hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Catterino Cavos
Catterino Albertovich Cavos (Italian: Salvador Cattarin Cavos; Russian: Катерино Альбертович Кавос, romanized: Katerino Albertovich Kavos; October 21, 1777 – May 10 [O.S. April 28] 1840) was an Italian composer, organist and conductor who settled in Russia. He played an important role in the history of Russian opera and was the father of Alberto Cavos.

Cavos is celebrated in Russian musical history as the man who composed the opera Ivan Susanin in 1815, 20 years before Mikhail Glinka's opera of the same name. The plot, based on an episode from Russian history, tells the story of the Russian peasant and patriotic hero Ivan Susanin who sacrifices his life for the Tsar by leading astray a group of marauding Poles who were hunting him.

Ivan Valberkh
Ivan Ivanovich Valberkh (1766 - 1819) was a Russian ballet master, choreographer and teacher. He was the first native born choreographer and ballet master of Russian nationality. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Russian ballet scene was dominated by him and played a huge role in developing style of Russian ballet.

He was fluent in French, Italian and German and knew history, philosophy and mythology. He performed 36 ballets and translated around 30 French plays. He championed the rights of Russian dancers and resented foreign interference.
Joe Kopcha
Joseph Edwards Kopcha (December 23, 1905 – July 29, 1986) was an American professional football player who was a guard for eight seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Chicago Bears.

Kopcha attended the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, where he studied to become an obstetrician, and played professional football in order to fund his university studies. Kopcha played for the Detroit Lions when he obtained an internship at Harper Hospital, after previously studying at the Rush Medical College when playing for the Bears. Kopcha used his knowledge to redesign the shoulder pads worn by players, with his basic designs still in use today.

Rush Medical College
Rush Medical College is the medical school of Rush University, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. Established in 1837, it is affiliated  with Rush University Medical Center, and John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County.
Key 10th Memorial Fes Anniversary CD
Key 10th Memorial Fes Anniversary CD  is remix album released on February 28, 2009 in Japan by Key Sounds Label bearing the catalog numbers KSLC-0004—0005. It was released at Key 10th Memorial Fes, an event hosted by the visual novel development brand Key under VisualArt's and held during February 28 and March 1, 2009 to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the game brand's establishment. The album contains two discs with sixteen tracks, though only the music on the first disc is of new remixes of music from Key's visual novels. The second disc re-uses older remixes previously released by Key Sounds Label on the albums Recollections and Ornithopter; tracks one through six are from the former, and the remaining tracks are from the latter. The tracks on the album were composed, arranged, and produced by Jun Maeda, Shinji Orito, Magome Togoshi, Takumaru, Manack, Manyo, and PMMK.

Jun Maeda
Jun Maeda (麻枝 准, Maeda Jun; born January 3, 1975) is a Japanese writer and composer. He is a co-founder of the visual novel brand Key under Visual Arts. He is considered a pioneer of nakige visual novels, and has mainly contributed as a scenario writer, lyricist, and musical composer for the games the company produces.

After graduating with a degree in psychology from Chukyo University, Maeda contributed to the scripts and scores of games released under the Tactics brand of Nexton: Moon and One: Kagayaku Kisetsu e. He has contributed both to writing music and scripts to most games released under the Key brand, notably writing the majority of Air and Clannad. He also served as a screenwriter and composer for several anime series produced by P.A. Works, such as Angel Beats! and Charlotte.
Vivaha Panchami
Vivaha Panchami (Sanskrit: विवाहपञ्चमी, romanized: Vivāhapañcamī) is a Hindu festival celebrating the wedding of Rama and Sita in Janakpurdham which was the capital city of Mithila. It is observed on the fifth day of the Shukla paksha or waxing phase of moon in the month of  Agrahayana (November – December) in the Bikram Samvat, calendar also known as Mangsir. The day is observed as the Vivaha Utsava of Sita and Rama in temples and sacred places associated with Rama, such as the Mithila region of India and Nepal and Ayodhya in India.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
Listed buildings in Tockholes
Tockholes is a civil parish in Blackburn with Darwen, Lancashire, England.  It contains 26 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings.   Of these, three are listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  Apart from the village of Tockholes, the parish is rural.  The great majority of the listed buildings are farmhouses and associated farm buildings.  Three of the other listed buildings are associated with the parish church, namely a sundial, a former school, and a lychgate, and the last is a structure over a well or spring in the grounds of the now-demolished Hollinshead Hall.

Lychgate
A lychgate (from Old English līc, corpse) or resurrection gate is a covered gateway found at the entrance to a traditional English or English-style churchyard. Examples also exist outside the British Isles in places such as Canada, the Upland South and Texas in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Norway, and Sweden.
2023 O'Reilly Auto Parts 150 at Mid-Ohio
The 2023 O'Reilly Auto Parts 150 at Mid-Ohio was the 14th stock car race of the 2023 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, and the final iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, July 8, 2023, in Lexington, Ohio at Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course, a 2.400 miles (3.862 km) permanent road course. The race took the scheduled 67 laps to complete. Corey Heim, driving for Tricon Garage, would start on the pole and dominate the majority of the race, leading a race-high 30 laps, and earning his fourth career NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series win, and his second of the season. To fill out the podium, Zane Smith, driving for Front Row Motorsports, and Christian Eckes, driving for McAnally-Hilgemann Racing, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Front Row Motorsports
Front Row Motorsports (FRM) is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the NASCAR Cup Series and NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series. The team began running part-time in 2004 as Means-Jenkins Motorsports under a partnership with Jimmy Means and restaurant entrepreneur Bob Jenkins, with Jenkins becoming the full team owner in 2005. In the Cup Series, FRM fields three Ford Mustang Dark Horse teams full-time; the No. 4 for Noah Gragson, the No. 34 for Todd Gilliland, and the No. 38 for Zane Smith. In the Truck Series, they field two Ford F-Series teams full-time; the No. 34 for Layne Riggs and No. 38 for Chandler Smith.
Joe Ybarra
Joseph Ybarra (born ~1954) is an American producer and designer of video games. He left Apple Computer in 1982 to work at the new Electronic Arts that was founded by his fellow ex-employee Trip Hawkins. He was the original producer of the first Madden NFL.

As one of the original game producers at EA, Ybarra worked on acclaimed games such as M.U.L.E., Seven Cities of Gold, Starflight, and the first version of Madden NFL. Ybarra later served as the president of Infocom and produced MMORPGs for Sierra Online and Monolith Productions. He also held a position at Cheyenne Mountain Entertainment, which eventually filed for bankruptcy. In 2013, Ybarra launched a Kickstarter for a simulation game called Shackleton Crater, which ultimately did not meet its funding goals.

The Seven Cities of Gold (video game)
The Seven Cities of Gold is a strategy video game created by Danielle Bunten Berry (credited as Dan Bunten) and Ozark Softscape and published by Electronic Arts in 1984. It was originally developed for the Atari 8-bit computers and released simultaneously for Apple II and Commodore 64. Conversions followed for IBM PC compatibles (1985, as self-booting disk), then Mac and Amiga (1986).

The player takes the role of a late 15th-century explorer for the Spanish Empire, setting sail to the New World in order to explore the map and interact with the natives in order to win gold and please the Spanish court. The name derives from the "seven cities" of Quivira and Cíbola that were said to be located somewhere in the Southwest United States. It is considered to be one of the earliest open world video games.
Hochheideturm
Hochheideturm is a 59-metre-high (194 ft) observation tower, with a completely glassed prospect platform on 831 metres high, located in Ettelsberg, Germany, near Willingen.  The northwest side of the tower is the highest artificial climbing wall of Europe (height: 41 metres).

Observation tower
An observation tower is a tower used to view events from a long distance and to create a full 360 degree range of vision to conduct long distance observations. Observation towers are usually at least 20 metres (66 ft) tall and are made from stone, iron, and wood. Many modern towers are also used as TV towers, restaurants, or churches. The towers first appeared in the ancient world, as long ago as the Babylonian Empire.

Observation towers that are used as guard posts or observation posts over an extended period to overlook an area are commonly called watchtowers instead.

Similar instances of observation towers are recognised as crow's nests, observatories, viewing platforms, etc.
Caroline Barbot
Caroline Barbot (née Marie-Caroline Douvry) (27 April 1830 in Paris – 17 September 1893), was a French operatic soprano. She is most notable for creating the role of Leonora in "La Forza del Destino" by Verdi in Saint Petersburg, Russia, in 1862.

La forza del destino
La forza del destino (Italian pronunciation: [la ˈfɔrtsa del deˈstiːno]; The Power of Fate,  often translated as The Force of Destiny) is an Italian opera by  Giuseppe Verdi. The  libretto was written by Francesco Maria Piave based on a Spanish drama, Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino (1835), by Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas, with a scene adapted from Friedrich Schiller's Wallensteins Lager (Wallenstein's Camp). It was first performed in the Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre of Saint Petersburg, Russia, on 29 October 1862 O.S. (N.S. 10 November).

La forza del destino is frequently performed, and there have been a number of complete recordings. In addition, the overture (to the revised version of the opera) is part of the standard repertoire for orchestras, often played as the opening piece at concerts.
Budhni railway station
Budhni railway station is a small station located in Budhni town, Madhya Pradesh. Its code is BNI. The station consist of two platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation.

Budhni station is a part of Bhopal–Nagpur section and is well connected to Chhindwara, Indore, Bhopal, Gorakhpur Junction, Jhansi, Itarsi, Amritsar and Mumbai.

A new 205.5 km railway line connecting Budni to Indore (Mangaliyagaon) in Madhya Pradesh has been approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs.

Bhopal–Nagpur section
The Bhopal–Nagpur section is a railway line connecting Bhopal and Nagpur. This 390 km (242 mi) track is part of the Delhi–Chennai line. The section is under the jurisdiction of West Central Railway and Central Railway.
999 (British TV series)
999 (initially known as 999: Dramatic Stories of Real Life Rescues in some listings) is a British docudrama television series presented by Michael Buerk, that premiered on 25 June 1992 on BBC One and ran until 17 September 2003. The series got its name from the emergency telephone number used in the United Kingdom and is the British adaptation of the American series Rescue 911, which premiered in April 1989 and ended in August 1996.

A number of specials and spin-off shows were also aired, including five series of 999 Lifesavers (1994–1998) hosted by Buerk and Juliet Morris (later replaced by Donna Bernard), and 999 International in 1997. A similar, more child-friendly series called Against All Odds was aired on CBBC in the early 2000s. This version was hosted by Kate Gerbeau and Jake Humphrey.

BBC Books
BBC Books (also formerly known as BBC Consumer Publishing and BBC Publishing) is an imprint majority-owned and managed by Penguin Random House through its Ebury Publishing division. The minority shareholder is BBC Studios, the commercial subsidiary of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The imprint has been active since the 1980s.

BBC Books publishes a range of books connected to BBC radio and television programming, including cookery, natural history, lifestyle, and behind the scenes "making-of" books. There are also some non-programme related biographies and autobiographies of various well-known personalities in its list.

Amongst BBC Books' best known titles are cookery books by former TV cook Delia Smith, wildlife titles by Sir David Attenborough and gardening titles by Alan Titchmarsh. In the BBC Publishing days, it turned down The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, a book which has now sold over 14,000,000 copies worldwide.
Phosphonium coupling
In organic chemistry, phosphonium coupling is a cross-coupling reaction for organic synthesis. It is a mild, efficient, chemoselective and versatile methodology for the formation of C–C, C–N, C–O, and C–S bond of unactivated and unprotected tautomerizable heterocycles. The method was originally reported in 2004. The C–OH bond of a tautomerizable heterocycle is activated with a phosphonium salt (PyBroP, PyBOP, BroP, or BOP), and subsequent functionalization with either a nucleophile through SNAr displacement or an organometallic through transition metal catalyzed cross coupling reaction. The in situ activation of the C-OH bond in phosphonium coupling has been applied to cross coupling reactions of tautomerizable heterocycles and arenols using other types of activating reagents.

Phosphonium coupling generates in situ a pseudo aryl or heteroaryl halide (the intermediate phosphonium species), which subsequently reacts with its coupling partner.

Aryl group
In organic chemistry, an aryl is any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic ring, usually an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as phenyl and naphthyl. "Aryl" is used for the sake of abbreviation or generalization, and "Ar" is used as a placeholder for the aryl group in chemical structure diagrams, analogous to “R” used for any organic substituent. “Ar” is not to be confused with the elemental symbol for argon.

A simple aryl group is phenyl (C6H5−), a group derived from benzene. Examples of other aryl groups consist of:

The tolyl group (CH3C6H4−) which is derived from toluene (methylbenzene)

The xylyl group ((CH3)2C6H3−), which is derived from xylene (dimethylbenzene)

The naphthyl group (C10H7−), which is derived from naphthalene

Arylation is the process in which an aryl group is attached to a substituent. It is typically achieved by cross-coupling reactions.
Fersen Lambranho
Fersen Lamas Lambranho (born October 11, 1961 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian entrepreneur and investor. He is currently partner and chairman of GP Investments, the asset management and investment firm based in Latin America, and has been listed among the 'most experienced Venture Capital investors in Brazil'. Having played a key role in Lojas Americas, Lambranho founded Americanas.com and was an early internet investor in Submarino and Shoptime in the late 1990s, which later became B2W. Key investments have included Equatorial Energia, Rumo, Oi, BRMalls, Magnesita and others.

Oi (telecommunications)
Oi (IPA: [ˈoj], Portuguese for "Hi"), formerly known as Telemar, is the largest fixed telephone operator and the fourth mobile telephone operator in Brazil, being the third largest telecommunication company in Latin America. It is headquartered in Rio de Janeiro.

In 2013, Oi announced its merger with Portugal Telecom, the largest telecommunication company in Portugal. In June 2015, Portugal Telecom was acquired by Altice Group.

On June 20, 2016, Oi filed for a US$19 billion (R$65 billion) bankruptcy protection, the largest on record for Brazil.
Llanberis Lake Railway
The Llanberis Lake Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Llyn Padarn) is a 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) narrow gauge heritage railway that runs for 2.5 miles (4 km) along the northern shore of Llyn Padarn in north Wales in the Snowdonia National Park. The starting point is the village of Llanberis at the eastern end of the lake (53°07′03″N 4°07′09″W﻿ / ﻿53.1175°N 4.1193°W﻿ / 53.1175; -4.1193﻿ (Llanberis station)), with the western terminus at Pen Llyn in the Padarn Country Park (53°08′13″N 4°08′58″W﻿ / ﻿53.1370°N 4.1495°W﻿ / 53.1370; -4.1495﻿ (Penllyn station)). The return journey takes around 60 minutes.
The railway is one of the Great Little Trains of Wales.

Gilfach Ddu
Gilfach Ddu (also known as the Dinorwic Slate Quarry Workshops) are a series of well-preserved Grade I listed industrial buildings built to serve the Dinorwic slate quarry near Llanberis in Caernarfonshire, North Wales. The workshops compreise a complex of repair and maintenance buildings, that were built in 1870 to build and maintain the machinery used in the quarry. The complex includes saw sheds, patternmaking shops, a foundry with cupola, blacksmiths shops, fitting shops, stores, engine sheds, a canteen, the chief engineer's house, a hand operated crane and two waterwheels which provided the site with its power. Since 1972, the buildings have housed the National Slate Museum.
Gaius Catellius Celer
Gaius Catellius Celer (also known as Lucius Pompeius Vopiscus Gaius Catellius Celer) was a Roman senator who flourished during the Flavian dynasty. He served as suffect consul for the nundinium September-October 77 with Marcus Arruntius Aquila as his colleague.

Roman naming conventions
Over the course of some fourteen centuries, the Romans and other peoples of Italy employed a system of nomenclature that differed from that used by other cultures of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of a combination of personal and family names. Although conventionally referred to as the tria nomina, the combination of praenomen, nomen, and cognomen that have come to be regarded as the basic elements of the Roman name in fact represent a continuous process of development, from at least the seventh century BC to the end of the seventh century AD. The names that developed as part of this system became a defining characteristic of Roman civilization, and although the system itself vanished during the Early Middle Ages, the names themselves exerted a profound influence on the development of European naming practices, and many continue to survive in modern languages.
Alliance (taxonomy)
An alliance is an informal grouping used in biological taxonomy. The term "alliance" is not a taxonomic rank defined in any of the nomenclature codes. It is used for any group of species, genera or tribes to which authors wish to refer, that have at some time provisionally been considered to be closely related.

The term is often used for a group that authors are studying in further detail in order to refine the complex taxonomy. For example, a molecular phylogenetics study of the Aerides–Vanda Alliance (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) confirmed that the group is monophyletic, and clarified which species belong in each of the 14 genera. In other orchid groups, the various alliances that have been defined do not correspond well to clades.

Historically, some 19th century botanical authors used alliance to denote groups that would now be considered orders. This usage is now obsolete, and the ICN (Article 17.2) specifies that such taxa are treated as orders.

Nomenclature codes
Nomenclature codes or codes of nomenclature are the various rulebooks that govern the naming of living organisms. Standardizing the scientific names of biological organisms allows researchers to discuss findings (including the discovery of new species).

As the study of biology became increasingly specialized, specific codes were adopted for different types of organism.

To an end-user who only deals with names of species, with some awareness that species are assignable to genera, families, and other taxa of higher ranks, it may not be noticeable that there is more than one code, but beyond this basic level these are rather different in the way they work.
Liam McCullough
Liam McCullough (born June 5, 1997) is an American professional football long snapper for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Ohio State Buckeyes and was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Las Vegas Raiders after the 2020 NFL draft.

Long snapper
In gridiron football, the long snapper (or deep snapper) is a center on special teams whose duty is to snap the football over a longer distance, typically around 15 yards during punts, and 7–8 yards during field goals and conversion attempts.
Nicholas Colasanto
Nicholas Colasanto (January 19, 1924 – February 12, 1985) was an American actor and television director. He is best known for his role as Ernie Pantusso in the American television sitcom Cheers (1982–1985).

Starsky & Hutch
Starsky & Hutch is an American action television series, which consisted of a 72-minute pilot movie (originally aired as a Movie of the Week entry) and 92 episodes of 50 minutes each. The show was created by William Blinn (inspired by the success of the then recent movie Busting), produced by Spelling-Goldberg Productions and starred Paul Michael Glaser and David Soul in the title roles, Starsky and Hutch. It was broadcast from April 1975 (pilot movie) to August 1979 on the ABC network.

Starsky & Hutch was distributed by Columbia Pictures Television in the United States. Sony Pictures Television is now the worldwide distributor for the series. The series later inspired a video game and a feature film.
Pat Hurst
Pat Hurst (born May 23, 1969) is an American professional golfer who plays on the LPGA Tour.

Hurst's mother is originally from Japan and her father is an American of German heritage. She was born in San Leandro, California, and raised in the Bay Area.

1998 Solheim Cup
The fifth Solheim Cup took place from September 18 to September 20, 1998, at Muirfield Village, Dublin, Ohio, United States. The United States team retained the cup beating the European team by 16 points to 12.
Vladimír Špaček
Vladimír Špaček (born October 29, 1939 in Trenčín) is a Czechoslovak sprint canoer who competed in the early 1960s. At the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, he was disqualified in the heats of the K-1 4 × 500 m event.

Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's K-1 4 × 500 metres
The men's K-1 4 × 500 metres event was a relay kayaking event conducted over 500 meters as part of the Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics program on Lake Albano. This would be the only time this event was held in the Summer Olympics though it was part of the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships from 1948 to 1975.