hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bakhatpur
Bakhatpur is a village in Dhar Kalan in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) from the sub district headquarters, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Pathankot, 93 kilometres (58 mi) from the district headquarters and 214 kilometres (133 mi) from the state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch, an elected representative of the village.

Dhar Kalan
Dhar Kalan is a village and administrative headquarter of Dhar Kalan tehsil in Pathankot district of Punjab State, India. It is located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) from district headquarter Pathankot and 260 kilometres (160 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Before formation of Pathankot district on 27 July 2011, Dhar Kalan along with Pathankot district was part of Gurdaspur district. For 2011 census it is listed under Gurdaspur district as census was completed before formation of the new district of Pathankot.
Kwang-hyok
Kwang-hyok, also spelled Gwang-hyeok, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Choi Kwang-hyouk (born 1987), North Korean-born South Korean sledge hockey player

Ri Kwang-hyok (born 1987), North Korean football player

Kim Kwang-hyok (athlete) (born 1988), North Korean long distance runner

Lee Gwang-hyeok (born 1995), South Korean football player

Choi Kwang-hyouk
Choi Kwang-hyouk (Korean: 최광혁; born 15 March 1987) is a South Korean ice sledge hockey player. He was a member of South Korea's  bronze medal winning team in para ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Paralympics.

Choi was born in North Korea, where his left leg was crushed in a train accident, and doctors amputated it below the knee. Choi then defected in 2001, fleeing through China with the help of his uncle.
Turkish lira
The lira (Turkish: Türk lirası; sign: ₺; ISO 4217 code: TRY; abbreviation: TL) is the official currency of Turkey. It is also legal tender in the de facto state of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. One lira is divided into one hundred kuruş. The First Turkish lira could be further subdivided, where one kuruş was equal to 40 para.

The current lira is the Second Turkish lira, having succeeded the first Turkish lira in 2005 which in turn succeeded the Ottoman lira in 1923. Since 2018 the Turkish lira has been in crisis, having plummeted in value following Turkish president Erdoğan's economic and political policies.

Currency appreciation and depreciation
Currency depreciation is the loss of value of a country's currency with respect to one or more foreign reference currencies, typically in a floating exchange rate system in which no official currency value is maintained. Currency appreciation in the same context is an increase in the value of the currency. Short-term changes in the value of a currency are reflected in changes in the exchange rate.

There is no optimal value for a currency. High and low values have tradeoffs, along with distributional consequences for different groups.
Lower Molonglo Water Quality Control Centre
The Lower Molonglo Water Quality Control Centre is a sewerage and waste water treatment facility in the Australian Capital Territory, owned and operated by Icon Water.

The Lower Molonglo Water Quality Control Centre (or LMWQCC) is the largest inland treatment facility in Australia, treating more than 90 million litres of Canberra's wastewater (including sewerage) per day using a combination of physical, chemical, and biological methods.

The centre treats waste to an extent that much of it may be safely released back into the environment by way of the Molonglo River. Solid waste is however separated during treatment and incinerated at high temperatures resulting in an ash that is sold to local farmers and gardeners as a fertiliser.

Engineers Australia
Engineers Australia (EA), known formally as the Institution of Engineers, Australia, is an Australian professional body and not-for-profit organisation whose purpose is to advance the science and practice of engineering for the benefit of the community. Engineers Australia is Australia's recognised organisation for accreditation of professional engineering qualifications under the Washington Accord. As of 2022, EA has 115,000 members, which includes 31,000 students.
Virginia State Route 419
State Route 419 (SR 419) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known as Electric Road, the state highway runs 10.54 miles (16.96 km) from U.S. Route 220 and US 220 Business in Roanoke north to SR 311 at Hanging Rock. SR 419 is a major north–south highway in the western part of the Roanoke Valley, connecting Roanoke and Salem with Cave Spring in southwestern Roanoke County.

Salem, Virginia
Salem is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,346. It is the county seat of Roanoke County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Salem with Roanoke County, which surrounds both Salem and the neighboring City of Roanoke, for statistical purposes. Salem has its own courthouse and sheriff's office, but shares a jail with Roanoke County, which is located in the Roanoke County Courthouse complex in Salem. The Roanoke County Sheriff's Office and Roanoke County Department of Social Services are also located within Salem, though the county administrative offices are located in unincorporated Cave Spring.

Roanoke College is located in the city. Salem is also the home to a Minor League Baseball team, the Salem RidgeYaks.
Mohamed Meziane
Mohammed ben Mizzian (also rendered Meziane and born Mohammed Ameziane; 1 February 1897 – 1 May 1975) was a Moroccan senior military officer and prominent military figure in Francoist Spain and Morocco.

During the Spanish Civil War he commanded a unit of the Regulares Indígenas (Indigenous Regular Forces) troops, who formed the shock troops of the Nationalist faction. Their fierceness in combat made them highly feared among Spanish Republican Army ranks. After holding many high military posts in Francoist Spain Mizzian reached the rank of Lieutenant General of the Spanish Army.

Summoned by King Mohammed V, he returned to Morocco in 1957 following the independence of the country. In 1970, he was made a Field Marshal and is the only person to have ever held that title in the Moroccan Army.

Shock troops
Shock troops, assault troops, or storm troops are special formations created to lead military attacks. They are often better trained and equipped than other military units and are expected to take heavier casualties even in successful operations.

"Shock troop" is a loose translation of the German word Stoßtrupp (literally "thrust squad" or "push squad").  Assault troopers are typically organized for mobility with the intention that they will penetrate enemy defenses and attack into the enemy's vulnerable rear areas.  Any specialized, elite unit formed to fight an engagement via overwhelming assault (usually) would be considered shock troops, as opposed to "special forces" or commando-style units (intended mostly for covert operations). However, both types of units could fight behind enemy lines, by surprise if required.
Miguel Guimarães
José Miguel Ribeiro de Castro Guimarães (born 22 January 1962) is a Portuguese doctor and politician. He has a degree in Medicine from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto and a specialist in Urology (since 1997) at Centro Hospitalar São João (CHSJ).

He has been a member of the transplant team at Hospital de S. João since 1994, having participated in more than 400 kidney transplant surgeries. In 2005, he obtained the Competence in Health Services Management from the Ordem dos Médicos.

He organized more than 30 scientific and professional meetings and as a researcher published more than a hundred research works in national and international journals in the field of Urology.

He was president of the Northern Regional Council of the Order of Physicians (2011-2017). He was president of the Order of Physicians, between 2017 and 2023.

In January 2024, he was announced as candidate number one, on Democratic Alliance's Porto list for the 2024 legislative elections.

Health administration
Health administration, healthcare administration, healthcare management, health services management or hospital management is the field relating to leadership, management, and administration of public health systems, health care systems, hospitals, and hospital networks in all the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors.
Jadubayra
Jaduboyra is a settlement located near Kumarkhali town and the headquarters of Jaduboyra Union. It is situated on the bank of the Gorai River in Kumarkhali Upazila, Kushtia District. A permanent police camp under Kumarkhali Thana is located here.

Kumarkhali
Kumarkhali (Bengali: কুমারখালী) is a municipality in the Kushtia District of Bangladesh. The town is situated on the bank of the Gorai River. Kumarkhali has been well known since the British Raj period for its traditional handloom industry. At that time, it developed as a river port and commercial center. The town is especially famous for its contribution to literature, and culture. It is often referred to as the City of Museums and the Panam City of Kushtia. The area of Kumarkhali Municipality is 10.50 square kilometres (4.05 sq mi). According to the 2022 Bangladeshi census, the Kumarkhali municipal area has a population of 24,468.
Snæfellsbær
Snæfellsbær (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈs(t)naiːˌfɛlsˌpaiːr̥] ⓘ) is a municipality located in western Iceland, in the southwestern part of the Snæfellsnes Peninsula. Its administrative centre is Hellissandur and the majority of the residents live in the coastal villages of Ólafsvík, then Hellissandur and Rif. There is a small airfield near Rif and at Gufuskálar the Hellissandur longwave radio mast. Along the municipality's south-east coast is the settlement of Búðir and the Hótel Búðir and closer to the volcano of Snæfellsjökull are the coastal villages of Hellnar and Arnarstapi.

Hótel Búðir
Hótel Búðir (Hotel Budir) is a hotel built near Búðir, situated on a lava field on the westernmost tip of the Snaefellsnes peninsula in west Iceland. The hotel affords views over the Atlantic coast and the glacier-topped Snæfellsjökull volcano and glacier, and is located in a protected nature reserve.

The hotel is a three-hour drive north from Keflavík International Airport.
San Pietro Clarenza
San Pietro Clarenza (Sicilian: San Petru Clarenza) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about 160 kilometres (99 mi) southeast of Palermo and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) northwest of Catania.

San Pietro Clarenza borders the following municipalities: Belpasso, Camporotondo Etneo, Catania, Mascalucia, Misterbianco.

Sicilian language
Sicilian (sicilianu, pronounced [sɪʃɪˈljaːnʊ, sɪdʒɪˈljaːnʊ]; Italian: siciliano) is a Romance language that is spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands.
It belongs to the broader Extreme Southern Italian language group (Italian: italiano meridionale estremo).

Ethnologue (see below for more detail) describes Sicilian as being "distinct enough from Standard Italian to be considered a separate language", and it is recognized as a minority language by UNESCO. It has been referred to as a language by the Sicilian Region. It has the oldest literary tradition of the Italo-Romance languages. A version of the UNESCO Courier is also available in Sicilian.
Abaza rebellion
The Abaza rebellion was a group of uprisings that occurred in the 17th century in the Ottoman Empire during the reigns of Mustafa I (1622–23) and Murat IV (1623–40). The name of the rebellion refers to Abaza Mehmet (or Abaza for short), an Ottoman pasha of Abkhazian origin. Sometimes, this event is considered as a part of the Jelali revolts. But unlike the other Jelali revolts the principal reason of the Abaza rebellion was the resentment towards the janissary corps.

Abkhazians
The Abkhaz people, sometimes referred to as the Abkhazians, are a Northwest Caucasian ethnic group native to Abkhazia—a disputed region on the northeastern coast of the Black Sea. A large Abkhaz diaspora population resides in Turkey, the origins of which lie in the Caucasian War in the late 19th century. Many Abkhaz also live in other parts of the former Soviet Union, particularly in Russia and Ukraine.
Gaius Fulcinius Fabius Maximus Optatus
Gaius Fulcinius Fabius Maximus Optatus was a governor of Hispania Baetica of African origin, active in the late second century CE. His branch of the Fulcinia family rise to prominence in Cartenna during the second century. He was the first of his family to enter the Senatorial Order, becoming a vir clarissimus who held the offices of quaestor, tribunus plebis, and praetor. Fulcinius was patron of the Roman colony Gunugus.

Praetor
Praetor (/ˈpriːtər/ PREE-tər, Classical Latin: [ˈprae̯tɔr]), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected magistratus (magistrate), assigned to discharge various duties. The functions of the magistracy, the praetura (praetorship), are described by the adjective itself: the praetoria potestas (praetorian power), the praetorium imperium (praetorian authority), and the praetorium ius (praetorian law), the legal precedents established by the praetores (praetors). Praetorium, as a substantive, denoted the location from which the praetor exercised his authority, either the headquarters of his castra, the courthouse (tribunal) of his judiciary, or the city hall of his provincial governorship. The minimum age for holding the praetorship was 39 during the Roman Republic, but it was later changed to 30 in the early Empire.
The Hungover Games
The Hungover Games is a 2014 American parody film, directed by Josh Stolberg. The film's title and central plot primarily follow both The Hangover and The Hunger Games, as well as parodying Ted, Pirates of the Caribbean, Avatar, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, The Human Centipede, The Lone Ranger, Django Unchained, Thor, Carrie, The Muppets, Borat, Taken, The Walking Dead, and The Real Housewives.

The Hangover (film series)
The Hangover is a trilogy of American comedy films created by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore, and directed by Todd Phillips. All three films follow the misadventures of a quartet of friends (also known as "the Wolfpack") who go on their road trip to attend a bachelor party.

While all of the films find three of the four men on a mission to find their missing friend, the first two films focus on the events after the nights of debauchery before a party, respectively in Las Vegas and Bangkok, whereas the third and final film involves a road trip and a kidnapping in lieu of a bachelor party. Each film in the series focuses on how the friends deal with the aftermath of their antics, while they are being humiliated and occasionally physically beaten up at every turn.

All three films were released from 2009 to 2013, and have grossed a collective total of $1.4 billion in the United States and worldwide.
Acanthocercus cyanocephalus
Acanthocercus cyanocephalus, also commonly known as Falk's blue-headed tree agama, is a species of lizards in the family Agamidae. It can be found in Angola, Namibia, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. With a maximum length of up to 350 millimeters, the tree agama is large in its genus; however, its tail is small when compared with its size. Male lizards, with their blue heads, spotted bodies, and multipatterned tails, are clearly distinct from all other species. Blue-headed tree agamas are known to eat arthropods including spiders, caterpillars, ants, and termites.

Agamidae
Agamidae is a family containing 582 species in 64 genera of iguanian lizards indigenous to Africa, Asia, Australia, and a few locations in Southern Europe. Many species are commonly called dragons or dragon lizards.
Edgar Bond
Edgar Bond (born 25 November 1935) is a Filipino former sports shooter. He competed in the 50 metre pistol event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He also competed at the 1966 Asian Games and won a silver medal.

Shooting at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's 50 metre pistol
The men's ISSF 50 meter pistol was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1964 Summer Olympics programme. It was the eleventh appearance of the event. The competition was held on 18 October 1964 at the shooting ranges in Tokyo. 52 shooters from 34 nations competed. Nations had been limited to two shooters each since the 1952 Games. The event was won by Väinö Markkanen of Finland, the nation's second victory in the event (only the second nation to have multiple wins, behind the United States at 4). American Franklin Green took silver, returning the United States to the podium in the event after a one-Games absence. Yoshihisa Yoshikawa of Japan repeated as bronze medalist, the fourth man to earn multiple medals in the free pistol.
Hermann Voss (art historian)
Hermann Voss (born July 30, 1884, in Lüneburg; died April 28, 1969, in Munich) was a German art historian and museum director appointed by Hitler to acquire art, much of it looted by Nazis, for Hitler's planned Führermuseum in Linz, Austria.

He is also credited with rediscovering Georges de La Tour, one of France’s greatest 17th-century painters. Though celebrated in his lifetime, La Tour’s work fell into obscurity, with many of his paintings misattributed to more commercially recognised artists.

Lüneburg
Lüneburg, officially the Hanseatic City of Lüneburg and also known in English as Lunenburg, is a town in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is located about 50 km (31 mi) southeast of another Hanseatic city, Hamburg, and belongs to that city's wider metropolitan region. The capital of the district which bears its name, it is home to roughly 77,000 people. Lüneburg's urban area, which includes the surrounding communities of Adendorf, Bardowick, Barendorf and Reppenstedt, has a population of around 103,000. Lüneburg has been allowed to use the title Hansestadt ('Hanseatic Town') in its name since 2007, in recognition of its membership in the former Hanseatic League. Lüneburg is also home to Leuphana University.
Banchō
Banchō (番町) is an area in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, consisting of the six "-banchō" districts, Ichibanchō (一番町) to Rokubanchō (六番町), as well as parts of Kudanminami and Kudankita, and Fujimi.

The Banchō area is located to the west of the Imperial Palace. 
The historical area is roughly triangular in shape, Shinjuku Ave (新宿通り) forms its southern boundary. 
A rough line from Hanzō Moat (半蔵濠, Hanzō-bori) to Ushigome Mitsuke (牛込見附) forms its eastern boundary, and the railway of the Chūō Main Line along the outer moats of Ichigaya and Ushigome forms its northwestern boundary from Yotsuya to Ushigome Mitsuke.

Yasukuni Ave (靖国通り) runs through its historical boundaries. Present day area with "Banchō" in the districts names stops south of this avenue.

Tokyo Imperial Palace
The Imperial Palace (皇居, Kōkyo; lit. 'Imperial Residence') is the main residence of the emperor of Japan. It is a large park-like area located in the Chiyoda district of the Chiyoda ward of Tokyo and contains several buildings, including the Fukiage Palace (吹上御所, Fukiage gosho), where the emperor has his living quarters; the main palace (宮殿, Kyūden), where various ceremonies and receptions take place; some residences of the Imperial Family; an archive; and museums and administrative offices.

The 1.15-square-kilometer (0.44 sq mi) palace grounds and gardens are built on the site of the old Edo Castle.
Guadalupe Bay
Guadalupe Bay is a slender inlet of San Antonio Bay in Calhoun County, Texas, United States, near the settlements of Seadrift and Long Mott. It is fed by the Guadalupe River, and is the site of the river's two mouths.

Calhoun County, Texas
Calhoun County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,106. Its county seat is Port Lavaca. The county is named for John Caldwell Calhoun, the seventh vice president of the United States. Calhoun County comprises the Port Lavaca, TX Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Victoria-Port Lavaca, TX Combined Statistical Area.
Kokuhaku Jikkō Iinkai: Ren'ai Series
Kokuhaku Jikkō Iinkai: Ren'ai Series (告白実行委員会〜恋愛シリーズ〜; transl. Confession Executive Committee: Love Series) is a Japanese romance Vocaloid song series by HoneyWorks. The project's first song on Nico Nico Douga was a music video sung by Vocaloid Gumi titled "Hatsukoi no Ehon" (初恋の絵本) that was released on November 18, 2011. The songs have spawned into various media forms including manga, novel, and anime adaptations.

Two anime films titled Zutto Mae Kara Suki Deshita and Suki ni Naru Sono Shunkan o were released in 2016. An anime television series by Lay-duce titled Our love has always been 10 centimeters apart aired from November to December 2017. A third anime film titled Kono Sekai no Tanoshimikata: Secret Story Film was released on December 25, 2020. A second anime television series titled Heroines Run the Show aired from April to June 2022.

Niconico
Niconico, Inc. (Japanese: ニコニコ, Hepburn: Nikoniko), known before 2012 as Nico Nico Douga (ニコニコ動画, Niko Niko Dōga), is a Japanese video sharing service based in Tokyo, Japan. "Niconico" or "nikoniko" is the Japanese ideophone for smiling. As of 2021, Niconico is the 34th most-visited website in Japan, according to Alexa Internet.

The site won the Japanese Good Design Award in 2007, and an Honorary Mention of the Digital Communities category at Prix Ars Electronica 2008. Between June 8, 2024 and August 5, 2024, its servers were affected by a cyberattack and the website was partially active.
Obeah and wanga
The terms obeah and wanga are African diasporic words that occur in The Book of the Law (the sacred text of Thelema, written by English author and occultist Aleister Crowley in 1904):

Also the mantras and spells; the obeah and the wanga; the work of the wand and the work of the sword; these he shall learn and teach. (AL I:37).

Obeah is a folk magic found among those of African descent in the West Indies. It is derived from the Asante people of west Africa. Its English translation is witchcraft, from the Twi dialect word 'obeyi'.

A wanga (sometimes spelled ouanga or wanger) is a magical charm packet found in the folk magic practices of Haiti, and as such it is connected to the west African religion of Vodun, which in turn derives from the Fon people of what is now Benin.

Wand
A wand is a thin, light-weight rod that is held with one hand, and is traditionally made of wood, but may also be made of other materials, such as metal, bone or stone. Long versions of wands are often styled in forms of staves or sceptres, which could have large ornamentation on the top.

In modern times, wands are usually associated with stage magic or supernatural magic, but there have been other uses, all stemming from the original meaning as a synonym of rod and virge. A stick that is used for reaching, pointing, drawing in the dirt, and directing other people, is one of the earliest and simplest of tools.