hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kalinzi
Kalinzi is an administrative ward in Kigoma District of Kigoma Region in Tanzania. 
The ward covers an area of 101.5 km2 (39.2 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 1,311 m (4,301 ft). In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 30,188 people in the ward, from 27,426 in 2012.: 125 : 147

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
Shirl Bernheim
Shirl Bernheim (September 21, 1921 in Manhattan, New York City – March 30, 2009 in Englewood, New Jersey) was an American actress of film and television.

She was born as Shirley Raphael and made her sole appearance on Broadway in her debut in 2000, aged 79, in The Tale of the Allergist's Wife, in which she played "Frieda", the mother of the lead character (played by Linda Lavin and Valerie Harper, consecutively). Bernheim appeared in the play from October 12, 2000, until May 26, 2002.

Starting late in the industry, using her married name as her professional name, Bernheim's film and television career began in 1978 and lasted until 2004, with her second appearance on Law & Order. From 1978 to 1979 she played "Polly the Prize Lady" on The Cheap Show, which was hosted by Dick Martin.

Englewood, New Jersey
Englewood is a city in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the New York metropolitan area. Englewood was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 17, 1899, from portions of Ridgefield Township and the remaining portions of Englewood Township. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 29,308, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 2,161 (+8.0%) from the 2010 census count of 27,147, which in turn reflected an increase of 944 (+3.6%) from the 26,203 counted in the 2000 census.
2024 WNBA playoffs
The 2024 WNBA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the Women's National Basketball Association's 2024 season. The playoffs began on September 22, 2024, and ended on October 20, 2024 with the New York Liberty winning their first championship.

Napheesa Collier
Napheesa Collier (/nəˈfiːsə ˈkɒljər/ nə-FEE-sə KOL-yər; born September 23, 1996), nicknamed "Phee", is an American professional basketball player for the Minnesota Lynx of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and for the Lunar Owls of Unrivaled. Collier is also a founder of the Unrivaled basketball league along with Breanna Stewart. After playing college basketball for the University of Connecticut Huskies, Collier was drafted by the Lynx with the 6th overall pick in the 2019 WNBA draft. She has won two Olympic gold medals playing on the United States women's national basketball team in the Tokyo 2020 and the Paris 2024 games. She is also a vice president on the Women's National Basketball Players Association executive committee.
Eric Bentley
Eric Russell Bentley (September 14, 1916 – August 5, 2020) was a British-born American theater critic, playwright, singer, editor, and translator. In 1998, he was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame. He was also a member of the New York Theater Hall of Fame, recognizing his many years of cabaret performances.

Folkways Records
Folkways Records was a record label founded by Moses Asch that documented folk, world, and children's music. It was acquired by the Smithsonian Institution in 1987 and is now part of Smithsonian Folkways.
Pickering House (Wolfeboro, New Hampshire)
Pickering House is an historic house in the town of Wolfeboro, New Hampshire.  It is located on South Main Street (New Hampshire Route 109) in the town center. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 2019. Pickering House is located approximately 300 feet (91 m) east of Brewster Memorial Hall, which is also listed on the NRHP.

The main house and a barn date to 1813; ells were added circa 1843 and 1870. The house was built by Daniel Pickering, who owned multiple businesses in Wolfeboro and was the town's first postmaster.

In 2016, after the property had fallen into disrepair, it was sold to new owners. They made significant improvements to the property, turning it into a boutique hotel, which opened in 2018.

Ell (architecture)
In architecture, an ell is a wing of a building perpendicular (at a right angle) to the length of the main portion (main range).

It takes its name from the shape of the letter L.  Ells are often additions to a building.  Unless sub-wings or a non-rectangular outline floor plan exists such a wing makes the building L-shaped or T-shaped "in plan" (shape from above/below), though if not central nor at one end of the building the T-shape will be an offset T.  Where a building is aligned closely to cardinal compass points, such a wing may be more informatively described by its related side of the building (such as "south wing of the building").
Varalakshmi
Varalakshmi or Varalaxmi might refer to:

Varalakshmi, another name for the goddess Lakshmi, especially on the day of Varalakshmi Vratam

G. Varalakshmi, veteran South Indian film actress (1926-2006)

P. R. Varalakshmi, South Indian film actress

S. Varalakshmi, veteran South Indian film actress and singer

Varalaxmi Sarathkumar (born 1985), South Indian film actress

S. Varalakshmi
Saridey Varalakshmi (13 August 1925 – 22 September 2009) was an Indian actress and singer who worked in Telugu and Tamil-language films. She was popular for her roles and songs in Telugu films like Sri Venkateswara Mahatyam (1960) and  Mahamantri Timmarasu (1962) and Tamil films like Veerapandiya Kattabomman (1959) and in Poova Thalaiya (1969).
Marloes Mere
Marloes Mere is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (or SSSI) in Pembrokeshire, South Wales. It has been designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest since November 1985 in an attempt to protect its fragile biological elements. The site has an area of 17.17 hectares (42.4 acres) and is managed by Natural Resources Wales.

Natural Resources Wales
Natural Resources Wales (Welsh: Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru) is a Welsh Government sponsored body, which became operational from 1 April 2013, when it took over the management of the natural resources of Wales. It was formed from a merger of the Countryside Council for Wales, Environment Agency Wales, and the Forestry Commission Wales, and also assumed some other roles formerly performed by the Welsh Government.
Hyphema
Hyphema is the  medical condition of bleeding in the anterior chamber of the eye between the iris and the cornea. People usually first notice a loss or decrease in vision. The eye may also appear to have a reddish tinge, or it may appear as a small pool of blood at the bottom of the iris in the cornea. A traumatic hyphema is caused by  a blow to the eye. A hyphema can also occur spontaneously.

Intraocular pressure
Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the fluid pressure inside the eye. Tonometry is the method eye care professionals use to determine this. IOP is an important aspect in the evaluation of patients at risk of glaucoma. Most tonometers are calibrated to measure pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Lennit Max
Lennit Hendry Max (born 1961/62) is a South African politician, advocate and police officer who served as a Member of the Western Cape Provincial Parliament (2014–2018; 2004–2010), as Shadow Deputy Minister of Correctional Services (2010–2014), as Member of the National Assembly (2010–2014) and as Western Cape Provincial Minister of Community Safety (2009–2010).

He was a member of the Freedom Front Plus until his resignation in 2024. He was previously a member of the African National Congress, the Democratic Alliance and the Independent Democrats.

On 22 September 2021, Max was announced as the FF Plus's mayoral candidate for the City of Cape Town ahead of the municipal elections scheduled for 1 November 2021.

In November 2023 he was elected co-deputy leader for the Freedom Front Plus in the Western Cape.

Shadow Cabinet of Lindiwe Mazibuko
The Shadow Cabinet of Lindiwe Mazibuko succeeded the Shadow Cabinet of Athol Trollip as the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet. Not long after Lindiwe Mazibuko was elected as the parliamentary leader by the Democratic Alliance's caucus on 27 October 2011,  she announced a new shadow cabinet, on 1 February 2012.

In her capacity of parliamentary leader, Mazibuko lead the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet and represented party leader Helen Zille in parliament, who was Premier of the Western Cape.  Elected alongside Mazibuko was Watty Watson, as Chief Whip, and former Fulbright Scholar Wilmot James as Chairman of the Caucus.  This Shadow Cabinet included the Democratic Alliance's Federal Executive Chairperson James Selfe, CODESA negotiator Dene Smuts, along with former Fulbright Scholar Sej Motau and Harvard Mason Fellow David Maynier.
Dogliotti's principle
Dogliotti's principle is a principle in epidural anaesthesia first described by  Professor Achille Mario Dogliotti in 1933. It is a method for the identification of the epidural space, a potential space. As a needle is advanced through the ligamentum flavum, to the epidural space, with constant pressure applied to the piston of a syringe, loss of resistance occurs once the needle enters the epidural space due to the change in pressure. The identification of this space, allows subsequent administration of epidural anaesthesia, a technique used primarily for analgesia during childbirth.

This technique remains in use at present, and is commonly referred to the loss of resistance to saline technique (LORS) or its variation, the loss of resistance to air technique (LORA). These use, respectively, saline or air to identify the epidural space. The LORS technique is generally favoured due to the increased complication risk with the LORA technique such as pneumocephalus or air embolism.

Potential space
In anatomy, a potential space is a space between two adjacent structures that are normally pressed together (directly apposed). Many anatomic spaces are potential spaces, which means that they are potential rather than realized (with their realization being dynamic according to physiologic or pathophysiologic events). In other words, they are like an empty plastic bag that has not been opened (two walls collapsed against each other; no interior volume until opened) or a balloon that has not been inflated. The pleural space, between the visceral and parietal pleura of the lung, is a potential space. Though it only contains a small amount of fluid normally, it can sometimes accumulate fluid or air that widens the space. The pericardial space is another potential space that may fill with fluid (effusion) in certain disease states (e.g. pericarditis; a large pericardial effusion may result in cardiac tamponade).
Goldberg–Seymour conjecture
In graph theory, the Goldberg–Seymour conjecture states that, for a multigraph

where  is the edge chromatic number of G,  is its maximum degree, and

This above quantity is twice the arboricity of G. It is sometimes called the density of G.

Here, G can be a multigraph and can have loops. For simple graphs, this result follows from Vizing's theorem.

Loop (graph theory)
In graph theory, a loop (also called a self-loop or a buckle) is an edge that connects a vertex to itself. A simple graph contains no loops.

Depending on the context, a graph or a multigraph may be defined so as to either allow or disallow the presence of loops (often in concert with allowing or disallowing multiple edges between the same vertices):

Where graphs are defined so as to allow loops and multiple edges, a graph without loops or multiple edges is often distinguished from other graphs by calling it a simple graph.

Where graphs are defined so as to disallow loops and multiple edges, a graph that does have loops or multiple edges is often distinguished from the graphs that satisfy these constraints by calling it a multigraph or pseudograph.

In a graph with one vertex, all edges must be loops. Such a graph is called a bouquet.
İncirlikuyu
İncirlikuyu is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 578 (2022). It is situated in Çukurova (Cilicia of the antiquity), to the south of Berdan Dam and to the north of Tarsus. Its distance to Tarsus is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) and its distance to Mersin is 32 kilometres (20 mi). The villages main economic activity is farming, especially grape production.

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Night Club (novel)
Night Club is a 1945 crime thriller novel by the British writer Peter Cheyney. It is often better known by its alternative title Dressed to Kill, the name by which it was published in the United States and subsequent British versions. As with other Cheyney novels it features a hardboiled hero, and dialogue influenced by American-based writers such as Raymond Chandler.

Hardboiled
Hardboiled (or hard-boiled) fiction is a literary genre that shares some of its characters and settings with crime fiction (especially detective fiction and noir fiction). The genre's typical protagonist is a detective who battles the violence of organized crime that flourished during Prohibition in the United States (1920–1933) and its aftermath, while dealing with a legal system that has become as corrupt as the organized crime itself. Rendered cynical by this cycle of violence, the detectives of hardboiled fiction are often antiheroes. Notable hardboiled detectives include Dick Tracy, Philip Marlowe, Nick Charles, Mike Hammer, Sam Spade, Lew Archer, Slam Bradley, and The Continental Op.
Agathobacter rectalis
Agathobacter rectalis is a gram-positive, butyrate-producing, anaerobic, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus of Agathobacter with a single flagellate which occur in the rumen content of sheep and cows.

It is suggested that Eubacterium rectale is a synonym of A. rectalis, but this is not universally accepted.

Reduced numbers of Agathobacter rectalis in the gut may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.

Flagellate
A flagellate is a cell or organism with one or more whip-like appendages called flagella. The word flagellate also describes a particular construction (or level of organization) characteristic of many prokaryotes and eukaryotes and their means of motion. The term presently does not imply any specific relationship or classification of the organisms that possess flagella. However, several derivations of the term "flagellate" (such as "dinoflagellate" and "choanoflagellate") are more formally characterized.
Paul Ausserleitner
Paul Ausserleitner (3 February 1925 – 9 January 1952) was an Austrian ski jumper. He died in an accident in Bischofshofen's ski jumping hill while on a training jump in 1952. To honour his memory, the hill was renamed after the accident to Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze. Ausserleitner holds the hill record in the K-50 hill in Gaisberg, Salzburg with 55 metres (achieved in 1949). The Gaisberg hill was later destroyed.

Gaisberg
The Gaisberg is, at 1,287 meters (4,222 ft) above sea level, a mountain to the east of Salzburg, Austria. It belongs to Salzkammergut Mountains, a range of the Northern Limestone Alps. The mountain is one of the Salzburg Hausberge, a recreational area offering views over the city and the Berchtesgaden Alps in the west. On the top of the mountain is the widely visible Gaisberg Transmitter.
2017–18 SMU Mustangs women's basketball team
The 2017–18 SMU Mustangs women's basketball team represented Southern Methodist University in the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Mustangs, led by second year head coach Travis Mays, played their home games at Moody Coliseum and were fifth year members of the American Athletic Conference.  They finished the season 10–20, 4–12 in AAC play to finish in tenth place. They lost in the first round of the American Athletic women's tournament to East Carolina.

2018 American Athletic Conference women's basketball tournament
The 2018 American Athletic Conference women's basketball tournament was a postseason tournament that was held March 3–6 in the Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, Connecticut. Connecticut, the winner of the American Athletic Tournament, earned an automatic bid to the 2018 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament.
Dąbrowa Wielka, Łódź Voivodeship
Dąbrowa Wielka [dɔmˈbrɔva ˈvjɛlka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sieradz, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south of Sieradz and 60 km (37 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz
Sieradz [ˈɕɛrat͡s] ⓘ (Latin: Siradia) is a city on the Warta river in central Poland with 40,891 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of the Sieradz County, situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. Sieradz is a capital of the historical Sieradz Land.

Sieradz is one of the oldest cities in Poland. It was an important city of medieval Poland, thrice being a location for the election of the Polish monarchs. Polish Kings chaired six assemblies from here. Historically, it was the capital of the Duchy of Sieradz (1263-1339), Sieradz Voivodeship (1339–1793), and Sieradz Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located on the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.
Acropolis of Rhodes
The Acropolis of Rhodes (Greek: Ακρόπολη της Ρόδου) is the acropolis, or upper town, of ancient Rhodes dating from the 5th century BC and located 3 kilometers SW from the centre of the modern city. Situated on Monte Smith overlooking the west coast of the island, the archaeological site includes some of the most important monuments in the ancient city, such as the Temple of Athena Polias and Zeus Polieus and the Temple of Apollo, below which are a stadium, an odeon and a gymnasium. Unlike other acropoleis, no walled citadel was built here.

Gymnasium (ancient Greece)
The gymnasium (Ancient Greek: γυμνάσιον, romanized: gymnásion) in Ancient Greece functioned as a training facility for competitors in public games. It was also a place for socializing and engaging in intellectual pursuits. The name comes from the Ancient Greek term gymnós, meaning "naked" or "nude". Only adult male citizens were allowed to use the gymnasia.

Athletes competed nude, a practice which was said to encourage aesthetic appreciation of the male body, and to be a tribute to the gods. Gymnasia and palaestrae (wrestling schools) were under the protection and patronage of Heracles, Hermes and, in Athens, Theseus.
Federation of Students
Federation of Students can be for:

Australian Liberal Students Federation

Black African Students Federation in France

Canadian Federation of Students

Canadian Federation of Engineering Students

Federation of Conservative Students

Federation of Student Islamic Societies

Hong Kong Federation of Students

Student Federation of the University of Ottawa

Students' Federation of India

University of Waterloo Federation of Students

York Federation of Students

Federation of Student Islamic Societies
The Federation of Student Islamic Societies (FOSIS) is a national umbrella organisation aimed at supporting and representing Islamic societies at colleges and universities in the United Kingdom and Ireland. FOSIS was established in 1963 and is one of the oldest Muslim student organisations in the United Kingdom.
Lokot, Bryansk Oblast
Lokot (Russian: Ло́коть) is an urban locality (a work settlement) and the administrative center of the Brasovsky District of Bryansk Oblast, Russia. Population: 8,469 (2021 Census); 10,028 (2010 Census); 12,094 (2002 Census); 11,191 (1989 Soviet census).

Bryansk Oblast
Bryansk Oblast (Russian: Бря́нская о́бласть, romanized: Bryanskaya oblastʹ), also known as Bryanshchina (Брянщина, IPA: [ˈbrʲænʲɕːɪnə]), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Bryansk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 1,169,161.
Adrenal androgen-stimulating hormone
Adrenal androgen stimulating hormone (AASH), also known as cortical androgen stimulating hormone (CASH), is a hypothetical hormone which has been proposed to stimulate the adrenal glands to produce adrenal androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and androstenedione (A4). It is hypothesized to be involved in adrenarche and adrenopause. The existence of this hormone is controversial and disputed and it has not been identified to date. A number of other mechanisms and/or hormones may instead play the functional role of the so-called AASH.

Dehydroepiandrosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), also known as androstenolone, is an endogenous steroid hormone precursor. It is one of the most abundant circulating steroids in humans. DHEA is produced in the adrenal glands, the gonads, and the brain. It functions as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the androgen and estrogen sex steroids both in the gonads and in various other tissues. However, DHEA also has a variety of potential biological effects in its own right, binding to an array of nuclear and cell surface receptors, and acting as a neurosteroid and modulator of neurotrophic factor receptors.

In the United States, DHEA is sold as an over-the-counter supplement, and medication called prasterone.
Jacques de Champlain
Jacques de Champlain, OC (French pronunciation: [ʒak də ʃɑ̃plɛ̃]; 13 March 1938 - 15 July 2009) was a scientist, doctor and professor from the Province of Quebec.

Jacques de Champlain was a graduate of the Université de Montréal and McGill University and a pioneer in research on the nervous system. He was also a member of the Royal Society of Canada, an Officer of the Order of Canada and an Officer of the Ordre national du Québec. He was a research professor in the Departments of Physiology and Medicine at the Université de Montréal. De Champlain died of a heart attack.

Royal Society of Canada
The Royal Society of Canada (RSC; French: Société royale du Canada, SRC), also known as the Academies of Arts, Humanities, and Sciences of Canada (French: Académies des arts, des lettres et des sciences du Canada), is the senior national, bilingual council of distinguished Canadian scholars, humanists, scientists, and artists in Canada.

As Canada's national academy, the RSC exists to promote Canadian research and scholarly accomplishment in both of Canada's official languages; advise governments, non-governmental organizations, and Canadians generally on matters of public interest; recognize academic and artistic excellence; and mentor young scholars and artists.