hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bangladesh at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
Bangladesh competed at the 2022 Commonwealth Games at Birmingham, England but did not win any medals. It was the team's tenth appearance at the Commonwealth Games.

Boxer Sura Krishna Chakma and weightlifter Mabia Akhter were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony.

2022 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony
The opening ceremony for the 2022 Commonwealth Games took place on the evening of Thursday 28 July in the Alexander Stadium, Birmingham. As mandated by the Commonwealth Games Charter, the proceedings of the ceremony combined the formal opening of the sporting event (including hoisting of the flags, parade of the athletes and welcome speeches) with an artistic performance to showcase the host nation's culture. The 2022 Games were formally opened by Charles, Prince of Wales. The centrepiece of the ceremony was an eight-meter-tall animatronic bull, created by the London-based special effects company Artem. The bull, nicknamed 'Ozzy' after Birmingham-born rockstar Ozzy Osbourne is now on permanent display inside Birmingham New Street train station.
2021 Potchefstroom Open – Doubles
This was the second edition of the tournament. There was no defending champion as the tournament was canceled at the quarterfinals stage due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Marc-Andrea Hüsler and Zdeněk Kolář won the title after defeating Peter Polansky and Brayden Schnur 6–4, 2–6, [10–4] in the final.

Marc-Andrea Hüsler
Marc-Andrea Hüsler (born 24 June 1996) is a Swiss professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking by the ATP of world No. 47, achieved on 13 February 2023. In doubles, he achieved a career-high ranking of world No. 132 on 25 October 2021. He is currently the No. 5 Swiss player.
Elin McCready
Elin McCready is an American linguist and professor in the Department of English Language and Literature at Aoyama Gakuin University. She researches semantics, pragmatics, and philosophy of language, focusing in particular on such phenomena as evidentials, honorifics, and slurs. She is also co-director of Aoyama Gakuin University's Singularity Research Institute.

Pejorative
A pejorative word, phrase, slur, or derogatory term is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something. It is also used to express criticism, hostility, or disregard. Sometimes, a term is regarded as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others or may be originally pejorative but later adopt a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa) in some or all contexts.
Allerton, West Yorkshire
Allerton is a village within the metropolitan borough of the City of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England, now increasingly part of the Bradford conurbation. With a population of around 12,000, the village is situated 3 miles west-north-west of Bradford.

Allerton was recorded in the Domesday Book as Wilsden-cum-Allerton. The local residents of the suburb pronounce it as Ollerton, using 'Ol' rather than 'Al'.

Points of the compass
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each separated by 90 degrees, and secondarily divided by four ordinal (intercardinal) directions—northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest—each located halfway between two cardinal directions. Some disciplines such as meteorology and navigation further divide the compass with additional azimuths. Within European tradition, a fully defined compass has 32 "points" (and any finer subdivisions are described in fractions of points).

Compass points or compass directions are valuable in that they allow a user to refer to a specific azimuth in a colloquial fashion, without having to compute or remember degrees.
Ajai Shukla
Ajai Shukla is an Indian journalist and a retired colonel of Indian Army.
He writes articles on defense policy, production and acquisition and currently works as consulting editor with Business Standard. He earlier worked with DD News and NDTV.

Business Standard
Business Standard is an Indian English-language daily edition newspaper, also available in Hindi. Founded in 1975, the newspaper covers the Indian economy, infrastructure, international business and trade, information on financial quotations, corporate governance, and a range of other financial news, opinions and insights.

The main English-language edition comes from 12 regional centres: Mumbai, New Delhi, Kolkata, Bengaluru, Coimbatore, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Chandigarh, Pune, Lucknow, Bhubaneswar, and Kochi, and reaches readers in over 1,000 towns and cities across India.
Wilhelm Omsted
Wilhelm Omsted (born 24 May 1939) is a Norwegian lawyer and judge.

He graduated with the cand.jur. degree in 1967, and worked as a deputy judge in Hardanger and a secretary in the Ministry of Justice. From 1971 he was a lawyer, since 1973 in his own lawyer's firm. In 1976 he received his barrister's license, with permission to work with Supreme Court cases. From 1985 to 1988 he was a board member of the Norwegian Bar Association. In 1988 he became a presiding judge in Eidsivating Court of Appeal. When Borgarting Court of Appeal was created out of Eidsivating in 1995, he became a presiding judge there. He has also held lectures at the University of Oslo.

He resides in Frogner.

Supreme Court of Norway
The Supreme Court of Norway (Norwegian Bokmål: (Norges) Høyesterett; Norwegian Nynorsk: (Noregs) Høgsterett; lit. 'Highest Court') is the highest court in the Norwegian judiciary. It was established in 1815 on the basis of section 88 in the Constitution of the Kingdom of Norway, which prescribed an independent judiciary. It is located in the capital Oslo. In addition to serving as the court of final appeal for civil and criminal cases, it can also rule whether the Cabinet has acted in accordance with Norwegian law and whether the Parliament has passed legislation consistent with the Constitution.
Giorgi Papunashvili
Giorgi Papunashvili (Georgian: გიორგი პაპუნაშვილი, romanized: giorgi p'ap'unashvili, pronounced [ɡioɾɡi pʼapʼunaʃʷili]; born 2 September 1995), commonly known as Papu, is a Georgian professional footballer who plays for Azerbaijani club Zira as a winger.

Ha has played for the Georgian national senior and youth teams.

FC Tskhinvali
FC Tskhinvali is a defunct Georgian football club, which in mid-2010s spent four seasons in the top tier of the national league.

Despite the name, due to the enduring Georgian–Ossetian conflict they were unable to host their opponents in the city of Tskhinvali, playing home games instead in Georgian-controlled areas, mostly in Gori, Tbilisi and Rustavi.

In early 2020, the club was disqualified from Liga 3 after their failure to solve a severe financial crisis.

Several times the club has undergone name changes:

Spartaki until 1990

Liakhvi from 1990 to 2003

Tskhinvali from 2003 to 2007

Spartaki from 2007 to 2015

Tskhinvali after 2015
Descubierta-class corvette
The Descubierta-class corvettes were a series of corvettes built for the Spanish Navy in the late 1970s and early 1980s. These ships were also sold to the Egyptian Navy and the Moroccan Navy. The ships were designed in cooperation with the German company Blohm & Voss, based on the João Coutinho-class corvettes which were designed in the late 1960s for the Portuguese Navy, by the Portuguese naval engineer Rogério de Oliveira. A larger version was proposed for a second batch but the Spanish Navy chose to build the American Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates under licence instead.

Blohm+Voss
Blohm+Voss (B+V), also written historically as Blohm & Voss, Blohm und Voß etc., is a German shipbuilding and engineering company. Founded in Hamburg in 1877 to specialise in steel-hulled ships, its most famous product was the World War II battleship Bismarck. In the 1930s, its owners established the Hamburger Flugzeugbau aircraft manufacturer which, shortly before the outbreak of World War II, adopted the name of its parent company. Following a difficult period after the war, B+V was revived, changing ownership among several owners, such as Thyssen Group and Star Capital.

In 2016 it became a subsidiary of Lürssen and supplied both the military and civilian markets before becoming subsidiary of Rheinmetall in 2025.

The company  serves two areas – new construction of warships as NVL B.V. & Co. KG, and new construction and refitting of megayachts.
SteamRail Wanganui
SteamRail Wanganui is a railway preservation society based in Wanganui, New Zealand.  It owns heritage railway locomotives, rolling stock, and structures in the Wanganui area.  It also operates occasional excursions in conjunction with other societies and provides a base for excursions passing through Wanganui to stop and visit while replenishing supplies.  Its goal is to establish a railway precinct in Wanganui as a historical and tourist attraction.

0-6-0
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.

In the United Kingdom, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was also often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification, popular in Europe, this wheel arrangement is written as C if the wheels are coupled with rods or gears, or Co if they are independently driven, the latter usually being electric and diesel-electric locomotives.
BSSN formalism
The BSSN formalism (Baumgarte, Shapiro, Shibata, Nakamura formalism) is a formalism of general relativity that was developed by Thomas W. Baumgarte, Stuart L. Shapiro, Masaru Shibata and Takashi Nakamura between 1987 and 1999. It is a modification of the ADM formalism developed during the 1950s.

The ADM formalism is a Hamiltonian formalism that does not permit stable and long-term numerical simulations. In the BSSN formalism, the ADM equations are modified by introducing auxiliary variables. The formalism has been tested for a long-term evolution of linear gravitational waves and used for a variety of purposes such as simulating the non-linear evolution of gravitational waves or the evolution and collision of black holes.

Stuart L. Shapiro
Stuart Louis Shapiro (born December 6, 1947, in New Haven, Connecticut) is an American theoretical astrophysicist, who works on numerical relativity with applications in astrophysics, specialising in compact objects such as neutron stars and black holes.
Harsola copper plates
The Harsola copper plates are a set of two 949 CE Indian inscriptions that record the grants of two villages to a Nagar Brahmin father-son duo. The grants were issued by the Paramara king Siyaka II. The copper plates were discovered in Harsol (or Harsola) in present-day Gujarat state.

Besides the Paramara ancestors of Siyaka, the inscription mentions men with Rashtrakuta titles. Based on their identification as Rashtrakuta kings, some historians have theorized that Paramaras descended from the Rashtrakutas. However, others have argued that these men were Paramara rulers who had adopted Rashtrakuta titles to portray themselves as successors of the Rashtrakutas in Malwa.

Indian copper plate inscriptions
Indian copper plate inscriptions are legal records engraved on copper plates. The practice was widespread and long-running in the Indian subcontinent; it may date back to as early as the 3rd millennium BCE, however the vast majority of recovered plates were produced in the 1st millennium CE. The plates were legal documents which registered and recorded an act of endowment, i.e. a grant or donation, typically of land or concessions. The plate contained bureaucratic information on land tenure and taxation essential to the operation of the state.

The copper plates can survive intact indefinitely: copper, being a non-ferrous metal, does not rust or otherwise deteriorate when exposed to oxygen the way iron does, but rather develops a protective patina.
Katikati
Katikati is a town in New Zealand's North Island, located on the Uretara Stream near a tidal inlet towards the northern end of Tauranga Harbour, 28 kilometres south of Waihi and 40 kilometres northwest of Tauranga. State Highway 2 passes through the town. A bypass scheduled to have begun construction in 2008 was put on hold, and is no longer planned.

Katikati has become known for its many murals painted on walls of commercial buildings. These were started in the 1990s to regenerate tourist interest in the town and district, and led to the town being recognised New Zealand's 'Most Beautiful Small Town' award for towns of less than 8,000 population in 2005 by the Keep New Zealand Beautiful Society.

In 2018, Katikati was named "Avocado Capital of New Zealand.  Besides its avocado orchards, there are many kiwi-fruit orchards in and around Katikati.

There are hot springs three kilometres to the south of Katikati at Sapphire Springs.

Ngāti Ranginui
Ngāti Ranginui is a Māori iwi (tribe) in Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. Its rohe (tribal area) extends from Waihi in the north, to the Kaimai Range in the west, to south of Te Puke in the south, and to Tauranga in the east. The rohe does not extend offshore to Matakana Island or Mayor Island / Tūhua.

Ngāti Ranginui is part of the Tauranga Moana iwi group, which also includes Ngāti Pūkenga and Ngāi Te Rangi. The three iwi all consider Mauao (Mount Maunganui) sacred and share many things in common. Collectively, the iwi are seeking compensation from the New Zealand Government for their losses from the New Zealand Wars but are yet to seek a settlement.
Katrin Lompscher
Katrin Lompscher (born 7 April 1962) is a German politician who served as Senator for Urban Development and Housing in Berlin in the Senate of Governing Mayor Michael Müller from 2016 to 2020. A member of The Left, she previously served as Senator for Health, Environment and Consumer Protection from 2006 to 2011 in the third Senate of Governing Mayor Klaus Wowereit, and as a member of the Abgeordnetenhaus (House of Representatives) of Berlin from 2011 until her resignation in 2017.

Berlin House of Representatives
The Berlin House of Representatives (German: Abgeordnetenhaus (German: [ˈʔapɡəʔɔʁdnətn̩ˌhaʊs] ⓘ) is the state parliament (Landtag) of Berlin, Germany according to the city-state's constitution. In 1993, the parliament moved from Rathaus Schöneberg to its present house on Niederkirchnerstraße in Mitte, which from 1899 until 1934 was the seat of the Prussian House of Representatives. The current president of the parliament is Cornelia Seibeld (CDU).
Xenorhabdus
Xenorhabdus is a genus of motile, gram-negative bacteria from the family of the Morganellaceae. All the species of the genus are only known to live in symbiosis with soil entomopathogenic nematodes from the genus Steinernema.

Although no free-living forms of Xenorhabdus have ever been isolated outside of the nematode host, the benefits for the bacteria are still unknown.  
However, it has been demonstrated that the nematode can't establish within its insect host without the bacteria.

The tripartite Xenorhabdus-nematode-insect interaction represents a model system in which both mutualistic and pathogenic processes can be studied in a single bacterial species.
In the laboratory, some species are virulent even when artificially injected into the insect host, whereas others species need the nematode to affect the insect.

Pathogenesis
In pathology, pathogenesis is the process by which a disease or disorder develops. It can include factors which contribute not only to the onset of the disease or disorder, but also to its progression and maintenance. The word comes from Ancient Greek  πάθος (pathos) 'suffering, disease' and  γένεσις (genesis) 'creation'.
WEAG
WEAG can refer to:

Western European Armaments Group, a subsidiary of the Western European Union

WEAG (AM), a defunct radio station at 1490 kHz which was located in Starke, Florida, United States, and operated from February 23, 1957 to December 10, 2012.

WEAG-FM, a radio station at 106.3 MHz located in Starke, Florida, United States

WIBC (FM), a radio station (93.5 FM) licensed to serve Indianapolis, Indiana, that held the call sign WEAG from 1986 to 1987

WBCR (AM), a radio station at 1470 kHz located in Alcoa, Tennessee that formerly held the call sign WEAG

WEAG-FM
WEAG-FM (106.3 FM) is a radio station licensed to Starke, Florida, United States, and airs a country music format using the moniker "Eagle Country".  The station is currently owned by Dickerson Broadcasting, Inc.
Jens Boalth
Jens Boalth (8 March 1725 – 5 December 1780) was a Norwegian educator. He was  Rector at the Bergen Cathedral School and a driving force behind cultural development in Bergen, Norway.

He was born in Christiania (now Oslo, Norway). He was the  son of  Larsen Boalth (1697–1744 and Anne Cathrine Pedersdatter Kolding (1695–1765).
He grew up in a wealthy merchant family and attended Christiania Cathedral School. In 1742, he entered the University of Copenhagen, where he relieved his theological degree in 1745  and took a Magister degree in 1750.

From 1756, he was  Rector at the Bergen Cathedral School. In total, he was an educator at the school for more than 20 years.
He co-founded the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra in 1765 and  the Philharmonic Drawing School in 1772. In 1774, he founded Det nyttige Selskab, a service  society  which focused on the  well being of the general population.

Magister degree
A magister degree (also magistar, female form: magistra; from Latin: magister, "teacher") is an academic degree used in various systems of higher education.

The magister degree arose in medieval universities in Europe and was originally equal to the doctorate; while the doctorate was originally conferred in theology, law and medicine, the magister degree was usually conferred in the liberal arts, broadly known as "philosophy" in continental Europe, which encompassed all other academic subjects. In some countries, the title has retained this original meaning until the modern age, while in other countries, magister has become the title of a lower degree, in some cases parallel with a master's degree (whose name is cognate).
2025 Youth Parapan American Games
The 2025 Youth Parapan American Games were the sixth edition of the Youth Parapan American Games, an international multi-sport event for para-athletes aged 17 to 22 in the Americas, organized by the Chilean Paralympic Committee and the Americas Paralympic Committee (APC). It was held in Santiago, Chile between October 31 and November 9, 2025.

Wheelchair basketball
Wheelchair basketball is a style of basketball played using a sports wheelchair. The International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (IWBF) is the governing body for this sport. It is recognized by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) as the sole competent authority in wheelchair basketball worldwide. FIBA has recognized IWBF under Article 53 of its General Statutes.

The IWBF has 95 National Organizations for Wheelchair Basketball (NOWBs) participating in wheelchair basketball throughout the world, with this number increasing each year. It is estimated that more than 100,000 people play wheelchair basketball from recreation to club play and as elite national team members.

Wheelchair basketball is included in the Paralympic Games. The Wheelchair Basketball World Championship is played two years after every Paralympic Games. Major competition in wheelchair basketball comes from Canada, Australia, the United States, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and Japan.
Jeff Faris
Jeffrey Faris (born March 13, 1990) is an American football coach. He is the head football coach for Austin Peay State University; a position he has held since 2024. He played college football at Duke, where he had spent the entirety of his coaching career before coming to UCLA.

Austin Peay State University
Austin Peay State University (APSU; /piː/) is a public university in Clarksville, Tennessee, United States. Standing on a site occupied by a succession of educational institutions since 1845, the precursor of the university was established in 1927 and named for then-sitting Governor Austin Peay, who is further honored with "Governors", the name of the university's athletic teams. Affiliated with the Tennessee Board of Regents, it is now governed by the Austin Peay State University Board of Trustees as of May 2017. The university is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and, in 2012, was the fastest-growing university in Tennessee. In 2025, Austin Peay State University hit 11,185 registered students for the fall semester.
Sycoscapter
Sycoscapter is a genus of non-pollinating fig wasp which is native to the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian realms. They are parasitoids of fig wasps in the Ceratosolen, Eupristina and Kradibia genera.

Afrotropical realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region.
IC 2402
IC 2402 known in literature as B0844+31 or B2 0844+31, is a large elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Cancer. The galaxy is located around 940 million light-years from Earth, which means given by its apparent dimensions, it is 370,000 light-years across. It was first discovered by Stéphane Javelle on 15 February 1896 and subsequently designated as 4C 31.32 by astronomers.

Stéphane Javelle
Stéphane Javelle (Lyon, 16 November 1864 – 3 August 1917) was a French astronomer. Since 1888 he worked assisting Henri Perrotin at the Nice Observatory, and observed 1431 objects published in the Index Catalogue.  He initially worked as an accountant before his employer's friend, Louis Thollon recommended him to Perrotin. He was awarded the Valz Prize in 1910 by the French Academy of Sciences.
English Curling Association
The English Curling Association (ECA) is the national governing body of the sport of curling in England. While the ECA is a full member of the World Curling Federation, it also is a member of British Curling which manages Great Britain's Olympic and Paralympic curling programs.

There are currently two dedicated curling facilities in England: the Flower Bowl in Lancashire, home to Preston Curling Club; and at Tunbridge Wells Curling Club in Kent, following the rink reopening in 2025. Curling can also be found semi-regularly at Cambridge Ice Rink, where Cambridge Curling Club meet on Sundays.

There are a number of other clubs in the north of England, such as Glendale, which plays matches in rinks across the Scottish border. Saint George's Curling Club also offers English curlers living in Scotland a club, though they are not focussed at any one rink.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.