hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Red envelope
A red envelope, red packet, red pocket, lai see (Chinese: 利是; Cantonese Yale: laih sih), hongbao or ang pau (traditional Chinese: 紅包; simplified Chinese: 红包; pinyin: hóngbāo; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âng-pau) is a gift of money given during holidays or for special occasions such as weddings, graduations, and birthdays. It originated in China before spreading across parts of Southeast Asia and other countries with sizable ethnic Chinese populations.

In the mid-2010s, a digital equivalent to the practice emerged within messaging apps with mobile wallet systems localized for the Chinese New Year, particularly WeChat.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Drunken Creek
Drunken Creek is a stream in eastern Bollinger County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Hog Creek.

The stream headwaters arise adjacent to Missouri Route B about three miles northeast of Marble Hill. The stream flows south to south-southeast and crosses under Missouri Route 34 east of Marble Hill then turns southeast passing under Route U to its confluence with Hog Creek about 1.5 miles north of Laflin. The source area is at 37°20′42″N 89°55′50″W﻿ / ﻿37.34500°N 89.93056°W﻿ / 37.34500; -89.93056 and the confluence is at 37°18′00″N 89°53′08″W﻿ / ﻿37.30000°N 89.88556°W﻿ / 37.30000; -89.88556.

Drunken Creek most likely was so named on account of frequent flash flooding, although folk etymology maintains the creek was named for an incident when a man drowned in the creek while drunk.

Marble Hill, Missouri
Marble Hill is a fourth-class city in central Bollinger County in Southeast Missouri, United States. It is well known for its yearly cooking competition located at the park. Located at the intersection of State Highways 34 and 51, it is the largest city in Bollinger and serves as the county seat. The population was 1,388 at the 2020 census. The city was officially organized in July 1851 and is named after the marble-like rock, limestone, formations found in the area.

Marble Hill is part of the Cape Girardeau−Jackson, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
2006 Liga Indonesia Premier Division
The 2006 Liga Indonesia Premier Division (also known as the Liga Djarum Indonesia for sponsorship reasons) was the 12th season of the Liga Indonesia Premier Division, the top Indonesian professional league for association football clubs.

Due to the effects of the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake, PSSI and league organizers announced, in a controversial decision, that no teams would be relegated during the season. This was meant to protect PSIM Yogyakarta and PSS Sleman, who withdrew from competition and thus forfeited their remaining matches due to the earthquake.

Indonesian football league system
The Indonesian football league system is a series of league system for association football clubs in Indonesia. Since 1994, Liga Indonesia is the league competition featuring association football clubs, as a result of two existing top-flight football leagues merger: Perserikatan (amateur) and Galatama (semi professional). Liga Indonesia is managed by PSSI, the Indonesian national football federation, and operated by I-League and its previous iterations (Badan Liga Indonesia (BLI) from 1994–2008, PT Liga Indonesia (PT. LI) from 2008–2015, PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo (PT. LPIS) from 2011–2013 (Dualism Competition Operator), PT Gelora Trisula Semesta (PT. GTS) from 2016 (Unofficial Competition Operator) and PT Liga Indonesia Baru (PT. LIB) from 2017–2025).

There are four levels of competition in the hierarchy recently. The top two tiers are professional competitions, the third tier is semi-professional, and the fourth tier is amateur.
Informatics Education
Informatics Education or Informatics Group (also called Informatics International College, Informatics College, Informatics Institute, or simply Informatics) is an educational institution that caters mainly to students who wants to study Information Technology (IT) related courses. Informatics is also engaged as a franchisee and licensee for both computer and commercial training centers. It also facilitates examination, and operates through higher education and corporate training segments.

Educational institution
An educational institution is a place where people of different ages gain an education, including preschools, childcare, primary-elementary schools, secondary-high schools, and universities.  They provide a large variety of learning environments and learning spaces.
Saarang
Saarang (meaning 'Chital' or Spotted Deer in Sanskrit, a common sight on IIT Madras campus) is the annual social and cultural festival of IIT Madras. It is a 5-day long festival usually in the second week of the year. Founded in 1974, Saarang is the second oldest college festival in India. It was started in the name of 'Mardi Gras' with a small number of quizzes and music events. It adopted the name 'Saarang' and grew with the help of corporate sponsorship, collaboration with large-scale event organizers and international artists.

Saarang is a not-for-profit, entirely student-run, ISO 9001:2015 organization. All organizing members of the festival are current students of IIT Madras. 450 coordinators are organized as per function, in 12 departments, each headed by a 'core coordinator'. The 12 departments are led by the 2 cultural secretaries, who are elected by the institute annually in March.

IIT Madras
The Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras or IITM) is a public institute of technology located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Along with being recognized as an Institute of Eminence, IIT Madras is widely regarded as one of India’s most prestigious higher education institutions, consistently ranking first nationally in engineering and overall categories by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) for many years.

As an Indian Institute of Technology, IIT Madras is also recognized as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India. Founded in 1959 with technical, academic and financial assistance from the government of West Germany, IITM was the third Indian Institute of Technology to be established.
Gympie School of Arts
Gympie School of Arts is a heritage-listed school of arts at 39 Nash Street, Gympie, Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by architect Hugo William Du Rietz (sometimes written as Durietz) and was built from 1904 to 1905. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 23 April 1999. It is now home to the Gympie Regional Gallery.

Gympie Region
The Gympie Region is a local government area in the Wide Bay–Burnett region of Queensland, Australia, about 170 kilometres (110 mi) north of Brisbane, the state capital. It is between the Sunshine Coast and Hervey Bay and centred on the town of Gympie. It was created in 2008 from a merger of the Shires of Cooloola and Kilkivan and part of the Shire of Tiaro.

The Regional Council, which governs the Region, has an estimated operating budget of A$50 million.

In the 2021 census, the Gympie Region had a population of 53,242 people.
Nature worship
Nature worship, also called naturism or physiolatry, is any of a variety of religious, spiritual and devotional practices that focus on the worship of a nature deity, considered to be behind the natural phenomena visible throughout nature. A nature deity can be in charge of nature, a place, a biotope, the biosphere, the cosmos, or the universe. Nature worship is often considered the primitive source of modern religious beliefs and can be found in animism, pantheism, panentheism, polytheism, deism, totemism, shamanism, Taoism, Hinduism, some theism and paganism including Wicca. Common to most forms of nature worship is a spiritual focus on the individual's connection and influence on some aspects of the natural world and reverence towards it. Due to their admiration of nature, the works of Edmund Spenser, Anthony Ashley-Cooper and Carl Linnaeus were viewed as nature worship.

Edmund Spenser
Edmund Spenser (/ˈspɛnsər/; c. 1552 – 13 January 1599 O.S.) was an English poet best known for The Faerie Queene, an epic poem and fantastical allegory celebrating the Tudor dynasty and Elizabeth I. He is recognized as one of the premier craftsmen of nascent Modern English verse, and he is considered one of the great poets in the English language.
W. S. Stuckey Jr.
Williamson Sylvester Stuckey Jr. (born May 25, 1935) is an American former businessman and politician from the U.S. state of Georgia who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1967 to 1977. He is a member of the Democratic Party. His father, W. S. Stuckey Sr., founded the Stuckey's chain of gift shops, of which Stuckey Jr. became president and CEO in 1985. He retired in 2019 and his daughter Stephanie Stuckey took over as President and CEO of the company.

Born in Eastman, Georgia, Stuckey graduated from Woodward Academy in 1952. He earned a B.B.A. in 1956 and a LL.B. in 1959, both from the University of Georgia. He was president of his family's various business holdings, including Stuckey's Stores, Stuckey Pecan Company, Stuckey Investments, and Stuckey Timberlands. He was elected as a Democrat to the 90th United States Congress and to the four succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1977). He was not a candidate for reelection in 1976.

Bachelor of Business Administration
A Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) is an undergraduate degree in business administration awarded by colleges and universities after completion of four years and typically 120 credits of undergraduate study in the fundamentals of business administration.
Shadows in the Deep
Shadows in the Deep is the second album by the Swedish death metal band Unleashed. It was released in 1992 by Century Media Records.

The album was dedicated to Swedish black metal singer Per "Dead" Yngve Ohlin who had committed suicide a year prior.

Century Media Records
Century Media Records is a German heavy metal record label with offices in Germany, the United States and the United Kingdom. In August 2015, Century Media was acquired by Sony Music for US$17 million.
Dick's Picks Volume 14
Dick's Picks Volume 14 is the 14th live album in the Dick's Picks series of releases by the Grateful Dead. It was recorded on November 30 and December 2, 1973, at Boston Music Hall in Boston, Massachusetts. Volume 14 was the last of the Dick's Picks series to be released during the lifetime of the series's namesake tape archivist, Dick Latvala.

As on Dick's Picks Volume 1, Donna Godchaux does not appear on this set as she had taken a hiatus from touring with the band due to pregnancy.

Phil Lesh
Philip Chapman Lesh (March 15, 1940 – October 25, 2024) was an American musician and a founding member of the Grateful Dead, with whom he developed a unique style of  improvised six-string bass guitar. He was their bassist throughout their 30-year career.

After the group disbanded in 1995, Lesh continued the tradition of Grateful Dead family music with a side project, Phil Lesh and Friends, which paid homage to the Dead's music by playing their repertoire, as well as songs by members of his own group. Lesh operated a music venue called Terrapin Crossroads. From 2009 to 2014, he performed in Furthur alongside former Grateful Dead bandmate Bob Weir.  He scaled back touring in 2014 but continued to perform concerts.
Jerome Jones (tennis)
Jerome Jones is an American former professional tennis player.

A left-hander from Los Angeles, Jones was an All-American collegiate tennis player for Pepperdine University during the early 1980s. In 1984 he claimed the NCAA Division I doubles championship with Kelly Jones (no relation), beating Rick Leach and Tim Pawsat of USC in the final.

Jones partnered with Kelly Jones at the 1984 US Open and they won their first round match over Ilie Nastase and Adriano Panatta. He reached a best world ranking of 177 in doubles.

Ilie Năstase
Ilie Theodoriu Năstase (Romanian: [iˈli.e nəsˈtase] ⓘ; born 19 July 1946) is a Romanian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the inaugural world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 40 weeks. Năstase is one of ten players to have won over 100 total ATP-level titles, with 64 in singles and 45 in doubles,  among which seven majors: two in singles, three in men's doubles and two in mixed doubles. He also won four Masters Grand Prix year-end championships. He was the first professional sports figure to sign an endorsement contract with Nike, doing so in 1972. Năstase also wrote several novels in French in the 1980s, and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1991.
Rosa's Cafe
Rosa's Cafe is an American authentic Tex-Mex fast-casual restaurant chain with beginnings in West Texas. Rosa's has expanded to 47 locations across Texas. Additionally, there is a restaurant in Hobbs, New Mexico and Temecula, California. The restaurants are well known for their "Tuesdays Were Made for Tacos" promotion.

The first Rosa's Cafe opened in San Angelo, Texas, in 1983. Rosa's Cafe was purchased by the Bobby Cox Companies in 1995.  The Bobby Cox Companies also owns the restaurant chains Taco Villa and Texas Burger, as well as several non-restaurant ventures. Their signature dish is chicken and beef fajitas, and sour cream chicken enchiladas.

Temecula, California
Temecula is a city in southwestern Riverside County, California, United States. The city had a population of 110,003 as of the 2020 census and was incorporated on December 1, 1989. The city is a tourist and resort destination, with the Temecula Valley Wine Country, Old Town Temecula, Pechanga Resort Casino, championship golf courses, and resort accommodations contributing to the city's economic profile.

The city of Temecula, forming the southwestern anchor of the Inland Empire region, is approximately 58 miles (93 km) north of downtown San Diego and 85 miles (137 km) southeast of downtown Los Angeles. Temecula is part of the Greater Los Angeles area. Temecula is bordered by the city of Murrieta to the north and the Pechanga Indian Reservation and San Diego County to the south. Temecula is also the principal city of the Temecula–Murrieta–Menifee, CA urban area, which had a population of 528,991 as of the 2020 census.
Neophrontops
Neophrontops is an extinct genus of Old World vulture. Despite being taxonomically an "Old World" vulture, specifically a member of the subfamily Gypaetinae, it was native to North America, with six species having been named, spanning from the Early Miocene to the Late Pleistocene. All except N. americanus are only known from fragmentary remains, though well preserved remains are known from the late Middle-Late Pleistocene aged La Brea Tar Pits of Southern California.

La Brea Tar Pits
La Brea Tar Pits comprise an active paleontological research site in urban Los Angeles. Hancock Park was formed around a group of tar pits where natural asphalt (also called asphaltum, bitumen, or pitch; brea in Spanish) has seeped up from the ground for tens of thousands of years. Over many centuries, the bones of trapped animals have been preserved. The George C. Page Museum is dedicated to researching the tar pits and displaying specimens from the animals that died there. "La Brea Tar Pits" is a registered National Natural Landmark.
DK (band)
DK (Russian: ДК) was a cult Soviet underground rock band founded in Moscow in 1980 by its drummer and leader Sergey Zharikov. It was one of the first Soviet and Russian experimental rock bands. DK was known for the dirty art punk style, sound that combined blues rock, free jazz and RIO, and their scandalous satirical anti-Soviet creativity. The band released about 40 albums from 1980 to 1990. DK was one of the most influential bands in USSR, influencing Soviet and Russian bands such as Grazhdanskaya Oborona, Sektor Gaza, Mongol Shuudan, and Dna Error.

Art punk
Art punk is a subgenre of punk rock influenced by art school culture in which artists go beyond the genre's rudimentary three-chord garage rock conventions, incorporating more complex song structures, esoteric influences and a more sophisticated sound and image. While retaining punk's simplicity and rawness, art punk draws more from avant-garde music, literature and abstract art than other punk subgenres, often intersecting with the more experimental branches of the post-punk scene. Subsequently, attracting opposing audiences to that of the angry, working-class ones that surrounded the original punk rock scene.
Montenegrin Party
The Montenegrin Party (Montenegrin: Црногорска партија, romanized: Crnogorska partija, CP) is a political party in Serbia, representing the Montenegrin ethnic minority. The party was founded by Nenad Stevović, who was its leader from 2008 to 2014, when he resigned.

Montenegrin alphabet
The Montenegrin alphabet is the collective name given to "Abeceda" (Montenegrin Latin alphabet; Абецеда in Cyrillic) and "Азбука" (Montenegrin Cyrillic alphabet; Azbuka in Latin), the writing systems used to write the Montenegrin language. It was adopted on 9 June 2009 by the Montenegrin Minister of Education, Sreten Škuletić and replaced the Serbian Cyrillic and Gaj's Latin alphabets in use at the time.

There is a one-to-one correspondence between the two alphabets, and words are usually spelled so that they work in both.

Although the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets enjoy equal status under the Constitution of Montenegro, the government and proponents of the Montenegrin language prefer to use the Latin script exclusively; it is also much more widely used in all aspects of the day-to-day written communication in the country, in education, advertising and media.
Brad Davis (running back)
Bradford Timothy Davis (born February 9, 1953) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for two seasons with the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the LSU Tigers.

Davis was born in Hammond, Louisiana, and attended Hammond Magnet High School. He attended Louisiana State University, where he played football for the Tigers. He rushed for 2,253 yards on 472 carries in his college career, and had 16 rushing and two receiving touchdowns. He was named to the 1973 All-SEC team as a first-team selection by the United Press and second-team by the Associated Press after rushing for 904 yards and scoring seven total touchdowns during the season.

Hammond, Louisiana
Hammond is the largest city in Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana, United States, located 45 miles (72 km) east of Baton Rouge and 45 miles (72 km) northwest of New Orleans. Its population was 20,019 in the 2010 U.S. census, and 21,359 at the 2020 population estimates program.

Hammond is home to Southeastern Louisiana University. It is the principal city of the Hammond metropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Tangipahoa Parish and is a part of the Baton Rouge-Hammond combined statistical area.
Indian Creek (Hughes River tributary)
Indian Creek is a stream located entirely within Ritchie County, West Virginia. It is a tributary of Hughes River.

Indian Creek was named after the Indians (Native Americans) who once dwelled in the area.

Ritchie County, West Virginia
Ritchie County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,444. Its county seat is Harrisville. The county was created in 1843 by the Virginia General Assembly and named for Richmond newspaper publisher Thomas Ritchie.
Pre-hospital emergency medicine
Pre-hospital emergency medicine (abbreviated PHEM), also referred to as pre-hospital care, immediate care, or emergency medical services medicine (abbreviated EMS medicine), is a medical subspecialty which focuses on caring for seriously ill or injured patients before they reach hospital, and during emergency transfer to hospital or between hospitals. It may be practised by physicians from various backgrounds such as anaesthesiology, emergency medicine, intensive care medicine and acute medicine, after they have completed initial training in their base specialty.

Doctors practising PHEM are usually well-integrated with local emergency medical services, and are dispatched together with emergency medical technicians or paramedics where potentially life-threatening trauma or illness is suspected that may benefit from immediate specialist medical treatment. This may involve travelling by car or air ambulance to the site.

Subspecialty
A subspecialty or subspeciality (see spelling differences) is a narrow field of professional knowledge/skills within a specialty of trade, and is most commonly used to describe the increasingly more diverse medical specialties. A subspecialist is a specialist of a subspecialty.

In medicine, subspecialization is particularly common in internal medicine, cardiology, neurology and pathology, psychiatry and has grown as medical practice has:

become more complex, and

it has become clear that a physician's case volume is negatively associated with their complication rate; that is, complications tend to decrease as the volume of cases per physician goes up.
Szamuely
Szamuely is the surname of a Hungarian Jewish family.
Among its members are

Tibor Szamuely (1890–1919), a Bolshevik revolutionary

Tibor Szamuely (historian) (1925–1972), his nephew

George Szamuely, the younger Tibor Szamuely's son and noted anti-Communist columnist

Tibor Szamuely
Tibor Szamuely (December 27, 1890 – August 2, 1919) was a Hungarian communist politician and journalist who was Deputy People's Commissar of War and People's Commissar of Public Education during the Hungarian Soviet Republic.
Guillermo Klein
Guillermo Klein (born 1969) is an Argentine pianist and composer.

He graduated from Berklee College of Music in 1994, and throughout the 1990s held a residency at Smalls, a jazz club in New York City. Known for his highly original harmonic and stylistic concepts, Klein has garnered much respect from the jazz community. He spent most of the 2000s in Argentina and Spain, though he still played in the United States. He was commissioned by the MIT Wind Ensemble to write his first work for wind ensemble, Solar Return Suite, which was premiered on May 12, 2006. Klein has made yearly appearances with his band, Los Guachos, at the Village Vanguard since 2007.

In 2008, he was a member of the jazz faculty at Musikene (Centro Superior de Música del País Vasco), the Higher School of Music of the Basque Country, in San Sebastián.

Concert band
A concert band, also called a wind band, wind ensemble, wind symphony, wind orchestra, symphonic band,  symphonic winds, or symphonic wind ensemble, is a performing ensemble consisting of members of the woodwind, brass, and percussion families of instruments, and occasionally including the piano, double bass, and harp. On rare occasions, additional, non-traditional instruments may be added to such ensembles such as synthesizer, electric guitar, and bass guitar.

Concert band music generally includes original wind compositions, concert marches, transcriptions of orchestral arrangements, light music, and popular music. Though the concert band does have similar instrumentation to the marching band, a marching band's main purpose is to perform while marching. In contrast, a concert band usually performs as a stationary ensemble, though European ensembles often do both.