hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al-Salih Tala'i Mosque
The al-Salih Tala'i Mosque (Arabic: مسجد الصالح طلائع) is a mosque located in Al-Darb al-Ahmar, south of Bab Zuweila, just outside the southern entrance to Islamic Cairo, Egypt. The mosque was built by the Fatimid vizier, Tala'i ibn Ruzzik in 1160 CE.

Chamfer
A chamfer (/ˈ(t)ʃæmfər/ SHAM-fər, CHAM-) is a transitional edge between two faces of an object.  Sometimes defined as a form of bevel, it is often created at a 45° angle between two adjoining right-angled faces.

Chamfers are frequently used in machining, carpentry, furniture, concrete formwork, mirrors, and to facilitate assembly of many mechanical engineering designs.
Black Butte (Siskiyou County, California)
Black Butte (formerly Wintoon Butte, Cone Mountain, Sugar Loaf and Muir's Peak) is a cluster of overlapping dacite lava domes in a butte,
a satellite cone of Mount Shasta.  It is located directly adjacent to the northbound lanes of Interstate 5 at milepost 742 between the cities of Mount Shasta and Weed, California. The I-5 freeway crosses a 3,912 ft (1,192 m) pass, Black Butte Summit, at the western base of the lava domes. The lava domes were extruded at the foot of the cone of Shastina following the period of its major eruptions about 9,000–10,000 years ago.

Butte
In geomorphology, a butte (/bjuːt/ BEWT) is an isolated hill with steep, often vertical sides and a small, relatively flat top; buttes are smaller landforms than mesas, plateaus, and tablelands. The word butte comes from the French word butte (French: [byt]), meaning 'knoll' (of any size); its use is prevalent in the Western United States, including the Southwest, where mesa (Spanish for 'table') is used for the larger landform.

Due to their distinctive shapes, buttes are frequently landmarks in plains and mountainous areas. To differentiate the two landforms, geographers use the rule of thumb that a mesa has a top that is wider than its height, while a butte has a top that is narrower than its height.
Siege of Namur (1692)
The siege of Namur, 25 May–30 June 1692, was a major engagement of the Nine Years' War, and was part of the French grand plan (devised over the winter of 1691–92) to defeat the forces of the Grand Alliance and bring a swift conclusion to the war. Namur, sitting on the confluence of the Meuse and Sambre rivers, was a considerable fortress, and was a significant political and military asset. French forces, guided by Vauban, forced the town's surrender on 5 June, but the citadel, staunchly defended by Menno van Coehoorn, managed to hold on until 30 June before capitulating, bringing an end to the 36-day siege. Concerned that King William III planned to recapture the stronghold, King Louis XIV subsequently ordered his commander-in-chief, the duc de Luxembourg, to join battle with the Allies in the field, resulting in the bloody Battle of Steenkerque on 3 August.

Meuse
The Meuse or Maas is a major European river, rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea from the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta. It has a total length of 925 km (575 miles).
Hank Hanegraaff
Hendrik "Hank" Hanegraaff (born 1950), also known as the "Bible Answer Man", is an American Christian author and radio talk-show host.  Formerly an evangelical Protestant, he joined the Eastern Orthodox Church in 2017. He is an outspoken figure within the Christian countercult movement, where he has established a reputation for his critiques of non-Christian religions, new religious movements, and cults, as well as heresy in Christianity. He is also an apologist on doctrinal and cultural issues.

Heresy in Christianity
Heresy in Christianity denotes the formal denial or doubt of a core doctrine of the Christian faith as defined by one or more of the Christian churches.

As Christianity became established as a church, it defined orthodoxy and combated deviation from it by developing ecclesiastical, universal, and ecumenical councils. Excommunication, inquisition, and execution (by civil authorities) were used against heretics who refused to recant, and major heresies were sometimes dealt with by military crusades. With the growth of toleration and ecumenicalism, inquisitions have been abandoned.

The first Christian executed for heresy was Priscillian in 385 CE, and the last was Cayetano Ripoll, (accused of Deism) in 1826 CE.
Some notable heresies in Christian history have been Arianism, Marcionism, Donatism, Catharism, Docetism, Gnosticism, Pelagianism, Conciliarism, and Lollardy.
Super 1600
Super 1600, also known as S1600, is a rally car formula that was primarily used in the Junior World Rally Championship between 2001 and 2010, as well as international rallycross championships and various national rally championships. Any automobile manufacturer that had a suitable road-going production model in its range could develop a specification for use in this formula. It was devised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (the international governing body of motorsport) in 2000 and first saw competitive use in 2001. Super 1600 was intended to provide a young driver's entry point into international rallying, and could only be used by entrants in the JWRC in particular at world level. From 2011 the formulae was not accepted in JWRC as Group R cars took prominence.

Rallycross
Rallycross is a form of sprint style motorsport held on a mixed-surface racing circuit using modified production touring cars or prototype racing cars. It began in the 1960s as a cross between rallying and autocross.

It is popular in European countries. Internationally, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) organise the World and European Rallycross Championships.
Central school
A central school was a selective secondary education school with a focus on technical and commercial skills in the English education system.  It was positioned between the more academic grammar schools and the ordinary elementary schools where most pupils prior to 1944 were educated to 14 years of age.

Central schools were established in England and Wales following the Education Act 1918, although London County Council had already introduced them in 1910 and ran fifty by 1918.

Following the introduction of the tripartite system of selective education and the changes introduced by the Education Act 1944, many central schools became Secondary Modern schools or the premises otherwise absorbed in the post-WWII education system.

Education Act 1944
The Education Act 1944 (7 & 8 Geo. 6. c. 31) made major changes in the provision and governance of secondary schools in England and Wales. It is also known as the Butler Act after the President of the Board of Education, R. A. Butler. Historians consider it a "triumph for progressive reform," and it became a core element of the post-war consensus supported by all major parties. The Act was repealed in steps with the last parts repealed in 1996.
Jamie Roberts
Jamie Huw Roberts (born 8 November 1986) is a Welsh former professional rugby union player who played as a centre.

Beginning in 2005, Roberts played for Cardiff RFC, Cardiff Blues, Racing Métro, Cambridge University, Harlequins, Bath, the Stormers, the Dragons and the Waratahs. He won 94 caps for Wales between 2008 and 2017 and three for the British & Irish Lions on their tours to South Africa in 2009 and Australia in 2013.

Since his retirement from professional rugby in 2022, Roberts has qualified as a physician.

New South Wales Waratahs
The New South Wales Waratahs (/ˈwɒrətɑːz/ or /ˌwɒrəˈtɑːz/;), often referred to as the Waratahs, are an Australian professional rugby union team based in Sydney that represents the majority of New South Wales in the Super Rugby Pacific competition. The Waratahs play their home games at the new Sydney Football Stadium.
Miguel Zabalza
Miguel Zabalza de la Fuente (4 June 1896 – 26 September 1925) was a Spanish fencer. He competed in the individual and team épée events at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was killed in action fighting in the Rif War.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
2011 Tour of Slovenia
The 2011 Tour of Slovenia (Slovene: Dirka po Sloveniji) was the 18th edition of the Tour of Slovenia, categorized as 2.1 stage race (UCI Europe Tour) held between 16 and 19 June 2011.

The race consisted of 4 stages with 547.8 kilometres (340.4 mi) in total.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
Dragon turtle
A dragon turtle (Chinese : 龍龜, pinyin : Lóngguī) is a legendary Chinese creature that combines two of the four celestial animals of Chinese mythology: the shell of a turtle with a dragon's body is promoted as a positive ornament in Feng Shui, symbolizing courage, determination, fertility, longevity, power, success, and support. Decorative carvings or statuettes of the creature are traditionally placed facing the window.

Mapmakers sometimes drew dragon turtles along with other fantastical creatures in unexplored areas.

Fuxi
Fuxi or Fu Hsi is a culture hero in Chinese mythology, credited along with his sister and wife Nüwa with creating humanity and the invention of music, hunting, fishing, domestication, and cooking, as well as the Cangjie system of writing Chinese characters around 2900 BC or 2000 BC. He is also said to be the originator of bagua (the eight trigrams) after observing that there were eight fundamental building blocks in nature: heaven, earth, water, fire, thunder, wind, mountain, and lake. These eight are all made of different combinations of yin and yang, which are what came to be called bagua.

Fuxi was counted as the first mythical emperor of China, "a divine being with a serpent's body" who was miraculously born, a Taoist deity, and/or a member of the Three Sovereigns at the beginning of the Chinese dynastic period. Some representations show him as a human with snake-like characteristics, "a leaf-wreathed head growing out of a mountain", "or as a man clothed with animal skins."
Ashley Page
Ashley Page OBE (born August 1956) is a British former ballet dancer, choreographer and was artistic director of Scottish Ballet for ten years.

Ashley Page was born in Rochester, Kent in August 1956.

Page trained the Royal Ballet School, and joined the Royal Ballet in 1976. There, he worked closely with Frederick Ashton and Kenneth MacMillan, creating numerous roles in their new ballets. He also worked with visiting choreographers including Glen Tetley and, especially, Richard Alston, who was to become his choreographic mentor. He was promoted to principal dancer in 1984.

Page was artistic director of Scottish Ballet for ten years, from 2002 to 2012. In August 2012, Christopher Hampson succeeded him as artistic director of Scottish Ballet.

He was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2006 Birthday Honours for services to dance.

Glen Tetley
Glen Tetley (February 3, 1926 – January 26, 2007) was an American ballet and modern dancer as well as a choreographer who mixed ballet and modern dance to create a new way of looking at dance, and is best known for his piece Pierrot Lunaire.
Tioga, West Virginia
Tioga is a census-designated place (CDP) in northeastern Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 79 (down from 98 at the 2010 census). The town is located along a road alternatively called Tioga Road (County Route 3) in Nicholas County and Strouds Creek Road (County Route 11) in Webster County. The road can be accessed from West Virginia Route 20 in Allingdale and West Virginia Route 55 near Craigsville.

The community was named after Tioga County, Pennsylvania, the native home of several local lumbermen.

Tioga County, Pennsylvania
Tioga County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 41,045. Its county seat is Wellsboro. The county was created on March 26, 1804, from part of Lycoming County and later organized in 1812. It is named for the Tioga River. The county is part of the North Central Pennsylvania region of the state.
Codimension
In mathematics, codimension is a basic geometric idea that applies to subspaces in vector spaces, to submanifolds in manifolds, and suitable subsets of algebraic varieties.

For affine and projective algebraic varieties, the codimension equals the height of the defining ideal. For this reason, the height of an ideal is often called its codimension.

The dual concept is relative dimension.

Submanifold
In mathematics, a submanifold of a manifold  is a subset  which itself has the structure of a manifold, and for which the inclusion map  satisfies certain properties. There are different types of submanifolds depending on exactly which properties are required. Different authors often have different definitions.
Sangili Bungili Kadhava Thorae
Sangili Bungili Kadhava Thorae (transl. Sangili Bungili, open the door) is a 2017 Indian Tamil-language horror comedy film written and directed by Ike, and produced by Fox Star Studios and Atlee under his production house 'A for Apple Productions'. The film stars Jiiva, Sri Divya, and Soori while Radha Ravi, Radhika Sarathkumar, and Thambi Ramaiah play supporting roles. Featuring music composed by Vishal Chandrasekhar. The film began production during March 2016 and was released on 19 May 2017.

Radhika Sarathkumar
Radikaa Sarathkumar (/rɑːðɪkɑː/) is an Indian actress, film producer, film director and politician who works predominantly in Tamil and Telugu cinema, TV serials and web series as well as in Hindi, Malayalam and Kannada films. She is a recipient of a National Film Award, two Nandi Awards, three Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and six Filmfare Award South.
Dugas, New Brunswick
47°48′17″N 65°06′48″W﻿ / ﻿47.804778°N 65.113278°W﻿ / 47.804778; -65.113278

Dugas is a Canadian community and former local service district in Gloucester County, New Brunswick. Marcel Dugas was the first postmaster here and the community was likely named after him. A post office was here from 1907 to 1953.

Gloucester County, New Brunswick
Gloucester County (2021 population 78,256) is located in the northeastern corner of New Brunswick, Canada. Fishing, mining and forestry are the major industries in the county. The eastern section of the county is known for its Acadian culture. The county is named for Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh.
Sankey Winter
Sankey Winter (1688–1736) was an Anglican priest in Ireland.

Ledwich was born in County Kildare and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. Winter was Archdeacon of Achonry from 1712 to 1719 and Archdeacon of Killala from 1719 to 1724. He was installed as Prebendary of Donadea and Archdeacon of Kildare on 11 May 1724; and Dean of Kildare on 8 October 1725, holding all three positions until his death.

Donadea
Donadea (Irish: Domhnach Dheá) is a civil parish in the barony of Ikeathy and Oughterany in the north of County Kildare, Ireland. There are seven townlands in the parish. There are no large centres of population in the parish. Donadea is noted for its public forest park which is one of the most popular outdoor venues in County Kildare. The nearest villages are Staplestown (4 km distant) and Prosperous (7 km distant). The parish name is derived from a church, traditionally said to have been founded by Saint Patrick. A small 17th-century church of the Church of Ireland, St Peter's, still exists within the Donadea demesne.
Sorsogon Provincial Board
The Sorsogon Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Sorsogon.

The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into two districts, each having five seats. A voter votes up to five names, with the top five candidates per district being elected. The vice governor is the ex officio presiding officer, and only votes to break ties. The vice governor is elected via the plurality voting system province-wide.

The districts used in appropriation of members is coextensive with the legislative districts of Sorsogon.

Aside from the regular members, the board also includes the provincial federation presidents of the Liga ng mga Barangay (ABC, from its old name "Association of Barangay Captains"), the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK, youth councils) and the Philippine Councilors League (PCL).

Philippine Councilors League
The Philippine Councilors League (PCL; Filipino: Liga ng mga Konsehal ng Pilipinas) is an official organization in the Philippines composed of all elected, appointed, and ex officio members of legislative councils in the cities and municipalities of the country.

The presidents of the PCL's provincial chapters are ex officio members of their province's legislature (Sangguniang Panlalawigan).
Bowdoin Fjord
Bowdoin Fjord is a fjord in northern Greenland. To the south the fjord opens into the Inglefield Gulf of the Baffin Bay.

This fjord was named by Robert Peary after his alma mater, Bowdoin College. It was the subject of paintings by Frank Wilbert Stokes at the end of the 19th century.

Baffin Bay
Baffin Bay (Inuktitut: ᓴᒃᓂᕈᑎᐊᒃ ᐃᒪᖓ Saknirutiak Imanga; Greenlandic: Avannaata Imaa; French: Baie de Baffin; Danish: Baffinsbugten), located between Baffin Island and the west coast of Greenland, is defined by the International Hydrographic Organization as a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean.: Art.23  It is sometimes considered a sea of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is connected to the Atlantic via the Davis Strait and the Labrador Sea. The narrower Nares Strait connects Baffin Bay with the Arctic Ocean. The bay is not navigable most of the year because of the ice cover and high density of floating ice and icebergs in the open areas. However, a polynya of about 80,000 km2 (31,000 sq mi), known as the North Water, opens in summer on the north near Smith Sound. Most of the aquatic life of the bay is concentrated near that region.
LOL Smiley Face
"LOL Smiley Face" (styled as "LOL :-)") is a song by American recording artist Trey Songz. It features rappers Gucci Mane and Soulja Boy and serves as the second single from Songz' third studio album, Ready. The artists co-wrote the song with its producers Troy Taylor and Tony Scales. "LOL Smiley Face" is an R&B song featuring bouncy, poppy synths, and lyrically refers to sexting and other electronic multimedia messaging. The song was released as the second single from Songz's third album Ready on August 24, 2009.

The song received generally positive reviews from critics, who noted its catchy melody. The song peaked at number fifty-one on the Billboard Hot 100 and number twelve on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Rather than releasing a traditional music video, a montage of fans singing and dancing to the track was released.

Tiny Mix Tapes
Tiny Mix Tapes (also TMT or tinymixtapes) was an online music and film webzine that focused primarily on new music and related news. In addition to its reviews, it was noted for its subversive, political, and sometimes surreal news, as well as a podcast and its mixtape generator.
Shark Week
Shark Week is an annual week-long programming block created and produced by Tom Golden at the Discovery Channel focusing on shark-themed programming. It originally premiered on July 17, 1988. The block is featured annually in the summer, and was originally devoted to conservation efforts and correcting misconceptions about sharks. Over time, it grew in popularity and became a hit on the Discovery Channel. Since 2010, it has been the longest-running cable television programming event in history. The block is owned by Warner Bros. Discovery, and is broadcast in over 72 countries. Shark Week is promoted by the Discovery Channel heavily via social networks such as Facebook and X (formerly Twitter). Episodes are also available for purchase on services such as Google Play/YouTube, Amazon Prime, and Apple TV. Some episodes of the shows on Shark Week are free on the over-the-top streaming services HBO Max, Hulu (owned by Disney), and discovery+.

Warner Bros. Discovery
Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. (WBD) is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered in New York City. It was formed from WarnerMedia's spin-off by AT&T and merger with Discovery, Inc. on April 8, 2022.

Warner Bros. Discovery operates via two divisions: Streaming & Studios (S&S) and Global Linear Networks (GLN). S&S includes the flagship Warner Bros. studios, HBO, DC Entertainment, and the Warner Bros. Discovery's streaming services. GLN largely includes advertising-supported cable networks. Those networks were inherited from its predecessors Discovery (such as Discovery Channel among others), Scripps Networks Interactive (such as HGTV among others), and Turner Broadcasting System (such as Cartoon Network, Boomerang, CNN, TBS, and TNT). Warner Bros. Discovery International is also included in the division, which manages broadcasting operations outside of the United States.
Molecular biophysics
Molecular biophysics is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary area of research that combines concepts in physics, chemistry, engineering, mathematics and biology. It seeks to understand biomolecular systems and explain biological function in terms of molecular structure, structural organization, and dynamic behaviour at various levels of complexity (from single molecules to supramolecular structures, viruses and small living systems). This discipline covers topics such as the measurement of molecular forces, molecular associations, allosteric interactions, Brownian motion, and cable theory. Additional areas of study can be found in the Outline of Biophysics. The discipline has required development of novel experimental approaches.

Dynein
Dyneins are a family of cytoskeletal motor proteins (though they are actually protein complexes) that move along microfilaments in cells. They convert the chemical energy stored in ATP to mechanical work. Dynein transports various cellular cargos, provides forces and displacements important in mitosis, and drives the beat of eukaryotic cilia and flagella. All of these functions rely on dynein's ability to move towards the minus-end of the microtubules, known as retrograde transport; thus, they are called "minus-end directed motors". In contrast, most kinesin motor proteins move toward the microtubules' plus-end, in what is called anterograde transport.