hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alyth Railway
The Alyth Railway was a short branch railway line built in Strathmore in Scotland, connecting the town of Alyth to the main line network. It opened in 1861. Its junction was remote from any large population centre except Dundee, which was only reached by a primitive line with three rope worked inclines. This was modernised in 1868 and the Alyth branch, now with a good connection to Dundee, became busy. Nonetheless, the population of Alyth declined, and so did usage of the line, and it closed in 1951.

Cable railway
A cable railway is a railway that uses a cable, rope or chain to haul trains. It is a type of cable transportation.

The most common use for a cable railway is to move vehicles on a steeply graded line that is too steep for conventional locomotives – this is often called an incline or inclined plane, or, in New Zealand, a jigline, or jig line. A common form of incline is the funicular – an isolated passenger railway where the cars are permanently attached to the cable. In other forms, the cars attach and detach to the cable at the ends of the cable railway. Some cable railways are not steeply graded – these are often used in quarries to move large numbers of wagons between the quarry to the processing plant.
Brookfield Place (Perth)
Brookfield Place is a skyscraper within the Brookfield Place office complex in Perth, Western Australia. It is currently the second tallest building in Western Australia. It is located at 125 St Georges Terrace.

Construction commenced in April 2008 and was completed in 2012. The project is estimated to have cost around A$500 million. The major tenant is BHP; other tenants include PwC, Allianz, Barrick Gold, Navitas and Servcorp.

Developers Brookfield lodged a development application for the second stage of Brookfield Place in July 2011, for a 30,000-square-metre (320,000 sq ft) 16-storey office tower to be situated to the south of the main tower fronting Mounts Bay Road. Tower 2 was completed in 2015, with major tenants including Multiplex, Westpac, Wesfarmers, Ashurst, Corrs Chambers Westgarth and Deloitte.

Retail tenants in the Brookfield Place complex include Montblanc and Daniel Hechter.

Ashurst Australia
Ashurst Australia is the Australian branch of Ashurst LLP, an international commercial law firm. The Australian headquarters of Ashurst are in Sydney.

Prior to its acquisition by Ashurst, the Australian firm was named Blake Dawson, one of the Big Six leading Australian law firms.
Alvwood, Minnesota
Alvwood is an unincorporated community in Alvwood Township, Itasca County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located between Deer River and Northome at the junction of State Highway 46 (MN 46) and Itasca County Road 13.  County Road 29 is also in the vicinity.  The Popple River flows through the area.

Nearby places include Squaw Lake, Max, Bergville, Northome, and Blackduck.

Alvwood is located nine miles northwest of Squaw Lake; and 37 miles northwest of Deer River.  Alvwood is 13 miles east of Blackduck; and 10 miles south of Northome.

ZIP codes 56630 (Blackduck) and 56661 (Northome) meet near Alvwood.  The Chippewa National Forest and the Blackduck State Forest are both in the area.

The Hoot n Holler is a popular drinkery in Alvwood that hosts patrons year round, but receives very large crowds during the Minnesota deer hunting season.  The Hoot n Holler is known for its decor of decorated one dollar bills stapled to the walls from visitors.

Blackduck State Forest
The Blackduck State Forest is a state forest near the town of Blackduck, located in Beltrami and Itasca counties in Minnesota. It is adjacent to the Buena Vista State Forest and the federally managed Chippewa National Forest. It is managed primarily by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the counties.

The landscape is hilly and mixed soils are a result of the area's glacial history. Aspen and northern hardwoods dominate the upland sites, and black spruce, tamarack, and northern white cedar cover lowland sites.

Outdoor recreation opportunities include cross-country skiing, snowmobiling  and hiking trails. Hunting and picnicking sites are located through the forest, and there is boating access to the Chippewa Forest's waters.
Polycube
A polycube is an orthogonal polyhedron formed by joining one or more equal cubes face to face.   Polycubes are the three-dimensional analogues of the planar polyominoes.  The Soma cube, the Bedlam cube, the Diabolical cube, the Slothouber–Graatsma puzzle, and the Conway puzzle are examples of packing problems based on polycubes.

Conway puzzle
Conway's puzzle, or blocks-in-a-box, is a packing problem using rectangular blocks, named after its inventor, mathematician John Conway. It calls for packing thirteen 1 × 2 × 4 blocks, one 2 × 2 × 2 block, one 1 × 2 × 2 block, and three 1 × 1 × 3 blocks into a 5 × 5 × 5 box.
Bardonecchia
Bardonecchia (Italian: [bardoˈnekkja]; Piedmontese: Bardonecia [bardʊˈnetʃa]; Occitan: Bardonescha [baɾduˈneʃə], French: Bardonnèche) is an Italian town and comune located in the Metropolitan City of Turin, in the Piedmont region, in the western part of Susa Valley. It grew out of a small village with the works for the Fréjus Rail Tunnel, the first crossing the Alps.

The town hosted the snowboarding events of the 2006 Winter Olympics.

Susa Valley
The Susa Valley (Arpitan: Vâl Susa; Piedmontese: Valsusa; Occitan: Val d'Ors; Italian: Val di Susa; French: Val de Suse) is a valley in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont region of northern Italy, located between the Graian Alps in the north and the Cottian Alps in the south. It is one of the longest valleys of the Italian Alps. It extends over 50 kilometres (31 mi) in an east-west direction from the French border to the outskirts of Turin. The valley takes its name from the city of Susa which lies in the valley. The Dora Riparia river, a tributary of the Po, flows through the valley.

A motorway runs through the valley from Turin to Chambéry in France through the Fréjus tunnel or by crossing the Col du Mont Cenis (2083m), and to Briançon, also in France, over the Col de Montgenèvre.
Isqat
Isqat (Arabic: اسقاط, romanized: Isqāṭ) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of Idlib Governorate. Nearby localities include Salqin to the southwest, Kafr Takharim to the southeast, Harem to the northeast and al-Alani to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Isqat had a population of 4,535 in 2004.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Nile Soik
Nile Warren Soik (May 2, 1923 – August 3, 2001) was an American politician, United States military officer, and educator.

Born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Soik graduated from Riverside University High School. He then graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1945 and served in the United States Army. Soik received his master's degree in business administration from University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1951 and his doctorate degree at Cornell University. Soik was a trainer in the human resource department at Allen-Bradley. He also taught at Milwaukee School of Engineering, Lakeland College, Marquette University, Milwaukee Area Technical College, and Cardinal Stritch University. He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1961-1969 as a Republican and then in the Wisconsin State Senate in 1969–1973. He died in Whitefish Bay, Wisconsin.

Milwaukee School of Engineering
The Milwaukee School of Engineering (MSOE) is a private university in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1903, the university has a primary focus on undergraduate engineering education with additional programs in business, mathematics, and nursing. Its 22-acre (8.9 ha) campus is in the East Town neighborhood of downtown Milwaukee.

In the fall of 2022, it enrolled 2,575 undergraduate and 154 graduate students. As of fall 2018, the university had a total of 138 full-faculty. Through eight academic departments, the university offers 16 bachelor's degree programs, 10 of which are in engineering; the university also offers nine master's degrees. MSOE fields 21 varsity teams known as the "Raiders" and most teams play in the NCAA Division III as part of the Northern Athletics Collegiate Conference (NACC).
Nikolaus von Maillot de la Treille
Nikolaus Hubert Freiherr von Maillot de la Treille (25 September 1774 – 28 August 1834) was a Bavarian lieutenant general and War Minister under Maximilian I Joseph and Ludwig I of Bavaria.

Maillot de la Treille was born in Jülich. He joined the cadets corps of the Bavarian army in 1776, and took part in the campaigns during 1800 and 1815. During the war, his son August was born in 1803. In 1813 he became major general and brigadier, and was Bavarian military representative of the German Confederation after 1819. Forced by field-marshal Karl Philipp von Wrede and Crown Prince Ludwig, he became minister of state for the army (Staatsminister der Armee) on 30 September 1822 and was advanced to the rank of lieutenant general in 1824. In 1826 the ministerial post was renamed "war minister". He retired in 1829 and died in Munich, where he was buried in the Alter Südfriedhof.

Maillot de la Treille's manor-house at Schwabing was built by the architect Jean Baptiste Métivier.

Bavarian Army
The Bavarian Army (German: Bayerische Armee) was the army of the Electorate (1682–1806) and then Kingdom (1806–1918) of Bavaria. It existed from 1682 as the standing army of Bavaria until the merger of the military sovereignty (Wehrhoheit) of Bavaria into that of the German State in 1919. The Bavarian Army was never comparable to the armies of the Great Powers of the 19th century, but it did provide the Wittelsbach dynasty with sufficient scope of action, in the context of effective alliance politics, to transform Bavaria from a territorially-disjointed small state to the second-largest state of the German Empire after Prussia.
Landscape (Jan Brueghel the Elder and de Momper)
Landscape (Spanish: Paisaje) is an oil on panel painting by Flemish painter Joos de Momper.

The work is considered today a collaboration between de Momper and Jan Brueghel the Elder, and is currently housed at the Museum of Prado in Madrid.

Flemish people
Flemish people or Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen [ˈvlaːmɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flamands) are one of three Belgian main ethnic groups native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%.

Flemish was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and culture gradually formed.
2025 San Marino Open – Doubles
Petr Nouza and Patrik Rikl were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Karol Drzewiecki and Ray Ho won the title after defeating Miloš Karol and Vitaliy Sachko 7–5, 7–6(7–3) in the final.

Ray Ho
Ray Ho (born 13 February 2000) is a Taiwanese professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 60 achieved on 16 February 2026 and a singles ranking of No. 715 achieved on 18 July 2022. He plays mostly on the ATP Challenger Tour, where he has won eleven titles in doubles.

Ho represents Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) at the Davis Cup.
Daugavgrīva White Church
Daugavgrīva White Church (Latvian: Daugavgrīvas Baltā baznīca) is a Lutheran church in the Vecmīlgrāvis district of Riga, the capital of Latvia. It is a parish church of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia. The church is situated at the address 50 Baltāsbaznīcas iela.

Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia
The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia (Latvian: Latvijas Evaņģēliski luteriskā baznīca, or LELB) is a Lutheran Protestant church in Latvia. Latvia's Lutheran heritage dates back to the Reformation. The church reports having 250,000 members according to the Lutheran World Federation.
Siloxerus
Siloxerus is a genus of Australian plants in the tribe Gnaphalieae within the family Asteraceae endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus usually have leaves in a rosette at the base of the plant or sessile stem leaves, and disc-like compounds heads of bisexual, tube-shaped yellowish flowers. The fruit is an oval, often purplish cypsela with a scaly white pappus.

The following species of Siloxerus are accepted by Plants of the World Online as of November 2025:

Siloxerus filifolius (Benth.) Ostenf.

Siloxerus humifusus Labill.

Siloxerus multiflorus (Nees) Entwisle

Siloxerus pygmaeus (A.Gray) P.S.Short

Siloxerus tomentosus (J.C.Wendl.) Ostenf.

Monoecy
Monoecy (from Ancient Greek  μονοικία (monoikía) 'one household'; adj. monoecious), is a sexual system in seed plants where separate male and female cones or flowers are present on the same plant. It is a monomorphic sexual system comparable with gynomonoecy, andromonoecy and trimonoecy, and contrasted with dioecy where individual plants produce cones or flowers of only one sex, and with bisexual or hermaphroditic plants in which male and female gametes are produced in the same flower.

Monoecy often co-occurs with anemophily, because it prevents self-pollination of individual flowers and reduces the probability of self-pollination between male and female flowers on the same plant.: 32

Monoecy in angiosperms has been of interest for evolutionary biologists since Charles Darwin.
Ministry of Agriculture (Liberia)
The Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) is the government ministry responsible for the governance, management and promotion of agriculture in Liberia.  The Ministry is responsible for the oversight of agronomy, animal husbandry and other agriculture industries, the economic organization of the agriculture and food industries, and national food security.  The work of the Ministry is divided into sectors of Livestock Production, Agricultural Chemicals and Crop Production.

The current Minister of Agriculture is Hon. J. Alexander Nuetah, PhD.  Main Ministry offices are located in Monrovia.

Agronomy
Agronomy is the science and technology of producing and using plants by agriculture for food, fuel, fiber, chemicals, recreation, or land conservation. Agronomy has come to include research of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, and soil science. It is the application of a combination of sciences such as biology, chemistry, economics, ecology, earth science, and genetics. Professionals in the field are known as agronomists.
Tetraacyldisaccharide 4'-kinase
Tetraacyldisaccharide 4'-kinase is an enzyme that phosphorylates the 4'-position of a tetraacyldisaccharide 1-phosphate precursor (DS-1-P) of lipopolysaccharide lipid A. This lipid forms outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. This enzyme catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + [2-N,3-O-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-beta-D-glucosaminyl]-(1->6)-[2- N,3-O-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-beta-D-glucosaminyl phosphate]  ADP + [2-N,3-O-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-4-O-phosphono-beta-D- glucosaminyl]-(1->6)-[2-N,3-O-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-beta-D- glucosaminyl phosphate]

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with an alcohol group as acceptor.

Phosphotransferase
In biochemistry, phosphotransferases are enzymess that catalyze phosphorylations (addition of inorganic phosphate, abbreviated P, to some substrate)

Two kinds of phosphotransferases are kinases where ATP donates P and phosphorylases where inorganic phosphate is the P donor.
Jerold Mande
Jerold Robert Mande (born January 20, 1954) is an American nutritionist, public policy expert, and civil servant who served as Deputy Under Secretary for Food Safety at the US Department of Agriculture, in charge of the Food Safety and Inspection Service, from 2009 to 2011. He has held numerous other senior positions in executive branch agencies and universities.

Nutritionist
A nutritionist is a person who advises others on matters of food and nutrition and their impacts on health.  Some people specialize in particular areas, such as sports nutrition, public health, or animal nutrition, among other disciplines. In many jurisdictions, a person can claim to be a nutritionist even without any training, education, or professional license, in contrast to a dietitian, who has a university degree, professional license, and certification for professional practice.
Ring toss
Ring toss is a game where rings are tossed around a peg. It is common at amusement parks. A variant, sometimes referred to as "ring-a-bottle", replaces pegs with bottles, where the thrower may keep the bottle (and its contents) if successful.

Ring toss is also a game for toddlers and children that can assist in the development of motor skills and hand-eye coordination development.

Toddler
A toddler is a child approximately 1 to 3 years old, though definitions vary. The toddler years are a time of great cognitive, emotional and social development. The word is derived from "toddle", which means to walk unsteadily, as children at this age do.

By the age of two, toddlers typically reach several important milestones, including walking, running, climbing and speaking in short phrases. Their vocabulary expands rapidly and they begin to show increased independence as they explore their environment and make known their preferences.
Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential
Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) is an exophytic (outward growing), (microscopically) nipple-shaped (or papillary) pre-malignant growth of the lining of the upper genitourinary tract (the urothelium), which includes the renal pelvis, ureters, urinary bladder and part of the urethra.

PUNLMP is pronounced pun-lump, like the words pun and lump.

As their name suggests, PUNLMPs are neoplasms, i.e. clonal cellular proliferations, that are thought to have a low probability of developing into urothelial cancer, i.e. a malignancy such as bladder cancer.

Renal pelvis
The renal pelvis or pelvis of the kidney is the funnel-like dilated part of the ureter in the kidney. It is formed by the convergence of the major calyces, acting as a funnel for urine flowing from the major calyces to the ureter. It has a mucous membrane and is covered with transitional epithelium and an underlying lamina propria of loose-to-dense connective tissue.

The renal pelvis is situated within the renal sinus alongside the other structures of the renal sinus.
Harry Wood (baseball)
Harold Austin Wood (February 10, 1885 – May 18, 1955) was a professional baseball player. He played two games in Major League Baseball in 1903 with the Cincinnati Reds, one as a left fielder and one as a right fielder.

For his career, he collected no hits in three at bats with one walk. At 18, he was the second-youngest player in the National League during the 1903 season.

An alumnus of the University of Maryland, he was born in Waterville, Maine and later died in Bethesda, Maryland at the age of 70.

Left fielder
In baseball, a left fielder, abbreviated LF, is an outfielder who plays defense in left field. Left field is the area of the outfield to the left of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the left fielder is assigned the number seven.
Cotter River System
The Cotter River System (CRS) is located in the Australian Capital Territory and was constructed in 1912. A feature of the Namadgi National Park, the Cotter River System is one of two main sources for the Australian Capital Territory's water supply, the other being the Queanbeyan River located north of the Australian Capital Territory in New South Wales. Nevertheless, the Cotter River System is a larger catchment area and due to recent drought conditions the Queanbeyan River has been seen as obsolete in comparison.

Comprising three primary dams, the Cotter River System has been a reliable water source despite low precipitation and high temperatures experienced in the Australian Capital Territory in the past decade.

Namadgi National Park
Namadgi National Park is a protected area in the southwest of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), bordering Kosciuszko National Park in New South Wales. It lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Canberra, and occupies approximately 46 percent of the ACT's land area.

Created in 1984, the park is on the Australian National Heritage List. It suffered badly in the 2019–20 Australian bushfire season, with around 80% of its vegetation burnt.
South African Class 15A 4-8-2
The South African Railways Class 15A 4-8-2 of 1914 was a steam locomotive.

Between 1914 and 1925, the South African Railways placed 119 Class 15A steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 wheel arrangement in service, delivered in ten batches from three manufacturers.

Transnet Freight Rail
Transnet Freight Rail is a South African rail transport company, formerly known as Spoornet.  It was part of the South African Railways and Harbours Administration, a state-controlled organisation that employed hundreds of thousands of people for decades from the first half of the 20th century and was widely referred to by the initials SAR&H (SAS&H in Afrikaans). Customer complaints about serious problems with Transnet Freight Rail's service were reported in 2010. Its head office is in Inyanda House in Parktown, Johannesburg.
2000 Zee Cine Awards
The 3rd Zee Cine Awards also The 3rd Lux Zee Cine Awards ceremony, presented by Zee Entertainment Enterprises, honored the best Indian Hindi-language films of 1999. The ceremony was held on 11 March 2000 at Andheri Sports Complex, Mumbai.

Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam led the ceremony with 25 nominations, followed by Hum Saath-Saath Hain with 12 nominations, and Sarfarosh and Taal with 11 nominations each.

Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam won 11 awards, including Best Film, Best Director (for Sanjay Leela Bhansali) and Best Actress (for Aishwarya Rai), thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.

Andheri Sports Complex
The Andheri Sports Complex  also known as Shahaji Raje Krida Sankul is a multi-purpose facility located on Veera Desai Road in  Andheri West, Mumbai, India. It was built in 1988 at ₹30 crore for schools that lacked the necessary infrastructure to hold sports meets. The complex is used for both national level sports tournaments like squash, boxing, tennis and karate. The sports complex has an olympic size swimming pool and a diving pool with 4 diving levels. In 2016, it was redeveloped to include a modern football stadium in accordance with FIFA guidelines and known as Mumbai Football Arena.
Drumcliff
Drumcliff or Drumcliffe (Irish: Droim Chliabh, meaning 'ridge of the baskets') is a village in County Sligo, Ireland. It is 8 km (5 mi) north of Sligo town on the N15 road on a low gravel ridge between the mountain of Ben Bulben and Drumcliff Bay. It is on the Drumcliff River, originally called the "Codnach", which drains Glencar Lake. Drumcliff is the resting place of the Irish poet W. B. Yeats. Drumcliff is in a civil parish of the same name.

Glencar Lough
Glencar Lough (Irish: Loch Ghleann an Chairthe, meaning 'lake of the glen of the pillar stone'), locally known as Glencar Lake, is a freshwater lake in the northwest of Ireland. It covers an area of 1.15 square kilometres (284 acres) and lies mostly in County Leitrim with a smaller part in County Sligo. Glencar Waterfall is located near the lake's north shore on the Leitrim side.