hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2023 Malaysia M4 League
The 2023 Malaysia M4 League (Malay: Liga M4 Malaysia), also known as the Al-Ikhsan Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the second season of the Malaysia M4 League, currently the third tier football league of the Malaysian football league system. This is the first season where the league is held as a single division.

Malaysian football league system
The Malaysian football league system, also known as the Malaysian football pyramid, is a series of interconnected leagues for men's football clubs in Malaysia. The system has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels, allowing even the smallest club the hypothetical possibility of ultimately rising to the very top of the system. The exact number of clubs varies from year to year as clubs join and leave leagues or fold altogether, but an estimated average of 10 clubs per division implies that hundreds of teams are members of a league in the Malaysian men's football league system.
Dourdou de Conques
The Dourdou de Conques (French pronunciation: [duʁdu də kɔ̃k], Dourdou of Conques) is an 83.7 km (52.0 mi) long river in the department of Aveyron, southern France. Its source is near the village of Lassouts. It flows generally west. It is a left tributary of the Lot, into which it flows near Grand-Vabre.

Grand-Vabre
Grand-Vabre (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃ vabʁ]; Occitan: Gandvabre) is a former commune in the Aveyron department in southern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Conques-en-Rouergue.
Absolutely Productions
Absolutely Productions is a British media production company, working mostly in television, formed in 1988 by Morwenna Banks, Jack Docherty, Moray Hunter, Pete Baikie, John Sparkes, and Gordon Kennedy, all of whom were the cast of British television comedy sketch show Absolutely.

Gordon Kennedy (actor)
Gordon Gilbert Kennedy (born 22 February 1958) is a Scottish actor, presenter and narrator.  He starred in the Channel 4 sketch show Absolutely, and appeared in BBC drama series Robin Hood and Red Cap.
2024 Uruguay Open – Doubles
Guido Andreozzi and Guillermo Durán were the defending champions but only Andreozzi chose to defend his title, partnering Orlando Luz. Andreozzi successfully defended his title after defeating Mariano Kestelboim and Franco Roncadelli 4–6, 6–3, [10–8] in the final.

Mariano Kestelboim
Mariano Kestelboim (born 6 February 1996) is an Argentine tennis player.

He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 124 achieved on 3 November and a career high singles ranking of No. 387 achieved on 18 September 2017.
Test theory
In experimental physics, a test theory tells experimenters how to perform particular comparisons between specific theories or classes of theory.

Without a good reference test theory, these experiments can be difficult to construct. Different theories often define relationships and parameters in different, often incompatible, ways. Sometimes, physical theories and models that nominally produce significantly diverging predictions can be found to produce very similar, even identical, predictions, once definitional differences are taken into account.

A good test theory should identify potential sources of definitional bias in the way that experiments are constructed. It should also be able to deal with a wide range of possible objections to experimental tests based upon it. Discovery that a test theory has serious omissions can undermine the validity of experimental work that is designed according to that theory.

Real versus nominal value (philosophy)
The distinction between real value and nominal value occurs in many fields. From a philosophical viewpoint, nominal value represents an accepted condition, which is a goal or an approximation, as opposed to the real value, which is always present.
David Elson
David Elson (born August 26, 1971) is an American college football coach. He is the defensive analyst at Wake Forest University, a position he has held since 2023. Elson served as head football coach at Western Kentucky University (WKU) from  2003 to 2009.  He oversaw the transition of Western Kentucky  from a Football Championship Subdivision (formerly known as Division I-AA) to a Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly known as Division I-A) program, the highest division in college football; in his final season, the Hilltoppers joined the Sun Belt Conference.

Western Kentucky University
Western Kentucky University (WKU) is a public university in Bowling Green, Kentucky, United States. It was founded by the Commonwealth of Kentucky in 1906, though its roots reach back a few decades earlier. It operates regional campuses in Glasgow, Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, and Owensboro. The main campus sits atop a hill overlooking the Barren River valley.
Obadiah Newnham
Obadiah Samuel Newnham (23 March 1848, Leamington Hastings – 13 May 1932, St. Stephen, New Brunswick) was Archdeacon of Fredericton from 1907 until his death.

Newnham was ordained in 1875 and  was a missionary at New London, PEI from 1875 to 1878.  He held incumbencies at Pointe-du-Chêne, Saint John, Hampton and St Stephen. He was a Canon of Fredericton Cathedral from  1901 to 1907; and Secretary of the Diocesan Synod from 1888 until his death.

Leamington Hastings
Leamington Hastings is a small village and larger civil parish in Warwickshire, England. The civil parish covers Leamington Hastings itself, plus  the nearby hamlets of Broadwell, Hill and Kites Hardwick. Its population in the 2011 census was 440, increasing slightly to 466 at the 2021 census.
Wellington—Halton Hills (provincial electoral district)
Wellington—Halton Hills is a provincial electoral district in western Ontario, Canada.  It elects one member to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario.

The riding, which was first contested in the 2007 provincial election, consists of the municipalities of Guelph/Eramosa, Puslinch, Erin, Centre Wellington and Halton Hills.

47.5% of the riding came from Halton, 25.2% came from Waterloo—Wellington, 16.3% came from Guelph—Wellington and 11% came from Dufferin—Peel—Wellington—Grey. Although it is counted as a Midwestern Ontario riding, the Halton Hills portion is part of the Greater Toronto Area.

Waterloo—Wellington
Waterloo—Wellington was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1997 to 2003. It continued to be a provincial electoral district represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario until the 2007 provincial election.

Waterloo—Wellington was located in the province of Ontario.

Waterloo—Wellington federal riding was created in 1996 from parts of Guelph—Wellington, Kitchener, Perth—Wellington—Waterloo, Waterloo and Wellington—Grey—Dufferin—Simcoe ridings. It was abolished in 2003, and divided between Cambridge, Kitchener—Conestoga, Perth Wellington and Wellington—Halton Hills ridings.

Waterloo—Wellington consisted of the southwest part of the City of Kitchener, the townships of Wilmot, Wellesley and Woolwich, the northwest part of the County of Wellington excluding the Village of Arthur, the Town of Mount Forest, and the Township of West Luther.
Bobrovka, Shipunovsky District, Altai Krai
Bobrovka (Russian: Бобровка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bobrovsky Selsoviet, Shipunovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 850 as of 2013. There are 17 streets.

Shipunovsky District
Shipunovsky District (Russian: Шипуно́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the center of the krai. The area of the district is 4,130 square kilometers (1,590 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Shipunovo. Population:  33,285 (2010 census); 36,299 (2002 census); 36,810 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 36.4% of the district's total population.
The Old Windmill, Kirkbymoorside
The Old Windmill is a historic building in Kirkbymoorside, a town in North Yorkshire, in England.

The windmill was built in 1839, for G. Rivis, at a cost of £1,000.  The Rivis family sold it in 1861, and in about 1875, its sails were removed.  It was then given a pitched roof and powered by a paraffin engine.  Later, it was converted into a house, and it was grade II listed in 1976.

The windmill is built of red brick, it is tapering and has a circular plan. There are five storeys, in each floor are two pivot windows, and in the ground floor are two opposing plank doors. All the openings have cambered brick arches.  The ground floor has a diameter of 20 feet (6.1 m), while the top floor has a diameter of 12 feet (3.7 m).

Windmill
A windmill is a machine operated by the force of wind acting on vanes or sails to mill grain (gristmills), pump water, generate electricity, or drive other machinery.
Windmills were used throughout the high medieval and early modern periods; the horizontal or panemone windmill first appeared in Persia during the 9th century, and the vertical windmill first appeared in northwestern Europe in the 12th century. Regarded as an icon of Dutch culture, there are approximately 1,000 windmills in the Netherlands today.
West Holstein Railway Company
The West Holstein Railway Company was founded in 1875 with the aim of connecting the west Holstein region in the present-day district of Dithmarschen in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein with the railway junction of Neumünster and beyond with the cities of Kiel and Lübeck. Its creation involved the Kingdom of Prussia, the Altona-Kiel Railway Company, neighbouring villages and towns and the town of Tonning.

Neumünster
Neumünster (German pronunciation: [nɔʏˈmʏnstɐ] ⓘ) is a city in the middle of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. With more than 79,000 registered inhabitants, it is the fourth-largest municipality in Schleswig-Holstein (behind Kiel, Lübeck and Flensburg). The Holstenhallen and the Stadthalle make the city an important trade fair location.
Australian cricket team in India in 2023–24
The Australia men's cricket team toured India in September, November and December 2023 to play three One Day International (ODI) and five Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. The ODI series formed part of both teams' preparation for the 2023 Cricket World Cup tournament. The T20I series formed part of both teams' preparation for the 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup tournament. The T20I series took place four days after the 2023 Cricket World Cup final.

Chris Green (cricketer)
Christopher James Green (born 1 October 1993) is a South African-Australian cricketer. Green bowls right-arm off-break and bats right-handed, playing as an All-rounder. He plays for New South Wales and the Sydney Thunder in the Big Bash League. He also plays Sydney Grade Cricket for Northern District Cricket Club. Green made his Thunder debut in the final round of the BBL04. He made his international debut for the Australian cricket team in December 2023.
2023 Nigerian presidential election in Ekiti State
The 2023 Nigerian presidential election in Ekiti State was held on 25 February 2023 as part of the nationwide 2023 Nigerian presidential election to elect the president and vice president of Nigeria. Other federal elections, including elections to the House of Representatives and the Senate, were also held on the same date while state elections were held two weeks afterward on 11 March.

Bola Tinubu—the nominee of the All Progressives Congress—ultimately won the state by over 110,000 votes, a 36% margin, over runner-up Atiku Abubakar of the Peoples Democratic Party. The other two major contenders, Peter Obi (Labour Party) and Rabiu Kwankwaso (New Nigeria Peoples Party), trailed with just 3.7% and 0.09%, respectively.

2023 Nigerian House of Representatives election
The 2023 Nigerian House of Representatives elections were held on 25 February 2023 where voters  elected members of the House of Representatives using first-past-the-post voting in all 360 federal constituencies. The last regular House elections for all districts were in 2019.

Other federal elections, including the Senate elections and the presidential election, held on the same date while state elections were held two weeks afterwards on 18 March. The winners of these House elections will serve beginning in the 10th Nigerian National Assembly. The APC have held a majority in the House of Representatives since the 2015 elections and solidified that majority in 2019.
Embury
Embury is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Thomas Embury (1874–1956), Conservative member of the Canadian House of Commons

Aymar Embury II (1880–1966), American architect

David A. Embury (1886–1960), attorney and author of The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks (1948)

Emma Catherine Embury (1806–1863), American author and poet

Philip Embury (born 1729), Methodist preacher, a leader of one of the earliest Methodist congregations in the United States

Shane Embury (born 1967), British musician

Rich Embury (born 1970), Canadian international internet radio pioneer

Sheila Embury (1931–2005), former nurse and provincial level politician from Alberta, Canada

Shane Embury
Shane Thomas Embury (born 27 November 1967) is a British musician, who is primarily known as the bassist of the grindcore and death metal band Napalm Death since 1987—the longest-serving member of the band.
Cycling at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's road time trial
The women's individual time trial was one of eighteen  cycling events of the 2016 Olympic Games. The event started and finished on 10 August at Pontal, a small peninsula and beach area in the Recreio dos Bandeirantes neighborhood, located in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The race start and finish were part of the Barra venues cluster and one of seven temporary venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Pontal (Rio de Janeiro)
Pontal is a small peninsula and beach area in the Recreio dos Bandeirantes (or simply Recreio) neighborhood, located in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and was a temporary venue in the Barra Olympic venues cluster for the Athletics (race walk) and Cycling (time trial) competitions of the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Palaeoryctes
Palaeoryctes ("ancient digger") is an extinct paraphyletic genus of mammals from paraphyletic subfamily Palaeoryctinae within family Palaeoryctidae, that lived in North America and Africa from middle Paleocene to early Eocene.

Palaeoryctes resembled a modern shrew, being slender and sharp-nosed, with typical insectivore teeth. It was around 12.5 centimetres (4.9 in) long, and weighed around 20 to 60 grams (0.71 to 2.12 oz). The molars of Palaeoryctes had little function other than piercing.

Molar (tooth)
The molars or molar teeth are large, flat teeth at the back of the mouth. They are more developed in mammals. They are used primarily to grind food during chewing. The name molar derives from Latin, molaris dens, meaning "millstone tooth", from mola, millstone and dens, tooth. Molars show a great deal of diversity in size and shape across the mammal groups. The third molar of humans is sometimes vestigial.
Brectouville
Brectouville (French pronunciation: [bʁɛktuvil]) is a former commune in the Manche department in Normandy in northwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Torigny-les-Villes.

Manche
Manche (/mɒ̃ʃ/; French: [mɑ̃ʃ] ⓘ; Norman: Maunche) is a coastal French department in Normandy on the English Channel, which is known as La Manche, literally "the sleeve", in French. Manche is bordered by Ille-et-Vilaine and Mayenne to the south, Orne and Calvados to the east, the English Channel to the west and north and by sharing maritime borders with the Crown Dependencies of Bailiwick of Jersey and Bailiwick of Guernsey of the United Kingdom to the west. It had a population of 495,045 in 2019.
Meriam bint Abdullah Al Khalifa
Sheikha Meriam bint Abdullah Al Khalifa (Arabic: مريم بنت عبد الله آل خليفة; born 1980) is a member of the Bahraini Royal House of Al-Khalifa. She is best known for fleeing her family and native Bahrain to the United States to elope with US Marine Lance Corporal Jason Johnson, who was, at the time, stationed in Bahrain as part of a counter-terrorism unit providing security for expatriate Americans. After she was smuggled into the United States with help from Lance Corporal Johnson and being threatened with deportation by United States Customs, she was permitted to stay and apply for asylum, claiming that she feared honor violence by her family in retaliation for fleeing her country and entertaining a romantic relationship with a non-Muslim. Her story was featured heavily in the American press, including The Oprah Winfrey Show, and was turned into a television movie.

Customs
Customs is an authority or agency in a country responsible for collecting tariffs and for controlling the flow of goods, including animals, transports, personal effects, and hazardous items, into and out of a country. Traditionally, customs has been considered as the fiscal subject that charges customs duties (i.e. tariffs) and other taxes on import and export. In recent decades, the views on the functions of customs have considerably expanded and now covers three basic issues: taxation, security, and trade facilitation.

Each country has its own laws and regulations for the import and export of goods into and out of a country, enforced by their respective customs authorities; the import/export of some goods may be restricted or forbidden entirely. A wide range of penalties are faced by those who break these laws.
Zaza (play)
Zaza is a French-language play written by playwrights Pierre Berton and Charles Simon, and staged for the first time at the Théâtre du Vaudeville in Paris, in May 1898. The title character is a prostitute who becomes a music hall entertainer and the mistress of a married man.

The play is probably best known in the English-speaking world in the adaptation of the same title by David Belasco, which premiered at the Lafayette Square Opera House in Washington, D.C., in December 1898, and subsequently opened at the Garrick Theatre in New York City, in January 1899.  It is also the source material for the 1900 opera Zazà by Ruggero Leoncavallo.

A substantial difference between the two stagings is that in the original French play, Zaza and her married customer resume their relationship after she becomes a successful performer, whereas in the American adaptation, they do not reunite.

Ruggero Leoncavallo
Ruggero (or Ruggiero) Leoncavallo (23 April 1857 – 9 August 1919) was an Italian opera composer and librettist. Throughout his career, Leoncavallo produced numerous operas and songs, but it is his 1892 opera Pagliacci that remained his lasting contribution, despite attempts to escape the shadow of his greatest success.

Today Pagliacci continues to be his most famous opera and one of the most popular and frequently performed works in the operatic repertory. His other notable compositions include the song "Mattinata", popularized by Enrico Caruso, and, to a lesser extent, his version of La bohème which, however, was overshadowed by Puccini's highly successful opera of the same name.
Michael Garvey (Australian footballer)
Michael "Mick" Garvey (born 16 October 1965) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Garvey was best on ground in Corowa Rutherglen's senior's 1984 Coreen & District Football League's premiership, before playing three seasons of Ovens & Murray football with Wodonga prior to playing with Carlton.

Garvey was selected by Geelong in the 1990 VFL Pre-season draft but failed to play a senior game with the Cats. Garvey played in Wodonga's 1990 and 1992 Ovens & Murray premierships and enjoyed a fine career their for many more years, playing 161 games.

Garvey later played in the Tallangatta & District Football League and won Barnawartha's best and fairest award in 1996.

1989 VFL draft
The 1989 VFL draft was the fourth annual national draft held by the Victorian Football League (since changed its name to Australian Football League) as the main method for the 14 teams to recruit players for the 1990 season.  It consisted of a trading period, pre-draft selections, the main national draft and the 1990 pre-season draft and a non-compulsory 1990 mid-year draft. The minimum age for most draftees was 16 and clubs other than the West Coast Eagles were only allowed to choose one player each from Western Australia. For the non-Queensland and NSW clubs, players from those states had to be 19 to be selected, by which time the Brisbane Bears or Sydney Swans would have had three chances to recruit them.
MACS J0647.7+7015
MACS J0647.7+7015 is a galaxy cluster with a redshift z = 0.592, located at J2000.0 right ascension 06h 47m 42s declination +70° 15′. It lies between the Big Dipper and Little Dipper in the constellation Camelopardalis. It is part of a sample of 12 extreme galaxy clusters at z > 0.5 discovered by the MAssive Cluster Survey (MACS).

During 2012 the galaxy cluster was announced as gravitationally lensing the most distant galaxy (MACS0647-JD), then ever imaged (z = 11).

Declination
In astronomy, declination (abbreviated dec; symbol δ) is one of the two angles that locate a point on the celestial sphere in the equatorial coordinate system, the other being hour angle. The declination angle is measured north (positive) or south (negative) of the celestial equator, along the hour circle passing through the point in question.

The root of the word declination (Latin, declinatio) means "a bending away" or "a bending down". It comes from the same root as the words incline ("bend forward") and recline ("bend backward").

In some 18th and 19th century astronomical texts, declination is given as North Pole Distance (N.P.D.), which is equivalent to 90 – (declination). For instance an object marked as declination −5 would have an N.P.D. of 95, and a declination of −90 (the south celestial pole) would have an N.P.D. of 180.
Kootenai National Wildlife Refuge
The Kootenai National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge of the United States located in northern Idaho. It is about 20 miles (32 km) from the Canada–United States border and 5 miles (8.0 km) from the town of Bonners Ferry. It is bordered by the Selkirk Mountains to the west, the Kootenai River to the east, and state lands to the south.

The refuge provides diverse habitat types, especially wetlands and hardwood and coniferous forest. It was established to preserve migration habitat for waterfowl, and more than 300 species of vertebrates inhabit the area, including coyote, Grizzly bear, elk, bald eagle, Great horned owl, cinnamon bear, moose, beaver, kestrel, river otter, red-tailed hawk, white-tailed deer, thirteen species of bats, northern harrier, and black bear.

The refuge has a surface area of 2,774 acres (11.23 km2).

Anseriformes
Anseriformes is an order of birds   also known as waterfowl that comprises about 180 living species of birds in three families: Anhimidae (three species of screamers), Anseranatidae (the magpie goose), and Anatidae, the largest family, which includes over 170 species of waterfowl, among them the ducks, geese, and swans. Most modern species in the order are highly adapted for an aquatic existence at the water surface. With the exception of screamers, males have penises, a trait that has been lost in the Neoaves, the clade consisting of all other modern birds except the galliformes and paleognaths. Due to their aquatic nature, most species are web-footed.