hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
November 2023 Abyei border attacks
On November 19, 2023, Twic Dinka youth and soldiers from the 3rd Division of the South Sudan People's Defence Forces (SSPDF) attacked several villages along the border between Abyei and Twic County, killing over forty-seven people and injuring thirty-four others.

Twic State
Twic State was a state in South Sudan that existed between 2 October 2015 and 22 February 2020. It was located in the Bahr el Ghazal region and it bordered Aweil East to the west, the disputed Abyei region to the north, Gogrial to the south, Northern Liech to the east, and Ruweng to the northeast. The population of Twic State was recorded at 204,905 in 2008, and was estimated at a population of 543,410 in 2014. The capital of the state was Mayen-Abun, with an estimated population of around 2,000 people in city limits.
Heaton TMD
Heaton TMD is a railway traction maintenance depot situated in the Heaton area of Newcastle upon Tyne, England, it is located next to the East Coast Main Line, around 2 miles (3 km) east of Newcastle Central station. Heaton was a sub-shed of Gateshead between 1963 and 1967.

Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne
Heaton is a district and suburb in the city of Newcastle upon Tyne, in Tyne and Wear, England, two miles (three kilometres) east of the city centre. It is bordered by the neighbouring areas of Walkergate to the east, Jesmond to the north west, Byker to the south, and Sandyford to the west. The name Heaton means high town, referring to the area "being situated on hills above the Ouseburn, a tributary of the River Tyne." The area is divided into South Heaton, and High Heaton, representing the north, respectively. For city council elections, the area is split between three wards: Heaton, Manor Park and Ouseburn. Until 1974 it was in Northumberland.
Psittacus
Psittacus (African grey parrots) is a genus of parrots in the subfamily Psittacinae. It contains two species, the grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus) and the Timneh parrot (Psittacus timneh).

For many years, the grey parrot and Timneh parrot were classified as subspecies; the former as the nominate, the latter as P. e. timneh. However, in 2012 the taxa were concluded to be separate species by BirdLife International on the basis of genetic, morphological, plumage and vocal differences; the IOC World Bird List adopted the split in 2014.

These parrots are found in the primary and secondary rainforest of West and Central Africa. They are among the most intelligent birds in the world. They feed primarily on palm nuts, seeds, fruit, and leafy matter, but have also been observed eating snails. Their inclination and ability to mimic speech and other sounds have made them popular pets.

Birds of the World: Recommended English Names
Birds of the World: Recommended English Names is a paperback book written by Frank Gill and Minturn Wright on behalf of the International Ornithologists' Union. It is an attempt to produce a standardized set of English names for all bird species and is the product of a project set in motion at the 1990 International Ornithological Congress. The book is supplemented by a website, the IOC World Bird List, giving updates to the published material.

An 11-page introduction deals with a number of issues that relate to the naming of birds. This is followed by a systematic list, from pages 12 to 211, and a 46-page index. The family sequence is that of the third edition of the Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. The book's cover is illustrated with a photo of a helmet vanga, a bird endemic to Madagascar.: back cover
Alta Via dei Monti Liguri
The Alta Via dei Monti Liguri (AV, literally "High Route of the Ligurian Mountains") is a long-distance  waymarked hiking trail in the Italian region of Liguria. In about 440 kilometres (270 mi) and 44 day hikes, it runs through the arc formed by Ligurian Alps and Ligurian Apennines from Ventimiglia (IM, in the westernmost part of the region) to Ceparana (Bolano, SP, on its east side).

Imperia
Imperia (pronounced [imˈpɛːrja] ⓘ; Ligurian: Inpêia [iŋˈpeːja] or Inpéria) is a coastal city and comune in the region of Liguria, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Imperia, and historically it was capital of the Intemelia district of Liguria. Benito Mussolini created the city of Imperia on 21 October 1923 by combining Porto Maurizio and Oneglia, as well as the surrounding village communes of Piani, Caramagna Ligure, Castelvecchio di Santa Maria Maggiore, Borgo Sant'Agata, Costa d'Oneglia, Poggi, Torrazza, Moltedo and Montegrazie.

Imperia is well known for the cultivation of flowers and olives, and is a popular summer destination for visitors. The local Piscina Felice Cascione indoor pool has hosted numerous national and international aquatics events.
Centenary Methodist Church (New Bern, North Carolina)
Centenary United Methodist Church is a Methodist church in New Bern, Craven County, North Carolina, built in 1904–1905 as an irregularly shaped multipurpose brick complex. The front facade includes a five-bay arcade entrance beneath a low conical roof, flanked by square corner towers of unequal height. It belongs to the United Methodist Church and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Craven County, North Carolina
Craven County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 100,720. Its county seat is New Bern. The county was created in 1705 as Archdale Precinct from the now-extinct Bath County. It was renamed Craven Precinct in 1712 and gained county status in 1739. It is named for William, Earl of Craven, who lived from 1606 to 1697. Craven County is part of the New Bern, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Arvid Adolf Etholén
Arvid Adolf Etholén, or Adolf Karlovich Etolin (Russian: Адольф Карлович Этолин; 9 January 1799 – 29 March 1876) was a naval officer, explorer and administrator in the Russian Empire who was employed by the Russian-American Company from July 1818. He was a Swedish-speaking Finn, born in Helsinki in Finland, which was part of Sweden at the time of his birth, but was ceded to Russia in 1809. Etholén first reached Novoarkhangelsk (present-day Sitka, Alaska) in Russian America in the service of the Russian-American Company in 1818, rising to become Chief Manager of the Company between 1840 and 1845. ("Chief Manager" was a position sometimes referred to, though incorrectly, as "Governor").

Sitka, Alaska
Sitka (Tlingit: Sheetʼká; Russian: Ситка) is a unified city-borough in the southeast portion of the U.S. state of Alaska. It was under Russian rule from 1799 to 1867. The city is situated on the west side of Baranof Island and the south half of Chichagof Island in the Alexander Archipelago of the Pacific Ocean (part of the Alaska Panhandle). As of the 2020 census, Sitka had a population of 8,458, making it the fifth-most populated city in the state.

With a consolidated land area of 2,870.3 square miles (7,434 square kilometers) and total area (including water) of 4,811.4 sq mi (12,461 km2), Sitka is the largest city by total area in the U.S.
Enkare Review
Enkare Review is a Nairobi-based literary magazine established in August 2016, after initial conversations between Alexis Teyie, Troy Onyango, and Carey Baraka. In its short period of existence, it has published Taiye Selasi, Junot Díaz, Maaza Mengiste, Zukiswa Wanner, Namwali Serpell, Richard Ali, Lidudumalingani, Jericho Brown, Harriet Anena, Beverley Nambozo, Leila Aboulela, Nnedi Okorafor, Stanley Onjezani Kenani, Tendai Huchu, Kọ́lá Túbọ̀sún among others, and interviews with prolific African writer Chuma Nwokolo; and The New Yorker's editor, David Remnick.

The magazine publishes fiction, poetry, non-fiction and visual arts from all parts of the globe – with submissions coming from Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya, India, Latin America and the US, but the primary focus is African literature.

Carey Baraka
Carey Baraka (born 1996) is a Kenyan writer of fiction and nonfiction. He was born in Kisumu, Kenya. He studied philosophy at the University of Nairobi. In 2024, he was announced as one of the winners of the Miles Morland Writing Scholarship.
El Corte Inglés
El Corte Inglés S.A. is a Spanish department store chain founded in 1940 by Ramón Areces and César Rodríguez. It is the last such remaining in Spain and Portugal, and has been a member of the International Association of Department Stores since 1998. It is the largest department store group in Europe, and the third-largest in the world.

Armani
Giorgio Armani S.p.A. (Italian: [ˈdʒordʒo arˈmaːni]), commonly known as Armani, is an Italian luxury fashion house founded in Milan by Giorgio Armani which designs, manufactures, distributes and retails haute couture, ready-to-wear, leather goods, shoes, accessories, and home interiors. Among others, Armani licenses its name and branding to Luxottica for eyewear and L'Oréal for fragrances and cosmetics. As of 2017, it is considered Italy's second-largest fashion group behind Prada.

In addition to the couture line Armani Privé, Giorgio Armani and Emporio Armani are the company's ready-to-wear lines that show at Milan Fashion Week. Selling at lower prices are Armani Collezioni, Armani Exchange and Armani Jeans.
Besokatra River
The Besokatra River is located in northern Madagascar.  Its sources are situated near Joffreville in the Amber Mountain National Park, in the Ambohitra Massif, it crosses the Route nationale 6 near Mahavanona and flows into the Indian Ocean.

The water supplies of Diego Suarez depend entirely of water from the Besokatra river bassin.

Antsiranana
Antsiranana (Malagasy: Antsiranana Malagasy pronunciation: [antsʲˈraŋanə̥]), named Diego-Suarez prior to 1975, is a city in the far north of Madagascar. Antsiranana is the capital of Diana Region. It had an estimated population of 115,015 in 2013.
Storm at Sunup
Storm at Sunup is the third album by Italian-Canadian jazz-pop singer-songwriter, Gino Vannelli, and was produced by Vannelli and his brother Joe. Unlike his other albums, Storm at Sunup is a jazz fusion album with much less pop influence, though earlier hits such as "People Gotta Move" and "Powerful People" do show jazz influences. The album features contributions by Graham Lear, who would soon go on to be Santana's drummer.

The title track was chosen by famed choreographer Lionel Blair for use in a dance sequence that was part of a 1976 episode of the television series Space: 1999 titled "One Moment of Humanity". A pared-down, instrumental version of the song was specially recorded for the episode by series composer Derek Wadsworth. Storm at Sunup and Love Me Now were covered by Buddy Rich on his album Speak No Evil.

Gino Vannelli
Gino Vannelli (born June 16, 1952) is a Canadian rock singer and songwriter who had several hit songs in the 1970s and 1980s. His best-known singles include "People Gotta Move" (1974), "I Just Wanna Stop" (1978), "Living Inside Myself" (1981) and "Wild Horses" (1987).
Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002
Denmark was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 with the song "Tell Me Who You Are", written by Michael Ronson, and performed by Malene. The Danish participating broadcaster, DR, organised the national final Dansk Melodi Grand Prix 2002 in order to select its entry for the contest. Ten songs competed in a televised show where "Vis mig hvem du er" performed by Malene was the winner as decided upon through two rounds of jury voting and public voting. The song was later translated from Danish to English for Eurovision and was titled "Tell Me Who You Are".

Denmark competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 25 May 2002. Performing during the show in position 14, Denmark placed twenty-fourth (last) out of the 24 participating countries, scoring 7 points.

Signe Svendsen
Signe Svendsen (born 16 October 1974) is a Danish singer. She took part in Eurovision Song Contest 2001 with the duo formation Rollo & King singing "Never Ever Let You Go" that was runner-up in the competition. She has developed a solo career with release of two albums.
Alternating conditional expectations
In statistics, Alternating Conditional Expectations (ACE) is a nonparametric algorithm used in regression analysis to find the optimal transformations for both the outcome (response) variable and the input (predictor) variables.

For example, in a model that tries to predict house prices based on size and location, ACE helps by figuring out if, for instance, transforming the size (maybe taking the square root or logarithm) or the location (perhaps grouping locations into categories) would make the relationship easier to model and lead to better predictions. The algorithm iteratively adjusts these transformations until it finds the ones that maximize the predictive power of the regression model.

Dependent and independent variables
A variable is considered dependent if it depends on (or is hypothesized to depend on) an independent variable. Dependent variables are the outcome of the  test they depend, by some law or rule (e.g., by a mathematical function), on. Independent variables, on the other hand, are not seen as depending on any other variable in the scope of the experiment in question. Rather, they are controlled by the experimenter.
Kathu language
Kathu (Chinese: 嘎苏话) is a Lolo-Burmese language of Balong (坝聋), Nanping Township (南屏镇), Guangnan County, Yunnan, China. The Kathu are locally known as the White Yi (白彝). Wu Zili (2004) estimates that Kathu has a total of more than 7,000 speakers in Guangnan County (including in Dayashao 大牙少), as well as in Jinping County, Yunnan. Ethnologue mentions a possible presence in Xilin County, Guangxi Province.

A related variety is known as Thou.

Kathu-Thou is notable for having initial consonant clusters, which within the Lolo-Burmese branch are also found in Written Burmese (Old Burmese) and Jinuo (Hsiu 2014:66). Wu (2004) lists the onset clusters pl, pʰl, bl, ml, kl, kʰl, gl, ql, qʰl, ɢl, ŋl.

Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County
Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县; traditional Chinese: 金平苗族瑤族傣族自治縣; pinyin: Jīnpíng Miáozú Yáozú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn, Hmong: Jinb Pingx Hmongb Jot Yid Zif Zhif Xenf) is located in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province, China, bordering Vietnam's Lai Châu Province to the south and Lào Cai Province to the southeast. Jinping is home to the Red-headed Yao (红头瑶族) minority group who wear a pointed red hat on their heads after they get married.
France national Australian rules football team
The France national Australian rules football team (French: équipe de France de football australien), nicknamed the Coqs, represents France in international Australian rules football.

The team wears the colours of the French flag: blue, white and red. The team's symbol is the Gallic rooster.

The Coqs have competed in the Australian Football International Cup three times, debuting in 2011 and returning to compete in the 2014 and 2017 editions of the tournament. France also participates in the EU Cup, and won the inaugural Footy 9s World Cup in 2008 without losing a single game.

Gallic rooster
The Gallic rooster (French: coq gaulois, pronounced [kɔk ɡolwa] ⓘ) is a national symbol of France as a nation, as opposed to Marianne representing France as a state and its values: the Republic.

A rooster, in a different pose, is also used as the symbol of the Wallonia and the French Community of Belgium.
Hebert Conceição
Hebert William Carvalho da Conceição Sousa (born 28 February 1998) is a Brazilian professional boxer. As an amateur, Conceição won a gold medal at the 2020 Olympic Games as well as winning a bronze medal at the 2019 World Championships. Conceição also won a silver medal at the 2019 Pan American Games and a bronze medal at the 2018 South American Games.

2018 South American Games
The 2018 South American Games was a multi-sport event that took place in Cochabamba, Bolivia. It was the 11th edition of the ODESUR South American Games.

A total of 373 sporting events are scheduled to be contested across a variety of sports.
Kei–Tanimbar languages
The Kei–Tanimbar languages are a small group of Austronesian languages spoken on the Kei and Tanimbar islands in the southern Maluku Islands, and on the north side of the Bomberai Peninsula. The languages include:

Grimes & Edwards add the following languages, previously incertae sedis, and rename the family Tanimbar–Bomberai:

Teor-Kur

Irarutu–Nabi: Irarutu, Kuri (Nabi)

Bedoanas–Erokwanas: Arguni, Bedoanas, Erokwanas

Bomberai Peninsula
Bomberai Peninsula (Indonesian: Semenanjung Bomberai) is located in the Western New Guinea region. It is south of the Bird's Head Peninsula, and Bintuni Bay separates the two peninsulas. To the west lies the Sebakor Bay and to the south Kamrau Bay. On the southeast Arguni Bay lies between the peninsula and the Bird's Neck Isthmus.

Sabuda island lies off the western tip of the peninsula, and is separated from the mainland by Berau and Bintuni straits.
S-200 missile system
The NPO Almaz S-200 Angara/Vega/Dubna (Russian: С-200 Ангара/Вега/Дубна), NATO reporting name SA-5 Gammon (initially Tallinn), is a long-range, high-altitude surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed by the Soviet Union in the 1960s to defend large areas from high-altitude bombers or other targets. In Soviet service, these systems were deployed primarily on the battalion level, with six launchers and a fire control radar.

The S-200 can be linked to other longer-range radar systems.

Angara
The Angara (/ˌæŋɡəˈrɑː, ˌɑːŋ-/; Russian: Ангара [ənɡɐˈra]) or Angar (Russian Buryat: Ангар [ˈaɴɢɐr] мүрэн) is a major river in Siberia, which traces a course through Russia's Irkutsk Oblast and Krasnoyarsk Krai. It drains out of Lake Baikal and is the headwater tributary of the Yenisey. It is 1,849 kilometres (1,149 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 1,039,000 square kilometres (401,000 sq mi). It was formerly known as the Lower or Nizhnyaya Angara (distinguishing it from the Upper Angara). Below its junction with the Ilim, it was formerly known as the Upper Tunguska (Russian: Верхняя Тунгуска, Verhnyaya Tunguska, distinguishing it from the Lower Tunguska) and, with the names reversed, as the Lower Tunguska.
Ingende Airport
Ingende Airport (ICAO: FZEI) is an airstrip serving Ingende, a village on the Ruki River in Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The runway is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of Ingende.

The Mbandaka VOR/DME (Ident: MBA) is located 40.9 nautical miles (75.7 km) west-southwest of the airstrip.

Ruki River
The Ruki  (Swahili: Mto Ruki) is a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is a left tributary of the Congo River. It may be seen as the lower reach of the Busira River, which in turn may be seen as the lower reach of the Tshuapa River.
Juan de Araujo
Juan de Araujo  (1646–1712) was a musician and composer of the Early to Mid Baroque.

Araujo was born in Villafranca, Spain.  By 1670 he was nominated maestro di cappella of Lima Cathedral, Peru. In the following years he travelled to Panama and most probably to Guatemala. On his return to  Peru, he was hired as maestro de capilla of Cuzco Cathedral, and in 1680 of Sucre Cathedral (then the Cathedral of La Plata) in Upper Peru (now in Bolivia), where he stayed until his death, and where he trained up to four notable música criolla composers including Blas Tardío de Guzmán.

Upper Peru
Upper Peru (Spanish: Alto Perú; Portuguese: Alto Peru) is a name for the land that was governed by the Real Audiencia of Charcas. The name originated in Buenos Aires towards the end of the 18th century after the Audiencia of Charcas was transferred from the Viceroyalty of Peru to the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata in 1776. It comprised the governorships of Potosí, La Paz, Cochabamba, Chiquitos, Moxos and Charcas (since renamed Sucre).

Following the Bolivian War of Independence, the region became an independent country and was renamed Bolivia in honor of Simón Bolívar.
Dakota Picture
Dakota Picture (transl. Bad film) is a 2012 Indian Kannada-language film directed by Om Prakash Rao, starring Rockline Venkatesh, Nikesha Patel and Doddanna in lead roles. It is a remake of Malamaal Weekly (2006), itself an adaptation of Waking Ned (1998).

Doddanna
S. Doddanna is an Indian actor in the Kannada film industry who has acted in about 800 films. He started his career as a theatre actor. During this time, he entered the Kannada film industry as a character actor.
An Old-Fashioned Christmas
An Old-Fashioned Christmas is the second Christmas album and twelfth studio album by the American music duo the Carpenters, released on October 26, 1984. It is also the second posthumous release after the 1983 death of singer and drummer Karen Carpenter.

Richard Carpenter (musician)
Richard Lynn Carpenter (born October 15, 1946) is an American musician, singer, songwriter and record producer, who formed half of the sibling duo the Carpenters alongside his younger sister Karen. He had numerous roles in the Carpenters, including record producer, arranger, pianist, keyboardist and songwriter as well as joining with Karen on harmony vocals.
De Dion-Bouton
De Dion-Bouton was a French automobile manufacturer and railcar manufacturer, which operated from 1883 to 1953. The company was founded by the Marquis Jules-Albert de Dion, Georges Bouton, and Bouton's brother-in-law Charles-Armand Trépardoux.

Railcar
A railcar (not to be confused with the generic term "railroad car" or "railway car"), or motor car is a self-propelled railway vehicle designed to transport passengers. The "self-propelled railcar" refers to a railway train consisting of a single coach (or carriage, car, unit), with a driver's cab at one or both ends. In its simplest form, a "railcar" may also be little more than a railbus or motorized draisine.

Self-powered railcars were once common in North America; these "motor cars" were often called doodlebugs. Some railway companies, such as the Great Western, termed such vehicles "railmotors" (or "rail motors"). Self-propelled passenger vehicles also capable of hauling a train are, in technical rail usage, usually called "rail motor coaches".
Fannie Jackson Coppin Club
The Fannie Jackson Coppin Club, also known as the Fanny Jackson Coppin Club, was a club for politically active African American women located in Alameda County, California. The club played an important role in community outreach to voters before and after the passage of Proposition 4 in 1911 which granted women in California the right to vote. Many of the women involved in the club were active in the California suffrage movement.

Alameda County, California
Alameda County (/ˌæləˈmiːdə/ ⓘ AL-ə-MEE-də) is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,682,353, making it the 7th-most populous county in the state and 21st most populous nationally. The county seat is Oakland. Alameda County is in the San Francisco Bay Area, occupying much of the East Bay region.

The Spanish word alameda means either "a grove of poplars...or a tree lined street".  The name was originally used to describe the Arroyo de la Alameda; the willow and sycamore trees along the banks of the river reminded the early Spanish explorers of a road lined with trees.

Alameda County is part of the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, and the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area.