hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
American Angus
The American Angus is an American breed of beef cattle. It derives from the Scottish Aberdeen Angus population, but may only be black; red-coated individuals may not be registered with the American Angus Association, but can be registered as Red Angus.: 730 : 238

Beef cattle
Beef cattle are cattle raised for meat production (as distinguished from dairy cattle, used for milk (production)). The meat of mature or almost mature cattle is mostly known as beef.
In beef production there are three main stages: cow-calf operations, backgrounding, and feedlot operations.  The production cycle of the animals starts at cow-calf operations; this operation is designed specifically to breed cows for their offspring. From here the calves are backgrounded for a feedlot. Animals grown specifically for the feedlot are known as feeder cattle, the goal of these animals is fattening. Animals not grown for a feedlot are typically female and are commonly known as replacement heifers.
While the principal use of beef cattle is meat production, other uses include leather, and beef by-products used in candy, shampoo, cosmetics, and insulin.
1988 Swedish Open
The 1988 Swedish Open, also known as the Volvo (Ladies) Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts held in Båstad, Sweden and was part of the Grand Prix circuit of the 1988 Tour, as well as the Category 1 tier of the 1988 WTA Tour. It was the 41st edition of the tournament and was held from 11 July through 17 July 1988. Marcelo Filippini won the singles title.

1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The 1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the 16th elite tour for professional women's tennis of the Women's International Tennis Association (WITA) for the 1988 season. The 1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WITA Tour Championships and the WTA Category 1-5 events. ITF tournaments were not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.

The tour was governed by the Women's International Professional Tennis Council (WIPTC), a cooperation between WITA, ITF and recognized tournaments. Philip Morris sponsored the tour under its 
Virginia Slims brand.

Steffi Graf became the first singles player in history to win the Golden Slam by taking the Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon and US Open singles titles, along with the Olympic gold medal. Graf's defeat by Pam Shriver in the semifinals of the Virginia Slims Championships deprived her of a Super Slam.
Friesland-class destroyer
The Friesland-class destroyers were built for the Royal Netherlands Navy in the 1950s. They were a larger modified version of the Holland class with more powerful machinery. Eight ships were built. They were replaced by the Kortenaer-class frigates in the early 1980s and seven ships were sold to the Peruvian Navy where they served until 1991. The main armament was supplied by Bofors.

The machinery was identical to that used in the American Gearing-class destroyers and manufactured under licence by Werkspoor. The radar was manufactured by Hollandse Signaalapparaten.

Peruvian Navy
The Peruvian Navy (Spanish: Marina de Guerra del Perú, abbreviated MGP) is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with surveillance, patrol and defense on lakes, rivers and the Pacific Ocean up to 200 nautical miles (370 km; 230 mi) from the Peruvian littoral. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security, conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations.

The Marina de Guerra del Perú celebrates the anniversary of its creation in 1821 on October 8 and also commemorates the decisive Battle of Angamos, the final part of the naval campaign of the War of the Pacific between Peru and Chile at the end of 1879.
Albvorland Tunnel
The Albvorland Tunnel is a  8,176 m long twin-tube railway tunnel on the Wendlingen–Ulm high-speed railway in Baden-Württemberg. It underpasses a part of the town Kirchheim-Lindorf and Bundesautobahn 8 at the junction of Kirchheim-East in the industrial area of Dettingen unter Teck
The tunnel is situated between kilometer 30.168 and 38.342 on the railway line. It is on the boundary of Wendlingen am Neckar, Kirchheim unter Teck, Lindorf and Dettingen unter Teck. It also underpasses a  high pressure gas line and a NATO fuel line.

Wendlingen
Wendlingen am Neckar (German pronunciation: [ˈvɛndlɪŋən ʔam ˈnɛkaʁ], lit. 'Wendlingen on the Neckar') is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated on the Neckar and Lauter rivers, 27 km southeast of Stuttgart.

The town grew in size, officially, on 1 April 1940, when three separate communities of Wendlingen, Unterboihingen and Bodelshofen merged.

The town also is the headquarters of the tool company Festool.
Torte
A torte (/ˈtɔːrt/; from German: Torte (German pronunciation: [ˈtɔrtə]), in turn from Latin via Italian: torta) is a rich, usually multilayered, cake that is filled with whipped cream, buttercreams, mousses, jams, or fruit.

Tortes are commonly baked in a springform pan. Sponge cake is a common base, but a torte's cake layers may instead be made with little to no flour, using ingredients such as ground nuts or breadcrumbs. Ordinarily, the cooled torte is glazed and garnished.

Sponge cake
Sponge cake is a light cake made with egg whites, flour and sugar, sometimes leavened with baking powder. Some sponge cakes do not contain egg yolks, such as angel food cake, but most do.

The sponge cake is thought to be one of the first non-yeasted cakes, and the earliest attested sponge cake recipe in English is found in a book by the poet Gervase Markham, The English Huswife (1615). The cake was more like a cracker: thin and crisp.

The modern sponge cakes arose when bakers started using beaten eggs as a leavening agent in the mid-19th century. The creation of baking powder by a British food manufacturer in 1843 allowed the addition of butter, permitting the creation of the Victoria sponge.  A sponge cake is different from a butter cake.
Stevenston railway station
Stevenston railway station is a railway station serving the town of Stevenston, North Ayrshire, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is owned by Network Rail. It is on the Ayrshire Coast Line, 29 miles (47 km) south west of Glasgow Central.

North Ayrshire
North Ayrshire (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Àir a Tuath, pronounced [ˈʃirˠəxk aːɾʲ ə ˈt̪ʰuə]) is one of 32 council areas in Scotland. The council area borders Inverclyde to the north, Renfrewshire and East Renfrewshire to the northeast, and East Ayrshire and South Ayrshire to the east and south respectively. The local authority is North Ayrshire Council, formed in 1996 with the same boundaries as the district of Cunninghame, which existed from 1975 to 1996.

Located in the west central Lowlands with the Firth of Clyde to its west, the council area covers the northern portion of the historic county of Ayrshire, in addition to the islands of Arran and The Cumbraes from the historic county of Buteshire. North Ayrshire had an estimated population of 134,010 in 2024. Its largest towns are Irvine and Kilwinning. From 1975 to 1996 under the name Cunninghame it was one of nineteen local government districts in the Strathclyde region.
Homocitrate synthase
In enzymology, a homocitrate synthase (EC 2.3.3.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The three substrates of this enzyme are α-ketoglutaric acid, acetyl-CoA, and water. Its products are (-)-homoisocitric acid and coenzyme A.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases that convert acyl groups into alkyl groups on transfer.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:2-oxoglutarate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing, carboxymethyl forming). Other names in common use include 2-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate 2-oxoglutarate-lyase, (CoA-acetylating), acetyl-coenzyme A:2-ketoglutarate C-acetyl transferase, and homocitrate synthetase.  This enzyme participates in lysine biosynthesis and pyruvate metabolism.

Alkyl group
In organic chemistry, an alkyl group is an alkane missing one hydrogen.
The term alkyl is intentionally unspecific to include many possible substitutions. 
An acyclic alkyl has the general formula of −CnH2n+1. A cycloalkyl group is derived from a cycloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring and has the general formula −CnH2n−1.
Typically an alkyl is a part of a larger molecule. In structural formulae, the symbol R is used to designate a generic (unspecified) alkyl group. The smallest alkyl group is methyl, with the formula −CH3.
Individual Computers
Individual Computers is a German computer hardware company specializing in retrocomputing accessories for the Commodore 64, Amiga, and PC platforms. Individual Computers produced the C-One reconfigurable computer in 2003. The company is owned and run by Jens Schönfeld.

Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random-access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case. It includes external devices such as a monitor, mouse, keyboard, and speakers.

By contrast, software is a set of written  instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware derived its name from the fact it is hard or rigid with respect to changes, whereas software is soft because it is easy to change.

Hardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware.
1951 Neutral Bay state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Neutral Bay on 2 June 1951 because of the resignation of Ivan Black (Liberal). Black wanted to contest the federal seat of Warringah as the Liberal candidate at the 1951 Australian federal election. He understood that he had to resign from the state parliament at least 14 days prior to the close of nominations, which meant he needed to resign before the Liberal party selected its candidate. He was defeated for pre-selection by Francis Bland, who went on to comfortably win the seat. Black was selected as the Liberal candidate to retain the state seat.

Electoral district of Neutral Bay
Neutral Bay was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1927, replacing part of the multi-member electorate of North Shore, and named after and including the Sydney suburb of Neutral Bay. It was abolished in 1962 and partly replaced by Kirribilli.
Albanian cities during the Middle Ages
In the 14th and 15th centuries, the cities of Albania marked a slight but permanent progress. A number of new urban centers appeared around the coasts and river valleys. The Albanian cities were distinguished with development of craftsmanship, in particular the craftsmanship of jewelry, furring, carpentry, construction and gunsmithing. Craftsmanship development also induced internal and foreign trade, particularly with the Italian trade cities and with Dubrovnik. The internal trade was developed through the old and new trading routes, influencing positively the significant connections of ethnic Albanian provinces.

Districts of Albania
Districts (Albanian: rrathë or rrathët) were first and second-level administrative divisions of Albania from 1913–2000. Their number, size, and status changed over time. From 1991 to 2000, the 36 districts were organized into 12 counties. Pursuant to the 1998 Constitution and Law No. 8653, the districts were abolished and replaced with the larger counties and smaller municipalities.
Word to the Badd!!
"Word to the Badd!!" is a song by American musician Jermaine Jackson, taken from his thirteenth studio album You Said (1991). The song was written by Jackson, L.A. Reid, Babyface, Daryl Simmons and labelmates TLC's group member Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes. It was produced by Reid, Babyface, Simmons and Kayo. The song was released as the album's lead single on August 13, 1991, by LaFace Records and Arista Records.

It reached #78 on the Billboard Hot 100 on  November 30, 1991. It also peaked very low on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart at #88. An early appearance of TLC, the song features vocals from T-Boz, with a rap verse written by Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes thus earning her co-writing credit. The original version of the track, later edited for its album appearance, gained significant controversy for its scathing lyrics directed towards Jermaine's brother Michael. Both versions are featured on the 2014 expanded edition of You Said. There was no music video made for the song.

Daryl Simmons
Daryl L. Simmons is an American R&B record producer and songwriter. Best known for his production work with L.A. Reid and Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, Simmons was credited on most albums by their label LaFace Records and several of Edmonds' solo albums. In 1977, he formed the R&B collective Manchild, which recorded two soul and funk albums and became known for their hit song, "Especially for You," released that same year by Chi Sound Records. Edmonds, Reggie Griffin, and Charles "Chuckie" Bush were among Manchild's revolving members.

He has written and composed songs such as "End Of The Road" (Boyz II Men), "Super Woman" (Karyn White), "Breathe Again" (Toni Braxton), "Why I Love You So Much" (Monica), "I'm Ready" (Tevin Campbell),  "Baby Baby Baby" (TLC), "My My My" (Johnny Gill), "We're Not Making Love No More" (Dru Hill) and "Queen of the Night" (Whitney Houston).
Hyperion Nunataks
The Hyperion Nunataks (72°4′S 68°55′W﻿ / ﻿72.067°S 68.917°W﻿ / -72.067; -68.917) are a group of about 10 nunataks lying south of Saturn Glacier and 8 nautical miles (15 km) west of the Corner Cliffs, in the southeastern part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The group was first seen and photographed from the air by Lincoln Ellsworth on November 23, 1935, and mapped from these photos by W.L.G. Joerg. It was surveyed in 1949 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, and so named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee in association with nearby Saturn Glacier, Hyperion being one of the satellites of the planet Saturn.

Hyperion (moon)
Hyperion /haɪˈpɪəriən/ is the eighth-largest moon of Saturn. It is distinguished by its highly irregular shape, chaotic rotation, low density, and its unusual sponge-like appearance. It was the first non-rounded moon to be discovered.
Teenie Hodges
Mabon Lewis "Teenie" Hodges (November 16, 1945 – June 22, 2014) was an American musician known for his work as a rhythm and lead guitarist and songwriter on many of Al Green's soul hits, and those of other artists such as Ann Peebles and Syl Johnson, on Hi Records in the 1970s.  His credits as a songwriter include "Take Me to the River", "Love and Happiness", "L-O-V-E (Love)", and "Here I Am (Come and Take Me)". He was the uncle of Canadian rapper and singer Drake.

Hi Records
Hi Records is an American soul music and rhythm & blues label founded in Memphis, Tennessee in 1957 by singer Ray Harris, record store owner Joe Cuoghi, Bill Cantrell and Quinton Claunch (formerly producers for Sun Records), and three silent partners, including Cuoghi's lawyer, Nick Pesce.
2008 12 Hours of Sebring
The 2008 Mobil 1 12 Hours of Sebring presented by Fresh from Florida was the 56th running of this event and the opening round of the 2008 American Le Mans Series season.  It took place at Sebring International Raceway, Florida on March 15, 2008.  Porsche was able to defeat Audi, marking the first loss for Audi at Sebring since 1999, while Porsche marks its first overall win at Sebring since 1988, the 20th anniversary since its last win.

The Porsche's win was also the first time in 14 years that the non-premier class of the race won the 12 Hours of Sebring overall, and the third time in history; it was also the first time an LMP2 car won the 12 Hours of Sebring since the race has become a part of the ALMS. The last time that the non-premier class won overall in Sebring was 1994, when Clayton Cunningham Racing, participating in the 1994 IMSA GT Championship season as a GTS-class entry, defeated the flagship World Sports Cars in a Nissan 300ZX.

Mobil 1
Mobil 1 is a brand of synthetic motor oil and other automotive lubrication products. Originally developed by the Mobil oil company, it is now globally marketed and sold by ExxonMobil.

Mobil 1 engine oil was introduced in 1973. The brand range now includes a variety of engine oils, oil filters, chassis grease, transmission fluids, and gear lubricants.

In 1998, Mobil challenged Castrol over the discovery that Castrol was processing conventional oil and calling it synthetic. At the time, Mobil 1 was still created using a true synthetic basestock, which is more expensive. Mobil lost the advertising "complaint", and, as a result, the definition of 'synthetic oil' including Group III heavily refined to the point of considering it synthetic. In response, Mobil allegedly downgraded their process to the less expensive process. Lubes N' Greases magazine reported shortcomings in the ability to pass the tests that the original Mobil 1 formula was able to.
Tiido Laur
Tiido Laur (1882–1930), also known as Tiido Lauri, was an Estonian politician and archivist.

Laur was born on 31 August 1882 in Kohtla, Viru County. He sat in the Estonian Provincial Assembly, which governed the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia; he served in the full session which sat between 14 July 1917 and 23 April 1919. He did not sit in the newly-formed Republic of Estonia's Asutav Kogu (Constituent Assembly) or Riigikogu (Parliament). Laur died on 1 August 1930 in Tallinn.

Estonian Provincial Assembly
The Estonian Provincial Assembly or Estonian State Diet, also known by its Estonian language name Maapäev, was elected in May–June 1917 during the Russian Revolution as the provincial parliament (diet) of the autonomous Governorate of Estonia. On 28 November 1917, after the Bolshevik coup in Petrograd (then Saint Petersburg, capital of Russia), the Assembly declared itself the sole sovereign power in the governorate of Estonia and called for the elections of Estonian Constituent Assembly. On the eve of the German occupation of Estonia during World War I the council of elders the Maapäev elected the Estonian Salvation Committee, who went on to issue the Estonian Declaration of Independence on 24 February 1918.
Wizard Clip
The legend of the Wizard Clip is a popular ghost story about an incident said to have occurred in Middleway, West Virginia in the 1820s. The story of the Wizard Clip is part of the oral history of the area and was called by Rev. Alfred E. Smith, editor-in-chief of the Catholic Review and secretary to Cardinal Gibbons, "The truest ghost story ever told."

The Catholic Review
The Catholic Review is Maryland's largest paid weekly newspaper distributed by mail. The Review covers national and international news of interest to Catholics and serves as the newspaper of record for the archdiocese of Baltimore.
Thordis Loa Thorhallsdottir
Thordis Loa Thorhallsdottir (Icelandic spelling: Þórdís Lóa Þórhallsdóttir; born 7 December 1965) is an Icelandic politician and the deputy mayor of Reykjavík City. She is also a city councillor for Viðreisn and the chairperson of the council's executive committee.

University of Iceland
The University of Iceland (Icelandic: Háskóli Íslands [ˈhauːˌskouːlɪ ˈistlan(t)s]) is a public research university in Reykjavík, Iceland, and the country's oldest and largest institution of higher education. Founded in 1911, it has grown steadily from a small civil servants' school to a modern comprehensive university, providing instruction for about 14,000 students in twenty-five faculties. Teaching and research is conducted in social sciences, humanities, law, medicine, natural sciences, engineering and teacher education. It has a campus concentrated around Suðurgata, a street in central Reykjavík, with additional facilities located in nearby areas as well as in the countryside.
Rutidea nigerica
Rutidea nigerica is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in Benin, Cameroon, and Nigeria. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
2015 European Race Walking Cup
The 2015 European Race Walking Cup took place on May 17, 2015. The races were held on a 1 km lap on Gran Vía Escultor Salzillo in Murcia, Spain.  Detailed reports of the event were given for the IAAF and for the EAA.

Complete results were published.

Later, Russian athletes Mikhail Ryzhov (winner of 50 km) and Ivan Noskov (runner-up of 50 km event) were disqualified for doping, and the medals were redistubuted.

Mikhail Ryzhov (race walker)
Mikhail Mikhailovich Ryzhov (Russian: Михаил Михайлович Рыжов; born 17 December 1991) is a Russian race walker. He won the silver medal in the 50 kilometres walk event at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow, Russia, but was disqualified for doping in 2015.
University of Perpetual Help System DALTA
The University of Perpetual Help System DALTA (UPHSD) (Filipino: Pamantasan ng Laging Saklolo Sistemang DALTA; Perpetual or Perps) is a privately owned, non-sectarian co-educational institution of higher learning run by the DALTA Group of Companies with campuses at Las Piñas, NCR; Bacoor, Cavite; and Calamba, Laguna in the Philippines. The university offers programs in preschool, primary, secondary, tertiary and graduate levels, as well as short term vocational, technical, and special programs.

Malasiqui
Malasiqui, officially the Municipality of Malasiqui (Pangasinan: Baley na Malasiqui; Ilocano: Ili ti Malasiqui; Tagalog: Bayan ng Malasiqui), is a municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 144,344 people.
Napoleon at the Tuileries
Napoleon at the Tuileries (French: Napoléon aux Tuileries) is an 1838 history painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. It depicts Napoleon, Emperor of France, inspecting a parade of the Imperial Guard in the Place du Carrousel outside the Tuileries Palace in Paris around 1808. He is approached by a wounded veteran holding out a petition. Amongst the officers accompanying the Emperor are Eugène de Beauharnais, Joachim Murat, Michel Ney, Jean-Andoche Junot and Géraud Duroc. The Horses of Saint Mark, looted from Venice but later returned in 1815, can be seen on the right.

The original painting is in the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg having been acquired from the artist by Nicholas I. A copy is in the Wallace Collection in London.

Eugène de Beauharnais
Eugène Rose de Beauharnais (French: [øʒɛn d(ə) boaʁnɛ]; 3 September 1781 – 21 February 1824) was a French statesman and military officer who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Through the second marriage of his mother, Joséphine de Beauharnais, he was the stepson of Napoleon Bonaparte. Under the French Empire, he also became Napoleon's adopted son (but not the heir to the imperial throne). He was Viceroy of the Kingdom of Italy under his stepfather, from 1805 to 1814, and commanded the Army of Italy during the Napoleonic Wars. Historians consider him one of Napoleon's most able relatives.