hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clarence W. Wigington
Clarence Wesley "Cap" Wigington (1883-1967) was an American architect who grew up in Omaha, Nebraska. After winning three first prizes in charcoal, pencil, and pen and ink at an art competition during the Trans-Mississippi Exposition in 1899, Wigington went on to become a renowned architect across the Midwestern United States, at a time when African-American architects were few. Wigington was the nation's first black municipal architect, serving 34 years as senior designer for the City of Saint Paul, Minnesota's architectural office when the city had an ambitious building program. Sixty of his buildings still stand in St. Paul, with several recognized on the National Register of Historic Places. Wigington's architectural legacy is one of the most significant bodies of work by an African-American architect.

Council architect
A council architect or municipal architect (properly titled county architect, borough architect, city architect or district architect) is an architect employed by a local authority.  The name of the position varies depending on the type of local authority and is similar to that of county surveyor or chief engineer used by some authorities.  Council architects are employed in the United Kingdom but also used in Malta and Ireland.
Naumovka, Kursk Oblast
Naumovka (Russian: Наумовка) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') and the administrative center of Naumovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Konyshyovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  116 (2010 Census); 208 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Madison Media Institute
Madison Media Institute (MMI) was a private for-profit media arts college in Madison, Wisconsin. Until 2017, it ran a branch location in Edina, Minnesota. The school offered associate and baccalaureate degree programs in video, music production, game design, media technology, graphic design, and web and entertainment business.

MMI closed in 2018.

For-profit higher education in the United States
For-profit higher education in the United States refers to the commercialization and privatization of American higher education institutions. For-profit colleges have been the most recognizable for-profit institutions, and more recently with online program managers, but commercialization has been part of US higher education for centuries. Privatization of public institutions has been increasing since at least the 1980s.
1972 Robinsons department store fire
On 21 November 1972, a fire broke out at a Robinson & Co. department store in Raffles Place, Singapore. The fire killed nine people and is regarded as one of the worst fires in Singapore's history. A subsequent investigation revealed the cause of the fire was a short circuit. Safety recommendations were produced in the investigation report which are still adhered today.

Robinsons Department Stores Online
Robinsons Department Stores Online Pte Ltd (formerly known as Robinsons & Co. Pte Ltd) is an online retail company based in Singapore. The company owned Robinsons department stores in Singapore and Malaysia, which closed in 2021. It also operated the largest department store in the Middle East at the Dubai Festival City before its closure in 2021.

Robinsons Singapore was a member of the International Association of Department Stores from 1997 to 2012.

Robinsons Department Stores Online Pte Ltd is currently part of the Australia-based wholesale supplier Canningvale Australia.
Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF; Arabic: المجلس الأعلى للقوات المسلحة, al-Maǧlis al-ʾAʿlā lil-Quwwāt al-Musallaḥa, also Higher Council of the Armed Forces) is a statutory body of between 20 and 25 senior officers of the Egyptian Armed Forces, and is headed by President Abdel Fattah еl-Sisi and Lieutenant General Abdel Mageed Saqr. The council is convened only in cases of war or great internal emergencies.

As a consequence of the 2011 Egyptian revolution, the SCAF assumed power to govern Egypt from departing President Hosni Mubarak on 11 February 2011, and relinquished power on 30 June 2012 on the inauguration of Mohamed Morsi as president.

Statutory body
A statutory body or statutory authority is a body set up by law (statute) that is authorised to implement certain legislation on behalf of the relevant country or state, sometimes by being empowered or delegated to set rules (for example regulations or statutory instruments) in their field. They are typically found in countries which are governed by a British style of parliamentary democracy such as the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth countries like Australia, Canada, India and New Zealand. They are also found in Hong Kong, Israel and elsewhere. Statutory authorities may also be statutory corporations, if created as a body corporate.
Tourism in Honduras
Honduras is a touristic destination that attracts visitors due to its natural environment, white and dark sand beaches, coral reefs, abundant flora and fauna, colonial era towns, and archaeological sites. Other attractions include the area's customs and traditional foods. In 2019 Honduras received 2.8 million foreigners, half of those tourists are cruise passengers.

National Police of Honduras
The National Police of Honduras (founded 5 January 1888) is the uniformed police force of the Republic of Honduras. The force is organised into regional headquarters, municipal headquarters, headquarters of fixed or mobile stations, and police posts. There are at least 360 police centres throughout Honduras. The National Police of Honduras has its headquarters in Tegucigalpa, the capital city of Honduras. The National Police of Honduras is the fourth largest police body in Central America by number of employees (more than Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Belize). It is the sixth largest force in Central America by police officers per capita. The force's patroness is the Virgin of Carmen. On 16 July of each year the "National Police Patroness Day" is celebrated.
Alexander Crawford (cricketer)
Alexander Basil Crawford (24 May 1891 – 10 May 1916) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Warwickshire in the Championship-winning side of 1911 and for Nottinghamshire in 1912. He was born at Coleshill, Warwickshire and died in the fighting of the First World War at Laventie and Richebourg, France.

Coleshill, Warwickshire
Coleshill (/ˈkoʊzɪl/ KOH-zil) is a market town and civil parish in the North Warwickshire district of Warwickshire, England, taking its name from the River Cole, on which it stands. It had a population of 6,900 in the 2021 Census, and is situated 11 miles (18 km) east of Birmingham, 8.5 miles (13.7 km) southeast of Sutton Coldfield, 11 miles (18 km) south of Tamworth, 13 miles (21 km) northwest of Coventry by road and 12.5 miles (20 km) west of Nuneaton. It borders the suburban parish village of Kingshurst in the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull to the west. It is also home to the 505-year-old Coleshill School seated next to the dual carriageway.
Global Expansion Summit
Global Expansion Summit is a business conference on corporate global expansion and foreign direct investment for business and government leaders. Focusing on organisations undergoing digital transformation, it is designed to help corporate decision makers find the best markets and business partners to facilitate successful business growth and efficiencies as they expand into new international markets.

Global Expansion Summit was founded in 2015 and was led by Fernando Faria, a former GSM Association director who led Mobile World Congress research and conference programmes. Fernando was behind the innovaBRICS event from 2012 to 2014, which discussed investment, innovation and business expansion in the BRICS countries.

Jim O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of Gatley
Terence James O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of Gatley (born 17 March 1957) is an English economist best known for coining BRIC, the acronym that stands for Brazil, Russia, India, and China—the four once-rapidly developing countries that he predicted would challenge the global economic power of the developed G7 economies. He is also a former chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset Management and former Conservative government minister.

O'Neill was Commercial Secretary to the Treasury in the Second Cameron Ministry from May 2015 to September 2016. He chaired the UK's Independent Review into Antimicrobial Resistance from 2014 to 2016. He was the chairman of the Council of Chatham House, the Royal Institute of International Affairs from 2018 to 2021.
Swami Vivekananda Airport
Swami Vivekananda Airport (IATA: RPR, ICAO: VERP), formerly known as Mana Airport, is a domestic airport serving the Raipur Metropolitan Region in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. The airport is located at Mana, about 15 km (9.3 mi) south-east of Raipur and 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Naya Raipur. On 24 January 2012, the airport was renamed after Hindu monk and philosopher Swami Vivekananda, who spent his youth in Raipur between 1877 and 1879. Between April 2024 and March 2025, it handled around 2.6 million passengers, and is the busiest airport by passenger traffic in the state, and the second-busiest in Central India after Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Airport in Indore.

Raipur Metropolitan Region
Raipur Metropolitan Region, also known as the Raipur Metropolitan Area and Greater Raipur, is the Urban Agglomeration of Raipur-Naya Raipur and some part of Durg Bhilai in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. The area is administered by the Raipur Development Authority, Raipur Municipal Corporation, Nava Raipur Vikas Pradikaran,Birgaon Municipal Corporation,Bhilai-Charoda Municipal Corporation,Risali Municipal Corporation,Durg Municipal Corporation and numerous smaller urban bodies.
Northland (Columbus, Ohio)
Northland is a residential and commercial area in northeast Columbus, Ohio. The area is served by the Northland Community Council, which oversees land east of Worthington, roughly north of Morse Road, south of I-270, and west of New Albany, including the neighborhood Forest Park and the independent village of Minerva Park.

The area has one of the largest populations of new American citizens in Columbus, including thousands of refugees from Nepal, Somalia, and Bhutan.

Columbus Global Academy
Columbus Global Academy, commonly referred to as CGA, is a public school located in Columbus, Ohio. It is part of the Columbus City Schools district. The school opened in 2008, but the Columbus City Schools ESL program from which it was formed was founded in 1999. Its purpose is to educate immigrant students e.g. students who are new to the U.S.
Maxim Galitzenstein
Maxim Galitzenstein was an Austrian film producer active in the German film industry during the silent era. Of Jewish background, Galitzenstein was associated with the film pioneer Oskar Messter before the First World War.

Along with Paul Ebner he controlled Maxim-Film which had a contract to supply films for release by UFA during the 1920s. He also produced films for distribution by Bavaria Film.

Following the arrival of sound film he left the film business and his later life is unknown.

Cinema of Germany
The cinema of Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century. The film industry in Germany made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology. Babelsberg became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later. Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors heavily contributed to early Hollywood, many of whom were Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution.

Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.

German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins.
Petyt
Petyt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

K. M. Petyt (born 1941), sociolinguist and historian

William Petyt (1640/1641–1707), English barrister and writer

Cyriak Petyt (by 1517–before 1591), English politician

Maria Petyt (1623–1677), Flemish mystic

Cyriak Petyt
Cyriak Petyt (by 1517 – buried 1591), of Boughton under Blean, Kent, was an English politician.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Winchelsea in April 1554 and Chippenham in November 1554.
Karen L. Valihura
Karen Lynn Valihura (born May 16, 1963) is an American lawyer who serves as a justice of the Delaware Supreme Court since 2014. Prior to her appointment, Valihura was a partner at Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, LLP.

In June 2014, Governor Jack Markell nominated Valihura to the Delaware Supreme Court, to replace retiring Justice Jack B. Jacobs. She was confirmed by the Delaware Senate on June 25 and sworn in on July 25 for a 12-year term. She is the second woman to serve on the court, after Justice Carolyn Berger.

In October 2018, Justice Valihura dissented when the majority found that the business judgment rule protected a controlling shareholder even though he did not offer minority shareholder protections until after his initial squeeze-out bid.

Squeeze-out
A squeeze-out or squeezeout, sometimes synonymous with freeze-out, is the compulsory sale of the shares of minority shareholders of a joint-stock company for which they receive a fair cash compensation.

This technique allows one or more shareholders who collectively hold a majority of shares in a corporation to gain ownership of remaining shares in that corporation. The majority shareholders incorporate a second corporation, which initiates a merger with the original corporation. The shareholders using this technique are then in a position to dictate the plan of merger. They force the minority stockholders in the original corporation to accept a cash payment for their shares, effectively "freezing them out" of the resulting company.
222 Lucia
222 Lucia is a large Themistian asteroid. It was discovered by Johann Palisa on 9 February 1882 in Vienna and named after Lucia, daughter of Austro-Hungarian explorer Graf Wilczek.

This object is spectral C-type and is probably composed of primitive carbonaceous material. Based upon analysis of infrared spectra, it has a diameter of 59.8 ± 0.8 km. This object belongs to the Themis family, which was formed by the break-up of a larger parent body about a billion years ago.

C-type asteroid
C-type (carbonaceous /ˌkɑːrbəˈneɪʃəs/) asteroids are the most common variety, forming around 75% of known asteroids. They are volatile-rich and distinguished by a very low albedo because their composition includes a large amount of carbon, in addition to rocks and minerals. They have an average density of about 1.7 g/cm3.

They lie most often at the outer edge of the asteroid belt, 3.5 au (520 million km; 330 million mi) from the Sun, where 80% of the asteroids are of this type, whereas only 40% of asteroids at 2 au (300 million km; 190 million mi) from the Sun are C-type. The proportion of C-types may actually be greater than this, since C-types are much darker (and hence less detectable) than most other asteroid types, except for D-types and others that lie mostly at the extreme outer edge of the asteroid belt.
Cycle of the Werewolf
Cycle of the Werewolf is a horror novella by American writer Stephen King, featuring illustrations by comic-book artist Bernie Wrightson. Each chapter is a short story unto itself. It tells the story of a werewolf haunting a small town as the moon turns full once every month. It was published as a limited-edition hardcover in 1983 by Land of Enchantment, and in 1985 as a mass-market trade paperback by Signet. King also wrote the screenplay for its film adaptation, Silver Bullet (1985). It is King's shortest novel to date at 127 pages, which makes it technically a novella.

Special edition
The terms special edition, limited edition, and variants such as deluxe edition, collector's edition, expanded edition, or nth anniversary edition are used as a marketing incentive for various kinds of products, originally published products related to the arts, such as books, prints, recorded music and films, and video games, but now including clothing, cars, fine wine, and whisky, among other products.  A limited edition is restricted in the number of copies produced, although in fact the number may be very low or very high. Suzuki (2008) defines limited edition products as those “sold in a state that makes them difficult to obtain because of companies limiting their availability to a certain period, quantity, region, or channel". A special edition implies there is extra material of some kind included.  The term is frequently used on DVD film releases, often when the so-called "special" edition is actually the only version released.
Mount Elk Lick
Mount Elk Lick is a 6,517-foot-elevation (1,986-meter) mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Jefferson County of Washington state. It is situated within Olympic National Park, and is set within the Daniel J. Evans Wilderness at the head of Elk Lick Creek. The nearest neighbor is Mount La Crosse, 2.54 mi (4.09 km) to the west, and the nearest higher neighbor is Diamond Mountain, 3.73 mi (6.00 km) to the north-northwest. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains south into the Duckabush River, and north into the Dosewallips River. Topographic relief is significant as the south aspect rises over 4,300 feet (1,300 m) above the Duckabush valley in approximately one mile. The mountain is remote and an ascent can take four days and involves 46 miles of hiking.

Terrain
Terrain (from Latin  terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of a land. In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.
If You Don't Like My Story, Write Your Own
"If You Don't Like My Story, Write Your Own" is the fourth episode of the HBO superhero drama miniseries Watchmen, based on the 1986 DC Comics series of the same name by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons. The episode was written by Damon Lindelof and Christal Henry and directed by Andrij Parekh, and aired on November 10, 2019. The episode introduces the character of Lady Trieu, played by Hong Chau, a wealthy industrialist that had bought out Adrian Veidt's enterprises on his death.

Adrian Veidt
Adrian Alexander Veidt, also known as Ozymandias (/ˌɒzɪˈmændiəs/ OZ-im-AN-dee-əs), is a fictional character and the main antagonist in the graphic novel limited series Watchmen, published by DC Comics. Created by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons, named "Ozymandias" in the manner of Ramesses II, his name recalls the famous poem by Percy Bysshe Shelley, which takes as its theme the fleeting nature of empire and is excerpted as the epigraph of one of the chapters of Watchmen.

Ozymandias is ranked number 25 on Wizard's Top 200 Comic Book Characters list and number 21 on IGN's Top 100 Villains list.

Veidt made his live-action debut in the 2009 film Watchmen, played by Matthew Goode. An older Adrian Veidt appeared in the 2019 limited television series Watchmen, played by Jeremy Irons.
Chris McMillian
Chris McMillian is a New Orleans bartender and a co-founder of the Museum of the American Cocktail. Imbibe magazine mentioned McMillian as one of the top 25 most influential cocktail personalities of the last century.

McMillian, a fourth generation bartender, has been the chief bartender at several New Orleans bars, including the Library Lounge at the Ritz-Carlton New Orleans and Bar UnCommon.  As a cocktail historian, McMillian is known for telling stories or reciting drink-themed poetry while making drinks. McMillian has been mentioned in magazines such as The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal, and has been a public speaker at institutions such as the Smithsonian.

He previously worked as the chief bartender at Kingfish. In addition to bartending, he and his wife, Laura, present cocktail seminars.

In February 2016 McMillan opened Revel in Mid-City New Orleans.

The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company
The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, LLC is an American multinational company that operates the luxury hotel chain known as The Ritz-Carlton. The company has 108 luxury hotels and resorts in 30 countries and territories with 29,158 rooms, in addition to 46 hotels with 8,755 rooms planned for the future.

The current company was founded in 1983, when the previous owners sold the Ritz-Carlton brand name and the Ritz-Carlton hotel in Boston, Massachusetts. The brand was subsequently expanded to other locations. The company is currently a subsidiary of Marriott International.
Jun Murai
Jun Murai (村井 純, Murai Jun; born March 29, 1955 in Tokyo) is a Japanese researcher known for being the founder of influential computer network projects in Japan such as the JUNET and founder of the WIDE Project. He is called by some the "Father of Internet in Japan" and "Internet Samurai." Murai is currently a professor and Dean of the Faculty of Environment and Information Studies at Keio University, as well as President of the Japan Network Information Center.

Murai has received domestic and international awards and recognitions such as the 2011 IEEE Internet Award and entry to the Internet Hall of Fame in 2013.

Internet Hall of Fame
The Internet Hall of Fame is an honorary lifetime achievement award administered by the Internet Society (ISOC) in recognition of individuals who have made significant contributions to the development and advancement of the Internet.
Friction-maxxing
Friction-maxxing is the practice of intentionally choosing less convenient options in daily life to build tolerance for discomfort, resist technology-driven ease, and preserve what proponents describe as meaningful human experiences. The term was coined by columnist Kathryn Jezer-Morton in a January 2026 essay for The Cut.

IKEA effect
The IKEA effect is a cognitive bias in which consumers place a disproportionately high value on products they partially created. The name refers to Swedish manufacturer and furniture retailer IKEA, which sells many items of furniture that require assembly.

A 2011 study found that subjects were willing to pay 63% more for furniture they had assembled themselves than for equivalent pre-assembled items.
Andersson Peak
Andersson Peak (64°52′S 61°2′W﻿ / ﻿64.867°S 61.033°W﻿ / -64.867; -61.033) is an ice-capped peak, 1,230 metres (4,040 ft) high, with rocky exposures on its east side, lying 9 nautical miles (17 km) north of Cape Fairweather and 5 miles (8.0 km) west of Tashukov Nunatak on the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was charted in 1947 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, and named by them for Karl Andreas Andersson, a zoologist with the Swedish Antarctic Expedition, who had explored along this coast in 1902.

Swedish Antarctic Expedition
The Swedish Antarctic Expedition of 1901–1903 was a scientific expedition led by Otto Nordenskjöld and Carl Anton Larsen. It was the first Swedish endeavour to Antarctica in the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.