hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glen Osborne, Pennsylvania
Glen Osborne is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 590 at the 2020 census. It is a residential suburb of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Michael Repacholi
Michael Harry Repacholi AO (born 30 June 1944 in Taree, NSW, Australia) is an Australian biophysicist and radiation protection expert. He is one of the pioneer scientists and foremost authorities in Radiobiology in the world, including radiation protection standards for ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum. He was one of the founders and past presidents of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and founder and director of several projects in the World Health Organization, including the International Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) Project. Repacholi was also active in the study of the health consequences of the Chernobyl accident in the nuclear reactor, in Ukraine.

Ionization
Ionization or ionisation is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged atom or molecule is called an ion. Ionization can result from the loss of an electron after collisions with subatomic particles, collisions with other atoms, molecules, electrons, positrons, protons, antiprotons, and ions, or through the interaction with electromagnetic radiation. Heterolytic bond cleavage and heterolytic substitution reactions can result in the formation of ion pairs. Ionization can occur through radioactive decay by the internal conversion process, in which an excited nucleus transfers its energy to one of the inner-shell electrons causing it to be ejected.
Peter Lennie
Peter Lennie is a British-born neuroscientist and academic administrator. He is the Jay Last Distinguished University Professor at the University of Rochester, in Rochester, New York, and the executive director of the Worldwide Universities Network.

Harkness Fellowship
The Harkness Fellowship (previously known as the Commonwealth Fund Fellowship) is a program run by the Commonwealth Fund of New York City. This fellowship was established to reciprocate the Rhodes Scholarships and enable Fellows from several countries to spend time studying in the United States.

Recipients of the scholarship include a president of the International Court of Justice; former chairman and CEO of Salomon Brothers; a former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge; the controller of BBC Radio 4; the editor of the Sunday Times; former directors of the Medical Research Council, the London School of Economics and the General Medical Council; and a vice president of Microsoft.
Existential Physics
Existential Physics: A Scientist's Guide to Life's Biggest Questions is a nonfiction popular science book by theoretical physicist Sabine Hossenfelder that was published by Viking Press on August 9, 2022. It focuses on discussing various existential and ethical questions related to scientific topics and explaining their connection to current scientific research, or debunking their candidacy to be explained by science. These questions are split into individual chapters and interviews with various scientists are included throughout the book.

Popular science
Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience. It is presented in many forms, including books, film and television documentaries, magazine articles, and web pages.

It may be written by scientists themselves or by professional journalists. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is more broad ranging.
Hot Buttered Rum (band)
Hot Buttered Rum (also known as Hot Buttered Rum String Band and HBRSB) is an American six-piece progressive bluegrass act based in the San Francisco Bay Area.

The group performs frequently at music festivals, including the Telluride Bluegrass Festival, Newport Folk Festival, South by Southwest, High Sierra Music Festival, Bonnaroo Music Festival, Grey Fox Bluegrass Festival, and Hardly Strictly Bluegrass Festival. They have also headlined The Fillmore in their home city of San Francisco and have performed with a wide array of artists, including Phil Lesh, Ben Harper, Chris Thile, Bela Fleck, Peter Rowan, and Bill Nershi.

Their song "Right Between Your Eyes" gained national prominence when it was selected to serve as the theme music for the TV show, "Cook's Country from America's Test Kitchen" during seasons one through 11.

Telluride Bluegrass Festival
Telluride Bluegrass Festival is an annual music festival in Telluride, Colorado hosted by Planet Bluegrass. Although traditionally the festival focuses on bluegrass music, it often features music from a variety of related genres.
Abacetus aeneus
Abacetus aeneus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by the famous French entomologist Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean in 1828 and is found in Egypt and Cyprus.

Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean
Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ fʁɑ̃swa maʁi oɡyst dəʒɑ̃]; 10 August 1780 – 17 March 1845), was a French soldier and entomologist. Dejean described a large number of beetles in a series of catalogues.
I'm a King
"I'm a King" is a song performed by the American hip-hop group Pimp Squad Click (PSC) featuring Lil' Scrappy. It was released on July 22, 2005 via Grand Hustle/Atlantic Records as a single from the Hustle & Flow soundtrack (b/w UTP's "Booty Language") and the lead single from P$C's debut album 25 to Life. The recording sessions took place at P$ West Studios and Stankonia Recording in Atlanta. Production was handled by Lil' Jon.

The song peaked at number 67 on the Billboard Hot 100, number 54 on Radio Songs, number 16 on both the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay charts, and number 14 on the Hot Rap Songs chart in the United States. It received a Gold certification by the Recording Industry Association of America on June 14, 2006 for selling 500,000 units in the US. An accompanying music video for "I'm a King (Remix)" features scenes from Craig Brewer's 2005 video game Madden NFL 06.

Madden NFL 06
Madden NFL 06 is an American football video game released in 2005. It is the 16th installment of the Madden NFL series by EA Sports, named for color commentator John Madden. It is the first Madden game for the PlayStation Portable and Xbox 360 and was a launch game for the Xbox 360. Philadelphia Eagles quarterback Donovan McNabb is on the cover.
Punjabhai Vansh
Punjabhai Bhimabhai Vansh (born 1964) is an Indian National Congress politician from Gujarat, India.  He is also a Member of Gujarat Legislative Assembly. He belongs to Talpada Koli community of Gujarat.

Koli people
The Koli people are an agriculturist caste of India, mostly found in Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Koli caste was recognised as a criminal tribe under Criminal Tribes Act by British Indian government because of their anti-social activities; but during World War I, Kolis were recognised as a martial caste by British Indian Empire. Kolis of Gujarat were well-known pirates of Arabian Sea.

The Kolis form the largest caste cluster in Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh, comprising 24% and 30% of the total population in those states, respectively.
Catathrenia
Catathrenia or nocturnal groaning is a sleep-related breathing disorder, consisting of end-inspiratory apnea (breath holding) and expiratory groaning during sleep. It describes a rare condition characterized by monotonous, irregular groans while sleeping. Catathrenia begins with a deep inspiration. The person with catathrenia holds their breath against a closed glottis, similar to the Valsalva maneuver. Expiration can be slow and accompanied by sound caused by vibration of the vocal cords or a simple rapid exhalation. Despite a slower breathing rate, no oxygen desaturation usually occurs. The moaning sound is usually not noticed by the person producing the sound, but it can be extremely disturbing to sleep partners. It appears more often during expiration REM sleep than in NREM sleep.

Catathrenia is distinct from both somniloquy (sleep talking) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The sound is produced during exhalation, as opposed to snoring, which occurs during inhalation.

Valsalva maneuver
The Valsalva maneuver is performed by a forceful attempt of exhalation against a closed airway, usually done by closing one's mouth and pinching one's nose shut while expelling air, as if blowing up a balloon. Variations of the maneuver can be used either in medical examination as a test of cardiac function and autonomic nervous control of the heart (because the maneuver raises the pressure in the lungs), or to clear the ears and sinuses (that is, to equalize pressure between them) when ambient pressure changes, as in scuba diving, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or air travel.

A modified version is done by expiring against a closed glottis. This will elicit the cardiovascular responses described below but will not force air into the Eustachian tubes.
KXRN-LP
KXRN-LP (104.7 FM, "KXFM") is a low-power FM (LPFM) non-commercial radio station airing generational rock and community programming to Laguna Beach, California. The station serves a 5-square-mile area. It is a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation, founded in 2012 by Tyler Russell. As of 2014, the station operated on an annual budget of approximately $300,000.

KXRN-LP changed its community of license from Laguna Niguel to Laguna Beach, and its frequency from 93.5 to 104.7 on February 3, 2020, so that they could increase their height and have less interference from KDEY-FM and KDAY both on 93.5 with KDEY-FM being to the North and KDAY-FM being to the Northwest. They have also started broadcasting in HD Radio. The station was licensed for its new facilities on April 3, 2020.

KDAY
KDAY (93.5 FM, "93.5 KDAY") is a radio station that is licensed to Redondo Beach, California and serves the Greater Los Angeles area. The station is owned by Meruelo Media and airs a classic hip hop format. The station's studios are located in Burbank and its transmitter is in Baldwin Hills. KDAY also extends its signal coverage into the Inland Empire by adding a full power simulcast, KDEY-FM in Ontario, California to fill in all of the overlapping and gaping issues and problems in its eastern coverage area.

KDAY's HD Radio format is R&B.
Jakub Langhammer
Jakub Langhammer (born August 17, 1984) is a Czech professional ice hockey player. He is current a free agent having last played for HK Martin of the Slovak 1. Liga.

Before turning professional, Langhammer played for two seasons in the Western Hockey League of the Spokane Chiefs from 2002 to 2004. He went on to play 463 games in the Czech Extraliga for HC Sparta Praha, HC České Budějovice, Mountfield HK and HC Slavia Praha. He also played in the Tipsport Liga for MHk 32 Liptovský Mikuláš.

Czech Extraliga
The Czech Extraliga (Czech: Extraliga ledního hokeje, ELH) is the highest-level ice hockey league in the Czech Republic. It was created in 1993 following the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia midway through the 1992–93 Czechoslovak Extraliga season (which all Slovak and Czech teams played to completion). The league's season usually takes place between September and April and features 14 teams.

Teams from the ELH participate in the IIHF's annual European tournament in the CHL. During the 2022–23 CHL season, the ELH was ranked the No. 5 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top three teams to compete in the CHL.
Abdalla Juma
Abdalla Juma is the current head coach at Kenyan Premier League side Muranga SEAL.

The veteran coach has previously coached at Thika United, KCB, Chemelil Sugar, FC Talanta, AFC Leopards as an assistant coach, and Western Stima, among others.

Western Stima F.C.
Western Stima Football Club is a Kenyan football club based in Kakamega.  The team play their home games primarily at the Bukhungu Stadium, but also at the Moi Stadium. Western Stima currently compete in the Kenyan Premier League.

The team joined the Kenya Premier League in 2008 and was relegated in 2017, but were promoted back in the 2018 season.
Grey warbler-finch
The grey warbler-finch (Certhidea fusca) is a species of bird, one of Darwin's finches in the tanager family Thraupidae. Sometimes classified in the family Emberizidae, more recent studies have shown it to belong in the tanager family.  
It is endemic to the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador.

This species is closely related to the green warbler-finch, and were formerly considered conspecific, but both species differed in appearance, distribution, habitat, and song.  The nominate subspecies is from Pinta and Marchena, becki from Darwin and Wolf, mentalis from Genovesa, bifasciata from Santa Fé, cinerascens from Española, luteola from San Cristóbal, and ridgwayi from Floreana. Grey warbler-finches are found mostly in the shrubland and dry forest of smaller drier islands, and have a suitable coloration for their habitat.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

Santa Fe Island
Santa Fe Island (Spanish: Isla Santa Fé), also known as Barrington Island, is a small island of 24 square kilometres (9.3 mi2) which lies in the middle of the Galápagos Archipelago in Ecuador. Visitor access is by a wet landing in Barrington Bay on the northeastern side of the island.
DRC/CTB
DRC/CTB (CTB) was a publisher of educational assessment for the early learner, K–12, and adult basic education markets. DRC/CTB was a division of Data Recognition Corporation (DRC) until being fully merged into DRC's Educational Services division. From 1965 to 2015, the company was known as CTB/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill companies, and prior to 1965 California Testing Bureau was an independent company.

CTB has published many assessments including California Achievement Tests (CAT), Tests of Basic Experiences (TOBE), and TerraNova.

K–12
K–12 (from kindergarten to twelfth grade) is an English language expression that indicates the range of years of publicly supported primary and secondary education found in the United States and Canada, which is similar to publicly supported school grades before tertiary education in several other countries, such as  Armenia, Australia, China, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Iran, the Philippines, South Korea, and Turkey. K–12 refers to the American system which affords authority to local intersectional "districts" which may be specific to a municipality, county, or several regions, depending on population and proximity.
2023–2024 Massachusetts legislature
The 193rd Massachusetts General Court was a meeting of the legislative branch of the state government of Massachusetts, composed of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives. It first convened in Boston at the Massachusetts State House on January 4, 2023, on the last day of the governorship of Charlie Baker, and continued through the first two years of Governor Maura Healey's first term. The term ended on January 7, 2025.

Kristin Kassner
Kristin E. Kassner (born November 22, 1978) is a current member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives for the 2nd Essex District. In 2022 Kassner challenged incumbent Rep. Lenny Mirra. After the initial counting of votes, Kassner lost the election by 10 votes. However, following a hand recount, totals shifted to reflect a one-vote victory for Kassner. Following litigation, appeals, and a review by a special committee of the House of Representatives, Rep. Kassner was sworn in by Governor Maura Healey on Friday, February 3, 2023.
Goshute Canyon Wilderness
Goshute Canyon Wilderness is a 42,544-acre (17,217 ha) wilderness area in northern White Pine County in the U.S. state of Nevada.  Located in the Cherry Creek Range north of the town of Mcgill, the Wilderness was created by the "White Pine County Conservation, Recreation and Development Act of 2006" and is administered by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management.

Vegetation in the Wilderness consists primarily of thick pinyon pine and juniper stands at the lower elevations, while bristlecone and limber pine thrive in the higher elevations.  Aspen and cottonwood trees crowd the moist drainages along the creeks that flow through the Wilderness.

Pinus flexilis
Pinus flexilis, the limber pine,  is a species of pine tree in the family Pinaceae that occurs in the mountains of the Western United States, Mexico, and Canada. It is also called Rocky Mountain white pine.

A limber pine in Eagle Cap Wilderness, Oregon, has been documented as over 2,000 years old, and another one was confirmed at 1,140 years old.  Another candidate for the oldest limber pine was identified in 2006 near the Alta Ski Area in Utah; called "Twister", the tree was confirmed to be at least 1,700 years old and thought to be even older.
Kang You-seok
Kang Shin-cheol (Korean: 강신철; born June 10, 1994), better known by the stage name Kang You-seok (강유석), is a South Korean actor. He began his career in 2018 with minor roles. He first gained attention for starring in the television series Light on Me (2021), Payback: Money and Power (2023), and Black Knight (2023) before coming to wider recognition for dramas When Life Gives You Tangerines (2025) and Resident Playbook (2025).

Good Data Corporation
Good Data Corporation (Korean: 굿데이터코퍼레이션)  is a South Korean big data analytics company established in 2013 as Cherry Picker Co., Ltd. It was rebranded as Good Data Corporation in 2015.

Since 2015, the company has specialized in analyzing big data related to K‑content, including TV topicality for both dramas and non-drama programs such as entertainment, current affairs, and liberal arts shows. Since 2023, its results have been published weekly on its own platform, Fundex portal, and the company has also presented the annual FUNdex Awards starting that same year.
Queens Channel
The Queens Channel (76°11′N 96°00′W﻿ / ﻿76.183°N 96.000°W﻿ / 76.183; -96.000﻿ (Queens Channel)) is a natural waterway through the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is surrounded by Bathurst Island (to the west), Cornwallis and Little Cornwallis Islands (to the south), Baillie-Hamilton and Dundas Islands (to the east), and Devon Island (to the north-east). To the north, the channel opens into the Penny Strait, to the south-west into the Crozier and Pullen Straits, and to the east into the Wellington Channel.

Devon Island
Devon Island (Inuktitut: ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᑦ, Tallurutit) is an island in Canada and the largest uninhabited island (no permanent human residents) in the world. It is located in Baffin Bay, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is one of the largest members of the Arctic Archipelago, the second-largest of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canada's sixth-largest island, and the 27th-largest island in the world. It has an area of 55,247 km2 (21,331 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Croatia). The bedrock is Precambrian gneiss and Paleozoic siltstones and shales. The highest point is the Devon Ice Cap at 1,920 m (6,300 ft) which is part of the Arctic Cordillera. Devon Island contains several small mountain ranges, such as the Treuter Mountains, Haddington Range, and Cunningham Mountains, as well as the Haughton impact crater. The notable similarity of its surface to that of Mars has attracted interest from scientists.
Hodograph
A hodograph is a diagram that gives a vectorial visual representation of the movement of a body or a fluid. It is the locus of one end of a variable vector, with the other end fixed. The position of any plotted data on such a diagram is proportional to the velocity of the moving particle. It is also called a velocity diagram. It appears to have been used by James Bradley, but its practical development is mainly from Sir William Rowan Hamilton, who published an account of it in the Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy in 1846.

Diagram
A diagram is a symbolic representation of information using visualization techniques. Diagrams have been used since prehistoric times on walls of caves, but became more prevalent during the Enlightenment. Sometimes, the technique uses a three-dimensional visualization technique which then become projected onto a two-dimensional surface.
H. L. Kirkpatrick
Harry Louis Kirkpatrick III (born 1951), abbreviated H. L. or H.L., is a retired judge of the Raleigh County Circuit Court in West Virginia. Kirkpatrick was appointed by then-West Virginia Governor Gaston Caperton in 1995 to serve as a circuit judge on the Tenth Judicial District in Raleigh County, where he served from 1996 to 2024.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Sims Bayou
Sims Bayou is a 23-mile (37 km) bayou that flows within Houston in a primarily west to east movement. Its origin is in Southwest Houston near Missouri City, Texas, and terminates in Manchester, Houston approximately seven miles east of Downtown Houston, where it feeds Buffalo Bayou as a major tributary. Unlike all other major Houston bayous, Sims Bayou is contained entirely within the city limits. It is a major watershed for the City of Houston.

Sims Bayou is believed to be named after Bartlett Samuel Sims—a member of the Old Three Hundred. From 1990 through 2012, the Galveston District of the United States Army Corps of Engineers performed a widening and deepening of the bayou to reduce flooding. This allowed for new development in the southern portion of the city, and removed an estimated 35,000 homes and 2,000 commercial structures from a 100-year floodplain.

In 2016 the Houston Parks Board began a project to create trails and beautify areas along Sims Bayou.

Manchester, Houston
Manchester is a community in southeastern Houston, Texas, United States.

Manchester has 6 square miles (16 km2) of area. It is located in close proximity to the Houston Ship Channel, and many chemical plants, refineries, and sewage facilities.
Stuttflog Glacier
Stuttflog Glacier (71°56′S 4°45′E﻿ / ﻿71.933°S 4.750°E﻿ / -71.933; 4.750) is a glacier flowing north between Mount Grytoyr and Mount Pertrellfjellet in the Muhlig-Hofmann Mountains, Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition (1956–60) and named Stuttflogbreen (short rock wall glacier).

Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains
The Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains (German: Mühlig-Hofmann-Gebirge) is a major group of associated mountain features extending east to west for 100 km (62 mi) between the Gjelsvik Mountains and the Orvin Mountains in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. With its summit at 3,148 metres (10,328 ft), the massive Jøkulkyrkja Mountain forms the highest point in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains.