hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Dakota's 2nd congressional district
South Dakota's 2nd congressional district is an obsolete district. It was created after the 1910 census and was eliminated as a result of the redistricting cycle after the 1980 census. Members were elected at-large until the formation of individual districts after the 1910 census. From 1913 until 1933, it covered much of northeastern South Dakota, including the cities of Aberdeen, Brookings, Huron, and Watertown. When South Dakota's 3rd congressional district was eliminated after the 1930 census, the 2nd district was relocated to cover all of the counties in South Dakota west of the Missouri River. Population changes eventually moved its boundaries further east. During the 97th Congress, it covered all but the 21 easternmost counties in the state.

Aberdeen, South Dakota
Aberdeen (Lakota: Ablíla) is a city in and the county seat of Brown County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 28,495 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 27,919 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in the state.  Aberdeen is home of Northern State University.
De Put (restaurant)
Restaurant De Put is a defunct restaurant, located in the cellars of the now demolished Strandhotel in Vlissingen, Netherlands. It was a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in both 1964 and 1965. The restaurant closed in 1974, due to dike reinforcement.

Head chef of the restaurant was Willem Vader.

Vlissingen
Vlissingen (Dutch: [ˈvlɪsɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; Zeelandic: Vlissienge) is a municipality and a city in the southwestern Netherlands on the island of Walcheren. With its strategic location between the Scheldt river and the North Sea, Vlissingen has been an important harbour for centuries. It was granted city rights in 1315. In the 17th century the roadstead of Vlissingen was a main harbour for ships of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). It is also known as the birthplace of Lieutenant-Admiral Michiel de Ruyter.

Vlissingen is mainly noted for the yards on the Scheldt where most of the ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy (Koninklijke Marine) are built.
Torquay Boys' Grammar School
Torquay Boys' Grammar School is an 11–18 selective boys grammar school in Torquay, Devon, England. As of May 2023, it had 1,087 students. The school was founded in 1904. It is in Shiphay, south of Torbay Hospital, not far from the A3022 and Torre railway station and next to Torquay Girls' Grammar School.

Ted Wragg
Professor Edward Conrad Wragg (26 June 1938 – 10 November 2005) known as Ted Wragg, was a British educationalist and academic known for his advocacy of the cause of education and opposition to political interference in the field.

He was Professor of Education at the University of Exeter from 1978 to 2003, serving as Emeritus Professor of Education from 2003 till his death, and a regular columnist in the Times Educational Supplement and The Guardian.

In the UK, the Ted Wragg Teaching Award for Lifetime Achievement honours his memory, and is given out annually to educators who are considered to have shown excellent devotion to teaching throughout their careers.
PO postcode area
The PO postcode area, also known as the Portsmouth postcode area, is a group of 34 postcode districts in southern England, within 24 post towns. These cover south-east Hampshire (including Portsmouth, Southsea, Havant, Waterlooville, Lee-on-the-Solent, Gosport, Fareham, Rowland's Castle, Emsworth and Hayling Island), southwestern West Sussex (including Chichester and Bognor Regis) and the Isle of Wight.

Emsworth
Emsworth is a town in the Borough of Havant in the county of Hampshire, on the south coast of England near the border with West Sussex. It lies at the north end of an arm of Chichester Harbour, a large and shallow inlet from the English Channel, and is equidistant between Portsmouth and Chichester.

Emsworth had a population of 10,269 at the 2021 Census. The town has a basin for yachts and fishing boats, which fills at high tide and can be emptied through a sluice at low tide. In geodemographic segmentation the town is the heart of the Emsworth (cross-county) built-up area, the remainder of which is Westbourne, Southbourne and Nutbourne. The area had a combined population of 18,777 in 2011, with a density of 30.5 people per hectare, and shares two railway stations.
George Menard
George Francis Menard (September 2, 1927 – April 18, 1990) was an American ice hockey coach. He was the head coach of St. Lawrence during their renaissance after World War II taking them to five Frozen Fours during his tenure.

NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The annual NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament is a college ice hockey tournament held in the United States by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to determine the top men's team in Division I. Like other Division I championships, it is the highest level of NCAA men's hockey competition. This tournament is somewhat unique among NCAA sports as many schools which otherwise compete in Division II or Division III compete in Division I for hockey.

Since 1999, the semifinals and championship game of the tournament have been branded as the "Frozen Four", a reference to the NCAA's long-time branding of its basketball semi-finals as the "Final Four".
Ōsato District, Saitama
Ōsato (大里郡, Ōsato-gun) is a district located in eastern Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 130,305 and a population density of 629.34 persons per km2. The total area is 207.05 km2.

Kumagaya
Kumagaya (熊谷市, Kumagaya-shi) is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2021, the city had an estimated population of 195,277 in 87,827 households and a population density of 1200 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 159.82 square kilometres (61.71 sq mi).
Late Night Tales: Jon Hopkins
Late Night Tales: Jon Hopkins is a mix album compiled by English producer and musician Jon Hopkins, released on 2 March 2015 as part of the Late Night Tales series. The mix includes tracks from artists such as Darkstar, Teebs, Nils Frahm, Letherette and Four Tet. It also features an exclusive cover version of Yeasayer’s "I Remember".

Yeasayer
Yeasayer (/ˈjeɪseɪ.ər/) was an American experimental rock band from Brooklyn, New York, formed in 2006. The band consisted of Chris Keating, Ira Wolf Tuton, and Anand Wilder. They announced their split on December 19, 2019.
Johann Nikolaus Hanff
Johann Nikolaus Hanff (25 September 1663 – 25 December 1711) was a North German organist and composer. Hanff was born in Wechmar in Thuringia and worked in Eutin, Hamburg and Schleswig.

In 1696 he became organist and conductor to the Bishop of Lübeck. Hanff’s style, with the melody moving slowly but with rich ornamentation above a slow-moving and not very clearly individualized accompaniment, was favored by Buxtehude.

While in Hamburg, Hanff taught harpsichord and composition to the young Johann Mattheson for four years. Mattheson was to become a composer, music theorist and close friend of George Frideric Handel (who almost killed Handel in a duel).

After the death of Bishop August Friedrich and the dissolution of the court in 1705, Hanff probably returned to Hamburg, where in 1706 and 1711 two children were born to him. On 26 August 1711 he took over the organist position at Schleswig Cathedral but died a few months later.

In 1997, the asteroid (7902) Hanff was named after him.

Günthersleben-Wechmar
Günthersleben-Wechmar is a former municipality in the German state (Bundesland) of Thuringia in the district of Gotha. Since July 2018, it is part of the municipality Drei Gleichen. The village of Wechmar is notable for having been the home of the Bach family of musicians and composers.
Schönberg Cave System
The Schönberg cave system in the Dead Mountains is with a currently known length of over 155.018 m the longest cave in Austria. It got its name after the connection of the approximately 33 km long Feuertal-Höhlensystem with the approximately 86 km long Raucherkarhöhle was discovered. The overlying Schönberg-Höhlensystem (2093 m) gave the system its name.

The widely branched cave with 35 entrances is located at Bad Ischl in the border area between Upper Austria and Styria. The area around the Schönberg cave system is researched, measured and mapped by the Landesverein für Höhlenkunde Oberösterreich. The Schönberg cave system is located at place 14 on the list of the longest caves in the world. Within Europe there are longer systems on the territory of Ukraine (Optymistychna Cave), Switzerland (Hölloch, Siebenhengste-Hohgant-Höhle) and Spain's (Sistema del Alto). It is the 14th longest cave system in the world.

Optymistychna Cave
Optymistychna Cave (Ukrainian: Оптимістична, lit. 'optimistic') formerly known as Peshchera Optimistitscheskaya, is a gypsum cave located near the Ukrainian village of Korolivka, Chortkiv  Raion, Ternopil Oblast. Approximately 264 km (164 mi) of passageways have been mapped within. As a result, it is the longest cave in Europe and the seventh-longest cave in the world. It is also the longest gypsum cave in the world.
Polyphase merge sort
A polyphase merge sort is a variation of a bottom-up merge sort that sorts a list using an initial uneven distribution of sub-lists (runs), primarily used for external sorting, and is more efficient than an ordinary merge sort when there are fewer than eight external working files (such as a tape drive or a file on a hard drive). A polyphase merge sort is not a stable sort.

Sorting algorithm
In computer science, a sorting algorithm is an algorithm that puts elements of a list into an order. The most frequently used orders are numerical order and lexicographical order, and either ascending or descending. Efficient sorting is important for optimizing the efficiency of other algorithms (such as search and merge algorithms) that require input data to be in sorted lists. Sorting is also often useful for canonicalizing data and for producing human-readable output.

Formally, the output of any sorting algorithm must satisfy two conditions:

The output is in monotonic order (each element is no smaller/larger than the previous element, according to the required order).

The output is a permutation (a reordering, yet retaining all of the original elements) of the input.

Although some algorithms are designed for sequential access, the highest-performing algorithms assume data is stored in a data structure which allows random access.
Peter Paul (actor)
Peter Paul (born March 8, 1957) is a former American actor, producer, television personality and bodybuilder. He and his twin brother David Paul usually acted together in films and were together called "The Barbarian Brothers". They both appeared in supporting parts including the two-hour Season 3 premiere episode of Knight Rider, "Knight of the Drones" before starring in several films including 1987's The Barbarians.

Muscle & Fitness
Muscle & Fitness is an American fitness and bodybuilding magazine founded in 1935 by Canadian entrepreneur Joe Weider. It was originally published under the title Your Physique, before being renamed to Muscle Builder in 1954, and acquiring its current name in 1980. There is also a companion magazine called Muscle and Fitness Hers, oriented toward women.
Konstanty Tyzenhauz
Count Konstanty Tyzenhauz (Lithuanian: Konstantinas Tyzenhauzas; 3 June 1786 – 16 March 1853) was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman, naturalist, artist, and founder of ornithology in Poland and Lithuania. He made a large collection of eggs and bird skins at his estate in Pastavy (now in Belarus).

Pastavy
Pastavy (Belarusian: Паставы; Russian: Поставы, romanized: Postavy; Polish: Postawy) is a town in Vitebsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Pastavy District. As of 2025, it has a population of 18,450.
Kariba Airport
Kariba Airport (IATA: KAB, ICAO: FVKB), designated as Forward Air Field 2 (FAF) during the Rhodesian Bush War, is an airport serving Kariba, Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe. It is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of the town, and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) east of the Kariba Dam, the outlet of Lake Kariba. The Kariba non-directional beacon (Ident: KB) is 3.6 nautical miles (6.7 km) west of the runway.

There have been calls from local politicians and tourism businesses for the modest airport to be refurbished.

Fastjet Zimbabwe announced that they would be introducing scheduled services to Kariba Airport from both Harare and Victoria Falls, commencing in late March 2023.

Lake Kariba
Lake Kariba is the world's largest artificial lake and reservoir by volume. It lies 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) upstream from the mouth of the Zambezi river on the Indian Ocean, along the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. Lake Kariba was filled between 1958 and 1963 following the completion of the Kariba Dam at its northeastern end, flooding the Kariba Gorge on the Zambezi River.

The Zimbabwean town of Kariba was built for construction workers on the lake's dam, while some other settlements such as Binga village and Mlibizi in Zimbabwe and Siavonga and Sinazongwe in Zambia have expanded to house people displaced by the damming of the river.
Tyumentsevsky District
Tyumentsevsky District (Russian: Тюме́нцевский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia.  The area of the district is 2,273 square kilometers (878 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Tyumentsevo. Population:  15,695 (2010 Census); 17,985 (2002 Census); 17,616 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Tyumentsevo accounts for 35.5% of the district's total population.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Medal of Marshal Baghramyan
The Medal of Marshal Baghramyan (Armenian: «Մարշալ Բաղրամյան» Մեդալ) is a state award of Armenia awarded first and foremost to veterans of the Great Patriotic War as well as active servicemen of the Armed Forces of Armenia. It is named in honour of Marshal of the Soviet Union Ivan Bagramyan, one of the few ethnic Armenians to attain that rank and the second non-Slavic military officer (after Latvian Max Reyter) to command a Red Army Front. It was instituted in 1997 on the occasion of his centennial.

Latvians
Latvians (Latvian: latvieši) are a Baltic ethnic group and nation native to Latvia and the immediate geographical region, the Baltics. They are occasionally also referred to as Letts, especially in older bibliography. Latvians share a common Latvian language, culture, history and ancestry.
2018 Nepalese presidential election
The third presidential election of Nepal was held on 13 March 2018. As a new election law was developed (which is foreseen by the Constitution of Nepal) and as, due to the Nepalese election in 2017, an electoral college could be established, the election took place three years after the previous presidential elections despite the presidential term of office actually being set at 5 years. The President was elected by an electoral college composed of the members of federal parliament and provincial assemblies. The total number of voters was thus 880, however the 331 members of Federal Parliament have a vote weight of 79, while the 549 members of Provincial Assemblies have a vote weight of 48. In total 862 lawmakers participated in the election leading to a turnout of 97.95%.

Constitution of Nepal
The Constitution of Nepal (Nepali: नेपालको संविधान) is the present governing Constitution of Nepal.
Nepal is governed according to the Constitution which came into effect on 20 September 2015, replacing the Interim Constitution of 2007. The constitution of Nepal is divided into 35 parts, 308 Articles and 9 Schedules.

The Constitution was drafted by the Second Constituent Assembly following the failure of the First Constituent Assembly to produce a constitution in its mandated period after the earthquake in April 2015.  The constitution was endorsed by 90% of the total legislators. Out of 598 Constituent Assembly members, 538 voted in favour of the constitution while 60 people voted against it, including a few Terai-based political parties which refrained from the voting process.

Its institutions were put in place in 2010 and 2018 through a series of direct and indirect elections in all governing levels.
F.-A. Forel (PX-28)
The F.-A. Forel was a crewed underwater submersible built in 1978 by Jacques Piccard. Built at the Giovanola fabrication plant in Monthey and launched in Ouchy (Lausanne), it was one of the four submarines that have explored the depths of Lake Geneva, along with the Auguste Piccard and the two Mirs.

It is named after the Swiss Limnologist FA Forel.

The F.-A. Forel achieved a total of 3,600 dives with more than 6,000 passengers between 1979 and 2005. Many of them were done in Lake Geneva, although the submersible visited many other lakes such as Lake Neuchâtel, Lake Constance, Lake Zurich, Lake Lucerne, Lake Maggiore, Lake Bracciano and Lake Lugano. It also visited the Strait of Messina where it reached a depth of 560 metres. Although most of the missions were scientific, the submersible was also used for legal inquiries, industrial observations and tourism.

The ship is currently on display at La Maison de la Rivière in Tolochenaz.

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Ouchy
Ouchy (French pronunciation: [uʃi]) is a port and lakeside resort in Lausanne, Switzerland, south of the city centre, at the edge of Lake Geneva (French: le Léman). It is perhaps best known for its castle, the Château d'Ouchy.

It is served by Line M2 of the Lausanne Métro, of which it is the southern terminus.
Zoubek
Zoubek (feminine Zoubková) is a Czech surname meaning literally a "little tooth". Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Zoubek (born 1988), American basketball player

David Zoubek, Czech footballer

Olbram Zoubek (1926–2017), Czech sculptor and designer

Vladimír Zoubek (1903–1995), Czech geologist

Bohuš Zoubek (1942-2017), Czech horn player and music teacher

Vladimír Zoubek
Vladimír Zoubek (21 September 1903 in Heřmanův Městec – 24 May 1995 in Prague) was a Czech geologist. He won the Lomonosov Prize for his contributions to geology.

The mineral Zoubekite is named after him.
Le Peuchapatte
Le Peuchapatte is a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2009, the formerly independent municipality of Le Peuchapatte merged into the municipality of Muriaux.

Canton of Jura
The Republic and Canton of Jura (officially in French: République et Canton du Jura), less formally the Canton of Jura or Canton Jura (/ˈ(d)ʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə; French: [ʒyʁa] ⓘ), is the newest (founded in 1979) of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland. The capital is Delémont. It shares borders with the canton of Basel-Landschaft, the canton of Bern, the canton of Neuchatel, the canton of Solothurn, and the French regions of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and Grand Est.
Kasungu West Constituency
Kasungu West Constituency is a constituency for the National Assembly of Malawi, located in the Kasungu District of Malawi's Central Region.

It is one of several constituencies in Kasungu District. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system. The constituency has multiple wards, all electing councilors for the Kasungu District Council. The constituency is currently represented by MP Khumbize Kandodo Chiponda of the MCP.

Central Region, Malawi
The Central Region of Malawi, population 7,523,340 (2018), covers an area of 35,592 km2. Its capital city is Lilongwe, which is also the national capital. The region has an outlet on Lake Malawi and borders neighbouring countries Zambia and Mozambique. The Chewa people make up the majority of the population today.
Taizé, Saône-et-Loire
Taizé (French pronunciation: [tɛze] ⓘ) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. The commune lies 33 km (21 mi) northwest of Mâcon, the capital of Saône-et-Loire, and 9 km (5.6 mi) north of the town of Cluny.

Saône-et-Loire
Saône-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [sonelwaʁ]; Arpitan: Sona-et-Lêre) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the rivers Saône and Loire, between which it lies, in the country's central-eastern part.

Saône-et-Loire is Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's most populous department with a population of 551,493 as of 2019. It is also its southernmost department, as it is situated on the regional border with Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Saône-et-Loire's prefecture is Mâcon, with subprefectures in Autun, Chalon-sur-Saône, Charolles and Louhans. Its INSEE and postcode number is 71.
Jerry Bruner
Jeremiah "Jerry" Bruner (born April 1, 1947) is an American professional golfer who won three times on the European Seniors Tour.

Bruner was inducted into the National Black Golf Hall of Fame in May 2016.

European Senior Tour
The European Senior Tour, currently titled as the Staysure Legends Tour for sponsorship reasons, is a professional golf tour for male golfers aged 50 and over, run by the PGA European Tour. The tour was titled as the Staysure Tour for the 2018 and 2019 seasons after UK-based insurance company Staysure became the first title sponsors of the senior tour in December 2017. The tour was relaunched as the Legends Tour in 2020, after Ryan Howsam, founder and owner of Staysure, took majority ownership in a joint venture with the European Tour. The headquarters are based at Wentworth Golf Club, UK.

In 2025, the tour will play across four continents with a 20-event calendar, which will take place between February and December. Total prize fund for the year will be €20 million.
Trypodendron
Trypodendron is a genus of ambrosia beetles of the family Curculionidae. There are at least 30 described species in Trypodendron.

Some species have reached pest status because they attack freshly sawn timber and degrade the wood.

Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae.

They include the bark beetles as the subfamily Scolytinae, which are modified  in shape in accordance with their wood-boring lifestyle. They do not much resemble other weevils, so they were traditionally considered a distinct family, Scolytidae. The family also includes the ambrosia beetles, of which the present-day subfamily Platypodinae was formerly considered the distinct family Platypodidae.
Almost Skateboards
Almost Skateboards was an American skateboard company founded by professional skateboarders and business partners Rodney Mullen and Daewon Song.  The company manufactures skateboard decks using 7-ply, 8-ply, and carbon fiber constructions, while the decks are bound with resin epoxy glue.  As of November 2014, the brand is distributed by Dwindle Distribution.

Vertical and horizontal
In astronomy, geography and related sciences and contexts, an orientation or plane passing by a given point is said to be vertical if it contains the local gravity direction at that point.

Conversely, a orientation, plane or surface is said to be horizontal (or leveled) if it is everywhere perpendicular to the vertical orientation.

More generally, something that is vertical can be drawn from "up" to "down" (or down to up), such as the y-axis in the Cartesian coordinate system.