hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kurszán
Kurszán or Kusál (died 904), was a Hungarian (Magyar) chieftain at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries, who had a crucial role in the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin. He was kende of the Magyars in the dual leadership with Árpád serving as a gyula - according to a mainstream theory. While kende probably corresponded roughly to the Khazar title khagan, Kurszán's role equated to the Khazar military title bek. In Latin sources he was referred to as rex and some scholars say he had a political status as a sacred king until he was massacred in a political plot of Western rulers and was temporarily succeeded by Árpád. There is also arguments that Kurszán, who appears as an active actor in Western and Byzantine sources, rather held the dignity of gyula, while Álmos then Árpád served as kende, the "sacred king".

Khagan
Khagan or Qaghan (Kazakh: Қаған/Qağan, Middle Mongol:ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ; Khaan or Khagan; Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰍𐰣 Qaɣan) is a title of imperial rank in Turkic, Mongolic, and some other languages, equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a khaganate (empire). The female equivalent is Khatun.

It may also be translated as "Khan of Khans", equivalent to King of Kings. In modern Turkic, the title became Khaan with the g sound becoming almost silent or non-existent; the ğ in modern Turkish Kağan is also silent. After the division of the Mongol Empire, monarchs of the Yuan dynasty and the Northern Yuan held the title of Khagan. Kağan, Hakan and Kaan, Turkish equivalents of the title are common Turkish names in Turkey.

The common western rendering as Great Khan (or Grand Khan), notably in the case of the Mongol Empire, is a translation of Yekhe Khagan (Great Emperor or Их Хаан).
Verner Liik
Verner Liik (26 April 1897 – 19 November 1958) was an Estonian politician. Liik was born in Haldi, on the island of Hiiumaa. He was a member of III Riigikogu. On 16 June 1926, he resigned his position and he was replaced by Benedikt Oskar Oja. He died in Tallinn.

Hiiumaa
Hiiumaa (US: /ˈhiːʊmɑː, ˈhiːəmɑː/ HEE-uum-ah, -⁠ə-mah, Estonian: [ˈhiːumɑː]) is the second largest island in Estonia and is part of the West Estonian archipelago, in the Baltic Sea. It has an area of 989 km2 and is 22 km from the Estonian mainland. Its largest town is Kärdla. It is located within Hiiu County.
2011 Montana State Bobcats football team
The 2011 Montana State Bobcats football team represented Montana State University as a member of the Big Sky Conference during the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Rob Ash, the Bobcats compiled an overall record of 10–3 with a mark of 7–1 in conference place play, sharing the Big Sky title with Montana. Montana vacated its share of the title on July 26, 2013, after the NCAA determined that Montana had played its final six games with ineligible players. Montana State received an at-large bid to the NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs, where they defeated New Hampshire in the second round before falling to Sam Houston State in the quarterfinals. The Bobcats played their home games at Bobcat Stadium in Bozeman, Montana/

2011 Sam Houston State Bearkats football team
The 2011 Sam Houston State Bearkats football team represented Sam Houston State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Bearkats were  led by second year head coach Willie Fritz and played their home games at Bowers Stadium. They are a member of the Southland Conference. They finished the season 14–1, 7–0 in Southland play to win the conference championship. They received the conference's automatic bid into the FCS Playoffs where they advanced to the National Championship Game before falling to North Dakota State 6–17.
Kvikne Municipality
Kvikne is a former municipality in the old Hedmark county, Norway. The 1,154-square-kilometre (446 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1966. The area is now divided between Tynset Municipality in Innlandet county and Rennebu Municipality in Trøndelag county. The area was one of the northernmost parts of the traditional district of Østerdalen. The administrative centre was the village of Kvikne where Kvikne Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1966, the 1,154-square-kilometre (446 sq mi) municipality was the 85th largest by area out of the 466 municipalities in Norway. Kvikne Municipality was the 422nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,092. The municipality's population density was 0.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.3/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 13.3% over the previous 10-year period.

Copper mining and soapstone quarries were historically significant industries in the municipality.

Østerdalen
Østerdalen (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈœ̂sːtəˌɖɑːɳ]) is a valley and traditional district in Innlandet county, in Eastern Norway. This area typically is described as the large Glåma river valley as well as all its tributary valleys. Østerdalen is often subdivided into Nord-Østerdal in the north, and Sør-Østerdal in the south. The more mountainous northern half of Østerdalen includes the municipalities of Rendalen, Alvdal, Folldal, Tynset, Tolga, and Os. The more forested southern half includes the municipalities of Elverum (which includes district's largest town, Elverum), Stor-Elvdal, Engerdal, Trysil and Åmot. Østerdalen historically also included Särna and Idre, which is now in Sweden.
Savithri Sreedharan
Savithri Sreedharan is an Indian theatre and film actress. She has been a part of several Calicut-based theatre groups for over forty years and made her film debut in 2018 in the film Sudani from Nigeria which earned her a Special Mention at the 66th National Film Awards. Her other major films are Virus (2019) and Dakini (2018).

Virus (2019 film)
Virus is a 2019 Indian Malayalam-language medical thriller film co-produced and directed by Aashiq Abu set against the backdrop of the 2018 Nipah virus outbreak in Kerala. The film was written by Muhsin Parari and Suhas-Sharfu. It stars an ensemble cast consisting of Kunchacko Boban, Indrajith Sukumaran, Tovino Thomas, Poornima Indrajith, Parvathy Thiruvothu, Revathi, Rima Kallingal, Sreenath Bhasi, Rahman, Asif Ali and Madonna Sebastian.

Principal photography took place from January to February 2019 in a single schedule shot extensively in Government Medical College, Kozhikode and Government Homoeopathic Medical College, Kozhikode. The film was released worldwide on 7 June 2019, garnering critical acclaim and was a box office success. It was included in The Hindu's top 25 Malayalam films of the decade.
Zashliakhom
Zashliakhom (Ukrainian: Зашляхом) is a village in the Vyshnivets settlement hromada of the Kremenets Raion of Ternopil Oblast in Ukraine. After the liquidation of the Zbarazh Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

Zbarazh Raion
Zbarazh Raion (Ukrainian: Збаразький район) was a raion (district) of Ternopil Oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center was the city of Zbarazh. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Zbarazh Raion was split between Kremenets Raion and Ternopil Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 55,844 (2020 est.).
Tennis at the Mediterranean Games
Tennis has been contested at every Mediterranean Games since its introduction to the program at the 1963 Mediterranean Games. The 1975 Mediterranean Games were the last games with tennis as a male only event — beginning with the 1979 Mediterranean Games, women's tennis is included in the program.

1979 Mediterranean Games
The 1979 Mediterranean Games, officially known as the VIII Mediterranean Games, and commonly known as Split 1979, were the 8th Mediterranean Games. The Games were held in Split, Yugoslavia, from 15 to 29 September 1979, where 2,408 athletes (2,009 men and 399 women) from 14 countries participated. There were a total of 192 medal events from 26 different sports.

The games' mascot was a Mediterranean monk seal named Adrijana.
Abri Pataud
L'Abri Pataud, or the Pataud Shelter in English, is a prehistoric site found in the middle of the village Les Eyzies in Dordogne, Aquitaine, southwestern France. The site includes human remains, stone tools, and early cultural artifacts made during the Upper Paleolithic, between approximately 47,000 and 17,000 years ago.

Aquitaine
Aquitaine (UK: /ˌækwɪˈteɪn/, US: /ˈækwɪteɪn/; French: [akitɛn] ⓘ; Occitan: Aquitània [akiˈtanjɔ]; Basque: Akitania; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Aguiéne), archaic Guyenne or Guienne (Occitan: Guiana), is a historical region of southwestern France and a former administrative region. Since 1 January 2016 it has been part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It is situated in the southwest corner of metropolitan France, along the Atlantic Ocean and the Pyrenees mountain range on the border with Spain. It is composed of five departments: Dordogne, Lot-et-Garonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Landes, and Gironde. The Romans established Gallia Aquitania as a province. In the Middle Ages, Aquitaine was a kingdom and a duchy whose boundaries fluctuated considerably. For most of Aquitaine's written history, Bordeaux has been a vital port and administrative centre.
Park Seung-hi
Park Seung-hi (Korean: 박승희, Korean pronunciation: [pak̚.s͈ɯŋ.ɦi]; born 28 March 1992) is a former South Korean short track and long track speed skater. She is the 2010 Overall World Champion. She won two gold medals and three bronze medals at 2010 Winter Olympics and 2014 Winter Olympics. Her sister is Park Seung-ju, a long track speed skater, and her brother Park Se-yeong, a short track speed skater. She switched to long-track speed skating after the 2014 Sochi Olympics. After the 2018 Pyeongchang Olympics Park announced her retirement from speedskating.

Short-track speed skating
Short-track speed skating is a form of competitive ice speed skating. In competitions, multiple skaters (typically between four and six) skate on an oval ice track with a length of 111.12 metres (364.57 ft). The rink itself is 60 metres (196.85 ft) long by 30 metres (98.43 ft) wide, which is the same size as an Olympic-sized figure skating rink and an international-sized ice hockey rink. Related sports include long-track speed skating and inline speed skating.
Lot 67, Prince Edward Island
Lot 67 is a township in Queens County, Prince Edward Island, Canada.  It is part of Greenville Parish. Lot 67 was awarded to Robert Moore in the 1767 land lottery; but was sold for arrears of quitrent in 1781.

Queens County, Prince Edward Island
Queens County is a county in the province of Prince Edward Island, Canada. It is the largest county in the province by population with 89,770 (2021) and land. Charlottetown is the county seat of Queens County, and is the largest city and the capital of Prince Edward Island.
2014 Challenger of Dallas – Doubles
Alex Kuznetsov and Mischa Zverev were the defending champions but lost to Alex Bogomolov Jr. and Jordan Kerr in the quarterfinals.
Top seeded Australians Samuel Groth and Chris Guccione won the title over wildcards Ryan Harrison and Mark Knowles.

Sam Groth
Samuel Groth (born 19 October 1987) is an Australian politician and professional tennis player. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for the seat of Nepean in 2022 representing the Victorian Liberal Party until his retirement from Parliament in February 2026, causing a by-election.

His highest ATP singles ranking was World No. 53, which he reached in August 2015. His career high in doubles was World No. 24, reached in February 2015. Groth's best singles result was a semi-final appearance at the 2014 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships.

He holds the record for the world's fastest serve at 263 km/h (163.4 mph), which he hit in 2012 at the ATP Challenger in Busan.

Prior to his political career, he worked for the Nine Network's tennis broadcasts, and as a host on Postcards.
Arecio Colmán
Arecio Colmán (born 10 June 1951) is a Paraguayan footballer. He played in 13 matches for the Paraguay national football team from 1971 to 1979. He was also part of Paraguay's squad for the 1979 Copa América tournament.

1979 Copa América
The 1979 edition of the Copa América association football tournament was played between 18 July and 12 December. It was not held in a particular country, all matches were played on a home and away basis. Defending champions Peru were given a bye into the semi-finals.
Bronte Halligan
Bronte Riley Halligan (born 12 August 1996) is an Australian water polo player.

Halligan was a member of the Australian Stingrays squad that competed at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. By finishing second in their pool, the Aussie Stingers went through to the quarterfinals. They were beaten 8-9 by Russia and therefore did not compete for an Olympic medal.

She was part of the Australian women's water polo team that finished in second place at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Her father is former rugby league player, Daryl Halligan.

Water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament of water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics at Tokyo, Japan was played from 24 July to 7 August 2021 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. It was the sixth appearance of the women's tournament, which had been held consecutively since 2000 and also was the first time on history that the tournament had 10 teams competing.

On 24 March 2020, the Olympics were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Because of the pandemic, the games were played behind closed doors.

The United States won their third consecutive and overall gold medal after a finals win over Spain, while Hungary captured the bronze medal, beating defending bronze medalists Russia.

The medals for the competition were presented by Samira Asghari, Afghanistan; IOC Member, and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Dale Neuburger, United States; FINA Treasurer.
Big-scaled redfin
The big-scaled redfin (Pseudaspius hakonensis), also known as the Japanese dace and ugui (鯎 or 鵜喰), is a medium-sized Asian species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, chubs, true minnows and related fishes. First described by Albert Günther in 1877 as Leuciscus hakonensis, it was the type specimen of the genus Tribolodon, having been described again as Tribolodon punctatum by Henri Émile Sauvage when he established that genus in 1883. It is the most widely distributed of the Pseudaspius species, found over much of the Sea of Japan. It is known to carry a number of parasites, including the trematode species Centrocestus armatus (for which it is a second intermediate host), and the copepod species Ergasilus fidiformis, which is carried in the fish's gills.

Albert Günther
Albert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS, also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Günther (3 October 1830 – 1 February 1914), was a German-born British zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. Günther is ranked the second-most productive reptile taxonomist (after George Albert Boulenger) with more than 340 reptile species described and the third-most productive fish taxonomist with about 1600 fish species described.
So (dairy product)
So (蘇, originally 酥) was a type of dairy product made in Japan between the seventh and 10th centuries. According to Engishiki, so was introduced from Baekje, and acted as a gift in kind to the emperors. Daigo was produced by further processing of so.

The first record of so was made during the era of Emperor Mommu (697–707 AD). Tennyakuryo, then a part of the Ministry of Imperial Household, was responsible for the production of so. It was used as a medicine and as an offering to gods.

The production sites known to date include Ajifu in Settsu (present-day Higashiyodogawa-ku in Osaka). So was made by solidifying layers of milk skin. The flavor was light, similar to that of cottage cheese.

Settsu Province
Settsu Province (摂津国, Settsu no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [seꜜt.tsɯ (no kɯ.ɲi), set.tsɯꜜ-]) was a province of Japan, which today comprises the southeastern part of Hyōgo Prefecture and the northern part of Osaka Prefecture. It was also referred to as  Tsu Province (津国, Tsu no Kuni, [tsɯꜜ (no kɯ.ɲi)]) or  Sesshū (摂州).

Osaka and Osaka Castle were the main center of the province. Most of Settsu's area comprises the modern day cities of Osaka and Kōbe.
Spencer Kimball (computer programmer)
Spencer Kimball is an American computer programmer, entrepreneur, and business executive. He is the CEO of Cockroach Labs, a company he co-founded in 2014. His work as a programmer includes creating GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP) while still in college, and assisting the source code development of CockroachDB, the namesake software of Cockroach Labs. In addition to Cockroach Labs, Kimball was involved in the founding of other tech startups including WeGo and Viewfinder.

Programmer
A programmer, computer programmer or coder is an author of computer source code – someone with skill in computer programming.
The professional titles software developer and software engineer may be used for jobs that require a programmer.
Malung-Sälen Municipality
Malung-Sälen Municipality (Swedish: Malung-Sälens kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Malung.

Malung Municipality was created in 1971 by the amalgamation of "old" Malung with the adjacent entities Lima and Transtrand. In 2007 the Government of Sweden decided to approve the present name, which took effect on 1 January 2008. The reason for the double name, the only of its kind in Sweden, is to promote the skiing resort area Sälen in the northern part of the municipality.

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Murray Tosh
Neil Murray Tosh (born 1 September 1950) is a retired Scottish Conservative Party politician who served as a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the South of Scotland region (1999–2003) and the West of Scotland region (2003–07).

South of Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)
South of Scotland was one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament when it was created in 1999. The region was replaced with South Scotland in 2011 following a review.

Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies were sub-divisions of the region and it elected seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elected a total of 16 MSPs.

The region had boundaries with the West of Scotland, Central Scotland and Lothians regions.
Mick Regan
Michael Regan (1931 - 8 December 2018) was an Irish hurler who played for club sides Doneraile and New Ireland. He played for the Cork senior hurling team between 1955 and 1959, during which time he usually lined out as a right wing-forward.

Doneraile GAA
Doneraile GAA club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Doneraile, County Cork, Ireland. The club fields teams in both hurling and Gaelic football. The club is a member of the Avondhu division of Cork GAA.
Mark Steele (politician)
Mark Steele is a South African politician with the opposition Democratic Alliance. He is a member of the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature. Steele was elected to Parliament for the DA in 2009. His constituency in the Kwa-Zulu Natal Provincial Legislature is Ugu North, KwaZulu Natal. He transferred to KwaZulu-Natal in 2011 when he traded places with former caucus leader John Steenhuisen. Steele has also been a ward councillor.

KwaZulu-Natal Legislature
The KwaZulu-Natal Legislature is the primary legislative body of the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal. It is unicameral in its composition and elects the premier and the provincial cabinet from among the leading party or coalition members in the parliament. Thami Ntuli of the Inkatha Freedom Party was elected Premier of KwaZulu-Natal at the first sitting of the provincial legislature on 14 June 2024.
Chief veterinary officer
Chief veterinary officer (CVO) is the head of a veterinary authority (typically a national government service comprising veterinarians, other professionals and paraprofessionals). They have the responsibility and competence for ensuring or supervising the implementation in their nation of animal health and welfare measures, international veterinary certification and other standards and recommendations. The World Organization for Animal Health recognizes the notion of chief veterinary officers. The Council of the European Union also realizes the importance of the chief veterinary officers, and founded a preparatory body called Working Party of Chief Veterinary Officers. Typical responsibilities of a chief veterinary officer are to organize and operate a country's animal health and animal protection service and veterinary public health service, covering food chain safety, control of zoonoses, environmental contamination and role of animals in the society.

Veterinarian
A veterinarian (vet) or veterinary surgeon is a medical professional who practices veterinary medicine. They manage a wide range of health conditions and injuries in non-human animals. Along with this, veterinarians also play a role in animal reproduction, health management, conservation, husbandry and breeding and preventive medicine like nutrition, vaccination and parasitic control as well as biosecurity and zoonotic disease surveillance and prevention.
Anti-miscegenation cases in the American West
Anti-miscegenation cases in the American West were legal cases in which the government attempted to interfere with marriages between people of different racial, ethnic, or political backgrounds in the American West.

During the fur trade of the 18th and early 19th century, White European trappers and traders often married into Indigenous nations. Even as the fur trade declined in the 19th century and American policy discouraged intermarriage, European American men continued to marry Native American women, and American West territories and states passed a series of contradictory laws to govern these unions. Indigenous women identified with multiple nationalities as political boundaries shifted and blurred the lines among tribal, territorial, state, and national statuses and identities. American policy also discouraged intermarriage between European American men and Asian American women. Anti-miscegenation laws emerged when inheritance was questioned in probate cases.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.