hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1990 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 4
The 1990 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group 4 was a UEFA qualifying group for the 1990 FIFA World Cup. The group comprised Finland, European champions the Netherlands, Wales and West Germany.

The group was won by the Netherlands, who qualified for the 1990 FIFA World Cup. West Germany also qualified as one of the best runners-up.

Finland national football team
The Finland national football team (Finnish: Suomen jalkapallomaajoukkue, Swedish: Finlands fotbollslandslag) represents Finland in men's international football competitions and is controlled by the Football Association of Finland, the governing body for football in Finland, which was founded in 1907. The team has been a member of FIFA since 1908 and a UEFA member since 1957.

Finland had never qualified for a major tournament until securing a spot at UEFA Euro 2020. After decades of average results and campaigns, the nation made progress in the 2000s, achieving notable results against established European teams and reaching a peak of 33rd in the FIFA World Rankings in 2007. Afterward, their performances and results declined, drawing them to their all-time low of 110th in the FIFA Rankings in 2017. Seven years after their all-time low in the FIFA Rankings, as of October 2025, they sit at 72nd place in the overall ranking.
Itaquera (district of São Paulo)
Itaquera is a district in the subprefecture of Itaquera of the city and prefecture of São Paulo in Brazil.

The population of the District in 2010 was 204,871.

The name in Tupi means "hard stone", "insensitive stone" or "rest stone".

Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos
The Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos (CPTM) (lit. 'São Paulo Metropolitan Trains Company') is one of the rapid transit companies serving the city of São Paulo, alongside the São Paulo Metro, ViaQuatro and ViaMobilidade, all four forming the largest metropolitan rail transport network of Latin America. It was created on 28 May 1992, from several railroads that already existed in Greater São Paulo, Brazil.

Part of the Greater São Paulo rail system, the CPTM currently operates 57 stations in five lines, with a total length of 199 kilometres (124 mi). The system carries about 2 million passengers a day. On 7 December 2018, CPTM set a weekday ridership record with 3,221,035 trips.
Black Hills Estate Winery
Black Hills Estate Winery is a wine grower and producer based in Oliver, British Columbia, Canada, in the Okanagan Valley wine region. The vineyard, winery, and tasting room is situated on Black Sage Road and they produce wine exclusively from its estate vineyard.

Winery
A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the cultivation and production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, bottling lines, laboratories, and large expanses of tanks known as tank farms. Wineries may have existed as long as 8,000 years ago.
Harika
Harika is a female given name of Arabic origin, meaning wonderful, excellent or beautiful. It is used in Turkey, and also in India. Notable people with the given name include:

Harika Dronavalli (born 1991), Indian chess player

Harika Veludurthi (born 1998), Indian badminton player

Harika Dronavalli
Harika Dronavalli (born 12 January 1991) is an Indian chess grandmaster. She was part of the gold winning women's team at the 45th Chess Olympiad in 2024. She has won three bronze medals in the Women's World Chess Championship, in 2012, 2015 and 2017. Harika was honored with the Arjuna Award for the year 2007–08 by the government of India. In 2016, she won the FIDE Women's Grand Prix event at Chengdu, China and rose up from world no. 11 to world no. 5 in FIDE women's ranking. In 2019, she was awarded the Padma Shri for her contributions towards the field of sports.
Thorne–Hawking–Preskill bet
The Thorne–Hawking–Preskill bet was a public bet on the outcome of the black hole information paradox made in 1997 by physics theorists Kip Thorne and Stephen Hawking on the one side, and John Preskill on the other, according to the document they signed 6 February 1997, as shown in Hawking's 2001 book The Universe in a Nutshell.

Kip Thorne
Kip Stephen Thorne (born June 1, 1940) is an American astrophysicist and author. He shared the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics with Rainer Weiss and Barry C. Barish "for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves".

With John A. Wheeler and Charles Misner, he coauthored the general relativity textbook Gravitation. He has also written popular science, notably Black Holes and Time Warps.

Thorne was the Richard P. Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics at  Caltech from 1991 until 2009. A longtime friend and colleague of Stephen Hawking and Carl Sagan, he advised Sagan on the physics of wormholes for his novel  Contact. He was a scientific consultant for Christopher Nolan's films Interstellar and Tenet. He received the 2018 Lewis Thomas Prize for science writing.
Vic (film)
Vic is a 2006 American short film drama. It is the directorial debut of Sage Stallone. The film stars Clu Gulager, Tom Gulager and Miriam Byrd-Nethery with cameos by Carol Lynley, John LaZar, and John Phillip Law. Stallone won the 2006 Boston Film Festival “Best New Filmmaker” award for the film. The film had its world premiere at the 2006 Palm Springs International Festival of Short Films, where the cast and filmmakers were in attendance.

Boston Film Festival
Boston Film Festival (BFF) is an annual film festival held in Boston in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It has been held annually since 1984, usually in early September.

The Boston Film Festival premiered such notable films as The Last Kiss, A Guide to Recognizing Your Saints, Renaissance, Deliver Us From Evil, Jesus Camp, The Ground Truth, The US vs. John Lennon, A Desperate Crossing, Kiss Kiss Bang Bang, Prime, North Country, and How to Start a Revolution.
Eric P. Whitaker
Eric Paul Whitaker (born January 24, 1957) is an American diplomat and career member of the Senior Foreign Service who served as the United States Ambassador to Niger from 2018 to 2021. He was sworn in on December 15, 2017 and presented his credentials to President Mahamadou Issoufou on January 26, 2018. He left office on December 1, 2021.

Mahamadou Issoufou
Mahamadou Issoufou (born 1 January 1952) is a Nigerien politician who served as the president of Niger from 7 April 2011 to 2 April 2021. Issoufou was the prime minister of Niger from 1993 to 1994, president of the National Assembly from 1995 to 1996, and a candidate in each presidential election from 1993 to 2016. He led the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS-Tarayya), a social democratic party, from its foundation in 1990 until his election as president in 2011. During the presidency of Mamadou Tandja (1999–2010), Issoufou was the main opposition leader.

Having left power by respecting the constitution that limited him to two presidential terms, thus leading to the first ever democratic transition of power in the country, in March 2021 he received the Ibrahim Prize for good governance, democratic election and respect of term limits.
Roy Hawkins
Roy Theodore Hawkins (February 7, 1903 – March 19, 1974) was an American blues singer, pianist, and songwriter. After working in clubs, he broke through with his 1950 song "Why Do Things Happen to Me" inspired by an auto accident which paralyzed his right arm.   Several of his songs, most notably "The Thrill Is Gone", were covered by later artists, including Ray Charles, B.B. King, and James Brown.

Paralysis
Paralysis (pl.: paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles. Paralysis can also be accompanied by a loss of feeling (sensory loss) in the affected area if there is sensory damage. In the United States, roughly 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed with some form of permanent or transient paralysis. The word "paralysis" derives from the Greek παράλυσις, meaning "disabling of the nerves" from παρά (para) meaning "beside, by" and λύσις (lysis) meaning "making loose". A paralysis accompanied by involuntary tremors is usually called "palsy".
National Palace
Buildings called National Palace include:

National Palace (Dominican Republic), in Santo Domingo

National Palace (El Salvador), in San Salvador

National Palace (Ethiopia), in Addis Ababa; also known as the Jubilee Palace

National Palace (Guatemala), in Guatemala City

National Palace (Haiti), in Port-au-Prince

National Palace (Nicaragua), in Managua

National Palace (Mexico), in Mexico City

National Palace Museum in Taipei, Taiwan (Republic of China)

Palau Nacional (en: National Palace), in Barcelona, Spain

National Youth and Children's Palace (Sometimes referred as National Palace), in Tbilisi

In Portugal:

Ajuda National Palace, in Lisbon

Mafra National Palace, in Mafra

Pena National Palace, in Sintra

Sintra National Palace, in Sintra

Queluz National Palace, in Queluz

National Palace (Haiti)
The National Palace (French: Palais national; Haitian Creole: Palè nasyonal) was the official residence of the president of Haiti, located in the capital Port-au-Prince, facing Place L'Ouverture near the Champs de Mars. It was severely damaged during the 2010 Haiti earthquake. The ruins of the building were demolished in 2012 under the Martelly administration, and plans to rebuild the palace were announced by then-president Jovenel Moïse in 2017, but construction has not begun as of 2026. The palace's grounds and ancillary buildings have nonetheless remained a center of governmental administration.
Chaturdasha Temple
Chaturdasha Temple is a Hindu temple in Agartala, Tripura, India, and features the Tripuri dome patterned after the roofs of village huts in Tripura. The dome is surmounted by a stupa-like structure which reveals traces of Buddhist influence. This temple was built in honour of fourteen deities, together called the Chaturdasha Devata. Devotees visit the temple for the kharchi festival.

It was built by King Krishna Manikya of Tripura in 1760, when Agartala became the capital city.

In May 2023, the Tripura government began refurbishing the temple and capital complex.

Agartala
Agartala (/əˈɡɑːrtələ/, Bengali: [ˈagɔɾˌtɔla] ⓘ, Kok Borok: [aguli]) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Tripura, situated on the banks of Haora/Saidra River, about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) east of the border with Bangladesh and about 2,499 km (1,552 mi) from the national capital, New Delhi. According to 2022 AMC data, Agartala is the second most populous city after Guwahati in Northeast India. It is India's third international internet gateway and being developed under the Smart Cities Mission.
Chino mine
The Chino Mine ("Chino" is Spanish for the "Chinese"), also known as the Santa Rita mine or Santa Rita del Cobre, is an American open-pit porphyry copper mine located in the town of Santa Rita, New Mexico 15 miles (24 km) east of Silver City. The mine was started as the Chino Copper Company in 1909 by mining engineer John M. Sully and Spencer Penrose, and is currently owned and operated by Freeport-McMoRan Inc. subsidiaries. The area where the mine is located is at an average elevation of 5,699 feet (1,737 m).

Apaches, Spaniards, Mexicans, and Americans have all obtained native copper and copper ore from this site. The present-day open-pit mining operation was begun in 1910. It is the third oldest active open pit copper mine in the world after the Bingham Canyon Mine and Chuquicamata.

Spencer Penrose
Spencer Penrose (November 2, 1865 – December 7, 1939) was an American entrepreneur and philanthropist. He made his fortune from mining, ore processing, and real estate speculation in Colorado and other parts of the West. He founded the Utah Copper Company in 1903, and also established mining operations in Arizona, New Mexico and Nevada.

He settled with his fortune in Colorado Springs, Colorado, where he and partner Charles L. Tutt had a road constructed to the top of Pikes Peak. They initiated an annual motor car race to the top. In 1918 Penrose opened an opulent resort hotel known as The Broadmoor, built outside the city which was a "dry" community. In 1937 he and his wife Julie established the El Pomar Foundation, to support activities to improve Colorado. In 2001, Penrose was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.
Aquí Estoy Yo
"Aquí Estoy Yo" (transl. "Here I Am") is a song written by Luis Fonsi, Claudia Brant and Gen Rubin; it was produced by Luis Fonsi and Sebastián Krys for Fonsi's seventh studio album Palabras del Silencio (2008), and it is performed by Luis Fonsi, Aleks Syntek, David Bisbal, and Noel Schajris.

It was released as the second single from Fonsi's album on January 12, 2009, and became his sixth number-one single on the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart, the second number-one single for David Bisbal on the same chart, and the first for Aleks Syntek and Noel Schajris (as a solo performer).

Sebastian Krys
Sebastian Krys (born November 11, 1970) is an Argentine-born American audio engineer, record producer and radio personality. A six-time Grammy and 13-time Latin Grammy winner, Krys has worked with many Spanish language pop and rock artists such as Percance, Sergio Dalma, Eros Ramazzotti, Sandy & Junior, Gloria Estefan, Carlos Vives, Shakira, Alejandro Sanz, Luis Fonsi, Vega, Kinky, Los Rabanes, Obie Bermúdez, Ricky Martin, Marc Anthony, Lori Meyers, Fangoria, La Santa Cecilia and Will Smith.
Revolutionary nationalism
Revolutionary nationalism is a name that has been applied to the political philosophy of many different types of nationalist political movements that wish to achieve their goals through a revolution against the established order. Individuals and organizations described as being revolutionary nationalist include some political currents within the French Revolution, Irish republicans engaged in armed struggle against the British crown, the Cần Vương movement against French rule in Vietnam, the Indian independence movement in the 20th century, some participants in the Mexican Revolution, Benito Mussolini and the Italian Fascists, the Autonomous Government of Khorasan in 1920s Iran, Augusto Cesar Sandino, the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement in Bolivia, black nationalism in the United States, and some African independence movements.

Status quo
Status quo is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs, particularly with regard to social, economic, legal, environmental, political, religious, scientific or military issues. In the sociological sense, the status quo refers to the current state of social structure or values. With regard to policy debate, it means how conditions are contrasted with a possible change. For example: "The countries are now trying to maintain the status quo with regard to their nuclear arsenals." To maintain the status quo is to keep things the way they presently are.

The related phrase status quo ante, literally 'the status before', refers to the state of affairs that existed previously.
Kālua
Kālua (Hawaiian: [kaːˈlu.a]) is a traditional Hawaiian cooking method that utilizes an imu, a type of underground oven. The word "kālua" ("to cook in an underground oven" in the Hawaiian language) may also be used to describe the food cooked in this manner, such as kālua pig or kālua turkey, which are commonly served at lūʻau feasts. The word lūʻau is the Hawaiian name for the taro leaf, which, when young and small resembles cooked spinach after being steamed for a few hours. The traditional lūʻau was eaten on the floor over lauhala mats (leaves of the hala tree woven together).

Pandanus tectorius
Pandanus tectorius is a species of Pandanus (screwpine) that is native to Malesia, Papuasia, eastern Australia, and the Pacific Islands. It grows in the coastal lowlands typically near the edge of the ocean. Common names in English include thatch screwpine, Tahitian screwpine, hala tree (pū hala in Hawaiian) and pandanus. The fruit is edible and sometimes known as hala fruit.
Edward Wallace
Edward Test Wallace was a veteran of the Mexican–American War. He was also a participant in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–1865). Before the war he lived for a time in Mattoon, Illinois where he worked as a tinner at a hardware store. At the outset of the civil war, Wallace was captain in the 11th Indiana Infantry Regiment. Later, he was acting aid for his brother, General Lew Wallace at the Battle of Shiloh and later as Volunteer Aide-de-Camp for his brother at the defense of Cincinnati, Ohio. At the end of the war he was a captain in the Veteran Reserve Corps.

Wallace died in Brownwood, Texas in December 1885. His death from pneumonia came at the age of 58. Edward had been a resident of Brownwood for eleven years. Later in life he was an alcoholic. He was initially buried at Round Mountain Cemetery.

Colonel Wallace was a brother of General Lew Wallace and a son of Governor David Wallace of Indiana.

American Civil War portal

Mattoon, Illinois
Mattoon (/ˈmæt.tun/ MAT-toon) is a city in Coles County, Illinois, United States. The population was 16,870 as of the 2020 census. The city is home to Lake Land College and has close ties with its neighbor, Charleston. Both are principal cities of the Charleston–Mattoon Micropolitan Statistical Area. The town is home to the "original" Burger King.
2013 All-Pac-12 Conference football team
The 2013 All-Pac-12 Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Pac-12 honors for the 2013 Pac-12 season. The Stanford Cardinal won the conference, defeating the Arizona State Sun Devils 38 to 14 in the Pac-12 Championship game. Stanford then lost to the Big Ten champion Michigan State Spartans in the Rose Bowl 20 to 14. Arizona running back Ka'Deem Carey was voted Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Year. Arizona State defensive tackle Will Sutton was voted Pat Tillman Pac-12 Defensive Player of the Year.

2013 Pac-12 Conference football season
The 2013 Pac-12 Conference football season began on August 29, 2013 with USC at Hawaii. The conference's first game was played on September 7, 2013 with Washington State winning over USC, and the final game was the Pac-12 Championship Game on December 7, 2013. This is the third season for the conference as a 12-team league. The Sagarin Ratings had the Pac-12 as the best conference in the nation top to bottom in the final rating of the season.
Lebedev (crater)
Lebedev is a crater on the far side of the Moon. It is named after Russian Physicist Pyotr Lebedev. It is located at the eastern edge of the irregular feature known as Mare Australe. The crater lies to the southeast of the larger, flooded Lamb, and to the east-northeast of Anuchin. To the southeast of Lebedev lies the smaller crater Cassegrain.

This is a worn and eroded crater formation with an uneven outer rim, although no significant impacts overlay the rim edge. There are a few small craterlets along the inner wall, with a pair along the southeast and another to the southwest. The most distinctive feature about this crater, however, is the dark, lava-flooded interior. This surface is pitted with many tiny craterlets and has a low ridge in the southern half, but is otherwise level and nearly featureless.

Mare Australe
Mare Australe /ɔːˈstreɪliː/ (Latin austrāle the "Southern Sea") is a lunar mare located in the southeastern hemisphere of the Moon. It is 997 kilometers in diameter, overlapping the near and far sides of the Moon.  Smooth, dark volcanic basalt lines the bottom of the mare. The Australe basin was formed in the Pre-Nectarian epoch, while the mare material inside formed in the Upper Imbrian epoch. The basin was almost completely destroyed by impacts prior to the appearance of the mare.

Unlike most of the lunar maria, Mare Australe has an uneven surface that is marked by a number of crater impacts. Examples of these include the craters Jenner and Lamb, which are flooded with basaltic lava much like many of the other crater features in this mare. The selenographic coordinates of this mare are 38.9° S, 93.0° E. The eastern half of the mare lies on the far side of the Moon, although it can be viewed in its entirety during periods of favorable libration.
Colombo North Electoral District
Colombo North electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and February 1989. The district was named after the city of Colombo in Colombo District, Western Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Colombo North electoral district was replaced by the Colombo multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the PR system, though Colombo North continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district.

Colombo District
Colombo District (Sinhala: කොළඹ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය kol̠am̆ba distrikkaya; Tamil: கொழும்பு மாவட்டம் Koḻumpu Māvaṭṭam) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Colombo. The district of Colombo was officially recorded in 2016 as having the highest income on average, per household. There are smaller places like Kottawa
Hunter Rouse
Hunter Rouse (March 29, 1906 – October 16, 1996) was a hydraulician known for his research on the mechanics of fluid turbulence.

Rouse was a faculty member at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, from 1929 until 1933, when he moved to Columbia University.  He was at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena (1936–1939), and in 1939 he joined the staff of the University of Iowa, Iowa City, where he was dean of the college of engineering from 1966 to 1972.  His work includes hydraulic studies of similitude, efflux and overflow, jet diffusion, boundary roughness, and sediment suspension.

Among his written works are Fluid Mechanics for Hydraulic Engineers (1938), Elementary Mechanics of Fluids (1946), Basic Mechanics of Fluids (1953), and History of Hydraulics (1957).

Hunter's eldest son Richard Rouse is one of the world's foremost specialists in Western European History in the Middle Ages.

Flux
Flux describes any effect that appears to pass or travel (whether it actually moves or not) through a surface or substance. Flux is a concept in applied mathematics and vector calculus which has many applications in physics.  For transport phenomena, flux is a vector quantity, describing the magnitude and direction of the flow of a substance or property. In vector calculus, flux is a scalar quantity, defined as the surface integral of the perpendicular component of a vector field over a surface.
Harrat Khaybar
Ḥarrat Khaybar (Arabic: حَرَّة خَيْبَر) is a volcanic field located north of Medina in the Hejaz, Saudi Arabia. It covers an area approximately 12,000 km2 (4,600 sq mi). The most recent eruption occurred between 600 and 700 AD. Man-made stone structures dating to the Neolithic period have been studied in Harrat Khaybar.

Volcanic field
A volcanic field is an area of Earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. The type and number of volcanoes required to be called a "field" is not well-defined. Volcanic fields usually consist of clusters of up to 100 volcanoes such as cinder cones. Lava flows may also occur. They may occur as a monogenetic volcanic field or a polygenetic volcanic field.