hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
JSDF Marching Festival
The Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) Marching Festival (自衛隊音楽まつり, Jieitai Ongaku Matsuri) is the main cultural military tattoo in Tokyo, which features guest bands from the Asia-Pacific regions as well as bands of the Japan Self-Defense Forces. It is regularly held at the Nippon Budokan in Tokyo every November. The festival was established in 1963, and is one of the oldest military tattoos in the Asia-Pacific region.

National Defense Academy of Japan
National Defense Academy of Japan (防衛大学校, Bōei Daigakkō), abbreviated NDA (防大, Bōdai) is the national, four-year university-level service academy aimed to educate and train students who will be serving as officers in the three services of the Japan Self-Defense Forces. It is located in Yokosuka, Kanagawa.
Michael Forslund
Michael Forslund (born 22 July 1986 in Mora) is a Swedish freestyle skier, specializing in ski cross.

Forslund competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics for Sweden. He placed 21st in the qualifying round in ski cross, to advance to the knockout stages. In the first round, he finished 4th in his heat, and did not advance.

As of March 2013, his best showing at the World Championships is 15th, in 2011.

Forslund made his World Cup debut in January 2007. As of March 2013, his best World Cup finish was 4th, in 2012/13 at Nakiska. His best World Cup overall finish in ski cross is 24th, in 2010/11.

2010–11 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup
The 2010/11 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup was the thirty-second World Cup season in freestyle skiing organised by International Ski Federation. The season started on 11 December 2010 and lasted until 20 March 2011. This season included four disciplines: moguls, aerials, ski cross and halfpipe.
PICA200
PICA200 is a graphics processing unit (GPU) designed by Digital Media Professionals Inc.  (DMP), a Japanese GPU design startup company, for use in embedded devices such as vehicle systems, mobile phones, cameras, and game consoles. The PICA200 is an IP Core which can be licensed to other companies to incorporate into their SOCs. It was most notably licensed for use in the Nintendo 3DS.

It was announced at SIGGRAPH 2005, and an operational demo, "Mikage", was presented in collaboration with Futuremark at SIGGRAPH 2006.

Futuremark
Futuremark Oy was a Finnish software development company that produced computer benchmark applications for home, business, and press use. Futuremark was acquired by UL on 31 October 2014, and was formally merged into the company on 23 April 2018.
Chapman University School of Law
The Chapman University School of Law (officially the Chapman University Dale E. Fowler School of Law) is a private, non-profit law school located in Orange, California. The school offers the Juris Doctor degree (JD) and combined degree programs including a JD/MBA, and a JD/MFA in Film & Television Producing. The school also offers emphasis options in Business Law, Criminal Law, Entertainment Law, Environmental Law, Entrepreneurial Law, International Law, Trial Advocacy, and Taxation. Currently, the school has 41 full-time and 58 part-time faculty and a law library with holdings in excess of 290,000 volumes and volume equivalents.

Law school in the United States
A law school in the United States is an educational institution where students obtain a professional education in law after first obtaining an undergraduate degree.

Law schools in the U.S. confer the degree of Juris Doctor (J.D.), which is a professional doctorate. It is the degree usually required to practice law in the United States, and the final degree obtained by most practitioners in the field. Juris Doctor programs at law schools are usually three-year programs if done full-time, or four-year programs if done via evening classes. Some U.S. law schools include an Accelerated JD program.

Other degrees that are awarded include the Master of Laws (LL.M.) and the Doctor of Juridical Science (J.S.D. or S.J.D.) degrees, which can be more international in scope. Most law schools are colleges, schools or other units within a larger post-secondary institution, such as a university. Legal education is very different in the United States than in many other parts of the world.
Multiple sclerosis functional composite
The Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC) is a clinical trial outcome measure of assessing the severity of multiple sclerosis primarily used in research. The score is based on a combination of timed tests of walking, arm function, and cognitive ability. It was developed over two years from 1994 to 1996 by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society.

MSFC was developed to improve the standard measure of MS disability for clinical trials and to create a multidimensional metric of overall MS clinical status. The evaluation includes  a three-part performance scale:

Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FT) -  assessment of leg function by moving a short walking distance

9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT) - assessment of arm function using breadboard test

Paced Auditory Serial Addition test (PASAT) - attention/concentration test to assess cognitive functions

An integrated MSFC score is calculated using z-scores.

Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test
Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) is a neuropsychological test used to assess capacity and rate of information processing and sustained  and divided attention.

Originally the test was known as the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT). The subjects are given in the version used as part of the  Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite a number every 3 seconds and are asked to add the number they just heard with the number they heard before. This is a challenging task that involves working memory, attention and arithmetic capabilities. Versions with numbers presented every 2 seconds are also available. The original version presented the numbers every 2.4 seconds with 0.4 decrements for subsequent trials. The PASAT was originally developed for use in evaluating patients with head injury. The advantage in this population was supposed to be minimal practice effects. This test has been widely used in other conditions besides traumatic brain injury.
John Michael Montgomery (album)
John Michael Montgomery is the third studio album by American country music artist John Michael Montgomery. Singles released from this album include "I Can Love You Like That", "Sold (The Grundy County Auction Incident)", "No Man's Land", "Cowboy Love" and "Long as I Live". Respectively, these reached #1, #1, #3, #4, and #4 on the Hot Country Songs charts; "Sold" was also declared the Number One country song of 1995 by Billboard.

The track "Holdin' Onto Something" was also recorded by Jeff Carson on his 1995 self-titled debut album, from which it was released as a single in 1996.

Jeff Carson
Jeffrey Lee Herndon (December 16, 1963 – March 26, 2022), known professionally as Jeff Carson, was an American country music artist. Originally a session musician in Branson, Missouri, and later a demo singer, he was signed to Curb Records in 1995, releasing his self-titled debut album that year, followed by Butterfly Kisses in 1998 and Real Life in 2002. He charted 14 singles on the Billboard country charts, including the Number One hit "Not on Your Love", the Top Ten hits "The Car" and "Holdin' Onto Something", and the Top 20 "Real Life (I Never Was the Same Again)". He retired from music in 2009 and became a police officer.
Mata v. Avianca, Inc.
Mata v. Avianca, Inc. was a U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York case in which the Court dismissed a personal injury case against the airline Avianca and issued a $5,000 fine to the plaintiffs' lawyers who had submitted fake precedents generated by ChatGPT in their legal briefs.

Brief (law)
A brief (Old French from Latin brevis, "short") is a written legal document used in various legal adversarial systems that is presented to a court arguing why one party to a particular case should prevail.

In England and Wales (and other Commonwealth countries, e.g., Australia) the phrase refers to the papers given to a barrister when they are instructed.
Ivan Drach
Ivan Fedorovych Drach (Ukrainian: Іван Федорович Драч; 17 October 1936 – 19 June 2018) was a Ukrainian poet, screenwriter, literary critic, politician, and political activist.

Drach played an important role in the founding of Rukh – the People's Movement of Ukraine – and led the organisation from 1989 to 1992.

Ukrainian nationalism
Ukrainian nationalism (Ukrainian: Український націоналізм, romanized: Ukrainskyi natsionalizm, pronounced [ʊkrɐˈjinʲsʲkɪj nɐts⁽ʲ⁾ionɐˈl⁽ʲ⁾izm]) is the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people and the promotion of the identity of Ukraine as a nation state. The origins of modern Ukrainian nationalism emerge during the Cossack uprising against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky in the mid-17th century. Ukrainian nationalism draws upon a single national identity of culture, ethnicity, geographic location, language, politics (or the government), religion, traditions and belief in a shared singular history.
Left is Change
Left is Change (Sinistra è Cambiamento, SèC) was a social-democratic faction within the Democratic Party (PD), a political party in Italy. Most of its members hailed from the Democrats of the Left (DS).

The faction was formed, mainly by splinters of Remake Italy and Reformist Area, in June 2015. At its foundation, the faction counted around 70 MPs, notably including Maurizio Martina (minister of Agriculture in Renzi Cabinet), Cesare Damiano, Anna Finocchiaro, Matteo Mauri, Enzo Amendola, Paola De Micheli and Luciano Pizzetti. Differently from other left-wing factions, notably Reformist Area, SèC wanted to cooperate with Matteo Renzi, PD leader and Prime Minister.

In the run-up of the 2017 leadership election, Martina and the majority of SèC chose to support Renzi, while a minority led by Damiano and Finocchiaro, endorsed Andrea Orlando of Remake Italy. The followers of Martina formed Future! European Democrats, while those of Damiano re-organised themselves as the Dem Labourites.

Andrea Orlando
Andrea Orlando (born 8 February 1969) is an Italian politician who served as minister of labour and social policies from 2021 to 2022 in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Mario Draghi. From 2013 to 2014 he served as minister of the environment under Enrico Letta and as minister of justice under Matteo Renzi and Paolo Gentiloni from 2014 to 2018. He served as deputy secretary of the Democratic Party between 2019 and 2021.

Originally active within the Communist Party, Orlando became a founding member of the PD in 2007, and has since been regarded as a senior representative of its left-wing. He was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 2006, where he has represented Liguria since.
KOPN
KOPN (89.5 FM) is a non-profit community radio station in Columbia, Missouri, which from its start was modeled on the progressive radio format of KPFA in Berkeley, California. The station relies heavily on volunteers for programming and also carries programming from National Public Radio, Public Radio Exchange, and Pacifica radio.

The station went on the air in 1973, becoming the eighth open-access, listener-supported station in the U.S. and the first to serve an audience of less than 100,000 people.

Pacifica Foundation
Pacifica Foundation is an American nonprofit organization that owns five independently operated, non-commercial, listener-supported radio stations known for their progressive/liberal political orientation. Its national headquarters adjoins station KPFK in North Hollywood, California.

Pacifica Foundation also operates the Pacifica Network, a program service supplying over 200 affiliated stations with various programs, primarily news and public affairs. It was the first public radio network in the United States and is one of the world's oldest listener-funded radio networks. Programs such as Democracy Now! and Free Speech Radio News have been some of its most popular productions.
Francisco Correa
Francisco Correa Hernández (1905 – death unknown), nicknamed "Cuco", was a Cuban professional baseball shortstop, second baseman and corner outfielder in the Negro leagues, Cuban League and Mexican League in the 1920s and 1930s.

A native of Havana, Cuba, Correa made his Negro leagues debut in 1926 with the Cuban Stars (West). He played for the club two more seasons, then played for the Cuban Stars (East) and New York Cubans.

Cuban Stars (East)
The Cuban Stars were a professional baseball team that competed in the Negro leagues in the eastern United States from 1916 to 1933. The team was largely composed of professional baseball players from Cuba and other Latin American countries. They generally were a traveling team that played only road games. From 1916 to 1929, the Cuban Stars were owned by Alex Pompez.

Historians generally refer to the team as the Cuban Stars (East) or the New York Cuban Stars, to differentiate them from another Negro league team also named the Cuban Stars (the Cuban Stars (West)) that existed in the Midwest around the same time.
Seok Joo-myung
Seok Joo-myung (Korean: 석주명; Hanja: 石宙明; November 13, 1908 – October 6, 1950) was a Korean lepidopterist who made significant contributions to the taxonomy of the butterfly species of Korea. He was also a noted linguist and pacifist.

He was born in Pyongyang, Korean Empire, on November 13, 1908. His life had been tough during Japanese colonial era from 1910 to 1945 and a sudden attack took away his life on October 6, 1950. He graduated from Kaesong Songdo Higher Normal School in 1926 and then graduated from Kagoshima Higher Agriculture and Forestry School in Japan in 1929. In 1930, he a biology teacher at Songdo Middle School and worked there for 10 years. From that time, he dedicated his life to butterflies and Jeju research. Korean people call him Korean Fabre, lightening his brilliant achievements in the dark period.

Lepidopterology
Lepidopterology (from Ancient Greek  λεπίδος (lepídos) 'scale'  πτερόν (pterón) 'wing' and  -λογία (-logia)) is a branch of entomology concerning the scientific study of moths and the two superfamilies of butterflies. Someone who studies in this field is a lepidopterist or, archaically, an aurelian.
Special Forces Group (Japan)
The Special Forces Group (特殊作戦群, Tokushu-sakusengun) is the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force's special forces unit, established on March 27, 2004.

Their mission is infiltration into enemy territory, reconnaissance, sabotage, and hostage rescue, and conducting military operations against guerrillas or enemy commandos. The unit is based in Camp Narashino in Funabashi, Chiba, along with the 1st Airborne Brigade.

The SFGp has been referred to as Japan's Delta Force, due to their specialized role in the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. The initial operators trained with the U.S. Army's Delta Force.

The civilian counterpart of the SFGp is the Special Assault Teams of the prefectural police departments under the Japanese National Police Agency.

While current manpower is classified, an estimated 300 operators are known to serve in the SFGp.

Prefectural police
In the law enforcement system in Japan, prefectural police (都道府県警察, todōfuken-keisatsu) are prefecture-level law enforcement agencies responsible for policing, law enforcement, and public security within their respective prefectures of Japan. Although prefectural police are, in principle, regarded as municipal police, they are mostly under the central oversight and control of the National Police Agency.

As of 2020, the total strength of the prefectural police is approximately 260,000 sworn officers and 28,400 civilian staff, a total of 288,400 employees.
Fairfax Symphony Orchestra
The Fairfax Symphony Orchestra is a regional orchestra based in Fairfax, Virginia, founded in 1957.

Currently, the Fairfax Symphony plays at the George Mason University Center for the Arts Concert Hall as well as Capital One Hall. Notable members from past and present include Maestro Christopher Zimmerman, music director since 2009; Maestro William Hudson, music director from 1972 to 2009; Daniel E. Gawthrop who was for three years the FSO's composer-in-residence; and Gregory Rupert, the FSO's principal violist, noted as one of the top viola performers in the United States.

Fairfax, Virginia
Fairfax (/ˈfɛərfæks/ FAIR-faks) is an independent city in Virginia and the county seat of Fairfax County, Virginia,  United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,146.

Fairfax is part of both the Washington metropolitan area and Northern Virginia regions. It is located 14 miles (23 km) west of Washington, D.C. Fairfax is served by  Washington Metro's Orange Line.

George Mason University, located in unincorporated Fairfax County along Fairfax's southern border, is the largest public university in Virginia with 40,185 students as of 2023.
HMS Panther (1758)
HMS Panther was a 60-gun fourth-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 22 June 1758 at Chatham Dockyard.

She served during the Seven Years' War, sailing for the far east to take part in the expedition against Manila. On 31 October 1761 Panther and the Coventry-class 24-gun sixth-rate Argo captured the Spanish galleon Spanish ship Santísima Trinidad in a two-hour action, loaded with cargo valued at $1.5 million.

Panther was fitted as a prison hulk at Plymouth Dockyard from 1807, and was broken up in 1813.

Chatham Dockyard
Chatham Dockyard was a Royal Navy Dockyard located on the River Medway in Kent. Established in Chatham in the mid-16th century, the dockyard subsequently expanded into neighbouring Gillingham; at its most extensive (in the early 20th century) two-thirds of the dockyard lay in Gillingham, one-third in Chatham.

It came into existence at the time when, following the Reformation, relations with the Catholic countries of Europe had worsened, leading to a requirement for additional defences. Over 414 years Chatham Royal Dockyard provided more than 500 ships for the Royal Navy, and was at the forefront of shipbuilding, industrial and architectural technology. At its height, it employed over 10,000 skilled artisans and covered 400 acres (1.6 km2). Chatham dockyard closed in 1984, and 84 acres (34 ha) of the Georgian dockyard is now managed as the Chatham Historic Dockyard visitor attraction by the Chatham Historic Dockyard Trust.
Krissy Moehl
Kristin "Krissy" Moehl (born October 27, 1977) is an American ultramarathon athlete who specializes in trail running.  In 2005, Moehl became the youngest woman to complete the Grand Slam of Ultrarunning, which included a gold medal at the Vermont 100 Mile Endurance Run.

Moehl set the women's record for the Hardrock Hundred Mile Endurance Run in 2007. She holds the women's record for the fastest known run of the 170-mile Tahoe Rim Trail, completing the course in 47 hours 27 minutes.

Moehl has raced in more than 100 ultramarathons and has won several, including the Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc in 2003 and 2009, the Wasatch Front 100 Mile Endurance Run in 2004, and the Ultra-Trail Mt. Fuji in 2013.

In 2015, Moehl published Running Your First Ultra a guide book on Ultramarathons.

As of 2017, Moehl had been the race director for the Chuckanut 50k in Fairhaven, Washington for more than 15 years.

Mt. Fuji 100
The Mt. Fuji 100, formerly Ultra-Trail Mt. Fuji (ウルトラトレイル・マウントフジ, urutoratoreirumountofuji), is an annual ultramarathon sporting event in Yamanashi Prefecture and Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. The race started in 2012, and changed its name for the 10th edition in 2024.

The total distance is 166.6 km with 7,038 m of cumulative altitude gain, and the time limit is 44.5 hours. The race gained recognition as a sister sport event of the Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc, and was affiliated with the now-defunct Ultra-Trail World Tour. Beginning with the 2024 edition, it became part of the Gran Canaria World Trail Majors race series.

As of the 2025 season, the event includes three distances of races:

FUJI 100 mi (approx. 6,254m elevation gain)

KAI 70k (approx. 3,052m elevation gain)

ASUMI 40k (approx. 1,445m elevation gain)
Cromack
Cromack is a surname of English origin. The surname was first recorded in Yorkshire, England.

People with the surname include:

Bernard Cromack (born 1937), former English cricketer

Sam Cromack (born 1989), lead vocalist and frontman of Australian indie rock band Ball Park Music

Roy Cromack (1940–2017), English racing cyclist

Vic Cromack (1920–1984), English professional footballer

Roy Cromack
Roy Cromack (18 February 1940 – 10 November 2017) was a racing cyclist who represented Britain in track races and in international road races such as the Peace Race. He was the first British cyclist to ride more than 500 miles in a 24-hour time trial. He was educated at the Percy Jackson Grammar School and Sheffield University (Maths, Physics).
The Woman Who Had Two Navels
The Woman Who Had Two Navels is a 1961 novel by Nick Joaquín, a National Artist for Literature and leading English-language writer from the Philippines. It is considered a classic in Philippine literature.  It was the recipient of the first Harry Stonehill Award.

It tells the story of an elite Filipina who is hallucinating, and is preoccupied with the notion that she has two navels or belly buttons in order to be treated as an extraordinary person.

Philippine literature in English
Philippine literature in English has its roots in the efforts of the United States, then engaged in a war with Filipino nationalist forces at the end of the 19th century. By 1901, public education was institutionalized in the Philippines, with English serving as the medium of instruction. That year, around 600 educators in the S.S. Thomas (the "Thomasites") were tasked to replace the soldiers who had been serving as the first teachers. Outside the academe, the wide availability of reading materials, such as books and newspapers in English, helped Filipinos assimilate the language quickly. Today, 78.53% of the population can understand or speak English (see List of countries by English-speaking population).
Emma Paddock Telford
Emma Paddock Telford (1851-1920) was an American writer, war correspondent, editor, and traveler. She was the author of several books on culinary and household topics, and also wrote for various publication including New-York Tribune (1898-1901), The New York Herald (1903-04), and New York Evening Telegram staff (1904–11). She served as the household editor of The Delineator, The Designer, The Woman's Magazine, and did other editorial work for World Journal, New-York Tribune, and The New York Times. Telford owned her own syndicate. During the period of 1900-12, she was a lecturer for the New York Board of Education. Telford was the first American woman to cross the Balkans during her 1897 trip covering the Greco-Turkish war of 1897. She hailed from Auburn, New York where she was a neighbor of Harriet Tubman.

New York City Department of Education
The New York City Department of Education (NYCDOE) is the department of the government of New York City that manages the city's public school system. The City School District of the City of New York (more commonly known as New York City Public Schools) is the largest public school district in the United States (and among the largest in the world), with approximately 1.1 million students taught in more than 1,800 separate schools. The department covers all five boroughs of New York City, and has an annual budget of around $38 billion.

The department is run by the Panel for Educational Policy and the New York City Schools chancellor. The current chancellor is Kamar Samuels.