hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calothamnus schaueri
Calothamnus schaueri  is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a small, spreading, sometimes prostrate shrub, growing to a height of about 0.6 metres (2 ft) with cylindrical leaves 100–200 millimetres (4–8 in) long. It has brownish red flowers from August to December. The flowers have 4 petals and 4 narrow bundles of stamens. (In 2014 Craven, Edwards and Cowley proposed that the species be renamed Melaleuca planifolia.)

Calothamnus schaueri was first formally described by Johann Lehmmann in 1842 in Delectus Seminum quae in Horto Hamburgensium botanico e collectione. The specific epithet (schaueri) honours Johannes Schauer.

Calothamnus schaueri occurs near Albany in the Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest and Warren biogeographic regions where it grows in swamps near granite outcrops.

Calothamnus schaueri is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian government department of parks and wildlife.

Johann Georg Christian Lehmann
Johann Georg Christian Lehmann (25 February 1792 – 12 February 1860) was a German botanist.

Born at Haselau, near Uetersen, Holstein, Lehmann studied medicine in Copenhagen and Göttingen, obtained a doctorate in medicine in 1813 and a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Jena in 1814. He spent the rest of his life as professor of physics and natural sciences, and head librarian, at the Gymnasium Academicum in Hamburg.

A prolific monographist of apparently quarrelsome character, he was a member of 26 learned societies and the founder of the Hamburg Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten Hamburg, now the Alter Botanischer Garten Hamburg). Lehmann died at Hamburg in 1860.

Some of Lehmann's later illustrations were executed by the German entomologist Johann Wilhelm Meigen.
Botanical specimens collected by Lehmann are cared for at institutions including the National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL), Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria.
The Penguin King
The Penguin King (American title: Penguins 3D) is a British 2012 natural history documentary which follows the life of a male king penguin on South Georgia. Released in 3D and 2D, The Penguin King is the second collaboration between Sky, Atlantic Productions and David Attenborough, who wrote and narrated the film. It was preceded by Flying Monsters 3D, screened a year earlier, and was followed by the three-part series Kingdom of Plants 3D in spring 2012. The film features a music score from British composer James Edward Barker.

A new version of the film, Adventures of the Penguin King, was released in December 2013.

"The Making of the Penguin King with David Attenborough", a 49-min making of featurette was also released on TV.

King penguin
The king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) is the second largest species of penguin, smaller than but somewhat similar in appearance to the emperor penguin.

King penguins mainly eat lanternfish, squid, and krill. On foraging trips, king penguins repeatedly dive to over 100 metres (300 ft), and have been recorded at depths greater than 300 metres (1,000 ft). Predators of the king penguin include giant petrels, skuas, the snowy sheathbill, the leopard seal, and the orca.

The king penguin breeds on the subantarctic islands at the northern reaches of Antarctica, South Georgia, southern Argentina, and other temperate islands of the region. It also lives on Macquarie Island in the Southern Ocean and the Falkland Islands.

This bird was exploited commercially in the past for its blubber, oil, meat, and feathers. Today it is fully protected.
Omaha Mavericks men's ice hockey statistical leaders
The Omaha Mavericks men's ice hockey statistical leaders are individual statistical leaders of the Omaha Mavericks men's ice hockey program in various categories, including goals, assists, points, and saves. Within those areas, the lists identify single-game, single-season, and career leaders. The Mavericks represent the University of Nebraska Omaha in the NCAA's National Collegiate Hockey Conference.

Omaha began competing in intercollegiate ice hockey in 1997.  These lists are updated through the end of the 2020–21 season.

Point (ice hockey)
In ice hockey, a player is credited with one point for either a goal or an assist.

The total number of goals plus assists equals total points. In the National Hockey League (NHL), the Art Ross Trophy is awarded to the player who leads the league in points at the end of the regular season.
Dacko
Dacko is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brigette Dacko (1943–2023), Central African public figure, wife of David

David Dacko (1930–2003), first President of the Central African Republic

Didier Dacko (born 1967), Malian general

Ryan Dacko (born 1978), independent filmmaker based in Syracuse, New York

Scott Dacko, screenwriter and director

David Dacko
David Dacko (French pronunciation: [david dako]; 24 March 1930 – 20 November 2003) was a Central African politician who served as the first President of the Central African Republic from 14 August 1960 to 31 December 1965 and as the third President of the Central African Republic from 21 September 1979 to 1 September 1981. He also served as Prime Minister of the Central African Republic from 1 May 1959 to 14 August 1960. After his second removal from power in a coup d'état led by General André Kolingba, he pursued an active career as an opposition politician and presidential candidate with many loyal supporters; Dacko was an important political figure in the country for over 50 years.
Cross-entropy method
The cross-entropy (CE) method is a Monte Carlo method for importance sampling and optimization. It is applicable to both combinatorial and continuous problems, with either a static or noisy objective.

The method approximates the optimal importance sampling estimator by repeating two phases:

Draw a sample from a probability distribution.

Minimize the cross-entropy between this distribution and a target distribution to produce a better sample in the next iteration.

Reuven Rubinstein developed the method in the context of rare-event simulation, where tiny probabilities must be estimated, for example in network reliability analysis, queueing models, or performance analysis of telecommunication systems. The method has also been applied to the traveling salesman, quadratic assignment, DNA sequence alignment, max-cut and buffer allocation problems.

Quadratic assignment problem
The quadratic assignment problem (QAP) is one of the fundamental combinatorial optimization problems in the branch of optimization or operations research in mathematics, from the category of the facilities location problems first introduced by Koopmans and Beckmann.

The problem models the following real-life problem:

There are a set of n facilities and a set of n locations. For each pair of locations, a distance is specified and for each pair of facilities a weight or flow is specified (e.g., the amount of supplies transported between the two facilities). The problem is to assign all facilities to different locations with the goal of minimizing the sum of the distances multiplied by the corresponding flows.

Intuitively, the cost function encourages facilities with high flows between each other to be placed close together.

The problem statement resembles that of the assignment problem, except that the cost function is expressed in terms of quadratic inequalities, hence the name.
Tahnoun bin Mohammed Al Nahyan
Tahnoun bin Mohammed Al Nahyan (Arabic: طحنون بن محمد آل نهيان, romanized: ṭaḥnūn bin muḥammad ʾāl nahyān; 1942 – 1 May 2024) was an Emirati royal family member and businessman. He was the Ruler's Representative of the Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates until his death on 1 May 2024. He was previously deputy chairman of the Executive Council of Abu Dhabi, chairman of the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company and deputy chairman of the Supreme Petroleum Council. In November 2018, the road from Al Ain to Dubai was renamed in his honor.

Supreme Petroleum Council
The Supreme Petroleum Council (Arabic: المجلس الأعلى للبترول) was the highest governing body of oil, gas and similar industry-related activities in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.

Formed in 1988, the Council was tasked with supervising all oil and gas companies that operate in Abu Dhabi. The Council acted as the board of directors for the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company. On 27 December 2020, then-president Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed, the ruler of Abu Dhabi, announced the establishment of a new council, The Supreme Council for Financial and Economic Affairs that would oversee the financial, investment, economic, petroleum and natural resources affairs of Abu Dhabi, putting an end to the Supreme Petroleum Council.
Niclas Lucenius
Niclas Lucenius (born May 3, 1989) is a Finnish professional ice hockey center. He is currently playing with Vaasan Sport of the Finnish Liiga. Lucenius was selected by the Atlanta Thrashers in the 4th round (115th overall) of the 2007 NHL Entry Draft.

Lucenius played for Tappara in SM-liiga from 2007 to 2011. He later reached agreement with Dinamo Riga played in Kontinental Hockey League in the 2011–12 season.

After parts of two seasons abroad, Lucenius returned to Finland during the 2016-17 season, joining LeKi of the Mestis.

Tappara
Tappara (pronounced [ˈtɑpːɑrɑ]; Finnish for "Battle axe") is a Finnish professional ice hockey team playing in the SM-liiga. They play at Nokia Arena in Tampere, Finland. The team has won 20 Finnish league championships, which makes them the most successful club in Finland. The team continued the traditions of the Tammerfors Bollklub.
Coagh United F.C.
Coagh United Football Club is an intermediate, Northern Irish football club playing in the NIFL Premier Intermediate League. The club, founded in 1970, hails from Coagh, near Cookstown, County Tyrone. They play their home games at Hagan Park.

Ballymena & Provincial Football League
The Ballymena and Provincial Football League is a regional football league in Northern Ireland. The league has a Premier Division with intermediate status and three junior divisions: Junior Divisions 1, 2 and 3.
Unidan
Ben Eisenkop, known online by his Reddit username Unidan (born August 9, 1986), is an American ecologist. He became popular on the social media website Reddit as the "excited biologist" who answered questions and explained concepts related to biology and ecology before being banned from the website for vote fraud – using multiple secret accounts to increase the popularity of his own posts and decrease the popularity of competitors' posts.

User (computing)
A user is a person who uses a computer or network service. A user typically has a user account and is recognized by the system through a username. Some software products provide services to other systems and have no direct end users.
Pietro del Donzello
Pietro del Donzello (1452–1509) was an Italian painter.

Donzello was born in Florence.  His brother Ippolito was also a painter. Pietro primarily painted traditional scenes and shields. Some of his other works reside at the Cleveland Museum of Art.

An overlap in stylistic choice from Piero della Francesca can be seen through Donzello's work, most notably with his brushstroke technique and canvas choices.

Cleveland Museum of Art
The Cleveland Museum of Art (CMA) is an art museum in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Located in the Wade Park District of University Circle, the museum is internationally renowned for its substantial holdings of Asian and Egyptian art and houses a diverse permanent collection of more than 61,000 works of art from around the world. The museum provides free general admission to the public. With a $920 million endowment as of 2023, it is the fourth-wealthiest art museum in the United States. With about 770,000 visitors annually as of 2018, it is one of the most visited art museums in the world.
Joe Davis (American football coach)
Joe Davis (born c. 1980) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Western Illinois University, a position he will took over in 2024. He also coached for the AFC Rangers in Austria, Wayne State, North Park, Wheaton, Shippensburg, Northern Iowa, Fordham, Albany, and Eastern Illinois. He played college football for Adrian as a quarterback and professionally for the AFC Rangers of the Austrian Football League, the Evansville BlueCats and the Fayetteville Guard of the National Indoor Football League (NIFL), the Lubbock Lone Stars of the Intense Football League (IFL), the Green Bay Blizzard of AF2, and the Columbus Destroyers of the Arena Football League (AFL).

Evansville BlueCats
The Evansville BlueCats were a professional indoor football team based in Evansville, Indiana.  They were a member of the United Indoor Football Association (UIF).  They debuted in 2003 as a member of the National Indoor Football League.
Alexander A. Voronov
Alexander A. Voronov (Russian: Александр Александрович Воронов) (born November 25, 1962) is a Russian-American mathematician specializing in mathematical physics, algebraic topology, and algebraic geometry.  He is a Professor of Mathematics at the University of Minnesota and a Visiting Senior Scientist at the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
Mark Charney
Mark Charney is an American playwright, theatre educator, critic, and arts administrator currently serving as the Director of the School of Theatre and Dance at Texas Tech University. He is known for his work in theatre criticism, dramaturgy, and playwriting.

He has been involved with the Kennedy Center American College Theater Festival (KCACTF), serving as National and Regional Coordinator for the Institute for Theatre Journalism and Advocacy. Additionally, he spent 19 years as Associate Director of the National Critics Institute at the Eugene O’Neill Theater Center.

He was inducted into the College of Fellows of the American Theatre in 2024 and currently serves on their Board of Directors.

Association for Theatre in Higher Education
The Association for Theatre in Higher Education (ATHE) is a United States–based non-profit membership organization whose mission is "To support and advance the study and practice of theatre and performance in higher education." It publishes Theatre Journal and Theatre Topics, has 23 special interest focus groups, runs a job bank service for its members, and organises an annual conference attended by around 800 people.
1990 Norwegian Third Division
The 1990 3. divisjon, the third highest association football league for men in Norway. From 1991, the third tier was renamed as 2. divisjon.

22 games were played in 6 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Drøbak/Frogn, Elverum, Haugar, Fana, Surnadal and Tromsdalen were promoted to the 2. divisjon. Number ten, eleven and twelve were relegated to the 4. divisjon.

Norwegian First Division
The Norwegian First Division, also called 1. divisjon (Norwegian: første divisjon) and OBOS-ligaen (due to  sponsoring ties with OBOS), is the second-highest level of the Norwegian football league system. Each year, the top finishing teams in the 1. divisjon are promoted to the Eliteserien, and the lowest finishing teams are relegated to 2. divisjon.

1. divisjon was previously known as 2. divisjon (1963–1990) and replaced regional league Landsdelsserien (1951–1962) after the latter was dissolved after the 1961–62 season. The second tier was also prior to Landsdelsserien known as 1. divisjon (1948–1951). Formally, it was a semi-professional league. The tier has been restructured many times and consists of 16 teams at present.
Shaneka Henson
Shaneka Tarae Johnson (née Henson; born July 29, 1983) is an American politician and attorney who has served as a member of the Maryland Senate representing the 30th district since 2025. A member of the Democratic Party, she served Maryland House of Delegates representing District 30A from 2019 to 2025, and as an alderwoman on the Annapolis City Council from 2017 to 2019.

Maryland House of Delegates District 30A
Maryland House of Delegates District 30A is one of the 67 districts that compose the Maryland House of Delegates. Along with subdistrict 30B, it makes up the 30th district of the Maryland Senate. District 30A includes part of Anne Arundel County, and is represented by two delegates.
Sonasar
Sonasar is a village in Jhunjhunu District in Rajasthan, India. Sonasar is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Jhunjhunu. The village was founded by Sona Ram Jat of Bhadia gotra in 1616, who gave the name Sonasar to the village.

The area of the village is 18000 bigha. There are four temples in the village, one of which honors Gogaji.

28°13′N 75°23′E﻿ / ﻿28.217°N 75.383°E﻿ / 28.217; 75.383

Bigha
The bigha or beegah (Urdu: بیگھا, Hindi: बीघा, Bengali: বিঘা)  is a traditional unit of measurement of area of a land, commonly used in northern & eastern India, Bangladesh and Nepal. There is no "standard" size of bigha and it varies considerably from place to place.

On an average, Bigha ranges from 6,806.25 square feet (632.321 m2) to 27,225 square feet (2,529.3 m2). Its sub-unit is Biswa or Katha in many regions, but it has no "standard" size. A bigha may have 5 to 20 Katha/ biswa in different regions, where 1 Katha is usually 1,361.25 square feet (126.464 m2) or 151.25 square yard.
Rawlins Cross
Rawlins Cross is a Celtic band that formed in 1988 in Atlantic Canada. With members from Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Ontario, the band took its name from an intersection in St. John's, Newfoundland.

Atlantic Canada
Atlantic Canada, also called the Atlantic provinces (French: provinces de l'Atlantique), is the region of Eastern Canada comprising four provinces: New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. As of 2021, the landmass of the four Atlantic provinces was approximately 488,000 km2 (188,000 sq mi), and had a population of over 2.4 million people. The term Atlantic Canada was popularized following the admission of Newfoundland as a Canadian province in 1949. The province of Newfoundland and Labrador is not included in the Maritimes, another significant regional term, but is included in Atlantic Canada.
Charmed season 1
The first season of Charmed, an American supernatural drama television series created by Constance M. Burge, originally aired in the United States on The WB from October 7, 1998, through May 26, 1999. Paramount Home Entertainment released the complete first season in a six-disc DVD box set on February 1, 2005, and was released as a high-definition blu-ray on October 30, 2018.

Alyssa Milano
Alyssa Jayne Milano (/mɪˈlɑːnoʊ/ mil-AH-noh; born December 19, 1972) is an American actress and activist. She has played Samantha Micelli in Who's the Boss? (1984–1992), Jennifer Mancini in Melrose Place (1997–1998),  Phoebe Halliwell in Charmed (1998–2006), Billie Cunningham in My Name Is Earl (2007–2008), Savannah "Savi" Davis in Mistresses (2013–2014), Renata Murphy in Wet Hot American Summer: Ten Years Later (2017), and Coralee Armstrong in Insatiable (2018–2019). As an activist, Milano is known for her role in the #MeToo movement in October 2017. She was the replacement of the role of Roxie Hart, and did her own singing in Chicago.
Ira von Fürstenberg
Princess Virginia von Fürstenberg (Virginia Carolina Theresa Pancrazia Galdina Prinzessin zu Fürstenberg; 17 April 1940 – 18 February 2024), known as Ira von Fürstenberg, was an Italian socialite, actress, jewelry designer, and public relations manager for the fashion designer Valentino Garavani. She was a member by birth of the princely family of Fürstenberg and a member by marriage of the princely family of Hohenlohe-Langenburg.

Princess
Princess is a title used by a female member of a regnant monarch's family or by a female ruler of a principality. The male equivalent is a prince (from Latin princeps, meaning principal citizen). Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or for the daughter of a monarch. A crown princess can be the heir apparent to the throne or the spouse of the heir apparent.
Matchmaker (game show)
Matchmaker is a dating show that aired in syndication from September 14, 1987, to September 1988. It was hosted by Dave Hull. Jimmie Walker also hosted for one week of shows. The executive producer and occasional announcer was Bill Armstrong, who replaced original announcer Lou Hunt. Syndication was arranged by Four Star International, in association with Kleinman, Pollard, Hull Productions, and Orbis Communications.  It was based on a long-running Los Angeles radio show hosted by Dave "The Hullaballoer" Hull where listeners would call in to the radio station and ask Dave to find them dates. It was fast-paced, tongue-in-cheek, and fueled by Dave's madcap wit and humor.  The Matchmaker TV show was an adaptation of the radio program.  A reboot of the show with an updated format is in the works for 2021 or 2022 by original co-creator, Gary Kleinman, with new Matchmaker/Host, Jillian Barberie.

Carolco Pictures
Carolco Pictures, Inc. was an American independent film studio founded by Mario Kassar and Andrew G. Vajna in 1976. Kassar and Vajna ran Carolco together until 1989, when Vajna left to form Cinergi Pictures. Carolco hit its peak in the 1980s and early 1990s, with blockbuster successes including the first three films of the Rambo franchise, Field of Dreams, Total Recall, Terminator 2: Judgment Day, Basic Instinct, Universal Soldier, Cliffhanger and Stargate. Nevertheless, Carolco was losing money overall, requiring a corporate restructuring in 1992. The film Cutthroat Island was produced as a resurgence for Carolco, but it instead lost them $147 million, and Carolco eventually went bankrupt in 1995.
Shahapur, Maharashtra Assembly constituency
Shahapur Assembly constituency is one of the twenty-four constituencies of the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha located in Thane district. It is reserved for ST candidates. There is a Shahapur Assembly constituency in Karnataka as well.

It is a part of Bhiwandi Lok Sabha constituency (ST) along with five other assembly constituencies, viz Bhiwandi Rural (ST), Bhiwandi East, Bhiwadi West, Kalyan West and Murbad.

Shahapur (Thane)
Shahapur is a town and census town in Thane district, Maharashtra, India. It is a part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) and is governed by the Shahapur Municipal Council. Shahapur is known for its water reservoirs, historical significance, and proximity to the Western Ghats, making it an important residential and tourist destination.
Winter-over syndrome
The winter-over syndrome is a condition that occurs in individuals who "winter-over" throughout the Antarctic (or Arctic) winter, which can last seven to eight months. It has been observed in inhabitants of research stations in Antarctica, as well as in polar bases such as Thule, Alert and Eureka. It consists of a variety of behavioral and medical disturbances, including irritability, depression, insomnia, absentmindedness, aggressive behavior, and irritable bowel syndrome.

Irritability
Irritability is the excitatory ability that living organisms have to respond to changes in their environment. The term is used for both the physiological reaction to stimuli and for the pathological, abnormal or excessive sensitivity to stimuli.

When reflecting human emotion and behavior, it is commonly defined as the tendency to react to stimuli with negative affective states (especially anger) and temper outbursts, which can be aggressive. Distressing or impairing irritability is important from a mental health perspective as a common symptom of concern and predictor of clinical outcomes.