hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malus orientalis
Malus orientalis, the eastern crabapple or Caucasus apple, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is found in Bulgaria, Turkey (including East Thrace), the Caucasus region, Iran, and Afghanistan.

With its relatively large yellow fruit, it has been consumed by people for millennia, with a string of halved, dried fruit being found in a royal tomb at Ur. Drying the fruit and then rehydrating by boiling cuts the tartness. Malus orientalis contributed to the gene pool of domesticated apples, along with M. sieversii and M. sylvestris.

East Thrace
East Thrace or Eastern Thrace, also known as Turkish Thrace or European Turkey, is the part of Turkey that is geographically in Southeast Europe. Turkish Thrace accounts for 3.03% of Turkey's land area and 15% of its population. The largest city is Istanbul, which straddles the Bosporus between Europe and Asia. East Thrace is of historic importance as it is next to a major sea trade corridor and constitutes what remains of the once-vast Ottoman region of Rumelia. It is currently also of specific geostrategic importance because the sea corridor, which includes two narrow straits, provides access to the Mediterranean Sea from the Black Sea for the navies of five countries: Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, and Georgia. The region also serves as a future connector of existing Turkish, Bulgarian, and Greek high-speed rail networks.
Due to the guest worker agreement with Turkey and Germany, some Turks in Germany originally come from Eastern Thrace, mostly from the Kırklareli Province.
Yorkshire North (European Parliament constituency)
Yorkshire North was a European Parliament constituency covering much of North Yorkshire and part of Humberside in England.

Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and each had one Member of the European Parliament.

The constituency consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Barkston Ash, Goole, Harrogate, Ripon, Skipton, Thirsk and Malton, York. In 1984, most of the seats became part of the new York constituency, with small parts going to Humberside and Yorkshire South.

Skipton (UK Parliament constituency)
Skipton was a county constituency centred on the town of Skipton in Yorkshire which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It was created for the 1885 general election, and abolished nearly a hundred years later, for the 1983 general election.  It was then partly replaced by the new Skipton and Ripon constituency.
Chicago Swans
The Chicago Swans is a United States Australian Football League team, based in Chicago, United States. It was founded in 1998 and is affiliated with the Sydney Swans. They play in the Mid American Australian Football League.

Mid American Australian Football League
The MAAFL was a division of the United States Australian Football League and an Australian rules football competition based in the United States.

The league formed 1996 when clubs from Cincinnati and Louisville played the first ever game of Aussie Rules in the United States.

Unlike many Metro Footy leagues in the US, the MAAFL was a traditional 18-a-side Australian rules competition and was the oldest and arguably the best supported league in the country. It still holds the record for attendance.
England at the 2022 European Championships
A team of five competitors listed as representing England competed at the 2022 European Championships in Munich, Germany, from 11–21 August 2022 in table tennis events. In all other sports, competitors from England competed as part of the Great Britain and Northern Ireland team.

2022 European Championships
The 2022 European Championships were the second edition of the European Championships. It was a multi-sport event which took place in Munich, Germany from 11 to 21 August 2022. The event started three days after the closing ceremonies of the Commonwealth Games held in Birmingham, Great Britain.

Athletics, cycling, triathlon, women's artistic gymnastics, men's artistic gymnastics and rowing returned after appearing in the inaugural Championships in 2018. New to this edition of the Championships were beach volleyball, canoe sprint, and, for the first time, a full slate of para-sport events, sport climbing and table tennis.

Unlike the 2018 European Championships, swimming, diving, artistic swimming and open water swimming were not part of the program of the event, as the European Aquatics Championships were held at the same time but in Rome, Italy. Golf, in the form of the European Golf Team Championships, did not return for this edition.
Dittus
Dittus is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gottliebin Dittus (1815-1872), Victim of possession, exorcised by noted German divine Johann Blumhardt

Barbara Dittus (1939–2001), German actress

Hansjörg Dittus, German physicist

Uwe Dittus (born 1959), German footballer

Wolf Dittus (born 1943), German primatologist and behavioral ecologist

Hansjörg Dittus
Hansjörg Dittus (born 1957) is a German physicist and professor. He is director of Institute of Space Systems of German Aerospace Center. Dittus is executive board member for Space Research and Technology.

His fields of expertise are gravitational physics, metrology, inertial sensors. He is involved in many space-based experiments aimed at testing foundational issues of gravitational interaction. He collaborates with the Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM) at the University of Bremen.
Greater Kailash Assembly constituency
Greater Kailash Assembly constituency is one of the seventy Delhi assembly constituencies of Delhi in northern India.
Greater Kailash assembly constituency is a part of New Delhi (Lok Sabha constituency). This constituency was created by reorganization by delimitation commission in 2008.

Delimitation Commission of India
The Delimitation Commission of India is a commission established by the Government of India under the provisions of the Delimitation Commission Act, tasked with redrawing the boundaries of legislative assembly and Lok Sabha constituencies based on the last census. The present delimitation of constituencies is based on the 2001 census under the provisions of the Delimitation Act, 2002.

The Commission is an independent body whose orders cannot be challenged in any court of law. The orders are laid before the Lok Sabha and the respective State Legislative Assemblies. However, modifications are not permitted. The next delimitation can not be held before 2026.
Clinical data management system
A clinical data management system or CDMS is a tool used in clinical research to manage the data of a clinical trial. The clinical trial data gathered at the investigator site in the case report form are stored in the CDMS. To reduce the possibility of errors due to human entry, the systems employ various means to verify the data. Systems for clinical data management can be self-contained or part of the functionality of a CTMS. A CTMS with clinical data management functionality can help with the validation of clinical data as well as helps the site employ for other important activities like building patient registries and assist in patient recruitment efforts.

Disease registry
Disease or patient registries are collections of secondary data related to patients with a specific diagnosis, condition, or procedure.  
In its simplest form, a disease registry could consist of a collection of paper cards kept inside "a shoe box" by an individual physician. Most frequently registries vary in sophistication from  simple spreadsheets that only can be accessed by a small group of physicians to very complex databases that are accessed online across multiple institutions. Registries are different from indexes in that they contain more extensive data.

They can help to hypothesize risk factors and allow scientific research. They provide health care providers (or patients) with reminders to check certain tests in order to reach certain quality goals. They play a role in epidemiological research,  drug safety and  post marketing surveillance of pharmaceuticals and devices.
Cell counting
Cell counting is any of various methods for the counting or similar quantification of cells in the life sciences, including medical diagnosis and treatment. It is an important subset of cytometry, with applications in research and clinical practice. For example, the complete blood count can help a physician to determine why a patient feels unwell and what to do to help. Cell counts within liquid media (such as blood, plasma, lymph, or laboratory rinsate) are usually expressed as a number of cells per unit of volume, thus expressing a concentration (for example, 5,000 cells per milliliter).

Concentration
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration. The concentration can refer to any kind of chemical mixture, but most frequently refers to solutes and solvents in solutions. The molar (amount) concentration has variants, such as normal concentration and osmotic concentration. Dilution is reduction of concentration, e.g., by adding solvent to a solution. The verb "to concentrate" means to increase concentration, the opposite of dilute.
Teemu Salo
Teemu Salo (born 11 February 1974) is a Finnish curler from Hyvinkää. He has played lead position for Markku Uusipaavalniemi since 2002.

Salo won a silver medal as a member of Uusipaavaliemi's team at the 2006 Winter Olympics. He won a gold medal at the 2005 European Mixed Curling Championship playing second for Uusipaavalniemi.

In 2009, he played for Kalle Kiiskinen at the World Curling Championships.

World Curling Championships
The World Curling Championships are the annual world championships for curling, organized by the World Curling Federation and contested by national championship teams. There are men's, women's and mixed doubles championships, as well as men's and women's versions of junior and senior championships. There is also a world championship for wheelchair curling. The men's championship started in 1959, while the women's started in 1979. The mixed doubles championship was started in 2008. Since 2005, the men's and women's championships have been held in different venues, with Canada hosting one of the two championships every year: the men's championship in odd years, and the women's championship in even years. Canada has dominated both the men's and women's championships since their inception, although Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany (West Germany), Scotland, the United States, Norway and China have all won at least one championship.
Timeline of the Watergate scandal
The Watergate scandal refers to the burglary and illegal wiretapping of the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee, in the Watergate complex by members of President Richard Nixon's re-election campaign, and the subsequent cover-up of the break-in resulting in Nixon's resignation on August 9, 1974, as well as other abuses of power by the Nixon White House that were discovered during the course of the scandal.

James W. McCord Jr.
James Walter McCord Jr. (January 26, 1924 – June 15, 2017) was an American CIA officer, later head of security for President Richard Nixon's 1972 reelection campaign. He was involved as an electronics expert in the burglaries which precipitated the Watergate scandal.
Swiss Smile
Swiss Smile is a chain of dental clinics from Switzerland. Founded by dentists and entrepreneurs Golnar and Haleh Abivardi, the company runs branches in various locations besides offering luxury products for oral hygiene.

St. Moritz
St. Moritz is a high Alpine resort town in the Engadine in Switzerland, at an elevation of about 1,800 metres (5,910 ft) above sea level. It is Upper Engadine's major town and a municipality in the administrative region of Maloja in the Swiss canton of the Grisons.

St. Moritz lies on the southern slopes of the Albula Alps below the Piz Nair (3,056 m or 10,026 ft) overlooking the flat and wide glaciated valley of the Upper Engadine and Lake St. Moritz. It hosted the Winter Olympics in 1928 and 1948.
Communist Youth League (Finland)
Communist Youth League (Finnish: Kommunistinen nuorisoliitto, KomNL) was a political youth organization in Finland. KomNL collaborated closely with the Communist Party of Finland but Communist Workers' Party activists and independent communists also participated in the league. KomNL was founded in 2000 and absolved in 2019. It is still a registered association.

KomNL was a member of World Federation of Democratic Youth.

Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism
Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism (Finnish: Kommunistinen Työväenpuolue – Rauhan ja Sosialismin puolesta, abbr. KTP) is a communist party in Finland. It was founded in 1988 to secure the existence of an independent Marxist–Leninist party. Since it was founded, it has been re-registered and subsequently de-registered multiple times. Since its founding, it has failed to gain any seats in the Parliament of Finland. The party has been de-registered since 2019.
¥$
¥$ (pronounced "Ye and Dolla Sign") is an American hip-hop superduo composed of rapper Kanye West and singer-songwriter Ty Dolla Sign. With the two maintaining a strong relationship during 2023, West invited Ty Dolla Sign to record songs in Tokyo, Italy, and later Saudi Arabia. During this time, the duo began work on their collaborative effort, Vultures 1 (2024).

Despite mixed critical response, Vultures 1  debuted atop the US Billboard 200 and spawned the single "Carnival" (with Rich the Kid featuring Playboi Carti), which peaked atop the US Billboard Hot 100. After several delays, the duo's second album, Vultures 2 (2024), was released in August of that year; it received weaker sales—peaking at number two on the Billboard 200—and negative reception from critics, who felt the project was exceedingly unfinished.

They won Best Group at the BET Awards 2024.

BET Awards 2024
The 24th BET Awards took place on June 30, 2024, at the Peacock Theater in Los Angeles, California, to celebrate achievements in entertainment and honors music, sports, television, and movies. It was hosted for the third time by actress Taraji P. Henson.

The nominations were announced on May 16. Canadian rapper Drake received the most nominations with seven, followed by Nicki Minaj with six, J. Cole, Sexyy Red, SZA and Victoria Monét with five each, and Beyoncé, 21 Savage, Doja Cat, Megan Thee Stallion, Tyla, and Usher all with four.

R&B singer Usher received the Lifetime Achievement Award during the ceremony.
2019–20 Coupe de France preliminary rounds
The 2019–20 Coupe de France preliminary rounds made up the qualifying competition to decide which teams took part in the main competition from round 7. This is the 103rd season of the main football cup competition of France. The competition is organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and is open to all clubs in French football, as well as clubs from the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia (qualification via 2019 New Caledonia Cup), Tahiti (qualification via 2018–19 Tahiti Cup), Réunion, Saint Martin and Saint Pierre and Miquelon). A total of 156 teams qualified for round 7 from this process.

The six (or more, if required) Preliminary rounds were organised by the 13 Regional leagues from the mainland, and the 6 Regional leagues of the overseas departments and territories. They took place between February and October 2019.

Iris Club de Croix
Iris Club de Croix, commonly referred to as IC Croix, is a French association football club based in Croix in the Nord department in the north of France. The club was formed in 1952 through a merger of two clubs from the town. For the first half-century of existence, the club played football at district level, but a series of promotions in the second half of the first decade of the 21st century elevated it to the national leagues. As of the 2020–21 season it competes in Championnat National 3, the fifth tier of football in France. The club's highest league competed was Championnat National 3 between 2015 and 2020. They have yet to play in Championnat National 2.
Las Matas de Farfán
Las Matas de Farfán is a town in the San Juan Province, Dominican Republic. It is the birthplace of a number of current and former Major League Baseball players including Jean Segura, Juan Encarnación, Roberto Novoa, Odalis Perez, Ramón Santiago, and Valerio de los Santos. During the 1822–44 Haitian occupation, the town was officially designated as Las-Mathas.

The Furnia de Catanamatias, in the mountain range above the town, is the deepest cave in the Dominican republic (380m).

Jean Segura
Jean Carlos Enrique Segura (/dʒiːn sɛɡuːrə/ JEEN seh-GOO-ruh; born March 17, 1990) is a Dominican former professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Milwaukee Brewers, Arizona Diamondbacks, Seattle Mariners, Philadelphia Phillies, and Miami Marlins. Segura was an All-Star in 2013 and 2018, and led the National League in hits in 2016. He played for the Dominican Republic national baseball team at the 2017 World Baseball Classic.

Segura signed with the Angels as a free agent in 2007. He made his MLB debut with the Angels in 2012 and was traded to the Brewers as part of a package for Zack Greinke. He played for Milwaukee through 2015, when he was traded to the Diamondbacks. Arizona traded him to Seattle after the 2016 season, and he signed a five-year, $70 million contract with the Mariners in 2017. After the 2018 season, Seattle traded Segura to Philadelphia.
Mahizan-e Sofla
Mahizan-e Sofla (Persian: ماهيزان سفلي, also Romanized as Māhīzān-e Soflá; also known as Māhizān) is a village in Helilan Rural District, Helilan District, Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 270, in 57 families. The village is populated by Laks.

Holeylan County
Holeylan County (Persian: شهرستان هلیلان) is in Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Towhid, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 2,128 in 601 households. The village is populated by Kurds.
Noroeste Rio-Grandense
Noroeste Rio-Grandense (English: Northwest of Rio Grande) was one of the seven Mesoregions on the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil. It included 216 municipalities grouped in thirteen microregions. The IBGE has since discontinued the microregion system for population tracking, replacing it with the term "immediate geographic region" (Brazilian Portuguese: Região geográfica imediata).

Mesoregions of Brazil
A mesoregion (Portuguese: Mesorregião) was a subdivision of the Brazilian states, grouping together various municipalities in proximity and with common characteristics. They were abolished in 2017 and replaced by intermediate and immediate geographic regions. The mesoregions were created by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics for statistical purposes and did not, therefore, constitute political or administrative areas. They were further divided into microregions.
1998 Ecuadorian general election
General elections were held in Ecuador on 31 May 1998, with a second round of the presidential elections on 12 July. The result was a victory for Jamil Mahuad of the Popular Democracy (DP) party, who won the run-off with 51.2% of the vote. The DP alliance also emerged as the largest party in the National Congress, winning 32 of the 120 seats.

National Congress (Ecuador)
The National Congress (Spanish: Congreso Nacional) was the unicameral legislative branch of the government of Ecuador prior to November 2007.

Under the 1998 Constitution, Congress met in Quito and was made up of 100 deputies (diputados). Each of the country's 22 provinces returned a minimum of two deputies plus one additional seat for every 200,000 inhabitants.

It was dissolved on 29 November 2007 by the Ecuadorian Constituent Assembly and replaced by the National Assembly of Ecuador under the 2008 Constitution. Its demise came when it was already weakened by the disfavorable perception of the Ecuadorian public opinion, which for decades saw it as a corrupt and incompetent entity, as well as a venue for violent disputes between its members and political intrigues, such as the removal of Presidents Abdalá Bucaram in 1997 and Lucio Gutiérrez in 2005.
Bite The Ballot
Bite The Ballot (BTB) is a party-neutral movement and registered youth democracy charity, based in the United Kingdom. Its mission is to empower young people to evolve UK democracy.

BTB was formed in April 2010 by business studies teachers David Hughesman and Michael Sani, along with other staff and students, at Wilmington Enterprise College in Dartford. As a youth-led project, the students' mission was to rebrand politics and prove that young people do care about improving democracy.

Hope not Hate
Hope not Hate (stylised as HOPE not hate) is an advocacy group based in the United Kingdom which campaigns against racism and neo-fascism. It has also mounted campaigns against Islamic extremism and antisemitism. It is self-described as a "non-partisan, non-sectarian organisation."
The group was founded in 2004 by Nick Lowles, a former editor of the anti-fascist magazine Searchlight (from which it split in late 2011). It is backed by various politicians and celebrities, and it has also been backed by several trade unions.
KiHa 120
The KiHa 120 (キハ120形, Kiha-120-gata) is a single-car diesel multiple unit (DMU) train type operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR-West) on its rural lines in Japan. Based on Niigata Tekkō's "NDC" lightweight diesel car design intended for third sector operators (such as Matsuura Railway, Takachiho Railway, and Kumagawa Railway), a total of 89 cars were built, with the class divided into three sub-classes: KiHa 120-0, KiHa 120-200, and KiHa 120-300.

Yunomae Line
The Yunomae Line (湯前線, Yunomae-sen) is a railway line in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan, connecting Hitoyoshi-Onsen Station in Hitoyoshi and Yunomae Station in Yunomae. It is the only railway line operated by third sector railway company Kumagawa Railroad (くま川鉄道, Kumagawa Tetsudō; lit. 'Kuma River Railroad'). As the company name suggests, the line parallels the Kuma River. The company is also called Kumatetsu (くま鉄). The company took over the former JR Kyushu line in 1989.
CIOPW
CIOPW is a collection of artwork by E. E. Cummings published in 1931. The title is an acronym made from the initial letters of the five media Cummings used to produce the collection: charcoal, ink, oil, pencil, and watercolours.

CIOPW contains 99 works, 27 of which are drawings and 72 of which are paintings. Since it is Cummings' art and not his words that are on display, the title is also to be read as the ancient Greek word σιωπῶ ('I am silent'} with (i) a so-called lunate sigma, (ii) iota, (iii) an omicron, (iv) a pi rather than a "Ρ" (rho) to keep the sound the same, and (v) an accented omega to represent "W" visually. The title should thus be pronounced "see-ô-pô", with the stress on the last syllable. Compare his other Greek titles EIMI = εἰμί ('I am'); and XAIPE = χαῖρε (pronounced "chaire," with a guttural ch), "greetings, be well".

Ink
Ink is a gel, sol, or solution that contains at least one colorant, such as a dye or pigment, and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, reed pen, or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form, are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic printing.

Ink can be a complex medium, composed of solvents, pigments, dyes, resins, lubricants, solubilizers, surfactants, particulate matter, fluorescents, and other materials. The components of inks serve multiple purposes; the ink's carrier, colorants, and other additives affect the flow and thickness of the ink and its dry appearance.