hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Broughtentown, Kentucky
Broughtentown (also spelled Broughtontown) is an unincorporated community in Lincoln County, Kentucky, United States. The community is in the southeast corner of the county at the intersection of State Routes 618 and 1781.

Broughtentown had its own elementary school until 1994, when the county school board closed the building after its septic tank system failed. While the initial closure was described as temporary, the board voted to permanently close the school the following year. The community also has a fire station, which has doubled as a polling place for the local election precinct.

Lincoln County, Kentucky
Lincoln County is a county located in south-central Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,275. Its county seat is Stanford. Lincoln County is part of the Danville, KY Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Raseiniai County
Raseiniai County (Russian: Россиенский уезд, Raseinių apskritis) was one of the counties of the Russian Empire with its seat in Raseiniai from 1793 until 1915 when it became a part of Lithuania District in Oberost.

Lithuania District
Lithuania District (German: Verwaltungsbezirk Litauen) was an administrative subdivision of German-controlled territory of Ober-Ost, from 1915 to 1918, during World War I. It was bordered by the Bialystok-Grodno District to the south and the Courland District to the north.
Nodal homolog
Nodal homolog is a secretory protein that in humans is encoded by the NODAL gene which is located on chromosome 10q22.1. It belongs to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily (TGF-β superfamily). Like many other members of this superfamily it is involved in cell differentiation in early embryogenesis, playing a key role in signal transfer from the primitive node, in the anterior primitive streak, to lateral plate mesoderm (LPM).

Nodal signaling is important very early in development for mesoderm and endoderm formation and subsequent organization of left-right axial structures. In addition, Nodal seems to have important functions in neural patterning, stem cell maintenance and many other developmental processes, including left/right handedness.

Chromosome 10
Chromosome 10 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 10 spans about 134 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4 and 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.
Speaker of the House of Commons (Canada)
The speaker of the House of Commons (French: président de la Chambre des communes) is the presiding officer of the lower house of the Parliament of Canada. A member of Parliament (MP), a speaker is elected at the beginning of each new parliament by fellow MPs. The speaker's role in presiding over the House of Commons of Canada is similar to that of speakers elsewhere in other countries that use the Westminster system.

The 40th speaker of the House of Commons is Francis Scarpaleggia, who assumed the role on May 26, 2025. The speaker with the longest tenure is Peter Milliken who was elected for four consecutive terms lasting 10 years, 124 days.

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.
Spirifer
Spirifer is a genus of marine brachiopods belonging to the order Spiriferida and family Spiriferidae. Species belonging to the genus lived in the Carboniferous (certainly in the Tournaisian and in the Visean, possibly also in the Serpukhovian and the Bashkirian).

This genus used to be treated more widely, so less critical sources list its species from the Middle Ordovician (Sandbian) through to the Late Triassic (Carnian) with a global distribution.

Like most brachiopods, representatives of Spirifer were stationary epifaunal suspension feeders.

Tournaisian
The Tournaisian is in the ICS geologic timescale the lowest stage or oldest age of the Mississippian, the oldest subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Tournaisian age lasted from 358.86 Ma to 346.7 Ma. It is preceded by the Famennian (the uppermost stage of the Devonian) and is followed by the Viséan. In global stratigraphy, the Tournaisian contains two substages: the Hastarian (lower Tournaisian) and Ivorian (upper Tournaisian). These two substages were originally designated as European regional stages.
Apical dendrite
An apical dendrite is a dendrite that emerges from the apex of a pyramidal cell. Apical dendrites are one of two primary categories of dendrites, and they distinguish the pyramidal cells from spiny stellate cells in the cortices. Pyramidal cells are found in the prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex, the olfactory cortex, and other areas.  Dendrite arbors formed by apical dendrites are the means by which synaptic inputs into a cell are integrated. The apical dendrites in these regions contribute significantly to memory, learning, and sensory associations by modulating the excitatory and inhibitory signals received by the pyramidal cells.

Olfactory system
The olfactory system is the sensory system used for the sense of smell (olfaction). Olfaction is one of the special senses directly associated with specific organs. Most mammals and reptiles have a main olfactory system and an accessory olfactory system. The main olfactory system detects airborne substances, while the accessory system senses fluid-phase stimuli.

The senses of smell and taste (gustatory system) are often referred to together as the chemosensory system, because they both give the brain information about the chemical composition of objects through a process called transduction.
Oliver's Universe
Oliver's Universe (Spanish: El universo de Óliver) is a 2022 coming-of-age film directed by Alexis Morante which stars Rubén Fulgencio as the title character alongside Salva Reina, María León and Pedro Casablanc. It adapts the novel El universo de Óliver by Miguel Ángel González Carrasco.

Salva Reina
Salvador "Salva" Reina (born 9 April 1978) is a Spanish actor and stand-up comedian, often referred to in the industry by the nickname 'Chuki'. He became known for performances in television series such as Allí abajo and Sabuesos or the film Marshland.
Ojulari
Ojulari listenⓘis a Nigerian surname of Yoruba origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Azeez Ojulari (born 2000), American football player

BJ Ojulari (born 2002), American football player

Idewu Ojulari (died c. 1835), Lagos ruler

Idewu Ojulari
Oba Idewu Ojulari (died c 1835) reigned as Oba of Lagos from 1829 to about 1834/5.  His father was Oba Osinlokun and his siblings were Kosoko (who was Oba from 1845 to 1851) and Opo Olu, a wealthy and powerful female slave holder.
Kawkab, Rif Dimashq
Kawkab (Arabic: كوكب) is a Syrian village in the Qatana District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. Kawkab is Arabic for "star". According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Kawkab had a population of 1,188 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Qatana District
Qatana District (Arabic: منطقة قطنا, romanized: minṭaqat Qaṭana) is a district of the Rif Dimashq Governorate in southern Syria.

The district is located just to the east of Mount Hermon. Administrative centre is the city of Qatana. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 207,245.
Manamalai
Manamalai (Tamil pronunciation: [maɳamaːl̪aɪ̯]; transl. The Wedding Garland) is a 1958 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by Chitrapu Narayana Rao and written by Vindhan. It is based on the 1914 novel Parineeta by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay. The film stars Gemini Ganesan and Savitri. It was released on 14 February 1958, and failed commercially.

Chitrapu Narayana Rao
Chitrapu Narayana Rao (born Chithrapu Narayana Murthy; 1913-1985) was an Indian film director and producer known for his works in Telugu and Tamil cinema. He received a Certificate of Merit for the Third Best Tamil Film for Edhir Paradhathu (1958) and Annaiyin Aanai (1962). He also won the Nandi Award for the 1967 Telugu film Bhakta Prahlada.
Millis Branch
The Millis Branch was a branch of what is now the MBTA Commuter Rail system in Massachusetts, United States.  Branching off the still-operating Needham Line at Needham Junction, it ran through the towns of Dover, Medfield, Millis, and Medway.  Due to lack of subsidies and poor ridership, the line was cut back to Millis station in April 1966, and all service ended on April 21, 1967, with the exception of some freight use on short portions of the line.

Dover, Massachusetts
Dover is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 5,923 at the time of the 2020 United States Census.

Located about 15 miles (24 km) southwest of downtown Boston, Dover is a residential town nestled on the south banks of the Charles River. Almost all of the residential zoning requires 1 acre (4,000 m2) or larger. As recently as the early 1960s, 75% of its annual town budget was allocated to snow removal, as only one and a half miles (2.4 km) of the town's roads are state highway.

Dover is bordered by Natick, Wellesley and Needham to the north, Westwood to the east, Walpole and Medfield to the south, and Sherborn to the west.

For geographic and demographic information on the census-designated place Dover, please see the article Dover (CDP), Massachusetts.
2023 Bengaluru Open – Doubles
Alexander Erler and Arjun Kadhe were the defending champions but only Kadhe chose to defend his title, partnering Maximilian Neuchrist. Kadhe and Neuchrist lost in the semifinals to Anirudh Chandrasekar and Vijay Sundar Prashanth.

Chung Yun-seong and Hsu Yu-hsiou won the title after defeating Chandrasekar and Prashanth 3–6, 7–6(9–7), [11–9] in the final.

Alexander Erler
Alexander Erler (Austrian German: [alɛkˈsandɐ ˈɛrlɐ]; born 27 October 1997) is an Austrian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 32, achieved on 8 May 2023. He also reached a singles ranking of No. 322 on 4 October 2021.

Erler has won nine ATP Tour doubles titles, seven of them with compatriot Lucas Miedler.

Erler also earned ten doubles trophies on the ATP Challenger Tour, as well as multiple titles on the ITF Men's Tour.
Jean Antoine Joseph Fauchet
Jean Antoine Joseph Fauchet (1761, in Saint-Quentin – 1834, in Paris) was a French diplomat, and French ambassador to the United States.

He studied law. When the French Revolution broke out, he published pamphlets praising the event. He was a secretary in the Ministry of War, and then Executive Council.

He was appointed ambassador to the United States, with orders to arrest Edmond-Charles Genêt. He wrote an essay about Franco-American relations and America itself (translated by W. Duane, 1797). He pressed the United States for repayment of the loans that had been made.
Some of the letters that he wrote were intercepted and used to embarrass Edmund Randolph.

He supported Napoleon's coup d'etat, and was made a prefect of Var, and then Gironde. In 1805, he was made a baron. He was dismissed during the Bourbon Restoration in 1814.

Bourbon Restoration in France
The Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history during which the House of Bourbon returned to power after the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1814 and 1815. Exiled supporters of the monarchy returned to France, which had been profoundly changed by the French Revolution. Exhausted by the Napoleonic Wars, the kingdom experienced a period of internal and external peace, stable economic prosperity and the preliminaries of industrialisation. The July Revolution of 1830 effectively ended the restoration during the reign of Charles X, brother of the late King Louis XVI, leading to the July Monarchy and eventually the French Second Republic.
Zethus (crater)
Zethus /ˈziːθəs/ is a large crater on Jupiter's moon Thebe. The crater is named after Zethus, the husband of the nymph Thebe in Greek mythology, and is the only named surface feature on Thebe. It measures 40 km (25 mi) across in diameter, making quite large when compared to Thebe itself. Zethus, like many other craters on Thebe and Amalthea has bright spots located near its rim. Zethus never faces Jupiter due to being tidally locked to Jupiter in a way that Thebe's long axis points towards Jupiter.

Amphion and Zethus
Amphion (/æmˈfaɪ.ɒn/; Ancient Greek: Ἀμφίων, romanized: Amphíōn) and Zethus (/ˈziːθəs/; Ancient Greek: Ζῆθος, romanized: Zêthos) were, in ancient Greek mythology, the twin sons of Zeus (or Theobus) by Antiope. They are important characters in one of the two founding myths of the city of Thebes, because they constructed the city's walls. Zethus or Amphion had a daughter called Neis (Νηίς), and the Neitian gate at Thebes was believed to have derived its name from her.
Castlereagh Aerodrome
Castlereagh Aerodrome was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) emergency landing ground and dispersal ground during World War II at Castlereagh, New South Wales, Australia. The runway was 5,000 ft (1,500 m) long × 150 ft (46 m) wide. The airfield was to become home to No. 94 Squadron's Mosquito aircraft and had been upgraded by No. 9 Airfield Construction Squadron, however the aircraft did not arrive before No. 94 Squadron was relocated to RAAF Base Richmond and disbanded.

After disposal by the RAAF, the airfield was used as a drag strip from the early 1960s, eventually closing in April 1984, becoming Castlereagh Country Estate.

Castlereagh, New South Wales
Castlereagh is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Castlereagh is 67 kilometres (42 mi) north-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Penrith and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region.
Mauno Jussila
Mauno Nikolai Jussila (15 August 1908 – 3 November 1988) was a Finnish farmer and politician, born in Vahto. He served as deputy minister of finance from 3 March 1956 to 27 May 1957 and from 29 August 1958 to 13 January 1958, as deputy minister of social affairs from 14 August 1961 to 13 April 1962, as deputy minister of finance from 13 April 1962 to 13 December 1963 and as minister of finance from 13 December to 18 December 1963. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1951 to 1970, representing the Agrarian League, which renamed itself the Centre Party in 1965.

Vahto
Vahto (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈʋɑhto]) is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with Rusko on January 1, 2009.

It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Southwest Finland region. The municipality had a population of 1,876 (2004-12-31) and covered an area of 77.10 km2 of which 0.02 km2 is water. The population density was 24.34 inhabitants per km2.

Vahto was one of the 18 municipalities in the Turku region, and due to its close proximity to the center of Turku (about 20 km), it may also be considered part of the Turku metropolitan area. In the north, Vahto shared a common boundary mark with seven other municipalities. This famous site, called Kuhankuono in Finnish, is also a pre-historical border mark between Southwest Finland and the other Finnish provinces.

The municipality was unilingually Finnish.
Busker Busker
Busker Busker  (Korean: 버스커 버스커) is a South Korean indie band who rose to fame through their runner-up performance in the South Korean music audition television program Superstar K3 on Mnet. The band consists of guitarist and vocalist Jang Beom-june, bassist Kim Hyung-tae and drummer Brad Moore.

Busker Busker 1st Album and its single "Cherry Blossom Ending" were released in March 2012. The band's six-month contract with CJ E&M came to an end in 2012, and they then joined Chungchun Music, releasing Busker Busker 2nd Album in September 2013. In December 2013, they announced they had temporarily disbanded yet the members have repeatedly hinted at a reunion.

Mnet (TV channel)
Music Network (acronym of the Mnet) is a South Korean pay television music channel owned by CJ ENM Entertainment Division.

The CJ E&M Center Studio located in Sangam-dong, Mapo District, Seoul is the headquarters, broadcast and recording centre of many Mnet programs with a studio audience, namely the live weekly music show M Countdown. It is also the venue for live performances in survival shows such as Superstar K, Show Me The Money series, Produce 101 series, Comeback War series, Planet series and Street Dance series. Other shows are filmed in CJ E&M Studio in Ilsan and CJ E&M Contents World in Paju.
Hans-Georg von Seidel
Hans-Georg von Seidel (11 November 1891 – 10 November 1955) was a German military leader who served in the German Army during World War I and in the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) during World War II. Seidel was promoted to the rank of General der Flieger (General of the Aviators).

Seidel served for most of World War II as the head of German Air Force organization, armament, maintenance, and supply. He was a practical realist who distanced himself from his idealist boss Hans Jeschonnek, Luftwaffe Chief of Staff, an unquestioning follower of Adolf Hitler. Seidel attempted to implement the expansive German war plans but suffered from heavy combat losses of materiel and men. After the war, Seidel was chosen leader of the high-ranking prisoners of war at Island Farm.

War Merit Cross
The War Merit Cross (German: Kriegsverdienstkreuz) was a state decoration of Nazi Germany during World War II. By the end of the conflict it was issued in four degrees and had an equivalent civil award. A "de-Nazified" version of the War Merit Cross was reissued in 1957 by the Bundeswehr for its veterans.
Lotus E21
The Lotus E21 is a Formula One racing car designed and built by the Lotus F1 team for use in the 2013 championship. The chassis was designed by James Allison, Nick Chester, Martin Tolliday, Daniele Casanova and Dirk de Beer with Renault supplying the team's engines. The car was driven by 2007 World Champion Kimi Räikkönen and Romain Grosjean, both of whom remained with the team after competing in 2012. The E21 was the first of the 2013 season cars to be launched.

Daniele Casanova
Daniele Casanova (1970 – 13 October 2018) was an Italian Formula One engineer. He specialised in vehicle dynamics and simulation engineering and held senior engineering positions at Red Bull Racing, Renault F1 Team, Lotus F1 Team and Scuderia Ferrari.
Bryan–Chamorro Treaty
The Bryan–Chamorro Treaty was signed between Nicaragua and the United States on August 5, 1914. It gave the United States full rights over any future canal built through Nicaragua. The Wilson administration changed the treaty by adding a provision similar in language to that of the Platt Amendment, which would have authorized military intervention in Nicaragua. The United States Senate opposed the new provision; in response, it was dropped, and the treaty was formally ratified on June 19, 1916. Eventually, the United States recognized that the canal was unlikely, and at the request of Nicaragua in 1970, the two nations officially abolished the treaty and all its provisions.

Juan José Estrada
Juan José Estrada Morales (1 January 1872 in Managua – 11 July 1967 in Managua) was the President of Nicaragua from 29 August 1910 to 9 May 1911. He came to power after ousting President José Santos Zelaya in 1909. He was liberal.
German ship Köln
Several naval ships of Germany were named Cöln or Köln after the city of Cologne, Germany (German: Köln):

SMS Cöln (1909) (1911–1914), a Kolberg-class cruiser

SMS Cöln (1916) (1918–1919), a Cöln-class cruiser

German cruiser Köln (1930–1945), a Königsberg-class cruiser

German frigate Köln (F220) (1961–1982), a F120 Köln-class frigate

German frigate Köln (F211) (1984–2012), a F122 Bremen-class frigate

German corvette Köln (F265), a Braunschweig-class corvette

German frigate Köln (F211)
Köln was a Bremen-class frigate of the German Navy.  She was the fifth ship of the class, and the fifth ship to serve with one of the navies of Germany to be named after the city of Cologne, in North Rhine-Westphalia. Her predecessor was the frigate Köln of the Bundesmarine, lead ship of the Köln class.
Unicity Mall
Unicity Shopping Centre (Formerly Unicity Mall) is a shopping centre in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It is officially classified as a big-box centre. The location was originally the site of Unicity Mall, which was an enclosed shopping mall. It was named for the 1972 unicity restructuring of city management.

Originally known as Unicity Fashion Square when it opened in September 1975, the mall was anchored by a Woolco and The Bay, and was one of only three malls in the city, along with Polo Park and Grant Park Shopping Centre. Managed by Trizec Corporation, the mall initially prospered despite one wing being almost completely empty. The food court McDonald's was the first to be placed inside a mall in western Canada. The Mall was demolished in 2000 to make way for the current shopping centre.

Trizec Properties
Trizec Properties, Inc., previously known as TrizecHahn Corporation, was a real estate investment trust headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. It was originally a Canadian company. The name is derived from the initials of the three groups (Tri) that formed Trizec Properties Ltd: Zeckendorf, Eagle Star, and Covent Gardens.

In 1994, it was acquired by Peter Munk and in October 2006, it was acquired by Brookfield Properties and the Blackstone Group.
Colorado Mills
Colorado Mills is a 1,411,627 sq ft (131,000 m2) outlet shopping mall in Lakewood, Colorado. The mall has 11 anchor stores, including Nike Factory Outlet, Target, Burlington, Dick's Sporting Goods, H&M, Off Broadway Shoe Warehouse, and United Artist Theater & IMAX. It also has a variety of fast food restaurants, fast casual dining, and dine-in restaurants, including Yard House, Qdoba Mexican Eats, and Cinnabon. The mall has over 180 stores, many of which are outlet locations, as well as many locally owned and operated stores and a large variety of kiosks.

Walking one full circuit around the mall's main promenade is almost a mile and has a large following of mall walkers.

On May 8, 2017, the mall was severely damaged by a hailstorm and closed for six months. The mall re-opened on November 21, 2017.

Dick's Sporting Goods
Dick's Sporting Goods, Inc. (stylized as DICK'S Sporting Goods) is an American chain of sporting goods stores founded in 1948 by Richard "Dick" Stack. It is the largest sporting goods retailer in the United States and is listed on the Fortune 500.
Cochlospermum regium
Cochlospermum regium, also known as yellow cotton tree (Portuguese: Algodao do cerrado; Thai: สุพรรณิการ์, RTGS: suphannika), is a flowering plant that has its origins in the Cerrado tropical savanna of South America (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay), but now it is also common in Southeast Asia.

Cochlospermum regium is a small tree. Its yellow and bright flowers have antioxidant properties. 
In Thailand it is the provincial flower of Nakhon Nayok, Sara Buri, Buri Ram, Suphan Buri and Uthai Thani Provinces.

Antioxidant
Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation, a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals. Autoxidation leads to degradation of organic compounds, including living matter. Antioxidants are frequently added to industrial products, such as polymers, fuels, and lubricants, to extend their usable lifetimes. Foods are also treated with antioxidants to prevent spoilage, in particular the rancidification of oils and fats. In cells, antioxidants such as glutathione, mycothiol, or bacillithiol, and enzyme systems like superoxide dismutase, inhibit damage from oxidative stress.

Dietary antioxidants are vitamins A, C, and E, but the term has also been applied to various compounds that exhibit antioxidant properties in vitro, having little evidence for antioxidant properties in vivo. Dietary supplements marketed as antioxidants have not been shown to maintain health or prevent disease in humans.