hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Delta Southern Railroad
Delta Southern Railroad Company (reporting mark DSRR) is a Class III short-line railroad headquartered in Tallulah, Louisiana, United States.

DSRR operates two disconnected lines, both of which interchange with Union Pacific:

A 14-mile line from Monroe, Louisiana, to Sterlington, Louisiana

A 37-mile line from Tallulah, Louisiana to Talla Bena, Louisiana. The line north of this is currently the subject of litigation between DSR and several entities in Louisiana and Arkansas regarding what they consider to be DSR's refusal to rehabilitate the line to make service operational to Lake Providence, Louisiana and the Port of Lake Providence, and ultimately to McGehee, Arkansas via adjoining track; the Port has filed a feeder line application with the Surface Transportation Board to acquire the line in controversy.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Conus gradatulus
Conus gradatulus, common name the Agulhas cone shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.

Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of stinging humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.

Body whorl
The body whorl is part of the morphology of the shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk.
Mittelhausen, Bas-Rhin
Mittelhausen (French pronunciation: [mitəlauzən]; Alsatian: Mìttelhüse) is a former commune in the Bas-Rhin department in north-eastern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Wingersheim-les-Quatre-Bans.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
The Master of Ragnarok & Blesser of Einherjar
The Master of Ragnarok & Blesser of Einherjar (Japanese: 百錬の覇王と聖約の戦乙女（ヴァルキュリア）, Hepburn: Hyakuren no Haō to Seiyaku no Varukyuria; literally "Well-Tempered High King and Valkyrie of Covenant") is a Japanese light novel series written by Seiichi Takayama and illustrated by Yukisan. The series is published in English by J-Novel Club. Chany is serializing a manga adaptation on Hobby Japan's website. An anime television series adaptation by EMT Squared aired from July to September 2018.

Aya Uchida
Aya Uchida (内田 彩, Uchida Aya; born July 23, 1986) is a Japanese voice actress and singer. She played Kotori Minami in Love Live! School Idol Project and Kaban in Kemono Friends. She released the single "Sign/Candy Flavor", the song "Sign" was used as the ending theme for The Quintessential Quintuplets. Her nickname is Ucchi.
William Hansson
William Hansson (born 19 June 2001) is a Swedish World Cup alpine ski racer.

He represented Sweden at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2021, and was part of the Swedish team that earned a silver medal in the combined men's and women's team competition.

FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts that included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie). It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.

The inaugural World Cup race was held on 5 January 1967 in Berchtesgaden, West Germany, a slalom won by Heinrich Messner of Austria. Jean-Claude Killy of France and Nancy Greene of Canada were the overall winners for the first two seasons.
Batman: The Doom That Came to Gotham (film)
Batman: The Doom That Came to Gotham is a 2023 American animated superhero film based on the DC Comics character Batman, produced by Warner Bros. Animation and distributed by Warner Bros. Home Entertainment. It is the 52nd installment in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies line.

Inspired by the three-issue comic book miniseries of the same name published from November 2000 to January 2001 under DC Comics' Elseworlds imprint, the film follows an alternate Batman in the 1920s, who is fighting against supernatural forces that are taking Gotham by storm after he accidentally reawakens an entity known as the Lurker on the Threshold.

Although the story uses elements of an August Derleth's novel, the title itself is a nod to a story from H. P. Lovecraft's Dream Cycle: The Doom That Came to Sarnath.

Superhero film
The superhero film is a film genre categorized by the presence of superhero characters, individuals with extraordinary abilities who are dedicated to fighting crime, saving the world, or helping the innocent. It is sometimes considered a sub-genre of the action film genre and has evolved into one of the most financially successful film genres worldwide. These films focus on superhuman abilities, advanced technology, mystical phenomena, or exceptional physical and mental skills that enable these heroes to fight for the common good or defeat a supervillain antagonist.

Superhero films typically include genre elements of romance, comedy, fantasy, and science fiction, with large instances of the superhero genre predominantly occupied and produced by American media franchises DC and Marvel, originally adaptations of their existing works of superhero comic books. Individual superhero films frequently contain a character's origin story.
Number 1 Happy Family USA
#1 Happy Family USA is an American adult animated sitcom created by Ramy Youssef and Pam Brady for Amazon Prime Video. It follows the Husseins, an Egyptian-American Muslim family, as they navigate the 2000s. It premiered on April 17, 2025.

Randa Jarrar
Randa Jarrar (born 1978), also known as Ra Jarrar is an American writer and translator. Her first novel, the coming-of-age story A Map of Home (2008), won her the Hopwood Award, and an Arab American Book Award. Since then she has published short stories, essays, the collection, Him, Me, Muhammad Ali (2016), and the memoir, Love Is an Ex-Country (2021).

She teaches creative writing in an MFA program at California State University at Fresno.
Chasseral
The Chasseral is a mountain of the Jura Mountains, overlooking Lake Biel in the Swiss canton of Bern. With an elevation of 1,606 metres above sea level, the Chasseral is the highest summit in the canton of Bern outside the Alps. It is also both the northernmost and easternmost mountain reaching over 1,500 metres in the Jura Mountains. West of the summit is located the Chasseral Ouest (1,552 m), where runs the border with the canton of Neuchâtel. The Chasseral Pass is located further on the west.

The Chasseral is the fourth most topographically isolated mountain of Switzerland, although it is the first when considering only easily accessible summits. This results in a very extensive view over the other mountains of the Jura, the Swiss Plateau, the Alps, the Vosges and the Black Forest. The summit can be reached from the Chasseral hotel, where there is a bus stop.

Vosges
The Vosges (/voʊʒ/ VOHZH, French: [voʒ] ⓘ; German: Vogesen [voˈɡeːzn̩] ⓘ; Franconian and Alemannic German: Vogese) is a range of medium mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single geomorphological unit and low mountain range of around 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi) in area. It runs in a north-northeast direction from the Burgundian Gate (the Belfort–Ronchamp–Lure line) to the Börrstadt Basin (the Winnweiler–Börrstadt–Göllheim line), and forms the western boundary of the Upper Rhine Plain.

The Grand Ballon is the highest peak at 1,424 m (4,672 ft), followed by the Storkenkopf (1,366 m, 4,482 ft), and the Hohneck (1,364 m, 4,475 ft).
Varduva
Varduva is a river in northwestern Lithuania. Its length is 90.3 kilometres (56.1 mi). It is a left tributary of Venta; their confluence is on the Lithuania–Latvia border. Its origins and upper reaches are located within the Žemaitija National Park. Its largest tributary is Sruoja. Larger settlements situated near Varduva include Žemaičių Kalvarija, Seda, Renavas, Ukrinai. Varduva has five small hydroelectric power plants: Kulšėnai, Ukrinai, Vadagiai, Juodeikiai, Renavas. The largest of these plants in Juodeikiai produced 2.99 GWh of electricity in 2010.

Kilowatt-hour
A kilowatt-hour (unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units, which is the energy delivered by one kilowatt of power for one hour. Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities. Metric prefixes are used for multiples and submultiples of the basic unit, the watt-hour (3.6 kJ).
Waka–Kabic languages
The Waka–Kabic (Waka-Gabi) languages form a nearly extinct family of Pama–Nyungan languages of Australia.

Miyan may be a single language, Wakawaka. Batjala, a possible dialect of Gubbi Gubbi, still has 89 speakers in 2021, and Taribelang still has some L2 speakers.

The Kingkel languages, Darumbal and Bayali, are sometimes believed to be Waka-Kabic. Bowern (2011) moved Darumbal to the Maric languages, but did not address Bayali. The two languages are not close.

Second language
A second language (L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1). A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language of the speaker's home country, or a foreign language.

A speaker's dominant language, which is the language a speaker uses most or is most comfortable with, is not necessarily the speaker's first language. For example, the Canadian census defines first language for its purposes as "What is the language that this person first learned at home in childhood and still understands?", recognizing that for some, the earliest language may be lost, a process known as language attrition. This can happen when young children start school or move to a new language environment.
Jamie Shaul
Jamie Shaul (born 1 July 1992) is a former England International rugby league player who played as a fullback.

"loverugbyleague">"Jamie Shaul Player Stats". loverugbyleague.com. Retrieved 28 May 2014.

Shaul spent time on loan at the York City Knights in the Kingstone Press Championship in 2013 and at Wakefield Trinity in 2022. In 2025 Shaul joined Goole Vickings ahead of there first ever Betfred League 1 professional season.

York Knights
The York Knights are the professional rugby league team of York RLFC, based in York, England. The club play their home games at York Community Stadium and competes in the Super League, the top tier of British rugby league.

The club, which was founded as the York City Knights, is a  phoenix club established after the original York club folded in 2002. The Knights played in blue and white until 2017 when they reverted to the city's traditional home colours of amber and black. The club was renamed as York RLFC in 2022 with the men's team continuing to be known as the Knights and the women's team becoming the Valkyrie.
Almost Cut My Hair
"Almost Cut My Hair" is a song by Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, originally released on the band's 1970 album Déjà Vu. It was recorded at Wally Heider Studios on January 9, 1970. "Almost Cut My Hair", thematically, is about keeping long hair as a signalling of defiance and protest during 1960s counterculture.

Long hair
Long hair is a hairstyle where the head hair is allowed to grow to a considerable length. Exactly what constitutes "long hair" can change from culture to culture, or even within cultures. For example, a woman with shoulder-length hair in some cultures may be said to have short hair to medium hair, while a man would be said to have long hair.

Long lustrous female hair is generally rated attractive by both men and women across cultures. The prevalence of trichophilia (hair partialism or fetishism) is 7% in the population, and very long hair is a common subject of devotion in this group.
Hidamari no Ki
Hidamari no Ki (陽だまりの樹; lit. "Tree in the Sun") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Osamu Tezuka about a friendship between a samurai and a doctor in the final decade of the Tokugawa Shogunate. Hidamari no Ki received the Shogakukan Manga Award in 1984 for general manga.

The story is partly based on Tezuka's great-grandfather who was one of the Japanese physicians pushing for acceptance of Western medical practice at the time. The title is a metaphor for the Tokugawa shogunate which is compared to an old camphor tree which has enjoyed the sunshine and shelter from the winds for 300 years, but is slowly dying because it is being eaten away from the inside by termites and gribbles.

It was adapted into an anime series, by Madhouse and premiered in Japan on NTV on April 4, 2000. It was also adapted into a television drama, and also a 2021 stage play starring Sugeta Rinne of the boyband 7 MEN Samurai.

VAP, Inc.
VAP, Inc. (株式会社バップ, Kabushiki gaisha Bappu) (initials of Video & Audio Project) is a Japanese entertainment company, headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo. It is a subsidiary of Nippon Television Holdings, Inc.
Thai folklore
Thai folklore is a diverse set of mythology and traditional beliefs held by the Thai people. Most Thai folklore has a regional background for it originated in rural Thailand. With the passing of time, and through the influence of the media, large parts of Thai folklore have become interwoven with the wider popular Thai culture.

Phraya Anuman Rajadhon (1888–1969) was the first Thai scholar to seriously study local folkloristics. He took copious notes on humble details of his culture such as the charms used by Thai shopkeepers to attract customers. He also studied in depth the oral literature related to different village spirits and ghosts of Thai lore.

Phi Fa
Phi Fa (Thai: ผีฟ้า [pʰǐː fáː], Lao: ຜີຟ້າ [pʰiː˧˩ faː˧]) is a deity or spirit in the local folklore of Thailand and Laos. It is also known as Phi Thaen (Thai: ผีแถน [pʰǐː tʰɛ̌ːn], Lao: ຜີແຖນ). They play a prominent role in the Phra Lak Phra Lam and the stories of Khun Borom.
Bassinthegrass
Bassinthegrass (styled as BASSINTHEGRASS) is an Australian music festival. It is the largest music festival in the Northern Territory, and has been held annually since 2003 in the territory capital. The festival is operated by the Northern Territory Government through the Northern Territory Major Events Company, part of a project of the previous Martin government to bring prominent bands to the territory and showcase local talent. BASSINTHEGRASS has grown rapidly since its inception, resulting in the imposition of cap on ticket numbers in 2007. A sister festival, Bassinthedust, had been held in Alice Springs commencing in 2004, but was shelved in 2008.

Hot Dub Time Machine
Tom Lowndes (DJ Tom Loud), known professionally as  Hot Dub Time Machine, is an Australian DJ. He has had international success playing at festivals and events including the likes of: Coachella, Tomorrowland, Field Day, Stereosonic, Falls Festival, Groovin the Moo, Reading and Leeds Festival, Latitude Festival, FIB Benicassim and Splendour in the Grass.

He has toured extensively around Australia, the UK, Asia the USA and Europe. He has played at Brixton Academy in London twice and performed the biggest shows in the history of the Edinburgh Fringe at the Royal Highland Centre in with 13,500 people attending two shows in 2017. He has performed at the Edinburgh Fringe every year from 2012 to 2019.
Demecolcine
Demecolcine (INN; also known as colcemid) is a drug used in chemotherapy. It is closely related to the natural alkaloid colchicine with the replacement of the acetyl group on the amino moiety with methyl, but it is less toxic. It depolymerises microtubules and limits microtubule formation (inactivates spindle fibre formation), thus arresting cells in metaphase and allowing cell harvest and karyotyping to be performed.

During cell division, demecolcine inhibits mitosis at metaphase by inhibiting spindle formation. Medically, demecolcine has been used to improve the results of cancer radiotherapy by synchronising tumour cells at metaphase, the radiosensitive stage of the cell cycle.

In animal cloning procedures, demecolcine makes an ovum eject its nucleus, creating space for insertion of a new nucleus.

Acetyl group
In organic chemistry, an acetyl group is a functional group denoted by the chemical formula −COCH3 and the structure −C(=O)−CH3. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac (not to be confused with the element actinium). In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group.

An acetyl group contains a methyl group (−CH3) that is single-bonded to a carbonyl (C=O), making it an acyl group. The carbonyl center of an acyl radical has one non-bonded electron with which it forms a chemical bond to the remainder (denoted with the letter R) of the molecule.

The acetyl moiety is a component of many organic compounds, including acetic acid, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, acetyl-CoA, acetylcysteine, acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol), and acetylsalicylic acid (also known as aspirin).
Sarah-marie belcastro
Sarah-marie belcastro (born 1970), stylized sarah-marie belcastro, is an American mathematician and book author. She is an instructor at the  Art of Problem Solving Online School and is the director of MathILy, a residential math summer program hosted at Bryn Mawr College. Although her doctoral research was in algebraic geometry, she has also worked extensively in topological graph theory. She is known for and has written extensively about mathematical knitting, and has co-edited three books on fiber mathematics. She exclusively uses the form "sarah-marie belcastro".

Topological graph theory
In mathematics, topological graph theory is a branch of graph theory. It studies the embedding of graphs in surfaces, spatial embeddings of graphs, and graphs as topological spaces. It also studies immersions of graphs.

Embedding a graph in a surface means that we want to draw the graph on a surface, a sphere for example, without two edges intersecting. A basic embedding problem often presented as a mathematical puzzle is the three utilities problem. Other applications can be found in printing electronic circuits where the aim is to print (embed) a circuit (the graph) on a circuit board (the surface) without two connections crossing each other and resulting in a short circuit.
Andreas Malm
Andreas Malm (born 1977) is a Swedish journalist and academic, who holds an associate professorship in human ecology at Lund University. He is a member of the editorial board of the scholarly journal Historical Materialism and has been described as a Marxist.

Naomi Klein, who quoted Malm in her book This Changes Everything, has called him "one of the most original thinkers on the subject" of climate change.

Verso Books
Verso Books (formerly New Left Books) is a publishing house based in London and New York City. Founded in 1970 by the staff of the New Left Review, it has Tariq Ali and Perry Anderson on its board of directors. According to its website, it is the largest independent, radical publishing house in the English-speaking world, publishing one hundred books a year. Harper's described it as "Anglo-America's preeminent radical press," and The Sunday Times called it "a rigorously intelligent publisher."
German submarine U-80 (1941)
German submarine U-80 was a Type VIIC submarine of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down at the Bremer Vulkan Vegesacker Werft in Bremen as yard number 8 on 17 April 1940, launched on 11 February 1941 and commissioned on 8 April under Oberleutnant zur See Georg Staats.

U-80 spent her career as a training boat, first with the 1st U-boat Flotilla, then the 26th, 24th, 23rd and 21st flotillas. She sank or damaged no ships, but was herself sunk in a diving accident west of Pillau (now Baltiysk in modern Russia), on 28 November 1944.

26th U-boat Flotilla
26th U-boat Flotilla ("26. Unterseebootsflottille") was a training flotilla ("Ausbildungsflottille ") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The flotilla was formed at Pillau in April 1941 under the command of Korvettenkapitän Hans-Gerrit von Stockhausen. The flotilla trained newly commissioned U-boats in the firing of torpedoes (Torpedoschiessausbildung), a course which lasted for three to four weeks. In 1945, as the Russians advanced deeper into Eastern Europe, the flotilla relocated to Warnemünde. The flotilla was disbanded in May 1945 when Germany surrendered.
Bridgeport Covered Bridge
The Bridgeport Covered Bridge is located in Bridgeport, Nevada County, California, southwest of French Corral and north of Lake Wildwood.  It is used as a pedestrian crossing over the South Yuba River. The bridge was built in 1862 by David John Wood. Its lumber came from Plum Valley in Sierra County, California. The bridge was closed to vehicular traffic in 1972 and pedestrian traffic in 2011 due to deferred maintenance and "structural problems".

On June 20, 2014, California Gov. Jerry Brown signed budget legislation that included $1.3 million for the bridge's restoration. The work was slated to be done in two phases—near-term stabilization followed by restoration. The bridge reopened to pedestrians in November 2021 following completion of the restoration work.

The Bridgeport Covered Bridge has the longest clear single span of any surviving wooden covered bridge in the world.

Deferred maintenance
Deferred maintenance is the practice of postponing maintenance activities such as repairs on both real property (i.e. infrastructure) and personal property (i.e. machinery) in order to save costs, meet budget funding levels, or realign available budget monies.  The failure to perform needed repairs could lead to asset deterioration and ultimately asset impairment. Generally, a policy of continued deferred maintenance may result in higher costs, asset failure, and in some cases, health and safety implications.
Allied Peoples Movement
Allied Peoples Movement (APM) is a registered political party in Nigeria. The party was registered as a political party by the Independent National Electoral Commission in August, 2018.
The party endorsed President Muhammadu Buhari as its candidate in the 2015 Nigerian general elections.

Independent National Electoral Commission (Nigeria)
The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is the electoral body which oversees elections in Nigeria. It was established in 1998 shortly before Nigeria's transition from military to civilian rule.