hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joshua H. Hatch
Joshua H. Hatch (November 18, 1816 – June 9, 1881) was an American politician and businessman who represented Polk County in the Iowa Senate and House of Representatives and served as mayor of Des Moines, Iowa and Rock Island, Illinois.

Iowa Senate
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa Senate is the upper house of the Iowa General Assembly. There are 50 seats in the Iowa Senate, representing 50 single-member districts across the state of Iowa with populations of approximately 63,807 per constituency, as of the 2020 United States census. Each Senate district is composed of two House districts. The Senate meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the lower house, the Iowa House of Representatives, senators serve four-year terms, with no term limits. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.
Furcalithus
Furcalithus is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the early part of the Arenig stage of the Ordovician Period, a faunal stage which lasted from approximately 478 to 471 million years ago.

Stage (stratigraphy)
In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.  A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convention have the same name, and the same boundaries.

Rock series are divided into stages, just as geological epochs are divided into ages. Stages are divided into smaller stratigraphic units called chronozones or substages, and added together into superstages.

The term faunal stage is sometimes used, referring to the fact that the same fauna (animals) are found throughout the layer (by definition).
Portnipa Peak
Portnipa Peak (72°14′S 2°24′E﻿ / ﻿72.233°S 2.400°E﻿ / -72.233; 2.400) is a peak, 2,665 m, surmounting Von Essen Mountain and Porten Pass in the Gjelsvik Mountains, Queen Maud Land. Photographed from the air by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39). Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Portnipa (the gateway peak).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Portnipa Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

New Swabia
New Swabia (Norwegian and German: Neuschwabenland) was an area of Antarctica explored, with the intention to claim it, by Nazi Germany between 1938 and 1939, within the Norwegian territorial claim of Queen Maud Land. The region was named after the expedition's ship, Schwabenland, itself named after the German region of Swabia. Although the name "New Swabia" is occasionally mentioned in historical contexts, it is not an officially recognized cartographic name in modern use. The area is now part of Queen Maud Land, governed under the Antarctic Treaty System.
2013 Los Angeles elections
The 2013 Los Angeles election was held on March 5, 2013 in the city of Los Angeles, California. Voters elected candidates in a nonpartisan primary, with runoff elections scheduled for May 21, 2013. The executive offices of Mayor, City Attorney, and City Controller, as well as eight seats of the City Council, were up for election.

Municipal elections in California are officially nonpartisan; candidates' party affiliations do not appear on the ballot.

Los Angeles City Controller
The Los Angeles City Controller is an official in the government of the city of Los Angeles, California. The city controller is the paymaster and chief accounting officer of the city. Along with the mayor and the city attorney, the city controller is chosen by popular vote every four years.

The position began in 1878 as the Los Angeles City Auditor. In the early days, the job included secretarial duties for the Los Angeles Common Council. Upon the re-election of John S. Myers in 1925, when the city approved a new charter, the name of the position was changed to City Controller. In 2000, another update to the city charter added the power and responsibility of conducting "performance audits" of departmental effectiveness.
Wess–Zumino model
In theoretical physics, the Wess–Zumino model has become the first known example of an interacting four-dimensional quantum field theory with linearly realised supersymmetry. In 1974, Julius Wess and Bruno Zumino studied, using modern terminology, dynamics of a single chiral superfield (composed of a complex scalar and a spinor fermion) whose cubic superpotential leads to a renormalizable theory. It is a special case of 4D N = 1 global supersymmetry.

The treatment in this article largely follows that of Figueroa-O'Farrill's lectures on supersymmetry, and to some extent of Tong.

The model is an important model in supersymmetric quantum field theory. It is arguably the simplest supersymmetric field theory in four dimensions, and is ungauged.

Superspace
Superspace is the coordinate space of a theory exhibiting supersymmetry. In such a formulation, along with ordinary space dimensions x, y, z, ..., there are also "anticommuting" dimensions whose coordinates are labeled in Grassmann numbers rather than real numbers. The ordinary space dimensions correspond to bosonic degrees of freedom, the anticommuting dimensions to fermionic degrees of freedom.

The word "superspace" was first used by John Wheeler in an unrelated sense to describe the configuration space of general relativity; for example, this usage may be seen in his 1973 textbook Gravitation.
Davy Russell (politician)
David Russell (born 1962) is a Scottish Labour politician and former engineer who has served as the member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Hamilton, Larkhall and Stonehouse since 2025. He previously served as the deputy lieutenant of Lanarkshire from 2018 to 2025.

Born in the former mining village of Quarter, South Lanarkshire, Russell had a working class upbringing and attended Hamilton Grammar School and Motherwell Technical College, where he qualified in civil engineering. He spent over 40 years as a roads engineer at Glasgow City Council and from 2018 to 2025 served as Deputy Lieutenant of Lanarkshire under Susan Haughey. After the death of Christina McKelvie, he stood for Scottish Labour in the 2025 Hamilton, Larkhall and Stonehouse by-election, winning the seat from the Scottish National Party.

Member of the Scottish Parliament
Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP; Scottish Gaelic: Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba, BPA; Scots: Memmer o the Scots Pairliament, MSP) is the title given to any one of the 129 individuals elected to serve in the Scottish Parliament.
Apportionment paradox
An apportionment paradox is a situation where an apportionment—a rule for dividing discrete objects according to some proportional relationship—produces results that violate notions of common sense or fairness.

Certain quantities, like milk, can be divided in any proportion whatsoever; others, such as horses, cannot—only whole numbers will do. In the latter case, there is an inherent tension between the desire to obey the rule of proportion as closely as possible and the constraint restricting the size of each portion to discrete values.

Several paradoxes related to apportionment and fair division have been identified. In some cases, simple adjustments to an apportionment methodology can resolve observed paradoxes. However, as shown by the Balinski–Young theorem, it is not always possible to provide a perfectly fair resolution that satisfies all competing fairness criteria.: 227–235

Justice
In its broadest sense, justice is the treatment of individuals fairly. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, the most plausible candidate for a core definition comes from the Institutes of Justinian, a 6th-century codification of Roman law, where justice is defined as "the constant and perpetual will to render to each his due".

A society where justice has been achieved would be one in which individuals receive what they "deserve". The interpretation of what "deserve" means draws on a variety of fields and philosophical branches including ethics, rationality, law, religion, and fairness. The state may pursue justice by operating courts and enforcing their rulings.
Capable group
In mathematics, in the realm of group theory, a group is said to be capable if it is isomorphic to the quotient G / Z(G) of some group G by its center.

These groups were first studied by Reinhold Baer, who showed that a finite abelian group is capable if and only if it is a product of cyclic groups of orders n1, ..., nk where ni divides ni +1 and nk −1 = nk.

An equivalent condition for a group to be capable is if it occurs as the inner automorphism group of some group. To see this, note that the canonical surjective map  has kernel Z(G); by the first isomorphism theorem, G / Z(G) is equivalent to .

Center (group theory)
In abstract algebra, the center of a group G is the set of elements that commute with every element of G. It is denoted Z(G), from German Zentrum, meaning center. In set-builder notation,

Z(G) = {z ∈ G | ∀g ∈ G, zg = gz}.

The center is a normal subgroup, , and also a characteristic subgroup, but is not necessarily fully characteristic. The quotient group, G / Z(G), is isomorphic to the inner automorphism group, Inn(G).

A group G is abelian if and only if Z(G) = G. At the other extreme, a group is said to be centerless if Z(G) is trivial; i.e., consists only of the identity element.

The elements of the center are central elements.
Street Fighter: The Movie (console video game)
Street Fighter: The Movie  is a 1995 fighting game developed and published by Capcom for the PlayStation and Sega Saturn, with the game serving as a North American launch title for the PlayStation. The game is based on the 1994 film Street Fighter, itself based on the fighting game series of the same name, and uses digitized images of the film's cast as the characters. While it shares its title with the arcade game Street Fighter: The Movie, the home version is not a port but a similar game developed on the same premise. The game was a commercial success but a critical failure, receiving negative reviews from critics.

Digital image
A digital image is an image composed of picture elements, also known as pixels, each with finite, discrete quantities of numeric representation for its intensity or gray level that is an output from its two-dimensional functions fed as input by its spatial coordinates denoted with x, y on the x-axis and y-axis, respectively. An image can be vector or raster type. By itself, the term "digital image" usually refers to raster images or bitmapped images (as opposed to vector images).
Anna Cassel
Anna Maria Augusta Cassel (15 March 1860 close to Grythyttan – 18 February 1937 in Stockholm) was a Swedish artist. She mainly painted landscapes from Norrland, Skåne, Västmanland and around Stockholm, made in oil or in tempera.

Grythyttan
Grythyttan is a locality situated in Hällefors Municipality, Örebro County, Sweden with 891 inhabitants in 2010. It is located between two lakes, Torrvarpen and Sör-Älgen. It is chiefly known in Sweden for the Grythyttan Gästgivargård (restaurant), made famous by its proprietor Carl Jan Granqvist in the late 1970s, and patronised by the pop group ABBA in the 1980s. Other local institutions include the chef and restaurant management school Grythyttan School of Hospitality, Culinary Arts & Meal Science, part of Örebro University, the Cookbook museum, Grythyttan Stålmöbler (garden furniture) and Neerings ice cream and chocolate factory and kiosk.
In the center you can also find the Cornelis Vreeswijk museum and pub. The Grythyttans kyrka, build in 1630 is a good preserved property and often used for special occasions.
O Rei do Cu
O Rei do Cu (Portuguese for "The King of the Ass") is the thirteenth studio album by the Brazilian musician Rogério Skylab, and the first installment of a trilogy, the "Trilogia do Cu" ("Trilogy of the Ass"). It was self-released on May 17, 2018, and sees Skylab returning to the experimental and eclectic sonority he had previously developed in his 1999–2011 Skylab series of 10 albums and abandoned in his then-most recent "Trilogia dos Carnavais" (2012–2015). It can be downloaded for free in the musician's official website, and is also available for streaming.

Eclecticism in music
In music theory and music criticism, the term eclecticism refers to the use of diverse music genres. A musician might be described as eclectic if different parts of their output can be ascribed to different genres such as folk, rock, electronic, classical, or jazz.

Eclectic musicians may also use historical references in their work. A song can reference historical forms and methods through its composition, arrangement, or production.
Artocarpus blancoi
Artocarpus blancoi is a species of large tree in the family Moraceae endemic to the Philippines. Its habitat (among seasonal forest or thicket growth in low-lying areas) is threatened.

It is locally known as tipolo, tipulo, or atipolo in Tagalog and the Visayan languages (Philippine Spanish: antipolo). Paper production and being a shade provider are its primary uses, although its seeds and fruits are edible and used in the same way as its close relatives, the breadfruit and the seeded breadfruit. The City of Antipolo got its name from the said tree.

Philippine Spanish
Philippine Spanish (Spanish: español filipino or castellano filipino) is the variety of standard Spanish spoken in the Philippines, used primarily by Spanish Filipinos.

Spanish as spoken in the Philippines contains a number of features that distinguish it from other varieties of Spanish, combining features from both Peninsular and Latin American varieties of the language. Philippine Spanish also employs vocabulary unique to the dialect, reflecting influence from the native languages of the Philippines as well as broader sociolinguistic trends in Spanish, and is considered to be more linguistically conservative and uniform than Spanish spoken elsewhere.

Officially regulated by the Philippine Academy of the Spanish Language (AFLE, Academia Filipina de la Lengua Española), up to a million people in the Philippines are claimed to be either proficient in or have knowledge of Spanish, with around 4,000 people claiming Spanish as their native language, although estimates vary widely.
Sergio Galoyan
Sergey Galoyan (Russian: Сергей Галоян, born 25 December 1981) is an ASCAP/PRS Award–winning songwriter/producer and DJ, born in Moscow. He is more commonly known as Sergio Galoyan and is of Armenian descent.

One of the creators of the band t.A.T.u., he wrote and produced their first four singles All the Things She Said, Not Gonna Get Us, 30 Minutes, and Show Me Love. He also wrote and produced many other tracks for their first, second and third albums.

Keith Flint
Keith Charles Flint (17 September 1969 – 4 March 2019) was an English singer, motorcyclist, dancer, and a vocalist of the electronic dance act the Prodigy. Starting out as a dancer for the group, he became the vocalist and performed on the group's two UK number-one singles, "Firestarter" and "Breathe", both released in 1996. He was also the singer of his own band, Flint.

Flint owned a motorcycle racing team, Team Traction Control, which won four Isle of Man TT races in 2015 and 2016, and competed in the British Superbike Championship.
Monmouth Oaks
The Monmouth Oaks is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually at Monmouth Park Racetrack in Oceanport, New Jersey for three-year-old fillies. Named for England's Epsom Oaks, first run in 1779, the inaugural American edition took place in 1871. Originally raced over a distance of 1+1⁄2 miles from 1871 through 1877, there was no race in 1878 but on its return the following year was modified to 1+1⁄4 miles.

In 1891, the New Jersey Legislature began a move to ban parimutuel betting and the Oaks had to be moved to the Jerome Park Racetrack in The Bronx, New York. With a legislated permanent ban, after the 1893 running the Monmouth Park Racetrack was shut down and the property sold. In 1946, Thoroughbred racing returned to a new Monmouth Park racing facility. The revived Monmouth Oaks was set at 1 1/16 miles.

New Jersey Legislature
The New Jersey Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state of New Jersey. In its current form, as defined by the New Jersey Constitution of 1947, the Legislature consists of two houses: the General Assembly and the Senate. The Legislature meets in the New Jersey State House, in the state capital of Trenton.
Rodolfo Alicante
Rodolfo "Dolfo" Alicante Guanzon is a retired Filipino professional footballer and manager. He was coach at Far Eastern University in 2008 and 2009.
He coached at the PAREF Southridge School (ages 5–15) during the 1995-2009 school year.
He is the former coach of Green Archers United.

PAREF Schools
Parents for Education Foundation, Inc. (PAREF) is an educational foundation established by parents that administers schools for basic education in the Philippines, collectively known as PAREF Schools. It owns several single-sex Catholic schools that are closely affiliated with Opus Dei.
Prebbleton
Prebbleton is a small town in the Selwyn District in the Canterbury Region of New Zealand. It is 11 km southwest of the centre of Christchurch and about 2 km south of the outlying industrial suburb of Hornby.

Prebbleton dates back to 1855, making it one of the earliest settlements on the Canterbury Plains. The Prebble brothers, originally from Kent, England, settled in the district.

The village has experienced considerable growth with several subdivisions built in the last two decades.

Canterbury Plains
The Canterbury Plains (Māori: Kā Pākihi-whakatekateka-a-Waitaha) are an area in New Zealand centred in the Mid Canterbury, to the south of the city of Christchurch in the Canterbury region. Their northern extremes are at the foot of the Hundalee Hills in the Hurunui District, and in the south they merge into the plains of North Otago beyond the Waitaki River. The smaller Amuri Plain forms a northern extension of the plains.
Ciarka
Ciarka ([ˈt͡ɕarka], German: Schiorke) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lasowice Wielkie, within Kluczbork County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

The Expressway S11 bypasses the village in the north-east.

Gmina Lasowice Wielkie
Gmina Lasowice Wielkie (German: Gemeinde Gross Lassowitz) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kluczbork County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Lasowice Wielkie, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Kluczbork and 31 km (19 mi) north-east of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 210.84 square kilometres (81.4 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 6,864. Since 2006 the commune, like much of the area, has been bilingual in Polish and German.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Stobrawa Landscape Park.
Mike Cooper (musician)
Michael Cooper (born 24 August 1942) is an English guitarist and singer-songwriter.  Initially coming to attention as a country blues performer, his later work also straddles jazz, Polynesian, ambient, and various experimental and improvisational styles.

Michael Gibbs (composer)
Michael Clement Irving Gibbs (born 25 September 1937) is a Rhodesian-born English jazz composer, conductor, arranger and producer as well as a trombonist and keyboardist.

He is known for collaborations with vibraphonist Gary Burton, his student, and for his use of rock elements in orchestral jazz.
2023 Lanka Premier League final
The 2023 Lanka Premier League Final was played on 20 August 2023 at the R. Premadasa Stadium in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Dambulla Aura qualified for the finals after their win in Qualifier 1. They competed with B-Love Kandy, who qualified for the finals after their win in Qualifier 2.

After winning the toss, Dambulla Aura elected to bat and only managed to score 147/4 runs in 20 overs. The B-Love Kandy chased the target in 19.5 overs and won the match by five wickets, thus winning their first LPL title. B-Love Kandy player Angelo Mathews was named as the player of the match. Wanindu Hasaranga (B-Love Kandy) was named as the player of the season for scoring 279 runs and taking 19 wickets throughout the tournament.

R. Premadasa Stadium
The R. Premadasa Cricket Stadium (RPS) (Sinhala: ආර්. ප්‍රේමදාස ක්‍රීඩාංගනය, Tamil: ஆர். பிரேமதாச அரங்கம்; formerly known as Khettarama Stadium) is a cricket stadium on Khettarama Road, in the Maligawatta suburb of Colombo, Sri Lanka. The stadium was, before June 1994, known as the Khettarama Cricket Stadium and is today one of the main venues where the Sri Lankan cricket team play, having hosted more than 150 one-day international matches. It is the largest stadium in Sri Lanka with a capacity of 35,000 spectators. It has hosted the 2012 ICC World Twenty20 final between Sri Lanka and West Indies; the 2002 ICC Champions Trophy final between Sri Lanka and India and first semi-final of the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup between Sri Lanka and New Zealand. This was where the highest Test score in history was recorded; 952 by Sri Lanka against India. With capacity exceeding Lord's in England, the stadium is known as the "Home of Sri Lankan Cricket".
Gerry Pattison
Geraldine Marilyn Pattison (January 6, 1924 – 2016), known professionally as Gerry Pattison, was an American film and television actress, best remembered as the female lead—and single non-male character—in the 1949 Johnny Mack Brown western, Law of the West. She also appeared opposite Lou Costello, as one of five title characters in the 1954 Abbott and Costello Show episode, "Wife Wanted".

City Across the River
City Across the River is a 1949 American film noir crime film directed by Maxwell Shane and starring Stephen McNally, with Sue England and Barbara Whiting in principal support. The screenplay is based on the novel The Amboy Dukes by Irving Shulman.

The film is the credited screen debut of Tony Curtis (billed onscreen as "Anthony Curtis").
Gai-Luron
Gai-Luron is a French comics series about a melancholic basset hound, Gai-Luron, created on 12 July 1964 by Gotlib. Originally published in the Franco-Belgian comics magazines Vaillant and Pif Gadget, the character joined Nanar, Jujube et Piette, which Gotlib had drawn since 1962, but eventually headlined a hit series of its own. The album collection series started in 1975, and the second album, Gai-Luron en écrase méchamment was awarded the prize for French comical work at the Angoulême in 1976.

Basset Hound
The Basset Hound is a short-legged breed of scent hound. The Basset Hound was developed in Great Britain from several now-extinct strains of French basset breeds. It was bred primarily for hunting rabbit and hare on foot, moving slowly enough that horses were not required. Their sense of smell and ability to ground-scent is second only to the Bloodhound.

Basset Hounds are one of six recognized "basset"-type breeds in France. The name Basset is derived from the French word bas, meaning 'low', with the attenuating suffix -et—together meaning 'rather low'. Basset Hounds are usually bicolours or tricolours of standard hound coloration.