hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Redcar Mudstone Formation
The Redcar Mudstone Formation is a geological formation in North Yorkshire, England. Part of the Lias Group, it was deposited in the Hettangian to Pliensbachian stages of the Early Jurassic. The lithology consists of fissile mudstones and siltstones, with the lower part having thin beds of limestone and the upper part having thin beds of sandstone. The Redcar Mudstone Formation at Wine Haven, Robin Hood's Bay, Yorkshire contains the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Pliensbachian.

Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point
A Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP), sometimes referred to as a golden spike, is an internationally agreed upon reference point on a stratigraphic section which defines the lower boundary of a stage on the geologic time scale.  The effort to define GSSPs is conducted by the International Commission on Stratigraphy, a part of the International Union of Geological Sciences.  Most, but not all, GSSPs are based on paleontological changes.  Hence GSSPs are usually described in terms of transitions between different faunal stages, though far more faunal stages have been described than GSSPs.  The GSSP definition effort commenced in 1977.  As of 2025, 81 of the 101 stages that need a GSSP have a ratified GSSP.
Kumkumapoovu
Kumkumapoovu (transl. Saffron Crocus) was an Indian Malayalam-language soap opera that aired on Asianet from 2011 to 2014. It ran for 785 episodes. The cast included Asha Sharath, Sajan Surya, Shelly Kishore, Shanavas Shanu, Aswathy, G.K Pillai and Rindhya.

The serial won several awards at the Asianet Television Awards including Best Serial 2012, Best Script for 2012,2013 and 2014, Best Actor for Sajan Surya in 2012 and 2013, Best Actress for Asha Sarath and Shelly in 2012 and 2013 respectively.

A spiritual sequel of the series titled Karuthamuthu was aired on Asianet from 2014 to 2019. The series is set in a story of another families with Illekettu Namboothiri reprises his role of Satyasheelan.

Crocus sativus
Crocus sativus, commonly known as saffron crocus or autumn crocus, is a species of flowering plant in the iris family Iridaceae. A cormous autumn-flowering cultivated perennial, unknown in the wild, it is best known for the culinary use of its floral stigmas as the spice saffron. Human cultivation of saffron crocus and the trade and use of saffron have endured for more than 3,500 years and span different cultures, continents, and civilizations.
Capitán Av. Juan Cochamanidis Airport
Capitán Av. Juan Cochamanidis Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Capitán Av. Juan Cochamanidis, (IATA: SNG, ICAO: SLSI)) is an airport serving San Ignacio de Velasco in the Santa Cruz Department of Bolivia. The runway is within the town.

The San Ignacio De Velasco non-directional beacon (Ident: SNG) is located on the field.

Santa Cruz Department
Santa Cruz (Spanish pronunciation: [ˌsanta ˈkɾus]) is the largest of the nine constituent departments of Bolivia, occupying about one-third (33.74%) of the country's territory. With an area of 370,621 km2 (143,098 sq mi), it is slightly smaller than Japan or the US state of Montana. It is located in the eastern part of the country, sharing borders in the north and east with Brazil and with Paraguay in the south.

In the 2024 census, it had an estimated population of 3.1 million, making it the most populated department. Its capital city is Santa Cruz de la Sierra. The department is one of the wealthiest departments in Bolivia, with huge reserves of natural gas. Besides, it has experienced the highest increase of economic growth during the last 50 years in Bolivia and South America.
Mademoiselle (title)
Mademoiselle (pronounced [madmwazɛl] ⓘ) or demoiselle (pronounced [dəmwazɛl] ⓘ) was a French courtesy title, abbreviated Mlle or Dlle, traditionally given to an unmarried woman. The equivalent in English is "Miss". The courtesy title "Madame" is accorded women where their marital status is unknown.

From around 1970 onwards, the use of the title Mademoiselle was challenged in France, particularly by feminist groups who wanted it banned. A circular from François Fillon, then Prime Minister, dated 21 February 2012, called for the deletion of the word in all official documents. On 26 December 2012, the Council of State approved the deletion.

Courtesy title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but is rather used by custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title).

In some contexts, courtesy title is used to mean the more general concept of a title or honorific such as Mr., Mrs., Ms., Miss, Madam, Sir for those who have not been awarded a knighthood or a baronetcy, as well as Dr. for physicians who have not actually achieved a doctorate.
Tuggeranong Vikings
The Tuggeranong Vikings are a rugby union club based in Tuggeranong, Australian Capital Territory. It is supported by 4 licensed clubs based in Wanniassa, Greenway, Conder, Chisholm. The club has been successful in local and national competitions.

The Tuggeranong Vikings were the premiers of the ACTRU Premier Division competition in the 2009 season, defeating the Queanbeyan Whites.

Chisholm, Australian Capital Territory
Chisholm (/ˈtʃɪzəm/ ⓘ CHIZ-əm) is a suburb in the Canberra, Australia district of Tuggeranong, named after Caroline Chisholm.

It was gazetted on 5 August 1975, and streets are named after notable women.

It is nearby suburbs of Gilmore, Fadden, and Richardson. It is bounded by Isabella Drive, and the Monaro Highway. Chisholm and Gilmore are separated by Simpsons Hill, which provides some wilderness with walking tracks over it, popular for walking dogs.
Walter de la Haye
Sir Walter de la Haye or de Haye (died after 1309) was an English-born statesman and judge in Ireland of the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries, who served for many years as Sheriff of County Waterford and as Chief Escheator of Ireland, and briefly as Justiciar of Ireland.

He was a man of great ambition, with a passion for acquiring land, but he was also a conscientious official who was held in high regard by the English Crown, which protected him from accusations of corruption. He was also accused of unduly high-handed behaviour as Escheator, in particular taking property into the King's hands for insufficient cause. He became a substantial landowner in two Irish counties. He had children, but his descendants seem to have died out within a couple of generations.

Chief governor of Ireland
The chief governor was the senior official in the Dublin Castle administration, which maintained English and British rule in Ireland from the 1170s to 1922. The chief governor was the viceroy of the English monarch (and later the British monarch) and presided over the Privy Council of Ireland. In some periods he was in effective charge of the administration, subject only to the monarch; in others he was a figurehead and power was wielded by others.
Durpin Hill
Durpin Dhara is one of the two hills (the other being Deolo Hill) connected by a ridge on which the town of Kalimpong stands. The hill is 1,372 metres (4,501 feet) above mean sea level and is located south west of the town. There are panoramic views over Kalimpong, the snow clad Himalayan ranges of West Sikkim, the Teesta River and its valleys and the Jelepla Pass. A golf course has been laid out near the summit.

Atop the hill sits the Zang Dhok Palri Monastery which was consecrated by the Dalai Lama in 1976. The monastery holds in its reliquary 108 volumes of the Kangyur, as well as other holy books and scrolls that were moved out of Tibet after the Chinese invasion.

The Indian Army has a major base atop the Durpin Hill due to its proximity to the international border. Near the monastery, a helipad has been constructed by the Indian Army.

Helipad
A helipad is the landing area of a heliport, in use by helicopters, powered lift, and vertical lift aircraft to land on surface.

While helicopters and powered lift aircraft are able to operate on a variety of relatively flat surfaces, a fabricated helipad provides a clearly marked hard surface away from obstacles where such aircraft can land safely.

Larger helipads, intended for use by helicopters and other vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft, may be called vertiports. An example is Vertiport Chicago, which opened in 2015.
Canonical bundle
In mathematics, the canonical bundle of a non-singular algebraic variety  of dimension  over a field is the line bundle  , which is the th exterior power of the cotangent bundle  on .

Over the complex numbers, it is the determinant bundle of the holomorphic cotangent bundle . Equivalently, it is the line bundle of holomorphic -forms on .
This is the dualising object for Serre duality on . It may equally well be considered as an invertible sheaf.

The canonical class is the divisor class of a Cartier divisor  on  giving rise to the canonical bundle — it is an equivalence class for linear equivalence on , and any divisor in it may be called a canonical divisor. An anticanonical divisor is any divisor − with  canonical.

The anticanonical bundle is the corresponding inverse bundle . When the anticanonical bundle of  is ample,  is called a Fano variety.

Invertible sheaf
In mathematics, an invertible sheaf is a sheaf on a ringed space that has an inverse with respect to tensor product of sheaves of modules. It is the equivalent in algebraic geometry of the topological notion of a line bundle. Due to their interactions with Cartier divisors, they play a central role in the study of algebraic varieties.
Cody Jamieson
Cody Jamieson (born July 17, 1987) is an Iroquois professional lacrosse player. He plays for the Halifax Thunderbirds of the National Lacrosse League and the Six Nations Chiefs in Major Series Lacrosse. Jamieson is a former attackman for Syracuse University, where he obtained a degree in Communications.

National Lacrosse League Cup
The National Lacrosse League Cup (NLL Cup) is the trophy awarded each year to the champions of the National Lacrosse League (NLL).  Prior to 2018, the league awarded the Champions Cup.  The NLL Cup was redesigned in 2024.
1968 Currie Cup
The 1968 Currie Cup was the 30th edition of the Currie Cup, the premier annual domestic rugby union competition in South Africa. It was also the first season that the Currie Cup became an annual competition, having previously been held intermittently.

The tournament was won by Northern Transvaal for the third time; they beat Transvaal 16–3 in the final in Pretoria.

Bulls (rugby union)
The Bulls (known for sponsorship reasons as the Vodacom Bulls) are a South African professional rugby union team based in Pretoria. They play their home matches at Loftus Versfeld. They compete in the United Rugby Championship, having competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020 and the domestic Currie Cup competition.

The side won the Super 14 in 2007, 2009 and 2010, placing them among the most successful teams in Super Rugby history with three titles. They were the most successful team of the Super 14 era (2006–10), winning three out of the five titles. They are the most successful South African team, and the only South African team to win a Super Rugby title.

Formerly known as Northern Transvaal the side has competed in the Currie Cup since 1937 before becoming the Bulls in 1997.
Henry II of Ventimiglia
Henry II of Ventimiglia (c. 1230 – 1308), Count of Ventimiglia, of Maro, Geraci and of Ischia, Lord of Collesano, Gangi and of Petralie, Lord of Gratteri, Isnello, Castel di Lucio, Ipsigro, Fisauli, Belici, Montemaggiore and Caronia, was Vicar General in Marche and the Duchy of Spoleto, on behalf of King Manfred of Sicily, and one of the main organizers of the Sicilian Vespers.

Henry was also the founder of Castelbuono and began the construction of the castle there. Expropriated from the fiefs both in Sicily and in Liguria by Charles I of Anjou, he obtained recognition and restitution with the support of Frederick III of Aragon and the Republic of Genoa. He was ambassador of the Aragonese of Sicily to Genoa in 1300.

Sicilian Vespers
The Sicilian Vespers (Italian: Vespri siciliani; Sicilian: Vespiri siciliani) was a successful rebellion on the island of Sicily that broke out at Easter 1282 against the rule of the French-born king Charles I of Anjou. Since taking control of the Kingdom of Sicily in 1266, the Angevin government had made itself unpopular with its exploitative policies and exclusion of native Sicilians from power.

Sparked by an incident in Palermo, the revolt quickly spread to the majority of Sicily. Within six weeks, approximately 13,000 French men and women were slain or expelled by the rebels, and the government of Charles lost control of the island. Seeking support for the rebellion, the Sicilians offered the throne to Peter III of Aragon, who claimed the crown on behalf of his wife, Constance of Sicily. The Aragonese intervention in the rebellion led to an expansion of the conflict into the War of the Sicilian Vespers.
Kamesha Mumford
Kamesha Mumford is an American politician who serves as a member of the Mississippi State Senate for the 26th district. A member of the Democratic Party, Mumford was elected in a special election in 2025. She is a municipal judge from Canton.

Canton, Mississippi
Canton is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, Mississippi, United States, and is situated in the northern part of the metropolitan area surrounding the state capital, Jackson. The population of Canton was 10,948 at the 2020 census, down from 13,189 in 2010.

The city is adjacent to a large auto manufacturing facility owned by Nissan.
Marvin Comisky
Marvin Comisky (1918–2010) was a major figure in the Philadelphia legal community for decades. Chairman emeritus of the law firm Blank Rome and former head of the Philadelphia and state bar associations, he halted discriminatory hiring practices in Philadelphia law firms, and is one of few attorneys to be regarded as a legend in the profession.,

Comisky was a law graduate of the University of Pennsylvania. He served in the United States Army during World War II.

Bar association
A bar association is a professional association of lawyers as generally organized in countries following the Anglo-American types of jurisprudence. The word bar is derived from the old English/European custom of using a physical railing (bar) to separate the area in which court or legal profession business is done from the viewing area for the general public or students of the law.

Some bar associations are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in their jurisdiction; others are professional organizations dedicated to serving their members; in many cases, they are both. In many Commonwealth jurisdictions, the bar association comprises lawyers who are qualified as barristers or advocates in particular, versus solicitors (see bar council). Membership in bar associations may be mandatory (necessary to practice law) or optional (voluntary) for practicing attorneys, depending on jurisdiction.
Valtos Beach
Valtos Beach is a large crescent-shaped beach that is a 20-minute walk northwest of Parga, Greece. The beach has a 3 km (1.9 mi) coastline that includes white sand with soft pebbles, areas of greenery, and deep, blue waters.

The area has been developed for tourism, with activities such as jet skiing, banana boat rides, pedalo boat rides, and places to rent canoes to explore the Ionian Sea. There are also multiple cafes and taverns scattered around the beach that are open all day, as well as small hotels and rooms along the coast that people can rent.

It can be seen from the peak of a castle hill.

Parga
Parga (Greek: Πάργα, Párga, pronounced [ˈpaɾɣa]) is a town and municipality located in the northwestern part of the regional unit of Preveza in Epirus, northwestern Greece. The seat of the municipality is the village Kanallaki. Parga lies on the Ionian coast between the cities of Preveza and Igoumenitsa. It is a resort town known for its natural environment.
Crannogue
Crannogue is a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the historic barony of Dungannon Middle and the civil parish of Pomeroy and covers an area of 759 acres.

The population of the townland increased slightly during the 19th century:

The townland contains one Scheduled Historic Monument: a Fortified mound (grid ref:  H6839 6762).

Pomeroy, County Tyrone
Pomeroy is a small village and civil parish in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is in the townland of Cavanakeeran, about 8.5 miles (14 km) from Cookstown, 9 miles (14 km) from Dungannon and 16 miles (26 km) from Omagh. The 2011 Census recorded a population of 788 people.

Pomeroy is atop a large hill that dominates the surrounding countryside. From the Cookstown end, the road through the village gradually climbs a gradient up to a village square, The Diamond. The village is surrounded by the Pomeroy Hills. The surrounding countryside is a mixture of moorland and bog land. Stone age and Bronze Age cairns dot the landscape. Pomeroy is the closest settlement to the geographical centre of Ulster.
Bozarmut
Bozarmut is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Yatağan, Muğla Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,237 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated on the Turkish state highway D.550 which connects Muğla to north Anatolia. The distance to Yatağan is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi)  and to Muğla is 22 kilometres (14 mi).

Bozarmut was one of the six towns of Stratonicea in classical antiquity. The capital of Stratonicea was Eskihisar, a village about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of Bozarmut. In 1998 Bozarmut was declared a seat of township.

Stratonicea (Caria)
Stratonicea (Hittite: 𒀜𒊑𒅀 Atriya, Ancient Greek: Στρατoνικεια or Στρατoνικη; or per Stephanus of Byzantium: Στρατονίκεια) – also transliterated as Stratonikeia, Stratoniceia, Stratoniki, and Stratonike and Stratonice; a successor settlement to Chrysaoris; and for a time named Hadrianopolis – was one of the most important towns in the interior of ancient Caria, Anatolia, situated on the east-southeast of Mylasa, and on the south of the river Marsyas; its site is now located at the present village of Eskihisar, Muğla Province, Turkey. It is situated at a distance of 1 km (0.62 mi) from the intercity road D.330 that connects the district center of Yatağan with Bodrum and Milas, shortly before Yatağan power station if one has taken departure from the latter towns.
Shahar Vikas Aghadi
Shahar Vikas Aghadi (City Development Front) is a name that has been used by several local political parties and groupings in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Groups include Shahar Vikas Aghadi in Mira-Bhayendar (existed in 2003), Shahar Vikas Aghadi in Jalgaon (existed in 2002, formed by Nationalist Congress Party leader Sureshdada Jain), Pune Shahar Vikas Aghadi in Pune and Wai Shahar Vikas Aghadi in Wai (existed in 1998).

One group is founded by Sunil More and in April 2023, along with 9 other Satana councillors, he joined the Bharatiya Janata Party. One group of Sawada Vikas Aghadi was deregistered by the State Election Commission in April 2016 while another group's (Shahar Vikas Aghadi, Dondaicha) registration was not extended in August 2016. Earlier in December 2011, the Shahar Vikas Aghadi led by NCP and  Congress won in Talegaon Dabhade.

Suresh Jain
Sureshkumar Bhikamchand Jain,  (known as Suresh Dada Jain), is an Indian politician from Jalgaon, Maharashtra. He has changed his party affiliation a number of times in his political career and has been elected to the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha a record nine times. He is a convicted criminal in the Jalgaon housing scam.

He was a minister in Maharashtra government and was a main conspirator in Jalgaon Gharkul Ghotala (transl. Jalgaon housing scam). The court granted him 7 year imprisonment when found guilty. Due to the scam Jalgaon Municipal Corporation lost 150 crore rupees. It is considered as one of the massive corruption scams in Maharashtra.
Helmuth von Glasenapp
Otto Max Helmuth von Glasenapp (8 September 1891 – 25 June 1963) was a German Indologist and religion scholar specialized as a historian of Indian philosophy, who taught as a professor at the University of Königsberg in East Prussia (1928–1944) and Tübingen (1946–1959). He was a member of several academic and literary institutions in post-war Germany, including the Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung, and PEN Centre Germany.

PEN Centre Germany
PEN Centre Germany is part of the worldwide association of writers founded in London in 1921, now known as PEN International. One of over 140 autonomous PEN centres around the world, PEN Centre Germany is based in Darmstadt, Hesse.
Tây Nam
Tây Nam (Vietnamese: Phường Tây Nam) is a ward of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It is one of the 168 new wards, communes and special zones of the city following the reorganization in 2025.

According to Official Letter No. 2896/BNV-CQĐP dated May 27, 2025 of the Ministry of Home Affairs, Tây Nam after rearrangement has an area of 119.80 km², population as of December 31, 2024 is 56,784 people, population density reaches 473 people/km² (statistical data as of December 31, 2024 as stipulated in Article 6 of Resolution No. 76/2025/UBTVQH15 dated April 14, 2025 of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly).

Ward (Vietnam)
Ward (Vietnamese: phường) is a type of second tier subdivision of Vietnam. As of 1 July 2025, Vietnam has a total of 687 wards.

According to hierarchy of Vietnamese administrative unit, wards are subordinate to provinces and municipalities as the second tier unit.

Currently, to manage the urban areas and their associating families, each ward is divided into neighborhoods (Vietnamese: khu phố; transl. "quarter"), with each neighborhood the most basic organization of population.
John Cheverell
John Cheverell (before 1381 – after 1439), of Chilfrome, Chantmarle and Upper Sturthill, Dorset, was an English politician and lawyer.

His wife was Joan Chantmarle, daughter and coheiress of John Chantmarle of East Stoke and Chantmarle. They had one son, the MP, Walter Cheverell.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Wareham in 1406 and for Dorchester in 1407.

East Stoke, Dorset
East Stoke is a village in the English county of Dorset. It lies three miles west of the small town of Wareham and two miles east of Wool. In 2013 the estimated population of the civil parish was 410.

The Freshwater Biological Association runs a research centre on the banks of the River Frome, from which the Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust runs its research into atlantic salmon declines.
Mittleres Nordfriesland
Mittleres Nordfriesland is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Its seat is in Bredstedt. It was formed on 1 April 2008 from the former Ämter Bredstedt-Land and Stollberg, and the town Bredstedt.

The Amt Mittleres Nordfriesland consists of the following municipalities:

Ahrenshöft

Almdorf

Bargum

Bohmstedt

Bordelum

Bredstedt

Breklum

Drelsdorf

Goldebek

Goldelund

Högel

Joldelund

Kolkerheide

Langenhorn

Lütjenholm

Ockholm

Sönnebüll

Struckum

Vollstedt

Nordfriesland (district)
Nordfriesland (German pronunciation: [nɔʁtˈfʁiːslant] ⓘ; Danish: Nordfrisland; North Frisian: Nordfraschlönj [nɔʀdˈfʀaʃlœɲ] Low German: Noordfreesland), also known as North Frisia, is the northernmost district of Germany, part of the state of Schleswig-Holstein. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia (with the exception of the island of Heligoland), as well as adjacent parts of the Schleswig Geest to the east and Stapelholm to the south, and is bounded (from the east and clockwise) by the districts of Schleswig-Flensburg and Dithmarschen, the North Sea and the Danish county of South Jutland.  The district is called Kreis Nordfriesland in German, Kreis Noordfreesland in Low German, Kris Nordfraschlönj in Mooring North Frisian, Kreis Nuurdfresklun in Fering North Frisian and Nordfrislands amt in Danish.

As of 2008, Nordfriesland was the most visited rural district in Germany.