hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New materialism
New materialism is a movement within contemporary philosophy that seeks to rework the conventional ontological understanding of the material world. While many philosophical tendencies are associated with new materialism, in such a way that the movement resists a single definition, its common characteristics include a rejection of essentialism, representationalism, and anthropocentrism as well as the dualistic boundaries between nature/culture; subject/object; and human/non-human. Instead, new materialists emphasize how fixed entities and apparently closed systems are produced through dynamic relations and processes, considering the distribution of agency through the interaction of heterogeneous forces. The movement has influenced a wide variety of new articulations between intellectual currents in science and philosophy, in fields such as science and technology studies, as well as systems science.

System
A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences.

Systems have several common properties and characteristics, including structure, function(s), behavior and interconnectivity.
Eberhard of Friuli
Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 867) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, or Eberard; in Latinized fashion, Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus". He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.

Treviso
Treviso (US: /treɪˈviːzoʊ/ tray-VEE-zoh; Italian: [treˈviːzo] ⓘ; Venetian: Trevixo [tɾeˈvizo]) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Treviso and the municipality has 87,322 inhabitants (as of December 2024). Some 3,000 live within the Venetian walls (le Mura) or in the historical and monumental center; some 80,000 live in the urban center while the city hinterland has a population of approximately 170,000.

The province is home to the headquarters of clothing retailer Benetton, Sisley, Stefanel, Geox, Diadora and Lotto Sport Italia, appliance maker De'Longhi, and bicycle maker Pinarello.

Treviso is also known for being the original production area of Prosecco wine and radicchio, and is thought to have been the origin of the popular Italian dessert tiramisù.
Vad, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Vad (Russian: Вад) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Vadsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Population:  6,698 (2010 Census); 6,759 (2002 Census); 6,058 (1989 Soviet census).

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Нижегородская область, romanized: Nizhegorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Nizhny Novgorod. It has a population of 3,119,115 as of the 2021 Census. From 1932 to 1990, it was known as Gorky Oblast (Russian: Горьковская область).

The oblast is crossed by the Volga River. Apart from Nizhny Novgorod's metropolitan area (including Dzerzhinsk, Bor and Kstovo) the biggest city is Arzamas. Near the town of Sarov there is the Serafimo-Diveyevsky Monastery, one of the largest convents in Russia, established by Saint Seraphim of Sarov. The Makaryev Monastery opposite of the town of Lyskovo used to be the location of the largest fair in Eastern Europe. Other historic towns include Gorodets and Balakhna, located on the Volga to the north from Nizhny Novgorod.
Pansy Helen Auld Chapman
Pansy Helen Auld Chapman MBE (24 November 1892 – 6 July 1973) was a New Zealand hospital matron and nursing administrator. She was born in Blacks Point, West Coast, New Zealand, on 24 November 1892.

In the 1948 New Year Honours, Chapman was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire.

Blacks Point
Blacks Point is a locality near Reefton on the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand.

Blacks Point is located south-west of Reefton on State Highway 7 adjacent to the Inangahua River. The settlement is one of many that were founded in the early 1870s, at a time when over 80 mines were being sunk into the gold-bearing quartz reefs in the Reefton area. Most of the settlers who formed the township of Blacks Point in 1873 were miners from Cornwall.

One attraction is the Blacks Point Museum, a former Wesleyan Methodist Church from 1876 converted to a museum that displays the history of a typical mining town.
Blahodatne, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast
Blahodatne (Ukrainian: Благодатне), formerly known as Zhelanne (Ukrainian: Желанне; Russian: Желание), is a rural settlement in Ocheretyne settlement hromada, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. In 2022, the population was estimated to be 1,274, but had reduced to an estimated 100 by 2024 during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In 2024 the Verkhovna Rada renamed the village as a part of the derussification campaign.

Rural settlement
The definition of a rural settlement depends on the country, in some countries, a rural settlement is any settlement in the areas defined as rural by a governmental office, e.g., by the national census bureau. This may include even rural towns. In some others, rural settlements traditionally do not include towns.

Common types of rural settlements are villages, hamlets, and farms. They may be dispersed.

Traditionally, rural settlements were associated with agriculture. In modern times other types of rural communities have been developed.

The settlement where the occupation of majority of people relate to the local natural resources are called rural settlement for example, (1) settlement of fisheries along a sea coast, (2) settlement of tribal people in a forest area and (3) settlement of farmers along the banks of rivers.

Rural settlements show the reciprocal relationship of human occupance features and environment.
Chandrasekaran
Chandrasekaran is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

A. Chandrasekaran, Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu

Chidambara Chandrasekaran, (1911–2000), Indian demographer and statistician

Durai Chandrasekaran, Indian politician and incumbent Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu

K. B. V. Sc. Chandrasekaran, Indian politician and incumbent Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu

K N Chandrasekaran Pillai, Indian legal academic

M. Chandrasekaran, Carnatic classical violinist from Chennai (formerly Madras), Tamil Nadu

Natarajan Chandrasekaran, (born June 1963), Indian business executive, Chairman of Tata Sons

Periyasamy Chandrasekaran (1957–2010), Sri Lankan politician

Rajiv Chandrasekaran, Indian-American journalist

S. Chandrasekaran (born 1959), contemporary modern artist

Natarajan Chandrasekaran
Natarajan Chandrasekaran (born 2 June 1963) is an Indian business executive. He is the chairman of Tata Sons and Tata Group. He was chief operating officer (COO) and executive director of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), where in 2009, he became chief executive officer (CEO). He was also the chairman of Tata Motors and Tata Global Beverages (TGB). He became the first non-Parsi and professional executive to head the Tata Group. He has assumed the chair of B20 India and will lead the business agenda during India's G20 presidency.
Chycina
Chycina [xɨˈt͡ɕina] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bledzew, within Międzyrzecz County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It is situated on the shore of Chycina Lake, approximately 5 km (3 mi) southeast of Bledzew and 12 km (7 mi) west of Międzyrzecz.

The village is known for the Summer Sports Center of the Poznan University School of Physical Education.

Chycina was a private village, administratively located in the Poznań County in the Poznań Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.

Międzyrzecz
Międzyrzecz (Polish pronunciation: [mʲɛnˈd͡zɨʐɛt͡ʂ] ⓘ; Latin: Meserici, German: Meseritz, Yiddish: מעזריטש, romanized: Mezrits) is a town in western Poland, on the Obra and Paklica river, with 17,667 inhabitants (2020). The capital of Gmina Międzyrzecz and Międzyrzecz County in Lubusz Voivodeship.

Founded in the 9th century, Międzyrzecz is a former royal city of Poland. It contains heritage in various styles, including Gothic, Baroque and Neoclassical, including a medieval Royal Castle, listed as a Historic Monument of Poland. During World War II, it was the site of German Nazi atrocities in which more than 10,000 people were killed.
Arrondissement of Tours
The arrondissement of Tours is an arrondissement of France in the Indre-et-Loire department in the Centre-Val de Loire region. It has 54 communes. Its population is 392,030 (2021), and its area is 1,087.6 km2 (419.9 sq mi).

Indre-et-Loire
Indre-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃.dʁ‿e.lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in west-central France named after the Indre River and Loire River. In 2019, it had a population of 610,079. Sometimes referred to as Touraine, the name of the historic region, it is nowadays part of the Centre-Val de Loire region. Its prefecture is Tours and subprefectures are Chinon and Loches. Indre-et-Loire is a touristic destination for its numerous monuments that are part of the Châteaux of the Loire Valley.
David Lemieux (archivist)
David Hardy Lemieux (born November 8, 1970) is an audio and film archivist.  He is a Grammy, Juno, and Gemini Award voting member.  He is the audiovisual archivist and legacy manager for the Grateful Dead.

Archivist
An archivist is an information professional who assesses, collects, organizes, preserves, maintains control over, and provides access to records and archives determined to have long-term value. The records that are maintained by an archivist can consist of a variety of forms, including but not limited to letters, diaries, logs, other personal documents, government documents, sound or picture recordings, digital files, or other physical objects.
Forès
Forès (Catalan pronunciation: [fuˈɾɛs]) is a municipality and village in the comarca of Conca de Barberà in the Province of Tarragona in Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 40 (register office, 2024) .

Province of Tarragona
Tarragona (Spanish: [taraˈɣona]; Catalan: [tərəˈɣonə]) is a province of eastern Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia. It is bordered by the provinces of Castellón, Teruel, Zaragoza, Lleida and Barcelona and by the Mediterranean Sea.

The province's population is 795,902 (2018), about one fifth of whom live in the capital, Tarragona. Some of the larger cities and towns in Tarragona province include Reus, Salou, El Vendrell, Tortosa, Valls, Amposta. This province has 183 municipalities. The province includes several World Heritage Sites and is a popular tourist destination. There are Roman Catholic cathedrals in Tarragona and Tortosa.
Tremella compacta
Tremella compacta is a species of fungus in the order Tremellales. It produces large, ochraceous yellow, compactly lobed, cartilaginous-gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on dead branches of broadleaved trees. It was originally described from Brazil and is distributed in northern South America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

Tremellales
The Tremellales are an order of fungi in the class Tremellomycetes. The order contains both teleomorphic and anamorphic species, most of the latter being yeasts. All teleomorphic species in the Tremellales are parasites of other fungi, though the yeast states are widespread and not restricted to hosts. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies), when produced, are gelatinous.

The order currently comprises 11 families, containing around 250 valid species. Significant genera include Tremella, one species of which is edible and commercially cultivated, and the yeast genus Cryptococcus, several species of which are human pathogens.
Rang Frah Government College, Changlang
Rang Frah Government College, Changlang, established in 1996, is a private general degree college in Changlang, Arunachal Pradesh. It offers undergraduate courses in science, arts and commerce. It is affiliated to  Rajiv Gandhi University.

Changlang
Changlang is a census town and headquarters of the Changlang district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. 
It has become one of the major districts in the area owing to the presence of crude oil, coal and mineral resources other than tourism and hydro power.

Changlang is located at the co-ordinates 27°07′N 95°43′E﻿ / ﻿27.12°N 95.71°E﻿ / 27.12; 95.71.
USS Cable
USS Cable (ARS-19) was a Diver-class rescue and salvage ship built for the U.S. Navy during World War II. She served in the Pacific Ocean theater of the war. Because of the bravery of her crew in dangerous combat areas, she returned home after the war's end with three battle stars and the Navy Unit Commendation.

Cable was launched 1 April 1943 by Basalt Rock Company in Napa, California; sponsored by Mrs. B. Elliott; and commissioned 6 March 1944.

Milne Bay
Milne Bay is a large bay in Milne Bay Province, south-easternmost Papua New Guinea. More than 35 km (22 mi) long and over 15 km (9 mi) wide, Milne Bay is a sheltered deep-water harbor accessible via Ward Hunt Strait. It is surrounded by the heavily wooded Stirling Range to the north and south, and on the northern shore, a narrow coastal strip, soggy with sago and mangrove swamps. The bay is named after Sir Alexander Milne.
Nordic folklore
Nordic folklore is the folklore of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and the Faroe Islands. It has common roots with, and has been under mutual influence with, folklore in England, Germany, the Low Countries, the Baltic countries, Finland and Sápmi. Folklore is a concept encompassing expressive traditions of a particular culture or group. The peoples of Scandinavia are heterogenous, as are the oral genres and material culture that has been common in their lands. However, there are some commonalities across Scandinavian folkloric traditions, among them a common ground in elements from Norse mythology as well as Christian conceptions of the world.

Among the many tales common in Scandinavian oral traditions, some have become known beyond Scandinavian borders – examples include The Three Billy Goats Gruff and The Giant Who Had No Heart in His Body.

Faroese language
Faroese (/ˌfɛəroʊˈiːz, ˌfær-/ ⓘ FAIR-oh-EEZ, FARR-; endonym: føroyskt [ˈføːɹɪst]) is a North Germanic language spoken as a first language by about 69,000 Faroe Islanders, of whom 21,000 reside mainly in Denmark and elsewhere.

It is one of five languages descended from Old West Norse spoken in the Middle Ages; the others include Norwegian, Icelandic, and the extinct Norn and Greenlandic Norse. Faroese and Icelandic, its closest extant relative, are not easily mutually intelligible in speech, but the written languages resemble each other quite closely, largely owing to Faroese's etymological orthography.
1st Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament
The 1st Bangsamoro Transition Authority (BTA) Parliament is the first interim Bangsamoro Parliament, the legislature of the transitional regional government of Bangsamoro.

It is composed of members of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority which itself was constituted on February 22, 2019, when its first set of members took their oath. The inaugural session began on March 29, 2019 and ended on April 23, 2020. At the start of the first regular session, the parliament had 75 members.

The second regular session began on June 16, 2020. The third session began on June 15, 2021. The fourth session began on June 14, 2022.

The fourth session was abruptly ended when a new set of BTA officials were appointed on August 12, 2022, and the 2nd interim parliament held its inaugural session on September 15, 2022.

Government of the Philippines
The government of the Philippines (Filipino: Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas) has three interdependent branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The Philippines is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative and democratic constitutional republic in which the president functions as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a pluriform multi-party system.

The powers of the three branches are vested by the Constitution of the Philippines in the following: Legislative power is vested in the two-chamber Congress of the Philippines—the Senate is the upper chamber and the House of Representatives is the lower chamber. Executive power is exercised by the government under the leadership of the president. Judicial power is vested in the courts, with the Supreme Court of the Philippines as the highest judicial body.
The Woman with the Alabaster Jar
The Woman with the Alabaster Jar: Mary Magdalene and the Holy Grail is a book written by Margaret Starbird in 1993, claiming Jesus Christ and Mary Magdalene were married, and that Mary Magdalene was the Holy Grail.

Margaret Starbird developed the hypothesis that Saint Sarah was the daughter of Jesus and Mary Magdalene and that this was the source of the legend associated with the cult at Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. She stated (correctly) that the name "Sarah" means "Princess" in Hebrew, thus (supposedly) making her the forgotten child of the "sang réal", the blood royal of the King of the Jews.

The book is mentioned in the 2003 novel The Da Vinci Code, an international bestseller by Dan Brown; both books made use of the blood royal theory from the 1982 book The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail by Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh, and Henry Lincoln.

The book has been criticised for containing theories based on medieval lore and art, rather than on historical treatment of the Bible.

Michael Baigent
Michael Baigent (born Michael Barry Meehan, 27 February 1948 – 17 June 2013) was a New Zealand writer who published a number of popular works questioning traditional perceptions of history and the life of Jesus. He is known best as a co-author of the book The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail.
1997–98 DFB-Pokal Frauen
The Frauen DFB-Pokal 1997–98 was the 18th season of the cup competition, Germany's second-most important title in women's football. In the final which was held in Berlin on 16 June 1998 FCR Duisburg defeated FSV Frankfurt 6–2, thus winning their first cup title. Duisburg had begun the season as FC Rumeln-Kaldenhausen, changing their name in midseason to FCR Duisburg.

DFB-Pokal Frauen
The DFB-Pokal Frauen is the main national women's football cup competition in Germany, held annually by the German Football Association in knockout format. It was created in 1980, and since 1991 includes Eastern teams as well. The most recent champions are VfL Wolfsburg (ten consecutive titles), they also won the most titles with eleven. Since 1985 the final has been held in Berlin. This routine changed in 2010 when the DFB gave the final to the city of Cologne. It ever stayed in the city and was held at the RheinEnergieStadion. The final usually takes place on a weekend or holiday in early May.
Cornate d'Adda
Cornate d'Adda (Curnàa in the Brianza dialect, and simply Cornate until 1924) is a comune of 10,799 inhabitants in the province of Monza and Brianza, and it is 21 km away from Monza, the provincial capital. It is part of the Vimercatese and of the Parco Adda Nord. The frazioni of Colnago and of Porto d'Adda are part of the municipal territory.

The square of Cornate is called the XV Martyrs, as a re-enactment of the 15 partisans shot in Milan, in Piazzale Loreto, on 10 August 1944 by the Nazi. On 29 May 2018 the President of the Republic conferred the title of "City of Cornate d'Adda".

Lombard language
The Lombard language (Lombard: lombard, lumbard, lumbart or lombart, depending on the orthography; pronunciation: [lumˈbaːrt, lomˈbart]) belongs to the Gallo-Italic group within the Romance languages. It is characterized by a Celtic linguistic substratum and a Lombardic linguistic superstratum and is a cluster of homogeneous dialects that are spoken by millions of speakers in Northern Italy and southern Switzerland.  These include most of Lombardy and some areas of the neighbouring regions, notably the far eastern side of Piedmont and the extreme western side of Trentino, and in Switzerland in the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden. The language is also spoken in Santa Catarina in Brazil by Lombard immigrants from the Province of Bergamo, in Italy.
Waimea College
Waimea College is a co-educational secondary school in Richmond, Tasman District, New Zealand. Opened in 1957, the college has over 1500 students, and is the largest school in the top of the South Island.

Tasman District
Tasman District (Māori: Te Tai o Aorere) is a local government district in the northwest of the South Island of New Zealand. It borders the Canterbury Region, West Coast Region, Marlborough Region and Nelson City. It is administered by the Tasman District Council, a unitary authority, which sits at Richmond, with community boards serving outlying communities in Motueka and Golden Bay / Mohua. The city of Nelson has its own unitary authority separate from Tasman District, and together they comprise a single region in some contexts, but not for local government functions or resource management (planning) functions.
Barton and Walton railway station
Barton and Walton railway station  opened in 1839 by the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway on its original route from Derby to Hampton-in-Arden meeting the London and Birmingham Railway for London.

The village of Walton-upon-Trent itself is in Derbyshire, but the station was in Staffordshire.

London and Birmingham Railway
The London and Birmingham Railway (L&BR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom, in operation from 1833 to 1846, when it became part of the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR).

The 112-mile (180 km) railway line which the company opened in 1838, between London and Birmingham, was the first intercity line to be built into London. It is now the southern section of the West Coast Main Line.

The line was engineered by Robert Stephenson. It started at Euston Station in London, went north-west to Rugby, where it turned west to Coventry and on to Birmingham. It terminated at Curzon Street Station, which it shared with the Grand Junction Railway (GJR), whose adjacent platforms gave an interchange with full connectivity (with through carriages) between Liverpool, Manchester and London.
Huang Kuo-shu
Huang Kuo-shu (traditional Chinese: 黃國書; born 3 January 1964) is a Taiwanese politician. For the majority of his political career, Huang was affiliated with the Democratic Progressive Party. Huang served as a Taichung City Councilor from 1998 to 2015, when he won a by-election to the Legislative Yuan. He was elected to two consecutive full terms as a member of the Legislative Yuan, in 2016 and 2020. Huang withdrew from the Democratic Progressive Party in 2021, and completed his legislative tenure as a political independent.

2020 Taiwanese legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Taiwan on 11 January 2020 to elect the 113 members of the Legislative Yuan. The elections were held concurrently with presidential elections. The term of the Legislative Yuan began on 1 February 2020.

The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) lost seven seats but retained a majority of 61 seats in the Legislative Yuan. The Kuomintang gained three seats, winning 38. The New Power Party won three seats, down from five in the last election. The Taiwan People's Party and Taiwan Statebuilding Party entered the Legislative Yuan with five seats and one seat, respectively, with five independent candidates winning their seats and the People First Party losing all of their seats.