hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Socognathus
Socognathus is a genus of prehistoric chamopsiid polyglyphanodontian lizards containing species that lived from the Middle Campanian stage to the late Maastrichtian. Several specimens of the type species, Socognathus unicuspis, have been found in Alberta, Canada. A second species, Socognathus brachyodon is known from the late Maastrichtian Lance Formation; its fossils have been found in Wyoming, United States.

Stage (stratigraphy)
In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.  A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convention have the same name, and the same boundaries.

Rock series are divided into stages, just as geological epochs are divided into ages. Stages are divided into smaller stratigraphic units called chronozones or substages, and added together into superstages.

The term faunal stage is sometimes used, referring to the fact that the same fauna (animals) are found throughout the layer (by definition).
Tanda, Raebareli
Tanda is a village in Harchandpur block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 5 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, its population is 1,559, in 312 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Tanda as comprising 4 hamlets, with a total population of 583 people (299 male and 284 female), in 124 households and 111 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 490 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Tanda as having a population of 911 people, in 153 households, and having an area of 200.33 hectares. The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.

Raebareli district
Raebareli district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Raebareli is the district headquarters. This district is a part of Lucknow Division in Uttar Pradesh state. The total area of Raebareli district is 3,371 Sq. km.

As of 2011, its population is 3,405,559, which makes it the 27th largest in the state. It is a predominantly rural district, with 91% of the population living in rural areas.
Bardney railway station
Bardney railway station was a station in Bardney, Lincolnshire. North of the station the line split in two with one branch going to Lincoln and the other to Louth.

Bardney station was removed brick by brick and placed in the care of Railworld in Peterborough.

Louth, Lincolnshire
Louth (/laʊθ/ ⓘ) is a market town and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. Louth serves as an important town for a large rural area of eastern Lincolnshire. Visitor attractions include St James' Church, Hubbard's Hills, the market, many independent retailers, and Lincolnshire's last remaining cattle market.
Ballyclare Comrades F.C.
Ballyclare Comrades Football Club is an intermediate, Northern Irish football club playing in the NIFL Premier Intermediate League. The club hails from Ballyclare, County Antrim and plays its home matches at Dixon Park. Club colours are red and white. The club's rivals are Carrick Rangers and Larne and games between the three clubs are referred to as "The East Antrim Derbies".

NIFL Premier Intermediate League
The NIFL Premier Intermediate League (Known as the Playr-Fit NIFL Premier Intermediate League for sponsorship reasons) is the third level of the Northern Ireland Football League, the national association football league in Northern Ireland, and the highest intermediate division in Northern Ireland, occupying level three in the Northern Ireland football league system – below the NIFL Premiership (level 1) and NIFL Championship (level 2).

The third level in Northern Irish football was known as the Irish League Second Division from 1999 to 2003, the Irish Second Division from 2003 to 2008, the IFA Interim Intermediate League from 2008 to 2009, the IFA Championship 2 from 2009 to 2013, and the NIFL Championship 2 from 2013 to 2016. The league is set to be replaced at the start of the 2026 season by a new conference league format.
Who Am I Telling You?
"Who Am I Telling You?" is a song written by American singer-songwriter J. J. Cale who recorded the tune together with British rock guitarist Eric Clapton for their 2006 collaborative release The Road to Escondido for Duck and Reprise Records. The song features lead slide guitar playing by Derek Trucks from The Derek Trucks Band and The Allman Brothers Band and is written in the key of F major.

The song was recorded in August 2005 during the sessions for The Road to Escondido. Journalist Philip D. Huff from Twisted Ears calls the song "grand in its simplicity" whereas critic Doug Collette from All About Jazz praises Truck's slide guitar playing on the song, noting: "he is readily identifiable on 'Who Am I Telling You?'" but at the same time thinks that "neither these, nor other arrangements allow for much extended improvisation during which Trucks–and/or Clapton and Cale."

In 2016, a live version featuring Clapton and Cale was released on Live in San Diego.

JJ Cale
John Weldon "JJ" Cale (December 5, 1938 – July 26, 2013) was an American guitarist, singer, and songwriter. Though he avoided the limelight, his influence as a musical artist has been acknowledged by figures such as  Neil Young, Mark Knopfler, Waylon Jennings, and Eric Clapton, who described him as one of the most important artists in rock history. He is one of the originators of the Tulsa sound, a loose genre drawing on blues, rockabilly, country, and jazz.

In 2008, Cale and Clapton received a Grammy Award for their album The Road to Escondido.
TREVENTUS
Treventus is a company based in Vienna, Austria that was awarded the European ICT prize 2007 in Hanover, Germany for inventing an automatic book scanner, called ScanRobot. This innovative scanner is able to scan entire books automatically, handling the books carefully.

Book scanning
Book scanning or book digitization (also: magazine scanning or magazine digitization) is the process of converting physical books and magazines into digital media such as images, electronic text, or electronic books (e-books) by using an image scanner. Large scale book scanning projects have made many books available online. Digital books can be easily distributed, reproduced, and read on-screen. Image scanners may be manual or automated. After scanning, software adjusts the document images by lining it up, cropping it, picture-editing it, and converting it to text and final e-book form. Scanning resolution for book digitization varies depending on the purpose and nature of the material. High-end scanners capable of thousands of pages per hour can cost thousands of dollars. Projects like Project Gutenberg, Million Book Project, Google Books, and the Open Content Alliance scan books on a large scale. Image scanners may be manual or automated.
Modwheelmood
Modwheelmood (also typeset as ModWheelMood or modwheelmood and abbreviated as MWM) is an American electronic/alternative pop band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1998 by Alessandro Cortini (who is also part of the Nine Inch Nails concert lineup and former Abandoned Pools guitarist Pelle Hillström.

Year Zero Remixed
Year Zero Remixed (stylized as Y34RZ3R0R3M1X3D) is the third remix album by the American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails, released in the United States on November 20, 2007, and in the United Kingdom six days later. It features remixed versions of tracks from the band's previous studio album Year Zero, created by various producers and recording artists.

This album was the last Nine Inch Nails album to be released by Interscope Records; it fulfilled the band's contractual commitments to the company, leaving Nine Inch Nails frontman Trent Reznor to proceed as a "totally free agent, free of any recording contract with any label".
1914 All England Badminton Championships
The 1914 All England Open Badminton Championships was a badminton tournament held at the Royal Horticultural Hall, Westminster, England from 3 March to 8 March 1914.

It would be the last Championship before being suspended for the duration of World War I. Defending champion Guy Sautter continued to play under the alias of U N Lappin and successfully defended his title. Lavinia Radeglia emulated Sautter by retaining her women's singles title.

In the Men's doubles Frank Chesterton & George Thomas retained the title. The instances of an alias being used continued, in addition to Sautter playing as Lappin, Archibald Engelbach played as A. Fee.

Guy A. Sautter
Guy Alexandre Auguste Sautter (c.1886 – 1961) was a French born badminton player who held both Swiss and English nationality.

Sautter won the All England Open Badminton Championships, considered the unofficial World Badminton Championships, in men's singles in 1911, 1913 and 1914. In the 1913 and 1914 editions, he competed under the alias U. N. Lapin.
Wang Shu
Wang Shu (Chinese: 王澍, born 4 November 1963) is a Chinese architect based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. He is the dean of the School of Architecture of the China Academy of Art. With his practice partner and wife Lu Wenyu, he founded the firm Amateur Architecture Studio. In 2012, Wang became the first Chinese citizen to win the Pritzker Prize, the world's top prize in architecture. The award was the subject of some controversy since the Pritzker committee did not also award Lu Wenyu, his wife and architectural partner, despite their years of collaboration.

Haining
Hainingⓘ is a county-level city in Zhejiang Province, China, and under the jurisdiction of Jiaxing. It is in the south side of Yangtze River Delta, and in the north of Zhejiang. It is 125 km (78 mi) to the southwest of central Shanghai, and 61.5 km (38.2 mi) east of Hangzhou, the provincial capital. To its south lies the Qiantang River. The city has a land area of 700.5 km2 (270.5 sq mi) and as of the 2020 census, had a population of 1,076,199 inhabitants. Haining is known for its leather industry and spectacular tide in the Qiantang River. Since June 2021, it's linked to Hangzhou by the new suburban Hangzhou - Haining subway Line.
Concerto Grosso No. 1 (Schnittke)
The Concerto Grosso No. 1 was the first of six concerti grossi by Soviet composer Alfred Schnittke. It was written in 1976–1977 at the request of Gidon Kremer and Tatiana Grindenko who were also the violin soloists at its premiere on 21 March 1977 in Leningrad together with Yuri Smirnov on keyboard instruments and the Leningrad Chamber Orchestra under Eri Klas. It is one of the best-known of Schnittke's polystylistic compositions and marked his break-through in the West.

Hans Sikorski
Internationale Musikverlage Hans Sikorski is an international music publishing company in Berlin, formerly headquartered in Hamburg, Germany. As of June 2019, Sikorski is a part of Concord.

The music publishing firm of Hans Sikorski was founded in 1935. Sikorski's repertoire consists of entertainment music as well as contemporary serious music, and the firm has always been committed to new music from many countries.  Publications include chamber music, orchestral music and stage works to musicals and film music.
Pieter van Maldere
Pieter van Maldere, known also as Pierre van Maldere (16 October 1729 – 1 November 1768) was a Flemish violinist and composer.  He was a violinist of the Royal Chapel, the court orchestra in Brussels of the governor-general of the Austrian Netherlands, Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine.  After an international career which brought him to Dublin, Paris and Vienna, he returned to Brussels where he became a director of the Brussels opera house (De Munt/La Monnaie).  He was the leading composer of the Austrian Netherlands in the mid-18th century. His symphonies, exemplary for the galant style, merged French stylistic elements with Viennese and Italian influences.

Schönbrunn Palace
Schönbrunn Palace (German: Schloss Schönbrunn [ˈʃlɔs ʃøːnˈbʁʊn] ⓘ) was the main summer residence of the Habsburg rulers, located in Hietzing, the 13th district of Vienna. The name Schönbrunn (meaning "beautiful spring") has its roots in an artesian well from which water was consumed by the court.

The 1,441-room Baroque palace is one of the most important architectural, cultural, and historic monuments in the country. The history of the palace and its vast gardens spans over 300 years, reflecting the changing tastes, interests, and aspirations of successive Habsburg monarchs. It has been a major tourist attraction since the mid-1950s.
Sanju Weds Geetha
Sanju Weds Geetha is a 2011 Indian Kannada-language romantic drama film directed by Nagashekar and produced by Pramod Narayan and Murali Mohan. The film stars Srinagar Kitty and Ramya in the lead roles. Jassie Gift composed the soundtrack, while Sadhu Kokila composed the background score.

Sanju Weds Geetha was released on 1 April 2011 and became successful at the box-office upon release. The film also won critical acclaims and awards including the Karnataka State Film Awards, Filmfare Awards South and Suvarna Film Awards in various categories. The film was remade in 2017 in Bengali as Tomake Chai.

Sadhu Kokila
Sahaya Sheelan Shadrach (born 24 March 1966), known by his stage name Sadhu Kokila, is an Indian comedian, musician, actor, film director, producer, occasional screenwriter and lyricist who works in Kannada cinema. He began his career as a composer before taking to acting in films, appearing mostly in comic roles. He has directed ten Kannada films, the most notable one being Raktha Kanneeru (2003).

As a composer, he is a two-time recipient of the Karnataka State Film Award for Best Music Director, for Rakshasa (2005) and Inthi Ninna Preethiya (2008). As an actor, he has received multiple nominations and awards in the category of Best Comedian in the SIIMA Awards.
Inquiry
An inquiry (also spelled as enquiry in British English) is any process that has the aim of augmenting knowledge, resolving doubt, or solving a problem. A theory of inquiry is an account of the various types of inquiry and a treatment of the ways that each type of inquiry achieves its aim.

Doubt
Doubt is a mental state in which the mind remains suspended between two or more contradictory propositions, and is uncertain about them. Doubt on an emotional level is indecision between belief and disbelief. It may involve uncertainty, distrust or lack of conviction on certain facts, actions, motives, or decisions. Doubt can result in delaying or rejecting relevant action out of concern for mistakes or missed opportunities.
Limor Shreibman-Sharir
Limor Shreibman-Sharir (Hebrew: לימור שרייבמן-שריר; born 1954) is an Israeli writer, physician and beauty pageant titleholder. She was crowned Miss Israel 1973 and represented her country at Miss Universe 1973 where she placed 4th runner-up.

Miss Universe 1973
Miss Universe 1973 was the 22nd Miss Universe pageant, held at the Odeon of Herodes Atticus in Athens, Greece, on 21 July 1973. This was the first Miss Universe event to be held in Europe.

At the conclusion of the event, Kerry Anne Wells of Australia crowned Margarita Moran of the Philippines as Miss Universe 1973. It is the second victory of the Philippines in the pageant's history.

Contestants from sixty-one countries and territories participated in this year's pageant. The pageant was hosted by Bob Barker in his seventh consecutive year, while Helen O'Connell provided commentary and analysis throughout the event.
Benelli 250 2C
The Benelli 250 2C is a 250 cc (15 cu in) two-stroke, twin-cylinder motorcycle manufactured by the Italian Benelli company from 1973 to 1988. It was also badge-engineered as the MotoBi 250 2C and the Moto Guzzi 250 TS. Although marketed as a 250, the actual capacity was 231 cc (14.1 cu in) which allowed it to fall into a lower tax bracket in its native Italy and in France. In total 27,000 machines were produced, 12,000 of which were Moto Guzzi versions.

Benelli (motorcycles)
Benelli Q.J. is an Italian company, based in the city of Pesaro in the Marche region, that produces motorcycles and scooters.

Since 2005 Benelli is owned by the Qianjiang Motorcycle, a Chinese company owned by the Geely Holding Group. Originally founded in 1911 in Pesaro, Benelli is the second oldest Italian motorcycle company still in business.

Design, development and marketing activities are carried out at the Benelli QJ headquarters in Pesaro, Italy, in synergy with the parent company of Wenling China where motorcycles are produced.
Hukić
Hukić or Hukaj is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jasmin Hukić (born 1979), Bosnian basketball player

Muamer Hukić (born 1984), better known as Marco Huck, German boxer

Mustafa Hukić (1951–1999), Bosnian footballer and manager

Nizah Hukić (born 1969), football manager

Marco Huck
Muamer Hukić (born 11 November 1984), best known as Marco Huck, is a Bosniak German professional boxer. He held the WBO cruiserweight title from 2009 to 2015, and is the joint-longest reigning cruiserweight world champion of all time, having made thirteen consecutive successful defenses, a division record shared with Johnny Nelson. Huck also held the IBO cruiserweight title from 2016 to 2017, the European cruiserweight title from 2008 to 2009, and has challenged once for the WBA (Regular) heavyweight title in 2012.
Shukan Jitsuwa
Shukan Jitsuwa (週刊実話, Shūkan Jitsuwa; lit. "Weekly True Stories") is a Japanese weekly tabloid magazine for men published by Nihon Journal Shuppan, first issued in September 1958. It contains stories of popular interest and nude photographs.

In September 2003, journalist Leo Lewis noted that Japan's weekly news magazines (including Shukan Jitsuwa) were "the last bastion of serious investigative journalism in Japan" and further states that the lurid covers with semi-naked girls may entice "but the real action between the covers is very often deadly serious journalism.". Lewis' report was also noticed in the 2004 Annual Report of the international organization Reporters sans frontières.

Gossip magazine
A gossip magazine, also referred to as a tabloid magazine, is a magazine that features scandalous stories about the personal lives of celebrities and other well-known individuals. In North America, this genre of magazine flourished in the 1950s and early 1960s. The title Confidential, founded in 1952, peaked with a circulation of over four million copies, and it had many competitors, with names such as Whisper, Dare, Suppressed, The Hollywood Lowdown, Hush-Hush, and Uncensored. These magazines included more lurid and explicit content than did the popular newspaper gossip columns of the time, including tales of celebrity infidelity, arrests, and drug  use.
Violent non-state actors at sea
Violent non-state actors at sea includes all violent non-state actors that engage in naval, amphibious or littoral violence or warfare.

These include:

Actual navies, such as the Sea Tigers, one of the most successful non-state navies in the 20th century;

Other actors, such as pirates that play a navy-like role in place of a failed state, and

Non-malicious actors such as Neptune's Navy. This is an example of a non-armed, violent non-state actor at sea, as they nevertheless have engaged in violence.

Both Neptune's Navy and pirates are also examples of non-state actors whose role is a matter of perspective. Neptune's Navy believe themselves to be environmentalist, while the ICRW and the Japanese government have labeled them terrorists. And pirates off the coast of Somalia claim to be "freedom fighters", defending Somali waters from pollution and foreign access.

Sea Tigers
The Sea Tigers (Tamil: கடற்புலிகள் Kaţaṛpulikaḷ) was the naval wing of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) during the Sri Lankan Civil War. It was founded in 1984. The Sea Tigers had a number of small but effective suicide bomber vessels. During its existence it had gained a reputation as a capable adversary for the Sri Lankan Navy. During the civil war, the Sea Tigers had sunk at least 29 Sri Lankan small inshore patrol boats, 20 Dvora-class fast patrol boats, 3 gunboats, 2 large surveillance command ships, and one freighter.

The Sea Tigers were led by Soosai, with their main base at Mullaitivu, on the north-eastern coast of Sri Lanka. Their last base was taken when the Sri Lanka Army captured Chalai in Mullaitivu in February 2009.
Until the End of Time (Tupac Shakur song)
"Until the End of Time" is a posthumous single from the 2001 2Pac album of the same name. The song was very successful and was a big contributor to the album going 4× Platinum. The song features R.L. Huggar from the R&B group Next. An alternate version features Mr. Mister's lead singer and bassist Richard Page on vocals and bass. The music video for the song contains a compilation of unreleased footage of Shakur. It charted at #52 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Next (American group)
Next is an American R&B musical trio, popular during the late 1990s and early 2000s. They are best known for their Billboard Hot 100 number-one hit single "Too Close". They are also known for "Wifey", "Butta Love" and "I Still Love You", all of which still receive frequent airplay on Urban Adult Contemporary radio stations in the U.S. and internationally.
Lucia Basson
Lucia Basson (born 20 March 1953 in Karasburg, ǁKaras Region) is a Namibian politician who has been the governor of the ǁKaras Region of Namibia from April 2015 to April 2020. A member of SWAPO, Basson was a member of the National Assembly of Namibia from being chosen for the SWAPO electoral list by President Sam Nujoma in 2005 until 2010, when she narrowly missed re-election. She is a SWAPO leader from the Hardap Region.

SWAPO
The South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO /ˈswɑːpoʊ/; Afrikaans: Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volks Organisasie, SWAVO; German: Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisation, SWAVO), officially known as the SWAPO Party of Namibia, is a political party and former independence movement in Namibia (formerly South West Africa). Founded in 1960, it has been the governing party in Namibia since the country achieved independence in 1990. The party continues to be dominated in number and influence by the Ovambo ethnic group.

SWAPO held a two-thirds majority in parliament from 1994 to 2019. In the general election held in November 2019, the party won 65.5% of the popular vote and 63 out of the 104 seats in the National Assembly. It also holds 28 out of the 42 seats in the National Council. From November 2017 until his death in February 2024, Namibian President Hage Geingob remained the president of SWAPO after being elected to the position at the party's electoral congress.
Klaus Krippendorff
Klaus Krippendorff (March 21, 1932 – October 10, 2022) was a communication scholar, social science methodologist, and cyberneticist. and was the Gregory Bateson professor for Cybernetics, Language, and Culture at the University of Pennsylvania's Annenberg School for Communication. He wrote an influential textbook on content analysis and is the creator of the widely used and eponymous measure of interrater reliability, Krippendorff's alpha. In 1984–1985, he served as the president of the International Communication Association, one of the two largest professional associations for scholars of communication.

Inter-rater reliability
In statistics, inter-rater reliability (also called by various similar names, such as inter-rater agreement, inter-rater concordance, inter-observer reliability, inter-coder reliability, and so on) is the degree of agreement among independent observers who rate, code, or assess the same phenomenon.

Assessment tools that rely on ratings must exhibit good inter-rater reliability, otherwise they are not valid tests.

There are a number of statistics that can be used to determine inter-rater reliability. Different statistics are appropriate for different types of measurement. Some options are joint-probability of agreement, such as Cohen's kappa, Scott's pi and Fleiss' kappa; or inter-rater correlation, concordance correlation coefficient, intra-class correlation, and Krippendorff's alpha.