hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chemogram
A chemogram (from "chemistry", "optic" and gramma, Greek for "things written") is an experimental art where a photographic image is partly or fully enlarged and processed onto photographic paper in the darkroom and afterwards selectively painted over in full light with chemicals used in photographic processing. Due to the production process chemograms can be considered works of abstract photography.

Chemograms were invented in 1974 by the German photo artist Josef H. Neumann.

Hippolyte Bayard
Hippolyte Bayard (French pronunciation: [ipɔlit bajaʁ]; 20 January 1801 – 14 May 1887) was a French photographer and pioneer in the history of photography.  He invented his own process that produced direct positive paper prints in the camera and presented the world's first public exhibition of photographs on 24 June 1839.  He claimed to have invented photography earlier than Louis-Jacques Mandé Daguerre in France and William Henry Fox Talbot in England, the men traditionally credited with its invention.

Bayard experimented with the new medium taking photos of plant specimens, statuary (including posing with them for self-portraits), street scenes, urban landscapes, architectural photos, and portraits. He photographed prominent figures and an ordinary worker. He also advocated combination printing and was one of the founders of a photo society.
2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats women's basketball team
The 2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats women's basketball team represented University of Kentucky during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Wildcats, led by ninth year head coach Matthew Mitchell, played their home games at the Memorial Coliseum with two games at Rupp Arena and were members of the Southeastern Conference. They finished the season 25–8, 10–6 in SEC play to finish in a tie for fourth place. They advanced to the semifinals of the SEC women's tournament, where they lost to South Carolina. They received an at-large to the NCAA women's tournament, where they defeated UNC Asheville and Oklahoma in the first and second rounds before getting upset by Washington the sweet sixteen.

Memorial Coliseum (University of Kentucky)
Memorial Coliseum, coloquailly known as "The House That Rupp Built" and "Historic Memorial Coliseum", is a 6,250-seat multi-purpose arena in Lexington, Kentucky. The facility, which opened in 1950, is home to four women's teams at the University of Kentucky – basketball, volleyball, gymnastics, and stunt. Before Rupp Arena opened in 1976, it also housed the men's basketball team. Memorial Coliseum also housed the university's swimming and diving team prior to the 1989 completion of the Lancaster Aquatics Center.
Westward Ho! (1919 film)
Westward Ho! is a 1919 British silent historical adventure film directed by Percy Nash and starring Renee Kelly, Charles Quatermaine and Irene Rooke. It is an adaptation of the 1855 novel Westward Ho! by Charles Kingsley, set during the Spanish Armada (1588).

Westward Ho!
Westward Ho! is a seaside village near Bideford in Devon, England. The A39 road provides access from the towns of Barnstaple, Bideford, and Bude. It lies at the south end of Northam Burrows and faces westward into Bideford Bay, opposite Saunton Sands and Braunton Burrows. There is an electoral ward with the same name. The population at the 2011 census was 2,112.
Busan Tower
Busan Tower (Korean: 부산타워) is a 120-metre-high tower at Yongdusan Park, located in Jung District, Busan, South Korea.

It was built in 1973. It is only used for entertainment purposes and doesn't have any transmitting equipment. The deck features panoramic view and a small cafe, only accessible during working hours via two high-speed elevators. The base of the tower is interconnected with a few galleries and souvenir shops. The tower is usually mentioned in tourist guides as a good place to get a view of the city's port.

Port of Busan
The port of Busan  is the largest port in South Korea, located in the city of Busan, South Korea. Its location is known as Busan Harbour.

The port is ranked sixth in the world's container throughput and is the largest seaport in South Korea. The port is operated by the Busan Port Authority, which was founded in 2004 as a public company. In 2019, around 22 million TEU were handled at 10 container terminals in Busan.
Dickless
Dickless was a Seattle-based grunge band signed to Sub Pop records in 1990. Dickless is notable for their unique raspy/screamy vocal style.
During their first few years, their loud and abrasive sound was new and unusual for an all-female music group.  Simultaneously, their short discography included song titles and a song cover, "I'm a Man" by Bo Diddley, that were blatantly ironic given their abrasive sound and female members.  The band name itself is meant to be satire.
The group's period of activity coincided with the emerging "Riot grrrl" music culture.

Bo Diddley
Ellas Bates McDaniel (December 30, 1928 – June 2, 2008), known professionally as Bo Diddley, was an American guitarist, singer and songwriter who played a key role in the transition from the blues to rock and roll. He influenced many artists, including Buddy Holly, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Animals, George Thorogood, Syd Barrett, Tom Petty, and the Clash.

His use of African rhythms and a signature beat, a simple five-accent hambone rhythm, is a cornerstone of hip hop, rock, and pop music. In recognition of his achievements, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987, the Blues Hall of Fame in 2003, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2017. He received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Diddley is also recognized for his technical innovations, including his use of tremolo and reverb effects to enhance the sound of his distinctive rectangular guitars.
Jerzy Janiszewski
Jerzy Janiszewski (born 11 March 1952 in Płock) is a Polish artist, best known for designing the Solidarity logo in 1980.

He received a degree of Gdansk Academy of Fine Arts in 1976. His creations include logotypes, posters, scenographies and open-air installations.

Academy of Fine Arts, Gdańsk
The Academy of Fine Arts in Gdańsk (Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Gdańsku) was founded in 1945 in Sopot, Poland as the State Institute of Fine Arts, later renamed the State College of Fine Arts in Gdańsk. In 1954, the headquarters were moved from Sopot to Gdańsk, to the rebuilt Great Armoury. In 1968, the university gained a new, modernist wing designed by the university professor Ryszard Semka. Since 1996 it has had the status of an Academy of Fine Arts.

The Great Armoury (Wielka Zbrojownia) is in the centre of the city with two prominent towers. The academy’s art collection is displayed in the Gallery of the Small Lecture Theatre and is made up of the work of artists who have been or are connected with the academy.  Since 2017 there has also been a Design Gallery, in the English House.

It enrolls less than 1000 students.
Gleneagles Hotel Foursomes Tournament
The Gleneagles Hotel Foursomes Tournament was a pro-am golf tournament played at the Gleneagles Hotel, Auchterarder, Perthshire, Scotland. The event was held annually from 1953 to 1966. From 1953 to 1957 it was called the Gleneagles-Saxone Foursomes Tournament. Saxone was a Scottish footwear manufacturer.

Auchterarder
Auchterarder (/ɒxtərˈɑːrdər/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Uachdar Àrdair, meaning Upper Highland) is a town north of the Ochil Hills in Perth and Kinross, Scotland, and home to the Gleneagles Hotel. It is also once part of the historic county of Perthshire. The 1+1⁄2-mile-long (2.5-kilometre) High Street of Auchterarder gave the town its popular name of "The Lang Toun" or Long Town.

The modern town is a shopping destination with a variety of independent shops and cafes.
Daniel Yakopo
Daniel Rudolph Yakopo (born 29 June 1988), known as “Dan”, is an Rotuman Australians rugby union player. He played for the Australia 7sn sevens team and made his debut at the 2010 England Sevens where Australia defeated South Africa 7s in the final 19-14. Yakopo returned from injury to play at the 2012 Wellington Sevens. He is currently coach of the Carey Baptist Grammar School First XV, who won the premiership in 2016.

Yakopo played for the Parramatta Two Blues in the Shute Shield. He previously played for the Tuggeranong Vikings.

His father is Rotuman from Malhaha. He has four siblings; three sisters and a brother.

Yakopo is also the co-founder of emerging Australasian sports supplies and medical brand Vosota Med, together with his cousin Tomu Mataika.

Malhaha
Malhaha is one of the seven districts on the island of Rotuma, a dependency of Fiji. According to the 2017 census, the district had a population of 233 inhabitants.

It includes the villages of Pepheua, Elseʻe, and Elsio. It is here that Raho, the founder of Rotuma, established his residence.
Weber-OSCAR 18
Weber-OSCAR 18 (also called WeberSAT, Microsat 3 and WO-18) is an American amateur radio satellite.

The satellite was jointly developed, built by the Weber State College Center for Aerospace Technology  and AMSAT, and on January 22, 1990, as a secondary payload, along with the SPOT 2 Earth observation satellite with an Ariane 4 from the Guiana Space Centre, Kourou, French Guiana.

The satellite had an AX.25 digipeater with uplink in the 2-meter band and downlink in the 70-centimeter band, as well as a CCD camera for color images and a piezoelectric detector for micrometeorites.

It was in operation until 1998.

Charge-coupled device
A charge-coupled device (CCD) is an integrated circuit containing an array of linked, or coupled, capacitors. Under the control of an external circuit, each capacitor can transfer its electric charge to a neighboring capacitor. CCD sensors are a major technology used in digital imaging.
1990 Mieczysław Połukard Criterium of Polish Speedway Leagues Aces
The 9th Mieczysław Połukard Criterium of Polish Speedway League Aces was the 1990 version of the Mieczysław Połukard Criterium of Polish Speedway Leagues Aces. It took place on March 25 in the Polonia Stadium in Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Polonia Bydgoszcz
Polonia Bydgoszcz is a Polish sports club based in Bydgoszcz most known for its speedway team ŻKS Polonia Bydgoszcz which currently races in the 1. Liga. The club has won the Polish Speedway League Championship seven times, the latest in 2002, and European Team Championship three times, the latest in 2001. The club also has a football team that plays in the lower leagues, though it was more successful in the past and played in the Polish top division, plus several other departments: athletics, cycling and boccia.
Mount Maria
Mount Maria is a mountain of the Hornby Mountains, adjacent to Port Howard, on West Falkland island (Falkland Islands). It reaches a height of approximately 2,160 feet (660 m).

As one of the highest mountains of the Falklands, it experienced some glaciation. The handful of mountains over 2,000 feet (610 m) have:

pronounced corries with small glacial lakes at their bases, [and] morainic ridges deposited below the corries suggest that the glaciers and ice domes were confined to areas of maximum elevation with other parts of the islands experiencing a periglacial climate.

Glacier morphology
Glacier morphology, or the form a glacier takes, is influenced by temperature, precipitation, topography, and other factors. The goal of glacial morphology is to gain a better understanding of glaciated landscapes and the way they are shaped. Types of glaciers can range from massive ice sheets, such as the Greenland ice sheet, to small cirque glaciers found perched on mountain tops. Glaciers can be grouped into two main categories:

Ice flow is constrained by the underlying bedrock topography

Ice flow is unrestricted by surrounding topography
New York Cubans all-time roster
The following is the list of players on the New York Cubans all-time roster.  These are New York Cubans players who appeared in at least one game for the Cubans while they were based in Paterson, New Jersey or New York City from 1935 to 1936 and 1939 to 1950.

On-going research continuously discovers unreported or misreported games (and the affected players), while some games and players may be lost forever.  Therefore, some Negro league players' affiliations will likely remain incomplete and possibly disputed.

‡ Bold player inducted as a member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.

Paterson, New Jersey
Paterson (English pronunciation: /ˈpætɚsən/ ⓘ) is the largest city in and the county seat of Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, Paterson was the state's third-most-populous municipality, with a population of 159,732, an increase of 13,533 (+9.3%) from the 2010 census count of 146,199, which in turn reflected a decline of 3,023 (-2.0%) from the 149,222 counted in the 2000 census. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 156,452 for 2023, making it the 168th-most populous municipality in the nation.

A prominent mill town within the New York–New Jersey metropolitan area, Paterson has been known as Silk City for its once-dominant role in silk production during the latter half of 19th century. It has since evolved into a major destination for Hispanic immigrants as well as for immigrants from Turkey, the Arab world, and South Asia. Paterson has the nation's second-largest per capita Muslim population.
Lạng Giang district
Lạng Giang is a rural district of Bắc Giang province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. As of 2019 the district had a population of 216,996. The district covers an area of 246 km2. The district capital lies at Vôi.

District (Vietnam)
Districts (Vietnamese: huyện), also known as rural districts or counties, were one of several types of former second-tier administrative subdivisions of Vietnam, the other types being urban districts (Vietnamese: quận), provincial cities (thành phố trực thuộc tỉnh), municipal cities (thành phố thuộc thành phố trực thuộc trung ương), and district-level towns (thị xã). The districts were subdivisions of the first-tier divisions, namely the provinces and municipalities. Districts were subdivided into third-tier units, namely townships and communes.

Districts and the whole second-tier of administrative subdivisions of Vietnam were eliminated in 2025, following a major governmental reform.
Franz West
Franz West (16 February 1947 – 25 July 2012) was an Austrian artist.

He is best known for his unconventional objects and sculptures, installations and furniture work which often require an involvement of the audience.

Museum Ludwig
Museum Ludwig, located in Cologne, Germany, houses a collection of modern art. It includes works from Pop Art, Abstract and Surrealism, and has one of the largest Picasso collections in Europe. It holds many works by Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein.
Degtyarev
Degtyaryov or Degtyarev (masculine, Russian: Дегтярёв), or Degtyaryova (feminine, Russian: Дегтярёва):

David Degtyarev (born 1996), Kazakh Paralympic powerlifter

Grigoriy Degtyaryov (1958–2011), Russian decathlete

Igor Degtyaryov (b. 1976), Russian footballer

Stepan Degtyarev (1766–1813), Russian composer

Vasily Degtyarev (1880–1949), Russian weapons designer

Mikhail Degtyarev (b. 1981), Russian politician

Tamara Degtyaryova (1944–2018), Russian actress

Mikhail Degtyarev
Mikhail Vladimirovich Degtyarev (Russian: Михаи́л Влади́мирович Дегтярёв; born 10 July 1981) is a Russian politician serving as the Minister of Sport since May 2024. He was previously Governor of Khabarovsk Krai from September 2021 until 2024. He currently serves as the president of Russian Olympic Committee since December 2024.

He has been a member of the State Duma, representing the Liberal Democratic Party, since the 2011 parliamentary election. He is also Vice Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Science and High Technology. He is a member of the Supreme Council of the Liberal Democratic Party, and was a candidate for mayor of Moscow in the 2013 and 2018 elections.
Publications about disinformation
This list of Publications about disinformation includes books, magazines, academic journals, and other media within disinformation research whose primary focus is understanding, countering, and dealing with disinformation, misinformation, and related topics.

Frontline (American TV program)
Frontline (stylized in all capital letters) is an investigative documentary program distributed by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in the United States. Episodes are produced at WGBH in Boston, Massachusetts. The series has covered a variety of domestic and international issues, including terrorism, elections, environmental disasters, and other sociopolitical issues. Since its debut in 1983, Frontline has aired in the U.S. for 42 seasons, and has won critical acclaim and awards in broadcast journalism. Frontline has produced over 800 documentaries from both in-house and independent filmmakers, 200 of which are available online.
Kumylzhensky District
Kumylzhensky District (Russian: Кумылженский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kumylzhensky Municipal District. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,977 square kilometers (1,149 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Kumylzhenskaya. Population: 21,425 (2010 Census); 23,499 (2002 Census); 23,647 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kumylzhenskaya accounts for 37.1% of the district's total population.

Stanitsa
A stanitsa or stanitza (/stəˈniːtsə/ stə-NEET-sə; Russian: станица [stɐˈnʲitsə] ⓘ), also spelled stanytsia (Ukrainian: станиця [stɐˈnɪtsʲɐ]) or stanitsa (Belarusian: станіца [staˈnʲitsa]), was a historical administrative unit of a Cossack host, a type of Cossack polity that existed in the Russian Empire.
Nova (American TV program)
Nova (stylized as NOVΛ) is an American popular science television program produced by WGBH in Boston, Massachusetts, since 1974. It is broadcast on PBS in the United States, and in more than 100 other countries. The program has won many major television awards.

Nova often includes interviews with scientists doing research in the subject areas covered and occasionally includes footage of a particular discovery. Some episodes have focused on the history of science. Examples of topics covered include the following: 
Colditz Castle,
the Drake equation,
elementary particles,
the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens,
Fermat's Last Theorem,
the AIDS epidemic, 
global warming,
moissanite,
Project Jennifer,
storm chasing,
Unterseeboot 869,
Vinland,
Tarim mummies, 
and the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Nova programs have been praised for their pacing, writing, and editing. Websites that accompany the segments have also won awards.

Silicon carbide
Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum (/ˌkɑːrbəˈrʌndəm/), is a hard chemical compound containing silicon and carbon. A wide bandgap semiconductor, it occurs in nature as the extremely rare mineral moissanite, but has been mass-produced as a powder and crystal since 1893 for use as an abrasive. Grains of silicon carbide can be bonded together by sintering to form very hard ceramics that are widely used in applications requiring high endurance, such as car brakes, car clutches and ceramic plates in bulletproof vests. Large single crystals of silicon carbide can be grown by the Lely method and they can be cut into gems known as synthetic moissanite.

Electronic applications of silicon carbide such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and detectors in early radios were first demonstrated around 1907. SiC is used in semiconductor electronics devices that operate at high temperatures or high voltages, or both.
Marius Mason
Marius Mason (born on January 26, 1962) is an American anarchist who in 2009 was sentenced to 22 years in prison after admitting 13 counts of arson and property damage amounting to US$4 million. Mason, a member of the Earth Liberation Front, was prosecuted for a 1999 attack on a building at Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, that caused more than US$1 million in damage, undertaken as a protest against research into genetically modified crops. A further US$3 million in damage included attacks on homes under construction, and on boats owned by a mink farmer.

Supporters state that Mason's sentence represents a form of political repression, as part of the Green Scare phenomenon, when an overlong sentence is given to an individual who committed politically motivated crimes as a deterrent.

Around July 2014, Mason came out as a transgender man.

Property damage
Property damage (sometimes called damage to property) is the damage or destruction of real or tangible personal property, caused by negligence, willful destruction, or an act of nature. Destruction of property (sometimes called property destruction, or criminal damage in England and Wales) is a sub-type of property damage that involves damage to property that results from willful misconduct and is punishable as a crime.

Destruction of property encompasses vandalism (deliberate damage, destruction, or defacement), building implosion (destroying property with explosives), and arson (destroying property with fire), and similar crimes that involve unlawful infliction of damage to or destruction of personal property or real property.
Oregon's 59th House district
District 59 of the Oregon House of Representatives is one of 60 House legislative districts in the state of Oregon. As of 2021, the boundary for the district contains all of Crook and portions of Deschutes and Jefferson counties. The district is anchored by the population centers of Madras and Prineville as well as parts of Bend and Redmond. The current representative for the district is Republican Vikki Breese-Iverson of Prineville.

Redmond, Oregon
Redmond is a city in Deschutes County, Oregon, United States. The population was 33,274 at the 2020 census, and according to 2023 census estimates, the city is estimated to have a population of 37,009.

The city is on the eastern side of Oregon's Cascade Range, in the High Desert in Central Oregon. From Redmond there is access to recreational opportunities.  Redmond is a full-service municipality and one of the fastest-growing industrial and residential communities in Oregon.
Janneke Parrish
Janneke Parrish (born 1990 or 1991) is an American program manager and workers' rights activist living in the Netherlands known for being a leader of the #AppleToo movement. Parrish was fired in 2021 for interfering with an investigation into a leak; in 2025, the National Labor Relations Board dismissed charges against Apple that Parrish had been fired illegally.

Medium (website)
Medium is an American online publishing platform for written content such as articles and blogs, developed by Evan Williams and launched in August 2012. It is owned by A Medium Corporation. The platform is an example of social journalism, having a hybrid collection of amateur and professional people and publications, or exclusive blogs or publishers on Medium, and is regularly regarded as a blog host.

Williams, who previously co-founded Blogger and Twitter, initially developed Medium as a means to publish writings and documents longer than Twitter's then 140-character maximum.

In March 2021, Medium announced a change in its publishing strategy and business model, reducing its own publications and increasing support of independent writers.
Xylouris
Xylouris,  Xilouris is a Greek surname Ξυλούρης. Notable people with the surname include:

Giorgos Xylouris (born 1965), Greek musician

Nikos Xylouris (1936–1980), Greek composer

Nikos Xylouris (swimmer) (born 1982), Greek swimmer

Nikos Xilouris
Nikos Xylouris (Greek: Νίκος Ξυλούρης; 7 July 1936 – 8 February 1980), also known as Psaronikos (Ψαρονίκος), was a Greek singer, Cretan lyra player, and songwriter who performed both Cretan rural traditional and urban orchestral music arrangements.