hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dark-eyed junco
The dark-eyed junco (Junco hyemalis) is a species of junco, a group of small, grayish New World sparrows. The species is common across much of temperate North America and in summer it ranges far into the Arctic. It is a variable species, much like the related fox sparrow (Passerella iliaca), and its systematics are still not completely resolved.

Genetic variation
Genetic variation is the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations among the same species.  The multiple sources of genetic variation include mutation and genetic recombination.  Mutations are the ultimate sources of genetic variation, but other mechanisms, such as  genetic drift, contribute to it, as well.
Czerska Struga
Czerska Struga [ˈt͡ʂɛrska ˈstruɡa] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Czersk, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Czersk
Gmina Czersk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Czersk, which lies approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Chojnice and 77 km (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 379.85 square kilometres (146.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 20,548 (out of which the population of Czersk amounts to 9,463, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,085).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Tuchola Landscape Park.
William FitzGuido
Christianity portal

William FitzGuido, a Londoner, and Prebendary of Clondalkin, was appointed by Archbishop Archbishop Henry de Loundres to be Dean of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin  in 1219 and served until 1238.

Clondalkin
Clondalkin (Irish: Cluain Dolcáin, meaning 'pasture of Dolcán') is a suburban village in County Dublin, Ireland, approximately 10 km (6 mi) west of Dublin city centre. It is within the administrative jurisdiction of South Dublin.

Clondalkin is also the name of a civil parish and a townland in the ancient barony of Uppercross, and is also used in relation to some local religious parishes.

The population of all electoral divisions labelled as Clondalkin was 47,938 as of the 2022 census.
Bazzani
Bazzani is an Italian surname most common in the region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy Notable people with the surname include:

Bazzani (footballer), full name Olivério Bazzani Filho (1935–2007), Brazilian footballer

Bazzaninho, full name Oliver Roberto Bazzani (1941–2016), Brazilian footballer

Cesare Bazzani (1873 - 1939), Italian architect

Domenico Conti Bazzani (1740–1817), Italian painter

Fabio Bazzani (born 1976), Italian footballer

Francesco Maria Bazzani (1650–1700), Italian baroque composer

Gaspare Bazzani (1701–1780), Italian painter

Giuseppe Bazzani (1690–1769), Italian painter

Luigi Bazzani (1836–1927), Italian painter, watercolorist, and theater set designer

Loris Bazzani (1984 - present), Italian computer scientist specialized in computer vision

Domenico Conti Bazzani
Domenico Maria Conti  or Conti Bazzani (or Bazzano/Bozani) (Mantua, 1740 - Rome, 19 February 1815) was an Italian painter, bridging Rococo and Neoclassical styles. He is described as a disciple, and adoptive son of Giuseppe Bazzani, who was director of the Academy of Mantua after 1767.
Ernest Warburton (musicologist)
Ernest Warburton (10 June 1937 in Irlam – 7 August 2001 in London) was a noted musicologist who specialized in the music of Johann Christian Bach. His efforts were published from 1984 to 1999 in the 48 volumes of The Collected Works of Johann Christian Bach.

Warburton was also an executive with BBC Radio, serving as Head of Music Programmes (1977–1982) and Editor of Music for BBC Radio 3 (1982–1986) before transferring to the BBC World Service. During this period, he revived many obscure operas, such as Wagner's Die Feen and Rienzi and Puccini's Le Villi.

As general editor of The Collected Works of Johann Christian Bach, Warburton not only edited a share of the music, but wrote out the scores printed in the edition in his own calligraphy.

Rienzi
Rienzi, der letzte der Tribunen (Rienzi, the last of the tribunes; WWV 49) is an 1842 opera by Richard Wagner in five acts, with the libretto written by the composer after Edward Bulwer-Lytton's novel of the same name (1835). The title is commonly shortened to Rienzi [ˈrjɛntsi]. Written between July 1838 and November 1840, it was first performed at the Königliches Hoftheater Dresden, on 20 October 1842, and was the composer's first success.

The opera is set in Rome and is based on the life of Cola di Rienzo (1313–1354), a late medieval Italian populist figure who succeeds in outwitting and then defeating the nobles and their followers and in raising the power of the people. Magnanimous at first, he is forced by events to crush the nobles' rebellion against the people's power, but popular opinion changes and even the Church, which had urged him to assert himself, turns against him. In the end the populace burns the Capitol, in which Rienzi and a few adherents have made a last stand.
The Cardigan Observer
The Cardigan Observer, was a weekly newspaper published mainly in English. It was circulated generally in the towns and villages of Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire.

Welsh Newspapers Online has digitised 640 issues of The Cardigan Observer (1878-1897) from the newspaper holdings of the National Library of Wales.

Welsh Newspapers Online
Welsh Newspapers Online is the searchable digital archive of historic Welsh newspaper holdings of the National Library of Wales. It is a work in progress and,  as of September 2016, over 1,100,000 newspaper pages from 120 newspapers were available free online, comprising over 15 million articles including news, family notices and advertising. The years covered are from 1804 to 1919, and a brief history and listing of relevant newspapers is provided. Copyright provisions are frequently described as "unknown" in the context of an otherwise explicit overall policy.
Revenue stamps of Eritrea
Eritrea first issued revenue stamps under the Italian Eritrea administration. It continued to issue revenues under British and Ethiopian occupation, as well as when it became an independent state. The capital Asmara also issued some revenues.

Italian Eritrea
Italian Eritrea (Italian: Colonia Eritrea, "Colony of Eritrea") was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy in the territory of present-day Eritrea. The first Italian establishment in the area was the purchase of Assab by the Rubattino Shipping Company in 1869, which came under government control in 1882. Occupation of Massawa in 1885 and the subsequent expansion of territory would gradually engulf the region and in 1889 the Ethiopian Empire recognized the Italian possession in the Treaty of Wuchale. In 1890 the Colony of Eritrea was officially founded.

In 1936 the region was integrated into Italian East Africa as the Eritrea Governorate. This would last until Italy's loss of the region in 1941, during the East African campaign of World War II. Italian Eritrea then came under British military administration, which in 1951 fell under United Nations supervision. In September 1952 it became an autonomous part of Ethiopia, until its independence in 1991.
Michael Pacek
Michael Pacek is a Canadian film editor. Pacek has been nominated for three Genie Awards for film editing. He won two Genie Awards for his work on Bruce McDonald's Dance Me Outside (1994).

Pacek is a member of the Canadian Cinema Editors honours society.

Bruce McDonald (director)
Bruce McDonald (born May 28, 1959) is a Canadian film and television director, writer, and producer. Born in Kingston, Ontario, he rose to prominence in the 1980s as part of the loosely-affiliated Toronto New Wave.

McDonald has since directed more than a dozen features films over the course of his four-decade-long filmmaking career. The Hollywood Reporter has called him an "iconoclastic filmmaker". Several of his films, ranging from mockumentaries to horror films, have attracted cult followings.

His most notable films include Roadkill (1989), Highway 61 (1991), Hard Core Logo (1996), Pontypool (2008), Trigger (2010), and Hellions (2015). Hard Core Logo has been frequently ranked amongst the greatest movies ever to come out of Canada.
Communauté de communes des Vals de Cher et d'Arnon
The communauté de communes des Vals de Cher et d’Arnon was located in the Cher département of the Centre-Val de Loire  region of France. It was created in January 2000. It was merged into the new Communauté de communes Cœur de Berry in January 2017.

It comprised the following 12 communes:

Brinay

Cerbois

Chéry

Lazenay

Limeux

Lury-sur-Arnon

Massay

Méreau

Poisieux

Preuilly

Quincy

Sainte-Thorette

Brinay, Cher
Brinay (French pronunciation: [bʁinɛ]) is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France, consisting of a village and five hamlets by the banks of the river Cher about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast of Vierzon.
Michael Gelfond
Michael Gelfond is a Professor in Computer Sciences at Texas Tech University in the United States. He received a degree in mathematics from the Steklov Institute of Mathematics in Russia in 1974 and immigrated to the United States in 1978. Gelfond's research interests are in the areas of computational logic and knowledge representation. He is a Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, and an Area Editor (in Knowledge Representation and Nonmonotonic Reasoning) of the journal Theory and Practice of Logic Programming.

He, together with Vladimir Lifschitz, defined stable model semantics for logic programs, which later became the theoretical foundation for Answer Set Programming, a new declarative programming paradigm.

Answer set programming
Answer set programming (ASP) is a form of declarative programming oriented towards difficult (primarily NP-hard) search problems.  It is based on the stable model (answer set) semantics of logic programming.  In ASP, search problems are reduced to computing stable models, and answer set solvers—programs for generating stable models—are used to perform search.  The computational process employed in the design of many answer set solvers is an enhancement of the DPLL algorithm and, in principle, it always terminates (unlike Prolog query evaluation, which may lead to an infinite loop).

In a more general sense, ASP includes all applications of answer sets to knowledge representation and reasoning and the use of Prolog-style query evaluation for solving problems arising in these applications.
Miss Earth 2009
Miss Earth 2009, the 9th edition of the Miss Earth pageant, was held on November 22, 2009 at the Boracay Ecovillage Resort and Convention Center in Boracay, Malay, Aklan, Philippines. Karla Henry of Philippines crowned her successor Larissa Ramos of Brazil at the end of the event.

The pageant had 80 delegates from various countries and territories that vied for the Miss Earth crown. The pageant's Top 16 competed in both swimsuit and evening gown competitions to determine the Top 8, the first time since 2003.

The Miss Earth 2009 theme was "Green Lifestyle", in which the candidates were involved with environmental causes. The show was hosted by Marc Nelson, Sarah Meier, and Borgy Manotoc.

Karla Henry
Karla Paula Ginteroy Henry (Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈhɛnɾɪ]; born May 23, 1986) is a Filipino-Canadian model and beauty queen. She was crowned Miss Earth 2008, becoming the first Philippine delegate and the first in the Asian region to win that title.
British Championship Basketball
British Championship Basketball (BCB) is a men's professional basketball league. Established in 2025, the competition replaces Division One of the National Basketball League (NBL) as the second-tier men's basketball competition in Great Britain.

Professional sports
In professional sports, as opposed to amateur sports, participants receive payment for their performance. Professionalism in sport has come to the fore through a combination of developments. Mass media and increased leisure have brought larger audiences, enabling sports organizations and teams to command large incomes. As a result, more sportspeople can afford to make sport their primary career, devoting the training time necessary to increase skills, physical condition, and experience to modern levels of achievement. This proficiency has also helped boost the popularity of sports. In most sports played professionally, there are many more amateurs than professional players, though amateurs and professionals do not usually compete.
Aman Singh
Aman Singh is a Canadian politician who represented the electoral district of Richmond-Queensborough in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 2020 until 2024, as a member of the British Columbia New Democratic Party. He is the first turban-wearing Sikh to be elected Member of the Legislative Assembly in BC.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
Camp de Mar, Mallorca
Camp de Mar is  a small resort village in the municipality of Andratx on the Spanish Balearic Island of Mallorca. The resort is 20 miles (32 km) west of the island main airport of Son Sant Joan Airport. The resort's beach has been awarded a blue flag.

Palma de Mallorca Airport
Palma de Mallorca Airport (IATA: PMI, ICAO: LEPA) — also known as Son Sant Joan Airport – is an international airport located eight kilometres (five miles) east of Palma, Mallorca, Spain, adjacent to the village of Can Pastilla.

In 2024, the airport handled 33.3 million passengers, making it the third busiest airport in Spain, after Madrid–Barajas and Barcelona–El Prat; and the fourteenth in Europe. The airport is the main base for the Spanish carrier Air Europa and also a focus airport for Eurowings, EasyJet, Jet2.com, Ryanair and Vueling. The airport shares runways with the nearby Son Sant Joan Air Force Base, operated by the Spanish Air and Space Force.
Bahram-e Choobin Gorge
Bahram-e Choobin Gorge is a historical and tourist site in the mountains of Kabir Kuh near Sheykh Makan village in Darreh Shahr County in Ilam province. The gorge is named after Bahram Chobin, a political leader of late Sasanian Empire and as its leader for about a year (r. 590–591). Based on historical accounts, Bahram Chobin took refuge in the gorge during the rebellion against Khosrow II.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Abba Khel, Lakki Marwat
Abba Khel is a town and Union Council of Lakki Marwat District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It was formerly a Union Council of neighbouring Dera Ismail Khan District. As of 2017 it has a population of 22,092 of which 10,942 are male and 11,150 female, literacy of those aged ten and above was 80.51% for males and 29.19% for females.

Dera Ismail Khan District
Dera Ismail Khan District (Urdu and Saraiki: ضلع ڈیره اسماعیل خان, Pashto: دېره اسماعيل خان ولسوالۍ), often abbreviated as D.I. Khan is a district in the Dera Ismail Khan Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The capital of the district is the town of Dera Ismail Khan. The district has an area of 9,334 km2 (3,604 sq mi) and a population of 1,822,916 as of the 2023 Census.
After the Second Anglo-Sikh war in 1849 the district (which was then part of the Punjab) was annexed by
the East India Company and then became part of British India. In 1901 the district became part of the North-West Frontier Province when the province was created from the North-western territories of the Punjab. This province was later renamed to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Dera Ismail Khan is now one of its 38 districts.
Voyage to India
Voyage to India is the second studio album by American singer India Arie, released on September 24, 2002, by Motown. The album is titled after a track by Arie's idol Stevie Wonder from his 1979 album Journey Through "The Secret Life of Plants".

The album debuted at number six on the Billboard 200 and at number one on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, selling 109,000 copies in its first week. It was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on August 4, 2006. At the 2003 Grammy Awards, it won Best R&B Album, and the single "Little Things" won Best Urban/Alternative Performance. The song "Get It Together" was featured on many film soundtracks, including Brown Sugar (2002) and Shark Tale (2004).

Brown Sugar (2002 film)
Brown Sugar is a 2002 American romantic comedy film directed by Rick Famuyiwa, written by Famuyiwa and Michael Elliot, and starring Taye Diggs and Sanaa Lathan. The film is a story of lifelong friends, A&R Andre and Editor-in-Chief Sidney. The two can attribute their friendship and the launch of their careers to a single, seminal childhood moment – the day they discovered hip-hop on a New York street corner. Now some 15 years later, as they lay down the tracks toward their futures, hip-hop isn't the only thing that keeps them coming back to that moment on the corner.

The movie was released in the US on October 11, 2002, and ran for 16 weeks, grossing $27,363,891 domestically and $952,560 in the foreign sector for a worldwide total of $28,316,451.
Lowrie
Lowrie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allen Lowrie (1948–2021), West Australian botanist

Charles N. Lowrie, American landscape architect

Dick Lowrie (born 1943), Scottish footballer

Donald Lowrie (died 1925), American newspaper writer

George Lowrie (1919–1989), Welsh footballer

Henry Berry Lowrie (c.1844–1847 – disappeared 1872), North Carolina outlaw

Jason Lowrie, New Zealand rugby league player

Jed Lowrie, infielder for the Oakland Athletics

John Patrick Lowrie, American voice actor

Matthew B. Lowrie (1773–1850), mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Philip Lowrie (1936–2025), English actor

Ronnie Lowrie (born 1955), Scottish footballer

Todd Lowrie (born 1983), Australian rugby league player

Walter Lowrie (politician) (1784–1868), US senator from Pennsylvania

Walter H. Lowrie, chief justice of Pennsylvania's Supreme Court

William Lowrie (1857–1933), Australian agricultural educationist

Philip Lowrie
Colin Philip Lowrie (20 June 1936 – 25 April 2025) was an English stage and television actor. He played Dennis Tanner in the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street from its inception in 1960 until 1968 and again from 2011 until 2014.
007 First Light
007 First Light is an upcoming action-adventure video game developed and published by IO Interactive. Based on the James Bond franchise, it will tell an original narrative inspired by the novels and short stories by Ian Fleming, and the film series starring the character. The game will depict James Bond's origin story, as he embarks on the mission he must complete to earn his licence to kill.

Following the release of 007 Legends (2012), publisher Activision had its non-exclusive licence to produce James Bond video games revoked, resulting in an extended hiatus for video games adapting the franchise. IO Interactive announced the development of a new James Bond game in November 2020. The game entered full production at IO Interactive following the completion of Hitman 3 (2021), and was fully revealed in June 2025.

007 First Light is scheduled to be released for Nintendo Switch 2, PlayStation 5, Windows and Xbox Series X/S on 27 May 2026.

Eon Productions
Eon Productions Limited is a British film production company that primarily produced the James Bond film series. The company is based in London's Piccadilly and also operates from Pinewood Studios in the UK.
George Whitehead (Quaker leader)
George Whitehead (1636–1723) was a leading early Quaker preacher, author and lobbyist remembered for his advocacy of religious freedom before three kings of England. His lobbying in defence of the right to practise the Quaker religion was influential on the Act of Uniformity, the Bill of Rights of 1689 and the Royal Declaration of Indulgence. His writings are both biographical and ideological in nature, examining the Quaker way of life.

Preacher
A preacher is a person who delivers sermons or homilies on religious topics to an assembly of people. Less common are preachers who preach on the street, or those whose message is not necessarily religious, but who preach components such as a moral or social worldview or philosophy.
Nerchau
Nerchau is a town and a former municipality in the Leipzig district, in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2011, it is a part (Ortschaft) of the town Grimma. It is situated on the river Mulde, 7 km northeast of Grimma, and 30 km east of Leipzig (centre).

Mulde
The Mulde (German pronunciation: [ˈmʊldə] ⓘ) is a river in Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Elbe and is 124 kilometres (77 mi) long.

The river is formed by the confluence, near Colditz, of the Zwickauer Mulde (running through Zwickau) and the Freiberger Mulde (with Freiberg on its banks), both rising from the Ore Mountains. From here the river runs northwards through Saxony (Grimma, Wurzen, Eilenburg, Bad Düben) and Saxony-Anhalt (Jeßnitz and Dessau, the old capital of Anhalt). The Mulde flows into the Elbe 3 kilometres (2 mi) north of Dessau.

In August 2002 a flood caused severe damage, that even endangered the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Dessau-Wörlitzer Gartenreich" and the city Dessau. In June 2013, another flood caused significant damage in the region.
First to Stand: The Cases and Causes of Irwin Cotler
First to Stand: the Cases and Cases of Irwin Cotler is a 2022 Canadian documentary film written, directed and produced by Irene Lilienheim Angelico and Abbey Jack Neidik. The documentary follows Irwin Cotler and his team fighting for justice and human rights. The film premiered on Human Rights Day, December 10, 2022 at the Cinéma du Musée in Montreal, Quebec.

Natan Sharansky
Natan Sharansky (Hebrew: נתן שרנסקי; born 20 January 1948) is a Ukrainian-born, Israeli politician, professional chess player and author. He served as Chairman of the Executive for the Jewish Agency from June 2009 to August 2018, and currently serves as Chairman for the Institute for the Study of Global Antisemitism and Policy (ISGAP), an American non-partisan organization. A former Soviet dissident, he spent nine years imprisoned as a refusenik during the 1970s and 1980s.
Peter Flora
Peter Flora (*3 March 1944, in Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria) is an Austrian citizen and taught until his retirement in spring 2009 as a professor of sociology at the University of Mannheim. Peter Flora is a son of the Austrian drawer, caricaturist, graphic artist and illustrator Paul Flora.

Paul Flora
Paul Flora (6 June 1922 – 15 May 2009) was an Austrian caricaturist, graphic artist, and illustrator, known for his black ink line drawings. "Flora was one of Europe's most profiled illustrators since the 1960s. He worked for British newspapers The Times and The Observer as well as for Germany's Die Zeit".