hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qendër Ersekë
Qendër Ersekë is a former municipality in the Korçë County, southeastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Kolonjë. The population at the 2011 census was 2,673. The municipal unit consists of the villages Starje, Bejkovë, Psar, Selenicë, Kreshovë, Gostivisht, Lëngës, Kodras, Kabash, Borovë, Taç Qëndër, Taç Poshtë, Taç Lartë, Rehovë, Gjonç and Prodan.

Borovë, Korçë
Borovë or Borova is a village in the Korçë County, Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Kolonjë.

During World War II forces of National Liberation Movement, led by Riza Kodheli fought against a German convoy, which was going to Greece. The Germans responded with the Massacre of Borovë, which occurred in the settlement on civilian population as a reprisal.
Michał Tyszkiewicz (Egyptologist)
Count Michał Tyszkiewicz (4 December 1828, in Wołożyn – 18 November 1897, in Rome) was a Polish nobleman, collector of antiquities and Egyptologist. He was a member of the Polish Tyszkiewicz family.

He first excavated at Luxor in 1861–1862 and revisited Egypt in 1867–1868, building up a collection during his travels. 
It is now split between different locations in Lithuania, Paris, London, Copenhagen, Berlin, Boston, Rome, and the Tyszkiewicz Palace at Lahojsk, Belarus. A small part of it remains in Poland in the National Museum in Warsaw.

Valozhyn
Valozhyn or Volozhin is a town in Minsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Valozhyn District. It is located 75 km (47 mi) northwest of the capital Minsk, on the Valozhynka River in the Neman River basin, and the beginning of the Naliboki forest. In 1995, its population was approximately 11,500. As of 2025, it has a population of 9,923.

Before World War II, about half the town's population were Jewish but they were murdered during the Holocaust.
Marco Gradenigo
Marco Gradenigo was a 13th-century Venetian nobleman, senior provincial administrator in the Venetian overseas empire and a military commander. He was involved in three major conflicts: the War of the Euboeote Succession, where Gradenigo organized a league of the lords of Latin Greece against the Principality of Achaea; the defence of the Latin Empire against the Empire of Nicaea, which failed with the Reconquest of Constantinople by the Nicaeans during Gradenigo's tenure as Podestà of Constantinople; and the naval operations of the War of Saint Sabas against the Republic of Genoa.

Principality of Achaea
The Principality of Achaea (/əˈkiːə/) or Principality of Morea was one of the vassal states of the Latin Empire, which replaced the Byzantine Empire after the capture of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade. It became a vassal of the Kingdom of Thessalonica, along with the Duchy of Athens, until Thessalonica was captured by Epirus in 1224. After this, Achaea became the dominant power in Greece, lasting continuously for 227 years and cumulatively for 229.
Conodont biostratigraphy
Conodonts are an extinct class of animals whose feeding apparatuses called teeth or elements are common microfossils found in strata dating from the Stage 10 of the Furongian, the fourth and final series of the Cambrian, to the Rhaetian stage of the Late Triassic. These elements can be used alternatively to or in correlation with other types of fossils (graptolites, trilobites, ammonites, ...) in the subfield of the stratigraphy named biostratigraphy.

Norian
The Norian is a division of the Triassic Period. It has the rank of an age (geochronology) or stage (chronostratigraphy). It lasted from ~227.3 to 205.7 million years ago. It was preceded by the Carnian and succeeded by the Rhaetian.
Gino Gradkowski
Gino Gradkowski (born November 5, 1988) is an American football coach and former center. He is the offensive coordinator and offensive line coach for Rowan University, positions he has held since 2024. He was recently the offensive line coach for the St. Louis Battlehawks of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football at the University of Delaware. He was selected by the Baltimore Ravens in the fourth round of the 2012 NFL draft.

Rowan University
Rowan University is a public research university in Glassboro, New Jersey, United States. Founded in 1923 as Glassboro Normal School on a 25-acre (10 ha) site donated by 107 residents, the school was known as Glassboro State College from 1958 until 1992 and Rowan College of New Jersey from 1992 to 1997. It also operates a medical campus in Stratford, and medical and academic campuses in Camden.

The university includes 14 colleges and schools with a total enrollment (undergraduate, graduate, and professional studies) of just over 19,600 students. Rowan offers bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degree programs. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame
The Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame honors distinguished members of Wisconsin's sports history. The Hall of Fame hosts several annual events, including an induction ceremony to honor new members, nomination luncheons, speaker series breakfasts and more. Bronze commemorative plaques honoring the members of the Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame, including Hank Aaron, Vince Lombardi, Oscar Robertson, Bart Starr and others, are displayed in the Wisconsin Athletic Walk of Fame promenade in downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Bo Ryan
William Francis "Bo" Ryan Jr. (born December 20, 1947) is an American former college basketball coach.  He was the head coach of the Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball team of the University of Wisconsin–Madison from 2001 to December 2015.  Ryan served as the head men's basketball coach at the University of Wisconsin–Platteville from 1984 to 1999 and at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee from 1999 to 2001. His overall collegiate coaching record was 747–233.  Ryan was inducted into the College Basketball Hall of Fame in 2017 and the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2024.
Motorsports Hall of Fame
There are numerous Motorsports Hall of Fames:

Auto Racing Hall of Fame - United States

Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame - Canada

FIA Hall of Fame - Global

International Motorsports Hall of Fame - autoracers from around the world

Motorcycle Hall of Fame - United States

Motorsports Hall of Fame of America - United States

NASCAR Hall of Fame - United States

National Dirt Late Model Hall of Fame - United States

National Midget Auto Racing Hall of Fame - United States

National Sprint Car Hall of Fame & Museum - United States

Off-road Motorsports Hall of Fame - off-road racers from around the world

SCCA Hall of Fame - Sports Car Club of America, United States

Motorcycle Hall of Fame
The AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame Museum is an offshoot of the American Motorcyclist Association, recognizing individuals who have contributed to motorcycle sport, motorcycle construction, or motorcycling in general. It also displays motorcycles, riding gear, and memorabilia in two floors of exhibits. The American Motorcyclist Association board began planning the museum c. 1998.

The museum is located in Pickerington, Ohio, United States.
Andorran Constitution of 1934
The Andorran Constitution of 1934 was purported to be the first fundamental rule of Andorra, drafted by the pretender Boris I of Andorra and the Catalan Ombudsman Pere Torras in 1934. The Constitution consisted of 17 articles and for the first time in Andorra, they introduced political freedom, freedom of religion, freedom of press, freedom of movement and freedom of thought. The king was in charge of directing the army and representing the country abroad. The document established a timid division of powers by giving parliament the power to pass laws, although the monarch could veto them.

Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually legislation, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinct and clearly articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each branch. To put this model into practice, government is divided into structurally independent branches to perform various functions (most often a legislature, a judiciary and an administration, sometimes known as the trias politica). When each function is allocated strictly to one branch, a government is described as having a high degree of separation; whereas, when one person or branch plays a significant part in the exercise of more than one function, this represents a fusion of powers. When one branch holds unlimited state power and delegates its powers to other organs as it sees fit, as is the case in communist states, that is called unified power.
Louise, Princess Reuss of Greiz
Wilhelmine Louise, Princess Reuss of Greiz, born as Princess Wilhelmine Luise of Nassau-Weilburg (28 September 1765, in The Hague – 10 October 1837, in Greiz) was a German princess. She was a Princess consort of Reuss of Greiz from 1800 until 1817, and was the daughter of Prince Charles Christian, Duke of Nassau-Weilburg, and Carolina of Orange-Nassau, daughter of William IV, Prince of Orange.

Greiz
Greiz (/ɡraɪts/ gryts; German pronunciation: [ɡʁaɪts] ⓘ) is a town in the state of Thuringia, Germany, and is the capital of the district of Greiz. Greiz is situated in eastern Thuringia, 100 kilometres (62 miles) east of the state capital Erfurt, on the White Elster river.

Greiz has a large park in its centre (Fürstlich Greizer Park) which is classified as an English garden. Thomasstraße, Burgstraße, Marktstraße, Waldstraße, and Leonhardtstraße, with their Jugendstil houses, are well-known examples of that architectural style.
Ilya Rosliakov
Ilya Sergeyevich Rosliakov (Russian: Илья Серге́евич Росляков) (born February 18, 1983, in Murmansk) is a Russian ski jumper who has been competing since 2003. At the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, he finished 10th in the team large hill and 44th in the individual large hill events.

Rosliakov's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was sixth in the team large hill event at Sapporo in 2007.

His best individual World Cup finish was 12th in an individual large hill in Austria in 2004.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2007
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2007 took place 22 February – 4 March 2007 in Sapporo, Japan. It was the second time this city has hosted these championships, having previously done so in the 1972 Winter Olympics.  Sapporo was selected as venue by vote at the 43rd FIS World Congress in Portorož, Slovenia, on 6 June 2002. It also marked the third time the championships were hosted outside Europe in a year that did not coincide with the Winter Olympics; it was the first championship held in Asia. The ski jumping team normal hill event was not held, as it had been in 2005.
Boccia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Team BC1–2
The Boccia Team BC1-2 event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was held in the Olympic Green Convention Center on 10–12 September. The preliminary stages consisted of 4 round-robin groups of 3 competitors each. The top two teams in each group qualified for the final stages. The event was won by the team representing  Great Britain.

China National Convention Center
The China National Convention Center, previously known as the Olympic Green Convention Center (simplified Chinese: 国家会议中心; traditional Chinese: 國家會議中心; pinyin: Guójiā Huìyì Zhōngxīn) is a convention center located in the Olympic Green in Beijing.
Dicalcium ruthenate
Dicalcium ruthenate, commonly referred to as calcium ruthenate with the chemical formula Ca2RuO4, is a stoichiometric oxide compound that hosts a multi-orbital (band) Mott insulating ground state as it exhibits strong coupling between lattice, spin and orbital degrees of freedom. For this reason, Ca2RuO4 serves as an important "meeting-point" between conceptual developments of strongly correlated multi-band physics and advanced experimental spectroscopies. Its electronic structure and also orbital magnetism are therefore subjects of experimental and theoretical scrutiny. Ca2RuO4 belongs to the Ruddlesden–Popper family of layered perovskites (n = 1), consisting of RuO6 octahedral sheets separated by rock-salt CaO layers.

Cubic crystal system
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.

There are three main varieties of these crystals:

Primitive cubic (abbreviated cP and alternatively called simple cubic)

Body-centered cubic (abbreviated cI or bcc)

Face-centered cubic (abbreviated cF or fcc)

Note: the term fcc is often used synonymously for the cubic close-packed or ccp structure occurring in metals. However, fcc stands for a face-centered cubic Bravais lattice, which is not necessarily close-packed when a motif is set onto the lattice points. E.g. the diamond and the zincblende lattices are fcc but not close-packed.
Each is subdivided into other variants listed below. Although the unit cells in these crystals are conventionally taken to be cubes, the primitive unit cells often are not.
Oxford, Michigan
Oxford is a village in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, Oxford had a population of 3,492. The village is located within Oxford Township. Located about 30 miles (48 km) north of Detroit, it is a northern suburb of the Metro Detroit region.

Metro Detroit
Metro Detroit is a major metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Michigan, consisting of the city of Detroit and over 200 municipalities in the surrounding area. There are varied definitions of the area, including the official statistical areas designated by the Office of Management and Budget, a federal agency of the United States.

Metro Detroit is known for its automotive heritage, arts, entertainment, popular music, food, cultural diversity, and sports. The area includes a variety of natural landscapes, parks, and beaches, with a recreational coastline linking the Great Lakes. Metro Detroit also has one of the largest metropolitan economies in the U.S. with 17 Fortune 500 companies.
Pflasterspektakel
The Pflasterspektakel (pronounced [ˈpflastɐʃpɛkˌtakl̩], German for pavement spectacle) is an annual street art festival in Linz, the capital of Upper Austria. It includes musical acts, juggling, acrobatics, pantomime, improvisational theatre, clownery, fire dancing, painting, samba parades, as well as a programme for children, and is held on three days in July in and around the main square and the Landstraße. In 2010, about 400 artists from over forty nations participated in the event.

Upper Austria
Upper Austria (German: Oberösterreich [ˈoːbɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ; Bavarian: Obaöstareich; Czech: Horní Rakousy [ˈɦorɲiː ˈrakousɪ]) is one of the nine states of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of 11,982 km2 (4,626 sq mi) and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population.
Legionville
Legionville (or Legion Ville) was the first formal basic training facility for the military of the United States. The camp, which was established in winter 1792 under the command of Major General Anthony Wayne, was near present-day Baden, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Pittsburgh. It was used to train the soldiers which would become the Legion of the United States.

Throughout the winter of 1792-93, existing troops along with new recruits were drilled in military skills, tactics and discipline. The following spring the newly named Legion of the United States left Legionville for the Northwest Indian War, a struggle between American Indian tribes affiliated with the Western Confederacy in the area north of the Ohio River.

The overwhelmingly successful campaign was concluded with the decisive victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers on August 20, 1794. The training the troops received at Legionville was seen as instrumental to this victory.

Military recruit training
Military recruit training, commonly known as basic training or boot camp, refers to the initial instruction of new military personnel. It is a physically and psychologically intensive process, which resocializes its subjects for the unique demands of military employment.
Mauri Pekkarinen
Reijo Mauri Matias Pekkarinen (born 6 October 1947, in Kinnula, Finland) is a Finnish politician. He most recently served as a Member of European Parliament for Finland between 2019 and 2024. He is the Centre Party of Finland (Suomen Keskusta) deputy and secretary, having served in various cabinet position in the Finnish government, including as  Minister of Economic Affairs, Minister of Trade and Industry, and Minister of the Interior, as well as a member of parliament. He is known by the nickname "The Parliament Terrier".

Terrier
Terrier (from Latin  terra 'earth') is a type of dog originally bred to hunt vermin. A terrier is a dog of any one of many breeds or landraces of the terrier type, which are typically small, wiry, game, and fearless.  There are five different groups of terrier, with each group having different shapes and sizes.
Bonnes, Charente
Bonnes (French pronunciation: [bɔn]; Occitan: Bona) is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France, close to the border with the Dordogne department.  It is located about 50 km west of Périgueux on the river Dronne.

Dordogne
Dordogne (UK: /dɔːrˈdɔɪn/ dor-DOYN, US: /dɔːrˈdoʊn/ dor-DOHN or /dɔːrˈdɔːnjə/ dor-DAWN-yə; French: [dɔʁdɔɲ] ⓘ; Occitan: Dordonha [duɾˈduɲɔ]) is a large rural department in southwest France, with its prefecture in Périgueux. Located in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region roughly half-way between the Loire Valley and the Pyrenees, it is named after the river Dordogne, which runs through it. It corresponds roughly to the ancient county of Périgord. In January 2023, Dordogne had a population of 412,807.
Perfluorotributylamine
Perfluorotributylamine (PFTBA), also referred to as FC43, is an organic compound with the chemical formula N(CF2CF2CF2CF3)3. It is a colorless liquid. A molecule of this chemical compound consists of three butyl groups connected to one nitrogen atom, in which all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced with fluorine atoms. The compound is produced for the electronics industry, along with other perfluoroalkylamines. The high degree of fluorination significantly reduces the basicity of the central amine due to electron-withdrawing effects.

Butyl group
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula −C4H9, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane.

The isomer n-butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups:

If it connects at one of the two terminal carbon atoms, it is normal butyl or n-butyl: −CH2−CH2−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butyl)

If it connects at one of the non-terminal (internal) carbon atoms, it is secondary butyl or sec-butyl: −CH(CH3)−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butan-2-yl)

The second isomer of butane, isobutane, can also connect in two ways, giving rise to two additional groups:

If it connects at one of the three terminal carbons, it is isobutyl: −CH2−CH(CH3)2 (preferred IUPAC name: 2-methylpropyl)

If it connects at the central carbon, it is tertiary butyl, tert-butyl or t-butyl: −C(CH3)3 (preferred IUPAC name: tert-butyl)
Heinrich Limpricht
Heinrich Limpricht  (21 April 1827 – 13 May 1909) was a German chemist. Limpricht was a pupil of Friedrich Wöhler; he worked on the chemistry of furans and pyrroles, discovering furan in 1870.

In 1852 he became lecturer and in 1855 extraordinary professor at the University of Göttingen. In 1860, he became ordinary professor at the Institute for Organic Chemistry at the University of Greifswald. His oldest daughter Marie (1856-1925) married in 1875 to Protestant theologian Julius Wellhausen.

Rudolph Fittig and Hans von Pechmann were two of Limpricht's notable pupils.

University of Greifswald
The University of Greifswald (German: [ˈɡʁaɪfsvalt]; German: Universität Greifswald), formerly known as Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, is a public research university located in Greifswald, Germany, in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Founded in 1456, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe, with generations of notable alumni and staff having studied or worked in Greifswald. As the fourth oldest university in present Germany, it was temporarily also the oldest university of the Kingdoms of Sweden (1648–1815) and Prussia (1815–1945), respectively. Approximately two-thirds of the 10,179 students are from outside the state, including international students from 90 countries all over the world.
Ucayali River
The Ucayali River (Spanish: Río Ucayali, IPA: [ˈri.o wkaˈʝali]) is the main headstream of the Amazon River. It rises about 110 km (68 mi) north of Lake Titicaca, in the Arequipa region of Peru and becomes the Amazon at the confluence of the Marañón close to Nauta city. The city of Pucallpa is located on the banks of the Ucayali.

Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca (/tɪtɪˈkɑːkə/; Spanish: Lago Titicaca [ˈlaɣo titiˈkaka]; Quechua: Titiqaqa and Aymara: Titiqaqa) is a large lake in the Andes mountains on the border of Bolivia and Peru. It is often called the highest navigable lake in the world. It is often listed as a freshwater lake, though its waters are slightly brackish.  Titicaca is the largest lake in South America, both in terms of the volume of water and surface area. It is the 18th largest lake in the world.  It has a surface elevation of 3,812 m (12,507 ft).
Sweetpea (TV series)
Sweetpea is a British dark comedy drama television series created by Kirstie Swain, based on the 2017 novel by CJ Skuse. It stars Ella Purnell in the lead role and premiered on 10 October 2024 on Sky Atlantic. In December 2024, it was renewed for a second series.

Tamsin Greig
Tamsin Margaret Mary Greig (/ˈtæmzɪn ˈɡrɛɡ/; born 12 July 1966) is a British actress. She is known for both dramatic and comedic roles. She played Fran Katzenjammer in the Channel 4 sitcom Black Books, Dr Caroline Todd in the Channel 4 sitcom Green Wing, Beverly Lincoln in British–American sitcom Episodes and Jackie Goodman in the Channel 4 sitcom Friday Night Dinner. Other roles include Alice Chenery in BBC One's comedy-drama series Love Soup, Debbie Aldridge in BBC Radio 4's soap opera The Archers, Miss Bates in the 2009 BBC version of Jane Austen's Emma, and Beth Hardiment in the 2010 film version of Tamara Drewe. In 2020, Greig starred as Anne Trenchard in Julian Fellowes' ITV series Belgravia.

Greig is also a stage actress: she won a Laurence Olivier Award in 2007 for Much Ado About Nothing and received nominations in 2011 and 2015 for her roles in The Little Dog Laughed and Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown.