hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Habbari Emirate
The Habbari Dynasty (Arabic: اﻹﻣﺎرة اﻟﻬﺒﺎرﻳﺔ, Sindhi: ھباري گھراڻو) were an Arab dynasty that ruled much of Sindh, as a semi-independent emirate from 854 to 1024. Beginning with the rule of 'Umar bin Abdul Aziz al-Habbari in 854 CE, the region became semi-independent from the Abbasid Caliphate in 861, while continuing to nominally pledge allegiance to the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. The Habbari ascension marked the end of a period of direct rule of Sindh by the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates, which had begun in 711 CE.

The Habbaris were based in the city of Mansura, and ruled central and southern Sindh south of Aror, near the modern-day metropolis of Sukkur. The Habbaris ruled Sindh until they were defeated by Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi in 1026, who then went on to destroy the old Habbari capital of Mansura, and annex the region to the Ghaznavid Empire, thereby ending Arab rule of Sindh.

Al-Maqdisi
Shams al-Din Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abi Bakr, commonly known by the nisba al-Maqdisi or al-Muqaddasī,, meaning Jerusalemite, was a medieval Arab geographer, author of The Best Divisions in the Knowledge of the Regions and Description of Syria (Including Palestine).

His work has been praised for its vivid descriptions, especially of his native Palestine, an identity with which he proudly identified.
Seven & I Holdings
Seven & i Holdings Co., Ltd. (株式会社セブン&アイ・ホールディングス, Hepburn: Kabushiki gaisha Sebun & Ai Hōrudingusu) is a Japanese diversified retail holdings company headquartered in Nibanchō, Chiyoda, Tokyo. On September 1, 2005, it was established as a result of the integration of three companies: Ito-Yokado, Seven-Eleven Japan, and Denny's Japan. The purpose of this establishment was to create a holding company that would own these three companies. The background behind this decision was that the parent company, Ito-Yokado, was facing deteriorating performance, while its subsidiary, Seven-Eleven Japan, was experiencing growth in both sales and profits and was performing well.

Kabushiki gaisha
A kabushiki gaisha (Japanese: 株式会社; pronounced [kabɯɕi̥ki ɡaꜜiɕa] ⓘ; lit. 'share company') or kabushiki kaisha, commonly abbreviated K.K. or KK, is a type of company (会社, kaisha) defined under the Companies Act of Japan. The term is often translated as "stock company", "joint-stock company" or "stock corporation". The term kabushiki gaisha in Japan refers to any joint-stock company regardless of country of origin or incorporation; however, outside Japan the term refers specifically to joint-stock companies incorporated in Japan.
External pterygoid
External pterygoid can refer to:

Lateral pterygoid muscle (external pterygoid muscle)

Lateral pterygoid nerve (external pterygoid nerve)

Marcus Gunn phenomenon (external pterygoid-levator synkinesis)

Marcus Gunn phenomenon
Marcus Gunn phenomenon is an autosomal dominant condition with incomplete penetrance, in which nursing infants will have rhythmic upward jerking of their upper eyelid. This condition is characterized as a synkinesis: when two or more muscles that are independently innervated have either simultaneous or coordinated movements.

Common physiologic examples of synkineses occur during sucking, chewing, or conjugate eye movements. There are also several abnormal cranial nerve synkineses, both acquired and congenital. Marcus Gunn jaw-winking is an example of a pathologic congenital synkinesis.

First described by the ophthalmologist Marcus Gunn in 1883, this condition presents in approximately 5% of neonates with congenital ptosis. This condition has been associated with amblyopia (in 54% of cases), anisometropia (26%), and strabismus (56%).
Massachusetts's 14th congressional district
Massachusetts's 14th congressional district is an obsolete district that was first active 1795–1820 in the District of Maine, and again active 1903–1963 in eastern Massachusetts. It was most recently eliminated in 1963 after the 1960 U.S. census.  Its last congressman was Joseph William Martin Jr., who was redistricted into the 10th district.

District of Maine
The District of Maine was the governmental designation for what is now the U.S. state of Maine from October 25, 1780, to March 15, 1820, when it was admitted to the Union as the 23rd state. The district was a part of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and before American independence had been part of the British province of Massachusetts Bay.
Shane Parker (footballer)
Shane Parker (born 18 February 1973) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Fremantle Football Club. He made his debut in 1995, Fremantle's inaugural year in the Australian Football League.

In 2005, Parker became the first person to play 200 games for the club and celebrated the match by kicking the 10th goal in his career, his first goal in almost 4 seasons. He was known for his reliability in defence and his reclusive nature.

On 24 August 2007 after 238 games, Parker announced his retirement from AFL football (along with fellow player Troy Cook). Parker was the Dockers longest serving player for Fremantle until it was broken by Matthew Pavlich in 2016. Pavlich's record was however broken by David Mundy in 2021.

Parker attended St Stephen's School, Perth and is a devout Christian. In 2005 he was allegedly religiously vilified by Fraser Gehrig.

Fraser Gehrig
Fraser Gehrig (born 3 March 1976) is a retired Australian rules footballer who played for the St Kilda Football Club and the West Coast Eagles in the Australian Football League (AFL) .

Gehrig was a versatile player during his AFL career, beginning his career at West Coast before becoming known as a powerful goal kicker and Coleman Medalist at St Kilda.

Gehrig holds the bench press record at both West Coast and St Kilda as well as being the best bench press performer in the AFL, with many additionally regarding him as the strongest and most intimidating player in the AFL. While in the peak of his career, he was also widely regarded as the fastest player over 30 metres in any ball sport.
Emilijana Rizoska
Emilijana Rizoska (born 21 May 2005) is a Macedonian female handballer for WHC Gjorche Petrov and the North Macedonia national team.

She represented the North Macedonia at the 2022 European Women's Handball Championship.

2022 European Women's Handball Championship
The 2022 European Women's Handball Championship was held in Slovenia, North Macedonia and Montenegro from 4 to 20 November 2022. The tournament was advanced a month in order not to coincide with the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar. This tournament was the last to feature 16 teams that had been the case since 2002.

The top three team qualified for the 2023 World Championship and the winner will also qualify for the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Norway won their ninth title after defeating Denmark in the final. Bronze went to Montenegro, who defeated France at the extra time.
Poncelet's closure theorem
In geometry, Poncelet's closure theorem, also known as Poncelet's porism, states that whenever a polygon is inscribed in one conic section and circumscribes another one, the polygon must be part of an infinite family of polygons that are all inscribed in and circumscribe the same two conics. It is named after French engineer and mathematician Jean-Victor Poncelet, who wrote about it in 1822; however, the triangular case was discovered significantly earlier, in 1746 by William Chapple.

Poncelet's porism can be proved by an argument using an elliptic curve, whose points represent a combination of a line tangent to one conic and a crossing point of that line with the other conic.

Circumscribed circle
In geometry, a circumscribed circle for a set of points is a circle passing through each of them. Such a circle is said to circumscribe the points or a polygon formed from them; such a polygon is said to be inscribed in the circle.

Circumcircle, the circumscribed circle of a triangle, which always exists for a given triangle.

Cyclic polygon, a general polygon that can be circumscribed by a circle. The vertices of this polygon are concyclic points. All triangles are cyclic polygons.

Cyclic quadrilateral, a special case of a cyclic polygon.
Ethan Kilmer
Ethan Michael Kilmer (born January 31, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a safety in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Cincinnati Bengals in the seventh round of the 2006 NFL draft. He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions.

Kilmer was also a member of the Miami Dolphins prior to the 2009 season before his retirement.

Penn State Nittany Lions football
The Penn State Nittany Lions team represents the Pennsylvania State University in college football. The Nittany Lions compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) as a member of the Big Ten Conference, which they joined in 1993 after playing as an Independent from 1892 to 1992.

Established in 1887, the Nittany Lions have achieved numerous on-field successes, including two consensus national championships in 1982 and 1986; four Big Ten Conference championships in 1994, 2005, 2008 and 2016; 13 undefeated seasons in 1887, 1894, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1920, 1921, 1947, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1986 and 1994; and 53 appearances in college bowl games, with an all-time post-season bowl record of 32–20–2. The team ranks seventh among NCAA Division I college football programs in all-time total wins.

The Nittany Lions play their home games at Beaver Stadium, located on campus in University Park, Pennsylvania.
Ayn al-Tineh, Latakia Governorate
Ayn al-Tineh (Arabic: عين التينة, Ain al-Tineh) is a town in northwestern Syria administratively belonging to the Latakia Governorate, located east of Latakia. Nearby localities include the district center of al-Haffah to the northwest, Slinfah to the northeast, Farikah and Nabl al-Khatib to the east, Shathah to the southeast, Muzayraa to the south and al-Shir to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ayn al-Tineh had a population was 1,333 in 2004. It is the administrative center of the Ayn al-Tineh nahiyah ("subdistrict") which contains 13 localities with a collective population of 6,825. Its inhabitants predominantly Alawites.

It is situated on a limestone spur in the northern an-Nusayriyah Mountains, with an average elevation of 800 meters above sea level. Located between al-Haffah and Muzayraa, Ayn al-Tineh is separated from the two towns by wadis. 'Ayn al-Tineh' is also the name of a spring that flows under the nearby Citadel of Salah Ed-Din.

Latakia Governorate
Latakia Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة اللاذقية Muḥāfaẓat al-Lādhiqīyah), officially known as Lattakia Governorate, and also transliterated as Ladhakia, is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay Province to the north, Idlib and Hama Governorate to the east, Tartus Governorate to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Its reported area varies in different sources from 2,297 km2 (887 sq mi) to 2,437 km2 (941 sq mi). The governorate has a population of 1,008,000 (2011 estimate).
2nd Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)
The 2nd Panzer Division (English: 2nd Tank Division) was an armoured division in the German Army, the Heer, during World War II.

Created as one of the original three German tank divisions in 1935, it was stationed in Austria after the Anschluss and then participated in the campaigns in Poland (1939) and France (1940) before it returned to Poland for occupation duties (1940–1941). It took part in the Balkans campaign (1941) and then transferred to the Eastern Front in September 1941.

The division fought with Army Group Centre in the battles of Moscow (1941) and Kursk (1943). After heavy losses on the Eastern Front it was sent to France for rehabilitation (1944). It fought in Normandy and was almost completely destroyed in the Falaise Pocket (1944). It was rebuilt once more and fought in the Battle of the Bulge (1944) and in the defence of the Rhine (1945), surrendering to US forces at war's end.

Heinrich Freiherr von Lüttwitz
Heinrich Diepold Georg Freiherr von Lüttwitz (6 December 1896 – 9 October 1969) was a Prussian Junker, Olympic equestrian, and German officer who served in both World Wars, retiring as a General der Panzertruppe. Lüttwitz's team competed at the 1936 Summer games in Berlin but they came away without a medal. This failure was viewed as embarrassing by the Nazi regime and, as a consequence, he was left in professional obscurity for the next few years. He eventually went on to command two Panzer Divisions and the XLVII. Panzerkorps (47th Panzer Corps), where he earned fame for his demand of the surrender of the American 101st Airborne Division.
Canada Life Place
Canada Life Place is a sports-entertainment centre, in London, Ontario, Canada – the largest such centre in Southwestern Ontario. It was previously named John Labatt Centre and Budweiser Gardens.

Opened as the John Labatt Centre in 2002, it was named after John Labatt, founder of the Labatt brewery in London. The centre's name was changed to Budweiser Gardens (after Labatt's sister brand in AB InBev) in Fall 2012. Naming rights of the stadium were attained by Canada Life, and finalized in October 2024.

The centre was built to be the new downtown home of London's Ontario Hockey League team, the London Knights, replacing the 40-year-old London Ice House in the south end of the city, near Highway 401.

Canada Life
The Canada Life Assurance Company (French: La Compagnie d'Assurance du Canada sur la Vie), commonly known as Canada Life (Canada-Vie), is a Canadian insurance and financial services company with its headquarters in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The current company is the result of the 2020 amalgamation of The Great-West Life Assurance Company, London Life Insurance Company and The Canada Life Assurance Company, along with their holding companies (London Insurance Group Inc. and Canada Life Financial Corporation). The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Great-West Lifeco.
Kyle Briggs
Kyle Briggs (born 7 December 1987) is an English professional rugby league footballer who has played in the 2000s and 2010s. He has played at club level for Doncaster, Featherstone Rovers (four spells, including the second on loan), the Bradford Bulls, Harlequins RL (loan), the Dewsbury Rams (loan) and the Sheffield Eagles, as a stand-off or scrum-half.

Doncaster R.L.F.C.
Doncaster Rugby League Football Club is a professional rugby league football club, based in Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. They play home games at the Keepmoat Stadium and currently compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Doncaster have never won any major honours. Their traditional home colours are blue and amber after Leeds donated their home shirts to them when they were founded. They have a rivalry with Sheffield Eagles.
The End of Pinky
The End of Pinky (French: La Fin de Pinky) is a 2013 Canadian stereoscopic National Film Board of Canada animated short directed by Claire Blanchet, based on a short story of the same name by Heather O'Neill. Described by the director as an "animated film noir set in a dream-like version of Montreal's Red Light District," the film is narrated in its English version by O'Neill and in French by Quebec actor Marc-André Grondin. Music for the film was composed by Genevieve Levasseur. O'Neill's story was originally published in the 2008 January–February edition of The Walrus. The film had its world premiere on September 11 in the Short Cuts Canada Programme of the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.

In December 2013, The End of Pinky was named to the Toronto International Film Festival's annual Canada's Top Ten list, in the short film category. The film was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Animated Short at the 2nd Canadian Screen Awards in 2014.

2nd Canadian Screen Awards
The 2nd Canadian Screen Awards were held on March 9, 2014, to honour achievements in Canadian film, television, and digital media production in 2013. Awards in technical and some other categories were presented in a series of advance ceremonies during the week of March 3 to 8.

Nominations were announced on January 13, 2014. In film categories, Denis Villeneuve's Enemy led with 10 nominations, while in the television categories, the science fiction series Orphan Black received 14 nominations.

The awards ceremony were hosted by Martin Short for the second time, at the Sony Centre for the Performing Arts in Toronto, Ontario, and marked the 65th anniversary of the creation of the original Canadian Film Awards.
2016 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships
The 2016 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships (also known as the Fayez Sarofim & Co. U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships for sponsorship purposes) was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 48th edition of the U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships, and an ATP World Tour 250 event on the 2016 ATP World Tour. It took place at River Oaks Country Club in Houston, Texas, United States, from April 4 through April 10, 2016.

Dmitry Tursunov
Dmitry Igorevich Tursunov (Russian: Дми́трий И́горевич Турсу́нов, IPA: [ˈdmʲitrʲɪj tʊrˈsunəf] ⓘ; born 12 December 1982) is a Russian tennis coach and former player. At age 12, he moved to the United States to train and further his prospects of becoming a professional player. His career-high singles ranking is world No. 20, achieved in October 2006.

Tursunov jokes about his lack of ability and success on clay courts. He was sponsored by Fila and Wilson. He helped the Russian Davis Cup team win the 2006 Davis Cup and reach the finals of the 2007 Davis Cup.
Temeke District, Dar es Salaam
Temeke District, officially the Temeke Municipal Council (Halimashauri ya Manispaa ya Temeke, in Swahili) is one of five districts of the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. Temeke is bordered to the south by the Mkuranga District of the Pwani Region, to the north by the Indian Ocean, and to the northwest by the Ilala District. Temeke's eastern boundary is shared by Kigamboni District.  The district covers an area of 150.4 km2 (58.1 sq mi). The district is comparable in size to the land area of Cook Islands. The administrative seat is Miburani. The district is home to the University of Dar es Salaam's School of Education,  the National Stadium, the largest stadium in the country, Port of Dar es Salaam the largest port in the country, and The Chamazi Stadium the largest privately owned stadium. The 2012 National Tanzania Census states the population of the district as 1,205,949.

Districts of Tanzania
As of 2021, there are 31 regions (Swahili: mkoa, plural mikoa) of Tanzania which are divided into 184 districts (Swahili: wilaya).

In 2016, Songwe Region was created from the western part of Mbeya Region.

The districts are each administered by a district council. Cities are separately administered by their own councils, and while administratively within a region, are not considered to be located within a district. The districts are listed below, by unofficial area then region:
Peter Cownie
Peter Cownie (born April 19, 1980) is an American politician.

Cownie was born and raised in Des Moines, Iowa and resides in West Des Moines, Iowa.  He has a B.A. in American government from the University of Virginia and a Master's of Public Administration with an emphasis in public policy from Drake University. He is a Republican Party member who served on the Iowa House of Representatives from 2009 to 2019. Until 2013, Cownie held the District 60 seat. He was subsequently redistricted to District 42.

Cownie's mother Patricia was appointed to the Iowa Board of Regents in 2015 by Governor Terry Branstad. During her tenure, Patricia Cownie served as president pro term. Branstad's successor Kim Reynolds did not nominate Patricia Cownie to a second term.

West Des Moines, Iowa
West Des Moines is a city in Iowa, United States. Most of the city is in Polk County, some of it is in Dallas County, and small portions extend into Warren and Madison Counties.

As of the 2020 census, the city population was 68,723. West Des Moines is the second most populous city in the Des Moines metropolitan area and the sixth most populous city in Iowa.
Tatiana Kosintseva
Tatiana Anatolyevna Kosintseva (Russian: Татьяна Анатольевна Косинцева; born 11 April 1986) is a Russian chess grandmaster. She was awarded the title Grandmaster by FIDE in 2007. Kosintseva is a two-time European women's champion and three-time Russian women's champion. She was a member of the gold medal-winning Russian team at the Women's Chess Olympiads of 2010 and 2012, and at the Women's European Team Chess Championships of 2007, 2009 and 2011.

Women's Chess Olympiad
The Women's Chess Olympiad is an event held by FIDE (the International Chess Federation) since 1957 (every two years since 1972), where national women's teams compete at chess for gold, silver and bronze medals. Since 1976 the Women's Chess Olympiad has been incorporated within Chess Olympiad events, with simultaneous women's and open tournaments.

The trophy for the winning women's team is known as the Vera Menchik Cup in honor of the first Women's World Chess Champion (1927–1944). The Soviet Union has won it the most often: 11 times. Before the break-up of the Soviet Union, it has also been won by Hungary led by three Polgár sisters (twice) and Israeli team fully composed of Soviet-born players (once in 1976 when it was boycotted by the Eastern Bloc). In the post-Soviet era, China have won the event six times, Georgia – four times, Russia – three times, Ukraine – two times and India – once.
Fabian Schrödter
Fabian Schroedter (born 11 September 1982) is a German male former water polo player. He was part of the Germany men's national water polo team. He was a part of the  team at the 2004 Summer Olympics. He competed at world championships, including at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships.  On club level he played for Wasserfreunde Spandau 04 in Germany.

Water polo at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
38°2′13.5″N 23°47′2.9″E﻿ / ﻿38.037083°N 23.784139°E﻿ / 38.037083; 23.784139

The men's tournament of water polo at the 2004 Summer Olympics at Athens, Greece, began on August 15 and lasted until August 29, 2004.
Samir Azzimani
Samir Azzimani (Arabic: سمير عزيماني, born 22 October 1977) is a Moroccan French alpine and Nordic skier who competed for Morocco in the 2010 Winter Olympics. and at the 2015 Nordic ski World Championships in Falun, Sweden. He qualified for the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea for cross-country skiing competition.

He is a Moroccan who grew up in a rough area of Colombes and had eight schoolchildren from Woippy to accompany him to Vancouver so they could experience the Olympics. As Morocco's sole competitor at the games he served as his nation's flag bearer. He ranked 74 in men's giant slalom and 44 in men's slalom competitions in 2010 Winter Olympics.

Woippy
Woippy (French pronunciation: [vwapi]; German: Wappingen, [ˈvapɪŋən]; Lorraine Franconian: Weppech) is a French commune in the Moselle department, Grand Est, located near Metz.

Woippy houses the 6th Régiment du matériel (6e RMAT).

Woippy-Triage is the largest classification yard in France.