hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Defender of Rights (France)
In France, the Defender of Rights (DDD) (French: Défenseur des droits) is an independent administrative authority of the Government of France, created by the constitutional revision of July 23, 2008 and instituted by the organic law of March 29, 2011.

The Defender of Rights is an independent administrative authority enshrined by the Constitution of France.

The current Defender of Rights is journalist Claire Hédon.

Constitution of France
The current Constitution of France was adopted on 4 October 1958. It is typically called the Constitution of the Fifth Republic (French: la Constitution de la Cinquième République), and it replaced the Constitution of the Fourth Republic of 1946, keeping it's preamble. The current Constitution regards the separation of church and state, democracy, social welfare, and indivisibility as core principles of the French state.

Charles de Gaulle was the main driving force in introducing the new constitution and inaugurating the Fifth Republic, while the text was drafted by Michel Debré. Since then, the constitution has been amended twenty-five times, notably in 2008 and most recently in 2024.
Achille Pierre Dionis du Séjour
Achille Pierre Dionis du Séjour (January 11, 1734 – August 22, 1794) was a French astronomer and mathematician.

Dionis du Séjour was born in Paris and was a distant relative of surgeon and anatomist Pierre Dionis. He served as an advisor to parliament before he was appointed to the French Academy of Sciences in 1765. In 1775 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. He was appointed to the Paris group for the Estates-General of 1789 and was one of the 47 who joined the Estates of the Realm that year.

Dionis du Séjour died in Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine.

Estates General of 1789
The Estates General of 1789 (French: États Généraux de 1789) was a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the clergy (First Estate), the nobility (Second Estate), and the commoners (Third Estate). It was the last of the Estates General of the Kingdom of France.

Summoned by King Louis XVI, the Estates General of 1789 ended when the Third Estate, along with some members of the other estates, formed the National Assembly and, against the wishes of the king, invited the other two estates to join. This signaled the outbreak of the French Revolution.
Khodorkiv
Khodorkiv (Ukrainian: Ходорків) is a village (population 1,371; 0.7037 km²) in Zhytomyr Oblast, in Zhytomyr Raion, located on the Irpin River.

Founded in 1471. Former seat of the Khodorkiv municipality in Skvyra County in the Kiev Governorate. At the end of the 19th century, a suburb of the town was called Pustelniki.

During the Nazi occupation, in the forest in 1941, the Germans established a Jewish ghetto for the town's Jewish residents. About 200 people were confined there. On 15 October 1941, the Germans liquidated the ghetto and murdered the Jews on the premises of the Widrodzhennia kolkhoz.

Zhytomyr Oblast
Zhytomyr Oblast (Ukrainian: Житомирська область, romanized: Zhytomyrska oblast), also referred to as Zhytomyrshchyna (Ukrainian: Житомирщина), is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Zhytomyr. Its population is approximately 1,179,032 (2022 estimate).
Marcia (mistress of Commodus)
Marcia Aurelia Ceionia Demetrias (died 193) was the alleged mistress (182–193) and one of the assassins of Roman Emperor Commodus. Marcia was likely to have been the daughter of Marcus Aurelius Sabinianus Euhodius, a freedman of the co-emperor Lucius Verus.

Freedman
A freedman or freedwoman is a person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, slaves freed themselves (runaways or maroons) through escape, self-purchase, or rebellion; or were freed through manumission (granted freedom by their owners), emancipation (granted freedom as part of a larger group), or abolition (the outlawing of slavery in general).
Swedish women's football clubs in European competitions
This is a list of Swedish women's football clubs in European competition. Swedish clubs have participated since 2001, when Umeå IK entered the 2001–02 UEFA Women's Cup. Umeå IK's debut came against Sparta Prague of Czech Republic and Anna Sjöström scored Umeå IK's and Swedish clubs' first goal in European competition in the match that ended 1–0 to Umeå IK. A total of eleven clubs have participated in UEFA competitions throughout the years.

Umeå IK has won the UEFA Women's Cup twice, by beating Fortuna Hjørring in the 2003 final and 1. FFC Frankfurt in the 2004 final. Umeå IK also reached three more finals, while Djurgården/Älvsjö reached the final once. During the Women's Champions League era, also Tyresö FF reached the final once.

2001–02 UEFA Women's Cup
The UEFA Women's Cup 2001–02 was the first edition of the women's football UEFA European club competition. It took place during the 2001–02 season, from August 2001 to May 2002.

The competition was won by German Bundesliga side 1. FFC Frankfurt, who beat Sweden's Umeå IK by a score of 2–0, in the single-leg 2002 UEFA Women's Cup Final.
Naalakkersuisut
The Naalakkersuisut or the Government of Greenland (Danish: Grønlands Regering) is the chief executive body, the cabinet and the government of Greenland since the island became self-governing in 1979. As an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark, Greenland is a parliamentary representative democratic territory, in which the premier (Naalakkersuisut Siulittaasuat) leads the cabinet, and of a multi-party system.

There are currently 10 members of the Cabinet, known as "Ministers" (Naalakkersuisoq), all of whom are also heads of specific government ministries. The ministers are appointed by the Prime Minister. The Greenlandic government currently consists of 10 ministers including the Prime Minister.

Siumut
Siumut (SIU, Greenlandic: Siumut [siumut]; Danish: Fremad; lit. 'Forward') is a political party in Greenland in the social democratic tradition. Since the establishment of home rule in 1979, it has been the dominant party in Greenland. Siumut is led by Erik Jensen, who beat the incumbent Prime Minister Kim Kielsen in a tight leadership contest in late 2020. Party members have been elected to both the Inatsisartut (or Landstinget, the Parliament of Greenland) and the Folketinget (the Parliament of the Kingdom of Denmark).
Roman road from Silchester to Bath
The Roman road from Silchester to Bath connected Calleva Atrebatum (Silchester) with Aquae Sulis (Bath) via Spinae (Speen), Cunetio (near Marlborough) and Verlucio (near Sandy Lane). The road was a significant route for east–west travel and military logistics in south-east England during the 1st to 5th centuries.

Parts of its route were subsequently followed by earthworks that are presumed to form part of Wansdyke. During the Middle Ages, the road was used by drovers, as well as by merchants and travellers.

Margary numbered the road as 53. Portions of the Roman road are extant, while in other places all apparent vestiges are absent from view.  In the early 19th century, Colt-Hoare surveyed and mapped its course from Overton Down (west of Marlborough) to Bath; the rest was only known in isolated sections until a study by Hugh Toller was published in 2013.

Speen, Berkshire
Speen is a suburb, village and civil parish in West Berkshire, England. It is 2 miles (3 km) north west of the town of Newbury, Speen has clustered settlements, the largest of which is Speen village, which is contiguous with Newbury, and the others, buffered from the town by the A34 road, are Bagnor, Stockcross, Woodspeen and Marsh Benham. Its other land is an approximately even mixture of woodland and agricultural fields including hay meadows for livestock feed and pasture. The area varies greatly in elevation, having the Reading to Taunton Line alongside the north bank of the River Kennet as its southern boundary and both banks of the River Lambourn in its north with elevated ground in between. Benham Park in the south-west of the area is a listed landscape garden and house.
Lucien Jottrand
Lucien Leopold Joseph Jottrand (Genappe, 31 January 1804 – Saint-Josse-ten-Noode, 17 December 1877) was a Walloon-Belgian lawyer, politician, progressive flamingant and Pan-Netherlander. He was a member of the National Congress of Belgium shortly after the de facto independence of Belgium and held a unique position in the young Flemish Movement.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Kreis Karthaus
The Karthaus district was a Prussian district that existed from 1818 to 1920. It was located in the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after World War I through the Treaty of Versailles in 1920, as part of the Polish Corridor. The capital of the district was Karthaus. From 1939 to 1945, the district was re-established as part of Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia in occupied Poland. Today the territory of the district lies in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia
Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia (German: Reichsgau Danzig-Westpreußen) was an administrative division of Nazi Germany created on 8 October 1939 from annexed territory of the Free City of Danzig, the Greater Pomeranian Voivodship (Polish Corridor), and the Regierungsbezirk West Prussia of Gau East Prussia.

Before 2 November 1939, the Reichsgau was called Reichsgau West Prussia. Though the name resembled that of the pre-1920 Prussian province of West Prussia, the territory was not identical. Unlike the former Prussian province, the Reichsgau included the Bromberg (Bydgoszcz) region in the south and lacked the Deutsch-Krone (Wałcz) region in the west.

The province's capital was Danzig (Gdańsk), and its population without the city was (in 1939) 1,487,452. The province's area was 26,056 km2, 21,237 km2 of which was annexed Danzig and Pomeranian territory. During the Reichsgau's short existence, Poles and Jews in that area were subjected by Nazi Germany to extermination as "subhumans".
Lebanese people in Sweden
The Lebanese people of Sweden are people from Lebanon or those of Lebanese descent who live in the country of Sweden. The majority of Lebanese people immigrated to Sweden in the period between 1970s and 1980s, either escaping the Lebanese Civil War or for economic reasons. In 2016, there were 148 registered emigrations from Sweden to Lebanon.

The Lebanese people in Sweden have set up their own traditional cultural and political organizations, including the Swedish Lebanese Friendship Association (SLFA). There is a Lebanese embassy in Stockholm.

Most Lebanese in Sweden belong to various Christian denominations (Maronite, Greek Orthodox, Melkite Catholic, Protestant), but there is also a sizable number of Muslims (Sunni and Shi'a) and also some Druze.

Lebanese Shia Muslims
Lebanese Shia Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون الشيعة اللبنانيون), historically and communally known as Matāwila (Arabic: متاولة, plural of متوالي mutawāli; pronounced as متوالي metouéle in Lebanese Arabic), are Lebanese people who are adherents of Shia Islam in Lebanon, which plays a major role alongside Lebanon's main Sunni, Maronite and Druze sects. Shiite Muslims in Lebanon are synonymous with Twelver Shi'ism and are distinguished from Alawites and Isma'ilis.

Today, Shiite Muslims constitute around 31.2% of the Lebanese population per the CIA's World Factbook. Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Shiites are the only sect eligible for the post of Speaker of Parliament.
Elaine Taylor (actress)
Elaine Regina Taylor Plummer (née Taylor; born 17 October 1943) is an English former actress, best known as a leading lady in comedy films of the late 1960s and early 1970s. She is the widow of Canadian actor Christopher Plummer, to whom she was married for 50 years.

Widow
A widow (female) or widower (male) is a person whose spouse has died and who has not remarried. The male form, "widower", is first attested in the 14th century, by the 19th century supplanting "widow" with reference to men. The adjective for either sex is widowed. These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.

The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed widowhood. The term widowhood can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word widowerhood is also listed in some dictionaries. An archaic term for a widow is "relict", literally "someone left over"; this word can sometimes be found on older gravestones. Occasionally, the word viduity is used.
Battle of Kakiri
The Battle of Kakiri (5 April 1981) was a raid by Popular Resistance Army (PRA) rebels to capture weapons and ammunition at a military outpost in Kakiri during the early Ugandan Bush War. Kakiri was defended by a Uganda National Liberation Army (UNLA) contingent. The insurgents successfully overran the outpost and then tried to retreat with their loot. In the process, they chanced upon a Tanzania People's Defence Force (TPDF) patrol, killing several of its members. The PRA subsequently escaped into the bush, pursued by UNLA and TPDF troops. A few days later, one PRA contingent was attacked by a TPDF company and lost some of the weapons captured at Kakiri.

The bush
"The bush", a term mostly used in the English vernacular of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and South Africa, is largely synonymous with hinterlands or backwoods. The fauna and flora contained within the bush is typically native to the region, although exotic species may also be present. The word derives from Old French bos, and Old Norse buski, and related to Dutch bos and German Busch with the sense ‘uncultivated country’ coming directly from Dutch bos,

The expression has been in use in Australia from the earliest years of British settlement, and it has inspired many derivative Australian English terms, such as bush tucker, bush mechanic, bush ballad and bushranger. The term is also widely used in Canada and the American state of Alaska to refer to the large, forested portions of their landscapes.
Loryma martinae
Loryma martinae is a species of snout moth in the genus Loryma. It was described by Patrice J.A. Leraut in 2002 and is known from Morocco (type location Aït Melloul) and Algeria (type location Laghouat).

Aït Melloul
Aït Melloul (Arabic: أيت ملول) is a city on the west coast of Morocco. It is located in the suburban area of Agadir just southeast of Inezgane, on the southern bank of the Sous River. According to the 2014 population census, the city is home to 171,847 inhabitants and 39,697 households. The city is part of the Inezgane-Aït Melloul prefecture in the administrative subdivision of Ait Melloul.
Gazikumukh Shamkhalate
"Gazikumukh Shamkhalate" is a term introduced in Russian-Dagestan historiography starting from the 1950s–60s to denote the kumyks state that existed on the territory of present-day Dagestan in the period of the 8th to 17th centuries with the capital in Gazi-Kumukh, and allegedly disintegrated in 1642. However, In the 16th century's Russian archival sources Tarki is stated to be the "capital of Shamkhalate" and "the city of Shamkhal", while "Kazi-Kumuk" is mentioned as a residence. These facts contradict "1642 disintegration" date. Moreover, there is absolutely no source before the 1950s containing the term "Gazikumukh Shamkhalate" or a statement that Gazi-Kumukh had ever been the capital of Shamkhalate. Historically, Shamkhalate is widely described as Tarki Shamkhalate or just Shamkhalate.

Nizam al-Din Shami
Nizam al-Din Shami, also known as Nizam-i Shami or Nizam al-Din Shambi (died before 1409 or before 1411–1412), was a Persian man of letters and a chronicler who flourished in the late 14th and early 15th centuries. He wrote the Zafarnama, the earliest extant Timurid chronicle and the oldest surviving biography on Timur (r. 1370–1405). Shami's Zafarnama was continued by Hafiz-i Abru (died 1430), and would also form the basis of the better-known Zafarnama of Sharaf al-Din Ali Yazdi (died 1454).
Electoral results for the district of Macquarie Fields
Macquarie Fields, an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, has had two incarnations, the first from 1988 to 1991, the second from 1999. It has always been held by the Labor party.

Electoral district of Macquarie Fields
Macquarie Fields is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, located in the outer south-western suburbs of Sydney. It is currently represented by Anoulack Chanthivong of the Labor Party.
Pentre-bach, Ceredigion
Pentre-bach is a small village in the  community of Lampeter, Ceredigion, Wales. Pentre-bach is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion Preseli constituency in the House of Commons.

Ceredigion Preseli
Ceredigion Preseli is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament, first contested at the 2024 general election following the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies. It is currently represented by Ben Lake of Plaid Cymru, who represented the predecessor constituency of Ceredigion from 2017 to 2024.
Christof Marselis
Christof Marselis was an architect.  Circa 1702, he travelled to Copenhagen, Denmark, where he worked as royal architect under Wilhelm Friedrich von Platen.  The exact extent of his contributions remain uncertain but he worked on such buildings as the Garrison Church (1703–1706), the Stable Master's House (1703–1705) and Frederiksberg Palace in Copenhagen.

Frederiksberg Palace
Frederiksberg Palace (Danish: Frederiksberg Slot) is a Baroque residence, located in Frederiksberg, Denmark, adjacent to the Copenhagen Zoo. It commands a view over Frederiksberg Gardens, originally designed as a palace garden in the Baroque style. Constructed and extended from 1699 to 1735, the palace served as the royal family's summer residence until the mid-19th century. Since 1869, it has housed the Royal Danish Military Academy.
Pangrč Grm
Pangrč Grm (pronounced [ˈpaːŋɡəɾtʃ ˈɡəɾm]) is a settlement in the foothills of the Gorjanci Mountains in the City Municipality of Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

The local church, built on the edge of a forest above the village to the south, on the old route over the Gorjanci Hills towards White Carniola, is dedicated to Saint Nicholas and belongs to the Parish of Stopiče. It is an originally 14th-century Romanesque building that was restyled in the Baroque in the 18th century.

Žumberak Mountains
The Žumberak Mountains (Croatian: Žumberačka gora, Slovene: Gorjanci, historic German name: Uskokengebirge) is a range of hills and mountains in northwestern Croatia and southeastern Slovenia, extending from the southwest to the northeast between the Krka and the Kupa.

It covers an area of 430 km2 (170 sq mi). The geographically unified massif consists of two parts, separated by the Bregana and Žumberak rivers (Croatian: Žumberačka rijeka). The northeastern part is the Samobor Hills (Croatian: Samoborsko gorje) with the foothills. The central and western part is named Žumberak Hills (Croatian: Žumberačko gorje, Žumberak). Its northwesternmost part, named Gorjanci, lies in Slovenia. The highest peak of the range is Sveta Gera (Trdina Peak) on the border between Croatia and Slovenia, with an elevation of 1,178 m (3,865 ft). Since 1999, an area of the range in Croatia has been protected as the Žumberak–Samobor Hills Nature Park.
Excitebike
Excitebike is a 1984 racing video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System. It was ported to arcades for the Nintendo VS. System later that year and Famicom Disk System in 1988. In North America, it became one of the best-selling games on the console. It is the first game in the Excite series.

Designed and directed by Shigeru Miyamoto, the smooth side-scrolling game engine his team developed for Excitebike was later used to develop Super Mario Bros. (1985), which had the effect of Mario smoothly accelerating from a walk to a run, rather than move at a constant speed.

Excitebike was a critical and commercial success. It spawned several sequels and has been re-released multiple times onto other Nintendo platforms, such the Wii and Wii U Virtual Console, and the Nintendo Classics service.

NES Classic Edition
NES Classic Edition is a dedicated home video game console by Nintendo, that emulates the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) and Family Computer (Famicom). Originally launched on November 10, 2016, the console aesthetically is a miniature replica of the NES, and it includes a static library of 30 built-in games from the licensed NES library, supporting save states for all of them.

Nintendo produced and sold about 2.3 million NES Classic Editions from launch through April 2017 — with shipments selling out nearly immediately — when Nintendo announced they were discontinuing the product, leading to consumer confusion, and incidents of greatly increased pricing among private sellers. Due to the demand of the NES Classic, and the success of the Super NES Classic Edition console, Nintendo re-introduced a limited run of the NES Classic in June 2018. Production was discontinued again in December 2018. It was well-received for its emulation quality.
Hélder Muianga
Hélder Carlos Muianga (born 28 September 1976), commonly known as Mano-Mano, is a Mozambican retired footballer who played in Mozambique for Costa do Sol and Desportivo de Maputo, in South Africa for Manning Rangers, Black Leopards,  Dynamos FC and Jomo Cosmos, and in Hungary for Budapest Honvéd. Muianga also won 30 caps for the Mozambican national side between 1997 and 2004.

After retiring as a player in 2008, Muianga joined the Jomo Cosmos coaching technical team. The Federação Moçambicana de Futebol (FMF) terminated its contract with Dutch selector coach Mart Nooij in September 2011 after the national team failed to qualify for the African Cup, but Hélder Muianga e João Chissano were retained.

CD Costa do Sol
Clube de Desportos da Costa do Sol, commonly known as Costa do Sol, is a Mozambican sports club based in Maputo. It is best known for the professional football team playing in Moçambola, the top division in Mozambican football.

Founded in 15 of October 1955, Costa do Sol won its first title in 1979, the Mozambican league, and today is the club with the most titles won since national independence. They are nicknamed canarinhos (little canaries) for their equipment colour.

The club is sponsored by Meridianbet.
The Shanghai Drama
The Shanghai Drama (French: Le drame de Shanghaï) is a 1938 French drama film directed by G. W. Pabst and starring Christl Mardayn, Louis Jouvet and Raymond Rouleau. An exiled White Russian woman works as a cabaret singer in Shanghai to support her daughter through school. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Andrej Andrejew and Guy de Gastyne. It was shot at the Joinville Studios in Paris and on location in Saigon in French Indochina.

G. W. Pabst
Georg Wilhelm Pabst (25 August 1885 – 29 May 1967) was an Austrian film director and screenwriter. He started as an actor and theater director, before becoming one of the most influential German-language filmmakers during the Weimar Republic.