hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sidney Spivak
Sidney Joel Spivak, QC (May 23, 1928 – July 8, 2002) was a Manitoba politician. He was a Cabinet minister in the governments of Dufferin Roblin, Walter Weir and Sterling Lyon, and was himself leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba (PCs) from 1971 to 1975.

Executive Council of Manitoba
The Executive Council of Manitoba (French: Conseil exécutif du Manitoba), more commonly known as the Cabinet of Manitoba, is the cabinet of the Canadian province of Manitoba. As of 2023, the current cabinet are members of the New Democratic Party, and have been since 2023.

Almost always made up of members of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, the Cabinet is similar in structure and role to the Cabinet of Canada while being smaller in size. As federal and provincial responsibilities differ, there are a number of different portfolios between the federal and provincial governments.

The Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba, as representative of the King in Right of Manitoba, heads the council, and is referred to as the Governor-in-Council. Other members of the Cabinet, who advise (or minister) the vice-regal, are selected by the Premier of Manitoba and appointed by the Lieutenant-Governor. Most cabinet ministers are the head of a ministry, but this is not always the case.
William Douglas, 1st Duke of Queensberry
William Douglas, 1st Duke of Queensberry PC (1637 – 28 March 1695), also 3rd Earl of Queensberry and 1st Marquess of Queensberry, was a Scottish politician.

He was the son of James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Queensberry and his second wife Margaret Stewart, daughter of John Stewart, 1st Earl of Traquair. He succeeded his father as Earl of Queensberry in 1671 and took his seat in the Parliament of Scotland on 12 June 1672.

Privy Council of England
The Privy Council of England, also known as His (or Her) Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council (Latin: concilium familiare, concilium privatum et assiduum), was a body of advisers to the sovereign of the Kingdom of England. Its members were often senior members of the House of Lords and the House of Commons, together with leading churchmen, judges, diplomats and military leaders.

The Privy Council of England was a powerful institution, advising the sovereign on the exercise of the royal prerogative and on the granting of royal charters. It issued executive orders known as Orders in Council and also had judicial functions.

In 1708, the Privy Council of England was abolished and subsumed into the Privy Council of Great Britain along with the Privy Council of Scotland.
The Tinderbox
"The Tinderbox" (Danish: Fyrtøjet) is a literary fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen about a soldier who acquires a magic tinderbox capable of summoning three powerful dogs to do his bidding. When the soldier has one of the dogs transport a sleeping princess to his room, he is sentenced to death but cunningly summons the dogs to save his life.

In the Aarne-Thompson tale index, "The Tinderbox" is type 562: The Spirit in the Blue Light. Other tales of this type include The Three Dogs and The Blue Light.

Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index
The Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index (ATU Index) is a catalogue of folktale types used in folklore studies. The ATU index is the product of a series of revisions and expansions by an international group of scholars: Originally published in German by Finnish folklorist Antti Aarne (1910), the index was translated into English, revised, and expanded by American folklorist Stith Thompson (1928, 1961), and later further revised and expanded by German folklorist Hans-Jörg Uther (2004). The ATU index is an essential tool for folklorists, used along with the Thompson (1932) Motif-Index of Folk-Literature.
Waterbury Clock Company factory
The Waterbury Clock Company factory is a historic complex of factory buildings in Waterbury, Connecticut.  Development began in 1873, with the extensive plant serving as the company's main manufacturing facility and headquarters until 1944.  The company is now known as the Timex Group USA, and was for a time one of the world's largest manufacturers of pocket watches.  The surviving elements of the manufacturing complex were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.  The property has since been subdivided and is home to a variety of primarily industrial or commercial uses.

Timex Group USA
Timex Group USA, Inc. (formerly known as Timex Corporation) is an American global watch manufacturing company founded in 1854 as the Waterbury Clock Company in Waterbury, Connecticut. In 1944, the company became insolvent but was reformed into Timex Corporation. In 2008, the company was acquired by Timex Group B.V. and was renamed Timex Group USA.

Thomas Olsen purchased the Waterbury Clock Company in New York in 1941 and renamed it Timex, a portmanteau of the names of Time magazine and Kleenex.
Lian Po
Lian Po (Chinese: 廉頗; c. 327 BC – 243 BC), was a prominent General of the Zhao state in the Warring States period of Chinese history. He is regarded by Chinese modern folklore as one of the Four Greatest Generals of the Late Warring States period, along with Bai Qi, Wang Jian and Li Mu. Since his early years as a general, he won multiple battles, which earn him fame and a successful military career in his home state.

Wei (state)
Wei (/weɪ/; Chinese: 魏; pinyin: Wèi) was one of the seven major states during the Warring States period of ancient China. It was created from the three-way Partition of Jin, together with Han and Zhao. Its territory lay between the states of Qin and Qi and included parts of modern-day Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, and Shandong. After its capital was moved from Anyi to Daliang (present-day Kaifeng) during the reign of King Hui, Wei was also called Liang (Chinese: 梁; pinyin: Liáng).

It should not to be confused with the smaller central Wey state 衞, which is still sometimes only differentiated by its Chinese character.
Therese Malfatti
Baroness Therese von Droßdik (née Malfatti; 1 January 1792 – 27 April 1851) was an Austrian musician and a close friend of Ludwig van Beethoven. She is best known as the potential dedicatee of Beethoven's famous bagatelle, "Für Elise", WoO 59.

WoO
Werke ohne Opuszahl ("Works without opus number") (WoO), also Kinsky–Halm Catalogue, is a German musical catalogue prepared in 1955 by Georg Kinsky and Hans Halm, usually listing all of the compositions of Ludwig van Beethoven that were not originally published with an opus number, or survived only as fragments. The work was originally titled in German Das Werk Beethovens: Thematisch-bibliographisches Verzeichnis seiner sämtlichen vollendeten Kompositionen.

The abbreviation WoO is also used sometimes to refer to works without opus by other composers, such as Johannes Brahms, Robert Schumann, Muzio Clementi, Louis Spohr, Joachim Raff, or Ferdinand Ries.
Cerarioporia
Cerarioporia is a fungal genus in the family Polyporaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Cerarioporia cystidiata, a wood-decaying poroid crust fungus found in tropical China. Cerarioporia resembles fungi placed in the genus Antrodia, but can be distinguished by its waxy to resinous fruit bodies, and microscopically by the thick-walled, encrusted cystidia. Additionally, Cerarioporia causes a white rot, while Antrodia are brown-rot fungi.

Cerarioporia is a member of the "core polyporoid clade", a phylogenetic grouping of fungi that is roughly equivalent to the family Polyporaceae. The generic name Cerarioporia, derived from Latin roots, refers to the waxy tube layer that is characteristic of this fungus.

Corticioid fungi
The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the undersides of dead tree trunks or branches. They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or patch fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Corticium ("corticioid" means Corticium-like) and subsequently to the family Corticiaceae, but it is now known that all corticioid species are not necessarily closely related. The fact that they look similar is an example of convergent evolution. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to retain the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "corticioid fungi" and this term is frequently used in research papers and other texts.
Earth Interactions
Earth Interactions (EI) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Meteorological Society, American Geophysical Union, and Association of American Geographers. EI publishes research on the interactions among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere, including, but not limited to, research on human impacts, such as land cover change, irrigation, dams/reservoirs, urbanization, pollution, and landslides.

Lithosphere
A lithosphere is the rigid outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the lithospheric mantle, the topmost portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of up to thousands of years or more. The crust and upper mantle are distinguished on the basis of chemistry and mineralogy.
John McMillan (New Brunswick politician)
John McMillan (August 4, 1816 – September 12, 1886) was a New Brunswick businessman and political figure. He represented Restigouche in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal member from 1867 to 1868.

He was born on the Isle of Arran, Scotland in 1816 and came to New Brunswick with his father in 1832. McMillan worked at the timber trade and later with a partner established a lumber firm and a general store at Campbellton. He was named a justice of the peace in 1845. In 1857, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick for Restigouche County; he was reelected in 1861, 1865 and 1866. McMillan was Surveyor General from 1861 to 1865. He served as postmaster general for New Brunswick from 1866 until Confederation. He was elected to the House of Commons in 1867 but resigned in 1868 to become Inspector of Post Offices for the province.

He died in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1886.

Department of Energy and Resource Development (New Brunswick)
The Department of Natural Resources and Energy Development is the department in the Government of New Brunswick, Canada, that oversees matters related to natural resources and energy development.

It is responsible for management of the Province's forests including timber utilization; trail management; insect and disease protection including spruce budworm and gypsy moth; fire protection; management of the fish and wildlife resources and the issuing of hunting and angling licenses; management of mineral and hydrocarbon resources and associated support services including oil and natural gas development and production; geological surveys; management of Crown lands, including natural areas; oversight and development of the energy sector; and overseeing the delivery of the First Nations wood harvesting program.
Velankanni
Velankanni (Vēḷāṅkaṇṇi), is a Special Grade Panchayat Town in Nagapattinam district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It lies on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal, 350 km south of Chennai (Madras), 12 km south of Nagapattinam, and 33 km southeast of Thiruvarur.

A canal built to link this town with Vedaranyam still lies to the west. The Vellayar, a minor branch of the Cauvery River, runs south of the town and discharges into the sea. The town was among the worst hit by the tsunami caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake.

The town is home to one of the most visited Latin Catholic shrines called the Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health.

Velankanni has been chosen as one of the heritage cities for the Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) scheme of the Government of India.

Shrine
A shrine (Latin: scrinium "case or chest for books or papers"; Old French: escrin "box or case") is a sacred space dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, martyr, saint, daemon, or similar figure of respect, wherein they are venerated or worshipped. Shrines often contain idols, relics, or other such objects associated with the figure being venerated. A shrine at which votive offerings are made is called an altar.

Shrines are found in many of the world's religions, including Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese folk religion, Shinto, indigenous Philippine folk religions, and Germanic paganism as well as in secular and non-religious settings such as a war memorial. Shrines can be found in various settings, such as churches, temples, cemeteries, or as household shrines. Portable shrines are also found in some cultures.
Saureil
In Mandaeism, Ṣaureil, also spelled Ṣauriel or Ṣaurʿil (Classical Mandaic: ࡑࡀࡅࡓࡏࡉࡋ, Modern Mandaic pronunciation: [sˤauriˈel]), is the angel of death. Ṣaureil features prominently in Book 1 of the Left Ginza as the angel who announces the message of death to Adam and Shitil (Seth).

Ṣaureil is also an epithet for the Moon (Sen).

Left Ginza
The Left Ginza (Classical Mandaic: ࡂࡉࡍࡆࡀ ࡎࡌࡀࡋࡀ, romanized: Ginza Smala) is one of the two parts of the Ginza Rabba, the longest and the most important holy scripture of Mandaeism. The other part of the Ginza Rabba is the Right Ginza.

As of 2024, a critical edition that includes an annotated translation of the Left Ginza is being prepared by Bogdan Burtea and Christoph Markschies.

Summaries of each book (or tractate), based mostly on Häberl (2007), are provided below. Translated excerpts are from Gelbert (2011), which is mostly based on Lidzbarski (1925), while Mandaic transliterations are derived from Gelbert (2011, 2021).

Opening lines of each chapter are provided below, since Mandaeans often refer to Mandaic prayers by their opening lines.
929 Algunde
929 Algunde (prov. designation: A920 ED or 1920 GR), is a stony Flora asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, that measures approximately 11 kilometers (7 miles) in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 10 March 1920. The S-type asteroid has a short rotation period of 3.3 hours and is likely spherical in shape. It was named "Algunde", a common German female name unrelated to the discoverer's contemporaries, that was taken from the almanac Lahrer Hinkender Bote.

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.
Phlegmariurus espinosanus
Phlegmariurus espinosanus is a species of plant in the family Lycopodiaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Lycopodiaceae
The Lycopodiaceae (class Lycopodiopsida, order Lycopodiales) are an old family of vascular plants, including all of the core clubmosses and firmosses, comprising 17 accepted genera and about 500 known species. This family originated about 380 million years ago in the early Devonian, though the diversity within the family has been much more recent. "Wolf foot" is another common name for this family due to the resemblance of either the roots or branch tips to a wolf's paw.
2016 Hong Kong legislative election in New Territories West
These are the New Territories West results of the 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election. The election was held on 4 September 2016 and all 9 seats in New Territories West, which consists of Tsuen Wan District, Tuen Mun District, Yuen Long District, Kwai Tsing District and Islands District, were contested. Veteran social activist Eddie Chu received the highest votes of 84,121, 14 per cent of the vote share, in all geographical constituencies. The Democratic Party retook one seat after it was ousted in the previous election with newcomer Andrew Wan, while independent lawyer Junius Ho who was backed by the Liaison Office won the last seat by defeating pro-democracy heavyweight Labour Party's Lee Cheuk-yan. Localist group Civic Passion's Cheng Chung-tai also won the only seat for the CP–PPI–HKRO electoral alliance.

Labour Party (Hong Kong)
The Labour Party is a centre-left social democratic political party in Hong Kong established in 2011.

The party was founded in 2011 by three veteran pro-democracy legislators to consolidate centre-left, pro-labour, pro-democracy voices in the legislature. Led by Lee Cheuk-yan, the long-time general secretary of the Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (HKCTU), the party won four seats in the 2012 Legislative Council election, with about six per cent of the popular vote, making it the third-largest political party in the pro-democracy camp and sixth largest in the legislature.

It suffered a big loss in the 2016 election with veterans Lee Cheuk-yan and Cyd Ho losing their seats, leaving the party only one representative in the legislature, Fernando Cheung in New Territories East. Cheung resigned in November 2020 together with 14 legislators of the pro-democratic camp, in protest over the disqualification of four other members of that camp by the Hong Kong government.
Ian Redford (actor)
Ian Leslie Redford (born 6 April 1951 in Carshalton, Surrey) is an English actor who has featured on stage, in film and on television in various roles.

These include leads in several series A Raging Calm by Stan Barstow, The House of Eliott, September Song, The Men's Room, Rooms, County Hall, Medics and Moon and Son as well as guesting in Thriller, Peak Practice, Foyle's War, Casualty, Crown Prosecutor, Spender, Wycliffe, Lovejoy, Doctors, The Broker's Man, One Foot in the Grave, Van der Valk, Midsomer Murders, Dramarama, Under the Hammer, William and Mary, Empire, Heartbeat, The Chase, New Tricks, Minder, Boon, The Bill, Bergerac, Shelley and Hannay. Redford's roles include Keith Appleyard in Coronation Street during 2005 and 2006. During 1990–91 he played the role of Ken Raynor in BBC's EastEnders.

William and Mary (TV series)
William and Mary is an ITV romantic drama set in London, starring Martin Clunes as William Shawcross, an undertaker, and Julie Graham as Mary Gilcrest, a midwife.  Its title refers to its two principal characters and is a cultural reference to the reign of the British monarchs William III and Mary II. It was shown in three six-part series between 23 March 2003 and 22 May 2005. It was also screened in Australia on 7TWO.
2011 World Rally Championship
The 2011 World Rally Championship was the 39th season of the FIA World Rally Championship. The season consisted of 13 rallies, beginning with Rally Sweden on 10 February and ended with Wales Rally GB on 13 November.

Sébastien Loeb claimed his eighth consecutive World Championship title at the Wales Rally of Great Britain when title rival Mikko Hirvonen retired on the first day with an engine that was too damaged to restart.

Prodrive
Prodrive is an English motorsport and advanced engineering group based in Banbury, 
Oxfordshire. The company has had significant success running motorsport programmes for various automobile manufacturers, including wins at the 24 Hours of Le Mans and championship wins in the World Endurance Championship, World Rally Championship and British Touring Car Championship.
2nd Parliament of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
This is a list of members of parliament (MPs) elected to the Assembly of the Republic for the 2nd Parliament of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus at the 1990 parliamentary election, which was held on 6 May 1990.

The list below indicates the MPs in the parties in which they were elected.

Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus)
The Assembly of the Republic (Turkish: Cumhuriyet Meclisi) is the parliament of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. It has 50 members, elected for a five-year term by mitigated proportional representation. A party must cross the electoral threshold (5% of the total vote) to be awarded any seats. The parliament is composed of 50 MPs, chosen from six electoral districts, which are coterminous with the districts of Northern Cyprus: Lefkoşa, Gazimağusa, Girne, Güzelyurt, Lefke and İskele.

In Northern Cyprus parliamentary elections, voters vote for individual candidates. There are two ways of voting.

Voters can vote for a party, which in effect is voting for every MP candidate from that party in that district once. The voter can further prioritize the MPs in this kind of voting.

Alternatively, the voter may not choose a party, but vote for candidates from different parties. In this kind of mixed voting, the voter cannot choose more than the number of MPs the district is allotted.
Heated clothing
Most heated clothing is designed for cold-weather sports and activities, such as motorcycle riding, downhill skiing, diving, winter biking, and snowmobiling, trekking and for outdoor workers such as construction workers and carpenters. Since the London Olympics, heated clothing has also been used by athletes to keep their muscles warm between the warm-up and the race.

Normal insulation works by trapping body heat, so if it gets wet from sweat or rain, or if a person stops exercising, the insulation may not keep them warm. With heated garments, a person can keep warm even if they are resting and not producing heat, or if their coat is damp from sweat.

Construction worker
A construction worker is a person employed in the physical construction of the built environment and its infrastructure. The term is used to cover a wide range of roles and tasks during all phases of a construction projects.
Giba Gorge Nature Reserve
Giba Gorge Nature Reserve is an environmental precinct in Outer West Durban, South Africa. The gorge is a natural valley carved by the Giba River, with steep rocky cliffs and natural grassland slopes.  Within the precinct is a mountain bike park with a 35km single track.

The Giba Gorge Precinct is a public-private partnership between the eThekwini Municipality and private landowners, who pay a special levy towards the upkeep of the area.  Of the land in the precinct, half is privately owned, with the balance belonging to the municipality and the South African National Roads Agency.  Processes are underway to replace the co-management model through the declaration of the precinct as a nationally recognised nature reserve.

EThekwini Metropolitan Municipality
The eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala weDolobhakazi laseThekwini) is a metropolitan municipality, created in 2000, that includes the city of Durban and surrounding towns. eThekwini is one of the 11 districts of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. As of 2011, the majority of its 3,442,361 inhabitants spoke isiZulu.