hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Greater Landover, Maryland
Greater Landover was a census-designated place (CDP) in Prince George's County, Maryland, during the 2000 United States census. The population was 22,900 at that time. As of 2007, the rough estimate given by the census was at 22,665. For the 2010 U.S. census, the area was designated the Landover CDP.

Prince George's County, Maryland
Prince George's County (often shortened to PG County, PG, or PGC) is located in the U.S. state of Maryland bordering the eastern portion of Washington, D.C. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 967,201, making it the second-most populous county in Maryland, behind neighboring Montgomery County. The 2020 census counted an increase of nearly 104,000 in the previous ten years. Its county seat is Upper Marlboro. It is the most populous African American-majority county in the United States, as well as the second most affluent behind neighboring Charles County.

The county is part of the Capital region of the state, though portions of the county are considered to be in Southern Maryland. The county also hosts many federal governmental facilities, such as Joint Base Andrews and the United States Census Bureau headquarters.
Tonea Marshall
Tonea Alexis Marshall (born 17 October 1998) is an American hurdler specializing in the 100 metres hurdles. She was the gold medalist at the 2019 NACAC U23 Championships in a championship record time, and she was the silver medalist at the 2023 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships in the 60 m hurdles.

100 metres hurdles
The 100 metres hurdles, or 100-meter hurdles, is a track and field event run mainly by women (the male counterpart is the 110 metres hurdles). For the race, ten hurdles of a height of 83.8 centimetres (33 in) are placed along a straight course of 100 metres (109.36 yd). The first hurdle is placed after a run-up of 13 metres from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 8.5 metres from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 10.5 metres long. The hurdles are set up so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner, but weighted so this is disadvantageous. Fallen hurdles do not count against runners provided that they do not run into them on purpose. Like the 100 metres sprint, the 100 m hurdles begins with athletes in starting blocks.

The fastest 100 m hurdlers run the distance in well under 13 seconds. The world record set by Tobi Amusan stands at 12.12 seconds.
The N.W.A Legacy, Vol. 1: 1988–1998
The N.W.A Legacy, Volume 1: 1988–1998 is a two-disc compilation album released on March 23, 1999, through Priority Records. It is composed of 26 songs recorded from 1988 to 1998 by the American hip-hop group N.W.A, including solo material of its members Ice Cube, Eazy-E, Dr. Dre and MC Ren, and their affiliates such as The D.O.C., Above The Law, Da Lench Mob, Snoop Dogg, Penthouse Players Clique, Tha Dogg Pound, Westside Connection and 2Pac. Bryan Turner served as executive producer.

The album peaked at number 77 on the Billboard 200 and number 42 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. It was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America on September 30, 2002.

Its sequel, The N.W.A Legacy, Vol. 2, was released in 2002.

MC Ren
Lorenzo Jerald Patterson (born June 16, 1969), known professionally by his stage name MC Ren, is an American rapper, songwriter, and record producer from Compton, California. He is the founder and owner of the independent record label Villain Entertainment.

MC Ren began his career as a solo artist signed to Eazy-E's Ruthless Records in early 1987, while still attending high school. By mid-1988, after having written nearly half of Eazy-Duz-It, Ren had become a member of N.W.A, with whom he released recorded two albums and one EP. After the group disbanded in 1991, Ren stayed with Ruthless, releasing three solo albums—including the controversial Shock of the Hour (1993)—before leaving the label in 1998.

In 2016, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of N.W.A.

In 2024, he received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award as a member of N.W.A. He showed up to the ceremony to accept the award along with Ice Cube, DJ Yella, The D.O.C., and Lil Eazy-E.
Salt Shaker (song)
"Salt Shaker" is a song by American hip-hop group Ying Yang Twins featuring Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz. It was released on their third studio album, Me & My Brother (2003). It was produced by Lil Jon with guitars played by Craig Love. The song reached the top 10 in the United States, peaking at number 9.

In the United States, "Salt Shaker" became the biggest hit of the Ying Yang Twins' career, debuting in the top 10 at number 9 on February 14, 2004, and staying there for two weeks. In Australia, the song was released as a double A-side CD single with "Naggin'".

The official remix featured Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz, Murphy Lee, Fat Joe and Juvenile. There is an official extended 2004 remix of the above artists and additional verses by Fatman Scoop, Jacki-O, B.G., and Pitbull. There is also a remix on DJ Drama's Gangsta Grillz X with Big Boi and Snoop Dogg. Later, it was re-played in 2020 on 98-PXYz.

Murphy Lee
Torhi Murphy Lee Harper (born December 18, 1978), better known by his stage name Murphy Lee, is an American rapper who is best known as a member of the St. Louis, Missouri-based hip hop group, St. Lunatics. Following the commercial success of its lead member Nelly in the early 2000s, Lee signed with his label Derrty Entertainment, an imprint of Universal Records to release his debut studio album, Murphy's Law (2003). It peaked at number eight on the Billboard 200 and was supported by the Billboard Hot 100-number one single "Shake Your Tailfeather" (with Nelly and P. Diddy), which was also included on the accompanying soundtrack to the 2003 film Bad Boys II.
Might makes right
"Might makes right" or "might is right" is an aphorism that asserts that having superior strength or power gives one the ability to control society and enforce one's own agenda, beliefs, concepts of justice, and so on. Montague  defined kratocracy or kraterocracy (from the Ancient Greek: κράτος, romanized: krátos, lit. 'might; strength') as a government by those strong enough to seize control through violence or deceit.

"Might makes right" has been described as the credo of totalitarian regimes. The sociologist Max Weber analyzed the relations between a state's power and its moral authority in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Realist scholars of international politics use the phrase to describe the "state of nature" in which power determines the relations among sovereign states.

Economy and Society
Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology (1921; German: Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Grundriß der verstehenden Soziologie; or simply Economy and Society) is a book by political economist and sociologist Max Weber, published posthumously in Germany by his wife Marianne. Alongside The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1905), it is considered to be one of Weber's most important works. Extremely broad in scope, the book covers numerous themes including religion, economics, politics, public administration, and sociology. A complete translation of the work was not published in English until 1968.

In 1998, the International Sociological Association listed this work as the most important sociological book of the 20th century.
Gymnastics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's floor
These are the results of the women's floor competition, one of six events for female competitors in artistic gymnastics at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. The qualification and final rounds took place on September 17 and 25 at the Sydney SuperDome.

Sydney SuperDome
The Sydney SuperDome, currently known as the Qudos Bank Arena under a naming rights deal, is a multipurpose arena in Sydney Olympic Park, New South Wales, Australia. It was completed in 1999 as part of the facilities for the 2000 Summer Olympics.
San Lucas Zoquiapam
San Lucas Zoquiapam  is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 38.27 km2. 
It is part of the Teotitlán District in the north of the Cañada Region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 7,384.

Cañada Region
Cañada is a region in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico covering 4,300 square km. It includes two districts, Teotitlán and Cuicatlán.
The main administrative center is Teotitlán de Flores Magón, but Huautla de Jiménez is considered the most important cultural center in the region.

The region is named after the Cañada de Cuicatlán, a hot low canyon that links the Valley of Oaxaca to the south with the Valley of Tehuacán in Puebla state to the north.
The Cañada was the major Precolumbian route between the two valleys.
It was conquered and controlled by the early Zapotec state based on Monte Albán at some time around 300 BC.

The region is fertile with a warm and mild climate, and produces crops of mango, melon and avocado. It consists of flat lands watered by the Salado and Tomellín rivers.
Military railways in Iraq
The Iraqi military railways operated in the British-occupied parts of the Ottoman Empire, the British Mandate for Mesopotamia and modern Iraq. The approximately 1,610 km (1,000 mi) of tracks were built during and after the First World War and were laid using portable track in today's Iraq. They comprised 1,290 km (800 mi) of primary railways and 320 km (200 mi) of secondary railways. Most wartime lines were either upgraded to metre- or standard-gauge or abandoned if not. Purposes of the lines were to supply troops, provide communications, relieve river traffic, expedite connections and limited civilian traffic, especially after 1919. By the 1960s, the last remnants of the railways were abandoned with the retrofitting of the IRR Southern Line from metre- to standard-gauge. About 20,000 Indian convicted labourers worked on the railways, with additional labour drawn from Turkish POWs.

Abandoned railway
An abandoned railroad is a railway line which is no longer used for that purpose.  Such lines may be disused railways, closed railways, former railway lines, or derelict railway lines.  Some have had all their track and sleepers removed, and others have material remaining from their former usage.

There are many hundreds of these throughout the world. Thousands of miles of railroads have been abandoned in the United States, much of it in the 40 years from 1965 to 2005. The right-of-way which has been established for such a line makes it useful for other transport, such as a rail trail. Other uses are possible. For example, in 1936, farmers in Aldrich, Missouri, found various uses for the land and materials of an abandoned railway. The abandoned railway stations on the line may be put to some other use too.
VP-1
Patrol Squadron One (VP-1), established 15 February 1943, is an active aviation squadron of the United States Navy operating the Boeing P-8A Poseidon aircraft from its home port at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Washington, United States.  The squadron is known by its nickname "Screaming Eagles", adopted in 1985 replacing its previous nickname, "Fleet's Finest".  The squadron went by the call sign "BACKDOOR" during the 1960s and 1970s.

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (Japanese: 海上自衛隊, Hepburn: Kaijō Jieitai), abbreviated JMSDF (海自, Kaiji), also simply known as the Japanese Navy, is the navy branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, tasked with the naval defense of Japan. The JMSDF was formed following the dissolution of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) after World War II. The JMSDF has a fleet of 164 ships, 346 aircraft and 50,800 personnel.
Jalousie (Gade)
Jalousie is a tango written by Danish composer Jacob Gade in 1925. Its full title is Jalousie "Tango Tzigane"  (Jealousy "Gypsy Tango"). It soon became popular around the world and is today a classic in the modern songbook.

Don Q, Son of Zorro
Don Q, Son of Zorro is a 1925 American silent swashbuckler romance film and a sequel to the 1920 silent film The Mark of Zorro. It was loosely based upon the 1909 novel Don Q.'s Love Story, written by the mother-and-son duo Kate and Hesketh Hesketh-Prichard. The story was reworked in 1925 (after Hesketh Hesketh-Prichard's death) into a vehicle for the Johnston McCulley character Zorro. The film adaptation was made by screenwriters Jack Cunningham and Lotta Woods for United Artists studios. Douglas Fairbanks both produced the film and starred as its lead character. It was directed by Donald Crisp, who also played the villain Don Sebastian.

The film was well-received: the New York Times rated it one of its top ten films of 1925.
Aidas Gedvilas
Aidas Gedvilas (born 9 June 1966) is a Lithuanian politician of the Dawn of Nemunas. He has been a member of the Seimas since 2020, having previously served from 2004 to 2005. He was a member of the Labour Party until 2022, and joined the Dawn of Nemunas in 2024.

Labour Party (Lithuania)
The Labour Party (Lithuanian: Darbo partija, DP) is a populist centre-left political party in Lithuania. The party was founded in 2003 by the Russian-born millionaire businessman and member of Seimas Viktor Uspaskich.
Karol Beyer Park
The Karol Beyer Park is an urban park in Warsaw, Poland, within the Downtown district. It is located on the Warsaw Escarpment, between Smolna Street, Kruczewskiego Street, Warsaw Cross-City Line, and Warszawa Powiśle railway station. The park was opened in the 1970s.

Śródmieście, Warsaw
Śródmieście (Polish: [ɕrudˈmjɛɕ.t͡ɕɛ]), also anglicised as Downtown, is the central district of Warsaw, the capital city of Poland. It encompasses the Old Town, the city's historic core, and is the centre of cultural, commercial and political life of the capital.
Spanish National Badminton Championships
The Spanish National Badminton Championships is a tournament organized by the Federación Española de Bádminton to crown the best badminton players in Spain.

The tournament started in 1982 and is held every year.

Spanish Badminton Federation
The Spanish Badminton Federation (FESBA, Spanish: Federación Española de Bádminton) is the governing body for the sport of badminton in Spain. The organization hosts the annual Spanish International Badminton Tournament and has also hosted the 2001 and 2006 IBF World Championships.

As of 2022, the federation has 306 registered clubs and 9,715 federated badminton players.
Glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase
Glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.198, sn-2-glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase, glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol 3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate  CoA + a 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

This membrane-associated enzyme is required for suberin or cutin synthesis in plants.

Acyl-CoA
Acyl-CoA is a group of CoA-based coenzymes that metabolize carboxylic acids. Fatty acyl-CoA's are susceptible to beta oxidation, forming, ultimately, acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, eventually forming several equivalents of ATP.  In this way, fats are converted to ATP, the common biochemical energy carrier.
Vibroscope
Vibroscope (Latin: vibrare 'vibrate' + scope) is an instrument for observing and tracing (and sometimes recording) vibration.

For example, a primitive mechanical vibroscope consists of a vibrating object with a pointy end which leaves a wave trace on a smoked surface of a rotating cylinder.

Vibroscopes are used to study properties of substances. For examples, polymers' torsional modulus and Young's modulus may be determined by vibrating the polymers and measuring their frequency of vibration under certain external forces. Similar approach works to determine linear density of thread-shaped objects, such as fibers, filaments, and yarn.

Vibroscopes are also used to study sound in different areas of the mouth during speech.

Jean-Marie Duhamel published about an early recording device he called a vibroscope in 1843.

Fiber
Fiber (spelled fibre in British English; from Latin: fibra) is a natural or artificial substance that is significantly longer than it is wide. Fibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials. The strongest engineering materials often incorporate fibers, for example carbon fiber and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene.

Synthetic fibers can often be produced very cheaply and in large amounts compared to natural fibers, but for clothing natural fibers have some benefits, such as comfort, over their synthetic counterparts.
! (The Song Formerly Known As)
"! (The Song Formerly Known As)" is a song by Australian rock band Regurgitator. The song was released as a double-A side single with "Modern Life" in September 1998 as the fourth and final single from the band's second studio album, Unit. The single peaked at number 28 in Australia and was ranked number six on Triple J's Hottest 100 in 1998, with B-side "I Like Your Old Remix Better Than Your New Remix" being ranked at number 27. In 2025, the song placed 67 on the Triple J Hottest 100 of Australian Songs. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1999, the song was nominated for three awards: Best Group, Best Video and Single of the Year.

Triple J's Hottest 100 of 1998
The 1998 Triple J Hottest 100, announced on 26 January 1999, was the sixth such countdown of the most popular songs of the year, according to listeners of the Australian radio station Triple J. As in previous years, a CD featuring 36 of the songs was released. In August 1998 a Hottest 100 of All Time was conducted separate to normal countdown.

In February 2019, Triple J's sister station Double J conducted a "re-vote" of the 1998 top 10.
Exapate
Exapate is a Palearctic genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae.

The Exapate is a moth commonly found in Britain with a preference for moorland in the northern regions. It has a wingspan of 18–22 mm with the males having elongated forewings. It is commonly found from October into December.

Tortricinae
The Tortricinae are the nominate subfamily of tortrix moths. Commonly referred to as leafrollers, as the larvae build shelters by folding or rolling leaves of the food plant,  the tortricinae include several notable pests as well species used as biological control agents against invasive weeds.
Mary Francis Bridgeman
Mother Mary Francis Bridgeman R.S.M. (1813 – 11 February 1888) was a nun with the Sisters of Mercy, a Roman Catholic religious congregation of women, founded in Ireland by Catherine McAuley and a pioneer nurse during the Crimean War of 1854-1856.

Selimiye Barracks
Selimiye Barracks (Turkish: Selimiye Kışlası), also known as Scutari Barracks, is a Turkish Army barracks located in Selimiye in the Üsküdar district on the Asian side of Istanbul, Turkey. It was originally built in 1800 by Sultan Selim III for the soldiers of the newly established  Nizam-ı Cedid (literally "New Order") within the framework of the Ottoman military reform efforts. Today, it serves as the headquarters of the First Army of Turkish Land Forces.

The Barracks is situated in the Harem neighbourhood between Üsküdar and Kadıköy, close to the Sea of Marmara. The highway connecting the ferry terminal and the overland bus terminal to the motorway O.2 Istanbul-Ankara runs right past the barracks.
AMD Wraith
AMD Wraith is a family of downdraft type CPU coolers designed by AMD. The Wraith was introduced as a heatpipe-equipped stock cooler for certain AMD FX CPUs and AMD A-series APUs. With the launch of AMD Ryzen, the Wraith lineup has been updated to four new variants, varying in design, cooling capabilities, and lighting features. They are bundled in many of AMD's Socket AM4 & Socket AM5-based products except their high-end and high-powered Ryzen CPU line-up. The coolers were supplied by several manufacturers such as Cooler Master, Foxconn, and Delta Electronics.

AMD FX
AMD FX are a series of high-end AMD microprocessors for personal computers which debuted in 2011, claimed as AMD's first native 8-core desktop processor. The line was introduced with the Bulldozer microarchitecture at launch (codenamed "Zambezi"), and was then succeeded by its derivative Piledriver in 2012 (codenamed "Vishera").

The line aimed at competing with the Intel Core line of desktop processors, in particular processors based on Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge architectures.

FX has been succeeded by the Ryzen brand of CPUs, based on the Zen architecture, which initially launched in 2017 to compete with Intel's later generation processors such as Skylake.
Buddhism in Bangladesh
Buddhism is the third-largest religious affiliation and formed about 0.63% of the population of Bangladesh. It is said that Buddha once in his life came to this region of East Bengal to spread his teachings and he was successful in converting the local people to Buddhism, specially in the Chittagong Division and later on Pala empire propagate and patronized Buddhist religion throughout the Bengal territory.

About 1 million people in Bangladesh adhere to the Theravada school of Buddhism, while a smaller portion are Mahayana Buddhists. Vajrayana Buddhism was once more prevalent in Bangladesh, but its following has now declined to almost none. Over 65% of the Buddhist population is concentrated in the Chittagong Hill Tracts region, where it is the predominant faith of the Rakhine, Chakma, Marma, Tanchangya, Jumma people and the Barua. The remaining 35% are Bengali Buddhists. Buddhist communities are also present in the urban centers of Bangladesh, particularly Chittagong and Dhaka.

Naogaon
Naogaon (Bengali: নওগাঁ) is a city on the banks of the little Jamuna river in the Rajshahi Division. It is the headquarters of the Naogaon District and the Naogaon Sadar Upazila. According to the 2022 Bangladeshi census the population of Naogaon City is 178,635, which makes it the 29th largest city in Bangladesh.
Condolence book
A condolence book or book of condolence is a book in which people may record their condolences following a death or great tragedy.

Following the death of a leading figure or great disaster, condolence books are placed in public places for members of the general public to use. When closed, the books are given to the relatives of the deceased or archived. Reviewing a condolence book may help grieving relatives come to terms with the reality of their loss.

After especially notable deaths, official records of the condolences may be compiled and reprinted. For example, after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, the Government Printing Office published a leather-bound, gilt-edged collection of official condolences in 1867.

Digital condolence books are now placed on the Internet so people may write their thoughts online.

Tragedy (event)
A tragedy is an event of great loss, usually of human life.  Such an event is said to be tragic. Traditionally, the event would require "some element of moral failure, some flaw in character, or some extraordinary combination of elements" to be tragic.

Not every death is considered a tragedy. Rather, it is a precise set of symptoms surrounding the loss that define it as such. There are a variety of factors that define a death as tragic.

An event in which a massive number of deaths occur may be seen as a tragedy. This can be re-enforced by media attention or other public outcry.

A tragedy does not necessarily involve massive death. The death of a single person, e.g., a public figure or a child, may be seen as a tragedy. The person need not necessarily have been famous before death.