hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transportation and travel during the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Travel in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, despite the poor condition of roads and bridges, was frequent. Foreigners, clergy, burghers, and peasants traveled, but most often it was representatives of the nobility who embarked on journeys. They traveled to visit relatives and acquaintances, attend court trials, as well as to attend local assemblies and events. Particularly grand were the processions of the magnates, often consisting of dozens of wagons and hundreds of horses. Due to the quality of land routes, river transport of goods and people played a significant role in mass transportation. Poles also traveled across Europe for educational, sightseeing, or diplomatic purposes. However, from the mid-17th century, xenophobia and ignorance among Polish travelers began to emerge, with them often considering visited countries inferior to the Commonwealth and their inhabitants as "commoners".

Ignacy Krasicki
Ignacy Błażej Franciszek Krasicki (3 February 1735 – 14 March 1801), from 1766 Prince-Bishop of Warmia and from 1795 Archbishop of Gniezno (thus, Primate of Poland), was Poland's leading Enlightenment poet ("the Prince of Poets"), a critic of the clergy, Poland's La Fontaine, author of the first Polish novel, playwright, journalist, encyclopedist, and translator from French and Greek.

His most notable literary works were his Fables and Parables (1779), Satires (1779), and poetic letters and religious lyrics, in which the artistry of his poetic language reached its summit.
Chip and Dale Towers
Chip and Dale Towers are two 300-foot (91-meter) tall sandstone towers located in the Island in the Sky District of Canyonlands National Park, in San Juan County, Utah. Dale Tower rises to an elevation of 5,620 feet (1,710 meters), whereas the lower Chip Tower is 5,420-feet. Airport Tower is set 2.5 mi (4.0 km) to the southwest, and Dead Horse Point State Park overlook is situated 4.5 mi (7.2 km) to the north-northeast. Chip and Dale Towers are an eroded fin composed of hard, fine-grained Wingate Sandstone, which is the remains of wind-borne sand dunes deposited approximately 200 million years ago in the Late Triassic. This Wingate Sandstone overlays a softer layer of the Chinle Formation. Access to the towers is via the four-wheel drive White Rim Road, and a scramble to reach the base. The top of the towers rise over 1,000 feet above the road in approximately one-half mile. Precipitation runoff from Chip and Dale Towers drains east to the nearby Colorado River.

Dead Horse Point State Park
Dead Horse Point State Park is a state park in San Juan County, Utah in the United States, featuring a dramatic overlook of the Colorado River and Canyonlands National Park. The park opened to the public in 1959 and covers 5,362 acres (2,170 ha) of high desert at an altitude of 5,900 feet (1,800 m).
Stefano Montaldo
Stefano Montaldo is an Italian mathematician and professor working at the University of Cagliari in the fields of differential geometry, global analysis, and biharmonic maps.

Montaldo earned his Ph.D. from the University of Leeds in 1996, under the supervision of John C. Wood.

Global analysis
In mathematics, global analysis, also called analysis on manifolds, is the study of the global and topological properties of differential equations on manifolds and vector bundles.  Global analysis uses techniques in infinite-dimensional manifold theory and topological spaces of mappings to classify behaviors of differential equations, particularly nonlinear differential equations. These spaces can include singularities and hence catastrophe theory is a part of global analysis. Optimization problems, such as finding geodesics on Riemannian manifolds, can be solved using differential equations, so that the calculus of variations overlaps with global analysis. Global analysis finds application in physics in the study of dynamical systems and topological quantum field theory.
Australosomus
Australosomus (meaning "southern body") is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Greenland, Kenya, Tanzania, Madagascar, South Africa and Canada (British Columbia).

The type species, Australosomus merlei from Madagascar, was first described as Pristisomus merlei by Ferdinand Priem. A new genus, Australosomus, was later erected for this species by Jean Piveteau.

Australosomus is one of many genera to arise after the Permian-Triassic extinction event, only to die out during the Early Triassic, possibly during a subsequent extinction event.

Most species were marine, except for the African species, which were found in freshwater deposits.

The genus name Australosomus ("southern body") is inaccurate, as Australosomus is known as far north as Canada and Greenland, although the first known remains were described from Madagascar.

Deposition (geology)
Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or landmass. Wind, ice, water, and gravity transport previously weathered surface material, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment.

This occurs when the forces responsible for sediment transportation are no longer sufficient to overcome the forces of gravity and friction, creating a resistance to motion; this is known as the null point hypothesis. Deposition can also refer to the buildup of sediment from organically derived matter or chemical processes. For example, chalk is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate skeletons of marine plankton, the deposition of which induced chemical processes (diagenesis) to deposit further calcium carbonate. Similarly, the formation of coal begins with the deposition of organic material, mainly from plants, in anaerobic conditions.
Panathur – Karike belt
Panathur – Karike belt is on the border of Kasargod district of Kerala & Coorg and Dakshina Kannada districts in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is 44 km east of Kanhangad, 30 km from Bhagamandala in Kodagu and 22 km from Sullia in Dakshina Kannada. Kerala and Karnataka are separated by the Manjanadukkam Puzha River. In Panathur, people speak Malayalam and in Karike Kannada (mainly Are Bhashe). Marathi, Tulu, Konkani and Harijan Bashe are also spoken here. The area produces rubber, arecanut, coconut, pepper and other agricultural products. The land is surrounded by Coorg forests and Kerala Plantation Corporation which runs over 2,200 hectares (5,400 acres).

The main roads are Kanhangad-Panathur, Karike to Bhagamandala (through the dense Coorg forest) and another connects Panathur & Karike to Sullia through KPC and Kallapally. The three districts join in Kammadi. A community called Kudiyanmaar also lives here, speaking a mix of Tulu, Kannada and ancient Malayalam.

Arebhashe dialect
Arebhashe (Kannada: ಅರೆಭಾಷೆ, romanized: Arebhāṣe, IPA: [ɐrebʰaːʂe]), or Aregannada or Gowda Kannada, is a dialect of Kannada mainly by Gowda communities in the regions of Madikeri, Somwarpet, and Kushalnagar taluks of Kodagu district, Coorg, Sullia and Puttur taluks of Dakshina Kannada district, as well as Bandadka, Kasaragod District in the Indian state of Kerala. The language was recognized by the Karnataka State government and formed an academy in 2011 to preserve the culture and literature of the Arebhahse Region which is named as Karnataka Arebhashe Samskruthi mathu Sahitya Academy supported by then Chief Minister D. V. Sadananda Gowda.
TT127
The Theban Tomb TT127 is located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor.

The tomb belongs to an 18th Dynasty ancient Egyptian named Sememiah, who was a royal scribe and overseer of the treasuries during the reigns of Hatshepsut and Thutmosis III. It was later usurped and extended by Piay and Pairy, during the Ramesside period.

Overseer of the treasuries
The overseer of the treasuries (alternative translation: overseer of the two treasuries; imy-r prwy ḥḏ) was a title and important role in the ancient Egyptian court of the Old and New Kingdom. The title is also attested in the Late Period.

The title is first attested in the Fourth Dynasty. The title fell out of use in the Middle Kingdom but reappeared by the New Kingdom, and it became one of the more important roles in the affairs of the royal court. The treasury was the place in the royal palace where precious materials were stored, such as metal objects, but also linen. Therefore, the overseer of the treasuries was responsible for administrating the resources of the country.

The writing of the title varies between ""overseer of the treasury" (imy-r pr ḥḏ) and "overseer of the two treasuries" (imy-r prwy ḥḏ). It is not always clear whether this relates to different functions.
Bob Quinn Lake
Bob Quinn Lake is an unincorporated community  in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. Previously owned and operated by the Mitchell family who sold and moved to Carstairs. It is located along the Stewart-Cassiar Highway (Highway 37) along Bob Quinn Lake, about 292 kilometres (181 mi) north of Kitwanga and 192 kilometres (119 mi) south of Dease Lake. Both the locality and the lake are named after Robert Quinn, an area old timer and one-time lineman on the Yukon Telegraph Line.

Carstairs
Carstairs (/kɑːrˈstɛərz/, Scottish Gaelic: Caisteal Tarrais) is a village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, located 5 miles (8 kilometres) east of the county town of Lanark. The West Coast Main Line provides service to Carstairs railway station, which is served by the Caledonian Sleeper, ScotRail and TransPennine Express services. Carstairs is best known as the location of the State Hospital. Carstairs is applied to the places Carstairs Village and the village of Carstairs Junction where the railway station is situated. The two places are two completely different villages divided by 1 mile (1.5 kilometres) of land, a parkland area (Monteith Park) and the railway line.

Carstairs Village has massively expanded since 2007 with the building of Millwood Estate.
Kettle (surname)
Kettle is a surname. Notable people bearing the name include:

Tilly Kettle (1735–1786), English painter

Rupert Alfred Kettle (1817–1894), British judge

Charles Kettle (1821–1862), New Zealand surveyor

Andrew Kettle (1833–1916), Irish politician

Frederick Kettle (1875–1951), English football player

Tom Kettle (1880–1916), Irish writer and politician

Rupert Kettle (cricketer) (1915–1985), English cricketer for Assam

Digger Kettle (1922–1999), British football player

Michael Kettle (born 1944), English cricketer

Martin Kettle (born 1949), British journalist

Brian Kettle (born 1956), English football player

Alice Kettle (born 1961), English textile artist

Stephen Kettle (born 1966), British sculptor

D. L. Lang (née Diana Kettle, born 1983), American poet

Nicholas D. Kettle (born 1990), American politician

Rupert Kettle (cricketer)
Rupert Francis Kettle (16 February 1915 – 11 December 1985) was an English cricketer who played three matches of first-class cricket in India between 1944 and 1951. He was the first captain and the first century-maker for Assam.
Reuben Mtolo Phiri
Reuben Mtolo Phiri is a Zambian politician. He is the current Minister of Agriculture of Zambia and the member of parliament for Chipata Central. He is a member of the United Party for National Development (UPND). He was born on 11 November 1964.

Ministry of Agriculture (Zambia)
The Ministry of Agriculture is a government ministry in Zambia. It is headed by the Minister of Agriculture and is mandated to design, implement and manage the government's activities in the agricultural sector.

The ministry managed agricultural, fisheries and livestock activities until 2015, when the departments of fisheries and livestock were merged to form the Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock.
Clauss Cutlery Company
Clauss Cutlery is a cutlery brand owned by the Acme United Corporation since 2004. It was founded as Elyria Shear Works in 1877 by John and Henrie Clauss in Elyria, Ohio. At one time the company was the largest manufacturer of scissors and shears in the world.

Elyria, Ohio
Elyria (/əˈlɪəriə/ ə-LEER-ee-ə) is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The city is at the forks of the Black River in Northeast Ohio. The population was 52,656 at the 2020 census. Located 23 miles (37 km) southwest of Cleveland, it is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area and home to Lorain County Community College.
Live at Montreux 1986
Live at Montreux 1986 is a concert video release by the English band Talk Talk of a concert at 1986 Montreux Jazz Festival. The show was part of a tour that started in April 1986 to promote the band's recent album The Colour of Spring, and was to be their only appearance at Montreux, from their last tour. The video captures Talk Talk at the peak of their career.

For this tour, the usual trio of Mark Hollis (vocals), Paul Webb (bass), and Lee Harris (drums) was augmented by John Turnbull on guitar (who plays a Fender Stratocaster and Telecaster, as well as an electroacoustic guitar), two percussionists and two keyboardists. As often, de facto fourth band member Tim Friese-Greene did not play on stage with the band.

Semi-acoustic guitar
A semi-acoustic guitar, also known as a hollow-body electric guitar, is a type of electric guitar designed to be played with a guitar amplifier featuring a fully or partly hollow body and at least one electromagnetic pickup. First created in the 1930s, they became popular in jazz and blues, where they remain widely used, and the early period of rock & roll, though they were later largely supplanted by solid-body electric guitars in rock.

They differ from an acoustic-electric guitar, which is an acoustic guitar that has been fitted with some means of amplification to increase volume without changing the instrument's tone.
Hijrat Colony
Hijrat Colony (Urdu: ھجرت  کالونی) is one of the neighbourhoods of Lyari Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

There are several ethnic groups in Hijrat Colony including Muhajirs, Sindhis, Punjabis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras, Ismailis and Christians.

Hijrat Colony is the most populated part of Saddar Town, District South Karachi.
It consist of different ethnic groups, like Hazarvi (Hindko speaking), Pashtoons, Muhajirs, Saraiki, Sindhi and Baloch. It is the most peaceful area of Karachi.

Kashmiris
Kashmiri people (Kashmiri pronunciation: [kəːʃirʲ]) are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group speaking the Kashmiri language and originating from the Kashmir Valley region, which is located in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.
Balcılar, Bismil
Balcılar (Kurdish: Seledun; Syriac: Sīldūn) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bismil, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Barava tribe and had a population of 254 in 2022.

Mahallah
A mahalla (Arabic: مَحَلَّة, romanized: maḥalla, also transliterated as mahallah, etc.) is an Arabic word that comes from the root ḥ-l-l (ح ل ل), and originally denoted a place where one makes a halt. It has been variously translated as district, quarter, ward, or neighborhood in many parts of the Arab world, the Balkans, West and Central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and nearby nations. In the Maghreb, it referred to a military formation or campaign for tax collection in the service of the sultan and his makhzen.
Chimur Assembly constituency
Chimur Assembly Constituency is one of the 288 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Maharashtra state, western India. This constituency is located in Chandrapur district. The delimitation of the constituency happened in 2008.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Parliamentary delegation
A parliamentary delegation (or congressional delegation, also CODEL or codel, in the United States) is an official visit abroad by a member or members of a legislature.

To schedule a parliamentary delegation, a member must apply to the relevant committee chair, who will contact the appropriate agency to request funds and support for the trip. Various parliaments and legislatures maintain formal or informal groupings, such as congressional caucuses and all-party parliamentary groups, which maintain regular delegations to and from select countries; the European Parliament also maintains a formal delegation system for regular meetings with national and multinational parliaments.

Parliamentary delegations are formed for purposes of solidarity, negotiations, research, and investigation, but they are sometimes a source of controversy and criticism, when seen as junkets.

All-party parliamentary group
An all-party parliamentary group (APPG) is a technical group in the Parliament of the United Kingdom that is composed of members of parliament from all political parties, but has no official status within Parliament.
Springhill High School, Rochdale
Springhill High School was a co-educational secondary school on Turf Hill Road in Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England. The catchment area consists of the neighbouring areas: Newbold, Kirkholt, Deeplish, Turf Hill and Belfield.

The school closed 31 August 2010 as a result of the Building Schools for the Future program. The school merged with Balderstone Technology College and formed a new school called Kingsway Park High School. The new school is based on the old Spring Hill High School site.

Building Schools for the Future
Building Schools for the Future (BSF) was the name given to the British government's investment programme in secondary school buildings in England in the 2000s. Around half of the work was procured under the private finance initiative. The delivery of the programme was overseen by Partnerships for Schools (PfS), a non-departmental public body formed through a joint venture between the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF), Partnerships UK and private sector partners. The programme was cancelled in 2010.
Rethabile
Rethabile is a populated place in the Emalahleni Local Municipality of the Nkangala District Municipality in the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa. It is adjacent to Vandyksdrif.

As of the 2011 census, Rethabile had 327 households.

Emalahleni Local Municipality, Mpumalanga
Emalahleni Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala wase Malahleni; Afrikaans: Emlahleni Munisipaliteit; Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Emalahleni) is a local municipality within the Nkangala District Municipality, in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. eMalahleni is a Nguni word meaning place of coal.
Medieval Madness
Medieval Madness is a Williams pinball machine released in June 1997. Designed by Brian Eddy and programmed by Lyman Sheats, it had a production run of 4,016 units. As of December 7, 2024, the Pinside pinball community lists it as the 2nd highest-ranked pinball machine (behind the 2021 Godzilla machine by Stern); many adherents consider it the greatest of all time.

Various remake versions were released from 2015 onwards by Chicago Gaming under license from Planetary Pinball who hold the rights for manufacturing Williams pinball machines and parts.

There were hopes at Williams that this would help to resurrect the pinball industry as voiced by Steve Kordek, and the advertising flyer proclaiming "Behold the Renaissance of Pinball".

Attack from Mars
Attack from Mars is a 1995 pinball game designed by Brian Eddy, and released by Midway (under the Bally label). The game uses the DCS sound system.

In this game, the player must fend off an alien invasion from the planet Mars by defending the world's major cities, destroying the invasion fleet, and conquering Mars itself.
Sonia Petrovna
Sonia Petrovna (name also credited as Petrova and Petrowa) (born 13 January 1952) is a French dancer, of Russian descent. She is an actress (film, television and theatre) and theatre director. Petrovna was born in Paris. Between the age of 6 and 14 she studied dance at the Paris Opera Ballet (Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris) and on the initial invitation of Roland Petit went on to appear in various ballet productions. Her most famous early acting roles were those of Vanina Abati in Indian Summer, acting alongside leading French actor Alain Delon, and as Princess Sophie in Ludwig alongside leading actors Helmut Berger, John Moulder Brown and Romy Schneider, both in 1972.

Roland Petit
Roland Petit (13 January 1924 – 10 July 2011) was a French ballet company director, choreographer and dancer. He trained at the Paris Opera Ballet school, and became well known for his creative ballets.
1977 Davis Cup Eastern Zone
The Eastern Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1977 Davis Cup.

12 teams entered the Eastern Zone, with 8 teams competing in the preliminary round to join the previous year's semifinalists in the main draw. India and Indonesia received byes into the quarterfinals, while Australia and New Zealand received byes into the semifinals. The winner of the main draw went on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the Americas Zone and Europe Zone.

Australia defeated New Zealand in the final and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.

India Davis Cup team
The India Davis Cup team represents India in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the All India Tennis Association.

India competed in its first Davis Cup in 1921. India finished as runners-up 3 times (1966, 1974, 1987), the most by any nation from Asia proper. In 1974, the final was scratched and South Africa were awarded the Davis Cup after India refused to participate in the final due to the South African government's apartheid policies. India were strong favorites to win with Vijay Amritraj and Anand Amritraj at their best.

Only Romania and India have contested more than one final without being crowned champion. In the 1974 Eastern Zone Final, India and Australia established a record for the most number of games in a tie, 327.
Super Bowl XXIII halftime show
The Super Bowl XXIII halftime show took place on January 22, 1989 at Joe Robbie Stadium in Miami, Florida. It was entitled "BeBop Bamboozled in 3-D". It featured a 1950s theme, an Elvis impersonator, 3D effects (for the broadcast audience), and a magic trick.

Card manipulation
Card manipulation, commonly known as card magic, is the branch of magic that deals with creating effects using sleight of hand techniques involving playing cards. Card manipulation is often used in magical performances, especially in close-up, parlor, and street magic. Some of the most recognized names in this field include Dai Vernon, Tony Slydini, Ed Marlo, S.W. Erdnase, Richard Turner, John Scarne, Ricky Jay and René Lavand. Before becoming world-famous for his escapes, Houdini billed himself as "The King of Cards".  Among the more well-known card tricks relying on card manipulation are Ambitious Card, and Three-card Monte, a common street hustle also known as Find the Lady.