hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crawford Upland
The Crawford Upland  of Southern Indiana, United States. The western section of the Indiana Uplands, this region contains the hilliest terrain in the state caused by the outcropping of sandstone units at the surface. In some areas erosion cuts through the sandstone layers completely and exposes underlying limestones. The exposure of limestone at the surface in the Crawford Upland results in the formation of caves, dolines, and other surface expressions of karst topography. The alternating sandstones, limestones, and shale of the West Baden and Stephensport groups that compose the Crawford Upland are Mississippian in age. Interstate 64 traverses this section within Perry, Crawford, Harrison, and Floyd Counties.

Interstate 64 in Indiana
Interstate 64 (I-64) in the US state of Indiana is a major east–west highway providing access between Illinois and Kentucky. It passes through southern Indiana as part of its connection between the two metropolitan areas of St Louis, Missouri, and Louisville, Kentucky.
Goniothalamus maewongensis
Goniothalamus maewongensis is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Thailand. Richard M.K. Saunders and Piya Chalermglin, who first formally described the species, named it after the Mae Wong National Park in Thailand where the type specimen was collected.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Redlight (film)
Redlight (sometimes misspelled Red Light) is a documentary film about human trafficking in Cambodia that premiered on October 4, 2009 at the Woodstock Film Festival. Lucy Liu was the film's executive producer and narrator. The film is produced by Kerry Girvin and directed by Guy Jacobson and Adi Ezroni. Redlight documents four years of the lives of several Cambodian children who are kidnapped for the purpose of child prostitution. These children are both boys and girls, and some are only 3 or 4 years old. Some of the film's footage was recorded secretly in brothels and then smuggled out. Liu promoted the film at the 2009 Cairo International Film Festival. Showtime televised the film as part of Human Trafficking Awareness Month in 2010. The first screening in Connecticut took place in Westport that November.

Premiere
A premiere, also spelled première, (from French: première, 1re, transl. first, 1st) is the debut (first public presentation) of a work, i.e. play, film, dance, musical composition, or even a performer in that work.
No. 22 Squadron PAF
The No. 22 OCU also known by their nickname Ghazis is an Operational conversion unit of the Pakistan Air Force. Based at PAF Base Masroor, the squadron converts crews onto Dassault Mirage III and Mirage V jets.

Ghazi (warrior)
A ghazi (or gazi /ˈɡæzi/; Arabic: غازي ghāzī [ɣaːˈziː], pl. ghuzāt) is an individual who participated in a ghazwa (غَزْو [ɣazw]) – a military expedition or raid against those whom they considered "Kafirs". Early Islamic literature characterised as ghazwa the expeditions led by the Islamic prophet Muhammad; later, Turkic military commanders used the word to refer to their wars of conquest.

In the context of the wars between Russia and the Muslim peoples of the Caucasus, starting as early as Sheikh Mansur's  resistance to Russian expansion from 1785 to 1791, the word ghazwa usually appears in the form gazavat (Russian: газават).

In English-language literature, the word ghazw often appears as "razzia", a borrowing through French from Maghrebi Arabic.

In modern Turkic languages, such as Turkish and Azerbaijani, the word gazi refers to veterans, and also (as a title) to Turkic Muslim champions such as Ertuğrul (Ertuğrul Ghazi) and Sultan Osman I (Osman Ghazi).
We'jitu Isidore
We'jitu Isidore (c. 1656 – c. 1769) was a Kji-Saqamaw ("grand chief") of the Mi'kmaq of the provinces of New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia and Quebec.

We'jitu "was a great Indian who died, it is said, aged 113 years. In his young days he saw a vision, and afterwards became the most powerful person in the tribe (a Kinap, with great physical strength). [He] made the men of his tribe great in athletic sports, so that they won from men of other tribes, in competitions. His camping ground was on the east side of First Dartmouth Lake, about half way or so up the lake. [The] name We'jitu apparently related to Isidore and the Indians Jeddore were descendants of his. Noel Jeddore of Halifax [?] was his grandson."

Isidore
Isidore (/ˈɪzɪdɔːr/ IZ-id-or; also spelled Isador, Isadore and Isidor) is a masculine given name. The name is derived from the Greek name Isídōros (Ἰσίδωρος, latinized Isidorus) and can literally be translated to 'gift of Isis'. The name has survived in various forms throughout the centuries. Although it has never been a common name, it has historically been popular due to its association with Catholic figures and among the Jewish diaspora. Isidora is the feminine form of the name.
Claymont Court
Claymont Court, or simply Claymont, is a Georgian-style brick mansion, the grandest of several built near Charles Town, West Virginia for members of the Washington family. The current "Big House" was built in 1840 for Bushrod Corbin Washington, nephew of Supreme Court justice Bushrod Washington and grand-nephew of George Washington, to replace the 1820 main house on his plantation that burned in 1838.

In 1899 author Frank Stockton purchased the house and lived there until he died in 1902. In 1943, Claymont was bought by West Virginia industrialist Robert Joseph Funkhouser, who at the same time bought the adjacent Blakeley and Cedar Lawn, other Washington descendant houses and large properties. He combined the properties into a 7,000-acre (28 km2) estate.

In 1974 John G. Bennett purchased Claymont to create an intentional community. It is currently used as a retreat center by the Claymont Society for Continuous Education.

Bushrod Washington
Bushrod Washington (June 5, 1762 – November 26, 1829) was an American attorney and politician from the Washington family who served as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1798 to 1829. On the Supreme Court, he was a staunch ally of Chief Justice John Marshall.

Washington was a co-founder and president of the American Colonization Society, which promoted the emigration of formerly enslaved people to Africa. The nephew of American Founding Father and President George Washington, he inherited his uncle's papers and Mount Vernon, taking possession in 1802 after the death of Martha Washington, his uncle's widow, and with Marshall's help, published a biography of the first president.
Kirton Island
Kirton Island is a small coastal island of the Robinson Group, lying 6 kilometres (3 nmi) west of Cape Daly, Mac. Robertson Land, Antarctica, and about 3 kilometres (1.5 nmi) south of Macklin Island. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for M. Kirton, a geophysicist at Mawson Station in 1959.

Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee
The Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee (AANMC) was established to advise the Government on names for features in the Australian Antarctic Territory and the subantarctic territory of Heard Island and the McDonald Islands. The committee also issues nominations Governor General for the award of the Australian Antarctic Medal.

Committee members were appointed by the Minister or Parliamentary Secretary responsible for Antarctic matters. The committee was founded in 1952 as the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia,  and changed to the current name in 1982 to reflect the multiple functions that the committee is responsible for. The committee was replaced by the Australian Antarctic Division Place names Committee in 2015.
Salviati Planisphere
The Salviati Planisphere is a world map showing the Spanish view of the Earth's surface at the time of the map's creation, c. 1525, and includes the eastern coasts of North and South America and the Straits of Magellan. Rather than include imagined material in unexplored areas—as was customary—it is content to leave them blank, inviting future exploration.

It is believed to have been drawn by Nuño García de Toreno, the head of the Casa de la Contratación,  in Seville. It takes its name from Cardinal Giovanni Salviati, the papal nuncio to Spain from 1525–30, who was given it by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, also King of Spain at the time.

It is currently located at the Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, in Florence, Italy.

Laurentian Library
The Laurentian Library (Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana or BML) is a historic library in Florence, Italy, containing more than 11,000 manuscripts and 4,500 early printed books. Built in a cloister of the Medicean Basilica di San Lorenzo di Firenze under the patronage of the Medici pope Clement VII, the library was built to emphasize that the Medici were no longer just merchants but members of intelligent and ecclesiastical society. It contains the manuscripts and books belonging to the private library of the Medici family. The library building is renowned for its architecture that was designed by Michelangelo and is an example of Mannerism.

All of the book-bound manuscripts in the library are identified in its Codex Laurentianus. The library conserves the Littera Florentina, the Vergilius Mediceus, the Nahuatl Florentine Codex, the Rabula Gospels, the Codex Amiatinus, the Squarcialupi Codex, and the fragmentary Erinna papyrus that contains part of her Distaff.
Rape during the occupation of Japan
Allied and Japanese troops committed a number of rapes during the Battle of Okinawa during the last months of the Pacific War and the subsequent 
Allied occupation of Japan. The Allies occupied Japan until 1952 following the end of World War II and Okinawa Prefecture remained under US governance for two decades after.

Estimates of the incidence of sexual violence by Allied occupation personnel differ considerably. Some historians have written that there were a large number of sexual assaults and others that the number was low.

Motion to quash
A motion to quash is a request to a court or other tribunal to render a previous decision or proceeding null or invalid. The exact usage of motions to quash depends on the rules of the particular court or tribunal.

In some cases, motions to quash are requests to nullify a decision made by the same or a lower court. It can arise out of mistakes made by any lawyer or court officer. A lawyer may file a motion to quash if a mistake has been made on the part of a court, or if an attorney believes that  some court document such as a subpoena was not issued or delivered following the required procedure. For example, a party that receives improper service of process may file a motion to quash.

In the context of a court hearing an appeal, depending on the rules of the court, a motion to quash the appeal may be made on the basis that the court has no jurisdiction.
Marius Sava
Marius Sava (born 30 November 1978) is a Romanian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder or forward. Seen as the most talented midfielder of his generation Sava started his career at Universitatea Craiova, then played for important clubs in Romania such as: Progresul București, Argeș Pitești or Pandurii Târgu Jiu. Sava also had 2 short periods in Italy and Hungary at Genoa and Nyíregyháza Spartacus. He retired in 2009, at only 31 years old, after a season spent at Gaz Metan CFR Craiova, many people considering that he has never reached his true potential.

CS Turnu Severin
Clubul Sportiv Turnu Severin was a Romanian professional football club from Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Mehedinți County, founded in 2007 and dissolved in 2013. In 2012, the team promoted to the Liga I for the first time in their short history. After just one year of top football it relegated and was dissolved.
Talu language
Talu (他鲁; also known as Taliu; tʰa31 lu55 su55) is a Loloish language spoken by just over 10,000 speakers in Yongsheng and Huaping counties (Zhou 2004:1). Zhou (2004) focuses on the Talu dialect of Liude Township 六德乡. Bradley (2004) reports that Talu (autonym: tʰa31 lu̠55) is spoken in Yongsheng, Ninglang and Huaping counties by 10,138 people, mainly in 4 villages of Liude Township 六德乡 in northeastern Yongsheng County. There are also Talu speakers in adjacent parts of Ninglangping Township, southern Ninglang County, and Tongda Township 通达傈僳族乡 in northeastern Huaping County. Talu has voiceless nasals as also the voiceless lateral. It is related to Lolopo.

A closely related language variety called Nazan 纳咱 (Naza, Nazha) is spoken in Nazan Village 纳咱, Liude Village 六德村, Liude Township 六德乡, Yongsheng County (Yongsheng County Gazetteer 1989:637). It is also spoken in 2 villages in Liude Township, and a few in Banqiao Township.

Ninglang Yi Autonomous County
Ninglang Yi Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 宁蒗彝族自治县; traditional Chinese: 寧蒗彝族自治縣; pinyin: Nínglàng Yízú Zìzhìxiàn; Yi: ꆀꆿꆈꌠꊨꏦꏱꅉꑤ, nip lat nuo su zyt jie jux dde xiep) is located in the northwest of Yunnan province, China, bordering Sichuan province to the north, east and northeast. It is under the administration of Lijiang City. The county is home to the Mosuo people, who lived under the quasi-independent Chiefdom of Yongning until abolished in 1956. Ninglang Luguhu Airport is located in the county.
Japanese kitchen knife
A Japanese kitchen knife is a type of kitchen knife used for food preparation. These knives come in many different varieties and are often made using traditional Japanese blacksmithing techniques. They can be made from stainless steel, or hagane, which is the same kind of steel used to make Japanese swords. Most knives are referred to as hōchō (Japanese: 包丁/庖丁) or the variation -bōchō in compound words (because of rendaku) but can have other names including -ba (〜刃; lit. "-blade") and -kiri (〜切り; lit. "-cutter"). There are four general categories used to distinguish the Japanese knife designs:

handle — Western v. Japanese construction, or a fusion of the two

blade grind — single bevel, kataba v. double bevel, ryōba (outside of kitchen knives, these can mean single/double edged)

steel — stainless v. (high) carbon

construction — laminated v. mono-steel

Bevel
A bevelled edge (UK) or beveled edge (US) is an edge of a structure that is not perpendicular to the faces of the piece. The words bevel and chamfer overlap in usage; in general usage, they are often interchanged, while in technical usage, they may be differentiated as shown in the image on the right. A bevel is typically used to soften the edge of a piece for the sake of safety, wear resistance, aesthetics; or to facilitate mating with another piece.
Lakshmigari Palli
The village of Lakshmigari Palli is one of the biggest villages in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is surrounded by the forest of Baalapalli and it is 99.4 km (61.8 mi) away from the town of Kadapa and also just 50 km (31 mi) away from holy city of Tirupati.

Kadapa
Kadapa is a city in the southern part of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located in the Rayalaseema region, and is the district headquarters of YSR Kadapa district. It is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of the Penna River. The city is surrounded on three sides by the Nallamala and Palkonda Hills lying on the tectonic landscape between the Eastern and Western ghats. Black and red ferrous soils occupy the region. The city is nicknamed "Gadapa" ('threshold') since it is the gateway from the west to the hills of Tirumala.

Kadapa has been under different rulers in its history, including the Cholas, the Vijayanagara Empire and the Kingdom of Mysore.
Climate Nexus
Climate Nexus was a non-profit journalism and climate communication organization. The organization was primarily focused on the role of the United States in Climate Change. Material from their reporting has been used by a number of national and international publications, through their network Nexus Media News. Climate Nexus was formed in 2011. Initial support to the group was from the Skoll Foundation.

The organization closed on June 21, 2024, due to challenges with the funding environment. A Semafor report said it was largely due to funding: with some funders not wanting to work on climate justice, and others only wanting to support technologies like carbon dioxide removal.

Skoll Foundation
The Skoll Foundation is an American private foundation based in Palo Alto, California. The foundation makes grants and investments intended to reduce global poverty. It was founded by Jeffrey Skoll in 1999. The total assets of the foundation (including its affiliated funds) amount to $1.127 billion as of 2018. The combined entities made grants totaling about $71 million in 2018 (and disbursements of $56 million), based on unaudited numbers reported by the foundation. According to the most recent audited financial statements, the non-grant expenses for the foundation totaled around $17 million in 2018.
Srebrnik
Srebrnik (pronounced [ˈsɾeːbəɾnik]) is a settlement on the right bank of the Sotla River in the Municipality of Bistrica ob Sotli in eastern Slovenia, next to the border with Croatia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region; until January 2014 it was part of the Savinja Statistical Region.

Sutla
The Sutla (Croatian: [sûtla]) or Sotla (Slovene: [ˈsóːtla]) is a river flowing through Slovenia and Croatia, mostly forming their border. It is a tributary to the Sava, itself a tributary to the Danube. It is 89 kilometres (55 mi) long and has a watershed area of 584 square kilometres (225 sq mi).
Michèle Lamquin-Éthier
Michèle Lamquin-Étheir (born December 12, 1946) is a Canadian lawyer and former politician, who was a member of the National Assembly of Quebec from 1997 to 2007. She was a member of the Quebec Liberal Party caucus. She is married, and the mother of three sons.

Born in Montreal, Quebec, Lamquin-Étheir was a lawyer in private practice  from 1978 to 1986, a member of the complaints examination committee of the Montreal Police Department from 1978 to 1982 and the General Manager of the Provincial Healthcare Users Committee from 1986 to 1997.

First elected to the constituency of Bourassa in a by-election in 1997, Lamquin-Étheir represented the riding until 2003, when it ceased to exist as a result of redistribution. In that year's provincial election, she was re-elected in the constituency of Crémazie, which she represented until 2007. She was defeated by Lisette Lapointe of the Parti Québécois in the 2007 election.

Maurice-Richard
Maurice-Richard (French pronunciation: [mɔʁis ʁiʃaʁ]) is a provincial electoral district (riding) in the Montreal region of Quebec, Canada which elects a member to the National Assembly of Quebec. It comprises parts of the Ahuntsic-Cartierville and Montréal-Nord boroughs of the city of Montreal. The riding was known from 1972 to 2018 as Crémazie.

It was created for the 1973 election from parts of Ahuntsic and Bourassa electoral districts.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, its territory was unchanged.
Kosmos 1687
Kosmos 1687 (Russian: Космос 1687 meaning Cosmos 1687) is a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1985 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1687 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 19:23 UTC on 30 September 1985. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1985-088A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 16103.

Blok 2BL
The Blok 2BL was a rocket stage, a member of Blok L family, used as an upper stage on some versions of the Molniya-M carrier rocket. It was used as a fourth stage to launch the Oko missile early warning defence spacecraft.
Soophie Nun Squad
Soophie Nun Squad (often shortened by fans to simply Soophie or abbreviated SNS) is a DIY punk rock band from North Little Rock, Arkansas known for their  jubilant stage performances which typically include costumes, puppet shows, and a large amount of crowd participation. The number of members varies from 6 to 11, but always includes a bass guitar player, a drummer, a guitarist and at least three lead singers. They are also known for bizarre song structures and topics, such as "Donkey Call" in which the singers proclaim they are giving up automobiles in favor of riding donkeys and encourage audience members to do the same and give their "Donkey Call" (or "Esel Schrei"), or loudly make the sound of a donkey.

Defiance, Ohio
Defiance is a city in Defiance County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 17,066 at the 2020 census. It is located at the confluence of the Auglaize and Maumee rivers about 55 miles (89 km) southwest of Toledo and 47 miles (76 km) northeast of Fort Wayne, Indiana, in Ohio's northwestern corner.
Sebastiania klotzschiana
Sebastiania klotzschiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It was originally described as Gymnanthes klotzschiana Müll.Arg. in 1863. It is native to Brazil and northern Argentina.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Dinmukhamed Kunaev
Dınmūhammed Ahmetūly Qonaev (Kazakh: Дінмұхаммед Ахметұлы Қонаев; 12 January 1912 [O.S. 31 December 1911] – 22 August 1993) was a Soviet communist politician who served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR.

Almaty Region
Almaty Region (Kazakh: Almaty oblysy [ɑɫmɑˈtə ˌwobɫɤˈsə]), formerly known as the Alma-Ata Region until 1993, is a region in Kazakhstan, located in the southeastern part of the country. It surrounds, but does not include, the eponymous city of Almaty. Its capital is Qonaev.
Robert Kane (philosopher)
Robert Hilary Kane (November 25, 1938 – April 20, 2024) was an American philosopher. He was Distinguished Teaching Professor of Philosophy and a professor of law at the University of Texas at Austin.

His major contributions include, Free Will and Values (1985), Through the Moral Maze (1994), and The Significance of Free Will (1996: awarded the 1996 Robert W. Hamilton Faculty Book Award).  He also edited the Oxford Handbook of Free Will (2004) and published many articles in the philosophy of mind and action, ethics, the theory of values and philosophy of religion.

Joel Feinberg
Joel Feinberg (October 19, 1926 – March 29, 2004) was an American political and legal philosopher. He is known for his work in the fields of ethics, action theory, philosophy of law, and political philosophy as well as individual rights and the authority of the state. Feinberg was one of the most influential figures in American law, jurisprudence and political science over the last fifty years.