hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chaoyangchuan
Chaoyangchuan is a town in Yanji, Yanbian, Jilin, China. It has a total population of 54,000 and an area of 393 sq km. 65% of the population is Korean.

Chaoyangchuan is divided into the following divisions:

Residential communities:

Shengli Community (胜利社区)

Wenhua Community (文化社区)

Chunguang Community (春光社区)

Chaoyang Community (朝阳社区)

Heping Community (和平社区)

Villages:

Jicheng Village (​吉成村)

Qinlao Village (勤劳村)

Taidong Village (太东村)

Guangshi Village (光石村)

Dexin Village (德新村)

Hexing Village (合成村)

Sanfeng Village (三峰村)

Sancheng Village (​三成村)

Dongfeng Village (​东丰村)

Changqing Village (长青村)

Guangrong Village (​光荣村)

Chaoyang Village (朝阳村)

Longsheng Village (龙盛村)

Liuxin Village (柳新村)

Hengdao Village (​横道村)

Zhongping Village (仲坪村)

Taixing Village (​太兴村)

Badao Village (八道村)

Changsheng Village (长胜村)

Pingdao Village (​平道村)

Koreans
Koreans are an East Asian ethnic group native to the Korean Peninsula. The majority of Koreans live in the two Korean sovereign states of North and South Korea, which are collectively referred to as Korea. As of 2021, an estimated 7.3 million ethnic Koreans resided outside of Korea. Koreans are also an officially recognised ethnic minority in other several Continental and East Asian countries, including China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Uzbekistan. Outside of Continental and East Asia, sizeable Korean communities have formed in Germany, the United Kingdom, France, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
1988 WFA Cup final
The 1988 WFA Cup Final was the 18th final of the WFA Cup, England's primary cup competition for women's football teams. The showpiece event was played under the auspices of the Women's Football Association (WFA). Doncaster Belles and Leasowe Pacific contested the match on 1 May 1988 at Gresty Road, the home stadium of Crewe Alexandra. Doncaster ended up winning the game 3–1.

Women's Football Association
The Women's Football Association (WFA) was the governing body of women's football in England. It was formed in 1969 and was disbanded in 1993, as responsibility for overseeing all aspects of the game of women's football in England passed to the Football Association.
Thomas Somers (sailor)
Thomas Somers (7 April 1909 – 17 March 1984) was a British sailor. He competed in the Dragon event at the 1952 Summer Olympics sailing Sabre, Dragon Sail Number K215, Camper and Nicholsons yard number 750.

Camper and Nicholsons
Camper and Nicholson is a yacht design and manufacturing company based in Gosport, England, for over two hundred years, constructing many significant vessels, such as Gipsy Moth IV and Prince Philip's yacht Bloodhound. Its customers included Thomas Sopwith, William Kissam Vanderbilt II and George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough. Its yachts competed in The America's Cup, The Fastnet Race, the Olympics, the Ocean Race (Whitbread Round the World Race) and many other yacht races. It also built a number of small warships (for the British Admiralty as well as overseas buyers), notably during the two World Wars, and some as late as the 1950s.
Jánský Vrch
Jánský Vrch (German: Schloß Johannesberg) is a castle located in the Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. The castle stands on a hill above the town of Javorník in the north-western edge of Czech Silesia, in area what was a part of the Duchy of Nysa. For most of its history the castle belonged to the Prince-bishops of Breslau (Wrocław) in Silesia.

Duchy of Nysa
The Duchy of Nysa (Polish: Księstwo Nyskie, Czech: Niské knížectví) or Duchy of Neisse (German: Herzogtum Neisse) was one of the duchies of Silesia with its capital at Nysa in Lower Silesia. Alongside the Duchy of Siewierz, it was the only ecclesiastical duchy in the Silesian region, as it was ruled by a bishop of the Catholic Church. Nowadays its territory is divided between Poland and the Czech Republic.
The Passenger (Boschwitz novel)
The Passenger is a 1938 novel by Ulrich Alexander Boschwitz published by Henry Holt under the imprint Metropolitan Books. Initially unsuccessful, its 2021 re-release gained critical acclaim for its ability to capture the zeitgeist of Jewish persecution in Nazi Germany.

Imprint (trade name)
An imprint of a publisher is a trade name under which it publishes a work. A single publishing company may have multiple imprints, often using the different names as brands to market works to various demographic consumer segments.
Yanping Township
22°40′26″N 120°39′47″E﻿ / ﻿22.67389°N 120.66306°E﻿ / 22.67389; 120.66306

Yanping Township (Chinese: 延平鄉; pinyin: Yánpíng Xiāng) is a mountain indigenous township in Taitung County, Taiwan. The main population is the Bunun people of the Taiwanese aborigines.

Township (Taiwan)
Townships are the third-level administrative subdivisions of counties of the Republic of China (Taiwan), along with county-administered cities. After World War II, the townships were established from the following conversions on the Japanese administrative divisions:

Although local laws do not enforce strict standards for classifying them, generally urban townships have a larger population and more business and industry than rural townships, but not to the extent of county-administered cities. Under townships, there is also the village as the base/fourth level of administration.

As of 2022, there are in all 184 townships, including 38 urban townships, 122 rural townships and 24 mountain indigenous townships. 174 townships with 35 urban and 115 rural townships are located in Taiwan Province and 10 townships with 3 urban and 7 rural townships are located in Fujian Province. Penghu and Lienchiang are the only two counties that do not have urban townships.
Cartazolate
Cartazolate (SQ-65,396) is a drug of the pyrazolopyridine class. It acts as a GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator at the barbiturate binding site of the complex and has anxiolytic effects in animals. It is also known to act as an adenosine antagonist at the A1 and A2 subtypes and as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Cartazolate was tested in human clinical trials and was found to be efficacious for anxiety but was never marketed. It was developed by a team at E.R. Squibb and Sons in the 1970s.

Adenosine
Adenosine (symbol A) is an organic compound that occurs widely in nature in the form of diverse derivatives. The molecule consists of an adenine attached to a ribose via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Adenosine is one of the four nucleoside building blocks of RNA (and its derivative deoxyadenosine is a building block of DNA), which are essential for all life on Earth. Its derivatives include the energy carriers adenosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate, also known as AMP/ADP/ATP. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is pervasive in signal transduction. Adenosine is used as an intravenous medication for some cardiac arrhythmias.

Adenosyl (abbreviated Ado or 5'-dAdo) is the chemical group formed by removal of the 5′-hydroxy (OH) group. It is found in adenosylcobalamin (an active form of vitamin B12) and as a radical in the radical SAM enzymes.
First Nebraska Bank
First Nebraska Bank is a state-chartered commercial bank headquartered in Valley, Nebraska.  Founded in 1885, First Nebraska Bank is one of the oldest banking companies in Nebraska, with over $259 million in assets as of December 31, 2012. The bank has ten branches in Nebraska, with locations in Arcadia, Bennet, Brainard, Columbus, Decatur, Emerson, Nebraska City, Stanton, Valley, and Weeping Water.  Primary federal oversight for the bank is provided by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, while state oversight is provided by the Nebraska Department of Banking and Finance.

Emerson, Nebraska
Emerson is a village in Dakota, Dixon, and Thurston counties in Nebraska, United States. The population was 840 at the 2010 census. Emerson is the only community in Nebraska that exists in three counties.
Thomas Henry Bolton
Thomas Henry Bolton (February 1841 – 24 September 1916) was an English solicitor and a Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1885 and 1895.

Bolton was born at Clerkenwell, the son of  Thomas Bolton. He was admitted a solicitor 1869 and became a partner in the firm of Bolton & Mote, of Gray's Inn, London.

Bolton was elected at the 1885 general election as Member of Parliament (MP) for St Pancras North, but lost the seat in the 1886 general election. He regained the seat in a by election in 1890 after his successor succeeded to the peerage, and was re-elected in 1892, but did not stand again at the 1895 general election.

Bolton lived at South Binns, Heathfield, Sussex, and died at the age of 75.

Bolton married Elizabeth Ann Wegg in 1861.

1885 United Kingdom general election
The 1885 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 November to 18 December 1885. The first general election after an extension of the franchise and redistribution of seats, it saw the Liberals lose their majority.

The election saw the Liberals, led by William Gladstone, win the most seats, but not an overall majority, so a minority government was necessary. The Irish Nationalists held the balance of power between the Liberals and the Conservatives who sat with a large number of allied Unionist MPs (their name referred to their support for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland). The pressure of minority government status exacerbated divisions within the Liberals over Irish Home Rule. This led to a Liberal split that caused another general election the following year.

The 1885 election saw the first socialist party participate, with the Social Democratic Federation led by H. M. Hyndman standing three candidates. None were elected.
Abdul Latif Romly
Datuk Abdul Latif bin Romly (born 31 March 1997) is a Malaysian Paralympic athlete who broke T20 long jump world record 3 times on the same day and won Malaysia's third gold medal on 11 September at the 2016 Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro. He also won the gold medal in the men's long jump T20 event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics held in Tokyo, Japan. He is Malaysia's most decorated Paralympian.

Malay styles and titles
The Malay language has a complex system of styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore.

Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent.

In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man.
Rotary evaporator
A rotary evaporator (rotovap) is a device used in chemical laboratories for the efficient and gentle removal of solvents from samples by evaporation. When referenced in the chemistry research literature, description of the use of this technique and equipment may include the phrase "rotary evaporator", though use is often rather signaled by other language (e.g., "the sample was evaporated under reduced pressure").

Rotary evaporators are also used in molecular cooking for the preparation of distillates and extracts.

A simple rotary evaporator system was invented by Lyman C. Craig. It was first commercialized by the Swiss company Büchi in 1957. The device separates substances with different boiling points, and greatly simplifies work in chemistry laboratories. In research the most common size accommodates round-bottom flasks of a few liters, whereas large scale (20- to 50-liter) versions are used in pilot plants in commercial chemical operations.

Molecular gastronomy
Molecular gastronomy is the scientific approach of cuisine from primarily the perspective of chemistry. The composition (molecular structure), properties (mass, viscosity, etc) and transformations (chemical reactions, reactant products) of an ingredient are addressed and utilized in the preparation and appreciation of the ingested products. It is a branch of food science that approaches the preparation and enjoyment of nutrition from the perspective of a scientist at the scale of atoms, molecules, and mixtures.

Nicholas Kurti, Hungarian physicist, and Hervé This, at the INRA in France, coined "Molecular and Physical Gastronomy" in 1988.
Panorama (ski course)
Panorama is a women's World Cup technical ski course on Zauberberg mountain in Semmering, Lower Austria, opened in 1995. Slope has maximum incline at 27 degrees (51%).

Mikaela Shiffrin won record 8 races in total; record 4 wins in giant slalom and record 4 wins in slalom.

Mikaela Shiffrin
Mikaela Pauline Shiffrin (born March 13, 1995) is an American alpine skier. Shiffrin is the most decorated American alpine skier in World Championships history. She has the most World Cup wins of any alpine skier in history (men or women) and is the only one to have reached the milestone of 100 victories. She is a three-time Olympic gold medalist, four time Olympic medalist, an eight-time World Championships gold medalist (including four titles in slalom), a five-time overall World Cup champion, and a nine-time winner of the World Cup slalom discipline title. Shiffrin, at 18 years and 345 days, became the youngest slalom gold medalist in Olympic history in 2014.

Shiffrin won her eighth career Alpine world championships gold medal on February 11, 2025, taking her overall tally to 15 medals from 18 career world championship races, and making Shiffrin the most successful skier in the modern era. She was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by Time magazine in 2023.
Millsite Lake
Millsite Lake is located by Chapel Corners, New York. The water from adjacent Sixberry Lake flows into Millsite Lake. Fish species present in the lake are northern pike, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, lake trout, landlocked salmon, walleye, yellow perch, rock bass, and bluegill. There is a state owned beach launch on the lake off Cottage Hill Road.

Smallmouth bass
The smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) is a species of freshwater fish in the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) of the order Centrarchiformes. It is the type species of its genus Micropterus (black basses), and is a popular game fish sought by anglers throughout the temperate zones of North America, and has been spread by stocking —as well as illegal introductions—to many cool-water tributaries and lakes in Canada and more so introduced in the United States. The maximum recorded size is approximately 27 inches (69 cm) and 12 pounds (5.4 kg).

The smallmouth bass is native to the upper and middle Mississippi River basin, the Saint Lawrence River–Great Lakes system, the Champlain Valley, and the Hudson Bay basin. Its common names include smallmouth, bronzeback, brown bass, brownie, smallie, bronze bass, and bareback bass.
Barry Tabobondung
Barry Tabobondung (April 3, 1961 – July 11, 2000) was an Ojibwa Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman and left winger. He was drafted in the third round, 47th overall by the Philadelphia Flyers in the 1981 NHL Entry Draft. In his professional career he played in the American Hockey League (AHL), the International Hockey League (IHL), the Atlantic Coast Hockey League (ACHL), and its successor, the ECHL.

International Hockey League
The International Hockey League (IHL) was a minor professional ice hockey league in the United States and Canada that operated from 1945 to 2001. The IHL served as the National Hockey League (NHL)'s alternate farm system to the American Hockey League (AHL). After 56 years of operation, financial instability led to the league's demise. Six of the surviving seven teams merged into the AHL in 2001.
Melvin Stephens Jr.
Melvin "Mel" Stephens Jr. is an American economist and professor of economics and public policy in the economics department and the Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan.  He is also a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, and a member of the Academic Research Council of the U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. His research is in the areas of displaced workers, household consumption, and retirement decisions. He has been nominated as an officer of the American Economic Association.

National Bureau of Economic Research
The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is an American private nonprofit research organization "committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community." The NBER is known for proposing start and end dates for recessions in the United States.

Many chairpersons of the Council of Economic Advisers were previously NBER research associates, including the former NBER president and Harvard professor Martin Feldstein. The NBER's current president and CEO is James M. Poterba of MIT.
Mark Rowley (rugby union)
Mark Andrew Rowley (born 8 November 1964) is a Welsh former rugby union international who was capped in six Tests for Wales. He is a former chairman and general manager of Wales Rugby League.

Born in Pontypridd, Rowley was a long time servant of Pontypridd RFC, who became the first player to reach 100 Heineken League games. He also had a stint with Cardiff RFC in the late 1980s.

Rowley, a lock, was 32 years of age by the time he was called up to debut for Wales. He had previously been approached by Ireland selectors, as he would qualify through his Irish grandmother, but turned them down due to the long qualification period that would be involved. His first Wales cap came against the touring Springboks in 1996 and he played in three of Wales' four matches in their 1997 Five Nations Championship campaign.

1997 Five Nations Championship
The 1997 Five Nations Championship was the sixty-eighth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the hundred-and-third series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played over five weekends from 18 January to 15 March, the crucial match being in Weekend 4 where England inexplicably threw away a 20–6 lead at Twickenham with quarter of the match to go and were pipped by France. France went on to win their first Grand Slam in ten years; England defeated the other Home Nations by large margins to win the Triple Crown. It was the last time that France played at the Parc des Princes, in Paris. Since then, the French team has been playing in the Stade de France, also in Paris.
Richard L. Zettler
Richard L. Zettler (born 1949) is an American archaeologist of Early Bronze-Age Mesopotamia, with special interests in urban development and the organization of complex societies.  At the University of Pennsylvania, he is a professor in the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations at the University of Pennsylvania and serves as Associate Curator-in-Charge of the Penn Museum’s Near East section.  Working in partnership with colleagues from the University of Mosul and with Iraq’s State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, Zettler secured a three-year grant from the U.S. State Department in 2018 to identify and where possible to restore historic structures damaged by the Islamic State (ISIS) fighters who held Mosul from 2014 to 2017. This project has since expanded into the Mosul Heritage Stabilization Program (MHSP), which has also received funds from the Swiss foundation known as the International Alliance for the Protection of Heritage in Conflict Areas (ALIPH).

University of Mosul
The University of Mosul (Arabic: جامعة الموصل) is a public university located in Mosul. It is one of the largest educational and research centers in the Middle East, and the second largest in Iraq, behind the University of Baghdad.

The University of Mosul was closed by ISIS (Islamic State) in 2014 but reopened just after a few months with new buildings and courses. Over 8,000 books in its library were believed to have been destroyed. The university was considered to have been used as a base by ISIS and was hit by Combined Joint Task Force airstrikes in March 2016. Iraqi forces recaptured it in January 2017.
2024 Hall of Fame Open
The 2024 Hall of Fame Open (also known as the Infosys Hall of Fame Open for sponsorship reasons) was a men's professional tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 48th and final edition of the tournament as an ATP 250 event on the 2024 ATP Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, United States, from July 15 through July 21, 2024. Marcos Giron won the singles final, defeating Alex Michelsen to claim his first ATP Tour title. André Göransson and Sem Verbeek won the doubles title with victory over Robert Cash and JJ Tracy in the final.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
Alejandro Vivanco Sepúlveda
Alejandro Vivanco Sepúlveda (12 August 1909 – 6 August 1988) was a Chilean lawyer, banker and parliamentarian affiliated with the Radical Party.

He served two consecutive terms as a member of the Chamber of Deputies between 1945 and 1953, representing the south-central districts of Chile.

Linares, Chile
Linares is a Chilean city and commune located in the Maule Region and lies in the fertile Chilean Central Valley, 303 km (188 mi) south of Santiago and 50 km (31 mi) south of Talca, the regional capital. Linares is the capital city of the province of Linares.
Cartel seat (monument)
Cartel seats as monuments were the headquarters or other premises of historical, no longer existing cartels in the sense of a group of cooperating, but potentially also rival enterprises. Often, these associations had been syndicate cartels, being an advanced form of entrepreneurial combination because of their tight organization with a common sales agency. The cartel buildings had been used for secretariats, meeting rooms, sales offices, advertising agencies, research departments and further more. Many such historical buildings can still be found in Europe and the United States.

Holm Arno Leonhardt
Holm Arno Leonhardt (sometimes abbreviated to Holm A. Leonhardt; born 12 October 1952) is a German scientist in the fields of International Relations and economic history, especially in the realm of cartel history and theory. He was born in Manila (Philippines) the son of Brigitte and Arno Leonhardt. Arno became a German expatriate since 1930, moving up the career ladder from accountant to vice director in the branch office of an American paper machine company in Manila. Brigitte came from a liberal merchant family in Saxony (Germany) holding critical distance to the Nazi regime.
Erica thomae
Erica thomae, the flypaper heath, is a plant belonging to the genus Erica and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Kogelberg. The plant is considered rare and the habitat is not threatened.

Kogelberg
The Kogelberg is a mountain range along the  False Bay coast in the Western Cape of South Africa. Part of the Cape Fold Belt, it extends from  south of the Elgin valley to Kleinmond.

The Kogelberg area has the steepest and highest drop directly into the ocean of any southern African coastal stretch.