hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Khalifa Khudoidod Madrasah
Khalifa Khudoidod Madrasah is an architectural monument located in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. It is included in the national list of real estate objects of material and cultural heritage of Uzbekistan. Khalifa Khudoidod madrasah was built by Khalifa Khudoidod in 1796-1797, during the reign of Amir Shah Murad, who ruled the Emirate of Bukhara.

Bukhara
Bukhara (/bʊˈxɑːrə/ buu-KHAR-ə) is the seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents as of 1 January 2020. It is the capital of Bukhara Region.

The Bukhara region has been inhabited for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. Located on the Silk Road, the city has long served as a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. Bukhara served as the capital of the Uzbek states such as the Khanate of Bukhara, the Emirate of Bukhara and later the Bukhara People’s Soviet Republic. It was the birthplace of the scholar Imam Bukhari. The city has been known as "Noble Bukhara" (Bukhārā-ye sharīf). Bukhara has about 140 architectural monuments. UNESCO has listed the historic center of Bukhara (which contains numerous mosques and madrasas) as a World Heritage Site.
What Kind of an American Are You?
"What Kind of an American Are You?", also known as "What Kind of American Are You?", is a World War I era song released in 1917. Albert Von Tilzer composed the music. Lew Brown and Charles R. McCarron wrote the lyrics. The song was published by Broadway Music Co. of New York, New York. On the cover is a gray drawing of Uncle Sam pointing. A map of the United States is featured on the lower half of the cover. The song was written for voice and piano.

The sheet music can be found at the Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

Albert Von Tilzer
Albert Von Tilzer (born Elias Gumbinsky (changed to Albert Gumm); March 29, 1878 – October 1, 1956) was an American songwriter, the younger brother of fellow songwriter Harry Von Tilzer. He wrote the music to many hit songs, most notably "Take Me Out to the Ball Game".
Touch-type Read and Spell
Touch-type Read and Spell is a computer program that uses the Orton-Gillingham Method to teach phonics and typing. It is a multi-sensory approach. Keyboarding lessons present words on the screen, play them aloud and provide visual cues of the intended hand movements. The program is multi-step and focuses on accuracy over speed. This makes it appropriate for students with dyslexia and other specific learning differences, ADHD, dyspraxia, adults who struggle with literacy skills and aphasic individuals recovering from a stroke. TTRS has been featured in the Guardian and Forbes and the course and its approach are commonly discussed in books concerning special needs classroom instruction and dyslexia.

Orton-Gillingham
The Orton-Gillingham approach is a multisensory phonics technique for remedial reading instruction developed in the early 20th century. It is practiced as a direct, explicit, cognitive, cumulative, and multi-sensory approach. While it is most commonly associated with teaching individuals with dyslexia, it has been used for non-dyslexic individuals learning to read, spell, and write. In the US, it is promoted by more than 15 commercial programs as well as several private schools for students with dyslexia and related learning disabilities.

The Academy of Orton-Gillingham, originally named “The Orton Society”, certifies individuals who have taken  a training program with an OGA Fellow and who have completed a supervised practicum. This certifying committee is accredited under the NYS Board of Regents.
Martin Bower
Martin Bower (born 1952) is a British miniature model-maker and special effects artist for film and television. He built 50 scale models for the TV series Space: 1999.

His other credits include the TV series The Tomorrow People (1973–1979), Blake's 7 (1978–1981), The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (1981), Doctor Who and The Tripods (1984–1985), as well as the films The Medusa Touch (1978), Alien (1979), Flash Gordon (1980) and Outland (1981).

He has a long-standing professional relationship with effects director Brian Johnson.

The Medusa Touch (film)
The Medusa Touch is a 1978 supernatural horror thriller film directed and produced by Jack Gold, adapted by John Briley from the 1973 novel by Peter Van Greenaway. It stars Richard Burton, Lino Ventura, Lee Remick and Harry Andrews, and features Alan Badel, Derek Jacobi, Gordon Jackson, Jeremy Brett and Michael Hordern. The film is a co-production between the United Kingdom and France.
Frank Runacres
Frank Runacres (2 June 1904 - 1974) was an English painter who worked in both watercolours and oil. He studied at Saint Martin's School of Art, at the Slade School of Fine Arts, and at the Royal College of Art under Sir William Rothenstein between 1930 and 1933.

He taught at the Hornsey College of Art.

Saint Martin's School of Art
Saint Martin's School of Art was an art college in London, England. It offered foundation and degree level courses. It was established in 1854, initially under the aegis of the church of St Martin-in-the-Fields. Saint Martin's became part of the London Institute in 1986, and in 1989 merged with the Central School of Art and Design to form Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design.
Teumessus
Teumessus or Teumessos (Ancient Greek: Τευμησσός) was a town in ancient Boeotia, situated in the plain of Thebes, upon a low rocky hill of the same name. The name of this hill appears to have been also given to the range of mountains separating the plain of Thebes from the valley of the Asopus. Teumessus was upon the road from Thebes to Chalcis, at the distance of 100 stadia from the former. It is mentioned in one of the Homeric hymns with the epithet λεχεποίη or grassy, an epithet justified by the rich plain which surrounds the town. Teumessus is celebrated in the epic legends, especially on account of the Teumessian fox, which ravaged the territory of Thebes. The only building at Teumessus mentioned by Pausanias was a temple of Athena Telchinia, without any statue. Pausanias also mentions that Zeus hid Europa in Teumessus. The torrent Thermodon ran down Mount Hypatus on its way to Teumessus.

Its site is located near modern Mesovouni.

Boeotia
Boeotia (/biˈoʊʃ(i)ə/ bee-OH-sh(ee-)ə; Greek: Βοιωτία, pronounced [vi.oˈti.a]; Ancient Greek: Βοιωτῐ́ᾱ, romanized: Boiōtĭ́ā) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Greece. Its capital is Livadeia, and its largest city is Thebes.

Boeotia was also a region of ancient Greece, from before the 6th century BC.
Gallium lanthanum sulfide glass
Gallium lanthanum sulfide glass is the name of a family of chalcogenide glasses, referred to as gallium lanthanum sulfide (Ga-La-S) glasses. They are mixtures of La2S3, La2O3, and Ga2S3, which form the basic glass with other glass modifiers added as needed. Gallium-lanthanum-sulfide glasses have a wide range of vitreous formation centered around a  70% Ga2S3 : 30% La2S3  mixture, and readily accept other modifier materials into their structure. This means that Ga-La-S composition can be adjusted to give a wide variety of optical and physical properties.

Chalcogenide
Cadmium sulfide, a prototypical metal chalcogenide, is used as a yellow pigment.

A chalcogenide is a chemical compound consisting of at least one chalcogen anion and at least one more electropositive element. Although all group 16 elements of the periodic table are defined as chalcogens, the term chalcogenide is more commonly reserved for sulfides, selenides, tellurides, and polonides, rather than oxides. Many metal ores exist as chalcogenides. Photoconductive chalcogenide glasses are used in xerography. Some pigments and catalysts are also based on chalcogenides. The metal dichalcogenide MoS2 is a common solid lubricant.
2018–19 Essex Senior Football League
The 2018–19 season was the 48th in the history of Essex Senior Football League, a football competition in England.

The provisional club allocations for steps 5 and 6 were announced by the FA on 25 May 2018. The constitution was ratified by the league at its AGM.

The league featured 16 clubs which competed in the division last season, along with four new clubs.

Clubs transferred from the Spartan South Midlands League:
Hoddesdon Town
St Margaretsbury

Clubs transferred from the Eastern Counties League:
Saffron Walden Town
Stanway Rovers

Also, Wadham Lodge changed name to Leyton Athletic, while Waltham Forest changed name to Walthamstow.

Hullbridge Sports were champions, winning their first Essex Senior League title and were promoted to the Isthmian League.

2017–18 Eastern Counties Football League
The 2017–18 season was the 75th in the history of Eastern Counties Football League, a football competition in England. It was also the last season to have a single division at Step 6.

The constitution for Step 5 and Step 6 divisions for 2017–18 was announced on 26 May 2017, and the Eastern Counties divisions constitutions were ratified at the league's AGM on 17 June 2017.

Coggeshall Town were champions, winning their first Eastern Counties Football League title and were promoted to the Isthmian League for the first time in their history. Felixstove & Walton United finished second and were promoted due to expansion of step 4 up to seven divisions.
Italian destroyer Indomito (1912)
Indomito (English: "Indomitable") was an Italian Indomito-class destroyer. Commissioned into service in the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) in 1913, she served in World War I, playing an active role in the Adriatic campaign and seeing action in the Battle of the Strait of Otranto in 1917. Reclassified as a torpedo boat in 1929, she was stricken in 1937 and subsequently scrapped.

Shëngjin
Shëngjin (Albanian pronunciation: [ʃəɲˈɟin]) is a coastal resort town and a former municipality in Lezhë County, northwestern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality of Lezhë. The population at the 2023 census was 6,963. Shëngjin is a growing tourist destination, well known for its beaches and resort accommodations. Shëngjin is one of many cities within the District of Lezhë and is home to one of Albania's entry ports, Port of Shëngjin.
Acheiropodia
Acheiropodia, also known as Horn Kolb syndrome, is a genetic condition that affects limb development, resulting in shortened arms and legs and absent hands and feet on both sides of the body at birth. Specifically, individuals are born missing the epiphysis typically found at the end of the humerus bone of the upper arm, the diaphysis which makes up the long section of the tibia bone of the shin, the radius and ulna bones which make up the lower arm, the fibula bone of the shin, and all hand and foot bones. It was first discovered and is prevalent almost exclusively in Brazil.

Fibula
The fibula (pl.: fibulae or fibulas) or calf bone is a leg bone on the lateral side of the tibia, to which it is connected above and below. It is the smaller of the two bones and, in proportion to its length, the most slender of all the long bones. Its upper extremity is small, placed toward the back of the head of the tibia, below the knee joint and excluded from the formation of this joint. Its lower extremity inclines a little forward, so as to be on a plane anterior to that of the upper end; it projects below the tibia and forms the lateral part of the ankle joint.
Kathryn Viviano
Kathryn Viviano is the head judge of the divorce division of the 16th Circuit Court (Macomb County) of Michigan.  Viviano was first elected to the court in 2010.

Vivano has a bachelor's degree from Hillsdale College, and an MBA and JD from Wayne State University. She worked with the law firm of Barris, Sott, Denn & Driker before becoming a judge.

Viviano was born and raised in Macomb County, Michigan.  Before becoming a lawyer she was operations manager for her family flower shop.  She was an immigration attorney.

Hillsdale College
Hillsdale College is a private, conservative, Christian liberal arts college in Hillsdale, Michigan, United States. It was founded in 1844 by members of the Free Will Baptists. Women were admitted to the college from its foundation, making the college the second-oldest coeducational institution in the United States, after Oberlin College (1837). Hillsdale's required core curriculum includes courses on the Great Books, the U.S. Constitution, theology, biology, chemistry, and physics. The college's mission statement identifies it as a "nonsectarian Christian institution".

Since the late 20th century, in order to opt out of government mandates tied to funding, Hillsdale has declined both state and federal financial support. Instead, Hillsdale depends entirely on private donations to supplement students' tuition.
Norwood News
Norwood News is a bi-weekly newspaper that primarily serves the Northwest Bronx neighborhoods of Norwood, Bedford Park, Fordham and University Heights. It was founded in October 1988 by the Mosholu Preservation Corporation, a not-for-profit affiliate of Montefiore Medical Center. It has won a number of awards, including the New York Press Club award for community coverage. Its current editor-in-chief, Síle Moloney, has been with the newspaper since 2019.

New York Press Club
The New York Press Club, sometimes NYPC, is a nonprofit membership organization that promotes journalism in the New York City metropolitan area. It is unaffiliated with any government organization and abstains from politics. While the club is headquarters in New York City, it serves as an association for journalists based in the United States.
Armentarius of Pavia
Armentarius of Pavia was Bishop of Pavia from 711 to 732.

Armentarius succeeded Bishop Damian. During his episcopacy, he had an ongoing dispute with Benedict, Bishop of Milan, who insisted that Pavia was historically under the Metropolitan See of Milan, while Armentarius maintained that Pavia was directly subject to Rome. Pope Constantine sided with Armentarius, perhaps because Pavia was the capital of the Kingdom of the Lombards.

His tomb in Pavia Cathedral became a site of pilgrimages, due to his reputation as a powerful intercessor. He is commemorated on January 30.

The transfer of Augustine of Hippo's remains from Sardinia to San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro, although sometimes attributed to Armentarius, probably occurred during the tenure of his successor, Peter, uncle of King Liutprand.

San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro
The Basilica of St. Peter in the Golden Sky (Italian: Basilica di San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro) is an 8th-century Catholic basilica and monastery church served for centuries by the Augustinian friars in Pavia, in the Lombardy region of Italy. The basilica is noted for being the resting place of St. Augustine of Hippo as well as of the 6th-century philosopher Boethius.

Its name refers to the mosaics of gold leaf behind glass tesserae that decorate the ceiling of the apse. The plain exterior is of brick, with sandstone quoins and window framing. The paving of the church floor is now lower than the modern street level of Piazza San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro, which lies before its façade.
Janne Heikkinen (politician)
Janne Artturi Heikkinen (born May 16, 1990 in Oulu) is a Finnish politician and a member of the Parliament of Finland (MP). He got elected with 4124 personal votes from Oulu.

Heikkinen joined the National Coalition Party in 2008 and was first elected to the Kempele City Council in the 2008 Finnish municipal elections and to the Parliament of Finland in 2019 Finnish parliamentary election. In 2019 he received a Master's degree from the University of Jyväskylä.

University of Jyväskylä
The University of Jyväskylä (Finnish: Jyväskylän yliopisto) is a research university in Jyväskylä, Finland. It has its origins in the first Finnish-speaking Teacher Training College (the so-called Teacher Seminary), founded in 1863. Around 14,900 students are currently enrolled in the degree programs of the university.
Endorsements in the 2024 Indonesian presidential election
This page is a non-exhaustive list of notable individuals and organisations who endorsed individual candidates for the 2024 Indonesian presidential election. Politicians are noted with their party origin or political affiliation should they come from parties not part of the candidate's coalition. Celebrities are noted with their party origin should they have one.

Indonesian Navy
The Indonesian Navy (Indonesian: Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut, lit. 'Indonesian National Military-Sea Force', TNI-AL) is the naval branch of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. It was founded on 10 September 1945 and has a role to patrol Indonesia's lengthy coastline, to enforce and patrol the territorial waters and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Indonesia, to protect Indonesia's maritime strategic interests, to protect the islands surrounding Indonesia, and to defend against seaborne threats.

The Navy is headed by the Chief of Staff of the Navy (Kepala Staf Angkatan Laut – KSAL or KASAL). The Indonesian Navy consists of three major fleets known as "Armada", which are Komando Armada I (1st Fleet Command) located in Tanjung Uban, Komando Armada II (2nd Fleet Command) located in Surabaya, Komando Armada III (3rd Fleet Command) located in Sorong, and one Komando Lintas Laut Militer (Military Sealift Command). The Navy also heads the Marine Corps.
The Nightingale (Pinkney book)
The Nightingale is a 2002 adaptation of the classic 1843 Hans Christian Andersen story by Jerry Pinkney. It is about a king who forsakes a nightingale for a bejeweled mechanical bird, becomes gravely ill, and is then revived by the song of the nightingale.

Automaton
An automaton (/ɔːˈtɒmətən/ ⓘ; pl.: automata or automatons) is a relatively self-operating machine or control mechanism designed to automatically follow a sequence of operations or respond to predetermined instructions. Some automata, such as bellstrikers in mechanical clocks, are designed to give the illusion to the casual observer that they are operating under their own power or will, like a mechanical robot. The term has long been commonly associated with automated puppets that resemble moving humans or animals, built to impress and/or to entertain people.

Animatronics are a modern type of automata with electronics, often used for the portrayal of characters or creatures in films and in theme park attractions.
In the Wings (play)
In The Wings is a comedy written by Tony Award winner Stewart F. Lane. It was produced off-Broadway at the Promenade Theater in New York City in 2005. Because the play is set in New York City in 1977, the costumes and sets become secondary characters. The off-Broadway production included many bell bottoms, fringed vests and smiley faces. The play was first presented as a staged reading at The Revelation Theater starring Shannen Doherty and directed by Mr. Lane.

Shannen Doherty
Shannen Maria Doherty (/ˈdoʊ.ərti/; April 12, 1971 – July 13, 2024) was an American actress. During her career in film and television, Doherty played a number of notable characters, including Jenny Wilder in Little House on the Prairie (1982–1983); Maggie Malene in Girls Just Want to Have Fun (1985); Kris Witherspoon in Our House (1986–1988); Heather Duke in Heathers (1989); Brenda Walsh in Beverly Hills, 90210 (1990–1994), 90210 (2008–2009), and BH90210 (2019); Rene Mosier in Mallrats (1995); and Prue Halliwell in Charmed (1998–2001).
Sandalodus
Sandalodus is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the Carboniferous period. It was named by Newberry and Worthen in 1866.

Eastman 1903 gave Cochliodontidae as the parent taxon: 196  while Sepkoski 2002 suggested Holocephali.

Amos Henry Worthen
Amos Henry Worthen (1813–1888) was an American geologist and paleontologist from Illinois. He was the second state geologist of Illinois and the first curator of the Illinois State Museum. He was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a member of the American Philosophical Society (1863) and the National Academy of Sciences.
Norsk Forurensningskontroll
Norsk Forurensningskontroll AS (literally "Norwegian Pollution Control") or NFK was a specialized Norwegian aviation company and aircraft operator, with a fleet of four de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter aircraft. The company was founded in 1983 and initially intended to operate the aircraft to apply dispersants on oil spills at sea, as a part of the national oil spill defense system. However, due to oil companies, departemental and government politics the company failed to establish such a service and instead operated the aircraft for charter, before deciding to liquidate the company in the autumn of 1986.  The airline had its main base at Bodø Airport, and was planning to establish oil-spill protection bases at Hammerfest Airport and Kristiansund Airport, Kvernberget. During its existence the company co-operated closely with Widerøe's Flyveselskap AS, which was approved by the authorities as the operators maintenance organization.

De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
The de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter is a Canadian STOL (short takeoff and landing) utility aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada in the mid-1960s and still in production. It was built by De Havilland Canada from 1965 to 1988. In 2022, Viking Air purchased the type certificate and restarted production in 2008, before re-adopting the name De Havilland Canada. In 2023, DHC started production of the 300-G, an upgraded version of the Series 400 with Garmin avionics.

The aircraft's fixed tricycle undercarriage, STOL capabilities, twin turboprop engines and high rate of climb have made it a successful commuter airliner, typically seating 18–20 passengers, as well as a cargo and medical evacuation aircraft. The Twin Otter has also been popular with commercial skydiving operations and is used by the United States Army Parachute Team and the 98th Flying Training Squadron of the United States Air Force.
Wilhelm von Humboldt Memorial, Berlin
The Wilhelm von Humboldt Memorial to the left of the Humboldt University main building on Unter den Linden avenue in Berlin's Mitte district commemorates the Prussian polymath and education reformer Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835). Created in 1882 by Paul Otto in neo-baroque style, the marble statue is a masterpiece of the Berlin school of sculpture.

Wilhelm von Humboldt
Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Karl Ferdinand von Humboldt (22 June 1767 – 8 April 1835) was a Prussian philosopher, linguist, government functionary, diplomat, and founder of the Humboldt University of Berlin. In 1949, the university was named after him and his younger brother, Alexander von Humboldt, a naturalist.

He was a linguist who made contributions to the philosophy of language, ethnolinguistics, and to the theory and practice of education. He made a major contribution to the development of liberalism by envisioning education as a means of realizing individual possibility rather than a way of drilling traditional ideas into youth to suit them for an already established occupation or social role. In particular, he was the architect of the Humboldtian education ideal, which was used from the beginning in Prussia as a model for its system of public education, as well as in the United States and Japan. He was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1822.