hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Savoy in the Middle Ages
The medieval period in Savoy extends from the concession of Sapaudia (or Sapaudie) to the Germanic people of the Burgundians in the 5th century, through the Carolingian-era Saboia, to the emergence of a County of Savoy in the 11th century, which became a duchy in 1416, considered the apex of the Savoyard territory. This period is marked by the integration in 1032 of the Sapaudia territories into the Holy Roman Empire, and by the assertion of feudal power over these lands, with the rise of major noble houses.

The regional political game binds and unbinds, up to eventual absorption, the major lords of Savoy and Geneva and their vassals, as well as representatives of spiritual authority—the bishops of Belley, the bishops and archbishops of Tarentaise, the bishops of Geneva, and those of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne.

Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ də mɔʁjɛn] ⓘ; Arpitan: Sent-Jian-de-Môrièna or Sant-Jian-de-Môrièna; Italian: San Giovanni di Moriana) is a subprefecture of the Savoie department, in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (formerly Rhône-Alpes), in southeastern France.

It lies in the Maurienne, the valley of the river Arc. It was also an Episcopal See of Savoy during the Ancien Régime and again from 1825 to 1966. Its original name was simply Maurienne, or Moriana in Italian and Latin.
Hundorp
Hundorp is the administrative centre of Sør-Fron Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located in the Gudbrandsdal valley along the north shore of the Gudbrandsdalslågen river, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of the village of Ringebu. The European route E6 highway and the Dovrebanen railway line both pass through the village. The 0.84-square-kilometre (210-acre) village has a population (2024) of 584 and a population density of 695 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,800/sq mi).

Hundorp was also the centre of the petty kingdom of Gudbrandsdalen and as such, it was an important place for religion and politics. Dale-Gudbrand's farm, the farm once populated by the ancient ruler Dale-Gudbrand, was chosen as the millennium site of Oppland county.

Gudbrandsdalslågen
Gudbrandsdalslågen or simply Lågen is a river which flows through the Gudbrandsdalen valley in Innlandet county, Norway. The 204-kilometre (127 mi) long river runs through a large valley in Eastern Norway before emptying into Mjøsa, the largest lake in Norway. The river flows through the municipalities of Lesja, Dovre, Sel, Nord-Fron, Sør-Fron, Ringebu, Øyer, and Lillehammer.
WCCC (FM)
WCCC (106.9 FM) – branded K-Love – is a non-commercial contemporary Christian radio station licensed to serve Hartford, Connecticut. Owned by the Educational Media Foundation, WCCC does not broadcast any local programming, functioning as the K-Love network affiliate for Greater Hartford, the Pioneer Valley and portions of the Naugatuck Valley. The station's transmitter is located in Avon; in addition to a standard analog transmission, WCCC is also available online.

Analog transmission
Analog transmission is a transmission method of conveying information using a continuous signal which varies in amplitude, phase, or some other property in proportion to that information. It could be the transfer of an analog signal, using an analog modulation method such as frequency modulation (FM) or amplitude modulation (AM), or no modulation at all.

Some textbooks also consider passband data transmission using a digital modulation method such as ASK, PSK and QAM, i.e. a sinewave modulated by a digital bit-stream, as analog transmission and as an analog signal. Others define that as digital transmission and as a digital signal. Baseband data transmission using line codes, resulting in a pulse train, are always considered as digital transmission, although the source signal may be a digitized analog signal.
Bridgend Flats
Bridgend Flats is an area of mudflats and saltmarsh near the village of Bridgend on the island of Islay off the west coast of Scotland. Covering an area of 331 hectares, it is situated around the outflow of the River Sorn into Loch Indaal.

Bridgend Flats is an important over-wintering location for the Greenland population of the barnacle goose. It has been recognised as a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, and has been designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest and Special Protection Area.

Barnacle goose
The barnacle goose (Branta leucopsis) is a species of goose that belongs to the genus Branta of black geese, which contains species with extensive black in the plumage, distinguishing them from the grey Anser species. Despite its superficial similarity to the brant goose, genetic analysis has shown its closest relative is the cackling goose.
Clitophon (Athenian)
Clitophon, son of Aristonymus (Ancient Greek: Κλειτόφων Ἀριστωνύμου, Kleitóphōn Aristōnúmou, also transliterated as Cleitophon; mid-5th century – late 5th or early 4th century BCE) was an ancient Athenian oligarchic statesman and intellectual.  His involvement in Athenian politics helped pave the way for the rule of the Four Hundred following the Athenian coup of 411 BCE.  Clitophon also appears in the writing of Plato, and presents a philosophy of "thoroughgoing normative relativism" in a brief role in the Republic.

Republic (Plato)
The Republic (Ancient Greek: Πολιτεία, romanized: Politeia; Latin: De Republica) is a Socratic dialogue authored by Plato around 375 BC, concerning justice (dikaiosúnē), the order and character of the just city-state, and the just man. It is Plato's best-known work, and one of the world's most influential works of philosophy and political theory, both intellectually and historically.

In the dialogue, Socrates discusses with various Athenians and foreigners the meaning of justice and whether the just man is happier than the unjust man. He considers the natures of existing regimes and then proposes a series of hypothetical cities in comparison, culminating in Kallipolis (Καλλίπολις), a utopian city-state ruled by a class of philosopher-kings. They also discuss ageing, love, theory of forms, the immortality of the soul, and the role of the philosopher and of poetry in society. The dialogue's setting seems to be the time of the Peloponnesian War.
The Man Who Was Kicked to Death
The Man Who Was Kicked to Death (Spanish: Un hombre muerto a puntapiés) is a detective short story by Ecuadorian writer Pablo Palacio, published on April 26, 1926 in the magazine Hélice and a year later in the short story collection of the same name. It is one of Palacio's most notable works, as well as being the first Ecuadorian literary work to openly address the theme of homosexuality.

The work has been adapted for television, theater, and comics.

According to writer and literary critic Galo René Pérez, The Man Who Was Kicked to Death is one of the masterful narratives of Ecuadorian literature.

Galo René Pérez
Galo René Pérez Cruz (Quito, April 3, 1923 - June 18, 2008) was an Ecuadorian writer, poet, literary critic, biographer, and college teacher.

Galo René Pérez has had a lifetime of working in the literary field. He has held various posts in literary and cultural institutions of his country. He was Secretary of Public Education during the government of the former Ecuadorian President Galo Plaza, and served as Secretary General of the Council of Government. He has also been President of the House of Ecuadorian Culture and Director of the Ecuadorian Academy of Language.
2018 Garden Open – Doubles
Andreas Mies and Oscar Otte were the defending champions but only Mies chose to defend his title, partnering Kevin Krawietz. Mies successfully defended his title.

Krawietz and Mies won the title after defeating Sander Gillé and Joran Vliegen 6–3, 2–6, [10–4] in the final.

Oscar Otte
Oscar Otte (German pronunciation: [ˈɔskaʁ ˈʔɔtə]; born 16 July 1993) is a German professional tennis player. He has been ranked as high as world No. 36 in singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), which he achieved on 27 June 2022, and has a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 161, attained in May 2017.

Since turning professional in 2011, Otte has won 23 singles and doubles titles on the ITF World Tennis Tour and seven on the ATP Challenger Tour. After several years of failing to qualify for most Grand Slam tournaments, he produced consistency in 2021 by entering into three consecutive main draws and showed his best performance at a major at the 2021 US Open, where he upset 20th seed Lorenzo Sonego in the first round and ultimately reached the fourth round. In January 2022, he made his top 100 debut in the singles rankings and emerged into the top 50 five months later, following his first career ATP 500 semifinal at the 2022 Halle Open.
Elluvachi Godaramma
"Elluvachi Godaramma" (also known as "Elluvachhi" or "Velluvachi Godaramma") is an Indian Telugu-language song in the soundtrack of the 1982 film Devatha, directed by K. Raghavendra Rao. Starring Sobhan Babu and Sridevi, the film is produced by D. Rama Naidu under the studio Suresh Productions. The song was composed by K. Chakravarthy, with lyrics by Veturi Sundararama Murthy and sung by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam and P. Susheela.

It was released on 31 December 1982 as the lead song from the album, through Saregama. The full video song, featuring scenes directly from the film, was released on 6 August 2011 on YouTube. After receiving huge response since decades, the song was remixed and released as "Elluvochi Godaramma" for the 2019 film Gaddalakonda Ganesh.

Varun Tej
Konidela Sai Varun Tej, better known as Varun Tej (born 19 January 1990) is an Indian actor who works in Telugu cinema. He made his acting debut in 2014 with Mukunda. He received praise for featuring in Krish's critically acclaimed war film Kanche (2015). He established himself as a leading actor with the romantic drama Fidaa (2017), a major critical and commercial success. He has since starred in films including Tholi Prema (2018), Gaddalakonda Ganesh (2019), F2 (2019) and F3 (2022). He is married to his co-actress Lavanya Tripathi.
Cycling at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's individual road race
These are the official results of the Women's Individual Road Race at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. The race over 81 kilometres was held on July 26, 1992. There were a total number of 58 competitors, with one non-starter.

Cycling at the 1992 Summer Olympics
The cycling competitions at the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona consisted of two different categories: road cycling and track cycling, with ten events being contested. The road team time trial event took place at the Circuit de Catalunya and the A-17 highway, the individual road races were held in Sant Sadurní d'Anoia, and track cycling took place at the Velòdrom d'Horta.
Jean Arthuis
Jean Arthuis (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ aʁtɥi]; born 7 October 1944 in Saint-Martin-du-Bois, Maine-et-Loire) is a French politician. Over the course of career, he has held various ministerial positions and served as Member of the European Parliament from France, where he chaired the Committee on Budgets. He also serves as Senator representing Mayenne in the French Parliament.

He is the President of the Centrist Alliance political party and was a member of the ALDE group in the European Parliament.

Mayenne
Mayenne (French: [majɛn] ⓘ) is a landlocked department in northwest France named after the river Mayenne. Mayenne is part of the administrative region of Pays de la Loire and is surrounded by the departments of Manche, Orne, Sarthe, Maine-et-Loire, and Ille-et-Vilaine.

Mayenne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. The northern two thirds correspond to the western part of the former province of Maine. The southern third of Mayenne corresponds to the northern portion of the old province of Anjou. The inhabitants of the department are called Mayennais. It had a population of 307,062 in 2019.
Robert Cecil (Old Sarum MP)
Robert Cecil (died August 1657) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  from 1640 to 1653.

Cecil was the son of William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury. He was admitted at St John's College, Cambridge in October 1634.

In November 1640, Cecil was elected Member of Parliament for Old Sarum in the Long Parliament. Though not excluded in 1648 he was not recorded as sitting after Pride's Purge.

Old Sarum (UK Parliament constituency)
Old Sarum was from 1295 until 1832 a parliamentary constituency of England, Great Britain (until 1800), and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.  It was a so-called rotten borough, with an extremely small electorate that was consequently vastly over-represented and could be used by a patron in gaining such undue influence. The constituency was on the site of what had been the original settlement of Salisbury, known as Old Sarum. The population and cathedral city had moved in the 14th century to New Sarum, at the foot of the Old Sarum hill. It became one of the more notorious constituencies in the unreformed House of Commons and was abolished under the Reform Act 1832.
Russ Arnold
Russell D. "Russ" Arnold (March 6, 1921 – January 27, 2012) was an American bridge player. He was world champion at the 1981 Bermuda Bowl and winner of nine North American titles.

Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, he graduated from the University of Minnesota. Long-time from Miami, Florida, he was an accountant and partner in running a successful major appliance business and so did not play bridge often, making his achievements all the more remarkable.

Arnold was inducted into the ACBL Hall of Fame in 2011 as recipient of the annual Von Zedtwitz Award, which recognizes players who have achieved prominence in the game and have an outstanding tournament record but who may not have been in the limelight for some years".

Spingold
The Spingold national bridge championship is held at the summer American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

The Spingold is a knock-out team event that attracts the top contract bridge players in the world. The event typically lasts seven days with each day being a round consisting of four sessions of 16 boards. The event is open and seeded.
Arboretum de Bellefontaine
The Arboretum de Bellefontaine (French pronunciation: [aʁbɔʁetɔm də bɛlfɔ̃tɛn]; 13 hectares) is an arboretum located in Champigneulles, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Lorraine, France. It contains specimens of beech, birch, chestnut, ginkgo, maple, oak, pine, sequoia, and spruce.

Chestnut
Chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus Castanea, in the beech family Fagaceae. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Javier Fesser
Javier Fesser Pérez de Petinto (Madrid, born 15 February 1964) is a Spanish film director and publicist. He is a multiple Goya Award winner for his films Camino and Mortadelo y Filemón contra Jimmy el Cachondo, and an Academy Award nominee for his film Binta and the Great Idea.

Fesser earned his degree in Communication studies at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid.  He was the founder of Línea Films in 1986.

His brother  Guillermo Fesser is a famous journalist.

Goya Awards
The Goya Awards (Spanish: Premios Goya) are Spain's main national annual film awards. They are presented by the Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences of Spain.

The first ceremony was held in 1987, a year after the founding of the Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences, at the Teatro Lope de Vega in Madrid. They have since been also held in other Spanish cities (Barcelona, Seville, Málaga, Valencia, Valladolid, and Granada).
Gümüşhane (electoral district)
Gümüşhane is an electoral district of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. It elects two members of parliament (deputies) to represent the province of the same name for a four-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation system.

Gümüşhane Province
Gümüşhane Province (Turkish: Gümüşhane ili Romeika: Αργυρούπολη) is a province in northern Turkey, bordering Bayburt to the east, Trabzon to the north, Giresun and Erzincan to the west. Its area is 6,668 km2, and its population is 144,544 (2022). The population was 186,953 in 2000. Gümüşhane is the capital city of the province. The name Gümüşhane means silver house. The city has a rich mining (silver and bronze) history and was the source of exports for Trabzon. The current Governor is Alper Tanrısever, appointed in August 2023.
Billy Benton
William Henry Benton (5 December 1895 – 1967) was an English professional footballer. He spent eleven years at Blackpool in the 1920s and 1930s, making over 350 Football League appearances for the club. He played in midfield.

Benton made his debut for Blackpool on 30 August 1920, in the second league game of the 1920–21 season, a 2–1 defeat at home to Bristol City. He went on to appear in 39 of the club's 42 league games that campaign, scoring six goals, including a hat-trick in only his third appearance for Bill Norman's men — a 4–0 home victory over Coventry City on 11 September. Benton's other three strikes all came in Blackpool victories.

Benton was a regular in the team in all but his final three seasons with Blackpool. He made his final appearance for the club, then under the guidance of Harry Evans, on 7 February 1931, in a 6–0 defeat at Leicester City.

Bill Norman (football manager)
William Lewis Norman (1 June 1873 – 16 September 1931) was an English football manager for Blackpool and Hartlepools United. He managed a total of 345 games, securing a 37.7 win-percentage over his career.
Aleksandra Jagieło
Aleksandra Katarzyna Jagieło (born Aleksandra Przybysz 2 June 1980 Nisko ) is a Polish volleyball player. In October 2021, she became a member of the PZPS Board for women's volleyball.

From 2000 to 2010, she played 283 matches for the Poland women's national volleyball team She competed in the 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship and 2005 Women’s European Volleyball Championship, and 2009 Women's European Volleyball Championship, winning the bronze medal.

2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 23rd edition of the event, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Ankara, Turkey from 20 to 28 September 2003.

The two finalists Poland and Turkey claimed a ticket for the 2003 FIVB Women's World Cup and the first Olympic Qualification Tournament for the 2004 Summer Olympics held in Japan in November. The first six ranked teams (Poland, Turkey, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, and Russia) qualified for the European Olympic Qualification Tournament in Baku, from 5 to 10 January 2004. Semifinalists Turkey, Germany, Poland and the Netherlands also automatically qualified for the 2005 Women's European Championships, which took place in Croatia. Defending champion Russia finished out of the medals for the first time in volleyball history.
Rob Oliphant
Robert B. Oliphant PC MP (born June 7, 1956) is a Canadian politician and a United Church minister. He serves in the House of Commons as a Liberal Member of Parliament for the Toronto riding of Don Valley West. First elected from 2008 to 2011, he returned to the office from 2015 to present.

Oliphant currently holds the office of Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Foreign Affairs Anita Anand, a role he also served under Anand's four predecessors.

Don Valley West (federal electoral district)
Don Valley West (French: Don Valley-Ouest) is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1979. Its population in 2001 was 115,539.

Its most high-profile MPs have been John Bosley, who was Speaker of the House 1984-86 and John Godfrey, who served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Paul Martin as a Minister of State.
Wa East District
Wa East District is one of the eleven districts in Upper West Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Wa District in 1988; until two parts of the district were later split off to create Wa East District (from the east) and Wa West District (from the west) respectively in July 2004; thus the remaining part was elevated to municipal district assembly status in the same year to become Wa Municipal District. The district assembly is located in the southern part of Upper West Region and has Funsi as its capital town.

Funsi
Funsi is the district capital of the Wa East District in the Upper West Region of north Ghana.

It has been a center of the Gurunsi area of the Upper West of Ghana. In 1948 it had 1,193 people rising to 1,405 in 1960.

Funsi is the location of the Wa Catholic Diocese operated St. John's Health Center, which serves Funsi and surrounding communities.
Valleem Thetti Pulleem Thetti
Valleem Thetti Pulleem Thetti is a 2016 Indian Malayalam-language romantic comedy film written and directed by Rishi Sivakumar. It stars Kunchacko Boban, Renji Panicker, Manoj K.Jayan, Saiju Kurup and Shamili (in her first and only Malayalam film as a leading actress). The film hinges on cinema culture and the presentation of 1990s film themes & styles. The film was released on 12 May 2016 but was panned and flopped at the box office.

Manoj K. Jayan
Manoj Kadampoothramadam Jayan, also known as Manoj K. Jayan, is an Indian actor who works in Malayalam films and has also appeared in a few Tamil films. Manoj has won the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actor three times for his portrayals of Hariharan's "Kuttan Thampuran" in Sargam (1992), "Thalakkal Chandu" in Pazhassi Raja (2009) and "Kunjiraman" in Farook Abdul Rahiman's Kaliyachan. He has played "Kuttan Thampuran" (Sargam), "Thirumangalath Neelakandan Namboothiri" (Perumthachan), "Kunjunni Namboothiri" (Parinayam), "Unnikrishnan" (Venkalam), "Ananthakrishna Warrier" (Sopanam), "Digambaran" (Anandabhadram) and "Thalakkal Chandu" (Pazhassi Raja).
Sibusiso Vilane
Sibusiso Vilane OIB (born 5 December 1970, Shongwe Mission in Mpumalanga) is a South African adventurer, motivational speaker, and author of the book To the Top from Nowhere. An adventurer, marathon runner, mountaineer, and expedition leader, he has also served as the Chief Scout of Scouts South Africa.

Sibusiso has been married to Nomsa since 1995 and is the father of four – three girls and a boy.

Seven Summits
The Seven Summits are the highest mountains on each of the seven traditional continents. On 30 April 1985, Richard Bass became the first climber to reach the summit of all seven.

In January 2023, Climbing said "Today, the Seven Summits are a relatively common—almost cliché—tour of each continent's highest peak", and while reaching the peak of the "Seven Summits" is no longer considered a significant achievement amongst mountaineers, it remains a popular challenge for "adventure mountaineers" using expedition climbing techniques.