hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aidoc
Aidoc Medical is an Israeli technology company that develops computer-aided simple triage and notification systems. Aidoc has obtained U.S. Food and Drug Administration and CE mark approval for its stroke, pulmonary embolism, cervical fracture, intracranial hemorrhage, intra-abdominal free gas, and incidental pulmonary embolism algorithms.

Aidoc algorithms are in use in more than 900 hospitals and imaging centers, including Montefiore Nyack Hospital, LifeBridge Health, LucidHealth, Yale New Haven Hospital, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, and Sheba Medical Center.

Pneumoperitoneum
Pneumoperitoneum is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity. The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ, generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma. A perforated appendix rarely causes a pneumoperitoneum.

Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum is a rare case that is not caused by an abdominal organ rupture. This is also called an idiopathic spontaneous pneumoperitoneum when the cause is not known.

In the mid-twentieth century, an "artificial" pneumoperitoneum was sometimes intentionally administered as a treatment for a hiatal hernia. This was achieved by insufflating the abdomen with carbon dioxide. The practice is currently used by surgical teams in order to aid in performing laparoscopic surgery.
Causey (surname)
Causey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Causey, American guitarist and composer

Jeff Causey (born 1971), American soccer goalkeeper

John W. Causey (1841–1908), American farmer and politician

Matthew Causey, American actor known for his role in the movie The Party Animal

Peter F. Causey (1801–1871), American merchant and politician from Milford, Delaware

Richard Causey (born 1960), Enron's Executive Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer during the Enron accounting scandal

Thomas Causey (1949–2026), American sound engineer

Wayne Causey (born 1936), American baseball infielder

James Talarico (born 1989), American politician, born as James Causey before adoption

Brian Causey
Brian Causey (also known as Star Crunch) is an American musician, composer and singer. He is a founding member of surf rock band Man or Astro-man? and was the main songwriter and guitarist in the band from 1991 to 1998, and from 2006 to present. He currently runs the record label Warm Electronic Recordings. His stage name is a reference to the popular snack item made by Little Debbie, Star Crunch.
American Association of Philosophy Teachers
American Association of Philosophy Teachers (AAPT) is a non-profit professional organization that supports the continuing professional development of philosophy teachers in North America. The association was established in 1976. AAPT publishes a newsletter, supports an online discussion forum, blogs, and the collection of teaching resources. Members also have online access to a fulltext collection of teaching related resources through the Philosophy Documentation Center.

Philosophy Documentation Center
The Philosophy Documentation Center (PDC) is a non-profit publisher and resource center that provides access to scholarly materials in applied ethics, classics, philosophy, religious studies, and related disciplines. It publishes academic journals, conference proceedings, anthologies, and online research databases, often in cooperation with scholarly and professional associations. It also provides membership management and electronic publishing services, and hosts electronic journals, series, and other publications from several countries.
Babe: Pig in the City
Babe: Pig in the City is a 1998 comedy-drama adventure film and the sequel to Babe (1995). The film was co-written, produced and directed by George Miller, the original film's co-writer and producer, and features Magda Szubanski and James Cromwell reprising their roles, with Mickey Rooney joining the cast.

The film was nominated for Best Original Song at the 71st Academy Awards. On initial release, the film received mixed reviews from critics and failed to match the financial success of its predecessor, grossing $69.1 million on a $90 million budget. However, it has developed a cult following and a positive critical reassessment since its release.

James Cosmo
James Ronald Gordon Copeland (born 1947), known professionally as James Cosmo, is a Scottish actor. Known for his character work, he has played supporting roles in films such as Highlander (1986), Braveheart (1995), Trainspotting (1996), Troy (2004), The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (2005), Ben-Hur (2016), and Wonder Woman (2017). On television, he appeared as Father Kellan Ashby on the third season of Sons of Anarchy (2010), Jeor Mormont on HBO's Game of Thrones (2011–2013), Farder Coram in the BBC series His Dark Materials (2019), and  Luka Gocharov on the third season of Amazon Prime's Jack Ryan (2022). Cosmo appeared as a contestant on the nineteenth series of Celebrity Big Brother in 2017, finishing in fourth place.
Big Brother (Finnish TV series) season 8
Big Brother 2012 is the eight season of the Finnish reality television series Big Brother that premiered on August 28, 2012, on Sub.

Elina Viitanen returned to host the show, but Susanna Laine did not continue. Viitanen left Big Brother Extra to host the Big Brother Talk Show alone, and new host of Big Brother Extra is singer Cristal Snow.

Teija Kurvinen was the winner.

MTV Sub
MTV Sub (formerly TVTV!, Subtv and Sub) is a Finnish television channel owned by MTV Oy. The previous owner Alma Media sold Sub and its sister channels (MTV3, C More Max, MTV Ava Radio Nova and Sävelradio) to Swedish Bonnier and Proventus in 2005.
Pottery collection of the Albert Hall Museum
The pottery collection of the Albert Hall Museum in Jaipur, India, is a diverse 19th-century collection. The collection represents a wide range of crafts, techniques, and regions. The display includes unglazed vessels with ornamental decoration. The pottery techniques on display include burnished, lacquered, slip-painted, incised wares, and glazed pottery. The museum has representative pieces of Indian craftsmanship and other international pottery styles.

Patan, Gujarat
Patan (pronunciationⓘ) is a city and headquarters of Patan district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Patan was the capital of Gujarat's Chavda and Chaulukya dynasties in medieval times. During Gujarat Sultanate, it was the capital from 1407 to 1411.

Patan was established by the Chavda king Vanaraja. During the rule of several Hindu and Muslim dynasties, it thrived as a trading city and a regional capital of northern Gujarat. The city contains many Hindu and Jain temples as well as mosques, dargahs and rauzas.

It is a historical place located on the bank of the now-extinct Saraswati River. Patan has an old market which is quite sizeable and is believed to have been in continuous operation since at least the rule of Vaghelas and gandhis.
Canton of Privas
The canton of Privas is an administrative division of the Ardèche department, southern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Privas.

It consists of the following communes:

Privas
Privas (French pronunciation: [pʁiva] ⓘ; Occitan: Privàs [pɾiˈβas], also Catalan: [pɾiˈbas]) is a city located in France, in the department of Ardèche.

With its 8,538 inhabitants (2023), it is the least populated prefecture (capital of a department).

It was the location of the 1629 Siege of Privas. Today, Privas is known for the purée made from the local chestnuts, and for its sweetened marron glacé.
Panmun Field
Panmun Field(판문흰두루미살이터) is an 8000 ha wetland site in southern North Hwanghae Province of North Korea, close to the city of Kaesong and the border with South Korea. It contains mainly rice paddies. It has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports populations of swan geese, greater white-fronted geese, white-naped cranes, hooded cranes and red-crowned cranes. It is threatened by human disturbance.

Greater white-fronted goose
The greater white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) is a species of goose, closely related to the smaller lesser white-fronted goose (A. erythropus). The greater white-fronted goose is migratory, breeding in northern Canada, Alaska, Greenland, and Russia, and winters farther south in North America, Europe, and Asia. It is named for the patch of white feathers bordering the base of its bill;  its specific name albifrons comes from the Latin albus "white" and frons "forehead".  In the United Kingdom and Ireland, it has been known as the white-fronted goose; in North America, it is known as the greater white-fronted goose (or "greater whitefront"), and this name is also increasingly adopted internationally. Even more distinctive are the salt-and-pepper markings on the breast of adult birds, which is why the goose is colloquially called the "specklebelly" in North America.
Wonderland (magazine)
Wonderland was a British bi-monthly magazine based in Notting Hill, London, dedicated to lifestyle, fashion and popular culture. It was launched in September 2005 by editor Huw Gwyther under Visual Talent Ltd., after proposing the business idea as a pitch on the first series of the British television programme Dragons' Den in late 2004, subsequently receiving a £175,000 investment from British entrepreneur Peter Jones.

Sales presentation
As a selling technique, a sales presentation or sales pitch is a line of talk that attempts to persuade someone or something, with a planned sales presentation strategy of a product or service designed to initiate and close a sale of the product or service.

A sales pitch is essentially designed to be either an introduction of a product or service to an audience who knows nothing about it, or a descriptive expansion of a product or service that an audience has already expressed interest in. Sales professionals prepare and give a sales pitch, which can be either formal or informal, and might be delivered in any number of ways. A sales pitch may be invited by an organization looking to obtain supplies or services, for example in a commissioning context.
Azerbaijan at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships
Azerbaijan competed at the 2016 UCI Track Cycling World Championships at the Lee Valley VeloPark in London, United Kingdom from 2–4 March 2016. A team of 2 cyclists (1 women, 1 men) was announced to represent the country in the event.

Lee Valley VeloPark
Lee Valley VeloPark is a cycling centre in Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, London, England. It is owned and managed by Lee Valley Regional Park Authority, and it was opened to the public in March 2014. The facility was one of the permanent venues for the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Lee Valley VeloPark is at the northern end of Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. It has an indoor velodrome and a BMX racing track, which have been used for the Games, as well as a one-mile (1.6 km) road course and 5 miles (8 km) of mountain bike trails. The park replaces the Eastway Cycle Circuit demolished to make way for it. The facilities built for the Olympics were constructed between 2009 and 2011. The first event in the Velopark was the London round of the 2011 UCI BMX Supercross World Cup series.
Betsy Curtis
Elizabeth M. Curtis (September 17, 1917 – April 17, 2002) was an American science fiction/fantasy writer.

She was born in Toledo, Ohio. She earned a BA and MA in English from Oberlin College. In 1966, she earned a MEd from Allegheny College.

Her first short story was published in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction in 1950. Her second story was published later that same year in Imagination. Her work appeared in various publications, including Amazing Stories, Analog Science Fiction and Fact, Authentic Science Fiction, Galaxy Science Fiction, If, Infinity Science Fiction and Marvel Science Stories. In all, she is known to have published sixteen stories from 1950 through 1973. In 1969, she was nominated for a Hugo Award for Best Short Story for "The Steiger Effect". She never published a novel.

She was an active member of the Society for Creative Anachronism.

Curtis died at the age of 84.

Allegheny College
Allegheny College is a private liberal arts college in Meadville, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1815, Allegheny is the oldest college in continuous existence under the same name west of the Allegheny Mountains. It is a member of the Great Lakes Colleges Association and the Presidents' Athletic Conference and it is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
Sandra F. Olson
Sandra F. Olson is an American leader for women in organized medicine. Olson earned her MD from Northwestern University Medical School in 1963, when only 5 percent of medical students were women. She continued on to do her residency at Northwestern's McGaw Medical Center through 1969. In 2003, Olson became the first woman president of the American Academy of Neurology. She finished her term in 2005. She was also the first woman to be president of the Illinois State Medical Society, the Chicago Medical Society, and the Chicago Neurological Society.

McGaw Medical Center
The McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University is a consortium of urban, suburban, specialized, and general hospitals and Northwestern University. The member hospitals of the center have a total bed capacity of more than 2200.
Siege of Cusco
The 10-month siege of Cusco by the Inca army under the command of Sapa Inca Manco Inca Yupanqui started on 6 May 1536 and ended in March 1537. The city was held by a garrison of Spanish conquistadors and Indian auxiliaries led by Hernando Pizarro. The Incas hoped to restore their empire (1438–1533) with this action, but it was ultimately unsuccessful.

Hernando Pizarro
Hernando Pizarro y de Vargas (Spanish: [eɾˈnando piˈθaro]; c. 1504 – c. 1578) was a Spanish conquistador and one of the Pizarro brothers who ruled over Peru. He was the only one of the Pizarro brothers who was not killed in Peru, and eventually returned to Spain.
Salsolidine
Salsolidine, also known as 6,7-dimethylsalsolinol, O-methylsalsoline, or norcarnegine, is a tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid found in various cactus species. It is pharmacologically active. Salsolidine has been found to act as a weak but relatively potent monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), specifically of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) ((R)-enantiomer Ki = 6 μM), among other actions.

Monoamine oxidase A
Monoamine oxidase A, also known as MAO-A, is an enzyme (E.C. 1.4.3.4) that in humans is encoded by the MAOA gene. This gene is one of two neighboring gene family members that encode mitochondrial enzymes which catalyze the oxidative deamination of amines, such as norepinephrine, serotonin and tyramine. A mutation of this gene results in Brunner syndrome. This gene has also been associated with a variety of other psychiatric disorders, including antisocial behavior. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed.
Pintosaurus
Pintosaurus is an extinct genus of basal procolophonid parareptile from Late Triassic deposits of northeastern Uruguay. It is known from the holotype FC-DPV 1181, a partial skull. It was collected from the Buena Vista Formation of the Paraná Basin, in Colonia Orozco, Cerro Largo Department. It was first named by Graciela Piñeiro, Alejandra Rojas and Martín Ubilla in 2004 and the type species is Pintosaurus magnidentis. The generic name honours Dr. Iraja Damiani Pinto. The specific name means "with a large tooth" in Latin, a reference to the large palatal tooth pair.

Cerro Largo Department
Cerro Largo Department (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsero ˈlaɾɣo]) is a department of Uruguay. Its capital is Melo. It is located in the east of the country, bordering Brazil to its northeast with Yaguaron River as the natural border, Treinta y Tres Department to its south, Durazno Department to its west and the departments of Tacuarembó and Rivera to its northwest with Negro River as its natural border with them.
Joseph A. Farinholt
Joseph Alfred Farinholt (July 17, 1922 – June 11, 2002) is thought to be the only enlisted man in the history of the U.S. military to receive four awards of the Silver Star, the United States third highest decoration for valor in combat.

European–African–Middle Eastern Campaign Medal
The European–African–Middle Eastern Campaign Medal was a military award of the United States Armed Forces which was first created on November 6, 1942, by Executive Order 9265  issued by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
The medal was intended to recognize those military service members who had performed military duty in the European Theater (to include North Africa and the Middle East) during the years of the Second World War.
Patent Trial and Appeal Board
The Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) is an administrative law body of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) which decides issues of patentability. It was formed on September 16, 2012, as one part of the America Invents Act.  Prior to its formation, the main judicial body in the USPTO was the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences (BPAI).

Patentability
Within the context of a national or multilateral body of law, an invention is patentable if it meets the relevant legal conditions to be granted a patent. By extension, patentability also refers to the substantive conditions that must be met for a patent to be held valid.
The Mind Robber
The Mind Robber is the second serial of the sixth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in five weekly parts from 14 September to 12 October 1968.

The serial is set outside of time and space in a world where fictional characters and mythological creatures including Medusa, the Minotaur and the Unicorn exist. In the serial, the English fiction writer "the Master" (played by Emrys Jones, and unrelated to the recurring villain "the Master"), aware of his own advancing age, tries to recruit the Second Doctor (Patrick Troughton) to take over his role as the creative power in this realm.

Science fiction on television
Science fiction (Sci-fi) first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality.
Close vowel
A close vowel, also known as a high vowel (in U.S. terminology), is any in a class of vowel sounds used in many spoken languages. The defining characteristic of a close vowel is that the tongue is positioned approximately as close as possible to the roof of the mouth as it can be without creating a constriction. A constriction would produce a sound that would be classified as a consonant.

The term "close" /ˈkloʊs/ is recommended by the International Phonetic Association. Close vowels are often referred to as "high" vowels, as in the Americanist phonetic tradition, because the tongue is positioned high in the mouth during articulation.

In the context of the phonology of any particular language, a high vowel can be any vowel that is more close than a mid vowel. That is, close-mid vowels, near-close vowels, and close vowels can all be considered high vowels.

International Phonetic Association
The International Phonetic Association (IPA; French: Association phonétique internationale [asɔsjɑsjɔ̃ fɔnetik ɛ̃tɛʁnɑsjɔnal], API) is an organization that promotes the scientific study of phonetics and the various practical applications of that science. The IPA's major contribution to phonetics is the International Phonetic Alphabet—a notational standard for the phonetic representation of all languages. The acronym IPA refers to both the association and the alphabet. On 30 June 2015, it was incorporated as a British private company limited by guarantee.

The IPA also oversees the Journal of the International Phonetic Association, published by Cambridge University Press, whose articles include descriptions of languages as well as other topics in phonetics. In addition, it arranges for the quadrennial International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (ICPhS) through its affiliate, the Permanent Council for the Organization of ICPhS.
Eleftherios Goulielmakis
Eleftherios Goulielmakis (Ελευθέριος Γουλιελμάκης) is a Greek physicist specializing in lasers. He is a professor of physics at the University of Rostock, Germany where he currently leads the research activities of the Extreme Photonics  group. Previously, he was the head of the research group "Attoelectronics" at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics in Garching, Germany.

Max Planck Society
The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (German: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.; MPG) is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes. Founded in 1911 as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, it was renamed to the Max Planck Society in 1948 in honor of its former president, theoretical physicist Max Planck. The society is funded by the federal and state governments of Germany.
Piter Wilkens
Piter Wilkens (born August 26, 1959 in Leeuwarden, Netherlands) is a singer, guitarist, composer, lyricist, and producer who performs mainly in his native West Frisian language. His performances are often solo, but he also performs with a back up band.

His repertoire is a traditional ballad and folk styles mixed with rock and pop, typically penned himself.

Wilkens performed with the pioneering Frisian pop band Okke Hel from 1979 until 1986, when he went solo. Besides his touring in the Netherlands, he has toured in the United States, Poland, Lithuania, Germany, Belgium, Austria, France, and Ireland. He has shared a stage with many other performers, including De Kast, Rients Gratama, Gé Reinders and the Noord Nederlands Orkest, as well as collaborating successfully with the Friese Jeugd Brass Band in 2004.

Noord Nederlands Orkest
The Noord Nederlands Orkest (NNO; English, North Netherlands Symphony Orchestra) is a Dutch symphony orchestra based in Groningen. The NNO performs at De Oosterpoort in Groningen  and also on a regular basis at these venues in the provinces of Groningen, Friesland and Drenthe:

Drachten, De Lawei

Emmen, Atlas Theater

Hoogeveen, De Tamboer

Leeuwarden, De Harmonie

Meppel, Schouwburg Ogterop

Stadskanaal, Theater Geert Teis
Chang Yi-hsiung
Chang Yi-hsiung (May 28, 1914 - May 27, 2016), born in Chiayi, Taiwan, was a renowned Taiwanese painter and art educator who resided in Japan and France for many years. In 1987, he became the first Taiwanese artist to be awarded the Artist Pension from the French government. In 2005, he was conferred the Fourth Order of the Brilliant Star by former President Chen Shui-bian. In 2016, President Tsai Ing-wen posthumously bestowed upon him the Order of Brilliant Light with Commendation.

Tokyo University of the Arts
Tokyo University of the Arts (東京藝術大学, Tōkyō Geijutsu Daigaku) or Tokyogeidai (東京芸大) is a school of art and music in Japan. Located in Ueno Park, it also has facilities in Toride, Ibaraki, Yokohama, Kanagawa, and Adachi, Tokyo. The university has trained artists in the fields of painting, sculpture, crafts, inter-media, sound, music composition, traditional instruments, art curation and global arts.