hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Veterans Art Museum
The National Veterans Art Museum (formerly the National Vietnam Veterans Art Museum) in  Portage Park, Chicago displays art produced by veterans from the Vietnam War and other wars and conflicts. Originally a traveling exhibition, while in Chicago it was viewed by Mayor Richard M. Daley, who was so taken by the power of the art that he immediately insisted that the city provide a permanent home for it. The entrance hall had 58,226 dog tags hanging from the ceiling, representing the US soldiers who died in Vietnam. It and the other exhibits have been described as deeply moving.

Dog tag
Military identification tag, also informally known as dog tag, is a common term for a specific type of identification tag worn by military personnel. The tags' primary use is for the identification of casualties; they have information about the individual written on them, including identification and essential basic medical information such as blood type and history of inoculations. They may indicate a religious preference as well. The term most likely originates from newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst in 1936. He used it in an article written to criticize Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposed New Deal which allegedly included worker identification tags. Hearst referred to them as "dog tags", comparing them to those worn in the military. Another proposed origin is from WWII draftees who referred to them as dog tags, either because of their poor treatment, or because of their resemblance to animal identification tags.
2014–15 Russian Cup
The 2014–15 Russian Cup, known as the 2014–15 Pirelli–Russian Football Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the 23rd season of the Russian football knockout tournament since the dissolution of Soviet Union.

The competition started on 8 July 2014. The cup champion won a spot in the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League group stage.

The final match was played on 21 May 2015 at the Central Stadium in Astrakhan.

Russian Cup (football)
The Russian Cup (Russian: Кубок России) is a football competition held annually by the Football Union of Russia for professional  and some amateur (only after a special permission and licensing by Russian Football Union) football clubs.

The winner of the competition ordinarily got a spot in the UEFA Europa League first qualifying round. However, all Russian clubs, as well as the national team, have been barred from European competition due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
There Are Rules
There Are Rules is the fifth studio album by American rock band The Get Up Kids, the band's first studio album release since 2004's Guilt Show. After their initial reunion, the band decided to challenge themselves to write and record an album in only two weeks without using any digital technology. Ultimately, due to conflicting schedules, they dropped the two-week deadline and recorded over several months in 2009 and 2010. Much of the album was recorded in the same sessions as their first post-reunion release, Simple Science, the song "Keith Case" being featured on both.

Simple Science
Simple Science is an EP by American rock band The Get Up Kids. The first official release from the band since re-forming after breaking up in 2005, and the first studio recording since 2004's Guilt Show, the EP was released April 13, 2010 on vinyl and April 27, 2010 on compact disc (both through the groups newly formed Flyover Records).
Stolpersteine in Vysočina Region
The Stolpersteine in the Kraj Vysočina lists the Stolpersteine in the Vysočina Region  (IPA: [ˈvɪsotʃɪna]; Czech: Kraj Vysočina "Highlands Region") in the south-east of Bohemia. Stolpersteine is the German name for stumbling blocks collocated all over Europe by German artist Gunter Demnig. They remember the fate of the Nazi victims being murdered, deported, exiled or driven to suicide.

Generally, the stumbling blocks are posed in front of the building where the victims had their last self chosen residence. The name of the Stolpersteine in Czech is: Kameny zmizelých, stones of the disappeared.

The lists are sortable; the basic order follows the alphabet according to the last name of the victim.

Vysočina Region
The Vysočina Region (IPA: [ˈvɪsotʃɪna]; Czech: Kraj Vysočina) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Jihlava.

The region is located in the central part of the country. It is one of just three in the country (the others being Prague and the Central Bohemian Region) which does not have a border with a foreign country.

The Vysočina Region is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the most in any region in the Czech Republic.
Ending Federal Marijuana Prohibition Act
The Ending Federal Marijuana Prohibition Act is a series of federal marijuana decriminalization bills that have been introduced multiple times in the United States Congress.

The bills propose to legalize and end the prohibition of marijuana at the federal level by amending the United States Code (removing Marijuana from the Controlled Substances Act). The bills eliminate criminal penalties for an individual who imports, exports, manufactures, distributes, or possesses with intent to distribute marijuana. Unless in violation of the laws of the jurisdiction thereof: they would allow the shipment and transportation of marijuana between states and territories of the United States, and exportation and importation to and from foreign states. They would transfer the authority to regulate marijuana from the Drug Enforcement Administration to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives.

United States Code
The United States Code, formally The Code of Laws of the United States of America, is the official codification of the general and permanent federal statutes of the United States. It contains 53 titles organized into numbered sections.

The U.S. Code is published by the U.S. House of Representatives' Office of the Law Revision Counsel. New editions are published every six years, with cumulative supplements issued each year. The official version of these laws appears in the United States Statutes at Large, a chronological, uncodified compilation.
Sykologos
Sykologos (Greek: Συκολόγος) is a village and a community in the southeastern part of the Heraklion regional unit, in Crete, Greece. The community includes the villages Ano Vigla and Tertsa. It is 81.5 km from Heraklion, 16 km from Ano Viannos, 28 km from Ierapetra and 7.5 km from the coastline of the Libyan Sea at Tertsa. Today it is a part of Municipality of Viannos. Olives and bananas are the main crops. The name Sykologos stems from an ancient word for "fig collector".

Ierapetra
Ierapetra (Greek: Ιεράπετρα, lit. 'sacred stone'; ancient name: Ἱεράπυτνα Hierápytna) is a Greek city and municipality located on the southeast coast of Crete. It is the fourth largest city on the island and the largest in the Lasithi regional unit, serving as Greece's main port in the Libyan Sea.
Bill Koman
William John Koman (September 16, 1934 – November 1, 2019) was an American professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for the Baltimore Colts, Philadelphia Eagles, and the Chicago/St. Louis Cardinals.

St. Louis Cardinals (NFL)
From 1960 to 1987, the professional American football team now known as the Arizona Cardinals played in St. Louis, Missouri, as the St. Louis Cardinals.

The team moved from Chicago to St. Louis in 1960, and played their first home game there on October 2 at Busch Stadium against the New York Giants. Their last home game in St. Louis, played at Busch Memorial Stadium on December 13, 1987, was also against the Giants. Their last game as a St. Louis–based club was on December 27, 1987, at the Dallas Cowboys.

During the Cardinals' 28 years in St. Louis, they advanced to the playoffs just four times (1964, 1974, 1975, and 1982), and never hosted a playoff game. Their only postseason win came in the 1964 Playoff Bowl.

Their winning percentage of .481 during their time in St. Louis—187 victories, 202 losses, and 13 ties—is better than those in the other two cities the Cardinals have called home.

The team moved to Tempe, Arizona, in 1988.
Alessandro Costa
Alessandro Costa  (6 February 1929 – 6 June 1992) was an Italian politician from Carrara who served on the Chamber of Deputies from 2 July 1987 to 22 April 1992. He was affiliated with the Italian Communist Party and the Democratic Party of the Left.

Carrara
Carrara (/kəˈrɑːrə/ kə-RAR-ə; Italian: [kaˈraːɾa]; Emilian: Carara, Emilian: [kaˈɾaːɾa]) is a town and comune in Tuscany, in northern Italy, of the province of Massa and Carrara, and notable for the white or blue-grey marble quarried there. It is on the Carrione River, some 100 kilometres (62 mi) west-northwest of Florence. Its motto is Latin: "Fortitudo mea in rota" ("My strength is in the wheel"), a reference firstly to the marble shipping industry from Roman times onwards.

During the contemporary era, the city and the surrounding region are closely linked to the history of the anarchist movement, with a significant part of its population being anarchist and many congresses being held there—one of the most notable being the Congress of Carrara (1968), which founded the International of Anarchist Federations (IAF), one of the main anarchist organizations to this day.
Karen Danczuk
Karen Marie Danczuk, née Burke (born 1983) is a British former local councillor for Kingsway, Rochdale metro. She came to prominence as the wife of Simon Danczuk, who was Member of Parliament for the Rochdale constituency from 2010 to 2017. In 2017, she applied to be a Labour MP.

Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale
The Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester in England. Its largest town is Rochdale and the wider borough covers other outlying towns and villages, including Heywood, Littleborough, Middleton & Milnrow. It is the ninth-largest district by population in Greater Manchester with a population of 235,561 in 2024.
Landesbischof
A Landesbischof (German: [ˈlandəsˌbɪʃɔf]) is the head of some Protestant regional churches in Germany. Based on the principle of summus episcopus (German: landesherrliches Kirchenregiment), after the Reformation each Lutheran prince assumed the position of supreme governor of the state church in his territory. After the First World War, all the German monarchies were abolished and in some regional churches a member of the clergy was elected as Landesbischof.

Regional churches not using the term Landesbischof for their chairpersons, and often also allowing laypersons to take that office, use titles such as bishop (Bischof, only clergy), church president (Kirchenpräsident), praeses (Präses), state superintendent (Landessuperintendent, only clergy) or secretary (Schriftführer).

Praeses
Praeses (Latin pl. praesides) is a Latin word meaning "placed before" or "at the head". In antiquity, notably under the Roman Dominate, it was used to refer to Roman governors; it continues to see some use for various modern positions.
Foma (software)
Foma is a free and open source finite-state toolkit created and maintained by Mans Hulden. It includes a compiler, programming language, and C library for constructing finite-state automata and transducers (FST's) for various uses, most typically Natural Language Processing uses such as morphological analysis.

Foma can replace the proprietary Xerox Finite State Toolkit for compiling and running FST's written in the lexc and xfst formalisms. The speed is comparable with the Xerox tools for most lexicons, although Foma can be 3 or 4 times slower for very large lexicons (e.g. >100,000 words). Foma is also one of the possible backends of the free and open source Helsinki Finite State Toolkit (where other backends provide support for further formalisms).

There are several FOSS morphologies written in lexc/xfst compatible with foma, e.g. for the Sámi, Cornish, Faroese, Finnish, Komi, Mari, Udmurt, Buriat, Greenlandic language and Iñupiaq languages.

Faroese language
Faroese (/ˌfɛəroʊˈiːz, ˌfær-/ ⓘ FAIR-oh-EEZ, FARR-; endonym: føroyskt [ˈføːɹɪst]) is a North Germanic language spoken as a first language by about 69,000 Faroe Islanders, of whom 21,000 reside mainly in Denmark and elsewhere.

It is one of five languages descended from Old West Norse spoken in the Middle Ages; the others include Norwegian, Icelandic, and the extinct Norn and Greenlandic Norse. Faroese and Icelandic, its closest extant relative, are not easily mutually intelligible in speech, but the written languages resemble each other quite closely, largely owing to Faroese's etymological orthography.
Åsgardfonna
Åsgardfonna is a glacier in Ny-Friesland on Spitsbergen, between Wijdefjorden and Lomfjorden. The glacier covers and area of about 1,230 km2 (470 sq mi). It is named after Åsgard in Norse mythology. Earlier names of the glacier are Åsgårdfonna and Névé dôme Asgård.

A study published in the scientific journal Nature in 2025, based on sediment analyses from the lakes of Berglivatnet and Lakssjøen, suggests that the ice cap of Åsgardfonna survived and possibly expanded in periods during the warmer-than-present Holocene climatic optimum.

Wijdefjorden
Wijdefjord is the longest fjord in Norway's Svalbard archipelago. Wijdefjord is located in the northern portion of the island of Spitsbergen, which lies in the Arctic Ocean about midway between Norway and the North Pole, and is the largest island in the archipelago. The fjord is 108 km (67 mi) long. Opening on Spitsbergen's north coast, it runs roughly southwards into the interior, separating Andrée Land in the west from Margaretas Land in the east. The southern half of the fjord is part of Indre Wijdefjorden National Park.
Rajwinder Kaur (field hockey, born 1998)
Rajwinder Kaur (born 19 November 1998) is an Indian field hockey player and a former member of Indian women's hockey team. She hails from Punjab. She plays for Indian Oil Corporation Limited in the domestic hockey tournaments. She plays as a forward.

India women's national field hockey team
The Indian women's national field hockey team represents India in international field hockey, and is governed by Hockey India. They are ranked 10th in the world and the second best team in Asia. They have won the gold at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and the 1982 Asian Games. They have also won the Asia Cup twice, in 2004 and 2017, and the Asian Champions Trophy thrice, in 2016, 2023 and 2024.
Reg Dixon (sailor)
Reginald Manning Dixon was a sailor from Canada, who represented his country in the 1932 Summer Olympics in the Snowbird in Los Angeles, United States as well as in the 1936 Summer Olympics in the O-Jolle in Kiel, Germany.

Sailing at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of 1936 consisted of a total of four sailing classes (disciplines). For each class seven races were scheduled from 29 August 1936 to 8 September 1936 at the Firth of Kiel.
Battle of Haugsnes
The Battle of Haugsnes (Icelandic: Haugsnesbardagi) was fought at Haugsnes, a low peninsula south of Flugumýri in Skagafjörður, Northern Iceland. The battle took place on April 19, 1246 between the forces of Þórður kakali Sighvatsson and those of Brandur Kolbeinsson. Þórður was victorious. It was the bloodiest battle ever to be fought in Icelandic history, with about 110 casualties in total, amongst them Brandur Kolbeinsson, chieftain of the Ásbirningar family clan. Defeat in battle led to the end of power for the Ásbirningar.

The artist and farmer Sigurður Hansen of Kringlumýri created a memorial for the battle at the site, consisting of more than 1100 boulders in battle order, each representing a combatant. Those who fell are marked with iron crosses.

Flugumýri
Flugumýri is a town and church site in the Blönduhlíð district of Skagafjörður, Iceland, at the base of Glóðafeykir mountain. It was, and is, a manorial estate. The town was the homestead of Þórir dúfunef (the dove-nosed) and, according to the Landnámabók, it was named for the mare Fluga, a quality horse that Þórir owned.
Michael Stanhope (died c. 1621)
Sir Michael Stanhope (c. 1549 – c. 1621), of Sudbourne, Suffolk, was an English politician. Stanhope was the youngest surviving son of Michael Stanhope and Anne Rawson.

He was a groom or gentlemen of the Privy Chamber to Elizabeth I. In November 1599 the Lord Keeper Thomas Egerton, seeking the queen's favour, asked him to give her a gift of pearls. She told Stanhope to return them to Egerton, and he thought Stanhope had let him down. Stanhope wrote to Sir Robert Cecil about this incident, and the illness of his wife's servant, which kept him from court for fear of spreading infection.

He was knighted in 1603 by King James I. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Castle Rising in 1584, Ipswich in 1597 and 1601, and for Orford in 1604.

There is a monument to him in Sudbourne church.

Castle Rising (UK Parliament constituency)
Castle Rising was a parliamentary borough in Norfolk, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1558 until it was abolished by the Great Reform Act 1832. Its famous members of Parliament included the future Prime Minister Robert Walpole and the diarist Samuel Pepys.
Sharks Sports and Entertainment
Sharks Sports & Entertainment (SSE) is the privately held parent and limited liability company of the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League. Based in San Jose, California, SSE not only oversees all areas of operation for the Sharks but also for several sports-related properties throughout the San Francisco Bay Area.

Established in 2000 as Silicon Valley Sports & Entertainment and rebranded to Sharks Sports & Entertainment in 2011, the focus of SSE is to leverage the organization’s core competencies to grow and/or acquire synergistic businesses that provide patrons with a variety of world-class sports and entertainment options while maintaining a championship-caliber National Hockey League team in San Jose.

SSE is owned by Sharks owner, German businessman, and philanthropist Dr. Hasso Plattner. SSE was previously owned by George Gund III and his brother Gordon Gund.

Gordon Gund
Gordon Gund (born October 15, 1939) is an American businessman and professional sports owner. He is the CEO of Gund Investment Corporation. He is the former co-owner of the San Jose Sharks (National Hockey League) from 1992 to 2002, former principal owner of the Cleveland Cavaliers (National Basketball Association) from 1983 to 2005, and former principal owner of the Cleveland Rockers (Women's National Basketball Association) from 1997 to 2003. Gund lost his sight to retinitis pigmentosa and was a co-founder of Foundation Fighting Blindness.
Gytha (princess)
Gytha or Gyda (Danish: Gyda Svendsdatter) was a Danish princess, daughter of King Sweyn Forkbeard, who ruled Denmark, England, and Norway.

She belonged to the Scylding dynasty, descended from Gorm the Old and Thyra. She was most likely the half-sister of King Cnut of England and the wife of the deposed Jarl of Lade, Eiríkr Hákonarson, who commanded Swedish forces at the Battle of Svolder (also known as the Battle of Øresund).

In modern historiography, the historicity of Gytha is questioned.

Eiríkr Hákonarson
Erik Hakonsson, also known as Eric of Hlathir or Eric of Norway (Old Norse: Eiríkr Hákonarson; 960s – 1020s), was Earl of Lade, Governor of Norway and Earl of Northumbria. He was the son of Earl Hákon Sigurðarson and brother of the legendary Aud Haakonsdottir of Lade. He participated in the Battle of Hjörungavágr, the Battle of Svolder and the conquest of England by King Canute the Great.
Manwal railway station
Manwal Railway Station  is a railway station serving near Manwal town, in Udhampur district of the Jammu and Kashmir territory of India. It is under Firozpur railway division of Northern Railway Zone of Indian Railways. It is located on Jammu- Udhampur line of the Indian Railways.

It is provided with Solar Power. Railway station lighting and fans are working on solar power. The JK state electric supply is a standby source, which can be used in case of any failure of solar system.

It is located at 491 m above sea level and has one platforms. As of 2016, single  Broad Gauge railway line exist and at this station, 2 trains stops. Jammu Airport, is at distance of 30 kilometers.

Station is well connected with the road transportation to nearby cities.

Jammu Airport
Jammu Airport, officially known as Jammu Civil Enclave (IATA: IXJ, ICAO: VIJU), is a domestic airport serving Jammu, the winter capital of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is located 6.1 km (3.8 mi) south of the city centre and 14 km (8.7 mi) from the India–Pakistan border.
Mavis Grind
Mavis Grind (Old Norse: Mæfeiðs grind or Mæveiðs grind, meaning "gate of the narrow isthmus") is a narrow isthmus joining the Northmavine peninsula to the rest of the island of Mainland in the Shetland Islands, Scotland.  It is just over 90 metres (295 ft) at its narrowest point.

Mavis Grind carries the main A970 road to Hillswick in the northwest of Shetland and is about two miles (3.2 km) west of the settlement of Brae. It is said to be the only place in the UK where you can toss a stone across land from the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean. To the west of the isthmus is St Magnus Bay of the Atlantic and to the east is Sullom Voe, an arm of the North Sea.

It is a regular crossing point for otters, which in Shetland are sea-dwelling. In 1999, local volunteers successfully helped to demonstrate whether Viking ships could be carried across the isthmus, instead of sailing around the end of the island.

Remains of a late Bronze Age settlement have been found close by.

Isthmus
An isthmus (/ˈɪs(θ)məs/ ISS-məs, ISTH-məs; pl.: isthmuses or isthmi /-maɪ/ -⁠my; from Ancient Greek ἰσθμός isthmós 'neck') is a narrow piece of land connecting two larger areas across an expanse of water by which they are otherwise separated. A tombolo is an isthmus that consists of a spit or bar, and a strait is the sea counterpart of an isthmus, a narrow stretch of sea between two landmasses that connects two larger bodies of water.
Greater Israel
"Greater Israel"  (Hebrew: ארץ ישראל השלמה, romanized: Eretz Yisrael HaShlema) is an expression with several different biblical and political meanings over time. It is often used, in an irredentist fashion, to refer to the historic or desired borders of the State of Israel.

Territorial claims of Israeli Nationalist or Zionist movements have varied, depending on the time period and different groups of proponents such as Labor Zionist, Revisionist Zionist, or Religious Zionist groups. There are two different primary uses of the term Greater Israel – one referring more narrowly to the area internationally recognized as part of the State of Israel along with the Golan Heights, West Bank, and Gaza Strip; and a second definition referring to the much larger region stretching from the river Nile to the Euphrates.

Idiom
An idiom is a phrase or expression that largely or exclusively carries a figurative or non-literal meaning, rather than making any literal sense.  Categorized as formulaic language, an idiomatic expression's meaning is different from the literal meanings of each word inside it.

Idioms occur frequently in all languages. In English alone there are an estimated twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions. Some well known idioms in English are "spill the beans" (meaning "reveal secret information"), "it's raining cats and dogs" (meaning "it's raining intensely"), and "break a leg" (meaning "good luck").