hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Riqueval Tunnel
The Riqueval Tunnel is a 5,670 metres (3.52 mi)-long tunnel on the St. Quentin Canal, close to the commune of Bellicourt, in the department of Aisne, France. It connects Bellicourt with Bony. It was constructed as part of the St Quentin Canal between 1801 and 1810, on the orders of Napoleon.

The tunnel remains in use, and can be traversed using a chain boat. Along with the Mauvages tunnel, on the Marne–Rhine Canal, it is one of the last locations in the world where a system of chain towing is still in operation.

It was the longest tunnel in the world until the construction of Biassa II tunnel, La Spezia, Italy.

Tunnel of Mauvages
The Tunnel of Mauvages is a river tunnel on the Marne–Rhine Canal. It is 4,877 meters long and was built from 1841 to 1846 near the city of Mauvages, Meuse department. The tunnel is equipped with a bipolar 600 volt overhead wire for electric vessels .
Milan Havel
Milan Havel (born 7 August 1994) is a Czech professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bohemians 1905 and the Czech Republic national team.

On 24 August 2021, Havel received his first call-up by coach Jaroslav Šilhavý for the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification against Belarus and Belgium, as well as Ukraine. He debuted in the latter match on 8 September 2021 that ended in a 1–1 draw.

Belarus national football team
The Belarus national football team (Belarusian: Зборная Беларусі па футболе, romanized: Zbornaja Biełarusi pa futbole; Russian: Сборная Беларуси по футболу, romanized: Sbornaya Belarusi po futbolu) represents Belarus in men's international football, and is controlled by the Football Federation of Belarus, the governing body for football in Belarus. Belarus' home ground is Dinamo Stadium in Minsk. Since independence in 1991, Belarus has not yet qualified for a FIFA World Cup or UEFA European Championship.
Pete Riehlman
Peter Houck Riehlman (December 10, 1933 – June 6, 2013) was an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at California State University, Chico from 1968 to 1973 and at Weber State University from 1977 to 1980, compiling a career college football coaching record of 56–48. Riehlman played college football for head coach Jack Curtice at the University of Utah as a tackle in 1954 and 1955, before graduating in 1956. He served as the freshman line coach at his alma mater in the fall of 1956. Riehlman was the head football coach at San Lorenzo High School in San Lorenzo, California from 1959 to 1962, before moving to University of California, Santa Barbara to work as an assistant for Curtice.

San Lorenzo, California
San Lorenzo (Spanish for "Saint Laurence") is a census-designated place (CDP) located in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area in Alameda County, California, United States. The population was 29,581 at the 2020 census. It is an unincorporated community, located at the banks of San Lorenzo Creek. It was originally named Squattersville in 1851, but later renamed to San Lorenzo.

In 1944, under contract to the U.S. Navy, The David D. Bohannon Company began construction of San Lorenzo Village, which was one of the nation's first planned communities, with parcels designated for schools, churches, parks, and several retail centers. Bohannon's pioneering pre-cutting techniques, referred to as the "California method," were used in later developments, such as the more famous Levittown, Pennsylvania.
Kim Jinsook
Kim Jinsook (Korean: 김진숙; Hanja: 金珍淑; born 1960) is a South Korean bureaucrat currently serving as the President of Korea Expressway Corporation and previously served as the Administrator of National Agency for Administrative City Construction under President Moon Jae-in. She is the first woman to lead the Agency since it was first founded in 2006, assume a vice-ministerial-level post at Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport and govern Korea Expressway Corporation respectively.

Kim first entered into public service in 1988 through the technology exam and held various positions - mostly in relations to construction - at now-Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Before appointed to the Administrator, she served as the Vice Administrator of the Agency from September 2017.

Kim holds Bachelor of Architecture from Inha University and master's degree in Urban and Regional Planning from University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Inha University
Inha University (Korean: 인하대학교; Hanja: 仁荷大學校) is a private research university located in Incheon, South Korea. Known traditionally for research and education in the engineering and physical sciences, the university was established by the first president of South Korea, Syngman Rhee. Inha is a Korean-American collaboration school, even in its name: the Morpheme "In" (인, 仁) comes from the city of Incheon and "Ha" (하, 荷) from Hawaii, USA. Started as a polytechnic university in 1954, named Inha Institute of Technology (Acronym: IIT; Korean, 인하공과대학, Inha Gonggwa Daehak, colloquially Inhagongdae), the institute has been achieving national recognition and a strong reputation as a technological research university thereafter.

Inha University is the most well-known and #1 university in Incheon area. Inha was ranked top 10 nationwide through decades according to Joongang Ilbo's annual rankings of South Korean universities; ranked 8th in 2017. Also, Inha is a member of GU8.
Albany (1903 automobile)
The Albany was a British car made in London from 1903 to 1905. Albany Manufacturing Co. Ltd made both petrol and steam cars, the steamers designed by Frederick Lamplough, who had originally built a shaft-driven steamer in 1896. Better known as the Lamplough-Albany, it sported two engines coupled by cranks at right angles and a super-heated coil-type generator. It could be steered either by wheel or tiller, and it appeared much like a petroleum-fueled car. It was offered for a single model year, 1903, while the petrol vehicles, one a 10 hp (7.5 kW) single-cylinder and the other a 16 hp 2-cylinder, lasted for three. After the middle of 1905, Albany shifted its attention to selling Talbots and manufacturing parts.

Tiller
A tiller or till is a lever used to steer a vehicle. The mechanism is primarily used in watercraft, where it is attached to an outboard motor, rudder post or stock to provide leverage in the form of torque for the helmsman to turn the rudder. A tiller may also be used in vehicles outside of water, and was seen in early automobiles. On vessels, a tiller can be used by the helmsman directly pulling or pushing it, but it may also be moved remotely using tiller lines or a ship's wheel. Rapid or excessive movement of the tiller results in an increase in drag and will result in braking or slowing the boat.
Hydroalkoxylation
Hydroalkoxylation is a chemical reaction that combines alcohols with alkenes or alkynes. The process affords ethers.

The reaction converts alkenes to dialkyl or aryl-alkyl ethers:

R'OH + RCH=CH2 → R'OCH(R)-CH3

Similarly, alkynes are converted to vinyl ethers:

R'OH + RC≡CH → R'OC(R)=CH2

As shown, the reaction follows the Markovnikov rule. The process exhibits good atom-economy in the sense that no byproducts are produced. The reaction is catalyzed by bases and also by transition metal complexes. Usually symmetrical ethers are prepared by dehydration of alcohols and unsymmetrical ethers by the Williamson ether synthesis from alkyl halides and alkali metal alkoxides.

Williamson ether synthesis
The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction,  forming an ether from an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol (alkoxide). This reaction was developed by Alexander Williamson in 1850. Typically it involves the reaction of an alkoxide ion with a primary alkyl halide via an SN2 reaction. This reaction is important in the history of organic chemistry because it helped prove the structure of ethers.

The general reaction mechanism is as follows:

An example is the reaction of sodium ethoxide with chloroethane to form diethyl ether and sodium chloride:

C2H5Cl + C2H5ONa  →  C2H5OC2H5 + NaCl
Melinda Chan
Melinda Chan Mei Yi (Chinese: 陳美儀; born 10 March 1965 in Macau) is a member of the Legislative Assembly of Macau. She ran for Legislative Assembly in the 2009 legislative election. She is a member of Alliance for Change a pan-establishment party in Macau.

Legislative Assembly of Macau
The Legislative Assembly of the Macao Special Administrative Region is the organ of the legislative branch of Macau. It follows China's one country, two systems constitutional arrangement, and is the power centre of Macau's hybrid representative democracy.

It is a 33-member body comprising 14 directly elected members, 12 indirectly elected members representing functional constituencies and 7 members appointed by the chief executive. It is located at Sé.

The functions of the Legislative Assembly are to enact, amend or repeal laws; examine and approve budgets, taxation and public expenditure; and raise questions on the work of the government. In addition, the Legislative Assembly has the power to endorse the appointment and removal of the judges of the Macau Court of Final Appeal and the Chief Judge of the High Court, as well as the power to impeach the Chief Executive of Macau.
Mahsa Kadkhoda
Mahsa Kadkhoda (Persian: مهسا کدخدا; born 22 June 1993 in Birjand) is an Iranian volleyball player who plays for the Iran women's national volleyball team.
She has played for Bank Sarmayeh and Peykan Tehran and is also a runner-up in the Iranian Premier League. She is the first player from South Khorasan to play in the national women's volleyball team.
Kadkhoda is a graduate of Physical Education and Master of Physiology who became a member of the national team in 2007 and was sent to world competitions in 2010 as the captain of the Iranian national youth team. Together with Persepolis Club, she has won the third place in the Asian Volleyball Championship. She was runner-up with the national team of the Hungarian international tournament Szeles Peter and Mahsa Kadkhoda was selected as the best spiker of the tournament.

Persian Gulf Pro League
The Persian Gulf Pro League (Persian: لیگ برتر خلیج فارس, Lig-e Bartar-e Xalij-e Fârs), formerly known as the Iran Pro League (Persian: لیگ برتر ایران, Lig-e bartar-e Irân), is a professional association football league in Iran and the highest level of the Iranian football league system. It is controlled by the FFIRI and is contested by 16 teams over a 30-matchday period.

Each year, its top team becomes the Iranian football champion, and the two lowest finishers are relegated to the Azadegan League.

Since 2013, the league comprises 16 teams. The winner of the Persian Gulf Pro League along with the Hazfi Cup champion automatically qualify for the AFC Champions League Elite group stages. The third of the Persian Gulf Pro League is qualified for the AFC Champions League Elite Play-off round. The bottom two teams in the league are relegated to Azadegan League. In the past, the format and number of teams were changed for various times.
1975 12 Hours of Sebring
The Sebring '75 Twelve Hours of Endurance, was the second round of the 1975 IMSA GT Championship and was held at the Sebring International Raceway on March 21, 1975. Victory overall went to the No. 25 BMW Motorsport BMW 3.0 CSL driven by British driver Brian Redman, Canadian born Australian Allan Moffat, American Sam Posey, and West German Hans-Joachim Stuck.

Sebring International Raceway
Sebring International Raceway is a road course auto racing facility in the southeastern United States, located near Sebring, Florida.

Sebring Raceway is one of the oldest continuously operating race tracks in the U.S., its first race being run in 1950. Sebring is one of the classic race tracks in North American sports car racing, and plays host to the 12 Hours of Sebring.

The raceway occupies a portion of Sebring Regional Airport (an active airport for private and commercial traffic that was originally built as Hendricks Army Airfield, which was a World War II training base for the United States Army Air Forces).
Ionic strength
The ionic strength of a solution is a measure of the concentration of ions in that solution. Ionic compounds, when dissolved in water, dissociate into ions. The total electrolyte concentration in solution will affect important properties such as the dissociation constant or the solubility of different salts. One of the main characteristics of a solution with dissolved ions is the ionic strength. Ionic strength can be molar (mol/L solution) or molal (mol/kg solvent) and to avoid confusion the units should be stated explicitly. The concept of ionic strength was first introduced by Lewis and Randall in 1921 while describing the activity coefficients of strong electrolytes.

Strong electrolyte
In chemistry, a strong electrolyte is a solute that completely, or almost completely, ionizes or dissociates in a solution.  These ions are good conductors of electric current in the solution.

Originally, a "strong electrolyte" was defined as a chemical compound that, when in aqueous solution, is a good conductor of electricity. With a greater understanding of the properties of ions in solution, its definition was replaced by the present one.

A concentrated solution of this strong electrolyte has a lower vapor pressure than that of pure water at the same temperature. Strong acids, strong bases and soluble ionic salts that are not weak acids or weak bases are strong electrolytes.
Samuel W. Salus
Samuel Weider Salus (August 31, 1872 – December 29, 1945) was an American lawyer and politician.

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Salus graduated from Central High School in 1891. In 1895, Salus graduated from University of Pennsylvania Law School. He practiced law in Philadelphia and was involved with the Republican Party. In 1902 and 1903, Salus served on the Philadelphia City Council. He served as an assistant district for Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania from 1904 to 1907. From 1911 to 1938, Salus served in the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 2nd district from 1911 to 1937 and served as president pro tempore of the state senate from 1925 to 1938. Then, from 1903 to 1905, 1909 to 1911, and from 1943 until his death in 1945, Salus served in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Salus died in Philadelphia at his home after being ill for three months.

Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia County is the most populous of the 67 counties of Pennsylvania and the 24th-most populous county in the nation. As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 1,603,797. It is coextensive with Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-largest city. The county is part of the Southeast Pennsylvania region of the state.

Philadelphia County is one of the three original counties, along with Chester and Bucks counties, founded by William Penn in November 1682. Since 1854, the county has been coextensive with the City of Philadelphia, which is also its county seat. Philadelphia County is the core county in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington Combined Statistical Area (PA-NJ-DE-MD, located along the lower Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers, within the Northeast megalopolis).

Philadelphia County is the Delaware Valley's economic and cultural anchor and the ninth-largest combined statistical area in the nation with an estimated population of 7,381,180 as of 2022.
Deshamanya
Deshamanya (Sinhala: දේශමාන්‍ය, romanized: Dēshamāṉya; Tamil: தேசமான்ய, romanized: Tēcamāṉya; "Pride of the Nation") is the second-highest national honour of Sri Lanka awarded by the Government of Sri Lanka as a civil honour. It is awarded for "highly meritorious service", and is conventionally used as a title or prefix to the recipient's name.

Attorney General of Sri Lanka
The attorney general of Sri Lanka is the Sri Lankan government's chief legal adviser, and its primary lawyer in the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka. The attorney general is usually a highly respected senior advocate, and is appointed by the ruling government. The current attorney general is Parinda Ranasinghe Jnr. The president does not have any power to make orders, mandatory or otherwise, to the attorney general. He heads the Attorney General's Department which is the public prosecutor.

Unlike the attorney general of the United States, the attorney general of Sri Lanka does not have any executive authority and is not a political appointee; those functions are performed by the minister of justice. The attorney general is assisted by the solicitor general of Sri Lanka and several additional solicitors general.
On the Road (Czech TV series)
On the Road (Czech: "Na cestě") is a documentary travelogue series on Czech Television. On The Road is produced by FRMOL production www.frmol.com. Since 2006, Czech Television has broadcast more than 500 episodes of the programme. Movies of the series cover the lifestyle, habits and the typical features of the regions around the world. Each episode takes 26 minutes and is presented by the voices of Czech actors Jiří Bartoška and Miroslav Donutil.

Jiří Bartoška
Jiří Bartoška (24 March 1947 – 8 May 2025) was a Czech theatre, television, and film actor and president of the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival. His most notable film roles include performances in Sekal Has to Die (1998), All My Loved Ones (1999), and Tiger Theory (2016), as well as the television series Sanitka (1984) and Neviditelní (2014).
Qualia Fest
Qualia Fest is a music festival founded by philosopher Richard Brown where various bands composed of philosophers of mind and neuroscientists perform music about consciousness and qualia.

Among the prominent scientists who have performed at Qualia Fest are David Chalmers and his Zombie Blues band, and The Amygdaloids, which is composed of Joseph E. LeDoux, Tyler Volk, Daniela Schiller, and Nina Curley. Other bands, who performed at Qualia Fest are The Whims, Quiet Karate Reflex, and The Space Clamps.

Daniela Schiller
Daniela Schiller (Hebrew: דניאלה שילר; born October 26, 1972, in Israel) is a neuroscientist who leads the Affective Neuroscience Lab at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. She is best known for her work on memory reconsolidation, and on modification of emotional learning and memory.
East Side of Heaven
East Side of Heaven is a 1939 American musical film directed by David Butler and written by William M. Conselman and James V. Kern. The film stars Bing Crosby, Joan Blondell, Mischa Auer, Irene Hervey, C. Aubrey Smith, Robert Kent and Jerome Cowan. Filming took place in Hollywood from January 13 to March 7, 1939. The film was released on April 7, 1939, by Universal Pictures and had its New York premiere at Radio City Music Hall on May 4, 1939. This was another independent production in which Crosby had a financial interest.

C. Aubrey Smith
Sir Charles Aubrey Smith (21 July 1863 – 20 December 1948) was an English test cricketer and actor of stage and screen. During his acting career, he acquired a niche as the officer-and-gentleman type, as in the first sound version of The Prisoner of Zenda (1937). In Hollywood, he organised British actors into a cricket team, much intriguing local spectators.
Amphitheatre Peaks
The Amphitheatre Peaks (68°6′S 48°52′E﻿ / ﻿68.100°S 48.867°E﻿ / -68.100; 48.867) are a group of peaks surrounding and extending to the east of Amphitheatre Lake, in the northwest part of Nye Mountains of Antarctica. They were photographed in 1956 from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) aircraft and visited in November 1958 by an ANARE airborne field party. They were named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia in association with Amphitheatre Lake.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Daudmannsodden
Daudmannsodden ("Dead Man's Cape") is a headland in Oscar II Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about three kilometers. Daudmannsodden and Salpynten mark the southern entrance of the strait of Forlandsundet. The coast between Daudmannsodden and Eidembukta is characterized by foul waters, skerries and islets outside small bays.

Oscar II Land
Oscar II Land is the land area between Isfjorden and Kongsfjorden on Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The 30 km (19 mi) long glacier Sveabreen divides Oscar II Land from James I Land.

The area is named after Oscar II of Sweden. Older name variants are Oscar II's Land and Terre Oscar II.

The Hofgaardtoppen mountain is the highest peak in Oscar II Land.
Ostrovul Mare, Islaz
Ostrovul Mare is a natural reserve, an island on the Danube together with Ostrovul Calnovăț, in the proximity of Islaz, Teleorman County, Romania. On the island is a breeding a colony of pygmy cormorant.

Teleorman County
Teleorman County (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈtele.orman]) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in the historical region Muntenia, with its capital city at Alexandria.

The name Teleorman is of Cumanic (Turkic) origin. It literally means wild/crazy forest (modern Turkish, Deli orman) and, by extension, "thick and shadowy forest" in the Cuman language. It can be encountered in other toponyms, such as the Turkish name of the Ludogorie Plateau in northeastern Bulgaria, Deliorman.
USNS Wheeling
USNS Wheeling (T-AGM-8) was a Wheeling-class missile range instrumentation ship acquired by the U.S. Navy in 1962 and converted from her Victory ship cargo configuration to a missile tracking ship, a role she retained for a number of years before being sunk as a target by Harpoon missiles on 12 July 1981.

Harpoon (missile)
The Harpoon is an all-weather, over-the-horizon, anti-ship missile 
manufactured by McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing Defense, Space & Security). The AGM-84E Standoff Land Attack Missile (SLAM) and later AGM-84H/K SLAM-ER (Standoff Land Attack Missile – Expanded Response) are cruise missile variants.

The regular Harpoon uses active radar homing and flies just above the water to evade defenses. The missile can be launched from:

Fixed-wing aircraft (AGM-84), without the solid-fuel rocket booster

Surface ships (RGM-84), fitted with a solid-fuel rocket booster that detaches when expended, to allow the missile's main turbojet to maintain flight

Submarines (UGM-84), fitted with a solid-fuel rocket booster and encapsulated in a container to enable submerged launch through a torpedo tube

Coastal defense batteries (RGM-84), from which it would be fired with a solid-fuel rocket booster
Palais Omnisports Marseille Grand-Est
The Palais Omnisports Marseille Grand-Est (French for 'Marseille Great Eastern Multisport Palace'), abbreviated as POMGE, is a multi-purpose arena primarily used as an ice rink, located in Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhône, France. It is the home venue for ice hockey team Spartiates de Marseille. The complex also houses a skate park which, at the time of its opening, was billed as the largest such indoor installation in Europe.
It was inaugurated in 2009, and is popularly known as Patinoire de la Capelette after the Marseille quarter it sits in, la Capelette.

10th arrondissement of Marseille
The 10th arrondissement of Marseille is a district (arrondissement) in the city of Marseille. The district is located east of the city. It borders the 5th and 12th arrondissement in the north, the 11th in the east, the 9th in the south, the 8th in the southwest and the 6th in the west. It is governed locally together with the 9th arrondissement, with which it forms the 5th sector of Marseille.