hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marton Oak
The Marton Oak is a large, ancient pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) in the village of Marton, Cheshire.

The tree's girth (as far as it can be called a girth, the tree being quite fragmented) was measured by Pollard (in August 2025) as being 14.6 metres (48 ft)  at 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) off the ground, making it the UK's largest and widest tree since the collapse of the Newland Oak in Gloucestershire, surpassing trees such as the Bowthorpe Oak in Lincolnshire and the three large sweet chestnut trees at Canford School, Dorset. The tree is believed to be 1,200 years old, and is thought to be in the latter stages of its lifespan, as most of the heartwood has rotted away. The tree split into sections centuries ago, but they have one and the same root system. It is not known what the tree looked like before it split.

Sweet chestnut
The sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa), also known as the Spanish chestnut or European chestnut, is a species of tree in the family Fagaceae, native to Southern Europe and Asia Minor, and widely cultivated throughout the temperate world. A substantial, long-lived deciduous tree, it produces an edible seed, the chestnut, which has been used in cooking since ancient times.
Bamford Edge
Bamford Edge is an overhang of gritstone rock that sticks out north of the village of Bamford, Hope Valley, in the English county of Derbyshire. The first ascent of "Smoked Salmon", which is graded as E8 7b was made by British climber Johnny Dawes.

Bamford Edge has numerous trails across it and, on a clear day, provides views of almost all of the Hope Valley. Some trails come out at New Road opposite the Yorkshire Bridge public house.

Hope Valley, Derbyshire
The Hope Valley is a rural area centred on the village of Hope, Derbyshire, in the Peak District in the northern Midlands of England.

The name also applies to the post town that includes the surrounding villages.
Michael Adams (American football)
Michael Wayne Adams Jr. (born June 17, 1985) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Louisiana–Lafayette Ragin' Cajuns and was signed by the Arizona Cardinals as an undrafted free agent in 2007.

On June 19, 2013, Adams signed a one-year contract with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns football
The Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns football (formerly competed as Southwestern Louisiana or USL, later and still often referred to as Louisiana-Lafayette or ULL) program is a college football team that represents the University of Louisiana at Lafayette at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level as a member of the Sun Belt Conference. Since 1971, the team has played its home games at Cajun Field in Lafayette, Louisiana. Michael Desormeaux has served as Louisiana's head coach since 2021.

The RCAF (Ragin Cajun Athletic Foundation) is the supporter association that assists with funding for all Ragin Cajun sports.
Manihiki Plateau
The Manihiki Plateau is an oceanic plateau in the south-west Pacific Ocean. The Manihiki Plateau was formed by volcanic activity 126 to 116 million years ago during the mid-Cretaceous period at a triple junction plate boundary called the Tongareva triple junction.
Initially at 125 million years ago the Manihiki Plateau formed part of the giant Ontong Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi plateau.

Triple junction
A triple junction is the point where the boundaries of three tectonic plates meet. At the triple junction each of the three boundaries will be one of three types – a ridge (R), trench (T) or transform fault (F) – and triple junctions can be described according to the types of plate margin that meet at them (e.g. fault–fault–trench, ridge–ridge–ridge, or abbreviated F-F-T, R-R-R). Of the ten possible types of triple junctions only a few are stable through time (stable in this context means that the geometrical configuration of the triple junction will not change through geologic time). The meeting of four or more plates is also theoretically possible, but junctions will only exist instantaneously.
White Wolf Fault
The White Wolf Fault is a fault in southern California, located along the northwestern transition of the Tejon Hills and Tehachapi Mountains with the San Joaquin Valley. It is north of the intersection of the San Andreas Fault and the Garlock Fault, and roughly parallel with the latter. It is classed as a reverse (vertical motion) fault with a left lateral (sinistral) component.

San Joaquin Valley
The San Joaquin Valley (/ˌsæn hwɑːˈkiːn/ ⓘ SAN whah-KEEN; Spanish: Valle de San Joaquín) is the southern half of California's Central Valley. Famed as a major breadbasket, the San Joaquin Valley is an important source of food, producing a significant part of California's agricultural output.

San Joaquin Valley draws from nine counties of Northern and Central California, including all of San Joaquin and Kings counties, most of Stanislaus, Merced, and Fresno counties, and parts of Madera and Tulare counties, along with a majority of Kern County. Although the valley is predominantly rural, it has four densely populated urban centers:  Stockton/Modesto, Fresno, Porterville/Visalia, and Bakersfield.
The Enemy (Bagley novel)
The Enemy is a first person narrative espionage thriller novel by English author Desmond Bagley, first published in 1977. In 2001 it was made into a movie starring Roger Moore, Luke Perry and Olivia d'Abo.

Spy fiction
Spy fiction is a genre of literature involving espionage as an important context or plot device. It emerged in the early twentieth century, inspired by rivalries and intrigues between the major powers, and the establishment of modern intelligence agencies. It was given new impetus by the development of communism and fascism in the lead-up to World War II, continued to develop during the Cold War, and received a fresh impetus from the emergence of rogue states, international criminal organizations, global terrorist networks, maritime piracy and technological sabotage and espionage as potent threats to Western societies.  As a genre, spy fiction is thematically related to the novel of adventure (The Prisoner of Zenda, 1894, The Scarlet Pimpernel, 1905), the thriller (such as the works of Edgar Wallace) and the politico-military thriller (The Schirmer Inheritance, 1953, The Quiet American, 1955).
Herne Hill Velodrome
The Herne Hill Velodrome is an outdoor velodrome in Herne Hill, in south London. It is one of the oldest cycling tracks in the world, having been built in 1891. It hosted the track cycling events in the 1948 Summer Olympics and was briefly the home of Crystal Palace Football Club during World War I.

Between 1987, when the track at Paddington Recreation Ground was demolished, and 2011, when the London Velopark for the 2012 Summer Olympics opened, Herne Hill was the only track in London.

British Cycling
British Cycling (formerly the British Cycling Federation) is the main national governing body for cycle sport in Great Britain. It administers most competitive cycling in Great Britain, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. It represents Britain at the world body, the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) and selects national teams, including the Great Britain (GB) Cycling Team for races in Britain and abroad. As of 2020, it has a total membership of 165,000.

It is based at the National Cycling Centre on the site of the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester.
Simon Carless
Simon Carless is a video game industry businessperson and former game designer and editor. Simon is the founder of GameDiscoverCo, a video game discoverability consultancy firm, and previously worked overseeing the worldwide Game Developers Conference event and Black Hat information security events.

Carless is Chairman Emeritus of the Independent Games Festival, and he co-founded the Independent Games Summit as part of Game Developers Conference in 2007.

Carless formerly edited the games section on Slashdot, and he worked as a lead game designer at Kuju Entertainment, Eidos Interactive and Atari. He wrote Gaming Hacks, a book published by O'Reilly Media.

Carless was also active in the demoscene of the early 1990s, releasing modules under the moniker Hollywood. He operated the netlabel Monotonik from 1996 to 2009.

Kuju (company)
Kuju Entertainment Ltd. was a British video game developer. It is a successor to Simis, which was formed in 1989 and purchased by Eidos Interactive in 1995. Kuju was formed in 1998 in Shalford, Surrey, England, after a management buyout of Simis from Eidos. Kuju merged with Curve Games in 2016.

Kuju released titles across different devices, ranging from Art Academy on the Nintendo DS, The Lord of the Rings: Aragorn's Quest and Battalion Wars 2 for the Wii, and an Xbox One title, Powerstar Golf.
Intragna
Intragna is a village and locality in the municipality of Centovalli in the district of Locarno of the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

Intragna has good railway connection with Locarno, Switzerland and Domodossola, Italy, as well as bus connections that lead to various hiking routes – several interesting paths begin or end in Intragna itself.

Intragna is an old town with ancient-style buildings and small narrow streets. It has artist workshops selling handmade lacework and ceramics, as well as several hotels. The church tower of Intragna is claimed to be the highest tower in Ticino.

Domodossola
Domodossola (Italian: [ˌdɔmoˈdɔssola]), locally also Domo (Ossolano: Dòmm), is a city and comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, in the region of Piedmont, northern Italy. The Peruvian aviation pioneer, Jorge Chávez, died here in 1910 in an airplane crash.
Thanasis Bourandas
Thanasis Bourantas (Θανάσης Μπουραντάς) (born 1945) is a local Greek politician. He was heavily involved in trade unions from the 1970s to the mid-1990s, including as leader of the Labour Centre of Euboea. He was elected as the first Prefect of Euboea in 1995 followed by his election as mayor of Kymi-Aliveri in 2014 and 2019. He was honoured for his work in April 2024 with a special event and award presented by the Regional Governor, Fanis Spanos.

Trade unions in Greece
Trade unions in Greece include:

General Confederation of Greek Workers

Civil Servants' Confederation

Kasapi Union

All-Workers Militant Front

Greek Trade Union of Cleaners and Housekeepers

Anarcho-Syndicalist initiative Rocinante.
Flavopunctelia darrowii
Flavopunctelia darrowii is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first formally described as a new species by John Walter Thomson in 1950 as Parmelia darrowi. It is named after American botanist Robert Arthur Darrow. In 1982, Hildur Krog transferred it to the subgenus Flavopunctelia of her newly circumscribed genus Punctelia, created to contain Parmelia species with punctate (point-like) pseudocyphellae. Mason Hale raised this subgenus to generic status a couple of years later.

The lichen is endemic to the American oak-pine forests of southern Arizona and higher elevations in Chihuahua and Sonora, Mexico.

Pseudocyphella
Pseudocyphellae (singular pseudocyphella) are structures in lichens that appear as tiny pores on the outer surface (the cortex) of the lichen.  They are caused when there is a break in the cortex of the lichen, and the medullary hyphae extend to the surface.  Pseudocyphellae are the same colour as the medulla of the lichen, which is generally white, but can be yellow in some species of Pseudocyphellaria and in Bryoria fremontii.  The presence/absence, abundance, colour, and shape of pseudocyphellae can all be diagnostic features used to identify different species. They facilitate gas exchange through the surface of the lichen, and may provide an adaptive advantage in temperate environments.
Qianjiang, Chongqing
Qianjiang District (Chinese: 黔江区; pinyin: Qiánjiāng Qū) is a district in the southeastern part of Chongqing, China, bordering Hubei province to the east and northeast. While it is governed as a district, in practice Qianjiang is its own city proper far removed from the urban centre of Chongqing. Qianjiang is nicknamed "The Throat of Sichuan and Hubei" (川鄂咽喉) because it sits on the intersection of Sichuan-Hubei and Sichuan-Hunan Roads.

Qianjiang District has a permanent population of 487,281, per the 2020 Chinese census, the majority of which is ethnically Tujia. The district is also home to large Han Chinese and Miao populations, which comprise about 30% and 15% of the district's population, respectively.

Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County
Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County (Chinese: 秀山土家族苗族自治县; pinyin: Xiùshān Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn), or Xiushan County for short, is located in the southeast of Chongqing Municipality, China. It is the municipality's southernmost county-level division.
Jasna Đuričić
Jasna Đuričić (Serbian Cyrillic: Јасна Ђуричић; born 16 April 1966) is a Serbian actress and academic, best known for playing the title role in the Bosnian film Quo Vadis, Aida?, which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign International Feature Film in 2021, and for which she was awarded European film award for Best actress. In Serbia, she is primarily renowned for her work in theater.

34th European Film Awards
The 34th European Film Awards were presented in Berlin, Germany on 11 December 2021. Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the awards went ahead without an in person audience, taking the form of a hybrid event, including pre-produced and live online.
Parksley Spuds
The Parksley Spuds was a Class D minor league baseball team based in Parksley, Virginia, which had a population of just over 600 people at the 1920 United States census. They played in the Eastern Shore League between 1922 and 1928, the entire run of the league's initial incarnation. The Spuds won multiple league pennants during that span. The league encountered financial difficulties during the 1928 season and the owners of the teams voted to disband the league.

One of the notable players to appear for the Spuds was Jimmie Foxx; he was a catcher for the team during its visit to a 1924 championship series known as the Five-State Championship. He later became a Baseball Hall of Fame first baseman.

Arcadia Publishing
Arcadia Publishing is an American publisher of neighborhood, local, and regional history of the United States in pictorial form. Arcadia Publishing also runs the History Press, which publishes text-driven books on American history and folklore.
Andrew Henderson (English cricketer)
Andrew Arthur Henderson (born 14 July 1941) is a former English cricketer.  Henderson was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Chadwell Heath, Essex.

Henderson made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 1964 Minor Counties Championship against Berkshire.  Henderson played two further Minor Counties Championship fixtures for the county in 1965, against Hertfordshire and Berkshire.

Having played Second XI cricket for the Sussex Second XI since 1968, Henderson made his only first-class appearance for Sussex in the 1972 County Championship against Gloucestershire. In the Gloucestershire first-innings he took 3 wickets for 65 runs, while in their second-innings he took 2 wickets for 67 runs.  With the bat he was dismissed for 2 runs by Sadiq Mohammad in the Sussex first-innings, while in their second-innings he scored 9 runs before being dismissed by John Mortimore.

Sadiq Mohammad
Sadiq Mohammad (Urdu: صادق محمد, born 3 May 1945) is a Pakistani former Test cricketer and younger brother of the Pakistani batsmen Hanif and Mushtaq Mohammad. He made his Test debut in the first Test between Pakistan and New Zealand in 1969. The 4th Test against the West Indies in 1981 was his final Test for Pakistan. He played county cricket for Gloucestershire. Sadiq also coached the Pakistan cricket team to bronze at the 2010 Asian Games. He umpired in one ODI game in 2000.

As a child, he attended the Church Mission School (CMS) in Karachi.
Rowley Island
Rowley Island is one of the Canadian Arctic islands in the Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is located in Foxe Basin and has an area of 1,090 km2 (420 sq mi).

Although the island is uninhabited there is both an unmanned Distant Early Warning Line base, called FOX-1 at 69°04′01″N 079°03′54″W﻿ / ﻿69.06694°N 79.06500°W﻿ / 69.06694; -79.06500, and an Automated Surface Observing System.

It is named after the arctic explorer Graham Westbrook Rowley.

Arctic Archipelago
The Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is an archipelago lying to the north of the Canadian continental mainland, excluding Greenland (an autonomous territory of the Danish Realm, which is, by itself, much larger than the combined area of the archipelago), and Iceland (an independent country).

Situated in the northern extremity of North America and covering about 1,424,500 km2 (550,000 sq mi), this group of 36,563 islands, surrounded by the Arctic Ocean, comprises much of Northern Canada, predominately Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. The archipelago is showing some effects of climate change, with some computer estimates determining that melting there will contribute 3.5 cm (1.4 in) to the rise in sea levels by 2100.
Salim Muwakkil
Salim Muwakkil (born Alonzo James Cannady, January 20, 1947) is an American journalist and political commentator, based in Chicago. He is a senior editor at In These Times magazine and an op-ed columnist for the Chicago Tribune.

Muwakkil writes on African-American issues, Middle East politics, and US foreign policy. He is a Crime and Communities Media Fellow of the Open Society Institute, and teaches a seminar on race, media, and politics for the Urban Studies Program of the Associated Colleges of the Midwest.

Muwakkil, born in New York City, attended Rutgers University in New Jersey; he graduated with a BA in Political Science in 1973.

Associated Colleges of the Midwest
Associated Colleges of the Midwest (ACM) is a consortium of 14 private liberal arts colleges, primarily in the Midwestern United States. The 14 colleges are located in five states: Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. The ACM was established in 1958 and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. The consortium's president is Lisa Jasinski.
Miusera
Miusera (Georgian: მიუსერა, miusera; Abkhaz: Мысра, Mysra; Russian: Мюссера, Myussera) also spelled as Miuseri is an urban settlement located in the Gudauta District of Abkhazia, a disputed region on the Black Sea coast.

Gudauta District
Gudauta District is a district of Abkhazia, Georgia's breakaway republic. It corresponds to the eponymous Georgian district. Its capital is Gudauta, the town by the same name. The population of the district was 34,869 at the time of the 2003 census, down from 57,334 in 1989. By the time of the 2011 Census, the population had increased to 36,775.
CCTV Cities
CCTV Cities is a 2008 British television documentary programme, produced and presented by journalist Donal MacIntyre.  Each episode featured a British town or city.  Leeds (Halton Moor and Leeds city centre), Wigan, Edinburgh and London were all featured.  The documentary was shown on Five.

Instances shown include an attempted suicide on a bridge in Leeds, where a man attempts to commit suicide by jumping into the River Aire, as well as police being attacked with missiles in Halton Moor, Leeds, when criminals attempted to regain a stolen car which the police were recovering.

River Aire
The River Aire is a major river in Yorkshire, England, 92 miles (148 km) in length. Part of the river below Leeds is canalised, and is known as the Aire and Calder Navigation.

The Handbook for Leeds and Airedale (1890) notes that the distance from Malham to Howden is 58 miles (93 km) direct, but the river's meanderings extend that to 90 miles (140 km). Between Malham Tarn and Airmyn, the river drops 1,300 feet (400 m).
Muse clashes
Three months after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'etat, the Muse clashes erupted between the Myanmar military and the Northern Alliance. According to the Democratic Voice of Burma, gunfire broke out in Muse on 23 May 2024. Fighting also took place in the Chinese border area of Mongko between the MNDAA and the Myanmar Army.

Mong Ko
Mong Ko (Burmese: မုံးကိုးမြို့; Chinese: 勐古; pinyin: Měng gǔ), sometimes spelled Mongko or Monekoe and also known as Man Kan, Man Guo and Panglong, is a town in Mu Se Township, Mu Se District, northern Shan State, Myanmar.

Like many towns in the region, Mong Ko is known to be a hotspot for drug production and trade.
Gelbressée
Gelbressée (French pronunciation: [ʒɛlbʁɛse]; Walloon: Djerbussêye) is a sub-municipality of the city of Namur located in the province of Namur, Wallonia, Belgium. It was a separate municipality until 1977. On 1 January 1977, it was merged into Namur.

Namur Province
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a province of Wallonia, one of the three regions of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the West) on the Walloon provinces of Hainaut, Walloon Brabant, Liège and Luxembourg in Belgium, and the French department of Ardennes. Its capital and largest city is the city of Namur. As of January 2024, the province of Namur has a population of about 0.5 million.
Subglottic stenosis
Subglottic stenosis is a congenital or acquired narrowing of the subglottic airway. It can be congenital, acquired, iatrogenic, or very rarely, idiopathic. It is defined as the narrowing of the portion of the airway that lies between the vocal cords and the lower part of the cricoid cartilage. In a normal infant, the subglottic airway is 4.5-5.5 millimeters wide, while in a premature infant, the normal width is 3.5 millimeters. Subglottic stenosis is defined as a diameter of under 4 millimeters in an infant. Acquired cases are more common than congenital cases due to prolonged intubation being introduced in the 1960s. It is most frequently caused by certain medical procedures or external trauma, although infections and systemic or autoimmune diseases can also cause it.

Cricoid cartilage
The cricoid cartilage /ˌkraɪkɔɪd ˈkɑːrtɪlɪdʒ/, or simply cricoid (from the Greek krikoeides meaning "ring-shaped") or cricoid ring, is the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. It forms the back part of the voice box and functions as an attachment site for muscles, cartilages, and ligaments involved in opening and closing the airway and in producing speech.
Dudipatsar Trail
35°03′08″N 73°56′10″E﻿ / ﻿35.052203°N 73.936100°E﻿ / 35.052203; 73.936100

The Dudipatsar Trail is an approximately 18 km (11 mi) hiking trail in the Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, in northern Pakistan. The trail goes along a tributary of the Kunhar River called Poorbi Narr in the northern Kaghan Valley.  The headwater for the particular tributary is the Dudipat Lake and the trail has a cumulative elevation gain of 640 metres (2,100 ft). It takes between 5 and 8 hours on average to complete the trail.

Kaghan Valley
The Kaghan Valley (Hindko, Urdu: وادی کاغان) is an alpine valley in Mansehra District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The valley stretches 154 kilometres (96 mi) across the mountaineous northern Pakistan, rising from its lowest elevation of 650 m (2,134 ft) to its highest point at the Babusar Pass around 4,170 m (13,690 ft). Landslides triggered by the devastating 2005 Kashmir earthquake destroyed many passes leading into the valley, though roads have since been rebuilt. Kaghan is a popular tourist attraction in Pakistan.