hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hamus (archaea)
Archaea, one of the three domains of life, are a highly diverse group of prokaryotes that include a number of extremophiles. One of these extremophiles has given rise to a highly complex new appendage known as the hamus (pl.: hami). In contrast to the well-studied prokaryotic appendages pili and fimbriae, much is yet to be discovered about archaeal appendage such as hami. Appendages serve multiple functions for cells and are often involved in attachment, horizontal conjugation, and movement. The unique appendage was discovered at the same time as the unique community of archaea that produces them. Research into the structure of hami suggests their main function aids in attachment and biofilm formation. This is accomplished due to their evenly placed prickles, helical structure, and barbed end. These appendages are heat and acid resistant, aiding in the cell's ability to live in extreme environments.

Extremophile
An extremophile (from Latin  extremus 'extreme' and Ancient Greek  φιλία (philía) 'love') is an organism that is able to live (or in some cases thrive) in extreme environments, i.e., environments with conditions approaching or stretching the limits of what known life can adapt to, such as extreme temperature, pressure, radiation, salinity, or pH level.

Since the definition of an extreme environment is relative to an arbitrarily defined standard, often an anthropocentric one, these organisms can be considered ecologically dominant in the evolutionary history of the planet. Extremophiles have continued to thrive in the most extreme conditions, making them one of the most abundant lifeforms. The study of extremophiles has expanded human knowledge of the limits of life, and informs speculation about extraterrestrial life. Extremophiles are also of interest because of their potential for bioremediation of environments made hazardous to humans due to pollution or contamination.
Mattha
Mattha (Bhojpuri: 𑂧𑂰𑂘𑂰, romanized: Māthā, Bengali: মাঠা, romanized: Māṭhā, Hindi: मट्ठा, romanized: Maṭṭhā) is a beverage that originates from the Indian subcontinent. It is made from dahi (yogurt) or buttermilk mixed with spices and sugar. Plain buttermilk is also called Mattha in the Indian states of Bihar, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Bangladesh  Ingredients added to buttermilk to make mattha may include mint, roasted cumin seeds, asafoetida, curry leaves, salt and sugar.

Mattha may also be smoked before serving for flavour. It is generally served before or after a meal, though it can also be consumed with the meal, and it is thought to help with digestion. Mattha is similar to Chaas, which is also called chhanch or ghol, but spicier and is known as Mohi in Nepal.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
Kampp 150
Kampp 150 is an ancient Egyptian tomb located in the Dra' Abu el-Naga' necropolis in Thebes. Based on a cartouche inscription, it probably dates back to the reign of Thutmose I of the Eighteenth Dynasty.

Necropolis
A necropolis (pl.: necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek νεκρόπολις nekropolis (lit. 'city of the dead').

The term usually implies a separate burial site at a distance from a city, as opposed to tombs within cities, which were common in various places and periods of history. They are different from grave fields, which did not have structures or markers above the ground. While the word is most commonly used for ancient sites, the name was revived in the early 19th century and applied to planned city cemeteries, such as the Glasgow Necropolis.
Rosa Rebimbas
Rosa C. Rebimbas is an American politician and judge, currently serving on the Naugatuck Probate Court with jurisdiction over the towns of Naugatuck, Beacon Falls, Middlebury, and Prospect.

She previously served as a Republican member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from 2009 to 2023, representing the 70th District around Naugatuck just south of Waterbury. She is the owner/sole proprietor of The Law Offices of Rosa C. Rebimbas, a general law firm in Naugatuck, Connecticut.

Middlebury, Connecticut
Middlebury is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 7,574 at the 2020 census. The town is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. It is a suburb of the nearby city of Waterbury to its south, and is on the northern fringe of the New York metropolitan area.
Kotri Barrage
Kotri Barrage, also known as the Ghulam Muhammad Barrage, is a barrage on the Indus River between Jamshoro and Hyderabad in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The barrage was completed in 1955 and inaugurated by Ghulam Muhammad, then governor-general of Pakistan. It is used to control water flow in the Indus for irrigation and flood control purposes.

It has a discharge capacity of 24,800 cubic metres per second (875,000 cu ft/s). It is a gate-controlled weir type barrage with a navigation lock. The barrage has 44 bays, each 18 metres (60 ft) wide. The maximum flood level height of Kotri Barrage is 13.1 metres (43.1 ft). It feeds Fulleli, Pinyari, and Kalri Baghar canals.

Jamshoro
Jamshoro (Sindhi: ڄام شورو, Urdu: جامشورو) is a city and the capital of Jamshoro District, in Sindh, Pakistan. It is on the right bank of the Indus River, approximately 18 km (11 mi) northwest of Hyderabad and 150 km (93 mi) northeast of the provincial capital of Sindh, Karachi.

This city is popularly known as Education City. Four major universities of Sindh are located in the vicinity of this city.
Langweer
Langweer (West Frisian: Langwar) is a village in Friesland in the municipality De Fryske Marren. The town was established in 1256, and has a population of 1,105 (as of 2017).
Langweer has a rich trading history, and it is located at a small lake (Langweerderwielen).

West Frisian language
West Frisian (Westerlauwersk Frysk; Dutch: Westerlauwers Fries), or simply Frisian (Frysk [frisk]; Dutch: Fries [fris]), is a West Germanic language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland (Fryslân) in the north of the Netherlands, mostly by those of Frisian ancestry. It is the most widely spoken of the Frisian languages.

In the study of the evolution of English, West Frisian is notable as being the most closely related foreign tongue to the various dialects of Old English spoken across the Heptarchy, these being part of the Anglo-Frisian branch of the West Germanic family.
Tipulidae
Tipulidae is a family of large crane flies in the order Diptera. There are more than 30 genera and 4,200 described species in Tipulidae, common and widespread throughout the world.

A crane fly can be identified as a member of Tipulidae by its maxillary palps, which is the pair of appendages that hang down from the front of its head. If the fourth segment (the furthest from the body) of the maxillary palp is longer than the other three combined, then it is likely to be a member of Tipulidae. There are also usually 13 segments in the antennae of large crane flies, compared to 14 or 16 in the common  limoniid crane flies.

The oldest fossils that can be assigned confidently to Tipulidae sensu stricto are those of the genus Tipunia, which date to the Late Jurassic.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
QI (Dutch TV series)
QI is a Dutch panel show, which aired on the television network VARA from December 2008, based on the QI UK format. The show only lasted the first season with six episodes broadcast, and ended on 31 January 2009. The show was hosted by Arthur Japin, with Thomas van Luyn as a permanent panelist.

Arthur Japin
Arthur Valentijn Japin (b. Haarlem, 26 July 1956) is a Dutch novelist. He has won almost every prestigious prize in Dutch literature, including the Libris Prize for his 2005 novel Een Schitterend Gebrek.
Anatole Thomas
Anatole Winston Thomas (born 26 March 1970) is a former English cricketer.  Thomas was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast.  He was born in Hammersmith, London.

Thomas made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 1993 Minor Counties Championship against Suffolk.  Thomas played Minor counties cricket for Buckinghamshire from 1996 to 2006, which included 27 Minor Counties Championship matches and 8 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1998, he made his List A debut against Surrey in the NatWest Trophy.  He played three further List A matches for Buckinghamshire, the last coming against Lancashire in 2005 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. In his four List A matches, he scored 20 runs at a batting average of 10.00, with a high score of 9. With the ball he took 5 wickets at a bowling average of 38.40, with best figures of 3/47.

He also played Second XI cricket for the Essex Second XI, the Leicestershire Second XI and the Middlesex Second XI.

Suffolk County Cricket Club
Suffolk County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Suffolk.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Suffolk played List A matches occasionally from 1966 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
First Serbian–Ottoman War
The First Serbian–Ottoman War (Serbian: Први српско-турски рат, romanized: Prvi srpsko-turski rat), was a military conflict fought by the Principality of Serbia against the Ottoman Empire. Serbia declared war on the Ottoman Empire on 30 June 1876, during the Herzegovina Uprising. A Serbian south- and westward offensive was repulsed by Ottoman troops after just three weeks of fighting, upon which Turkey then invaded Serbia proper. Eastern Serbia was quickly occupied, but on the southern front the Serbian army successfully stopped the Ottoman advance, defending the fortified positions around Aleksinac for more than two months.

The Russian Empire brokered a ceasefire in autumn of 1876 by threatening military intervention, and the European Great Powers then organized the Constantinople Conference to settle the war and wider issues in the Balkans. Peace was signed on 28 February 1877 on the basis of status quo ante bellum.

Status quo ante bellum
Status quo ante bellum is a Latin phrase meaning 'the situation as it existed before the war'.
The term was originally used in treaties to refer to the withdrawal of enemy troops and the restoration of prewar leadership. When used as such, it means that no side gains or loses any territorial, economic, or political rights. This contrasts with uti possidetis, where each side retains whatever territory and other property it holds at the end of the war.
Azaleatin
Azaleatin is a chemical compound. It is an O-methylated flavonol, a type of flavonoid. It was first isolated from the flowers of Rhododendron mucronatum in 1956 and has since been recorded in 44 other Rhododendron species, in Plumbago capensis, in Ceratostigma willmottiana and in Carya pecan. It has also been found in the leaves of Eucryphia.

Plumbago auriculata
Plumbago auriculata, the Cape leadwort, blue plumbago or Cape plumbago, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae, native to South Africa and Mozambique.

The specific epithet auriculata means "with ears", referring to the shape of the leaves., leaf venation - reticulate.
Office Party
Office Party, also known as Hostile Takeover in some releases, is a Canadian thriller film directed by George Mihalka and released in 1988. An adaptation of Michael A. Gilbert's 1981 crime novel Office Party, the film stars David Warner as Eugene Brackin, a repressed accountant who suddenly takes three of his coworkers hostage with no apparent motive or demands.

The film also stars Michael Ironside, Kate Vernon and Jayne Eastwood as the hostages.

Billy Bryans and Aaron Davis received a Genie Award nomination for Best Original Score at the 10th Genie Awards.

Genie Awards
The Genie Awards were given out annually by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to recognize the best of Canadian cinema from 1980–2012. They succeeded the Canadian Film Awards (1949–1978). In 2013, the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its sister presentation for television, the Gemini Awards, to form the Canadian Screen Awards.

Genie Award candidates were selected from submissions made by the owners of Canadian films or their representatives, based on the criteria laid out in the Genie Rules and Regulations booklet which were distributed to Academy members and industry members. Peer-group juries, assembled from volunteer members of the Academy, met to watch the submissions and select a group of nominees. Academy members then voted on these nominations.
Sima (Chinese surname)
Sima ([sɹ̩́mà], simplified Chinese: 司马; traditional Chinese: 司馬; pinyin: Sīmǎ; Wade–Giles: Ssu-ma) is a Chinese family name. It is one of the rare two-character Chinese family names; most Chinese family names consist of only a single character. It is an occupational surname, literally meaning "control" (sī) "horses" (mǎ), or "horse officer". The family name originated from one of the offices of the Zhou dynasty.

Sima Ang
Sima Ang (died 205 BC) was the ruler of the Kingdom of Yin (殷國) of the Eighteen Kingdoms during the Chu–Han Contention, an interregnum between the Qin and Han dynasties of China.

Sima Ang originally served under the insurgent Zhao kingdom which emerged during the rebellions to overthrow the Qin dynasty in its final years. After the fall of the Qin dynasty in 206 BC, the former Qin Empire was divided into the Eighteen Kingdoms and Sima Ang was made the King of Yin, which covered parts of present-day northern Henan and southern Hebei provinces and capital at Zhaoge (present-day Qi County, Henan)

In 205 BC, Han Xin conquered the Kingdom of Yin for the Han dynasty and captured Sima Ang, who surrendered to Liu Bang, the founding emperor of the Han dynasty. The former Kingdom of Yin became the Henei Commandery of the Han Empire. Sima Ang died a month later at the Battle of Pengcheng between Liu Bang and his rival Xiang Yu.

Sima Ang's descendants founded the Jin dynasty (266–420).
Constitution (Amendment No. 2) Act 1927
The Constitution (Amendment No. 2) Act 1927 (previously bill no. 34 of 1926) was an Act amending the Constitution of the Irish Free State which had been adopted in 1922. It amended Article 21 of the constitution to provide for the automatic re-election of the Ceann Comhairle of Dáil Éireann.

This provision was replicated in Article 16.6 of the Constitution of Ireland adopted in 1937.

The Act became obsolete on the repeal of the 1922 Constitution in 1937, and was repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 2016.

Statute Law Revision Act 2016
The Statute Law Revision Act 2016 is a Statute Law Revision Act enacted by the Oireachtas in Ireland to review Acts of the Oireachtas passed from 1922 to 1950. It also amended the Statute Law Revision Act 2007 to revive the incorporation Act of the Association for Promoting Christian Knowledge, which was accidentally repealed the Statute Law Revision Act 2007. The Act is part of the Statute Law Revision Programme which has also seen the enactment of statute law revision legislation between 2005 and 2016.
Jose Slaughter
Jose Dan Slaughter (born September 9, 1960) is an American former basketball player. He was a 6'5" 220 lb (100 kg) shooting guard and attended the University of Portland.

Slaughter played for the NBA's Indiana Pacers during the 1982-83 season, averaging 5.7 points and 1.9 rebounds per game. He was originally selected by the Pacers with the 20th pick in the second round (43rd overall) of the 1982 NBA draft.

Slaughter played in the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) for the Wisconsin Flyers, Rochester Flyers, Rockford Lightning, Quad City Thunder, Albany Patroons and Yakima SunKings from 1983 to 1992. He was selected to the All-CBA First Team in 1985, All-Defensive First Team in 1985 and All-Defensive Second Team in 1984.

Wisconsin Flyers
The Wisconsin Flyers were a professional basketball team based in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States. They were members of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) from 1982 to 1987. The team relocated to Rochester, Minnesota at the conclusion of the 1986–87 season.
Te Amo Mi Amor
"Te Amo Mi Amor" (English: I Love You My Love) is a song by German singer Sarah Lombardi. Written by Philippe Heithier and produced by Heithier  and Innocent Ray, it was released on 15 May 2020 by Ariola Records as the lead single from Lombardi's upcoming fifth studio album Im Augenblick (2021). "Te Amo Mi Amor" served as Italy's entry for the Free European Song Contest 2020. On 16 May 2020, it finished 13th (out of 16) in the final voting, having earned a total of 37 points. On the charts, it reached number 11 on the German Singles Chart.

Free European Song Contest 2020
The Free European Song Contest 2020 was the first edition of the Free European Song Contest, organised by the German television network ProSieben and the production company Brainpool TV. It served as an alternative for the Eurovision Song Contest 2020, which was planned to be held in Rotterdam, Netherlands, but was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The show was broadcast on 16 May 2020 at 20:15 CEST on the television channel ProSieben. It was presented by Steven Gätjen and Conchita Wurst. It was also broadcast on the Austrian private television broadcaster Puls 24 with commentary by Tamara Mascara, Dori Bauer and Patrick Fux. ProSieben Austria and ProSieben Schweiz also took the live feed.
Renewing Romania's European Project
Renewing Romania's European Project (Romanian: Reînnoim Proiectul European al României, REPER) is a political party in Romania. It is a splinter of the Save Romania Union (USR) and is currently led by president Camelia Sălcudean. The party was founded in May 2022, in opposition to USR's leadership under Cătălin Drulă. The party is mostly associated with former technocratic Prime Minister and former USR president Dacian Cioloș, who founded the party. On 7 May 2023, Dragoș Pîslaru and Ramona Strugariu were voted co-presidents at the latest congress of the party.

Dan Barna
Dan Barna (Romanian pronunciation: [dan ˈbarna]; born 10 July 1975) is a Romanian politician and lawyer. He served as the president of the Save Romania Union (USR), and as co-president of USR-PLUS until 1 October 2021. He was elected a member of the Chamber of Deputies in 2016.
2008 Czech Senate election
Senate elections were held in the Czech Republic on 17 and 18 October 2008, with a second round on 24 and 25 October 2008, electing one-third of the members of the Senate. A total of 200 candidates contested the 27 seats, and more than two-thirds of the incumbents ran for another term – only seven retired.

Governing parties (ODS and KDU-CSL; the Greens had no open seats) suffered massive losses – only 3 candidates (all ODS) were elected. The Opposition Czech Social Democratic Party won the election with 23 out of the 27 seats contested. The Civic Democratic Party lost its majority in the Senate (which was used to delay ratification of the Lisbon Treaty in the Czech Republic).

Senate of the Czech Republic
The Senate (Czech: Senát Parlamentu České republiky, lit. 'Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic') is the upper house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The seat of the Senate is Wallenstein Palace in Prague.
Don't Expect Me to Be Your Friend
"Don't Expect Me to Be Your Friend" is a song written and recorded by American singer Lobo that appears on his album Of a Simple Man. Released in 1972, the single peaked at No. 8 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and was his third of four songs to top the Billboard Easy Listening chart, where it had a two-week stay at No. 1. Internationally, it peaked at No. 4 in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand.

Of a Simple Man
Of a Simple Man is the second album by Lobo, released in 1972 on Big Tree Records.

It is Lobo's most popular album, peaking at #37 on the US Top LP chart. Two of its singles were Top 10 hits on the Billboard Hot 100 and chart toppers on the Easy Listening chart.
Antoine Wiertz
Antoine Joseph Wiertz (22 February 1806 – 18 June 1865) was a Belgian painter, sculptor, lithographer and art writer. He is known for his religious, historical, allegorical works, and portraits. An eccentric figure, he was originally much influenced by the works of Peter Paul Rubens and Michelangelo. Some of his works are erotic and macabre and presage Belgian Symbolism. While snubbed by contemporary art critics, he enjoyed the support of the new Belgian state, which, in return for his paintings, assisted him in building his personal studio and home in Brussels (now the Wiertz Museum), where the artist worked on his art and writings as a recluse.

Ixelles
Ixelles (French, pronounced [iksɛl] ⓘ) or Elsene (Dutch, pronounced [ˈɛlsənə] ⓘ) is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located to the south-east of Brussels' city centre, it is geographically bisected by the City of Brussels. It is also bordered by the municipalities of Auderghem, Etterbeek, Forest, Uccle, Saint-Gilles and Watermael-Boitsfort.

As of 1 January 2023, the municipality had a population of 88,521 inhabitants. The total area is 6.41 km2 (2.47 sq mi), which gives a population density of 13,807/km2 (35,760/sq mi). In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch). It is generally considered an affluent area of the region, and is particularly noted for its communities of European and Congolese immigrants.
John A. Treutlen
John Adam Treutlen, born Hans Adam Treuettlen (January 16, 1734 – March 1, 1782) was a German-born politician and businessman who served as the first elected governor of Georgia, from 1777 to 1778. He was a leader in Georgia during the American Revolution and helped write Georgia's first constitution. He arrived in Colonial America as an indentured servant and rose to become a wealthy merchant and landowner. He became a member of the Georgia House of Representatives, serving in 1782 until his assassination.

Governor of Georgia
The governor of Georgia is the head of government of Georgia and the commander-in-chief of the state's National Guard, when not in federal service, and State Defense Force. The governor also has a duty to enforce state laws, the power to either veto or approve bills passed by the Georgia Legislature, and the power to convene the legislature into special session. The current governor is Republican Brian Kemp, who assumed office on January 14, 2019.