hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Handel (warning system)
Handel was the code-name for the United Kingdom's national attack warning system in the Cold War that was in place between 1962 and 1992. It consisted of two injection sites (RAF High Wycombe and the Royal Observer Corps Group 21 bunker in Goosnargh, Lancashire) linked to a series of two hundred and fifty-two carrier control points installed in major police stations; in turn, the control points were linked to several thousand receiver units installed at "warning points" in various police, fire, and coastguard stations, government buildings, hospitals, industrial centres, and Royal Observer Corps posts, with sufficiently remote areas having the units installed in post offices, public houses, churches, or even private dwellings.

A Handel warning console can be seen at the Imperial War Museum in London among their Cold War exhibits, alongside the warning apparatus used by Kent Police (which was located at Maidstone police station to activate the sirens).

Maidstone
Maidstone is the largest town in the county of Kent in South East England, of which it is also the county town. Maidstone is historically important and lies 32 miles (51 km) east-south-east of London. The River Medway runs through the centre of the town, linking it with Rochester and the Thames Estuary. Historically, the river carried much of the town's trade as the centre of the agricultural county of Kent, which is known as the Garden of England. There is evidence of settlement in the area dating back before the Stone Age. The town, part of the borough of Maidstone, had an approximate population of 100,000 in 2019. Since World War II, the town's economy has shifted from heavy industry towards light industry and services.
Fengli
Fengli (simplified Chinese: 风狸; traditional Chinese: 風狸/風貍; pinyin: fēng lí, literally 'wind leopard cat') is a legendary or mythified flying mammal of China, whose descriptions from various sources were collated in the Taiping Yulan encyclopedia (10th century) and the Bencao gangmu (16th century) compendium of materia medica.

It is called fūri by Japanese sources dating back to the Edo period.

Leopard cat
The leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) is a small wild cat native to continental South, Southeast, and East Asia. Since 2002 it has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List as it is widely distributed although threatened by habitat loss and hunting in parts of its range.

Historically, the leopard cat of continental Asia was considered  the same species as the Sunda leopard cat. As of 2017, the latter is recognised as a distinct species, with the taxonomic name Prionailurus javanensis.

Leopard cat subspecies differ widely in fur colour, tail length, skull shape and size of carnassials. Archaeological evidence indicates that the leopard cat was the first cat species domesticated in Neolithic China about 5,000 years ago in Shaanxi and Henan Provinces.
Ad-Dilli
Ad-Dilli (Arabic: الدلي) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Izraa District in the Daraa Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), ad-Dilli had a population of 1,271 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Izraa District
Izraa District (Arabic: منطقة إزرع, romanized: minṭaqat Izraʿ) is a district (mintaqah) administratively belonging to Daraa Governorate, Syria. At the 2004 Census it had a population of 246,915. Its administrative centre is the city of Izraa.
Klaas Bruinsma (translator)
Klaas Bruinsma (February 1, 1931, Easterein – October 29, 2018, Drachten) was a West Frisian language translator of historical works from Dutch, Spanish and Greek, among others.

He translated the works Karel ende Elegast and Beatrijs. In 1993 he was awarded the Obe Postma prize for his translation from Greek of the tragedies of Sophocles. In 2005 he obtained this prize for the second time for his translation of Virgil's Georgics and especially for his translations of the Iliad and the Odyssey of Homer.

Until his retirement, Bruinsma was a lecturer of English and history at the Ichthus College in Drachten, amongst others.

Georgics
The Georgics (/ˈdʒɔːrdʒɪks/ JOR-jiks; Latin: Georgica [ɡeˈoːrɡɪka]) is a poem by Latin poet Virgil, likely published in 29 BCE. As the name suggests (from the Greek word γεωργικά, geōrgiká, i.e. "agricultural [things]"), the subject of the poem is agriculture; but far from being an example of peaceful rural poetry, it is a work characterized by tensions in both theme and purpose.

The Georgics is considered Virgil's second major work, following his Eclogues and preceding the Aeneid. The poem draws on a variety of prior sources and has influenced many later authors from antiquity to the present.
Area rule
The Whitcomb area rule, named after a US National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) engineer Richard Whitcomb and also called the transonic area rule, is a design procedure used to reduce an aircraft's drag at transonic speeds which occur between about Mach 0.75 and 1.2. For supersonic speeds a different procedure called the supersonic area rule, developed by NACA aerodynamicist Robert Jones, is used.

Transonic is one of the most important speed ranges for commercial and military fixed-wing aircraft today, with transonic acceleration an important performance requirement for combat aircraft and which is improved by reductions in transonic drag.

Convair 990 Coronado
The Convair 990 Coronado is a retired American narrow-body four-engined jet airliner produced between 1961 and 1963 by the Convair division of American company General Dynamics. It was a stretched version of its earlier Convair 880 produced in response to a request from American Airlines: the 990 was lengthened by 10 ft (3.0 m), which increased the number of passengers from between 88 and 110 in the 880 to between 96 and 121. This was still fewer passengers than the contemporary Boeing 707 (110 to 189) or Douglas DC-8 (105 to 173), although the 990 was 25–35 mph (40–56 km/h) faster than either in cruise.
Thornton Willis
Thornton Wilson Willis (May 25, 1936 – June 15, 2025) was an American abstract painter. He contributed to the New York School of painting since the late 1960s. Viewed as a member of the Third Generation of American Abstract Expressionists, his work is associated with Abstract Expressionism, Lyrical Abstraction, Process Art, 
Postminimalism, Bio-morphic Cubism (a term he coined), and Color Field painting. Willis was a member of American Abstract Artists.

Postminimalism
Postminimalism is an art term coined (as post-minimalism) by Robert Pincus-Witten in 1971 and used in various artistic fields for work which is influenced by, or attempts to develop and go beyond, the aesthetic of minimalism. The expression is used specifically in relation to music and the visual arts, but can refer to any field using minimalism as a critical reference point. 
In music, postminimalism refers to music following minimal music.
Hope, Kentucky
Hope is an unincorporated community within Montgomery County, Kentucky, United States.

A post office was established in 1890. According to one source, the town may have been given the name Hope by its first postmaster when, after unsuccessfully submitting several names to the post office, he finally submitted Hope in the 'hope' this time it would be accepted.

Montgomery County, Kentucky
Montgomery County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,114. Its county seat is Mount Sterling. With regard to the sale of alcohol, it is classified as a moist county—a county in which alcohol sales are prohibited (a dry county), but containing a "wet" city where package alcohol sales are allowed, in this case Mount Sterling. Montgomery County is part of the Mount Sterling, KY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Lexington-Fayette–Richmond–Frankfort, KY combined statistical area.
Hipólito Ruiz López
Hipólito Ruiz López (August 8, 1754 in Belorado, Burgos, Spain – 1816 in Madrid), or Hipólito Ruiz, was a Spanish botanist known for researching the floras of Peru and Chile during an expedition under Carlos III from 1777 to 1788. During the reign of Carlos III, three major botanical expeditions were sent to the New World; Ruiz and José Antonio Pavón Jiménez were the botanists for the first of these expeditions, to Peru and Chile.

Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid
Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid (Spanish for "Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid") is an 8 hectares (20 acres) botanical garden in Madrid (Spain). The public entrance is located at Plaza de Murillo, next to the Prado Museum.
Looking for You
"Looking For You" is a gospel song by Kirk Franklin from his 2005 album Hero.

The song contains a sample from "Haven't You Heard," which was written by Patrice Rushen, Charles Mims Jr, Sheree Brown, and Freddie Washington.

Patrice Rushen
Patrice Louise Rushen (born September 30, 1954) is an American jazz pianist, R&B singer, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, and music director.

At the 25th Annual Grammy Awards, her 1982 single, "Forget Me Nots", received a nomination for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance, while her instrumental song, "Number One" was nominated Best R&B Instrumental; both songs were from her seventh studio album, Straight from the Heart (1982).

Since 2008, Rushen has served as an ambassador for artistry in education at the Berklee College of Music, and the chair of the popular music program at the USC Thornton School of Music from 2014 to 2024.
Derek Stanford (writer)
Derek Stanford FRSL (11 October 1918 – 19 December 2008) was a British writer, known as a biographer, essayist and poet.

Educated at Upper Latymer School, Hammersmith, London, he was a conscientious objector during World War II, serving in the Non-Combatant Corps. He edited Resistance, a poetry magazine of just one issue, with David West in 1946.

For a period in the early 1950s he worked with Muriel Spark on several books, and was a supporter of hers (together with the eccentric poet Hugo Manning, a long-time friend), in the Poetry Society. Stanford described Spark's ousting in Inside the Forties.

Spark convinced him of the talent of Dylan Thomas, and Stanford wrote an early book on Thomas shortly after his death. He is associated with the character Hector Bartlett in Muriel Spark's A Far Cry from Kensington (1988).

Stanford died in 2008, aged 90, in Brighton. His widow is the poet Julie Whitby.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
John Mwathiwa
John Mwathiwa (born 1 March 1967 in Zomba) is a Malawian long distance runner.

He represented Malawi at the 1988, 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics as well as at the 1991, 1993 and 1995 World Championships. He never qualified for the final round.

1991 World Championships in Athletics
The 3rd World Championships in Athletics (Japanese: 1991年世界陸上競技選手権大会), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held in the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo, Japan between August 23 and September 1, 1991. 1,517 athletes from 167 countries participated in the event. Japan hosted again the championship in 2007 in Osaka and Tokyo hosted the event again in 2025 in a new venue built at the same location.

The event is best-remembered for the men's long jump competition, when Carl Lewis made the best six-jump series in history, only to be beaten by Mike Powell, whose 8.95 m (29 ft 4.36 in) jump broke Bob Beamon's long-standing world record from the 1968 Summer Olympics.

East and West Germany reunified into a single nation in 1990. As a result, this was the first global athletics championship since the 1964 Summer Olympics in which all German athletes competed as a single team.
Aleksandr Medved
Aleksandr Vasilyevich Medved (Russian: Александр Васильевич Медведь; Belarusian: Аляксандр Васілевіч Мядзведзь; 16 September 1937 – 2 September 2024) was a Ukrainian-born Soviet Belarusian freestyle wrestler who competed for the Soviet Union and was named "one of the greatest wrestlers in history" by FILA, the sport's governing body. Between 1962 and 1972 he won three Olympic gold medals, seven world and three European titles. He served as the Olympic flag bearer for the Soviet Union in 1972, for Belarus in 2004 and recited the Judge's Oath at the Opening Ceremony of the 1980 Olympics.

Standard-bearer
A standard-bearer, also known as a colour-bearer or flag-bearer, is a person who bears an emblem known as a standard or military colours, i.e. either a type of flag or an inflexible but mobile image, which is used (and often honoured) as a formal, visual symbol of a state, prince, military unit, etc. This can either be an occasional duty, often seen as an honour (especially on parade), or a permanent charge (also on the battlefield); the second type has even led in certain cases to this task being reflected in official rank titles such as Chorąży, Ensign, Cornet, Fähnrich and Alferes/Alférez.
Tom Rogers (cricketer, born 1994)
Thomas Stewart Rogers (born 3 March 1994) is an Australian cricketer. He is a right-arm fast bowler.

Rogers was in the Futures League for the ACT Comets from the 2013–14 season to the 2016–17 season. He was offered a contract for Tasmania for the 2017–18 season. He made his List A debut for Tasmania in the 2017–18 JLT One-Day Cup on 7 October 2017. In March 2018, Cricket Australia named Rogers in their Sheffield Shield team of the year.

He made his Twenty20 debut for Hobart Hurricanes in the 2017–18 Big Bash League season on 30 December 2017. He switched to the Sydney Sixers in 2020–21 but did not play a match for the team and moved back to Hobart for the 2021–22 season before moving to play for Melbourne Renegades in 2022–23.

Rogers played six matches for Kent County Cricket Club in the T20 Blast during 2024 and re-signed to play for the club in the group stages of the 2025 competition.

Hobart Hurricanes
Hobart Hurricanes are an Australian men's professional Twenty20 (T20) franchise cricket team based in Hobart, Tasmania. They compete in Australia's domestic Big Bash League (BBL) competition. The Hurricanes play the majority of their home matches at Bellerive Oval in Hobart, with additional home matches at the University of Tasmania Stadium in Launceston and at Traeger Park in Alice Springs, Northern Territory. The Hurricanes wear a purple cricket uniform.
François Vernadat
François B. Vernadat (born 1954) is a French and Canadian computer scientist, who has contributed to Enterprise Modelling, Enterprise Integration and Networking over the last 40 years specialising in Enterprise Architectures, business process modelling, information systems design and analysis, systems integration and interoperability and systems analysis using Petri nets.

Business process modeling
Business process modeling (BPM) is the action of modeling processes of an enterprise. BPM is used to analyze, improve, and possibly automate business processes. BPM is typically performed by business analysts in collaboration with subject matter experts. It is primarily used in business process management, software development, and systems engineering. BPM can also be automatically generated through IT systems, such as event logs and other data.

BPM has many applications in business process management. There are multiple methods of modeling and notations that are recommended, BPMN being the most common.
Agricultural policy of Fascist Italy
The Agricultural policy of fascism in Italy was a series of complex measures and laws designed and enforced during Italian Fascism, as a move towards attempted autarky, specifically by Benito Mussolini following the Battle for Grain and the 1935 invasion of Abyssinia and subsequent trade embargoes (despite continued trade with Germany).

Francesco Saverio Nitti
Francesco Saverio Nitti (Italian: [franˈtʃesko saˈvɛːrjo ˈnitti]; 19 July 1868 – 20 February 1953) was an Italian economist and statesman. A member of the Italian Radical Party, Nitti served as Prime Minister of Italy between 1919 and 1920. An opponent of the fascist regime in Italy, he opposed any kind of dictatorship throughout his career. According to the Catholic Encyclopedia in "Theories of Overpopulation", Nitti was also a staunch critic of English economist Thomas Robert Malthus and his Principle of Population; Nitti wrote Population and the Social System (1894). He was an important meridionalist and studied the origins of Southern Italian problems that arose after Italian unification.
Gary Tillery
Gary Tillery is an American writer and artist known for his biographies focusing on the spiritual lives of famous figures, and for his public sculptures. His 2009 book, The Cynical Idealist, was named the official book of the 2010 Theatre Within John Lennon Tribute in New York City, and he created the centerpiece sculpture of the Chicago Vietnam Veterans Memorial, dedicated in 2005.

Lake Forest, Illinois
Lake Forest is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States. The population was 19,367 at the 2020 census. The city is along the shore of Lake Michigan, and is part of the Chicago metropolitan area and the North Shore. Lake Forest was founded with Lake Forest College and was laid out as a town in 1857, a stop for travelers making their way south to Chicago. The Lake Forest City Hall, designed by Charles Sumner Frost, was completed in 1898. It originally housed the fire department, the Lake Forest Library, and city offices.
Barentshav-class offshore patrol vessel
The Barentshav class of offshore patrol vessels consists of three vessels powered by liquefied natural gas. Ordered for the Norwegian Coast Guard, their main tasks are EEZ patrol, fishery inspection, search and rescue as well as tug readiness along the shore of Norway which is seeing increasing traffic from tankers.

Tanker (ship)
A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk.  Major types of tanker ship include the oil tanker (or petroleum tanker), the chemical tanker, cargo ships, and a gas carrier. Tankers also carry commodities such as vegetable oils, citrus juice, molasses, and wine.

In the United States Navy and Military Sealift Command, a tanker used to refuel other ships is called an oiler (or replenishment oiler if it can also supply dry stores) but many other navies use the terms tanker and replenishment tanker.

Tankers were first developed in the late 19th century as iron and steel hulls and pumping systems were developed. As of 2005, there were just over 4,000 tankers and supertankers 10,000 LT DWT or greater operating worldwide.
Knowles Grain Elevator
The Knowles Grain Elevator, located on U.S. Route 64 in Knowles, Oklahoma, was built in 1913.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

It is a wood-framed structure covered by corrugated metal.  It was deemed significant as "the only remaining structure associated with the grain industry and the Wichita Falls and Northwestern Railroad, which was taken over by the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad (KATY) in the 1920s. It was an integral part of the agriculture, commerce, and economy of Knowles. The Knowles Elevator is the sole survivor of the three elevators built in 1913 by the Sappington Grain Company."

U.S. Route 64
U.S. Route 64 (US 64) is an east–west United States highway that runs for 2,281 miles (3,672 km) from Nags Head in eastern North Carolina to just southwest of the Four Corners in northeast Arizona. The western terminus is at U.S. Route 160 in Teec Nos Pos, Arizona. The highway's eastern terminus is at NC 12 and U.S. Route 158 at Whalebone Junction, North Carolina. Major cities served along US 64's route include Tulsa, Oklahoma; Conway, Arkansas; Memphis and Chattanooga in Tennessee; and Raleigh and Rocky Mount in North Carolina.
Maroon (rocket)
A maroon is a type of rocket which generates a loud bang and a bright flash. It is used as an alarm or warning. The British Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) used these rockets in the past to call the crew when the lifeboat needs to be launched. Another example was as a signal on a railway, to alert oncoming trains that they must stop due to unexpected accident or track work ahead. Used by British spotters in World War I located around cities, they would fire when German bombers were approaching. Maroons were also intended to be used by the British Civil Defence or Royal Observer Corps in the event of a nuclear attack - the Protect and Survive series of informational civil nuclear defence videos shows the intended usage of maroons to signal impending fallout. Maroons would be used in groups of three to sound an alarm.

Detonator (railway)
A railway detonator, (torpedo in North America) or fog signal is a coin-sized device that is used as a loud warning signal to train drivers. It is placed on the top of the rail, usually secured with two lead straps, one on each side. When the wheel of the train passes over, it explodes, emitting a loud bang. It was invented in 1841 by English inventor Edward Alfred Cowper.
Colby O
Colby O is the debut studio album by American singer Colby O'Donis. It was released on September 16, 2008, through Akon's record label Kon Live and Geffen Records. The album was produced by Akon, O'Donis, Clinton Sparks, Giorgio Tuinfort, T-Pain, The-Dream and Tricky Stewart; as well the record features guest appearances from Akon, Lil Romeo, Paul Wall and T-Pain. The album spawned three singles: "What You Got", "Don't Turn Back" and "Let You Go".

The album garnered mixed reviews from critics. Colby O debuted at numbers 41 and 14 on both the US Billboard 200 and the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts respectively.

Konvict Kulture
Konvict Kulture is a record label founded by singer Akon, Melvin Brown and Bu Thiam in 2003 under the name Konvict Muzik. Artists including T-Pain, Kat DeLuna, Mali Music, Red Café, Dolla, Ya Boy, and Costa Titch have signed to and released singles or albums by the label. Heard at the beginning of many of the label's recordings, besides Akon's own production or songwriting contribution, is the sound of the clank of a jail cell, followed by Akon uttering "Konvict". In 2022, the label was rebranded into Konvict Kulture. By 2011, Fotemah Mba was appointed  Vice President of A&R for the label.

The label operated with another label founded by Akon in 2006, KonLive Distribution, whose flagship artist was Lady Gaga. KonLive was an imprint of Interscope Records, while Konvict Muzik was an imprint of Akon's label, Universal Motown Records, prior to the launching of KonLive. In 2011, Akon signed Nigerian artists P-Square, Tuface, and Wizkid as representatives of the label in Africa.
Graminitigrina aurora
Graminitigrina aurora is a species of cicada, also known as the Emerald grass-clicker, in the true cicada family, Cicadettinae subfamily and Cicadettini tribe. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2017 by entomologists Anthony Ewart, Lindsay Popple and Kathy Hill.

Cicadidae
Cicadidae, the true cicadas, is one of two families of cicadas, with about 3,400 species in over 520 genera worldwide; it contains most living cicada species, except for the two belonging to its sister taxon, the Tettigarctidae.  The classification of this family, of often very similar insects, has undergone many revisions, continuing into the 21st century; for example, many species previously assigned to the type genus Cicada, are now placed in different tribes.