hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Drug liking
Drug liking is a measure of the pleasurable (hedonic) experience when a person consumes drugs. It is commonly used to study the misuse liability of drugs. Drug liking is often measured using unipolar and bipolar visual analogue scales (VAS), such as the Drug Liking VAS, the High VAS, the Take Drug Again (TDA) VAS, and the Overall Drug Liking (ODL) VAS. There is a dissociation of drug liking from drug wanting (unconscious attribution of incentive salience). Drugs that increase scores on drug-liking measures include amphetamines, cocaine, methylphenidate, MDMA, opioids, benzodiazepines, Z-drugs, barbiturates, alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine (limitedly), among others.

Barbiturate
Barbiturates are a class of depressant drugs that are chemically derived from barbituric acid. They are effective when used medically as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants, but have physical and psychological addiction potential as well as overdose potential among other possible adverse effects. They have been used recreationally for their anti-anxiety and sedative effects, and are thus controlled in most countries due to the risks associated with such use.

Barbiturates have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines ("Z-drugs") in routine medical practice, particularly in the treatment of anxiety disorders and insomnia, because of the significantly lower risk of overdose, and the lack of an antidote for barbiturate overdose. Despite this, barbiturates are still in use for various purposes: in general anesthesia, epilepsy, treatment of acute migraines or cluster headaches, acute tension headaches, euthanasia, capital punishment, and assisted suicide.
Charles Levin (judge)
Charles Leonard Levin (April 28, 1926 – November 19, 2020) was an American judge. He served as a Michigan Court of Appeals judge from 1966 to 1972 and as a justice of the Michigan Supreme Court from 1973 to 1996.

Michigan Court of Appeals
The Michigan Court of Appeals is the intermediate-level appellate court of the state of Michigan.  It was created by the Michigan Constitution of 1963, and commenced operations in 1965. Its opinions are reported both in an official publication of the State of Michigan, Michigan Appeals Reports, as well as the unofficial, privately published North Western Reporter, published by West. Appeals from this court's decisions go to the Michigan Supreme Court.
Anna Möller
Anna Möller (born 1980 in Hamburg) is a German artist.

She studied at the Hochschule für bildende Künste Hamburg.

From 2004 to 2008, she ran the exhibition space Pudelkollektion (Poodle Collection) in the Golden Pudel Club in Hamburg, with Hannes Loichinger and Tillmann Terbuyken.

She lives and works in Hamburg and Berlin.

Hochschule für bildende Künste Hamburg
The Hochschule für bildende Künste Hamburg, also known as HFBK Hamburg, is an arts university in Hamburg, in northern Germany. It dates to 1767, when it was called the Hamburger Gewerbeschule; later it became known as Landeskunstschule Hamburg. The main building, in the Uhlenhorst quarter of Hamburg-Nord borough, was designed by architect Fritz Schumacher, and built between 1911 and 1913. In 1970, it was accredited as an artistic-scientific university.
Liberty Warehouse
Liberty Warehouse is a historic tobacco warehouse located at Mullins, Marion County, South Carolina. It was built about 1923, and is a 1 1/2-story, brick warehouse.  It features stepped parapets and has a metal double gable roof.  The warehouse is associated with the Daniel family, the most prominent family associated with tobacco in Mullins.

It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Warehouse
A warehouse is a building for storing goods. Warehouses are used by manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial parks on the outskirts of cities, towns, or villages.

Warehouses usually have loading docks to load and unload goods from trucks. Sometimes warehouses are designed for the loading and unloading of goods directly from railways, airports, or seaports. They often have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are usually placed on ISO standard pallets and then loaded into pallet racks. Stored goods can include any raw materials, packing materials, spare parts, components, or finished goods associated with agriculture, manufacturing, and production.

In India and Hong Kong, a warehouse may be referred to as a godown. There are also godowns in the Shanghai Bund.
Science Express
The Science Express is a mobile scientific exhibition for children mounted on a train which travels across India. The project was launched on 30 October 2007 at the Safdarjung railway station, Delhi by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India. Although open to all, the project primarily targets students and teachers. As of 2017, the train has had nine phases and has showcased exhibitions on three themes.  The first four phases from 2007 to 2011 were called "Science Express" and were focused on micro and macro cosmos. The next three phases from 2012 to 2014 remodelled the exhibits as "Biodiversity Special". The eighth and ninth phase from 2015 to 2017 was redesigned to focus on "Climate Change".

Delhi Safdarjung railway station
Delhi Safdarjung railway station is a small railway station in Safdarjung which is a residential and commercial neighborhood of the South Delhi district of Delhi. Its code is DSJ. The station is part of Delhi Suburban Railway. The station consist of three platforms. The station is close to the RLDA (Railway Land Development Authority) headquarter and AIIMS Delhi.
Ptenopus garrulus
Ptenopus garrulus, also known commonly as the common barking gecko and the whistling gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is native to southern Africa. There are two recognized subspecies.

Gekkonidae
Gekkonidae (the common geckos) is the largest family of geckos, containing over 950 described species in 62 genera. The Gekkonidae contain many of the most widespread gecko species, including house geckos (Hemidactylus), the tokay gecko (Gekko), day geckos (Phelsuma), the  mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus), and dtellas (Gehyra). Gekkonid geckos occur globally and are particularly diverse in tropical areas. Many species of these geckos exhibit an adhering ability to surfaces through Van der Waals forces utilizing intermolecular forces between molecules of their setae (foot hair) and molecules of the surface they are on.

The genus Hemidactylus is one of the most species-rich and widely distributed of all reptile genera.
Wooden Mask of Kushmandi
Wooden Mask of Kushmandi, also known as Kushmandi Mask or Gomira Dance  Mask and locally as Mukha, is a traditional cultural heritage of Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a ritualistic non-vocal dance form mask worn by the local communities during the performance, to usher in Good forces and drive out Evil forces from the Villages.

Kushmandi's Wooden Mask has been accredited with a Geographical Indication (GI) tag in 2018.

Dakshin Dinajpur district
Dakshin Dinajpur (Bengali pronunciation: [dokkʰiɳ dinadʒpur]), also known as South Dinajpur, is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal, India. It was created on 1 April 1992 by the division of the erstwhile West Dinajpur District. The headquarters (sadar) of the district is at Balurghat. It comprises two subdivisions: Balurghat and Gangarampur. According to the 2011 census, it is the seventh populous district of West Bengal (out of 23).
Aram Nerow-e Pain
Aram Nerow-e Pain (Persian: ارام نروپائين, also Romanized as Ārām Nerow-e Pā’īn; also known as Ārām Nerow) is a village in Chehel Chay Rural District, in the Central District of Minudasht County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 237, in 62 families.

Golestan province
Golestan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country and southeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Gorgan, formerly called Esterabad until 1937. Golestan was split off from Mazandaran Province in 1997.

Golestan province borders Turkmenistan to the north. One of the key border points between the two countries is Incheh Borun, which serves as a vital crossing point.

The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014. The majority of its population are Shia Muslims.
Twitchell Airport
Twitchell Airport (FAA LID: 3B5) (aka Twitchell's Airport/Seaplane Base) in Turner, Maine, United States, was a public, privately owned airport.  It had one asphalt runway, one turf, and Androscoggin River access for water landings. It averaged 98 flights per day, and had approximately 73 aircraft based on its field.

Twitchell Airport had a fixed-base operator (FBO), Dirigo Aerospace Solutions, LLC. It offered major and minor maintenance jobs, fleet maintenance, fuel, hangar space for rent, and a Skyhawk for rent. DAS also supported seaplane operations with 100LL at the seaplane dock and all seaplane maintenance needs.

Twitchell Airport closed November 2022.

Androscoggin River
The Androscoggin River (Abenaki: Ammoscongon) is a river in the U.S. states of Maine and New Hampshire, in northern New England. It is 178 miles (286 km) long and joins the Kennebec River at Merrymeeting Bay in Maine before its water empties into the Gulf of Maine on the Atlantic Ocean. Its drainage basin is 3,530 square miles (9,100 km2) in area. The name "Androscoggin" comes from the Eastern Abenaki term Ammoscongon, which referred to the entire portion of the river north of the Great Falls in Lewiston, Maine. The Anglicization of the Abenaki term is likely an analogical contamination with the colonial governor Edmund Andros.
Martin Stropnický
Martin Stropnický (born 19 December 1956) is a Czech politician and diplomat who served as the minister of Foreign Affairs from December 2017 to June 2018, and was previously minister of Defence from 2014 to 2017. From 2 January 1998 to 22 July 1998 he also served as the minister of Culture. Before entering politics, he was an actor, songwriter, author and director.

Ministry of Defence (Czech Republic)
The Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic (Czech: Ministerstvo obrany České republiky, MO ČR) is the primary agency of the Czech Republic responsible for the planning and carrying-out of defence policy. It is the Czech Republic's ministry of defence. It is the direct successor of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Defence. Its current headquarters is located in Prague. The current minister of defence is Jaromír Zůna, who has been in office since 15 December 2025.

As of January 1, 2024, 27,826 professional soldiers were in the Ministry of Defence, of which 3988 women were in the Ministry of Defence. These figures reflect the number of members of the Army of the Czech Republic as well as soldiers operating directly in the Ministry and its subordinate organizations.
2026 Men's EuroHockey U21 Championship
The 2026 Men's EuroHockey U21 Championship will be the 22nd edition of the Men's EuroHockey U21 Championship, the biennial international men's under-21 field hockey championship of Europe organised by the European Hockey Federation.

It will be held alongside the women's tournament in Valencia, Spain from 26 July to 1 August 2026. It will be eighth time the tournament will be held in Spain and for the third time for Valencia.

The hosts Spain are the defending champions as they defeated the Netherlands 3–1 in the 2024 final to win their fourth title.

Spain men's national under-21 field hockey team
The Spain men's national under-21 field hockey team represents Spain in men's international under-21 field hockey competitions and is controlled by the Royal Spanish Hockey Federation, the governing body for field hockey in Spain.

The team competes in the EuroHockey U21 Championships and has qualified for all editions of the Junior World Cups except the 1985 edition. Their biggest successes where the bronze medal at the 2005 Junior World Cup and 2023 edition and their four titles at the EuroHockey U21 Championships.
Peter Laurie
Sir Peter Laurie (3 March 1778 – 3 December 1861) was a British politician who served as Lord Mayor of London.

He was appointed  Sheriff of the City of London for 1823 and elected Lord Mayor for 1832. From 1838 until his death, he was Chairman of the Union Bank of London. He also worked as a saddler, who supplied saddles for the Indian army, and wrote two books on prison reform. He was knighted in 1824 and is buried in the western section of Highgate Cemetery.

Prison reform
Prison reform is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons, improve the effectiveness of a penal system, reduce recidivism or implement alternatives to incarceration. It also focuses on ensuring the reinstatement of those whose lives are impacted by crimes.

In modern times, the idea of making living spaces safe and clean has extended from the civilian population to include prisons, based on ethical grounds. It is recognized that unsafe and unsanitary prisons violate constitutional prohibitions against cruel and unusual punishment. In recent times prison reform ideas include greater access to legal counsel and family, conjugal visits, proactive security against violence, and implementing house arrest with assistive technology.
Chaetogaster
Chaetogaster is a genus belonging to the segmented worms (Annelida). It is classified in the family Naididae (subfamily Naidinae) in the order Oligochaeta. These are ca. 2–25 mm long transparent worms that are very common in fresh water and often form chains of individuals through asexual multiplication.

Oligochaeta
Oligochaeta is a subclass of soft-bodied animals in the phylum Annelida, which is made up of many types of aquatic and terrestrial worms, including all of the various earthworms.  Specifically, oligochaetes comprise the terrestrial megadrile earthworms (some of which are semiaquatic or fully aquatic), and freshwater or semiterrestrial microdrile forms, including the tubificids, pot worms and ice worms (Enchytraeidae), blackworms (Lumbriculidae) and several interstitial marine worms.

With around 10,000 known species, the Oligochaeta make up about half of the phylum Annelida. These worms usually have few setae (chaetae) or "bristles" on their outer body surfaces, and lack parapodia, unlike polychaeta.
2026 Antalya Challenger 1
The 2026 Antalya Challenger 1 (also known as the Megasaray Hotels Open for sponsorship reasons) is an upcoming professional women's tennis tournament to be played on outdoor clay courts. It will be the fifth edition of the tournament and the first in a series of three WTA 125 tournaments played at the same venue in consecutive weeks in 2026. It will take place at the Megasaray Tennis Academy in Antalya, Turkey between 24 February and 1 March 2026.

Ekaterina Ovcharenko
Ekaterina Alexandrovna Ovcharenko (Russian: Екатерина Александровна Овчаренко, born 31 December 2000) is a Russian tennis player.

Ovcharenko has a career-high singles ranking by the WTA of 417, achieved on 11 August 2025. She also has a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 193, set on 3 November 2025.
Kazufumi Miyazawa
Kazufumi Miyazawa (宮沢和史, Miyazawa Kazufumi, born January 18, 1966) is the founder of the Japanese bands The Boom and Ganga Zumba. The former was noted in the 1990s for a fusion of rock, pop, and local Okinawan folk music. Miyazawa is responsible for virtually all lyrics and music for The Boom, who are best known for their 1993 hit song "Shima Uta".

In 2006, he founded the band Ganga Zumba which includes Marcos Suzano and incorporates Brazilian and other Latin American and Caribbean influences in its music.

Marcos Suzano
Marcos Suzano (born August 14, 1963) is a Brazilian percussionist known for playing with Brazilian and international musicians, such as Gilberto Gil, Nando Reis, and Titãs. He was born in Rio de Janeiro. Originally a rock fan, he witnessed a carnival bloco and became passionate about percussion. He settled on the pandeiro as his primary instrument after discovering Jorginho do Pandeiro of the choro group "Época de Ouro".

By the 1990s, Suzano had become one of the most recorded  percussionists in Brazil. His technical innovations on the pandeiro include a left hand which simultaneously holds and flips the instrument, and a right-hand technique that emphasizes bass strokes from the fingertips as well as the thumb. He has researched African rhythms and mixes modern funk riffs with traditional Brazilian folk patterns.
Tom Packs
Thomas Nicholas Packs (born Anthanasios Pakiotis; August 15, 1894 – October 22, 1964) was a Greek-American professional wrestling promoter. He was one of the top promoters over the first half of the 20th century and was responsible for building one of the nation's most prestigious wrestling territories in St. Louis.

Gold Dust Trio
The Gold Dust Trio was a group of promoters who controlled the world of professional wrestling during the 1920s while also making several fundamental changes to the industry's business model and operations that would ultimately change the direction of the sport toward pseudo-competitive exhibition. The Trio was composed of the era's dominant World Heavyweight Champion Ed "Strangler" Lewis and his manager Billy Sandow, as well as fellow wrestler and creative visionary Joseph "Toots" Mondt.
Ashcroftine-(Y)
Ashcroftine-(Y) is an alkali yttrium calcium carbonate mineral with the chemical formula K5Na5(Y,Ca)12Si28O70(OH)2(CO3)8·8H2O. It was first identified in southern Greenland and named after British mineral collector Frederick Noel Ashcroft.

Yttrium
Yttrium is a chemical element; it has symbol Y and atomic number 39. It is a silvery-metallic transition metal chemically similar to the lanthanides and has often been classified as a rare-earth element. Yttrium is almost always found in combination with lanthanide elements in rare-earth minerals and is never found in nature as a free element. 89Y is the only stable isotope and the only isotope found in the Earth's crust.

The most important present-day use of yttrium is as a component of phosphors, especially those used in LEDs. Historically, it was once widely used in the red phosphors in television set cathode ray tube displays. Yttrium is also used in the production of electrodes, electrolytes, electronic filters, lasers, superconductors, various medical applications, and tracing various materials to enhance their properties.

Yttrium has no known biological role. Exposure to yttrium compounds can cause lung disease in humans.
Sport in the Arab World
The Arab States have tried to form unions of several non-political organizations. Sport has been one of the main activities used to unify Arabs. Several tournaments and games were created to let Arab participate in sports, in an effort to bring the members of the  Arab world closer to each other. Pan-Arab sporting governing bodies include the Union of Arab National Olympic Committees, Arab Athletics Federation, Arab Swimming Confederation, Arab Basketball Confederation, Arab Handball Federation, Arab Rugby Federation, Arab Volleyball Association, Arab Ice Hockey Federation and the GCC Ice Hockey Federation.

Arab Cup of Ice Hockey
The Arab Cup of Ice Hockey (Arabic: كأس العرب لهوكي الجليد) is an international ice hockey competition involving national teams from Arab nations, and has been organized by the Arab Ice Hockey Federation, the governing body for nations in the Middle East and North Africa. The tournament's inaugural edition was held in the United Arab Emirates from 16 to 20 June 2008, which was won by the hosts United Arab Emirates. The 2009 edition was planned to be held in Kuwait, but was cancelled. The 2023 edition was held in Kuwait from 7 to 13 May 2023.
Municipalities of Sweden
The municipalities of Sweden (Swedish: Sveriges kommuner) are its generally smaller but co-equal local government entities. There are 290 municipalities which are responsible for a large proportion of local services, including schools, emergency services and physical planning.

Legal person
In law, a legal person is any person or legal entity that can do the things a human person is usually able to do in law – such as enter into contracts, sue and be sued, own property, and so on. The reason for the term "legal person" is that some legal persons are not human persons: companies and corporations (i.e., business entities) are persons, legally speaking (they can legally do most of the things an ordinary person can do), but they are not, in a literal sense, human beings.

Legal personhood is a prerequisite to legal capacity (the ability of any legal person to amend – i.e. enter into, transfer, etc. – rights and obligations): it is a prerequisite for an international organization being able to sign international treaties in its own name.
Stacey Guerin
Stacey K. Guerin is an American politician from Maine. Guerin, a Republican, represents a portion of Penobscot County, Maine, including her residence in Glenburn, Maine, in the Maine Senate. She previously was elected to four terms to Maine House of Representatives. She was first elected in 2010. Guerin is a former schoolteacher and holds a degree in Elementary Education from the University of Maine.

Glenburn, Maine
Glenburn is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,648 at the 2020 census. When originally incorporated in 1822, it was called "Dutton" in honor of Bangor's Samuel Dutton, a judge and founder of the Bangor Theological Seminary. It was renamed the Town of Glenburn on March 18, 1837.
Sueko Matsueda Kimura
Sueko Matsueda Kimura (June 10, 1912 – December 25, 2001) was an American artist.  She was born in Papaikou, Hawaii in 1912.  She received her Bachelor of Arts and Master of Fine Arts degrees from the University of Hawaii at Manoa, where she met fellow art student Keichi Kimura, whom she married in 1942.  She also attended the Chouinard Art Institute (Los Angeles), Columbia University (New York City), the Brooklyn Museum Art School (New York City), and with Yasuo Kuniyoshi at the Art Students League of New York.  She taught at the University of Hawaii at Manoa from 1952 until her retirement as Professor of Art in 1977.

The Hawaii State Art Museum and the Honolulu Museum of Art hold work by Sueko Matsueda Kimura.

Brooklyn Museum Art School
The Brooklyn Museum Art School was a non-degree-granting professional school that opened at the Brooklyn Museum in Brooklyn, New York in the summer of 1941. The Brooklyn Museum Art School provided instruction for amateur artists as well until January 1985, when it was transferred to the Pratt Institute's Continuing Education Division.
Zezé (footballer, born 1957)
Antônio José da Silva Gouveia (30 June 1957 – 30 December 2008), better known as just Zezé, was a Brazilian footballer who played as a forward. He made two appearances for the Brazil national team in 1979. He was also part of Brazil's squad for the 1979 Copa América tournament.

1979 Copa América
The 1979 edition of the Copa América association football tournament was played between 18 July and 12 December. It was not held in a particular country, all matches were played on a home and away basis. Defending champions Peru were given a bye into the semi-finals.