hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Haven, Aldeburgh
The Haven, Aldeburgh is a 20.2 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Aldeburgh in Suffolk. It is owned by East Suffolk Council and managed by the Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It is in the Leiston - Aldeburgh Site of Special Scientific Interest and Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The site covers the beach north of Aldeburgh and an area of lagoons and reedbeds which are protected as nature reserves. It has a sculpture called Scallop by Maggi Hambling, designed as a tribute to Benjamin Britten.

The beach is open to the public, but not the lagoons and reedbeds.

Local nature reserve
Local nature reserve (LNR) is a statutory designation for certain nature reserves in Great Britain. The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee established them and proposed a national suite of protected areas comprising national nature reserves, conservation areas (which incorporated suggestions for Sites of Special Scientific Interest), national parks, geological monuments, local nature reserves and local educational nature reserves.

There are now over 1,280 LNRs in England, covering almost 40,000 hectares, which range from windswept coastal headlands and ancient woodlands to former inner city railways and long abandoned landfill sites.
Jerzy W. Rozenblit
Jerzy W. Rozenblit is a University Distinguished Professor and Raymond J. Oglethorpe Endowed Chair in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) at the University of Arizona, in Tucson, Arizona. He also holds a joint appointment as Professor of Surgery at the University of Arizona College of Medicine. From 2003 to 2011 he served as the ECE Department Head. During his tenure at the University of Arizona, he established the  Model-Based Design Laboratory with major projects in complex systems design hardware software codesign, modeling, and computer-aided minimally-invasive surgical training. He presently serves as Director of the Life-Critical Computing Systems Initiative, a research enterprise intended to improve the reliability and safety of technology in life-critical applications.

University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson
The University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson, located in Tucson, Arizona, is one of four MD granting medical schools in the state of Arizona, and one of two medical schools at the University of Arizona. The University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix was initially established as a branch campus of the College of Medicine - Tucson in 2007, and was granted independent accreditation in 2012. The College of Medicine – Tucson is located at the University of Arizona Health Sciences (UAHS) center on the campus of the University of Arizona and is governed by the Arizona Board of Regents. Traditionally, the college accepted Arizona residents exclusively. However, beginning the 2009–2010 incoming class, the school changed its policy to allow for admission of "highly-qualified," non-residents.
Raipur Central Jail
Raipur Central Jail is one of the 5 central Jails in Chhattisgarh. The total capacity of this jail is 1,100 people. However, it is reported that at any given time, there are more than double inmates than the capacity of the jail. Many inmates of this jail were granted bail during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Raipur Central Jail was constructed in 1873, during the British Raj, and held several freedom fighters. In 2016, on Gandhi Jayanti (02-October), the inmates launched a hungerstrike as Satyagrah, demanding minimum wages, bank accounts and improved living facilities. In 2019, one of the medical officers of Raipur Central Jail was accused of offering preferential treatment to richer inmates and ignoring those who were poor.

Satyagraha
Satyāgraha or "truth force", is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. Someone who practises satyagraha is a satyagrahi.

The term satyagraha was coined and developed by Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948) as early as 1919.
Gandhi practised satyagraha as part of the Indian independence movement and also during his earlier struggles in South Africa for Indian rights. Satyagraha theory influenced Martin Luther King Jr.'s and James Bevel's campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, as well as Nelson Mandela's struggle against apartheid in South Africa and many other social-justice and similar movements.
Hampshire Bowl (rugby union)
The Hampshire Bowl is an annual rugby union knock-out club competition organised by the Hampshire Rugby Football Union.  It was first introduced during the 1999–99 season, with the inaugural winners being Romsey.  It is the second important rugby union cup competition in Hampshire, behind the Hampshire Cup but ahead of the Hampshire Plate.  When it was introduced in 1999 the Bowl initially replaced the Plate competition, which was itself re-instated several years later for the 2003–04 season.

The Hampshire Bowl is currently open to club sides based in Hampshire, the Isle of Wight and the Channel Islands, who play between tier 8 (London 3 South West) and tier 9 (Hampshire Premier) of the English rugby union league system, although sometimes teams from outside the league structure are invited to take part.  The format is a knockout cup with a preliminary round, quarter-finals, semi-finals and a final to be held at the home ground of one of the finalists between March–May.

London 3 South West
London 3 South West is an English rugby union league at the eighth level of club rugby union in England involving sides based in Hampshire, Surrey and south-west London.  Promoted clubs move into London 2 South West.  Relegated clubs move into either Surrey 1 or Hampshire Premier depending on their location, with sides coming up from these divisions, although only 1st XV clubs are allowed in London 3 South West.  Each year all clubs in the division also take part in the RFU Senior Vase - a level 8 national competition.
Clan Baillie
Clan Baillie is a lowland Scottish clan, that is recognized as such by the Lord Lyon King of Arms. However, as the clan does not currently have a chief recognized by the Court of the Lord Lyon, it is therefore considered an armigerous clan.

Lord Lyon King of Arms
The Right Honourable the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the head of Lyon Court, is the most junior of the Great Officers of State in Scotland and is the Scottish official with responsibility for regulating heraldry in that country, issuing new grants of arms, and serving as the judge of the Court of the Lord Lyon, the oldest heraldic court in the world that is still in daily operation.

The historic title of the post was the High Sennachie, and he was given the title of Lord Lyon from the lion in the coat of arms of Scotland.

The post was in the early nineteenth century held by an important nobleman, the Earl of Kinnoull, whose functions were in practice carried out by the Lyon-Depute. The practice of appointing Lyon-Deputes, however, ceased in 1866.
Rivalto
Rivalto is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Chianni, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 96.

Rivalto is about 45 km from Pisa and 3 km from Chianni.

Province of Pisa
The province of Pisa (Italian: provincia di Pisa) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Pisa. With an area of 2,448 square kilometres (945 mi2) and a total population of 421,642 (As of 2014), it is the second most populous and fifth largest province of Tuscany. It is subdivided into 37 comuni (sg.: comune).

With a history that dates to the Etruscans and Phoenicians, the province achieved considerable power and influence in the Mediterranean in the 12th and 13th centuries. Pisa, the provincial capital, is known for its Leaning Tower, and other historic landmarks that attract tourists.
2021 Heilbronner Neckarcup
The 2021 Heilbronner Neckarcup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Heilbronn, Germany between 10 and 16 May 2021.

Heilbronn
Heilbronn (German pronunciation: [haɪlˈbʁɔn] ⓘ) is a city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, surrounded by the Heilbronn District.

From the late Middle Ages on, it developed into an important trading centre. At the beginning of the 19th century, Heilbronn became one of the centres of early industrialisation in Württemberg. Heilbronn's old town was completely destroyed during the air raid of 4 December 1944 and rebuilt in the 1950s. Today Heilbronn is the economic centre of the Heilbronn-Franken region.

Heilbronn is known for its wine industry and is nicknamed Käthchenstadt, after Heinrich von Kleist's Das Käthchen von Heilbronn.

In October 2025, Heilbronn was named the European Green Capital for 2027.
Wiktoria Pikulik
Wiktoria Pikulik (born 15 June 1998) is a Polish professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Human Powered Health. In 2019, she became a three-time national track cycling champion, winning the under-23 omnium, team pursuit and Madison events. She also rode in the women's madison event at the 2019 UEC European Track Championships, with her sister Daria, securing qualification points for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

Madison (cycling)
The Madison is a relay race event in track cycling, named after the first Madison Square Garden in New York, and known as the "American race" in French (course à l'américaine) and as Americana in Spanish and in Italian.
ProbLog
ProbLog is a probabilistic logic programming language that extends Prolog with probabilities. It minimally extends Prolog by adding the notion of a probabilistic fact, which combines the idea of logical atoms and random variables. Similarly to Prolog, ProbLog can query an atom. While Prolog returns the truth value of the queried atom, ProbLog returns the probability of it being true.

Truth value
In logic and mathematics, a truth value, sometimes called a logical value, is a value indicating the relation of a proposition to truth, which in classical logic has only two possible values (true or false). Truth values are used in computing as well as various types of logic.
Guardian darter
The guardian darter (Etheostoma oophylax) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States. This species inhabits creeks and headwaters, living in pools with gentle currents and adjacent riffles.  This species can reach a length of 7.4 centimetres (2.9 in) SL.

Percidae
The Percidae are a family of ray-finned fish, part of the order Perciformes, which are found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains nearly 250 species in 12 genera. The perches and their relatives are in this family; well-known species include the walleye, sauger, ruffe, and three species of perch. However, small fish known as darters are also a part of this family.

Despite the widespread and speciose nature of this family, the vast majority of its species diversity is within the darters, which are restricted to eastern North America, and the majority of which have small ranges. Excluding the darters, this family contains only 20 species. In Europe, percids were likely a more ecologically dominant group in the past than now, with the immigration of cyprinids to Europe during the Miocene causing a decline in their importance.
Makran (princely state)
Makran (Urdu: ریاست مکران) was an autonomous princely state in a subsidiary alliance with British India until 1947, before being absorbed as an autonomous princely state of Pakistan. It ceased to exist in 1955. It was located in the extreme southwest of present-day Pakistan, an area now parts of the districts of Gwadar, Kech and Panjgur. The state did not include the enclave of Omani Gwadar, which was under Omani rule until 1958.

Muscat and Oman
The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (Arabic: سلطنة مسقط وعمان, romanized: Salṭanat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān), also known briefly as the State of Muscat and Oman (Arabic: دولة مسقط وعمان, romanized: Dawlat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān) during the rule of Taimur bin Faisal, was a sovereign state that encompassed the present-day Sultanate of Oman and parts of present-day United Arab Emirates and Pakistan, in the second half of the 19th century and 20th century.

In 1856, upon the death of the last ruler of the Omani Empire, Said bin Sultan, the empire split into two separate political entities: the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman and the Sultanate of Zanzibar. The former continued to be led by the Al Busaid dynasty, but transitioned into a new form of government after the palace coup of 23 July 1970 in which the sultan Said bin Taimur was immediately deposed in favour of his son Qaboos bin Said. The current Sultanate of Oman is the direct successor to the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman.
Greg Halder
Greg Halder (born December 5, 1955) is a Canadian former professional tennis player.

Born and raised in Toronto, Halder is the son of ice hockey player Wally Halder, who was a member of the gold medal-winning team at the 1948 Winter Olympics. He turned professional in 1974. At the 1977 Volvo International in North Conway he had an upset win over world number five Raul Ramirez. In 1978 he featured in the singles main draws of the Wimbledon Championships and US Open. He represented Canada in two Davis Cup ties during his career.

Wally Halder
Wallace Edwin Halder (September 15, 1925 – October 27, 1994) was a Canadian ice hockey player. He was a member of the Ottawa RCAF Flyers who won the gold medal in ice hockey for Canada at the 1948 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz. He was the top scorer of the Canadian team, as well as the top scorer of the entire tournament.
Craig Egan
Craig Egan is a stand-up comedian who lives in Adelaide, South Australia. He has appeared in numerous shows in the Adelaide Fringe Festival and Melbourne International Comedy Festival and also on Stand Up Australia.

Egan currently runs Adelaide Comedy.

Melbourne International Comedy Festival
The Melbourne International Comedy Festival (MICF) is the largest stand-alone comedy festival and the largest international comedy festival in the world. First held in 1987, it takes place annually in Melbourne over four weeks, typically starting in March and running through to April.  The Melbourne Town Hall has served as the festival hub, but performances are held in many venues throughout the city.

MICF also produces three flagship development programs: Raw Comedy, Australia's biggest open mic competition; Class Clowns, a national comedy competition for high school students; and Deadly Funny, an Indigenous comedy competition that celebrates the unique humour of Indigenous Australians. Awards are given for the best acts of the development programs as well as other categories of performances. The festival also undertakes an annual national roadshow, showcasing festival highlights in regional towns across Australia.
LeBoeuf Township, Pennsylvania
LeBoeuf Township is a township in Erie County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,658 at the 2020 census, down from 1,698 at the 2010 census.

The township took its name from LeBoeuf Creek.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Amod, Gujarat
Amod is a town and capital of a taluka in Bharuch district, Gujarat, India. It is situated about a mile south of the Dhadhar River. on the NH 228 road (the "Dandi heritage route") between Bharuch and Jambusar.

Maharaja Naharsinhji

Dhadhar River
Dhadhar River is a river in western India in Gujarat whose origin is Pavagadh Hill. Its basin has a maximum length of 142 km. The total catchment area of the basin is 4,201 square kilometres (1,622 sq mi).
Bri Holt
Bri Holt is an American inventor and businessman. He is best known for founding Engrade, a Santa Monica-based education technology startup. Holt founded Engrade in 2003 as a high school student trying to build a way for his own teachers to share students' grades online. Engrade was acquired by McGraw-Hill Education in January 2014.

In 2006, Holt founded SocialMeter, the first social media analytics service. In 2007, SocialMeter was acquired by AdaptiveBlue, a startup backed by venture capital firm Union Square Ventures.

In 2007, Holt pioneered the new field of viral video analytics, patenting a method for determining Internet video viewing time. Holt founded Vidmeter, an online video analytics platform, later acquired by Visible Measures in January 2008.

In 2020, Holt was issued a patent entitled Hyperpiler.

In 2025, Holt developed a knowledge graph query language called Memelang.

McGraw Hill Education
McGraw Hill, Inc. is an American education science company that provides educational content, software, and services for students and educators across various levels—from K-12 to higher education and professional settings. They produce textbooks, digital learning tools, and adaptive technology to enhance learning experiences and outcomes. It is one of the "big three" educational publishers along with Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and Pearson Education. McGraw Hill also publishes reference and trade publications for the medical, business, and engineering professions. Formerly a division of The McGraw Hill Companies (later renamed McGraw Hill Financial, now S&P Global), McGraw Hill Education was divested and acquired by Apollo Global Management in March 2013 for $2.4 billion in cash. McGraw Hill was sold in 2021 to Platinum Equity for $4.5 billion. The company is based in Columbus, Ohio.
Democratic Party of Germany
The Democratic Party of Germany (German: Demokratische Partei Deutschlands, DPD) was founded in 1947 as a German liberal party and is the forerunner of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) in the current Federal Republic of Germany.

Württemberg-Baden
Württemberg-Baden was a state of the Federal Republic of Germany. It was created in 1945 by the United States occupation forces, after the previous states of Baden and Württemberg had been split up between the US and French occupation zones. Its capital was Stuttgart. In 1952, Württemberg-Baden merged with Württemberg-Hohenzollern and Baden into the present state of Baden-Württemberg.
Thévenin
Thévenin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Thévenin (1764–1838), neoclassical French painter

Denis Thévenin, birth name of French author Georges Duhamel

Léon Charles Thévenin (1857–1926), French engineer

Thévenin's theorem, electrical engineering theorem developed by him

Nicolas Thévenin (born 1958), bishop and Vatican diplomat

Olivier Thévenin (born 1968), French racing driver

Léon Charles Thévenin
Léon Charles Thévenin (French: [tev(ə)nɛ̃]; 30 March 1857, Meaux, Seine-et-Marne – 21 September 1926, Paris) was a French telegraph engineer who extended Ohm's law to the analysis of complex electrical circuits.
MAGSTEC
MAGSTEC was a one-of-a-kind computer built by ERA for the US Navy. The machine was an experiment in using magnetic amplifiers for computer use. The US Air Force later contracted Univac, who had purchased ERA, to build the same basic architecture using transistors in place of the mag amps, creating TRANSTEC.

Engineering Research Associates
Engineering Research Associates, commonly known as ERA, was a pioneering computer firm from the 1950s. ERA became famous for their numerical computers, but as the market expanded they became better known for their drum memory systems. They were eventually purchased by Remington Rand and merged into their UNIVAC department. Many of the company founders later left to form Control Data Corporation.
Rupert Harden
Rupert Harden (born 9 May 1985) is a former rugby union footballer.  He played as a prop.

Formerly part of the Newcastle Falcons Academy, tighthead Harden spent 2008–09 with National Division Two side Tynedale where he had spent time on loan.

The Australian-born prop mixed his youth between London, Rugby School and Cumbria and represented England Counties.

He caught the eyes of the Gloucester coaching set up whilst playing against Cinderford and will be looking to further his rugby development at Kingsholm.  He is also registered to play with Moseley

Rupert Harden was called up to England .England for the tour in South Africa in summer 2012.

On 12 June 2014, Harden left Gloucester Rugby as he signed a contract to join Italy region Benetton Treviso for next season.

On 25 July 2017 Hartpury College signed Rupert Harden for the 2017-18 Season.

Tynedale RFC
Tynedale RFC is a rugby union team based in Corbridge, Northumberland in North East England. The club was relegated from National League 1 in 2015, the third tier of the English rugby union system and have played in National League 2 North since.
The Gaskets
The Gaskets was an American synth-pop/rock duo formed in Richmond, Virginia in 2001 by Teddy Blanks (vocals, keyboards) and Ross Harman (sequencer, guitar). Known for their frenetic stage presence and high-energy songs, Gaskets released two studio albums, and frequently performed in Richmond, New York City and Washington DC.

The Gaskets broke up in April 2008.

Harman committed suicide on 6 September 2010.

Music sequencer
A music sequencer (or audio sequencer or simply sequencer) is a device or application software that can record, edit, or play back music, by handling note and performance information in several forms, typically CV/Gate, MIDI, or Open Sound Control, and possibly audio and automation data for digital audio workstations (DAWs) and plug-ins.
Badminton at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Mixed doubles
These are the results of the mixed doubles competition in badminton at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

The tournament consisted of a single-elimination tournament. Matches were played using a best-of-three games format. Games were played to 21 points, using rally scoring. Each game had to be won by a margin of two points, except when the game was won by a player who reached 30 even if the lead was only 1 at that point.

The top four seeds in the tournament were placed in the bracket so as not to face each other until the semifinals. All other competitors were placed by draw.

Indonesia at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Indonesia competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics, held in Beijing, People's Republic of China from August 8 to August 24, 2008. At the games, twenty-two Indonesians had qualified to compete, while the other three had been granted a wildcard entry.
Valtteri Hietanen
Valtteri Hietanen (born December 23, 1992) is a Finnish professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing for Jukurit of the Finnish Liiga.

Hietanen made his SM-liiga debut playing with JYP Jyväskylä during the 2012–13 SM-liiga season.

Mikkelin Jukurit
Mikkelin Jukurit is a professional ice hockey team in Liiga, the top tier Finnish ice hockey league. They play in Mikkeli, Finland, at the Kalevankankaan jäähalli (also known as Let's Go Areena for sponsorship reasons). The team has won seven Mestis (second highest level) championships (2001, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2013, 2015, and 2016).