hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isidore of Alexandria
Isidore of Alexandria, also called Isidore of Gaza (/ˈɪzɪdɔːr/; also Isidorus /ˌɪzɪˈdɔːrəs/; Greek: Ἰσίδωρος ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς; c. 450 – c. 520), was a Greek philosopher and one of the last of the Neoplatonists. He lived in Athens and Alexandria toward the end of the 5th century AD. He became head of the school in Athens in succession to Marinus, who followed Proclus.

Suda
The Suda or Souda (/ˈsuːdə/; Medieval Greek: Σοῦδα Soûda [ˈsuða]; Latin: Suidae Lexicon) is a large 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Soudas (Σούδας) or Souidas (Σουίδας). It is an encyclopedic lexicon, written in Greek, with 30,000 entries, many drawing from ancient sources that have since been lost, and often derived from medieval Christian compilers.
Aurélien Lemaitre
Aurélien Lemaitre (born 3 July 1989) is a French flat racing jockey. He joined the horse racing school AFASEC in Gouvieux near Chantilly aged 14, inspired by his father who had horses as his hobby. Lemaitre apprenticed for trainer Freddy Head and made his debut in June 2005, aged 16, and won his first race year later in July 2006. He has since achieved over 700 wins, including more than 35 on the Group level, winning his first Group race in Group 3 Prix du Palais-Royal in 2015. He was Freddy Head's stable jockey until Head's retirement from training at the end of 2022, after which he switched to being a stable jockey for his son Christopher Head. Lemaitre spent several winters in the United States as a work rider for Julio Canani and Bill Mott.

Prix du Palais-Royal
The Prix du Palais-Royal is a Group 3 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,400 metres (about 7 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late May or early June.

The event is named after the Palais-Royal, a palace and an associated garden located in Paris. The race was established in 1968, and with four exceptions — the 1996 and 2016 runnings at Deauville, the 2017 running at Maisons-Laffitte and the 2020 running at Clairefontaine — it has always taken place at Longchamp. Its distance has remained at 1,400 metres since its creation.

For several years before its launch there was an event titled the Prix Palais Royal at Saint-Cloud. This was named after a racehorse called Palais Royal, the winner of the Cambridgeshire Handicap and runner-up in the St Leger in 1928.
Argunov–Cassegrain telescope
The Argunov–Cassegrain telescope is a catadioptric telescope design first introduced in 1972 by P. P. Argunov. All optics are spherical, and the classical Cassegrain secondary mirror is replaced by a sub-aperture secondary corrector group consisting of three air-spaced elements, two lenses and a Mangin mirror (the element furthest from the primary mirror).

Sphere
A sphere (from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα, sphaîra) is a surface analogous to the circle, a curve. In solid geometry, a sphere is the set of points that are all at the same distance r from a given point in three-dimensional space. That given point is the center of the sphere, and the distance r is the sphere's radius. The earliest known mentions of spheres appear in the work of the ancient Greek mathematicians.

The sphere is a fundamental surface in many fields of mathematics. Spheres and nearly-spherical shapes also appear in nature and industry. Bubbles such as soap bubbles take a spherical shape in equilibrium. The Earth is often approximated as a sphere in geography, and the celestial sphere is an important concept in astronomy. Manufactured items including pressure vessels and most curved mirrors and lenses are based on spheres. Spheres roll smoothly in any direction, so most balls used in sports and toys are spherical, as are ball bearings.
Mall Aventura Plaza Arequipa
Mall Aventura Arequipa is a shopping mall in Pongoroche, Arequipa, Peru. It was built in the former Hipodromo de Porongoche. It is open to the public. Stores in this mall include Ripley, Falabella, Tottus, xiaomi Archived 2021-12-02 at the Wayback Machine, Sodimac, Cinemark, Cibertec, Clínica Internacional, Euroidiomas, MAC Cosmetics.

Tottus
Tottus is a chain of supermarkets and hypermarkets owned by the Chilean retail company S.A.C.I. Falabella, with a presence in both Peru and Chile. As of 2019, Tottus had 157 locations; 89 in Peru and 70 in Chile.
Valdrin Mustafa
Valdrin Mustafa (born 11 March 1998) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-forward for Regionalliga club Kickers Offenbach. Born in Germany, he has represented Albania and Kosovo internationally at youth levels.

3. Liga
The 3. Liga is a professional association football league and the third division in Germany. In the German football league system, it is positioned between the 2. Bundesliga and the fourth-tier Regionalliga.

The modern 3. Liga was formed for the 2008–09 season, replacing the Regionalliga, which had previously served as the third-tier in the country. In Germany, the 3. Liga is also the highest division that a club's reserve team can play in.
Satyadeep Mishra
Satyadeep Misra (born 27 November 1972) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi cinema, television and web series. He made his debut with the 2011 film No One Killed Jessica. He is known for P.O.W. Bandi Yuddh Ke (2016), Tandav (2022) and Mukhbir: The Story of a Spy (2022).

Tandav (TV series)
Tandav is an Indian political thriller television series on Amazon Prime Video, created, directed and produced by Ali Abbas Zafar, in his digital debut, with the script being written by Gaurav Solanki. The series has an ensemble cast featuring Saif Ali Khan, Sunil Grover, Tigmanshu Dhulia, Dimple Kapadia, Mohammed Zeeshan Ayyub, Dino Morea and Anup Soni. The series is about the dark corners of Indian politics, where people who will go to any lengths in pursuit of power.

Principal shoot of Tandav began in October 2019, with filming mostly took place across the Pataudi Palace in Haryana, and Delhi. The series has cinematography handled by Karol Stadnik and edited by Steven H. Bernard; the background score is composed by Julius Packiam. The series premiered through the streaming platform Amazon Prime Video on 15 January 2021.
Thomas Claiborne (1749–1812)
Thomas Burnell Claiborne (February 1, 1749 – 1812) was a planter and politician from Brunswick County, Virginia, who served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly as well as in the United States House of Representatives (from 1793 to 1799 and from 1801 to 1805), and fathered two sons who also became Congressman.

Brunswick County, Virginia
Brunswick County is a United States county located on the southern border of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Brunswick County was created in 1720 from parts of Prince George, Surry and Isle of Wight counties. The county was named for the former Duchy of Brunswick-Lunenburg, the ancestral home of the British monarchs of the House of Hanover.

As of the 2020 census, the population of Brunswick county was 15,849. The county has a total area of 569 square miles, and the  county seat is Lawrenceville.  Known for its rural character, the county is one of the claimants to be the namesake of Brunswick stew, a popular Southern dish.
Ali Shefqet Shkupi
Lieutenant Colonel Ali Shefqet Shkupi, also known as Ali Shefqet Bey, was the first Chief of Supreme Staff of the Albanian Army bearing the functions of the Supreme Commander in the Albanian Government of Ismail Qemal Vlora.

Chief of the General Staff (Albania)
The Chief of the General Staff (Albanian: Shef i Shtabit të Përgjithshëm) is the chief of the General Staff and Albanian Armed Forces. The chief of staff is appointed by the President of Albania, who is the commander-in-chief. The position was established on 4 May 1913 as part of the Provisional Government of Albania.
Elyas Nirumand Tumaj
Elyas Nirumand Tumaj (Persian: الیاس نیروبند توماج; born May 31, 1990) is an Iranian national affiliated with Iran's military-linked oil export operations. He is primarily known for his role as an official of Sepehr Energy Jahan Nama Pars Company, a front company reportedly controlled by the Armed Forces General Staff (AFGS) of Iran. Tumaj has been sanctioned by the United States Department of the Treasury for facilitating the sale of Iranian oil and commodities on behalf of Iran's defense sector.

Sepehr Energy Jahan
Sepehr Energy Jahan Nama Pars Company (commonly Sepehr Energy) has been identified by U.S. authorities as a key front for Iran's military in evading international sanctions on the oil and petrochemical sectors. Established in late 2022, Sepehr Energy is controlled by Iran's Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics (MODAFL) and operates under the umbrella of the Armed Forces General Staff (AFGS).  U.S. sanctions describe it as "a front company for Iran's government oil sales" that generates revenue to fund the regime's ballistic missile program and proxy groups such as Hamas and Hezbollah. As the U.S. Department of the Treasury explained, Sepehr Energy and its affiliates "use deceitful evasion methods such as falsification of maritime documents to obfuscate the Iranian origin of the oil that it trades and transports to overseas buyers, including the People's Republic of China".
Invincible (Hedley song)
"Invincible" is a song recorded by Canadian pop rock group Hedley for their fourth studio album, Storms (2011). Written by Hedley frontman Jacob Hoggard and Jason Van Poederooyen, and co-written and produced by Brian Howes, "Invincible" features guest vocals by Canadian hip hop artist P. Reign on the single version. The song was released to radio on August 22, 2011 and to digital retailers on August 23, 2011 through Universal Music Canada as the lead single from Storms. It was well received by critics and fans, peaking in the Top 10 of the Canadian Hot 100 and being nominated for Single of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2012.

Jacob Hoggard
Jacob William Hoggard is a Canadian musician who was the lead singer for the pop rock band Hedley. Hoggard competed on the second season of Canadian Idol in 2004, where he placed third.

In 2018, Hoggard was arrested and charged with sexual assault against two women. In 2022, he was convicted on one count of sexual assault causing bodily harm, and acquitted on the other charge.  He was sentenced to five years imprisonment. In 2024, he was found not guilty of a third charge of sexual assault by a jury in northeastern Ontario. After an appeal was dismissed by the Ontario Court of Appeal in 2024, Hoggard began serving a five-year sentence.
Different World (Alan Walker album)
Different World is the debut studio album by Norwegian DJ and record producer Alan Walker. It was released on 14 December 2018 through MER Musikk and Sony Music Entertainment and includes his successful 2015 single "Faded". The album also succeeds a trilogy of releases leading up to the album, entitled World of Walker, which consisted of the singles "All Falls Down", "Darkside" and "Diamond Heart". The album was also nominated for Top Dance/Electronic Albums at the 2020 Billboard Music Awards.

2020 Billboard Music Awards
The 2020 Billboard Music Awards were held on Wednesday October 14, 2020, at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles, California. The ceremony was broadcast live from NBC. Hosted by Kelly Clarkson for the third year in a row, the ceremony was sponsored by TikTok and Xfinity. The ceremony was originally scheduled for April 29, 2020, but was later postponed first indefinitely and then to October due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nominees were announced on September 22, 2020. Voting opened on TikTok on October 1 and closed on October 13. Presenters were announced October 13.

Post Malone was the most awarded, with nine awards. Malone was also the most nominated, with 16 nominations. Garth Brooks and Killer Mike received the Icon Award and the inaugural Change Maker Award, respectively.
Danby Mill
Danby Mill, also known as Danby Low Mill, is a historic building near Thornton Steward, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

The watermill was built on the River Ure in the 17th century, and was in existence by 1688, from when some graffiti dates.  It was recorded as a corn mill in 1789 and again in 1821.  The mill was altered in the 18th century, and again in the 19th century, when a house was added at a right-angle to the mill building.  The building was grade II listed in 1985.

The mill and house are built of stone with hipped stone slate roofs and three storeys. The mill has three bays, the entrance has a chamfered quoined surround, and above the wheel chamber is an initialled and dated lintel. At the rear is a doorway with interrupted jambs and a keystone. The house has three bays, a doorway with a moulded surround with paterae, and a cornice, and the windows are sashes. Inside, there is an undershot waterwheel with gearing, two pairs of millstones and a crown wheel.

Chamfer
A chamfer (/ˈ(t)ʃæmfər/ SHAM-fər, CHAM-) is a transitional edge between two faces of an object.  Sometimes defined as a form of bevel, it is often created at a 45° angle between two adjoining right-angled faces.

Chamfers are frequently used in machining, carpentry, furniture, concrete formwork, mirrors, and to facilitate assembly of many mechanical engineering designs.
Communauté de communes de Mirecourt Dompaire
The Communauté de communes de Mirecourt Dompaire is an administrative association of rural communes in the Vosges department of eastern France. It was created on 1 January 2017 by the merger of the former Communauté de communes du Pays de Mirecourt (which had absorbed the former Communauté de communes du Xaintois in January 2014), Communauté de communes du Secteur de Dompaire and 16 other communes. On 1 January 2018 it lost 2 communes to the Communauté d'agglomération d'Épinal. It consists of 76 communes, and has its administrative offices at Mirecourt. Its area is 473.7 km2, and its population was 18,863 in 2019.

Mirecourt
Mirecourt (French: [miʁkuʁ] ⓘ) is a commune in the Vosges department in Grand Est in northeastern France. Mirecourt is known for lace-making and the manufacture of musical instruments, particularly those of the violin family.
Erlend Svardal Bøe
Erlend Svardal Bøe (born 30 December 1992) is a Norwegian politician.

Bøe was a member of Tromsø city council from 2015 to 2021. He was elected representative to the Storting from the constituency of Troms in 2021, for the Conservative Party. He was re-elected in 2025.

He was secretary-general for Unge Høyre (the Norwegian Young Conservatives) from 2015 to 2017. In 2021 he was state secretary at the Ministry of Health.

Norwegian Young Conservatives
Norwegian Young Conservatives (Norwegian: Unge Høyres Landsforbund, UHL, normally referred to as Unge Høyre) is the Norwegian youth party of the Conservative Party. Its ideology is liberal conservatism.

The party has 3,078 members as of 2022.
Boris Trajkovski Sports Center
The Boris Trajkovski Sports Center (Macedonian: Спортски центар Борис Трајковски, romanized: Sportski centar Boris Trajkovski) in Skopje is a multi-functional indoor sports arena. It is located in the Karpoš Municipality of Skopje, North Macedonia.

It is named after the former president, Boris Trajkovski, who died in a plane crash in 2004. It has a maximum seating capacity of 6.250 for handball, 7,200 for basketball and 10,000 for concerts. The venue also contains four restaurants and a sports bar. The arena is home to the North Macedonia national basketball team (men and women), North Macedonia men's national handball team (men and women) and North Macedonia national volleyball team (men and women).

President of North Macedonia
The president of the Republic of North Macedonia (Macedonian: Претседател на Република Северна Македонија, romanized: Pretsedatel na Republika Severna Makedonija; Albanian: Presidenti i Republikës së Maqedonisë së Veriut) is the head of state of North Macedonia.

The office was formally established a few months before the declaration of independence on 8 September 1991. The first president was Kiro Gligorov, the oldest Macedonian political official, until his resignation in 1999. Although largely a ceremonial position, with most of the political power being vested in the prime minister and the Assembly, the president is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces and the first body for performing foreign affairs.

Presidential rights and obligations are determined by the Constitution and laws. The president must be a citizen of North Macedonia, be over 40 years of age and have lived in North Macedonia for at least ten of the previous fifteen years before election.
Aotearoa Student Press Association
The Aotearoa Student Press Association is an association of seven student newspapers and magazines that are published by the student associations of universities and polytechnics in Aotearoa (New Zealand). The Aotearoa Student Press Association has an associate membership in the New Zealand House of Representatives press gallery.

Institute of technology
An institute of technology (also referred to as technological/technology university/college, technical university/college, university/college of technology, polytechnic university) is an institution of tertiary education that specializes in engineering, technology, applied science, and natural sciences.
Order of the Broom-cod
The Order of the Broom-cod (French : "Ordre de la Coste de Genest"), is believed to have been founded in 1234 by the French king, St. Louis IX, to commemorate his wedding with Margaret of Provence, daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence, and her coronation. Other sources mention Charles VI the Beloved as the founder.

The order takes its name from the pod of the broom plant (broom-cod, or cosse de geneste), which was used as an emblem for livery collars and badges.

Ramon Berenguer V, Count of Provence
Ramon Berenguer IV or V (French: Raimond-Bérenger; 1198 – 19 August 1245) was a member of the House of Barcelona who ruled as count of Provence and Forcalquier. He was the first count of Provence to live in the county in more than one hundred years. During the minority of a previous count in 1144–1161, the regency was exercised by Ramon Berenguer IV de Barcelona, who is sometimes counted among the counts of Provence, which has led to varied numbering of the counts of Provence named Ramon Berenguer. This Ramon Berenguer was the fourth of his name to be a reigning count of Provence.
Unite for Change
Unite for Change is a South African political party that was launched on 5 October 2025 in Johannesburg, South Africa. It is the merger of three political parties, namely Rise Mzansi, Good and Build One South Africa. The party will be registered to contest the upcoming municipal elections in 2026. The party is broadly centrist on the left–right political spectrum.

Members of the party's Leaders' Council include Build One South Africa leader Mmusi Maimane, Good party leader Patricia de Lille, BOSA MP Nobuntu Hlazo-Webster, Rise Mzansi leader Songezo Zibi, Rise Mzansi Member of the Gauteng Provincial Legislature and Member of the Executive Council Vuyiswa Ramokgopa, and Good Secretary-General and Member of the Western Cape Provincial Parliament Brett Herron.

Vuyiswa Ramokgopa
Vuyiswa Ramokgopa (born Vuyiswa Mutshekwane) is a South African politician, entrepreneur and businessperson who is the Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Agriculture and Rural Development and a member of the Gauteng Provincial Legislature for RISE Mzansi, of which she is the national chairperson. She has worked in the retail, marketing and design, events management and property investment industries. She is also the chairperson of the National Property Practitioners Council.
February 1927 Revolt
The February 1927 Revolt, sometimes also referred to as the February 1927 Revolution, was a military rebellion in Portugal that took place between February 3 and 9, 1927, centered in Porto, the city where the insurgents' command center was installed and fought the main challenges. The revolt, led by Adalberto Gastão de Sousa Dias, ended with the surrender and arrest of the rebels and resulted in about 80 deaths and 360 injuries in Porto and more than 70 deaths and 400 injuries in Lisbon. It was the first consequent attempt to overthrow the Military Dictatorship that was then consolidated in Portugal following the 28 May 1926 coup d'état, which occurred nine months earlier, initiating a set of insurrectionary movements that became known as the Reviralhism.

José Domingues dos Santos
José Domingues dos Santos (5 August 1885 – 16 August 1958) was a Portuguese politician, jurist, professor and journalist who, among other positions, served as President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) of one of the many governments of the Portuguese First Republic (1924-1925). He was a member of the free masonry, at least since 1922.
Subgroup growth
In mathematics, subgroup growth is a branch of group theory, dealing with quantitative questions about subgroups of a given group.

Let  be a finitely generated group. Then, for each integer  define  to be the number of subgroups  of index  in . Similarly, if  is a topological group,  denotes the number of open subgroups  of index  in . One similarly defines   and  to denote the number of maximal and normal subgroups of index , respectively.

Subgroup growth studies these functions, their interplay, and the characterization of group theoretical properties in terms of these functions.

The theory was motivated by the desire to enumerate finite groups of given order, and the analogy with Mikhail Gromov's notion of word growth.

Normal subgroup
In abstract algebra, a normal subgroup (also known as an invariant subgroup or self-conjugate subgroup) is a subgroup that is invariant under conjugation by members of the group of which it is a part. In other words, a subgroup  of the group  is normal in  if and only if  for all  and  The usual notation for this relation is

Normal subgroups are important because they (and only they) can be used to construct quotient groups of the given group.  Furthermore, the normal subgroups of  are precisely the kernels of group homomorphisms with domain  which means that they can be used to internally classify those homomorphisms.

Évariste Galois was the first to realize the importance of the existence of normal subgroups.
Kerrianne Cox
Kerrianne Cox is an Aboriginal singer from Beagle Bay in Western Australia. She has toured widely around Australia and toured USA and South Africa and appeared in the musical Bran Nue Dae in 1996.

Cox was nominated in the Deadly Awards for Best Emerging Artist (1998) and Best Female Artist (1999, 2000, 2001), winning in 2001. She won a WAMi in 1997 as Best Indigenous Artist of the Year and in 2002 she received another nomination. In 2000 she was NAIDOC's Female Artist of the Year.

Beagle Bay Community, Western Australia
Beagle Bay is a medium-sized Aboriginal community on the western side of the Dampier Peninsula, north of Broome in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Beagle Bay was named in 1838 by John Clements Wickham, captain of HMS Beagle.