hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel J. Murray
Samuel J. Murray (March 7, 1851 – August 23, 1915) was a New York printer's apprentice, inventor, and businessman. At the time of his death at age sixty-five, Murray was vice president and treasurer of the United States Playing Card Company, and a director of the W. B. Oglesby Paper Company of Middletown, Ohio. His block of stock in the United States Playing Card Company was said to be worth $1,000,000.

Called "a mechanical genius, the marvel and admiration of the technical and inventive world", Murray made his mark on the United States Playing Card Company by creating and installing manufacturing equipment, such as an automatic punch machine which "increased the output of cards fourfold" and reduced labor costs by sixty-six percent. With the automatic punch machine, great sheets of paper were fed into the machine and came out as complete packs of playing cards, printed in four colors.

Middletown, Ohio
Middletown is a city in Butler and Warren counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. The population was 50,987 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Cincinnati metropolitan area in southwest Ohio, 29 miles (47 km) northeast of Cincinnati and 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Dayton.

Incorporated in 1833 and designated a city in 1886, Middletown was formed from parts of Lemon, Turtlecreek, and Franklin townships. It was home to AK Steel Holding Corporation, formerly known as Armco and founded in 1900, whose steel factory in Middletown still operates as part of Cleveland-Cliffs. The city also features Hook Field Municipal Airport, now serving only general aviation, and a regional campus of Miami University. In 1957, Middletown was named an All-America City.
DLC1
Deleted in Liver Cancer 1 also known as DLC1 and StAR-related lipid transfer protein 12 (STARD12) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the DLC1 gene.

This gene is deleted in the primary tumor of hepatocellular carcinoma. It maps to 8p22-p21.3, a region frequently deleted in solid tumors. This gene is a candidate tumor suppressor gene for human liver cancer, as well as prefacing prostate, lung, colorectal, and breast cancers.

Primary tumor
A primary tumor is a tumor growing at the anatomical site where tumor progression began and proceeded to yield a cancerous mass. Most solid cancers develop at their primary site but may then go on to metastasize or spread to other parts of the body. These further tumors are secondary tumors.

Most cancers continue to be called after their primary site, as in breast cancer or lung cancer for example, even after they have spread to other parts of the body. Cancer of unknown primary origin is cancer that is determined to be at the metastatic stage, but a primary tumor cannot be identified.
Makna, Saudi Arabia
Makna, also known as Magna, is a town in Tabuk Province of Saudi Arabia. Located  at 28° 23' 51"N and  34° 44' 59"E. it is on the coast of Gulf of Aqaba southwest of Al-Bad', Saudi Arabia. It lies on the border of the Hejaz region, and was in antiquity in Southern Midian. The Red Sea near Makna hold pristine Coral reefs and is renowned as a scuba dive site.

North
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.
Ithyphallic (album)
Ithyphallic is the fifth studio album by American technical death metal band Nile. It was released on July 17, 2007 through Nuclear Blast, in both standard and digipak formats. It is the band's first album released on Nuclear Blast, since signing with them in May 2006. It is also the band's only album since Amongst the Catacombs of Nephren-Ka not to feature notes explaining the context of the lyrics. 1,000 limited edition copies of the album were released in a pyramid-shaped box containing the disc, several images, a certificate of ownership and a scroll containing the lyrics and liner notes from the album. The cover art of this album depicts a statue of the god of fertility "Min", being erected by Egyptian slaves. The title means "Erected Phallus" in ancient Greek.

Technical death metal
Technical death metal (also known as tech death) is a musical subgenre of death metal with particular focus on instrumental skill and complex songwriting. Technical and progressive experimentation in death metal began in the late 1980s and early 1990s, largely driven by four bands that, according to Allmusic, are "technical death metal's Big Four" – Death, Pestilence, Atheist, and Cynic. All but Pestilence are part of the Florida death metal scene, to which Nocturnus, another influential band, also belongs.
Sandeep Singh (air marshal)
Air Marshal Sandeep Singh, PVSM, AVSM, VM, (born 15 January 1963) is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force currently serving as the Military Advisor in the National Security Council Secretariat. He served as the Vice Chief of the Air Staff, succeeding Vivek Ram Chaudhari. Previously, he served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C), South Western Air Command.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Waldron Lavers
James Waldron Lavers (February 1, 1911 – July 4, 1979) was a Canadian politician and judicial clerk. He represented 5th Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1974 to 1978 as a Liberal.

Waldron was born in 1911 in Georgetown, Prince Edward Island. He married Lillian Blanche Walker in 1936. From 1947 to 1974, Lavers worked as a judicial clerk. He also served on Georgetown Town Council, and was deputy mayor.

Lavers entered provincial politics in the 1974 election, defeating Progressive Conservative Lowell Johnston by 108 votes to become councillor for the electoral district of 5th Kings. Lavers was defeated by Johnston when he ran for re-election in 1978.

Lavers died in Charlottetown on July 4, 1979.

Georgetown, Prince Edward Island
Georgetown is a community located within the municipality of Three Rivers in Kings County, Prince Edward Island, Canada. It is the Capital of Kings County. Previously incorporated as a town, it was amalgamated with the town of Montague, the rural municipalities of Brudenell, Cardigan, Lorne Valley, Lower Montague, and Valleyfield, and portions of three adjacent unincorporated areas in 2018 to create the town of Three Rivers.
Today's Farmer
Today's Farmer is an agricultural tabloid newspaper, published every other Tuesday, and serving approximately 18,000 rural households in the counties of Essex, Kent, Lambton, Middlesex and Elgin counties in Southwestern Ontario.

Middlesex County, Ontario
Middlesex County is a primarily rural county and census division in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Landlocked, the county is bordered by Huron and Perth counties on the north, Oxford County on the east, Elgin County on the south, and Chatham-Kent and Lambton County on the west.

The county seat is the city of London, although the city is politically independent from the county. The Middlesex census division, which consists of the county together with the City of London and three First Nations reserves, had a population of 500,563 in 2021. Part of the county is also included in the London census metropolitan area.
Mary Shaffer
Mary Shaffer (born 1943) is an American artist who has worked primarily with glass since the 1970s. She was an early artist in the American Studio Glass Movement. Her works often take slumped (or molten) form, in which found objects are embedded in the glass. She has work in the collections of the Corning Museum of Glass and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Corning Museum of Glass
The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York, United States, dedicated to the art, history, and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old.
CoorsTek
CoorsTek, Inc. is a privately owned manufacturer of technical ceramics for aerospace, automotive, chemical, electronics, medical, metallurgical, oil and gas, semiconductor and many other industries.  CoorsTek headquarters and primary factories are located in Golden, Colorado, US.  The company is wholly owned by Keystone Holdings LLC, a trust of the Coors family.  John K. Coors, a great-grandson of founder and brewing magnate Adolph Coors Sr., and the fifth and youngest son of longtime chairman and president Joseph Coors, retired as president and chairman in January 2020 after 22 years.

Crucible
A crucible is a container in which metals or other substances may be melted or subjected to very high temperatures. Although crucibles have historically tended to be made out of clay, they can be made from any material that withstands temperatures high enough to melt or otherwise alter its contents.
Luka Bašič
Luka Bašič (born October 7, 1989) is a retired Slovenian ice hockey player who last played for HDD Jesenice of the Alps Hockey League.

Bašič competed in the 2013 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Slovenia men's national ice hockey team.

Slovenia men's national ice hockey team
The Slovenia men's national ice hockey team is the ice hockey team representing Slovenia internationally. It is governed by the Ice Hockey Federation of Slovenia. As of May 2025, Slovenia is ranked 15th in the world by the IIHF World Ranking. The team's biggest success is reaching the quarter-finals at the 2014 Winter Olympics. Their best record at the Ice Hockey World Championships is 13th place, achieved in 2002, 2005 and 2025.

Seven players from Slovenia have been drafted into the National Hockey League (NHL) since 1998; Anže Kopitar and Jan Muršak have played in the league.
1994 Romanian Open – Doubles
Menno Oosting and Libor Pimek were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners. Oosting teamed up with Federico Mordegan and lost in the first round to Saša Hiršzon and Goran Ivanišević, while Pimek teamed up with Filip Dewulf and also lost in the first round to Jon Ireland and Jack Waite.

Wayne Arthurs and Simon Youl won the title by defeating Jordi Arrese and José Antonio Conde 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Jon Ireland
Jon Ireland (born 26 September 1967) is a former professional tennis player from Australia.

Ireland enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles.  During his career he won 1 doubles title.  He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of World No. 90 in 1995.
Handball at the 2023 Central American and Caribbean Games
Handball competition at the 2023 Central American and Caribbean Games are scheduled to be held from 24 June to 7 July 2023. The venue for the competition is the Multigimnasio Don Bosco located in Soyapango.

A total of eight men's and eight women's teams (each consisting up to 14 athletes) will compete in each tournament. This means a total of 224 athletes are scheduled to compete.

The winner and runner-up of each competition will qualify for the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile. The third place teams will play against the third-placed teams of the 2022 South American Games playoffs.

Soyapango
Soyapango is a district in the San Salvador department of El Salvador. Soyapango is the country's largest municipality with 284,700 residents. Soyapango is a satellite city of San Salvador and it is the main thoroughfare between San Salvador and the eastern part of the country, and nearly 70,000 vehicles travel through it every day. The nickname for this satellite city is Soya.
In memoriam card
An In memoriam card is a Christian devotional image that is printed on its back as a commemoration for certain events such as the receiving the sacrament of the first holy communion, the making of solemn vows, the bestowal of holy orders or the consecration of virgins, and their major anniversaries. It often also includes a prayer, a quotation from the Bible and dates regarding the given event. Special forms of the in memoriam cards are Osterbilder and Sterbebildchen as well as in memoriam cards collected and blessed at a place of pilgrimage.

Andachtsbilder
Andachtsbilder (singular Andachtsbild, German for devotional image) is a German term often used in English in art history for Christian devotional images designed as aids for prayer or contemplation.  The images "generally show holy figures extracted from a narrative context to form a highly focused, and often very emotionally powerful, vignette".

The term is especially used of Northern Gothic art around the 14th and 15th centuries, when new subjects such as the Pietà, Pensive Christ, Man of Sorrows, Arma Christi, Veil of Veronica, the severed head of John the Baptist, and the Virgin of Sorrows became extremely popular.
Fawziya Abdoulkarim
Fawziya Abdoulkarim (born (1989-03-01)1 March 1989) is a Cameroonian volleyball player. She is a member of the Cameroon women's national volleyball team and played for Bafia Evolution in 2014. She was part of the Cameroonian national team at the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Italy and at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.

Cameroon women's national volleyball team
The Cameroon women's national volleyball team represents Cameroon in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches. The team is one of the leading nations in women's volleyball on the African continent.

The team played in the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Italy, after securing a ticket by winning the African Pool T qualifiers with the best win–loss ratio.

Cameroon lastly qualified for the 2021 Women's African Nations Volleyball Championship where it won the gold medal.
Charlie Miller (security researcher)
Charles Alfred Miller is an American computer security researcher with Cruise Automation. Prior to his current employment, he spent five years working for the National Security Agency and has worked for Uber.

Cruise (autonomous vehicle)
37°46′12″N 122°24′35″W﻿ / ﻿37.7699°N 122.4098°W﻿ / 37.7699; -122.4098
Cruise LLC was an American self-driving car company that became a subsidiary of General Motors, headquartered in San Francisco, California. Founded in 2013 by Kyle Vogt and Dan Kan, Cruise tested and developed autonomous car technology. The company was acquired by General Motors in 2016, and operated as a largely autonomous subsidiary, focusing on producing a fleet of driverless taxis. Following a series of incidents, it suspended operations in October 2023, and Kyle Vogt resigned as CEO in November 2023. The company began returning its vehicles to public roads in May 2024.

In December 2024, GM stopped funding Cruise. Work on autonomous vehicles was to be incorporated into development of advanced driver assistance systems for personal vehicles, no longer funding autonomous taxis.
Xanthoparmelia treurensis
Xanthoparmelia treurensis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Southern Africa, it was formally described as a new species in 1986 by the lichenologists Mason Hale, Thomas Hawkes Nash III, and John Elix. The type specimen was collected by Hale from Pilgrims Rest (Transvaal) at an elevation of 1,200 m (3,900 ft), where it was found growing on sandstone in a coppice area. The species epithet treurensis refers to the Treur River, which is in the type locality. The lichen thallus is dark yellowish green and measures 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in) broad, comprising somewhat linear lobes that are 2–5 mm wide. It contains several lichen acids (secondary metabolites): stictic, constictic, cryptostictic, constipatic and usnic acids, as well as trace amounts of norstictic and connorstictic acids.

Pilgrim's Rest, South Africa
Pilgrim's Rest (Afrikaans: Pelgrimsrus) is a small museum town in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa which is protected as a provincial heritage site. It was the second of the Transvaal gold fields, attracting a rush of prospectors in 1873, soon after the MacMac diggings started some 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) away. Alluvial panning eventually gave way to deeper ore mining. In the 1970s the town, not greatly changed, became a tourist destination.
Amine Benaddi
Amine Mohamad Hassan Benaddi (Arabic: أَمِين مُحَمَّد حَسَن بِنْعَدِيّ; born 9 May 1993) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Muharraq. Born in Morocco, he plays for the Bahrain national team.

King's Cup (Bahrain)
The King's Cup is Bahrain's premier knockout tournament in men's football.

The national cup has had many different names over the years. Emir Cup (1952–59 & 1978–2002), Federation Cup (1960–77) and King's Cup (2003–present).
PsycCRITIQUES
PsycCRITIQUES was a database of reviews of books, videos, and popular films published by the American Psychological Association. It replaced the print journal Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, which was published from 1956 to 2004. The official blog of PsycCRITIQUES allowed free access to the full text of some recent reviews. It was discontinued on December 31, 2017. Archives are available to the public via the Center for the History of Psychology (University of Akron) or via a paid subscription to Portico.

Ithaka Harbors
Ithaka Harbors, Inc. is an American not-for-profit, the parent company of digital library website JSTOR, the digital preservation service Portico, and the research and consulting group Ithaka S+R. Its stated mission is to "help the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways". Ithaka was founded in 2003 by Kevin M. Guthrie. Ithaka's total revenue was $105 million in 2019, most of it ($79 million) from JSTOR service fees.
Thuringia ski jump
Thüringenschanze or Thuringia ski jump, known as Hindenburg ski jump until 1945, was a ski jumping hill in Oberhof in the Thuringian Forest. The large hill, which was built between 1925 and 1927, was one of the largest ski jumps in Germany for over 50 years in terms of jump distances. It was located on the western slope of the Wadeberg next to the youth ski jump on the outskirts of Oberhof. It hosted the ski jumping competitions of the Nordic World Ski Championships in 1931 and numerous other ski jumping competitions with international participants. The construction point (K-point), the size for which a ski jump is designed, was last at 82 meters after several conversions and extensions and the hill record, set by Jens Weißflog in 1981, was 83.5 meters. It was demolished in 1986.

Construction point
The construction point (German: Konstruktionspunkt), also known as the K-point or K-spot and formerly critical point, is a line across a ski jumping hill. It is used to calculate the number of points granted for a given jump. It is also called calculation point or calculation line.
McKellar, Australian Capital Territory
McKellar (/ˈməkɛlər/) is a residential suburb in the Belconnen district of Canberra, located within the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The suburb is named after Colin McKellar, who served as the Minister for Repatriation from 1964 until 1970. The suburb name was gazetted on 15 January 1974. The streets of McKellar are named for journalists with the main street of the suburb called Dumas Street. McKellar is bounded by Ginninderra Drive, William Webb Drive, Owen Dixon Drive, and Gundaroo Drive.

Belconnen
Belconnen (/bɛlˈkɒnɪn/) is a district in the Australian Capital Territory in Australia. The district is subdivided into 27 divisions (suburbs), sections and blocks. As at the 2021 census, the district had a population of 106,061 people; and was the most populous district within the Australian Capital Territory (ACT).

Belconnen is situated approximately 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) to the north-west of the central business district of Canberra, and surrounds an artificially created, ornamental lake, Lake Ginninderra. Lake Ginninderra was made possible by building a dam at an elbow of Ginninderra Creek. Exiting the lake, via a simple overflow, Ginninderra Creek continues, and runs north-west to its confluence with the Murrumbidgee River just beyond the north-western ACT border.
Greatest Hits: Straight Up!
Greatest Hits: Straight Up! is the third greatest hits album by American singer Paula Abdul. It was released on May 8, 2007 by Virgin Records.

The album contains all of Abdul's singles from her three studio albums, including the singles "Will You Marry Me?" and "Ain't Never Gonna Give You Up" which were left off Greatest Hits (2000).

Greatest Hits: Straight Up! did not chart on the US Billboard 200 but reached number 86 on the Top R&B/Hip Hop Albums chart and number 78 in Mexico.

Ain't Never Gonna Give You Up
"Ain't Never Gonna Give You Up" is a song by American singer and dancer Paula Abdul, released as the third and final single from her third studio album Head over Heels (1995). The track features background vocals from the vocal group Color Me Badd. It was written by Bryan Abrams, Elliot Wolff, Howie Tee, Kevin Thornton, Mark Calderon, and Curtis "Fitz" Williams, with Wolff producing the track. It was released on January 9, 1996 by Virgin Records.

Following the moderate performance of "My Love Is For Real" and "Crazy Cool", which became Abdul's first single since 1988 to miss the top 40 in the U.S., "Ain't Never Gonna Give You Up" was even less of a chart success. It became Abdul's first official single to miss the US Billboard Hot 100 altogether and had little airplay on both radio and MTV. The track would be Abdul's last overall music release until her collaboration with American Idol judge Randy Jackson, "Dance Like There's No Tomorrow", in 2008, over 12 years later.
Louis H. Meyer
Louis H. Meyer (17 December 1876 – 13 April 1960) was an American politician.

Meyer was born on 17 December 1876, and raised on a farm near Readlyn, Iowa. He married Mary Rohrssen in 1899, with whom he had three children, one of whom reached adulthood. The Meyer family moved into Readlyn in 1906, where Louis Meyer continued trading livestock.

Meyer was elected to a single term on the Iowa Senate in 1932, serving District 39 as a lawmaker affiliated with the Democratic Party. In retirement, Louis Meyer moved to Englewood, Colorado, where his son resided. Meyer died in Englewood on 13 April 1960.

Englewood, Colorado
The City of Englewood is a home rule city located in western Arapahoe County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 33,659 at the 2020 United States census. Englewood is a part of the Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor. Englewood is located immediately south of Denver in the South Platte River Valley.
Sidi Belyout
Sidi Belyout (Arabic: سيدي بليوط) is one of the 16 arrondissements of Casablanca, the largest city in the Casablanca-Settat region of Morocco.  As of 2004 it had 218,918 inhabitants.

The name comes from a ḍarīḥ (ضَرِيْح 'mausoleum') dedicated to Sidi Belyout, or Abu al-Liyuth (أبو الليوث 'father of the lions'), regarded as a walī ṣāliḥ (ولي صالح 'saint').

The current President of this district is Kenza Chraibi. (كنزة شرايبي بوهالي)

Mazar (mausoleum)
A mazār (Arabic: مَزَار), also transliterated as mazaar, also known as marqad (مَرْقَد) or in the Maghreb as ḍarīḥ (ضَرِيْح), is a mausoleum or shrine in some places of the world, typically that of a saint or notable religious leader. Medieval Arabic texts may also use the words mašhad (مَشْهَد) or maqām to denote the same concept.