hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Camerlenghi di Comun
The Camerlenghi di Comun were senior fiscal officials of the Republic of Venice.

Although they are first attested in 1236, they are likely much older in origin. Originally two, they were increased to three in 1527.

Their role was as the treasurers and cashiers of the Republic: apart from those magistrates to whom specific funds were assigned, all public expenses and revenue were handled by the Camerlenghi di Comun. They were further tasked with imposing fines on debtors to the state, and proposing cost-saving measures. They were allowed to dispose of sums up to ten gold ducats. Their main residence was in the Zecca of Venice, but they also had proper offices in the Rialto, in the Palazzo dei Camerlenghi.

Initially they reported to the Doge of Venice and the Minor Council, but in 1471 they were subordinated to the board of the Savi del Consiglio.

Zecca of Venice
The Zecca (English: Mint) is a sixteenth-century building in Venice, Italy which once housed the mint of the Republic of Venice. Built between 1536 and 1548, the heavily rusticated stone structure, originally with only two floors, was designed by Jacopo Sansovino in place of an earlier mint specifically to ensure safety from fire and to provide adequate security for the silver and gold deposits. Giorgio Vasari considered it the finest, richest, and strongest of Sansovino's buildings ("...bellissimo, ricchissimo, e fortissimo edificio de' suoi è la Zecca di Venezia...").

Coin production continued after the fall of the Republic of Venice in 1797 but ceased in 1852 during the second period of Austrian domination (1814–1866). The building was subsequently adapted and served as the seat for the Chamber of Commerce from 1872 until 1900. Since 1904, it has housed the main part of the Marciana Library whose historical building, next door, is now largely a museum.
Tiwi, Oman
22°49′15″N 59°15′34″E﻿ / ﻿22.82083°N 59.25944°E﻿ / 22.82083; 59.25944

Ṭīwī (Arabic: طيوي) is a town in Oman. It is known for an archaeological site in the area known as al-Jurayf, in Ṣūr Wilayat Sharqiyah. The town and the site are located between Wadi Shab and Wadi Tiwi on the Gulf of Oman.

Ash Sharqiyah Region (Oman)
Ash-Sharqiyyah Region (Arabic: ٱلْمِنْطَقَة ٱلشَّرْقِيَّة, romanized: Al-Minṭaqah Ash-Sharqiyyah, lit. 'The Eastern Region') was the eastern minṭaqah (region) of the Sultanate of Oman. The capital of Ash-Sharqiyyah was Sur. On 28 October 2011 Ash Sharqiyah Region was split into Ash Sharqiyah North Governorate and Ash Sharqiyah South Governorate.

Ash Sharqiyah Region consisted of eleven provinces (Wilāyāt): Sur, Ibra, Al-Mudhaibi, Al-Kamil Wal-Wafi, Jalan Bani Bu Hassan, Jalan Bani Bu Ali, Wadi Bani Khalid, Dema Wa Thaieen, Bidiya, Al-Qabil, and Massirah. The main cities are Sur and Ibra.
Gary Scherer
Gary Scherer is a Republican member of the Ohio House of Representatives for the 92nd district, which includes Fayette County, as well as portions of Pickaway and Ross counties. He was appointed in April 2012 to replace Bob Peterson, who was appointed to the Ohio Senate.

Scherer has a degree in accounting from Ohio State University, and worked as an accountant and businessman before becoming a Representative. He is married with three children.

Scherer was term-limited following his fourth term, which concludes in 2020. He served as the Vice Chair of the Ways and Means Committee and was a member of the Finance Committee during his terms. He ran for Commissioner of Pickaway County, Ohio in 2020, defeated his primary opponent, and will advance to the general election unopposed.

Pickaway County, Ohio
Pickaway County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,539. Its county seat is Circleville. Its name derives from the Pekowi band of Shawnee Indians, who inhabited the area. (See List of Ohio county name etymologies.)

Pickaway County is part of the Columbus, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Trilobozoa
Trilobozoa, from Ancient Greek τρεῖς (treîs), meaning "three", λοβός (lobós), meaning "lobe", and ζῷον (zôion), meaning "animal", is a phylum of extinct, sessile animals that were originally classified into the Cnidaria. The basic body plan of trilobozoans is often a triradial or radial sphere-shaped form with lobes radiating from its centre.
Fossils of trilobozoans are restricted to marine strata of the Late Ediacaran period.

Mikhail Fedonkin
Academician Mikhail Aleksandrovich Fedonkin (Russian: Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович Федо́нкин; born June 19, 1946) is a Russian paleontologist specializing in documentation of the earliest animals' body fossils, tracks, and trails. He has also described numerous Vendian-aged fossils including Hiemalora, Cephalonega, and Nimbia occlusa.
Shelton, North Bedfordshire
Shelton is a village in the civil parish of Dean and Shelton, in the Bedford borough of Bedfordshire, England. It is close to the county boundary with Northamptonshire and the district of Huntingdonshire in Cambridgeshire.

The 14th century Church of St Mary the Virgin is located in the village. It is a grade I listed building.

Shelton was an ancient parish in the Stodden hundred of Bedfordshire. In 1931 the parish was merged with the neighbouring parish of Dean to form a new parish called Dean and Shelton. At the 1931 census (the last before the abolition of the parish), Shelton had a population of 101.

Huntingdonshire
Huntingdonshire (/ˈhʌntɪŋdənʃər, -ʃɪər/; abbreviated Hunts) is a local government district in Cambridgeshire, England. 
The district had a population of 180,800 at the 2021 census, and has an area of 354.3 square miles (918 km2). The largest towns are St Neots (33,410), Huntingdon (25,428), and St Ives (16,815). The district council is based in Huntingdon.

Historically a county in its own right, Huntingdonshire's boundaries were established in the Anglo-Saxon era. Huntingdonshire became an administrative county in 1889. In 1965, it was merged with the Soke of Peterborough to form Huntingdon and Peterborough, which was in turn merged with Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely in 1974 to form Cambridgeshire, of which Huntingdonshire is now a district.
Todd Blackadder
Todd Blackadder (born 20 September 1971) is a retired New Zealand rugby union player and professional rugby coach. He played 12 tests (25 games) for the All Blacks, and had 14 appearances as captain. Blackadder captained the Crusaders to three Super Rugby titles during his time with the franchise. He also won two National Provincial Championship titles with Canterbury. Blackadder coached the Crusaders for nine seasons from 2009 to 2016.

Blackadder began his career as a blindside flanker but switched to lock in 1998.

Marlborough Rugby Union
Marlborough Rugby Union was a New Zealand rugby union team that played from 1888 until 2005 when they merged with the neighbouring Nelson Bays Rugby Union to become the Tasman Rugby Union.

Marlborough was founded in 1888 and played at Lansdowne Park in Blenheim.
Ferrari F2003-GA
The Ferrari F2003-GA was a highly successful car used by Scuderia Ferrari in the 2003 Formula One World Championship. The chassis was designed by Rory Byrne, Ignazio Lunetta, Aldo Costa, Marco Fainello, Nikolas Tombazis and James Allison with Ross Brawn playing a vital role in leading the production of the car as the team's Technical Director and Paolo Martinelli assisted by Giles Simon (engine design and development) and Pino D'Agostino (engine operations). Its development was based on the previous Ferrari F2002, but featured new bulbous sidepods and a lengthened wheelbase to aid aerodynamics. The engine and gearbox were developed versions of the previous model.

The car was designated "GA" as a mark of respect to Gianni Agnelli, the recently deceased head of Fiat.

Aldo Costa
Aldo Costa (born 5 June 1961) is an Italian engineer and the Chief Technical Officer at Dallara. With 14 constructors' championships and 12 drivers' titles working for Ferrari and Mercedes, Costa is one of the most successful engineers and designers in F1 history.
Maple Grove, Nova Scotia
Maple Grove is an unincorporated community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in East Hants Municipality in Hants County. The community was named for a prominent stand of maple trees in the area.

On February 8th, 1813, Alexander Patterson received a land grant of 500 acres in Maple Grove along with James Dennison who received 250 acres. A school was built in Maple Grove in 1936.

Municipality of the District of East Hants
East Hants, officially named the Municipality of the District of East Hants, is a district municipality in Hants County, Nova Scotia, Canada. Statistics Canada classifies the district municipality as a municipal district.

With its administrative seat in Elmsdale, the district municipality occupies the eastern half of Hants County from the Minas Basin to the boundary with Halifax County, sharing this boundary with the West Hants Regional Municipality. It was made in 1861 from the former townships of Uniacke, Rawdon, Douglas, Walton, Shubenacadie and Maitland. Its most settled area is in the Shubenacadie Valley.
So Fine (Johnny Otis song)
"So Fine" is a song written by Johnny Otis and performed by The Fiestas.  It reached No. 3 on the U.S. R&B chart and No. 11 on the U.S. pop chart in 1959.

Jim Gribble is credited as the writer; however, Johnny Otis filed a lawsuit claiming the copyright. The song had been recorded in 1955 by The Sheiks, a group that included Jesse Belvin. Otis' side won the case.

The song was ranked No. 69 on Billboard's Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1959.

Joe South
Joe South (born Joseph Alfred Souter; February 28, 1940 – September 5, 2012) was an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer. Best known for his songwriting, South won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year in 1970 for "Games People Play" and was again nominated for the award in 1972 for "Rose Garden".
Le Boulevard (Paris)
Le Boulevard was a weekly magazine published in Paris from 1861 to 1863.

It was founded and directed by Étienne Carjat and its first issue came out on December 1, 1861. Each issue included a Parisian column, a serialized story, and musical and gossip columns. It was printed on 8 large folio pages, 43–49 cm high, illustrated with two portraits. The editor was Alphonse de Launay.

Among the contributors to Le Boulevard were Charles Baudelaire, Gustave Flaubert, Victor Hugo, Champfleury, Jules Verne, Léon Cladel, and Honoré Daumier. The magazine dared to be critical of the government, notably publishing extracts from Hugo's Les Misérables in 1862.

The last issue was published on June 14, 1863. The end of the magazine was also financially disastrous for Carjat.

Gustave Flaubert
Gustave Flaubert (UK: /ˈfloʊbɛər/ FLOH-bair, US: /floʊˈbɛər/ floh-BAIR; French: [ɡystav flobɛʁ]; 12 December 1821 – 8 May 1880) was a French novelist. He has been considered the leading exponent of literary realism in his country and abroad. According to the literary theorist Kornelije Kvas, "in Flaubert, realism strives for formal perfection, so the presentation of reality tends to be neutral, emphasizing the values and importance of style as an objective method of presenting reality". He is known especially for his debut novel Madame Bovary (1857), his Correspondence, and his scrupulous devotion to his style and aesthetics. The celebrated short story writer Guy de Maupassant was a protégé of Flaubert.
Daniel P. Franklin
Daniel Paul Franklin (born 1954) is an American political scientist and Associate Professor of political science at Georgia State University in Atlanta, Georgia.

Franklin was born in Mount Vernon, New York and grew up in Austin, Texas.  He received a BA in political science in 1976 from  the University of California, Los Angeles. He obtained an MA and a PhD from the University of Texas, Austin in the years 1981 and 1984, respectively. He taught at Colgate University from 1985 to 1990, and was an APSA Congressional Fellow from 1990 to 1991. He then obtained his present position at Georgia State.

Colgate University
Colgate University is a private college in Hamilton, New York, United States. A liberal arts college, it was founded in 1819 as the Baptist Education Society of the State of New York and operated under that name until 1823, when it was renamed Hamilton Theological and Literary Institution, often called Hamilton College (1823–1846), then Madison College (1846–1890), and its present name since 1890.

Colgate enrolls approximately 3,200 students in 56 undergraduate majors that culminate in a Bachelor of Arts degree. The student body is 54% female and 46% male. Students participate in over 200 clubs and organizations. While Colgate offers an almost entirely undergraduate program, it also has a small graduate program leading to the Master of Arts in Teaching. The college competes in NCAA Division I sports and is part of the Patriot League athletic conference and ECAC Hockey.
Arnold Schütz
Arnold 'Pico' Schütz (19 January 1935 – 14 April 2015) was a German footballer who played as a midfielder or defender. He spent nine seasons in the Bundesliga (253 appearances, 69 goals) with Werder Bremen, winning the championship in the 1964–65 season, having already played for the club for eight years in the Oberliga Nord under the previous regionalised system.

Oberliga Nord (1947–1963)
The Oberliga Nord (English: Premier league North) was the highest level of the German football league system in the north of Germany from 1947 until the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963. It covered the states of Lower Saxony, Bremen, Hamburg, and Schleswig-Holstein.
ZPG
ZPG may stand for:

Zero population growth, a condition of demographic balance where population remains constant over time

Zero Population Growth, the former name of the organisation Population Connection

zpg, the ISO 639-3 code for the Guevea De Humboldt Zapotec language

Z.P.G., a 1972 science fiction film

ZPG-3W, a non-rigid airship built by the Goodyear Aircraft Company

ZPG plc, a property business

Z.P.G.
Z.P.G. (short for "Zero Population Growth") is a 1972 British-American dystopian science fiction film directed by Michael Campus and starring Oliver Reed and Geraldine Chaplin. It was inspired by the best-selling 1968 non-fiction book The Population Bomb, by Paul R. Ehrlich. The film concerns an overpopulated future Earth whose world government executes those who violate a 30-year ban on having children. Filmed in Denmark, the film is almost entirely set-bound featuring art direction designed to reflect a bleak, oppressive future.
Richard Herz
Richard Herz (21 July 1867 – 18 November 1936) was a German chemist. He discovered the Herz reaction.

He studied chemistry at the University of Heidelberg, at the Technische Hochschule in Berlin (now Technische Universität Berlin) and at the University of Berlin, and earned his PhD in 1891. From 1892 he was employed by the Leonhardt und Co. Works in Mühlheim am Main and in 1895 he joined a British firm, Levinstein, in Manchester. He was recruited by Cassella in 1899, and played a key role in the company's development of sulfur dyes. He received power of procuration in 1918 and became deputy director in 1925. He retired in 1931.

Cassella
Cassella AG, formerly Leopold Cassella & Co. and Cassella Farbwerke Mainkur AG, commonly known as Cassella, was a German chemical and pharmaceutical company with headquarters in Frankfurt am Main. Founded in 1798, in the Frankfurt Jewish Alley by Leopold Cassella, Cassella operated as an independent company until 1995, and was one of many predecessor companies of today's Sanofi. Its main products were dyes, drugs, cosmetics and various other chemical products. From 1949, Cassella focused increasingly on pharmaceuticals and cosmetics rather than its former primary focus, dyes. Much of its history is closely associated with the Gans family, a prominent family of industrialists and philanthropists and former owners of Cassella.
Croquet at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Singles, one ball
The 1900 Olympic Croquet one-ball singles tournament was held over three rounds on 28 June 1900. Nine athletes from France competed. The event was won by Gaston Aumoitte, with Georges Johin taking second and Chrétien Waydelich third.

Georges Johin
Georges Édouard Johin (31 July 1877 in Paris – 6 December 1955 in Tessancourt-sur-Aubette) was a French croquet player and Olympic champion. He received a silver medal in Singles, one ball at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris.

He also received a gold medal in Doubles (with Gaston Aumoitte), as the only participants in that competition.
We Bring the Noise!
We Bring the Noise! is the eighth studio album by German hard dance group Scooter, released on 11 June 2001 by Sheffield Tunes in Germany. Two singles were released from the album: "Posse (I Need You on the Floor)" on 21 May 2001, and a remix of "I Shot the DJ" entitled "Aiii Shot the DJ" on 13 August 2001. It is the last studio album featuring Axel Coon, who left the band in 2002 to pursue a solo career in DJing.

Sheffield Tunes
Sheffield Tunes is a German record label, and a sublabel of Kontor Records, formed in 2000 by H.P. Baxxter, Rick J. Jordan and Jens Thele. The first album released by Sheffield Tunes was Sheffield (released on 26 June 2000), and the first single was "I'm Your Pusher", by Scooter. Sheffield Tunes also owns the Sheffield Jumpers.
Listed buildings in Cowden
Cowden  is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. It contains one grade I, three grade II* and 47 grade II listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England

.

Sevenoaks District
Sevenoaks is a local government district in west Kent, England. Its council is based in the town of Sevenoaks.

The district was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Sevenoaks Urban District, Sevenoaks Rural District and part of Dartford Rural District.
Bronte International University
Bronte International University (formerly known as Trinity College and University) is an unaccredited post-secondary educational institution formerly in South Dakota. It is widely considered to be a diploma mill, operated from an unknown location. Its website offers "fast" degrees for "life experience."

The Trinity College and University that was based in South Dakota and later became Bronte International University is currently based in Tortola, the British Virgin Islands, and is registered as a corporation with the United Kingdom.

Tortola
Tortola (/tɔːrˈtoʊlə/) is the largest and most populated island of the British Virgin Islands, a group of islands that form part of the archipelago of the Virgin Islands. It has a surface area of 55.7 square kilometres (21.5 square miles) with a total population of 23,908, with 9,400 residents in Road Town. Mount Sage is its highest point at 530 metres (1,740 feet) above sea level.

Although the British Virgin Islands (BVI) are under the British flag, it uses the U.S. dollar as its official currency due to its proximity to and frequent trade with the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. The island is home to many offshore companies that do business worldwide. Financial services are a major part of the country's economy.

On 6 September 2017, the British Virgin Islands were extensively damaged by Hurricane Irma. The most severe destruction was on Tortola. News reports over the next day or two described the situation as "devastation".
Antibe Therapeutics
Antibe Therapeutics was a Toronto-based pharmaceutical company that develops pain and inflammation-reducing drugs based on gaseous mediator technology.  Antibe was founded by John L. Wallace, also a co-founder of NicOx, the first company to develop drugs utilizing gaseous mediators. Founded in 2009, the company listed on the TSX Venture Exchange in 2013 and was moved to the Toronto Stock Exchange in November 2020. In 2015, Antibe acquired Citagenix, a distributor involved in regenerative medicine.

On June 1, 2020, the company announced positive results in the final Phase 2 trial of its first drug Otenaproxesul.

On March 29, 2021, the drug's Investigational New Drug application was cleared by the US Food and Drug Administration, allowing for human trials.

In May 2024 the company went bankrupt and its stock was delisted from the Toronto Stock Exchange.

Investigational New Drug
The United States Food and Drug Administration's Investigational New Drug (IND) program is the means by which a pharmaceutical company obtains permission to start human clinical trials and to ship an experimental drug across state lines (usually to clinical investigators) before a marketing application for the drug has been approved. Regulations are primarily at 21 CFR 312. Similar procedures are followed in the European Union, Japan, and Canada due to regulatory harmonization efforts by the International Council for Harmonisation.
Czyżyki
Czyżyki [t͡ʂɨˈʐɨki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Hajnówka, within Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus.

According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 299 people, among whom 1 were Roman Catholic, 277 Orthodox, 11 Evangelical and 10 Mosaic. At the same time, 278 inhabitants declared Belarusian nationality, 11 German and 10 Jewish. There were 74 residential buildings in the village.

Hajnówka County
Hajnówka County (Polish: powiat hajnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Hajnówka, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) south-east of the regional capital Białystok. The only other town in the county is Kleszczele, lying 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Hajnówka.

The county covers an area of 1,623.65 square kilometres (626.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 42,851, out of which the population of Hajnówka is 20,580, that of Kleszczele is 1,250, and the rural population is 21,021.
Saarrah Adu-Gyamfi
Saarrah Adu Gyamfi was a Ghanaian politician. He was the member of parliament for the Jaman constituency. Prior to entering parliament, he was the spraying superintendent for the Ministry of Agriculture in Sunyani.

Jaman District
Jaman District is a former district that was located in Brong-Ahafo Region (now currently in Bono Region), Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly on 10 March 1989 when it was known as Jaman District, which was created from the former Berekum-Jaman District Council. However on 12 November 2003 (effectively 17 February 2004), it was split off into two new districts: Jaman South District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 1 November 2017 (effectively 15 March 2018); capital: Drobo) and Jaman North District (capital: Sampa). The district assembly was located in the western part of Brong-Ahafo Region (now western part of Bono Region) and had Berekum as its capital town.
Daniel Souček
Daniel Souček (born 18 July 1998) is a Czech professional footballer who plays as a defender for Jablonec.

He made his league debut in Táborsko's Czech National Football League 1–1 draw at FC Hradec Králové on 28 July 2017. He played for the Czech Republic under-20 national team in the 2017–18 Under 20 Elite League.

FC Hradec Králové
FC Hradec Králové is a Czech professional football club based in the city of Hradec Králové. The club, which was founded in 1905, won the Czechoslovak First League in the 1959–60 season. Since 2021, the club has played in the Czech First League.

Following their domestic success, Hradec played in the 1960–61 European Cup and was eliminated by Barcelona in the quarter-finals, Barcelona eventually becoming runners-up. In 1995 Hradec won the Czech Cup and subsequently played in the Cup Winners' Cup, where it was eliminated in the round of 16 by Dynamo Moscow. In the 2002–03 season they were relegated to the Second Division. They returned to the top flight in 2009–10 only to be relegated once more in 2012–13; however they would place second in the 2. Liga signifying a return to the top division for the 2014–15 season.