hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Veronica peduncularis
Veronica peduncularis, the creeping speedwell, is a flowering plant in the plantain family, Plantaginaceae. Listed under its synonym Veronica umbrosa, its cultivar 'Georgia Blue' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

It is a semi-evergreen perennial with alternate, simple leaves on creeping stems. The flowers are blue, and borne in spring. Though hardy, it requires a sheltered spot in full sun with good drainage. It is a suitable subject for a gravel garden or alpine garden.

Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
Surman
Surman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Surman (born 1986), South African-born English footballer

Finn Surman (born 2003), New Zealand professional footballer

Frank Surman, (1865/1866–1925), New Zealand rugby union footballer

Godfrey Surman (1914–1987), English cricketer

John Surman (born 1944), English jazz musician and composer

John Surman Carden (1771–1858), officer of the British Royal Navy in the early nineteenth century

Kate Surman (born 1991), Australian rules footballer playing

Les Surman, English professional footballer

Mark Surman (born 1969), executive director of the Mozilla Foundation

Rebecca Surman, American physicist

Roman Surman (active since 2006), American guitarist

Thomas Surman, professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s

Tonya Surman, Canadian social entrepreneur, CEO of the Centre for Social Innovation

Thomas Surman
John Thomas Surman (second ¼ 1883 – January 1948) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s and 1910s. He played at representative level for England and Yorkshire, and at club level for Bradford FC, Bradford Northern and Hull Kingston Rovers, as a stand-off or scrum-half. Prior to Tuesday 27 August 1895, Bradford F.C. was a rugby union club, it then became a rugby league club, and since 1907 it has been the association football (soccer) club Bradford Park Avenue.
B. J. Cunningham
Bryan Cunningham, Jr. (born May 29, 1989) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) and Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the Michigan State Spartans. He was selected in the sixth round at the 183rd overall pick in the 2012 NFL draft by the Miami Dolphins. He was also a member of the Philadelphia Eagles, Chicago Bears, Montreal Alouettes and Ottawa Redblacks.

Michigan State Spartans football
The Michigan State Spartans football program represents Michigan State University (MSU) in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level. The Spartans are members of the Big Ten Conference. Michigan State claims a total of six national championships, including two (1952, 1965) from the major wire-services: AP Poll and/or Coaches' Poll. The Spartans have also won eleven conference championships, with two in the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association and nine in the Big Ten.

Home games of the Spartans are played at Spartan Stadium, which is located on the main university campus. Spartan Stadium is consistently ranked among the NCAA's top 25 in attendance. The Spartans are currently coached by Pat Fitzgerald.
Medusa (Jhayco, Anuel AA and J Balvin song)
"Medusa"  is a song by Puerto Rican rappers Jhayco and Anuel AA and Colombian singer J Balvin. It was released on February 5, 2020, through Universal Music Latin. The song is inspired by the logo of the Italian luxury fashion company Versace.

Luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a product or item or service  for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. Whereas people consume necessity goods to meet basic survival needs, luxury goods are consumed both for their "intrinsic quality and to signal their wealth and confirm social status." In economics, luxury goods is often used synonymously with superior goods.
Waste Lands Ordinance
The Waste Lands Ordinance No.1 of 1897 also known as the Waste Lands Ordinance was an ordinance by the British Colonial Government of Ceylon to consolidate and reinforce the Crown Lands Ordinance of 1840 that introduced crown lands. The Waste Lands Ordinance defined any land classified as “forest, waste, unoccupied, or uncultivated” as crown land, unless proven otherwise. This provision effectively expropriated communal resources such as village commons and chena fields, leading up to the Kandyan Uprising of 1848. Under the new law, Government Agent and after 1903, officials from the Land Settlement Department were granted authority to adjudicate claims to waste lands.  It was repealed by the Land Settlement Ordinance of 1931.

Matale rebellion
The Matale rebellion, also known as the Rebellion of 1848, took place in Matale city,  Ceylon against the British colonial government under Governor George Byng, 7th Viscount Torrington. It marked a transition from the classic feudal form of anti-colonial revolt to modern independence struggles. It was fundamentally a peasant revolt.
Curculigo ensifolia
Curculigo ensifolia is a plant species in the Hypoxidaceae, endemic to Australia.

Varieties

Curculigo ensifolia var. ensifolia – Queensland, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Western Australia

Curculigo ensifolia var. longifolia Benth. – Northern Territory

Hypoxidaceae
Hypoxidaceae is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots.

The APG IV system of 2016 (unchanged from the 1998, 2003, and 2009 versions) accepts this family. The family consists of five genera, with around 160 species.

The members of the family are small to medium herbs, with grass-like leaves and an invisible stem, modified into a corm or a rhizome.  The flowers are born on leafless shoots, also called scapes.  The flowers are trimerous, radially symmetric.  The ovary is inferior, developing into a capsule or a berry.
Elizabeth Ann Duncan
Elizabeth Ann Duncan (born Hazel Lucille Sinclaira Nigh; April 16, 1904 – August 8, 1962) was an American murderer. She was convicted of orchestrating the murder of her daughter-in-law in 1958. She was the last woman to be executed in California before the United States Supreme Court suspended the death penalty under Furman v. Georgia.

Duncan was convicted of hiring 25-year-old Augustine Baldonado and 20-year-old Luis Moya to murder her daughter-in-law, Olga Duncan, who was seven months pregnant at the time. All three were executed in the gas chamber at San Quentin State Prison on August 8, 1962, the last triple execution in California.

Gas chamber
A gas chamber is an apparatus for killing humans or animals with gas, consisting of a sealed chamber into which a poisonous or asphyxiant gas is introduced. Poisonous agents used include hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide. High concentration carbon dioxide is typically used in gas chambers for animals.
Michael Michaelsen
Michael Jacob Michaelsen (April 11, 1899 in Sundbyerne, Amager, Denmark – August 13, 1970 in Frederiksberg, Denmark) was a Danish boxer who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics.  He was Jewish.

In 1928 he won the bronze medal in the heavyweight class after winning the third-place fight against Sverre Sørsdal.

He participated in the 1927 European Amateur Boxing Championships winning the third place and again in the 1930 European Amateur Boxing Championships where Michaelsen became European champion defeating Sweden's Bertil Molander in the final.

Amager
Amager (Danish pronunciation: [ˈɑˌmɑˀ] or, especially among older speakers, [ˈɑˌmɛˀɐ]), located in the Øresund, is Denmark's most densely populated island, with 225,746 inhabitants (January 2025). Amager is the largest island in the Øresund, and the only one with a large population.

Amager is home to parts of Copenhagen including Freetown Christiania, as well as Copenhagen Airport. The island is connected to the much larger island of Zealand (Sjælland) by eight bridges and a metro tunnel, and to Sweden via the Øresund Bridge.
Terehova, Latvia
Terehova is a village in the Zaļesje Parish of Ludza Municipality in the Latgale region of Latvia.

The Latvia–Russia border between the Republic of Latvia (EU member) and the Russian Federation (CIS member) which is an external border of the European Union has a checkpoint in the municipality of Terehova via road E22 / A12 / M9 near Zilupe. Terehova is connected to Ventspils by the European route E22, one of the best known roads in Latvia and one of the longest European routes.

The village is considered the easternmost municipality of Latvia.

External border of the European Union
The border of the European Union consists of the land borders that member states of the EU share with non-EU states adjacent to the union. The EU shares land borders with 21 countries and 3 dependencies.
Howard's Covered Bridge
Howard's Covered Bridge is a historic covered bridge outside of Smithonia in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 1, 1975. The bridge is located 3 miles southeast of Smithonia on SR S2164. The bridge was built in 1905 in a Town lattice design and is 168 feet (51 m) long. The span travels over Big Clouds Creek. The site is marked by a historical marker posted by the Georgia Historical Society. The bridge was named for the pioneer family that settled in the area in the late 1700s. It was built with convict labor and is fastened with wooden trunnels. The timber used was transported on the Smithonia and Dunlap Railroad, connecting James Monroe Smith's farm with the Georgia Railroad at Dunlap, Georgia.

The site's historical marker is at the southern end of Chandler Silver Road at the intersection with Cloud's Creek Road, 1.3 miles west of the Cloud's Creek Baptist Church marker.

Oglethorpe County, Georgia
Oglethorpe County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,825. The county seat is Lexington.

Oglethorpe County is included in the Athens-Clarke County, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA Combined Statistical Area. It is the largest county in Northeast Georgia.
Tarok Kolache
Tarok Kolache was a small settlement in Kandahar province, Afghanistan.

On October 6, 2010, Lieutenant Colonel David Flynn, commander of the Combined Joint Task Force 1-320th gave the order to drop 49,200 pounds (22,300 kg) of rockets and aerial bombs on the village which resulted in leveling the village completely. Col. Flynn stated that Tarok Kolache was one of three southern Afghanistan villages that the Taliban were using as bomb-making factories.

Task force
A task force (TF) is a unit or formation  established to work on a single defined task or activity. Originally introduced by the United States Navy, the term has now caught on for general usage and is a standard part of NATO terminology.  Many non-military organizations now create "task forces" or task groups for temporary activities that might have once been performed by ad hoc (designated purpose) committees. In non-military contexts, working groups are sometimes called task forces.
All the Things You Are
"All the Things You Are" is a song composed by Jerome Kern with lyrics written by Oscar Hammerstein II. The song was written for the musical Very Warm for May (1939) and was introduced by Hiram Sherman, Frances Mercer, Hollace Shaw, and Ralph Stuart. It appeared in the film Broadway Rhythm (1944) when it was sung by Ginny Simms, and again in the Kern biopic Till the Clouds Roll By (1946), sung by Tony Martin.

Popular recordings of the song in 1939 were by Tommy Dorsey and His Orchestra (vocal by Jack Leonard), Artie Shaw and His Orchestra (vocal by Helen Forrest) and Frankie Masters and His Orchestra (vocal by Harlan Rogers). The song has been recorded by many artists and is considered a jazz standard.

Frankie Masters
Frankie Masters (born Frank E. Masterman; April 12, 1904 – October 28, 1990) was a big band leader. Elected to the American Federation of Musicians, Local 10 in Chicago, on February 13, 1924, Masters's performance career endured through the 1970s.
Élisabeth Duparc
Élisabeth Duparc or Du Parc, nicknamed "La Francesina", (c. 1715 – died July 20, 1778) was a French soprano.

She was notable for appearing in several premieres and performances of the oratorios and operas of Handel - she played the title role, for example, in the premieres of Semele, and sang in the premiere of Serse and Saul.

After training in Italy she sang in Florence (1731, 1734–35) then London (1736 onwards) - at the latter she initially joined the Opera of the Nobility, where she appeared in operas by Riccardo Broschi, Egidio Duni, Giovanni Battista Pescetti and Francesco Maria Veracini.

Egidio Duni
Egidio Romualdo Duni (or Egide Romuald Duny; 11 February 1708 – 11 June 1775) was an Italian composer who studied in Naples and worked in Italy, France and London, writing both Italian and French operas.
Heather Wright
Heather Wright (born 1950) is an English actress, noted for her performances in film and television. Her film credits include Psychomania (1973), The Belstone Fox (1973), Shout at the Devil (1976) and Inseminoid (1981). On television, she has been seen in the following series: Arthur of the Britons, Survivors, Return of the Saint, Blake's 7, The Inheritors, Emmerdale, Holby City, Casualty, The Bill, Midsomer Murders and Broken. Wright is fluent in French, and has also had many acting parts on French TV.

Broken (British TV series)
Broken is a six-part British television drama series, created by Jimmy McGovern, that first broadcast on BBC One on 30 May 2017. The series focuses on Michael Kerrigan (Sean Bean), the priest of a Roman Catholic parish in a northern English city, who despite suffering from his own troubles stemming from a traumatic childhood, tries to guide several of his most vulnerable parishioners through the trials and tribulations of everyday life.

The series was directed by Ashley Pearce and Noreen Kershaw; while Shaun Duggan, Colette Kane and Nick Leather all contributed to McGovern's scripts. The series was released on DVD on 10 July 2017.

Bean won a British Academy Television Award for Best Actor while Friel was nominated for Best Supporting Actress.
Alberta Highway 55
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 55, commonly referred to as Highway 55, is a 263-kilometre (163 mi) long east–west highway in northeast Alberta, Canada.  It extends from the Saskatchewan border in the east through the Cold Lake, Lac La Biche, and Athabasca where it ends at Highway 2.  In Saskatchewan, it continues as Saskatchewan Highway 55.

The entire length of Highway 55 comprises the easternmost segment of Alberta's portion of the Northern Woods and Water Route (NWWR).  West of Athabasca, the Northern Woods and Water Route continues westward along Highway 2 and then Highway 49.

Lac La Biche, Alberta
Lac La Biche (/ˌlæk lə ˈbɪʃ/ LAK lə BISH) is an urban service area in Lac La Biche County within northeastern Alberta, Canada.

It is approximately 220 km (140 mi) northeast of the provincial capital, Edmonton. Previously incorporated as a town, Lac La Biche amalgamated with Lakeland County to form Lac La Biche County on August 1, 2007.  Between 2007 and 2017, it was designated as a hamlet within Lac La Biche County.
Bernard Vogler
Bernard Vogler (30 April 1935 – 2 December 2020) was a French academic and historian. A professor at the University of Strasbourg, he was a specialist in the history of Alsace from the 15th to the 20th centuries.

University of Strasbourg
The University of Strasbourg (French: Université de Strasbourg, Unistra) is a public research university located in Strasbourg, France, with over 52000 students and 3300 researchers. Founded in the 16th century by Johannes Sturm, it was a center of intellectual life during the Age of Enlightenment.

In the 1970s, the old university was reorganized into three distinct institutions, which were consolidated in 2009. The current University of Strasbourg comprises 35 academic faculties, schools, and institutes, as well as 71 research laboratories spread across six campuses, including the historic site in the Neustadt.

Throughout its existence, Unistra alumni, faculty, or researchers have included 18 Nobel laureates, two Fields Medalists and a wide range of notable individuals in their respective fields. Among them are Goethe, statesman Robert Schuman, historian Marc Bloch and several chemists such as Louis Pasteur.
Gualeguaychú Airport
Gualeguaychú Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto de Gualeguaychú) (IATA: GHU, ICAO: SAAG) is an airport serving Gualeguaychú, a city in the Entre Ríos Province of Argentina. The city is 17 kilometres (11 mi) inland from the Uruguay River, which is the border between Argentina and Uruguay. The airport is 6 kilometres (4 mi) west of Gualeguaychú.

The Gualeguaychu VOR-DME (Ident: GUA) is located on the field. It also serves the Paysandú Airport in nearby Paysandú, Uruguay.

Entre Ríos Province
Entre Ríos (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈentɾe ˈri.os], 'Between Rivers') is a central province of Argentina, located in the Mesopotamia region. It borders the provinces of Buenos Aires (south), Corrientes (north) and Santa Fe (west), and Uruguay in the east.

Its capital is Paraná (391,000 inhabitants), which lies on the Paraná River, opposite the city of Santa Fe.

Together with Córdoba and Santa Fe, since 1999, the province is part of the economic-political association known as the Center Region.
2021 New Zealand Grand Prix
The 2021 New Zealand Grand Prix event for open wheel racing cars was held at Hampton Downs Motorsport Park in northern Waikato on 24 January 2021. It was the sixty-sixth New Zealand Grand Prix and fielded Toyota Racing Series cars. The event also served as the third race of the first round of the 2021 Toyota Racing Series. The race was won by Shane van Gisbergen, who started his race from the pit-lane as a result of a fire-extinguisher issue pre-race.

Formula Regional Oceania Trophy
The Formula Regional Oceania Trophy is New Zealand's premier formula racing category. The series includes races for every major trophy in New Zealand circuit racing including the New Zealand Motor Cup and the Denny Hulme Memorial Trophy. The cars are also the category for the New Zealand Grand Prix – one of only two races in the world with FIA approval to use the Grand Prix nomenclature outside Formula One. The series was known as the Toyota Racing Series until 2023.
Baccarat (company)
Baccarat (French: [bakaʁa]) is a French luxury house and manufacturer of fine crystal located in Baccarat, Meurthe-et-Moselle, France. The company owns two museums: the Musée Baccarat in Baccarat, and the Musée Baccarat in Paris on the Place des États-Unis.

Groupe du Louvre was the majority shareholder of the company until 2005. The company was then acquired by Starwood Capital Group, which used the name for a luxury hotel called Baccarat Hotel New York, featuring the company's chandeliers, decorative pieces and glasses.

In 2018, Fortune Fountain Capital, a Beijing-based financial group, acquired an 88.8 per cent stake of the company from Starwood Capital Group and L Catterton. On 23 December 2020, four financing funds based in Hong Kong - Tor Investment Management, Sammasan, Dolphin and Corbin - took control of the capital of Fortune Fountain Limited (FFL), the holding company that held 97% of the shares of Baccarat.

L Catterton
L Catterton is an American multinational private equity firm. Founded in Greenwich, Connecticut in 1989, the fund has made over 250 investments in brands across all segments of the consumer industry. The firm is led by co-CEOs J. Michael Chu and Scott Dahnke. Originally Catterton Partners, the fund merged with Bernard Arnault's family office and LVMH in 2016 to create L Catterton.

In June 2024, L Catterton ranked 39th in Private Equity International's PEI 300 ranking among the world's largest private equity firms.
Henry Edmund Houze
Henry Edmund Houze (August 13, 1880 – March 16, 1959) was a Canadian veterinarian, farmer, rancher and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Gravelbourg from 1944 to 1948 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) member.

He was born in Smiths Falls, Ontario and came west in 1908, settling on a homestead near Meyronne, Saskatchewan. Houze married Mabel Forest. He raised Hereford cattle and a few horses. Houze ran unsuccessfully as a Conservative candidate for the Morse seat in the provincial assembly in 1917. He moved into the town of Meyronne in 1937 but continued to farm until 1947. Houze was defeated by E. M. Culliton when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1948.

Gravelbourg (electoral district)
Gravelbourg is a former provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. This district was created before the 5th Saskatchewan general election in 1921. Redrawn and renamed "Assiniboia-Gravelbourg" in 1975, the riding was dissolved before the 23rd Saskatchewan general election in 1995.

It is now part of the Wood River constituency.
Pappu Kumar Verma
Pappu Kumar Verma is an Indian politician and a member of Janata Dal (United) political party led by Nitish Kumar. He was associated with Rashtriya Lok Morcha of Upendra Kushwaha, but was fielded as a JDU candidate from Kurtha Assembly constituency in 2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly elections. He won the 2025 Legislative Assembly election by defeating Suday Yadav of Rashtriya Janata Dal.

Kurtha Assembly constituency
Kurtha Assembly constituency is an assembly constituency in Arwal district of Bihar. It is the part of Jahanabad (Lok Sabha constituency). In Kurtha constituency, Kushwaha, Yadav and Bhumihar voters are descisive in ensuring victory of a candidate, due to their numerical preponderance. In 1969, the Shoshit Samaj Party leader, Jagdev Prasad, who was also called 'Lenin of Bihar', won from this assembly constituency. Satyadev Kushwaha won twice in 2010 and 2015 from here. In 2020, however, he was defeated by Bagi Kumar Verma of Rashtriya Janata Dal.
Stubø
Stubø is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eirik Stubø (born 1965), Norwegian stage producer and theatre director

Håvard Stubø (born 1977), Norwegian guitarist and composer

Kjersti Stubø (born 1970), Norwegian vocalist

Mathias Stubø (born 1992), Norwegian musician and DJ

Thorgeir Stubø (1943–1986), Norwegian guitarist and composer

Mathias Stubø
Mathias Stubø (born 6 April 1992 in Tønsberg, Norway) is a Norwegian musician and DJ in the genre electronica, also known as Proviant Audio. He is the son of jazz vocalist Kjersti Stubø, grandson of jazz guitarist Thorgeir Stubø and nephew of jazz guitarist Håvard and theater director Eirik Stubø.