hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Route 46 (MTA Quickbus)
Route 46 was a limited stop bus route, identified as a "Quickbus", operated by the Maryland Transit Administration in Baltimore. The line ran from the Cedonia Loop in Northeast Baltimore to the Paradise Loop, in Catonsville. Service operated every 15 minutes during rush hour only. The line served the corridors of Frederick Avenue in West Baltimore, and Sinclair Lane/Cedonia Ave in Northeast Baltimore including the communities of Yale Heights, and Gwynns Falls in West Baltimore, and Berea and Parkside in East Baltimore.

Unlike a local bus, the 46 did not stop at every bus stop along its route; rather, its stops were limited to certain locations of importance, including transfer points to other bus lines, major landmarks, and other busy intersections selected by MTA. In all, there are 42 stops along the route.

Limited-stop
In public transit, particularly bus, tram, or train transportation, a limited-stop (or sometimes referred to as semi-fast) service is a trip pattern that stops less frequently than a local service. Many limited-stop or semi-fast services are a combination of commuter rail and express train.

The term is normally used on routes with a mixture of fast and slow services, and can differ in meaning, depending on how it is used by different transit agencies. The main benefits of limited-stop or semi-fast services is the ability to utilise skip-stop calling pattern to maximise capacity along the line, as opposed to a commuter service stopping at every station which slows trailing express trains down.
Christoph Wilhelm Jacob Gatterer
Christoph Wilhelm Jacob Gatterer (December 2, 1759 – September 11, 1838) was a German cameralist and natural historian born in Göttingen. He was the son of historian Johann Christoph Gatterer (1727–1799).

He studied natural sciences and mineralogy in Göttingen, earning his degree in 1778. In 1787 he became a professor of agriculture, forestry and technology at the University of Heidelberg. He later became a professor of diplomatics, and in 1803 was appointed director of the Schloßgarten in Heidelberg.

Gatterer was the author of Anleitung den Harz und andere Bergwerke mit Nutzen zu bereisen (1785–1794), a five-volume work on the Harz Mountains that placed emphasis on the region's natural history.

Harz
The Harz (German: [haːɐ̯ts] ⓘ), also called the Harz Mountains, is a highland area in northern Germany. It has the highest elevations for that region, and its rugged terrain extends across parts of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia. The name Harz derives from the Middle High German word Hardt or Hart (hill forest). The name Hercynia derives from a Celtic name and could refer to other mountain forests, but has also been applied to the geology of the Harz. The Brocken is the highest summit in the Harz with an elevation of 1,141.1 metres (3,744 ft) above sea level. The Wurmberg (971 metres (3,186 ft)) is the highest peak located entirely within the state of Lower Saxony.
Alabama Amendment 1
Alabama Amendment 1 can refer to several amendments:

1999 Alabama Amendment 1

2020 Alabama Amendment 1

2022 Alabama Amendment 1

March 2024 Alabama Amendment 1

November 2024 Alabama Amendment 1

2026 Alabama Amendment 1

November 2024 Alabama Amendment 1
Alabama Amendment 1 is a legislatively referred constitutional amendment that appeared on the ballot in the US state of Alabama on November 5, 2024, concurrent with the 2024 United States elections. When passed, the amendment allowed the Franklin County Board of Education to manage, sell, or lease land in the Franklin County school system.
Arnulf von Arnim
Arnulf von Arnim (born 1947 in Hamburg) is a German classical pianist and professor.

Von Arnim studied in Germany and France and attended classes by Claudio Arrau and Wilhelm Kempff. He is the winner of several prizes - Viotti (Vercelli), Busoni (Bolzano). He has recorded concertos and sonatas by Schubert, Schumann, Liszt and others. He appears often as a jury member at major international piano contests.

In 1988, he started the Accademia Internazionale Estiva di Cervo with his wife Elfe, a meeting forum for young musical talents from all over the world, who attend master classes held by prestigious international musicians every September 1 to 12.

Piano sonata
A piano sonata is a sonata written for a solo piano. Piano sonatas are usually written in three or four movements, although some piano sonatas have been written with a single movement (Liszt, Scriabin, Prokofiev, Berg), others with two movements (Haydn, Beethoven), some contain five (Brahms' Third Piano Sonata, Czerny's Piano Sonata No. 1, Godowsky's Piano Sonata) or even more movements. The first movement is generally composed in sonata form.
Kulap
Kulap figurines of limestone or chalk were made in Melanesia. The small funerary sculptures from New Ireland were associated with death rituals. They are typical in the hilly Punam region of the New Ireland province in Papua New Guinea of the Bismarck Archipelago. They were believed to contain the soul of the deceased person whom they were meant to represent, and would be ritually smashed once their usefulness or the period of mourning was over. In more recent years, some have been sold in their intact forms to Westerners, particularly to German administrators.

Bismarck Archipelago
The Bismarck Archipelago (German: Bismarck-Archipel, pronounced [ˈbɪsmaʁk ˌaʁçiˈpeːl]) is a group of islands located just off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. Its area is about 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi).
Beach ball
A beach ball is an inflatable ball for beach and water games. Their large size and light weight require little effort to propel them.

Beach balls became popular in the beach-themed films of the 1960s starring Annette Funicello and Frankie Avalon. These movies include Beach Party, Muscle Beach Party, Beach Blanket Bingo and How to Stuff a Wild Bikini.

Beach Party
Beach Party is a 1963 American film and the first of seven beach party films from American International Pictures (AIP) aimed at a teen audience. This film is often credited with creating the beach party film genre.
DeLeón Tequila
DeLeón Tequila is a brand of the alcoholic beverage tequila owned by Diageo. It is certified as 100% blue Weber agave tequila. DeLeón is produced in the town of Purísima del Rincón in the Mexican state of Guanajuato. The city name literally translates to "Purest of the Corner" and the town is named after the Immaculate Conception.

The brand was founded by Brent Hocking in 2008 and purchased in 2013 by Sean "Puff Daddy" Combs and the beverages giant Diageo as equal ownership partners. The joint ownership was terminated in 2024 after a legal dispute, leaving Diageo the sole owner.

Purísima del Rincón
Purísima del Rincón is a Mexican municipality located in the state of Guanajuato, founded on January 1, 1603. Its municipal seat is the town of Purísima de Bustos.

The municipality has an area of 288.44 square kilometres (0.95% of the surface of the state), and is bordered to the north and east by San Francisco del Rincón, to the south by Manuel Doblado, and to the west by the state of Jalisco. The municipality had 68,795 inhabitants according to the 2010 census.

Purísima del Rincón is named after the Immaculate Conception. In 1954, Purísima de Bustos was named after Hermenegildo Bustos, an artist born in the city.

The municipal president of Purísima del Rincón and its many smaller outlying communities is Tomás Torres Montañez.
Zhuge Village
Zhuge Village or Zhugecun (traditional Chinese: 諸葛村; simplified Chinese: 诸葛村; pinyin: Zhūgě Cūn) is a historic village located in Zhuge town (诸葛镇), Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China. Originally called Gaolong (高隆), the village changed its name to Zhuge during the Ming Dynasty due to the prevalence of the Zhuge surname among the villagers. The residents claim they are the descendants of the famed Shu Han chancellor Zhuge Liang of the 3rd century CE. The village was designated a national heritage site in 1996, and contains relics which are 700 years old.

Jinhua
Jinhua is a prefecture-level city in central Zhejiang province in eastern China. It borders the provincial capital of Hangzhou to the northwest, Quzhou to the southwest, Lishui to the south, Taizhou to the east, and Shaoxing to the northeast. Its population was 7,050,683 as of the 2020 census including 1,463,990 in the built-up (or metro) area made of two urban districts (not including yet the satellite city of Lanxi, which has become essentially a suburban offshoot of Jinhua's main urban area).

Jinhua is rich in red soil and forest resources. The Jinhua or Wu River flows through the Lan and Fuchun to the Qiantang River beside Hangzhou, which flows into Hangzhou Bay and the East China Sea. In medieval China, it formed part of the water network feeding supplies to the southern end of the Grand Canal. It is best known for its dry-cured Jinhua ham.
Paul Bulluss
Paul Bulluss (born 23 January 1970) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the 1990s.

Originally from South Australian National Football League (SANFL) club Woodville-West Torrens, Bulluss was drafted with the 52nd pick of the 1992 AFL draft. He played 19 games in his debut season and in 1995 participated in Richmond's finals series. A key defender, he also played for South Australia in their State of Origin match against Victoria at the MCG in 1995.

After leaving Richmond at the end of the 1998 season he joined Balywn in the Southern Football League with whom he won a premiership. Bullus was named in the Woodville-West Torrens 'Team of the Decade'.

Woodville-West Torrens Football Club
Woodville-West Torrens Football Club is an Australian rules football club playing in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). The club was formed in 1990 from a merger of the neighbouring Woodville and West Torrens football clubs and played its inaugural game in 1991.  Since 1993, the Eagles have played most of their home games at Woodville's home ground of Woodville Oval, having previously used Football Park.
2007–08 Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1
The 2007–08 Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1 was the 82nd season of top-tier football in Tunisia. It saw Club Africain crowned as champions. Stade Gabésien and Espérance Sportive de Zarzis were relegated to Ligue Professionnelle 2.

It was played in a traditional league format, with 14 teams playing 26 rounds, two matches against every opposing team.

Club Sportif Sfaxien had two points deducted from their end of season total due to walking off field before completion of their round 15 game against Espérance Sportive de Tunis.

ES Zarzis
Espérance Sportive de Zarzis (Arabic: الترجي الرياضي الجرجيسي known as ES Zarzis or simply ESZ for short, is a Tunisian football club based in Zarzis. The club was founded in 1934 by Haj Ali Bouchhioua  and its colours are yellow, red and black. Their home stadium, Abdessalam Kazouz Stadium, has a capacity of 10,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1.
Chance for Peace speech
The Chance for Peace speech, also known as the Cross of Iron speech, was an address given by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower on April 16, 1953, shortly after the death of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. Speaking only three months into his presidency, Eisenhower likened arms spending to stealing from the people, and evoked William Jennings Bryan in describing "humanity hanging from a cross of iron." Although Eisenhower, a former military man, spoke against increased military spending, the Cold War deepened during his administration and political pressures for increased military spending mounted. By the time he left office in 1961, he felt it necessary to warn of the military-industrial complex in his final address.

Military–industrial complex
The expression military–industrial complex (MIC) describes the relationship between a country's military and the defense industry that supplies it, seen together as a vested interest which influences public policy. A driving factor behind the relationship between the military and the defense corporations is that both sides benefit—one side from obtaining weapons, and the other from being paid to supply them.

The term is most often used in reference to the system behind the armed forces of the United States, where the relationship is most prevalent due to close links among defense contractors, the Department of Defense, and politicians. The expression gained popularity after a warning of the relationship's harmful effects, in the farewell address of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1961. The term has also been used in relation to Russia, especially since its 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
Kenny Drew Jr.
Kenny Drew Jr. (June 14, 1958 – August 3, 2014) was an American jazz pianist. His music is known for its hard-swinging bluesy sound and large, two-handed rooty chords contrasting with fast runs. The son of jazz pianist Kenny Drew, he did not credit his father as an influence.

Root (chord)
In music theory, the root of a chord is the note that names and typifies the chord. Tertian chords are named based on (1) their root, (2) their quality (assumed to be major if no quality is named), and (3) their extensions, if any (assumed to be a triad if no extensions are named). For example, a C chord refers to a C major triad, a major triad built on the note C, which is its root.

The root of a tertian chord is the note on which the subsequent thirds are stacked (though on occasion, some of the notes in the stack may be omitted). For instance, the root of the E minor triad is E, independent of the vertical placement of the three notes that compose it (i.e., E, G, and B).

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John Moore (photographer)
John Moore (born 1967) is an American photographer. He works for Getty images among others. His work has received several awards, including a Pulitzer Prize in 2005. His photograph of a two-year-old girl, crying as US Border Patrol officers begin to search her mother prior to taking both of them into custody for illegally crossing the US-Mexican border, was named World Press Photo 2018.

World Press Photo of the Year
The World Press Photo of the Year award is part of the World Press Photo Awards, organized by the Dutch foundation World Press Photo.

Considered one of the most prestigious and coveted awards in photojournalism, the World Press Photo of the Year is awarded to the image that "... is not only the photojournalistic encapsulation of the year, but represents an issue, situation or event of great journalistic importance, and does so in a way that demonstrates an outstanding level of visual perception and creativity."

The jury, composed of 10 members, also assigns the World Press Photo Story of the Year to a multi-image story that explores a theme of social relevance distinguished by photographic intensity and importance of the content. The creators of the two main awards receive a cash prize corresponding to €5,000.

In addition to the two main prizes, 3 single photo prizes and 3 story prizes are also awarded in each of eight categories.
Jeet Lal
Jeet Lal Patel (born 1969) is an Indian politician from Uttar Pradesh. He is a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Vishwanath Ganj Assembly constituency in Pratapgarh district. He won the 2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election representing the Apna Dal (Soneylal).

Apna Dal (Soneylal)
Apna Dal (Soneylal) (abbreviated as AD(S); translation: Our Party (Soneylal))  is a state-level Indian political party. President of the party is Anupriya Patel, and vice president is Mata Badal Tiwari.

The party has 13 MLA in the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. Apna Dal is the third largest political party in Uttar Pradesh in terms of number of MLAs.
Orthetrum boumiera
Orthetrum boumiera is a freshwater dragonfly species in the family Libellulidae,
endemic to eastern Australia,
where it inhabits dune lakes.
The common name for this species is brownwater skimmer.

Orthetrum boumiera is a medium-sized, yellow dragonfly with black markings. Adult males develop an extensive blue pruinescence, while females will become slightly pruinescent.

Pruinescence
Pruinescence /ˌpruːɪˈnɛsəns/, or pruinosity, is a "frosted" or dusty-looking coating on top of a surface. It may also be called a pruina (plural: pruinae), from the Latin word for hoarfrost. The adjectival form is pruinose /ˈpruːɪnoʊs, -z/.
Saint-Martin-des-Champs, Finistère
Saint-Martin-des-Champs (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ maʁtɛ̃ de ʃɑ̃] ⓘ; Breton: Sant-Martin-war-ar-Maez) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France. Since 2014 the mayor has been François Hamon, who was reelected in 2020.

Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.
Blanche Ostertag
Blanche Adele Ostertag (August 27, 1872 – November 13, 1915) was an American decorative artist. She is best remembered for her decorative painting and delight in children as subjects. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, she first studied for one month at the St. Louis Museum of Fine Arts in 1892 and then moved to Paris. At the Académie Julian, she was a pupil of Rodolphe Julian, Jean-Paul Laurens, Constant, and also studied with Raphael Collin, Léon-Augustin Lhermitte, and Delance. Her awards include the Revell prize, for school room decoration, St. Louis. Her work includes mural decorations: "Sailing of the Claremont," New Amsterdam Theatre, New York; "Old Indian Fort," Northwestern Railway Station, Green Bay, Wisconsin; "Everlasting Covenant" (5 panels), "The Songs of David" (3 panels), and mosaics, Husser House, Chicago; Illustrations for "Old Songs for Young America." She exhibited in Champ de Mars Salons (1895, 1896) and was a member of the Society of Western Artists.

Society of Western Artists (1896–1914)
The Society of Western Artists was founded by William Forsyth, T. C. Steele, J. Ottis Adams, John Elwood Bundy and fourteen other artists in 1896.  Most of these were painters, Impressionists, primarily active in the American Midwest.

Other members included Frank J. Girardin, Frank Reaugh and Mathias Alten, and the miniature portraitist Edward William Carlson.

The Society of Western Artists "was organized in 1896 for the purpose of uniting artists in fellowship and of combining their efforts in the advancement of Art. As one of the means to this end the Society gathers together, annually, a collection of representative works, chiefly done in the middle west, and exhibits the collection in various cities."
Lisa Ecker
Lisa Ecker (born 19 September 1992) is an Austrian female artistic gymnast who competed at the senior international elite level. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio, placing 43rd; it was only the second time that Austria was represented in artistic gymnastics at the Olympics, after a hiatus of 48 years. In 2017, she retired from competition, having won seven World Challenge Cup medals and 14 national titles, and having reached one European Championship final.

FIG World Cup
FIG World Cup refers to a number of events organized by the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) across seven competitive gymnastics disciplines: 1) acrobatic gymnastics, 2) aerobic gymnastics, 3) men's artistic gymnastics, 4) women's artistic gymnastics, 5) women's rhythmic gymnastics, 6) trampoline and tumbling, and 7) parkour.
2012 in Japan
Events in the year 2012 in Japan.

The year 2012 corresponded to the year Heisei 24 (平成24年) in the Japanese calendar. It means the Year of dragon when the 12th day is done it beings the Year of the rat.

Ikuo Kabashima
Ikuo Kabashima (蒲島 郁夫, Kabashima Ikuo; born January 28, 1947) is a Japanese politician and a former governor of Kumamoto Prefecture. Kabashima served as governor for 4 terms, between 2008 and 2024.

Ikuo Kabashima received a bachelor's and master's degrees in Animal Science and Agricultural Economics from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. He received a Ph.D. in political economy from Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government in 1979. He studied under Samuel P. Huntington and Sidney Verba in HKS.

Kabashima was an associate professor at the Institute of Policy and Planning Sciences of the University of Tsukuba from 1986 to 1991. He became a professor in 1991 and in 1996 was named dean of the Graduate School of International Political Economy. In 1997 he became a professor of law at the University of Tokyo.

Kabahsima led the development of Kumamon, a promotional mascot that gained popularity both in Japan and abroad.
IBML
ibml (Imaging Business Machines, L.L.C.), founded in 1992, is a privately held information capture company headquartered in  Irondale, Alabama, United States. Combining hardware and software products and services, ibml products provide end-to-end scanning and document capture.

Irondale, Alabama
Irondale is a city in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is a suburb of Birmingham, northeast of Homewood and Mountain Brook. At the 2020 census, the population was 13,497.

The city is the site of Catholic radio/television broadcaster Eternal Word Television Network, or (EWTN). The city's annual Whistle-Stop Festival attracts thousands to its eclectic mix of art, food and music.
Bodhisena
Bodhisena or Bodaisenna (704–760 CE) was a Buddhist scholar and monk from India known for traveling to Japan and China and establishing the Kegon school, the Japanese transmission of the Huayan school of Chinese Buddhism. He is the first known Indian visitor to Japan.

His stay has been noted in the official history records called the Shoku Nihongi, where he is referred to as Bodai-Senna.

Emperor Shōmu
Emperor Shōmu (聖武天皇, Shōmu-tennō; September 22, 701 – June 4, 756) was the 45th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Shōmu's reign spanned the years 724 through 749, during the Nara period.
Jonathan Pélissié
Jonathan Pélissié (born 6 June 1988) is a French former international rugby union player.

Pélissié, who was born in Aubergenville, competed in the Top 14 for CA Brive, FC Grenoble, Montpellier, RC Toulon and Lyon OU. In 2013, Pélissié earned a Test cap for France in a Test against Tonga in Le Havre, coming on as a second-half substitute for scrum-half Morgan Parra. He finished his career after the 2022–23 Top 14 season.

Montpellier Hérault Rugby
Montpellier Hérault Rugby (MHR) (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃pɛlje eʁo ʁyɡbi klœb, -pəl-]; Occitan: Montpelhièr Erau Rugbi Club) is a French professional rugby union club, based in Montpellier, Occitanie and named after the Hérault department. The club competes in the top level of the French league system, the Top 14. They originally played at Stade Sabathé (capacity 5,000) but moved in 2007 to the Stade Yves-du-Manoir, later known as Altrad Stadium, and since renamed the GGL Stadium. They wear white and blue.