hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Tomioka Castle
The siege of Tomioka Castle (2-6 January 1638) was a defeat of the rebel peasants and ronin during Shimabara Rebellion. After a successful uprising in Shimabara Domain, several thousand of rebels crossed the sea to the nearby Amakusa islands, domain of the Terazawa family, to help the local Christians who rose to arms at the same time. The local Terazawa samurai suffered a devastating defeat at Hondo Castle, but the survivors took refuge in Tomioka Castle, where they were able to repulse several assaults.

Shimabara Domain
Shimabara Domain (島原藩, Shimabara-han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. Originally known as Hinoe Domain, its administrative center was initially established at Hinoe Castle in Minamishimabara, Nagasaki Prefecture. However, it was later relocated to Shimabara Castle in Shimabara, Nagasaki Prefecture. The domain was governed by various fudai daimyō clans, including the Koriki clan and the Fukōzu-Matsudaira clan.
Treaty of Stockholm (1813)
The 1813 Treaty of Stockholm was a "treaty of concert and subsidy" between the United Kingdom and Sweden. It was signed on 3 March 1813 by Alexander Hope and Edward Thornton for Great Britain and by Lars von Engeström and Gustaf af Wetterstedt for Sweden. The treaty secured Swedish military cooperation against Napoleon. In return, the United Kingdom would support the destruction of Denmark-Norway by annexation of the Norwegian part and to pay subsidies to Sweden.

As part of the treaty, Sweden agreed to end its slave trade.  Additionally, Britain ceded Guadeloupe to Sweden and British merchants were granted trading rights at Gothenburg, Karlshamn, and Strålsund.

Lars von Engeström
Count Lars von Engeström (24 December 1751 – 19 August 1826) was a Swedish statesman and diplomat who served as the first Prime Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1809 to 1824, and as the Chancellor of Lund University from 1810 to 1824.

He served as envoy in Vienna from 1782 to 1787, Warsaw from 1788 to 1792, London from 1793 to 1795, and ambassador in Vienna from 1795.

He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1810.

He was the son of Bishop Johan Engeström and brother of Jacob, Jonas, Gustaf, Johan, Maria Beata, Ulrika, and Adolph von Engeström.
Old Three Hundred
The "Old Three Hundred" were 297 grantees who purchased 307 parcels of land from Stephen Fuller Austin in Mexican Texas. Each grantee was head of a household, or in some cases, a partnership of unmarried men. Austin was an American approved in 1822 by Mexico as an empresario for this effort, after the nation had gained independence from Spain. By 1825,  the colony had a population of 1,790, including 443 enslaved African Americans. Because the Americans believed they needed enslaved workers, Austin negotiated with the Mexican government to gain approval, as the new nation was opposed to slavery. Mexico abolished it in 1829.

The colony encompassed an area that ran from the Gulf of Mexico on the south, to near present-day Jones Creek in Brazoria County, Brenham in Washington County, Navasota in Grimes County, and La Grange in Fayette County. It was the first authorized colony of Anglo-American settlers and enslaved African Americans in Mexico.

Washington County, Texas
Washington County is a county in Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 35,805. Its county seat is Brenham, which is located along U.S. Highway 290, 72 miles northwest of Houston. The county was created in 1835 as a municipality of Mexico and organized as a county in 1837. It is named for George Washington, the first president of the United States.

Washington County comprises the Brenham, TX micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Houston-The Woodlands, TX combined statistical area.

Washington-on-the-Brazos in the county is notable as the site of the signing of the Texas Declaration of Independence during the Convention of 1836. Reflecting the county's history as a destination of mid-19th-century German immigrants who came after the 1848 German revolutions, in the 2000 US Census, more than one-third of residents identified as being of German ancestry.
Raghu Dixit
Raghupati Dwarakanath Dixit (born 11 November 1974) is an Indian singer-composer, producer, and film score composer who is the frontman for the Raghu Dixit Project, a multilingual folk music band. Dixit prominently works in Kannada cinema as soundtrack composer.

Dixit's music is an amalgamation of Indian ethnic music and styles from different parts of the world. His songs include "Lokada Kalaji","Preetiya Hesare Neenu" "Alemaari" "Just Maath Maathalli" "Munjane Manjalli" "Gudugudiya" and "Ninna Poojege Bande Mahadeshwara" Dixit has produced music for contemporary dance and theatre productions including the Indian contemporary dance group Nritarutya, of which, his former wife Mayuri Upadhya, is the artistic director.

Music of India
Owing to India's vastness and diversity, Indian music encompasses numerous genres in multiple varieties and forms which include classical music, folk, rock, and pop. It has a history spanning several millennia and developed over several geo-locations spanning the sub-continent. Music in India began as an integral part of socio-religious life.
Dygert
Dygert is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chloé Dygert (born 1997), American cyclist

Erwin F. Dygert (1894–1962), American businessman

George Dygert (1870–1957), American football player and lawyer

Jimmy Dygert (1884–1936), American baseball player

Shawn Dygert, American politician

Chloé Dygert
Chloé Dygert (/ˈkloʊ.iː ˈdaɪɡərt/ KLOH-ee DYE-ghərt; born January 1, 1997) is an American professional racing cyclist who  rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Canyon–SRAM Zondacrypto. She has won eight gold medals at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships and four medals (one gold, one silver, and two bronze) at the Olympic Games. She also won the Women's junior road race and Women's junior time trial at the 2015 UCI Road World Championships.
Tropical Wet Forests (US and Mexico)
The Tropical Wet Forests are a Level I ecoregion of North America designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas. As the CEC consists only of Mexico, the United States, and Canada, the defined ecoregion does not extend outside these countries to Central America nor the Caribbean.

The Tropical Wet Forests ecoregion in North America includes the southern tip of the Florida Peninsula in the United States; within Mexico, the Gulf Coastal Plain, the western and southern part of the Pacific Coastal Plain, most of the Yucatán Peninsula and the lowlands of the Chiapas Sierra Madre, which continue south to Central and South America. The region has some overlap with the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests ecoregion defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature.

Geography of Florida
Much of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas, and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private airports, airstrips, heliports, and seaplane bases. Florida is one of the largest states east of the Mississippi River, and only Alaska and Michigan are larger in water area.
2024–25 Midlands Football League
The 2024–25 Midlands Football League was the 4th season of the Midlands Football League, part of the sixth tier of the Scottish football pyramid system.

Reigning champions Dundee North End and Broughty Athletic went into the final round of matches with a chance to win the championship - but, North End's 9–0 win over East Craigie gave them the title by 2 points, having gone 26 games unbeaten.

East Craigie F.C.
East Craigie Football Club are a Scottish football club based in Dundee. Members of the Scottish Junior Football Association, they currently play in the SJFA Midlands League. The club are one of a number who claim to be the oldest Junior club currently in existence, but are the oldest football club playing in Dundee.
R. E. Mountain Secondary School
R.E. Mountain Secondary is a public high school in northern Langley, British Columbia and is a part of School District 35 Langley. It originally opened in 1977 and was relocated to a new facility in 2019. As of 2014, the school no longer offers Grade 8 as Yorkson Creek Middle School took the position. During the 2020-2021 schoolyear, the administration changed the schedule layout to a quarterly system as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia. In September 2023, R.E. Mountain replaced Killarney Secondary School as the largest high school in British Columbia by enrollment.

Killarney Secondary School
Killarney Secondary School is a public secondary school in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is the largest public secondary school in the city by area. The school and the neighbourhood it is located in are named after Killarney, Ireland.
Algan, Qom
Algan (Persian: الگان, also Romanized as Algān; also known as Alkān) is a village in Qahan Rural District, Khalajestan District, Qom County, Qom Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 50, in 21 families.

Qom province
Qom Province (Persian: استان قم) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran with 11,237 km², covering 0.89% of the total area of the country. Its capital is the city of Qom.

The province is in the central part of the country and was formed from part of Tehran province in 1995. The province was designated as part of Region 1 following the division of Iranian provinces into 5 regions which took place on June 22, 2014, for the purposes of coordination and development.
Sopchoppy School
The Sopchoppy School (also known as Sopchoppy High School) is a historic site in Sopchoppy, Florida, located at 164 Yellow Jacket Avenue. On October 12, 2001, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

Sopchoppy, Florida
Sopchoppy is a city in Wakulla County, Florida, United States. The city is located on the Florida Panhandle in North Florida, with Ochlockonee River State Park located nearby. It is part of the Tallahassee, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 426 at the 2020 census, down from 457 at the 2010 census.
Barcelona (Pectus song)
"Barcelona" (Polish: [bar.t͡sɛˈlɔ.na]) is a Polish-language pop single performed by Pectus band. It was released on 23 November 2012, on the Siła braci album, by the Sony Music Entertainment Poland. It has been written and composed by the band vocalist, Tomasz Szczepaniak.

Sony Music Entertainment Poland
Sony Music Entertainment Poland Sp. z o.o. (SMEP) is a Polish subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment. It was founded in 1995 in Warsaw. The label's CEO is Kazimierz Pułaski.

The label was founded after Sony Music Entertainment took over the catalogue of MJM Music PL in late 1995. In 2003, MJM Music PL split from SME Poland and has since run as an independent label.

In 2004, the label merged with BMG Poland and formed Sony BMG Music Entertainment Poland, as of joint venture deal between Sony Music Entertainment and Bertelsmann Music Group. Polish division of Sony BMG included such artists as Big Cyc, Coma, Kayah and Maryla Rodowicz, among others.

In 2008, after BMG was bought by Sony Music, the Polish label returned to the previous name Sony Music Entertainment Poland. The label's most recently signed artists include singer Dawid Podsiadło and the bands Trzynasta w Samo Południe and Bracia.
Clicker training
Clicker training is a positive reinforcement animal training method based on a bridging stimulus (the clicker) in operant conditioning. The system uses conditioned reinforcers, which a trainer can deliver more quickly and more precisely than primary reinforcers such as food. The term "clicker" comes from a small metal cricket noisemaker adapted from a child's toy that the trainer uses to precisely mark the desired behavior. When training a new behavior, the clicker helps the animal to quickly identify the precise behavior that results in the treat. The technique is popular with dog trainers, but can be used for all kinds of domestic and wild animals.

Sometimes, instead of a click to mark the desired behavior, other distinctive sounds are made (such as a "whistle, a click of the tongue, a snap of the fingers, or even a word") or visual or other sensory cues (such as a flashlight, hand sign, or vibrating collar), especially helpful for deaf animals.

Clicker
A clicker, sometimes called a cricket, is any device that makes a clicking sound, usually when deliberately activated by its user.

They usually consist of a piece of thin metal or plastic held in a casing so that the metal is slightly torqued; depressing one end of the metal causes it to pop out of alignment and releasing it causes it to pop back into alignment, each time making a sharp click.

With some clickers, the user depresses the metal directly with thumb or finger; with others, a button extends above the surface of the casing so that depressing the button makes the metal click.
Rose of Nevada
Rose of Nevada is a 2025 British science fiction drama film written, edited, composed and directed by Mark Jenkin. Starring George MacKay and Callum Turner, the film tells the story of a fishing vessel that was lost at sea 30 years ago, and mysteriously reappears in the harbour of a fishing village.

The film had its world premiere in the Orizzonti section of the 82nd Venice International Film Festival on 30 August 2025.

Mark Jenkin
Mark Jenkin (born 1976) is a Cornish director, editor, screenwriter, cinematographer and producer. Most known for Bait (2019), which earned him a BAFTA Award for Outstanding Debut by a British Writer, Director or Producer.
Pidilite Industries
Pidilite Industries Limited is an Indian adhesives manufacturing company based in Andheri (East), Mumbai. The company is the leading adhesives manufacturer in India. Pidilite also manufactures products in verticals such as art materials and stationery; food and fabric care; car products, adhesives, and sealants; and speciality industrial products like adhesives, pigments; textile resins, leather chemicals, and construction chemicals.

Pidilite markets the Fevicol range of adhesives. Its other brands are FeviKwik, FeviGum, Fevicryl, Dr. Fixit, D-klog, Roff, Cyclo, Ranipal, Hobby Ideas, M-seal, and Acron. Pidilite has launched Dr.Fixit Heatshield, a heat-reducing exterior coating that is developed by R&D team in India & Singapore.

The company has manufacturing facilities across India including in Mahad (Maharashtra), Vapi (Gujarat), Baddi and Kala Amb (both in Himachal Pradesh).

Mahad
Mahad (pronunciationⓘ [məɦaːɖ]) is a city in Raigad district (formerly Kulaba district) situated in the North Konkan region of Maharashtra state, India. It is located 108.5 km (67.4 mi) from District Headquarters Alibag, and 167 km (104 mi) from Mumbai. Mahad is known for Raigad Fort, the capital of the Maratha Empire in Shivaji Maharaj's era and the revolutionary Mahad Satyagraha launched by (Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar) at Chavdar Tale (Tasty Lake) in the wake of modern India.
Stephan Welch
Christianity portal

Stephan John Welch (born 16 October 1950) is a retired Anglican priest. He was the Archdeacon of Middlesex from 2006 until his retirement effective 30 November 2019.

Welch was educated at the University of Hull and ordained deacon in 1977, and priest in 1978. After a curacy at Christ Church, Waltham Cross he was priest in charge at Reculver until 1986. He was then at St Bartholomew, Herne Bay until 1992; St Mary, Hurley until 2000; and St Peter, Hammersmith until his appointment as Archdeacon of Middlesex. It was announced on 13 June that Welch was to retire "later" in 2019.

Hurley, Berkshire
Hurley is a village and rural civil parish in Berkshire, England. Its riverside is agricultural, except for Hurley Priory, as are the outskirts of the village. The Olde Bell Inn adjoining the priory is believed to date from 1135.
Eggleton (surname)
Eggleton (/ˈɛɡ.əl.tən/) is an English surname, derived from either Egleton in Rutland or Eggleton, Herefordshire.

Notable people with this surname include:

Art Eggleton (born 1943), Canadian politician

Ben Eggleton (born 1970), Australian physicist

Bob Eggleton (born 1960), American artist

David Eggleton (born 1952), New Zealand author

Jaimee Eggleton (born 1964), Canadian figure skater

Jimmy Eggleton (1897–1963), English footballer

Mark Eggleton, Australian musician

Philip Eggleton (1903–1954), British biochemist

Tony Eggleton (1932–2023), Australian politician

Egleton
Egleton is a small village and civil parish in the county of Rutland in the East Midlands of England.  It is situated south east of Oakham, and is close to the western shore of Rutland Water. The population of the village remained less than 100 at the 2011 census and was included with the parish of Burley.

St Edmund's Church, the Church of England parish church, is a Grade I listed building. It has a notable Norman tympanum.

The village's name means 'farm/settlement of Ecgwulf'.
Dextromethorphan/bupropion
Dextromethorphan/bupropion (DXM/BUP), sold under the brand name Auvelity, is a combination medication for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Its active components are dextromethorphan (DXM) and bupropion. Patients who stayed on the medication had an average of 11% greater reduction in depressive symptoms than placebo in an FDA approval trial. It is taken as a tablet by mouth.

Side effects of dextromethorphan/bupropion include dizziness, headache, diarrhea, somnolence, dry mouth, sexual dysfunction, and hyperhidrosis, among others. The mechanism of action of dextromethorphan/bupropion in the treatment of depression is unknown.

Dextromethorphan/bupropion was developed by Axsome Therapeutics and was approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder in the United States in August 2022.

Side effect
In medicine, a side effect is an unintended effect caused by a medicinal drug or other treatment's capacities or properties, and these effects are often adverse but sometimes beneficial. Herbal and traditional medicines also have side effects.

A drug or procedure usually used for a specific effect may be used specifically because of a beneficial side-effect; this is termed "off-label use" until such use is approved. For instance, X-rays have long been used as an imaging technique; the discovery of their oncolytic capability led to their use in radiotherapy for ablation of malignant tumours.
Gulf of Castellammare
The gulf of Castellammare is a large and deep natural inlet going from Capo Rama (near Terrasini, in the province of Palermo) and Capo San Vito near San Vito Lo Capo, in the province of Trapani. It is located on the western coast of Sicily and it faces the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Tyrrhenian Sea
The Tyrrhenian Sea (/tɪˈriːniən, -ˈreɪ-/, tih-REE-nee-ən ,-RAY-; Italian: Mar Tirreno [mar tirˈrɛːno] or [-ˈreː-]) is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy. Its namesake is from the Tyrrhenian people, identified with the Etruscans of Italy.
Leonard Lyell, 1st Baron Lyell
Leonard Lyell, 1st Baron Lyell DL (21 October 1850 – 18 September 1926), was a Scottish Liberal politician.

The eldest son of Colonel Henry Lyell and Katharine Murray Lyell, he was a nephew of Sir Charles Lyell, 1st Baronet, the geologist.

He served as Liberal Member of Parliament for Orkney and Shetland from 1885 to 1900, and was commissioned a deputy lieutenant for Forfarshire in December 1901.

He was created a baronet in 1894 and raised to the peerage as Baron Lyell of Kinnordy in the County of Forfar, on 8 July 1914.

He married Mary Stirling in 1874, and had one son, Charles Henry (1875–1918) and two daughters, Mary Leonora (Nora), born 1877, and Helen (Nelly), born 1878.

His only son Charles Henry Lyell was also a Liberal MP but as he died in 1918 his son Charles Anthony Lyell succeeded to both the baronetcy and barony.

Orkney and Shetland (UK Parliament constituency)
Orkney and Shetland (Scottish Gaelic: Arcaibh agus Sealtainn) is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election and has been represented by Alistair Carmichael of the Scottish Liberal Democrats since 2001. In the Scottish Parliament, Orkney and Shetland are separate constituencies.
The constituency was historically known as Orkney and Zetland (an alternative name for Shetland).

In the 2014 Scottish independence referendum, 65.4% of the constituency's electors voted for Scotland to stay part of the United Kingdom.
Immortal Clay
"Immortal Clay" is the sixteenth episode of the second series of the 1960s cult British spy-fi television series The Avengers, starring Patrick Macnee and Honor Blackman. It was first broadcast in the Teledu Cymru region of the ITV network on Friday 11 January 1963. ABC Weekend TV, who produced the show for ITV, broadcast it the next day in its own regions. The episode was directed by Richmond Harding and written by James Mitchell.

Spy-fi (subgenre)
Spy-fi is a subgenre of spy fiction that includes elements of science fiction, and is often associated with the Cold War. Features of spy-fi include the effects of technology on the espionage trade and the technological gadgets used by the characters, even though the technologies and gadgets portrayed are well beyond contemporary scientific reality.
Involuntary (film)
Involuntary (Swedish: De ofrivilliga) is a 2008 Swedish drama film directed by Ruben Östlund, and written by Östlund and Erik Hemmendorff. It is described as "a tragic comedy or comic tragedy", and features five parallel stories with human group behaviour as the common theme. The film is notable for its long takes with no cuts within the scenes. This is related to Östlund's background as a skiing film director, where a cut would only indicate failure. The longest scene lasts for seven minutes.

The film received mainly positive reviews. It has won several awards at international film festivals and was nominated for five Swedish Guldbagge Awards including Best Film, but didn't win in any category. The film was also selected as Sweden's submission for Best Foreign Language Film at the 82nd Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.

Guldbagge Awards
The Guldbagge Awards (Swedish: Guldbaggen, lit. 'the golden scarab') is an official film awards ceremony in Sweden. Presented annually by Swedish Film Institute, the awards honors excellence in cinematic achievements in the Swedish film industry. It is described as the most prestigious in Sweden and the Swedish equivalent of the Academy Awards. Winners are awarded a statuette depicting a rose chafer, hence the name.

The first awards was presented in 1964 at Grand Hôtel in Stockholm. The awards was first televised in 1981 on SVT2, and has since then been broadcast, almost every year, on national channels SVT1, SVT2, or TV4.