hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles B. Thomsen
Charles Burton "Chuck" Thomsen FAIA FCMAA (born September 25, 1932) is an American architect, construction manager, corporate executive and educator. He is the son of Fred Charles Thomsen and Sunbeam Burton Thomsen.

Fred Thomsen
Fred Charles Thomsen (April 25, 1897 – January 7, 1986) was an American football player and coach. From 1929 to 1941, he was the head football coach at the University of Arkansas, compiling a record of 56–61–10. In 1949, he became the head football coach at Southwest Missouri State College, now Missouri State University, where he served until 1952. His record at Southwest Missouri State was 19–17–4. Thomsen's career record as a head coach was 75–78–4.  Thomsen played for the Rock Island Independents in the National Football League (NFL) for one season in 1924.
International Women's Strike 2018
The International Women's Strike or International Feminist Strike 8-M was a movement that took place on March 8, 2018, International Women's Day. It was organized by feminist movements in support of women's rights across the world. It was supported by over 170 countries and a large number of related local activities.

The movement called for the end of violence against women, gender inequality, and different forms of oppression against women. This international action also had the objective to determine the level of exploitation of women in the workplace, social reproduction, and reproductive labor.

Gender inequality
Gender inequality is the social phenomenon in which people are not treated equally on the basis of gender. This inequality can be caused by gender discrimination or sexism. The treatment may arise from distinctions regarding biology, psychology, or cultural norms prevalent in the society. These distinctions are foremost grounded in social constructs. While current policies around the world cause inequality among individuals, it is women who are most affected. Gender inequality weakens women in many areas such as health, education, and business life. Studies show the different experiences of genders across many domains including education, life expectancy, personality, interests, family life, careers, and political affiliation. Gender inequality is experienced differently across different cultures.
NGC 1448
NGC 1448 is an unbarred spiral galaxy seen nearly edge-on in the constellation Horologium. It is at a distance of 55 million light years from Earth. It was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel on 24 October 1835. Herschel observed the galaxy again on 14 December 1835, resulting in it being listed twice in the New General Catalogue, as NGC 1448 and as NGC 1457.

From the spectral analysis of SN 2001el, over a dozen diffuse interstellar bands were discovered in NGC 1448 – one of the few cases that these bands were observed outside of the Milky Way. However, the bands were significantly weaker at SN 2003hn.

In January 2017 it was announced that evidence for a supermassive black hole in NGC 1448 had been found in the center of the galaxy.

The galaxy belongs to the NGC 1433 group, part of the Doradus cloud of galaxies.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.
Nallapareddy Prasanna Kumar Reddy
Nallapareddy Prasanna Kumar Reddy (born 1963) is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He is a six-time MLA from Kovur Assembly Constituency in Nellore District. He won the 2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election representing YSR Congress Party. He is nominated again by YSRCP to contest the Kovur seat in the 2024 Assembly Election.

Kovur Assembly constituency
Kovur Assembly constituency is a constituency in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Nellore Lok Sabha constituency.

Vemireddy Prashanthi Reddy is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 264,629 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).
Józef Bury
Jozef Bury (born 1961 in Mielec, Poland, lives and works in Paris) is a multidisciplinary artist who articulates researches about space-and-time problems, polysensory perception, subcognitive attitude and memory of experience. While working with such mediums as photograph, painting, performance and new media.

Mielec
Mielec [ˈmʲɛlɛt͡s] ⓘ (Yiddish: מעליץ-Melitz) is the largest city and seat of Mielec County, located within the Subcarpathian Voivodeship in south-eastern Poland. The population of Mielec in December 2021 was 59,509.

Mielec is an industrial center, with technical and IT schools, craft schools and colleges (providing bachelor's degree and master's degree in several fields of study. Postgraduate studies are also available - e.g. MBA). The city lies within the Special Economic Zone Euro-Park Mielec with access to Mielec Airport and railway. About 15 km (9 mi) north of Mielec runs LHS railway - The transshipment terminal in Wola Baranowska enables the exchange of cargo between the broad gauge and standard gauge railways and trucks. About 20 km (12 mi) south of Mielec runs the A4 motorway. Moreover, the city of Mielec supports a recognizable soccer team - Stal Mielec.

The motto of the city is Here wings spread! in reference to many successful domestic and foreign investments.
Bee Fork, Missouri
Bee Fork is an unincorporated community in Reynolds County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

The community is on Bee Fork. Missouri Route TT  passes approximately one half mile to the west and Centerville is about 6.5 miles to the east.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Jorge Stolfi
Jorge Stolfi (born 1950 in São Paulo) is a full professor of computer science at the State University of Campinas, working in computer vision, image processing, splines and other function approximation methods, graph theory, computational geometry and several other fields.  According to the ISI Web Of Science, as of 2010 he was the most highly cited computer scientist in Brazil. Outside of academia, Stolfi has accrued an online following due to his skepticism and comments on Bitcoin.

Digital image processing
Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and distortion during processing. Since images are defined over two dimensions (perhaps more), digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional systems. The generation and development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the creation and improvement of discrete mathematics theory); and third, the demand for a wide range of applications in environment, agriculture, military, industry and medical science has increased.
Perișoru
Perișoru is a commune in Călărași County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Mărculești-Gară, Perișoru, and Tudor Vladimirescu. As of 2021 the population of Perișoru is 4,705.

The commune is situated in the Bărăgan Plain, a steppe plain in the eastern part of the Wallachian Plain. It is located in the northeastern part of the county, 42 km (26 mi) from the county seat, Călărași, on the border with Ialomița County.

Perișoru is crossed by national road DN3A, which connects the town of Lehliu Gară, 64 km (40 mi) to the west, with the city of Fetești, 24 km (15 mi) to the east. The A2 motorway, which links Bucharest to Constanța, passes through the southern outskirts of the commune. The Perișoru train station serves the CFR Main Line 800, connecting Bucharest with the Black Sea coast.

A2 motorway (Romania)
The A2 motorway (Romanian: Autostrada A2), also known as The Motorway of the Sun (Romanian: Autostrada Soarelui), is a motorway in Romania which links Bucharest with Constanța, a city-port on the shore of the Black Sea, where it merges after an interchange into the A4 motorway. It is 206 km long, and has been operational on its entire length since November 2012.
Prussian G 12
The Prussian G 12 is a 1'E 2-10-0 goods train locomotive built for the Prussian state railways (Preußische Staatseisenbahnen).

It had been shown during the First World War that, from a servicing and maintenance point of view, it was a great disadvantage for each state railway to have its own locomotive classes with no standardization. Even spare parts for locos of the same class often did not fit their sister locos. In addition, the military railways needed a fast, powerful, goods locomotive that did not have a high axle load.

Axle load
The axle load of a wheeled vehicle is the total weight bearing on the roadway for all wheels connected to a given axle. Axle load is an important design consideration in the engineering of roadways and railways, as both are designed to tolerate a maximum weight-per-axle (axle load); exceeding the maximum rated axle load will cause damage to the roadway or railway tracks.
Chanute Martin Johnson Airport
37°40′08″N 095°29′06″W﻿ / ﻿37.66889°N 95.48500°W﻿ / 37.66889; -95.48500

Chanute Martin Johnson Airport (IATA: CNU, ICAO: KCNU, FAA LID: CNU) is a city-owned airport located two miles southwest of Chanute, in Neosho County, Kansas.  It is named for Martin Johnson, of the husband-and-wife explorers Martin and Osa Johnson, although it was Osa and not Martin who was native to Chanute.

Neosho County, Kansas
Neosho County is a county located in Southeast Kansas. Its county seat is Erie.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 15,904.  The county was named for the Neosho River, which passes through the county.
Schur–Horn theorem
In mathematics, particularly linear algebra, the Schur–Horn theorem, named after Issai Schur and Alfred Horn, characterizes the diagonal of a Hermitian matrix with given eigenvalues. It has inspired investigations and substantial generalizations in the setting of symplectic geometry. A few important generalizations are Kostant's convexity theorem, Atiyah–Guillemin–Sternberg convexity theorem and Kirwan convexity theorem.

Doubly stochastic matrix
In mathematics, especially in probability and combinatorics, a doubly stochastic matrix 
(also called bistochastic matrix) is a square matrix  of nonnegative real numbers, each of whose rows and columns sums to 1, i.e.,

Thus, a doubly stochastic matrix is both left stochastic and right stochastic.

Indeed, any matrix that is both left and right stochastic must be square: if every row sums to 1 then the sum of all entries in the matrix must be equal to the number of rows, and since the same holds for columns, the number of rows and columns must be equal.
USS Tantalus
USS Tantalus (ARL-27) was one of 39 Achelous-class landing craft repair ships built for the United States Navy during World War II. Named for Tantalus (a legendary king of Lydia condemned to stand in a pool of water up to his chin and beneath fruit-laden boughs only to have the water or fruit recede at each attempt to drink or eat), she was the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name.

Originally laid down as LST-1117 on 10 October 1944 at Seneca, Illinois by the Chicago Bridge and Iron Company; launched on 2 January 1945; sponsored by Mrs. Angeline Colomone; and commissioned on 13 January 1945.

Landing craft
Landing craft are small and medium seagoing watercraft, such as boats and barges, used to convey a landing force (infantry and vehicles) from the sea to the shore during an amphibious assault. The term excludes landing ships, which are larger. Production of landing craft peaked during World War II, with a significant number of different designs produced in large quantities by the United Kingdom and United States.

Because of the need to run up onto a suitable beach, World War II landing craft were flat-bottomed, and many designs had a flat front, often with a lowerable ramp, rather than a normal bow. This made them difficult to control and very uncomfortable in rough seas. The control point (too rudimentary to call a bridge on LCA and similar craft) was normally at the extreme rear of the vessel, as were the engines. In all cases, they were known by an abbreviation derived from the official name rather than by the full title.
Dance Films Association
The Dance Films Association (DFA) is a non-profit organization founded by Susan Braun in 1956; José Limón, Ted Shawn and Alicia Markova were charter members. Its stated purpose is, "Dedicated to furthering the art of dance film.".

DFA has held a film festival every year since 1971, which has been co-sponsored by the Film Society of Lincoln Center since 1996. It also arranges tours of dance films; in 2010 over forty venues were booked, from New York — the Museum of Modern Art — to Bialystok, Havana, Manipur and Istanbul.

Alicia Markova
Dame Alicia Markova DBE (1 December 1910 – 2 December 2004) was a British ballerina and a choreographer, director and teacher of classical ballet. Most noted for her career with Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes and touring internationally, she was widely considered to be one of the greatest classical ballet dancers of the twentieth century. She was the first British dancer to become the principal dancer of a ballet company and, with Dame Margot Fonteyn, is one of only two English dancers to be recognised as a prima ballerina assoluta. Markova was a founder dancer of the Rambert Dance Company, The Royal Ballet and American Ballet Theatre, and was co-founder and director of the English National Ballet.
Tivoli Cathedral
Tivoli Cathedral (Italian: Duomo di Tivoli or Basilica Cattedrale di San Lorenzo Martire) is a Roman Catholic cathedral, dedicated to Saint Lawrence, in Tivoli, Lazio, Italy. It is the seat of the bishop of Tivoli.

Pope Simplicius
Pope Simplicius (died 2 or 10 March 483) was the bishop of Rome from 468 to his death on 10 March 483. He combated the Eutychian heresy, ended the practice of consecrating bishops only in December, and sought to offset the effects of Germanic invasions. His pontificate coincided with the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, when Odoacer deposed the last Western Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, though it had little impact on the Church's administration of Rome.
Outline of ancient history
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to ancient history:

Ancient history – study of recorded human history from the beginning of writing at about 3000 BC until the Early Middle Ages. The times before writing belong either to protohistory or to prehistory. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 – 5,500 years, beginning with Sumerian cuneiform, the oldest form of writing discovered so far.  Although the ending date of ancient history is disputed, currently most Western scholars use the fall of the Western Roman Empire in  476 AD or the coming of Islam in 632 AD as the end of ancient history.

Ancient Egyptian agriculture
The civilization of ancient Egypt was indebted to the Nile River  and its dependable seasonal flooding. The river's predictability and fertile soil allowed the Egyptians to build an empire on the basis of great agricultural wealth. Egyptians are credited as being one of the first groups of people to practice agriculture on a large scale. This was possible because of the ingenuity of the Egyptians as they developed basin irrigation.  Their farming practices allowed them to grow staple food crops, especially grains such as wheat and barley, and industrial crops, such as flax and papyrus.
Matag-ob
Matag-ob (IPA: [mɐ'tagʔob]), officially the Municipality of Matag-ob (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Matag-ob; Waray: Bungto han Matag-ob; Tagalog: Bayan ng Matag-ob), is a municipality in the province of Leyte, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 18,618 people.

In 1957 the barrios of Santo Rosario, Santa Rosa, Balagtas, San Vicente and Mabini were separated from the municipality of Palompon and constituted into Matag-ob.

Waray language
Waray (also known as Waray-Waray or Bisayâ/Binisayâ and Winaray/Waray, Spanish: idioma samareño meaning Samar language) is an Austronesian language and the fifth-most-spoken native regional language of the Philippines, native to Eastern Visayas. It is the native language of the Waray people and second language of the Abaknon people of Capul, Northern Samar, and some Cebuano-speaking peoples of western and southern parts of Leyte island. It is the third most spoken language among the Bisayan languages, only behind Cebuano and Hiligaynon.
2008 NatWest Pro40
The 2008 NatWest Pro40 was a league system 40 over competition. Sussex Sharks won Division One, while Essex Eagles finished top of Division Two, gaining promotion; Yorkshire Carnegie were also promoted, but Glamorgan Dragons lost their playoff match and remained in Division Two. Somerset Sabres' Marcus Trescothick was the leading run-scorer in the competition with 556 runs, while Jade Dernbach of Surrey Brown Caps claimed the most wickets, with 24.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Ndut initiation rite
The Ndut is a circumcision rite of passage as well as a religious education commanded by Serer religion that every Serer (an ethnoreligious group and nation found in present-day Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania) must go through once in their lifetime. The Serer people being an ethnoreligious group, the Ndut initiation rite is also linked to Serer culture. From the moment a Serer child is born, education plays a pivotal role throughout their life cycle. The ndut is one of these phases of their life cycle. In Serer society, education lasts a lifetime, from infancy to old age.

Rite of passage
A rite of passage is a ceremony or ritual of the passage which occurs when an individual leaves one group to enter another. It involves a significant change of status in society. In cultural anthropology, the term is the anglicisation of rite de passage, a French term innovated by the ethnographer Arnold van Gennep in his work Les rites de passage, The Rites of Passage. The term is now fully adopted into anthropology as well as into the literature and popular cultures of many modern languages.
Kūbo Ibuki
Kūbo Ibuki (空母いぶき; 'Aircraft Carrier Ibuki') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kaiji Kawaguchi with cooperation by journalist Osamu Eya. It was serialized in Shogakukan's seinen manga magazine Big Comic from December 2014 to December 2019. A sequel, titled Kūbo Ibuki Great Game, was serialized in the same magazine from December 2019 to December 2025. A live-action film adaptation premiered in Japan in May 2019.

By October 2022, the manga had over 8 million copies in circulation. In 2018, Kūbo Ibuki won the 63rd Shogakukan Manga Award in the general category.

Hidetoshi Nishijima (actor)
Hidetoshi Nishijima (Japanese: 西島 秀俊, Hepburn: Nishijima Hidetoshi; born March 29, 1971) is a Japanese actor and model. He is widely regarded as one of Japan's leading actors, having appeared in a wide range of films from science fiction films such as Shin Ultraman (2022) to small-scale art films such as Dolls (2002). He gained international recognition for his critically acclaimed leading role in the 2021 film Drive My Car, for which he received the Japan Academy Film Prize for Best Actor.
NewsNation Prime
NewsNation Prime is an American television news program on NewsNation, which premiered nationally on September 1, 2020. Broadcast live from Chicago, the program uses the journalistic resources of the 110 television news operations throughout the United States that are operated under the network's corporate parent Nexstar Media Group. The program is designed as an alternative to the opinion-based programs on CNN, MSNBC and Fox News Channel, the top-rated cable news networks in the country in the early 2020s.

NewsNation Prime airs Saturdays and Sundays from 7 to 10 p.m. ET. (The program offers a same-night rebroadcast from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m. ET in order to align the program with the prime time period in the Pacific Time Zone.) The program combines reporting from its national correspondents and repackaged content from local Nexstar stations.

The program had an hour-long late-evening edition entitled NewsNation Tonight, which aired every weeknight from 11 p.m. to midnight ET.

News broadcasting
News broadcasting is the medium of broadcasting various news events and other information via television, radio, or the internet in the field of broadcast journalism. The content is usually either produced locally in a radio studio or television studio newsroom, or by a broadcast network. A news broadcast may include material such as sports coverage, weather forecasts, traffic reports, political commentary, expert opinions, editorial content, and other material that the broadcaster feels is relevant to their audience. An individual news program is typically reported in a series of individual stories that are presented by one or more anchors. A frequent inclusion is live or recorded interviews by field reporters.