hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 Conference USA football season
The 2012 Conference USA football season was an NCAA football season that was from August 2012 through January 2013.  Conference USA consists of 12 football members separated into 2 divisions: East Carolina, Marshall, Memphis, Southern Miss, UAB, UCF make up the eastern division, while Houston, Rice, SMU, Tulane, Tulsa, and UTEP comprise the western division.

The 2012 football season marked the 18th season of the conference's existence and 17th of football competition; although C-USA was established in 1995, it did not begin football competition until 1996. In addition, the season was the last to feature participation from Houston, Memphis, SMU and UCF, as the four schools intend left the conference for the American Athletic Conference on July 1, 2013.

UCF was initially under a postseason ban for this season due to recruiting violations; that ban was later moved to the 2013 season before being dropped entirely.

2012 UAB Blazers football team
The 2012 UAB Blazers football team represented the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) as a member of the East Division in Conference USA (C-USA) during the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by first-year head coach Garrick McGee, the Blazers compiled an overall record of 3–9 with a mark of 2–6 in conference play, placing fifth in C-USA's East Division. The team played home games at Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama.
Olof Celsius the Younger
Olof Celsius the Younger (15 December 1716 – 15 February 1794) was a Swedish civil servant, church official, politician and historian. He was professor of history at Uppsala University from 1747, bishop of the Diocese of Lund from 1777, and member of the Swedish Academy from 1786. He was the son of Olof Celsius and cousin of Anders Celsius.

Diocese of Lund
The Diocese of Lund (Swedish: Lunds stift) is a diocese within the Church of Sweden which corresponds to the provinces of Blekinge and Skåne. There are 217 parishes within the diocese, the most significant number in any of the dioceses of the Church of Sweden. The present bishop of Lund, Johan Tyrberg, succeeded Antje Jackelén in 2014.

The diocese was originally established in 1060 as a Roman Catholic diocese within the Kingdom of Denmark. Beginning in 1104, it had jurisdiction over ecclesiastical affairs in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden as the Archdiocese of Lund. Following the Danish Reformation, it became a diocese in the Lutheran Church of Denmark. Since the signing of the treaty of Roskilde in 1658 it has been the southernmost diocese in the Lutheran Church of Sweden.
Orazio de Ferrari
Orazio de Ferrari (1606–1657) was an Italian artist, active in the Baroque period, born in Voltri, a suburb of Genoa. de Ferrari was a pupil of Giovanni Andrea Ansaldo.  He was a member of the family of Genoese artists, with surnames de Ferrari, which also included Giovanni Andrea de Ferrari and Gregorio De Ferrari.  During the 17th century, he painted murals in the chapel and many of the state rooms of the Royal Palace in Monaco.

Voltri
Voltri is a quartiere of the Italian city of Genoa, located 17 kilometres (10.6 mi) west of the city centre.
It was formerly an independent comune.

In 2015, Voltri and the nearby hamlets included in Genoa's VII Municipio (Crevari, Acquasanta, Vesima, Fabbriche) had a total population of 12,402. Voltri is one of the 3 former municipalities (the other ones are Pra' and Pegli) being part of the Genoa's city VII Municipio.
Dierdré A. Snijman
Dierdré "Dee" Anne Snijman is a South African botanist and plant taxonomist who is notable for studying and writing extensively on bulbs.  She has described over 120 species and has written comprehensive works on South African flora.  She received the 1997 Herbert Medal from the International Bulb Society for her research on Amaryllis.

Plant taxonomy
Plant taxonomy is the science that finds, identifies, describes, classifies, and names plants. It is one of the main branches of taxonomy—the science that finds, describes, classifies, and names living organisms.

Plant taxonomy is closely allied to plant systematics, and there is no sharp boundary between the two. In practice, "plant systematics" involves relationships between plants and their evolution, especially at the higher levels, whereas "plant taxonomy" deals with the actual handling of plant specimens. The precise relationship between taxonomy and systematics, however, has changed along with the goals and methods employed.

Plant taxonomy is well known for being turbulent, and traditionally not having any close agreement on circumscription and placement of taxa. See the list of systems of plant taxonomy.
Basket Case (song)
"Basket Case" is a song by the American rock band Green Day, released on August 1, 1994, by Reprise Records as the second single from the band's third studio album, Dookie (1994). The song spent five weeks at the top of the US Billboard Alternative Songs chart and garnered a Grammy Award nomination in the category for Best Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group. Its music video was directed by Mark Kohr and filmed in an abandoned mental institution in California. In 2001, the song appeared on their greatest hits album International Superhits!. In 2021, "Basket Case" was ranked number 150 in Rolling Stone's updated list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time".

Rob Cavallo
Robert Siers Cavallo (born March 21, 1963) is an American record producer, musician, and record executive. He is among the biggest-selling producers in alternative music, having contributed to albums that have sold over 130 million units worldwide. He is also a three-time Grammy Award recipient.

Primarily known for his production work with Green Day, he has also worked with Linkin Park, My Chemical Romance, Eric Clapton, Beth Hart, the Goo Goo Dolls, the Dave Matthews Band, Kid Rock, Jawbreaker, Alanis Morissette, Black Sabbath, Phil Collins, Paramore, Sixpence None the Richer, Lil Peep, ONE OK ROCK, Shinedown, Beauty School Dropout and Meat Loaf.

Cavallo plays multiple instruments and has professional credits for his bass, keyboard, organ, piano, guitar and percussion work.
Lü Shao
Lü Shao (Chinese: 呂紹; died c.February 400), courtesy name Yongye (永業), also known by his posthumous name as the Prince Yin of Later Liang (後涼隱王), was briefly the second ruler of the Di-led Later Liang dynasty of China, ruling as its Heavenly King. He was a son of the founding emperor Lü Guang (Emperor Yiwu), but not his oldest son. Rather, he was considered Lü Guang's rightful heir because he was born of Lü Guang's wife. (His mother is therefore likely Princess Shi, although he could also be born of an even earlier wife.) His birth year is unknown, but he referred to himself as not yet 19 when he took the throne briefly in 400.

Chinese sovereign
The Chinese sovereign was the ruler of a particular monarchical regime in the historical periods of ancient China and imperial China. Sovereigns ruling the same regime, and descended from the same paternal line, constituted a dynasty. Several titles and naming schemes have been used throughout Chinese history.
CSM Alexandria (women's basketball)
Clubul Sportiv Municipal Alexandria, commonly known as CSM Alexandria or simply as Alexandria, is a professional women's basketball team from Alexandria, Romania. The team plays in the Liga Națională.

The team was in the final of the Romanian Cup in 2009.

In the summer of 2018 CSBT Alexandria was moved to the sports club of Alexandria, CSM Alexandria, club which was founded in the same summer.

Liga Națională (women's basketball)
The Liga Națională, formerly known as Divizia A, is the women's top-tier professional basketball league of Romania. Established in 1950, it is currently contested by eight teams. Universitatea Cluj-Napoca is the Liga Națională's most successful club with fourteen titles including a ten-years winning streak between 1984 and 1994, while CSM Târgoviște and ICIM Arad have dominated the championship in subsequent years with ten and eight titles respectively.

In 2013 the Romanian champion took part in the FIBA Euroleague for the first time since the competition's refoundation in 1997.
Egyptian Healy
John J. Healy (October 27, 1866 – March 16, 1899), nicknamed "Egyptian" and "Long John", was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball. Healy played for the St. Louis Maroons, Indianapolis Hoosiers, Washington Nationals, Chicago White Stockings, Toledo Maumees, Baltimore Orioles, and Louisville Colonels from 1885 to 1892. He was 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall and weighed 158 pounds (72 kg).

Washington Nationals (1886–1889)
The Washington Nationals, sometimes referred to as the Washington Statesmen or Senators, were a professional baseball team in the mid to late 1880s. They existed for a period of four years as a member of the National League (NL) from 1886 to 1889. During their four-year tenure they had six different managers and compiled a record of 163–337, for a .326 winning percentage. The franchise played their home games at Swampoodle Grounds, otherwise known as Capitol Park (II).

Their most notable player was catcher Connie Mack, who went on to a Hall of Fame career as manager of the American League Philadelphia Athletics from 1901 to 1950. Outfielder Dummy Hoy, notable for being deaf, played for the 1888 and 1889 Washington teams. Jim Donnelly also spent time with the Nationals.
Khushka Rice
Khushka, kuska, or Khusqa is a rice dish of primarily South Asian origin made with spices, rice (usually basmati) and ghee. It's a lunch dish, primarily served with Kurma or Korma and is very popular in Southern India.

Basmati
Basmati (pronounced ['bɑːsmət̪iː]) is a variety of long, slender-grained aromatic rice which originates from the Indian subcontinent, mainly in the regions of Punjab, Haryana, Sindh and many other states and provinces of India and Pakistan. As of 2019,  India accounted for 65% of the international trade in basmati rice, while Pakistan accounted for the remaining 35%. Many countries use domestically grown basmati rice crops; however, basmati is geographically exclusive to certain districts of India and Pakistan.

According to the Indian Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), a rice variety is eligible to be called basmati if it has a minimum average precooked milled rice length of 6.61 mm (0.260 in) and average precooked milled rice breadth of up to 2 mm (0.079 in), among other parameters.
Bystrá (Pelhřimov District)
Bystrá is a municipality and village in Pelhřimov District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Bystrá lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Pelhřimov, 20 km (12 mi) north-west of Jihlava, and 94 km (58 mi) south-east of Prague.

Vysočina Region
The Vysočina Region (IPA: [ˈvɪsotʃɪna]; Czech: Kraj Vysočina) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Jihlava.

The region is located in the central part of the country. It is one of just three in the country (the others being Prague and the Central Bohemian Region) which does not have a border with a foreign country.

The Vysočina Region is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the most in any region in the Czech Republic.
Quadrant:MK
The Quadrant:MK is Network Rail's national operations centre in Milton Keynes. After being topped out in April 2011, it opened in June 2012. The complex consists of four linked buildings with 37,000 square metres (400,000 sq ft) of space, and is designed to accommodate 3,000 staff.

The complex was designed by GMW Architects and built by Royal BAM Group. The centre is on the site of the former England National Hockey Stadium, adjacent to Milton Keynes Central railway station and the A509/A5 intersection.

A5 road (Great Britain)
The A5 is a major road in England and Wales. It runs for about 243 miles (391 km) from London to the Irish Sea at the ferry port of Holyhead. In many parts the route follows that of the Roman Iter II route which later took the Anglo-Saxon name Watling Street. It forms most of the London–Holyhead trunk road.
Sheerness Lifeboat Station
Sheerness Lifeboat Station is strategically located at Garrison Point in Sheerness Dockyard, in Sheerness, a town on the Isle of Sheppey, sitting at the mouth of the River Medway, and overlooking the Thames estuary, on the north coast of the county of Kent.

A lifeboat station was first established at Sheerness in 1969, by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI).

The station currently operates 13-38 Judith Copping Joyce (ON 1345), a Shannon-class All-weather lifeboat, on station since 2021, and a small D-class (IB1) Inshore lifeboat, Buster (D-799), on station since 2016.

Garrison Point Fort
Garrison Point Fort is a former artillery fort situated at the end of the Garrison Point peninsula at Sheerness on the Isle of Sheppey in Kent. Built in the 1860s in response to concerns about a possible French invasion, it was the last in a series of artillery batteries that had existed on the site since the mid-16th century. The fort's position enabled it to guard the strategic point where the River Medway meets the Thames. It is a rare example of a two-tiered casemated fort – one of only two of that era in the country – with a design that is otherwise similar to that of several of the other forts along the lower Thames. It remained operational until 1956 and is now used by the Sheerness Docks as a port installation.
Luv Randhawa
Luv Randhawa (born 1973) is a Canadian-British singer based in Vancouver, British Columbia. Luv is known for his debut mainstream album entitled Believe In Me which Hit #2 on iTunes R&B/ soul charts. He also known for his solo album This Side of Luv, which was released in 2011. According to CKYE-FM, Luv is the pioneer of the Bhangra Fusion Movement in the western hemisphere.

CKYE-FM
CKYE-FM (93.1 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station in Vancouver, British Columbia. It airs a multicultural format and is owned by the South Asian Broadcasting Corporation. CKYE-FM has an effective radiated power of up to 8,000 watts from a transmitter on Mount Seymour. Its studios are located in Surrey. CKYE-FM uses the moniker Red FM with Red standing for "Reflecting Ethnic Diversity".
Moller Villa
The Moller Villa (Male zhuzhai, 马勒住宅), located at .30 South Shanxi Road in the French Concession area of Shanghai, China, is a colonial-era mansion. The villa was built by Eric Moller, a Swedish shipping magnate, in 1936. The distinctive design includes brown-tiled Gothic and Tudor gables, spires, and steeples.

In 2001, the Hengshan Group began to renovate to the villa, preserving its original architectural style. The building now houses a hotel.

Shanghai French Concession
The Shanghai French Concession was a foreign concession in Shanghai, China from 1849 until 1943. For much of the 20th century, the area covered by the former French Concession remained the premier residential and retail district of Shanghai. It was also one of the centers of Catholicism in China. Despite re-development over the last few decades, the area retains a distinct character and is a popular tourist destination.
Bad Dreams (The Wire)
"Bad Dreams" is the 11th episode of the second season of the American police drama television series The Wire. It originally aired on HBO in the U.S. on August 17, 2003. The episode was written by George Pelecanos from a story by David Simon and George Pelecanos and was directed by Ernest Dickerson. The story focuses on the aftermath of the arrests of Frank Sobotka and associates for a drug trafficking scheme and the resulting conflict within Sobotka's family.

On its debut, "Bad Dreams" had nearly 3.7 million viewers. It was praised in reviews by The Guardian and The Star-Ledger.

The Wire season 2
The second season of the television series The Wire consisted of 12 episodes and first aired in the United States on HBO from June 1 to August 24, 2003. It introduces the stevedores of the Port of Baltimore and an international organized crime operation led by a figure known only as "The Greek" and continues the story with the drug-dealing Barksdale crew and the Baltimore Police Department who featured in season one. While continuing the series' central themes of dysfunctional institutions and the societal effects of the drug trade, the second season also explores the decline of the American working class, and the hardship its members endure during the transition from an industrial to post-industrial society.

It was released as a five-disc DVD boxed set in January 2005.
ACES Meet
ACES Meet is an international air exercise hosted and organised by the Pakistan Air Force, which aims to improve the combat preparedness of air forces by providing them with realistic training in air combat and counterterrorism operations. Participants in the exercise include contingents from several air forces throughout the world, including combat pilots and ground support troops with their fighter aircraft.

Fighter pilot
A fighter pilot or combat pilot is a military aviator trained to engage in air-to-air combat, air-to-ground combat and sometimes electronic warfare while in the cockpit of a fighter aircraft. Fighter pilots undergo specialized training in aerial warfare and dogfighting (close range aerial combat). A fighter pilot with at least five air-to-air kills becomes known as an ace.
The Worst Jobs in History
The Worst Jobs in History is a British television series hosted by Tony Robinson on Channel 4. The second series was shown in March 2006 on History Television in Canada, then in April 2006 on Channel 4 in the UK. The first season is also shown with some regularity on History International.  Tony Robinson tries his hand at each of the jobs, ultimately nominating which one he thought was the worst in each programme.

History (Canadian TV channel)
The History Channel (also known as History) is a Canadian English-language discretionary specialty channel that primarily broadcasts programming related to history and historical fiction. It is owned by History Television, Inc., a subsidiary of Corus Entertainment.

History was launched on October 17, 1997, as History Television under the ownership of Alliance Atlantis. Through various ownership changes, the channel adopted its current name in 2012, with the History Channel branding used under a licensing agreement with A+E Networks. The History Channel operates two time-shifted feeds: East (Eastern Time) and West (Pacific Time). The West Coast feed was launched on September 1, 2006.
Mynář
Mynář (feminine: Mynářová) is a Czech surname. It is a dialectical form of the word mlynář, i.e. 'miller'. Notable people with the surname include:

Radek Mynář (born 1974), Czech footballer

Vratislav Mynář (born 1967), Czech businessman, civil servant and politician

Vojtěch Mynář (1944–2018), Czech politician

Vojtěch Mynář
Vojtěch Mynář (4 May 1944 – 11 July 2018) was a Czech politician, who from 2012 until 2014, was a Member of the European Parliament, representing the Czech Republic. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party.
Denise Hines
Denise A. Hines is an American psychologist doing research on domestic violence and sexual abuse with focuses on prevention, intervention, and public policy. She is an associate professor in the Department of Psychology at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts.

Sexual abuse
Sexual abuse or sex abuse is abusive sexual behavior by one person upon another. It is often perpetrated using physical force, or by taking advantage of another. It often consists of a persistent pattern of sexual assaults. The offender is referred to as a sexual abuser. Live streaming sexual abuse involves trafficking and coerced sexual acts, or rape, in real time on webcam.

Molestation refers to an instance of sexual assault, especially when perpetrated against a child. The perpetrator is called (often pejoratively) a molester. The term also covers behavior by an adult or older adolescent towards a child to sexually stimulate any of the involved. The use of a child for sexual stimulation is referred to as child sexual abuse and, for pubescent or post-pubescent individuals younger than the age of consent, statutory rape.

Sexual abuse can be perpetrated against other vulnerable populations like the elderly, a form of elder abuse, or those with developmental disabilities.
Asterogyne
Asterogyne is a genus of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae native to Central America and northern South America, with three of the five known species endemic to Venezuela.

It contains the following species:

Asterogyne guianensis Granv. & A.J.Hend. - French Guiana

Asterogyne martiana (H.Wendl.) H.Wendl. ex Drude - Colombia, Ecuador, Central America from Belize to Panama

Asterogyne ramosa (H.E.Moore) Wess.Boer - Paria Peninsula in Venezuela

Asterogyne spicata (H.E.Moore) Wess.Boer - Miranda State in Venezuela

Asterogyne yaracuyense A.J.Hend. & Steyerm. - Cerro La Chapa in Lara State in Venezuela

Lara (state)
Lara State (Spanish: Estado Lara, IPA: [esˈtaðo ˈlaɾa]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. Lara is located in the Central-Western Region, Venezuela. The state capital is Barquisimeto.

Lara State covers a total surface area of 19,800 km2 (7,600 sq mi) and, in 2015, had a census population of  2,019,211.
Cactus and a Rose
Cactus and a Rose is an album by the American musician Gary Stewart, released in 1980. The singer's seventh studio album, it only reached No. 49 on Billboard's "Country Albums" chart, spawning two low-charting singles: "Cactus and a Rose" (No. 48) and "Are We Dreamin' the Same Dream" (No. 66).  Produced by Chips Moman, it features Southern rockers Gregg Allman, Dickey Betts, Mike Lawler, Bonnie Bramlett (from Delaney, Bonnie & Friends), and Randy Scruggs as well as his usual honky-tonk style.

Randy Scruggs
Randy Lynn Scruggs (August 3, 1953 – April 17, 2018) was an American music producer, songwriter and guitarist. He had his first recording at the age of 13. He won four Grammy Awards and was named Musician of the Year at the Country Music Association Awards three times. He was the middle son of Earl Scruggs and Louise Scruggs.
Night (Ralph poem)
Night, a Poem in Four Books is a 1728 blank verse poem by the British writer James Ralph. Issued in quarto by the London printer J. Roberts, it comprises about 1,100 lines of unrhymed iambic pentameter arranged in four books. The poem reflects on London after dark—urban corruption, mortality, and nocturnal imagery—and participates in the late-1720s vogue for descriptive blank verse associated with James Thomson’s The Seasons.

Night received little contemporary notice until Alexander Pope, after Ralph answered the first edition of the Dunciad with Sawney, added a couplet about Ralph and the poem in the 1729 Variorum. Contributors close to Pope, notably the Grub-Street Journal (1730–33), then used Night as a target. Modern criticism reads the poem both as an early graveyard-poetry text and as a Whig allegory of metropolitan corruption, and Ralph soon shifted from such blank-verse experiments to satire and drama.

Quarto
Quarto (abbreviated Qto, 4to or 4º) is the format of a book or pamphlet produced from full sheets printed with eight pages of text, four to a side, then folded twice to produce four leaves. The leaves are then trimmed along the folds to produce eight book pages. Each printed page presents as one-fourth size of the full sheet.

The earliest known European printed book is a quarto, the Sibyllenbuch, believed to have been printed by Johannes Gutenberg in 1452–53, before the Gutenberg Bible, surviving only as a fragment. Quarto is also used as a general description of size of books that are about 12 inches (30 cm) tall, and as such does not necessarily indicate the actual printing format of the books, which may even be unknown, as is the case for many modern books. These terms are discussed in greater detail in book sizes.