hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nicotinate N-methyltransferase
In enzymology, a nicotinate N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + nicotinate  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-methylnicotinate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and nicotinate, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and N-methylnicotinate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:nicotinate N-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include furanocoumarin 8-methyltransferase, and furanocoumarin 8-O-methyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) is the biosynthetic precursor to homocysteine.  SAH is formed by the demethylation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Adenosylhomocysteinase converts SAH into homocysteine and adenosine.
Selo sanatoriya imeni Chekhova
Selo sanatoriya imeni Chekhova (Russian: Село санатория имени Чехова; Bashkir: Чехов А.П. исемендәге шифахана ауылы, Çexov A.P. isemedäge şifaxana awılı) is a rural locality (a selo) in Vozdvizhensky Selsoviet, Alsheyevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 168 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

Alsheyevsky District
Alsheyevsky District (Russian: Альше́евский райо́н; Bashkir and Tatar: Әлшәй районы, Älşäy rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic. The area of the district is 2,415 square kilometers (932 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Rayevsky. As of the 2021 Russian census, Alsheyevsky District has a population of 36,799.
Shinners
Shinners is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chris Shinners (born 1952), Australian rower

John Shinners (1947-2022), American football player

Kevin Shinners (born 1945), Australian rules footballer

Lloyd Herbert Shinners (1918–1971), American botanist

Paul Shinners (born 1959), British footballer

Ralph Shinners (1895–1962), American baseball player

Chris Shinners
Chris D. Shinners (born 8 June 1952) is an Australian rower. He was a six-time Australian champion who represented at world championships and competed in the men's coxless pair event at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
Illinois Valley Airport
Illinois Valley Airport (FAA LID: 3S4) is a county-owned public-use airport located four miles (6.4 km) southwest of the central business district of Cave Junction, a city in Josephine County, Oregon, United States.

Josephine County, Oregon
Josephine County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 88,090. The county seat is Grants Pass. The county is named after Virginia Josephine Rollins (1834–1912), a settler who was the first white woman to live in the county's boundaries. Josephine County comprises the Grants Pass, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Medford-Grants Pass, OR Combined Statistical Area.
Public Kitchen & Bar
Public Kitchen & Bar (stylized as PUBLIC Kitchen & Bar) is a tapas-style bistro in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada, located at 300 Victoria St. N. The restaurant began as a catering business, before opening its first brick-and-mortar location in 2013. The restaurant is owned by Carly Blasutti and Ryan Murphy. In 2017, the restaurant moved to a much larger location. The menu frequently changes, and consists of tapas-style shareable plates. The food is mainly Spanish cuisine, but takes inspiration from a variety of other cuisines.

Kitchener, Ontario
Kitchener is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, about 100 km (62 mi) west of Toronto. It is one of three cities that make up the Regional Municipality of Waterloo and is the regional seat. Kitchener was known as Berlin until a 1916 referendum changed its name. The city covers an area of 136.86 km2, and had a population of 256,885 at the time of the 2021 Canadian census.

The Regional Municipality of Waterloo has 673,910 people as of year-end 2023, making it the 10th-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada and the fourth-largest CMA in Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are considered "twin cities", which are often referred to jointly as "Kitchener–Waterloo" (K–W), although they have separate municipal governments.
Burkhard Hirsch
Burkhard Hirsch (29 May 1930 – 11 March 2020) was a German politician and civil liberties advocate. A member of the Free Democratic Party (FDP), Hirsch spent 21 years in the Bundestag (1972–1975, 1980–1998). He also served five years as Minister of the Interior of North Rhine-Westphalia (1975–1980).

Fritz Bauer Prize
The Fritz Bauer Prize (German: Fritz Bauer-Preis) is a prize awarded by the Humanist Union, established in 1968 in memory of its founder, Fritz Bauer, the longtime Attorney General of Hesse. The Humanist Union presents the award to those who have excelled in contributions to the humanization, liberalization and democratization of the judiciary.

Since 2013, the Fritz Bauer Prize for Social Engagement has also been awarded by the Eberhard-Ludwigs-Gymnasium, where Bauer completed his secondary education. This prize was initiated by the jurist Herta Däubler-Gmelin.

In 2014, the German Federal Minister of Justice Heiko Maas established the Fritz Bauer Study Prize for Human Rights and Contemporary Legal History, awarded for doctoral theses in law that address Fritz Bauer, his work, or related themes. The prize is awarded every two years by the Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection.
Al-Rashid Islamic Institute
Al-Rashid Islamic Institute, is an Islamic institute and seminary in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada. Under the instructions and guidance of Shaikhul-Hadith Moulana Muhammad Zakariya, the institute was founded in 1980 at a temporary location in Montreal. The institute moved to Cornwall in 1985. The institute is now an Islamic university offering higher Islamic studies.

Islamic university
The term "Islamic university" (Arabic: الجامعة الإسلامية, Jami'ah Islamiyah), sometimes called madrasah jāmiʿah (Arabic: مدرسة جامعة), can be used to describe educational institutions that are based on Islamic system of education as well as institutions that focus on teaching Islam as a main curriculum. The word "madrasah" can refer to an Islamic educational institution of any level, while the word jāmiʿah simply means "university."

However, there are various institutions which include "Islamic University" in their name while being not necessarily geared towards the teaching of Islam (much like how a Catholic university generally does not teach Catholicism).
Heded
Heded is a village in the Jariban District, Mudug region, Puntland, north-central Somalia.

The village lies in an arid landscape with sparse and scattered vegetation. 
There are no proper road connections, but vehicle tracks lead from the village in several directions.

Mudug
Mudug (Somali: Mudug) is an administrative region (gobol) in north-central Somalia. Spread across an area of 72,933 km2 (28,160 sq mi), the northern section of Mudug is part of Puntland whilst the majority of Mudug is part of Galmudug State, both of which are autonomous states within the Federal Republic of Somalia. It features a rural economy based largely on pastoralist livelihoods and limited agriculture. The security environment is volatile due to inter-clan feuds and conflicting jurisdiction, which has resulted in humanitarian and governance challenges.
Scarecrow in other media
The Scarecrow, a supervillain in DC Comics and an adversary of the superhero Batman, has been adapted in various forms of media, including films, television series, and video games. The character has been portrayed in film by Cillian Murphy in The Dark Knight Trilogy, and in television by Charlie Tahan and David W. Thompson in the Fox series Gotham, and Vincent Kartheiser in the HBO Max streaming series Titans. Henry Polic II, Jeffrey Combs, Dino Andrade, John Noble, Robert Englund, and others have provided the Scarecrow's voice in animation and video games.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
Melbourne Bowl
The Melbourne Bowl  is a proposed NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision college football bowl game to be played in Melbourne, Australia at Marvel Stadium. The college conferences that would have tie-ins with the bowl are the Pac-12 Conference and the Mountain West Conference.  It would be the third FBS bowl game played outside the United States after the defunct International Bowl and present-day Bahamas Bowl.

International Bowl
The International Bowl was a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) collegiate American football bowl game played in Toronto from 2007 through 2010. During its run, it was the only post-season bowl game played outside the United States, the first such game since the Bacardi Bowl, played in Cuba on January 1, 1937. The game pitted teams from the Big East and Mid-American Conferences, with the Big East winning all four match-ups.
Gawłów, Łódź Voivodeship
Gawłów [ˈɡavwuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rząśnia, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south of Rząśnia, 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Pajęczno, and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Pajęczno County
Pajęczno County (Polish: powiat pajęczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pajęczno, which lies 78 kilometres (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Działoszyn, lying 10 km (6 mi) west of Pajęczno.

The county covers an area of 804.14 square kilometres (310.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 53,395, out of which the population of Pajęczno is 6,674, that of Działoszyn is 6,276, and the rural population is 40,445.
Large width limits of neural networks
Artificial neural networks are a class of models used in machine learning, and inspired by biological neural networks. They are the core component of modern deep learning algorithms. Computation in artificial neural networks is usually organized into sequential layers of artificial neurons. The number of neurons in a layer is called the layer width. Theoretical analysis of artificial neural networks sometimes considers the limiting case that layer width becomes large or infinite. This limit enables simple analytic statements to be made about neural network predictions, training dynamics, generalization, and loss surfaces. This wide layer limit is also of practical interest, since finite width neural networks often perform strictly better as layer width is increased.

Neural circuit
A neural circuit is a population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated. Multiple neural circuits interconnect with one another to form large scale brain networks.

Neural circuits have inspired the design of artificial neural networks, though there are significant differences.
Wailuku, Hawaii
Wailuku is a census-designated place (CDP) in and county seat of Maui Island, Maui County, Hawaii, United States. The population was 17,697 at the 2020 census.

Wailuku is located just west of Kahului, at the mouth of the ʻĪao Valley. In the early 20th century, Wailuku was the main tourist destination on Maui, though it has since been eclipsed with the rise of the resort towns such as Kihei.

Historic sites in the town include Kaʻahumanu Church (named after Queen Kaʻahumanu, wife of Kamehameha I), which dates to 1876; the Wailuku Civic Center Historic District; the site of the Chee Kung Tong Society Building; and the Bailey House, a 19th-century former seminary and home that houses a history museum and the Maui Historical Society.

There are two ancient temples near Wailuku, called heiau — the Halekiʻi Heiau and the Pihanakalani Heiau. Both date back hundreds of years and were used for religious purposes by the native Hawaiians.

Wailuku is served by Kahului Airport.

Kahului Airport
Kahului Airport (IATA: OGG, ICAO: PHOG, FAA LID: OGG) is the main airport of Maui in the state of Hawaii, United States, located east of Kahului. It has offered full airport operations since 1952. Many flights into Kahului originate from the Daniel K. Inouye International Airport in Honolulu; the Honolulu–Kahului corridor is one of the heaviest-trafficked air routes in the US, ranking 13th in 2004 with 1,632,000 passengers.

The FAA/IATA airport code OGG pays homage to aviation pioneer Bertram J. "Jimmy" Hogg, a Kauai native who worked for what is now Hawaiian Airlines, flying aircraft ranging from eight-passenger Sikorsky S-38 amphibians to Douglas DC-3s and DC-9s into the late 1960s.

It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2021–2025, in which it is categorized as a medium-hub primary commercial service facility.
Joseph Jackson (screenwriter)
Joseph Ashurst Jackson (June 8, 1894 – May 26, 1932) was an American screenwriter, playwright and publicist who was nominated for the now dead category of Best Story at the 4th Academy Awards. He was nominated alongside Lucien Hubbard. They were nominated for Smart Money.

He had over 50 screenplay credits from 1927 to 1932.

Those Who Dance (1930 film)
Those Who Dance is a 1930 American Pre-Code crime film produced and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, directed by William Beaudine, and starring Monte Blue, Lila Lee, William "Stage" Boyd and Betty Compson. It is a remake of the 1924 silent film Those Who Dance starring Bessie Love and Blanche Sweet. The story, written by George Kibbe Turner, was based on events that occurred among gangsters in Chicago.
Honors colleges and programs
An honors program is an undergraduate program in an institute of higher education providing exceptional scholars with supplemental or alternative curricular and non-curricular programs, privileges, special access, scholarships, and distinguished recognition. Originating in the United States, an honors college, typically a unit within a larger institution, offers honors programs to all students. Honors programs may be offered at public and private universities and community colleges.

Academic acceleration
Academic acceleration is moving students through an educational program at a rate faster or at an age younger than is typical. Students who would benefit from acceleration do not necessarily need to be identified as gifted in a particular subject. Acceleration places them ahead of where they would be in the regular school curriculum. It has been described as a "fundamental need" for gifted students as it provides students with level-appropriate material.  The practice occurs worldwide. The bulk of educational research on academic acceleration has been within the United States.
Suhwal
Suhwal is a village of Ghazipur district under Reotipur block. It is situated on Ghazipur to Buxar Road 8 km (5 mi) from Ghazipur City. Its population is 10,814 (2011 Census). The Village is quite old. It has its own local administration under the Panchayati Raj system, with Gram Pradhan as head of local administration. There are two Government Secondary Schools, three Government Primary Schools and some privately run Schools. There is a small permanent Market in the western side of the Village and also a weekly Market. Suhwal is a center of Shopping and Primary Education for many other small villages situated on its fringe.

Ghazipur district
Ghazipur district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Ghazipur is the district headquarters. The district is part of Varanasi Division. The region of Ghazipur is famous mainly for the production of its unique rose-scented Spray called Gulab Jal, and for the tomb of the Governor General of British India, Lord Cornwallis, who died here. His tomb is situated in Western part of City, and is conserved by Archaeological Survey of India.
Rex Hillier
Rex Hillier is a Canadian politician. He was elected to represent the district of Conception Bay South in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in a 2014 by-election. He is a member of the Liberal Party. Before being elected, Hiller was a member of the Conception Bay South Town Council as a Councillor. He was the Liberal nominee in the district of Topsail-Paradise for the 2015 provincial election but lost to Paul Davis. He had previously lost the Liberal nomination in Conception Bay South for the 2015 election.

Topsail-Paradise
Topsail–Paradise is a provincial electoral district in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. In 2011 there were 14,830 people living in the district.

Topsail–Paradise includes part of the town of Paradise and the part of the town of Conception Bay South. The district was created following the 2015 electoral districts boundaries review. The majority of Topsail–Paradise was previously the district of Topsail. The district also includes former parts of the districts of Conception Bay East-Bell Island and Conception Bay South.
Arlanzón (river)
The River Arlanzón is a river in northern Spain. Its source is near the southern slope of the Pico San Millán in the Sierra de la Demanda in the Province of Burgos.  It is a tributary of the River Arlanza, joining the latter river at Quintana del Puente in the Province of Palencia.

Sierra de la Demanda
Sierra de la Demanda is a mountain sub-range situated in the northern Iberian Peninsula.

The Sierra de la Demanda area provides the habitat for Lissotriton helveticus punctillatus (Schmidtler 1970), a subspecies of the palmate newt.
Igor Skvarica
Igor Skvarica (born 26 August 1986) is a Bosnian actor who has performed in film, television, theatre and radio.

He is best known for his roles in television sitcom Konak kod Hilmije (2018–2019) as Durmiš and in films Chefurs Raus! (2013), With Mom (2013), The Prosecutor the Defender the Father and His Son (2015). He also played an exciting role of Beslan in the last season of the Sean Bean starring TV Series Legends (2015).

His theatre work includes appearances in "Stones in His Pockets"(Marie Jones), "The Life Before Us" (Romain Gary), "Animal farm" (George Orwell), "The Lower Depths" (Maxim Gorky), "A Streetcar Named Desire" (Tennessee Williams). Skvarica studied acting at the Academy of Performing Arts in Sarajevo.

Marie Jones
Sarah Marie Jones OBE (born 1951) is a Belfast-based actress and playwright. Born into a working-class Protestant family, Jones was an actress for several years before turning her hand to writing. Her plays have been staged on Broadway as well as across Ireland.
Qalandar Bakhsh Jurat
Qalandar Bakhsh Jurat was an Indian poet of the Lucknow school. His real name was Yahya Aman. He was born in about 1748 in Delhi but spent his childhood in Faizabad and later migrated to Lucknow. He was the disciple of Mirza Jafar Ali Hasrat and a close friend of Insha Allah Khan 'Insha'. He is known for depicting romantic encounters with the beloved in lurid details. Jurat lost his eyesight in the prime of youth. He was fond of Poetry since his childhood. He was expert in Music and Astrology.

He was not a highly educated person, but he was sharp-witted and imaginative and was a regular at the court of Sulieman Shikoh. He was a fluent writer of ghazals. He died in Lucknow in 1809. A collection of his ghazals – Kuliyaat e Jurat, was last published in 1968 by Majlis Taraqii e Adab, Lahore.

A sher from his ghazal:

اب گزارا نہیں اس شوخ کے در پر اپنا

جس کے گھر کو یہ سمجھتے تھے کہ ہے گھر اپنا

Faizabad
Faizabad (Hindustani pronunciation: [fɛːzaːbaːd]) is a city located in Ayodhya district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.  It is situated on the southern bank of the River Saryu about 6.5 km from Ayodhya City, the district headquarter, 130 km east of the state capital Lucknow. Faizabad was the first capital of the Awadh Kingdom and has monuments built by those Nawabs, like the Tomb of Bahu Begum, Gulab Bari. It was also the headquarters of Faizabad district (now Ayodhya district) and Faizabad division (now Ayodhya division) before November 2018. Faizabad is a twin city of Ayodhya and it is administered by Ayodhya Municipal Corporation.
Byambwe massacre
In the night between 14 and 15 November 2025, Islamic State-backed terrorists killed 28 civilians in the village of Byambwe near Lubero  in the North Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The massacre was perpetrated by the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) amidst the Kivu conflict. Seventeen of the victims, including breastfeeding women and sick patients were massacred inside a Catholic church-run hospital. Eleven women and six men were killed in the hospital. The patients were killed while in beds, after which two hospital wards, maternity ward and operating ward, were set on fire. The United Nations (UN) described the incident as "one of the most appalling attacks in a new wave of violence by the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF)." The Byambwe massacre was part of a series of attacks carried out by ADF between 13 and 19 November in the Lubero Territory. According to the UN, at least 89 people were killed in those attacks as of 21 November 2025.

Lubero
Lubero is a town in the North Kivu Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is the administrative center of the Lubero Territory. Following the surrender of the Mai-Mai fighters in 2021, construction of a new market began in 2022, involving the mayor, ex-soldiers, "young people at risk and the vulnerable women". As of March 2014, the population of Lubero is not publicly known.
Indiana General Assembly
The Indiana General Assembly is the state legislature, or legislative branch, of the U.S. state of Indiana. It is a bicameral legislature that consists of a lower house, the Indiana House of Representatives, and an upper house, the Indiana Senate. The General Assembly meets annually at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis.

Members of the General Assembly are elected from districts that are realigned every ten years. Representatives serve terms of two years and senators serve terms of four years. Both houses can create bills, but bills must pass both houses before they can be submitted to the governor and enacted into law.

As of 2024, the Republican Party holds supermajorities in both chambers of the General Assembly. Republicans outnumber Democrats in the Senate by a 40–10 margin, and in the House of Representatives by a 70–30 margin.

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.