hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vershina Tyoi
Vershina Tyoi (Russian: Вершина Тёи; Khakas: Tӧӧ пазы, Töö Pazı) is an urban-type settlement in Askizsky District of the Republic of Khakassia, Russia. Population:  3,756 (2010 Census); 4,482 (2002 Census); 5,565 (1989 Soviet census).

Khakas language
Khakas, also known as Xakas, is a Turkic language spoken by the Khakas, who mainly live in the southwestern Siberian Republic of Khakassia, in Russia. The Khakas number 61,000, of whom 29,000 speak the Khakas language. Most Khakas speakers are bilingual in Russian.
Kikuchi River
The Kikuchi River (菊池川, Kikuchi-gawa) flows through the northern part of Kumamoto Prefecture, Kyūshū, Japan. The source of the river is Fukaba, Aso city near Mt. Aso at the height of 1,041 metres (3,415 ft) and flows west through the Kikuchi Valley. It turns south near Kikusui and empties into the Shimabara Bay in the Ariake sea. Land reclamation is taking place at its mouth.

The river has a total length of 71 km (44 mi). It begins at an elevation of 1,041 metres (3,415 ft) and has a catchment area of 995 km2 (384 sq mi). The width of the river ranges from 24 to 72 metres (79 to 236 ft) and the current velocity and discharge varies greatly through the year, from 10 to 350 cubic metres per second (350 to 12,360 cu ft/s).

Kumamoto Prefecture
Kumamoto Prefecture (熊本県, Kumamoto-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [kɯ.ma.mo.to, -toꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Kumamoto Prefecture has a population of 1,683,115 (as of 1 October 2025) and has a geographic area of 7,409 square kilometres (2,861 sq mi). Kumamoto Prefecture borders Fukuoka Prefecture to the north, Ōita Prefecture to the northeast, Miyazaki Prefecture to the southeast, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the south.

Kumamoto is the capital and largest city of Kumamoto Prefecture, with other major cities including Yatsushiro, Amakusa, and Tamana. Kumamoto Prefecture is located in the center of Kyūshū on the coast of the Ariake Sea, across from Nagasaki Prefecture, with the mainland separated from the East China Sea by the Amakusa Archipelago. Kumamoto Prefecture is home to Mount Aso, the largest active volcano in Japan and among the largest in the world, with its peak 1,592 metres (5,223 ft) above sea level.
Lithothelium grossum
Lithothelium grossum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Pyrenulaceae. Found in China, it was formally described as a new species in 2006 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected in the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (Mengla County, Yunnan) at an altitude of 550 m (1,800 ft); here it was found growing on a tree trunk. Lithothelium grossum is characterized by its large hyaline (translucent) ascospores, which measure 27–37 by 12–17 μm; these are the largest of hyaline-spored species in genus Lithothelium.

Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG), of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), founded in 1959, is located in Mengla County, Xishuangbanna at 21º55' N, 101º15'E, covering an area of 1125 ha. Over 13,000 species of tropical plants are preserved in its 35 living collections, including over 301 families and 2110 genera.
Whites Road, Chennai
Whites Road in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India branches off from Anna Salai, Chennai's arterial road near National Insurance Company after Thousand Lights Mosque and reaches up to Royapettah Clock Tower near Wesley Church. Chennai's famous Express Avenue shopping mall is located on this road.

Major institutions located at this road includes

United India Insurance

Corporation Bank

Cognizant Technology Solutions

Hobart Muslim Girls Higher Secondary School

Wesley Higher Secondary School

United India Insurance Company
United India Insurance Company Limited (UIICL) is an Indian public sector insurance company owned by the Government of India and administered by the Ministry of Finance. Headquartered in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, the company has 30 regional offices and more than 1,400 operating offices nationwide. The company was incorporated on 18 February 1938 and nationalized in 1972.
6th Special Operations Detachment (Ukraine)
The 6th Special Purpose Detachment is a volunteer special operations unit, one of the spetsnaz units of the Main Directorate of Intelligence, the unit was established in 2022. Composed mostly of volunteers from within Ukraine and abroad, the unit conducts special reconnaissance, sabotage, and other covert operations. It is a part of Tymur Special Operations Detachment.

Spetsnaz
Spetsnaz (Russian: Спецназ) are special forces in the former Soviet Union and Russia. Historically, this term referred to the Soviet Union's Spetsnaz GRU, special operations units of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Soviet General Staff (GRU). Today it refers to special forces branches and task forces subordinate to ministries including defence, internal affairs, or emergency situations in countries that have inherited their special purpose units from the now-defunct Soviet security agencies.
State visit by Nikita Khrushchev to the United States
Nikita Khrushchev paid a state visit to the United States from 15 to 27 September 1959. It marked the first state visit of a Soviet leader to the United States. Khrushchev, then First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Chairman of the Council of Ministers, was also the first leader of the Soviet Union to set foot in the Western Hemisphere. Being the first visit by a leader of his kind, the coverage of it resulted in an extended media circus.

Media circus
Media circus is a colloquial metaphor or idiom describing a news event for which the level of media coverage—measured by such factors as the number of reporters at the scene and the amount of material broadcast or published—is perceived to be excessive or out of proportion to the event being covered. Coverage that is sensationalistic can add to the perception the event is the subject of a media circus. The term is meant to critique the coverage of the event by comparing it to the spectacle and pageantry of a circus. Usage of the term in this sense became common in the 1970s. It can also be called a media feeding frenzy or just media frenzy, especially when the media coverage itself is covered.
Barkhausen
Barkhausen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David N. Barkhausen (born 1950), American politician and lawyer

Heinrich Barkhausen (1881–1956), German physicist from Bremen

Louis Henry Barkhausen (1877–1962), American stamp collector from Chicago

Heinrich Barkhausen
Heinrich Georg Barkhausen (2 December 1881 – 20 February 1956) was a German physicist who established an influential research laboratory in Dresden. The phenomenon by which ferromagnetic domains align during magnetization and produce discrete acoustic changes due to rotations of the Weiss domains is named after his observations as the magnetic Barkhausen effect. He is also remembered in the Barkhausen criteria for electrical oscillators.
Andrew Wilkinson (paediatrician)
Andrew Robert Wilkinson (born 30 October 1943) is a British paediatrician who was Professor Emeritus of Paediatrics and Perinatal Medicine at All Souls College, Oxford.  Wilkinson is most notable for being an international authority in neonatology and a lead author of the Standards of Care for NICU and NICE  guidelines on retinopathy of prematurity.

Retinopathy
Retinopathy is any damage to the retina of the eyes, which may cause vision impairment. Retinopathy often refers to retinal vascular disease, or damage to the retina caused by abnormal blood flow. Age-related macular degeneration is technically included under the umbrella term retinopathy but is often discussed as a separate entity. Retinopathy, or retinal vascular disease, can be broadly categorized into proliferative and non-proliferative types. Frequently, retinopathy is an ocular manifestation of systemic disease as seen in diabetes or hypertension. Diabetes is the most common cause of retinopathy in the U.S. as of 2008. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in working-aged people. It accounts for about 5% of blindness worldwide and is designated a priority eye disease by the World Health Organization.
2018 UEFA European Under-17 Championship qualification
The 2018 UEFA European Under-17 Championship qualifying competition was a men's under-17 football competition that determined the 15 teams joining the automatically qualified hosts England in the 2018 UEFA European Under-17 Championship final tournament.

Apart from England, all remaining 54 UEFA member national teams entered the qualifying competition (including Kosovo who entered for the first time). Players born on or after 1 January 2001 are eligible to participate. Each match has a duration of 80 minutes, consisting of two halves of 40 minutes with a 15-minute half-time.

Portugal national under-17 football team
The Portugal national under-17 football team represents Portugal in international football at this age level and is controlled by Federação Portuguesa de Futebol, the governing body for football in that nation.
Sarah Colley
Sarah Colley FSA is an honorary research fellow in the University of Leicester, school of Archaeology and Ancient History. She was elected as a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London in 2011.

Colley is interested in using modern digital communication technology and applies them to enhance researches in the field of archaeology. Because of that interest, she is currently working with Penelope Allison on the development of digital research resources in the Kinchega Archaeological Research Project.

University of Leicester
The University of Leicester (/ˈlɛstər/ ⓘ LEST-ər) is a public research university based in Leicester, England. The main campus is south of the city centre, adjacent to Victoria Park. The university's predecessor, University College, Leicester, gained university status in 1957.

The university had an income of £395.0 million in 2024/25, of which £84.9 million was from research grants, with an expenditure of £407.3 million.

The university is known for the invention of genetic fingerprinting, and for partially funding the discovery and the DNA identification of the remains of King Richard III in Leicester.
Ross Bolleter
Ross Bolleter (born 1946 in Subiaco) is an Australian composer and musician whose work is focused on ruined pianos, abandoned pianos that have been warped and changed naturally by time and weather. He is a founding member of The Blackeyed Susans and co-founder of World Association for Ruined Piano Studies (WARPS) with Stephen Scott. In addition to teaching music, Bolleter also taught Zen Buddhism prior to his retirement in 2023.

Robert Baker Aitken
Robert Baker Dairyu Chotan Aitken Rōshi (June 19, 1917 – August 5, 2010) was a Zen teacher in the Harada-Yasutani lineage. He co-founded the Honolulu Diamond Sangha in 1959 with his wife, Anne Hopkins Aitken. Aitken received Dharma transmission from Koun Yamada in 1985 but decided to live as a layperson. He was a socialist and anarchist who advocated for social justice for homosexuals, women and Native Hawaiians throughout his life, and was one of the original founders of the Buddhist Peace Fellowship.
1934 Pittsburgh Panthers football team
The 1934 Pittsburgh Panthers football team, coached by Jock Sutherland, represented the University of Pittsburgh in the 1934 college football season. The Panthers finished the regular season with eight wins and a single loss (to Minnesota at home) and were considered the champions of the East. According to a 1967 Sports Illustrated article, Parke H. Davis, whose selections for 1869 to 1933 (all made in 1933) are recognized as "major" in the official NCAA football records book, named Pitt as one of that season's national champions, along with Minnesota, six months after his death on June 5, 1934.  The article contained a "list of college football's mythical champions as selected by every recognized authority  [sic] since 1924," which has served as the basis of the university's historical national championship claims, with Davis being the only major selector for three of them, including the posthumous 1934 pick (post-1933 selections are not "major").

Morgantown, West Virginia
Morgantown is a city in Monongalia County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. Located along the Monongahela River in north-central West Virginia, it is home to West Virginia University. With a population of 30,347 at the 2020 census, Morgantown is the third-most populous city in West Virginia. The Morgantown metropolitan area has an estimated 140,000 residents. The local economy is largely driven by education and healthcare, anchored by West Virginia University and the Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center.
SMS Vineta
Two ships of the Imperial German Navy, and one of the Prussian Navy, have borne the name SMS Vineta, named after the mythic city of Vineta :

SMS Vineta (1863) was a steam frigate built in 1863 (de:SMS Vineta (1863)).

SMS Vineta (1897) was a protected cruiser launched  in 1897.

SMS Vineta (1915) was an auxiliary cruiser outfitted for commerce raiding in the First World War

Protected cruiser
Protected cruisers, a type of cruiser of the late 19th century, took their name from the armored deck, which protected vital machine-spaces from fragments released by explosive shells. Protected cruisers notably lacked a belt of armour along the sides, in contrast to armored cruisers which carried both deck and belt armour.

Outside of a handful of very large designs in the major navies (which preceded the revival of armored cruisers), the majority of protected cruisers were of 'second-' or 'third-class' types, lighter in displacement and mounting fewer and/or lighter guns than armored cruisers.

By the early 20th-century, with the advent of increasingly lighter yet stronger armour, even smaller vessels could afford some level of both belt and deck armour. In the place of protected cruisers, these new 'light armored cruisers' would evolve into light cruisers and heavy cruisers, the former especially taking on many of the roles originally envisioned for protected cruisers.
Jon Crispin
Jonathan Scott Crispin (born January 19, 1981) is a basketball analyst and color commentator for ESPN, NBC and Peacock. In college, he played basketball for the Penn State Nittany Lions and UCLA Bruins.

Penn State Nittany Lions basketball
The Penn State Nittany Lions basketball team is an NCAA Division I college basketball team representing the Pennsylvania State University. They play home games at the 15,261-seat Bryce Jordan Center, moving there from Rec Hall during the 1995–96 season. Their student cheering section is known as the Legion of Blue.

The team played its first season of basketball in 1897, finishing with a 1–1 record after playing Bucknell twice.  They lost the first game 4–24, and won the second 10–7.  The team went without a formal head coach until Burke Hermann in 1916.

The program has ten NCAA tournament appearances with its best finish coming in 1954, reaching the Final Four.  Its most recent appearance was in 2023, when the team beat Texas A&M in the first round. The program also has 11 appearances in the National Invitation Tournament, with the most recent being in 2018, when they beat Utah to win the NIT championship. They also won the NIT championship in 2009.
Charu Mihir Sarkar
Charu Mihir Sarkar (born 31 August 1924) was an Indian politician who was a member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly from 1967 to 1971 and served as Minister in the 1967 and 1969 United Front state cabinets.

West Bengal Legislative Assembly
The West Bengal Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is located in the B. B. D. Bagh area of Kolkata, the capital of the state. Members of the Legislative assembly are directly elected by the people. The legislative assembly comprises 294 Members of Legislative Assembly, all directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is five years, unless sooner dissolved.
Clarens, South Africa
Clarens is a scenic small town situated in the foothills of the Maluti Mountains in the Free State province of South Africa and nicknamed the "Jewel of the Eastern Free State". It was established in 1912 and named after the town of Clarens in Switzerland where exiled Paul Kruger spent his last days. It is situated 336 km from Johannesburg, 284 km from Bloemfontein, 389 km from Durban, and is a popular weekend tourist destination.

Antetonitrus
Antetonitrus is a genus of sauropodiform dinosaur found in the Early Jurassic Elliot Formation of South Africa. The only species is Antetonitrus ingenipes. Sometimes considered a basal sauropod, it is crucial for the understanding of the origin and early evolution of this group. It was a quadrupedal herbivore, like its later relatives, but shows primitive adaptations to use the forelimbs for grasping, instead of purely for weight support.
Oxidative carbonylation
Oxidative carbonylation is a class of reactions that use carbon monoxide in combination with an oxidant to generate esters and carbonate esters.  These transformations utilize transition metal complexes as homogeneous catalysts.  Many of these reactions employ palladium catalysts.  Mechanistically, these reactions resemble the Wacker process.

Wacker process
The Wacker process or the Hoechst-Wacker process (named after the chemical companies of the same name) is an industrial chemical reaction: the aerobic oxidation of ethylene to acetaldehyde in the presence of catalytic, aqueous palladium(II) chloride and copper(II) chloride.

Net reaction in the Wacker process

The Tsuji-Wacker oxidation refers to a family of reactions inspired by the Wacker process.  In Tsuji-Wacker reactions, palladium(II) catalyzes transformation of α-olefins into carbonyl compounds in various solvents.

The development of the Wacker process popularized modern organopalladium chemistry, and Tsuji-Wacker oxidations remain in use today.
Chelsea Dungee
Chelsea Dungee (born May 11, 1997) is an American basketball player who is an assistant coach for the Alabama Crimson Tide women's basketball team. She played college basketball at Oklahoma for one season and Arkansas for four seasons.

Alabama Crimson Tide women's basketball
The Alabama Crimson Tide women's basketball program represents the University of Alabama in the sport of women's basketball. The team competes in the Southeastern Conference and National Collegiate Athletic Association. They are coached by eighth-year head coach Kristy Curry.
Adam Werner
Adam Werner (born May 2, 1997) is a Swedish professional ice hockey goaltender currently under contract with MoDo Hockey of the HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv). Werner was drafted by the Colorado Avalanche, 131st overall, in the 2016 NHL Entry Draft.

2016 NHL entry draft
The 2016 NHL entry draft was the 54th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 24–25, 2016, at the KeyBank Center in Buffalo, New York. The first three selections were Auston Matthews by the Toronto Maple Leafs, Patrik Laine by the Winnipeg Jets, and Pierre-Luc Dubois by the Columbus Blue Jackets.

As of 2025 there are 60 active NHL players from this draft.
7–2–2 defense
The 7–2–2 defense or seven-box defense, used seven "down linemen", or players on the line of scrimmage at the time of the snap, two linebackers, and two safeties. Amos Alonzo Stagg invented the seven-box defense in 1890 at Springfield College. At that time, most teams were using a nine-man line on defense, and there were only three downs and no forward passes. The 7–2–2 was the base defense used by Knute Rockne at Notre Dame, as well as Mike Donahue at Auburn. Into the late 1930s, the 7–2–2 was still commonly employed inside the defender's thirty-yard line. It was considered "very strong against a running attack, but rather weak defensively against passes." The 7–2–2 was also employed when the opponent was expected to punt.

Down (gridiron football)
A down in gridiron football is an attempt by the offensive team to run a play to advance the ball, while the defending team simultaneously attempts to halt their advance. The down is a distinguishing characteristic of the game compared to other codes of football, but is synonymous with the 6 "tackle" rule in rugby league.

The team in possession of the football has a limited number of downs (four in American football, three in Canadian football) to advance ten yards or more towards their opponent's goal line (end zone). If they advance ten yards, they are awarded a first down, or another set of downs to advance a further ten yards. If they fail to advance that far after using all of their downs, possession of the ball is turned over to the other team. In most situations if a team reaches the final down, they will punt to their opponent, which forces them to begin their drive from further down the field; if they are in range, they might instead attempt to kick a field goal.
2025 Edmonton-Strathcona provincial by-election
A by-election was held on June 23, 2025 in the Alberta provincial riding of Edmonton-Strathcona to replace Rachel Notley, the former leader of the Alberta New Democratic Party, following her resignation on December 30, 2024. The election occurred alongside 2 other provincial by-elections in Edmonton-Ellerslie and Olds-Didsbury-Three Hills. Naheed Nenshi, the leader of the New Democratic Party since June 22, 2024 won the by-election and became the leader of the Opposition in the Alberta Legislative Assembly.

Olds-Didsbury-Three Hills
Olds-Didsbury-Three Hills is a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada. The district is one of 87 districts mandated to return a single member (MLA) to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta using the first past the post method of voting.

This riding in south-central Alberta stretches from the Red Deer River in the east to the area around Cremona in the west. Agriculture is the major employer, with retail a distant second. Household incomes, at $53,174, are below the Alberta average. Seven per cent of residents are considered low income. More than two-thirds of the people here were born in Alberta, while seven per cent are immigrants. People of German origin make up nine per cent of the population. More than 96 per cent say their language at home is English, the second-highest rate in Alberta (2001 census). In 2021, National Post columnist Colby Cosh wrote that the district "might be the single most truculently conservative anywhere" in Canada.
The Medium Is the Massage
The Medium is the Massage: An Inventory of Effects  is a book co-created by media analyst Marshall McLuhan and graphic designer Quentin Fiore, with coordination by Jerome Agel. It was published by Bantam Books in 1967 and became a bestseller with a cult following. The U.K. edition was published by Allen Lane Penguin Books using cover art by Newsweek photographer Tony Rollo.

The book is 160 pages in length and composed in an experimental, collage style with text superimposed on visual elements and vice versa. Some pages are printed backwards and are meant to be read in a mirror. Some are intentionally left blank. Most contain photographs and images both modern and historic, juxtaposed in startling ways.

Mirror writing
Mirror writing is formed by writing in the direction that is the reverse of the natural way for a given language, such that the result is the mirror image of normal writing: it appears normal when reflected in a mirror. It is sometimes used as an extremely primitive form of cipher. A common modern usage of mirror writing can be found on the front of ambulances, where the word "AMBULANCE" is often written in very large mirrored text, so that drivers see the word the right way around in their rear-view mirror. It is also on fire engines and police cars too.

Some people are able to produce handwritten mirrored text. Notably, Leonardo da Vinci wrote most of his personal notes in this way. Mirror writing calligraphy was popular in the Ottoman Empire, where it often carried mystical associations.