hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dezarie
Dezarie is a female roots reggae singer born in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. She received Atlanta's "Best New Female Reggae Artist" award in 2001 before returning to St. Croix.

She works closely with Midnite. She currently has five albums available. They are entitled Fya (I Grade Records), Gracious Mama Africa, Eaze The Pain, The Fourth Book and her most recent is entitled "Love in Your Meditation".

In 2002 she collaborated with Bambu Station on Talking Roots volume 1 album on song Woe.

Roots reggae
Roots reggae is a subgenre of reggae that deals with the everyday lives and aspirations of Africans and those in the African Diaspora, including the spiritual side of Rastafari, black liberation,  revolution and the honouring of God, called Jah by Rastafarians. It is identified with the life of the ghetto sufferer, and the rural poor. Lyrical themes include spirituality and religion, struggles by artists, poverty, black pride, social issues, resistance to fascism, capitalism, corrupt government and racial oppression. A spiritual repatriation to Africa is a common theme in roots reggae.
Hamilton Lanphere Smith
Hamilton Lanphere Smith (November 5, 1819 – 1903) was an American scientist, photographer, and astronomer.

He was born in New London, Connecticut and graduated from Yale in 1839, where he constructed the largest telescope in the country at the time in 1838.

In 1848 Smith wrote The World, one of the first science textbooks written in America. Smith is best known for patenting the tintype photographic process, which popularized photography in America. He patented the great American tintype on February 19, 1856.

Between 1853 and 1868 he was Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy at Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio, and later taught at Hobart College in New York. He also created a system for describing microscopic algae that is still in use today. He published the exsiccata-like series Diatomacearum species typicae with glass-slides distributed

Hobart and William Smith Colleges
Hobart and William Smith Colleges is a private liberal arts college in Geneva, New York. It traces its origins to Geneva Academy established in 1797. Students can choose from over 70 areas of study with degrees in Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, Master of Arts in Teaching, Master of Science in Management, and Master of Arts in Higher Education Leadership.

HWS also offers joint-degree programs in engineering with Dartmouth College or Columbia University, and in law with Cornell Law School.

The president is Mark D. Gearan, former director of the Harvard Kennedy School Institute of Politics. From 1995 to 1999, he served as the director of the Peace Corps.
Galliano (surname)
Galliano is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cecilia Galliano (born 1978), Argentine actress, model, and TV presenter

Giuseppe Galliano (1846–1896), Italian army officer

John Galliano (born 1960), British fashion designer

Richard Galliano (born 1950), French accordion player

Giuseppe Galliano
Giuseppe Galliano (Vicoforte, 27 September 1846 – Adwa, 1 March 1896) was an officer of the Royal Italian Army, mostly known for his role during the First Italo-Ethiopian War. He perished in the Battle of Adwa and was posthumously awarded the Gold Medal of Military Valour.
Dennis Cometti
Dennis John Cometti AM  (born 26 March 1949) is an Australian retired sports commentator, player and coach of Australian rules football. In a career spanning 51 years, his smooth voice, dry humour and quick wit became his trademark. Until his retirement, he remained the only television broadcaster to have spanned the entire duration of the AFL national competition, serving the Seven Network, Nine Network and Broadcom. He was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in the 2019 Australia Day Honours.

Cometti retired as a sports commentator, with his last game being the 2021 AFL Grand Final, which was called for Triple M in Perth on 25 September 2021.

West Australian Football Hall of Fame
The West Australian Football Hall of Fame was created in 2002 to recognise significant contributors to Australian rules football in Western Australia. Candidates are players, coaches, umpires, administrators and media representatives.

The inductees are chosen under guidelines established by the West Australian Football Commission, and a Hall of Fame Selection Committee established in 2003. The first induction into the Hall of Fame took place on 21 March 2004.
Wittgenstein: Opening Investigations
Wittgenstein: Opening Investigations is a book by British philosopher Michael Luntley, published in 2015 by Wiley-Blackwell. The book provides a reading and reframing of Ludwig Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations. The book received reviews from journals including Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews, Philosophy, and The Philosophical Quarterly, along with being widely cited in its field.

Philosophical Investigations
Philosophical Investigations (German: Philosophische Untersuchungen) is a work by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, published posthumously in 1953.

Philosophical Investigations is divided into two parts, consisting of what Wittgenstein calls, in the preface, Bemerkungen, translated by G. E. M. Anscombe as "remarks".

A survey among American university and college teachers ranked the Investigations as the most important book of 20th-century philosophy.
Maskal, Chitradurga
Maskal is a village in Hiriyur taluk in the Chitradurga district of Karnataka state, India. It belongs to the Bangalore Division. It is located 48 km towards the East from the district capital Chitradurga.

Bangalore division
Bangalore Division, officially Bengaluru division, is one of the four divisions of the Indian state Karnataka. The division comprises the districts of Bengaluru Urban, Bengaluru South, Bengaluru North, Chikkaballapur, Chitradurga, Davanagere, Kolar, Shimoga, and Tumakuru.The total area of the division is 49,936 km2. The total population as of 2011 census is 22,523,301, making it the world's fifth most populous sub-division.
Kabeya-Kamwanga
Kabeya-Kamwanga is a town of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and is the administrative center of Kabeya-Kamwanga territory of Kasaï-Oriental province. As of 2012, it had an estimated population of 31,408.

Kasaï-Oriental
Kasaï-Oriental (French for "East Kasai") is one of the 21 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning. Kasaï-Oriental, Lomami, and Sankuru provinces are the result of the dismemberment of the former Kasaï-Oriental province.  Kasaï-Oriental was formed from the Tshilenge district and the independently administered city of Mbuji-Mayi which retained its status as a provincial capital.

The new province's territory corresponds to most of the historic Sud-Kasaï province which existed in the early period after independence between 1963 and 1966.
Carver Creek (Missouri)
Carver Creek is a stream in Iron County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary to Big Creek which it enters just north of the community of Sabula. The headwaters arise just south of the Taum Sauk Mountain State Park.

Carver Creek has the name of the local Carver family.

Iron County, Missouri
Iron County is a county located in the Lead Belt region in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,537. The largest city and county seat is Ironton. Iron County was officially organized on February 17, 1857, and was named after the abundance of iron ore found within its borders.

Iron County includes the 6-mile (9.7 km)-long, 2-mile (3.2 km)-wide Arcadia Valley, the site of Pilot Knob, Ironton, and Arcadia, communities established by immigrants in the 19th Century. The valley is surrounded by the Saint Francois Mountains of the Ozarks Plateau. Iron County is also home to dozens of mountains, including the 1,772-foot (540 m) Taum Sauk Mountain, the highest point in Missouri.

The county is home to a number of state parks and historical sites including Taum Sauk Mountain State Park, Elephant Rocks State Park and Fort Davidson State Historic Site as well as 96,047 acres (390 km2) of Mark Twain National Forest.
Plasma gelsolin
Plasma gelsolin (pGSN) is an 83 kDa abundant protein constituent of normal plasma and an important component of the innate immune system. The identification of pGSN in Drosophila melanogaster and C. elegans points to an ancient origin early in evolution. Its extraordinary structural conservation reflects its critical regulatory role in multiple essential functions. Its roles include the breakdown of filamentous actin released from dead cells, activation of macrophages, and localization of the inflammatory response. Substantial decreases in plasma levels are observed in acute and chronic infection and injury in both animal models and in humans. Supplementation therapies with recombinant human pGSN have been shown effective in more than 20 animal models.

pGSN has a cytoplasmic isoform (cGSN) known to be an actin-binding protein controlling cytoskeletal dynamics. cGSN is expressed from the same gene, and is identical to pGSN except for its lack of a 24 amino acid N-terminal extension.

Lipoteichoic acid
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a major constituent of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria.  These organisms have an inner (or cytoplasmic) membrane and, external to it, a thick (up to 80 nanometer) peptidoglycan layer. The structure of LTA varies between the different species of gram-positive bacteria and may contain long chains of ribitol or glycerol phosphate.  LTA is anchored to the cell membrane via a diacylglycerol. It acts as  regulator of autolytic wall enzymes (muramidases). It has antigenic properties being able to stimulate specific immune response.

LTA may bind to target cells non-specifically through membrane phospholipids, or specifically to CD14 and to Toll-like receptors.  Binding to TLR-2 has shown to induce NF-κB expression(a central transcription factor), elevating expression of both pro- and anti-apoptotic genes. Its activation also induces mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) activation along with phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation.
Karl August Klüpfel
Karl August Klüpfel (8 April 1810, in Darmsheim – 11 April 1894, in Tübingen) was a German historian and librarian. He was a son-in-law of writer Gustav Schwab.

Beginning in 1828, he studied philosophy and theology at the University of Tübingen. In 1841 he began work as second librarian at the Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, where from 1863 to 1881, he served as first librarian.

Sindelfingen
Sindelfingen (German pronunciation: [ˈzɪndl̩ˌfɪŋən] ⓘ; Swabian: Sendlfenga) is a city in Baden-Württemberg in south Germany. It lies near Stuttgart at the headwaters of the Schwippe (a tributary of the river Würm), and is home to a Mercedes-Benz assembly plant. The current mayor of the city of Sindelfingen is Dr. Bernd Vöhringer.
Harpea's Cave
Harpea's Cave (from the Basque "the place under the rock") is a cave located in Estérençuby, in the Navarre commune, a few meters from the Franco-Spanish border.

It is an example of an anticline, a convex fold of strata, the centre of which is occupied by the oldest geological layers.

Estérençuby
Estérençuby (French pronunciation: [ɛsteʁɛ̃sybi]; Basque: Ezterenzubi) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It means "bridge of the gorge".

It is located in the former province of Lower Navarre.
Jardin botanique de Marnay-sur-Seine
The Jardin botanique de Marnay-sur-Seine (2 hectares) is a botanical garden located on the Chemin des Gougins, Marnay-sur-Seine, Aube, Champagne-Ardenne, France. It is open daily in the warmer months; an admission fee is charged.

The garden was founded in 1995, construction started in 1998, in 2000 the garden opened to the public, and in 2002 it was designated a Jardin Botanique de France. Its conservatory of local flora opened in 2003, and in 2007 it published an Index Seminum.

Today the garden contains about 2500 plants organized in a rose garden, vegetable garden, herb and medicinal plant collections, a trail illustrating evolution, shade and ornamental gardens, and collections of local and Russian plants.

Aube
Aube (French pronunciation: [ob] ⓘ ohb) is a French department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France. As with sixty departments in France, this department is named after a river: the Aube. With 310,242 inhabitants (2019), Aube is the 74th department in terms of population. The inhabitants of the department are known as Aubois or Auboises.

The department was constituted by a decree of the National Assembly of 15 January 1790.
Wakamiya Ōji
Wakamiya Ōji (若宮大路) is a 1.8 km street in Kamakura, a city in Kanagawa Prefecture in Japan, unusual because it is at the same time the city's main avenue and the approach (sandō (参道)) of its largest Shinto shrine, Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū. Over the centuries, Wakamiya Ōji has gone thorough an extreme change. A heavily trafficked road today, it used to be, to the contrary, off limits to most people as a sacred space. At the time of the Kamakura shogunate it was an essential part of the city's religious life, and as such it hosted many ceremonies and was rich with symbolism. Since its construction, Wakamiya Ōji has been the backbone of the city's street planning and the center of its cultural life. The street has been declared a Historic Site and was chosen as one of the best 100 streets in Japan.

Tokugawa Ietsuna
Tokugawa Ietsuna (徳川 家綱; 7 September 1641 – 4 June 1680) was the fourth shōgun of the Tokugawa dynasty of Japan who was in office from 1651 to 1680. He is considered the eldest son of Tokugawa Iemitsu, which makes him the grandson of Tokugawa Hidetada and the great-grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Phephna
Phephna, also spelled as Fefana, is a large village in the Ballia district of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. This village is situated at about 10 kilometers from District headquarters Ballia.

Phephna is well connected to other towns of the district and Phephna Junction provides rail connectivity.

Ballia district
Ballia district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. Ballia district is a part of Azamgarh division situated in the east of Uttar Pradesh. The main economic activity is agriculture. City is the district headquarters and commercial market of this district. It is the birthplace of former prime minister of India Chandra Shekhar
There are six tehsils in this district: Ballia, Bansdih, Rasra, Bairia, Sikandarpur and Belthara. Rasra is the second major commercial area of the district, having a government sugar mill and a cotton weaving industry. Though Ballia's core occupation is agriculture there are some additional small industries. Maniar is known for its bindi industry and is a major supplier.
Chiseldon
Chiseldon is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Swindon, Wiltshire, England. The village lies on the edge of the Marlborough Downs, a mile south of junction 15 of the M4 motorway, on the A346 between Swindon and Marlborough. The large village of Wroughton is 2.5 miles (4 km) to the west. The parish includes the hamlets of Badbury, Badbury Wick, Draycot Foliat, Hodson, and Ridgeway View; the ancient manor of Burderop is also within the parish.

North Wessex Downs
The North Wessex Downs are an area of chalk downland landscapes, largely turfed by grassland, located in the southern English counties of Berkshire, Hampshire, Oxfordshire and Wiltshire. The North Wessex Downs has been designated as a National Landscape (formerly known as Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty or AONB) since 1972.

The North Wessex Downs is a modern name coined with the creation of the AONB to encompass the area of chalk and limestone hills better known by various overlapping local names, including the Berkshire Downs, the North Hampshire Downs, the White Horse Hills, the Lambourn Downs, the Marlborough Downs, the Vale of Pewsey and Savernake Forest.
Martin Minařík
Martin Minařík (27 November 1967 – April 2009) was a Czech mountaineer. He started climbing at the age of 16 in Hostýnské vrchy and later at the Tatra Mountains. In 1999 he climbed his first eight-thousander Manaslu. Later he climbed six more: Kangchenjunga (2002), Broad Peak (2003), Shishapangma (2004), Cho Oyu (2005), Lhotse (2007) and Dhaulagiri (2008). He died during a descent of Annapurna with Élisabeth Revol.

Shishapangma
Shishapangma, or Shishasbangma or Xixiabangma (Chinese: 希夏邦马; pinyin: Xī xià bāng mǎ), is the 14th-highest mountain in the world, at 8,027 metres (26,335 ft) above sea level. The lowest 8,000 metre peak, it is located entirely within Tibet.
Sailing wear
Sailing wear is a type of clothing for sailing. It protects the sailor from water and insulates the body on board a vessel.

There are different types in use, the most premier sailing wear is the offshore set used for the open seas. Usually offshore sailing wear consists of special shoes or Wellington boots, a pant with suspenders, a jacket with a high collar, and other increasingly technical layers worn underneath this outerwear. In addition, specially designed gloves made with synthetic leathers are worn for protection and to increase holding power on sheets.

Suspenders
Suspenders (North American English), or braces (British English, New Zealand English, Australian English) are fabric or leather straps worn over the shoulders to hold up skirts or trousers. The straps may be elasticated, either entirely or only at attachment ends, and most straps are of woven cloth forming an X or Y shape at the back. Suspenders are typically attached to skirts and trousers with clips or buttons using leather tabs at the ends.

In British English, a suspender belt, or suspenders for short, is a garment used to hold up stockings. This is called a garter belt in American English.
Church of St John of Beverley, Scarrington
52°58′00″N 00°54′25″W﻿ / ﻿52.96667°N 0.90694°W﻿ / 52.96667; -0.90694

Christianity portal

The Church of St John of Beverley is a 13th-century parish church of the Church of England, in the village of Scarrington, Nottinghamshire. It has been Grade I listed by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport.

Department for Culture, Media and Sport
The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It holds the responsibility for culture and sport, and some aspects of the media throughout the UK, such as broadcasting. Its main offices are at 100 Parliament Street, occupying part of the building known as Government Offices Great George Street.

It also has responsibility for the tourism, leisure and creative industries (some jointly with the Department for Business and Trade). The department was also responsible for the delivery of the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games.

From 2017 to 2023, the department had responsibility for the building of a digital economy and was known as the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The responsibilities for digital policy were transferred to the newly created Department for Science, Innovation and Technology in the February 2023 cabinet reshuffle.
Lariat chain
A lariat chain is a loop of chain that hangs off, and is spun by a wheel. It is often used as a science exhibit or a toy.

The original lariat chain was created in 1986 by Norman Tuck, as an artist-in-residence project at the Exploratorium in San Francisco.

The lariat chain was developed from an earlier Tuck piece entitled Chain Reaction (1984). Chain Reaction was hand cranked, and utilized a heavy chain attached by magnets onto an iron flywheel. As in the lariat chain, Chain Reaction used a brush to disrupt the motion of the traveling chain.

The speed of the chain is arranged to equal the wave speed of transverse waves, so that waves moving against the motion of the chain appear to be standing still.

Exploratorium
The Exploratorium is a museum of science, technology, and arts in San Francisco, California. Founded by physicist and educator Frank Oppenheimer in 1969, the museum was originally located in the Palace of Fine Arts and was relocated in 2013 to Piers 15 and 17 on San Francisco's waterfront.

The museum has over 1,000 participatory exhibits and is divided into several galleries, mainly separated by content. Since its inception, the Exploratorium has expanded into other domains and has inspired an international network of participatory museums.
Jay Kleven
Jay Allen Kleven (December 2, 1949  – June 30, 2009) was a Major League Baseball player in 1976 for the New York Mets. He played in 2 games as a catcher that year due to injuries to starting catcher Jerry Grote and second-string catcher Ron Hodges.  Kleven singled in his next to final at bat as a major leaguer, going one for five for his career.  This lone hit of his career drove in two runs against future Hall-of Famer Bruce Sutter.

Kleven attended California State University, East Bay in Hayward, California, where he played baseball from 1967–1971.  He was named to the All Far Western First Team twice and is listed in the CSUEB Intercollegiate Athletics Hall of Fame.

Hayward, California
Hayward is a city in Alameda County, California, United States, in the East Bay subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area. With a population of 162,954 as of 2020, Hayward is the sixth largest city in the Bay Area, and the third largest in Alameda County. Hayward was ranked as the 36th most populous municipality in California. It is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–San Jose Metropolitan Statistical Area by the US Census. It is located primarily between Castro Valley, San Leandro and Union City, and lies at the eastern terminus of the San Mateo–Hayward Bridge.
3rd Battalion, 9th Marines
The 3rd Battalion, 9th Marines (3/9) is an infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps.  Formed during World War I it served until the early 1990s when it was redesignated as 3rd Battalion, 4th Marines (3/4) during a realignment and renumbering of the Marine Corps' infantry battalions, following the deactivation of the 9th Marine Regiment.  The 3rd Battalion, 9th Marines was initially a subordinate unit of the 9th Marine Regiment, 3rd Marine Division, but was later operationally transferred to the 1st Marine Division as a subordinate unit of the 7th Marine Regiment where it remained until its redesignation as 3/4.

3/9 was reactivated under the 2nd Marine Division in May 2008 as the Marines expanded as a result of the continuing war on terror.

2nd Marine Division
The 2nd Marine Division (2nd MARDIV) is a division of the United States Marine Corps, which forms the ground combat element of the II Marine Expeditionary Force (II MEF). The division is based at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina and headquartered at Julian C. Smith Hall.

The 2nd Marine Division earned renown in World War II, distinguishing itself at Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Saipan, Tinian, and Okinawa.
The Count of Luxemburg (1972 film)
The Count of Luxemburg (German: Der Graf von Luxemburg) is a 1972 German musical comedy film directed by Wolfgang Glück and starring Eberhard Wächter, Lilian Sukis and Erich Kunz. It is an adaptation of the operetta Der Graf von Luxemburg by Franz Lehár.

Eberhard Waechter
Eberhard Freiherr von Waechter (9 July 1929 – 29 March 1992) was an Austrian lyric baritone (categorized as a Kavalierbariton in the German Vocal Fach System), celebrated for his performances in the operas of Mozart, Richard Wagner and Richard Strauss. After retiring from singing, he became intendant of the Vienna Volksoper and the Vienna State Opera.
Samvel Mnatsyan
Samvel Mnatsyan (5 March 1990 – 6 October 2019) was a Russian professional ice hockey defenceman. Throughout his career, he competed in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL), playing for teams such as Barys Astana, HC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk, and Admiral Vladivostok.

Avangard Omsk
Hockey Club Avangard (Russian: ХК Авангард, Vanguard), also known as Avangard Omsk, is a professional ice hockey club based in Omsk, Russia. It is a member of the Chernyshev Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).