hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ali ibn Isa al-Asturlabi
ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā al-Asṭurlābī (Arabic: علي بن عيسى, fl. 832) was a 9th century Arab geographer and astronomer. He wrote a treatise on the astrolabe and was an opponent of astrology. During the reign of al-Ma'mun, and together with Khālid ibn ʿAbd al-Malik al-Marwarrūdhī, he participated in an expedition to the Plain of Sinjar to measure the length of a degree. Differing reports state that they obtained a result of 56 miles (90 km), 56 and two-thirds, or 56 and one-quarter miles per degree.

Geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world
Medieval Islamic geography and cartography were the study of geography and cartography in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age (variously dated between the 8th century and 16th century). Muslim scholars made advances to the map-making traditions of earlier cultures, explorers and merchants learned in their travels across the Old World (Afro-Eurasia). Islamic geography had three major fields: exploration and navigation, physical geography, and cartography and mathematical geography. Islamic geography reached its apex with Muhammad al-Idrisi in the 12th century.
Café Bossa
Café Bossa is the debut album by Filipino bossa nova singer Sitti. It was released in the Philippines on January 25, 2006 by Warner Music Philippines. The album spawned four successful singles—"Tattooed on My Mind", "Hey Look at the Sun", "I Didn't Know I Was Looking for Love" and "Para sa Akin". The album was certified double platinum by the Philippine Association of the Record Industry (PARI) on September 17, 2006, denoting over 60,000 units sold in the country.

A limited edition of the album was released in February 2007, containing a bonus video CD and a different cover. The video CD includes her official music videos from the album and her MTV Philippines' Sessions Live performance. It was also released on digital download through iTunes and Amazon.com.

Philippine Association of the Record Industry
The Philippine Association of the Record Industry (Filipino: Kapisanan ng Industriya ng Plaka ng Pilipinas, abbreviated as PARI) is a non-profit and private trade organization, that represents the recording industry distributors in the Philippines.

The PARI was formed on February 10, 1972, and today is composed of 14 corporate members and 13 associate members. Since then, the association had worked with the Congress on drafting music copyright laws and had helped conduct raids on music pirates with the National Bureau of Investigation, Philippine National Police, Criminal Investigation and Detection Group and Optical Media Board.

It is also responsible for awarding music recording certifications in the Philippines. Annually, PARI organizes different music events such as the Awit Awards.
1983 Walker Cup
The 1983 Walker Cup, the 29th Walker Cup Match, was played on 25 and 26 May 1983, at Royal Liverpool Golf Club, Hoylake, England. The event was won by the United States 13½ to 10½.

The match was level after the second day foursomes. In the final round of 8 singles, Great Britain and Ireland had just two wins, by Philip Walton and Andrew Oldcorn, both of whom had also won their singles on the first day. The United States won 5 of the singles matches and halved the other to win the Walker Cup for the sixth successive time.

Hoylake
Hoylake (/hɔɪˈleɪk/) is a seaside town in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside, England. It is at the north west of the Wirral Peninsula, near West Kirby and where the River Dee meets the Irish Sea. At the 2021 census, the built up area had a population of 5,315.

In the nineteenth century, the town grew up around the small fishing village of Hoose (lit. 'hollows'), a settlement that was recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 within the Hundred of 'Wilaveston' (historically part of Cheshire). The town takes its name from 'Hoyle Lake', a nearby channel of water out towards Hilbre Island that provided a safe anchorage for shipping.
Pre-Tridentine Mass
Pre-Tridentine Mass refers to the evolving and regional forms of the Catholic Mass in the West from antiquity to 1570.  The basic structure solidified early and has been preserved, as well as important prayers such as the Roman Canon.

Following the Council of Trent's desire for standardization, Pope Pius V, with his bull Quo primum, made the Roman Missal obligatory throughout the Latin Church, except for those places and congregations whose distinct rites could demonstrate an antiquity of two hundred years or more.

In the 1500s, the Pre-Tridentine Roman Rite became the basis for the Evangelical-Lutheran Rite of the Mass.

Pope Victor I
Pope Victor I (died 199) was a Roman African prelate of the  Catholic Church who served as the Bishop of Rome in the late second century. The dates of his tenure are uncertain, but one source states he became pope in 189 and gives the year of his death as 199. He was born in the Roman Province of Africa. He was later considered a saint. His feast day is celebrated on 28 July as "St Victor I, Pope and Martyr". He was of Berber origin.
1904 Wisconsin Badgers football team
The 1904 Wisconsin Badgers football team represented the University of Wisconsin in the 1904 Western Conference football season. Led by Arthur Hale Curtis in his second and final season as head coach, the Badgers compiled an overall record of 5–3 with a mark of 0–3 in conference play, tying for seventh place in the Western Conference. The team's captain was James Bush.

1904 Western Conference football season
The 1904 Western Conference football season was the ninth season of college football played by the member schools of the Western Conference (later known as the Big Ten Conference) and was a part of the 1904 college football season.
Flight of the Intruder
Flight of the Intruder is a 1991 war film directed by John Milius, and starring Danny Glover, Willem Dafoe, and Brad Johnson. It is based on the novel of the same name by  Stephen Coonts, based on his experience as an A6 Intruder pilot during the Vietnam War. The film received negative reviews upon release, and was Milius's final theatrical release as a director.

Rosanna Arquette
Rosanna Lisa Arquette (/roʊˈzɑːnə ɑːrˈkɛt/ roh-ZAH-nə ar-KET; born August 10, 1959) is an American actress. She was nominated for an Emmy Award for her performance in the television film The Executioner's Song (1982) and won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for the film Desperately Seeking Susan (1985). Her other notable film credits include Baby It's You (1983), After Hours (1985), The Big Blue (1988), Nowhere to Run (1993), Pulp Fiction (1994), Crash (1996), The Whole Nine Yards (2000), and Joe Dirt (2001 film). She also directed the documentary Searching for Debra Winger (2002).
Cache placement policies
Cache placement policies are policies that determine where a particular memory block can be placed when it goes into a CPU cache. A block of memory cannot necessarily be placed at an arbitrary location in the cache; it may be restricted to a particular cache line or a set of cache lines by the cache's placement policy.

There are three different policies available for placement of a memory block in the cache: direct-mapped, fully associative, and set-associative.   Originally this space of cache organizations was described using the term "congruence mapping".

Computer data storage
Computer data storage or digital data storage is the retention of digital data via technology consisting of computer components and recording media. Digital data storage is a core function and fundamental component of computers.: 15–16

Generally, the faster and volatile storage components are referred to as "memory", while slower persistent components are referred to as "storage". This distinction was extended in the Von Neumann architecture, where the central processing unit (CPU) consists of two main parts: The control unit and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The former controls the flow of data between the CPU and memory, while the latter performs arithmetic and logical operations on data. In practice, almost all computers use a memory hierarchy,: 468–473  which puts memory close to the CPU and storage further away.

In modern computers, hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs) are usually used as storage.
Callos a la Madrileña
Callos a la Madrileña is a stewed tripe dish, cooked slowly for hours over low heat, that is a speciality of Spanish cuisine associated with the city of Madrid. Traditionally, pig or cow tripe is used to make the dish, though modern recipes replace it with lamb or cod. When prepared correctly the broth is rich in gelatin and the tripe becomes very tender after the slow cooking process. The tripe can be browned before the cooking liquid is added, with trotters, oxtails, black pudding and other ingredients for the soup like ham, chorizo and smoked paprika. It is common to serve this stew with the morcilla blood sausage, a tapas dish typical of the region of Castile and León.

A version of the stew with chickpeas is made in the Philippines.

Black pudding
Black pudding, also called blood pudding, is a type of blood sausage originating in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It is made from pork or occasionally beef blood, with pork fat or beef suet, and a cereal, usually oatmeal, oat groats, or barley groats. The high proportion of cereal, along with the use of certain herbs, such as pennyroyal, distinguishes black pudding from other blood sausages.
Samaha
Samaha is an Arabic origin surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aya Samaha (born 1992), Egyptian actress

Carole Samaha (born 1972), Lebanese singer and actress

Elie Samaha, Lebanese American film producer

Giovani Samaha (born 1994), Lebanese tennis player

Joseph Samaha (1949–2007), Lebanese journalist

Joumana Samaha, birth name of Joumana Kidd, American journalist

Lucien Samaha (born 1958), Lebanese American photographer

Michel Samaha (born 1948), Lebanese politician

Roy Samaha (born 1984), Lebanese basketball player

Elie Samaha
Elie Samaha (Arabic: إيلي سماحة) is a Lebanese-American film producer. He was the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Franchise Pictures, and was also the co-founder and chairman of Luminosity Pictures.

Samaha built his reputation in Hollywood first as the owner of Celebrity Cleaners and then with his nightclub on Sunset Strip, the Roxbury. Parlaying the Hollywood friendships he formed through his clubs, Samaha was given a distribution deal with Warner Bros. Pictures in 1998.

He has produced over 83 works since 1995, primarily films along with some video games. He produced The Boondock Saints (1999), Battlefield Earth (2000), Driven (2001), 3000 Miles to Graceland (2001), Heist (2001), The Pledge (2001), Spartan (2004), Back on the Strip (2023), among many others.
Wind power in France
In 2021, France reached a total of 18,676 megawatts (MW) installed wind power capacity placing France at that time as the world's seventh largest wind power nation by installed capacity, behind the United Kingdom and Brazil and ahead of Canada and Italy. According to the IEA the yearly wind production was 20.2 TWh in 2015, representing almost 23% of the 88.4 TWh from renewable sources in France during that year. Wind provided 4.3% of the country's electricity demand in 2015.

France has the second largest wind potential in Europe. The country's wind power potential is due to its large land area and extensive agricultural landscape where turbines may be located more readily as well as access to considerable offshore resources.

Wind power in Canada
Wind power has a history in Canada dating back many decades, particularly on prairie farms. As of December 2021, wind power generating capacity was approximately 14,304 megawatts (MW). Combined with 2,399 MW of solar power generating capacity, this provided about 6.5% of Canada's electricity demand as of 2020. The Canadian Wind Energy Association (CanWEA) has outlined a future strategy for wind energy that would reach a capacity of 55 GW by 2025, meeting 20% of the country's energy needs.
Adaptations of The Most Dangerous Game
"The Most Dangerous Game" is an influential 1924 short story by Richard Connell. It tells the story of big-game hunter Sanger Rainsford becoming the hunted when trapped on a jungle island owned by General Zaroff, a Russian aristocrat who has turned to hunting man after becoming bored of hunting animals.

There have been many adaptations of "The Most Dangerous Game" across different forms of media, including film, radio, and television, among others.

Richard Connell
Richard Edward Connell Jr. (October 17, 1893 – November 22, 1949) was an American author and journalist. He is most notable for his short story "The Most Dangerous Game" (1924). Connell was one of the most popular American short story writers of his time. His stories were published in The Saturday Evening Post and Collier's magazines. He had equal success as a journalist and screenwriter, and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1942 (Best Original Story) for the movie Meet John Doe (1941), directed by Frank Capra and based on his 1922 short story "A Reputation".
Pahuvere
Pahuvere is a village in  Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County, Estonia. Until the 2017 administrative reform of Estonian municipalities the village was located in Tarvastu Parish. Pahuvere located 25 km (15 miles) south of the town of Viljandi. The population as of 2011 was 88 individuals.

Pahuvere was first mentioned in German chronicles in 1429 and was called Willust by Baltic German settlers. The village is the site of Pahuvere manor, built by Baltic German nobility. Pahuvere is the birthplace of Estonian poet, prose writer, critic, translator, essayist and politician Johannes Semper (1892–1970).

Viljandi County
Viljandi County (Estonian: Viljandi maakond or Viljandimaa; German: Kreis Fellin) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is located in southern Estonia bordering Pärnu, Järva, Jõgeva, Tartu and Valga counties as well as Latvia.
Mithada Maheman
Mithada Maheman (Gujarati: મીઠડા મહેમાન) is a 2025 Indian Gujarati drama film directed and written by Chinmay Parmar. It Stars Yash Soni, Aarohi Patel, Mitra Gadhavi, Mihir Nishith Rajda and others. The film is produced by Nikhil Mangnani, Ritesh Mavani, Chirag Sharma, Hoshang Sharma, Vishal Patel, Dilip Viradiya, Raviraj Korat and Krishnadev Yagnik and it was released nationwide on 18 April 2025.

Yash Soni
Yash Soni (born 16 October 1996) is an Indian theater and film actor who primarily works in Gujarati cinema. He debuted with the hit comedy Chhello Divas (2015). He later starred in films like Days of Tafree (2016), Shu Thayu? (2018). He then starred in  Chaal Jeevi Laiye! (2019) alongside Siddharth Randeria, which became the highest grossing Gujarati film.
Wendell Wise Mayes Jr.
Wendell Wise Mayes Jr. (March 2, 1924 – September 12, 2021) was an American radio and cable television editorialist and executive in Austin, Texas, who was known for his leadership and philanthropy roles with the American Diabetes Association and the International Diabetes Federation, within the Texas Broadcasting Association, and for being a Peabody Awards winning journalist and editorialist.

The American Diabetes Association presents the Wendell Mayes Jr. Award for Lifetime Service, its highest award given to non-medical professional volunteers, to honor members for their lifetime achievement. He was the initial recipient of the award in 1986. Mayes was also a longtime supporter of education, earning five college degrees and establishing scholarships and awards at five higher education institutions in Texas.

International Diabetes Federation
The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) is a global alliance of over 250 national diabetes associations from more than 160 countries and territories. Established in 1950, the IDF is dedicated to improving the lives of people with diabetes and those at risk, and to promoting diabetes care, prevention, and a cure worldwide. It is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium.
Reshma Saujani
Reshma Saujani (born November 18, 1975) is an American lawyer, politician, civil servant, and the founder of the nonprofit organization "Girls Who Code", which aims to increase the number of women in computer science and close the gender employment difference in that field. She worked in city government as a deputy public advocate at the New York City Public Advocate's office. In 2009, Saujani ran against Carolyn Maloney for the U.S. House of Representatives seat from New York's 14th congressional district, becoming the first Indian American woman to run for Congress. In 2013, she ran as a Democratic candidate for Public Advocate, coming third in the primary. Following the 2012 founding of Girls Who Code, Saujani was listed in Fortune’s 40 Under 40 list.

40 Under 40
Fortune magazine's 40 Under 40 is a list of individuals the publication considers to be the most influential young leaders for the year. The list has existed in two phases: From 1999 to 2003, the list was presented purely as a numeric ranking of wealth, capturing the first dot com boom. The current iteration started in 2009 and is a subjective ranking of power and influence.  The list includes business executives, political figures, sportsmen, fashion designers, and others who are under the age of forty years old. The majority of the list members are business executives from the tech industry.

The list often features business men and women who have made their names in various enterprises, and does not always choose candidates from blue chip industries.
Massachusetts Public Records Law
Massachusetts Public Records Law is a law in Massachusetts detailing what kinds of documents are actually public records. It is a state law that is similar to the federal Freedom of Information Act, which was signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson in 1966. According to the Boston Globe newspaper in 2016, "Massachusetts is currently the one state in the country where the Legislature, judiciary, and governor’s office all claim to be completely exempt from the [public records] law." Many voters would welcome more government transparency. For example, in 2020, a "ballot question in 16 house districts found overwhelming support for increasing transparency." Interest groups focusing on the issue include Act on Mass and the New England First Amendment Coalition.

Judiciary of Massachusetts
The judiciary of Massachusetts is the branch of the government of Massachusetts that interprets and applies the law of Massachusetts, ensures equal justice under law, and provides a mechanism for dispute resolution. The judicial power in Massachusetts is reposed in the Supreme Judicial Court, which superintends the entire system of courts.
What We Could Be
What We Could Be is a 2022 Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Jeffrey Jeturian, it stars Miguel Tanfelix and Ysabel Ortega. It premiered on August 29, 2022 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on October 27, 2022 with a total of 40 episodes.

Ysabel Ortega
Maria Ysabel Ortega Lapid (Tagalog: [ʔɪsaˈbɛl oɾˈtɛga]; born January 25, 1999) is a Filipino actress. She gained prominence playing Charlotte "Charlie" Quiñones on Pusong Ligaw (2017–2018). Ortega also appeared in several other television shows, such as On the Wings of Love (2015–2016), Maalaala Mo Kaya (2016–2017), Ipaglaban Mo! (2018), and Born for You (2016).

After four years with ABS-CBN, she transferred to GMA Network and played Jamie Robinson on Voltes V: Legacy (2023), the Filipino live-action adaptation of the Japanese animated series Voltes V.
Wolf Branch Nature Preserve
Wolf Branch Nature Preserve is a 1,400-acre (570 ha) nature preserve in Hillsborough County, Florida. The preserve is managed by Hillsborough County's Conservation and Environmental Lands Management Department. It offers fishing and 2 miles (3.2 km) of hiking trails in areas of natural mangrove shoreline, upland cabbage palm hammocks, offshore sea grass beds in Tampa Bay, and tidally-influenced Wolf Branch Creek.

High tides reverse the course of the creek and move juvenile mullet, snook and reds. Roseate spoonbills, reddish egrets, wood storks, and at least one bobcat call the preserve home.

The distressed area was purchased by the county in 1993 for $1.8 million. Historically it was used for pasture and cropland. Restoration projects took place on the property starting with eradicating exotic vegetation, then sculpting both isolated and interconnected wetlands to attract fisheries and other wildlife.

Sabal palmetto
Sabal palmetto (/ˈseɪbəl/, SAY-bəl), also known as cabbage palm, cabbage palmetto, sabal palm, palmetto palm, blue palmetto, Carolina palmetto, common palmetto, and swamp cabbage, is one of 15 species of palmetto palm.
It is native to the Southeast United States, the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, and the West Indies.
Three Days (2001 film)
Three Days is an American television film directed by Michael Switzer and starring Kristin Davis, Reed Diamond and Tim Meadows. It premiered on ABC Family on December 9, 2001 as a part of its 25 Days of Christmas programming block and was filmed in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The film received a limited Region 2 DVD release, in PAL format. The film had been available on the Disney+ streaming service from launch in 2019 until October 2022.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
Candida dubliniensis
Candida dubliniensis is a fungal opportunistic pathogen originally isolated from AIDS patients. It is also occasionally isolated from immunocompetent individuals. It is of the genus Candida, very closely related to Candida albicans but forming a distinct phylogenetic cluster in DNA fingerprinting. It is most commonly isolated from oral cavities, and is also occasionally found in other anatomical sites.

Immunocompetence
In immunology, immunocompetence is the ability of the body to produce a normal immune response following exposure to an antigen. Immunocompetence is the opposite of immunodeficiency (also known as immuno-incompetence or being immuno-compromised).

In reference to lymphocytes, immunocompetence means that a B cell or T cell is mature and can recognize antigens and allow a person to mount an immune response. In order for lymphocytes such as T cells to become immunocompetent, which refers to the ability of lymphocyte cell receptors to recognize MHC molecules, they must undergo positive selection.  Adaptive immunocompetence is regulated by growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and vasopressin (VP) – hormones secreted by the pituitary gland.