hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gümüşpınar, Düzce
Gümüşpınar is a village in the Düzce District of Düzce Province in Turkey. Its population is 892 (2022). The Gümüşpınar Mehmetçik primary school, which has a total of 240 students, opened in 2014 and was renovated in 2018. Some students are coming from neighbouring villages as it is the only school in the region. The bus line from Muncurlu to the Düzce city operated by the municipality passes through Gümüşpınar since 2016.

Villages of Turkey
A village (Turkish: köy, karye in the Ottoman era) is the second smallest settlement unit in Turkey.

The 51 regular provinces of Turkey and 30 province-level metropolitan municipalities are divided into districts.

A 2013 reform converted all 16,803 villages in the metropolitan municipalities, into neighborhoods (Turkish: mahalle) of the districts.

Remaining villages are in the rural areas of the districts in regular provinces, and have about 8.7% of the country's population. Each village or neighborhood elects a muhtar. Some more populous villages have been incorporated as towns (Turkish: belde), but in the others, the muhtar is responsible for all village services.

As of 2023, there are 18,277 villages and 32,261 neighbourhoods in Turkey.
Renato Pasini
Renato Pasini (born 31 July 1977) is an Italian former cross-country skier who began competing in 1996. He won the gold medal in the team sprint (with Cristian Zorzi) at the 2007 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Sapporo. Pasini also has seven individual victories at various levels all in sprint since 2002.

Competing in two Winter Olympics, his best finish at the Winter Olympics was 18th in the individual sprint at Turin in 2006.

He has also finished second in the 2008–2009 Sprint World Cup.

Pasini competes also in ski mountaineering events, amongst others in the Trofeo Mezzalama race, in which he finished sixth in 2001, together with Luciano Fontana and Ivano Molin, and 10th together with his brother Fabio Pasini and Daniele Chioda in 2009.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
DJ Richie Rich
Richard Lawson (born December 24, 1969, in Jamaica), known professionally as DJ Daddy Rich or DJ Richie Rich, is a Jamaican-American record producer and turntablist who was best known as a member of the New York-based rap trio 3rd Bass. He was part of The "Supermen" DJ crew which also included other top DJs such as Scratch, Clark Kent, Miz, Supreme, and Alladin. Rich also appeared in the movie "Juice" in the DJ battle scene, and recorded the scratches for the soundtrack. While working with 3rd Bass, he was one of the first DJs ever to do a DJ trick routine on TV when they appeared on The Arsenio Hall Show.

Lawson attended Farmingdale State College.

Farmingdale State College
The State University of New York at Farmingdale (Farmingdale State College or SUNY Farmingdale) is a public college in East Farmingdale, New York, United States. It is part of the State University of New York. The college was chartered in 1912 as a school of applied agriculture under the name of "New York State School Of Agriculture on Long Island".
Aktuality.sk
Aktuality.sk is a Slovak news website covering current affairs, politics, economy, and lifestyle.

According to Similarweb, aktuality.sk is the most-visited news website in Slovakia. In 2017, the brand launched both iOS and Android mobile applications with an audio player for articles.

As of August 2023, Akatuality.sk is the most visited news website in Slovakia. Headquartered in Bratislava, it is owned by the Swiss media company Ringier.

Ringier
Ringier (German: [ʀɪŋieɪ] RING-ee-ay) is a media group operating in multiple countries with over 6,500 employees. Founded in 1833, the family-owned business manages media brands across print and digital, TV and radio, and is active in the entertainment and digital marketplace sectors. The headquarters of Ringier AG is located in Zofingen, Aargau, with additional offices in Zurich and Lausanne.
Anna Evans Murray
Anna Evans Murray (1857–1955) was an American civic leader, educator, and early advocate of free kindergarten and the training of kindergarten teachers. In 1898 she successfully lobbied Congress for the first federal funds for kindergarten classes, and introduced kindergarten to the Washington, D.C. public school system.

District of Columbia Public Schools
The District of Columbia Public Schools (DCPS) is the local public school system for the District of Columbia, in the United States. It is distinct from the District of Columbia Public Charter Schools (DCPCS), which governs public charter schools in the district.
Vilakazi
Vilakazi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bavumile Vilakazi (1955–2005), South African politician

Benedict Vilakazi (soccer) (born 1982), South African footballer

Benedict Wallet Vilakazi (1906–1947), South African poet, novelist and educator

Herbert Vilakazi (1943–2016), South African sociologist

Nhlanhla Vilakazi (born 1987), South African footballer

S'bongiseni Vilakazi, South African politician

Sibusiso Vilakazi (born 1989), South African footballer

Herbert Vilakazi
Professor Herbert M. Vilakazi (18 May 1943 in Nongoma – 26 January 2016 in Pretoria) was a South African sociologist. He was known for his opposition to South Africa's apartheid system, which motivated him to try to dismantle it from the inside by becoming a professor at the University of Transkei, despite the protests of the African National Congress. He was also a prominent critic of Western medicine, and promoted ubhejane as a treatment for HIV/AIDS.
Mujahid Jamshed
Mujahid Jamshed (born 1 December 1971) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played four One Day Internationals in 1997. A right-handed middle-order batsman, he was called into the squad and made his debut during the 1996–97 ODI triangular tournament in Australia. He was born at Muridke in Sheikhupura District of Punjab.

In domestic cricket, he played for a number of teams, including Gujranwala Cricket Association, Habib Bank Limited, Lahore, Pakistan Automobiles Corporation, Pakistan University Grants Commission, and Sheikhupura Cricket Association.

Pakistan Automobiles Corporation cricket team
Pakistan Automobiles Corporation (sometimes abbreviated to PACO) were a first-class cricket side in Pakistan that played in the Patron's Trophy, the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy and the Pentangular Trophy between 1983–84 and 1993–94. Their most successful era was in the early 1980s under the captaincy of Shahid Mahboob.

In all they played 83 first-class matches, with 20 wins, 21 losses and 42 draws. Their highest score was 201 not out by Ijaz Ahmed against Karachi in 1984–85. The best bowling figures were 8 for 65 by Shahid Mahboob against House Building Finance Corporation in 1986–87. He also took seven wickets in an innings for Pakistan Automobiles Corporation on seven occasions, and in 59 matches for the team took 270 wickets at an average of 27.02.
Joseph Bau
Joseph Bau (Hebrew: יוסף באו; 18 June 1920 – 24 May 2002) was a Polish-born Israeli artist, animator, and writer.  A survivor of The Holocaust, Bau was sent to Brünnlitz labor camp operated by Oskar Schindler. The wedding between him and his wife Rebecca Tennenbaum, secretly conducted in the Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp, is portrayed in Steven Spielberg's movie Schindler's List. He later became known as the "Israeli Walt Disney".

Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp
Plaszow (Polish pronunciation: [ˈpwaʂof]), officially named Plaszow concentration camp near Krakow (German: Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau), was a German Nazi concentration camp operated by the SS in the area of Podgórze and Wola Duchacka near Płaszów, a southern suburb of Kraków, in the General Governorate of German-occupied Poland. Most of the prisoners were Polish Jews who were targeted for destruction by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. Many prisoners died because of executions, forced labor, and the poor conditions in the camp. The camp was evacuated in January 1945, before the Red Army's liberation of the area on 20 January.
The Village, Oklahoma
The Village is a city in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States, and a part of the  Oklahoma City metropolitan area. The population was 9,538 at the 2020 Census.

The Village is an enclave city nearly surrounded in full by Oklahoma City, except where it abuts Nichols Hills. The Village is home to the corporate headquarters of Love's Travel Stops & Country Stores, the OKC Friday community newspaper, and Casady School.

The Village has a City Manager form of government. The City Manager is overseen by an elected Council. The position of Mayor rotates among the Council members.

The Village is represented in Congress by Stephanie Bice, in the Oklahoma Senate by Carri Hicks, and in the Oklahoma House by Cyndi Munson.

Casady School
Casady School is an independent, coeducational, college-preparatory school located in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, founded in 1947 by Bishop Thomas Casady and the Episcopal Diocese of Oklahoma, and a group of businessmen. Casady serves children in grades pre-kindergarten through 12th grade and is accredited by the Independent Schools Association of the Southwest and the Southwestern Association of Episcopal Schools.
Packet Clearing House
Packet Clearing House (PCH) is the international organization responsible for providing operational support and security to critical Internet infrastructure, including Internet exchange points and the core of the Domain Name System. The organization also works in the areas of cybersecurity coordination, regulatory policy and Internet governance.

Internet infrastructure
Internet infrastructure refers to the physical systems that provide internet communication. It includes networking cables, cellular towers, servers, internet exchange points, data centers, and individual computers.
Cécile Ané
Cécile Ané is an evolutionary biologist, botanist, and statistical geneticist whose research involves the inference of evolutionary trees and the evolution of inherited traits, especially for plant species, as well as the mathematical statistics underlying these methods. Educated in France, she works in the United States as a professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, with joint appointments in the departments of botany and statistics.

Mathematical statistics
Mathematical statistics is the application of probability theory and other mathematical concepts to statistics, as opposed to techniques for collecting statistical data. Specific mathematical techniques that are commonly used in statistics include mathematical analysis, linear algebra, stochastic analysis, differential equations, and measure theory.
Schultz v. Wheaton Glass Co.
Shultz v. Wheaton Glass Co., 421 F.2d 259 (3rd Cir. 1970) was a case heard before the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit in 1970. It is an important case in studying the impact of the Bennett Amendment on Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, helping to define the limitations of equal pay for men and women. In its rulings, the court determined that a job that is "substantially equal" in terms of what the job entails, although not necessarily in title or job description, is protected by the Equal Pay Act. An employer who hires a woman to do the same job as a man but gives the job a new title in order to offer it a lesser pay is discriminating under that act.

Equal pay for equal work
Equal pay for equal work is the concept of labour rights that individuals in the same workplace be given equal pay. It is most commonly used in the context of sexual discrimination, in relation to the gender pay gap. Equal pay relates to the full range of payments and benefits, including basic pay, non-salary payments, bonuses and allowances. Some countries have moved faster than others in addressing equal pay.
Maurice Leitch
Maurice Henry Leitch MBE (5 July 1933 – 26 September 2023) was a Northern Irish author. Leitch's work included novels, short stories, dramas, screenplays and radio and television documentaries. His first novel was The Liberty Lad, published in 1965. His second novel, Poor Lazarus was awarded the Guardian Fiction Prize in 1969, and Silver's City won the Whitbread Prize in 1981.

Leitch taught in primary schools in County Antrim for several years before joining BBC Northern Ireland in 1960 as a producer/writer. In 1970, he moved to London to become a producer in the BBC's Radio drama department. From 1977 until 1989 he was editor of Radio Four's Book at Bedtime, until leaving in 1989 to write full-time. In the 1999 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for services to literature.

Leitch died on 26 September 2023, at the age of 90.

Belfast Telegraph
The Belfast Telegraph is a daily newspaper published in Belfast, Northern Ireland, by Mediahuis Ireland, which also publishes the Irish Independent, the Sunday Independent and various other newspapers and magazines in Ireland. Its editor is Eoin Brannigan. Reflecting its unionist tradition, the paper has historically been "favoured by the Protestant population", while also being read within Catholic nationalist communities in Northern Ireland. It has been owned by Independent News and Media, a Dublin-based media company, since 2000, and is the company's only print title outside of the Republic of Ireland.

In 2012 the newspaper moved to being exclusively a morning only publication and, as of 2024, no longer reveals circulation figures (sales figures), but rather releases the number of readers "reached" daily. In 2024, Mediahuis stated that the Belfast Telegraph was "reaching 143,311 readers" per day.
2008–09 Rugby-Bundesliga
The Rugby-Bundesliga 2008-09 was the 38th edition of this competition and the 89th edition of the German rugby union championship. Nine teams play a home-and-away season with a finals round between the top four teams at the end. The bottom two teams determine which club is relegated in an end-of-season decider. The season started on 30 August 2008 and finished with the championship final on 23 May 2009, interrupted by a winter break from early December to late February.

The competition was won by the SC Frankfurt 1880 the previous season.

Rugby-Bundesliga
The Rugby-Bundesliga is the highest level of the league system for rugby union in Germany, organised by the German Rugby Federation.

The league has a mix of professional, semi-professional and amateur players, with four club in the league being officially professional outfits.

From 2012 to 2015 the Bundesliga was expanded from ten to 24 and the league divided into four regional divisions of six teams each. Below the Bundesliga the 2. Bundesliga was organised in a similar fashion. From 2015 onwards the league returned to sixteen clubs.
1848 Naval Air Squadron
1848 Naval Air Squadron (1848 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). It officially formed in the United States at RN Air Section Brunswick, in July 1944 as a fighter squadron. It was quipped with Vought Corsair fighter aircraft. The squadron embarked in HMS Ranee in October for the Atlantic crossing back to the United Kingdom. However, soon after arrival it disbanded at HMS Landrail, at RNAS Machrihanish, in November, its resources shared equally between 1843, 1845 and 1846 Naval Air Squadrons.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.
Kungsbacka Fjord
57°24′4″N 12°3′22″E﻿ / ﻿57.40111°N 12.05611°E﻿ / 57.40111; 12.05611

The Kungsbacka Fjord (Swedish: Kungsbackafjorden) is a fjord and a nature reserve in Halland County, western Sweden. The fjord is about 10 km long. It is delimited to the west by the Onsala Peninsula and to the east by the parish of Fjärås. The rivers Rolfsån and Kungsbackaån empty out into the fjord, which in turn opens to the Kattegat.

The Kungsbacka Fjord Nature Reserve (Swedish: Kungsbackafjordens naturreservat), established in 2005, has an area of 5200 hectares and is included in the Natura 2000 network. More than 240 bird species have been noted, including the common redshank, the yellow wagtail, the tufted duck and the rare smew.

Smew
The smew (Mergellus albellus) is a species of duck and is the only living member of the genus Mergellus. The genus is closely related to Mergus and is sometimes included in it; genetic studies have shown that it is the sister taxon to Mergus and Lophodytes. The smew has hybridised with the common goldeneye (Bucephala clangula).
Shadwell station
Shadwell station could refer to:

Shadwell railway station, a station on the London Overground (formerly Shadwell tube station on the East London Line)

Shadwell DLR station, a station on the Docklands Light Railway

Shadwell and St George's East railway station, a closed station on the former London & Blackwall Railway

Shadwell railway station
Shadwell is a station on the Windrush line of the London Overground, located in Shadwell, East London. The station is between Whitechapel station to the north and Wapping to the south, in London fare zone 2. Both platforms, which are located underground, are decorated with enamel panels designed by Sarah McMenemy in 1995.

Shadwell was formerly a London Underground station on the East London line until 2007, when the East London line extension project converted the station to Overground operation. There is an official out-of-station interchange with Shadwell DLR station on the Docklands Light Railway, located 60 metres (200 ft) walk away.
Finedon Top Lodge Quarry
Finedon Top Lodge Quarry, also known as Finedon Gullet (and in the 1960s documented as 'Wellingborough No. 5 Pit') is a 0.9-hectare (2.2-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Wellingborough in Northamptonshire. It is a Geological Conservation Review site revealing a sequence of middle Jurassic limestones, sandstones and ironstones, and is the type section for a sequence of sedimentary rocks known as the 'Wellingborough Member'. It was created by quarrying for the underlying ironstone for use at Wellingborough and Corby Steelworks; the ore was transported by the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge Wellingborough Tramway.

Wellingborough
Wellingborough (/ˈwɛlɪŋbrə/ WEL-ing-brə) is a market town in the North Northamptonshire, Unitary Authority area, England, 65 miles (105 km) from London and 11 miles (18 km) from Northampton, north of the River Nene.

Originally named "Wendelingburgh" (the stronghold of Wændel's people), the Anglo-Saxon settlement is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as "Wendelburie". The town's market was granted a royal charter in 1201 by King John. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 56,564. The built-up area also includes suburbs Wilby, Great Doddington, Little Irchester, Redhill Grange, Stanton Cross, Waendel View and Glenvale Park.
Cheyenne (Jason Derulo song)
"Cheyenne" is a song by American singer Jason Derulo, released as the second single for his fourth studio album, Everything Is 4 (2015). The song was written by Jason Derulo, Ian Kirkpatrick, Sam Martin, Lindy Robbins, Jason Evigan, Marcus Lomax, Stefan Johnson and Jordan Johnson, while the song's production was handled by The Monsters and the Strangerz and Kirkpatrick.

Jason Lipshutz of Billboard noted the reminiscence of "Cheyenne" to the works by singer Bruno Mars.

Ian Kirkpatrick (music producer)
Ian Eric Kirkpatrick (born September 20, 1982) is an American record producer and songwriter based in Los Angeles. He has produced and written music for many high-profile artists such as Backstreet Boys, Britney Spears, Dua Lipa, Jason Derulo, Justin Bieber, Katy Perry, Nick Jonas, Pitbull, Sabrina Carpenter, Selena Gomez, Shakira, and The Chainsmokers. Kirkpatrick's writing catalogue includes songs which have amassed over a billion streams individually on streaming platform Spotify.

Kirkpatrick is managed by Dan Petel of This Is Noise Management.
Bahirji Naik
Bahirji Naik, was a 17th century a great Maratha spy and head of intelligence department in the army of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Bahirji was honoured with title of "Naik" (transl. Chief) by King Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj due to his great work.

As king Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's Chief of Intelligence, he was very successful in his methods. 
His tomb is currently situated on Bhupalgad (Banurgad) in Khanapur taluka of Sangli district. He was born in the village of Shingave Naik, Ahmednagar.

Not much is or was known about the early life of Bahirji, except that his expeditions and adventures as a spy in king Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's army greatly contributed to the success of the Maratha Empire.

Khanapur
Khanapur known as Khanapura (IPA: [kʰaːnaːpuɾɐ]) is a panchayat town in Belagavi district, Karnataka, India.  It is about 26 km from Belagavi, the administrative capital of the district. The Khanapur Municipal Council governs the town. Khanapur is the headquarters for Khanapur taluk. The town is on the Belgaum-Panaji National Highway,  NH 4A. Khanapur is well connected by train and road to important cities in Karnataka, Goa, and Maharashtra. Kannada is the official language. Khanapur is the birthplace of Abdul Karim Telgi.
Gongzi You
Gongzi You (公子友), (died 796 BC), also known as Cao You (曹友), also known as Yan You (颜友), Cao surname, Yan clan, name: You (友), other name: Fei (肥), he was the founding monarch of Xiao Zhu, a vassal state of Western Zhou. His father was Duke Wu of Zhu, the 7th generation monarch of Zhu.

Western Zhou
The Western Zhou (Chinese: 西周; pinyin: Xīzhōu; c. 1046 – 771 BC) was a period of Chinese history corresponding roughly to the first half of the Zhou dynasty. It began when King Wu of Zhou overthrew the Shang dynasty at the Battle of Muye and ended in 771 BC when Quanrong pastoralists sacked the Zhou capital at Haojing and killed King You of Zhou. The "Western" label for the period refers to the location of the Zhou royal capitals, which were clustered in the Wei River valley near present-day Xi'an.

The early Zhou state was ascendant for about 75 years; thereafter, it gradually lost power. The former lands of the Shang were divided into hereditary fiefs that became increasingly independent of the Zhou king over time. The Zhou court was driven out of the Wei River valley in 771 BC: this marked the beginning of the Eastern Zhou period, wherein political power was wielded in actuality by the king's nominal vassals.