hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS Scabbardfish
USS Scabbardfish (SS-397), a Balao-class submarine, was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named after the scabbarddfish, a long, compressed, silver-colored fish found on European coasts and around New Zealand. In 1965 she was transferred to the Hellenic Navy and renamed Triaina.

Korean Service Medal
The Korean Service Medal (KSM) was a military award for service in the United States Armed Forces and was established November 8, 1950, by executive order of President Harry Truman. The Korean Service Medal is the primary US military award for service or participation in operations in the  Korean area during the Korean War between June 27, 1950, and July 27, 1954.
Kyll Viaduct
The Kyll Viaduct (German: Kylltalbrücke) has a span of 223 metres (732 ft) and is the largest arch bridge in Germany that is made entirely of reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete.

The bridge carries the A 60 motorway over the valley of the Kyll in the Eifel mountains near Wilsecker between the junctions of Bitburg and Badem, and was built from 1995 to 1999. It has a total length of 645 metres and a maximum height of 93 metres.

Bitburg
Bitburg (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪtbʊʁk] ⓘ; French: Bitbourg; Luxembourgish: Béibreg [ˈbɜɪ̯bʀəɕ]) is a city in Germany, in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate approximately 25 km (16 mi.) northwest of Trier and 50 km (31 mi.) northeast of Luxembourg city. The American Spangdahlem Air Base is nearby.
2014 CS Nebelhorn Trophy
The 2014 Nebelhorn Trophy was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2014–15 season. Part of the 2014–15 ISU Challenger Series, it was held on 24–27 September 2014 at the Eislaufzentrum Oberstdorf in Oberstdorf, Germany. Medals were awarded in men's and ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance.

Oberstdorf
Oberstdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐstˌdɔʁf] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Oberschdorf) is a  municipality located in the Allgäu region of the Bavarian Alps of southern Germany. It is the southernmost settlement in Germany, and being one of its highest towns, is known for its skiing and hiking parks.

At the center of Oberstdorf is a church whose tall spire serves as a landmark for navigating around town. The summits of the Nebelhorn and Fellhorn provide dramatic panoramic views of the alps. The Nebelhorn can be reached with a big cable car. Visitors can ride a unique diagonal elevator to the top of the Heini-Klopfer-Skiflugschanze.
The Tiger Who Came to Tea
The Tiger Who Came to Tea is a short children's story, first published by William Collins, Sons in 1968, written and illustrated by Judith Kerr. The book concerns a girl called Sophie, her mother, and an anthropomorphised tiger who invites himself to their afternoon tea and consumes all the food and drink they have.

The original artwork for the book is held by Seven Stories, a children's literature centre in the UK. The Tiger Who Came to Tea is one of the best selling children's books of all time. The book remains extremely popular more than 50 years after it was first published, and a theatrical adaptation of the story has been produced. A television adaptation of the book aired on UK's Channel 4 on Christmas Eve 2019.

Seven Stories
Seven Stories, the National Centre for Children's Books is a museum and visitor centre dedicated to children's literature and based in the Ouseburn Valley, Newcastle upon Tyne, close to the city's regenerated Quayside. The renovated Victorian mill in which it is housed has seven levels. It is the first and only museum in the UK wholly devoted to the art of British children's books. Their archive is housed in a separate building in Felling.
German submarine U-704
German submarine U-704 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

Commissioned on 18 November 1941 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Horst Wilhelm Kessler, U-704 carried out training operations as part of the 8th U-boat Flotilla until 30 June 1942.

8th U-boat Flotilla
The 8th U-boat Flotilla (German 8. Unterseebootsflottille) was formed in June 1941 in Königsberg under the command of Kapitänleutnant Georg-Wilhelm Schulz, who also at this time commanded the 6th U-boat Flotilla in Danzig. It was primarily a training flotilla but in the last months of the war some flotilla boats were in combat against the Soviet Navy in the Baltic Sea. The flotilla was disbanded in January 1945.
1993 Epsom Derby
The 1993 Epsom Derby was a horse race which took place at Epsom Downs on Wednesday 2 June 1993. It was the 214th running of the Derby, and it was won by Commander in Chief. The winner was ridden by Michael Kinane and trained by Henry Cecil. The pre-race favourite Tenby finished tenth.

Craven Stakes
The Craven Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old colts and geldings. It is run over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres) on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket in mid-April.
San José, Escuintla
San José is a municipality in the Escuintla department of Guatemala. The municipal seat is Puerto San José. The municipality also contains Puerto Quetzal, Guatemala's main Pacific Ocean port. In 2018 the municipality had 62,801 inhabitants.

Puerto San José
Puerto San José, also known as Port of San José, is a town on Guatemala's Pacific Ocean coast,  in the department of Escuintla. It has a population of 23,887 (2018 census), making it the largest town on the nation's Pacific coast.

For centuries it served as the Pacific port for Guatemala, but was superseded in the 20th century by Puerto Quetzal, four kilometres to the east. The Puerto Quetzal complex is the major employer in the district.

The local tourist industry caters largely to weekenders from Guatemala City. San José Airport has been refurbished lately and is now the official alternate airport for Guatemala City.
Paavo Nurmi Marathon (Turku)
The Paavo Nurmi Marathon is an annual marathon road running race held during summer in Turku, Finland, the birth city of Paavo Nurmi. Although various marathons have been held in Turku since 1910, the Paavo Nurmi Marathon was established in 1992. It is arranged along with Paavo Nurmi Games, a part of Paavo Nurmi happening week. The route goes through Turku city and Ruissalo park. The marathon attracts yearly 500 to 1000 participants.

Summer
Summer or summertime is the hottest and brightest of the four temperate seasons, occurring after spring and before autumn. At or centred on the summer solstice, daylight hours are the longest and darkness hours are the shortest, with day length decreasing as the season progresses after the solstice. The earliest sunrises and latest sunsets also occur near the date of the solstice. The date of the beginning of summer varies according to definition, climate, tradition, and culture. When it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere, and vice versa.
Talkhab-e Riz
Talkhab-e Riz (Persian: تلخ ابريز, also Romanized as Talkhāb-e Rīz; also known as Talkhāb) is a village in Ahram Rural District, in the Central District of Tangestan County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 18, in 4 families.

Bushehr province
Bushehr Province (Persian: استان بوشهر) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the south of the country, with a long coastline on the Persian Gulf. Its capital is the city of Bushehr.

The province was made a part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into five regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014.
Third Battle of Winchester order of battle: Confederate
The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the Third Battle of Winchester on September 19, 1864. The Union order of battle is listed separately. The battle was fought on September 19, 1864, near Winchester, Virginia, and Opequon Creek. The battle is also known as the Battle of Opequon or the Battle of Opequon Creek.

Winchester, Virginia, in the American Civil War
The city of Winchester, Virginia, and the surrounding area were the site of numerous battles during the American Civil War, as the contending armies strove to control the lower Shenandoah Valley. Winchester changed hands more often than any other Confederate city.
1949 in New Zealand
The following lists events that happened during 1949 in New Zealand.

Most New Zealanders became New Zealand citizens in addition to being British subjects, as the British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948 came into effect.

The National government of Sydney Holland was elected in the 1949 New Zealand general election.

British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948
The British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948 (Public Act no. 15 of 1948) was an Act of the New Zealand Parliament passed into law in 1948 establishing New Zealand citizenship for New Zealanders, separate from their previous status as British subjects.
Diamant premetro station
Diamant is a premetro (underground tram) station located in the municipality of Schaerbeek in Brussels, Belgium. The station opened on 2 May 1972. It is one of four stations of the so-called Greater Ring premetro axis built in the 1970s, which runs under the Greater Ring (Brussels' second ring road). This underground station is currently served by tram routes 7 and 25. It offers a connection with bus routes 12, 21, 28, 29 and 79 at ground level.

The station gets its name from the Avenue Diamant/Diamantlaan. It is located at the crossroad between this avenue, the Greater Ring, the Avenue des Cerisiers/Kerselarenlaan and the Avenue de Roodebeek/Roodebeeklaan, next to the buildings of the public broadcasters, the Dutch-language VRT and the French-language RTBF. It was built at the same time as the E40 motorway, which ends there and splits into several tunnels and off-ramps.

VRT (broadcaster)
The Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie ("Flemish Radio and Television broadcasting organisation"), shortened to VRT (Dutch: [ˌveːjɛrˈteː]), is one of the national public service broadcasters for the Flemish Community of Belgium. Its counterpart in the French Community is the French-language RTBF (Radio-télévision belge de la Communauté française), and in the German-speaking Community it is BRF (Belgischer Rundfunk).

The VRT operates six television channels (VRT 1, VRT Canvas, Ketnet, Sporza, VRT NWS and VRT MAX) together with a number of radio channels, including Radio 1, Radio 2, Klara, Studio Brussel, and MNM.
Joyce Maker
Joyce A. Maker is an American politician from Maine. A Republican, Maker has served in local government, including the Calais Town Council and School Board as well as in the Maine House of Representatives (District 31) from 2010 until 2016. A retired college administrator, Maker worked for Washington County Community College. She attended both the University of Maine at Machias and Washington County Community College. She also served on the board and as chair of the Finance Authority of Maine.

In June 2016, Maker won the primary for her party's nomination in Senate District 6, which includes all of Washington County and some of Hancock County. She defeated Calais City Councilor Billy Howard, who was endorsed by Governor Paul LePage. Maker defeated Democrat Rock Alley in the November general election, and took office in December.

Calais, Maine
Calais (/ˈkælɪs/; similar to the word "callous") is a city in Washington County, Maine, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 3,079, making Calais the largest municipality by population in Washington County, but the third least-populous city in Maine (after Hallowell and Eastport). The city has three Canada–US border crossings (also known as ports of entry) over the St. Croix River connecting to St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada.

Calais has been a city of commerce and is recognized as the primary shopping center of eastern Washington County and of Charlotte County, New Brunswick. Retail, service, and construction businesses are the primary components of the Calais economy.
Clout (nail)
A clout or clout nail is a relatively short, thick nail with a large, flat head, used for attaching sheet material to wooden frames or to  sheet. A typical use involves fixing roofing felt to the top of a shed. Clout nails are also used in timber fence  palings. They are usually made of galvanised mild steel, but copper clouts are also available.

Bituminous waterproofing
Bituminous waterproofing systems are designed to protect residential and commercial buildings. Bitumen (asphalt or coal-tar pitch) is a material made up of organic liquids that are highly sticky, viscous, and waterproof. Systems incorporating bituminous-based substrates are sometimes used to construct roofs, in the form of "roofing felt" or "roll roofing" products.
Meshchyorsky National Park
Meshchyorsky National Park (Russian: Национальный парк «Мещерский») covers extensive wetlands (swamps, peat bogs, rivers and lakes) and pine/birch woodlands in the Meshchera Lowlands on the East European Plain in the northern section of Ryazan Oblast, Russia, about 120 km east of Moscow. The wetland habitat provides for extremely rich biodiversity among the plants and animals.  "Meshchersky" (Мещёрский) National Park is not to be confused with "Meshchyora" (Мещёра) National Park, which is just to the north, over the border in Vladimir Oblast.  The park protects a section of the Pra River, Lake Beloye ("White Lake"), and associated wetlands and forests. About 54% of the park territory is used and managed for agricultural purposes by local communities.

Meshcheyorsk National Park forms a portion of the "Oka and Pra River Floodplains" wetland site under the Ramsar Convention (Ramsar ID #167), as a wetland of international importance.

Ramsar Convention
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971.

Every three years, representatives of the contracting parties meet as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP), the policy-making organ of the convention which adopts decisions (site designations, resolutions and recommendations) to administer the work of the convention and improve the way in which the parties are able to implement its objectives. In 2022, COP15 was held in Montreal, Canada.
Tatiana Eva-Marie
Tatiana Eva-Marie (born December 29, 1989) is a Swiss singer. She was born in Switzerland into a family of artists. Her father is Swiss-French and her mother is Romanian. She is known for founding the Avalon Jazz Band, singing jazz and French pop derived from the Django Reinhardt tradition. Her singing has been compared to jazz vocalists Cyrille Aimée and Cécile McLorin Salvant. Her band opened for vocalist and pianist Norah Jones.

Cécile McLorin Salvant
Cécile McLorin Salvant (born August 28, 1989) is a French-American jazz vocalist. Salvant is one of the most highly regarded jazz vocalists of her generation, often winning DownBeat annual critics polls. She has released eight albums since 2010, six of which have been nominated for Grammy Awards. She is a 3-time winner of the Best Jazz Vocal Album Grammy Award for her 2015 album For One to Love, her 2017 album Dreams and Daggers, and her 2018 album The Window, each released on the Mack Avenue label. Salvant's most recent album is Oh Snap, released in 2025 by Nonesuch Records. Salvant primarily sings in English or French, her first language, and has also recorded songs in Occitan and Haitian Kreyòl.
CLever Audio Plug-in
CLever Audio Plug-in or CLAP is an open source software architecture, application programming interface and reference implementation suite for audio effect plugins as used in multimedia software such as digital audio workstations, audio editing software, and video editing software with integrated audio workflows. The specification and reference implementation was released in 2022 by the Berlin-based audio software companies u-he and Bitwig.

CLAP was created as an open licensed alternative to proprietary audio plugin formats such as Steinberg's VST format, Apple's Audio Units format, or Avid Technology's Avid Audio Extension (AAX) format, designed for non-destructive parameter automation, multi-voice envelopes, true MIDI 2.0 support, better multi-core CPU performance and greater ease writing plugins in a non-proprietary licensing framework under the MIT License. CLAP is supported by 15 DAWs and 93 plugin producers who have produced 394 CLAP plugins.

Audio plug-in
In computer software, an audio plug-in is a plug-in that can add or enhance audio-related functions in a computer program, typically a digital audio workstation. Such functions may include digital signal processing or sound synthesis. Audio plug-ins usually provide their own user interface, which often contains graphical user interface (GUI) widgets that can be used to control and visualize the plug-in's audio parameters.
Vibronic spectroscopy
Vibronic spectroscopy is a branch of molecular spectroscopy concerned with vibronic transitions: the simultaneous changes in electronic and vibrational energy levels of a molecule due to the absorption or emission of a photon of the appropriate energy. In the gas phase, vibronic transitions are also accompanied by changes in rotational energy.

Vibronic spectra of diatomic molecules have been analysed in detail; emission spectra are more complicated than absorption spectra. The intensity of allowed vibronic transitions is governed by the Franck–Condon principle. Vibronic spectroscopy may provide information, such as bond length, on electronic excited states of stable molecules. It has also been applied to the study of unstable molecules such as dicarbon (C2) in discharges, flames and astronomical objects.

Bond length
In molecular geometry, bond length or bond distance is defined as the average distance between nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule. It is a transferable property of a bond between atoms of fixed types, relatively independent of the rest of the molecule.
Kathy Beauregard
Kathy Beauregard (born May 17, 1957) is the former director of athletics for Western Michigan University. She previously served as an associate athletic director at Western Michigan from 1989 to 1997, and as women's gymnastics head coach at Western Michigan from 1980 to 1988. Beauregard graduated from Hope College with a bachelor's degree in 1979, and from Western Michigan University with a master's degree in 1981. Beauregard's hiring of football coach P. J. Fleck in 2013 propelled the Broncos football team to its greatest successes in program history, culminating in a 13–1 record in 2016 and berth in the 2017 Cotton Bowl. Beauregard retired as athletic director at Western Michigan on December 31, 2021.

2017 Cotton Bowl Classic (January)
The 2017 Cotton Bowl Classic was a college football bowl game played on January 2, 2017, at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas. It featured the Western Michigan Broncos from the Mid-American Conference and the Wisconsin Badgers from the Big Ten Conference. The 81st Cotton Bowl Classic was one of the New Years Six bowl games in the College Football Playoff for the 2016–17 bowl games concluding the 2016 FBS football season.

The game was broadcast on ESPN, ESPN Deportes, ESPN Radio and XM Satellite Radio. It was sponsored by the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company and was officially known as the Goodyear Cotton Bowl Classic.
Holy Trinity Orthodox Seminary
Holy Trinity Orthodox Seminary (Russian: Свято-Троицкая духовная семинария в Джорданвилле) is an institution of higher learning under the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR) and located near Jordanville, New York. Associated with Holy Trinity Monastery, the seminary offers a four-year program of study leading to the degree of Bachelor of Theology (B.Th.) as well as a Master of Divinity (M.Div.) degree program that began in 2018.

Master of Divinity
For graduate-level theological institutions, the Master of Divinity (MDiv, magister divinitatis in Latin) is the first professional degree of the pastoral profession in North America. It is the most common academic degree in seminaries and divinity schools (e.g. in 2014 nearly 44 percent of all US students in schools accredited by the Association of Theological Schools were enrolled in an MDiv program).

In many Christian denominations and in some other religions, the degree is the standard prerequisite for ordination or licensing to professional ministry. At accredited seminaries in the United States, this degree requires between 72 and 106 credit hours of study (72 being the minimum determined by academic accrediting agencies, and 106 being on the upper end of certain schools that wish to ensure a broader study of the related disciplines.) After the completion of the Master of Divinity degree, students can continue further and get their professional Doctor of Ministry degree.
Karsten Meyer (chemist)
Karsten Meyer (born 17 May 1968 in Herne, Germany) is a German inorganic chemist and Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry at the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU). His research involves the coordination chemistry of transition metals as well as uranium coordination chemistry, small molecule activation with these coordination complexes, and the synthesis of new chelating ligands. He is the 2017 recipient of the Elhuyar-Goldschmidt Award of the Spanish Royal Society of Chemistry, the Ludwig-Mond Award of the Royal Society of Chemistry, and the L.A. Chugaev Commemorative Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences, among other awards. He also serves as an Associate Editor of the journal Organometallics since 2014.

Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry deals with synthesis and behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds. This field covers chemical compounds that are not carbon-based, which are the subjects of organic chemistry. The distinction between the two disciplines is far from absolute, as there is much overlap in the subdiscipline of organometallic chemistry. It has applications in every aspect of the chemical industry, including catalysis, materials science, pigments, surfactants, coatings, medications, fuels, and agriculture.
Giano della Bella
Giano Della Bella (c. 1240 Florence - France, before 19 April 1306) was a late thirteenth century Florentine politician and a leader of the revolt that brought in the Ordinances of Justice which entrenched the power of the Florentine guilds by excluding aristocrats from power in Florence.

He was born in the family castle within Florence into a Ghibelline (pro Holy Roman Emperor) family, although he became a Guelph and a populist.

In 1294 he was podestà of Pistoia. He is the protagonist of the first chapters of Dino Compagni's Nuova Cronica and is also mentioned by Dante in Paradise.

He was of noble birth but also a member of the Arte di Calimala, the wool merchant's guild.

Guilds of Florence
The guilds of Florence were secular corporations that controlled the arts and trades in Florence from the twelfth into the sixteenth century. These Arti included seven major guilds (collectively known as the Arti Maggiori), five middle guilds (Arti Mediane) and nine minor guilds (Arti Minori). Their rigorous quality control and the political role in the commune that the Arti Maggiori assumed were formative influences in the history of Florence, which became one of the richest cities of late medieval Europe.

The popolo minuto—skilled workers including weavers, spinners, dyers, boatmen, laborers, peddlers and others—despite constituting a majority of the population, were barred from forming guilds.