hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Westminster Stone theory
The Westminster Stone theory is the belief held by some historians and scholars that the stone which traditionally rests under the Coronation Chair is not the true Stone of Destiny but a 13th-century substitute.  Since the chair has been located in Westminster Abbey since that time, adherents to this theory have created the title 'Westminster Stone' to avoid confusion with the 'real' stone (sometimes referred to as the Stone of Scone).

One of the most vocal proponents of this theory was writer and historian Nigel Tranter, who consistently presented the theory throughout his non-fiction books and historical novels.  Other historians have held this view, including James S. Richardson, who was an Inspector of Ancient Monuments in the mid-twentieth century.  Richardson produced a monograph on the subject.

Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1882
The Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. 73) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was introduced by John Lubbock, 1st Baron Avebury, recognising the need for a governmental administration on the protection of ancient monuments, and was finally passed after a number of failed attempts on heritage protection acts. The gradual change towards a state-based authority responsible for the safeguarding of the Kingdom's national heritage manifested itself through the appointment of the first Inspector of Ancient Monuments in 1882, General Pitt Rivers.
Bratislava Tennis Exhibition 2011
The Bratislava Tennis Exhibition 2011 was a one-off women's exhibition tennis tournament, held on 21 November, featuring two of the best ranked women and men's legends. It was held at the Sibamac Arena in Bratislava, Slovakia.

Peugeot Arena
Peugeot Arena (formerly known as AXA Aréna NTC, Sibamac Arena and Aegon Arena for sponsorship reasons) is a multi-purpose tennis stadium part of the Slovak National Tennis Centre (NTC) in Bratislava, Slovakia. It has a capacity of 4,500 people.

It has hosted concerts and various tennis matches, including the 2005 Davis Cup final between Slovakia and Croatia, the 2025 Billie Jean King Cup qualifying round and the Slovak Open, an annual ATP Challenger Tour tournament.
Pseudosperma
Pseudosperma is a genus of mushrooms in the family Inocybaceae. It is widely distributed, being found in both temperate and tropical regions.

Pseudosperma was once considered to be part of the genus Inocybe. However, in 2020, Matheny et. al. split the genus into several other genera, including Pseudosperma.

Inocybe
Inocybe is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi, with over 1,000 species. Its members are mycorrhizal, and some evidence shows that the high degree of speciation is due to adaptation to different trees and possibly also local habitats.
William Armstrong McCulla
William Armstrong McCulla (1837 – July 1, 1923) was an industrialist, building contractor and political figure in Ontario, Canada. He represented Peel in the House of Commons of Canada from 1887 to 1891 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Sligo, Caledon Township, Upper Canada, the son of John McCulla, who came to Canada in 1849 and Marie Louise Beatty, and was educated in Ireland and Canada. McCulla married Elizabeth McBride. He served 13 years on the town council for Brampton, serving three years as reeve and three years as mayor. McCulla also served as warden for Peel County. He served as postmaster for Brampton from 1892 to 1923. He died in Brampton at the age of 86.

Peel County, Ontario
Peel County is a historic county in the Canadian province of Ontario. Named for Sir Robert Peel, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, the county was organized in 1851. Settlers, however, were in Toronto Township as early as 1807. The Credit River was reserved for the Mississaugas; however, they sold their land and moved to the Bruce Peninsula.
James Houston Spence
James Houston Spence, KC, (September 3, 1867 – February 21, 1939) was a Canadian lawyer and Senator.

Spence was born in Greenock Township, Ontario and attended school in London, Ontario and Walkerton, Ontario. He graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School before being called to the bar. He was elected a Bencher of the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1917, named King's Counsel in 1922 and was the senior partner in the law firm of Spence, Shoemaker and Spence.

He specialized in corporate, commercial and municipal law.

He was active in the Liberal Party of Canada, campaigned on behalf of various Liberal candidates in provincial and federal elections, and was a close friend of Sir Wilfrid Laurier as well as a friend of William Lyon Mackenzie King who appointed him to the Senate in 1928.

Spence served in the Hamilton Regiment from 1890 to 1893. He was also a member of the Masonic Order.

He died at his home in Toronto on February 21, 1939.

Brockton, Ontario
Brockton is a municipality in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in Bruce County. As of 2021, the population was 9,784.

The current municipality was formed on January 1, 1999, by amalgamating the former township of Brant, former township of Greenock and the town of Walkerton. Brockton's name was formed as a portmanteau of the three merged municipalities (Brant Greenock Walkerton).
Matthew Turner (physician)
Matthew Turner (died 1788), a Liverpool physician, is considered (for example by Berman, 1990) to be the author or co-author of the 1782 pamphlet, Answer to Dr. Priestley's Letters to a Philosophical Unbeliever, the first published work of avowed atheism in Britain. Turner was also a pioneer in the use of ether for medical purposes, and wrote a pamphlet on the subject.  In a footnote, Turner was the man who introduced Josiah Wedgwood to Thomas Bentley in Liverpool, a friendship which led to the formation of the company that produced the famous pottery.

Turner was a friend of Peter Perez Burdett and his scientific knowledge was referred to Joseph Wright of Derby when he constructed his painting of The Alchemist Discovering Phosphorus in 1771 which is now in Derby Museum and Art Gallery.

Derby Museum and Art Gallery
Derby Museum and Art Gallery is a museum and art gallery in Derby, England. It was established in 1879, along with Derby Central Library, in a new building designed by Richard Knill Freeman and given to Derby by Michael Thomas Bass. The collection includes a gallery displaying many paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby; there is also a large display of Royal Crown Derby and other porcelain from Derby and the surrounding area. Further displays include archaeology, natural history, geology, military collections and world cultures. The Art Gallery was opened in 1882.
John Gray (mathematician)
John Gray, FRS (died 17 July 1769) was a British mathematician.

As a young man he taught mathematics at Marischal College, later Aberdeen University.

He wrote "A Treatise on Gunnery", dedicated to the Duke of Argyll and published by William Innys (London) in 1731.

In collaboration with Andrew Reid and others, he worked to produce a book of abridged Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society for 1720–1732; which was published by W. Innys and R. Manby in 1732.

In March 1732 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, his application citation having described him as being of the Navy Office (or Navy Board), who were responsible for the construction and maintenance of  ships in the Royal Dockyards for the Royal Navy.

From 1764 to his death he was Rector of Marischal College. He died at his London home in 1769, having asked to be buried at Petersham next to his wife Elizabeth. He left estates in the West Indies to his nephews and 1,000 acres (400 ha) to Gray's Inn of London.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society is a scientific journal published by the Royal Society. In its earliest days, it was a private venture of the Royal Society's secretary. It was established in 1665, making it the second journal in the world exclusively devoted to science, after the Journal des sçavans, and therefore also the world's longest-running scientific journal. It became an official society publication in 1752. The use of the word philosophical in the title refers to natural philosophy, which was the equivalent of what would now be generally called science.
Huskey
Huskey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Huskey (born 1968), American actor and comedian

Butch Huskey (born 1971), American baseball player

Harry Huskey (1916–2017), American computer designer

Kristine A. Huskey, American lawyer

Michael Huskey (1841–1864), Union Navy sailor and Medal of Honor recipient

Roy Huskey, Jr. (1956–1997), American musician

Velma Huskey (1917–1991), American computing pioneer

Kristine A. Huskey
Kristine Huskey is an American lawyer.
Huskey is notable because she volunteered to help defend Guantanamo detainees.
Huskey is the author of "Standards and Procedures for Classifying "Enemy Combatants": Congress, What Have You Done?"

Huskey grew up in Alaska.
Holly Court
Holly Court, also known as the Ficklen-Lyndon-Johnson House, and now operated as Holly Court Inn Bed & Breakfast, is a historic Neoclassical architecture residence converted into a bed & breakfast in Washington, Georgia. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

It was the "last refuge" of Varina Davis, wife of Confederate States of America president Jefferson Davis, before his capture, at the end of the American Civil War.

It is a two-story white clapboard building created in about 1840 when two plain-style Federal period houses were joined and a monumental entrance portico was added.  The portico has two pairs of square Tuscan columns, and is pedimented.

Bed and breakfast
A bed and breakfast (typically shortened to B&B or BnB) is a small lodging establishment that offers overnight accommodation and breakfast. In addition, a B&B sometimes has the hosts living in the house.

Bed and breakfast is also used to describe the level of catering included in a hotel's room prices, as opposed to room-only, half-board, or full-board.
Tanat Wongsuparak
Tanat Wongsuparak (Thai: ธนัตถ์ วงศ์ศุภลักษณ์; born 19 February 1985) is a Thai professional footballer who plays for Thai League 3 club Dome.

He played for Krung Thai Bank FC (later Bangkok Glass) in the 2008 AFC Champions League group stage.

2008 AFC Champions League
The 2008 AFC Champions League was the 27th AFC Champions League, the top-level Asian club football tournament, and the 6th under the current AFC Champions League title. It was the last AFC Champions League before the competition expanded to 32 teams.

Gamba Osaka defeated Adelaide United  5–0 on aggregate in the final to win their first AFC Champions League title. Both clubs qualified for the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup: Gamba Osaka as the AFC representative, and Adelaide United as the host nation's representative, since Japan's spot was reallocated due to Gamba Osaka's qualification as continental champion.

Urawa Red Diamonds were the defending champions, but were eliminated by the eventual winners Gamba Osaka in the semi-finals.
Leonardo Price
Leonardo Nelson Price (born February 21, 1979, in Trelew) is an Argentine middle distance runner. He is a three-time national champion for the 800 metres, and two-time for the 1500 metres.

Price represented Argentina at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed for the men's 800 metres. He ran in the second heat against six other competitors, including Sudan's Abubaker Kaki, who was a heavy favorite and a possible top medal contender in this event. He finished the race in sixth place by three fourths of a second (0.75) behind Slovakia's Jozef Repcìk, with a time of 1:49.39. Price, however, failed to advance into the semi-finals, as he placed fifty-first overall and was ranked farther below two mandatory slots for the next round.

Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres
The men's 800 metres at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place from 20–23 August at the Beijing National Stadium. Fifty-eight athletes from 40 nations competed. The qualifying standards were 1:46.00 (A standard) and 1:47.00 (B standard). The final on 23 August resulted in a triumph for Kenyan runner Wilfred Bungei in an official time of 1:44.65, winning by 0.05 seconds. It was the first victory in the event for Kenya since 1992 and the third overall. Ismail Ahmed Ismail's silver medal was Sudan's first Olympic medal in any competition.
Glassy
Glassy is an adjective meaning, of or resembling glass. Glassy may also mean:

Glassy, amorphous metal

Glassy (single album), a 2021 single album, or the title song by Jo Yuri

Glassy phase, amorphous solid

Glassy water, amorphous ice

Glassy carbon, carbon with a shiny surface

Glassy surface, a smooth surface

Amorphous solid
In condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous solid (or non-crystalline solid) is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is a characteristic of a crystal. The terms "glass" and "glassy solid" are sometimes used synonymously with amorphous solid; however, these terms refer specifically to amorphous materials that undergo a glass transition. Examples of amorphous solids include glasses, metallic glasses, and certain types of plastics and polymers.
17α-Estradiol
17α-Estradiol (also known as 17α-E2, 17-epiestradiol, alfatradiol, or estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17α-diol) is a minor and weak endogenous steroidal estrogen that is related to 17β-estradiol (better known simply as estradiol). It is the C17 epimer of estradiol. It has approximately 100-fold lower estrogenic potency than 17β-estradiol. The compound shows preferential affinity for the ERα over the ERβ. Although 17α-estradiol is far weaker than 17β-estradiol as an agonist of the nuclear estrogen receptors, it has been found to bind to and activate the brain-expressed ER-X with a greater potency than that of 17β-estradiol, suggesting that it may be the predominant endogenous ligand for the receptor.

Estrogen receptor alpha
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), also known as NR3A1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 1), is one of two main types of estrogen receptor, a nuclear receptor (mainly found as a chromatin-binding protein) 
that is activated by the sex hormone estrogen.  In humans, ERα is encoded by the gene ESR1 (EStrogen Receptor 1).
Narrative psychology
Narrative psychology is a perspective in psychology concerned with the "storied nature of human conduct", that is, how human beings deal with experience by observing stories and listening to the stories of others. Operating under the assumption that human activity and experience are filled with "meaning" and stories, rather than lawful formulations, narrative psychology is the study of how human beings construct stories to deal with experiences.

Theodore R. Sarbin
Theodore Roy Sarbin (1911–2005) was an American psychologist and professor of psychology and criminology at the University of California, Santa Cruz.  He was known as "Mr. Role Theory" because of his contributions to the social psychology of role-taking.
Tannou-Gola
Tannou-Gola is an arrondissement in the Kouffo department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Toviklin. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 5,893.

Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique
The Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique (INSAE) is a national institute of Benin, which is dedicated to collecting data in the country. It collects data on demographics, population, climatology, education,  employment, etc.
Edna Bejarano
Edna Bejarano (born 1951) is an Israeli-born German singer. She was born in 1951 in Tel Aviv, the daughter of Esther Bejaranoborn Loew and Nissan Bejarano. The family moved to Germany in 1960. She was the lead singer of the German rock band The Rattles from 1970 until 1973 and sang on their biggest selling record, the 1970 song "The Witch", which sold over one million copies globally.

She also performed in the 1980s with her mother Esther Bejarano, one of the last survivors of the Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz, in the musical group Coincidence. They sang songs from the ghetto and in Hebrew as well as anti-fascist songs.

Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz
The Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz (Mädchenorchester von Auschwitz; lit. "Girls' Orchestra of Auschwitz") was formed by order of the SS in 1943, during the Holocaust, in the Auschwitz II-Birkenau extermination camp in German-occupied Poland. Active for 19 months—from April 1943 until October 1944—the orchestra consisted of mostly young female Jewish and Slavic prisoners, of varying nationalities, who would rehearse for up to ten hours a day to play music regarded as helpful in the daily running of the camp. They also held a concert every Sunday for the SS.

A member of the orchestra, Fania Fénelon, published her experiences as an autobiography, Sursis pour l'orchestre (1976), which appeared in English as Playing for Time (1977). The book was the basis of a television film of the same name in 1980, written by Arthur Miller.
Henri de la Tour
Henri de la Tour can refer to:

Henri de la Tour-du-Pin (1296–1349), bishop of Metz

Henri de la Tour (died 1415), bishop of Clermont

Henri du Tour (c. 1540–1580), French name of Hendrik van den Keere

Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon (1555–1623), French nobleman

Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne (1611–1675), Marshal of France

Louis Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne (1679–1753), French nobleman

Henri, prince de La Tour d'Auvergne (1823–1871), French politician,  Minister of Foreign Affairs for Napoleon III

Henri, Prince de La Tour d'Auvergne-Lauraguais
Henri-Godefroi-Bernard-Alphonse, 1st Prince de La Tour d'Auvergne, 2nd Marquis de Saint-Paulet (21 October 1823 – 5 May 1871) was a French politician of the Second Empire who twice served as Minister of Foreign Affairs for Emperor Napoleon III.

De La Tour d'Auvergne was Ambassador of France to London (1863–69), in which capacity he was a signatory to the Treaty of London in 1867.
S114 (Amsterdam)
S114 is a city route in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is the main connection for IJburg with the city center and Diemen. The route starts at the A1 at Diemen, crosses the Amsterdam-Rhine canal at Uyllander Bridge and the IJmeer at Benno Premsela Bridge. It leaves IJburg at Enneüs Heerma Bridge, crosses Zeeburgereiland and through the Piet Hein Tunnel connects with the S100 inner circle route.

Zeeburgereiland
The Zeeburgereiland is a triangular island on the east side of Amsterdam, in the Dutch province of North Holland. It lies between the Oranje Locks and the Diemerzeedijk and on the east is bordered by the IJ. Formerly an industrial area, the island is being redeveloped as part of the IJburg new neighbourhood. It is crossed by the A10 motorway and, since 2005, the IJ Tram line of the Amsterdam Tram system.
Pieria (Syria)
In Classical times Pieria was the southern area of the Amanus Mountains, a part of the province of Roman Syria. Cities included Seleucia Pieria and Pinara. Today it is part of Turkey.

Strabo XVI 2,4 and Nonnus (Dionysiaca 2:94-112) include descriptions of the Pieria and the Pierides. In Nonnos the Pierides from the grove at Daphne are threatened by the lumberjack of Kalypso. Nonnius gave a very different story about them as compared to Homer, Odyssey 5, 50.

The Pieria at the mouth of the river Orontes are the homelands of the daughters of Antioche, also called Antiope, as the Scholion on Euripides Phoinissai 5 and the Scholion on Sophokles Trachiniae 266 shows. In the same way are the arguments of Tzetzes, Chiliades 7, 19.

Nonnus
Nonnus of Panopolis (Ancient Greek: Νόννος ὁ Πανοπολίτης, Nónnos ho Panopolítēs, fl. 5th century AD) was the most notable Greek epic poet of the Imperial Roman era. He was a native of Panopolis (Akhmim) in the Egyptian Thebaid and probably lived in the 5th century AD. He is known as the composer of the Dionysiaca, an epic tale of the god Dionysus, and of the Metabole, a paraphrase of the Gospel of John. The epic Dionysiaca describes the life of Dionysus, his expedition to India, and his triumphant return. It was written in Homeric Greek and in dactylic hexameter, and it consists of 48 books at 20,426 lines.
Harold Garner
Harold Ray Garner (born 5 February 1954), known informally as "Skip", is a biophysicist with research careers in plasma physics, bioengineering and bioinformatics. Garner was born in St. Louis, Missouri.
He received his B.S. degree in Nuclear Engineering (minor in computer science) at the University of Missouri, Rolla in 1976 and a PhD in plasma/high temperature matter physics from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1982. He also holds an honorary professional engineering degree also from the University of Missouri, Rolla.

Missouri University of Science and Technology
The Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T or S&T) is a public research university in Rolla, Missouri, United States. It is a member institution of the University of Missouri System. Most of its 6,456 students (2023) study engineering, business, sciences, and mathematics. Known primarily for its engineering school, Missouri S&T offers degree programs in business and management systems, information science and technology, sciences, social sciences, humanities, and arts. It is classified as a "STEM-dominant", R1 university with "very high research spending and doctorate production".
Toni Pearce
Toni Pearce (born 13 April 1990) is a former President of the National Union of Students in the United Kingdom. Pearce was elected at the 2013 NUS National Conference in April 2013 and re-elected April 2014.

From 2011 to 2013, Pearce held the position of NUS Vice President (Further Education). Before that, she was President at the Students' Union of Cornwall College, an institution of Further Education. Pearce was the first ever NUS President not to have attended  university.

National Union of Students (United Kingdom)
The National Union of Students (NUS) is a confederation of student unions across the United Kingdom. Approximately 600 student unions are affiliated, accounting for more than 95% of all higher and further education unions in the UK. Although the National Union of Students is the central organization for all affiliated unions in the UK, there are also the devolved national sub-bodies: NUS Scotland in Scotland, NUS Wales (UCM Cymru) in Wales and NUS-USI in Northern Ireland (the latter being jointly administered by Aontas na Mac Léinn in Éirinn).

NUS is a member of the European Students' Union.
2018 CME Group Tour Championship
The 2018 CME Group Tour Championship was the eighth CME Group Tour Championship, a women's professional golf tournament and the season-ending event on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. It was played at the Gold Course of Tiburón Golf Club in Naples, Florida.

The CME Group Tour Championship also marked the end of the season-long "Race to the CME Globe" in 2018. Each player's season-long "Race to the CME Globe" points were "reset" before the tournament based on their position in the points list. "Championship points" were awarded to the top 40 players in the CME Group Tour Championship which were added to their "reset points" to determine the overall winner of the "Race to the CME Globe". The event was televised by Golf Channel Thursday through Saturday on a 2-hour delay, and ABC Sunday live.

Lexi Thompson won the tournament by four strokes over Nelly Korda, while Ariya Jutanugarn won the Race to the CME Globe and took the $1,000,000 bonus.

Naples, Florida
Naples is a city in Collier County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,115, down from 19,539 at the 2010 census. Naples is a principal city of the Naples–Marco Island metropolitan area, which had a population of about 375,752 as of 2020.

Naples is the self-titled "Golf Capital of the World" with the second-most golf holes per capita and the most holes of any city in Florida. The city is also known for being appealing to retirees, who make up a large percentage of the population.