hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chesterfield Railroad
The Chesterfield Railroad was located in Chesterfield County, Virginia. It was a 13-mile (21-kilometer) long mule-and-gravity powered line that connected the Midlothian coal mines with wharves that were located at the head of navigation on the James River just below the Fall Line at Manchester (on the south bank directly across from Richmond). It began operating in 1831 as Virginia's first common carrier railroad.

Although it was dismantled before the American Civil War after being supplanted by the steam-powered Richmond and Danville Railroad, several portions of the embankments for the roadbed are extant in Chesterfield County near present-day Midlothian Turnpike.

Atlantic Seaboard Fall Line
The Atlantic Seaboard Fall Line, or Fall Zone, is a 900-mile (1,400 km) escarpment where the Piedmont and Atlantic coastal plain meet in the eastern United States. Much of the fall line passes through areas where no evidence of faulting is present.
Finghin Mac Cárthaigh
Finghin MacCarthy, also known as Fineen of Ringrone (Irish: Finghin Reanna Róin Mac Cárthaigh), was King of Desmond from 1251 to his death in 1261, shortly after his famous victory over John FitzGerald, 1st Baron Desmond at the Battle of Callann. He was the son of Donal Gott MacCarthy, King of Desmond and founder of the MacCarthy Reagh dynasty, Princes of Carbery, and for that reason is considered to belong to them.

It was largely Finghin MacCarthy's victory against the Geraldines that preserved Gaelic Desmond for the next three centuries.

Earl of Desmond
Earl of Desmond (Irish: Iarla Dheasumhan meaning Earl of South Munster) is a title of nobility created by the English monarch in the peerage of Ireland. The title has been created four times. It was first awarded in 1329 to Maurice FitzGerald, 4th Baron Desmond, a Hiberno-Norman lord in Southwest Ireland, and it was held by his descendants until 1583 when they rose against the English crown in the Desmond Rebellions. Following two short-lived recreations of the title in the early 1600s, the title has been held since 1628 by the Feilding family of Warwickshire, England. The current holder is Alexander Feilding, 12th Earl of Denbigh and 11th Earl of Desmond (4th creation). The earldom held by the Fitzgerald family historically comprised what is now  the entirety of County Limerick with large swathes of County Cork, County Kerry and County Waterford also being included. It bordered the Kingdom of Desmond, Kingdom of Thomond and the Earldom of Ormond
Abrau sprat
The Abrau sprat (Clupeonella abrau) is a species of freshwater fish in the family Clupeidae.  It is found landlocked in Russia in a single locality, Lake Abrau, located at 70 m above sea level near the Black Sea coast close to Novorossiysk. The lake is small and has been stocked by several alien species, whence the Abrau sprat is considered critically endangered. As a result of the 2019 expedition, several individuals of the Abrau sprat were caught and their mitocondrial genome were sequenced, which showed their identity with the museum specimens. This confirmed that the C. abrau is present in the fish community and is capable of reproducing in the Lake Abrau.

A sprat of the Lake Apolyont in Turkey, linked to the Sea of Marmara, was earlier treated as a subspecies of the Abrau sprat, Clupeonella abrau muhilisi, but has more recently been considered an independent species Clupeonella muhlisi.

Novorossiysk
Novorossiysk (Russian: Новоросси́йск, IPA: [nəvərɐˈsʲijsk] ⓘ; Adyghe: ЦӀэмэз, romanized: C̣ămăz) is a city in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The port of Novorossiysk is one of the largest ports on the Black Sea. It is one of the cities designated as a Hero City by the Soviet Union. The population is 262,293 (2021 census);
Mojean Aria
Mojean Aria is an Australian actor, writer, producer and filmmaker.

As an actor, Mojean has worked alongside producers Peter Chernin, Jenno Topping, Mike De Luca, Aaron Ryder and others. He has starred opposite the likes of Russell Crowe, Hugh Jackman, Antonio Banderas and Jason Momoa.

Aaron Ryder
Aaron Ryder is an American film producer.

Early in his career, he was an executive producer of Christopher Nolan's Memento (2000) and Richard Kelly's Donnie Darko (2001), and also produced Nolan's The Prestige (2006). Ryder was one of the founding members of FilmNation Entertainment. During his time at FilmNation, he produced Mud (2012), House at the End of the Street (2012), The Founder (2016), Pieces of a Woman (2020), and The Map of Tiny Perfect Things (2021). In 2016, Ryder produced Denis Villeneuve's Arrival, which earned him an Academy Award for Best Picture nomination with Shawn Levy, Dan Levine, and David Linde. In early 2021, Ryder formed Ryder Picture Company, a film and television production company with a first-look-deal with MGM. Ryder's first production under the Ryder Picture Company banner, Bruiser (2022), premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival 2022, and the second feature, Dumb Money, was released in 2023.
Gutenko Nunataks
The Gutenko Nunataks are small, elongated nunataks 1 nautical mile (2 km) west of Mount Morgan in the Ford Ranges of Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica. They were discovered on aerial flights made from the West Base of the United States Antarctic Service in 1940. They were named after Sigmund Gutenko, a cook and steward at West Base.

Marie Byrd Land
Marie Byrd Land (MBL) is an unclaimed region of Antarctica. With an area of 1,610,000 km2 (620,000 sq mi), it is the largest unclaimed territory on Earth. It was named after the wife of American naval officer Richard E. Byrd, who explored the region in the early 20th century.

The territory lies in West Antarctica, east of the Ross Ice Shelf and the Ross Sea and south of the Pacific Ocean portion of the Antarctic or Southern Ocean, extending eastward approximately to a line between the head of the Ross Ice Shelf and Eights Coast. It stretches between 158°W and 103°24'W. The inclusion of the area between the Rockefeller Plateau and Eights Coast is based upon Byrd's exploration.
1970–71 Austrian Cup
The 1970–71 Austrian Cup (German: ÖFB-Cup) was the 37th season of Austria's nationwide football cup competition. The final was held at the Praterstadion, Vienna on 9 June 1971.

The competition was won by Austria Wien after beating Rapid Wien 2–1 after extra time.

FK Austria Wien
Fußballklub Austria Wien AG (German pronunciation: [ˈaʊstri̯aː ˈviːn]), known in English as Austria Vienna, and Austria Wien in German-speaking countries, is an Austrian professional association football club from the capital city of Vienna. It has won the most trophies of any Austrian club from the top flight, with 24 Austrian Bundesliga titles and 27 Austrian Cup titles. With 27 victories in the Austrian Cup and six in the Austrian Supercup, Austria Wien is also the most successful club in each of those tournaments. The club reached the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup final in 1978, and the semi-finals of the European Cup the season after. The club plays at the Franz Horr Stadium, known as the Generali Arena since a 2010 naming rights deal with an Italian insurance company. Along with their local rivals, they have never been relegated.
2016 Kaiserstuhl-Cup
The 2016 Kaiserstuhl-Cup (known as the AXA Kaiserstuhl-Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 32nd edition of the summer football friendly tournament, organised by German club Bahlinger SC. It was hosted at the Kaiserstuhlstadion in Bahlingen, from 6 to 7 August 2016. Besides the hosts, four other German teams took part: SC Freiburg, Darmstadt 98, Offenburger FV, and SV Endingen. SC Freiburg won the Kaiserstuhl-Cup after winning both of their matches.

Bahlingen
Bahlingen am Kaiserstuhl (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːlɪŋən ʔam ˈkaɪzɐʃtuːl], lit. 'Bahlingen on the Kaiserstuhl') is a municipality in the district of Emmendingen, Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany.
British Rail Class 25
The British Rail Class 25, also known as the Sulzer Type 2, is a class of 327 diesel locomotives built between 1961 and 1967 for British Rail. They were numbered in two series, D5151–D5299 and D7500–D7677.

The first 25 locos became known as Class 25/0 and were built at BR Darlington Works. The Class 25/1 locomotives were built at Darlington and BR Derby Works. The Class 25/2 locomotives were built at Derby with some built at Darlington. The final batch of locomotives were designated Class 25/3 and built by Derby Works and Beyer, Peacock and Company of Manchester.

Darlington Works
Darlington Works  was established in 1863 by the Stockton and Darlington Railway in the town of Darlington in the north east of England.
The main part of the works, the North Road Shops was located on the northeast side of the Stockton and Darlington Railway (now part of the Tees Valley Line)
1989 Paris Open
The 1989 Paris Open was a Grand Prix tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 17th edition of the Paris Open (later known as the Paris Masters). It took place at the Palais omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France, from 30 October through 6 November 1989. First-seeded Boris Becker won the singles title and earned $300,000 first-prize money.

Accor Arena
Accor Arena (originally known as the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy), also known as Bercy Arena, is an indoor sports arena and concert hall in Paris, France. It lies in the neighbourhood of Bercy, on the Boulevard de Bercy, in the 12th arrondissement of Paris. The closest Paris Métro station is Bercy, which also serves the Finance Ministry.

Designed by the architectural firm Andrault-Parat, Jean Prouvé and Aydin Guvan, the pyramidal arena's sloping walls are covered with a lawn. It can seat 7,000 to 20,300 people, depending on the event.

The arena was renamed Bercy Arena after renovations on 1 January 2015, AccorHotels Arena in October 2015, and given its current name in June 2020.

Since 1985, the arena hosts the annual Festival des Arts Martiaux. The 38th Festival des Arts Martiaux was held in March 2025.
Phil Nesser
Phillip Gregory Nesser  (December 10, 1880 – May 9, 1959) was a German-American professional American football player in the Ohio League and the early National Football League (NFL) for the Columbus Panhandles. He was also a member of the Nesser Brothers, a group consisting of seven brothers who made up the most famous football family in the United States from 1907 until the mid-1920s. He is distinguished as being the first German to play in the NFL.

Phil was primarily a tackle, although he often carried the ball on several plays.

Outside of football, Phil was considered a math genius although he never attended school past the fourth grade. According to his daughter, Phil later taught at Central High School in Columbus until the school's administrators found out he did not have a degree and forced him to resign. In addition to football, he was a champion hammer thrower.

Hammer throw
The hammer throw (Abbreviated as HT) is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track-and-field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

The hammer used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. These three components are each separate and can move independently. Both the size and weight of the ball vary between men's and women's events. The men's hammer weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb) for college and professional meets; the women's hammer weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).
Shanghai Indoor Stadium
The Shanghai Indoor Stadium (上海体育馆) is a multi-purpose gymnasium in Shanghai used mostly for basketball games.

Hailed as a great feat of engineering at the time of its construction, the building is now considered dated and out-classed by newly constructed sporting facilities nearby. It is now used for entertainment events and sporting competitions, like table tennis.

Shane Filan
Shane Steven Filan (born 5 July 1979) is an Irish singer best known for being a member and one of the lead singers of the pop vocal group Westlife.

Filan has released three solo albums: You and Me (2013), Right Here (2015), and Love Always (2017). He has appeared sixteen times in the UK Singles Chart with number-one hits, making him one of the most-appeared Irish music artists in British music number-one singles history.
Zileide Cassiano
Zileide Cassiano da Silva (born 6 February 1998) is a Brazilian Paralympic athlete who competes in international track and field competitions, she is a World champion in the long jump. She is a multiple regional and national champion in sprinting events, long jump and triple jump, she is a former hurdler. She has qualified to compete at the 2024 Summer Paralympics.

Cassiano had been training with non-disabled athletes before she was diagnosed with an intellectual disability in 2021. She is named after Brazilian journalist Zileide Silva inspired by her father.

Jornal Hoje
Jornal Hoje is a news program aired by the Brazilian television broadcaster TV Globo. The program is broadcast in the early afternoon from Monday to Saturday as part of a news block that also includes Praça TV and Globo Esporte. Since 31 October 2025, it is currently presented by Roberto Kovalick.
Ridgewood Park, Dallas
Ridgewood Park is a neighborhood in east Dallas Texas (USA).  It is bordered by Lovers Lane on the north, Abrams Road on the west, the DART Blue Line on the south, and Fisher Road on the east.

The city of Dallas' Ridgewood/Belcher Recreation Center is located in the southeastern portion of the neighborhood.

Blue Line (DART)
The Blue Line is a light rail line in the system of mass transit in Dallas, Texas (USA), operated by the Dallas Area Rapid Transit system.  Along with the Red Line, it is one of the original modern rail lines in Dallas.
Isla Verde Reef
Isla Verde Reef (Spanish: Arrecife de Isla Verde) is a coral reef surrounding the small Isla Verde (''green island'') cay in the northeastern Atlantic coast of the main island of Puerto Rico. Located near the shoreline at Punta del Medio (''middle point'') in the resort and residential district of Isla Verde in the municipality of Carolina, the reef, protected as the Isla Verde Reef Marine Reserve (Reserva Marina Arrecife de Isla Verde), is part of a larger reef system extending parallel to the coasts of Carolina and the neighboring capital municipality of San Juan. The reserve is home to endangered species, including manatees and sea turtles, and federally protected coral species like the elkhorn coral. The reef is also protected by organizations like Arrecifes Pro Ciudad and Para la Naturaleza (Puerto Rico Conservation Trust), with support from the University of Puerto Rico at Bayamón.

Sea turtle
Sea turtles (superfamily Chelonioidea), sometimes called marine turtles, are reptiles of the order Testudines and of the suborder Cryptodira. The seven existing species of sea turtles are the flatback, green, hawksbill, leatherback, loggerhead, Kemp's ridley, and olive ridley. Five of the seven species are listed as threatened with extinction globally on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The remaining two are not considered to be threatened with extinction, one of which, the flatback turtle, is found only in the waters of Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia.

Sea turtles can be categorized as hard-shelled (cheloniid) or leathery-shelled (dermochelyid). The only dermochelyid species of sea turtle is the leatherback.
Riccobono
Riccobono is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Eva Riccobono (born 1983), Italian actress

Fifa Riccobono, Italian music executive

Rosario Riccobono (1929–1982), Italian mobster

Salvatore Riccobono (1864–1958), Italian Roman law scholar

Vincenzo Riccobono (1861–1943), Italian botanist specialising in cacti

Vincenzo Riccobono
Vincenzo Riccobono (1861–1943) was an Italian botanist who researched extensively on cacti. He described the genus Trichocereus, now sunk into Echinopsis. While collecting specimens in Libya in 1943, he was shot dead by American soldiers after running away from them at a security checkpoint.
Phineas Finn
Phineas Finn is a novel by Anthony Trollope and the name of its leading character. The novel was first published as a monthly serial from 1867 to 1868 and issued in book form in 1869. It is the second of the "Palliser" series of novels. Its sequel, Phineas Redux, is the fourth novel in the series.

It deals with British politics of the 1860s, including voting reform, secret ballot, rotten boroughs, and Irish tenant-right, as well as Finn's romances with women of fortune, which would secure his financial future.

Tenant-right
Tenant-right is a term in the common law system expressing the right to compensation which a tenant has, either by custom or by law, against his landlord for increment at the termination of his tenancy.

In England, it was governed for most part by the Agricultural Holdings Acts and the Allotments and Small Holdings Acts. The preceding were reformed by the Agricultural Tenancies Act 1995. In Ireland, tenant-right was a custom, prevailing particularly in Ulster, known as the Custom of Ulster, by which the tenant acquired a right not to have his rent raised arbitrarily at the expiration of his term. This resulted in Ulster in considerable fixity of tenure and, in case of a desire on the part of the tenant to sell his farm, made the tenant-right of considerable capital value, amounting often to many years rent.

The Evesham Custom is one example of a tenant-right custom still in 21st century operation, having been given a specific exemption from the Agricultural Tenancies Act 1995.
Ushnas Prize
Ushnas Prize, also known as the Shri Ushnas Paritoshik (Gujarati: શ્રી ઉશનસ્ પારિતોષિક), is a literary award presented in Gujarat, India, by the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad (Gujarati Literary Council). The award is named after the Gujarati poet Ushnas. The Ushnas Prize is conferred every two years to the poet who has authored the most outstanding long narrative poem or series of sonnets published during the previous two year period.

Sonnet
A sonnet is a fixed poetic form with a structure traditionally consisting of fourteen lines adhering to a set rhyming scheme. The term derives from the Italian word sonetto (lit. 'little song', from the Latin word sonus, lit. 'sound'). Originating in 13th-century Sicily, the sonnet was in time taken up in many European-language areas, mainly to express romantic love at first, although eventually any subject was considered acceptable. Many formal variations were also introduced, including abandonment of the quatorzain limit – and even of rhyme altogether in modern times.
Xiao Jun
Xiao Jun (simplified Chinese: 萧军; traditional Chinese: 蕭軍; pinyin: Xiāo Jūn, 3 July 1907 – 22 June 1988), born Liu Honglin (劉鴻霖), was a Chinese author and intellectual from Linghai, Liaoning, China. Of Manchu ethnicity, Xiao's most famous work in China is his 1934 novel Village in August (八月的鄉村) which gained both popular and critical praise as anti-Japanese literature. He, along with Xiao Hong, is considered one of the most representative authors of the left-wing Northeast Authors Group (東北作家群). The names Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun were chosen by each author so that when put together they would be xiao xiao hongjun (小小紅軍, tiny red army).

Anti-Japanese sentiment
Anti-Japanese sentiment (also called Japanophobia, Nipponophobia and anti-Japanism) is the fear or dislike of Japan or Japanese culture. Anti-Japanese sentiment can take many forms, from antipathy toward Japan as a country to racist hatred of Japanese people.
1930 Loyola Lions football team
The 1930 Loyola Lions football team was an American football team that represented Loyola University of Los Angeles (now known as Loyola Marymount University) as an independent during the 1930 college football season. In their first season under head coach Tom Lieb, the Lions compiled a 2–3–1 record.

1930 college football season
The 1930 college football season saw Notre Dame repeat as national champion under the Dickinson System, as well as claim the No. 1 position from each of the other three contemporary major selectors, (the Boand, Dunkel, and Houlgate Systems). The post-season Rose Bowl matchup featured two unbeaten (9–0) teams, Washington State and Alabama, ranked No. 2 and No. 3, respectively, by Dickinson.  Alabama won the Pasadena contest, 24–0.
Delta Wave
Delta Wave was a British children's science fiction television drama series produced by Tetra Films. It aired on the ITV network from 3 January to 6 March 1996, lasting only a single 10-episode season. The show centered on three main characters, Dr. Ruby Munro and two children with psychic powers named Julia and Ed. The three have a series of adventures and strange encounters, including time travel back to the Victorian era.

The main cast included Robin McCaffrey as Dr. Ruby Munro, Ania Sowinski as Julia Stone and Jason Stracey as Ed Curtis. Additional cast included Una Stubbs who appeared in 4 episodes, Victoria Wicks who appeared in 4 episodes, and Peter Capaldi who appeared in 2 episodes.

Victoria Wicks
Victoria Wicks (born 18 April 1959) is a British actress. She is known for her role as Sally Smedley in Channel 4's comedy series Drop the Dead Donkey (1990–1998), Mrs. Gideon in The Mighty Boosh (2004), and the College Director in Skins (2007–08). Her film appearances include The Imitation Game (2014) and High-Rise (2015). She is an associate of Howard Barker's theatre company, The Wrestling School.
Order-2 apeirogonal tiling
In geometry, an order-2 apeirogonal tiling, apeirogonal dihedron, or infinite dihedron is a tessellation (gap-free filling with repeated shapes) of the plane consisting of two apeirogons. It may be considered an improper regular tiling of the Euclidean plane, with Schläfli symbol {∞, 2}. Two apeirogons joined along all their edges can completely fill the entire plane, as an apeirogon is infinite in size and has an interior angle of 180°, which is half of a full 360°.

Schläfli symbol
In geometry, the Schläfli symbol is a notation of the form {p,q,r, ...}  that defines regular polytopes and tessellations.

The Schläfli symbol is named after the 19th-century Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli, who generalized Euclidean geometry to more than three dimensions and discovered all their convex regular polytopes, including the six that occur in four dimensions.
Pungarehu
Pungarehu is a small town located on Surf Highway 45 in Taranaki, New Zealand. Pungarehu is the home of the Cape Egmont Lighthouse, situated at Taranaki's westernmost point.

The town centre is located almost 5 km from the coast line.

Taranaki (iwi)
Taranaki (Tuturu) is a Māori iwi of New Zealand.

Taranaki iwi were an important part of the First and Second Taranaki Wars. At least 13 members of Taranaki died during the First Taranaki War, mostly defending Waireka on 28 March 1860, including Paora Kūkūtai (chief of the Patukai hapū) and Paratene te Kopara (chief of Ngā Māhanga a Tairi).

Wellington pan-tribal Māori radio station Te Upoko O Te Ika has been affiliated to Taranaki since 2014. It began part-time broadcasting in 1983 and full-time broadcasting in 1987, and it is New Zealand's longest-running Māori radio station.

Radio station Te Korimako O Taranaki is affiliated with Taranaki and other local iwi, including Ngāti Tama, Te Ātiawa, Ngāi Maru, Ngāruahine, Ngāti Mutunga, Ngāti Ruanui, and Ngā Rauru Kiitahi. It started at the Bell Block campus of Taranaki Polytechnic in 1992, and moved to the Spotswood campus in 1993. It is available on 94.8 FM across Taranaki.
Fort Robidoux
Fort Robidoux (or Rubidoux), also known as Fort Uintah and Fort Wintya, was a fur trading post at the junction of the Uinta River and Whiterocks River in the Uinta Basin of what is today Uintah County, Northeastern Utah. Fort Robidoux was founded in 1832 after Antoine Robidoux bought the Reed Trading Post that had been in operation there since 1828.

Whiterocks River
The Whiterocks River is a river in Uintah and Duchesne counties in Utah, United States. It flows south for about 29 miles (47 km) from the Uinta Mountains to join the Uinta River, a tributary of the Duchesne River, near Whiterocks.