hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Llewelyn Lloyd (naturalist)
E. H. Llewelyn Lloyd (27 July 1792 – 17 February 1876), also published as Lewis Lloyd, was a Welsh amateur naturalist who lived for more than two decades in Sweden.

Lloyd first wrote Field Sports of the North of Europe: Comprised in a Personal Narrative of a Residence in Sweden and Norway, in the Years 1827–28 then other diaries and notes. He wrote mainly on Scandinavia's local customs, peasant life, and on nature - particularly ornithology and on the black wolf and wolf hunting.

Wolf hunting
Wolf hunting is the practice of hunting wolves. Wolves are mainly hunted for sport, for their skins, to protect livestock and, in some rare cases, to protect humans. Wolves have been actively hunted since 8,000 to 10,000 years ago, when they first began to pose a threat to livestock of Neolithic human communities. Historically, the hunting of wolves was a huge capital- and manpower-intensive operation. The threat wolves posed to both livestock and people was considered significant enough to warrant the conscription of whole villages under threat of punishment, despite the disruption of economic activities and reduced taxes. The hunting of gray wolves, while originally actively endorsed in many countries, has become a controversial issue across the globe. Some people see it as cruel, unnecessary and based on misconceptions, while proponents argue that it is vital for the conservation of game herds and as pest control.
Standard Fourteen
The Standard Fourteen is a British automobile produced by the Standard Motor Company from 1945 to 1948.

The Fourteen was offered as a four-door saloon on a 100-inch wheelbase with a 1,776 cc (108.4 cu in) side valve four-cylinder engine. Drophead coupe and estate car variants were also offered. The post-war model could be distinguished from its predecessor by a lack of bonnet louvres.

The Standard Fourteen was a modified prewar 12 hp car fitted with a 14 hp engine option. The engine and transmission from the Fourteen were also used in the Jaguar 1½ Litre (retrospectively known as the Jaguar Mk IV).

Press reports praised the economy, smooth running, roominess and finish of the Fourteen. Luggage was relegated to an external folding bumper carrier, which at the time was not unusual.

1948 Standard Fourteen saloon front view

1948 Standard Fourteen saloon rear view

Convertible
A convertible or cabriolet (/ˌkæbrioʊˈleɪ/) is a passenger car that can be driven with or without a roof in place. The methods of retracting and storing the roof vary across eras and manufacturers.

A convertible car's design allows an open-air driving experience, with the ability to provide a roof when required. A potential drawback of convertibles is their reduced structural rigidity (requiring significant engineering and modification to counteract the side effects of almost completely removing a car's roof).

The majority of convertible roofs are of a folding construction framework with the actual top made from cloth or other fabric. Other types of convertible roofs include retractable hardtops (often constructed from metal or plastic) and detachable hardtops (where a metal or plastic roof is manually removed and often stored in the trunk).
1988 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix was the only men's tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four Grand Slam tournaments, three World Championship Tennis tournaments and the Grand Prix tournaments.

Milan Šrejber
Milan Šrejber (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmɪlan ˈʃrɛjbr̩]) (born 30 December 1963) is a former tennis player from Czechoslovakia, who represented his native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. There he reached the semi-finals of the men's doubles competition, partnering Miloslav Mečíř. The pair was defeated by America's eventual winners Ken Flach and Robert Seguso, but still won the bronze medal. The right-hander won one career singles title (Rye Brook, 1988), and reached his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 23 in October 1986.

His best Grand Slam singles result came at 1986 US Open, where he reached the quarterfinals by defeating Jimmy Arias, Broderick Dyke, Jaime Yzaga and Todd Witsken, before losing to Boris Becker in straight sets.

Some of his best performances was in Davis Cup where he beat Andrei Cherkasov, Jakob Hlasek, Marc Rosset, Carl-Uwe Steeb, Mats Wilander
and Alexander Volkov .
Eric W. Benken
Eric W. Benken (born August 20, 1951) is a retired airman of the United States Air Force who served as the 12th Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force from 1996 to 1999. He was the last Vietnam War veteran to hold the position.

Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe
The Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) is the military headquarters of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) Allied Command Operations (ACO) that commands all NATO operations worldwide. SHAPE is situated in the village of Casteau, near Mons, Belgium.

ACO's and SHAPE's commander is titled Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR), and is always a U.S. four-star general officer or flag officer who also serves as Commander, U.S. European Command.

From 1951 to 2003, SHAPE was the headquarters of Allied Command Europe (ACE). Since 2003 SHAPE has been the headquarters of ACO, controlling NATO also outside Europe. Even though the geographical scope of its activities was extended, SHAPE retained its traditional name with reference to Europe.
Gerald Ellott
Gerald James Ellott MNZM (1926 - 6 December 2024) was a New Zealand architect and philatelist who signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1988. He was a past president of the Royal Philatelic Society of New Zealand, and a member of the Royal Institute of British Architects.

In the 2008 Queen's Birthday Honours, Ellott was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to philately. Ellott has been awarded the Fédération Internationale de Philatélie Research Medal.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
Left Alliance
The Left Alliance is the name of a number of left wing political parties:

Left Democratic Alliance in Bangladesh

Alliance of the Left in Spain.

Democratic Left Alliance (Poland) in Poland.

Left Alliance (Finland)

RISE – Scotland's Left Alliance

Left Alliance - UK, a grouping including the Union of Liberal Students and the Communist Party of Great Britain

Nordic Green Left Alliance, an alliance of Nordic left-wing parties

Left Alliance (Australia), an Australian student movement that flourished in the 1980s and 1990s

Leftist Alliance (Hungary), an alliance between Yes Solidarity for Hungary Movement and the Hungarian Workers' Party

Leftist Alliance

Union of Liberal Students
The Union of Liberal Students (ULS) was the English and Welsh student wing of the United Kingdom's Liberal Party.  The Scottish Liberal Party had a separate organisation, Scottish Liberal Students.

ULS was founded in 1920 as the Union of University Liberal Societies and merged with the student wing of the UK Social Democratic Party when the parent parties merged. Together with the party's youth wing, the National League of Young Liberals (NLYL or Young Liberals), the organisations made up the Young Liberal Movement. In 1990, the two organisations themselves merged to form Liberal Democrat Youth and Students (LDYS). In Spring 2008, it was renamed Liberal Youth, and in December 2016 as Young Liberals.

ULS was a member of both IFLRY and LYMEC.
Property Specification Language
Property Specification Language (PSL) is a temporal logic extending linear temporal logic with a range of operators for both ease of expression and enhancement of expressive power. PSL makes an extensive use of regular expressions and syntactic sugaring. It is widely used in the hardware design and verification industry, where formal verification tools (such as model checking) and/or  logic simulation tools are used to prove or refute that a given PSL formula holds on a given design.

PSL was initially developed by Accellera for specifying properties or assertions about hardware designs. Since September 2004 the standardization on the language has been done in IEEE 1850 working group. In September 2005, the IEEE 1850 Standard for Property Specification Language (PSL) was announced.

Logic simulation
Logic simulation is the use of simulation software to predict the behavior of digital circuits and hardware description languages. Simulation can be performed at varying degrees of physical abstraction, such as at the transistor level, gate level, register-transfer level (RTL), electronic system-level (ESL), or behavioral level.
Chestnut Hill (mountain)
Chestnut Hill (Paxinosa Ridge, College Hill, Lafayette Hill or Mount Lafayette) is a low mountain in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. The main peak rises to 722 feet (220 m), and is located in Forks Township; the southern slopes extend into the City of Easton where it is known as College Hill in allusion to Lafayette College. The neighborhood within Forks Township on the northern slopes of the mountain is known as Chestnut Hill.

Chestnut Hill overlooks the Delaware River, and, with Marble Mountain on the New Jersey side, forms Weygadt Gap or the "Little Water Gap". The cliff overlooking Weygadt Gap is known as St. Anthony's Nose. Chestnut Hill adjoins the Great Appalachian Valley to the north at Frost Hollow.

It is part of the Reading Prong of the Appalachian Mountains.

Great Appalachian Valley
The Great Appalachian Valley, also called The Great Valley or Great Valley Region, is one of the major landform features of eastern North America. It is a gigantic trough, including a chain of valley lowlands, and the central feature of the Appalachian Mountains system. The trough stretches about 1,200 miles (1,900 km) from Quebec in the north to Alabama in the south and has been an important north–south route of travel since prehistoric times.
Narrow Vein Mudstone Formation
The Narrow Vein Mudstone Formation (commonly known as the Narrow Vein) is an Ordovician lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in Mid Wales. The rock of the formation is silty, homogeneous or finely-laminated mudstone. It generally a medium blue colour. This formation has been commercially quarried as slate in several locations along its length. The formation is between 400 metres (1,300 ft) and 560 metres (1,840 ft) thick and runs from Dinas Mawddwy south-west to Cardigan Bay at Tywyn.

Tywyn
Tywyn (/ˈtaʊ.ɪn/; Welsh pronunciation: [ˈtəu̯ɨn]), formerly spelled Towyn, is a town, community, and seaside resort on the Cardigan Bay coast of southern Gwynedd, Wales. It was previously in the historic county of Merionethshire. It is famous as the location of the Cadfan Stone, a stone cross with the earliest known example of written Welsh, and the home of the Talyllyn Railway.
John J. Daley
John J. "Jack" Daley (June 21, 1923 – June 15, 2000) was an American high school teacher and politician from Vermont. A Democrat, he was most notable for his service as Mayor of  Rutland (1961–1965, 1981–1987), and lieutenant governor (1965–1969). In his later years, Daley served two terms in the Vermont House of Representatives (1991–1995).

Rutland (city), Vermont
Rutland is the only city in and the seat of Rutland County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 15,807. It is located approximately 65 miles (105 km) north of the Massachusetts state line, 35 miles (56 km) west of New Hampshire state line, and 20 miles (32 km) east of the New York state line. Rutland is the third largest city in the state of Vermont after Burlington and South Burlington. Rutland City is completely surrounded by Rutland Town, which is a separate municipality. The downtown area of the city is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.
Admont Abbey
Admont Abbey (German: Stift Admont, IPA: [ʃ͡tɪft ˈaːdˌmont]) is a Benedictine monastery located on the Enns River in the town of Admont, Styria, Austria. The oldest remaining monastery in Styria, Admont Abbey contains the largest monastic library in the world as well as a long-established scientific collection. It is known for its Baroque architecture, art, and manuscripts.

The abbey's location borders the mountainous Gesäuse National Park (the name Admont derives from the Latin expression "ad montes", which means "at the mountains").

Gesäuse National Park
Gesäuse National Park is a national park in the Austrian state of Styria. Located in the mountainous Upper Styrian region, it covers large parts of the Gesäuse range within the Ennstal Alps and the steep water gap of the Enns river between Admont and Hieflau. The area also covers parts of the municipal areas of Johnsbach, Weng, Landl, and Sankt Gallen.

The national park currently covers 110 km2 (42 sq mi), with another 15 km2 (5.8 sq mi) planned. It was established on 26 October 2002.

The highest mountain is Hochtor at 2,369 metres (7,772 ft).
Köttgrottorna
Köttgrottorna is a Swedish band formed in 1983 in the Stockholm suburb of Järfälla by Hans-Peter "Happy" Törnblom and Stefan "Mongo" Enger, who played together in the Swedish punk band the Incest Brothers, along with guitarist Thomas "Valen" Wahlström. Their music can be classified as punk or rock.  Köttgrottorna have produced ten studio albums, eight of which were released on the label Beat Butchers; this label is known for releasing albums in the trallpunk genre, including from Asta Kask.

Trallpunk
Trallpunk (Swedish; roughly translates to 'ditty punk' — see the Wiktionary entry) is a subgenre of punk music developed in Sweden.  It is known for its two-beat, fast drum tempos, a melodic sound with harmonized vocals, and politically oriented lyrics in Swedish. 
Generally, trallpunk music advocates for left wing political causes.  Asta Kask is considered to be one of the first trallpunk bands. During the 1990s, trallpunk saw increased popularity, particularly due to the club Kafé 44 in Stockholm and the band De Lyckliga Kompisarna (The Happy Friends).

Today, trallpunk is represented through bands such as Varnagel, Slutstation Tjernobyl, Greta Kassler, and De Lyckliga Kompisarna. Internationally, bands like Rasta Knast and Takahashi Gumi are examples.
2016 FIH Masters Hockey World Cup – Men's Over 50
The Men's Over 50 field hockey tournament was one of four men's competitions played at the 2016 FIH Masters Hockey World Cup.

England won the tournament after defeating Australia 3–1 in the final. New Zealand won the bronze medal by defeating Germany 3–0 in the third and fourth place playoff.

New Zealand men's national field hockey team
The New Zealand men's national field hockey team, also known as the Black Sticks Men, is the national team for men's field hockey of New Zealand, under the New Zealand Hockey Federation.

At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, they upset Australia to win gold, becoming the first non-Asian/European team to clinch the gold medal. They have also won silver and bronze at the 2002 and 2010 Commonwealth Games.
Yang di-Pertua Negeri
The Governor, officially Yang di-Pertua Negeri (Jawi: يڠ دڤرتوا نݢري‎, lit. 'He Who is Made Head of the State') is the constitutional head of the four Malaysian states without a ruler, namely Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak. This is in contrast with the ruler (Malay: Raja), who serves as the constitutional monarch and head of state in the nine Malay states. These rulers are the Sultans of Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Perak, Selangor and Terengganu; the Raja of Perlis; and the Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan.

Sultan of Perak
The Sultan of Perak (Malay: Sultan Perak, Jawi: سلطان ڤيراق) is the constitutional monarch and head of state of the Malaysian state of Perak. It is one of the oldest hereditary seats among the Malay states. The current Sultan of Perak, Sultan Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah, has been in office since 29 May 2014.

When the Malacca Sultanate fell to Portugal in 1511, Sultan Mahmud Shah retreated to Kampar, Sumatra, and died there in 1528. He left behind two princes, Alauddin Riayat Shah II and Muzaffar Shah. The former established the Sultanate of Johor. Muzaffar Shah was invited to rule Perak, of which he became the first sultan.
Longaví River
The Longaví River is a tributary of the Maule River, in the Province of Linares, Maule Region of Chile. The Longaví is 120 km long.

The Longaví (in mapudungun: "snake's head") rises in an Andean chain of north–south orientation at about 2,000 m of average altitude, but its main tributary, the Blanco river, drains the south-east slope of the 3,230 m snow-covered Nevado de Longaví (an extinct volcano), one of the landmarks of Linares province. The Bullileo and Digua dams are located in the upper watershed of Longaví river. From then, the river flows generally northwestwardly, passing near the town of Longaví until it meets the Perquilauquén river to form the Loncomilla River.

Maule Region
The Maule Region (Spanish: Región del Maule, pronounced [ˈmawle]) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. Its capital is Talca. The region derives its name from the Maule River which, running westward from the Andes, bisects the region and spans a basin of about 20,600 km2. The Maule river marked the southern limits of the Inca Empire.
Monaco at the 2026 Winter Olympics
Monaco competed at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, from 6 to 22 February 2026. The country's participation in the Games marked its twelfth appearance at the Winter Olympics since its debut in the 1984 Games.

The Monégasque team consisted of one male alpine skier. A volunteer carried the country's flag during the opening ceremony. Meanwhile, a volunteer was the country's flagbearer during the closing ceremony.

2026 Winter Olympics closing ceremony
The 2026 Winter Olympics closing ceremony took place on 22 February 2026. It started at 20:30 CET (19:30 UTC) and concluded at 23:00. It was held at the Verona Arena in Verona, Italy.

As mandated by the Olympic Charter, the proceedings combine the protocol-related and cultural segments. It is the first Olympics Games closing ceremony under the IOC presidency of Kirsty Coventry.

The city of Verona was chosen to host the ceremony, even though no events were scheduled to take place there: the intention was for this ceremony to be held in a setting reminiscent of the ancient Olympic Games. The ancient Roman amphitheater, that regularly hosts a famous open-air opera festival as well as other cultural events, will also host the opening ceremony of the 2026 Winter Paralympics on 6 March. The Teatro Filarmonico, an opera theatre in Verona, served as a secondary venue.
Hemanta (film)
Hemanta is a 2016 Indian Bengali-language drama thriller film directed by Anjan Dutt. It stars Parambrata Chatterjee in the role of the titular protagonist, with Jisshu Sengupta, Payel Sarkar, Gargi Roychowdhury, Saswata Chatterjee and Shantilal Mukherjee in other pivotal roles. The film is a modern-day adaptation of William Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet, from a West Bengal production house.

Gargi Roychowdhury
Gargee Roychowdhury is an Indian actress. She is known for her works in the Bengali film industry and the Bengali television industry. Gargee Roychowdhury began her career as a theatre artist, performing in the theatre group Uttaran and later Bohurupee. She has also been a newscaster and radio artist.
Masten Space Systems
Masten Space Systems was an aerospace manufacturer startup company in Mojave, California (formerly in Santa Clara, California) that was developing a line of vertical takeoff, vertical landing (VTVL) rockets, initially for uncrewed research sub-orbital spaceflights and eventually intended to support robotic orbital spaceflight launches.

In 2020, NASA awarded Masten a contract for a lunar lander mission; NASA was to pay Masten US$75.9 million for Masten to build and launch a lander called XL-1 to take NASA and other customer payloads to the south pole of the Moon. Masten Mission One would have been Masten's first space flight; it was scheduled for launch in November 2023.

The company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in July 2022, and was later acquired by Astrobotic Technology in September 2022. Its web url "masten.aero" is still active, and its operations continue as "Astrobotic's Propulsion and Test Department".

United Launch Alliance
United Launch Alliance, LLC (ULA) is an American launch service provider formed in December 2006 as a joint venture between Lockheed Martin Space and Boeing Defense, Space & Security. The company designs, assembles, sells and launches rockets. The company uses rocket engines, solid rocket boosters, and other components supplied by other companies.

When founded, the company inherited the Atlas V rocket from Lockheed Martin and the Delta rocket family from Boeing. As of 2024, the Delta family has been retired and the Atlas V is in the process of being retired. ULA began development of the Vulcan Centaur in 2014 as replacement for both the Atlas and Delta rocket families. The Vulcan Centaur completed its maiden flight in January 2024.

The primary customers of ULA are the Department of Defense (DoD) and NASA, but it also serves commercial clients.
Bhawani Sankar Biswas
Bhawani Sankar Biswas (1918 - 2011) was a Bangladeshi politician who advocated for the introduction of separate electorates for Hindus and a quota system for the Scheduled Castes. He served as a provincial minister of East Pakistan prior to the independence of Bangladesh.

Independence of Bangladesh
The independence of Bangladesh was declared from Pakistan on 26 March 1971, which is now celebrated as Independence Day. The Bangladesh Liberation War started on 26 March and lasted till 16 December 1971 which is celebrated as Victory Day in Bangladesh.
2022 BWF World Junior Championships – Boys' doubles
The boys' doubles of the tournament 2022 BWF World Junior Championships is an individual badminton tournament to crowned the best boys' doubles under 19 pair across the BWF associate members around the world. Players will compete to win the Eye Level Cup presented by the former BWF President and chairman of the World Youth Culture Foundation, Kang Young Joong. The tournament will be held from 24 to 30 October 2022 in the Palacio de Deportes de Santander, Spain. The defending champions were Leo Rolly Carnando and Daniel Marthin from Indonesia, but they were not eligible to participate this year.

Palacio de Deportes de Santander
Palacio de Deportes de Santander is an arena in Santander, Cantabria, Spain.  It is primarily used for basketball and handball.  The arena has 6,000 seats. It was opened in 2003 and designed by Julián Franco and José Manuel Palao.
43°28′32″N 3°47′45″W﻿ / ﻿43.475599°N 3.79593°W﻿ / 43.475599; -3.79593
Cemetery Road Bridge
Cemetery Road Bridge is a historic bridge located in Glendale Cemetery in Washington, Illinois. The double stone arch bridge is 27 feet (8.2 m) long and carries Cemetery Road across the south branch of Farm Creek. Engineer Frederick Rickman designed the bridge for the City of Washington in 1893, and it was built the following year by stonemason Jacob Habluetzel. Habluetzel built the bridge from square cut blocks of ashlar stone. The bridge is the best-preserved bridge of its type in Tazewell County and is the only stone arch bridge in the area that is still supported solely by its arches.

The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 20, 1998.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.