hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ling Meng
Ling Meng is a Chinese plant biologist in the Department of Plant and Microbial Biology at the University of California, Berkeley. She is currently a Postdoctoral Fellow at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. She is best known for discovering a novel form of cellular communication in plants.
Thioredoxin, while known to play an important role in biological processes such as cellular redox, is not fully understood in function. Meng's work at Berkeley has suggested that thioredoxin h9 is associated with the plasma membrane and is capable of moving from cell to cell through two important protein post-translation modifications: myristoylation and palmitoylation. She is the first to connect thioredoxin with the plasma membrane.

Meng received her M.A. in statistics in 2009 at the University of California, Berkeley.  She received her Ph.D. in Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry in 2011 at the University of California, Berkeley.

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL, Berkeley Lab) is a federally funded research and development center in the hills of Berkeley, California, United States. Established in 1931 by the University of California (UC), the laboratory is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy and administered by the UC system. Ernest Lawrence, who won the Nobel prize for inventing the cyclotron, founded the lab and served as its director until his death in 1958. Located in the Berkeley Hills, the lab overlooks the campus of the University of California, Berkeley.
2008 CSIO Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament – CN International
The 2008 CN International was a Grand Prix show jumping event held at Spruce Meadows in Calgary, Alberta, Canada on September 7, 2008 during the 2008 CSIO Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament. With a $1,000,000 purse, the CN International is one of the richest show jumping events in the world. Nick Skelton of the United Kingdom won the event riding Arko III, obtaining only one penalty over the two rounds of competition to claim the $325,000 first prize.

Spruce Meadows
Spruce Meadows is a multi-purpose sports facility near Calgary, Alberta built by the Southern family which opened in 1975.

The facility contains an equestrian show jumping complex that comprises 505 acres (2.04 km2). The current president and CEO of Spruce Meadows is Linda Southern-Heathcott, a former Olympian who competed in the 1996 Atlanta Summer Games for the Canadian Olympic Team.

The facility is also the home venue of Cavalry FC of the Canadian Premier League, a soccer team owned by Spruce Meadows Sports and Entertainment. The 6,000-seat stadium, known as ATCO Field for sponsorship reasons during soccer use, is within the facility. The field was constructed in early 2019 at the site of a modified jumping field, which gained new stands to fit the rectangular soccer pitch.
Polokwane Ext 44
Polokwane Ext 44 (UK: /ˌpɒləˈkwɑːnɪ/, meaning "Place of Safety" in Northern Sotho; alternatively Greenside or simply Ext 44), is a township in Polokwane under the Capricorn District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa.

Ext 44 was the first township to ever emerge from the City of Polokwane, despite experiencing the heavy rains and floods throughout the years, the township is known for its never dying criminal activities.

Capricorn District Municipality
The Capricorn District Municipality (Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Selete wa Capricorn) is one of the 5 districts of the Limpopo province of South Africa. The district is named after the Tropic of Capricorn which runs through it. The capital is Polokwane. As of 2011, the vast majority of its 1,261,463 residents spoke Northern Sotho as their home language. The district code is DC35.
Carbacanthographis amazonica
Carbacanthographis amazonica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in the Amazon region of South America, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Shirley Cunha Feuerstein and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected in Saül (Canton of Maripasoula, French Guiana) at an altitude of 300 to 400 m (980 to 1,310 ft); here it was found in a hilly, moist tropical forest. It has also been recorded in Colombia and Suriname. The lichen has an uneven, greenish to greenish-yellow thallus that lacks a cortex, and has a black prothallus. The specific epithet refers to its distribution in the Amazon region of South America.

Tropical forest
Tropical forests are forested ecoregions with tropical climates – that is, land areas approximately bounded by the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as prevailing winds.

Some tropical forest types are difficult to categorize. While forests in temperate areas are readily categorized on the basis of tree canopy density, such schemes do not work well in tropical forests. There is no single scheme that defines what a forest is, in tropical regions or elsewhere. Because of these difficulties, information on the extent of tropical forests varies between sources. However, tropical forests are extensive, making up just under half the world's forests. The tropical domain has the largest proportion of the world's forests (45 percent), followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains.

More than 3.6 million hectares of virgin tropical forest was lost in 2018.
Application portfolio management
IT Application Portfolio Management (APM) is a practice that has emerged in mid to large-size information technology (IT) organizations since the mid-1990s.  Application Portfolio Management attempts to use the lessons of financial portfolio management to justify and measure the financial benefits of each application in comparison to the costs of the application's maintenance and operations.

Active Server Pages
Active Server Pages (ASP) is Microsoft's first server-side scripting language and engine for dynamic web pages.

It was first released in December 1996, before being superseded in January 2002 by ASP.NET.
Alto Miramar
Alto Miramar is a subdivision of the city of Mindelo in the island of São Vicente, Cape Verde. Its population was 524 at the 2010 census. It is situated directly northeast of the city centre. The main streets of the neighbourhood are Rua Unidade Africana and Rua da Paz.

São Vicente, Cape Verde
São Vicente (Portuguese for "Saint Vincent") is one of the Barlavento Islands, the northern group within the Cape Verde archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, off the West African coast. It is located between the islands of Santo Antão and Santa Luzia, with the Canal de São Vicente separating it from Santo Antão.
USB image
A USB image — is bootable image of Operating system (OS) or other software where the boot loader is located on a USB flash drive, or another USB device (with memory storage) instead of conventional CD or DVD discs. The operating system loads from the USB device either to load it much like a Live CD that runs OS or any other software from the storage or installs OS itself. USB image runs off of the USB device the whole time. A USB image is easier to carry, can be stored more safely than a conventional CD or DVD. Drawbacks are that some older devices may not support USB booting and that the USB storage devices lifespan might be shortened.

Ubuntu has included a utility for installing an operating system image file to a USB flash drive since version 9.10. Windows support also has added a step by step on how to set up a USB device as a bootable drive.

Optical disc image
An optical disc image (or ISO image, from the ISO 9660 file system used with CD-ROM media) is a disk image that contains everything that would be written to an optical disc, disk sector by disc sector, including the optical disc file system. ISO images contain the binary image of an optical media file system (usually ISO 9660 and its extensions or UDF), including the data in its files in binary format, copied exactly as they were stored on the disc. The data inside the ISO image will be structured according to the file system that was used on the optical disc from which it was created.

ISO images can be created from optical discs by disk imaging software, or from a collection of files by optical disc authoring software, or from a different disk image file by means of conversion. Software distributed on bootable discs is often available for download in ISO image format; like any other ISO image, it may be written to an optical disc such as CD, DVD and Blu-Ray.
Walter A. Bell
Walter Andrew Bell (January 4, 1889 – 1969) was a Canadian geologist. He worked for the Geological Survey of Canada for over 40 years and authored or co-authored 70 publications. Most of them concerning Carboniferous stratigraphy, paleobotany and paleontology of Atlantic Canada. He also contributed significantly to central and western Canadian Mesozoic and Cenozoic paleobotany. His work provided support for the theory of continental drift.

Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks.
Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithostratigraphy (lithologic stratigraphy), biostratigraphy (biologic stratigraphy), and chronostratigraphy (stratigraphy by age).

Several principles and laws come into play when using stratigraphy such as Principle of original horizontality, Law of superposition, Cross-cutting relationships, Principle of inclusions, Principle of faunal succession.
William Brereton (actor)
William Brereton (c. 1751–1787) was an English stage actor. He was a member of the company of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane for eighteen years, under the management of David Garrick and subsequently Richard Brinsley Sheridan. He was born in Bath, the son of William Brereton who was master of ceremonies in the spa town. He made his Drury Lane debut in the title role of Douglas by John Home in 1768. Weakened by alcoholism and mental instability, he died in an asylum in Hoxton in 1787. He was married to the actress Priscilla Brereton, who later married John Philip Kemble. He was said to have had an unrequited passion for Sarah Siddons which contributed to his mental decline.

Richard Brinsley Sheridan
Richard Brinsley Butler Sheridan (30 October 1751 – 7 July 1816) was an Anglo-Irish playwright, writer and Whig politician who sat in the British House of Commons from 1780 to 1812, representing the constituencies of Stafford, Westminster and Ilchester. The owner of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, in London, he wrote several prominent plays such as The Rivals (1775), The Duenna (1775), The School for Scandal (1777) and A Trip to Scarborough (1777). He served as Treasurer of the Navy from 1806 to 1807. Sheridan died in 1816 and was buried at Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey. His plays remain a central part of the Western canon and are frequently performed around the world.
Flavius Licerius Firminus Lupicinus
Flavius Licerius Firminus Lupicinus (fl. sixth century) was a late Gallo-Roman aristocrat and scholar.

Originally from Arles, Firminus Lupicinus was the only son of Euprepia, who was the sister of Magnus Felix Ennodius, the Bishop of Pavia, whose letters are the principal source for what little we know about Firminus Lupicinus. A Christian and a member of the Gallo-Roman nobility related to the Anicii, in AD 503 he was involved in a dispute over some lands he had received from his mother, which he was in danger of losing. In 504 Firminus Lupicinus was enrolled in the school run by Deuterius at Mediolanum, and his education was supervised by his uncle Ennodius.

Firminus Lupicinus is principally remembered for his role in the preservation of some of Julius Caesar's works. He in particular was a co-editor of one of the recensions of Book 2 of Commentary on the Gallic Wars.

Diocese of Pavia
The Diocese of Pavia (Latin: Dioecesis Papiensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy. It has been a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Milan only since 1817. Previous to the reorganization of the hierarchy in northern Italy by Pope Pius VII after the expulsion of the French and the Congress of Vienna, the diocese of Pavia had depended directly upon the Holy See, despite repeated failed attempts on the part of the Archbishops of Milan to claim control. The diocese has produced one Pope and Patriarch of Venice, and three cardinals.

The seat of the bishop is the Cattedrale di Maria Assunta e S. Stefano Protomartire in Pavia. The current bishop of Pavia is Corrado Sanguineti, appointed by Pope Francis on 1 December 2015.
Aïssa
Moulay Aïssa ben Idriss II (Aïssa ben idrīs ben idrīs ben `abd allah ben al-ḥasan) was born in Fez, Morocco in the 9th century. He was the son of Idriss II and the descendant of both Idriss I and his brother Suleyman the sultan of Tlemcen. He was the governor of the region of Salé.

Salé
Salé (Arabic: سلا, romanized: salā, [salaː]) is a city in northwestern Morocco, on the right bank of the Bou Regreg river, opposite the national capital Rabat, for which it serves as a commuter town. Along with some smaller nearby towns, Rabat and Salé together form a single metropolitan area.

Founded in the 11th century, Salé became a haven for pirates in the 17th century as an independent republic before being incorporated into Alawi Morocco. It recorded a population of 1,089,554 in the 2024 Moroccan census. The city still preserves its historic medina (old town), with many major monuments dating from the Marinid period (13th–15th centuries). Salé is connected to Rabat by a tramway and also contains the Rabat–Salé Airport, the main international airport serving both cities.
Dorrigo Shire
Dorrigo Shire was a local government area in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.

Dorrigo Shire was proclaimed on 7 March 1906, one of 134 shires created after the passing of the Local Government (Shires) Act 1905. The shire was divided to form Nymboida Shire on 5 August 1913.

The shire offices were originally in Coramba but by 1951 had moved to Coffs Harbour. Other towns in the shire included Dorrigo, Woolgoolga and Glenreagh.

Dorrigo Shire was abolished on 1 January 1957 and split between Bellingen Shire and the newly created Coff's Harbour Shire .

Bellingen Shire
Bellingen Shire is a local government area in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.  The shire is located adjacent to the Pacific Highway, Waterfall Way and the North Coast railway line.

The mayor of the Bellingen Shire is Cr. Steve Allan, an independent.
STC metro station
STC, formerly Olaya Metro Station, is a rapid transit station that serves the Blue and Red Lines of Riyadh Metro in the al-Olaya district of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, located on the intersection of King Abdullah Road with King Fahad Road and Olaya Street. It covers an area of 97000 square meters.

STC station precedes the King Fahad District 2 station and succeeds Al Wurud 2 station on the Blue Line. On the Red Line, it comes before the Al Wurud station and after the At Takhassussi station.

Gerber Architekten won the competition for the metro station in 2012. Construction of the metro station began in 2014 and was slated to complete by 2019. In 2018, the Saudi Telecom Company was granted naming rights over the station and was thus renamed STC station.

Stc Group
The Saudi Telecom Company, (Arabic: شركة الاتصالات السعودية), trading as STC Group (stylised as stc), provides ICT services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, across the Middle East and Europe. The group offers landline and fixed infrastructure, mobile and data services, and broadband & cloud computing services. It also offers online payments, telecommunications, IOT, 5G,  e-gaming, cybersecurity, digital entertainment, and fintech.
Sunbasket
Sunbasket is a subscription meal delivery service that ships members fresh, sometimes organic, and sustainable ingredients and recipes every week, allowing them to cook their own meals. The company is headquartered in San Francisco, and operates two regional distribution centers in Morgan Hill, CA and Westampton, New Jersey. It is part of the meal kit industry.

Meal kit
A meal kit is a subscription service–foodservice business model where a company sends customers pre-portioned and sometimes partially prepared food ingredients and recipes to prepare home-cooked meals.  Services that send pre-cooked meals are called meal delivery services. This subscription model has been cited as an example of the personalization of the food and beverage industry.

A meal kit is not to be confused with convenience food, which is cooked and "prepared" at a kitchen facility before shipment—typically in a refrigerated container.
1863 Belgian general election
Partial general elections were held in Belgium on 9 June 1863. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 59 of the 116 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 33 of the 58 seats in the Senate. Voter turnout was 74.5%, although only 52,519 people were eligible to vote.

Under the alternating system, elections for the Chamber of Representatives were only held in five out of the nine provinces: Antwerp, Brabant, Luxembourg, Namur and West Flanders. Additionally, special elections were held in the arrondissements of Tournai, Ghent and Hasselt.

Namur Province
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a province of Wallonia, one of the three regions of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the West) on the Walloon provinces of Hainaut, Walloon Brabant, Liège and Luxembourg in Belgium, and the French department of Ardennes. Its capital and largest city is the city of Namur. As of January 2024, the province of Namur has a population of about 0.5 million.
Abadou
Abadou is a small town and rural commune in 
Al Haouz Province of the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 9905 people living in 1490 households.

Al Haouz Province
Al Haouz (Arabic: إقليم الحوز) is a province in the Moroccan economic region of Marrakesh-Safi. Its population in 2024 was 642,171.

The major cities and towns are:

Ait Ourir

Amizmiz

Ghmate

Lalla Takarkoust

My Brahim

Sidi Abdallah Ghiat

Tahannaout

Tameslouht

In September 2023 the province was the epicenter (31.073°N 8.407°W) of a violent magnitude 6.9 earthquake which upon first reports left over 2,800 people dead and more than 3,000 others injured.
Luwang Ningthou Punshiba
Luwang Ningthou Punshiba, shortly known as Luwang Punshiba (Old Manipuri: Luwang Punshipa), is a king of the Luwang dynasty of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak) civilization. He is best known as god of wisdom an had a long life  in Manipuri folklore and history of Manipur.

According to the Hijan Hirao and the Hirol, he is the originator of the Hiyang Tannaba (boat race) with the invention of the Hiyang Hiren (traditional boat).

Some historians opined that Luwang Ningthou Punshiba is the fourth descendant of Poireiton and he has nine wives.
Regarding relationship with the Meitei kings of the Ningthouja dynasty, Punshiba gave training of state craft and the art of governance to Naothingkhong (663 AD-763 AD) when he was a prince. Besides, the great-grandson of Luwang Ningthou Punshiba (from his first wife) married Meitei king Naothingkhong's's daughter.

However, he is also considered as a mythological divine figure in some literary works.

Ningthouja dynasty
The Ningthouja dynasty, also known as Mangang dynasty, comprises the descendants of the kings of Manipur. Ningthouja literally means progeny of King (Ningthou means king and cha or macha means progeny in which ja is a corrupted word of cha). It has 125 extended families. It was founded by King Nongdā Lāiren Pākhangba in 33 CE.
John Ash (writer)
John Ash (29 June 1948 – 3 December 2019) was an expatriate British poet and writer.

His lifelong interest in Byzantium (especially its architecture) was a major theme which ran through his poetry, fiction and travel writing, along with family, friends and the three major cities he has lived in. As well as his books (largely published by Carcanet), his work has appeared in The New Yorker, The New York Times, The Village Voice, The Washington Post and Paris Review.

Carcanet Press
Carcanet Press is a publisher, primarily of poetry, based in the United Kingdom. Originally a student magazine devised by undergraduates collaborating between Oxford and Cambridge, it was refounded in 1969 by Michael Schmidt.

In 2000 it was named the Sunday Times millennium Small Publisher of the Year.
Sagirov mansion
The Sagirov Mansion (Russian: Особняк Сагирова) is a building in Rostov-on-Don located at Liberty Square. It is constructed in the 1890s on the central square of the city of Nakhchivan-on-Don (nowadays as a part of Proletarsky district of Rostov-on-Don). The building has the status of an object of cultural heritage of regional value.

Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don, or simply Rostov, is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, 32 kilometers (20 mi) from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people and is an important cultural, educational, economic and logistical centre of Southern Russia.
Fred Carroll
Frederick Herbert Carroll (July 2, 1864 – November 7, 1904) was an American catcher and outfielder in Major League Baseball. From 1884 through 1891, he played with the Columbus Buckeyes (1884) and for the Pittsburgh teams Alleghenys (1885–89), Burghers (1890) and Pirates (1891). Carroll batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Sacramento, California.

American Association (1882–1891)
The American Association of Base Ball Clubs (AA) was a professional baseball league that existed for 10 seasons from 1882 to 1891. Together with the National League (NL), founded in 1876, the AA participated in an early version of the World Series seven times versus the champion of the NL in an interleague championship playoff tournament. At the end of its run, several AA franchises joined the NL. After 1891, the NL existed alone, with each season's champions being awarded the Temple Cup (1894–1897).

During its existence, the AA was often simply referred to as "the Association" in the media, in contrast to the NL, which was sometimes called "the League". It was also sometimes called the "Beer and Whiskey League".
Patones
Patones is a Spanish municipality in the region of the Comunidad de Madrid situated partly in the valley of the river Jarama and partly in the foothills of the Sierra de Guadarrama mountain range.

Although small, the town has its own council, and consists of two distinct settlements: The ancient hillside village (Upper) Patones Arriba and the modern (Lower) Patones Abajo on the plain below.

Altitude: 834 m

Extension: 35 km²

Distance from Madrid: 60 km

Population (in 1999) 368

According to an 18th-century travelogue quoted below, the name is believed to originate from the family name of the first settlers Patón, who were, reputedly refugees from Muslim invaders who established a private Christian Kingdom of Patones Alternatively, since  Iberian languages are of Latin origin the name may simply be derived from  patricius.

Jarama
Jarama (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈɾama]) is a river in central Spain. It flows north to south and passes east of Madrid where the El Atazar Dam is built on a tributary, the Lozoya River. It flows into the river Tagus in Aranjuez. The Manzanares is a tributary of the Jarama.