hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Çamlıbel, Silifke
Çamlıbel (formerly Karaböcülü) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Silifke, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 147 (2022). It is situated to in the Taurus Mountains. The distance to Silifke is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) and to Mersin is 97 kilometres (60 mi).

The village was founded on the ruins of an ancient farm complex of the Roman and  early Byzantine era (3rd-5th centuries). There are ruins of houses, cisterns, churches and the like. Major economic activities are farming and animal breeding.

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Porchabella Glacier
The Porchabella Glacier (Romansh: Vadret da Porchabella) is a 2.5 km long glacier (2005) in the Albula Range in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. In 1973 it had an area of 2.58 km2.

The glacier lies at the foot of Piz Kesch and Piz Val Müra. It gives birth to the river Ava da Salect which ends in the Albula.

Albula (river)
Albula (German; Romansh: Alvra) is a river of Switzerland, a right tributary of the Hinterrhein. Length: 36 kilometres (22 mi), Basin: 950 square kilometres (370 sq mi). It flows into the Hinterrhein near Thusis.
Visaji Krushna Biniwale
Visaji Krushna Chinchalkar, popularly known as Visaji Pant Biniwale, was one of the leading generals of Peshwas in Northern India during 1759 to 1772. Peshwa Madhavrao I mainly sought his assistance in his attempt to restore Maratha Empire in the North after the defeat in the Battle of Panipat (1761).

Govind Sakharam Sardesai
Rao Bahadur Govind Sakharam Sardesai (17 May 1865 – 29 November 1959), popularly known as Riyasatkar Sardesai, was a historian from Bombay Presidency, India.

Through his Riyasats written in Marathi, Sardesai presented an account of over 1,000 years of Indian history until 1848. He also wrote the three-volume New History of Marathas in English.

Sardesai's work was recognised with a Padma Bhushan award from the Government of India in 1957.
Pedois rhodomita
Pedois rhodomita is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1900. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.

The wingspan is about 19 mm. The forewings are whitish, irrorated with reddish scales, which form numerous confused longitudinal streaks, a reddish-fuscous dot in the disc before the middle, a second beyond the middle, and a third on the fold beneath the first. There is a series of reddish-fuscous dots on the apical third of the costa and hindmargin. The hindwings are grey.

Alfred Jefferis Turner
Alfred Jefferis Turner (3 October 1861 in Canton – 29 December 1947 in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) was a pediatrician and amateur entomologist. He was the son of missionary Frederick Storrs-Turner. He introduced the use of diphtheria antitoxin to Australia in 1895, and resided in Dauphin Terrace, Highgate Hill, Brisbane.

The Jefferis Turner Centre for mothercraft was opened in 1952 as part of the Queensland Government's Maternal and Child Welfare program. In 1986, its role was changed to provide short-term respite care for intellectually disabled children. It is located in the heritage building Fairy Knoll in Ipswich.
Budgetary policy
Budgetary policy refers to government attempts to run a budget in equity or in surplus. The aim is to reduce the public debt.

It is not the same as a fiscal policy, which deals with the fiscal stimulus to the economy, the repartition of taxes and the generosity of allowances. It is the policy which governments adopt while formulating budget. It helps in shaping the form or structure of budget. Macroeconomics dictates that both fiscal and budgetary policy are utilized together to achieve economic stability.It has 3 type's: deficit policy, balanced policy, surplus policy.

Economic stability
Economic stability is the absence of excessive fluctuations in the macroeconomy. An economy with fairly constant output growth and low and stable inflation would be considered economically stable. An economy with frequent large recessions, a pronounced business cycle, very high or variable inflation, or frequent financial crises would be considered economically unstable.
Quintus Marcius Philippus
Quintus Marcius Philippus was a name used by men of the gens Marcia in Ancient Rome. They belonged to the Marcii Philippi.

Quintus Marcius, grandfather of the consul in 281 BC.

Quintus Marcius Q.f., father of the consul in 281 BC. Possibly the same person as Quintus Marcius Tremulus.

Quintus Marcius Philippus, consul in 281 BC, triumphed over the Etruscans, nominated magister equitum in 263 by the dictator Gnaeus Fulvius Maximus Centumalus.

Quintus Marcius Philippus, praetor in 188 BC of Sicily, consul in 186 and 169, later censor in 164.

Quintus Marcius Q. f. L. n. Philippus, son of the consul in 186 and 169 BC, served under his father in Macedonia.

Quintus Marcius Philippus, according to Cicero, was condemned, and went into exile at Nuceria, where he became a citizen. He might possibly be the same as the son of the consul of 186 and 169 BC.

Quintus Marcius Philippus, proconsul of Cilicia from 47 to 46 BC.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Murder in the Fleet
Murder In the Fleet is a 1935 American murder mystery/comedy-drama film set aboard USS Carolina. Released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, the film was directed by Edward Sedgwick and stars Robert Taylor and Jean Parker.

Una Merkel
Una Merkel (December 10, 1903 – January 2, 1986) was an American stage, film, radio, and television actress.

Merkel was born in Kentucky and acted on stage in New York in the 1920s. She went to Hollywood in 1930 and became a popular film actress. Two of her best-known performances are in the films 42nd Street and Destry Rides Again. She won a Tony Award in 1956 and was nominated for an Oscar in 1961.
Kukkonen
Kukkonen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Annika Kukkonen (born 1990), Finnish women's footballer

Antti Kukkonen (1889–1978), Finnish Lutheran pastor and politician

Lasse Kukkonen (born 1981), Finnish ice hockey player

Mikko Kukkonen (born 1988), Finnish ice hockey player

Sinikka Kukkonen (1947–2016), Finnish orienteer

Sirpa Kukkonen (born 1958), Finnish orienteer

Antti Kukkonen
Antti Kukkonen (3 October 1889 – 14 February 1978) was a Finnish Lutheran pastor and politician. He was a member of the Agrarian League. He served as Deputy Minister of Education in Lauri Ingman's second cabinet (31 May 1924 – 22 November 1924), as Minister of Education in Juho Sunila's first cabinet (17 December 1927 – 22 December 1928), in Kyösti Kallio's third cabinet (16 August 1929 – 4 July 1930), in Juho Sunila's second cabinet (21 March 1931 – 14 December 1932), in Kyösti Kallio's fourth cabinet (7 October 1936 – 12 March 1937), in Risto Ryti's second cabinet (27 March 1940 – 4 December 1941) and in Jukka Rangell's cabinet (4 January 1941 – 5 March 1943) as well as a Member of Parliament (1 April 1919 – 5 April 1945 and 29 March 1954 – 19 February 1962).

Kukkonen was sentenced to 2 years of imprisonment in the war-responsibility trials in Finland. He was released in October 1947.
Sam Chun Dang Pharm
Sam Chun Dang Pharm Co., Ltd. (Korean: 삼천당제약; Hanja: 三千堂製藥; RR: Samcheondang jeyak), commonly abbreviated as SCD, is a South Korean pharmaceutical company engaged in the development, manufacturing, and sale of prescription medicines. Founded in 1943, the company is headquartered in Seocho-gu, Seoul, with manufacturing operations at the Hyannam Pharmaceutical Industrial Complex in Hwaseong, Gyeonggi Province. SCD is listed on the Korea Exchange (KRX: 000250).

The company is best known for its ophthalmic products, which accounts for approximately half of its total revenues, and has attracted attention for its development of an aflibercept biosimilar (SCD411) and an oral semaglutide generic.

Hwaseong, Gyeonggi
Hwaseong (Korean: 화성; Korean pronunciation: [ɸa.sʰʌŋ]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It is located on the coast of the Yellow Sea. It has the largest area of farmland of any city or county in Gyeonggi Province. Seoul Subway Line 1 passes through Hwaseong, stopping at Byeongjeom Station. Suin-Bundang Line also passes through the city, stopping at Eocheon Station.

Hwaseong Fortress is located in nearby Suwon.
Efax (software)
efax is an integrated fax program for Unix-like computer systems, produced by Casas Communications Engineering since 1993.

The software allows users to send and receive faxes using a computer, fax modem, and telephone line. It is command-line based, but there are several graphical user interfaces available.

efax is open-source and free software, licensed under the GPL. It is included in several major Linux distributions, including Debian, Red Hat, Mandriva, and others. There is also a BSD version, and it forms part of the Apple Mac OS X Darwin system.

Darwin (operating system)
Darwin is the core Unix-like operating system of macOS, iOS, watchOS, tvOS, iPadOS, audioOS, visionOS, and bridgeOS. It previously existed as an independent open-source operating system, first released by Apple in 2000. It is composed of code derived from NeXTSTEP, FreeBSD and other BSD operating systems, Mach, and other free software projects' code, as well as code developed by Apple. Darwin's unofficial mascot is Hexley the Platypus.

Darwin is mostly POSIX-compatible, but has never, by itself, been certified as compatible with any version of POSIX. Starting with Leopard, macOS has been certified as compatible with the Single UNIX Specification version 3 (SUSv3).
Aldinger
Aldinger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert K. Aldinger (1873–1957), American football, basketball, and baseball player and coach

Fritz Aldinger (born 1941), German materials scientist

Heinz Aldinger (1933–2024), German football referee

William F. Aldinger III (born 1947), American businessman

William F. Aldinger III
William F. Aldinger III (born June 25, 1947) is an American businessman.

Aldinger served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Capmark (now Ally Financial) from June 2006 to December 2008.  He has served as Consultant of Capmark since December 2008.
Hubble sequence
The Hubble sequence is a morphological classification scheme for galaxies published by Edwin Hubble in 1926. It is often colloquially known as the Hubble tuning-fork diagram because the shape in which it is traditionally represented resembles a tuning fork.
It was invented by John Henry Reynolds and Sir James Jeans.

The tuning fork scheme divided regular galaxies into three broad classes – ellipticals, lenticulars and spirals – based on their visual appearance (originally on photographic plates). A fourth class contains galaxies with an irregular appearance. The Hubble sequence is the most commonly used system for classifying galaxies, both in professional astronomical research and in amateur astronomy.

Galactic bulge
In astronomy, a galactic bulge (or simply bulge) is a tightly packed group of stars within a larger star formation. The term almost exclusively refers to the group of stars found near the center of most spiral galaxies. Bulges were historically thought to be elliptical galaxies that happened to have a disk of stars around them, but high-resolution images using the Hubble Space Telescope have revealed that many bulges lie at the heart of a spiral galaxy. It is now thought that there are at least two types of bulges: bulges that are like ellipticals and bulges that are like spiral galaxies.
Bombieri–Lang conjecture
In arithmetic geometry, the Bombieri–Lang conjecture is an unsolved problem conjectured by Enrico Bombieri and Serge Lang about the Zariski density of the set of rational points of an algebraic variety of general type.

Arithmetic geometry
In mathematics, arithmetic geometry is roughly the application of techniques from algebraic geometry to problems in number theory. Arithmetic geometry is centered around Diophantine geometry, the study of rational points of algebraic varieties.

In more abstract terms, arithmetic geometry can be defined as the study of schemes of finite type over the spectrum of the ring of integers.
Navarino, Wisconsin
Navarino is a town in Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population is 177. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Navarino as a census-designated place (CDP). The census-designated place and community of Navarino is located in the town.

Administrative divisions of Wisconsin
The administrative divisions of Wisconsin include counties, cities, villages and towns. In Wisconsin, all of these are units of general-purpose local government. There are also a number of special-purpose districts formed to handle regional concerns, such as school districts.

Whether a community is a city, village or town is not strictly dependent on the community's population or area, but on the form of government selected by the residents and approved by the Wisconsin State Legislature. Cities and villages can overlap county boundaries; for example, the city of Whitewater is located in Walworth and Jefferson counties.
Black Cowboy, Wild Horses
Black Cowboy, Wild Horses: A True Story is a 1998 children's picture book by Julius Lester and illustrator Jerry Pinkney. It is about an ex-slave and Black cowboy, Bob Lemmons, who, by himself, wrangles a herd of wild horses to a corral.

Julius Lester
Julius Bernard Lester (January 27, 1939 – January 18, 2018) was an American writer of books for children and adults and an academic who taught for 32 years (1971–2003) at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Lester was also a civil rights activist, a photographer, and a musician who recorded two albums of folk music and original songs.
North Adams Museum of History and Science
The North Adams Museum of History and Science was established by the North Adams Historical Society in 1988 to display their collections. The museum was originally located on State Street in North Adams, Massachusetts as part of the historic Western Gateway Heritage State Park. The State Street location closed in 2018. The museum then moved to the first floor of the Holiday Inn in North Adams, but had to move from that space in January, 2022. The collections are currently in storage. Some items are on display at the City Hall and a commercial location.

Holiday Inn
Holiday Inn by IHG is an American chain of hotels based in Atlanta, Georgia and a brand of IHG Hotels & Resorts. The chain was founded in 1952 by Kemmons Wilson (1913–2003), who opened the first location in Memphis, Tennessee. The chain was a division of Bass Brewery from 1988 to 2000, Six Continents from 2000 to 2003, and IHG Hotels & Resorts since 2003. It operates hotels under the names Holiday Inn, Holiday Inn Express, Holiday Inn Club Vacations, and Holiday Inn Resorts. As of 2018, Holiday Inn has hotels at over 1,100 locations.
2022 Clube do Remo season
The 2022 season was the 109th in Remo's existence. This season Remo participated in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C, the Campeonato Paraense and the Copa do Brasil.

Remo finished the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C in the 12th place, missing out on the top eight places that would advance to the second stage and consequently failing to promotion to Série B of the following year. The club won the Campeonato Paraense by the 47th time. In the Copa do Brasil, Remo was eliminated in the third round by Cruzeiro.

Remo was also going to play in the Copa Verde, but gave up the competition.

2022 Copa Verde
The 2022 Copa Verde was the ninth edition of the football competition held in Brazil. Featuring 17 clubs, Acre, Mato Grosso, Pará and Roraima have two vacancies; Amazonas, Distrito Federal, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rondônia and Tocantins with one each. The others two berths was set according to CBF ranking. Initially, the competition was to be formed by 24 clubs, but seven dropped out.

In the finals, Paysandu defeated Vila Nova 4–3 on penalties after tied 1–1 on aggregate to win their third title and a place in the third round of the 2023 Copa do Brasil.
Work-conserving scheduler
In computing and communication systems, a work-conserving scheduler is a scheduler that always tries to keep the scheduled resource(s) busy, if there are submitted jobs ready to be scheduled. In contrast, a non-work-conserving scheduler is a scheduler that, in some cases, may leave the scheduled resource(s) idle despite the presence of jobs ready to be scheduled.

For example, when dealing with networking and packet scheduling, a work-conserving scheduler leaves the channel idle only when there are no packets to transmit. In contrast, a non-work-conserving scheduler might leave the channel idle with packets still pending transmission.

Similarly, when referring to CPU scheduling, i.e. threads or processes scheduled over one or more available processors or cores, a work-conserving scheduler ensures that processors/cores are not idle if there are processes/threads ready for execution.

Processor (computing)
In computing and computer science, a processor or processing unit is an electrical component (digital circuit) that performs operations on an external data source, usually memory or some other data stream. The term is frequently used to refer to the central processing unit (CPU), the main processor in a system. It can also refer to other specialized processors such as graphics processing units (GPU), quantum processing units (QPU), and digital signal processors (DSP). The design and development of a processor is intricate and time-consuming because it requires defining both its functional requirements (operations it must perform) and its non-functional requirements (the physical and performance constraints). It is typically built to operate on digital data, as an integrated circuit using semiconducting material, containing transistors organized into logic gates, further organized into sections such as IP blocks or cores, that can be connected together.
RV Andromedae
RV Andromedae is a variable star in the constellation of Andromeda.  It is classified as a semiregular variable pulsating giant star, and varies from an apparent visual magnitude of 11.5 at minimum brightness to a magnitude of 9.0 at maximum brightness, with a period of approximately 168.9 days.

In 1904, English amateur astronomer Arthur Stanley Williams examined photographic plates taken during the previous two years and determined that RV Andromedae was a variable star whose period he estimated to be 182 days. In 1907, Annie Jump Cannon listed it with its variable star designation in her Second Catalogue of Variable Stars.

This is one of the Mira variables where mode switching of pulsations have been observed; amplitude and periods have been seen decreasing and subsequently increasing back to values near the previous ones.

Arthur Stanley Williams
Arthur Stanley Williams (1861 in Brighton – 21 November 1938) was an English solicitor and amateur astronomer. He dedicated himself to the telescopic observation of the planets. He also was enthusiastic about yachting, winning the Challenge Cup in 1920.
The Bristolian (train)
The Bristolian is a named passenger train service from London Paddington to Bristol Temple Meads. It starts at Weston-super-Mare in the London-bound direction.

Inaugurated in 1935 by the Great Western Railway company, the Bristolian name was retained by British Railways and is still used by its successor, Great Western Railway.

Lists of named passenger trains
In the history of rail transport, dating back to the 19th century, there have been hundreds of named passenger trains. These have been organized into lists by geographical region. Trains with numeric names are spelled out. For example, the 20th Century Limited is listed as "Twentieth Century Limited".

Named trains are sometimes identified through a train headboard, drumhead, lettering on the locomotive or passenger cars, or a combination of these methods.
Jack Russell (American football)
James Monroe "Jack" Russell (August 29, 1919 – January 16, 2006) was an American football end.

Russell was born in Nemo, Texas in 1919 and attended Cleburne High School in Cleburne, Texas. He played college football at Baylor. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in 1943 but did not play for them.  During World War II, he served in the military and played on the 1944 Randolph Field Ramblers football team. In December 1944, he was named to the 1944 All-Service football team by the Associated Press.

After the war, Russell played professional football in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for the New York Yankees from 1946 to 1949 and in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Yanks in 1950. He appeared in 65 professional football games, 56 of them as a starter, and tallied 83 receptions for 1,331 yards and 15 touchdowns. He also played in the Canadian Football League for the Saskatchewan Roughriders from 1951 to 1952.

Russell died in 2006, in Cleburne, Texas.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.