hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lephalale Local Municipality
Lephalale Municipality (Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Lephalale; Tswana: Mmasepala wa Lephalale) is a local municipality within the Waterberg District Municipality, in the Limpopo province of South Africa. The seat is Lephalale.

Waterberg District Municipality
The Waterberg District Municipality (Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Selete wa Waterberg; Tswana: Mmasepala wa Sedika wa Waterberg) is one of the 5 districts of the Limpopo province of South Africa. The seat is Modimolle. As of 2016, the majority of its 745,758 residents spoke Sepedi, also known as Northern Sotho. The district code is DC36. The area is adminstred by tribal tribal communities, it consists of 12 traditional leaders in the district: Babirwa, Lebelo Kgomo, Seleka, Lekalakala, Mokopane(Kekana), Mapela, Litho, Ledwaba (Nkidikitlana), Shongoane, Bakone (Matlala), Tauetsoala & Langa.Bakenburg.
HMCS Saguenay
Several Canadian naval units have been named HMCS Saguenay.

HMCS Saguenay (D79) was a Second World War A-class destroyer customized for Canadian service in the North Atlantic.

HMCS Saguenay (DDH 206)  was a Cold War era St. Laurent-class destroyer escort

A- and B-class destroyer
The A- and B-class destroyers were a group of 18 destroyers built for the Royal Navy during the late 1920s, with two additional ships built for the Royal Canadian Navy. The British ships were divided into two flotillas of eight destroyers, each with a flotilla leader.
Nyamhongolo
Nyamhongolo is an Ward in Ilemela District, Mwanza Region, Tanzania.In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 7,429 people in the ward.

In 2021 the new bus terminal for Mwanza was finished in Nyamongoro.

Subdivisions of Tanzania
The administrative divisions of Tanzania are controlled by Part I, Article 2.2 of the Constitution of Tanzania. Tanzania is divided into thirty-one regions (mkoa in Swahili). Each region is subdivided into districts (wilaya in Swahili). The districts are sub-divided into divisions (tarafa in Swahili) and further into local wards (kata in Swahili). Wards are further subdivided for management purposes: for urban wards into streets (mtaa in Swahili) and for rural wards into  villages (kijiji in Swahili). The villages may be further subdivided into hamlets (kitongoji in Swahili).
Better Off Alone (album)
Better Off Alone is the fifth studio album by American rapper A Boogie wit da Hoodie. It was released on May 17, 2024, through Atlantic Records and Highbridge. The album features guest appearances from Young Thug, Cash Cobain, Future, Lil Durk, Fridayy and Mariah the Scientist.

Mariah the Scientist
Mariah Amani Buckles (born October 27, 1997), known professionally as Mariah the Scientist, is an American singer and songwriter. She signed with Tory Lanez's One Umbrella and RCA Records to release her debut studio album Master (2019) and its follow-up, Ry Ry World (2021). She parted ways with both labels in favor of Epic Records to release her third studio album, To Be Eaten Alive (2023), which marked her first entry on the Billboard 200.

Her 2025 singles, "Burning Blue" and "Is It a Crime" (with Kali Uchis), marked her first entries on the Billboard Hot 100 as a lead artist; they both peaked within its top 30. Both songs preceded her fourth studio album, Hearts Sold Separately (2025).
Shah Nawaz Khan (Afghan ruler)
Shah Nawaz Khan Barakzai was briefly the ruler of Herat after the death of his father Sultan Ahmad Khan on 6 March 1863 until his deposition by his uncle Dost Mohammad Khan following the siege of Herat on 27 May 1863.

Herat campaign of 1862–1863
The Herat campaign of 1862–1863 was a conflict between the Principality of Herat and the Emirate of Afghanistan, from March 1862, when Sultan Ahmad Khan captured Farah from the Muhammadzai Emirs and continued through the 10-month long siege of Herat, ending on May 27, 1863, when the city fell to the Amir-i Kabir, thus completing the unification of Afghanistan.
Elite Performance
Elite Performance Gym is a mixed martial arts training organization founded by former International Fighting Championships (IFC) middleweight and King of the Cage light heavyweight champion, Jeremy Horn.  Elite Performance Gym was founded in Salt Lake City, Utah.

Located in the Sandy area of Salt Lake City, it has an overall area of 5,000 sq ft (460 m2) split between MMA training equipment, and general fitness and weightlifting equipment.  Beginner, intermediate, and advanced classes are offered in grappling & submission wrestling, boxing, kick boxing & muay Thai, and strength and conditioning. Horn teaches almost all the classes himself.

Physical fitness
Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations, and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous physical exercise, and sufficient rest along with a formal recovery plan.

Before the Industrial Revolution, fitness was defined as the capacity to carry out the day's activities without undue fatigue or lethargy. However, with automation and changes in lifestyles, physical fitness is now considered a measure of the body's ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, to be healthy, to resist hypokinetic diseases, to improve immune system function, and to meet emergency situations.
Bemba people
The Bemba belong to a large group of Bantu peoples, primarily in the Northern, Luapula, Muchinga and the northern Central Province of Zambia. The Bemba entered Zambia before 1740 by crossing the Luapula River from Kola. Several other ethnic groups in the northern and Luapula regions of Zambia speak languages which are similar to Bemba, but have different origins. The Bemba people are not indigenous to Copperbelt Province; they arrived there during the 1930s due to employment opportunities in copper mining.

Living in villages of 100 to 200 people, they numbered 250,000 in 1963. The ethnicities known today as the Bemba have a ruling clan known as Abena Ng'andu. The traditional AbaBemba (the Bemba people) of Zambia in Central Africa are Bantus.

Muchinga Province
Muchinga Province is one of the ten provinces of Zambia. It is located in the northeast of the country and borders with Tanzania in the north, Malawi in the east, Eastern Province in the south, Central Province in the southwest, Luapula Province in the west, and Northern Province in the northwest. The administrative center of the province is Chinsali.

The name of the province originates from the Muchinga Escarpment, on which it predominantly sits.
Women's Health (magazine)
Women's Health (WH), published by Hearst, is a lifestyle magazine centered on the health, sex, nutrition, and fitness of women. It is published 10 times per year in the United States and has a circulation of 1.5 million readers. The magazine has 13 international editions, circulates in over 25 countries, and reaches over 8 million readers globally. Before its acquisition by Hearst, it was initially founded by Rodale, Inc. in Emmaus, Pennsylvania.

The magazine features multiple sections, such as fitness, sex and love, food, weight loss, health, beauty, and style. Past Women’s Health cover models include Elisha Cuthbert, Ashley Greene, Anna Kournikova, Michelle Monaghan, Zoe Saldaña and Elizabeth Banks.

Michelle Monaghan
Michelle Lynn Monaghan (/ˈmɒnəhən/ MON-ə-hən; born March 23, 1976) is an American actress. She has starred in the films Kiss Kiss Bang Bang (2005), Gone Baby Gone (2007), Made of Honor (2008), Eagle Eye (2008), Trucker (2008), Source Code (2011), Pixels (2015), and Patriots Day (2016). She also received recognition for her role in the action spy film series Mission: Impossible, making appearances in Mission: Impossible III (2006), Ghost Protocol (2011), and Fallout (2018).

On television, Monaghan starred in the first season of the HBO anthology crime drama series True Detective (2014), earning a nomination for a Golden Globe Award. She has also starred in the drama series The Path (2016–2018), the miniseries Echoes (2022), and the third season of the anthology series The White Lotus (2025).
Green Life
Green Life is nonprofit environmental protection and social development group in Myanmar. It was formed by villagers with 48 members in 2011 at Sagaing Region, Sagaing Township, Tabuyin Khwe village.

Now, Green Life's members are 280 youths from the local community. Its headquarter is located in Sagaing Township, Tabuyin Khwe village. In June 2018, the group received an award from State Counsellor of Myanmar Aung San Su Kyi.

Social change
Social change is the alteration of the social order of a society which may include changes in social institutions, social behaviours or social relations. Sustained at a larger scale, it may lead to social transformation or societal transformation.
Buna (Adriatic Sea)
The Buna (Albanian indefinite form: Bunë) or Bojana (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Бојана), is a 41-kilometre-long (25 mi) river in Albania and Montenegro which flows into the Adriatic Sea. An outflow of Lake Skadar measured from the source of the lake's longest tributary, the Morača, the Morača-Shkodra Lake-Bojana system is 183 km (114 mi) long.

Montenegrin alphabet
The Montenegrin alphabet is the collective name given to "Abeceda" (Montenegrin Latin alphabet; Абецеда in Cyrillic) and "Азбука" (Montenegrin Cyrillic alphabet; Azbuka in Latin), the writing systems used to write the Montenegrin language. It was adopted on 9 June 2009 by the Montenegrin Minister of Education, Sreten Škuletić and replaced the Serbian Cyrillic and Gaj's Latin alphabets in use at the time.

There is a one-to-one correspondence between the two alphabets, and words are usually spelled so that they work in both.

Although the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets enjoy equal status under the Constitution of Montenegro, the government and proponents of the Montenegrin language prefer to use the Latin script exclusively; it is also much more widely used in all aspects of the day-to-day written communication in the country, in education, advertising and media.
Canton of Montlouis-sur-Loire
The canton of Montlouis-sur-Loire is an administrative division of the Indre-et-Loire department, central France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Montlouis-sur-Loire.

It consists of the following communes:

Chambray-lès-Tours

Larçay

Montlouis-sur-Loire

Véretz

La Ville-aux-Dames

Chambray-lès-Tours
Chambray-lès-Tours (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃bʁɛ lɛ tuʁ] ⓘ, literally Chambray near Tours) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department, central France. It is the birthplace of professional footballers Mikaël Silvestre and Adam Ounas.
Arataki Visitor Centre
Arataki Visitor Centre is a tourism and education centre in West Auckland, New Zealand, often described as the gateway to the Waitākere Ranges. The centre provides information about the Waitākere Ranges, and organises educational events.

Kauri dieback
Kauri dieback is a forest dieback disease of the native kauri trees (Agathis australis) of New Zealand that is suspected to be caused by the oomycete Phytophthora agathidicida. Symptoms can include root rot and associated rot in a collar around the base of the tree, bleeding resin, yellowing and chlorosis of the leaves followed by extensive defoliation, and finally, death.
Solfilmen
Solfilmen (lit. 'The sun film') is a short animated presentation of the weekly sunrise and sunset times for locations in Sweden, broadcast by Sveriges Television since 1963.

It is broadcast once a week as part of the news programme Aktuellt on SVT2, from the first Friday after Kiruna's first sunrise of the year to Midsummer. It shows the sunrise and sunset times for Lund, Stockholm, Lycksele, and Kiruna. The animation shows a Sun rising and over Sweden, and setting into a bed of clouds. The background music is an instrumental version of French traditional song Le fiacre, by Léon Xanrof.

Solfilmen was first shown in March 1963 in black and white, and stopped broadcasting by Midsummer 1963, returning January 1969 in color format. Initially, sunrise and sunset times for Stockholm, Lund and Luleå were given.

Later, in 2002, SVT changed the cities in the list by replacing Luleå with Kiruna,  and again in 2008, adding Lycksele.

Lycksele
Lycksele (Swedish: [ˈlʏ̌kːsɛlɛ]; Southern Sami: Liksjoe; Ume Sami: Likssjuo) is a locality and the seat of Lycksele Municipality in Västerbotten County, province of Lapland, Sweden with 8,513 inhabitants in 2010.
Scottish music (1980–1989)
During the 1980s, Scottish music featured post-punk bands exemplified by Simple Minds and Josef K, and bands like Runrig that remained closer to the Scottish dance music tradition. Folk rock or Celtic rock bands launched in the 1980s included The Waterboys and The Proclaimers. Among the folk singers of the time were Dick Gaughan and Bill Drummond, and Ewan MacColl who died in 1989.

Ewan MacColl
James Henry Miller (25 January 1915 – 22 October 1989), better known by his stage name Ewan MacColl, was a British folk singer-songwriter, folk song collector, labour activist and actor. Born in England to Scottish parents, he was one of the originators of the 1960s folk revival and wrote such songs as "The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face" and "Dirty Old Town".

MacColl collected hundreds of traditional folk songs including the version of "Scarborough Fair" later popularised by Simon & Garfunkel, and released dozens of albums with A.L. Lloyd, Peggy Seeger and others, mostly of traditional folk songs. He also wrote many left-wing political songs, remaining a steadfast communist throughout his life and actively engaging in political activism.
Rembert S. Truluck
Rembert S. Truluck (1934–2008) was a gay theologian, Bible teacher, preacher, writer and pastor who served in Metropolitan Community Churches (MCC) in Atlanta, San Francisco, and Nashville between 1988 and 1996. He was the author of Invitation To Freedom (1993) and Steps to Recovery from Bible Abuse (2000).

Truluck was born in Clinton, South Carolina. He attended Furman University and earned a doctorate in Sacred Theology. He served from 1953 to 1973 as Southern Baptist preacher and was a professor at Baptist College at Charleston (now Charleston Southern University). After being outed to the college's Board of Trustees, he resigned  and became a pastor of MCC.

He was also interviewed in the 1993 documentary One Nation Under God.

He was working on his next book Will The Real Jesus Please Stand Up? at the time of his death from natural causes on November 14, 2008, at age 74.

Clinton, South Carolina
Clinton  is a city in Laurens County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 7,633 as of the 2020 census. It is part of the Greenville–Mauldin–Easley Metropolitan Statistical Area in upstate South Carolina. Clinton is the home of Presbyterian College.
Abdellia Palace
Abdellia Palace (Arabic: قصر العبدلية) is a palace located in La Marsa, a town in the northern suburbs of the capital of Tunisia, Tunis.

It is built  in 1500 (905 AH) by Abu Abdallah Muhammad IV al-Mutawakkil when he was in power. In the 17th and 18th century it became a summer residence for the Muradids and Husainids and a fortified shelter from external threats.

Among personalities who inhabited the palace, Mahmud ibn Muhammad (1814–1824), his son Al-Husayn II ibn Mahmud and the British consuls Richard Wood and Thomas Reade can be cited.

Palace gate

Palace patio

Interior view

Mahmud ibn Muhammad
Mahmud ibn Muhammad (Arabic: محمود الأول بن محمد), commonly referred to as Mahmoud Bey (Arabic: محمود باي ;  10 July 1757 – 28 March 1824) was the seventh leader of the Husainid Dynasty and the ruler of Tunisia from 1814 until his death in 1824.
 His father was Muhammad I ar-Rashid.
Vatsvatnet
Vatsvatnet is a lake in Vindafjord Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The 2.16-square-kilometre (0.83 sq mi) lake lies south of the European route E134 highway and north of the village of Vats. The long, narrow lake is 5.8 kilometres (3.6 mi) long, and has a maximum width of 900 metres (3,000 ft). The primary outflow of the lake is the river Åmselva which flows south into the Vatsfjorden.

Rogaland
Rogaland (Norwegian: [ˈrûːɡɑlɑn] ⓘ) is a county in Western Norway, bordering the North Sea to the west and the counties of Vestland to the north, Telemark to the east and Agder to the east and southeast. As of 1 January 2024, it had a population of 499,417 people.

The administrative centre of the county is the city of Stavanger, which is the third largest city in Norway.
LNER Class A2
The first London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) Class A2 was a class of 4-6-2 steam locomotive designed by Vincent Raven for the North Eastern Railway (as NER class 4.6.2). Two were built by the NER in 1922 before the grouping and another three by the LNER in 1924.  Their LNER numbers were 2400–2404. All five locomotives were named by the LNER.

Pascal (unit)
The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI). It is also used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength. The unit, named after Blaise Pascal, is an SI coherent derived unit defined as one newton per square metre (N/m2). It is also equivalent to 10 barye (10 Ba) in the CGS system. Common multiple units of the pascal are the hectopascal (1 hPa = 100 Pa), which is equal to one millibar, and the kilopascal (1 kPa = 1,000 Pa), which is equal to one centibar.

The unit of measurement called standard atmosphere (atm) is defined as 101325 Pa.
Meteorological observations typically report atmospheric pressure in hectopascals per the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization, thus a standard atmosphere or typical sea-level air pressure is about 1,013 hPa. Reports in the United States typically use inches of mercury or millibars (hectopascals). In Canada, these reports are given in kilopascals.
Cottus altaicus
Cottus altaicus is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. It is endemic to western Siberia in Russia.  Its range includes the Irtysh River basin in the Altai region. It reaches a maximum length of 8.1 cm. It was previously considered a subspecies of the alpine bullhead (Cottus poecilopus).

Irtysh
The Irtysh (/ɜːrˈtɪʃ, ˈɪərtɪʃ/) is a river in Russia, China, and Kazakhstan. It is the chief tributary of the Ob and is also the longest tributary in the world.

The river's source lies in the Mongolian Altai in Dzungaria (the northern part of Xinjiang, China) close to the border with Mongolia.

The Irtysh's main tributaries include the Tobol, Demyanka and the Ishim. The Ob-Irtysh system forms a major drainage basin in Asia, encompassing most of Western Siberia and the Altai Mountains.
Uvariopsis congolana
Uvariopsis congolana is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to
Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo. Émile De Wildeman, the botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Thonnera congolana, named it after the Belgian Congo now called the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where the specimens he examined were collected near Makanza (then called Bangala) and Yambuya.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Lexington Barbecue Festival
The Lexington Barbecue Festival is a one-day food festival held each October in Lexington, North Carolina, the "Barbecue Capital of the World."  Each year it attracts as many as 200,000 visitors to the uptown Lexington area to sample the different foods from up to 20 different area restaurants, dozens of visiting food vendors, and hundreds of other vendors.

The annual event is listed in the book 1000 Places to See in the USA & Canada Before-You-Die, a part of the series based on the best-selling 1,000 Places to See Before You Die.  In 2012, the U.S. News & World Report ranked Lexington as #4 on its list of the best cities for barbecue.

The 2025 festival will be held on October 25.

1,000 Places to See Before You Die
1,000 Places to See Before You Die is a 2003
travel book by Patricia Schultz, published by Workman. A revised edition was published in November 2011. The new edition is in color.  An iPad app debuted in December 2011.

According to Schultz, she began work on the book in 1995 and finished it about 8 years later. She claims to have visited ~80% of the places she lists in each book.

One reviewer praised its wide ranges and images, but criticized the book for a lack of originality, featuring for example the Eiffel Tower.

On March 29, 2007, the Travel Channel premiered a series based on the book's locations, called 1,000 Places to See Before You Die. Patricia Schultz published a follow-up edition in 2007 called 1,000 Places to See in the USA and Canada Before You Die, describing her process in creating as more methodical than in the first.
Electric sail
An electric sail (also known as an electric solar wind sail or an E-sail) is a proposed form of spacecraft propulsion using the dynamic pressure of the solar wind as a source of thrust. It creates a "virtual" sail by using small wires to form an electric field that deflects solar wind protons and extracts their momentum. The idea was first conceptualised by Pekka Janhunen in 2006 at the Finnish Meteorological Institute.

Dynamic pressure
In fluid dynamics, dynamic pressure (denoted by q or Q and sometimes called velocity pressure) is the quantity defined by:

where (in SI units):

q is the dynamic pressure in pascals (i.e., N/m2),

ρ (Greek letter rho) is the fluid mass density (e.g. in kg/m3), and

u is the flow speed in m/s.

It can be thought of as the fluid's kinetic energy per unit volume.

For incompressible flow, the dynamic pressure of a fluid is the difference between its total pressure and static pressure. From Bernoulli's law, dynamic pressure is given by

where p0 and ps are the total and static pressures, respectively.
The Chesapeake Shakespeare Company
The Chesapeake Shakespeare Company (CSC) is a theatre company based in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 2002 by Ian Gallanar and Heidi Busch-Gallanar, the Chesapeake Shakespeare Company has grown into one of the twenty largest Shakespeare theaters in the United States under the leadership of founding artistic director Ian Gallanar and producing executive director Lesley Malin. The company has performance spaces in Baltimore and Ellicott City, Maryland. Its main indoor space, the Chesapeake Shakespeare Company Theater, opened in 2014. They perform outdoor every summer at the Patapsco Female Institute Historic Park in Ellicott City, Maryland.

Artistic director
An artistic director is the executive of an arts organization, particularly in a theatre company or dance company, who handles the organization's artistic direction. They are generally a producer and director, but not in the sense of a mogul, since the organization is generally a non-profit organization. The artistic director of a theatre company is the individual with the overarching artistic control of the theatre's production choices, directorial choices, and overall artistic vision.  In smaller theatres, the artistic director may be the founder of the theatre and the primary director of its plays.  In larger non-profit theatres (often known in Canada and the United States as regional theatres), the artistic director may be appointed by the board of directors.