hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sphingomonas pituitosa
Sphingomonas pituitosa  is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and motile bacteria from the genus Sphingomonas which has been isolated from water from a eutrophic artificial spring in Austria. Sphingomonas pituitosa produces exopolysaccharide.

Extracellular polymeric substance
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are natural polymers of high molecular weight secreted by microorganisms into their environment. EPS establish the functional and structural integrity of biofilms, and are considered the fundamental component that determines the physicochemical properties of a biofilm. EPS in the matrix of biofilms provides compositional support and protection of microbial communities from the harsh environments. Components of EPS can be of different classes of polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, lipopolysaccharides, and minerals.
Hiroomi Fujita
Hiroomi Fujita (藤田 博臣, Fujita Hiroomi, born 23 February 1976) is a Japanese judoka.

Fujita is from Goshogawara, Aomori. He began judo at the junior high school days and won gold medal at World Junior Championships in 1994, World University Championships in 1996, East Asian Games in 1997, and so on.

After graduation from Tokai University, He belonged to Asahi Kasei.

Fujita retired in 2000.

Tokai University
Tokai University (東海大学, Tōkai Daigaku) is a private non-sectarian higher education institution located in  Tokyo, Japan. It was founded by Dr. Shigeyoshi Matsumae.

It was accredited under Japan's old educational system in 1946 and under the new system in 1950. In 2008, Tokai University, Kyushu Tokai University, and Hokkaido Tokai University were consolidated and reorganized into Tokai University. Its Chinese character name is the same as Tunghai University in Taiwan.
Chaowat Veerachat
Chaowat Veerachat (Thai: เชาว์วัฒน์ วีระชาติ, born 23 June 1996) is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Thai League 1 club PT Prachuap (on loan from BG Pathum United), and the Thailand national team.

PT Prachuap F.C.
Prachuap Football Club (Thai: สโมสรฟุตบอลประจวบ) (currently known as PT Prachuap due to sponsorship reasons), is a Thai professional football club based in Prachuap Khiri Khan province, Thailand which currently play in the Thai League 1.

The club won their first and only major honour in the top flight where they went on to upset Thai giants Buriram United to win the 2019 Thai League Cup.
Christopher Papamichalopoulos
Christopher Papamichalopoulos (Greek: Χριστόφορος Παπαμιχαλόπουλος;   born April 5, 1988) is an alpine skier from Cyprus. He competed for Cyprus at the 2010 Winter Olympics in the slalom and giant slalom. Christopher was Cyprus's flag bearer during the 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony.

During February 2009, he competed for Cyprus at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2009 held in Val d'Isère, Savoie, France.
In 2007 he competed at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2007 held at  Åre, Sweden, achieving 43rd position in the event of Slalom.

Previously, at the 2005 European Youth Olympic Festival (EYOF), held in Monthey, Switzerland, he competed in the events of Slalom (38th), giant slalom (DNF1), and Super G (49th).

2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of the 2010 Winter Olympics was held on February 12, 2010, beginning at 6:00 pm PST (02:00 UTC, February 13) at BC Place Stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. This was the first Olympic opening ceremony to be held indoors. It was directed by David Atkins.

The event was officially opened by Michaëlle Jean, Governor General of Canada, the representative of Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada. The opening ceremony was dedicated by the Vancouver Organizing Committee (VANOC) to Nodar Kumaritashvili, a Georgian luger who had died earlier in the day in a training run. An audience of 61,600 was in attendance at the venue, and there were an estimated 4,500 performers.
Tim Rönning
Tim Rönning (born 15 February 1999) is a Swedish footballer who plays for Halmstads BK.

Rönning appeared for all Swedish youth national teams up until Sweden U19, and was included on the bench four times for Sweden U21 without playing.

Sweden national under-21 football team
The Sweden national under-21 football team is the football team representing Sweden in competitions for under-21 year old players and is controlled by the Swedish Football Association. Primarily, it competes to qualify for the biennial UEFA European Under-21 Championship.

Sweden made their first European Under-21 Championship appearance in 1986. In 2015, Sweden became champions for the first time. They finished second in 1992 and they also reached the semi-finals in 1990 and 2009. Oscar Hiljemark is the most capped player for the Swedish U21 team, having played 37 caps between 2011 and 2015. Ola Toivonen and Carlos Strandberg are the top goalscorers for the Swedish U21 team, having scored 13 goals each.
Lip reconstruction
Lip reconstruction may be required after trauma or surgical excision.  The lips are considered the beginning of the oral cavity and are the most common site of oral cancer.  Any reconstruction of the lips must include both functional and cosmetic considerations.  The lips are necessary for speech, facial expression, and eating.  Because of their prominent location on the face, even small abnormalities can be apparent.

Orbicularis oris muscle
In human anatomy, the orbicularis oris muscle is a complex of muscles in the lips that encircles the mouth.
It is not a true sphincter, as was once thought, as it is actually composed of four independent quadrants that interlace and give only an appearance of circularity.

It is also one of the muscles used in the playing of all brass instruments and some woodwind instruments. This muscle closes the mouth and puckers the lips when it contracts.
Paul Shapiro
Paul Shapiro is the name of:

Paul Shapiro (author) (born 1979), American animal activist

Paul Shapiro (artist) (born 1939), American Abstract Expressionist and landscape painter

Paul Shapiro (director) (born 1955), Canadian film and television director

Paul Shapiro (musician), American Klezmer musician

Paul A. Shapiro, American Holocaust historian

Paul R. Shapiro, American astrophysicist

Paul Shapiro (artist)
Paul Shapiro (born 1939) is an American Abstract Expressionist and landscape painter.

New Mexican author Jon Carver writes of Shapiro's work: "Paul's interest in art and his commitment to painting is unassailable and extends to the depths of his being."
9mm Winchester Magnum
The 9mm Winchester Magnum, which is also known as the 9×29mm, is a centerfire handgun cartridge developed by Winchester in the late 1970s. The cartridge was developed to duplicate the performance of the .357 S&W Magnum in an auto-pistol cartridge.

The first handgun which chambered the cartridge was the Wildey pistol. Since then, Thompson/Center and LAR Grizzly Win Mag have produced barrels chambered for this cartridge and AMT chambered their Automag III for it too, but the cartridge never reached the popularity enjoyed by other handgun cartridges.

Starline Brass in Sedalia, Missouri, still make brass for this cartridge, although much of its production is now used to make 9mm blank firing cartridges for firearms chambered for 9×19mm, as this is easier to accomplish than using .223 Remington (5.56×45mm) cases, which may leave the neck area of the blank too thick to crimp properly. 9mm Winchester Magnum cases can also be trimmed and resized for reloading 9×25mm Mauser.

LAR Grizzly Win Mag
The Grizzly Win Mag pistols were conceived, invented, designed, engineered and developed in the 1980s by the sole inventor, Perry Arnett, who licensed his patent for an interchangeable caliber semi-automatic pistol to L.A.R. Manufacturing Inc.
Lake Granbury
Lake Granbury is a North Texas reservoir near Granbury, Texas. It was created in 1969 and is one of three lakes damming the Brazos River.

Lake Granbury is contained by the De Cordova Bend Dam and is a long, narrow lake, encompassed by 103 miles (221 km) of shoreline.

The lake is controlled by the Brazos River Authority in Granbury.

North Texas
North Texas is a term used primarily by residents of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex to refer to a geographic area of Texas, generally considered to include the area south of Oklahoma, east of Abilene, west of Paris, and north of Waco. Definitions of the region typically do not include the sparsely populated Panhandle of Texas, which is the northernmost region of Texas bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east.

North Texas is centered upon the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the largest metropolitan area in Texas and the Southern United States. People in the Dallas and Fort Worth areas sometimes use the terms Metroplex, DFW, and North Texas interchangeably. However, North Texas refers to a much larger area that includes many northern rural counties along the Red River of the South border.
Julius Beerbohm
Julius Beerbohm (26 September 1854 – 21 April 1906) was a Victorian travel-writer, engineer and explorer.

He was the son of Julius Ewald Edward Beerbohm (1811–1892), of Dutch, Lithuanian, and German origin, who had come to England in about 1830 and set up as a corn merchant. He married an Englishwoman, Constantia Draper, and the couple had four children. Beerbohm's older brother was the actor-manager Herbert Beerbohm Tree; his sister was author Constance Beerbohm. A younger half-brother was the caricaturist and parodist Max Beerbohm. His half-sister Agnes Mary Beerbohm (1865–1949), who became Mrs Ralph Neville in 1884, was a friend of the artist Walter Sickert and modelled for him in his 1906 painting Fancy Dress. His nieces were Viola, Felicity and Iris Tree.

Caricature
A caricature is a rendered image showing the features of its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way through sketching, pencil strokes, or other artistic drawings (compare to: cartoon). Caricatures can be either insulting or complimentary, and can serve a political purpose, be drawn solely for entertainment, or for a combination of both. Caricatures of politicians are commonly used in newspapers and news magazines as political cartoons, while caricatures of movie stars are often found in entertainment magazines. In literature, a caricature is a distorted representation of a person in a way that exaggerates some characteristics and oversimplifies others.
Bernard Cruddas
Lieutenant Colonel Bernard Cruddas DSO (1 January 1882 – 23 December 1959) was a British Conservative politician.

Educated at Winchester College, Cruddas was commissioned into the 4th (Militia) Battalion of the North Staffordshire Regiment in July 1899, but the following year transferred to the Regular Army and the Northumberland Fusiliers (later the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers).

He reached the rank of Lieutenant colonel in World War I and was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) in January 1918.

He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Wansbeck at the 1931 general election, and returned at the 1935 election. He stood down in 1940, and at the Wansbeck by-election on 29 July the Conservative candidate Donald Scott was returned unopposed.

Royal Northumberland Fusiliers
The Royal Northumberland Fusiliers was an infantry regiment of the British Army. Raised in 1674 as one of three 'English' units in the Dutch Anglo-Scots Brigade, it accompanied William III to England in the November 1688 Glorious Revolution and became part of the English establishment in 1689.

In 1751, it became the 5th Regiment of Foot, with the regional title 'Northumberland' added in 1782; in 1836,  it was designated a Fusilier unit and became the 5th (Northumberland Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot.

After the 1881 Childers Reforms, it adopted the title Northumberland Fusiliers, then Royal Northumberland Fusiliers on 3 June 1935. In 1968, it was amalgamated with the Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment), the Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers and Lancashire Fusiliers to form the present Royal Regiment of Fusiliers.
When My Heart Finds Christmas
When My Heart Finds Christmas is American artist Harry Connick Jr.'s first Christmas album. Released in 1993, it is among the most popular holiday collections of the past three decades in the United States.  Connick Jr composed four songs for the album: "When My Heart Finds Christmas", "(It Must've Been Ol') Santa Claus", "The Blessed Dawn Of Christmas Day" and "I Pray On Christmas". The other songs are traditional Christmas songs and carols.

The album proved to be the best-selling holiday album in the U.S. of 1993, selling 748,000 copies that year according to Nielsen SoundScan.

In December 2005, the album was certified Triple Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for shipment of three million copies in the U.S. As of November 2014, When My Heart Finds Christmas is the twelfth best-selling holiday album in the U.S. since May 1991 (the SoundScan era of music sales tracking), having sold 3.15 million.

Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer (song)
"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" is a 1949 song written by Johnny Marks based on the 1939 story Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer published by the Montgomery Ward Company. Gene Autry's recording hit No. 1 on the U.S. charts the week of Christmas 1949.
Car-top boating
Car-top boating is the recreational activity of boating via watercraft that can easily be transported on the roof of a passenger motor vehicle. Boats that fall into this category include most canoes and kayaks as well as small rowboats, bass boats, sailboats, and inflatable boats. The term has come into use by various state, federal, municipal, and non-profit agencies in the United States as a way to clearly discriminate in written policy between less intrusive hand-portable watercraft and large, more intrusive watercraft that require boat ramps to launch.

Boat ramp
A boat ramp, also known as a boat launch, is a reinforced ramp on shore by which boats can be moved to and from the water.

Typical use of a boat ramp is launching and retrieving small boats on trailers towed by automobiles. A boat launch can also be used for flying boats on their undercarriage.

Boat ramps are steeper than slipways. They generally consist of a slab of reinforced concrete on a foundation without piling. In some circumstances, beaches can function as boat ramps.

A boat ramp has a significant environmental impact. This is primarily caused by the parking space that is required for cars and boat trailers.
Urussu
Urussu (Russian: Уруссу́; Tatar: Урыссу) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Yutazinsky District in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located on the left bank of the Ik River at the border with the Republic of Bashkortostan, 382 kilometers (237 mi) from the republic's capital of Kazan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 10,681.

Ik (river)
The Ik (Russian: Ик; Tatar: Ык, Iq; Bashkir: Ыҡ, Iq) is a river in Russia that flows north to the Kama, joining it from the left. It flows through the Republics of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan and through Orenburg Oblast. The left tributaries of the Ik are Mellya, Menzelya, Dymka, and the right tributary is Usen. It is 571 kilometres (355 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 18,100 square kilometres (7,000 sq mi).

The time difference between Bavly in Tatarstan and Oktyabrsky in Bashkortostan is two hours (Tatarstan uses Moscow Time and Bashkortostan uses Yekaterinburg Time). Therefore, the bridge through Ik (river-border) is jokingly called "the longest bridge in the world".
2025 African Badminton Championships
The 2025 African Badminton Championships was the continental badminton championships to crown the best players and teams across Africa. The tournament was held at the Gymnase de Japoma in Douala, Cameroon, from 10 to 16 February 2025.

Koceila Mammeri
Koceila Julien Mammeri (Arabic: كسيلة جوليان معمري; born 23 February 1999) is a badminton player who trained at the Oullins club in France. Born in France, he represents Algeria internationally. In the junior event, he was the third place at the Portugal International tournament in the boys' doubles event. He won gold medals at the 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022 African Championships for men's doubles with his partner Youcef Sabri Medel, and in 2018 and 2019 for mixed doubles with Linda Mazri, and also in 2021 and 2022 for mixed doubles with Tanina Mammeri. He claimed the mixed doubles gold medals at the 2019 African Games with Mazri and in 2023 with Tanina Mammeri.

Partnered with her sister Tanina Mammeri, the duo competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
War of Legends
War of Legends was a massively multiplayer online strategy game set in "a world of ancient Chinese mythology" and was published by Jagex on January 19, 2010. It was the company's first full online strategy game, the first game to be published by the company rather than produced by them, the first game published by Jagex not to be written in Java, and the company's first microtransaction game. On January 29, 2015, Jagex announced that the game would be permanently closed effective immediately, following a security issue that took the game offline over a month earlier on December 22, 2014.

Virtual goods
Virtual goods are non-physical objects and money purchased for use in online communities or online games. Digital goods, on the other hand, may be a broader category including digital books, music, and movies. Virtual goods are a subclass of intangible goods.

Including digital gifts and digital clothing for avatars, virtual goods may be classified as services instead of goods and are usually sold by companies that operate social networking services, community sites, or online games. Sales of virtual goods are sometimes referred to as microtransactions, and the games that use this model are usually referred to as freemium games.
Clan Celentano
Clan Celentano is an Italian record label founded by Adriano Celentano in the early 1960s. Artists who have recorded for the label include Don Backy, Fred Bongusto, Milena Cantù, Adriano Celentano, Maria Luigia Brett Marvin and the Thunderbolts, Ola & the Janglers, Valeria Rigano, Anthony Swete and Johnny Tame.

Johnny Tame
Uwe Reuß (born 3 March 1947, Friedberg/Hessen, † March 2022 Hamburg), known as Johnny Tame, was a German singer-songwriter and guitarist. He started his musical career in the early 1960s and gained remarkable national and international success as soloist as well as member of different bands. His longtime cooperation and partnership with famous German rock singer Peter Maffay kept raising his popularity which he would campaign for social and humanitarian activities. Due to health problems he retired from the music business in 1989.

Tame was married and lived in Hamburg, Germany, until his passing March 2022.
Cover (intelligence gathering)
A cover in foreign, military or police human intelligence or counterintelligence is the ostensible identity and role or position in an infiltrated organization assumed by a covert agent during a covert operation.

Human intelligence (intelligence gathering)
Human intelligence (HUMINT, pronounced /ˈhjuːmɪnt/ HEW-mint) is intelligence-gathering by means of human sources and interpersonal communication. It is distinct from more technical intelligence-gathering disciplines, such as signals intelligence (SIGINT), imagery intelligence (IMINT) and measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT). HUMINT can be conducted in a variety of ways, including via espionage, reconnaissance, interrogation, and witness interviews. Although associated with military and intelligence agencies, HUMINT can also apply in various civilian sectors such as law enforcement.
Kulish
Kulish (Ukrainian: Куліш, Russian: Кули́ш, Polish: Kulisz) is a surname of Ukrainian origin. In the Ukrainian language kulish (куліш) means  "millet porridge". The Russian variant of this dish, kulesh (куле́ш, 'kasha, gruel') should be differentiated from kulesha (Ukrainian: кулеша)  (maize-flour porridge).

Alternative spellings or transliterations of the surname include Kulisch (German), Kulisz (Polish), and  Kuliš (Czech, Serbo-Croatian).

Kasha
In English, kasha usually refers to the pseudocereal buckwheat or its culinary preparations. In Slavic languages, "kasha" means porridge. In some varieties of Central and Eastern European cuisine, kasha can apply to any kind of cooked grain. It can be baked but most often is boiled, either in water or milk, but the word can also refer to the grain before preparation, which corresponds to the definition of 'groats'. The word "kasha" is used in Belarus (каша), the Czech Republic (kaše), Lithuania (košė), Poland (kasza), Romania and Moldova (cașa), Russia (каша), Slovakia (kaša), Slovenia (kaša), Kazakhstan, and Ukraine (каша).

The English-language usage of kasha, which refers primarily to buckwheat, probably originated with Jewish immigrants, as did the form קאַשי kashi (literally translated as "porridges").
Chi-Chi Rodríguez
Juan Antonio "Chi-Chi" Rodríguez (October 23, 1935 – August 8, 2024) was a Puerto Rican professional golfer. The winner of eight PGA Tour events, he was the first Puerto Rican to be inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame.

World Cup (men's golf)
The World Cup of Golf is a men's golf tournament contested by teams of two representing their country. Only one team is allowed from each country. The players are selected on the basis of the Official World Golf Ranking, although not all of the first choice players choose to compete. The equivalent event for women was the Women's World Cup of Golf, played from 2005 to 2008.
Naringenin 7-O-methyltransferase
Naringenin 7-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.232, NOMT) (full systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:(2S)-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanone 7-O-methyltransferase) is a methyltransferase isolated from rice, which catalyzes the biosynthesis of sakuranetin.

This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction:

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (2S)-naringenin  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (2S)-sakuranetin

While the enzyme is not present in healthy rice leaves, it can be induced by treatment with ultraviolet radiation, jasmonic acid and copper chloride.

Jasmonic acid
Jasmonic acid (JA) is an organic compound found in several plants including jasmine.  The molecule is a member of the jasmonate class of plant hormones.  It is biosynthesized from linolenic acid by the octadecanoid pathway.  It was first isolated in 1957 as the methyl ester of jasmonic acid by the Swiss chemist Édouard Demole and his colleagues.
Pite-Rönnskär
Pite-Rönnskär is a Swedish island with a lighthouse station located in the Bothnian Bay. The island is located at the border between the provinces of Västerbotten and Norrbotten but belongs to Skellefteå Municipality. The island was a well known fishing village for many years and contains a chapel dating from 1771. In 1821 a pilot station was located on the island. Today the fishing cabins on the island are used as summer residences. The island has a weather station, and wind observations from it are reported by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute in their shipping forecast.

Västerbotten
Västerbotten (Swedish: [ˈvɛ̂sːtɛrˌbɔtːɛn] ⓘ), sometimes called West Bothnia or Westrobothnia, is a province (landskap) in northern Sweden, located by the Gulf of Bothnia. It borders the provinces of Ångermanland, Lapland and Norrbotten. The region is famous for Västerbotten cheese.