hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pulyny Raion
Pulyny Raion (Ukrainian: Пулинський район) was a raion (district) of Zhytomyr Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre was located at Pulyny. The raion covered an area of 853 square kilometres (329 sq mi). It was originally known as Chervonoarmiisk Raion (Ukrainian: Червоноармійський район) but on 19 May 2016, the Verkhovna Rada decided to rename it to Pulyny Raion according to the law prohibiting names of Communist origin.

The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Zhytomyr Oblast to four. The area of Pulyny Raion was merged into Zhytomyr Raion. The last estimate of the raion's population was 22,193 (2020 est.)

Zhytomyr Raion
Zhytomyr Raion (Ukrainian: Житомирський район) is a raion (district) of Zhytomyr Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located at Zhytomyr. The raion covers an area of 1,441 square kilometres (556 sq mi). Population: 606,433 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zhytomyr Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Zhytomyr Raion was significantly expanded.  Before the expansion, the area of the raion was 865.2 square kilometres (334.1 sq mi). The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 72,213 (2020 est.).

In 1928-39, the territory of the modern district was known as the Troyanivskyi district with its center in the town of Troyaniv (now a small village).
Jean-Marc Brûlé
Jean-Marc Brûlé (16 June 1965 – 25 November 2023) was a French politician of Europe Ecology–The Greens, Regional Councillor of Île-de-France. Founder of the Asian Committee of The Greens, he was chairman of L'Atelier, a regional resource center of the social economy and was a national secretary-assistant of Europe Écologie in charge of elections and institutions. Brûlé died in Brittany on 25 November 2023 at the age of 58.

Europe Ecology
Europe Ecology (French: Europe Écologie) was a green electoral coalition of political parties in France created for the 2009 European elections composed of The Greens and other ecologists and regionalists.

The coalition was launched on 20 October 2008 with the support of the European Green Party and Daniel Cohn-Bendit, a Franco-German MEP previously representing the Alliance '90/The Greens of Germany, but who ran in France in 2009. Since its creation, the coalition received the support of Cécile Duflot, José Bové and Dominique Voynet amongst others.

After winning a record 16.28% of the vote in the 2009 European elections, the coalition maintained itself to participate in the 2010 regional elections.

In November 2010, the alliance was transformed into a political party under the name Europe Ecology – The Greens (EELV).
Simon Chukwuemeka Atigwe
Simon Chukwuemeka Atigwe Listenⓘ is a Nigerian politician who represented the Igboeze North/Udenu Federal Constituency of Enugu State in the 10th National Assembly as a member of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).

Simon was declared the winner of the February 3, 2024 rerun election by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), but the House of Representatives Election Tribunal canceled his victory on August 14, 2024. The tribunal found 2,000 of his votes were invalid and decided to use the results from the 2023 election, declaring Dennis Nnamdi Agbo of the Labour Party (LP) as the true winner.

Igbo Eze North
Igbo Eze North// ⓘ is a Local Government Area in the north of  Enugu State, Nigeria. It borders Kogi State and Benue State. Its headquarters are in the town of Enugu-Ezike. Igbo Eze North is made up of two towns. They are Enugu Ezike and Etteh. Igbo is the major and commonly used language.

It has an area of 293 km2 and a population of 259,431 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 413.

The Igbo language is the most widely used language in Igbo Eze North local government area. However, Idoma and Igala languages are common amongst migrants.

The official website of the local government Council is igboezenorthlga.en.gov.ng
Polkagris
Polkagris (plural: polkagrisar) is a Swedish stick candy that was invented in 1859 by Amalia Eriksson in the town of Gränna, Sweden. It remains a well-known albeit old-fashioned candy in Sweden, often sold at fairs, Christmas markets, and the like. It is still closely associated with Gränna. The traditional polkagris candy stick is white and red, and is peppermint-flavoured.

Genuine Polkagris has had a protected geographical indication since 21 July 2022 by EU and Livsmedelverket, which must therefore be manufactured in Gränna to be called genuine Polkagris.

Swedish National Food Agency
The Swedish Food Agency (Swedish: Livsmedelsverket), formerly the National Swedish Food Administration (Swedish: Statens livsmedelsverk) is a Swedish government agency that answers to the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Consumer Affairs. The agency is located in Uppsala.

It is the central supervisory authority for matters relating to food and drinking water. It has the task of protecting consumer interest by working for safe food of good quality, fair practices in the food trade, and healthy eating habits.
Granville Country Park
Granville Country Park is a local nature reserve near Telford in Shropshire, England. It is owned by Telford and Wrekin Council, who work in partnership with the Shropshire Wildlife Trust and Friends of Granville.

Local nature reserve
Local nature reserve (LNR) is a statutory designation for certain nature reserves in Great Britain. The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee established them and proposed a national suite of protected areas comprising national nature reserves, conservation areas (which incorporated suggestions for Sites of Special Scientific Interest), national parks, geological monuments, local nature reserves and local educational nature reserves.

There are now over 1,280 LNRs in England, covering almost 40,000 hectares, which range from windswept coastal headlands and ancient woodlands to former inner city railways and long abandoned landfill sites.
Fight Pastor
Fight Pastor is a Christian ministry organization led by Pastor Brandon Beals of Venture Church (formally Canyon Creek Church) in Mill Creek, Washington. Venture Church is a large multi-site church in the Seattle Area. The Fight Pastor ministry provides the mixed martial arts (MMA) community with a wide range of services, including chaplaincy and MMA news from a Christian perspective. Pastor Brandon Beals also hosts a weekly podcast titled Pastors Unfiltered.

Mill Creek, Washington
Mill Creek is a city in Snohomish County, Washington, United States. It is located between the cities of Everett and Lynnwood, approximately 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Seattle. The city has a population of 20,926 as of the 2020 census. The city lies along State Route 527 and North Creek, a tributary of the Sammamish River, on the east side of Interstate 5.

The city is one of the highest-income suburbs in the Seattle metropolitan area and was originally a planned community conceived in the 1970s. The planned development was centered around a country club and golf course, with other development occurring nearby in later phases. It was incorporated as a city in 1983, shortly after the completion of the first phase of development, and underwent major population growth due to continued suburban development and annexation of nearby areas. The city's downtown area is centered around the Mill Creek Town Center, a mixed-use lifestyle center and retail complex that opened in 2004.
Jhim van Bemmel
Jhim Jan Gerardus van Bemmel (born 15 November 1959 in Boskoop) is a former Dutch politician. As a member of the Party for Freedom (Partij voor de Vrijheid) he was an MP from 17 June 2010 to 19 September 2012. Since 6 July 2012 he was an independent politician. He focused on matters of spatial planning, consumers, tourism, telecom, postal market, administrative burden and environmental law.

Mail
The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp, but a postage meter is also used for bulk mailing.

Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports.

The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets the rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized Agency of the United Nations.
Black Rock (West Virginia)
Black Rock is a summit in Mineral County, West Virginia, in the United States. With an elevation of 3,159 feet (963 m), Black Rock is the 296th highest summit in the state of West Virginia.

Black Rock appears black when viewed from afar, hence the name.

Mineral County, West Virginia
Mineral County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area, together with Cumberland, Maryland. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,938. Its county seat is Keyser. The county was founded in 1866.
Kukuyevka
Kukuyevka (Russian: Кукуевка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kukuyevskoye Rural Settlement, Valuysky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 411 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

Valuysky District
Valuysky District (Russian: Валу́йский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Valuysky Municipal District. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,709.6 square kilometers (660.1 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Valuyki (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 33,845 (2010 Census); 36,601 (2002 Census); 38,293 (1989 Soviet census).
The Emperor of Lies
The Emperor of Lies (Swedish: De fattiga i Łódź, lit. 'The Poor in Łódź') is a 2009 novel by Swedish author Steve Sem-Sandberg. It received positive reviews from critics and won the August Prize in 2009. The book has so far been translated into 25 languages worldwide and has become a bestseller in many countries. A new Swedish edition, in large pocket format, was published in December 2020.

August Prize
The August Prize (Swedish: Augustpriset) is an annual Swedish literary prize awarded each year since 1989 by the Swedish Publishers' Association. It is awarded to the best Swedish book of the year in each of three categories. The Swedish Publishers' Association also awards the Young August Prize (Lilla Augustpriset) to youth and young adults (age 20 or younger).
Algiers Metro
The Algiers Metro (Arabic: مترو الجزائر العاصمة; Berber languages: ⴰⵎⵉⵜⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵍⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵖⵜ) ( Mītrū al-Jazā’ir al-‘Āṣimah ) is a rapid transit system that serves Algiers, the capital of  Algeria. Originally designed in the 1970s, it opened in 2011 after decades of delays due to financial difficulties and security issues. The Algiers Metro was the second metro system to open in Africa, after the Cairo Metro.

The first phase of Line 1, "Haï el Badr"–"Tafourah-Central Post Office", which had a length of 9.2 kilometres (5.7 mi) and comprised 10 stations, opened for public service on 1 November 2011. A 4-kilometre (2.5 mi) extension from "Haï el Badr" to "El Harrach Centre" opened for commercial service on 4 July 2015 after test runs in June.

El Harrach
El Harrach (Berber languages: ⵍⵃⴻⵔⵔⴰⵛ, romanized: Lḥerrac, Arabic: الـحرّاش, romanized: Alḥrrāsh; formerly Maison-Carrée) is a suburb of the Algerian capital Algiers.

The town is home to USM El Harrach football club and the Higher National Veterinary School is located in the area.
2003 Rolex Sports Car Series
The 2003 Rolex Sports Car Series season was the fourth season of the Rolex Sports Car Series run by the Grand American Road Racing Association.  The season involved four classes, Daytona Prototypes (DP), Sports Racing Prototype II (SRPII), Grand Touring Sport (GTS), and Grand Touring (GT).  12 races were run from February 1, 2003 to November 2, 2003. Barber Motorsports Park was added.

Grand-Am Road Racing
Grand-Am Road Racing or Grand-Am was an auto racing sanctioning body that was established in 1999 to organize road racing competitions in North America. Its primary focus was the Rolex Sports Car Series, an endurance racing championship series. It sanctioned five auto racing series. The series announced in September 2012 that it would be merging with the American Le Mans Series, which had been Grand-Am's main US competitor since its inception. The two series fully merged in 2014 under the banner of the TUDOR United SportsCar Championship, with the International Motor Sports Association.
Pafos Aphrodite Festival Cyprus
The Pafos Aphrodite Festival Cyprus is a company established to promote Paphos in Cyprus as an international centre of high-profile cultural events. Its aim is to organise and manage a yearly international artistic event that takes place at the square in front of the medieval castle at the harbour in Kato Paphos.  It organises and hosts an opera performance at the end of August or early September and has over the years invited a variety of companies and performances to the festival:

Paphos Castle
Paphos Castle is located at the western end of the city port. It was originally a Byzantine fortress built to protect the port.

The main fortress of the city was located in Saranta Kolones, about 600 metres (2,000 ft) west, and was destroyed by the earthquake of 1222.
Anna Handzlová
Anna Gavendová-Handzlová (July 4, 1946, Třinec – May 10, 2020, Třinec) was an orienteering competitor who competed for Czechoslovakia. At the 1972 World Orienteering Championships in Jičín she placed 14th in the individual competition, and won a bronze medal in the relay, together with Naďa Mertová and Renata Vlachová. At the 1974 World Orienteering Championships in Viborg she placed 12th in the individual race, and won a bronze medal in the relay, together with Dana Procházková and Renata Vlachová.

Jičín
Jičín (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɪtʃiːn]; German: Jitschin or Gitschin) is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.

The town's history is connected with Albrecht von Wallenstein who had rebuilt the town, and many sights bear his name.
Noel Myles
Noel Myles (born 1947 in London) is an English artist who works with the still photographic image, extending it beyond the single moment and static viewpoint.

He was born in London in 1947 and lives and practices in Sudbury, Suffolk.

He is known for his large-scale collages composed of small individual photographs, taken from various view points and at different times, which when joined together make up a larger image.

More details of Myles' work can be found at Reframing Photography.

Gainsborough's House
Gainsborough's House is the birthplace of the leading English painter Thomas Gainsborough. It is now a museum and gallery, located at 46 Gainsborough Street in Sudbury, Suffolk, England. It is a Grade I listed building. Some of the pictures on display have been acquired with the help of the Art Fund.
MTV Hits (Europe, Middle East and Africa)
MTV Hits was a pan-regional pay television music video channel operated by Paramount Networks EMEAA, focusing on contemporary pop videos from the 2010s onward. It launched for EMEA on 27 May 2014 as part of a shift from UK-branded feeds to EMEA versions. In October 2025, reports indicated that several MTV-branded music channels in Europe switched off on 31 December 2025.

Paramount Networks EMEAA
Paramount Networks EMEAA is a Spanish-based division of Paramount International Networks (representing its media operations across Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia) which is fully owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation. The unit's headquarters are in Madrid, with additional offices in Berlin, Lisbon, Paris, Amsterdam, Milan, Dubai, Johannesburg, Lagos, Budapest, Warsaw, Singapore, Stockholm, Tokyo, Beijing, Manila, Copenhagen, Prague, Helsinki, and Hong Kong. The company was originally founded under the name MTV Networks Europe in 1987.

In 2011, the division was renamed Viacom International Media Networks Europe. Also in 2011, Viacom created an Italian subdivision in order to purchase a 30% ownership stake in the Rainbow S.p.A. animation studio until it sold the stake in 2023.

It currently operates in 31 countries across Europe, Africa and the Middle East.
Physics Bowl
PhysicsBowl is a national physics competition coordinated by the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT).  The test is taken during the first half of April each year by approximately 10,000 physics students.  Competitors must attempt 40 physics-related multiple choice questions in a 45 minute long time period.  First-year physics students take the Division I test, while second-year physics students take the Division II test.  The test can be administered physically on paper, but it is now also offered digitally by the online instructional application WebAssign.

Multiple choice
Multiple choice, multiple choice question, or objective response is a form of an objective assessment in which respondents are asked to select only the correct answer from the choices offered as a list. The multiple choice format is most frequently used in educational testing, in market research, and in elections, when a person chooses between multiple candidates, parties, or policies.

Although E. L. Thorndike developed an early scientific approach to testing students, it was his assistant Benjamin D. Wood who developed the multiple-choice test. Multiple-choice testing increased in popularity in the mid-20th century when scanners and data-processing machines were developed to check the result. Christopher P. Sole created the first multiple-choice examinations for computers on a Sharp Mz 80 computer in 1982.
Nissan Life
Nissan Mutual Life Insurance Company (日産生命保険相互会社) was a Japanese company established in 1909 that went bankrupt on April 25, 1997. It was the first time since the postwar period that a life insurer went bankrupt.

Aoba Life Insurance took over all its insurance contracts in October 1997. Aoba was a company established in June by the Life Insurance Association of Japan, the trustee appointed by the Ministry of Finance to handle the assets and liabilities of Nissan Mutual Life Insurance. On November 30, 1999 Aoba was sold to Artémis, a French holding controlled by François Pinault. Prudential Financial purchased Aoba in 2004.

Liability (financial accounting)
In financial accounting, a liability is a quantity of value that a financial entity owes. More technically, it is value that an entity is expected to deliver in the future to satisfy a present obligation arising from past events. The value delivered to settle a liability may be in the form of assets transferred or services performed.
Entre-Deux-Mers
Entre-Deux-Mers is a French region, well known as a  Bordeaux wine growing region. The geographical area is situated between the rivers Garonne and Dordogne, and is bounded in the east by the border of the Gironde department and in the west by the Bec d'Ambès, the confluence of the Garonne and the Dordogne.

At 3,000 hectares (7,400 acres), it is the largest sub-region of Bordeaux, although, as there are large areas of forest, only half the land is used for growing grapes. The total area under vine is about 1,500 hectares (3,700 acres), with about 250 growers making wine there.

Dordogne (river)
The Dordogne (French pronunciation: [dɔʁdɔɲ] ⓘ; Occitan: Dordonha) is a river in south-central and southwest France. It is 483.1 km (300.2 mi) long. The Dordogne and its watershed were designated Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO on 11 July 2012.
Artichoke River
The Artichoke River is a 13.5-mile-long (21.7 km) tributary of the Saint Louis River in northeastern Minnesota in the United States.

Via the Saint Louis River, it is part of the watershed of Lake Superior.  It flows for its entire length in southern Saint Louis County.  Its name in the Ojibwe language is askibwaanikaa-ziibi (river full of Jerusalem artichokes), having the identical name in Ojibwe as the nearby Us-kab-wan-ka River.

The river flows from Artichoke Lake in New Independence Township and flows generally southwardly through Alborn and Culver Townships.  It flows into the Saint Louis River from the north in Culver Township, opposite the town of Brookston.

Jerusalem artichoke
The Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus), also called sunroot, sunchoke, wild sunflower, topinambur, or earth apple, is a species of sunflower native to central North America. It is cultivated widely across the temperate zone for its tuber, which is used as a root vegetable.
Huntington Bancshares
Huntington Bancshares Incorporated is an American bank holding company headquartered in Columbus, Ohio. Its banking subsidiary, The Huntington National Bank, operates 1,047 banking offices, primarily in the Midwest: 459 in Ohio, 290 in Michigan, 80 in Minnesota, 51 in Pennsylvania, 45 in Indiana, 35 in Illinois, 32 in Colorado, 29 in West Virginia, 16 in Wisconsin, 10 in Kentucky, and one in North Carolina.

The company is ranked 466th on the Fortune 500 as of 2024. It is on the list of largest banks in the United States. It is the largest originator of SBA 7(a) loans.

Fortune 500
The Fortune 500 is an annual list compiled and published by Fortune magazine that ranks 500 of the largest United States corporations by total revenue for their respective fiscal years. The list includes publicly held companies, along with privately held companies for which revenues are publicly available. The concept of the Fortune 500 was created by Edgar P. Smith, a Fortune editor, and the first list was published in 1955. The Fortune 500 is more commonly used than its subset Fortune 100 or superset Fortune 1000.
Stockton Hill
Stockton Hill is a volcanic plug located in the formation known as the Chilcotin Group, which lie between the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains and the mid-Fraser River in British Columbia, Canada.

Volcanic plug
A volcanic plug, also called a volcanic neck or lava neck, is a volcanic object created when magma hardens within a vent on an active volcano. When present, a plug can cause an extreme build-up of high gas pressure if rising volatile-charged magma is trapped beneath it, and this can sometimes lead to an explosive eruption.  In a plinian eruption the plug is destroyed and ash is ejected.

Glacial erosion can lead to exposure of the plug on one side, while a long slope of material remains on the opposite side. Such landforms are called crag and tail. If a plug is preserved, erosion may remove the surrounding rock while the erosion-resistant plug remains, producing a distinctive upstanding landform.