hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Makrisia
Makrisia (Greek: Μακρίσια) is a village in the municipal unit of Skillounta, Elis, Greece. It is situated near the left bank of the river Alfeios, 2 km northwest of Krestena, 3 km northeast of Kallikomo, 4 km southwest of Olympia and 16 km southeast of Pyrgos.

Elis
Elis, also known as Ellis or Ilia (Greek: Ηλεία, Eleia), is a historic region in the western part of the Peloponnese peninsula of Greece. It is administered as a regional unit of the modern region of Western Greece. Its capital is Pyrgos. Until 2011 it was Elis Prefecture, covering the same territory.

The modern regional unit is nearly coterminous with the ancient Elis of the classical period. Here lie the ancient ruins of cities of Elis, Epitalion and Olympia, known for the ancient Olympic Games which started in 776 BC.
Enhanced indexing
In finance, enhanced indexing is any indexing strategy employed with the intention of outperforming strict indexing. Enhanced indexing attempts to generate modest excess returns compared to traditional index funds and other passive management techniques.

Active management
Active management (also called active investing) is an approach to investing. In an actively managed portfolio of investments, the investor selects the investments that make up the portfolio. Active management is often compared to passive management or index investing.

Passively managed funds consistently outperform actively managed funds.
Filiberto Hernández Martínez
Filiberto Hernández Martínez (born 1971) was a Mexican serial killer active between 2010 and 2013. His crimes took place in Tamuín, in the south of San Luis Potosí, where he allegedly murdered four children and a woman, before another femicide was attributed to him.

San Luis Potosí
San Luis Potosí, officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí, is one of the 32 states which compose the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 59 municipalities and is named after its capital city, San Luis Potosí.

It is located in eastern and central Mexico and is bordered by seven other Mexican states: Nuevo León to the north; Tamaulipas to the north-east; Veracruz to the east; Hidalgo, Querétaro and Guanajuato to the south; and Zacatecas to the north-west. In addition to the capital city, other major cities in the state include Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, Rioverde, and Tamazunchale.
Pelileo
Pelileo (full form: San Pedro de Pelileo) is a city, with a population of 11,403 (2022 census), located at the center of the Andean region of Ecuador called La Sierra ("the highlands"). It is the seat of Pelileo Canton, with a population of 63,897 (2022 Census), and forms part of Tungurahua Province.

Pelileo is the third largest city in Tungurahua Province behind neighboring Ambato and Baños. It is famous for the production and sale of blue jeans. Many travelers pass through Pelileo on their way from Ambato to Baños.

Cantons of Ecuador
The cantons of Ecuador are the second-level subdivisions of Ecuador, below the provinces. The cantons are further subdivided into parishes, which are classified as either urban or rural.

As of 2025, there are 222 cantons in the country. The most recently created cantons are Sevilla Don Bosco in Morona Santiago Province in 2024; and La Concordia in Esmeraldas Province in 2007, although in 2013 La Concordia was transferred to Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas Province.

Below is a list of cantons by province. All populations are as of the 2022 census, with the exception of the canton of Sevilla Don Bosco, as it did not exist at the time.
Alina Nanu
Alina Nanu (Russian: Алина Нану, born 23 August 1990) is a professional ballet dancer. She is a principal dancer with the National Theatre in Prague and became the youngest principal dancer in the history of the theatre.

Principal dancer
A principal dancer (often shortened to principal) is a dancer at the highest rank within a professional dance company, particularly a ballet company. A principal may be of any gender and is usually the star of the ballet. The term is used mostly in ballet but can be used in other forms as well, such as modern dance. The term senior principal dancer is sometimes used as well.

The position is similar to that of soloist; however, principals regularly perform not only solos, but also pas de deux as well as headlining performances they participate in. Principal dancers can be hired into a dance company or can also be a company dancer that is a corps de ballet dancer that gets promoted from within the company. That process can take multiple performance seasons or even years to achieve based on skill level and company interest.
Mattias Rahm
Johan Mattias Rahm (born 12 March 1973) is a Swedish Olympic sailor. He finished 12th in the 470 event at the 2000 Summer Olympics together with Johan Molund.

Sailing Biography: 
1988 12th place optimist worlds
1990 Nordic junior Champion, Europe class
1992  Nordic Champion, Europe class
1994 World Champion, Europe class
1995 World Champion, Europe class
1998 3rd, 470 Worlds 
1999 2nd, 470 Worlds
2005 - 2007 strategist and second helmsman, Victory Challenge, 32nd Americas Cup. 
2008 Winner Match Cup Sweden.
2013 Winner M32 Cup, Scandinavia 
2014 2nd place M32 Series Scandinavia.
2015 2nd place M32 Series Scandinavia

470 (dinghy)
The 470 (Four-Seventy) is a double-handed monohull planing dinghy with a centreboard, Bermuda rig, and centre sheeting. Equipped with a spinnaker, trapeze and a large sail-area-to-weight ratio, it is designed to plane easily, and good teamwork is necessary to sail it well. The name comes from the boat's length of 470 centimetres (4.7 m; 15 ft 5 in).

The 470 is a World Sailing International Class and has been an Olympic class since the 1976 games.
Prasinococcus
Prasinococcus is a monotypic genus of green algae, containing the only species Prasinococcus capsulatus, in the monotypic family Prasinococcaceae. This unicellular algal species was discovered in 1990 in the West Pacific Ocean and has characteristic reproduction methods as well as an interesting and potentially exploitable morphology. This is the only species in the genus, though various strains exist, for example URI 266G is the Atlantic clone.

Strain (biology)
In biology, a strain is a genetic variant, a subtype or a culture within a biological species. Strains are often seen as inherently artificial concepts, characterized by a specific intent for genetic isolation. This is most easily observed in microbiology where strains are derived from a single cell colony and are typically quarantined by the physical constraints of a Petri dish. Strains are also commonly referred to within virology, botany, and with rodents used in experimental studies.
Alberto Hemsi
Alberto Hemsi (27 June 1898 – 8 October 1975) was a composer of the 20th century classical era.  His work in the field of ethnomusicology and integration of Sephardic melodies has been noted as parallel to Béla Bartók's collection of traditional Hungarian music and consequent integration to his music.

20th-century classical music
20th-century classical music is  Western art music that was written between 1901 and 2000, inclusive. Musical style diverged during the 20th century as it never had previously, so this century was without a dominant style. Modernism, impressionism, and post-romanticism can all be traced to the decades before the turn of the 20th century, but can be included because they evolved beyond the musical boundaries of the 19th-century styles that were part of the earlier common practice period. neoclassicism and expressionism came mostly after 1900. Minimalism started later in the century and can be seen as a change from the modern to postmodern era, although some date postmodernism from as early as about 1930. Aleatory, atonality, serialism, musique concrète, and electronic music were all developed during the century. Jazz and ethnic folk music became important influences on many composers during this century.
Palace of the Council of the Nation (Algiers)
The Palace of the Council of the Nation is the home of the Council of the Nation, the upper house of the Algerian Parliament, in Algiers, Algeria. It is located on Boulevard Zighoud-Youcef on the Algiers waterfront.

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
Odites artigena
Odites artigena is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1914. It is found in South Africa and Kenya.

The wingspan is 13–14 mm. The forewings are white with the costal edge blackish towards the base and with a patch of faint whitish-ochreous suffusion on the basal portion of dorsum. There are black dots at both angles of the cell, followed by a brown patch, and connected with the tornus by an irregular interrupted line of brown suffusion sprinkled with black. There is a faint irregular line of brownish suffusion with some dots of black irroration running near the margin around the posterior two-fifths of the costa and termen. There is also a terminal row of small black dots. The hindwings are white, with a faint ochreous tinge.

The larvae feed on Coffea arabica and Persea americana.

Coffea arabica
Coffea arabica (/əˈræbɪkə/), also known as the Arabica coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family Rubiaceae. It is believed to be the first species of coffee to have been cultivated and is the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. Coffee produced from the less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated robusta bean (C. canephora) makes up most of the remaining coffee production. The natural populations of Coffea arabica are restricted to the forests of South Ethiopia and Yemen.
Raptin
Raptin is a recently discovered human hormone produced by the hypothalamus during sleep. It is cleaved from reticulocalbin-2 (RCN2). Raptin binds to glutamate metabotropic receptor 3 (GRM3) in hypothalamus and stomach neurons that inhibit appetite and gastric emptying, respectively. A 2024 study reported that it signals satiety to the gut, curbing appetite. Poor/inadequate sleep reduces raptin levels, increasing appetite. Raptin levels measured lower in people with obesity.

Raptin levels peak during nighttime sleeping and decline during the day.

A 2022 study reported that a lack of sleep increased ghrelin production, increasing appetite, and limits leptin, which disrupts satiety signals.

A genetic study of 2,000 obese individuals led to the discovery of an RCN2 variant, which was present in a group of family members who suffered from Night Eating Syndrome (NES). The variant blocked raptin production, and all individuals with the variant were obese.

Night eating syndrome
Night eating syndrome (NES) is classified as an Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). It involves recurrent episodes of night eating after awakening from sleep or after the evening meal. Awareness and recall of the eating is present, which is a key characteristic that differentiates the disorder from Sleep-Related Eating Disorder (SRED). Although there is some degree of comorbidity with binge eating disorder (BED), it differs from binge eating in that the amount of food consumed in the night is not necessarily objectively large nor is a loss of control over food intake required. The syndrome causes significant distress or functional impairment and cannot be better explained by external influences such as changes in the sleep-wake cycle, social norms, substance use, medication, or another mental or medical disorder.
Tecumseh High School (Michigan)
Tecumseh High School is a public high school for students in grades 9-12 located in the city of Tecumseh, Michigan.  The school services an area of roughly 80 square miles (210 km2) and includes the city of Tecumseh and parts of the Townships of Adrian, Clinton, Franklin, Macon, Raisin, Ridgeway, and Tecumseh. Tecumseh schools are essentially rural and seen as a middle class school system. For the 2001 school year, the Tecumseh Public School system opened the doors to a new $33 million high school. The University of Michigan, University of Toledo, Eastern Michigan University, Adrian College, Siena Heights University, Washtenaw Community College, Monroe Community College and Cleary College are all within a 35-mile (56 km) radius of the community. Jackson College a strong partner with the Tecumseh School District, offers classes both in Tecumseh and neighboring Adrian".

Clinton Township, Lenawee County, Michigan
Clinton Township is a civil township of Lenawee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 3,765 at the 2020 census. The village of Clinton is located within the township.

Both the village and township are named in honor of DeWitt Clinton, the governor of New York from 1817 to 1823.
Wenhanhu Park (Ji Hua Laboratory) station
Wenhanhu Park (Ji Hua Laboratory) station (simplified Chinese: 文翰湖公园（季华实验室）站; traditional Chinese: 文翰湖公園（季華實驗室）站; pinyin: Wénhànhú Gōngyuán (Jì Huá Shíyànshì) Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Màhnhonwù Gūng'yún (Gwaiwǎ Sahtyim Sāht) Jaahm) is a light metro station on Nanhai Tram Line 1 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Nanhai District. It opened on 29 November 2022.

The station name of this station is composed of the two names of Wenhanhu Park at the south of the station and the Ji Hua Laboratory in the east as the main and auxiliary station names respectively, excluding punctuation marks. With a total of ten Chinese characters, it has the longest station name of any rail transit station in the Guangzhou-Foshan area at present.

Foshan
Foshan (UK: /foʊˈʃæn/, US also /-ˈʃɑːn/; Chinese: 佛山) or Fatshan (also Fatsan, Jyutping: Fat6saan1) is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong Province, China. The entire prefecture covers 3,848 km2 (1,486 sq mi) and had a population of 9,498,863 as of the 2020 census. The city is part of the western side of the Pearl River Delta megalopolis, a conurbation housing 86,100,000 inhabitants, making it the biggest urban area of the world.

Foshan is regarded as the home of Cantonese opera, a genre of Chinese opera; Nanquan, a martial art; and lion dancing.
Digital Library of Mathematical Functions
The Digital Library of Mathematical Functions (DLMF) is an online project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to develop a database of mathematical reference data for special functions and their applications. It is intended as an update of Abramowitz's and Stegun's Handbook of Mathematical Functions (A&S). It was published online on 7 May 2010, though some chapters appeared earlier. In the same year it appeared at Cambridge University Press under the title NIST Handbook of Mathematical Functions.

In contrast to A&S, whose initial print run was done by the U.S. Government Printing Office and was in the public domain, NIST asserts that it holds copyright to the DLMF under Title 17 USC 105 of the U.S. Code.

Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) is a professional society dedicated to applied mathematics, computational science, and data science through research, publications, and community. SIAM is the world's largest scientific society devoted to applied mathematics, and roughly two-thirds of its membership resides within the United States. Founded in 1951, the organization began holding annual national meetings in 1954, and now hosts conferences, publishes books and scholarly journals, and engages in advocacy in issues of interest to its membership. Members include engineers, scientists, and mathematicians, both those employed in academia and those working in industry. The society supports educational institutions promoting applied mathematics.

SIAM is one of the four member organizations of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics.
Mighty Minnows
The Mighty Minnows are an invitational rugby sevens team founded in 2007, with players selected to play various levels of rugby.

Their debut was at the Caldy Sevens in 2007 where they lost to the Sale Sharks in the final 28–31. In 2008 they were championship winners, defeating Wharfedale in the final.

The Mighty Minnows and have entered Bournemouth Sevens where their competitors include Seru Rabeni, Jamie Noon, Ross Fennell and Andrew Farrell.

Seru Rabeni
Ratu Seru Rabeni (27 December 1978 – 15 March 2016) was a Fijian rugby union player. He played as a centre or wing. At both club and international level, his physicality and heavy tackles earned him the nickname "Rambo".
Dordi Rural Municipality
Dordi Rural Municipality is one of the local level rural municipalities of Lamjung District, of its 8 local municipalities. Dordi Rural Municipality was declared by incorporating the wards (1-8) of the former Hilletksar, Bharte, Archalbot, Shreebhanjyang, Nauthar, Pachok, Dhodeni, Faleni and Bansar Village Development Committees in Lamjung district.

It has 9 wards and according to census 2021, 16,050 people live in here.

It has 350.93 square km area.

Its center is in the office of the previous Nauthar V.D.C.

Gorkha District and Dudhpokhari Rural Municipality are in the east.

Marsyandi Rural Municipality and Besisahar Municipality are in the west.

Marsyandi Rural Municipality and Gorkha District are in the north.

Sundarbazar Municipality, Rainas Municipality, and Dudhpokhari Rural Municipality are in the south.

Lamjung District
Lamjung District (Nepali: लमजुङ जिल्ला [ˈlʌmd͡zuŋ] ⓘ), a part of Gandaki Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Besisahar as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,692 square kilometres (653 sq mi) and as of 2011 had a population of 167,724.  lies in the mid-hills of Nepal spanning tropical to trans-Himalayan geo-ecological belts, including the geographical midpoint of the country (i.e., Duipipal). It has mixed habitation of castes and ethnicities. It is host to probably the highest density of the Gurung ethnic population in the country.

Popular Media in Lamjung Includes Mero Lamjung, Radio Chautari, Aantaranga Saptahik, Radio Marsyangdi,Radio Lamjung, etc.
Entasi
Entasi (Greek: Ένταση; English: Intensity) is the third studio album by Greek singer Kostas Martakis, released in Greece and Cyprus on 5 December 2011 by Universal Music Greece. The album has fifteen songs in total, including an English language song, two duets, three covers, and one remix.

Serge Lama
Serge Lama (born Serge Claude Bernard Chauvier on 11 February 1943 in Bordeaux) is a French singer and songwriter.

His most famous song is Je suis malade, written with Alice Dona. It was written for Dalida and later performed by a number of artists, including Lara Fabian.

In 1971, Lama represented France in the Eurovision Song Contest with the song Un jardin sur la terre, which was placed tenth.
GTP-binding protein regulators
GTP-binding protein regulators regulate G proteins in several different ways. Small GTPases act as molecular switches in signaling pathways, which act to regulate functions of other proteins.  They are active or 'ON' when it is bound to GTP and inactive or 'OFF' when bound to GDP.  Activation and deactivation of small GTPases can be regarded as occurring in a cycle, between the GTP-bound and GDP-bound form, regulated by other regulatory proteins.

Guanosine triphosphate
Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) is a purine nucleoside triphosphate.  It is one of the building blocks needed for the synthesis of RNA during the transcription process. Its structure is similar to that of the guanosine nucleoside, the only difference being that nucleotides like GTP have phosphates on their ribose sugar. GTP has the guanine nucleobase attached to the 1' carbon of the ribose and it has the triphosphate moiety attached to ribose's 5' carbon.

It also has roles as a source of energy and as an activator of substrates in metabolic reactions, similar to the roles of ATP, but it is more specific. It is used as a source of energy for protein synthesis and gluconeogenesis.

GTP is essential to signal transduction, in particular with G-proteins, in second-messenger mechanisms where it is converted to guanosine diphosphate (GDP) through the action of GTPases.
Gallipoli Star (Commonwealth)
The Gallipolli Star is a military decoration proposed by the British Empire; it was never awarded but later privately struck. Originally to have been called the ANZAC Star, it was proposed by Lieutenant General Birdwood for Australian and New Zealand troops who served at Gallipoli. Despite approval by George V, protest at a medal that could not be awarded to other Commonwealth troops who took part in the operation (the majority deployed) was raised by British parliamentarians and media. In 1918, after ribbons, but not medals, had been shipped to the two nations, the award was cancelled and instead eligible soldiers were awarded the 1914 – 1915 Star. In 1990 the award was privately struck with 200 copies being given to Gallipoli veterans and the other 1800 sold to collectors.

New Zealand Expeditionary Force
The New Zealand Expeditionary Force (NZEF) was the title of the military forces sent from New Zealand to fight alongside other British Empire and Dominion troops during World War I (1914–1918) and World War II (1939–1945). Ultimately, the NZEF of World War I became known as the First New Zealand Expeditionary Force. The NZEF of World War II was known as the Second New Zealand Expeditionary Force (2NZEF).

The 2NZEF was led by General Bernard Freyberg.
Dharna barb
The Dharna barb (Puntius fraseri) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Puntius. It is endemic to India.

The fish is named in honor of amateur herpetologist Albert Glen Leslie Fraser (1887-?), who collected the type specimen and supplied the authors with Bhil names of Deolali (India) fishes.

Bhil
Bhil or Bheel are various indigenous groups inhabiting western India, including parts of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh and are also found in distant places such as Bengal and Tripura. Though they now speak the Bhili language, an Indo-Aryan language, the  aboriginal language that the Bhil originally spoke is lost. Bhils are divided into a number of endogamous territorial divisions, which in turn have a number of clans and lineages.

Bhils are listed as tribal people in the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan—all in the western Deccan regions and central India—as well as in Bengal and Tripura in far-eastern India, on the border with Bangladesh. Many Bhils speak the dominant language of the region they reside in, such as Marathi, Gujarati or Bengali.
Nippon Connection
Nippon Connection is a festival for Japanese film which takes place in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, every year in early summer.
The festival is organized by the nonprofit organization “Nippon Connection e.V.”.  Nippon Connection has become the biggest platform for contemporary Japanese film worldwide, with about 20,000 participants in 2025. The 26th festival edition will take place June 2 to 7, 2026.

Shinobu Terajima
Shinobu Terajima (寺島 しのぶ, Terajima Shinobu; born December 28, 1972) is a Japanese actress.  Her feature films include Akame 48 Waterfalls (2003) and Vibrator (2003). For her role in Caterpillar (2010), Terajima won the Silver Bear for Best Actress at the 60th Berlin Film Festival while her performance in Oh Lucy! (2017) earned her an Independent Spirit Award nomination for Best Actress.