hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Portuguese immigration to Hawaii
Portuguese immigration to Hawaii began in 1878 when laborers from Madeira and the Azores migrated there to work in the sugarcane plantations. By the end of 1911, nearly 16,000 Portuguese immigrants had arrived.

Sugar plantations in Hawaii
Sugarcane was introduced to Hawaiʻi by its first inhabitants in approximately 600 AD and was observed by Captain Cook upon arrival in the islands in 1778. Sugar quickly turned into a big business and generated rapid population growth in the islands with 337,000 people immigrating over the span of a century. The sugar grown and processed in Hawaiʻi was shipped primarily to the United States and, in smaller quantities, globally. Sugarcane and pineapple plantations were the largest employers in Hawaiʻi. Sugar production ended in 2016, with a small quantity of sugarcane still being grown for the manufacture of Rhum agricole.
Harvest Moon (Neil Young song)
"Harvest Moon" is a song written by Canadian and American singer and songwriter Neil Young, released in November 1992 by Reprise Records as the first single from his 19th album bearing the same name, Harvest Moon (1992). The song was both written and produced by Young, reaching No. 36 on the UK Singles Chart, and Rolling Stone ranked it his 30th best.

Reprise Records
Reprise Records is an American record label founded in 1960 by Frank Sinatra. It is owned by Warner Music Group, and operates through Warner Records, one of its flagship labels.

Artists currently signed to Reprise Records include Green Day, Enya, Michael Bublé, Eric Clapton, Stevie Nicks, Neil Young, Deftones, Lindsey Buckingham, Josh Groban, Disturbed, Idina Menzel, My Chemical Romance, Gerard Way, Dwight Yoakam, Never Shout Never, and Billy Strings.
Council of Pakistan Newspaper Editors
The Council of Pakistan Newspaper Editors (CPNE) has worked since its foundation in 1951 as the combined body of newspaper editors in Pakistan to campaign for defence of press freedom and the right of access to information in the service of democratic practice and strengthening of democratic institutions in the country.

However, one editor of the Business Recorder (newspaper) claimed the group was founded in 1958 by the merger of 
the Pakistan Newspapers Editors Conference and Newspapers Editors Council of Pakistan.

As of 2014, its President is Mujeeb-ur-Rehman Shami. The members of this prestigious organization of the newspaper editors have also adopted a Code of Ethics which lays down the norms for maintaining the dignity of the print media as a non-partisan and professional high standard in member publications in respect of publications of news, views, comments and other write-ups.

Arif Nizami
Arif Nizami (Punjabi, Urdu: عارِف نِظامی; 14 October 1948 – 21 July 2021) was a Pakistani journalist and caretaker federal minister who was the founder of the Pakistan Today.

Previously, he had been an editor of The Nation and had served as Minister of Information and Postal Service in the Khoso caretaker ministry.

In March 2023, he was posthumously awarded the Hilal-i-Imtiaz by the President of Pakistan for his contribution to the field of journalism.
Garo Zakarian
Garo Hovannesi Zakarian (Arm: Կարո Հովհաննեսի Զաքարյան; 15 December 1895, Van, Ottoman Empire - 11 May 1967, Yerevan, Armenian SSR), was a Soviet Armenian composer and conductor. He was named a People's Artist of Armenia in 1960.

Van, Turkey
Van is a city in eastern Turkey's Van Province, on the eastern shore of Lake Van. It is the capital and largest city of Van Province.

Van has a long history as a major urban area. It has been a large city since the first millennium BCE, initially as Tushpa, the capital of the kingdom of Urartu from the 9th century BCE to the 6th century BCE, and later as the center of the Armenian kingdom of Vaspurakan. Turkic presence in Van and in the rest of Anatolia started as a result of Seljuk victory at the Battle of Malazgirt (1071) against the Byzantine Empire.

Van was densely populated by Armenians until the Armenian genocide in the 1910s. Today, it is mostly inhabited by Kurds.
Élisabeth de Gramont
Antoinette Corisande Élisabeth, Duchess of Clermont-Tonnerre (née de Gramont; 23 April 1875 – 6 December 1954) was a French writer of the early 20th century, best known for her long-term lesbian relationship with Natalie Clifford Barney, an American writer. Élisabeth de Gramont had grown up among the highest aristocracy; when she was a child, according to Janet Flanner, "peasants on her farm... begged her not to clean her shoes before entering their houses". She looked back on this lost world of wealth and privilege with little regret, and became known as the "red duchess" for her support of socialism and feminism.

She was a close friend, and sometimes critic of writer Marcel Proust, whom she first met in 1903.

Aristocracy
Aristocracy (from Ancient Greek  ἀριστοκρατίᾱ (aristokratíā) 'rule of the best'; from  ἄριστος (áristos) 'best' and  κράτος (krátos) 'power, strength') is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small, privileged ruling class, the aristocrats.

Across Europe, the aristocracy exercised immense economic, political, and social influence. In Western Christian countries, the aristocracy was mostly equal with magnates, also known as the titled or higher nobility, however the members of the more numerous social class, the untitled lower nobility (petty nobility or gentry) were not part of the aristocracy.
6th Transportation Battalion (United States)
The 6th Transportation Battalion is a transportation battalion of the United States Army first constituted in 1943. The 6th Transportation Battalion has participated in World War II, Vietnam, Desert Storm, Operation New Dawn.

The battalion's inactivation ceremony was held on 28 August 2012.

Transportation Corps
The Transportation Corps is a combat service support branch of the U.S. Army.  It is responsible for the movement of personnel and material by truck, rail, air, and sea.  It is one of three U.S. Army logistics branches, the others being the Quartermaster Corps and the Ordnance Corps. The Corps was established in its current form on 31 July 1942, with predecessor services dating back to the American Civil War. The Transportation Corps is currently headquartered at Fort Lee, Virginia. The officer in charge of the branch for doctrine, training, and professional development purposes is the Chief of Transportation (CoT) and Commandant of the US Army Transportation School, currently held by BG Beth A. Behn. The Corps's motto is "Nothing Happens Until Something Moves".
Stanisław of Masovia
Stanisław of Masovia (pl: Stanisław mazowiecki; 17 May 1501 – 8 August 1524), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast in the Masovian branch. He was a Duke of Czersk, Warsaw, Liw, Zakroczym and Nur during 1503-1524 (under regency until 1518) jointly with his brother.

He was the eldest son of Konrad III the Red and his third wife Anna, a daughter of Mikolaj Radziwiłł the Old, Voivod of Vilnius and the first Grand Chancellor of Lithuania.

Czersk, Masovian Voivodeship
Czersk (Polish pronunciation: [t͡ʂɛrsk] ⓘ) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Góra Kalwaria, within Piaseczno County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. The village also lies on the Czersk Lake (size: 9 hectares), which is an oxbow lake of the Vistula.

Czersk was an important settlement in the past and is one of the oldest Mazovian cities, famous for ruins of a medieval castle constructed in the late 14th century. It was a royal town of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland in the past. In 1247–1526, it was the capital of the Duchy of Czersk, one of medieval Polish duchies. After incorporation of Mazovia into Poland (1526), the duchy was turned into the Czersk Land (see ziemia), part of Masovian Voivodeship (1526–1795). The Land of Czersk was divided into four counties - those of Czersk, Grójec, Garwolin (since 1539), and Warka. Czersk itself was the seat of castellans, who also were senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Valdetórtola
Valdetórtola is a municipality located in the province of Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 146 inhabitants. WebÇ: http://www.tortolaweb.com

Province of Cuenca
Cuenca (Spanish: [ˈkweŋka] ⓘ) is one of the five provinces of the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. It is located in the eastern part of this autonomous community and covers 17,141 square km. It has a population of 203,841 inhabitants – the least populated of the five provinces. Its capital city is also called Cuenca.
Glucose tolerance test
The glucose tolerance test (GTT, not to be confused with GGT test) is a medical test in which glucose is given and blood samples taken afterward to determine how quickly it is cleared from the blood. The test is usually used to test for diabetes, insulin resistance, impaired beta cell function, and sometimes reactive hypoglycemia and acromegaly, or rarer disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. In the most commonly performed version of the test, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), a standard dose of glucose is ingested by mouth and blood levels are checked two hours later. Many variations of the GTT have been devised over the years for various purposes, with different standard doses of glucose, different routes of administration, different intervals and durations of sampling, and various substances measured in addition to blood glucose.

Medical test
A medical test is a  medical procedure performed to detect, diagnose, or monitor diseases, disease processes, susceptibility, or to determine a course of treatment. Medical tests such as, physical and visual exams, diagnostic imaging, genetic testing, chemical and cellular analysis, relating to clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics, are typically performed in a medical setting.
Jack Cotter
Jack Cotter (8 January 1915 – 27 July 1976) was an Australian rules footballer who played in the VFL between 1935 and 1941 for the Richmond Football Club and in 1946 for the South Melbourne Football Club.

Serving in the Australian Army between 1942 and 1946, Cotter went on to become Captain/Coach of Golden Point, Golden Square, Dunkeld, Alexandra, Yarck and Dunolly, leading his teams to Premierships in 1947 (Golden Point), 1952 (Alexandra) and 1958 (Dunolly).

Golden Point Football Club
The Golden Point Football Club was an Australian rules football club which competed in the Ballarat Football League from 1908 to 2000. They merged with East Ballarat in 2001 to form the East Point Football Club.
With the Naked Eye
With the Naked Eye is an album by the American band the Greg Kihn Band, released in 1979. It was produced by Matthew King Kaufman, Glen Koloktin, and Kenny Laguna.

The album contains a cover of the Bruce Springsteen song "Rendezvous", as well as a cover of Jonathan Richman's "Roadrunner".

Jonathan Richman
Jonathan Michael Richman (born May 16, 1951) is an American singer, songwriter and guitarist. In 1970, he founded the Modern Lovers, an influential proto-punk band. Since the mid-1970s, Richman has worked either solo or with low-key acoustic and electric backing. He is known for his wide-eyed, unaffected, and childlike outlook, and music that, while rooted in rock and roll, is influenced by music from around the world.
Mount Phillips (Canada)
Mount Phillips is a mountain located on the border of Jasper National Park (Alberta) and Mount Robson Provincial Park (British Columbia). It is Alberta's 61st highest peak, and British Columbia's 84th highest peak. It was named in 1923 by J. Norman Collie after Donald "Curly" Phillips, a Jasper area outfitter and guide who made the disputed first ascent of Mount Robson in 1909.

Jasper National Park
Jasper National Park, in Alberta, Canada, is the largest national park within Alberta's Rocky Mountains, spanning 11,000 km2 (4,200 sq mi). It was established as Jasper Forest Park in 1907, renamed as a national park in 1930, and declared a UNESCO world heritage site in 1984. Its location is north of Banff National Park and west of Edmonton. The park contains the glaciers of the Columbia Icefield, springs, lakes, waterfalls and mountains.
WIZM (AM)
WIZM (1410 kHz, “WIZM NewsTalk 1410AM, 92.3FM”) is an AM radio station  broadcasting a News Talk Information format. Licensed to La Crosse, Wisconsin, United States, the station serves the La Crosse area.  The station is currently owned by Mid-West Family Broadcasting, and features programming from CBS News Radio, Genesis Communications Network, Premiere Networks, USA Radio Network, and Westwood One.

Genesis Communications Network
The Genesis Communications Network, often referred to as GCN, was a radio network that operated from 1998 to 2024, owned by Ted Anderson. The network, at its peak, produced 45 shows, distributed on more than 780 radio stations nationwide. The network was known for talk programming; Alex Jones was its most prominent syndicated personality.
Her Sister from Paris
Her Sister from Paris is a 1925 American silent comedy film based upon the play The Twin Sister by Ludwig Fulda. It was directed by Sidney Franklin and stars Constance Talmadge, Ronald Colman, and George K. Arthur.

The film's sets were designed by the art director William Cameron Menzies while the costumes were by Adrian, working on his first production.

Ludwig Fulda
Ludwig Anton Salomon Fulda (July 7, 1862 – March 7, 1939) was a German playwright and poet, with a strong social commitment. He lived with Moritz Moszkowski's first wife Henriette, née Chaminade, younger sister of pianist and composer Cécile Chaminade.
Herman Garretson
Herman John Garretson (June 26, 1890 – December 8, 1972) was an American football and basketball coach. He served as the head football coach at Parsons College in Fairfield, Iowa in 1916 and at Iowa Wesleyan College in Mount Pleasant, Iowa from 1921 to 1922. Garretson  was also the head basketball coach at Iowa Wesleyan from 1921 to 1923, compiling a record of 18–8.

Herman Garretson was born in Iowa and had a twin brother, Howard. He was married twice, first to Marion Scott Becker with whom he had three sons: Frank, Herman Jr. and Ronald. His oldest son, Frank E. Garretson, served in the Marine Corps during World War II and was decorated with the Navy Cross during the combats in Pacific. He remained in the Marines and retired as Brigadier general. Herman's second wife was Helen Huston.

Fairfield, Iowa
Fairfield is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Iowa, United States. It has a population of 9,416 people, according to the 2020 census.  Fairfield is known as an international center for Transcendental Meditation and is home of Maharishi International University.

It became the county seat in 1839 with 110 residents and grew to 650 by 1847. Its library was established in 1853, and it held its first fair in 1854. Early architecture in Fairfield includes work by George Franklin Barber and Barry Byrne.
1996 Kids' Choice Awards
The 9th Annual Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards was held on May 11, 1996, at Universal Studios Hollywood. Whitney Houston hosted the ceremony with Rosie O'Donnell co-hosting via satellite from a New York Harbor cruise, and Mark Curry served as a guest announcer. Houston became the first celebrity to host more than one Kids' Choice Awards.

Mark Curry (American actor)
Marcus G. Curry (born June 1, 1961), known professionally as Mark Curry, is an American actor, comedian, and television host. He is best known for his role as Mark Cooper, ex–basketball player turned teacher on the ABC sitcom Hangin' with Mr. Cooper which originally aired from 1992 to 1997. Curry also served as one of the various hosts of the syndicated series It's Showtime at the Apollo during the early 1990s. Curry co-starred in all three seasons of See Dad Run, Nick at Nite's first original live-action family comedy series, from 2012 to 2015.
Plating (geology)
In geology, plating is a hypothesized process whereby asthenospheric mantle hardens beneath crustal material, thereby becoming attached to it and thereafter moving together with the crustal material as part of the lithosphere.

A complementary process, although it does not necessarily always involve the upper mantle, is called delamination.

Mantle (geology)
A mantle is a layer inside a planetary body bounded below by a core and above by a crust. Mantles are made of rock or ices, and are generally the largest and most massive layer of the planetary body. Mantles are characteristic of planetary bodies that have undergone differentiation by density.  All terrestrial planets (including Earth), half of the giant planets, specifically ice giants, a number of asteroids, and some planetary moons have mantles.
Phoenix Biomedical Campus
The Phoenix Bioscience Core (PBC), formerly the Phoenix Biomedical Campus, is a city-owned, 30-acre (12 hectares) urban bioscience and medical education and research campus located in downtown Phoenix, Arizona. It comprises public and private academic, clinical and research organizations. It is the only site where all 3 of Arizona’s public universities (Arizona State University (ASU), Northern Arizona University (NAU), and the University of Arizona (UofA)) conduct and collaborate in research in one location.

Medical centers in the United States
This article discusses the major medical centers in the U.S. For all hospitals, see List of hospitals in the United States. For a general discussion about U.S. health care see Health care in the United States.

Medical centers in the United States are conglomerations of health care facilities including hospitals and research facilities that also either include or are closely affiliated with a medical school.

Although the term medical center is sometimes loosely used to refer to any concentration of health care providers including local clinics and individual hospital buildings, the term academic medical center more specifically refers to larger facilities or groups of facilities that include a full spectrum of health services, medical education, and medical research.

The major medical centers represent the premier sites of health care in the United States. They vary greatly in their organization, the services they provide, and their ownership and operation.
2022 SRX Stafford round
The 2022 SRX race at Stafford  was a Superstar Racing Experience race that was held on July 2, 2022. It was contested over 75 laps on the 0.50-mile (0.80 km) oval. It was the 3rd race of the 2022 SRX Series season. Ryan Newman took the lead late from Marco Andretti to earn his first SRX series victory.

Ryan Newman (racing driver)
Ryan Joseph Newman (born December 8, 1977), nicknamed "Rocket Man", is an American professional stock car racing driver that competed in the NASCAR Cup Series from 2000 to 2023. He claimed 18 official wins including the 2008 Daytona 500 and 2013 Brickyard 400, as well as 117 top-fives, 51 pole positions, and a non-points win at the 2002 Winston. Newman was runner-up in 2014, and ranked sixth in 2002, 2003, and 2005. Newman currently competes in the SMART Modified Tour for Coulter Motorsports.
Ustye-Gorodishchenskoye
Ustye-Gorodishchenskoye (Russian: Устье-Городищенское) is a rural locality (a village) in Nyuksenskoye Rural Settlement, Nyuksensky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 65 as of 2002. There are 4 streets.

Nyuksensky District
Nyuksensky District (Russian: Ню́ксенский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast and borders with Ustyansky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast in the north, Velikoustyugsky District in the east, Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District in the southeast, Babushkinsky District in the south, Totemsky District in the southwest, and with Tarnogsky District in the west. The area of the district is 5,167.42 square kilometers (1,995.15 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Nyuksenitsa. District's population: 9,777 (2010 Census); 11,714 (2002 Census); 13,287 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nyuksenitsa accounts for 43.7% of the district's total population.
Colin Love
Colin Love AM, (born 25 January 1945 in Australia) is the former chairman of the Rugby League International Federation (RLIF), New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) and Australian Rugby League (ARL). He was the seventh chairman of the ARL, and the eleventh of the NSWRL.

Love, who acquired his law degree at Sydney University after matriculating from Sydney Boys High School, graduating in 1961, began his association with rugby league when he was involved with contract negotiations for players in the late 1970s. He was retained as the league's solicitor soon afterwards; Love was an active participant as a solicitor for the ARL and Kerry Packer during the Super League war of the mid-1990s. Love was elected chairman of the ARL in 1999.

On Saturday, 26 January 2007, Love was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for his contribution to both the sport of rugby league football and to sports law.

Love was succeeded as RLIF chairman in June 2011 by Scott Carter.

Kerry Packer
Kerry Francis Bullmore Packer (17 December 1937 – 26 December 2005) was an Australian media tycoon, and was considered one of Australia's most powerful media proprietors of the twentieth century. The Packer family company owned a controlling interest in both the Nine Network and the publishing company Australian Consolidated Press, which were later merged to form Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (PBL). Outside Australia, Packer was best known for founding World Series Cricket. At the time of his death, he was the richest and one of the most influential men in Australia. In 2004, Business Review Weekly magazine estimated Packer's net worth at A$6.5 billion.
Cory Weeds
Cory Weeds (born 1975) is a Canadian jazz saxophonist and impresario. He is the founder and owner of the Cellar Music Group record label.

Weeds has performed alongside musicians including Christian McBride, Joey DeFrancesco, Peter Bernstein (guitarist), Eric Alexander (jazz saxophonist), Mike LeDonne, and Joe Farnsworth.

Impresario
An impresario (from Italian impresa 'an enterprise or undertaking') is a person who organizes and often finances concerts, plays, or operas, performing a role in stage arts that is similar to that of a film or television producer.
Josepha Heath Gulston
Josepha Heath Gulston (23 February 1811 – 15 November 1859) was a Welsh novelist.  She published five novels in the 1850s under the pseudonym Talbot Gwynne.

She was the eldest daughter of Joseph Gulston, owner of the Derwydd estate in Carmarthenshire, and Anna Maria Knowles.  Her novel The School for Fathers was read by Charlotte Brontë and George Eliot, and her novel Young Singleton may have been an influence on Eliot's Daniel Deronda.  She also published a children's fantasy story with lithographed illustrations called The Goblin's Moonlight Walk in 1844.

Daniel Deronda
Daniel Deronda is a novel by English author George Eliot (the pen name of Mary Ann Evans), first published in eight installments from February to September 1876. It was the last novel she completed and the only one set in the Victorian society of her day. The work's mixture of social satire and moral searching, along with its sympathetic rendering of proto-Zionist ideas, has made it a final statement from one of the most renowned Victorian novelists.

The novel has been adapted for film three times, once as a silent feature and twice for television. It has also been adapted for the stage, notably in the 1960s by the 69 Theatre Company in Manchester with Vanessa Redgrave cast as the heroine Gwendolen Harleth.

The novel's plot has two strands. One is the "story of Gwendolen," which has been called "one of the masterpieces of English fiction," while the other, which is concerned with Daniel Deronda, has been described as "flat and unconvincing."