hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Da'a'im al-Islam
Da'a'im al-Islam (Arabic: دعائم الإسلام lit. The Pillars of Islam) is an Ismaili Shia Islam Muslim book of jurisprudence.

The book was written by Al-Qadi al-Nu'man. He served as da'i of four imams (from Ismaili 11th Imam Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah to 14th Imam al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah the first four Fatimid caliphs of Egypt). The book emphasizes what importance Islam has given to manners and etiquette along with Ibadah, the worship of God, citing references of first five Fatimid imams and earlier Shia imams, 
Imam hasan, Imam hussain, Imam ali zainul abedin, Muhammad al-Baqir and Jafar-as-Sadiq.

Subsequent Fatimid imams and caliphs and Ismaili dai's have relied on Da'a'im-ul-Islam'.  The 16th Fatimid imam — Caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (996–1021) — ordered his da'i, Harun bin Mohammed in Yemen, to give decisions in light of Da'a'im al-Islam only.

Da'i
A da'i (Arabic: داعي, romanized: dāʿī, lit. 'inviter, caller', [ˈdæːʕi(ː)]) is generally someone who engages in Dawah, the act of inviting people to Islam.

Dāʿī the inviter or summoner, i.e. the one who invites to true religion, as God says: "And as a summoner unto Allah by His permission, and as a luminous lamp" (33:46).

In this verse the Prophet is called da'i because he himself used to do Dawah and others used to do it under his supervision. In the time of the Prophet there were definitely Dāʿī's to invite on his behalf, for the main function of Prophethood and Dawah is carried on under his supervision.
Ballestone Mansion
The Ballestone-Stansbury House, once misidentified as the Ballestone Mansion, is a historic plantation  home located on Cedar Point between Back and Middle Rivers in Essex, Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. It is a part of the Rocky Point Park and is owned by Baltimore County. It was built during the late 18th or early 19th century and has been enlarged twice. The original portion was built about 1800.

A one-story addition added 506 square feet to the house. A second floor was added to the addition c. 1870–1880.

Ballestone Mansion was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 18, 1975.

Baltimore County, Maryland
Baltimore County is the third-most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Baltimore County partly surrounds but does not include the independent city of Baltimore. It is part of the Northeast megalopolis, which stretches from Northern Virginia in the south to Boston in the north and includes major American population centers, including New York City and Philadelphia. Major economic sectors in the county include education, government, and health care. As of the 2020 census, the population was 854,535. The county is home to several universities, including Goucher College, Stevenson University, Towson University, and University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
Anthony Genatempo
Anthony W. Genatempo is a retired United States Air Force major general who last served as the director of the C3I Networks Directorate at the Air Force Life Cycle Management Center from 2022 to 2025. He previously commanded the Air Force Nuclear Weapons Center from 2020 to 2022.

Air Force Nuclear Weapons Center
The Air Force Nuclear Weapons Center is a USAF named unit, assigned to the Air Force Materiel Command at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico. The center operates at the center level of the AFMC. It is currently under the command of Brigadier General William S. Rogers.

Established on 31 March 2006, the center is Air Force Materiel Command's (AFMC) center of expertise for nuclear weapon systems. It is the single AFMC voice for integrating nuclear weapon systems requirements and nuclear weapon system resource management.
Duel of Angels
Duel of Angels  (1963) is an English-language adaptation by Christopher Fry of the play Pour Lucrèce (1944) by French dramatist Jean Giraudoux. The play is based on the story of Lucretia, the virtuous Roman housewife who was raped and, finding no support from her husband and his friends, is driven to suicide.  This is the same legend that was used by Shakespeare in The Rape of Lucrece. Giraudoux gives the Roman legend a new locale, setting his drama in nineteenth-century Aix-en-Provence in southern France.

Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence, often known as simply Aix, is a city and commune in southern France, about 30 km (20 mi) north of Marseille. A former capital of Provence, it is the subprefecture of the arrondissement of Aix-en-Provence, in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. The population of Aix-en-Provence is approximately 148,000. Its inhabitants are called Aixois or, less commonly, Aquisextains.
The Curse of Fenric
The Curse of Fenric is the third serial of the 26th season of the British science-fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 25 October to 15 November 1989.

In it, the ancient evil force Fenric uses the vampiric Haemovores, descendants of humanity from the future, to attack a World War II naval base in England and orders them to destroy life on Earth by poisoning it with chemicals.

Two further versions of this story exist: the 1991 video release incorporated about six minutes of extra material into the original narrative, and the 2003 DVD included a 'Special Edition' edited into a single movie-length feature, with new special effects, re-editing of some scenes, and 12 minutes of unbroadcast footage. In 2023, an additional special edition was released as part of Tales of the TARDIS.

Science fiction on television
Science fiction (Sci-fi) first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality.
Werner H. Kramarsky
Werner Hans Kramarsky (March 5, 1926 – August 22, 2019) was a Dutch-born American public official and art collector. His collection included works by Mel Bochner, Eva Hesse, Ellsworth Kelly, Sol LeWitt, Brice Marden, Agnes Martin, Richard Serra. He donated some of it to the Museum of Modern Art. He donated about 300 works on paper, to Harvard’s collection of contemporary art

His papers are in the archives of the MoMa where he was a trustee and a donor.

Mel Bochner
Melvin Simon Bochner (August 23, 1940 – February 12, 2025) was an American conceptual artist. 
He is considered to be one of the founders of Conceptual Art, and credited with reshaping the canon of contemporary art. Bochner's 1966 exhibition, “Working Drawings And Other Visible Things On Paper Not Necessarily Meant To Be Viewed As Art,” is cited as one of the first conceptual art exhibitions in the world.
Clancy Lowered the Boom
"Clancy Lowered the Boom" is a song written by Hy Heath and Johnny Lange in 1947, made famous by Dennis Day on Jack Benny's radio program (The Jack Benny Program). The song follows the adventures of a stereotypical Irishman as he "lowers the boom" on any person that gives him "guff". Day's recording for RCA Victor briefly charted in the No. 23 spot in the Billboard charts in 1949.

Several variations of the lyrics are available online, but do not include the final line from Dennis Day's RCA Victor recording:  "Now sure, an' it was the most beautiful sight y' ever did see when Clancy lower'd the boom!"

Stereotype
In social psychology, a stereotype is a generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. Stereotypes make information processing easier by allowing the perceiver to rely on previously stored knowledge in place of incoming information. Stereotypes are often faulty, inaccurate, and resistant to new information. Although stereotypes generally have negative implications, they are not necessarily so; they may be positive, neutral, or negative. They can be broken down into two categories: explicit stereotypes, which are conscious, and implicit stereotypes, which are subconscious.
Razafitiana Auguste Jaonarison
Razafitiana Auguste Jaonarison is a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party; he represents the constituency of Antanambao Manampotsy.

Tiako i Madagasikara
Tiako I Madagasikara (TIM, lit. 'I Love Madagascar'; French: J'aime Madagascar) is a political party in Madagascar founded on July 3, 2002, to support President Marc Ravalomanana. After the parliamentary election held on September 23, 2007, it was the largest party in the National Assembly of Madagascar, with 106 of 127 seats. The party is located in MAGRO Ankorondrano, Antananarivo. Ravalomanana was re-elected with 55.79% in the December 2006 presidential election.

Solofonantenaina Razoarimihaja was the President of TIM from 2002 to 2007. On October 12, 2007, he was succeeded by Yvan Randriasandratriniony, who became the Interim National President. Randriasandratriniony was officially elected as President of TIM on May 21, 2008, at the party's second national congress. Rina Randriamasinoro was the party's Secretary-General in 2023.

Ravalomanana led his personal movement in the 2013, 2018, and 2023 presidential elections.
Dubai Polo Team
The Dubai Polo Team is a polo team, with bases in the UK, Spain, US, Argentina and Dubai.

The Dubai Polo Team have won the British Open for the Jaeger-LeCoultre Gold Cup and the Cartier Queen's Cup many times. The team's patron is businessman Ali Albwardy. Adolfo Cambiaso is a regular player on the team, alongside Albwardy and his sons Tariq and Rashid. Other players to have been on the team include Lolo Castanola, Lucas Monteverde, Pablo Mac Donough and Piki Diaz Alberdi and more recently Bartolome Castagnola and Jeta Castagnola.

Cartier Queen's Cup
The Cartier Queen's Cup is a 22-goal polo tournament at the Guards Polo Club in England. Named after Queen Elizabeth II, it is held annually in May–June. According to Country Life, it is the "jewel in the polo calendar" and it "encapsulates the best of the British season."
Leonid I. Vainerman
Leonid Iosifovich Vainerman (Ukrainian: Леонiд Йосипович Вайнерман; Russian: Леонид Иосифович Вайнерман; alternative spelling: Leonid Iosifovich Vaynerman; born November 15, 1946, in Kyiv, Ukraine) is a Ukrainian and French mathematician, professor emeritus at University of Caen Normandy. Vainerman's research results are in functional analysis, ordinary differential equations, operator theory, topological groups, Lie groups, and abstract harmonic analysis. In the 1970s, he co-developed  Pontryagin-style dualities for non-commutative topological groups, a set of results that served as a precursor for the modern theory of quantum groups.

Topological group
In mathematics, topological groups are the combination of groups and topological spaces, i.e. they are groups and topological spaces at the same time, such that the continuity condition for the group operations connects these two structures together and consequently they are not independent from each other.

Topological groups were studied extensively in the period of 1925 to 1940. Haar and Weil (respectively in 1933 and 1940) showed that the integrals and Fourier series are special cases of a construct that can be defined on a very wide class of topological groups.

Topological groups, along with continuous group actions, are used to study continuous symmetries, which have many applications, for example, in physics. In functional analysis, every topological vector space is an additive topological group with the additional property that scalar multiplication is continuous; consequently, many results from the theory of topological groups can be applied to functional analysis.
Helenopolis (Bithynia)
40°43′24″N 29°30′08″E﻿ / ﻿40.72339°N 29.50224°E﻿ / 40.72339; 29.50224
Helenopolis (Greek: Ἑλενόπολις) or Drepana (Δρέπανα) or Drepanon (Δρέπανον) was an ancient Thracian and later Greco-Roman and Byzantine town in Bithynia, Asia Minor, on the southern side of the Gulf of Astacus. Helenopolis has been identified with the modern village of Hersek, in the district of Altınova, Yalova Province. It is traditionally considered as the birthplace of Saint Helena.

Yalova Province
Yalova Province (Turkish: Yalova ili) is a province in northwestern Turkey, on the eastern coast of the Sea of Marmara. Its adjacent provinces are Bursa to the south and Kocaeli to the east. Its area is 798 km2 (making it the smallest province of Turkey), and its population is 296,333 (2022). Prior to 1930, the area around Yalova constituted a district of Kocaeli Province; from 1930 to 1995, it was part of Istanbul Province; in 1995, the area was separated and made into the current Yalova Province. The provincial capital is the city of Yalova.
2007 San Francisco general election
General elections were held on November 6, 2007, in San Francisco, California. The elections included those for San Francisco mayor, district attorney, and sheriff, and eleven San Francisco ballot measures.

The November 2007 election had one of the lowest turnouts in San Francisco history. The final turnout was 35.62%.

The complete tally of election results faced significant delays due to problems with the city's electronic voting machines, which had been identified in September; California Secretary of State Debra Bowen ordered that the 561 machines at polling sites not be used to tabulate votes.

San Francisco Sheriff's Office
The San Francisco Sheriff's Office (SFSO), officially the City and County of San Francisco Sheriff's Office, is the sheriff's office for the City and County of San Francisco. The current sheriff is Paul Miyamoto. The department has 850 deputized personnel and support staff. The SFSO is a separate organization from the San Francisco Police Department. However, SFSO deputies and SFPD officers have all attended a POST-mandated police academy, and are duly sworn California peace officers.

The primary function of the SFSO is to operate the system of county jails where there is an average population of 2,200 inmates, and a number of individuals on supervised release programs.

The SFSO also provides security and law enforcement in the following locations in San Francisco: the civil and criminal court, City Hall, the Emergency Communications & Dispatch center, and the San Francisco General Hospital, Laguna Honda Hospital, and several public health clinics.
Overson
Overson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brent C. Overson (born 1950), American politician

Richard Overson (born 1959), English footballer

Vince Overson (born 1962), English footballer and manager

Richard Overson
Richard John Overson (born 3 June 1959) is an English former professional footballer who played as a central defender. He appeared in the Football League for Hereford United and Burnley, where his brother, Vince, was on the books at the same time. After retiring from football he joined the police.
Quirk Memorial Baptist Church
Quirk Memorial Baptist Church (QMB Church), founded in 1948, is a Baptist Church affiliated to the Convention of Baptist Churches of Northern Circars.  The Church is located on Rama Talkies Road in Resapuvanipalem, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (India).

The QMB Church is known among the Churches in Visakhapatnam for its proactive programmes.

Bachelor of Divinity
In Western universities, a Bachelor of Divinity or Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD, DB, or BDiv; Latin: Baccalaureus Divinitatis) is an academic degree awarded for a course taken in the study of divinity or related disciplines, such as theology or, rarely, religious studies.

At the University of Cambridge, the Bachelor of Divinity degree is considered senior to the university's PhD degree.

In the Catholic universities the Bachelor of Sacred Theology (STB) is often called the Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD) and is treated as a postgraduate qualification.

In America, the BD was largely replaced by the Master of Divinity.
Men and War
Men and War (戦争と人間, Sensō to ningen) is a trilogy of epic war films directed by Satsuo Yamamoto, based on the novel of the same name by Junpei Gomikawa. The films are subtitled Prelude to Destiny (1970), Land of Love and Sorrow (1971), and The Final Chapter (1973). Part I was also released internationally under the title The Battle of Manchuria.

The trilogy follows the rise of the Godai family conglomerate and its involvement in the Second Sino-Japanese War, from the Jinan incident in 1928 to the Nomonhan incident in 1939. Yamamoto had conceived a five-part series, and the story was to continue through the Pacific War to the Tokyo Trials, but Nikkatsu reduced the series to a trilogy after the release of the second film for financial reasons.

Epic film
Epic films have large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle. The term is slightly ambiguous, sometimes designating a film genre and at other times simply big-budget films. Like epics in the classical literary sense, it is often focused on a heroic character. An epic's ambitious nature helps to set it apart from other genres such as the period piece or adventure film.

Epic historical films would usually take a historical or a mythical event and add an extravagant setting, lavish costumes, an expansive musical score, and an ensemble cast, which would make them extremely expensive to produce. The most common subjects of epic films are royalty and important figures from various periods in world history.
The Little Voice
"The Little Voice" is a song by Swedish musician Sahlene from her debut studio album, It's Been a While (2003). It was released as the lead single from the album in 2000, by Roadrunner Arcade Music. The song was written and produced by Patrik Berger and Kara DioGuardi. "The Little Voice" experienced minimal commercial success in Sweden, where it peaked at number 51 on the Swedish national record chart.

Sverigetopplistan
Sverigetopplistan (Swedish: [ˈsvæ̂rjɛˌtɔpːlɪstan], lit. "the Sweden top list") is the Swedish national record chart, based on sales data from IFPI Sverige.  It was formerly known as Topplistan (1975–1997) and Hitlistan (1998–2007) and has been known by its current name since October 2007. Before Topplistan, music sales in Sweden were recorded by Kvällstoppen, whose weekly chart was a combined albums and singles list.
Verdict of Three
"Verdict of Three" was an American television play broadcast on April 24, 1958, as 31st episode of the second season of the CBS television series Playhouse 90. James P. Cavanagh wrote the teleplay loosely based on the 1940 novel, Verdict of Twelve by Raymond Postgate. Buzz Kulik directed and Martin Manulis produced. Michael Wilding, Angela Lansbury, and Yvonne De Carlo starred.

Raymond Postgate
Raymond William Postgate (6 November 1896 – 29 March 1971) was an English socialist, writer, journalist and editor, social historian, mystery novelist, and gourmet who founded the Good Food Guide.  He was a member of the Postgate family.
Asian Para Cycling Championships
The Asian Para Cycling Championships are the two asian championships for para-cycling, where athletes with a physical disability compete, organized by the Asian Cycling Confederation (ACC). The two separate competitions the Asian Para Track Cycling Championships and the Asian Para Road Cycling Championships are held annually.

Physical disability
A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina. Other physical disabilities include impairments which limit other facets of daily living, such as respiratory disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep disorders.
Shafiqul Islam Manik
Shafiqul Islam Manik (Bengali: শফিকুল ইসলাম মানিক; born 21 August 1961) is a Bangladeshi football coach and former national team player. He has both played for and coached the Bangladesh national team.

National Football League (Bangladesh)
The National Football League (Bengali: জাতীয় ফুটবল লিগ) was a semi-professional association football league in Bangladesh, and the first football league in the country to be organized on a national scale.

From 2000 to 2006, the National Football League was contested by club champions from various districts (Chittagong, Rajshahi, Barishal, and Sylhet), in addition to the top three finishing teams from the country's premier division at the time, the Dhaka Premier Division League.

In 2006, the league was folded, as the Dhaka Premier Division League was replaced by the country's first professional top-tier national league, the Bangladesh Premier League.
Review Board
Review Board is a web-based collaborative code review tool, available as free software under the MIT License.

An alternative to Rietveld and Gerrit, Review Board integrates with Bazaar, ClearCase, CVS, Git, Mercurial, Perforce, and Subversion.

Review Board can be installed on any server running Apache or lighttpd and is free for both personal and commercial use.

There is also an official commercial Review Board hosting service, RBCommons.

Review requests can be posted manually or automatically using either a REST Web API, or a Python script.

Lighttpd
lighttpd (prescribed pronunciation: "lighty") is an open-source web server optimized for speed-critical environments. It was originally written by Jan Kneschke as a proof-of-concept of the c10k problem – how to handle 10,000 connections in parallel on one server,
but has gained worldwide popularity. Its name is a portmanteau of "light" and "httpd".
Jaya Sharma
Jaya Sharma (born 17 September 1980) is an Indian former cricketer who played as a left-handed batter. She appeared in one Test match, 77 One Day Internationals and one Twenty20 International for India between 2002 and 2008, including playing at the 2005 World Cup. She played domestic cricket for Delhi, Railways and Rajasthan.

She was the first female recipient of the BCCI Player of the Year award, in 2007. Her 138* against Pakistan at the 2005–06 Women's Asia Cup is the third highest score for India in Women's ODIs. She scored another century against the visiting Australians in 2007.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
Monte Catria
The Monte Catria is a mountain in the central Apennines, in the province of Pesaro e Urbino, Marche, central Italy. The highest peak is at 1,702 metres (5,584 ft) above sea level.

It is a massif of limestone rocks dating to some 200 million years ago.

Historically, it marked the boundary between the Exarchate of Ravenna and the Duchy of Spoleto

The source of the Cesano river is located nearby.

Duchy of Spoleto
42°44′N 12°44′E﻿ / ﻿42.733°N 12.733°E﻿ / 42.733; 12.733

The Duchy of Spoleto (Latin: Ducatus Spolitanorum) was a Lombard territory founded about 570 in central Italy by the Lombard dux Faroald. Its capital was the city of Spoleto.