hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
IOPS
Input/output operations per second (IOPS, pronounced eye-ops) is an input/output performance measurement used to characterize computer storage devices like hard disk drives (HDD), solid state drives (SSD), and storage area networks (SAN). Like benchmarks, IOPS numbers published by storage device manufacturers do not directly relate to real-world application performance.

Storage area network
A storage area network (SAN) or storage network is a computer network which provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage. SANs are primarily used to access data storage devices, such as disk arrays and tape libraries from servers so that the devices appear to the operating system as direct-attached storage. A SAN typically is a dedicated network of storage devices not accessible through the local area network (LAN).

Although a SAN provides only block-level access, file systems built on top of SANs do provide file-level access and are known as shared-disk file systems.

Newer SAN configurations enable hybrid SAN and allow traditional block storage that appears as local storage but also object storage for web services through APIs.
Tedim District
Tedim District is a district in Chin State, Myanmar with a population of 117,393 (combining Tedim and Tonzang townships) according to the Myanmar Census 2014, making it the most populous district in Chin State. On 1 May 2022, Tedim District was formed with Tedim and Tonzang townships. Its district seat is Tedim.  The major towns are Tedim, Tonzang, Cikha, and Khaikam.

Zomi Congress for Democracy
The Zomi Congress for Democracy (ZCD; Burmese: ဇိုမီး ဒီမိုကရေစီအဖွဲ့ချုပ်), formerly Zomi National Congress, is a political party in Myanmar. Originally formed in Manipur, India, most of its current support comes from Chin State, where the party was originally headquartered. The party is most popular in the Tonzang, Tedim, and Kalay Townships where their headquarters and strongholds are. The party has 15,000 members in Chin State.
Uitenhage (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Uitenhage was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1994. The constituency covered a part of the Eastern Cape centred on the town of Uitenhage (since renamed Kariega). Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

1910 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa on 15 September 1910 to elect the 121 members of the House of Assembly. They were the first general election after the Union of South Africa was created on 31 May 1910.

The elections were held alongside the first election to the provincial councils of Cape Province and Transvaal. Those councils used the same electoral districts as those for the House of Assembly seats in the province. The first election for the provincial councils of Natal and Orange Free State, which did not use the same constituency boundaries as the House of Assembly, took place at a later date.

Although the Unionist Party received the most votes, the alliance of parties led by General Louis Botha won a slim majority. The Unionist Party became the official opposition. Botha's alliance would later unite as the South African Party.
ATC code A06
ATC code A06 Drugs for constipation is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. Subgroup A06 is part of the anatomical group A Alimentary tract and metabolism.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QA06. National issues of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.

Psyllium
Psyllium (/ˈsɪliəm/), or Isabgol or ispaghula (/ˌɪspəˈɡuːlə/), is the common name used for several members of the plant genus Plantago whose seeds are used commercially for the production of mucilage. Psyllium is mainly used as a dietary fiber to relieve symptoms of both constipation and mild diarrhea, and occasionally as a food thickener. Allergy to psyllium is common in workers frequently exposed to the substance.

It is generally safe and moderately effective as a laxative. Use of psyllium in the diet for three weeks or longer may lower blood cholesterol levels in people with elevated cholesterol, and may lower blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Use of psyllium for a month or longer may produce a small reduction in systolic blood pressure.

The plants from which the seeds are extracted tolerate damp and cool climates, and are mainly cultivated in northern India.
Duttlenheim
Duttlenheim (French pronunciation: [dytlənajm] ⓘ; German: Düttelnheim; Alsatian: Dìttle) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Strasbourg, and approximately 20 km from the German border.

Arsène Wenger, former long-time manager of Arsenal F.C., grew up here. His parents ran the bistro La croix d'or, where he would spend hours studying the behaviour of the football-loving customers.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
2019 Gibraltar Darts Trophy
The 2019 Gibraltar Darts Trophy is the thirteenth of thirteen PDC European Tour events on the 2019 PDC Pro Tour. The tournament is taking place at the Victoria Stadium, Gibraltar, from 27–29 September 2019. It features a field of 48 players and £140,000 in prize money, with £25,000 going to the winner.

Michael van Gerwen was the defending champion after defeating Adrian Lewis 8–3 in the previous year's final, but he lost in the third round 6–3 to Nathan Aspinall.

Dave Chisnall hit his first European Tour nine-dart finish in his quarter-final against James Wade, which was the fifth European Tour nine-darter of 2019, equalling the record set in the inaugural year in 2012.

Krzysztof Ratajski won his sixth PDC title, and his first on the European Tour, with an 8–2 win against Chisnall in the final.

Adrian Lewis
Adrian Lewis (born 21 January 1985) is an English professional darts player who formerly competed in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. Nicknamed "Jackpot", he is a two-time PDC World Champion, having won the title in 2011 and 2012, and has won two other major televised PDC titles, the European Championship in 2013 and the UK Open in 2014. He is a four-time winner of the PDC World Cup of Darts, having partnered with Phil Taylor as part of the England team.

Lewis has won a total of 26 PDC titles in his career. After withdrawing from multiple PDC events, he announced in April 2023 that he was taking a break from competitive darts, due in part to health issues affecting his wife and daughter.

Widely regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of the sport, Lewis has been described as one of the most naturally talented darts players of all time.
Francistown/Tati East
Francistown/Tati East was a constituency in North-East District represented by an MP in the National Assembly of Botswana from 1965 to 1974. The constituency, which encompassed Francistown city and the southern part of the North-East District, was created for the first National Assembly election in 1965 and was dissolved in 1972 redistribution of boundaries, when a single constituency was created for Francistown and the rural areas of the District were unified into a separate constituency, North East.

The constituency was represented throughout its existence by Philip Matante, leader of the Botswana People's Party and first Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly.

North-East District (Botswana)
The North-East District is one of the administrative districts of Botswana. Its capital is Francistown. In 2011, North-East had a population of 60,264 people. The district is predominantly occupied by Kalanga-speaking people, the BaKalanga. The district is administered by a district administration and district council, which are responsible for local administration.

In the north and east, the district borders the Matabeleland South Province of Zimbabwe, and the border in the east is predominantly along the Ramokgwebana River. In the south and west, the district borders the Central District along the Shashe River.
2011 ASB Classic – Doubles
Cara Black and Liezel Huber were the defending champions after defeating  Natalie Grandin and Laura Granville in the 2010 final. However they did not defend the title together after splitting halfway through the 2010 season.

Květa Peschke and Katarina Srebotnik won in the final against Sofia Arvidsson and Marina Erakovic, 6–3, 6–0.

Marina Erakovic
Marina Erakovic (/məˈrɪnə ɪˈrækəvɪtʃ/ mə-RIN-ə ih-RAK-ə-vitch; Croatian: Marina Eraković [marǐːna erǎːkoʋitɕ]; born 6 March 1988) is a former tennis player from New Zealand. She achieved career-high rankings of 39 in singles and 25 in doubles, and won a singles title (at Memphis in February 2013) and eight doubles titles on the WTA Tour.
Tankani (Peru)
Tankani (Aymara tanka hat and biretta of priests, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with a hat (or biretta)", Hispanicized spellings Tancane, Tangane) is a mountain in the Andes of southern Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is situated in the Puno Region, Puno Province, San Antonio District, near the border with the Moquegua Region. Tankani lies northwest of the mountain Chuqipata.

Biretta
The biretta (Latin: biretum, birretum) is a square cap with three or four peaks or horns, sometimes surmounted by a tuft.  Traditionally the three-peaked biretta is worn by Christian clergy, especially Roman Catholic clergy, as well as some Lutheran and Anglican clergy. A four-peaked biretta is worn as academic dress (but not liturgically) by those holding a doctoral degree from a pontifical faculty or pontifical university or faculty. Occasionally the biretta is worn by legal professionals, for instance advocates in the Channel Islands or judges in some Polish courts.
Michael Newton (field hockey)
Michael Douglas Newton (born May 10, 1952) was an American field hockey player, who competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.

Newton was born in Penticton, British Columbia, Canada. His brother Gary Newton was one of his Olympic teammates.

Penticton
Penticton (/pɛnˈtɪktən/ pen-TIK-tən) is a city in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada, situated between Okanagan and Skaha lakes. In the 2021 Canadian Census, its population was 36,885, while its census agglomeration population was 47,380.
Delhi–Gurgaon Expressway
Route map

The Delhi–Gurugram Expressway on NH-48 is a 27.7 km (17.2 mi) six to eight lane expressway connecting the national capital, Delhi and the Millennium city of Gurugram, Haryana in the National Capital Region of India. The expressway is a part of the Golden Quadrilateral project, which itself is a part of the National Highway Development Project. The ₹10 billion (US$114.4 million), 27.7 km (17.2 mi) brownfield expressway was opened in phases with the final section opening on 23 January 2008. This expressway is the busiest inter-city route in India and handles more than 180,000 PCUs daily. It starts at Dhaula Kuan in Delhi and terminates on the outskirts of Gurugram. Gurugram City is located at both sides of this Expressway.

Golden Quadrilateral
The Golden Quadrilateral (Hindi: Svarnim Chaturbhuj; abbreviated GQ) is a network of national highways connecting major cities of India. It roughly forms a quadrilateral with major cities – Delhi (north), Kolkata (east), Mumbai (west) and Chennai (south) forming the termini. Stretching 5,846 km (3,633 mi), it is one of the longest roads in the world.

The project was part of the first phase of the National Highways Development Project executed by the Government of India. The roads were constructed and are maintained by the National Highway Authority of India under the purview of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. The road system consists of access controlled four or six-lane highways, built at a cost of ₹324.9 billion (equivalent to ₹1.4 trillion or US$17 billion in 2023). The project was launched in 1999, and completed in 2012.
Vi to
Vi to is a song by Danish singer Medina from her second studio album Velkommen til Medina. It was released as the fourth single from the album on 19 April 2010. The song was written by Medina, Rasmus Stabell and Jeppe Federspiel and was produced by Providers. "Vi to" peaked at number two in Denmark.

Medina (singer)
Medina Danielle Oona Valbak (born Andrea Fuentealba Valbak; 30 November 1982), known as Medina (Danish: [me̝ˈtiːnæ]; Spanish: [meˈðina]), is a Danish singer and songwriter. She has released one EP and seven studio albums. She became popular with various singles such as "Kun for mig" in Scandinavia, and "Addiction" in various European and English-speaking countries. At the 2010 Danish Music Awards, she won female artist of the year, Album of the year, and Songwriter of the year.
Ram Prakash Singh
Ram Prakash Singh (known as Prof. R. P. Singh) is an Indian scientist, educator and researcher. He works as Emeritus Scientist at IISER Pune. He is known for his works as Vice-Chancellor Lucknow University (years - 2005 to 2008) and as Professor and Head, Materials Science Centre, IIT Kharagpur. He was an alumnus of Glasgow University, Liverpool University and Allahabad University.

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune (IISER Pune) is an autonomous public university established in 2006. It is one of the seven Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research, and was one of the first IISERs to be established along with IISER Kolkata. It is located in the city of Pune, India.
2014 Nürnberger Versicherungscup – Doubles
Raluca Olaru and Valeria Solovyeva were the defending champions, but Solovyeva chose not to participate. Olaru played alongside Shahar Pe'er.

Michaëlla Krajicek and Karolína Plíšková won the title, defeating Olaru and Pe'er in the final, 6–0, 4–6, [10–6].

Raluca Olaru
Ioana Raluca Olaru (born 3 March 1989) is a Romanian former professional tennis player. The winner of eleven singles and fifteen doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit, Olaru reached one WTA Tour singles final, at the 2009 Gastein Ladies, losing to Andrea Petkovic, in straight sets. She also won eleven doubles titles on WTA Tour tournaments.

Olaru was a successful junior player. She was the runner–up in both junior singles and doubles at the 2005 French Open, and captured the 2006 US Open doubles title along with Mihaela Buzărnescu. Her best professional Grand Slam result has been the third round of the 2007 French Open, when she defeated the 30th seed Julia Vakulenko, in straight sets, and lost to eventual runner–up, the seventh seed Ana Ivanovic. Olaru reached her highest singles ranking, world No. 53, on 27 July 2009, and her best doubles ranking, No. 30, on 31 January 2022.

Olaru announced her retirement from tennis in June 2024.
Hymenaei
Hymenaei, or The Masque of Hymen, was a masque written by Ben Jonson for the marriage of Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, and Lady Frances Howard, daughter of the Earl of Suffolk, and performed on their wedding day, 5 January 1606. The costumes, sets, and scenic effects were designed by Inigo Jones, and the music composed by Alfonso Ferrabosco.

One of Jonson's earlier masques, Hymenaei is significant in the evolution of the masque form in the early 17th century; its two sets of contrasting dancers constituted one step in the evolution of the anti-masque that Jonson would realize fully in The Masque of Queens three years later (1609).

Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk
Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk, KG, PC (24 August 1561 – 28 May 1626), of Audley End House in the parish of Saffron Walden in Essex, and of Suffolk House near Westminster, a member of the House of Howard, was the second son of Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, by his second wife Margaret Audley, the daughter and eventual sole heiress of Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, of Audley End.
Kitturiaq
Kitturiaq is a 2013 Canadian documentary film by Frank Wolf that follows two friends on a remote 620 km wilderness canoe journey over the vast Labrador Plateau.  Set in the Inuit/Innu regions of Nunatsiavut and Nunavik, the film shares the cultural perspectives of local people in the context of the journey. The film airs on CBC's documentary (TV channel) in Canada and features music by Patrick Watson, Half Moon Run, The Cyrillic Typewriter, Wintermitts, Boucan Sound System, and throat singers Sylvia Cloutier and Madeleine Allakariallak.

Patrick Watson (musician)
Patrick Watson (born October 8, 1979) is a Canadian singer-songwriter from Montreal, Quebec, who has formed a band also named Patrick Watson, whose blend of cabaret pop and classical music influences with indie rock has been compared to Rufus Wainwright, Andrew Bird, Nick Drake, Jeff Buckley and Pink Floyd for its experimental musicianship. Patrick Watson's album Close to Paradise was awarded the Polaris Music Prize in 2007.

His 2010 song "Je te laisserai des mots" (lit. 'I will leave you some words') has amassed more than 1 billion streams on Spotify, the first French-language song to do so.
1999 Monte Carlo Open – Doubles
Jacco Eltingh and Paul Haarhuis were the defending champions. Eltingh chose not to participate. Haarhuis teamed up with Jared Palmer, but they lost in the first round to Andrea Gaudenzi and Diego Nargiso.

Olivier Delaître and Tim Henman won the title, by defeating Jiří Novák and David Rikl 6–2, 6–3 in the final.

Paul Haarhuis
Paul Vincent Nicholas Haarhuis (Dutch pronunciation: [pʌul ˈhaːrhœys]; born 19 February 1966) is a Dutch tennis coach and a former professional player. He is a former world No. 1 doubles player, having reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 18 in November 1995. He has won 54 doubles titles, including six Grand Slam titles, five with Jacco Eltingh, and one with Yevgeny Kafelnikov.
Billy Keys
William Amar Keys  (born October 26, 1977) is an American former professional basketball player and basketball coach. At a height of 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) and a weight of 210 pounds (95 kg), he played at the point guard position. He currently is a men's basketball assistant coach at Northern New Mexico College in Espanola, New Mexico.

Coach (basketball)
Basketball coaching is the act of directing and strategizing the behavior of a basketball team or individual basketball player. Basketball coaching typically encompasses the improvement of individual and team offensive and defensive skills, as well as overall physical conditioning. Coaches also have the responsibility to improve their team by player development, strategy, and in-game management. Coaches also teach and inspire their team to be their best.

Coaching is usually performed by a single person, often with the help of one or more assistants.
Aftermath of the July uprising
Significant political, constitutional, and social changes in Bangladesh followed the July uprising of 2024 and the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. The revolution, which was initially sparked by widespread public protests and calls for reform, led to major changes in Bangladesh's political landscape.

In the immediate aftermath of the revolution, the country faced violent unrest, a constitutional crisis and the formation of the interim government. These events prompted further protests and calls for reform, as well as extensive investigations. The entire period marked a pivotal moment in the nation's history, as it reshaped the country's governance, legal framework, and social fabric.

Hasnat Abdullah
Md. Abul Hasnat, better known as Hasnat Abdullah (Bengali: হাসনাত আব্দুল্লাহ) is a Bangladeshi politician, educator, activist, and former convener of the Students Against Discrimination, which led the July Revolution in 2024. He has been the Chief Organizer (Southern Region) of the National Citizen Party since 2025. An MP for Comilla-4 constituency since early 2026, Hasnat is the world’s first Gen Z protest leader to have won an election and to became a Member of Parliament.
Neumeister Collection
The Neumeister Collection is a compilation of 82 chorale preludes found in a manuscript copy produced by Johann Gottfried Neumeister (1757–1840). When the manuscript was rediscovered at Yale University in the 1980s it appeared to contain 31 previously unknown early chorale settings by Johann Sebastian Bach, which were added to the BWV catalogue as Nos. 1090–1120, and published in 1985.

Bach Digital
Bach Digital (German: Bach digital), developed by the Bach Archive in Leipzig, is an online database which gives access to information on compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach and members of his family. Early manuscripts of such compositions are a major focus of the website, which provides access to high-resolution digitized versions of many of these. Scholarship on manuscripts and versions of compositions is summarized on separate pages, with references to scholarly sources and editions. The database portal has been online since 2010.
Right Action
"Right Action" is a song by Scottish indie rock band Franz Ferdinand. It was released as the lead single from their fourth studio album, Right Thoughts, Right Words, Right Action, on 27 June 2013 in the United States and 18 August 2013 in the United Kingdom. It has been described as having a catchy, funk-like guitar sound. A music video of the song, directed by Jonas Odell, was released online on 7 July and features the band performing in an environment similar to their previous video "Take Me Out" (which was also directed by Odell) as the song's lyrics also appear on the screen. The song had moderate commercial success reaching number 39 on the UK Indie Chart, number 28 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart in the United States and Number 22 in the Billboard Japan Hot 100 Singles Chart.

UK Independent Singles and Albums Charts
The UK Independent Singles Chart and UK Independent Albums Chart are charts of the best-selling independent singles and albums, respectively, in the United Kingdom. Originally published in January 1980, and widely known as the indie chart, the relevance of the chart dwindled in the 1990s as major-label ownership blurred the boundary between independent and major labels.

Separate independent charts are currently published weekly by the Official Charts Company.