hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rudka, Ternopil Oblast
Rudka (Ukrainian: Рудка) is a village in the Kremenets urban hromada of the Kremenets Raion of Ternopil Oblast in Ukraine. After the liquidation of the Kremenets Raion (1940–2020) on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

Kremenets Raion
Kremenets Raion (Ukrainian: Кременецький район) is a raion (district) in Ternopil Oblast of western Ukraine. The administrative center is the city of Kremenets. Population: 140,063 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Kremenets Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Lanivtsi and Shumsk Raions, as well as a part of one more abolished raion, Zbarazh Raion, and the city of Kremenets, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Kremenets Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 45,884 (2020 est.).
Clifford Leaman
Clifford Leaman is an American classical saxophonist and is an associate dean and professor of saxophone at the School of Music of the University of South Carolina
In January 2008, Leaman performed upon invitation at the 31st International Saxophone Symposium with the United States Navy Band. Dr. Leaman hosted the North American Saxophone Alliance in April 2008; the conference was held at the University of South  Carolina's School of Music. Dr. Leaman was the Music Division co-chair for the South Carolina Governor’s School for the Arts and served as editor of reviews for the Saxophone Symposium, the North American Saxophone Alliance's annual publication.

Leaman is a saxophone soloist and clinician and has performed and given clinics across the globe. His teachers included Donald Sinta and David Bilger.

David Bilger
David Bilger (born 1961) is an American trumpet player and teacher.  From 1995 to 2022 he served as principal trumpet in the Philadelphia Orchestra and is currently the professor of trumpet at Northwestern University.
Sonja Wiesmann
Sonja Wiesmann (23 February 1966 – 23 January 2025) was a Swiss politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party, she served in the Grand Council of Thurgau from 2005 to 2024.

Wiesmann died on 23 January 2025, at the age of 58.

Grand Council of Thurgau
The Grand Council of Thurgau (German: Grosser Rat) is the legislature of the canton of Thurgau, in Switzerland. Thurgau has a unicameral legislature. The Grand Council has 130 seats, with members elected every four years.

The council has the unique feature in Switzerland of convening in two different locations: the town hall of Frauenfeld in the summer and that of Weinfelden in the winter.
2010 Comerica Bank Challenger – Singles
Following are the results of the 2010 Comerica Bank Challenger singles.  The 2010 Comerica Bank Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard court. This was the twenty-third edition of the tournament which is part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Aptos, United States between 12 July and 18 July 2010.

Chris Guccione was the defending champion, but he lost to Izak van der Merwe in the first round.Marinko Matosevic won the tournament after he defeated Donald Young in the final 6–4, 6–2.

Chris Guccione (tennis)
Christopher Luke Guccione (/ˌɡuːtʃiˈoʊni/ GOO-chee-OH-nee; born 30 July 1985) is an inactive Australian professional tennis player from Greenvale, Victoria. He has won five ATP Tour doubles titles, and reached career-high rankings of singles world No. 67 in April 2008 and doubles world No. 38 in November 2014.
Sir William Davie, 4th Baronet
Sir William Davie, 4th Baronet (1662–1707) of Creedy in the parish of Sandford, near Crediton in Devon, inherited the Davie baronetcy and the Davie estates from his elder brother Sir John Davie, 3rd Baronet (1660–1692), MP for Saltash 1679–85 and Sheriff of Devon in 1688, who died unmarried at the age of 32.

Creedy, Sandford
Creedy is an historic estate in the parish of Sandford, near Crediton in Devon. It is named from its location on the west side of the River Creedy. It was the seat of the Davie family (created Davie baronets in 1641) from about 1600 until the late 20th century. The mansion house on the estate has been called at various times New House, Creedy House, and as presently, Creedy Park. It was first built in about 1600, rebuilt in 1846, burnt down in 1915 and rebuilt 1916–21. It is surrounded by a large park, the boundary of which is enclosed by a stone and brick wall several miles long.
Henry Street (cricketer)
Henry Street (18 April 1863 — 12 March 1953) was an English cricketer who played for Derbyshire in 1887.

Street was born in Riddings, Derbyshire, the son of Henry Street, a coal miner, and his wife Ann. In 1881 he was living with his parents at Alfreton where he was also a coal miner. Street made his first-class debut for Derbyshire in the 1887 season in July against Lancashire when he ended the game at 15 not out. In his second match against Yorkshire he made 9. He played no more first-class matches, but took part in a miscellaneous game against Essex. Street was a right hand batsman and played three innings in two first-class matches, with an average of 8 and a top score of 15 not out.

Street died at Riddings at the age of 89.

Alfreton
Alfreton (/ˈælfrɪtən/ AL-frih-tən or locally /ˈɒlfrɪtən/ OL-frih-tən) is a town and civil parish in the Amber Valley district of Derbyshire, England. The town was formerly a Norman Manor and later an Urban District. The population of the Alfreton parish was 8,799 at the 2021 Census. The villages of Ironville, Riddings, Somercotes and Swanwick were historically part of the Manor and Urban District, and the population including these was 24,476 in 2001.
Lex Julia
A lex Julia (plural: leges Juliae) was an ancient Roman law that was introduced by any member of the gens Julia. Most often, "Julian laws", lex Julia or leges Juliae refer to moral legislation introduced by Augustus in 23 BC, or to a law related to Julius Caesar.

Inheritance tax
International tax law distinguishes between an estate tax and an inheritance tax. An inheritance tax is a tax paid by a person who inherits money or property of a person who has died, whereas an estate tax is a levy on the estate (money and property) of a person who has died. However, this distinction is not always observed; for example, the UK's "inheritance tax" is a tax on the assets of the deceased, and strictly speaking is therefore an estate tax. Inheritance taxes vary widely between countries.
Underditch Hundred
Underditch Hundred was a judicial and taxation subdivision of the English county of Wiltshire that existed from the about the 8th century to the 19th century.

The hundred contained the parishes of Salisbury, Stratford-sub-Castle, Durnford, Woodford and Wilsford cum Lake.

It was named after the meeting place where the court was originally held, in Durnford, which was recorded in a mid-tenth-century charter as windryðe dic.

The hundred was held by the Bishop of Salisbury at the time of Domesday in 1086 and consisted of 70 hides.

Woodford, Wiltshire
Woodford is a civil parish in southern-central Wiltshire, England, on the west bank of the Salisbury Avon, about 4 miles (6 km) north of Salisbury. Its settlements are the villages of Lower Woodford, Middle Woodford and Upper Woodford, the last of which is the largest of the three. In 1871, the population was 523; in 1951, this had decreased to 405 people.
John Donaldson (economist)
John B. Donaldson (born 1948) is an American economist and presently the Mario J. Gabelli Professor of Finance at Columbia Business School. His interests are in business and finance options, its asset pricing, business cycles and especially real economic impact on equilibrium prices. He has published his work in Econometrica, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, International Economic Review, Journal of Economic Theory, Journal of Monetary Economics, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Review of Economic Dynamics, and Review of Economic Studies.

The Review of Economic Studies
The Review of Economic Studies (also known as REStud) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering economics. The journal is widely considered one of the top 5 journals in economics. It is managed by the editorial board currently chaired by Ruben Enikolopov. The current joint managing editors are Thomas Chaney at University of Southern California, Xavier D’Haultfoeuille at Center for Research in Economics and Statistics, Andrea Galeotti at London Business School, Bard Harstad at Stanford Graduate School of Business, Nir Jaimovich at University of California, San Diego, Katrine Loken at Norwegian School of Economics, Elias Papaioannou at London Business School, Vincent Sterk at University College London, and Noam Yuchtman at University of Oxford. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 6.345.
Nicholas Parker (MP)
Sir Nicholas Parker (1547 – 9 March 1620), eldest son of Thomas Parker of Ratton and Eleanor, daughter of William Waller of Groombridge, was a military commander during the reign of Elizabeth I. He was Sheriff of Sussex in 1586-87, again in 1593-94, and was elected MP for Sussex in 1597.

Hampden Park, Eastbourne
Hampden Park is a suburb of Eastbourne, in the Eastbourne district, in the county of East Sussex, England. It is notable for its unique railway station, where trains on the East Coastway Line often travel through twice, and is thought to be the busiest level crossing in Europe This station, now known as Hampden Park station, was once named 'Willingdon Halt'.
Fiat Abarth OTR 1000
The Fiat Abarth OTR 1000, alternatively known as Fiat Abarth 1000 OTR, is a sport subcompact model automobile produced by the Italian automobile manufacturer Abarth. With its special "Radiale" engine, it was built between 1964 and 1969 in various versions in very small numbers based on the Fiat 850.

Cylinder head
In a piston engine, the cylinder head sits above the cylinders, forming the roof of the combustion chamber. In sidevalve engines the head is a simple plate of metal containing the spark plugs and possibly heat dissipation fins. In more modern overhead valve and overhead camshaft engines, the head is a more complicated metal block that also contains the inlet and exhaust passages, and often coolant passages, valvetrain components, and  fuel injectors.
David Daron
David (Dafydd) Daron was the Dean of Bangor (1397 - 1410). His father was Evan ap David ap Griffith, a descendant of Caradoc ap Iestyn.

Daron appears as the Archdeacon of Bangor in William Shakespeare's works on Henry IV. The meeting between Owain Glyndŵr, Hotspur, Worcester and Mortimer regarding the Tripartite Indenture took place in his home.

Henry Percy (Hotspur)
Sir Henry Percy KG (20 May 1364 – 21 July 1403), nicknamed Hotspur or Harry Hotspur, was an English knight who fought in several campaigns against the Scots in the northern border and against the French during the Hundred Years' War. The nickname "Hotspur" was given to him by the Scots as a tribute to his speed in advance and readiness to attack. The heir to a leading noble family in northern England, Hotspur was one of the earliest and prime movers behind the deposition of King Richard II in favour of Henry Bolingbroke in 1399. He later fell out with the new regime and rebelled, and was slain at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403 at the height of his fame.
Asian Women's Volleyball Championship
The Asian Women's Volleyball Championship is an international volleyball competition in Asia and Oceania contested by the senior women's national teams of the members of Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC), the sport's continent governing body. The initial gap between championships was four years, but since 1987 they have been awarded every two years. The current champion is Thailand, which won its third title in 2023.

The 21 Asian Championship tournaments have been won by three national teams. China have won thirteen times. The other Asian Championship winners are Japan, with five titles; and Thailand with three titles.

The 2021 edition was canceled due to COVID-19 pandemic. The 2023 edition was held in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. Starting in 2026, the tournaments will now be held every even year, conforming to the 2025–28 Volleyball Calendar of the FIVB.

Japan women's national volleyball team
The Japan women's national volleyball team (Hinotori Nippon, 火の鳥NIPPON), or All-Japan women's volleyball team, is currently ranked 7th in the world by FIVB. The head coach is Ferhat Akbaş.

One of their greatest successes was at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, when they defeated the heavily favored Soviet Union on the way to the gold medal.

Japan was qualified for the 2004 Summer Olympics by winning the Women's Olympic Qualifier that was held from 8 May to 16 May in Tokyo, Japan. In Athens, Greece the team took fifth place in the overall-rankings.

Finally after almost three decades of medal drought in the Olympics, Japan took home the bronze medal by defeating South Korea in the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Act Yr Age
"Act Yr Age" is a song recorded by Australian indie rock band Bluejuice. The song was released in 2011 as the lead single from the band's third and final studio album, Company. The song peaked at number 68 on the ARIA Charts in February 2012.

The song polled at number 20 on the Triple J Hottest 100, 2011.
At the J Awards of 2011, the song was nominated for Australian Song of the Year.

The Sam Bennetts directed music video was nominated for Best Video at the ARIA Music Awards of 2012.

In September 2013, Bliss n Eso released "Act Your Age", which samples Bluejuice's track.

Bliss n Eso
Bliss n Eso (formerly known as Bliss n' Esoterikizm) are an Australian hip-hop trio based in Sydney. The group consists of emcees Bliss and Eso, and DJ Izm, and they are currently signed to Melbourne record label Illusive Sounds, and are managed and booked by label co-founders Adam Jankie and Matt Gudinski. Bliss n Eso have released seven studio albums which include three number 1 debuts on the ARIA Charts. They have also won two ARIA Awards for Best Urban Release for their 2008 album Flying Colours and for Best Music Video for their 2017 single "Moments". Eso, under his alias Esoterik, released an album entitled My Astral Plane in May 2018.
Äkim of Astana
The Äkim of Astana (Kazakh: Astana äkımı, Астана әкімі) is the chief authority in the capital city of Kazakhstan, Astana (formerly Nur-Sultan). The position was established in 1997 when the capital was moved to Astana from Almaty. Currently the position is being held by Zhenis Kassymbek.

Akim
An akim (Kazakh: әкім, Kazakh pronunciation: [ækɘm], pl. әкімдер / äkimder; Kyrgyz: аким; Russian: аким, Russian pronunciation: [ɒkɪm]) is the head of a local government in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Akim is derived from the Arabic word  حاكم hakim, which means "ruler" or "governor".
Deadwater Valley
Deadwater Valley is a  35.9-hectare (89-acre) Local Nature Reserve in Bordon in Hampshire. It is owned by East Hampshire District Council and managed by the Deadwater Valley Trust. Part of the site is a Scheduled Monument.

This site along the west bank of the River Deadwater has a pond, a meadow, wet and dry heath, alder carr and broadleaved and coniferous woodland.  There are Civil War earthworks in the south of the reserve.

Bordon
Bordon is a town in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It lies in the interior of the royal Woolmer Forest, about 5 miles (8.0 km) southeast of Alton. The town forms a part of the civil parish of Whitehill which is one of two contiguous villages, the other being Lindford. The civil parish is on the A325, and near the A3 road between London and Portsmouth, from which it is buffered by the rise of the wooded Woolmer Ranges. Bordon is twinned with Condé-sur-Vire in Normandy, France.

Unlike its nearest towns, Petersfield, Farnham and Alton, Bordon has not been a market town, having developed as a military area. Many of the facilities are near the former A325, a toll road (turnpike) that connected Farnham to the A3 to its south and passed through Bordon and Whitehill; the A325 now by-passes the built-up area. Local facilities include The Phoenix Theatre and Whitehill and Bordon Leisure Centre.
Jerico-Jim Crow
Jerico-Jim Crow is a 1964 musical, with a book written by Langston Hughes and William Hairston.  It was a pioneering work in the urban contemporary gospel musical style, based on the themes of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States.  According to Hughes scholar and biographer Arnold Rampersad, Hughes "virtually pioneered" the black gospel musical, first with Black Nativity (1961) and then with Jericho-Jim Crow.

Jerico-Jim Crow premiered on Sunday, January 5, 1964, at the Sanctuary Theatre, New York City. It was co-directed by Alvin Ailey and William Hairston and conducted by Hugh Porter, with Marion Joseph Franklin, Jr as associate musical director and musical accompanist, the musical was favorably reviewed in The New York Times by Richard F. Shepard, who said: "This rousing production is an unabashedly sentimental and tuneful history of the Negro struggle up from slavery."

A cast recording was released in 1964 by Folkways Records.

Folkways Records
Folkways Records was a record label founded by Moses Asch that documented folk, world, and children's music. It was acquired by the Smithsonian Institution in 1987 and is now part of Smithsonian Folkways.
Multatuli
Eduard Douwes Dekker (2 March 1820 – 19 February 1887), better known by his pen name Multatuli (from Latin multa tulī, "I have suffered much"), was a Dutch writer best known for his satirical novel Max Havelaar (1860), which denounced the abuses of colonialism in the Dutch East Indies (today's Indonesia). He is considered one of the Netherlands' greatest authors.

Leiden University Library
Leiden University Libraries is the set of libraries of Leiden University, founded in 1575 in Leiden, Netherlands.
 Holdings include some five million volumes, one million e-books, ninety thousand e-journals, two thousand current paper journals, and three thousand cuneiform tablets. 
The library manages large collections on Indonesia and the Caribbean, and curates seven entries in UNESCO's international and Dutch Memory of the World Register.
Joseph Justus Scaliger, who was a languages and history professor at Leiden from 1593 up to 1609, commented in Latin on the library:

"Est hic magna commoditas bibliothecae ut studiosi possint studere"
—Josephus Justus Scaliger

"Here [at Leiden] is the great convenience of a library so that those who want to study [students], can study."
Sirsa district
Sirsa district is the largest district by area in Haryana state, India. Sirsa is the district headquarters. It is located on National Highway 9 and 250 kilometres (160 mi) from the capital Delhi. On 1 September 1975, Sirsa became a district by taking Sirsa and Dabwali tahsils from Hisar District. There are a total of 342 villages in Sirsa district.

National Highway 9 (India)
National Highway 9 (NH 9) is a National Highway in India in east-west direction. It starts at Fazilka in Punjab and ends at Gori Ganga Bridge at Askot in Pithoragarh (Kumaun) District of Uttarakhand in Pithoragarh district in Uttarakhand. It passes through the states of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. After renumbering of all national highways by National Highway Authority of India in 2010, the current NH 9 was formed by merging segments of five separate national highways in 2010; these were Old NH 10 (Fazilka-Delhi section), Old NH 24 (Delhi-Rampur section),  Old NH 87 (Rampur-Rudrapur section), Old NH 74 (Rudrapur-Sitarganj-Khatima section) and Old NH 125 (Tanakpur-Pithoragarh section).
1955 West Riding County Council election
The 1955 West Riding County Council election was held on Saturday, 2 April 1955. The election took place in the administrative county of the West Riding of Yorkshire, which excluded the county boroughs of Barnsley, Bradford, Dewsbury, Doncaster, Halifax, Huddersfield, Leeds, Rotherham, Sheffield, Wakefield and York. The whole council of ninety-six members was up for election, with each county electoral division returning one councillor.

After the election the composition of the council was;

Labour Party: 44

Conservative Party: 37

Independents: 13

Liberal Party: 2

West Riding County Council
West Riding County Council (WRCC) was the county council of the administrative county of the West Riding of Yorkshire from 1 April 1889 to 31 March 1974. The council met at County Hall in Wakefield.

The county council had jurisdiction over the administrative county of the West Riding and therefore did not include county boroughs which were independent of the county council but associated with the county for other purposes. At the time of its formation in 1889 there were six county boroughs; Bradford, Halifax, Huddersfield, Leeds, Sheffield and York. The administrative county was reduced when the county boroughs of Rotherham (1902), Barnsley (1913), Dewsbury (1913), Wakefield (1915) and Doncaster (1927) were formed.
Brian Magee (cricketer)
Brian Robert Boyd Magee (4 May 1918 – May 2006) was a Canadian cricketer.  Magee was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium pace.  He was born in Toronto, Ontario.

Educated at Radley College in Oxfordshire, England, Magee made a single first-class appearance for Canada in 1954 against Yorkshire at North Marine Road Ground, Scarborough during Canada's 1954 tour of England. In Canada's first-innings, he scored 3 runs before being dismissed by Fred Trueman and in their second-innings he scored 13 runs before being dismissed by Johnny Wardle.  With the ball he took a single wicket, that of England Test cricketer Willie Watson. In Canada, he also played three matches for Ontario between 1949 and 1952, all against Manitoba.  None of these matches held first-class status.

He died in May 2006, in the city of his birth.

Willie Watson (English cricketer)
Willie Watson (7 March 1920 – 24 April 2004) was an English cricketer, who played for Yorkshire, Leicestershire and England. He was a double international, as Watson was also a footballer who played for England's national team. He was the son of Billy Watson, and brother of Albert Watson, also footballers.
World's Finest Team
The World's Finest Team is a DC Comics superhero team who first appeared in the DC Comics Dollar Comics format series in World's Finest Comics #244 (May 1977), created by Gerry Conway, with art by Jim Aparo and George Tuska. The team consists of the Silver Age versions of Superman, Batman, Green Arrow, and Black Canary, along with the new, original Wonder Woman of Earth-Two.

Prior to the events of Infinite Crisis, Matt Wagner re-invented the origin of the first meeting between Batman, Superman, and Wonder Woman in the DC Comics limited series Trinity in 2003. Combined, these three heroes are the "trinity" of the World's Finest Team (also referred to as the World's Finest Trinity). The story takes place before the formation of the Justice League.

George Tuska
George Tuska (/ˈtʌskə/; April 26, 1916 – October 16, 2009), who early in his career used a variety of pen names including Carl Larson, was an American comic book and newspaper comic strip artist best known for his 1940s work on various Captain Marvel titles and the crime fiction series Crime Does Not Pay and for his 1960s work illustrating Iron Man and other Marvel Comics characters. He also drew the DC Comics newspaper comic strip The World's Greatest Superheroes from 1978–1982.
Abby Blackman
Abby Blackman (born 15 June 1984) is a Trinidad and Tobago female volleyball player. She was part of the Trinidad and Tobago women's national volleyball team.

She participated at the 2011 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup.

2011 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The 2011 Pan-American Volleyball Cup was the tenth edition of the annual women's volleyball tournament, played by twelve countries over July 1–9, 2011 in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. The top four NORCECA teams and the top two from CSV confederation, qualified for the 2012 FIVB World Grand Prix.