hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Relations between Eastern Orthodoxy and Judaism
The Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church were united until the East–West Schism in 1054. Since then, the relationship between Eastern Orthodox Christians and Rabbinic Judaism has ranged from friendly, to punctuated tolerance, to outright hostility. During the last years of the Byzantine Empire, many Venetian Jews were able to purchase naturalization, and were therefore entitled to a broader set of rights than Christians. During the period of the Ottoman Empire, many Christians and Jews experienced radically different and varying experiences. In other Orthodox nations such as Russia, many Jews faced much more difficult challenges.

History of the Eastern Orthodox Church under the Ottoman Empire
In AD 1453, the city of Constantinople, the capital and last stronghold of the Byzantine Empire, fell to the Ottoman Empire. By this time, Egypt had been under Muslim control for about eight centuries.  Jerusalem had been conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate Muslims in 638, won back by Rome in 1099 under the First Crusade, and then reconquered by Saladin's forces during the siege of Jerusalem in 1187. Later, in the seventh Crusade, it was briefly taken back by the Catholics once again. It was conquered by the Ottomans in 1517. Orthodoxy, however, was very strong in Russia which had recently acquired an autocephalous status; and thus Moscow called itself the Third Rome, as the cultural heir of Constantinople. Under Ottoman rule, all Orthodox Christians, regardless of their language, were placed into the Orthodox Cristian millet (Rum millet), administered by the Greek-speaking Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
Kocurypelta
Kocurypelta is an extinct genus of paratypothoracin aetosaur from the Late Triassic (Norian)-aged Lissauer Breccia of southern Poland. Only the type species is known, which is K. silvestris, described by Czepiński et al. in 2021.

Norian
The Norian is a division of the Triassic Period. It has the rank of an age (geochronology) or stage (chronostratigraphy). It lasted from ~227.3 to 205.7 million years ago. It was preceded by the Carnian and succeeded by the Rhaetian.
Rollin' Days
"Rollin' Days" is a song by Japanese rock act Superfly. It is a digital single from the band's third studio album Mind Travel. The song itself is featured as the theme song for the Japanese drama BOSS. "Rollin' Days" reached the top of the iTunes Store charts, peaked at 11 on the Japan Hot 100, and at 7 on the RIAJ Digital Track Chart. Superfly's vocalist Shiho Ochi wrote the lyrics while former guitarist Kōichi Tabo composed the track with Koichi Tsutaya arranging the song.

The "Rollin' Days" music video is one of the 50 nominees for the various categories in the 2012 SPACE SHOWER Music Video Awards. In 2015, the song was certified gold by the RIAJ.

RIAJ Digital Track Chart
The RIAJ Digital Track chart (RIAJ有料音楽配信チャート, RIAJ Yūryō Ongaku Haishin Chāto) was a record chart that ranks the best selling digital singles in Japan, with data provided by the Recording Industry Association of Japan from April 2009. The chart measures cellphone downloads (着うたフル Chaku-Uta Full) (not downloads from PCs, or ringtones (着うた Chaku-Uta)). On July 27, 2012, the service that tracked the charts was shut down.
2012 Uzbekistan Cup final
The 2012 Uzbekistan Cup final was the final match of the 2012 Uzbekistan Cup, the 20th season of the Uzbek Cup, a football competition for the 37 teams in the Uzbek League and Uzbekistan First League. The match was contested by Bunyodkor and Nasaf Qarshi, at Pakhtakor Markaziy Stadium in Tashkent, on 30 November 2012.

Pakhtakor Central Stadium
The Pakhtakor Central Stadium (Uzbek: Paxtakor markaziy stadioni) is a multi-purpose stadium in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. It is one of the main stadiums in Uzbekistan, located in the center of Tashkent, in Shaykhantahur District. The stadium has a capacity of 35,000 fans. It is the home stadium of Pakhtakor FC. In addition, the Uzbekistan national football team played some matches at the stadium.

From 1992 until 2012, Pakhtakor Stadium was the main stadium, where the Uzbekistan national football team played home games. Since 2013, the main home stadium for the Uzbekistan national team has been Milliy Stadium.
DTDP-galactose 6-dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a dTDP-galactose 6-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.186) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

dTDP-D-galactose + 2 NADP+ + H2O  dTDP-D-galacturonate + 2 NADPH + 2 H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are dTDP-D-galactose, NADP+, and H2O, whereas its 3 products are dTDP-D-galacturonate, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is dTDP-D-galactose:NADP+ 6-oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called thymidine-diphosphate-galactose dehydrogenase. This enzyme participates in nucleotide sugars metabolism.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
1862 Coleraine by-election
The 1862 Coleraine by-election of 31 January 1862 was called on the death of the previous Conservative M.P. John Boyd in January 1862. The only candidate was Conservative Sir Henry Hervey Bruce, 3rd Baronet. He retained the seat until the 1874 United Kingdom general election when he was defeated by the Liberal Daniel Taylor.

Sir Henry Bruce, 3rd Baronet
Sir Henry Hervey Bruce, 3rd Baronet PC (Ire) (22 September 1820 – 8 December 1907) was an Irish Conservative politician. He was Member of Parliament for Coleraine from 1862 to 1874, and from 1880 to 1885.
Ninemilehouse
Ninemilehouse (Irish: Tigh na Naoi Míle), historically called Killcullen (Irish: Cill Chuillinn)  is a village in County Tipperary, Ireland. It lies on the N76 national secondary road at its junction with the R690 regional road.

Ninemilehouse is on the border with County Kilkenny, on a pass through the eastern foothills of Slievenamon. It derives its name from the fact that it is nine Irish miles (18 km; 11 statute miles) along  Glenbower along the turnpike road.

County Kilkenny
County Kilkenny (Irish: Contae Chill Chainnigh) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Kilkenny. Kilkenny County Council is the local authority for the county. At the 2022 census the population of the county was 103,685. The county was based on the historic Gaelic kingdom of Ossory (Osraighe), which was coterminous with the Diocese of Ossory.
Marcus Joseph
Marcus Leric "Lobo" Jr. Joseph (born 29 April 1991) is a Trinidadian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Super League Kerala club Thrissur Magic and the Trinidad and Tobago national football team.

2019 Durand Cup
The 2019 Durand Cup was the 129th edition of the Durand Cup, oldest football tournament in Asia, since the tournament's founding in 1888. 16 teams competed in the tournament. The matches were played across three locations in West Bengal, namely Kolkata, Howrah and Kalyani  from 2 August 2019. The final took place at the Salt Lake Stadium on 24 August 2019.

Army Green were the defending champions, having defeated NEROCA in the 2016 final, however they did not qualify for the semi-finals having finished last in the group. Gokulam Kerala won their maiden title by defeating Mohun Bagan 2–1 in the 2019 Durand Cup Final which was held on 24 August 2019.
Benton Township, Fulton County, Arkansas
Benton Township is a township in Fulton County, Arkansas, United States. Its total population was 2,564 as of the 2010 United States census, an increase of 3.26 percent from 2,483 at the 2000 census.

According to the 2010 Census, Benton Township is located at 36°22′21″N 91°50′55″W﻿ / ﻿36.372416°N 91.848591°W﻿ / 36.372416; -91.848591 (36.372416, -91.848591). It has a total area of 59.552 square miles (154.24 square kilometers), of which 59.493 sq mi (154.09 km2) is land and 0.059 sq mi (0.15 km2) is water (0.10%). As per the USGS National Elevation Dataset, the elevation is 781 feet (238 m).

The city of Salem is located within the township.

Fulton County, Arkansas
Fulton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,075. The county seat is Salem. Fulton County was formed on December 21, 1842, and named for William Fulton, the last governor of the Arkansas Territory. It is an alcohol prohibition or dry county.
Battle of Malakand Pass
The Battle of Malakand Pass pass took place in the Malakand Pass between a British expeditionary force commanded by Robert Low, a General of the British Indian Army against tribal Chitralis during the Chitral Expedition.

Malakand Pass
The Malakand Pass (Pashto: درہ ملاکنډ; Urdu: درۂ ملاکنڈ) is a mountain pass in the Malakand District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa that connects Peshawar with the Chitral District.

The pass road begins at Dargai, which is 150 km the north-west from Islamabad. It then slopes upward towards the tunnel, reaching the areas of Swat and Dir. From the top of the pass, Swat Canal descends through the valley. The Canal was built by the British in the colonial era to channel water from the Swat River through Malakand Pass to the plain areas around Mardan.

The Pass is a wide open road and is well-structured but sometimes it may get extensively trafficked.

At the top end, it is guarded by the Malakand Fort from which it descends through the bazaar of Batkhela, with a Hindu Shahi fort perched above it. After this, it continues to reach the headworks of the Swat Canal to the Swat River. At the bottom end, it meets the plain areas of Mardan and the Charsadda District.
Heteralcis isochra
Heteralcis isochra is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1908. It is found in Assam, India. and Sri Lanka.

The wingspan is 12–14 mm. The forewings exhibit a light ochreous yellow color, adorned with four somewhat oblique, broad, and undefined fasciae that are darker, with a deeper ochreous or brownish suffusion. The first fascia is sometimes notably dark fuscous, while the second is the narrowest. The hindwings are also light ochreous yellow and feature a subdorsal groove that encloses a long pencil of ochreous-yellowish hairs.

Lecithoceridae
The Lecithoceridae, or long-horned moths, are a family of small moths described by Simon Le Marchand in 1947. Although lecithocerids are found throughout the world, the great majority are found in the Indomalayan realm and the southern part of the Palaearctic realm.
Illawarra Sports High School
Illawarra Sports High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive and specialist secondary day school, with speciality in sports, located in Berkeley, a southern suburb of Wollongong, in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1956 as the Berkeley High School, the school changed its name in 1998 in line with becoming a sports-oriented school. The Illawarra Sports High School caters for approximately 740 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 13 percent identified as Indigenous Australians and 27 percent were from a language background other than English. The school draws the majority of its students from the southern Wollongong area; with an increasing number of students from the larger Illawarra area who access its specialist sports programs. The school is operated by the New South Wales Department of Education; the principal is Kerrie Powell.

Illawarra Sports High School is a member of the NSW Sports High Schools Association.

Year 7
Year 7 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Australia and New Zealand. It is the seventh full year (or eighth in Australia and England) of compulsory education and is roughly equivalent to grade 6 in the United States and Canada (or to grade 7 for the Australian Year 7). Children in this year are between 11 and 12.
Ciavenasca
The Ciavenasca is an Italian breed of small domestic sheep from the province of Sondrio, in Lombardy in northern Italy. It is raised in the mountainous terrain of the Val San Giacomo, the Val Bregaglia and the Valchiavenna, from which the name of the breed derives.: 200 : 52  It is raised only for meat; the wool is of very poor quality, and the milk is sufficient only for the lambs. It is one of the forty-two autochthonous local sheep breeds of limited distribution for which a herdbook is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep-breeders.: 52

In 2013 total numbers for the breed were not reported. A population of 3300 was reported in 2003.

Province of Sondrio
The province of Sondrio (Italian: provincia di Sondrio), also known as Valtellina (the major valley of the province) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its provincial capital is the city of Sondrio.

As of 2024, it has a population of 179,165.
Jack Tenney
Jack Breckinridge Tenney (April 1, 1898 – November 4, 1970) was an American politician who was noted for leading anti-communist investigations in California in the 1940s and early 1950s as head of the California Senate Factfinding Subcommittee on Un-American Activities ("Tenney Committee"); earlier, he was a song-composer, best known for "Mexicali Rose".

Calexico, California
Calexico (/kəˈlɛksɪkoʊ/) is a city in southern Imperial County, California. As of the 2020 census, Calexico had a population of 38,633. Situated on the Mexican border, it is linked economically with the much larger city of Mexicali, the capital of the Mexican state of Baja California. It is about 122 miles (196 km) east of San Diego and 62 miles (100 km) west of Yuma, Arizona. Calexico, along with six other incorporated Imperial County cities, forms part of the larger populated area known as the Imperial Valley. First explored by Europeans in the 18th century, Calexico began as a small tent community which was ultimately incorporated in 1908.
Crakehall Mill
Crakehall Mill is a historic watermill in Crakehall, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

Two watermills were recorded in Crakehall in 1297, and one was sited on Crakehall Beck, on the site of the current mill.  The building is dated by Historic England to the early 19th century, but by the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings to the 17th century.  The mill ceased working in 1930, but the machinery remained in situ.  It was restored, and began working again in 1977, and although it closed in 2002, it reopened again in 2010, following extensive repairs.  It typically produces 2.5 to 3 tonnes of flour per year.  The building was Grade II listed in 1988.

The building is constructed of stone with a pantile roof.  It hasbr two storeys, three bays, and an outshut to the right containing the 18 feet (5.5 m) breastshot waterwheel.  Steps lead up to a stable door in the left bay, and the windows are casements.  Inside are two pairs of millstones and assorted machinery.

Pantile
A pantile is a type of fired roof tile, normally made from clay.  It is S-shaped in profile and is single lap, meaning that the end of the tile laps only the course immediately below.  Flat tiles normally lap two courses.

A pantile-covered roof is considerably lighter than a flat-tiled equivalent and can be laid to a lower pitch.

In Britain, pantiles are found in eastern coastal parts of England and Scotland, including Norfolk, East Yorkshire, County Durham, Perthshire, Angus, Lothian and Fife, where they were first imported from the Netherlands in the early 17th century. They are rarely used in western England or western Scotland, except in Bristol and the Somerset town of Bridgwater.
KRAO-FM
KRAO-FM (102.5 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a classic hits format in the Palouse region of Northern Idaho and Eastern Washington. Licensed to Colfax, Washington, United States, the station is currently owned by Inland Northwest Broadcasting, LLC.

Palouse
The Palouse (/pəˈluːs/ pə-LOOSS) is a geographic region of the northwestern United States, encompassing parts of north central Idaho, southeastern Washington (part of eastern Washington), and by some definitions, parts of northeast Oregon. It is a major agricultural area, primarily producing wheat and legumes. Situated about 160 miles (260 km) north of the Oregon Trail, the region experienced rapid growth in the late 19th century.

The Palouse is home to two land-grant universities: the University of Idaho in Moscow and Washington State University in Pullman. Just eight miles (13 km) apart, both universities opened in the early 1890s.
The Monkey Talks (film)
The Monkey Talks is a 1927 American silent drama film directed by Raoul Walsh and written by Malcolm Stuart Boylan and Elizabeth Pickett Chevalier. The film stars Olive Borden, Jacques Lerner, Don Alvarado, Malcolm Waite, Raymond Hitchcock, and Ted McNamara. Based on the play Le Singe qui parle by René Fauchois, the film was released on February 20, 1927, by Fox Film Corporation.

Raoul Walsh
Raoul Walsh (born Albert Edward Walsh; March 11, 1887 – December 31, 1980) was an American film director, actor, founding member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), and the brother of silent cinema actor George Walsh. He portrayed John Wilkes Booth in the silent film The Birth of a Nation (1915) and directed the widescreen epic The Big Trail (1930) starring John Wayne in his first leading role, The Roaring Twenties starring James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart, High Sierra (1941) starring Ida Lupino and Humphrey Bogart, and White Heat (1949) starring James Cagney and Edmond O'Brien. He directed his last film in 1964. His work has been noted as influences on directors such as Rainer Werner Fassbinder and Martin Scorsese.
Scott Morgan (rugby union)
Scott Morgan (born 17 October 1978) is a Welsh former international rugby union player who played as a lock or flanker.

Morgan began his career at Neath before joining Llanelli, Bristol and Leeds. In 2006 he joined Cardiff Blues. During his time at Leeds he helped them win the 2004–05 Powergen Cup, the final of which he started.

In July 2010 Morgan joined Newport Gwent Dragons. He was released by Newport Gwent Dragons in June 2012

Neath RFC
Neath Rugby Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Castell-Nedd) is a Welsh rugby union club which plays in the Indigo Premiership for Season 2024/25. The club's home ground is The Gnoll, Neath. The team is known as the  All Blacks because of the team colours: black with only a white cross pattée as an emblem. They were formed in 1871. They are feeder club to the Ospreys regional team.
St Luke's Church, Kew
St Luke's Church, Kew, is a parish church in Kew, in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. It is part of the Church of England and the Anglican Communion and, locally, is a member of Churches Together in Kew. Together with St Philip and All Saints (the Barn Church), it is one of two parishes within the united benefice of Kew, St Philip & All Saints with St Luke. Its vicar, Rev Dr Melanie Harrington,  took up the role in June 2021. The church, built in the Gothic Revival style by architects Goldie, Child and Goldie, is also host to the Kew Community Trust and acts as a community centre.

Edward Goldie
Edward Goldie (1856–1921) was an English ecclesiastical architect who was notable for building Roman Catholic churches, mainly in the form of Gothic Revival architecture. He was the son of George Goldie.
Carnival Records (UK label)
Carnival Records was an English-based record label run by Australian businessman Alan Crawford. It released mainly reggae and ska recordings from 1963 to 1965. Artists who have had releases on the label include The African Messengers, Errol Dixon, Mike Elliott, Oscar James, Dandy Livingstone, Sugar 'N' Dandy, Sunny and the Hi-Jumpers and The Wes Minster Five

Oscar James
Oscar James (born 25 July 1942) is a Trinidadian actor who is based in the United Kingdom. He has had a long and varied career, but is best known for appearing on British television, in particular the BBC soap opera EastEnders, in which he was one of the original 23 cast members as Tony Carpenter, a role he played for over two years. He also made an appearance in the 2005 film Charlie and the Chocolate Factory as the shopkeeper.
Equatorial Convention Centre
Equatorial Convention Centre (ECC) was a convention centre located in Hithadhoo, Addu City of Maldives. It was specially built for the seventeenth SAARC summit which was held in November  2011 in Addu City and nearby Fuvahmulah island. ECC was formally opened by the President of the Maldives Mohamed Nasheed on November 10, 2011.

The ECC was converted into a 100-bed tertiary hospital by the Government of Maldives and was renamed to Addu Equatorial Hospital.

Hithadhoo (Addu)
Hithadhoo (Dhivehi: ހިތަދޫ) is a district of Addu City, in the Maldives. Hithadhoo is the main administrative district of Addu City, with many of the administrative buildings in this district. The town is situated on the island of the same name, the westernmost of Addu Atoll (previously known as Seenu Atoll). In terms of population, Hithadhoo is home to the largest population in Addu City. According to the 2022 Census, with 13,759 residents, Hithadhoo also has the largest population of any administrative island in Maldives, a category that excludes the much larger national capital, Malé.
Muraywid
Muraywid (Arabic: مريود; also transliterated Mreiwid) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located northeast of Hama city. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Muraywid had a population of 750 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are Alawites.

Hama Governorate
Hama Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حماة Muḥāfaẓat Ḥamā) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western-central Syria, bordering Idlib and Aleppo Governorates to the north, Raqqa Governorate to the east, Homs Governorate to the south, and Tartus and Latakia Governorate to the west. It is the only Governorate (excluding Damascus) that does not border a foreign country. Measures of its area vary from 8,844 km2 to 8,883 km2, with its capital being the city of Hama, also notably being the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries.
Kings Norton railway station
Kings Norton railway station serves the Kings Norton and Cotteridge areas of Birmingham, England. It lies on the Cross-City Line from Redditch and Bromsgrove through Birmingham New Street to Lichfield. The station's main entrance is located on Pershore Road South, the A441.

Redditch
Redditch is a town and non-metropolitan district with borough status in Worcestershire, England. In 2021, the town had a population of 81,637 and the district had a population of 87,037. In the 1800s, it became a centre for the needle and fishing tackle industry; by the end of the century,
90% of the world's needles were manufactured in the town and its surrounding areas.

In the 1960s, it became part of the new town planning movement which included it expanding into neighbouring villages and hamlets surrounding the town. It is the second largest settlement in Worcestershire, after Worcester.