hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Virginia C. Bulat
Virginia Catherine Bulat, the pen and maiden name of Virginia Bulat Carroll (23 March 1938 – 21 December 1986), was an independent scholar and historian of local Illinois history. Bulat was born in Chicago, Illinois and attended Nazareth Academy in La Grange, Illinois (1952–1956).

Bulat was the daughter of Edmund Peter Bulat, winner of the 1933 State of Illinois middleweight Golden Gloves amateur boxing championship.

Bulat worked in the publishing industry in Chicago in the early 1960s. She later became an amateur archaeologist and worked for the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. State Department. Bulat was a third-generation American of Austrian-Polish heritage. The surname Bulat makes reference to bulat steel. In 1963, she married James B. Carroll, a career U.S. diplomat and graduate of the University of Notre Dame. She was the mother of four children (Margaret Mary, James Edmund, Mary Elizabeth and Patrick Braerton).

Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.
9 (soundtrack)
9: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the 2009 animated film of the same name released by Relativity Music Group on August 31, 2009 in digital and physical formats, nine days before the film's release. The album features original score cues composed by Deborah Lurie and themes composed by Danny Elfman, and features an original song "Welcome Home" written, composed and performed by Coheed and Cambria and lyrics by Claudio Sanchez.

Claudio Sanchez
Claudio Paul Sanchez III (born March 12, 1978) is an American musician and writer best known for being the lead singer, guitarist and primary lyricist for the progressive rock band Coheed and Cambria. He is the creator of the comic book series The Amory Wars, as well as Key of Z and Kill Audio, both co-written with his wife Chondra Echert. Sanchez co-authored the novel Year of the Black Rainbow with Peter David.
WYOH
WYOH (1540 AM) – branded as Real Talk 1540 WYOH – is a commercial daytime-only radio station licensed to serve Niles, Ohio. Owned by Sagittarius Communications, LLC., the station covers the Youngstown metropolitan area. WYOH broadcasts a progressive talk format. The WYOH studios and transmitter are both located in Mineral Ridge; in addition to a standard analog transmission, WYOH is also available online.

Niles, Ohio
Niles is a city in Trumbull County, Ohio, United States. The population was 18,443 at the 2020 census. Located at the confluence of the Mahoning River and Mosquito Creek, Niles is a suburb in the Youngstown–Warren metropolitan area.

Niles is best known as the birthplace of William McKinley, the 25th president of the United States. Located in the Rust Belt, the city's economy focused initially on iron manufacturing but later diversified to include steel and glass production. After the decline of heavy industry in the region in the 1970s, Niles became a retail hub for the northern Mahoning Valley with development centered around the Eastwood Mall complex and along the U.S. Route 422 corridor. The Mahoning Valley Scrappers baseball team plays at 7 17 Credit Union Field at Eastwood in Niles.
Chief of the Defence Staff (Ghana)
The Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) is the professional head of the Ghana Armed Forces. He is thus responsible for the administration and the operational control and command of the Ghana military.  The CDS is a member of the Armed Forces Council. This council advice the President of Ghana on matters of policy relating to defence and also regulates the administration of the Armed Forces. It also advises the President on the promotion of all officers above the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel or its equivalent.

The CDS is appointed by the President, in consultation with the Council of State of Ghana.

The current CDS is Major General William Agyapong. He was appointed by John Mahama in March 2025.

President of Ghana
The president of the Republic of Ghana is the elected head of state and head of government of Ghana, as well as commander-in-chief of the Ghana Armed Forces. The current president of Ghana is John Mahama, who won the 2024 presidential election against then vice president, Mahamudu Bawumia, by a margin of 14.94%. He was sworn into office on 7 January 2025.
Kevin Hart: What Now? (The Mixtape Presents Chocolate Droppa)
Kevin Hart: What Now? (The Mixtape Presents Chocolate Droppa) is the debut mixtape hosted by Chocolate Droppa, the musical alter ego of actor and comedian Kevin Hart. The album was released on October 14, 2016, by Motown Records. Guest appearances include Trey Songz, T.I., Migos, Tink, Big Sean, 2 Chainz, Kent Jones, Lil Yachty, PnB Rock, Nick Jonas, Wale, BJ the Chicago Kid, and Chris Brown, among others.

Kent Jones (rapper)
Daryl Kent Jones (born April 14, 1993) is an American rapper, singer-songwriter, and record producer. He is best known for his 2016 debut single "Don't Mind", which peaked at number eight on the US Billboard Hot 100.

Jones signed with Cool & Dre's Epidemic Records in 2014, and DJ Khaled's We the Best Music Group, an then-imprint of Epic Records later that same year. His debut mixtape, Tours (2015), contained "Don't Mind", which became a sleeper hit the following year.
Stumptown AC
Stumptown AC, formerly Stumptown Athletic, was an American professional soccer team that played in the National Independent Soccer Association (NISA). The club was based in Matthews, North Carolina, a suburb of Charlotte.

National Independent Soccer Association
The National Independent Soccer Association (NISA) is a professional men's soccer league in the United States. The league is previously in the third tier of American soccer and began play in 2019. NISA initially used a fall-to-spring season format with a winter break but have switched to spring-to-fall which is more common in the United States. The league went on hiatus during the 2025 season but plans to resume play in 2026.
Thiên Mụ Temple
16°27′13″N 107°32′41″E﻿ / ﻿16.453599°N 107.544812°E﻿ / 16.453599; 107.544812

The Thiên Mụ Temple (meaning Temple of the Celestial Lady, Vietnamese: Chùa Thiên Mụ; also called Linh Mụ Temple) is a historic temple in the city of Huế in Vietnam. Its iconic seven-story Phước Duyên pagoda is regarded as the unofficial symbol of the city, and the temple has often been the subject of folk rhymes and ca dao about Huế.

The temple sits on the Hà Khê hill, in the ward of Hương Long in Huế. It is around 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the Citadel of Huế constructed by the first emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty on the site of a pre-existing shrine and sits on the northern bank of the Perfume River.

Perfume River
The Perfume River (Vietnamese: Sông Hương or Hương Giang) is a river that crosses the city of Huế, in central Vietnam. In the autumn, flowers from orchards upriver from Huế fall into the water, giving the river a perfume-like aroma, hence the sobriquet.
New Testament apocrypha
The New Testament apocrypha (singular apocryphon) are a number of writings by early Christians that give accounts of Jesus and his teachings, the nature of God, or the teachings of his apostles and of their lives. Some of these writings were cited as scripture by early Christians, but since the fifth century a widespread consensus has emerged limiting the New Testament to the 27 books of the modern canon. Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestant churches generally do not view the New Testament apocrypha as part of the Bible.

Development of the New Testament canon
The canon of the New Testament is the set of books many modern Christians regard as divinely inspired and constituting the New Testament of the Christian Bible. For most churches, the canon is an agreed-upon list of 27 books that includes the canonical Gospels, Acts, letters attributed to various apostles, and Revelation.

Initially the canon was a list of the books suited to be read out in church liturgies and used to justify doctrine. The lists initially differed among the geographically-separated churches in antiquity, according to ancient church historian Eusebius. There is a consensus that the 27 books constituting the canon today are the same 27 books generally recognized in the first centuries.
Plainfield (soil)
Plainfield soil series is the name given to a sandy soil which has developed on coarse-textured drift. It is an excessively drained entisol which typically has a brown profile with weak horizon development.

This is an extensive soil, covering more than 750,000 acres (3,000 km2) in the midwestern United States and southern Ontario in Canada.  It has a long history of cultivation with corn, grains and hay the chief crops. It is not as severely leached as the sandy podzols found in cooler, wetter climates, but poor land management has made some areas infertile. Today, pine plantations are common in the less fertile areas while farms under intensive management, including irrigation, raise specialty produce such as sweet corn and snap beans.

The series was established in Plainfield, Waushara County, Wisconsin.

Plainfield (town), Wisconsin
Plainfield is a town in Waushara County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 533 at the 2000 census. The village of Plainfield is surrounded by the town. The ghost town of West Plainfield (still the present day site of the Town of Plainfield town hall) is located in the town.
Dave Pratt
Dave Pratt is an American radio personality, known to his fans as the "Morning Mayor". His show Dave Pratt in the Morning became the longest running rock and roll morning show in the United States. Pratt has sold more than 100,000 albums with his band (Sex Machine Band), headlining sold-out shows in major venues throughout Arizona.

The sobriquet "Morning Mayor" was given to him by Attorney General Terry Goddard.

Sobriquet
A sobriquet (/ˈsoʊ.brɪ.ˌkeɪ, ˌsoʊ.brɪ.ˈkeɪ/ SOH-brih-kay, -⁠KAY) is a descriptive nickname, sometimes assumed, but often given by another. A sobriquet is distinct from a pseudonym in that it is typically a familiar name used in place of a real name without the need for explanation; it may even become more familiar than the original name.

An example is Mohandas Gandhi, who is better known as Mahatma Gandhi ("mahatma" means "great soul" in Sanskrit).

The term sobriquet is equally applicable as a name for a person, group of people, historical event, or place. Well-known places often have sobriquets, such as New York City, often called the "Big Apple", or Rome, the "Eternal City", or Vienna, the "Golden Apple" or Paris the "City of Light".
Clingman Avenue Historic District
Clingman Avenue Historic District is a national historic district located at Asheville, Buncombe County, North Carolina.  The district encompassed 33 contributing buildings in a historically African-American residential section of Asheville. It was largely developed in the early-20th century and includes representative examples of Queen Anne and Bungalow style dwellings.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Buncombe County, North Carolina
Buncombe County (/ˈbʌŋkəm/ BUNK-um) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is classified within Western North Carolina. The 2020 census reported the population was 269,452, making it the 7th-most populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is Asheville. Buncombe County is part of the Asheville, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Paraphragmitidae
Paraphragmitidae is an extinct family of actively mobile aquatic carnivorous cephalopods belonging to the subclass Orthoceratoidea endemic to what would be Asia and Europe during the Silurian living from 436 to 418.7 mya, existing for approximately 17.3 million years.

In life, these animals may have been similar to the modern squid, except for the long shell. The internal structure of the shell consists of concavo-convex chambers linked by a centrally-placed tube called a siphuncle.

Carnivore
A carnivore /ˈkɑːrnɪvɔːr/, or meat-eater (Latin, caro, genitive carnis, meaning meat or flesh and vorare meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose nutrition and energy requirements are met by consumption of animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) as food, whether through predation or scavenging.
Fairmont Subdivision
The Fairmont Subdivision is a railroad line owned and operated by CSX Transportation in the U.S. state of West Virginia. The line runs from Grafton northwest to Rivesville along the old Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road main line and a former branch of it.

At its southeast end, the Fairmont Subdivision junctions with the Mountain Subdivision near its west end, where it becomes the Bridgeport Subdivision. The northwest end is at a junction with the Norfolk Southern Railway's Loveridge Secondary, along which CSX has trackage rights north to the Mon Subdivision near Brownsville, Pennsylvania.

Grafton, West Virginia
Grafton is a city in Taylor County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. The population was 4,729 at the 2020 census. Located along the Tygart Valley River, it originally developed as a junction point for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, serving numerous branches of a network that was vital to the regional coal industry.

Grafton is the home of both of West Virginia's national cemeteries, and was where the West Virginia Equal Suffrage Association formed in 1895. Mother's Day was founded in Grafton on May 10, 1908, and the city is home to the International Mother's Day Shrine. Grafton was also among the first cities in the United States to observe Memorial Day.
Jack Hand
Jack Jefferson Hand (September 25, 1912 – May 6, 1995) was an American sports reporter for the Associated Press (AP) from 1943 to 1971. His work included coverage of the Olympic Games, the World Series, championship boxing, and the first Super Bowl. He was given the Nat Fleischer Award by the Boxing Writers Association of America in 1975 for excellence in boxing journalism. After retiring from the AP, Hand was an information and editorial coordinator for the National Football League (NFL) and later was a consultant and contributor to the NFL's weekly GameDay program (now known as Sunday NFL Countdown).

Hand was a graduate of Hamilton College in New York. He began his journalism career for The Binghamton Sun in his hometown of Binghamton, New York and broadcast games of the Binghamton Triplets minor league baseball team. He died aged 82 on May 6, 1995, in his home in New Milford, Pennsylvania.

Boxing Writers Association of America
The Boxing Writers Association of America (BWAA) was originally formed in 1926 as the Boxing Writers Association of Greater New York. The association's purpose is to promote better working conditions for boxing writers, as well as hold its writers to the highest professional and ethical standards.  The BWAA has a yearly awards banquet where it names fighter, fight, and trainer of the year, among other awards.
Olga Beaver
Olga Beaver (12 November 1942 – 7 December 2012), informally called Ollie, was a Czech-American mathematician and Professor of Mathematics at Williams College.  She was the recipient of the second Louise Hay Award from the Association for Women in Mathematics.  She is noted for having founded the Summer Science Program at Williams. She served as the director of the SSP for many years, and was the chair of the Mathematics Department at Williams for five and a half years.

Association for Women in Mathematics
The Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM) is a professional society whose mission is to encourage women and girls to study and to have active careers in the mathematical sciences, and to promote equal opportunity for and the equal treatment of women and girls in the mathematical sciences. The AWM was founded in 1971 and incorporated in the state of Massachusetts.  AWM has approximately 5200 members, including over 250 institutional members, such as colleges, universities, institutes, and mathematical societies.  It offers numerous programs and workshops to mentor women and girls in the mathematical sciences.  Much of AWM's work is supported through federal grants.
Afrikaner Broederbond
The Afrikaner Broederbond (AB) or simply the Broederbond was an exclusively Afrikaner Calvinist and male secret society in South Africa dedicated to the advancement of the Afrikaner people. It was founded by H. J. Klopper, H.W. van der Merwe, D. H. C. du Plessis and the Rev. Jozua Naudé in 1918 as Jong Zuid Afrika (Dutch: Young South Africa) until 1920, when it was renamed the Broederbond. Its influence within South African political and social life came to a climax with the 1948-1994 rule of the white supremacist National Party and its policy of apartheid, which was largely developed and implemented by Broederbond members. Between 1948 and 1994, many prominent figures of Afrikaner political, cultural, and religious life, including every leader of the South African government, were members of the Afrikaner Broederbond.

D. F. Malan
Daniël François Malan PC  (Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈdɑːni.əl franˈsʋɑː mɑːˈlan]; 22 May 1874 – 7 February 1959) was a South African politician who served as the fourth prime minister of South Africa from 1948 to 1954. The National Party implemented the system of apartheid, which enforced racial segregation laws, during his tenure as prime minister.
Who the Hell Are You
"Who the Hell Are You" is a song by Australian house music band Madison Avenue, released as the second single from their only studio album, The Polyester Embassy (2000). The song was released in Australia on 5 June 2000 and was given a UK release on 9 October 2000. In the United States, the single was serviced to rhythmic contemporary radio in January 2001. The song contains elements from Vernon Burch's 1979 song "Get Up".

"Who the Hell Are You" was a hit in the band's native Australia, debuting at number one on the ARIA Singles Chart and staying there for two weeks. Later in the year, the song reached number 10 in the United Kingdom, number 32 in New Zealand, and number 41 in Ireland. In March 2001, it topped the US Billboard Dance Club Play chart for a week. The song's music video, directed by Mark Hartley, won the 2000 ARIA Music Award for Best Video.

Rhythmic contemporary
Rhythmic contemporary, also known as Rhythmic Top 20, Rhythmic Top 30, Rhythmic Top 40, Rhythmic CHR or rhythmic crossover, is a primarily American music-radio format that includes a mix of EDM, upbeat rhythmic pop, hip-hop and upbeat R&B hits. Rhythmic contemporary never uses hard rock or country in its airplay, but it may occasionally use a reggae, Latin, reggaeton, or an urban contemporary gospel hit. Essentially, the format is a cross between the mainstream radio and urban contemporary radio formats.
Highways Festival
Highways is a country and Americana music festival that has been held at the Royal Albert Hall in London every year since 2023. The inaugural edition of the festival took place on 20 May 2023, which the festival expanding to two nights at the following two iterations. As of the 2026 iteration, the festival has taken place over three nights. It is a joint production between the Royal Albert Hall and Live Nation Entertainment.

Americana music
Americana is a general term for country rock and rockabilly formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the musical ethos of the United States, with particular emphasis on music historically developed in the American South.
Barltrop
Barltrop is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bojana Barltrop (born 1949), Yugoslav artist and photographer

Mabel Barltrop (1866–1934), English religious leader

Robert Barltrop (1922–2009), English socialist activist, essayist, biographer, artist, and illustrator

Bojana Barltrop
Bojana Barltrop (born Bojana Jovanovic, in 1949 in Skopje, Yugoslavia. Also known as Bojana Komadina) is an artist and photographer. Barltrop's process-based body of work and research investigate the relationship between desire and politics through the lenses of the performative body and the architectural space.
2009 in piracy
In 2009, much greater international resolution has resulted in more control of piracy than in the prior decade, although many pirates still operate from Somalia.

On 2 January a Netherlands Antilles-registered cargo ship was attacked by pirates in the Gulf of Aden.  A Danish antipiracy ship, the Absalon, sent an armed helicopter that fired warning shots and flares.  The pirate speedboat caught fire and sank.

On 5 January, a Sierra Leone cargo vessel was attacked and chased by 4 pirate vessels in the Gulf of Aden.  The ship escaped.

On April 8, the cargo of the Maersk Alabama was attacked and captured by  Somali pirates 240 nautical miles (440 km) southeast of the Somalia port city of Eyl.

On August 27, Somali Pirates aboard M/V Win Far fired a large caliber weapon at a U.S. Navy SH-60B assigned to the USS Chancellorsville.

Eyl
Eyl is an ancient port town in the northeastern Nugal region of Somalia in the autonomous Puntland region, also serving as the capital of the Eyl District. Eyl, also called Illig, was the capital of the Dervish from 1905 onwards, until superseded by Taleh, which became Dervish capital in 1909.
Alabama State Route 181
State Route 181 (SR 181) is a 18.235-mile-long (29.346 km) route in Baldwin County in the southwestern part of the state.  The southern terminus of the route is at its junction with US 98 near Magnolia Springs.  The northern terminus of the route is at its junction with US 31, near Spanish Fort.

Magnolia Springs, Alabama
Magnolia Springs is a town in south Baldwin County, Alabama, United States, in the Daphne-Fairhope-Foley metropolitan area. The town voted to incorporate in 2006. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 811.
Osteonectin
Osteonectin (ON) also known as secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) or basement-membrane protein 40 (BM-40) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPARC gene.

Osteonectin is a glycoprotein in the bone that binds calcium. It is secreted by osteoblasts during bone formation, initiating mineralization and promoting mineral crystal formation. Osteonectin also shows affinity for collagen in addition to bone mineral calcium.  A correlation between osteonectin over-expression and ampullary cancers and chronic pancreatitis has been found.

Chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing inflammation of the pancreas that alters the organ's normal structure and functions. It can present as episodes of acute inflammation in a previously injured pancreas, or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption. It is a disease process characterized by irreversible damage to the pancreas as distinct from reversible changes in acute pancreatitis. Tobacco smoke and alcohol misuse are two of the most frequently implicated causes, and the two risk factors are thought to have a synergistic effect with regard to the development of chronic pancreatitis. Chronic pancreatitis is a risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer.