hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
P. B. Illangasinghe
Punchi Banda Elangasinha, Rate Mahatmaya (Sinhala: පුංචි බණ්ඩා ඉලන්ගසිංහ; 6 April 1888 – 22 September 1960) was a Sri Lankan notary public, traditional eye doctor, astrologist and musicologist. He is best known for writing the anthems of Dharmaraja College, Hillwood College, and Rahula College as well as the first national anthem of Sri Lanka (then Ceylon), “Sri Lanka Matha Pala Yasa Mahima Jaya Jaya” in collaboration with Lionel Edirisinghe

Dharmaraja College
Dharmaraja College (Sinhala: ධර්මරාජ  විද්‍යාලය), founded in 1887, is a boys' school in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It is a Buddhist school with around 300+ teaching staff and over 4,000 students.

A land area of 220,000 square metres (54 acres) is owned by the school spreading over half of the Dharmaraja hill. Dharmaraja has one of the oldest scout troops in the world, the 1st Kandy Dharmaraja Scout Group, which was established in 1913. It is one of the first Sri Lankan schools to start playing cricket. It has consistently ranked among the first two boys schools in Sri Lanka in the preference rankings based on year 5 scholarship examinees' preferences.
A Bushman's Song
"A Bushman's Song" (1892) is a poem by Australian poet A. B. Paterson.

It was originally published in The Bulletin on 24 December 1892, with the title "Travelling Down the Castlereagh", and subsequently reprinted in a collection of the author's poems, other newspapers and periodicals and a number of Australian poetry anthologies.

Banjo Paterson
Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson (17 February 1864 – 5 February 1941) was an Australian bush poet, journalist and author, widely considered one of the greatest writers of Australia's colonial period.

Born in rural New South Wales, Paterson worked as a lawyer before transitioning into literature, where he quickly gained recognition for capturing the life of the Australian bush. A representative of the Bulletin School of Australian literature, Paterson wrote many of his best known poems for the nationalist journal The Bulletin, including "Clancy of the Overflow" (1889) and "The Man from Snowy River" (1890). His 1895 ballad "Waltzing Matilda" is regarded widely as Australia's unofficial national anthem and, according to the National Film and Sound Archive, has been recorded more than any other Australian song.
Ruby Sophia Rich
Ruby Sophia Rich MBE (23 June 1888 – 10 May 1988) was an Australian feminist involved in numerous women's organizations, a family planning pioneer, a pianist and a Jewish community leader, who was also actively involved in the 1975 International Women's Year.

International Women's Year
International Women's Year (IWY) was the name given to 1975 by the United Nations. Since that year March 8 has been celebrated as International Women's Day, and the United Nations Decade for Women, from 1976 to 1985, was also established.
Vosges Matin
Vosges Matin (French pronunciation: [voʒ matɛ̃] ⓘ, lit. 'Vosges Morning') is a French regional daily newspaper focusing particularly on news from the Vosges department and its neighboring departments of Meurthe-et-Moselle, Meuse, Haute-Saône, Doubs and Territoire de Belfort. Its headquarters are in Épinal.

Vosges (department)
Vosges (French pronunciation: [voʒ] ⓘ) is a department in the Grand Est region, Northeastern France. It covers part of the Vosges mountain range, after which it is named. Vosges consists of three arrondissements, 17 cantons and 507 communes, including Domrémy-la-Pucelle, where Joan of Arc was born. In 2019, it had a population of 364,499 with an area of 5,874 km2 (2,268 sq mi); its prefecture is Épinal.
Danail Bachkov
Danail Bachkov  (Bulgarian: Данаил Бачков; born 21 December 1976)  is a former Bulgarian professional footballer who played as a right-back and a football manager who currently manages Levski Karlovo. Bachkov was capped two times for the Bulgarian national team.

FC Levski Karlovo
Levski Karlovo (Bulgarian: Левски Карлово) is a Bulgarian football club based in Karlovo, Plovdiv Province. Founded in 1923, it currently competes in the South-East Third League. The club's colors are blue and white. Levski Karlovo is where Bulgarian international Petar Aleksandrov began his career.
Chilodontidae
Chilodontidae is a taxonomic name that has been given to three families:

Chilodontidae, a former family name for a group within the Ciliophora, now suppressed by an ICZN ruling in 2024

Chilodontidae (formerly "Chilodontaidae"), a family of gastropods from the order Neritoidea

Chilodidae (formerly "Chilodontidae"), a small family of ray-finned fishes from the order Characiformes

Chilodontaidae
Chilodontaidae is a taxonomic family of mostly small deepwater sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Vetigastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Almaden Mine
Almaden Mine can refer to:

Mercury (quicksilver) mines in the Spanish city of Almadén, Ciudad Real, now a World Heritage site (Heritage of Mercury. Almadén and Idrija).

Mercury (quicksilver) mines in New Almaden, California, USA. Now Almaden Quicksilver County Park.

Province of Ciudad Real
The province of Ciudad Real (Spanish: [θjuˈðað reˈal] ⓘ) is a province in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Cuenca, Albacete, Jaén, Córdoba, Badajoz, and Toledo. It is partly located in the old natural region of La Mancha. Its capital is Ciudad Real. It is the third largest province by area in all of Spain, after Cáceres and Badajoz. The historic comarca Campo de Calatrava is located in the center of the province.
Pteropelyx
Pteropelyx (meaning "winged pelvis") is a dubious genus of Late Cretaceous hadrosaurid dinosaur from the Judith River Formation of Montana, named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1889. Historically, several species were assigned to it, all based on extremely fragmentary remains, but there is no evidence to support these assignments, making the type species, P. grallipes, the only valid species. Most of these other species' remains likely belong to better-known hadrosaurs, such as Lambeosaurus and Gryposaurus.  It is probable that the type material of Pteropelyx, a skeleton lacking a skull, is from Corythosaurus (making Pteropelyx its senior synonym) (Brett-Surman, 1989), but the lack of a skull makes such a synonymy impossible to determine with sure certainty as no certain evidence pertain to prove the organ to be present.

Judith River Formation
The Judith River Formation is a fossil-bearing geologic formation in Montana, and is part of the Montana Group.  It dates to the Late Cretaceous, between 79 and 75.3 million years ago, corresponding to the "Judithian" land vertebrate age. It was laid down during the same time period as portions of the Two Medicine Formation of Montana and the Oldman Formation of Alberta.
It is an historically important formation, explored by early American paleontologists such as Edward Drinker Cope, who named several dinosaurs from scrappy remains found here on his 1876 expedition (such as Monoclonius).  Modern work has found nearly complete skeletons of the hadrosaurid Brachylophosaurus.
A Rare Benedictine: The Advent of Brother Cadfael
A Rare Benedictine: The Advent of Brother Cadfael is a collection of three short stories by Ellis Peters, featuring her medieval detective, Brother Cadfael, first published in 1988.

In her foreword to the collection, Peters stated that, after introducing Cadfael in her novel A Morbid Taste for Bones, she was not interested in writing a novel depicting him during the pre-monastic phase of his life (i.e., during his adventures in The Holy Land as a crusader and sea captain), but did want to provide a brief look at how he came to renounce his former life and become a monk.

Monasticism
Monasticism (from Ancient Greek  μοναχός (monakhós) 'solitary, monastic'; from  μόνος (mónos) 'alone'), also called monachism or monkhood, is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual activities. Monastic life plays an important role in many Christian churches, especially in the Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican traditions as well as in other faiths such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. In other religions, monasticism is generally criticized and not practiced, as in Islam and Zoroastrianism; or plays a marginal role, as in modern Judaism.

Many monastics live in abbeys, convents, monasteries, or priories to separate themselves from the secular world, unless they are in mendicant or missionary orders.
Abeokuta South
Abeokuta SouthListenⓘ  is a Local Government Area in Ogun State, Nigeria. The headquarters of the LGA are at Ake Abeokuta7°09′00″N 3°21′00″E﻿ / ﻿7.15000°N 3.35000°E﻿ / 7.15000; 3.35000.

It has an area of 71 km2 and a population of 250,278 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 110.

It was represented by Dimeji Bankole, the former speaker of the House of Representatives, from 2003 to 2011.

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
Disini v. Secretary of Justice
Disini v. Secretary of Justice, 727 Phil. 28 (2014), is a landmark ruling of the Supreme Court of the Philippines handed down on February 18, 2014. When the Congress of the Philippines passed the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 the bill was immediately controversial, especially its strict penalties for the new crime of "cyberlibel", an upgraded form of the already existing criminal libel charge found in the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines.

In the end, the Court declared that most of the law, including the cyberlibel provision, was constitutional. The ruling's abridgement of free expression has been widely criticized by critics of the law, including then attorney Harry Roque. The decision reached in Disini paved the way for the anti-fake news provisions of the Bayanihan to Heal as One Act.

Bayanihan to Heal as One Act
The Bayanihan to Heal as One Act, also known as the Bayanihan Act, and officially designated as Republic Act No. 11469, is a law in the Philippines that was enacted in March 2020 granting the President additional authority to combat the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. The word "bayanihan" is a Tagalog word for communal work.
Tourism in Abkhazia
Tourism in Abkhazia has been an important part of its economy. Visiting Abkhazia for non-Georgian citizens is technically illegal under the Georgian law, by which the Georgian government prohibits most foreigners from entering the disputed territory except from the Georgian side, which in turn is not usually allowed by the Abkhaz authorities. Abkhazia continues to be accessible for tourists coming from the Russian side of the Abkhazia–Russia border which is not under Georgian control. Low prices and an absence of any visa requirements attracts Russian tourists, especially those who can not afford the vacations in Turkey, Egypt, Bulgaria and other popular Russian touristic directions.

Iverian Mountain
Iverian Mountain  or Iberian Mountain is a 344-meter (1129 feet) high hill in New Athos, Abkhazia, Georgia. There are ruins of the ancient capital of Abkhazia, Anakopia, on the mountain top. On the mountain northern slope New Athos Cave is located. From the top of Iverian Mountain a scenic view of the Black Sea coast from Bichvinta Cape to Sokhumi opens.
Highland Arts Theatre
The Highland Arts Theatre is a historic building, first constructed as a Presbyterian Church, now operating an arts and culture centre in Sydney, Cape Breton Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. It was initially constructed as St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church.

In June 2014 St. Andrew's reopened as the Highland Arts Theatre, a live play and film theatre and concert venue located in Sydney's waterfront district.

Molding (decorative)
Molding (spelled moulding and alternatively called coving in British and Australian English), is a strip of material with various profiles used to cover transitions between surfaces or for decoration. It is traditionally made from solid milled wood or plaster, but may be of plastic or reformed wood.  In classical architecture and sculpture, the molding is often carved in marble or other stones.  In historic architecture, and some expensive modern buildings, it may be formed in place with plaster.

A "plain" molding has right-angled upper and lower edges. A "sprung" molding has upper and lower edges that bevel towards its rear,  allowing mounting between two non-parallel planes (such as a wall and a ceiling), with an open space behind. Moldings may be decorated with paterae as long, uninterrupted elements may be boring for eyes.
BM Jain
BM Jain is an Indian political scientist and Sinologist, who has developed and popularized psycho-cultural and geopsychological paradigms in the field of international relations (IR) and international security. He has developed the theory of geopsychology in IR as an alternative to  mainstream IR theories. He defines it as "a set of perceptions, images, and belief systems, formed of shared history, culture, nationalism, religion, and ethnicity, which shape the mindsets and behavioral patterns of non-state and authoritarian actors and communities inhabiting a specific geographical area." In understanding China's foreign policy behavior, for instance, he has applied the geopsychology theoretical framework that lists core elements of China's geopsychology: Century of humiliation, the Middle Kingdom syndrome, cultural pride, nationalism, strategic culture, and the anti-hegemony discourse.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Clifford Brown Jazz Festival
The Clifford Brown Jazz Festival is a free jazz music festival held annually in June at Rodney Square in Wilmington, Delaware, US. The first festival was held in 1989 on the open lawn in the center of the city, and has grown into the largest free jazz festival on the East Coast. The event is held to keep alive the memory of Clifford Brown, who died in a traffic accident in 1956 along with pianist Richie Powell. Pieces written by Brown and tribute pieces (like Benny Golson's "I Remember Clifford") are often played. Some acts have been staged at the Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library, where a fee was charged.

Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library
Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library is an American estate and museum in Winterthur, Delaware. Winterthur houses one of the richest collections of Americana in the United States. The museum and estate were the home of Henry Francis du Pont (1880–1969), Winterthur's founder and a prominent antiques collector and horticulturist.
The Frontier
The Frontier can refer to:

The Frontier (1991 film), a 1991 Chilean film directed by Ricardo P. Larrain

The Frontier (2014 film), an American drama film by Matt Rabinowitz

The Frontier (2015 film), an American crime film

The Frontier (Hong Kong), a defunct political group in Hong Kong

The Frontier (Hong Kong, 2010), a political group in Hong Kong

The Frontier (website), an investigative news website in Oklahoma, U.S.

The Frontier (North American history), the American frontier during the period of western expansion

Fallout: The Frontier, a mod for Fallout: New Vegas.

The Frontier, previous name for the New Frontier Hotel and Casino

The Frontier (1991 film)
The Frontier (Spanish: La Frontera) is a 1991 Chilean drama film, directed by Ricardo Larraín and starring Patricio Contreras and Gloria Laso. Larraín won the Silver Bear for an outstanding single achievement at the 42nd Berlin International Film Festival. The film was submitted as Chile's entry for the Best Foreign Language Film category at the 64th Academy Awards, but was not nominated.
Calderitas, Quintana Roo
Calderitas is a city in the municipality of Othón P. Blanco, which is part of the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. It is situated on the east coast of the Yucatán Peninsula, in Chetumal Bay, just northeast of the city of Chetumal.

Because of its close proximity to the Caribbean coastline, it is vulnerable to hurricanes. Hurricane Janet and Hurricane Dean, both Category 5 storms, made landfall near Calderitas in 1955 and 2007 respectively.

There are beaches and a boat ramp, many restaurants, bars, beach resorts and other types of lodging in Calderitas, and the archaeological zone of Oxtankah is located 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) from the center of town.

Othón P. Blanco, Quintana Roo
Othón P. Blanco is one of the eleven subdivisions (municipios) of the Mexican state of  Quintana Roo. It had a 2020 census population of 233,648 people. Its municipal seat is the city of Chetumal, which also serves as the state capital. The municipality is named after Othón P. Blanco Núñez de Cáceres.

The municipal government is headed by the municipal president of Othón P. Blanco (mayor of Othón P. Blanco, aka mayor of Chetumal).

It was formerly the fifth-largest municipality in land area in Mexico at 17,189.7 square kilometres (6,637.0 sq mi), occupying more than a third of the entire state. It lost about 40% of its territory when the Bacalar Municipality was created out of Othón P. Blanco on February 2, 2011.
Bishing
Bishing is a border village in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh in the Upper Siang district, Gelling Circle. It is one of the northernmost populated places of the state, located on the Line of Actual Control with China. The Tsangpo River (Brahmaputra) enters India at Bishing, from where it is known as the "Siang River". Across the border in Tibet lies the Medog County with the Namcha Barwa mountain and the Tsangpo gorge.

Yarlung Tsangpo
The Yarlung Tsangpo, also called Yarlung Zangbo (Tibetan: ཡར་ཀླུངས་གཙང་པོ་, Wylie: yar kLungs gTsang po, ZWPY: Yarlung Zangbo) and Yalu Zangbu River (Chinese: 雅鲁藏布江; pinyin: Yǎlǔzàngbù Jiāng) is the upper course of Brahmaputra River. It flows through the Tibet Autonomous Region of China and Arunachal Pradesh state of India. It is the longest river of Tibet and the fifth longest in China. The upper section is also called Dangque Zangbu meaning "Horse River".

Originating from the Angsi Glacier in western Tibet, southeast of Mount Kailash and Lake Manasarovar, it later forms the South Tibet Valley. When leaving the Tibetan Plateau, the river forms the world's largest and deepest canyon, Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon. before passing into Arunachal Pradesh where it gets far wider and is called the Siang. After reaching Assam, the river becomes known as the Brahmaputra.
Luca Ansoldi
Luca Ansoldi (born January 5, 1982, in Merano, Italy) is an Italian professional ice hockey player currently playing for HC Merano of the Italian Hockey League. He has previously played in Serie A for Ritten Sport, SG Cortina, HC Bolzano and Hockey Milano Rossoblu.

Ansoldi participated at the 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010 and 2012 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Italian national team. He also played in the 2006 Winter Olympics.

Italy men's national ice hockey team
The Italian men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of Italy, and is controlled by the Federazione Italiana Sport del Ghiaccio (FISG), a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation.
Cowlishaw
Cowlishaw is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gillian Cowlishaw (born 1934), New Zealand-born anthropologist

James Cowlishaw (1834–1929), Australia architect, businessman and politician

Mary Lou Cowlishaw (1932–2010), American politician

Mike Cowlishaw, computer scientist

Tim Cowlishaw (born 1955), American sportswriter

William Harrison Cowlishaw (1869–1957), British architect

Mary Lou Cowlishaw
Mary Lou (née Miller) Cowlishaw (February 20, 1932 – June 23, 2010) was an American journalist and politician.

Born in Rockford, Illinois, Cowlishaw received her bachelor's degree in journalism from University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and did graduate work at Northwestern University. She then worked on the editorial board of the Naperville Sun newspaper. Cowlishaw served on the Naperville, Illinois Board of Education from 1972 to 1983 and was a Republican. Then Cowlishaw served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1983 until 2002. She was an adjunct professor at North Central College. She also wrote a book about the history of the Naperville Municipal Band: This Band's Has Been Here Quite a Spell. Cowlishaw died in Naperville, Illinois where she had lived since 1958.
Palustris Experimental Forest
Palustris Experimental Forest is an experimental forest operated by the Southern Research Station (SRS) of the United States Forest Service in Rapides Parish, Louisiana. It is located south of Alexandria, Louisiana within the Kisatchie National Forest. The experimental forest bears the name of the predominant pine species (Pinus palustris) that covered this region before the virgin pine forests were harvested in the early 1900s.

Longleaf pine
The longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) is a pine species native to the Southeastern United States, found along the coastal plain from East Texas to southern Virginia, extending into northern and central Florida. In this area it is also known as "yellow pine" or "long leaf yellow pine", although it is properly just one out of a number of species termed yellow pine.  It reaches a height of 30–35 m (98–115 ft) and a diameter of 0.7 m (28 in). In the past, before extensive logging, they reportedly grew to 47 m (154 ft) with a diameter of 1.2 m (47 in). The tree is a cultural symbol of the Southern United States, being the official state tree of Alabama. This particular species is one of the eight pine tree species that falls under the "Pine" designation as the state tree of North Carolina.
Other Space
Other Space is an American science fiction comedy television series created by Paul Feig for Yahoo! Screen. Set in the 22nd century, it follows the dysfunctional crew of an exploratory spaceship who become trapped in an unknown universe.

The first season of eight episodes premiered on April 14, 2015. The series was not renewed for a second season due to Yahoo! Screen being shut down the following year. The rights for Other Space were later picked up by DUST, which began streaming the series in August 2020.

Gunpowder & Sky
Gunpowder & Sky is a Los Angeles–based independent studio that produces feature films, series, short-form content, and podcasts. The company was founded in 2016 by Van Toffler and Floris Bauer. It runs DUST, a sci-fi streaming service featuring short films, series, and behind-the-scenes content, and ALTER, a horror brand that streams on selected TV platforms.