hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Choi Ki-young
Choi Ki-young (Korean: 최기영; born 1955), also known as Kiyoung Choi, is a South Korean professor of electrical engineering at Seoul National University who served as Minister of Science and ICT under President Moon Jae-in from 2019 to 2021.

After working at now-LG Electronics (then Goldstar) and Cadence Design Systems, he return to his first alma mater. He took several roles in his faculty including the director of Neural Processing Research Center and Embedded Systems Research Center.

In 2017, he became a fellow of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

He holds three degrees in electrical engineering - a bachelor from Seoul National University, a master's from KAIST and a doctorate from Stanford University.

He has a wife who is a professor of computer software at Hanyang University, a brother a professor of physics and astronomy at Seoul National University, a sister a retired professor of Chinese studies at Yonsei University.

Hanyang University
Hanyang University (HYU, Korean: 한양대학교) is a private research university in Seoul and Ansan (ERICA campus), South Korea. Hanyang (한양; 漢陽) derives from the former name of the capital Seoul used during the Joseon period. The university was founded in 1939 as an engineering school, and was the country's first private college to offer engineering and architecture programs.

The university has consistently ranked among the leading universities in STEM fields among South Korean universities. The university enrolls over 3,000 international students each year, and sends more than 3,300 students on study abroad programs annually. As of 2018, Hanyang University had 777 partner universities in 76 countries.
Wilfrid St Clair Tisdall
Major Wilfrid St Clair Tisdall MC (2 April 1921 – 20 January 2014) was a British Army officer who won the Military Cross in Holland in 1944 while serving with the 8th King's Royal Irish Hussars. After several attempts to take an enemy gun position had failed, including an attack by tanks, St Clair Tisdall and his troop of infantry charged the position on foot and overran it. St Clair Tisdall served in a variety of positions for the duration of the Second World War and afterwards on the British Army on the Rhine. In 1960 he joined Headquarters Land Forces Persian Gulf at Bahrain. He retired from the army in 1965.

St Clair Tisdall was born at Altrincham, Cheshire, the son of a churchman. He was educated at Dean Close School, Cheltenham, and subsequently read modern languages at Wadham College, Oxford.

8th King's Royal Irish Hussars
The 8th King's Royal Irish Hussars was a cavalry regiment in the British Army, first raised in 1693. It saw service for three centuries including the First and Second World Wars. The regiment survived the immediate post-war reduction in forces, and went on to distinguish itself in the battles of the Korean War, but was recommended for amalgamation in the 1957 Defence White Paper prepared by Duncan Sandys. The regiment was amalgamated with the 4th Queen's Own Hussars, to form the Queen's Royal Irish Hussars in 1958.
57th Annual Country Music Association Awards
The 57th Annual Country Music Association Awards were held on November 8, 2023, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. The ceremony were hosted once again by Luke Bryan with Peyton Manning. The ceremony was broadcast live on ABC and is available to stream on Hulu.

Luke Bryan
Thomas Luther "Luke" Bryan (born July 17, 1976) is an American country music singer, songwriter, and television personality. Bryan is a five-time "Entertainer of the Year", being awarded by both the Academy of Country Music Awards and the Country Music Association. In 2019, Bryan's 2013 album Crash My Party received the first Album of the Decade award from the Academy of Country Music. He is one of the world's best-selling music artists, with over 75 million records sold. Since 2018, Bryan has been a judge on the singing competition television show American Idol.

His first ten albums – I'll Stay Me (2007), Doin' My Thing (2009), Tailgates & Tanlines (2011), Crash My Party (2013), Spring Break...Here to Party (2013), Spring Break...Checkin' Out (2015), Kill the Lights (2015), Farm Tour... Here's to the Farmer (2016), What Makes You Country (2017), and Born Here Live Here Die Here (2020) – have included 30 number-one hits. Bryan often co-writes with Jeff Stevens.
NEVZA Clubs Championship
The North European Men's Volleyball Club Championship (English. Nordic Club Championships, szw. Nordiska klubbmästerskapen) is a volleyball championship for clubs from the Nordic countries. It was established in 2007 and is organised by the North European Volleyball Zonal Association (NEVZA). Clubs from 8 NEVZA members competing every year in this competition, Teams from other neighbouring countries may be invited such as Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia.

Northern Europe
The northern region of Europe has several definitions. A restrictive definition may describe northern Europe as being roughly north of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, which is about 54°N, or may be based on other geographical factors such as climate and ecology.
Totskoye nuclear exercise
52°38′41″N 52°48′16″E﻿ / ﻿52.64472°N 52.80444°E﻿ / 52.64472; 52.80444

The Totskoye nuclear exercise was a military exercise undertaken by the Soviet Army to explore defensive and offensive warfare during nuclear war. The exercise, under the code name "Snowball" (Russian: Снежок, romanized: Snezhok), involved an aerial detonation of a 40 kt RDS-4 nuclear bomb. The stated goal of the operation was military training for breaking through heavily fortified defensive lines of a military opponent using nuclear weapons. An army of 45,000 soldiers marched through the area around the hypocenter soon after the nuclear blast. The exercise was conducted on September 14, 1954, at 9.33 a.m., under the command of Marshal Georgy Zhukov to the north of Totskoye village in Orenburg Oblast, Russia, in the South Ural Military District. The epicenter of the detonation is marked with a memorial.

Orenburg Oblast
Orenburg Oblast (also Orenburzhye) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), mainly located in Eastern Europe, with some land in the southern and eastern portions of the oblast falling within Asia. Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name Chkalov Oblast in honor of Valery Chkalov. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast had a population of 1,862,767, down from 2,033,072 in the 2010 Census.
Wales Playhouse
Wales Playhouse is a 30-minute UK dramatic anthology series produced by and airing on BBC Wales.  Twenty-two episodes aired from 1990–96.  Guest stars included Brenda Blethyn, Jack Wild, and Andrew Howard.

BBC Cymru Wales
BBC Cymru Wales is a division of the BBC and the main public broadcaster in Wales.

It is one of the four BBC national regions, alongside the BBC English Regions, BBC Northern Ireland and BBC Scotland. Established in 1964, BBC Cymru Wales is based in Cardiff and directly employs some 1,200 people to produce a range of programmes for television, radio and online services in both English and Welsh.

BBC Cymru Wales operates two TV channels (BBC One Wales, BBC Two Wales) and three radio stations (BBC Radio Wales, BBC Radio Cymru and BBC Radio Cymru 2). The total budget for BBC Cymru Wales (including S4C's £76 million) is £151 million, £31 million of which is for BBC-produced television productions.
Baie des Trépassés
48°2′48.83″N 4°42′24.65″W﻿ / ﻿48.0468972°N 4.7068472°W﻿ / 48.0468972; -4.7068472

Baie des Trépassés (Breton: Bae an Anaon, French: Baie des Trépassés), or the Bay of the Dead, is a bay on Cap Sizun on the west coast of Finistère, in Brittany, France. The bay is located between Pointe du Raz and Pointe du Van, on the territory of the commune of Plogoff.

The bay has a wide sandy beach, and is a popular surfing location.

The name appears to be derived from a misinterpretation of the Breton avon, meaning "river", for anaon, meaning "the dead". There are legends (possibly derived from the name) that dead druids were ferried from here to be buried on the island of Sein.

Plogoff
Plogoff (French pronunciation: [plɔɡɔf]; Breton: Plougoñ) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France.

It contains three small ports suitable for small vessels: Pors-Loubous, Feunten-Aod and Bestrée. Local industries include tourism, traditional biscuits, agriculture and fishing.
Anselan John Buchanan Stirling
Admiral Anselan John Buchanan Stirling, CB (27 June 1875 – 7 April 1936) was a Royal Navy officer.

The son of Colonel J. S. Stirling, of Gargunnock, Stirlingshire, he was educated at the Royal Naval School before joining HMS Britannia as a cadet in 1889. Promoted to lieutenant in 1897, he was appointed to HMS Barfleur of the China Station in 1898. He was severely wounded in action during the Boxer Rebellion, for which he was granted a pension by order-in-council.

At the Battle of Jutland in 1916, Stirling commanded the 12th Destroyer Flotilla from the bridge of flotilla leader Faulknor. For his services during the battle, he was commended and appointed a CB.

He was Captain in Charge, Port Edgar from 1922 to 1924, Commodore in Charge, Hong Kong from 1924 to 1926, and Admiral Superintendent, Chatham Dockyard from 1927 until his retirement in 1931. He was promoted to admiral on the retired list shortly before his death in 1936.

Port Edgar
Port Edgar is a marina on the southern shore of the Firth of Forth, immediately west of the Forth Road Bridge and the town of South Queensferry, in Edinburgh, Scotland. Originally a naval base, HMS Lochinvar, Port Edgar is now a busy marina with a sailing school and 300 berths. The Edgar commemorated in the name is Edgar Aetheling, the brother of Queen Margaret (for whom Queensferry is named).

Previously operated by Edinburgh Leisure, the private investment company Port Edgar Marina Limited took over management of the marina in April 2014. Part of the group's £1.5m development plans included a capital dredging project to alleviate concerns about harbour depth. Prior to this project, activity at Port Edgar was threatened by the failure of successive management structures to maintain harbour depths through dredging after the departure of the Royal Navy.
Gidget (EP)
Gidget is the debut EP by the Santa Cruz, California-based hardcore punk band Good Riddance, released in 1993 through Austin, Texas record label Little Deputy Records. The EP is titled after the fictional character Gidget, and the cover image is of actress Sally Field as the character from the Gidget television series of 1965–1966. Singer Russ Rankin later recalled "that recording was from our first demo tape. Little Deputy basically took four songs from that demo tape and pressed 'em". It was the band's only recording with bassist Devin Quinn, who according to Rankin was "a disciple of Pete [Rypins] from Crimpshrine and Matt [Freeman] from Operation Ivy and you can hear all his runs and counter melodies in ['Not So Bad']." "Last Believer" was titled after an episode of the 1991 PBS documentary series on President Lyndon B. Johnson; the song was re-recorded for the band's 1996 album A Comprehensive Guide to Moderne Rebellion.

Gidget (TV series)
Gidget is an American sitcom television series by Screen Gems about a surfing Southern California teenager named "Gidget" and her widowed father Russ Lawrence, a UCLA professor. Sally Field stars as Gidget with Don Porter as father Russell Lawrence. The series was first broadcast on ABC from September 15, 1965, to April 21, 1966. Reruns were aired until September 1, 1966.

Gidget was among the first regularly scheduled color programs on ABC. With a Wednesday-night time slot that put it in direct competition with The Beverly Hillbillies and The Virginian, it did poorly in the Nielsen ratings and was cancelled at the end of its first season.
Magura Cave
The Magura Cave (Bulgarian "пещера Магура") is located in north-western Bulgaria close to the village of Rabisha, 25 km (16 mi) from the town of Belogradchik in Vidin Province.

The prehistoric wall paintings of Magura have great resemblance with those of the Grotta dei Cervi in Italy, which are of exceptional expression and artistic depth and are considered the most significant works of art of the European Post-Paleolithic era.

Guided visits are conducted by the staff of Belogradchik municipality, to which the management of the cave was transferred in 2012 by the Bulgarian Council of Ministers.

In 1984, the site was inducted into UNESCO's tentative list of World Heritage.

Government of Bulgaria
The Council of Ministers (Bulgarian: Министерски съвет, Ministerski savet) is the main authority of the executive power in the Republic of Bulgaria. It consists of the Prime Minister of Bulgaria and all the specialized ministers.
Tricholoma fulvum
Tricholoma fulvum is a mushroom of the agaric genus Tricholoma. One guide reports that the species is inedible, while another says the fruit bodies are edible.

It is a pale brown to reddish-brown mushroom with crimped hat edges. Gills are yellowy-white and get brown spots. The spore powder is white. The stem brown externally, and hollow and yellow internally. It grows mycorrhizally with birch-trees.

Agaric
An agaric (/ˈæɡərɪk, əˈɡærɪk/) is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. It is a type of mushroom (or toadstool), the diverse group of agarics being lumped together as gilled mushrooms. "Agaric" can also refer more generally to any basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body.
Purohito Ka Talab
Purohito Ka Talab, situated in Udaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan, is an artificial fresh water lake. Purohito ka Talab is located at a distance of around 12 kilometres from Udaipur. The lake is surrounded by green mountains. Purohito ka Taalab is also known as ‘Mini Jaisamand’. It's situated between the Aravalli Range. In order to preserve the forest life in Purohito ka Taalab, it has been declared a no-fishing zone.

Aravalli Range
The Aravalli Range (also spelled Aravali) is a mountain range in north-western India. running approximately 670 km (420 mi) in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The highest peak is Guru Shikhar in Mount Abu, Rajasthan at 1,722 m (5,650 ft). The Aravalli Range is the oldest fold-mountain belt in India, dating back to the Paleoproterozoic era.
Antigone Kefala
Antigone Kefala (28 May 1931 – 3 December 2022) was an Australian poet and prose-writer of Greek-Romanian heritage. She was a member of the Literature Board of the Australia Council and is acknowledged as being an important voice in capturing the migrant experience in contemporary Australia. In 2017, Kefala was awarded the State Library of Queensland Poetry Collection Judith Wright Calanthe Award at the Queensland Literary Awards for her collection of poems entitled Fragments.

Creative Australia
Creative Australia, formerly known as the Australia Council for the Arts and the Australia Council, is the country's official arts council, serving as an arts funding and advisory body for the Government of Australia.

The council was announced in 1967 as the Australian Council for the Arts, with the first members appointed the following year. It was made a statutory corporation by the passage of the Australia Council Act 1975. It became the Australia Council in 2013, and then Creative Australia, with a new organisational structure, from 24 August 2023.

The organisation has included several boards within its structure over the years, including more than one incarnation of a Visual Arts Board (VAB), in the 1970s–80s and in the early 2000s.
The Automation
The Automation is an indie, mythpunk novel by an anonymous author using the dual pen names B.L.A. and G.B. Gabbler, about the god Vulcan's Automata which function off their human Master's souls. Gabbler is known as the "Editor" and annotates the story, as if it was just a work of literature, through footnotes while B.L.A. is the "Narrator" and tells the fantastical story as if it were true. The Automation is the first volume in a projected trilogy called the Circo del Herrero series, or The Blacksmith's Circus series.

Automaton
An automaton (/ɔːˈtɒmətən/ ⓘ; pl.: automata or automatons) is a relatively self-operating machine or control mechanism designed to automatically follow a sequence of operations or respond to predetermined instructions. Some automata, such as bellstrikers in mechanical clocks, are designed to give the illusion to the casual observer that they are operating under their own power or will, like a mechanical robot. The term has long been commonly associated with automated puppets that resemble moving humans or animals, built to impress and/or to entertain people.

Animatronics are a modern type of automata with electronics, often used for the portrayal of characters or creatures in films and in theme park attractions.
Lute guitar
A lute guitar or German lute (German: Gitarrenlaute, Deutsche Laute or Wandervogellaute, less commonly a lutar (modern Turkish), gui-lute or gittar) is a stringed musical instrument, common in Germany from around 1850. The instrument has a regular six-stringed guitar setup on a lute bowl, however there are many theorboed variants with up to 11 strings. (see de:Deutsche Basslaute)

The instrument is associated with the Wandervogel countercultural movement in Germany in the first half of the 20th century.: 151

The name German lute is sometimes also used for the waldzither, for both gaining the status of a national instrument in the early 20th century.

Theorbo
The theorbo is a plucked string instrument of the lute family, with an extended neck that houses the second pegbox. Like a lute, a theorbo has a curved-back sound box with a flat top, typically with one or three sound holes decorated with rosettes. As with the lute, the player plucks or strums the strings with the right hand while "fretting" (pressing down) the strings with the left hand.

The theorbo is related to the liuto attiorbato, the French théorbe des pièces, the archlute, the German baroque lute, and the angélique (or angelica). A theorbo differs from a regular lute in its re-entrant tuning in which the first two strings are tuned an octave lower. The theorbo was used during the Baroque music era (1600–1750) to play basso continuo accompaniment parts (as part of the basso continuo group, which often included harpsichord, pipe organ and bass instruments), and also as a solo instrument. It has a range similar to that of cello.
Mizoram University
Mizoram University is a central university established on 2 July 2000, by the Mizoram University Act (2000) of the Parliament of India. The President of India is the official Visitor, and the Governor of Mizoram acts as the Chief Rector as per Mizoram University (Amendment) Bill, 2007.

Visitor
A visitor, in English and Welsh law and history, is an overseer of an autonomous ecclesiastical or eleemosynary institution, often a charitable institution set up for the perpetual distribution of the founder's alms and bounty, who can intervene in the internal affairs of that institution. Those with such visitors are mainly chapters, chapels, schools, colleges, universities, and hospitals.
Ankadikely Ilafy
Ankadikely Ilafy is a rural municipality in Analamanga Region, in the  Central Highlands of Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Antananarivo Avaradrano. It is situated at 8 km North of Antananarivo at the National road 3 and its populations numbers to 96,247 in 2018.

The commune is divided in 18 fokontany (villages).

Central Highlands (Madagascar)
The Central Highlands, Central High Plateau, or Hautes-Terres are a mountainous biogeographical region in central Madagascar. They include the contiguous part of the island's interior above 800 m (2,600 ft) elevation. The Central Highlands are separated from the Northern Highlands of the northern tip of Madagascar by a low-lying valley, the Mandritsara Window, which has apparently acted as a barrier to dispersal for species in the highlands, leading to species pairs such as Voalavo gymnocaudus and Voalavo antsahabensis in the Northern and Central Highlands. Species restricted to the Central Highlands include the bats Miniopterus manavi and Miniopterus sororculus; the rodents Brachyuromys betsileoensis and Voalavo antsahabensis; the tenrecs Hemicentetes nigriceps and Oryzorictes tetradactylus; and the lemur Cheirogaleus sibreei. Because of the continuous habitat of the Central Highlands, there is little local endemism, unlike the Northern Highlands.
Zenani Mnguni
Zenani David Mnguni (born 10 October 1931) is a retired South African politician who represented the National Party in the National Assembly during the first democratic Parliament from 1994 to 1999. He was elected to his seat in the 1994 general election. He stood for re-election in 1999 as a candidate in the Mpumalanga constituency, but his party did not win any seats in the province and he did not win a seat.

22nd South African Parliament
The 22nd Parliament of the Republic of South Africa was elected in the elections of 27 April 1994; it was the first parliament in South Africa's history to be elected by voters of all races. Nelson Mandela's African National Congress formed a government of national unity with F. W. de Klerk's National Party and Mangosuthu Buthelezi's Inkatha Freedom Party. The three racially based houses from previous parliaments were replaced with the re-introduced Senate and National Assembly. In 1997, on the introduction of the final Constitution, the Senate was replaced by the National Council of Provinces, which continues to serve as the upper house of South Africa's Parliament.
Room-temperature superconductor
A room-temperature superconductor is a hypothetical material capable of displaying superconductivity above 0 °C (273 K; 32 °F), operating temperatures which are commonly encountered in everyday settings. As of 2023, the material with the highest accepted superconducting temperature was highly pressurized lanthanum decahydride, whose transition temperature is approximately 250 K (−23 °C; −10 °F) at 150 GPa.

At standard atmospheric pressure, cuprates currently hold the temperature record, manifesting superconductivity at temperatures as high as 138 K (−135 °C; −211 °F). Over time, researchers have consistently encountered superconductivity at temperatures previously considered unexpected or impossible, challenging the notion that achieving superconductivity at room temperature was infeasible. The concept of "near-room temperature" transient effects has been a subject of discussion since the early 1950s.

Operating temperature
An operating temperature is the allowable temperature range of the local ambient environment at which an electrical or mechanical device operates. The device will operate effectively within a specified temperature range which varies on the basis of the device's function and application context, and ranges from the minimum operating temperature to the maximum operating temperature (or peak operating temperature). Outside this range of safe operating temperatures the device may fail.

It is one component of reliability engineering.

Similarly, biological systems remain viable in a temperature range that equates to an operating temperature.
Dysstroma infuscata
Dysstroma infuscata is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Johan Martin Jakob von Tengström in 1869. It is found from Scandinavia, Poland and the Czech Republic to the Amur River and Sakhalin.

The wingspan is 23–32 mm. Adults are on wing in July.

The larvae feed on Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum and Rhododendron tomentosum. Larvae can be found from August to June. The species overwinters in the larval stage.

Rhododendron tomentosum
Rhododendron tomentosum (syn. Ledum palustre), commonly known as marsh Labrador tea, northern Labrador tea, marsh rosemary  or wild rosemary, is a flowering plant in the subsection Ledum of the large genus Rhododendron in the family Ericaceae.