hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mauricio Resende
Mauricio G. C. Resende (born July 27, 1955 in Maceió, Brazil) is a Brazilian-American research scientist with contributions to the field of mathematical optimization. He is best known for the development of the metaheuristics GRASP (greedy randomized adaptive search procedures), and BRKGA (biased random-key genetic algorithms) as well as the first successful implementation of Karmarkar’s interior point algorithm.

He published over 180 peer-reviewed papers, the book Optimization by GRASP and co-edited five books, including the Handbook of Applied Optimization, the Handbook of Optimization in Telecommunications, the Handbook of Heuristics, and the Handbook of Massive Datasets. Additionally, he gave multiple plenary talks in international conferences and is on the editorial boards of several scientific journals.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Daas Hassan Ali
Daas Hassan Ali (Arabic: دعاس حسن علي) is a Syrian former Ba'athist brigadier general known for his role as director of the General Security Directorate in Deir ez-Zor, who was arrested in 2025 due to his role in coordinating the Western Syria clashes in Latakia.

Deir ez-Zor Governorate
Deir ez-Zor Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة دير الزور Muḥāfaẓat Dayr az-Zawr) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in eastern Syria, bordering Iraq. It has an area of 33,060 km2 (12,760 sq mi) and a population of 1,239,000 (2011 estimate). The capital is Deir ez-Zor. It is divided roughly equally from northwest to southeast by the Euphrates.
Çayırhan power station
Çayırhan power station is a 620 MW operational coal fired power station in Turkey in Ankara Province. In 2019 land was expropriated for another lignite mine, to feed the a proposed extension, which was opposed as uneconomic and eventually had its licence revoked.

Global Energy Monitor
Global Energy Monitor (GEM) is a San Francisco–based non-governmental organization which catalogs fossil fuel and renewable energy projects worldwide. GEM shares information in support of clean energy and its data and reports on energy trends are widely cited by governments, media, and academic researchers.
Clintonism
Clintonism refers to the political and economic policies of Bill and Hillary Clinton, as well as the era of his presidency in the United States. Members of the Democratic Party who are aligned with these political policies and practices are called Clinton Democrats.

The Democratic Leadership Council (DLC), a pro-Democratic Party establishment, argues that Clintonism "stands for economic growth and opportunity; for fiscal responsibility; for work, not welfare; for preventing crime and punishing criminals; and for non-bureaucratic, empowering government" and further says that "these policies are key to the successes in the beginning of the 21st century."

On the other hand, some critics of Clinton associate Clintonism with "coddling big money (except guns and tobacco), financial scandals, winning at any cost, flip-flopping and prevaricating".

Flip-flop (politics)
A "flip-flop" (used mostly in the United States), U-turn (used in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Pakistan, Malaysia, etc.), or backflip (used in Australia and New Zealand) is a derogatory term for a sudden real or apparent change of policy or opinion by a public official, sometimes while trying to claim that the two positions are consistent with each other. It carries connotations of pandering and hypocrisy. Often, flip-flops occur during the period prior to or following an election in order to maximize the candidate's popularity.
John Lundon
John Lundon (1828 – 7 February 1899) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from Northland, New Zealand.

Born in County Limerick, Ireland, he arrived in Auckland in 1843. He represented Raglan and Onehunga on the Auckland Provincial Council. He was a hotel-keeper in Auckland, and an entrepreneur in Auckland and Samoa.

He unsuccessfully contested the 1870 by-election for Mongonui and the 1873 by-election for Mongonui and Bay of Islands.

He represented the Mongonui and Bay of Islands electorate from 1879 to 1881, when he was defeated by Richard Hobbs standing in the Bay of Islands electorate. He contested the Bay of Islands electorate in the 1890 election and was beaten by Robert Houston.

County Limerick
County Limerick (Irish: Contae Luimnigh) is a western county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is located in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Limerick. Limerick City and County Council is the local council for the county. The county's population at the 2022 census was 209,536 of whom 102,287 lived in Limerick City, the county capital.
Poecilothrissa
Poecilothrissa centralis, the Central Zaire pellonuline, is a very small fish of the Dorosomatidae family which is found only in Lake Tumba and the Ruki River as well as the Congo and Busira Rivers.  It is the only member of the genus Poecilothrissa.

Ruki River
The Ruki  (Swahili: Mto Ruki) is a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is a left tributary of the Congo River. It may be seen as the lower reach of the Busira River, which in turn may be seen as the lower reach of the Tshuapa River.
Winton, Dorset
Winton is a suburb of Bournemouth, in the Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole district, in the ceremonial county of Dorset, England (historically in Hampshire). It lies approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Bournemouth town centre, along Wimborne Road (the A347). Winton is to the east of Wallisdown, Victoria Park and Talbot Woods and south of Moordown.

Winton gave its name to Winton, Queensland.

Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole
Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole (BCP) is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Dorset, England. It was created in 2019 and covers much of the area of the South East Dorset conurbation, including the towns of Bournemouth, Poole and Christchurch.
Jenny Hocking
Jennifer Jane Hocking AM FASSA is an Australian historian, political scientist and biographer. She is the inaugural Distinguished Whitlam Fellow with the Whitlam Institute at Western Sydney University, Emeritus Professor at Monash University, and former Director of the National Centre for Australian Studies at Monash University. Her work is in two key areas, counter-terrorism and Australian political biography. In both areas she explores Australian democratic practice, the relationship between the arms of government, and aspects of Australian political history. Her research into the life of former Australian prime minister Gough Whitlam uncovered significant new material on the role of High Court justice Sir Anthony Mason in the dismissal of the Whitlam government. This has been described as "a discovery of historical importance". Since 2001 Hocking has been a member of the Board of Trustees of the Lionel Murphy Foundation.

Australian Left Review
Australian Left Review was a monthly journal of the Communist Party of Australia (CPA) from 1966 to 1993. It was one of a number of left political journals founded in Australia in the post-war years, including Overland and Arena (first series).
Zieria graniticola
Zieria graniticola is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is a dense, compact shrub with erect wiry branches, three-part leaves and pale pink flowers in groups of up to three, each with four petals and four stamens. It is only known from two population near Stanthorpe in Queensland, Australia.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Acacia steedmanii
Acacia steedmanii is a shrub or tree of the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae. It is native to an area in the  Wheatbelt, Pilbara and Goldfields regions of Western Australia.

The shrub or tree typically grows to a height of 1 to 4 metres (3 to 13 ft). It blooms from August to September and produces yellow flowers.

There are two recognised subspecies:

Acacia steedmanii subsp. borealis

Acacia steedmanii subsp. steedmanii

Pilbara
The Pilbara (/ˈpɪlbərə/) is a large, dry, sparsely populated region in the north of Western Australia. It is known for its Aboriginal people, its geography, its red earth, and its vast mineral deposits, in particular iron ore. It is also a global biodiversity hotspot for subterranean fauna.
Rhinow
Rhinow (German: [ˈʁiːnoː] ⓘ) is a town in the Havelland district (Landkreis), in Brandenburg, Germany. It is situated 16 km north of Rathenow, and 22 km south of Kyritz. Rhinow is the administrative seat (Verwaltungssitz) of the Rhinow district (Amt).

Havelland (district)
Havelland (German pronunciation: [ˈhaːfəlˌlant]) is a district or county in Brandenburg, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Ostprignitz-Ruppin and Oberhavel, the city-state of Berlin, the district of Potsdam-Mittelmark, the city of Brandenburg and the state of Saxony-Anhalt (districts of Jerichower Land and Stendal).
Kishapu Solar Power Station
The Kishapu Solar Power Station is a proposed 50 MW (67,000 hp) solar power plant in Tanzania. The power station is under development by Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO), the national electricity monopoly utility company. The energy will be integrated into the national grid, also operated by TANESCO. The solar farm will be developed in phases to capacity of 150 megawatts. When completed and commissioned, it will be the largest, grid-ready solar power station in the country.

TANESCO
The Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO) is a Tanzanian parastatal organisation established in 1964. It is wholly owned by the government of Tanzania. The Ministry of Energy and Minerals regulates the operations of TANESCO.

Its business include: electricity generation, electricity transmission, electricity distribution and sale of electricity to the Tanzanian mainland and bulk power supply to the island of Zanzibar.

The company has a workforce of 7,300 persons. Its main offices are located in Ubungo west of Dar es Salaam central business district and it operates regional offices throughout Tanzania.
Tassousfi
Tassousfi is a small town and rural commune in Taroudant Province of the Souss-Massa-Drâa region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 7308 people living in 1207 households.

Taroudant Province
Taroudant (Arabic: تارودانت) is a province in the Moroccan region of Souss-Massa. Its population in 2024 is 857,673.

The major cities and towns are:

Ait Iaaza

Aoulouz

El Guerdane

Irherm

Oulad Berhil

Oulad Teima

Taliouine

Taroudant
John J. York
John Joseph Robert York (born December 10, 1958) is an American actor. Although he has made appearances on such television shows as Dynasty, Family Ties, and 21 Jump Street, he is most recognizable for playing the role of Malcolm "Mac" Scorpio on the daytime soap opera General Hospital.

Family Ties
Family Ties is an American television sitcom that aired on NBC for seven seasons, premiering on September 22, 1982, and concluding on May 14, 1989. The series, created by Gary David Goldberg, reflected the social shift in the United States from the cultural liberalism of the 1960s and 1970s to the conservatism of the 1980s. Because of this, Young Republican Alex P. Keaton (portrayed by Michael J. Fox) develops generational strife with his ex-hippie parents, Steven and Elyse Keaton (portrayed by Michael Gross and Meredith Baxter).

The show premiered on September 22, 1982, and for the first two seasons, aired on Wednesday nights. In the show's third season, it aired on Thursday nights. In 1987, for its sixth season, it was moved to Sunday nights where it stayed until the series' seventh and final season on May 14, 1989.

The show won multiple awards, including three consecutive Emmy Awards for Michael J. Fox as Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series.
Kalhu Dasht-e Pain
Kalhu Dasht-e Pain (Persian: كلهودشت پائين, also Romanized as Kalhū Dasht-e Pā’īn) is a village in Feyziyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 342, in 93 families.

Babol County
Babol County(Persian: شهرستان بابل) is the most populous county in Mazandaran province and the second most populous county in northern Iran. The capital of the county is the city of Babol. Babol County consists of six districts, seven cities, and nearly 700 villages.

The elevation of the city of Babol is 2 meters below sea level, making it the "lowest" city in Mazandaran province. The elevation in the county, from the north to 10 kilometers south, is below sea level. The city of Babol is divided into two urban areas. The population of Babol in 2016 was 250,217, and that of Babol County 531,930.
Maxie Zeus
Maximilian "Maxie" Zeus is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, primarily as a minor enemy of Batman. He is depicted as a mentally ill former history professor who is obsessed with Greek mythology and believes himself to be the god Zeus, becoming a crime lord in Gotham City.

Zeus (DC Comics)
Zeus is a fictional deity, father of Wonder Woman, and the king of Olympian Gods in DC Comics universe. An interpretation of Zeus from Greek mythology. His appearances are most significant in the stories of Wonder Woman. With the 2011 relaunch of DC Comics dubbed The New 52, Zeus has received a prominent role in the Wonder Woman mythos, as he is now the biological father of Wonder Woman through Hippolyta.
Pambasso
Pambasso is a village in eastern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Transua, Transua Department, Gontougo Region, Zanzan District.

Until 2012, Pambasso was in the commune of Pambasso-Diédou. In March 2012, Pambasso-Diédou became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Zanzan District
Zanzan District (French: District du Zanzan, [zɑ̃.zɑ̃]) is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the northeast of the country. The capital of the district is Bondoukou.
People's Movement Against Immigration
The People's Movement Against Immigration (Norwegian: Folkebevegelsen mot innvandring, FMI) is an organisation that works against immigration, based in Norway. The organisation was founded in 1987, and was initially led by Arne Myrdal who was later squeezed out due to his escalating and uncontrollable violent activism. The FMI sees itself as a nonpartisan interest organisation that works to "stop the foreign cultural mass immigration to Norway." According to their own political program, they seek to inform the public, political parties and politicians about the consequences of the mass immigration. The FMI were especially active in the late 1980s and early 1990s, gaining support of the national EU-resistance,  but later, its activities and membership has been limited.

Nonpartisanship
Nonpartisanship, also known as nonpartisanism, is a lack of affiliation with a political party and a lack of political bias.

While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of partisan includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of "partisan".
Su Rifeng
Su Rifeng (Chinese: 苏日峰; pinyin: Sū Rìfēng, born 10 July 1978) is a Chinese professional field hockey player who represented China at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. The team finished last in their group, and finished 11th after beating South Africa.

South Africa at the 2008 Summer Olympics
South Africa competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, People's Republic of China. The team included 136 athletes, as of 10 July 2008.
South Africa had its worst medals performance at an Olympics since 1994 (winter games), and tied its performance in the 1936 Games.
2020 Open Sud de France
The 2020 Open Sud de France was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 33rd edition of the event, and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2020 ATP Tour. It took place at the Arena Montpellier in Montpellier, France, from 3 February until 9 February 2020. Gaël Monfils won the singles title.

2020 ATP Tour
The 2020 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2020 tennis season. The 2020 ATP Tour calendar was composed of the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Finals, the ATP Masters 1000, the ATP Cup, the ATP 500 series, the ATP 250 series, and the Davis Cup (organised by the ITF). Also included in the 2020 calendar were the tennis events at the Next Generation ATP Finals, and the Laver Cup, neither of which distributed ranking points.
Year disrupted by COVID-19 pandemic, thus making the season pandemic-shortened. Several tournaments were suspended or postponed due to this, including the Summer Olympics in Tokyo. On 17 June 2020, ATP issued the revised calendar for Tour resumption.
Wilbur H. Haines
Wilbur Hamilton Haines (January 23, 1883 – March 3, 1966) was an American urologist and college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Haverford College in 1908.

Haines was later an associate professor of urology at University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine—now known as Perelman School of Medicine. He was affiliated with St. Joseph's Hospital, St. Mary's Hospital, and St. Agnes Hospital in the Philadelphia area. He died on March 3, 1966, at his home in Merion, Pennsylvania.

St. Mary Medical Center (Langhorne)
St. Mary Medical Center is a non-profit hospital located in Langhorne, Pennsylvania. The hospital has a Level II Trauma Center and employs over 700 physicians and 1,100 volunteers.

The hospital focuses on non-invasive treatments, adult and pediatric emergency services, rehabilitation and health and wellness programs. St. Mary Medical Center merged with Catholic Health East in 2013 and is currently a part of Trinity Health.
Glen Keane
Glen Keane is an American animator, director, author and illustrator. As a character animator at Walt Disney Animation Studios for 38 years (1974–2012), he worked on feature films including The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, Pocahontas, Tarzan and Tangled. He received the 1992 Annie Award for character animation and the 2007 Winsor McCay Award for lifetime contribution to the field of animation. He was named a Disney Legend in 2013, a year after retiring from the studio.

In 2017, Keane directed Dear Basketball, an animated short film based on Kobe Bryant's retirement poem in The Players' Tribune, for which Keane and Bryant received the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film at the 90th Academy Awards.

Winsor McCay Award
The Winsor McCay Award is given to individuals in recognition of lifetime or career contributions to the art of animation in producing, directing, animating, design, writing, voice acting, sound and sound effects, technical work, music, professional teaching, and for other endeavors which exhibit outstanding contributions to excellence in animation.
Yavuz İlnam
Yavuz İlnam (born 23 July 1987) is a Turkish trap shooter. He is a member of Istanbul Hunting and Shooting Club.

İlnamı won the bronze medal in the men's trap, and the gold medal in the men's team trap event at the 2015 Summer Universiade in Gwangju, South Korea.

He earned a quota spot for the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Trap shooting
Trap shooting is one of the three major disciplines of competitive clay pigeon shooting. The other disciplines are skeet shooting and sporting clays.

Trap shooting is distinguished by the targets being launched from a single "house" or machine, generally away from the shooter, compared with skeet shooting where targets are launched from two "houses" crossing in front of the shooter. Sporting clays involve a more complex course, with many launch points.
Big Ideas (TV series)
Big Ideas was a Canadian television series produced and broadcast by TVOntario, on the air since 2001. The program showcases public intellectual culture. It was conceived and produced by Wodek Szemberg. The show presented public lectures by acclaimed university educators and other distinguished guests.  The original host, Irshad Manji, was succeeded by Canadian actor/director/playwright Andrew Moodie on January 7, 2006. In September 2011, Piya Chattopadhyay took over as host.

In 2007, Big Ideas held its Best Lecturer competition for the second time. Michael Persinger, from Laurentian University, received the award.

Podcasts of the lectures are available through the Big Ideas website as well as from iTunes.

Big Ideas is also the name of an unrelated PBS series that originally aired in 2003, as well as of a radio series on Australian Broadcasting Corporation's Radio National.

The show ended in spring 2013 as a result of budget cuts at TVO.

Laurentian University
Laurentian University (French: Université Laurentienne), officially Laurentian University of Sudbury, is a mid-sized bilingual public university in Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, incorporated on March 28, 1960. Laurentian offers a variety of undergraduate, graduate-level, and doctorate degrees. Laurentian is the largest bilingual provider of distance education in Canada. The university was formerly federated with Thorneloe University, Huntington University, and the University of Sudbury.  Laurentian severed the federation during 2021 insolvency proceedings, ending 60-year relationships, and triggering lawsuits.