hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maurice Destenay
Maurice Jean Léon Destenay (French: [detənɛ]; 18 February 1900 – 1 September 1973) was a Belgian liberal politician and burgomaster. Destenay was a teacher and pedagogue and became the founder and director of the monthly magazine Action Libérale. He became alderman and burgomaster (1963–1973) in Liege and a member of parliament (1949–1965) in the district of Liege. Between 1954 and 1958, he was President of the Liberal Party.

Burgomaster
Burgomaster (alternatively spelled burgermeister, lit. 'master of the town/borough/fortress/citizens') is the English form of various terms in or derived from Germanic languages for the chief magistrate or executive of a city or town. The name in English was derived from the Dutch burgemeester.

In some cases, burgomaster was the title of the head of state and head of government of a sovereign (or partially or de facto sovereign) city-state, sometimes combined with other titles, such as Hamburg's First Mayor and President of the Senate). Contemporary titles are commonly translated into English as mayor.
Mukojima white-eye
The Mukojima white-eye (Apalopteron familiare familiare), incorrectly known as the Mukojima honeyeater, is the extinct nominate subspecies of the Bonin white-eye (formerly Bonin honeyeater). It occurred on Muko-jima and Nakodo-jima in the northern group of the Ogasawara Islands. The last record were specimens taken in January 1930 on Muko-jima; by then, the bird was already gone from Nakodo-jima. In 1941, the subspecies was found to have gone extinct in the meantime.

Nomination
Nomination is part of the process of selecting a candidate for either election to a public office, or the bestowing of an honor or award. A collection of nominees narrowed from the full list of candidates is a short list.
Halfdan Hertzberg
Major General Halfdan Fenton Harboe Hertzberg CB, CMG, DSO, MC, ADC (3 September 1884 – 21 December 1959) was a Canadian general and Commandant of the Royal Military College of Canada during the Second World War. He also served as Quartermaster General and Adjutant-General for the Canadian Army, narrowly missing the position of Chief of General Staff (CGS).

Quartermaster general
A quartermaster general is the staff officer in charge of supplies for a whole army and is in charge of quartermaster units and personnel, i.e. those tasked with providing supplies for military forces and units.
Patrick J. McDonough
Patrick Joseph "Sonny" McDonough (April 29, 1911 – June 9, 1980) was an American politician who served as a member of the Massachusetts Governor's Council and the Massachusetts House of Representatives.

Massachusetts Governor's Council
The Massachusetts Governor's Council (also known as the Executive Council) is a governmental body that provides advice and consent in certain matters – such as judicial nominations, pardons, and commutations – to the Governor of Massachusetts.  Councillors are elected by the general public and their duties are set forth in the Massachusetts Constitution.

The Governor's Council has gone through many different formations throughout its history, at times being simply a legal counsel, also serving as provincial magistrates and judges, sometimes acting as an executive in the absence of a Governor, to serving as an upper house of the Massachusetts General Court (the state legislature). Whether going by the name of "Council of Assistants" or Governor's Council, the power of the council has ebbed and flowed; however, it has remained a mainstay in New England politics from the earliest colonial days of Massachusetts Bay.
I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series) season 5
The fifth season of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here was commissioned by Network 10 on 10 September 2018. It launched on 13 January 2019 and was hosted by Julia Morris and Chris Brown. The series ended after 33 days on 13 February 2019 and a pre-recorded finale, won by Richard Reid, was aired on 17 February 2019.

Julia Morris
Julia Carolyn Margaret Morris (born 20 April 1968) is an Australian comedian, television presenter, and actress. She has worked extensively in Australian television and radio, touring the country with her solo comedy shows. She relocated to the United Kingdom in 2000, appearing on British television, then returned to Australia in 2007. She currently co-hosts Network 10's I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! Australia alongside Robert Irwin and also narrates Dogs Behaving (Very) Badly Australia.
Becklin–Neugebauer Object
The Becklin–Neugebauer Object (BN) is an object visible only in the infrared in the Orion molecular cloud 1 (OMC1). It was discovered in 1967 by Eric Becklin and Gerry Neugebauer during their near-infrared survey of the Orion Nebula. A faint glow around the center-most stars can be observed in the visible light spectrum, especially with the aid of a telescope.

The BN Object is thought to be an intermediate-mass protostar. It was the first star detected using infrared methods and is deeply embedded within the Orion star-forming nebula, where it is invisible at optical wavelengths because the light is completely scattered or absorbed due to the high density of dusty material.

Near-infrared polarized light observations showed that the star BN is still surrounded by a circumstellar disk.

Circumstellar disc
A circumstellar disc (or circumstellar disk) is a torus-, pancake- or ring-shaped accretion disk of matter composed of gas, dust, planetesimals, asteroids, or collision fragments in orbit around a star. Around the youngest stars, they are the reservoirs of material out of which planets may form. Around mature stars, they indicate that planetesimal formation has taken place, and around white dwarfs, they indicate that planetary material survived the whole of stellar evolution. Such a disc can manifest itself in various ways.
Yang Hyang-ja
Yang Hyang-ja (Korean: 양향자; Hanja: 梁香子; born 4 April 1967) is a South Korean politician and former Samsung executive. She represented Gwangju at the National Assembly between 2020 and 2024. A former member of the Democratic Party, she founded the Hope of Korea party in 2023.

Yang previously served as the president of the National Human Resource Management Institute (NHI) within the Ministry of Personnel Management under President Moon Jae-in from 2018 to 2019. She was the first woman to lead the Institute since the position was founded in the 1960s.

Ministry of Personnel Management
The Ministry of Personnel Management (Korean: 인사혁신처) is an independent organisation under Office of Prime Minister of South Korea responsible for human resource management of the executive branch of the government. It also oversees the government employees' pension which is managed Government Employees Pension Service. It is led by the vice-ministerial-level Minister of Personal Management.

The current Ministry was formed in 2014 and moved to its current headquarters in Sejong City in 2016. Its history can be traced back to 1948 when the Bureau of Personal Management was created under now-Ministry of the Interior and Safety and Presidential Commission on Higher Civil Service Examination.

It has two child agencies both led by vice-ministerial-level heads - National Human Resources Development Institute (NHI) and Appeals Commission.
Hot Loser
Hot Loser is Veal's first album. The album was released in 1996 in Canada.

Critical reception was generally positive. The album received a mixed review from Allmusic's Gary Hill, who wrote, "At their best, they come across as a new version of Camper Van Beethoven or Cracker." Darren Gawle of Drop-D magazine also wrote a mixed review.

In 2023, the album was made available on streaming services, corresponding to a reunion tour for Veal.

Cracker (band)
Cracker is an American rock band formed in 1990 by lead singer David Lowery and guitarist Johnny Hickman. The band's first album Cracker was released in 1992 on Virgin Records; it included the single "Teen Angst (What the World Needs Now)", which went to No. 1 on the U.S. Modern Rock chart. The band's follow-up, the 1993 album Kerosene Hat included the hit songs "Low", "Get Off This" and "Euro-Trash Girl". Cracker has released nine studio albums and several compilations, collaborations, solo projects and live albums. The band mix influences and sounds from rock, punk, grunge, psychedelia, country, blues and folk.
House of Zolotaryov
The House of Zolotaryov (Russian: Дом Золотарёва) is a monument of architecture of the second half of the 19th century in the city of Taganrog of the Rostov Oblast. Locates at the address Italyansky Lane, 20.

Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast (Russian: Росто́вская о́бласть, romanized: Rostovskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of 100,967 square kilometers (38,984 sq mi) and a population of 4,200,729 (2021 Census), making it the sixth most populous federal subject in Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Rostov-on-Don, which also became the administrative center of the Southern Federal District in 2002.
Gustaf Larson
Erik Gustaf Larson (8 July 1887 – 4 July 1968) was a Swedish automotive engineer and the co-founder of Volvo. He held a Master of Science (M.Sc.) degree in mechanical engineering from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm.

Automotive engineering
Automotive engineering, along with aerospace engineering and naval architecture, is a branch of vehicle engineering, incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software, and safety engineering as applied to the design, manufacture and operation of motorcycles, automobiles, and trucks and their respective engineering subsystems. It also includes modification of vehicles. Manufacturing domain deals with the creation and assembling the whole parts of automobiles is also included in it. The automotive engineering field is research intensive and involves direct application of mathematical models and formulas. The study of automotive engineering is to design, develop, fabricate, and test vehicles or vehicle components from the concept stage to production stage. Production, development, and manufacturing are the three major functions in this field.
Ranvika
Ranvika is a cove on the east coast of Peter I Island, in the Bellingshausen Sea off the coast of the Antarctic.

The island was discovered in 1927 by a Norwegian expedition on the SS Odd I commanded by  Eyvind Tofte. The bay may be named after Ranvik, a bay in Norway, the site of the estate of Lars Christensen, sponsor of the expedition.

SS Odd I
Odd I was a 156 GRT Norwegian whaler, launched in 1912 as Dominion II. She was renamed Odd I in 1921 and retained that name until 1963 when she became Annstein, except for a period during World War II when she served as a Vorpostenboot for the German Kriegsmarine under the name Orkan. She was condemned in 1971 and was deleted from the Norwegian Ship Register on 15 March 1971.
S. Hanumantha Rao
Saluri Hanumantha Rao (1917–1980) (Telugu: సాలూరు హనుమంతరావు) was a music composer of South Indian films. He is son of Saluri Sanyasi Raju who was a mridangam player for the concerts of Dwaram Venkataswami Naidu and also a lyricist.

Rao was born in 1917 at Sivaramapuram, near Salur (Vijayanagaram district). He was the elder brother of S. Rajeswara Rao. He started his early life as a student of Dwaram Venkataswami Naidu. He was trained in Carnatic and Hindusthani classical music. He became the music composer for Golla Baama in 1944. He composed music for around 75 movies.

Rao married Raja Mani with whom he had three daughters and one son. Rao died on 27 May 1980.

Mridangam
The mridangam is an ancient percussion instrument originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is a traditional royal instrument originating in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu and is widely used in south Indian classical music, called Carnatic music, especially in its sangeetha kacherees. It is the primary rhythmic accompaniment in a Carnatic music ensemble. In dhrupad, a modified version, the pakhawaj, is the primary percussion instrument. A related instrument is the kendang, played in the Maritime Southeast Asia. It is a complex instrument to tune and involves a lot of mathematics to construct korvais.

During a percussion ensemble, the mridangam is often accompanied by the ghatam, the kanjira, and the morsing.
Rubén G. Rumbaut
Rubén G. Rumbaut is a prominent Cuban-American sociologist and a leading expert on immigration and refugee resettlement in the United States.  He is Distinguished Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Irvine.

American Sociological Association
The American Sociological Association (ASA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing the discipline and profession of sociology. Founded in December 1905 as the American Sociological Society at Johns Hopkins University by a group of fifty people, the first president of the association was Lester Frank Ward. Today, most of its members work in academia, while around 20 percent of them work in government, business, or non-profit organizations.

ASA publishes ten academic journals and magazines, along with four section journals, including the American Sociological Review and Contexts.

The ASA had 9,893 members in 2023, as an association of sociologists even larger than the International Sociological Association. It is composed of researchers, students, college/university faculty, high school faculty, and various practitioners The "American Sociological Association Annual Meeting" is an annual academic conference held by the association consisting of over 4,000 participants.
Emir Işılay
Emir Işılay (born 23 August 1978, in Istanbul, Turkey) is a Turkish jazz and film composer and pianist/keyboardist. He is a graduate of Berklee College of Music and has worked as a music arranger/orchestrator/engineer on projects including TV series Boomtown (NBC) and Eyes (ABC), as well as the feature film Soul Plane (MGM). He also wrote additional music for the WB TV series Aaron Spelling production Summerland for the 1st and 2nd seasons (26 episodes) and Lifetime Television feature production "Murder on Pleasant Drive". He has played performed or worked with artists such as David Foster,  Russell Ferrante, Heitor Pereira, Marco Mendoza, Michael Landau, Simon Phillips, and Jon Finn. He currently resides in Los Angeles, California.

Aaron Spelling
Aaron Spelling (April 22, 1923 – June 23, 2006) was an American film and television producer and occasional actor. His productions included the television series Family (1976–1980); Charlie's Angels (1976–1981); The Love Boat (1977–1986); Hart to Hart (1979–1984); Dynasty (1981–1989); Beverly Hills, 90210 (1990–2000); Melrose Place (1992–1999); 7th Heaven (1996–2007); and Charmed (1998–2006). He also served as producer of The Mod Squad (1968–1973), The Rookies (1972–1976) and Sunset Beach (1997–1999).

Through his production company Spelling Television, Spelling holds the record as the most prolific television producer in American television history, with 218 producer and executive producer credits. Forbes ranked him the 11th-highest-earning deceased celebrity in 2009.
JeffTran
JeffTran is a public transit agency in Jefferson City, Missouri.

It operates six regular fixed bus routes with two transport hubs and on call curb to curb paratransit service during typical weekday business hours. During the school year, JeffTran also provides three afternoon specialty tripper routes for all passengers, but is intended to take high school students on a direct route from a school to a transport hub.

In 2016, JeffTran provided service to 299,408 riders, down from 313,750 riders in 2015.

Live bus tracking is also available through DoubleMap's website and their Android and Apple apps for passengers' convenience.

Academic term
An academic term (or simply term) is a portion of an academic year during which an educational institution holds classes. The schedules adopted vary widely. Common terms such as semester, trimester, and quarter are used to denote terms of specific durations. In most countries, the academic year begins in late summer or early autumn and ends during the following spring or summer.
2020 Gran Piemonte
The 2020 Gran Piemonte was the 104th edition of the Gran Piemonte (known as Giro del Piemonte until 2009) single-day cycling race. It was held on 12 August, over a distance of 187 km, starting in Santo Stefano Belbo and ending in Barolo.

The race was won by George Bennett of Team Jumbo–Visma.

Barolo, Piedmont
Barolo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Cuneo. As of 30 April 2009, it had a population of 750 and an area of 5.6 square kilometres (2.2 sq mi).

Barolo borders the following municipalities: Castiglione Falletto, La Morra, Monforte d'Alba, Narzole, and Novello. Barolo is an important wine-producing area noted for its Barolo wine of the same name, and many wineries such as Poderi Colla have vineyards here.

Barolo is home to the multi-coloured art project The Chapel of Barolo by American artist Sol LeWitt and English artist David Tremlett created in 1999. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). It is also home to the medieval Barolo Castle.

The village and castle of Barolo

View from the castle of Barolo
Kyle Quinlan
Kyle Quinlan (born February 10, 1989) is a former college football quarterback and formerly the co-offensive coordinator for the McMaster Marauders in the Ontario University Athletics conference of U Sports football. He played collegiately with the Marauders of the OUA where he won the Ted Morris Memorial Trophy as the Most Valuable Player in the 47th Vanier Cup, en route to winning the Marauder's first football national championship. In 2012, Quinlan won the Hec Crighton Trophy as the CIS football Most Valuable Player. On April 29, 2013, Quinlan was named the CIS male athlete of the year for 2013.

Ontario University Athletics
Ontario University Athletics (OUA; French: Sports universitaires de l'Ontario) is a regional membership association for Canadian universities which assists in co-ordinating competition between their university level athletic programs and providing contact information, schedules, results, and releases about those programs and events to the public and the media.  This is similar to what would be called a college athletic conference in the United States. OUA, which covers Ontario, is one of four such bodies that are members of the country's governing body for university athletics, U Sports. The other three regional associations coordinating university-level sports in Canada are Atlantic University Sport (AUS), the Canada West Universities Athletic Association (CW), and Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ).

OUA came into being in 1997 with the merger of the Ontario Universities Athletics Association and the Ontario Women's Intercollegiate Athletics Association.
Yoav Sarig
Yoav Sarig (Hebrew: יואב שריג; July 27, 1937 – 2013) was an Israeli scientist, inventor and agricultural engineer. He was an expert in the field of mechanical harvesting of fruit, and is the holder of several patents for mechanical apparatus for the harvesting and processing of jojoba beans, pecan nuts and  pomegranates.

Jojoba
Jojoba (/həˈhoʊbə/ ⓘ; botanical name: Simmondsia chinensis) – also commonly called goat nut, deer nut, pignut, wild hazel, quinine nut, coffeeberry, and gray box bush – is an evergreen, dioecious shrub native to the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Simmondsia chinensis is the sole species of the family Simmondsiaceae, placed in the order Caryophyllales.

Jojoba is grown commercially in its area of origin and in other (semi-)arid regions to produce jojoba oil, a liquid wax ester extracted from its seed. Jojoba oil is highly valued in the cosmetics industry.
Isotopes of bromine
Bromine (35Br) has two stable isotopes, 79Br and 81Br, with nearly equal natural abundance, and 32 known artificial radioisotopes from 68Br to 101Br, the most stable of which is 77Br, with a half-life of 57.04 hours. This is followed by 82Br at 35.282 hours and 76Br at 16.2 hours; the most stable isomer is 80mBr with the half-life of 4.4205 hours.

Like the radioactive isotopes of iodine, radioisotopes of bromine, collectively radiobromine, can be used to label biomolecules for nuclear medicine; for example, the positron emitters 75Br and 76Br can be used for positron emission tomography. Radiobromine has the advantage that organobromides are more stable than analogous organoiodides, and that it is not uptaken by the thyroid like iodine.

Organoiodine chemistry
Organoiodine chemistry is the study of the synthesis and properties of organoiodine compounds, or organoiodides, organic compounds that contain one or more carbon–iodine bonds.  They occur widely in organic chemistry, but are relatively rare in nature.  The thyroxine hormones are organoiodine compounds that are required for health and the reason for government-mandated iodization of salt.
Hamsanadam
Hamsanadam (pronounced hamsanādam) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a pentatonic scale (audava rāgam, which means "of 5"), as it is sung in current days. It is a derived scale (janya rāgam), as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes), from the 60th Melakarta rāgam Neetimati.

Melakarta
Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). Mēḷakartā ragas are parent ragas (hence known as janaka ragas) from which other ragas may be derived. A melakarta raga is sometimes referred as mela, karta or sampurna as well, though the latter usage is inaccurate, as a sampurna raga need not be a melakarta (take the raga Bhairavi, for example).

In Hindustani music the thaat is the rough equivalent of Melakartā. There are 10 thaats in Hindustani music, though the commonly accepted melakarta scheme has 72 ragas.
Scientific dissent
Scientific dissent is dissent from scientific consensus. Disagreements can be useful for finding problems in underlying assumptions, methodologies, and reasoning, as well as for generating and testing new ways of tackling the unknown. In modern times, with the increased role of science on the society and the politicization of science, a new aspect gained prominence: effects of scientific dissent on public policies.

Scientific dissent is distinct from denialism, which is a deliberate rejection of scientific consensus usually for commercial or ideological reasons.

Politicization of science
The politicization of science occurs when government, business, or advocacy groups use legal or economic pressure to influence the findings of scientific research or the way it is disseminated, reported or interpreted. As a means to political gains, the politicization of science is generally regarded as detrimental to scientific integrity and may also negatively affect academic and scientific freedom, which is why mixing politics with science is considered taboo. Historically, groups have conducted various campaigns to promote their interests, many times in defiance of scientific consensus, and in an effort to manipulate public policy.