hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johann Gottlieb Buhle
Johann Gottlieb Buhle (German: [ˈbuːlə]; 29 September 1763 – 11 August 1821), German scholar and philosopher, was born at Brunswick and educated at Göttingen. He became professor of philosophy at Göttingen, Moscow (in 1804), and Brunswick. Of his numerous publications, the most important are the Lehrbuch der Geschichte der Philosophie und einer kritischen Literatur derselben (8 volumes, 1796–1804), and Geschichte der neuern Philosophie seit der Epoche der Wiederherstellung der Wissenschaften (6 volumes, 1800–1804). The latter, elaborate and well written, is lacking in critical appreciation and proportion; there are French and Italian translations. He edited Aratus (2 volumes, 1793, 1801) and part of Aristotle (Bipontine edition, vols. I–V, 1791–1804).

In 1804 he argued that speculative Freemasonry arose in England between 1629 and 1635 through the work of Robert Fludd, who had earlier been introduced to Rosicrucianism by Michael Maier.

Buhle died at Brunswick.

Aratus
Aratus (/əˈreɪtəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἄρατος ὁ Σολεύς; c. 315/310  – 240 BC) was a Greek didactic poet. His major extant work is his hexameter poem Phenomena (Ancient Greek: Φαινόμενα, Phainómena, "Appearances"; Latin: Phaenomena), the first half of which is a verse setting of a lost work of the same name by Eudoxus of Cnidus. It describes the constellations and other celestial phenomena. The second half is called the Diosemeia (Διοσημεῖα "Forecasts"), and is chiefly about weather lore. Although Aratus was somewhat ignorant of Greek astronomy, his poem was very popular in the Greek and Roman world, as is proven by the large number of commentaries and Latin translations, some of which survive.
Gretchen Bangert
Gretchen Bangert (born June 11, 1966) is an American politician who served in the Missouri House of Representatives from 2017 to 2025. She was first elected from the 69th district, then in 2022 from the 70th district. In 2024, she stood down from the state legislature to run for St. Louis County Council.

Missouri House of Representatives
The Missouri House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the Missouri General Assembly, the upper chamber being the Missouri Senate. It has 163 members, representing districts with an average size of 37,000 residents. House members are elected for two-year terms during general elections held in even-numbered years.

Missouri's house is the fourth largest in the United States even as the state ranks 18th in population. The only states with a larger lower house in the United States are New Hampshire (400), Pennsylvania (203), and Georgia (180). Republicans have controlled the State House since 2003.

The next election will be held in 2026.
Cunard (surname)
Cunard is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham Cunard (1756–1824), Canadian carpenter, merchant, and ship owner

Grace Cunard (1893–1967), American silent film actress

Joseph Cunard (1799–1865), Canadian merchant, shipbuilder and politician

Maud Cunard (1872–1948), American-born London hostess

Mina Cunard (1894–1978), American actress

Nancy Cunard (1896–1965), English writer, editor, and publisher

Samuel Cunard (1787–1865), British shipping magnate

Nancy Cunard
Nancy Clara Cunard (10 March 1896 – 17 March 1965) was a British writer, heiress and political activist. She was born into the British upper class, and devoted much of her life to fighting racism and fascism. She became a muse to some of the 20th century's most distinguished writers and artists, including Wyndham Lewis, Aldous Huxley, Tristan Tzara, Ezra Pound and Louis Aragon—who were among her lovers—as well as Ernest Hemingway, James Joyce, Constantin Brâncuși, Langston Hughes, Man Ray and William Carlos Williams. MI5 documents reveal that she was involved with Indian diplomat, orator, and statesman V. K. Krishna Menon.

In later years she suffered from mental illness, and her physical health deteriorated. When she died in the Hôpital Cochin, Paris, she weighed only 26 kilograms (57 pounds; 4 stone 1 pound).
R. Watts
Richard Watts (died 24 March 1844) was an early nineteenth-century English printer, located in Crown Court, Temple Bar, London. His work is identified under the signature R. Watts.

Watts was the printer for the University of Cambridge from 1802 until 1809, (a switch to stenotype was made by the school in 1804). He left Cambridge in 1809 and set up a printing workshop in Broxbourne, subsequently setting up the Oriental Type-Foundry on Temple Bar, London, in 1816.

Watts developed a reputation as "a cutter and founder of Oriental and foreign characters, of which he accumulated a considerable collection". His Oriental Type-Foundry was also the oriental printer for the Church Missionary Society, the Bible Society, the Prayer Book Society, and the Homily Society.

Watts's son, William Mavor Watts (1797/98-1874), took over the printing business in Crown Court, Temple Bar.

Watts died age 70 and is buried in All Saints' Church, Edmonton.

Church Mission Society
The Church Mission Society (CMS), formerly known as the Church Missionary Society, is a British Anglican mission society working internationally with Christians. CMS was founded in 1799, and has given its name "CMS" to a number of daughter organisations around the world, including Australia and New Zealand, which have now become independent.
Monte Rotondo
Monte Rotondo (Corsican: Monte Ritondu) is a mountain in the department of Haute-Corse on the island of Corsica, France.
At 2,622 metres (8,602 ft) it is the second highest in Corsica, after Monte Cinto. It is the highest point on the Monte Rotondo massif.

Haute-Corse
Haute-Corse (French: [ot kɔʁs] ⓘ; Corsican: Corsica suprana [ˈkorsiɡa zuˈprana], Cismonte [tʃiˈzmɔnte] or Alta Corsica; English: Upper Corsica) is a department of France, consisting of the northern part of the island of Corsica. The corresponding departmental territorial collectivity merged with that of Corse-du-Sud on 1 January 2018, forming the single territorial collectivity of Corsica, with territorial elections coinciding with the dissolution of the separate councils. However, even though its administrative powers were ceded to the new territorial collectivity, it continues to remain an administrative department in its own right. In 2019, it had a population of 181,933.
Tanichthys
Tanichthys is a genus of freshwater fish. It is the only genus in the family Tanichthyidae in the order Cypriniformes. They are native to rivers and streams in China and Vietnam. Until recently, the type species, T. albonubes, was the only one known. In 2001, however, Jörg Freyhof and Fabian Herder described a new and very similar species, T. micagemmae, from the Ben Hai River in Vietnam, and Nguyễn Văn Hảo and Ngô Sy Van described a third species from Vietnam.

The name Tanichthys comes from the name of the Chinese Boy Scout leader, Tan Kam Fei, who discovered the first specimen.

Bến Hải River
The Bến Hải River (Vietnamese: Sông Bến Hải) is a river in central Vietnam which became an important landmark in the partition of the country into a northern and a southern zone along the 17th parallel by the Geneva Accords of 1954 then ended in 1975. The demilitarized zone (DMZ) separating the two parts extended about 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) from either side of the river.
Shujauddin Butt
Shujauddin Butt (10 April 1930 – 7 February 2006) was a Pakistani army officer and cricketer who played in 19 Tests from 1954 to 1962.

He served in the Pakistan Army for 26 years, retiring as a lieutenant colonel in 1978. In 1955 he toured India with the Pakistan national team.
He was educated at Islamia College, Lahore.
In 1971 he was captured during the 1971 Indo-Pakistan War and held as a prisoner-of-war in India for 18 months.

He managed Pakistan's tours to Australia and the West Indies in 1976–77. He wrote two books of Pakistan cricket history, From Babes of Cricket to World Champions (1996) and The Chequered History of Pakistan Cricket (2003), with Mohammed Salim Parvez.

Butt died in London on 7 February 2006.

Government Islamia College, Civil Lines, Lahore
Government Islamia Graduate College, Civil Lines, Lahore (Urdu: اسلامیہ کالج) is a government college in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Founded by the Arya Samaj as the Dayanand Anglo Vedic school on 1 June 1886, It was later renamed Dayanand Anglo Vedic (DAV) College after the Hindu leader Dayananda Saraswati.

The college was nationalized by the Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto regime in 1972. It is operated by the Ministry of Education (Higher Wing), Government of Punjab, Pakistan.
Ten Steps Back
"Ten Steps Back" is a song by German recording artist Jessica Wahls. It was written by Anders Bagge, Arnthor Birgisson, and Kandi Burruss, and produced by Björn Krumbügel, featuring co-production from Yann "Yanou" Peifer. Cheyenne Records and Polydor Island released the uptempo song as Wahls's solo debut single on 8 September 2003 following her departure from No Angels. It debuted and peaked at number 41 on the German Singles Chart.

Yanou
Yann Peifer (born 6 March 1974), known professionally as Yanou, is a German trance and Eurodance musician and producer. He is most famous for collaborating on DJ Sammy's hit "Heaven" with vocalist Do and for being a member of the popular German trance acts Tune Up! with DJ Manian, and Cascada alongside Natalie Horler as well as Manian. Before Yanou worked with Tune Up!, Cascada and DJ Sammy, he produced and wrote tracks for "Beam & Yanou" in the late 1990s.
Cimahi railway station
Cimahi Station (CMI) (Sundanese: ᮞ᮪ᮒᮞᮤᮇᮔ᮪ ᮎᮤᮙᮠᮤ, romanized: Stasion Cimahi) is a class II railway station located in Baros, Padalarang, West Bandung Regency, to be precise on Station Street, Bandung Barat. The station, which is located at an altitude of +723 meters, is included in the Operational Area II Bandung.

Sundanese language
Sundanese (/ˌsʌndəˈniːz/ SUN-də-NEEZ; endonym: Basa Sunda, Sundanese script: ᮘᮞ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ, Pegon script: بَاسَا سُوْندَا, pronounced [basa sʊnda]) is an Austronesian language spoken in Java, primarily by the Sundanese. It has approximately 32 million native speakers in the western third of Java; they represent about 15% of Indonesia's total population.
Ang Panday (2017 film)
Carlo J. Caparas' Ang Panday (lit. 'The Blacksmith') is a 2017 Filipino superhero fantasy action film based on the eponymous comic book character created by Carlo J. Caparas along with his co-creator Steve Gan. Serving as the seventh installment of the Panday series, the film is co-written, directed and produced by Coco Martin, who also stars in the title role.

The film serves as an official entry to the 2017 Metro Manila Film Festival, and marks Martin's directorial debut under his real name, Rodel Nacianceno. The film received mixed to positive reviews but it was box office success along with Gandarrapiddo: The Revenger Squad and it was the first and only time to have 2 co-productions between Star Cinema and Viva Films movies released at the same time during MMFF.

Kylie Verzosa
Kylie Fausto Verzosa (Tagalog: [ˈkɐjli bɛɾˈsɔsɐ]; born February 7, 1992) is a Filipino actress, model, presenter, and beauty queen who won Binibining Pilipinas International 2016 and Miss International 2016. She is the sixth Filipina to win Miss International.
Jean-Luc Fillon
Jean-Luc Fillon is a French oboist, English hornist, double bassist, electric bassist, orchestra conductor and composer. He began in 1987 as oboe soloist in the European Symphonic Orchestra, and since 2001, Fillon has made numerous musical compositions that use the oboe and English horn in jazz and improvisation.

Improvisation
Improvisation or improvization (often shortened to improv) is the activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand, using whatever can be found. The origin of the word itself is in the Latin "improvisus", which literally means un-foreseen. Improvisation in the performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific or scripted preparation. The skills of improvisation can apply to many different faculties across all artistic, scientific, physical, cognitive, academic, and non-academic disciplines; see Applied improvisation.
2024 Trophée Clarins – Singles
Diana Shnaider won the singles title at the 2024 Trophée Clarins, defeating Emma Navarro in the final, 6–2, 3–6, 6–4.

Diane Parry was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Erika Andreeva.

Olivia Gadecki
Olivia Gadecki (/ɡəˈdɛtskiː/; born 24 April 2002) is an Australian professional tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 83, achieved on 7 October 2024 and a best doubles ranking of No. 52, reached on 8 December 2025. She won two mixed doubles titles in the 2025 and 2026 editions of the Australian Open with compatriot John Peers.
Gani Geci
Gani Geci (born 1968) is a Kosovar Albanian former politician and veteran of the Kosovo Liberation Army (UÇK).Geci was active in the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) youth wing in the 1990s and fought in the UÇK during the 1998–99 Kosovo War. After the war, he entered politics and was elected to the Assembly of Kosovo around the time of the 2008 declaration of independence. He signed the 2008 Kosovo Declaration of Independence as an Assembly member. Geci later served as a deputy (MP) in the Assembly for the Dardania Democratic League (LDD) faction of the LDK.

Kosovo Albanians
The Albanians of Kosovo (Albanian: Shqiptarët e Kosovës, pronounced [ʃcipˈtaɾət ɛ kɔˈsɔvəs]), commonly also called Kosovo Albanians, Kosovan Albanians or Kosovar Albanians,  are an ethnic Albanian population native to Kosovo and constitute the country's largest ethnic group. They belong to the Gheg dialectical sub-group of Albanians, because they speak Gheg Albanian. According to the 2024 national census by the ASK, Albanians comprise 91.8% of the population in Kosovo.
Neil M. Colgan
Neil M. Colgan (December 12, 1953 — July 25, 1979) was a Canadian adventurer, hiker, motorcyclist, biological researcher, naturalist, and national park warden. He was a member of climbing expeditions in the Canadian Rockies, the Andes and Alaska.

On a solo back country horse patrol as a Canadian national park warden in Banff National Park, Colgan was kicked by his horse, rupturing his spleen. He died of internal bleeding. He was buried in Mountain View Cemetery in Banff, Alberta.

Tales of his Warden career and death are included in the book Switchbacks by Sid Marty in the chapters entitled "The Dude, the Warden and the Marvel Lake Kid" and "Whence is Courage?".

The Neil Colgan Hut, the highest permanent structure in Canada, was built in his memory with funding from his family and the Alpine Club of Canada

He is also commemorated in the Canadian Police and Peace Officers' Memorial on Parliament Hill in Ottawa.

National parks of Canada
National parks of Canada are vast natural spaces located throughout the country that are protected by Parks Canada, a government agency. Parks Canada manages the National Parks and Reserves in order to protect and preserve the Canadian wildlife and habitat that fall within the ecosystems of the park, educate visitors, and ensure public enjoyment in ways that do not compromise the area for future generations. The areas that fall within Parks Canada's governance include a wide range of protected areas, encompassing National Historic Sites, National Marine Conservation Areas (NMCA), and National Park Reserves. Canada established its first national park in Banff in 1885, and has since expanded its national park system to include 37 national parks and 11 national park reserves.
2003 Royal Bank Cup
The 2003 Royal Bank Cup was the 33rd Junior "A" 2003 ice hockey National Championship for the Canadian Junior A Hockey League.

The Royal Bank Cup was competed for by the winners of the Doyle Cup, Anavet Cup, Dudley Hewitt Cup, the Fred Page Cup and a host city.

The tournament was hosted by the Charlottetown Abbies in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.

Charlottetown
Charlottetown is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and the county seat of Queens County. Named after Queen Charlotte, Charlottetown was an unincorporated town until it was incorporated as a city in 1855.

It was the site of the famous Charlottetown Conference in 1864, the first gathering of Canadian and Maritime statesmen to discuss the proposed Maritime Union. This conference led, instead, to the union of British North American colonies in 1867, which was the beginning of the Canadian Confederation. Prince Edward Island, however, did not join Confederation until 1873. From this, the city adopted as its motto Cunabula Foederis, "Birthplace of Confederation".

The population of Charlottetown is estimated to be 40,500 (2022); this forms the centre of a census agglomeration of 83,063 (2021), which is roughly half of the province's population (160,302).
Bomilcar (4th century BC)
Bomilcar (Punic: 𐤁𐤃‬𐤌𐤋‬𐤒‬𐤓‬𐤕‬, BDMLQRT) was a Carthaginian commander in the war against Agathocles, who invaded Africa in 310 BC.

In the first battle with the invaders, his colleague Hanno was killed and, according to Diodorus, Bomilcar permitted the enemy to succeed on the field with the hope that his frightened countrymen would permit him to become tyrant of Carthage. In 308 BC, after many delays and misgivings, he attempted to seize the government with the aid of 500 citizens and a number of mercenaries, but his followers were induced to desert him by promises of pardon. He himself was taken and crucified.

Punic language
The Punic language, also called Phoenicio-Punic or Carthaginian, is an extinct variety of the Phoenician language, a Canaanite language of the Northwest Semitic branch of the Semitic languages. An offshoot of the Phoenician language of coastal West Asia (modern Lebanon and north western Syria), it was principally spoken on the Mediterranean coast of Northwest Africa, the Iberian Peninsula  and several Mediterranean islands, such as Malta, Sicily, and Sardinia by the Punic people, or western Phoenicians, throughout classical antiquity, from the 8th century BC to the 6th century AD.
Australian Legends
The Australian Legends is an annual series of commemorative postage stamps issued by Australia Post since 1997. The stamps commemorate living Australians who have made lifetime contributions to the development of the Commonwealth's national identity and character. Prior to 1997, the only living persons who could appear on Australian stamps were members of the British royal family, with the exception of Gwoya Tjungurrayi in 1950.

As examples of Australian graphic art, the stamps are designed to tell the story of events and personalities that shaped contemporary Australia.  Each becomes part of a collective Australian memory which reflects Australian values and documents the development of Australia's national identity.

In addition to the philatelic commemoration, the honour is also known as the Australia Post Australian Legends Award.

Russell Crowe appears in the series despite not holding Australian citizenship.

Commemorative stamp
A commemorative stamp is a postage stamp, often issued on a significant date such as an anniversary, to honor or commemorate a place, event, person, or object. The subject of the commemorative stamp is usually spelled out in print, unlike definitive stamps which normally depict the subject along with the denomination and country name only. Many postal services issue several commemorative stamps each year, sometimes holding first day of issue ceremonies at locations connected with the subjects. Commemorative stamps can be used alongside ordinary stamps. Unlike definitive stamps that are often reprinted and sold over a prolonged period of time for general usage, commemorative stamps are usually printed in limited quantities and sold for a much shorter period of time, usually, until supplies run out.
China Quality Certification Center
The China Quality Certification Center (CQC, Chinese: 中国质量认证中心; pinyin: Zhōngguó Zhìliàng Rènzhèng Zhōngxīn) is a Chinese administration based in Beijing with responsibilities for the implementation of product certification. It is responsible for product standards and quality standards sold on the Chinese market.

Quality management
Quality management (QM) ensures that an organization, product, or service consistently performs as intended. It has four main components: quality planning, quality assurance, quality control, and quality improvement. Customers recognize that quality is an important attribute when choosing and purchasing products and services. Suppliers can recognize that quality is an important differentiator of their offerings, and endeavor to compete on the quality of their products and the service they offer. Thus, quality management is focused both on product and service quality.
Shields River
The Shields River is a tributary of the Yellowstone River, 65.4 miles (105.3 km) long, in Meagher and Park Counties Montana in the United States.

It rises in the Gallatin National Forest in the Crazy Mountains in northern Park County. It flows west, then south, between the Bridger Range to the west and the Crazy Mountains to the east, past Wilsall and Clyde Park. It joins the Yellowstone approximately 10 mi (16 km) northeast of Livingston.
The Shields River was named for John Shields (explorer), a member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

The river hosts native Yellowstone cutthroat trout and Mountain whitefish as well as introduced brown and rainbow trout.

Meagher County, Montana
Meagher County (/mɑːr/ MAR) is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,927. Its county seat is White Sulphur Springs.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the 2010 center of population of Montana is located in Meagher County at 46°47′N 111°18′W﻿ / ﻿46.78°N 111.3°W﻿ / 46.78; -111.3
PBA Galleries
PBA Galleries is a San Francisco auction house specializing in rare books, manuscripts, maps and atlases, photographs, golf books, Americana, modern literature and related materials. PBA conducts approximately twenty-five gallery auctions in a calendar year

Photograph
A photograph (also known as a photo, or more generically referred to as an image or picture) is an image created by light falling on a photosensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic image sensor. The process and practice of creating such images is called photography.

Photographs are now created using a smartphone or camera, which uses a lens to focus the scene's visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of what the human eye would perceive.
Tom Anthony (American football)
Thomas Anthony (born October 14, 1982) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Pittsburg State University, a position he has held since 2024. He also coached for Augustana College, St. Francis, Youngstown State, Miami of Ohio, Lake Erie, Baldwin Wallace, St. Ambrose, Texas Southern, and Western Illinois. He played college football for Iowa State and Augustana College and professionally for the New York Dragons, Albany Conquest, and Quad City Steamwheelers of the Arena Football League (AFL).

Augustana (Illinois) Vikings football
The Augustana Vikings football team represents Augustana College in college football at the NCAA Division III level. The Vikings are members of the College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin (CCIW), fielding its team in the CCIW since 1946 when it was known as the College Conference of Illinois. The Vikings play their home games at Charles D. Lindberg Stadium in Rock Island, Illinois.

The team's head coach is Steve Bell, who took over the position for the 2015 season.