hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956
The Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956 (HAMA) was enacted  as part of the Hindu Code Bills. Other legislations enacted during this time include the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, and the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956. All of these acts were introduced under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru, and were intended to codify and standardise the prevailing Hindu legal tradition. The Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956 specifically addresses the legal process of child adoption by a Hindu adult, as well as the legal obligations of a Hindu to provide "maintenance" to various family members, including spouse, parents, and in-laws.

Legislation
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business. Legislation can have many purposes: to regulate, to authorize, to outlaw, to provide (funds), to sanction, to grant, to declare, or to restrict. It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act.
Tanzania women's national under-20 football team
The Tanzania women's national under-20 football team represents Tanzania in international youth women's football competitions.

The team finished in 3rd place in the first edition of the CECAFA Women's U-20 Championship.

CECAFA Women's U-20 Championship
The CECAFA Women's U-20 Championship is a football (soccer) tournament in Africa. It is organised by the Council of East and Central Africa Football Associations (CECAFA), and includes women's national under 20 teams from Central and East Africa.
Gauhati Stock Exchange
Guwahati Stock Exchange (GSE) was a stock exchange located in Gauhati, Assam.

It was incorporated on 29 November 1983 and it was recognised by the Government of India on 1 May 1984 and was permitted to be closed by market regulator SEBI in January 2015.

By 1999–2000, the exchange had a total of 206 brokers, out of which 5 were corporate brokers. Among 206 brokers, there were 200 proprietor brokers, 1 partnership broker and 5 corporate brokers; only 4 sub-brokers registered. At the time of exit, the GSE had 290 listed companies.

The GSE was inter-connected with the National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) through the ISE Securities and Services Ltd. (ISS). ISS is the subsidiary of Inter-connected Stock Exchange of India Ltd. and GSE is one of the associated exchange of it. The trading of GSE is done through screen-based trading system.

Securities and Exchange Board of India
The  Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulatory body for securities and commodity market in India under the administrative domain of Ministry of Finance within the Government of India. It was established on 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992.
Duke of Finland
Duke of Finland (Finnish: Suomen herttua; Swedish: hertig av Finland) was an occasional title granted as a tertiogeniture to the relatives of the King of Sweden between the 13th and 17th centuries. It included a duchy along with feudal customs.

Starting with John III in the 1580s, Swedish monarchs adopted the style of Grand Duke of Finland. This title was used until 1720, revived in 1802–1805, and later adopted by the Russian emperors during the period of the Grand Duchy of Finland (1809–1917).

Birger Jarl
Birger Jarl or Birger Magnusson (c. 1210 – 21 October 1266) was a Swedish statesman and regent, jarl, and a member of the House of Bjälbo, who played a pivotal role in consolidating Sweden after the civil wars between the House of Erik and the House of Sverker. His first marriage was to Princess Ingeborg of Sweden, which created his base of power. Birger led the Second Swedish Crusade, which established Swedish rule in Finland. Additionally, he is traditionally attributed with the foundation of the Swedish capital, Stockholm, around 1250. Birger used the Latin title of dux sveorum et guttorum ("duke of Swedes and Geats").
Pinto Colvig
Vance DeBar Colvig Sr. (September 11, 1892 – October 3, 1967), known professionally as Pinto Colvig, was an American actor, cartoonist, and circus and vaudeville performer whose schtick was playing the clarinet off-key while mugging. Colvig was the original performer of the Disney characters Goofy and Pluto, as well as Bozo the Clown and Bluto in Popeye. In 1993, he was posthumously made a Disney Legend for his contributions to Walt Disney Films, including Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Fun and Fancy Free.

Disney Legends
34°9′29.65″N 118°19′35″W﻿ / ﻿34.1582361°N 118.32639°W﻿ / 34.1582361; -118.32639

Disney Legends is a Hall of Fame award that is awarded by the Walt Disney Company to individuals who "[have] made a significant impact on the Disney legacy". The honor was established in 1987, and was traditionally awarded annually during a special private ceremony. Since 2009, it has been awarded on a biennial basis  during Disney's D23 Expo.

Starting in 2024, the Disney Legends awards ceremony was moved from D23 Expo's traditional venue at the Anaheim Convention Center to the larger Honda Center down the street and was hosted by Ryan Seacrest.  The ceremony was recorded and made available for streaming the next day on Disney+.
Controlling interest
A controlling interest is an ownership interest in a corporation with enough voting stock shares to prevail in any stockholders' motion. A majority of voting shares (over 50%) is always a controlling interest. When a party holds less than the majority of the voting shares, other present circumstances can be considered to determine whether that party is still considered to hold a controlling ownership interest.

In the United States, Delaware corporations have a 2/3 vote requirement for a motion to pass. In theory, this would mean that a controlling interest would have to be over two-thirds of the voting shares.

A 2019 study published in the Virginia Law Review said dual-class stock structures, common to newly public technology companies, creates governance risks and costs, including the potential loss of economic value for non-voting shares held by public investors.

Virginia Law Review
The Virginia Law Review is a law review edited and published by students at University of Virginia School of Law. It was established on March 15, 1913, and permanently organized later that year. The stated objective of the Virginia Law Review is "to publish a professional periodical devoted to law-related issues that can be of use to judges, practitioners, teachers, legislators, students, and others interested in the law." In addition to articles, the journal regularly publishes scholarly essays and student notes. A companion online publication, Virginia Law Review Online (formerly In Brief), has been in publication since 2007. The current editor-in-chief is Jong Myung (John) Lim.

The Virginia Law Review consistently ranks among the top ten most cited law journals. In addition, it is accessible on electronic databases such as Westlaw, LexisNexis, and HeinOnline.
Rusthum Jodi
Rusthum Jodi is a 1980 Indian Kannada-language film directed by K. Vijayan and produced by N. V. Ramaswamy. The film stars Shankar Nag and Gayatri whilst Manjula, Shakti Prasad, and Sundar Krishna Urs appeared in special roles. The film was scripted by M. D. Sundar, photographed by Ishan Arya and had musical score by G. K. Venkatesh.

Ishan Arya
Ishan Arya (born Irshad Ahsan) was an Indian cinematographer, and producer, best known as co-producer and cinematographer of Art cinema classic Garm Hava (1973). After working in theatre and advertising, he made his debut with Garm Hava directed by M. S. Sathyu. After that he worked largely in South Indian cinema, especially Telugu, though he worked on two noted Hindi art films, Bazaar (1982) directed by Sagar Sarhadi and Anjuman (1986) directed by Muzaffar Ali. At the 23rd National Film Awards, he won the Best Cinematography Award for Telugu film, Mutyala Muggu (1975).
Puerto Balleto
Puerto Balleto is a town in the municipality of San Blas, Nayarit, located in Isla de María Madre, the largest of Islas Marías archipelago.

Puerto Balleto is also the main and largest settlement of the Islas Marías Federal Prison. Its population reaches up to 602 inhabitants and includes administrative offices and primary centers of commerce and recreation.

The penal colony is governed by a state official who is both the governor of the islands and the chief judge. The military command is independent of the government and is exercised by an officer of the Mexican Navy.

In 2023, Puerto Balleto was designated a Pueblo Mágico by the Mexican government, recognizing its cultural and historical importance.

Penal colony
A penal colony or exile colony is a settlement used to exile prisoners and separate them from the general population by placing them in a remote location, often an island or distant colonial territory. Although the term can be used to refer to a correctional facility located in a remote location, it is more commonly used to refer to communities of prisoners overseen by wardens or governors having absolute authority.

Historically, penal colonies have often been used for penal labour in an economically underdeveloped part of a state's (usually colonial) territories, and on a far larger scale than a prison farm.
Lucas Mario Horvat
Lucas Mario Horvat (born 13 October 1985), also known as Mario Lucas Horvat, is a footballer who plays as a midfielder for Austrian club SC Eibiswald. Born in Argentina, he represented Slovenia internationally.

NK IB 1975 Ljubljana
Nogometni klub IB 1975 Ljubljana, known simply as NK IB 1975 Ljubljana, is a Slovenian football club based in Ljubljana that competes in the Slovenian Third League, the third level of the Slovenian football system. They won the Slovenian Cup twice and the Slovenian Supercup once.
A. B. M. Taleb Ali
A B M Taleb Ali (died 7 May 2019) was a Bangladesh Awami League politician and academic. He was elected twice as a member of Jatiya Sangsad.

Ali was the founding headmaster of Bishnupur High School, which is situated in Feni District's Sonagazi Upazila. Besides he was the General Secretary and President of Feni Subdivision Teachers' Association.

Ali was elected as a member of East Pakistan Provincial Assembly in 1970. He was an organizer of Liberation War of Bangladesh. After liberation he was elected as a member of Jatiyo Sangsad in 1973 and 1979.

Ali died on 7 May 2019 at the age of 92.

Provincial Assembly of East Pakistan
The East Pakistan Provincial Assembly, known as the East Bengal Legislative Assembly between 1947 and 1955, was the provincial legislature of East Pakistan between 1947 and 1971. It was known as the East Bengal Assembly from 1947 to 1955 when the provincial name was changed. The legislature was a successor to the Bengal Legislative Council and the Bengal Legislative Assembly, which were divided between East Bengal and West Bengal during the partition of Bengal in 1947. It was the largest provincial legislature in Pakistan. Elections were held only twice in 1954 and 1970.

During the Bangladesh War of Independence in 1971, most Bengali members elected to the Pakistani National Assembly and the East Pakistani provincial assembly became members of the Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh.
Ousmane Niang
Ousmane Niang (born 10 April 1980) is a Senegalese sprinter who specialized in the 400 metres.

Niang finished eighth in 4 x 400 metres relay at the 1999 World Championships, together with teammates Assane Diallo, Ibou Faye and Ibrahima Wade.

1999 World Championships in Athletics
The 7th World Championships in Athletics (Spanish: Campeonato Mundial de Atletismo de 1999), a World Athletic Championships event held under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held at the Estadio Olímpico de Sevilla, Seville, Spain, between the August 20 and August 29.

One of the main highlights of the games was the world record set in the 400 metres by Michael Johnson of the United States in a time of 43.18 seconds.
Warm Springs, Arkansas
Warm Springs is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Randolph County, Arkansas, United States. Warm Springs is located on Arkansas Highway 251, 15.5 miles (24.9 km) north-northwest of Pocahontas. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 47.

Warm Springs has a ZIP Code of 72478, but does not have a post office nor a collection box.

Pocahontas, Arkansas
Pocahontas is a city in and the county seat of Randolph County, Arkansas, United States, along the Black River. As of the 2020 census, Pocahontas had a population of 7,371.

Pocahontas has a number of historic buildings, including the Old Randolph County Courthouse built in 1871, the St. Mary's AME Church, and the Pocahontas Colored School built in 1918, the latter of which is now home to the Eddie Mae Herron Center.
French Cable Hut
The French Cable Hut is a historic building in Cape Cod National Seashore, near the Nauset Beach Light in Eastham, Massachusetts.  Built in 1891, the hut formed a linkage point in the transatlantic telegraph cable of the French Cable Company connecting the cable, where it came ashore near the present site to its main station in Orleans.  After the cable was abandoned in 1932, the hut was adapted for residential use.  It has since been restored to its turn-of-the-century appearance by the National Park Service.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Orleans, Massachusetts
Orleans (/ɔːrˈliːnz/ or-LEENZ) is a town on Cape Cod in Massachusetts. The population was 6,307 at the 2020 census.

For geographic and demographic information on the census-designated place Orleans, please see the article Orleans CDP.
Lover of Lies
The Lover of Lies, also known as The Doubter or Philopseudes (Greek: Φιλοψευδὴς ἢ Ἀπιστῶν), is a frame story written by the Syrian satirist Lucian of Samosata. It is written in the Attic dialect of ancient Greek. It is primarily a work of satire making fun of people who believe in the supernatural. The book contains the earliest known version of the story of The Sorcerer's Apprentice.

Attic Greek
Attic Greek is the Greek dialect of the ancient region of Attica, including the polis of Athens. Often called Classical Greek, it was the prestige dialect of the Greek world for centuries and remains the standard form of the language that is taught to students of Ancient Greek. As the basis of the Hellenistic Koine, it is the most similar of the ancient dialects to later Greek. Attic is traditionally classified as a member or sister dialect of the Ionic branch.
Be Like Water
Be Like Water (2008) is a play written by Dan Kwong, originally produced at East West Players, in association with Cedar Grove OnStage.  The play received its world premiere in Los Angeles on September 17, 2008, directed by Chris Tashima, at East West Players' David Henry Hwang Theater at the Union Center for the Arts in Los Angeles.  The story follows a young Asian American girl in 1970s Chicago, who is visited by the Ghost of Bruce Lee.

Premiere
A premiere, also spelled première, (from French: première, 1re, transl. first, 1st) is the debut (first public presentation) of a work, i.e. play, film, dance, musical composition, or even a performer in that work.
Roger Sands
Sir Roger Blakemore Sands, KCB (6 May 1942 – 28 August 2025) was a British public servant who served as Clerk of the House of Commons from 2003 to 2006.

Sands attended University College School in Hampstead, followed by Oriel College, Oxford. He joined the House of Commons as a parliamentary clerk in 1965. In the 2006 Queen's Birthday Honours, Sands was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in recognition of his service as Clerk of the House and Chief Executive of the House of Commons. Sands died on 28 August 2025, at the age of 83.

House of Commons
The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the upper house of parliament, which is nominally superior. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons by convention becomes the prime minister. Other parliaments have also had a lower house called the "House of Commons".
Ariadna Tudel Cuberes
Ariadna Tudel Cuberes (born 17 November 1978) from Escaldes-Engordany is an Andorran road cyclist and ski mountaineer.

Tudel started ski mountaineering in 2004 and competed first in the Nocturna Pas de la Casa race in 2005.

As a cyclist she represented Andorra at the 2009 UCI Road World Championships in the women's road race and also at the 2010 UCI Road World Championships in the women's road race. She rode for the professional cycling team Bizkaia–Durango in 2010 and 2011.

2009 UCI Road World Championships – Women's road race
The women's road race of the 2009 UCI Road World Championships cycling event took place on 26 September in Mendrisio, Switzerland. The race was won by Italy's Tatiana Guderzo, followed by Marianne Vos (Netherlands) and Noemi Cantele (Italy).
Nicole Ameline
Nicole Ameline (born 4 July 1952) is a French politician, lawyer, diplomat and women's rights advocate. She served as a member of the National Assembly of France for several terms between 1991 and 2017, and held various roles in the Government of France from 1995; she was Minister of the Sea in 2002 and Minister of Gender Equality from 2002 to 2005. She has been a member of the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women since 2008 and was the committee's chairperson from 2013.

She represented the department of Calvados as a member of The Republicans.

Ameline also currently serves as the chair of the International Institute of Human Rights and Peace, Normandy.

Deputy (France)
Deputies (French: députés and députées, pronounced [depyte] ⓘ), also known in English as members of Parliament (MPs), are the legislators who sit in the National Assembly, the lower house of the French Parliament. The 17th and current legislature of the Fifth Republic has a total of 577 deputies, elected in 577 constituencies across metropolitan (539) and overseas France (27), as well as for French residents overseas (11).
German torpedo boat T25
The German torpedo boat T25 was one of fifteen Type 39 torpedo boats built for the Kriegsmarine (German Navy) during World War II. Completed in late 1942, she was transferred to France in July 1943. T25 was unsuccessfully attacked by Allied motor torpedo boats and aircraft during her voyage down the English Channel and then came to the aid of a convoy being attacked by Allied destroyers. Later that year she escorted blockade runners and Axis submarines through the Bay of Biscay. T25 also helped to lay minefields in the English Channel in mid-1943. She participated in the Battle of Sept-Îles in October and was sunk two months later by British light cruisers during the Battle of the Bay of Biscay.

Glossary of nautical terms (M–Z)
This glossary of nautical terms is an alphabetical listing of terms and expressions connected with ships, shipping, seamanship and navigation on water (mostly though not necessarily on the sea). Some remain current, while many date from the 17th to 19th centuries. The word nautical derives from the Latin nauticus, from Greek nautikos, from nautēs: "sailor", from naus: "ship".

Further information on nautical terminology may also be found at Nautical metaphors in English, and additional military terms are listed in the Multiservice tactical brevity code article. Terms used in other fields associated with bodies of water can be found at Glossary of fishery terms, Glossary of underwater diving terminology, Glossary of rowing terms, and Glossary of meteorology.
Ceryx (moth)
Ceryx is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. It was described by Hans Daniel Johan Wallengren in 1863.

The genus was circumscribed in 2022 such that it only contains Afro-tropical species; many former Ceryx species were transferred to the then-revalidated Agaphthora. These changes are not (yet) universally adopted and the list of species below does not reflect them.

Afrotropical realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region.
Chelsea on the Rocks
Chelsea on the Rocks is a documentary film directed by Abel Ferrara about the Hotel Chelsea. The film features Ferrara interviewing people who have and had lived at the hotel, intercut with dramatized footage of some famous events that took place there. During the film's interviews and docudrama Gaby Hoffmann, Ethan Hawke, Dennis Hopper, Robert Crumb, Adam Goldberg, Grace Jones, Miloš Forman, and Bijou Phillips make appearances.

The film premiered at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival out of competition, and opened in theatres on October 2, 2009.

2008 Cannes Film Festival
The 61st Annual Cannes Film Festival took place from 14 to 25 May 2008. American actor and filmmaker Sean Penn served as jury president for the main competition. French filmmaker Laurent Cantet won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film The Class.

The festival opened with Blindness by Fernando Meirelles and closed with What Just Happened by Barry Levinson. Édouard Baer was the master of ceremonies.

The British press reported the list of films in competition this year was notable for its absence of British films for the second successive year.
Anna Olsson (canoeist)
Anna Olsson (born 14 March 1964 in Timrå) is a Swedish sprint canoeist who competed from the mid-1980s to the early 2000s (decade). Competing in five Summer Olympics, she won four medals with one gold (1984: K-2 500 m), one silver (1984: K-4 500 m), and two bronzes (1992 and 1996: both K-4 500 m).

Olsson also won eight medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-2 500 m: 1993), three silvers (K-1 200 m: 1994, K-1 500 m: 1993, K-4 500 m: 1993) and four bronzes (K-1 200 m: 1995, K-2 500 m: 1991, K-4 200 m: 1995, K-4 500 m: 1994).

1994 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1994 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Mexico City, Mexico for the second time at neighboring Xochimilco. The Mexican city had hosted the event previously in 1974 at the same venue that hosted the canoeing and rowing competitions for the 1968 Summer Olympics.

The men's competition consisted of nine Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Six events were held for the women, all in kayak. The 10000 m events for men (Two canoe and three kayak) and 5000 m events for women (two in kayak) were dropped from the program (Three events at 5000 m (men's C-1, and men's and women's K-1) resumed at the 2010 championships.) and the 200 m events for C-1, C-2, and C-4 (men only), and K-1, K-2, and K-4 (both men and women) took their place. This represented the greatest change in the championships program since their reconstitution in 1950 following both World War II and the 1948 Summer Olympics.

This was the 26th championships in canoe sprint.
Damak Municipality
Damak (Nepali: दमक) is one of the oldest municipalities in Jhapa District of Koshi Province in eastern Nepal. It is situated between the Ratuwa River in the east and the Maawa River in the west. It has Sivalik Hills in its north and ends with the intersection of Ratuwa River and Maawa River in the south. Mahendra Highway, the longest highway of Nepal, bisects the municipality. It is the city in Jhapa District with a population of 107,410 in 2021.

Sivalik Hills
The Sivalik Hills, also known as Churia Hills, are a mountain range of the outer Himalayas.
The literal translation of "Sivalik" is 'tresses of Shiva'. The hills are known for their numerous fossils, and are also home to the Soanian Middle Paleolithic archaeological culture.