hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hulme Arch Bridge
The Hulme Arch Bridge in Hulme, Manchester, England, supports Stretford Road as it passes over Princess Road, and is located at grid reference SJ838968. The construction of the bridge formed part of the regeneration of the Hulme district of Manchester, both by re-establishing the former route of Stretford Road, which had been cut into two halves by the construction of Princess Road in 1969, and by providing a local landmark. The location was previously occupied by a footbridge.

The bridge consists of a deck supported by cables from a single arch that spans the bridge diagonally. The design was selected in June 1995, with construction running between May 1996 and April 1997. It was opened on 10 May 1997 by Alex Ferguson.

Landmark
A landmark is a recognizable natural or artificial feature used for navigation, a feature that stands out from its near environment and is often visible from long distances.

In modern-day use, the term can also be applied to smaller structures or features that have become local or national symbols.
2017–18 George Mason Patriots women's basketball team
The 2017–18 George Mason Patriots women's basketball team represented George Mason University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Patriots, led by fifth year head coach Nyla Milleson, played their home games at EagleBank Arena and were members of the Atlantic 10 Conference. They finished the season 24–10, 11–5 in A-10 play to finish in fourth place. They advanced to the quarterfinals of the A-10 women's tournament, where they lost to George Washington. They received an at-large bid to the Women's National Invitation Tournament, where they defeated Stephen F. Austin in the first round before losing to Virginia Tech in the second round.

2018 Atlantic 10 women's basketball tournament
The 2018 Atlantic 10 women's basketball tournament was a postseason tournament that completed the 2017–18 season of the Atlantic 10 Conference. It was played at campus sites on February 27 for the first round, with the remaining games held on March 2–4 at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond, Virginia.
Football at the 2019 Pacific Games
Football at the 2019 Pacific Games was held on 8–20 July in Apia in Samoa.

In the men's football tournament, the gold medal was won by New Zealand's under-23 team.

The women's tournament was won by Papua New Guinea, the country's fifth successive gold medal in women's football – Papua New Guinea have won every edition of the event since it began at the Pacific Games in 2003. The silver medal was the first ever honour for the Samoa women's national football team.

2019 Pacific Games
The 16th Pacific Games (Samoan: Taʻaloga Lona-Sefulu-Ono a le Pasefika), also known as Apia 2019,  were held from 7 to 20 July 2019. The Games were held in Apia, Samoa, returning there for the first time since 2007. It was the third time overall that the Pacific Games were held in Samoa.

The event was initially awarded to Nukuʻalofa, Tonga, but the Tongan government officially withdrew from hosting it in May 2017, amid concerns the country could face economic difficulties if it proceeded.

These Games included an additional discipline for basketball, which is the 3x3 format, as well as the return of archery and badminton which were not on the 2015 Pacific Games program.
Itchen Bridge
The Itchen Bridge is a bridge over the River Itchen in Southampton, Hampshire. It is a high-level hollow box girder bridge. It is located about a mile from the river mouth. The bridge spans 870 yards (800 m), is 92 feet (28 m) at its highest point and weighs 62,000 tons. The bridge connects the A3025 Portsmouth Road to Southampton. It was built to replace the former chain ferry, known as the Floating Bridge, that crossed the river at that point. The bridge's set of blue energy-saving lights can be seen from up to 5 miles (8 km) down Southampton Water from the bridge.

The bridge has achieved notoriety as a venue for suicide, with over 200 alleged suicides recorded since its opening in 1977, prompting calls for the construction of preventive measures along its length.

Box girder bridge
A box girder bridge, or box section bridge, is a bridge in which the main beams comprise girders in the shape of a hollow box. The box girder normally comprises prestressed concrete, structural steel, or a composite of steel and reinforced concrete. The box is typically rectangular or trapezoidal in cross-section. Box girder bridges are commonly used for highway flyovers and for modern elevated structures of light rail transport. Although the box girder bridge is normally a form of beam bridge, box girders may also be used on cable-stayed and other bridges.
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Nebraska
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Nebraska was held on November 3, 2020, to elect the three U.S. representatives from the state of Nebraska, one from each of the state's three congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections.

Adrian Smith (politician)
Adrian Michael Smith (born December 19, 1970) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for Nebraska's 3rd congressional district since 2007. A member of the Republican Party, he represented the 48th district in the Nebraska Legislature from 1999 to 2007. Smith is the dean of Nebraska's congressional delegation since 2022 following Jeff Fortenberry's resignation.
Peter Menzies (philosopher)
Peter Charles Menzies (5 Feb 1953 – 6 Feb 2015) was an Australian philosopher and past president of the Australasian Association of Philosophy, who held teaching positions at Macquarie University, University of Sydney, and Australian National University.  He specialized in metaphysics, especially the philosophy of causation. He became a fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 2007.

Menzies was a student of Nancy Cartwright at Stanford University where he received his PhD in 1984.

He and philosopher Huw Price developed a version of Agency Theory of Causation, which is statement of manipulability theory of causation.  In this view, human actors play an important role in cause and effect.

Australasian Association of Philosophy
The Australasian Association of Philosophy (AAP) is the peak body for philosophy in Australasia. The chief purpose of the AAP is to promote philosophy in Australia, New Zealand, and Singapore. Among the means that it follows to achieve this end, the AAP runs an annual conference, publishes two journals, awards various prizes, sponsors postgraduate and undergraduate philosophical activities, maintains affiliations with numerous other organisations that aim to promote philosophy and philosophical activity, and promotes philosophy in schools, cafes, pubs, and everywhere else that philosophy may be found.
Garzewko
Garzewko [ɡaˈʐɛfkɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jonkowo, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.
Methylene shuffle
The methylene shuffle is a strategy in medicinal chemistry used to modify the hydrophobicity of a compound. It involves shortening one alkyl chain by one carbon unit and lengthening another alkyl chain by one carbon unit.

An example of the methylene shuffle is the structural modification of the psychedelic drug lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), which has N,N-diethyl groups, into methylisopropyllysergamide (MiPLA), which has N-methyl and N-isopropyl groups.

Alkyl group
In organic chemistry, an alkyl group is an alkane missing one hydrogen.
The term alkyl is intentionally unspecific to include many possible substitutions. 
An acyclic alkyl has the general formula of −CnH2n+1. A cycloalkyl group is derived from a cycloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring and has the general formula −CnH2n−1.
Typically an alkyl is a part of a larger molecule. In structural formulae, the symbol R is used to designate a generic (unspecified) alkyl group. The smallest alkyl group is methyl, with the formula −CH3.
Atlanta Review
Atlanta Review is an international poetry journal based in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It was founded by Daniel Veach in 1994 and is published twice a year. Karen Head of the Georgia Institute of Technology became editor in 2016.

The journal's focus is poetry, but interviews and black-and-white artwork are occasionally accepted. Nobel Laureates, American Poets Laureate, and Pulitzer Prize winners are among the many notable poets whose work has appeared in Atlanta Review, including Joseph Brodsky, Billy Collins, Carl Dennis, Stephen Dunn, Gunter Grass, Rachel Hadas, Seamus Heaney, Josephine Jacobsen, Yusef Komunyakaa, Ted Kooser, Thomas Lux, Eugenio Montale, Paul Muldoon, Natasha Trethewey, Maxine Kumin,  Charles Simic, Louis Simpson, Tracy K. Smith, Alicia Stallings, Mark Strand, Derek Walcott, and Charles Wright. Works first published in Atlanta Review have been included in the Best American Poetry and Pushcart Prize anthologies.

Rachel Hadas
Rachel Hadas (born November 8, 1948) is an American poet, teacher, essayist, and translator. Her most recent essay collection is Piece by Piece: Selected Prose (Paul Dry Books, 2021), and her most recent poetry collection is Ghost Guest (Ragged Sky Press, 2023). Her honors include a Guggenheim Fellowship, Ingram Merrill Foundation Grants, the O.B. Hardison Award from the Folger Shakespeare Library, and an Award in Literature from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters.
Saint-Petersburg Elizabethan Institute
The Saint-Petersburg Elizabethan Institute (Russian: Санкт-Петербургский Елизаветинский институт) was a girls' school in Saint Petersburg in Russia between 1806 and 1918. It was a charity school, founded by Elizabeth Alexeievna (Louise of Baden) within the Patriotic Society (Russia). Originally a charity school with the purpose of educating the students in handicrafts to make the ideal wives and mothers but with the ability to support themselves if necessary, it became a fashionable girl school in the mid-19th century.

Elizabeth Alexeievna (Louise of Baden)
Elizabeth Alexeievna (Russian: Елизавета Алексеевна; romanization: Elizaveta Alekseyevna; 24 January [O.S. 13 January] 1779 – 16 May [O.S. 4 May] 1826), born Princess Louise of Baden (German: Luise Marie Auguste von Baden), was Empress of Russia during her marriage to Emperor Alexander I.
Corrie Ndaba
Corrie Richard Ndaba (born 25 December 1999) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a centre-back or left-back for Serie A club Lecce.

Ndaba made his professional debut while on loan with Scottish club Ayr United, and was voted as the Supporters Player of the Year while on loan to Salford City, and has also spent time at Burton Albion.

Internationally, Ndaba has played for the Republic of Ireland U18 team, and has also received a call up from Stephen Kenny to the U21 team.

Republic of Ireland national under-19 football team
The Republic of Ireland national under-19 football team, is the national under-19 football team of the Republic of Ireland and is controlled by the Football Association of Ireland and competes in the biennial European Under-19 Football Championship.

The team has competed in several championships.
Ardboe High Cross
Ardboe High Cross (Irish: Seanchrois Ard Bó) is a high cross and national monument dating from the tenth century located in Ardboe, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland.

The cross stands at the entrance to a cemetery and a monastery and a church from the seventeenth century which was founded in 590 by Saint Colman. The monastery was destroyed by fire in the twelfth century.  It is believed to have been erected in either the ninth or the tenth century. The name "Ard Boe", which is an english variation of the irish word ard bó in the gaelic spelling means "hill of the cow" it comes from a legend that the monastery of Ardboe was built from the milk of a magic cow out of Lough Neagh. and forms the only remaining part of an early monastery on the site.

At around 18.5 feet (5.6 m), Ardboe High Cross is Northern Ireland's tallest cross. Although the head of the cross is damaged, it seems to be the only such cross in Northern Ireland to remain largely complete and original.

Lough Neagh
Lough Neagh (/lɒx ˈneɪ/ lokh NAY; Irish: Loch nEathach [l̪ˠɔx ˈn̠ʲaha(x)]) is a freshwater lake in Northern Ireland and is the largest lake on the island of Ireland and in the British Isles. It has a surface area of 148 square miles (383 square kilometres) and is about 19 miles (31 km) long and 9 miles (14 km) wide. According to Northern Ireland Water, it supplies 40.7% of Northern Ireland's drinking water.

Its main inflows are the Upper River Bann and Blackwater, and its main outflow is the Lower Bann. There are several small islands, including Ram's Island, Coney Island and Derrywarragh Island. The lake bed is owned by the 12th Earl of Shaftesbury and the lake is managed by Lough Neagh Partnership. Its name comes from Irish Loch nEachach [ˌl̪ˠɔx ˈn̠ʲahəx], meaning "Eachaidh's lake".
Colonial Village, Knoxville
Colonial Village is a neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee. Located in the South Knoxville area, it was registered in the city deed books in 1940. The village was developed after World War II and into the 1950s.

The area covered in Colonial Village is surrounded by Chapman Highway, Martin Mill Pike, Stone Road, Magazine Road, and West Ford Valley Road.

The ZIP code for this neighborhood is 37920.

Its main high school in the area is South-Doyle High School.

South-Doyle High School
South-Doyle High School is a Southern Association of Colleges and Schools' accredited high school in unincorporated Knox County, Tennessee, near Knoxville, operated by the Knox County Schools school district.

The official feeder school is South-Doyle Middle School which gains students from Bonny Kate Elementary, Dogwood Elementary, Gap Creek Elementary, Mooreland Heights Elementary, Mount Olive Elementary, New Hopewell Elementary, and South Knoxville Elementary School. It serves areas south of the Tennessee River.

Brad Carr is the current head principal. He began this position during the 2022-2023 school year.
M1905
M1905 can refer to:

M1905 bayonet

FN M1905 pistol

Colt M1905 New Marine revolver

Colt M1905 pistol

Smith & Wesson Model 1905 revolver

M1905 variant of the Ross rifle

Puteaux M1905 machine gun variant of the St. Étienne Mle 1907

120 mm Krupp howitzer M1905

6-inch gun M1905

6-inch gun M1897
The 6-inch gun M1897 (152 mm) and its variants the M1900, M1903, M1905, M1908, and M1 (a.k.a. T2) were coastal artillery pieces installed to defend major American seaports between 1897 and 1945. For most of their history they were operated by the United States Army Coast Artillery Corps. They were installed on disappearing carriages or pedestal (a.k.a. barbette) mountings, and during World War II many were remounted on shielded barbette carriages. Most of the weapons not in the Philippines were scrapped within a few years after World War II.
Cora minutula
Cora minutula is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in Ecuador, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Robert Lücking, Bibiana Moncada, and Alba Yánez-Ayabaca. The specific epithet minutula refers to the small size of the thallus—measuring up to 2 cm (0.8 in) across. The lichen is known only from the type locality, in the páramo of La Virgen (Papallacta, Napo. Here, in the northern Andes at elevations above 3,000 m (9,800 ft), it grows as an epiphyte on páramo shrubs.

Napo Province
Napo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnapo]) is a province of Ecuador. Its capital is Tena. The province is named after the Napo River. The province is not well developed and does not have much industrial presence. The thick rainforest is home to many natives that remain isolated by preference, descendants of those who fled the Spanish invasion in the Andes, and the Incas years before. In 2000, the province was the sole remaining majority-indigenous province of Ecuador, with 56.3% of the province either claiming indigenous identity or speaking an indigenous language.

This province is one of the many located in Ecuador's section of the Amazon rainforest.

In Napo province are also Antisana Ecological Reserve, Sumaco Napo-Galeras National Park, and Limoncocha National Biological Reserve.
Astro Boy (soundtrack)
Astro Boy (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score to the 2009 film Astro Boy directed by David Bowers, which is loosely based on the manga series of the same name. The score is composed by John Ottman and released through Varèse Sarabande on October 20, 2009.

John Ottman
John Ottman (born July 6, 1964) is an American film composer, director, and editor. He is best known for collaborating with director Bryan Singer, composing and/or editing many of his films, including Public Access (1993), The Usual Suspects (1995), Superman Returns (2006), Valkyrie (2008) and Jack the Giant Slayer (2013), as well as the X-Men film series. For his work on Singer's 2018 Queen biopic Bohemian Rhapsody, Ottman won the Academy Award for Best Film Editing.
Malibu Shores
Malibu Shores is an American primetime teen drama/soap opera that aired on Saturday Night at 8:00PM EST from March to June 1996 for ten episodes on NBC. Created by Aaron Spelling and starring Keri Russell and Tony Lucca, the program followed the exploits of Southern California teens.

Aaron Spelling
Aaron Spelling (April 22, 1923 – June 23, 2006) was an American film and television producer and occasional actor. His productions included the television series Family (1976–1980); Charlie's Angels (1976–1981); The Love Boat (1977–1986); Hart to Hart (1979–1984); Dynasty (1981–1989); Beverly Hills, 90210 (1990–2000); Melrose Place (1992–1999); 7th Heaven (1996–2007); and Charmed (1998–2006). He also served as producer of The Mod Squad (1968–1973), The Rookies (1972–1976) and Sunset Beach (1997–1999).

Through his production company Spelling Television, Spelling holds the record as the most prolific television producer in American television history, with 218 producer and executive producer credits. Forbes ranked him the 11th-highest-earning deceased celebrity in 2009.
Helen Nielsen
Helen Nielsen (23 October 1918, Roseville, Illinois – 22 June 2002, Prescott, Arizona) was an author of mysteries and television scripts for such television dramas as Perry Mason and Alfred Hitchcock Presents.

She was born in Roseville, Illinois, and studied journalism, art and aeronautical drafting at various schools, including the Chicago Art Institute. Before her writing career, she worked as a draftsman during World War II and contributed to the designs of B-36, XB-47, and P-80 aircraft.

Her stories were often set in Laguna Beach and Oceanside, California where she lived for 60 years.

Some of her novels were reprinted by Black Lizard, including Detour and Sing Me a Murder.

Oceanside, California
Oceanside is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. The city had a population of 174,068 at the 2020 United States census, making it the most populous city in the North County region of San Diego. The city is a popular tourist destination, owing to its historic landmarks, beaches, and architecture.

Oceanside's origins date to 1798, when the Spanish founded the village of San Luis Rey with the establishment of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia by Fermín de Lasuén. During the Spanish period, Mission San Luis Rey grew to be the largest of all the Californian missions, but following the Mexican secularization act of 1833 the mission and its community declined. Following the U.S. conquest of California, the former mission lands were developed into an oceanfront resort and the community's name gradually changed to Oceanside.
Kastoria (regional unit)
Kastoria (Greek: Περιφερειακή Ενότητα Καστοριάς, Perifereiakí Enótita Kastoriás) is one of the 74 regional units of Greece and is part of the region of Western Macedonia. Its capital is the homonymous city of Kastoria.

Regional units of Greece
The 74 regional units of Greece are the country's third-level administrative units (counting decentralized administrations as first-level). They are subdivisions of the country's 13 regions, and are further divided into municipalities.

They were introduced as part of the Kallikratis administrative reform on 1 January 2011 and are comparable in area and, on the mainland, coterminous with the "pre-Kallikratis" prefectures of Greece.
Jacques Villeneuve (racing driver, born 1953)
Jacques-Joseph Villeneuve (born November 4, 1953) is a Canadian racing driver. He is the younger brother of the late Gilles Villeneuve, and uncle to Jacques Villeneuve, the 1997 Formula One World Champion. He is sometimes called "Uncle Jacques" ("L'oncle Jacques" in French) to differentiate him from his nephew, and is also known by the nickname "Jacquo". Villeneuve had a varied motorsport career, taking in Formula Atlantic, CART, Can-Am, snowmobile racing and Formula One, and remains a revered figure in Canadian motorsport circles. Villeneuve was the first three-time winner of the World Championship Snowmobile Derby.

Formula Atlantic
Formula Atlantic is a specification of open-wheel racing car developed in the 1970s. It was used in professional racing through the IMSA Atlantic Championship until 2009 and is currently primarily used in amateur racing through Sports Car Club of America Formula Atlantic.
Rule 34 (novel)
Rule 34 is a near-future science fiction novel by Charles Stross. It is a loose sequel to Halting State and was published on 5 July 2011 in the US and 7 July 2011 in the UK. The title is a reference to the Internet meme Rule 34, which states that "If it exists, there is porn of it. No exceptions." Rule 34 was nominated for the 2012 Arthur C. Clarke Award and the 2012 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel.

Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel
The Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel is one of the annual Locus Awards presented  by the science fiction and fantasy magazine Locus.  Awards presented in a given year are for works published in the previous calendar year. The award for Best Science Fiction Novel was first presented in 1980, and is among the awards still presented (as of 2022). Previously, there had simply been an award for Best Novel. A similar award for Best Fantasy Novel was introduced in 1978. The Locus Awards have been described as a prestigious prize in science fiction, fantasy and horror literature.