hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trittame augusteyni
Trittame augusteyni is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven. The specific epithet augusteyni honours John Augusteyn of Olsen's Caverns, the type locality.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
Kristina McMorris
Kristina McMorris is an American author of several New York Times, USA Today, and Wall Street Journal bestselling books and a former actress. Her works of fiction include two novellas and seven historical novels, most notably the million-copy bestseller Sold on a Monday.

McMorris's debut novel, Letters from Home, was originally inspired by her grandparents' WWII courtship letters. The book was a 2013 nominee for the RITA Award.

Kristina's novels have earned more than two dozen national literary awards and nominations, including the IMPAC Dublin Literary Award and Goodreads Choice Award for Best Historical Fiction.

As a child actress, she starred in Sandra Peabody’s Emmy-winning children’s educational series Popcorn (1985-1992).

RITA Award
The RITA Award, presented by the Romance Writers of America (RWA) from 1990 to 2019, was the most prominent award for English-language romance fiction. It was named for the RWA's first president, Rita Clay Estrada. After not being awarded in 2020, it was replaced by the Vivian Award, which was awarded once in 2021.
Serra da Boa Vista (Minas Gerais)
The Serra da Boa Vista is a mountain situated approximately 40 km southwest of the town of Prata in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. It is on the edge of the BR-497 in the direction of Campina Verde.

The Serra de Boa Vista is an important archaeological site where fossils of sauropods have been found. Archaeological discoveries were first made more than 20 years ago on the site. The scientific name of the dinosaur was Maxakalisaurus topai. A resin replica, about 13 metres long and 9 metres high, has been on display in the National Museum in Rio de Janeiro since 28 August 2006.

Its rocks are composed of sandstones of the Adamantina Formation supported by more solid sandstones of the Marília Formation.

Maxakalisaurus
Maxakalisaurus is a genus of titanosaur dinosaur, found in the Adamantina Formation of Brazil, in the state of Minas Gerais in 1998. The genus name is derived from the tribe of the Maxakali; Topa is one of their divinities.
Mahakaran metro station
Mahakaran (also known as New Mahakaran) (both names are officially correct), is a metro station on Green Line of Kolkata Metro, located in B.B.D. Bagh. There are many British heritage buildings near the station with the Lal Dighi adjoining it. The tracks leaving the station towards Howrah go underneath the Hooghly River through the biggest underwater metro tunnel of India. The station was completed and opened on 6 March 2024. The station, though comparing without platform screen doors, may look similar to any Blue Line underground station, but it is actually very different as it is designed with world class facilities and murals that pay tribute to the locality and Indian freedom fighters. The nearest railway station is B.B.D. Bagh railway station. Just before the tunnel enters the underwater segment, lies a ventilation shaft on the Kolkata bank of Hooghly River, which is the deepest of its kind in India, at 44 metres (144 ft) below ground level.

Underwater tunnel
An underwater tunnel is a tunnel which is partly or wholly constructed under the sea or a river. They are often used where building a bridge or operating a ferry link is unviable, or to provide competition or relief for existing bridges or ferry links. While short tunnels are often road tunnels which may admit motorized traffic, unmotorized traffic or both, concerns with ventilation lead to the longest tunnels (such as the Channel Tunnel or the Seikan Tunnel) being electrified rail tunnels.
Insect scale
Scales are present on the bodies of various insects. A notable example are the Lepidoptera, the insect order comprising moths and butterflies, which have scales on their wings and on the head, parts of the thorax and abdomen, and parts of the genitalia. The name is derived from Ancient Greek λεπίδος (scale) and πτερόν (wing).

The Trichoptera (caddisflies) which are a sister group of the Lepidoptera have scales, but also possess caudal cerci on the abdomen, a feature absent in the Lepidoptera. Beetles of family Dermestidae also commonly have scales.: 66–67   Within the dipteran infraorder Culicomorpha, possession of a scale fringe on the posterior margin of the forewings is a proposed synapomorphy of Corethrellidae, Chaoboridae and Culicidae.: 885

Many Zygentoma and Archaeognatha have scales on their bodies, whose iridescent appearance gives certain Zygentoma the common name of silverfish.

Zygentoma
Zygentoma are an order in the class Insecta, and consist of about 550 known species. The Zygentoma include the silverfishes or fishmoths, and the firebrats. A conspicuous feature of the order are the three long caudal filaments. The two lateral filaments are cerci, and the medial one is an epiproct or appendix dorsalis. In this they resemble the Archaeognatha, although the cerci of Zygentoma, unlike in the latter order, are nearly as long as the epiproct.

Until the late twentieth century the Zygentoma were regarded as a suborder of the Thysanura, until it was recognized that the order Thysanura was paraphyletic, thus raising the two suborders to the status of independent monophyletic orders, with Archaeognatha as sister group to the Dicondylia, including the Zygentoma.
Majorization
In mathematics, majorization is a preorder on vectors of real numbers. For two such vectors, , we say that  weakly majorizes (or dominates)  from below, commonly denoted  when

for all ,

where  denotes the th largest entry of . If  further satisfy , we say that  majorizes (or dominates) , commonly denoted .

Both weak majorization and majorization are partial orders for vectors whose entries are non-decreasing, but only a preorder for general vectors, since majorization is agnostic to the ordering of the entries in vectors, e.g., the statement  is simply equivalent to .

Specifically,  if and only if  are permutations of each other. Similarly for .

Majorizing also sometimes refers to entrywise ordering, e.g. the real-valued function f majorizes the real-valued function g when  for all  in the domain, or other technical definitions, such as majorizing measures in probability theory.

Income distribution
In economics, income distribution covers how a country's total GDP is distributed amongst its population. Economic theory and economic policy have long seen income and its distribution as a central concern. Unequal distribution of income causes economic inequality which is a concern in almost all countries around the world.
Karevo
Karevo (Russian: Карево) is the name of two rural localities in Russia:

Karevo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Kunyinsky District of Pskov Oblast

Karevo, Vladimir Oblast, a village in Sudogodsky District of Vladimir Oblast

Pskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast (Russian: Пско́вская о́бласть, romanized: Pskovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the west of the country. Its administrative center is the city of Pskov. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 599,084.
Dubuc, Saskatchewan
Dubuc (2016 population: 61) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Grayson No. 184 and Census Division No. 5. The village is 55 kilometres (34 mi) south of the city of Yorkton and 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Esterhazy.

Yorkton
Yorkton is a city located in south-eastern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is about 300 kilometres (190 mi) south-east of Saskatoon and 450 kilometres (280 mi) north-west of Winnipeg, Manitoba and is the sixth-largest city in the province. Yorkton was founded in 1882 and incorporated as a city in 1928. The city is bordered by the rural municipalities of Orkney to the north, west, and south, and Wallace on the east.
Heilbronner Hohenloher Haller Nahverkehr
The Heilbronner Hohenloher Haller Nahverkehrⓘ (HNVⓘ or H3NVⓘ) is a regional transport cooperative that coordinates tickets and fares among all transport operators in the metropolitan area of Heilbronn in Germany. Besides the city of Heilbronn, the H3NV area encompasses the districts of Heilbronn and Hohenlohe. There are also overlappings with the districts of Schwäbisch Hall, Main-Tauber, Rhein-Neckar and Neckar-Odenwald.

Hohenlohe (district)
The Hohenlohe (German: Hohenlohekreis [hoːənˈloːəkʁaɪs]) is a Landkreis (district) in the north of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Neckar-Odenwald, Main-Tauber, Schwäbisch Hall and Heilbronn.

Künzelsau is the administrative centre of the district.
2011 TEAN International
The 2011 TEAN International was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 16th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour and the 11th edition of the tournament for the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands between 5 and 11 September 2011.

Katarzyna Piter
Katarzyna Piter (Polish pronunciation: [kataˈʐɨna ˈpitɛr]; born 16 February 1991) is a Polish professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.

On 12 May 2014, she reached her career-high ranking of No. 95 in singles and on 9 June 2025, she achieved her best doubles ranking of No. 49. Piter has won five doubles titles on the WTA Tour and one WTA 125 doubles title, as well as eight singles and 26 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
1812 United Kingdom general election
The 1812 United Kingdom general election was the fourth general election after the Union of Great Britain and Ireland, held from 5 October 1812 to 10 November 1812, taking place at the height of the Napoleonic Wars.

The fourth United Kingdom Parliament was dissolved on 29 September 1812, four months after the Earl of Liverpool succeeded to the premiership following the assassination of Spencer Perceval. The new Parliament was summoned to meet on 24 November 1812, for a maximum seven-year term from that date. The maximum term could be and normally was curtailed, by the monarch dissolving the Parliament, before its term expired.

Acts of Union 1800
The Acts of Union 1800 (Irish: Achtanna an Aontais 1800) were parallel acts of the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland which united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland (previously in personal union) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The acts came into force between 31 December 1800 and 1 January 1801, and the merged Parliament of the United Kingdom had its first meeting on 22 January 1801.

Provisions of the acts remain in force, with amendments and some Articles repealed, in the United Kingdom, but they have been repealed in their entirety in the Republic of Ireland.
Donelson (surname)
Donelson is a surname of Scottish origin and it is a variant of the name Donaldson which is a patronymic for the name Donald. Donaldson is also an English rendering of the name MacDonald. The name MacDonald in some cases became Donaldson and due to pronunciation of the name it corrupted to Donelson. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Jackson Donelson (1799–1871), American diplomat

Daniel Smith Donelson (1802–1863), American soldier and politician

Emily Donelson (1807–1836), American, niece of Rachel

John Donelson (1718–1785), American frontiersman and politician

Rachel Donelson (1767–1828), American wife of Andrew Jackson

John Donelson
John Donelson (1718–1785) was an American frontiersman, ironmaster, politician, city planner, and explorer. After founding and operating what became Washington Iron Furnace in Franklin County, Virginia for several years, he moved with his family to Middle Tennessee which was on the developing frontier. There, together with James Robertson, Donelson co-founded the frontier settlement of Fort Nashborough. This later developed as the city of Nashville, Tennessee.

Donelson and his wife Rachel had eleven children, four of them girls. Their tenth was daughter Rachel, whose second husband Andrew Jackson was elected the seventh president of the United States in 1828.
Pseudobagarius meridionalis
Pseudobagarius meridionalis is a species of catfish belonging to the family Akysidae (the stream catfishes). It is only known from the Barito River basin in southern Borneo.

This is a very small catfish, up to 32 mm standard length, with a body dark brown above with a few scattered pale spots and white below, with a strongly projected upper jaw so that the premaxillary teeth are clearly visible even when the mouth is closed.

Barito River
The Barito River is the second longest river in Borneo, Indonesia after the Kapuas River with a total length of 1,090 km (680 mi) and a drainage basin of over 80,000 km2 (31,000 sq mi) in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It originates in the Müller Mountain Range, from where it flows southward into the Java Sea. Its most important affluent is the Negara and Martapura, and it passes through the city of Banjarmasin.

This river is the location of the closest relative of the Malagasy language of Madagascar, the Ma'anyan language of Dayaks, from where settlers arrived in Madagascar (presumably in waves) from the 3rd to 10th century and from which the current island nation's population largely traces its origins.
Bunco Squad
Bunco Squad is a 1950 American crime film directed by Herbert I. Leeds and written by George Callahan. The film stars Robert Sterling, Joan Dixon, Ricardo Cortez and Dante (Harry August Jansen). It was released on September 1, 1950 by RKO Pictures.

Marguerite Churchill
Marguerite Graham Churchill (December 26, 1910 – January 9, 2000) was an American stage and film actress whose career spanned 30 years, from 1922 to 1952.  Marguerite made her debut as a child actress on Broadway in 1922. She debuted onscreen in 1929, and appeared in more than 25 films. She frequently appeared in westerns such as Riders of the Purple Sage (1931) and was John Wayne's first leading lady in The Big Trail (1930). She also appeared in action films and in  mysteries such as Charlie Chan Carries On (1931).
Lucian Perkins
Lucian Perkins is an American photojournalist, who is best known for covering a number of conflicts with profound compassion for his photograph's subjects, including the war in Afghanistan, Kosovo and the 1991 Persian Gulf War. It has been said that Perkins has a developed style that not only portrays the hopes and weaknesses of the people in his photographs but in an unconventional manner. Perkins currently works at The Washington Post, where he has worked for the past 30 years and resides in Washington, D.C.

The Daily Texan
The Daily Texan is the student newspaper of the University of Texas at Austin. It is one of the largest college newspapers in the United States, with a daily circulation of roughly 12,000 during the fall and spring semesters, and is among the oldest student newspapers in the South.

The Texan is entirely student-run and independent from the university, although its operations are overseen by Texas Student Media, an entity with faculty, student, and newspaper industry representatives.
Recollections of a Billiard-marker
"Recollections of a Billiard-marker" ("Записки маркера" ["Zapiski markera"], sometimes translated as "A Billiard-Marker's Notes") is a short story by Leo Tolstoy written and published in 1855, early in Tolstoy's career.  It was translated to English by Nathan Haskell Dole. George Herbert Perris described the work as containing "scenic and incidental realism."

The story was included in the 1958 Tolstoy's Tales of Courage and Conflict.

Nathan Haskell Dole
Nathan Haskell Dole (August 31, 1852 – May 9, 1935) was an American editor, translator, and author. A writer and journalist in Philadelphia, New York, and Boston, he translated many of the works of Leo Tolstoy and books of other Russians; novels of the Spaniard Armando Palacio Valdés (1886–90); a variety of works from the French and Italian.
Those Were the Days (comic strip)
Those Were the Days is an American weekly comic strip drawn by Art Beeman which was syndicated by the Al Smith Feature Service from 1951 to 1983.

The strip compared life in earlier times, apparently the late 19th century or very early 20th century, with "modern life", at the time of the strip's popularity, the 1950s and 1960s. The title of the strip was printed in an antique typeface. Between the "olden days" panel and the "modern" panel were the words, "But Now - Wow!", emphasizing the contrast between mores of different generations.

Al Smith (cartoonist)
Al Smith (born Albert Schmidt; March 21, 1902 – November 24, 1986) was an American cartoonist whose work included a long run on the comic strip Mutt and Jeff. Comics historian R. C. Harvey postulates that Smith's nearly 50-year run on the strip was, at the time of Smith's retirement, a world record for longevity. Smith (and later his family members) also ran a comic strip syndication service — mainly serving weekly newspapers — from the 1950s until the late 1990s.
Historical Archives of Ljubljana
The Historical Archives of Ljubljana (Slovene: Zgodovinski arhiv Ljubljana) is the primary institution responsible for preservation of archival materials in Ljubljana, capital city of Slovenia. The institution was established in 1898 as the Municipal Archive of Ljubljana with contemporary institution, itself established in 1951, serving as the direct successor of the Municipal Archives. Alongside headquarters in Ljubljana the institution oversees local organizational units in Kranj, Novo Mesto, Škofja Loka and Idrija. The archives holds around 16,000 linear meters of archival material. Most of the material pertains to the regions it serves and is generally over 30 years old, with the oldest items dating back to the 14th century. Since 2010 the archive is a part of the е-ARH.si of the Government of Slovenia project aimed at the development of the public electronic archive in Slovenia.

Novo Mesto
Novo Mesto (pronounced [ˈnɔ̀ːʋɔ ˈmèːstɔ] ⓘ; Slovene: Novo mesto; also known by alternative names) is the seventh-largest city of Slovenia. It is the economic and cultural centre of the traditional region of Lower Carniola (southeastern Slovenia) and the seat of the City Municipality of Novo Mesto. It lies on a bend of the Krka River, close to the border with Croatia.
Terry Griggs
Terry Griggs is a Canadian author. Her book of short stories Quickening was a finalist at the 1991 Governor General's Awards, and she won the Marian Engel Award in 2003.

Originally from Manitoulin Island, where her family operated a fishing lodge near Little Current, she studied English literature at the University of Western Ontario.

She presently lives in Stratford, Ontario.

Little Current, Ontario
Little Current is a community in the Town of Northeastern Manitoulin and the Islands, Ontario, Canada, in the northeast end of Manitoulin Island. It is located at the namesake narrow channel that connects the North Channel to the west with the Georgian Bay to the east.

Its name refers to the currents that flow through the narrow passage that separates Manitoulin from Goat Island.
2014 Tour de Pologne
The 2014 Tour de Pologne was the 71st running of the Tour de Pologne cycling stage race. It started on 3 August in Gdańsk and ended on 9 August in Kraków, after seven stages. It was the twentieth race of the 2014 UCI World Tour season.

Mateusz Taciak
Mateusz Taciak (born 19 June 1984) is a Polish former racing cyclist, who rode professionally from 2009 to 2020, for the Mróz–Active Jet, CCC–Sprandi–Polkowice and Voster ATS Team squads, and rode at the 2014 UCI Road World Championships. He now works as a directeur sportif for UCI Continental team Voster ATS Team.
Dhyani Dave
Dhyani Dave (born 21 August 1991 in Gujarat) is an Indian chess player who holds the FIDE title of Woman International Master.

She has won gold medals at the Under 14 Asian Chess Championship and the Under 16 Commonwealth Chess Championship. She is a silver medalist at the Under 10 Asian Championship and the Under 12 Commonwealth Championship. In August 2012, she played with 150 rated chess players at Mahatma Mandir, Gujarat and entered in Limca Book of Records.

At the age of nine she played Bollywood star and chess enthusiast Aamir Khan on the set of the film Lagaan.

In 2018 she alleged that gender bias by the Gujarat state in denying her a government job had also impacted her chess career.

She is an owner of the Dhyan Chess Academy in Ahmedabad where she teaches. In 2019 she won in the Sports category of the iWoman Global Awards.

Limca Book of Records
The Limca Book of Records is an annual reference book published in India documenting world records held by Indians. The records are further categorised into education, literature, agriculture, medical science, business, sports, nature, adventure, radio and cinema.

The Limca Book of Records is published in English and is a promotional tool of Limca, a soft drink brand, owned by the Coca Cola Company, it is a localised equivalent of the Guinness World Records.
14th Government of Slovenia
The 14th Government of Slovenia was formed following the resignation of Prime Minister of the 13th Government Marjan Šarec in January 2020. Janez Janša of Slovenian Democratic Party formed a coalition with Modern Centre Party, New Slovenia, and Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia. The government was confirmed on 13 March 2020, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

New Slovenia
New Slovenia – Christian Democrats (Slovene: Nova Slovenija – Krščanski demokrati, NSi) is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Slovenia. Since 2018, it is led by Jernej Vrtovec. The party was formed on 4 August 2000 following a split in the unified Slovenian People's Party and Slovene Christian Democrats (SLS+SKD). NSi is a member of the European People's Party (EPP) and in the European Parliament its MEP Matej Tonin sits with the European People's Party Group.

Following the 2022 Slovenian parliamentary election, NSi is in opposition to the Golob government.
The Anthology of Swiss Legal Culture
The Anthology of Swiss Legal Culture makes available a collection of classic and contemporary texts charting Swiss contributions and papers on transcultural influences across various fields of the law. The Anthology is an online work in progress in the English language. The platform offers the editors the opportunity to update, refine and expand introductory texts and to gradually extend it to areas of law not yet covered.

University of St. Gallen
The University of St. Gallen (HSG) (German: Universität St. Gallen) is a public research university located in St. Gallen, Switzerland, that specialises in business administration, economics, law, international affairs, and computer science. It was established in 1898. It consistently ranks as one of the best business schools in Europe. In 2022, it had 9,590 students, of which 3,757 were master's students and 584 were doctoral students.

Although it is one of Switzerland's smallest universities, HSG has Switzerland's largest faculty for business administration. It has produced more billionaires in Europe than any other European university. It is a member of the CEMS and APSIA and is EQUIS, AACSB and AMBA accredited (triple crown accreditation). Its campus is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance. The university is owned by the canton of St. Gallen.