hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German Youth Hostel Association
The German Youth Hostel Association (German: Deutsches Jugendherbergswerk) or DJH is a non-profit registered organization (eingetragener Verein). It was founded in 1919 to provide affordable and safe accommodation for travellers, especially schools, youth groups and individuals across Germany. Today, with 438 youth hostels, it caters to schools, youth groups and are also open to anyone else seeking an alternative to hotels like families, backpackers, business travellers, etc. Through the state (Bundesland) associations, it is the representative of the 438 youth hostels in Germany (as at 2021) and thus the largest member of the international youth association, Hostelling International (HI). The headquarters has its seat in Detmold, it operates through 14 state associations and 178 local and county volunteer associations. It has about 2.38 million members.

The German Youth Hostel Association is a member of the European Movement Germany.

Registered association (Germany)
An eingetragener Verein (German: [ˈaɪnɡəˌtʁaːɡənɐ fɛɐˈʔaɪn]; lit. 'registrated association'), abbreviated e.V. (German: [ˌeːˈfaʊ] ⓘ), is a legal status for a registered voluntary association in Germany. While any group may be called a Verein, registration as eingetragener Verein confers many legal benefits, because it confers the status of a juridical person rather than just a group of individuals. The legal status must be mentioned in the name as well. Like certain other corporate bodies, an eingetragener Verein can apply for the status of a charitable organization (Gemeinnützigkeit).
Punia
Punia can refer to:

Settlements

Punia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, a city
Punia Airport
Punia Territory

Punia, Lithuania, a town

People

Bajrang Punia (born 1994), an Indian politician and former freestyle wrestler

Deepak Punia (cricketer) (born 1993), an Indian former cricketer

Deepak Punia (wrestler) (born 1999), an Indian freestyle wrestler

K. R. Punia (1936–2025), an Indian politician

Mandeep Punia, an Indian freelance journalist

P. L. Punia (born 1945), an Indian politician

Pavitra Punia (born 1986), an Indian actress

Priya Punia (born 1996), an Indian cricketer

Sapana Punia (born 1988), an Indian racewalker

Savita Punia (born 1990), an Indian field hockey player

Seema Punia, (born 1983), an Indian discus thrower

Tanuj Punia (born 1985), an Indian politician

Other

Punia (cicada), a genus of cicadas 
Punia hyas, a species of cicada
Punia minima, a species of cicada
Punia kolos, a species of cicada

Puniya, a surname

Sapana Punia
Sapana, also known as Sapana Punia (born 2 January 1988) is a female racewalker from Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. She competed in the Women's 20 kilometres walk event at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, China. She competed in the 20 km walk at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil but did not finish. She set a national record in the 20 km walk at the 2015 National Games with at time of 1:40:35.70.

Punia is also a sub-inspector in the Rajasthan Police.
Boro Bhalo Lok Chhilo
Boro Bhalo Lok Chhilo (Bengali: বড় ভালো লোক ছিল; English: He Was a Good Man) is a 1982 Dhallywood drama film directed by famous journalist and director Mohammad Mohiuddin. This film received National Film Awards in six categories.

National Film Awards (Bangladesh)
The National Film Awards (Bengali: জাতীয় চলচ্চিত্র পুরস্কার) is an annual awards ceremony held annually in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is considered to be the most significant film award ceremony in Bangladesh. The National Film Awards were established in 1975 by the government of Bangladesh. Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entries.
Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
The Chamber of Deputies (Romanian: Camera Deputaților) is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament. It has 312 regular seats to which deputies are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation to serve four-year terms.

Additionally, the organisation of each national ethnic minority is entitled to a seat in the Chamber (under the limitation that a national minority is to be represented by one organisation only). As of the 2024 election, there are 19 such additional seats.

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.
Majków-Folwark
Majków-Folwark (Polish pronunciation: [ˈmajkuf ˈfɔlvark]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grabica, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.

The village has an approximate population of 150.

Piotrków County
Piotrków County (Polish: powiat piotrkowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Piotrków Trybunalski, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Piotrków County are Sulejów, which lies 15 km (9 mi) east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and Wolbórz (classed as a town since 1 January 2011).

The county covers an area of 1,429.12 square kilometres (551.8 sq mi). In 2006, its total population was 90,227, made up of 6,387 in Sulejów and a rural population of 83,840.
The Czar of Muscovy
The Czar of Muscovy is a play attributed to author Mary Pix, first performed and published in 1701. The play is based on the reign of False Dmitriy I (reigned 1605-1606), and also depicts his consort Marina Mniszech.

It premiered at the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre, one of London's two patent theatres. The original cast included John Hodgson as Demetrius, Barton Booth as Zueski, George Pack as Rureck, John Freeman as Manzeck, John Bowman as Alexander, Joseph Harris as Fedor, Elinor Leigh as Sophia, Elizabeth Bowman as Marina and Elizabeth Barry as Zarriana.

Marina Mniszech
Marina Mniszech or Mnishek (Polish: Maryna Mniszech, IPA: [maˈrɨna ˈmɲiʂɛk]; Russian: Марина Мнишек, IPA: [mɐˈrʲinə ˈmnʲiʂɨk]; c. 1588 – 24 December 1614) was a Polish noblewoman who was the tsaritsa of all Russia in May 1606 during the Time of Troubles as the wife of False Dmitry I.  Following the death of her husband, she later married another imposter to the throne, False Dmitry II. A devout Catholic, she hoped to convert Russia's population to Catholicism.
Justin L. Barrett
Justin L. Barrett (born 1971) is an American experimental psychologist, founder and president of Blueprint 1543, a nonprofit organization.  He formerly was the Director of the Thrive Center for Human Development in Pasadena, California, Thrive Professor of Developmental Science, and Professor of Psychology at Fuller Graduate School of Psychology. He previously was a senior researcher and director of the Centre for Anthropology and Mind at the Institute for Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology at the University of Oxford.

Experimental psychology
Experimental psychology is the work done by those who apply experimental methods to psychological study and the underlying processes. Experimental psychologists employ human participants and animal subjects to study a great many topics, including (among others) sensation, perception, memory, cognition, learning, motivation, emotion; developmental processes, social psychology, and the neural substrates of all of these.
Black ruby barb
The black ruby barb (Pethia nigrofasciata, formerly Puntius nigrofasciatus) or purplehead barb is a tropical cyprinid fish endemic to Sri Lanka, where it occurs in forested streams from the Kelani basin to the Nilwala basin. They are found in streams on hills around 1,000 ft (300 m) in elevation.  The brightly colored population introduced to Mahaweli at Ginigathena, Sri Lanka, is said to have diminished in number due to the aquarium export trade.

Ginigathena
Ginigathena  is a small town in Sri Lanka located within Central Province in the Nuwara Eliya District. It is the central point to reach Hatton and Nawalapitiya. The Beauty of Tea Estates of Nuwara Eliya District starts from Ginigathena. Ginigathena is populated with Sinhalese and Tamils. Aberdeen Falls, one of the least known waterfalls of Sri Lanka is situated in Ginigathena. One of the very few real tree houses and the only pine tree house of Sri Lanka, "The Tree House"  and Hotel Breeta's Garden also situated in Ginigathena. Ginigathena has the majesty of accumulating the branches of Kelani and Mahaweli rivers.
2007 Saskatchewan Scotties Tournament of Hearts
The 2007 Saskatchewan Scotties Tournament of Hearts women's provincial curling championship, was held January 31 to February 4 at the Balgonie Curling Club in Balgonie, Saskatchewan. The winning team of Jan Betker, represented Saskatchewan at the 2007 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Lethbridge, Alberta, where they finished round robin with a 9–2 record, before losing the final to the defending champion, Team Canada, Kelly Scott

Balgonie
Balgonie is a town in southeast Saskatchewan, Canada. Situated at the intersection of Highways 10, 46, 364, 622, and the Trans-Canada Highway, the town is part of the White Butte region and neighbours Pilot Butte, White City, and McLean. As well, it is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of the province's capital city, Regina. As of the 2016 census, Balgonie had a population of 1,765, an 8.3% growth from 2011. The town is governed by the Balgonie Town Council and is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Edenwold No. 158.

Balgonie has a Subway restaurant, two gas stations, an outdoor pool, and an ice arena. It is also home to Greenall School.
20 Days in Mariupol
20 Days in Mariupol (Ukrainian: «20 днів у Маріуполі», romanized: 20 dniv u Mariupoli) is a 2023 Ukrainian documentary film with footage from the first several weeks of the Russian invasion of Ukraine directed by Mstyslav Chernov.

The film had its world premiere at the 2023 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Sundance World Cinema Documentary Competition. The film has received critical acclaim and was named one of the top five documentary films of 2023 by the National Board of Review. It was selected as the Ukrainian submission for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film at the 96th Academy Awards, but it was instead nominated in the Best Documentary Feature Film category and went on to win the award. The film was also nominated for two BAFTAs and won one of them, also won a Directors Guild of America Award and Ukrainian National Film Academy Award.

The film was screened at the start of the 78th session of the UN General Assembly.

Golden Dzyga
The Golden Dzyga (Ukrainian: Золота дзиґа) is a Ukrainian national film award given for professional achievements in the development of Ukrainian cinema. Founded in 2017 by the Ukrainian Film Academy, the first awards ceremony took place on April 20, 2017, at the Fairmont Grand Hotel Kyiv.
Börek
Börek or burek or byrek is a family of pastries or pies made in the Middle East and the Balkans. The pastry is made of a thin flaky dough such as filo with a variety of fillings, such as meat, cheese, spinach, or potatoes. A börek may be prepared in a large pan and cut into portions after baking, or as individual pastries. They are usually baked but some varieties can be fried. Börek is sometimes sprinkled with sesame or nigella seeds, and it can be served hot or cold.

Throughout the Balkan Peninsula, Turkey and Armenia it is commonly served with ayran or yogurt. It is a custom of Sephardic Jews to have bourekas for their Shabbat breakfast meal on Saturday mornings.

Dough
Dough is a malleable, sometimes elastic paste made from flour (which itself is made from grains or from leguminous or chestnut crops). Dough is typically made by mixing flour with a small amount of water or other liquid and sometimes includes yeast or other leavening agents, as well as ingredients such as fats or flavourings.

Making and shaping dough begins the preparation of a wide variety of foodstuffs, particularly breads and bread-based items, but also including biscuits, cakes, cookies, dumplings, flatbreads, noodles, pasta, pastry, pizza, piecrusts, scones and similar items. Dough can be made from a wide variety of flour, commonly wheat and rye but also maize, rice, legumes, almonds, and other cereals or crops.
Ava Guarani language
Chiripá Guaraní (Tsiripá, Txiripá), also known as Ava Guaraní and Nhandéva (Ñandeva), is a Guaraní language spoken in Paraguay, Brazil, and also Argentina. Nhandéva is closely connected to Mbyá Guaraní, as intermarriage between speakers of the two languages is common. Speakers of Nhandéva and Mbyá generally live in mountainous areas of the Atlantic Forest, from eastern Paraguay through Misiones Province of Argentina to the southern Brazilian states of Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul. There are approximately 4,900 speakers in Brazil and 7,000 in Paraguay.

Misiones Province
Misiones (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈsjones], Missions) is one of the 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the northeastern corner of the country in the Mesopotamia region. It is surrounded by Paraguay to the northwest, Brazil to the north, east and south, and Corrientes Province of Argentina to the southwest.

This was an early area of Roman Catholic missionary activity by the Jesuits in what was then called the province of Paraguay, beginning in the early 17th century. In 1984, the ruins of four mission sites in Argentina were designated World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.
Crazy Schmit
Frederick M. "Crazy" Schmit  (February 13, 1866 – October 5, 1940) was an American professional pitcher in Major League Baseball. He played for the Pittsburgh Alleghenys, Baltimore Orioles of the National League, New York Giants, Cleveland Spiders, and Baltimore Orioles of the American League.

Baltimore Orioles (1901–1902)
The Baltimore Orioles were a Major League Baseball team that played in Baltimore from 1901 to 1902. A charter member of the American League (AL), the team only lasted two seasons before folding after the 1902 season. The team was replaced the following season with the New York Highlanders, known since 1913 as the New York Yankees.
St. Paul's Co-educational College
St. Paul's Co-educational College (SPCC; Chinese: 聖保羅男女中學) is an Anglican secondary school located at 33 MacDonnell Road, Mid-Levels, Hong Kong. It was founded in 1915 as a girls-only school until the outbreak of World War II, after which it was converted into a co-educational school. It is the first school in the Round Square network in Greater China, and offers the HKDSE and IBDP curricula in parallel. It, along with its affiliated primary school, has also been under the Direct Subsidy Scheme since 2001.

The school's motto is Faith, Hope and Love, derived from 1 Corinthians 13 of the Bible.

Antiquities and Monuments Office
The Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) is a Hong Kong government organization established in 1976 under the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance to protect and preserve historic monuments. Housed in the Former Kowloon British School, the AMO is responsible for identifying, recording and researching buildings and items of historical interest, as well as organising and coordinating surveys and excavations in areas of archaeological significance. The Commissioner for Heritage's Office under the Development Bureau of the Hong Kong government currently manages the Office.
Decline (song)
"Decline" is a song by British singer-songwriter Raye featuring Nigerian singer and songwriter Mr Eazi, released 3 November 2017, as the lead single from the formers third EP, Side Tape. The song samples and interpolates the 2002 single "Always on Time" by Ja Rule featuring Ashanti.

Raye promoted "Decline" through live performances at the events, as Capital's 2018 Summertime Ball, 2018 Wireless Festival, and also Rita Ora's The Girls Tour as the supporting act. Its official music video premiered on 20 November 2017 on singer's official VEVO channel.

"Decline" was a commercial success peaking at number 15 on the UK Singles (Official Charts Company) becoming Raye's highest entry as lead artist at the time and also appeared in the top 100 years end list in the UK. It has since been certified platinum by the United Kingdom (BPI)

The Girls Tour
The Girls Tour was the third concert tour by British singer Rita Ora, which served as a prelude to her, then upcoming, second studio album, Phoenix (2018). The promotional concert tour began on 11 May 2018 in Glasgow, Scotland.
Vyf Rand
Vyf Rand is an informal settlement outside of Okahandja, located north of Windhoek in the Okahandja constituency of the Otjozondjupa region of Namibia. "Vyf rand" is an Afrikaans phrase that translates to "five rand". The name originates from the initial rental fee of five rand per month tenant farmers paid for a small plot of land on large farms in Namibia.

Home of one of the poorest communities in Namibia, Vyf Rand camp has been the focus of various social projects: a primary school, a soup kitchen, and HIV/AIDS awareness programs.

The settlement was a filming location for Where Others Wavered, a film about the life of Sam Nujoma – Namibia's first president – touted as "one of the country's most ambitious film projects".

South African rand
The South African rand, or simply the rand, (sign: R; code: ZAR) is the official currency of South Africa. It is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: "c"), and a comma separates the rand and cents.

The South African rand is legal tender in the Common Monetary Area member states of Namibia, Lesotho, and Eswatini, with these three countries also having national currencies (the dollar, the loti, and the lilangeni respectively) pegged with the rand at parity and still widely accepted as substitutes. The rand was also legal tender in Botswana until 1976, when the pula replaced the rand at par.

The rand is legal tender in Zimbabwe as part of its multiple currency system, which also includes other currencies such as the euro, the pound sterling, the US dollar, and the Zimbabwean ZiG.
Gardon gauge
A Gardon gauge or circular-foil gauge is a heat flux sensor primarily intended for the measurement of high-intensity radiation. It is a sensor that is designed to measure the radiation flux density (in watts per metre squared) from a field of view of 180 degrees. 
The most common application of Gardon gauges is in exposure testing of sample materials for their resistance to fire and flames.

Field of view
The field of view (FOV) is the angular extent of the observable world that is seen at any given moment. In the case of optical instruments or sensors, it is a solid angle through which a detector is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. It is further relevant in photography.
Spanish ship San Agustín
At least two ships of the Spanish Navy have borne the name San Agustín, after the Spanish spelling of Saint Augustine:

Spanish ship San Agustín, a 16th-century Manila galleon commanded by Sebastião Rodrigues Soromenho

Spanish ship San Agustín (1768), a 74-gun ship of the line

Spanish ship San Agustín (1768)
San Agustín was a 74-gun ship of the line built at the royal shipyard in Guarnizo (Santander) and launched in 1768.

She was captured by Portugal in 1776, but returned the following year.

In January 1780, during the American War of Independence, she was part of a squadron of 11 of the line under command of Admiral Don Juan de Lángara left on patrol off Cape St. Vincent to intercept an expected British convoy for Gibraltar. But, when it appeared, the British fleet, under Sir George Rodney, greatly outnumbered the Spanish squadron, with 18 ships of the line. The result was the Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780), off the stormy, dark cliffs of Cape Santa María through the afternoon and evening of 16 January 1780. Four Spanish ships of the line were captured and one destroyed. San Agustín and San Genaro were the only Spanish ships of the line to escape unscathed.

During the Napoleonic wars, she fought at the Battle of Algeciras in 1801 and the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805.
Psalm 20
Psalm 20 is the 20th psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "The LORD hear thee in the day of trouble". The Book of Psalms is part of the third section of the Hebrew Bible, and a book of the Christian Old Testament. In the slightly different numbering system used in the Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate translations of the Bible, this psalm is Psalm 19. In Latin, it is known by the incipit, "Exaudiat te Dominus". The psalm is attributed to David. This psalm and the following one are closely related: they are both liturgical psalms: the first is an intercession, the second is a thanksgiving; in both, the king is the prominent figure.

Psalm 20 is used in both Jewish and Christian liturgies. It has often been set to music.

Pesukei dezimra
Pesukei dezimra (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: פְּסוּקֵי דְזִמְרָא, romanized: pǝsuqē ḏǝzimrā, lit. 'Verses of praise'; Rabbinic Hebrew: פַּסוּקֵי הַזְּמִירוֹת pasuqẽ hazzǝmiroṯ "Verses of songs"), or zemirot as they are called by the Spanish and Portuguese Jews, are a group of prayers that may be recited during Shacharit (the morning set of prayers in Judaism). They consist of various blessings, psalms, and sequences of other Biblical verses. Historically, reciting pesuqe dezimra in morning prayer was only practiced by the especially pious. Throughout Jewish history, their recitation has become widespread among the various rites of Jewish prayer.

The goal of pesukei dezimra is for the individual to recite praises of God before making the requests featured later in Shacharit and the day.
Zaffé
Zaffé is an arrondissement in the Collines department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Glazoué. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 9,268.

Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique
The Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique (INSAE) is a national institute of Benin, which is dedicated to collecting data in the country. It collects data on demographics, population, climatology, education,  employment, etc.
Paul Lawson (footballer)
Paul William Lawson (born 15 May 1984) is a Scottish professional footballer and manager who plays (as a central midfielder) and previously managed Formartine United in the Highland Football League now a co-manager at Banks o' Dee along with Josh Winton. He has previously played for Celtic, St Johnstone, St Mirren, Ross County and Motherwell.

During his time in Dingwall, Lawson appeared in the 2010 Scottish Cup Final, won the 2011–12 Scottish First Division and helped the Staggies to a top-six finish in their first ever season in the 2012–13 SPL.

Victoria Park, Dingwall
Victoria Park, also known as the Global Energy Stadium for sponsorship reasons, is an all-seater football stadium in the town of Dingwall, Highland, Scotland. It is the home ground of Ross County, who currently play in the Scottish Championship.