hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trolleybuses in Coimbra
The Coimbra trolleybus system (Portuguese: Rede de Tróleis de Coimbra) formed part of the public transport network in the city of Coimbra, Portugal.  Opened in 1947, it supplemented, and then eventually replaced, the Coimbra tramway network. Service was suspended in March 2021 because of road construction, and officials stated that the suspension was temporary, but in late 2022 the mayor indicated that any resumption of trolleybus service would not occur until after completion of construction of a new Bus Rapid Transit line (to be called Metro Mondego), around late 2024. However, in July 2024, the city council voted not to resume service – to make the suspension a permanent closure – albeit with a proposal floated for a future tourist trolleybus operation along the banks of the Mondego River, without further detail given.

Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tram (in the 1910s and 1920s), road tram or simply trolley) is an electric bus that draws power from dual overhead lines (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded or pneumatically raised trolley poles. Two wires, and two trolley poles, are required to complete the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). They are also distinct from other kinds of electric buses, which usually rely on batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current in older systems and 750-volts in newer systems, but there are exceptions.

Currently, around 300 trolleybus systems are in operation, in cities and towns in 43 countries. Altogether, more than 800 trolleybus systems have existed, but not more than about 400 concurrently.
Bill Cox (American football)
John William Cox (May 9, 1929 – May 14, 2017) was an American professional football end in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins.  He played college football at Duke University and was drafted in the eighth round of the 1951 NFL draft.

Cox was inducted into the Duke Sports Hall of Fame in 1978. He died on May 14, 2017, at the age of 88.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
McLay
McLay is a surname.

Notable people with the surname include:

Alma Soller McLay (1919–2017)

Cameron McLay, American police chief

Charles McLay (c. 1860–1918), Australian architect

Colin McLay (1942–2022), New Zealand marine biologist

Daniel McLay (born 1992), British cyclist

David McLay (born 1898), Scottish footballer

George McLay (1889–1917), Scottish footballer

Greg McLay (born 1969), Australian cricketer

Jim McLay (born 1945), New Zealand politician

Laurie McLay, New Zealand autism researcher

Nathan McLay, founder of Australian independent record label and management company Future Classic

Cameron McLay
Cameron McLay is deputy mayor of Madison, Wisconsin. He was the Pittsburgh Police Chief beginning September 15, 2014. He announced his resignation during a press conference on November 4, 2016. His last day as chief was November 8, 2016.
Ted Corbitt
Ted Corbitt (January 31, 1919 – December 12, 2007) was an American long-distance runner. The first African-American to run the marathon at the Summer Olympics (the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki, Finland) and the founding president of New York Road Runners, Corbitt is often called  "the father of American long distance running." He was also an ultramarathon pioneer, helping to revive interest in the sport in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s. New York Times columnist Robert Lipsyte called Corbitt a "spiritual elder of the modern running clan". In a Runner's World feature honoring lifetime achievement, writer Gail Kislevitz called Corbitt a "symbol of durability and longevity". Corbitt was among the first five runners to be inducted into the National Distance Running Hall of Fame, and the first to be inducted into the American Ultrarunning Hall of Fame.

Runner's World
Runner's World is a global magazine and website for runners of all abilities. It has additionally developed experiential formats, including a digital membership program, called Runner's World+. It is published by Hearst in Easton, Pennsylvania and was formerly published by Rodale, Inc. Outside the United States, the magazine is published in France, Germany, Italy, Norway, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands.
The Artist and the Model
The Artist and the Model (French: L'artiste et son modèle, Spanish: El artista y la modelo) is a 2012 French-language Spanish drama film directed by Fernando Trueba and written by Trueba and Jean-Claude Carrière. In 2012, Fernando Trueba was nominated for the Golden Shell and won the Silver Shell for Best Director at the San Sebastián International Film Festival. The year after, the film was nominated for 13 categories in the 27th Goya Awards, including Best Film and Best Director.

Cinema of Spain
The art of motion-picture making within Spain or by Spanish filmmakers abroad is collectively known as Spanish Cinema.

Only a small portion of box office sales in Spain are generated by domestic films. The different Spanish governments have therefore implemented measures aimed at supporting local film production and the movie theaters, which currently include the assurance of funding from the main television broadcasters. Nowadays, the Instituto de la Cinematografía y de las Artes Audiovisuales (ICAA) is the State agency in charge of regulating the allocation of public funds to the domestic film industry.
Listed buildings in Oxton, Nottinghamshire
Oxton is a civil parish in the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire, England.  The parish contains 13 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish includes the village of Oxton and the surrounding area.  All the listed buildings are in the village, and consist of houses, cottages, and farmhouses, two buildings associated with demolished Oxton Hall, a church and its gateway, a tomb chest, a former forge and an adjacent petrol pump.

Newark and Sherwood
Newark and Sherwood is a local government district in Nottinghamshire, England. It is the largest district by area in the county. The council is based in Newark-on-Trent, the area's largest town. The district also includes the towns of Southwell and Ollerton along with a large rural area containing many villages. Much of the district lies within the ancient Sherwood Forest and there are also extensive forestry plantations in the area.

The neighbouring districts are Rushcliffe, Gedling, Ashfield, Mansfield, Bassetlaw, West Lindsey, North Kesteven, South Kesteven and Melton. In 2021 it had a population of 123,383.
Badat
Badat is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alon Badat (born 1989), Israeli footballer

Saajid Badat (born 1979), British Islamist terrorist

Yunus Badat (born 1943), East African cricketer

Alon Badat
Alon Badat (Hebrew: אלון בדאת; born December 3, 1989) is an Israeli footballer who plays with FC Ukraine United in the Canadian Soccer League. He played college soccer for York University, with whom he was a U Sports Championship All Star, the Ontario University Athletics (OUA) West Rookie of the Year, and Bradley University in Illinois. He has also played professional soccer with Ironi Kiryat Ata F.C., the North York Astros, Portugal FC/SC Toronto, Scarborough SC, and Vaughan Azzurri. He won a bronze medal with Team Canada at the 2013 Maccabiah Games in Jerusalem, Israel.
Dixon Studio Tour
The Dixon Studio Tour is the oldest continuously-running studio tour in northern New Mexico. It occurs annually in the fall in the Embudo Valley, and encompassing Dixon, Rinconada, Embudo, Apodaca and Cañoncito, and Cuestacitas.

During the tour, workshops in areas such as blacksmithing,  hand-building in clay, raku, stone carving, painting and poetry are offered.

Embudo Creek
Embudo Creek, also known as Rio Embudo, is formed by the confluence of the Rio Pueblo and Santa Barbara Creek near Peñasco in Taos County, New Mexico.  The Embudo (named after the Spanish word meaning  “funnel”) empties into the Rio Grande near the community of Embudo between two distinctively shaped buttes, thus creating a funnel effect.  Before emptying into the Rio Grande the river flows through Dixon in Rio Arriba County. Irrigation canals (acequias) built in the 19th century to divert water from the headwaters of Embudo Creek are a continuing source of controversy.
2021 Sioux Chief PowerPEX 200
The 2021 Sioux Chief PowerPEX 200 presented by Scott County Tourism was the 19th stock car race of the 2021 ARCA Menards Series, the tenth and final race of the 2021 Sioux Chief Showdown, and the 25th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, October 2, 2021 in Salem, Indiana at Salem Speedway, a 0.555 miles (0.893 km) permanent paved oval-shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. On the final restart on lap 156, Jesse Love of Venturini Motorsports would take the lead and lead every lap afterwards to win his first career ARCA Menards Series win and his only win of the season. Meanwhile, Ty Gibbs of Joe Gibbs Racing, who would finish second, would win the 2021 Sioux Chief Showdown championship, winning the championship by 22 points. To fill out the podium, Rajah Caruth of Rev Racing would finish third.

Rev Racing
Rev Racing, short for Revolution Racing, was an auto racing team competing at the regional level of NASCAR. Owned by former Dale Earnhardt, Inc. president Max Siegel, the team primarily fielded participants in the Drive for Diversity, an initiative to bring more minority and female drivers into the sport. Formerly in all three ARCA Menards Series, the team last fielded two Chevrolet SS teams: The No. 2 part-time for Lanie Buice and the No. 6 full-time for Lavar Scott. The team also fielded late model entries for various drivers, and has fielded entries for future NASCAR national series winners Kyle Larson, Bubba Wallace, and Daniel Suárez in the past. The team formally competed in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series.
Carlsruhe
Carlsruhe is the name of several locations:

Karlsruhe, a city in Germany (Karlsruhe was formerly Carlsruhe)

Carlsruhe, South Australia, a locality in South Australia, Australia

Carlsruhe, Victoria, a town in Victoria, Australia

Carlsruhe O/S and Bad Carlsruhe, German names of the village Pokój in Poland

Carlsruhe, Victoria
Carlsruhe (/ˈkɑːrlzruː/) is a town in the Shire of Macedon Ranges between Woodend and Kyneton, alongside the old Calder Highway, although now bypassed by the Calder Freeway. It is approximately 50 minutes by road from both Melbourne and Bendigo. At the 2011 census, Carlsruhe and the surrounding area had a population of 456.
Louis Paquet
Louis Paquet (September 6, 1737 – 1804 or later) was a political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Quebec County in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1796 to 1804.

He was born in Charlesbourg, the son of Jean-Baptiste Pacquiet and Élisabeth-Angélique Frichet. In 1763, he married Marie-Thérèse Bédard, whose father was the cousin of Joseph and Pierre-Stanislas Bédard. Paquet did not run for reelection to the assembly in 1804.

Quebec County, Quebec
Quebec County was a historic county in the province of Quebec, Canada. The county included the Quebec City metropolitan area and extended northwestward. The county seat was Loretteville.

Quebec County was used as an electoral district in the first election held for members of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada in 1792.
Tanisha Crasto
Tanisha Crasto (born 5 May 2003) is an Indian badminton player who specialises in mixed doubles. She won the gold at the Asia Team Championships in 2024 and the bronze medal at the 2023 Asia Mixed Team Championships. With her doubles partner Dhruv Kapila, she touched her highest world ranking of 16 in May 2025.

She represented Bahrain and United Arab Emirates before switching to India in 2017. She represented India at the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics in the Women's Doubles event, but didn't advance past the group stage.

Badminton Asia Team Championships
The Badminton Asia Team Championships is a biennial tournament organized by Badminton Asia to crown the best men's and women's national badminton teams in Asia.

It started as a standalone event for both men's and women's teams since 2016 and both the team events are conducted simultaneously by Badminton Asia Confederation.
Nadezhda Rykalova
Nadezhda Vasilyevna Rykalova (Russian: Надежда Васильевна Рыкалова; 10 July 1824 – 3 January 1914) was a Russian stage actress, best known for her Maly Theatre performances in plays by Alexander Ostrovsky, who created the Kabanikha character (in The Storm) especially for her.

Rykalova was born in Moscow, then in the Russian Empire. She came from an artistic family and had the famous Russian tragic Mikhail Shchepkin as a mentor. She played more than 400 roles on stage and retired in 1907. She died in Moscow, aged 89.

The Storm (Ostrovsky)
The Storm (Russian: Гроза, sometimes translated as The Thunderstorm) is a drama in five acts by the 19th-century Russian playwright Aleksandr Ostrovsky. As with Ostrovsky's other plays, The Storm is a work of social criticism, which is directed particularly towards the Russian merchant class.
Quaestiones
In rhetorical theory, the quaestiones (Latin: "questions") are the points being debated.

Quaestiones is also the title of numerous literary works, including in chronological order:

the Tusculanae Disputationes of Roman statesman Cicero, around 45 BC

the Quaestiones of Roman jurist Sextus Caecilius Africanus, around 160

the Quaestiones disputatae de Veritate, 1256-1259.

the Quaestiones quaedam philosophicae of English physicist Isaac Newton (1661)

Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate
The Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate (transl. Disputed Questions on Truth, henceforth QDV and sometimes spelled de Ueritate) by Thomas Aquinas is a collection of questions that are discussed in the disputation style of medieval scholasticism.
It covers a variety of topics centering on the true, the good and man's search for them, but the questions range widely from the definition of truth to divine providence, conscience, the good and free decision.
Jean-François Rivière
Jean-François Rivière (born 28 February 1977) is a retired French footballer who played as a striker. His previous clubs include Chamois Niortais, Stade Lavallois, Amiens SC, Besançon RC, AC Ajaccio, Clermont Foot, and Gazélec Ajaccio.

Stade Lavallois
Stade Lavallois Mayenne Football Club (French: Stade lavallois Mayenne Football Club; French pronunciation: [stɑd lavalwa majɛn]), also referred to as Stade Lavallois or simply Laval, is a French association football club based in Laval in western France. The club was formed on 17 July 1902 and currently plays in Ligue 2, the second level of French football. Laval plays its home matches at the Stade Francis Le Basser located in the city.
Fungal contamination of contact lenses
Microbial corneal infection is the most serious and "most common vision threatening" complication of contact lens wear, which is believed to be strongly associated with contact lens cases. Such infections "are being increasingly recognized as an important cause of morbidity and blindness" and "may even be life-threatening."  While the cornea is believed to be the most common site for fungal eye infections, other parts of the eye such as the orbit, sclera, eyelids, and more may also be involved.  Contact lens cases are recognized as a "potential source of pathogens associated with corneal ulcers" and according to Moorfields Eye Hospital, contact lens wear is “the most prevalent risk factor for new cases of corneal ulcers.”  Contaminants "isolated from contact lens associated corneal ulcers have often been shown to be" the same as found in the patient's contact lens case, thus providing evidence contaminated contact lens cases may be a "replenishable source of pathogenic microbes."

Cornea
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eyeball which covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Along with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. In humans, the refractive power of the cornea is approximately 43 dioptres. The cornea can be reshaped by surgical procedures such as LASIK.

While the cornea contributes most of the eye's focusing power, its focus is fixed. Accommodation (the refocusing of light to better view near objects) is accomplished by changing the geometry of the lens.  Medical terms related to the cornea often start with the prefix "kerat-" from the Greek word κέρας, horn.
Verweij
Verweij or Verwey is a Dutch toponymic surname. It is a contraction of "van der Weij" (modern Dutch: van de weide), meaning "from the meadow". Notable people with the surname include:

Verweij

Ben Verweij (1895–1951), Dutch footballer

Bull Verweij (1909–2010), Dutch businessman

Geoffrey Verweij (born 1982), Dutch footballer

Johan Verweij (born 1950s), New Zealand footballer

Koen Verweij (born 1990), Dutch speed skater

Michiel Verweij (born 1964), Dutch classical scholar and historian

Verwey

Albert Verwey (1865–1937), Dutch poet

Alvaro Verwey (born 1999), Surinamese football forward

Bobby Verwey (born 1941), South African golfer

Evert Verwey (1905–1981), Dutch physical chemist

John Verwey (born 1957), Canadian darts player

Kees Verwey (1900–1995), Dutch painter

Roland Verwey (born 1981), German ice hockey player

Tobias Verwey (born 1981), Namibian cricketer

Koen Verweij
Koen Verweij (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkuɱ‿vərˈʋɛi]; born 26 August 1990) is a former Dutch speed skater and inline speed skater. At the end of the skating season 2008–09 he made a transfer from the Jong Oranje team of the national skating union (KNSB) to the commercial team of TVM.

Verweij was the holder of the Dutch national record at the 1500 metres distance from 9 December 2017 until 10 March 2019.
Kim Umback
Kim Umback is a Canadian cross-country skier. She represented Canada at the 1988 Winter Paralympics and she competed in three events in cross-country skiing.

She won the bronze medal in the women's 3x5 km relay B1-3 event together with Sandra Lecour and Tricia Lovegrove.

She also competed in the women's short distance 5 km B2 and women's long distance 10 km B2 events.

She was diagnosed with Leber's congenital amaurosis.

Canada at the 1988 Winter Paralympics
Canada competed at the 1988 Winter Paralympics in Innsbruck, Austria from January 17 to 25, 1988. Canada entered 20 athletes in two of the four disciplines at the Games; twelve in Alpine skiing and eight in Nordic skiing (cross-country skiing).
Ministry of Culture and Information (Kazakhstan)
The Ministry of Culture and Information of the Republic of Kazakhstan (MCI RK; Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының мәдениет және ақпарат министрлігі, ҚР МАМ; Russian: Министерство культуры и информации Республики Казахстан, МКИ РК) is a ministry under the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which manages in the areas of information, interaction between the state and civil society, religious activities, state youth and family policy, modernization of public consciousness, charity, volunteering, mediation, ensuring internal political stability, interfaith and interethnic harmony, as well as within the limits provided for by law, – intersectoral coordination and state regulation.

Ermukhamet Ertisbaev
Ermukhamet Qabidenuly Ertisbaev (Kazakh: Ермұхамет Қабиденұлы Ертісбаев, Ermūhamet Qabidenūly Ertısbaev, [jeɾmo̙χɑmʲet qɑbɯjdʲeno̙ɫɯ jeɾtɘsbɑjəf]; born 19 November 1956) is a Kazakh politician and diplomat who has served as the chairman of the People's Party of Kazakhstan since 27 March 2022. Prior to that, he served as the Kazakh ambassador to Belarus from November 2017 to August 2019 and to Georgia from April 2013 to November 2017.

Ertisbaev worked in several governmental ministries of Culture, Information which was split in March 2006 with Ertisbaev being appointed as a Culture and Information. He was also a member of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR from 1990 to 1994 and has served in President Nursultan Nazarbayev's administration where he had been called as Nazarbayev's "wily political adviser."
Turkey Town Monument
The Turkey Town Monument is an outdoor Confederate memorial installed near Gadsden, Alabama, in the United States. It was erected in 1992 by the Turkey Town Valley Camp 1512 Sons of Confederate Veterans. Inscriptions on the monument read:

The surrounding area and this well was part of Turkey’s Town, once a capital of the proud Cherokee Nation. Chief Turkey was the principal chief during the late 1700s. On October 25, 1864, the Turkey Town Valley Expedition of the XV Corps Union Army led by Major General Peter J. Osterhaus was stopped by the Confederate Cavalry led by Joseph Wheeler at this site. Total casualties: US 287 CS 92. May we never forget the men and women of Turkey Town Valley who labored and fought to preserve their southern heritage and freedom. This stone is then dedicated in their honor. Erected by Turkey Town Valley Camp 1512 Sons of Confederate Veterans.

Sons of Confederate Veterans
The Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV) is an American neo-Confederate nonprofit organization of male descendants of Confederate soldiers: 6–9  that commemorates these ancestors, funds and dedicates monuments to them, and promotes the pseudohistorical Lost Cause ideology and corresponding white supremacy.

The SCV was founded on July 1, 1896, in Richmond, Virginia, by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1 of the Confederate Veterans. Its headquarters is at Elm Springs in Columbia, Tennessee.: 29

In recent decades, governors, legislators, courts, corporations, and anti-racism activists have emphasized the increasingly controversial public display of Confederate symbols—especially after the 2014 Ferguson unrest, the 2015 Charleston church shooting, and the 2020 murder of George Floyd. SCV has responded with its coordinated display of larger and more prominent public displays of the battle flag, some in directly defiant counter-protest.
Olivera Finn
Olivera J. Finn is a Yugoslav-American immunologist who is a distinguished professor and former chair of the department of immunology at the University of Pittsburgh (2001–2013) and former director of the Cancer Immunology Program at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (1999–2014). She was president of the American Association of Immunologists from 2007 to 2008 and served on the AAI Council from 2002 to 2006.

American Association of Immunologists
The American Association of Immunologists (AAI) is an international scientific society dedicated to furthering the study of immunology. AAI provides its members with a variety of platforms in which to exchange ideas and present the latest immunological research, including the AAI annual meeting and The Journal of Immunology. In 2017, AAI launched an open-access journal, ImmunoHorizons. AAI is a founding member society of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB).  It is considered the world's oldest continuously operating professional society specifically dedicated to the field of immunology, with 27 of its members having been awarded a Nobel Prize, mostly in Physiology or Medicine.