hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Jasper Ranges
The South Jasper Ranges are mountain ranges of the Rocky Mountains in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada.

It is a part of the Central Main Ranges of the Canadian Rockies, located on the Continental Divide, in Jasper National Park (Alberta) and Mount Robson Provincial Park (British Columbia). It contains the Meadow-Clairvaux, Fraser-Rampart, Trident Range and, most prominently, the Cavell Group of mountains and the headwaters of the Athabasca and Fraser River.

The South Jasper Ranges covers a surface of 1,196 km2 (462 mi2), has a length of 39 km (from north to south) and a width of 49 km.

Athabasca River
The Athabasca River (French: Rivière Athabasca) in Alberta, Canada, originates at the Columbia Icefield in Jasper National Park and flows more than 1,231 km (765 mi) before emptying into Lake Athabasca. Much of the land along its banks is protected in national and provincial parks, and the river is designated a Canadian heritage river for its historical and cultural importance. The scenic Athabasca Falls is located about 30 km (19 mi) upstream from Jasper.
John Newton (Nova Scotia politician)
John Newton (1727 – August 22, 1811) was a surveyor, official and political figure in Nova Scotia. He served as a member of the 2nd General Assembly of Nova Scotia for Annapolis Township and then represented Halifax County from 1770 to 1772 and Lunenburg County 1775–1785.

He was the son of Hibbert Newton and Hannah Adams, the daughter of John Adams. Newton served as collector of impost and excise at Halifax and as a justice of the peace. He was married twice: first to Margaret, the daughter of Benjamin Green (Margaret is buried in the Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia)), in 1759 and then to Catherine, the daughter of Philip Augustus Knaut, in 1775. His seat in the assembly was declared vacant in 1772 due to non-attendance.

His brother Henry also served in the assembly and married a daughter of Benjamin Green.

Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia)
The Old Burying Ground (also known as St. Paul's Church Cemetery) is a historic cemetery in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is located at the intersection of Barrington Street and Spring Garden Road in Downtown Halifax.
Armstrong Whitworth
Widely known as Armstrong Whitworth, Sir W.G. Armstrong Whitworth & Co Ltd and several similarly named variants was a major British heavy engineering and manufacturing company that was at its peak in the early years of the 20th century. With headquarters in Elswick, Newcastle upon Tyne, Armstrong Whitworth built armaments, ships, locomotives, automobiles and aircraft.

The company was founded by William Armstrong in 1847, becoming Armstrong Mitchell and then Armstrong Whitworth through mergers. In 1927, it merged with Vickers Limited to form Vickers-Armstrongs, with its automobile and aircraft interests purchased by J D Siddeley.

Ken Hoole
Ken Hoole (1916–1988) was an English historian known for his works on the railways of the north east of England.

The Ken Hoole Study Centre at the Darlington Railway Centre and Museum, and the Ken Hoole Trust are named after him.
Gustav Heinrich Tammann
Gustav Heinrich Johann Apollon Tammann (9 June [O.S. 28 May] 1861 – 17 December 1938) was a prominent Baltic German chemist-physicist who made important contributions in the fields of glassy and solid solutions, heterogeneous equilibria, crystallization, and metallurgy. He first predicted the order-disorder transition in alloys.

Liebig Medal
The Liebig Medal (German: Liebig-Denkmünze) was established by the Society of German Chemists (Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker) in 1903 to celebrate the centenary of Justus von Liebig. Since 1946 it has been awarded by the Society of German Chemists (Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker, GDCh).
DWKC-FM
DWKC (93.9 FM), broadcasting as 93.9 iFM, is a radio station owned and operated by the Radio Mindanao Network. The station's studio is located at the RMN Broadcast Center, Unit 807, 8th Floor, Atlanta Centre, Annapolis St., Greenhills, San Juan, Metro Manila, and its transmitter is located at No. 25 Sumulong Highway, Barangay Santa Cruz, Antipolo.

As of Q4 2022, 93.9 iFM is the 5th most-listened to FM radio station in Metro Manila, based on a survey commissioned by Kantar Media Philippines and Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas.

San Juan, Metro Manila
San Juan, officially the City of San Juan (Filipino: Lungsod ng San Juan), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 134,312 people. It is located in Metro Manila's approximate geographical center, and is the country's smallest city by land area.

The city is known historically for the site of the first battle of the Katipunan, the organization which led the 1896 Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. Notable landmarks today such as the Pinaglabanan Shrine and heritage homes are located in the city. Other locations include Greenhills and Santolan Town Plaza, making the city a major shopping hub with a range of upscale, boutique, and bargain retail.
Feruza Bobokhujaeva
Feruza Bobokhujaeva (Uzbek: Feruza Boboxo‘jayeva; born 5 October 1999) is an Uzbekistani footballer who plays as a forward for Women's Championship club Sevinch. She has been a member of the Uzbekistan women's national team.

Uzbekistan Women's League
The Uzbekistan Women's League, also the Uzbek women's national football championship, is top division of women's football in Uzbekistan. The league is organized by the Uzbekistan Football Federation. Before 1991, some Uzbek women's clubs had competed in the Soviet Union women's league system, but after the collapse of the Soviet Union most women's teams left for Russia or simply dissolved.
2024 Oeiras CETO Open
The 2024 Oeiras Ladies Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2024 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Oeiras, Portugal, between 22 and 28 April 2024.

Matilde Jorge
Matilde Jorge (born 7 April 2004) is a Portuguese professional tennis player. She has career-high rankings of world No. 212 in singles, achieved on 8 September 2025, and No. 91 in doubles, achieved on 9 February 2026.
Firas Al Ali
Firas Al Ali (Arabic: فِرَاس الْعَلِيّ, born 1 August 1985 in Hama) is a Syrian footballer who played for Al-Sheikh Hussein FC in Jordan.

Firas al-Ali is a former defender for the Syrian national team. He also previously played for Shorta, one of the top teams in Damascus and earned $125,000 a season, a fortune in Syria. In 2011, Bashar al-Assad's forces attacked Hama, his hometown and killed Ali's 19-year-old cousin during a peaceful protest. They also killed his niece in her home during a bombing.

Months later, a 13-year-old cousin was killed during a government attack in a village outside Hama.  The next morning, he left home and travelled through rebel-held territories, eventually arriving in Turkey at a refugee camp, where he still resides.

Al-Sheikh Hussein SC
Al-Sheikh Hussein Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الشيخ حسين الرياضي) is a Jordanian football club based in Al-Āghwār ash-Shamāliyah, Irbid, Jordan. It currently competes in the Jordanian Third Division League, the fourth tier of Jordanian football.
Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety
The Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety (KINS; Korean: 한국원자력안전기술원) is a government-funded technical expert organization in Daejeon, South Korea, which aims to develop and implement regulations for nuclear safety.

KINS was established in February 1990, and supports the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission in technical aspects of nuclear safety regulation; "including safety reviews, inspections, education, and safety research, based on technical knowledge and accumulated regulatory experience."

The current president of KINS is Sok Chul Kim. As of June 2016, KINS consists of two offices, eight divisions, and 44 departments/teams with 523 persons.

In 2008, in collaboration with the IAEA, KINS established the International Nuclear Safety School, an initiative to promote nuclear safety training. The school is the IAEA's designated training center for the region.

Nuclear Safety and Security Commission
The Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC; Korean: 원자력안전위원회) is one of the nuclear organizations in South Korea and is run under the Prime Minister's Office. The headquarters are in Jongno District, Seoul.

The NSSC was established on October 26, 2011, to bolster nuclear safety amid widespread public fears after the Fukushima Daiichi disaster in March and several incidents at Korean reactors.
1973 Suffolk County Council election
The 1973 Suffolk County Council election took place on 12 April 1973 to elect members of Suffolk County Council in Suffolk, England. It was held on the same day as other local elections.

This was the first election to Suffolk County Council following the structural reforms to local government laid out in the Local Government Act 1972.

Suffolk County Council
Suffolk County Council is the upper-tier local authority for the county of Suffolk, England. It is run by 75 elected county councillors representing 63 divisions. It is a member of the East of England Local Government Association.

The council has been under Conservative majority control since 2017. It is based at Endeavour House in Ipswich.
Denison Municipal Airport
Denison Municipal Airport (IATA: DNS, ICAO: KDNS, FAA LID: DNS) is a city-owned, public-use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) southwest of the central business district of Denison, a city in Crawford County, Iowa, United States. It is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Crawford County, Iowa
Crawford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,525, and was estimated to be 16,378 in 2024. The county seat is Denison. The county was named for William Harris Crawford, U.S. senator from Georgia and United States Secretary of the Treasury.
Liang-Jie Zhang
Liang-Jie (LJ) Zhang (Chinese: 张良杰; pinyin: Zhāng Liángjié) is a computer scientist, a former Research Staff Member at IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Senior Vice President, Chief Scientist, & Director of Research at Kingdee International Software Group Company Limited, and previously a director of The Open Group.

Kingdee
Kingdee International Software Group is a Chinese cloud computing and software company based in Shenzhen. It is listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange main board and is leader in the Chinese software industry.

The company is a leading enterprise management software company in the Asia-Pacific region. It was founded on August 8, 1993 and produces enterprise resource planning (ERP) software and provides SaaS Enterprise Application Cloud Services.
Strategic Defence and Security Review
The Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR) refers to two of the defence strategy policy reviews of the United Kingdom:

Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010

Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015

Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015
The National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 was published by the British government during the second Cameron ministry on 23 November 2015 to outline the United Kingdom's defence strategy up to 2025. It identified key threats to the UK and the capabilities it required to address them.
Royal Hotel, Perth
The Royal Hotel is a hotel building in Perth, Western Australia on the corner of Wellington and William streets. It was built in 1882.

In 1894, the hotel was known as the Schruth's Royal Hotel. A major upgrade of the facade of the building was completed in 1906, and it was then bought by the Swan Brewery in 1925.

The hotel building remains despite extensive changes to its surroundings being made throughout the twentieth century. Following extensive renovations, a pub occupying the building opened on 16 November 2019 under the name The Royal; a different pub in East Perth carries the same name.

Swan Brewery
31°57′55″S 115°50′26″E﻿ / ﻿31.96528°S 115.84056°E﻿ / -31.96528; 115.84056

The Swan Brewery is a brewing company, whose high profile brewery was once located beside the Swan River, in Perth, Western Australia.
Mijić
Mijić is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ana Mijic, Serbian hydrologist

Dušan Mijić (born 1953), Serbian publisher and political figure

Dušan Mijić (born 1965), Bosnian Serb football coach and player

Karlo Mijić (1887–1964), Yugoslav painter

Marjan Mijić, former member of Serbian progressive metal band Draconic

Miloš Mijić (born 1989), Serbian football player

Predrag Mijić (born 1970), Serbian politician

Predrag Mijić (footballer) (born 1984), Serbian footballer

Snježana Mijić (born 1971), Croatian volleyball player

Vasa Mijić (born 1973), Serbian volleyball player

Predrag Mijić (politician)
Predrag Mijić (Serbian Cyrillic: Предраг Мијић; born 4 June 1970) is a politician in Serbia. He was the mayor of Čoka, Vojvodina, from 2004 to 2011 and served in the Assembly of Vojvodina from 2008 to 2016. Mijić is a member of the Democratic Party (Demokratska stranka, DS).
Mei Kotake
Mei Kotake (小武 芽生, Kotake Mei; born May 18, 1997 Sapporo) is a Japanese professional rock climber who specializes in competition climbing. She participates in competition lead climbing, competition bouldering and competition speed climbing disciplines.

Oliana
Oliana (Catalan pronunciation: [oliˈanɛ]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Alt Urgell in 
Catalonia, Spain. It is situated in the Segre valley immediately below the Oliana reservoir.
There is a factory of domestic electrical appliances in the town, and the presence of non-farming employment has meant that 
Oliana has escaped the depopulation experienced by most municipalities in north-west Catalonia. It is 
currently the second-largest town (by population) in the Alt Urgell, behind the comarcal capital La Seu d'Urgell. The 
town is served by the C-14 road between Ponts and La Seu d'Urgell. It has a population of 1,839 (register office, 2024) .
Awesome Mausam
Awesome Mausam is a 2016 Bollywood movie is directed by Yogesh Bhardwaj and Produced by Mukesh Choudhary. The film features Rahul Romy Sharma, Naina Ganguly(Ambalika Sarkar), Mukesh Tiwari, Suunil R Kumar, Raja Mishra and Suhasini Mulay.

Mukesh Tiwari
Mukesh Tiwari is an Indian actor, who has worked predominantly in Bollywood and few Tamil, Punjabi, Kannada and Telugu films. He is known for playing negative and comic side roles. He graduated from National School of Drama in 1994. He entered the film industry in the year 1998 with the movie China Gate. He is known for his works in The Legend of Bhagat Singh, Gangaajal and Golmaal as Vasooli.
A229 road
The A229 is a major road running north–south through Kent from Rochester to Hawkhurst via Maidstone. It is a former Roman road that ran from Rochester to Hastings.

The road is well known for Blue Bell Hill, which connects Rochester to Maidstone through the North Downs, and links the M2 and M20 motorways. A popular ghost story documents a driver picking up a phantom female hitch-hiker on the A229 outside the Lower Bell pub, who subsequently disappears inside the driver's car.

Ghost story
A ghost story is any piece of fiction, or drama, that includes a ghost, or simply takes as a premise the possibility of ghosts or characters' belief in them. The "ghost" may appear of its own accord or be summoned by magic. Linked to the ghost is the idea of a "haunting", where a supernatural entity is tied to a place, object or person. Ghost stories are commonly examples of ghostlore.

Colloquially, the term "ghost story" can refer to any kind of scary story. In a narrower sense, the ghost story has been developed as a short story format, within genre fiction. It is a form of supernatural fiction and specifically of weird fiction, and is often a horror story.

While ghost stories are often explicitly meant to scare, they have been written to serve all sorts of purposes, from comedy to morality tales. Ghosts often appear in the narrative as sentinels or prophets of things to come.
Nannie Doss
Nannie Doss (born Nancy Agnes Hazel, November 4, 1905 – June 2, 1965) was an American serial killer responsible for the deaths of 11 people between 1927 and 1954. Doss was also referred to as the Giggling Granny, the Lonely Hearts Killer, the Black Widow, and Lady Blue Beard.

Doss finally confessed to the murders in October 1954, after her fifth husband died in a small hospital in Tulsa, Oklahoma. In all, it was revealed that she had killed four husbands, two children, one of her sisters, her mother, two grandsons, and a mother-in-law.

Anniston, Alabama
Anniston is a city and the county seat of Calhoun County in Alabama, United States, and is one of two urban centers/principal cities of and included in the Anniston–Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Anniston had a population of 21,564. Named "The Model City" by Atlanta newspaperman Henry W. Grady for its careful planning in the late 19th century, the city is situated on the slope of Blue Mountain.
SS Constitutionen
SS Constitutionen was a paddle steamer constructed in England and imported to Norway in 1826. It was the first steamship of Norway, and was used for passenger traffic between Christiania and Bergen. It was scrapped in 1871. A long-term captain of Constitutionen was Peter Severin Steenstrup, later founder and manager of the workshop Akers Mekaniske Verksted.

An incident involving the ship happened in Christiania on 17 May 1829, on the Norwegian Constitution Day, when a crowd of people welcomed the arrival of the ship with greetings like Leve Constitutionen. The commander of Akershus met the crowd with armed cavalry, the so-called Torgslaget, an event which eventually influenced the population's attitude to the Swedish authorities.

Akers mekaniske Verksted
Akers mekaniske Verksted (often abbreviated Akers mek. Verksted or Akers Mek.) was a workshop, later a shipyard which was established in Fossveien by the Aker River in Oslo in 1841. In 1854 the company moved to Holmen on the west side of Pipervika, which is now known as Aker Brygge. Akers mekaniske Verksted closed in 1982. During its heyday, it was the largest shipyard in Norway. One of the companies split off from the shipyard company merged with Norcem in 1987 to form Aker Norcem, which eventually became Aker ASA.
Reflectance difference spectroscopy
Reflectance difference spectroscopy (RDS) is a spectroscopic technique which measures the difference in reflectance of two beams of light that are shone in normal incident on a surface with different linear polarizations. It is also known as reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS).

It is calculated as:

and  are the reflectance in two different polarizations.

The method was introduced in 1985 for the study optical properties of the cubic semiconductors silicon and germanium. Due to its high surface sensitivity and independence of ultra-high vacuum, its use has been expanded to in situ monitoring of epitaxial growth or the interaction of surfaces with adsorbates. To assign specific features in the signal to their origin in morphology and electronic structure, theoretical modelling by density functional theory is required.

Reflectance
The reflectance of the surface of a material is its effectiveness in reflecting radiant energy. It is the fraction of incident electromagnetic power that is reflected at the boundary. Reflectance is a component of the response of the electronic structure of the material to the electromagnetic field of light, and is in general a function of the frequency, or wavelength, of the light, its polarization, and the angle of incidence. The dependence of reflectance on the wavelength is called a reflectance spectrum or spectral reflectance curve.
USAT Warren
USAT Warren was the former Hamburg America Line liner Scandia, laid down as the Scandiinavia at AG Vulcan Stettin, launched on 24th Aug 1889. The liner was purchased by the U.S. Army Quartermaster Department 5 July 1898.  In March 1899 Scandia was renamed Warren for Maj. Gen. Gouverneur K. Warren. Serving the Army Transport Service as United States Army Transport (USAT) Warren the ship was assigned to the Philippine Inter-Island Service based in Manila as one of the interisland transports. Along with routine voyages transporting troops and supplies among the islands the ship made routine trips to China with the Chinese port of Chingwangtao a routine part of service. Warren underwent major overhaul and was "practically reconstructed" during fiscal year 1916 (1 July 1915—30 June 1916) including boiler replacement.

In 1912 Warren's signal was GWCD with radio call letters ATW.

Hamburg America Line
The Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft (HAPAG), known in English as the Hamburg America Line, was a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg, in 1847. Among those involved in its development were prominent German citizens such as Albert Ballin (director general), Adolph Godeffroy, Ferdinand Laeisz, Carl Woermann, August Bolten, and others, and its main financial backers were Berenberg Bank and H. J. Merck & Co. It soon developed into the largest German, and at times the world's largest, shipping company, serving the market created by German immigration to the United States and later, immigration from Eastern Europe. On 1 September 1970, after 123 years of independent existence, HAPAG merged with the Bremen-based North German Lloyd to form Hapag-Lloyd AG, today an international shipping and container transportation company.
Fredrik Ask
Fredrik Ask (born 5 September 1990) is a Norwegian former tennis player and padel player.

Ask played college tennis at the University of Arizona.

Ask has a career high ATP singles ranking of 1251 achieved on 18 October 2010 and his career high ATP doubles ranking of 800 was achieved on 23 October 2017.

Ask represented Norway at the Davis Cup where he has a W/L record of 1–3.

Padel
Padel (Spanish: pádel) is a racquet sport that combines elements of tennis and squash. It is usually played in doubles (2 vs 2) on a small enclosed court with glass and mesh walls that are part of the game. It has the same scoring system as tennis, but different rules. For example: the rackets are solid (without strings) and perforated. Balls are played off the court walls, similar to squash. A serve must place the ball at or below the waist level in the opposite court. Padel originated in Mexico in 1969. It became hugely popular in Spain and Argentina.

As of 2023, there are more than 25 million active players in more than 90 countries, according to the International Padel Federation (FIP). In 2023, the global padel market was valued at approximately €2 billion The Padel World Championship has been held every second year since 1992, with Argentina (every time), Spain, or Brazil reaching the final in each competition.
Kole Rašić
Nikola Rašić (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Рашић; ca. 1839 – August 6, 1898), known as Kole Rašić (Коле Рашић) was a Serb revolutionary and guerilla fighter, who led a cheta of 300 men between Niš and Leskovac in Ottoman areas during the Serbian-Turkish Wars (1876–1878). He later became a politician in liberated Niš. He was a merchant by profession, who on his trip to Russia met with Miloš Obrenović and decided to stay in Niš to prepare a future liberation with the help of the Serbian Army. Rašić was one of the founders and organizers of the Niš Committee, established in 1874, with the goal of liberating the Niš Sanjak. His unit joined general Mikhail Chernyayev in 1876.

Revolutionary
A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates for, a revolution. The term revolutionary can also be used as an adjective to describe something producing a major and sudden impact on society.