hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Modern Age (periodical)
Modern Age is an American conservative academic quarterly journal. It was founded in 1957 by Russell Kirk in collaboration with Henry Regnery. Between 1957 and 1976, the journal was published independently in Chicago. In 1976, it was acquired by the Intercollegiate Studies Institute, its current publisher.

Peter Lawler (academic)
Peter Augustine Lawler (July 30, 1951 – May 23, 2017) was an American academic who was Dana Professor of Government at Berry College. He taught courses in political philosophy and American politics.

He was executive editor of the quarterly journal Perspectives on Political Science and was a chairman of the politics and literature section of the American Political Science Association. He also served on the editorial board of the new bilingual critical edition of Alexis de Tocqueville's Democracy in America. Lawler also served on the editorial boards of several journals.

Upon his death, The Week penned an obituary, "Why every smart liberal should read conservative philosopher Peter Lawler," recommending that, "at a time when the post-Goldwater conservative movement finds itself increasingly eclipsed by right-wing populism, Lawler's distinctive vision and voice may be more pertinent than ever."
Law & Business (Ukrainian newspaper)
Law & Business (Russian: Закон и Бизнес, Ukrainian: Закон і Бізнес, romanized: Zakon i Biznes) is Ukraine's weekly legal newspaper. It circulates to lawyers, judges, and general counsel from state offices. The paper reports legal information of national importance, including legal news for the business and private sectors, court decisions, verdicts, practitioners' columns, and coverage of legislative issues.

The newspaper was founded in 1991, and as of 2011 its print circulation was about 16,000. It is published in the Russian and Ukrainian languages. Both language editions and its archives are freely available online.

Legal periodical
A legal periodical is a periodical about law. Legal periodicals include legal newspapers, law reviews, periodicals published by way of commerce, periodicals published by practitioner bodies, and periodicals concerned with a particular branch of the law.

The obituaries and profiles in legal periodicals may be useful to historians and biographers. Book reviews in legal periodicals may be useful to librarians. There is a Book Review Index in the Index to Legal Periodicals.
Adelpha nea
Adelpha nea, the Nea sister, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1847. It is found from south-eastern Mexico, Belize and Costa Rica to Venezuela and southern Peru, the Guianas and Amazonian Brazil.

The larvae feed on Miconia species.

William Chapman Hewitson
William Chapman Hewitson (9 January 1806, in Newcastle upon Tyne – 28 May 1878, in Oatlands Park, Surrey) was a British naturalist. A wealthy collector, Hewitson was particularly devoted to Coleoptera (beetles) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and, also, to birds' nests and eggs. His collection of butterflies, collected by him as well as purchased from travellers throughout the world, was one of the largest and most important of his time. He contributed to and published many works on entomology and ornithology and was an accomplished scientific illustrator.
Dos Rios station
Dos Rios is a planned SacRT light rail infill station in Sacramento, California. It will be served by the Blue Line. The staggered platforms are located on North 12th Street between Sunbeam Avenue and Richards Boulevard. The station is being constructed to provide transit to a low-income housing project adjacent to the site, and was partially funded by a grant from the California Strategic Growth Council. Dos Rios is expected to open to revenue service in September 2026.

Blue Line (SacRT)
The Blue Line is a light rail line in the Sacramento Regional Transit District (SacRT) system.  It runs primarily north–south in Sacramento between Watt/I-80 and Cosumnes River College.  Along the route, the Blue Line serves North Highlands, North Sacramento, Downtown and South Sacramento.  Portions of the Blue Line run along the original initial alignment between Watt/I-80 and 16th Street stations.
Novonikolayevka, Yermekeyevsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Novonikolayevka (Russian: Новониколаевка) is a rural locality (a village) in Nizhneulu-Yelginsky Selsoviet, Yermekeyevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 74 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Yermekeyevsky District
Yermekeyevsky District (Russian: Ермеке́евский райо́н; Bashkir: Йәрмәкәй районы, Yärmäkäy rayonı; Tatar: Ярмәкәй районы, Yarmäkäy rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Tuymazinsky District in the north, Belebeyevsky District in the east, Bizhbulyaksky District in the southeast, and with Orenburg Oblast and the Republic of Tatarstan in the west. The area of the district is 1,437 square kilometers (555 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Yermekeyevo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 17,162, with the population of Yermekeyevo accounting for 22.9% of that number.
Meno Ektos
Meno Ektos (English title: I Still Remain An Outcast; Greek: Μένω Εκτός) is an album by popular Greek artist Eleftheria Arvanitaki. It was released in 1991 and it is her fourth personal album.  It went gold in Greece, selling over 50,000 copies; it spawned "Dinata" (Greek: Δυνατά), one of her signature songs. The lyrics of the album's songs, except Σαν Δεύτερη Φωνή (English title: Like a backing voice) and "Κύμα το κύμα" (English title: Wave after wave) who have been written by Thodoris Gonis and Yiorgos Zikas respectively, were written by Lina Nikolakopoulou; the music composers are Ara Dinkjian, Antonis Mitzelos, Christos Nikolopoulos, Zoran Simganovic, George Zikas and Nikos Xydakis.

Nikos Xydakis (musician)
Nikos Xydakis (Greek: Νίκος Ξυδάκης; born 17 March 1952) is a Greek composer, pianist, and singer. Born in Cairo, Egypt, he immigrated with his family to Greece in 1963. Much of his music has its root in theatrical music.

Xydakis has collaborated with many of the most influential Greek musicians, actors and directors, including Eleftheria Arvanitaki and Sokratis Malamas. His work includes the music for Theater of Thessaly's historic production of Electra. His professional partner is Theodore Gonis.
Opening Night (Smash)
"Opening Night" is the twenty seventh episode of the American television series Smash. It was written by Bathsheba Doran and Noelle Valdivia and directed by Michael Morris. The episode premiered on NBC on April 20, 2013, the twelfth episode of Season 2. After months of hurdles, Bombshell's opening night is here. As Ivy's nerves get the better of her, support comes from an unlikely source. Meanwhile, Tom and Julia look to their next project. Bombshell's success may be in jeopardy as Eileen's issues with Richard come to a head. Jimmy reveals all to Karen about his dark past.

Scott Wittman
Scott Wittman (born November 16, 1954) is an American director, lyricist, composer, and writer for Broadway, concerts, and television. He is best known for his collaborations with composer Marc Shaiman on works such as Hairspray and Smash. Wittman has received two Tony Awards nominations, winning one, along with two Grammy wins, one Primetime Emmy Award from four nominations, and an Academy Award nomination.
Johanna Clementina Hudig
Johanna Clementina Hudig, (Groningen, 27 March 1907 - Amersfoort, 29 July 1996) was the first female judge in the Netherlands. From 1947 to 1977, she was a juvenile judge attached to the District Court of Rotterdam. From 1957 to 1972, she was attached to the University of Utrecht as extraordinary professor of children's rights and child protection.

Judiciary of the Netherlands
The Judiciary of the Netherlands is the system of courts which interprets and applies the law in the Netherlands.

The court system follows the traditional hierarchical pattern. It is largely based on that of France: the state rather than the individual initiates legal proceedings and Administrative justice is dealt with separately from civil or criminal justice. In the Netherlands, there is also no jury system. The judiciary is independent and judges can only be removed from office for malfeasance or incapacity.
Willgerodt rearrangement
The Willgerodt rearrangement or Willgerodt reaction is an organic reaction converting an aryl alkyl ketone, alkyne, or alkene to the corresponding amide by reaction with ammonium polysulfide, named after Conrad Willgerodt. The formation of the corresponding carboxylic acid is a side reaction resulting from hydrolysis of the amide. When the alkyl group is an aliphatic chain (n typically 0 to 5), multiple reactions take place with the amide group always ending up at the terminal end.   The net effect is thus migration of the carbonyl group to the end of the chain and oxidation.

An example with modified reagents (sulfur, concentrated ammonium hydroxide and pyridine) is the conversion of acetophenone to 2-phenylacetamide and phenylacetic acid

Ammonia solution
Ammonia solution is a solution of ammonia in water. Alternatively, it is known as ammonia water, ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, ammonia liquor, liquid ammonia, aqua ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or (inaccurately) ammonia.  It can be denoted by the symbols NH3(aq).  Although the name ammonium hydroxide suggests a salt with the composition [NH+4][OH−], it is impossible to isolate samples of NH4OH. The ions NH+4 and OH− do not account for a significant fraction of the total amount of ammonia except in extremely dilute solutions.

The concentration of such solutions is measured in units of the Baumé scale (density), with 26 degrees Baumé (about 30% of ammonia by weight at 15.5 °C or 59.9 °F) being the typical high-concentration commercial product.
Spring Garden-Terra Verde, Texas
Spring Garden-Terra Verde is a census-designated place (CDP) in Nueces County, Texas, United States. The population was 693 at the 2000 census.

Spring Garden-Terra Verde CDP split into the Spring Gardens CDP and the Tierra Verde CDP for the 2010 census.

Nueces County, Texas
Nueces County (/njuˈeɪsɪs/ new-AY-siss) is located in the southern part of the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 353,178, making it the 16th-most populous county in the state. The county seat is Corpus Christi, which is also the most populous city in the Nueces County, at 317,773 people, as of 2021. The county was formed in 1846 from portions of San Patricio County and organized the following year. It is named after the Nueces River, which marks the county's northwestern boundary with San Patricio County before emptying into its mouth at Nueces Bay north of the port of Corpus Christi. Nueces County is part of the Corpus Christi metropolitan area.
David A. Hidalgo
David A. Hidalgo is an American reconstructive and aesthetic plastic surgeon, author, and visual artist. He holds the academic title of Clinical Professor of Surgery at Weill Cornell Medical College (New York-Presbyterian) in New York City.

During his tenure as the former Chief of the Plastic and Reconstructive Service at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York, Hidalgo performed the first fibula free flap for mandible (jaw) reconstruction. This procedure, performed in cancer patients, utilized microsurgical techniques to preserve the viability of the bone transplant. Additional development of the technique delineated its unique advantages. Subsequent publications established it as the standard of care worldwide.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery is a peer-reviewed medical journal and the official publication of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. It covers all aspects of plastic and reconstructive surgery, including operative procedures, clinical or laboratory research, and case reports.
205 Al-Badr Corps
The 205 Al-Badr Corps is one of the eight corps of the Islamic Emirate Army established in October 2021 and headquartered in Kandahar. The current Chief of Staff is Mullah Bari Gul Akhund, with General Mehrullah Hamad as the first and current commander of the Corps. The Corps consists of four brigades, a commando battalion and three garrison and one frontier brigade, with integrated artillery and air lift capacity. In mid November 2021, 300 soldiers after completing military training graduated from the 2nd Brigade of the Al-Badr Corps in Zabul province.

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan-era corps it replaced was known as the 205th 'Atul' Corps, responsible for the south of the country (Kandahar, Zabul, Oruzgan, and Daikundi provinces), and was a part of Afghan National Army. It was captured during the Islamic Emirate offensive and Battle of Kandahar in August 2021.

Battle of Kandahar (2021)
The Battle of Kandahar began on 9 July 2021, as Taliban insurgents assaulted the city to capture it from the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF). After heavy fighting for weeks the city's defenses had started to dissolve in August. This allowed the Taliban to enter and overrun most of the city on 12 August 2021, including the Sarposa prison, which included the release of over 1,000 prisoners, and ultimately the capture of the city. However, the siege for the nearby airport continued, where government loyalists held out until being evacuated on 16 August.
Arjun Sasi
Arjun Sasi is an Indian rapper, singer, lyricist, actor and photographer based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. He first gained recognition in 2004 as a member of the pop band S5, launched by SS Music alongside Benny Dayal, Anaitha Nair, Suvi Suresh etc. Sasi later contributed to the 2007 album Malayalee with Vineeth Srinivasan, Shaan Rahman, and Jakes Bejoy, writing and performing the English-lyric track Friends Are Forever. He has lent his vocals and rap to works by notable music directors such as Santhosh Narayanan, Pravin Mani, Yuvan Shankar Raja, Vidyasagar, Jassie Gift, Rahul Raj, Suresh Peters, Deepak Dev, and Alphons Joseph. As an actor, he has played lead roles in the Malayalam films Out of Syllabus and By the People, both directed by Jayaraj.

Suresh Peters
Suresh Peters (born 26 April 1968) is an Indian musician. He is a music producer, drummer, music director in five Indian languages and a playback singer in multiple Indian languages for feature films in India.
Boris Vallejo
Boris Vallejo (born January 8, 1941) is a Peruvian-American painter who works in the science fiction, fantasy, and erotica genres. His hyper-representational paintings have appeared on the covers of numerous novels in the science fiction, sword and sorcery, and fantasy fiction genres, along with album covers for musical groups in addition to movie posters and other media. His art is also sold through a series of annual calendars.

Erotica
Erotica is art, literature or photography that deals substantively with subject matter that is erotic, sexually stimulating or sexually arousing. Some critics regard pornography as a type of erotica, but many consider it to be different. Erotic art may use any artistic form to depict erotic content, including painting, sculpture, drama, film or music. Erotic literature and erotic photography have become genres in their own right. Erotica also exists in a number of subgenres including gay, lesbian, women's, monster, tentacle erotica and bondage erotica.

Curiosa are curiosities or rarities, especially unusual or erotic books. In the antiquarian book trade, pornographic works are often listed under "curiosa", "erotica" or "facetiae".
Locus control region
A locus control region (LCR) is a long-range cis-regulatory element that enhances expression of linked genes at distal chromatin sites. It functions in a copy number-dependent manner and is tissue-specific, as seen in the selective expression of β-globin genes in erythroid cells. Expression levels of genes can be modified by the LCR and gene-proximal elements, such as promoters, enhancers, and silencers. The LCR functions by recruiting chromatin-modifying, coactivator, and transcription complexes. Its sequence is conserved in many vertebrates, and conservation of specific sites may suggest importance in function. It has been compared to a super-enhancer as both perform long-range cis regulation via recruitment of the transcription complex.

Promoter (genetics)
In genetics, a promoter is a sequence of DNA to which proteins bind to initiate transcription of a single RNA transcript from the DNA downstream of the promoter. The RNA transcript may encode a protein (mRNA), or can have a function in and of itself, such as tRNA or rRNA. Promoters are located near the transcription start sites of genes, upstream on the DNA (towards the 5' region of the sense strand).
Promoters can be about 100–1000 base pairs long, the sequence of which is highly dependent on the gene and product of transcription, type or class of RNA polymerase recruited to the site, and species of organism.
Laflin & Rand Powder Company
Laflin & Rand Powder Company was a gunpowder and early smokeless powder manufacturer notable for producing the smokeless powder used by United States Army infantry rifles from 1896 to 1908, which included the period of development of the M1903 Springfield rifle and .30-06 Springfield cartridge.

.30-06 Springfield
The .30-06 Springfield cartridge (pronounced "thirty-aught-six" /ˈθɜːrti ɔːt sɪks/), 7.62×63mm in metric notation, and called the .30 Gov't '06 by  Winchester, was introduced to the United States Army in 1906 and later standardized; it remained in military use until the late 1970s. In the cartridge's name, ".30" refers to the nominal caliber of the bullet in inches; "06" refers to the year the cartridge was adopted, 1906. It replaced the .30-03 Springfield, 6mm Lee Navy, and .30-40 Krag cartridges. The .30-06 remained the U.S. Army's primary rifle and machine gun cartridge for nearly 50 years before being replaced in 1957 by the 7.62×51mm NATO and 5.56×45mm NATO, both of which remain in current U.S. and NATO service. The cartridge remains a very popular sporting round, with ammunition produced by all major manufacturers.
Epiglaea apiata
Epiglaea apiata, the pointed sallow moth or cranberry blossom worm, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Brunswick, North Carolina, Ohio, Quebec, South Carolina and Wisconsin.

The wingspan is about 34 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from August to March, with most records in September and October.

The larvae feed on Oxycoccus and Cyanococcus species.

Blueberry
Blueberries are a widely distributed and widespread group of perennial flowering plants with blue or purple berries. They are classified in the section Cyanococcus within the genus Vaccinium. Commercial blueberries—both wild (lowbush) and cultivated (highbush)—are all native to North America. The highbush varieties were introduced into Europe during the 1930s.

Blueberries are usually prostrate shrubs that can vary in size from 10 centimeters (4 inches) to 4 meters (13 feet) in height. In the commercial production of blueberries, the species with small, pea-size berries growing on low-level bushes is known as "lowbush blueberries" (synonymous with "wild"), while the species with larger berries growing on taller, cultivated bushes is known as "highbush blueberries". In 2024, Canada was the leading producer of lowbush blueberries, while the United States produced 29% of the world's supply of highbush blueberries.
Gabrielle Enthoven
Gabrielle Enthoven OBE (born Augusta Gabrielle Eden Romaine, 12 January 1868 – 18 August 1950) was an English playwright, amateur actress, theatre archivist, and prolific collector of theatrical ephemera relating to the London stage. In 1911, Enthoven began campaigning for the establishment of a theatrical section in one of the British museums. In 1924, the Victoria and Albert Museum accepted her private collection, at this time containing over 80,000 theatrical playbills and programmes. The material became the founding collection of the museum's theatre and performance archives. Enthoven's unparalleled knowledge of the London stage and its history earned her the sobriquet "the theatrical encyclopaedia".

Radclyffe Hall
Marguerite Antonia Radclyffe-Hall (12 August 1880 – 7 October 1943), also known by her pen name Radclyffe Hall, was an English poet and author best known for her novel The Well of Loneliness, a groundbreaking work in lesbian literature. In adulthood, she often called herself John, rather than Marguerite.
2020–21 Campeonato Nacional Feminino
The 2020–21 Campeonato Nacional Feminino (also known as Liga BPI for sponsorship reasons) is the 36th edition of Campeonato Nacional Feminino.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal, no teams were relegated on the previous season, and a total of eight teams from 2019–20 Campeonato Nacional II Divisão first stage series were promoted, one from each serie. This led to the implementation of a new format this season including all 20 teams.

Campeonato Nacional Feminino
The Campeonato Nacional Feminino (English: Women's National Championship), also known as Liga BPI for sponsorship reasons, is the top-tier women's association football league in Portugal and part of the various women's football competitions in Portugal. It is run by the Portuguese Football Federation and began in 1993. An initial ten teams compete in the league, which replaced the Taça Nacional as the highest level of women's football in Portugal. The current champions are Benfica, who won their fourth consecutive title in 2023–24. The most successful team is S.U. 1º de Dezembro, with 12 titles.
Polish 1st Infantry Division
The term Polish 1st Infantry Division might refer to three distinct infantry units of the Polish Army, fighting during various stages of the World War II or during World War I

Polish 1st Legions Infantry Division, formed out of the Polish Legions in World War I and fighting in the Polish-Bolshevik War and Invasion of Poland of 1939

Polish 1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division, formed by Zygmunt Berling in the USSR and fighting alongside the Red Army on the eastern front of World War II

Polish 1st Rifleman Division formed in France in 1918, from 1919 known as the Polish 13th Infantry Division

1st Legions Infantry Division (Poland)
The Polish 1st Legions Infantry Division (1. Dywizja Piechoty Legionów) is a tactical formation of the Polish Army. The division was formed on 20 February 1919 and carries the traditions of the 1st Legions Infantry Division, which was formed in 1919 with veterans of the Polish Legions in World War I. The division saw extensive combat during the Polish–Soviet War. Afterwards the division served with the Polish Army of the Second Polish Republic. In 1939, the division fought against Wehrmacht forces during the German Invasion of Poland.