hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sharon Ann Hunt
Sharon Ann Hunt is a cardiology professor and Director of the Post Heart Transplant Programme in Palo Alto, California and is affiliated with Stanford University Medical Center, professionally known for her work in the care of patients after heart transplantation.

With a career at Stanford spanning over fifty years, Hunt has witnessed the history of heart transplant surgery from the very first one in the US by Norman Shumway in 1968, through the international moratorium on heart transplants and the recent decades of combined heart-lung transplants and mechanical assist devices.

She is a past president of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation and received their lifetime achievement award in 2012.

As one of the 130 cardiology specialists at Stanford, her other activities include contributions to Uptodate and Hurst's Cardiology and more than 200 publications.

Heart–lung transplant
A heart–lung transplant is a procedure carried out to replace both failing heart and lungs in a single operation. Due to a shortage of suitable donors and because both heart and lung have to be transplanted together, it is a rare procedure; only about a hundred such transplants are performed each year in the United States.
Benvenuto Campesani
Benvenuto Campesani (c. 1250 – 1323) was a Vicentine poet and notary.

He composed in particular a short poem in elegiac couplets "on the resurrection of Catullus, Veronese poet"; that is, on some event related to a manuscript of Catullus. The poem is apparently written as a sort of a riddle, and its precise meaning is unclear. It tells of some compatriot of Catullus, probably named Franciscus (Francesco), who presumably either found the manuscript, or brought it to Verona from some other place, or made a new copy of it.

Campesani was a supporter of Cangrande della Scala, whose Christian name also happens to be Francesco.

Catullus
Gaius Valerius Catullus (Classical Latin: [ˈɡaːius waˈlɛrius kaˈtullus]; c. 84 – c. 54 BC), known as Catullus (kə-TUL-əs), was a Latin neoteric poet of the late Roman Republic. His surviving works remain widely read due to their popularity as teaching tools and because of their personal or sexual themes.
Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy
Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is a type of X-ray microscopy in which a zone plate focuses an X-ray beam onto a small spot, a sample is scanned in the focal plane of the zone plate and the transmitted X-ray intensity is recorded as a function of the sample position. A stroboscopic scheme is used where the excitation is the pump and the synchrotron X-ray flashes are the probe.  X-ray microscopes work by exposing a film or charged coupled device detector to detect X-rays that pass through the specimen. The image formed is of a thin section of specimen. Newer X-ray microscopes use X-ray absorption spectroscopy to heterogeneous materials at high spatial resolution. The essence of the technique is a combination of spectromicroscopy, imaging with spectral sensitivity, and microspectroscopy, recording spectra from very small spots.

Zone plate
A zone plate is a device used to focus light or other things exhibiting wave character.  Unlike lenses or curved mirrors, zone plates use diffraction instead of refraction or reflection.  Based on analysis by French physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel, they are sometimes called Fresnel zone plates in his honor. The zone plate's focusing ability is an extension of the Arago spot phenomenon caused by diffraction from an opaque disc.

A zone plate consists of a set of concentric rings, known as Fresnel zones, which alternate between being opaque and transparent. Light hitting the zone plate will diffract around the opaque zones. The zones can be spaced so that the diffracted light constructively interferes at the desired focus, creating an image there.
Sitgreaves House
Sitgreaves House, also known as the Crowe House, is a historic home located at Laurens, Laurens County, South Carolina. It was built about 1907, and is a 1+1⁄2-story, story, frame residence sheathed in weatherboarding with elements of the Queen Anne and Colonial Revival styles. It features a tent-roof tower, hipped roof, and porch with Doric order columns.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Laurens County, South Carolina
Laurens County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 67,539. Its county seat is Laurens. Laurens County is included in the Greenville-Anderson-Greer, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Alignment (role-playing games)
In some role-playing games (RPGs), alignment is a categorization of the moral and ethical perspective of the player characters, non-player characters, monsters, and societies in the game. Not all role-playing games have such a system, and some narrativist role-players consider such a restriction on their characters' outlook on life to be overly constraining.  However, some regard a concept of alignment to be essential to role-playing, since they regard role-playing as an exploration of the themes of good and evil. A basic distinction can be made between alignment typologies, based on one or more sets of systematic moral categories, and mechanics that either assign characters a degree of adherence to a single set of ethical characteristics or allow players to incorporate a wide range of motivations and personality characteristics into gameplay.

DC Heroes
DC Heroes is an out-of-print superhero role-playing game set in the DC Universe and published by Mayfair Games. Other than sharing the same licensed setting, DC Heroes is unrelated to the West End Games DC Universe or the more recent Green Ronin Publishing DC Adventures game.

DC Heroes was well received critically.
Mithukaram
Mithukaram  is a village development committee in Nawalparasi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 2240 people living in 392 individual households.

Lumbini Zone
Lumbini (Nepali: लुम्बिनी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. Within the zone is the city of Lumbini, widely believed to be the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism and renowned as a major Buddhist pilgrimage site. The zone's headquarters was Butwal.
Pioche Shale
The Pioche Shale is an Early to Middle Cambrian Burgess shale-type Lagerstätte in Nevada.
It spans the Early–Middle Cambrian boundary; fossils from the Early Cambrian are preserved in botryoidal hematite, whereas those from the Middle Cambrian are preserved in the more familiar carbon films, and very reminiscent of the Chengjiang County preservation.

It preserves arthropods and worms familiar from the Burgess Shale and the kerygmachelid Mobulavermis was described from fossils found in the Pioche Shale in December 2023.

It spans the early Cambrian Olenellus and basal Middle Cambrian Eokochaspis nodosa trilobite zones.

The eastern version of this shale can be found eastwards in Grand Canyon, as the Bright Angel Shale.

Botryoidal
A botryoidal (/ˌbɒtriˈɔɪdəl/ BOT-ree-OY-dəl) texture or mineral habit, is one in which the mineral has an external form composed of many rounded segments, named for the Ancient Greek βότρυς (bótrus), meaning "a bunch of grapes".  This is a common form for many minerals, particularly hematite and malachite, which are known for frequently forming botryoidal masses. It is also a common form of goethite, smithsonite, fluorite, and chrysocolla.

Similar habits are reniform (kidney-shaped) and mammillary (breast-shaped or partial spheres).
Nongoma
Nongoma is a town in Zululand, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It is the seat of the Nongoma Local Municipality.  It is situated 300 km north of Durban and 56 km from Ulundi; it is surrounded by the Ngome Forest. It is a busy market town that serves a large surrounding area. It is assigned registration plate NND (Natal NDwandwe).

This small town is also the home of King Bhekuzulu College, one of the popular boarding schools in the province. There are also TVET College, Mthashana TVET College Nongoma and KwaGqikazi Campuses.

Zululand District Municipality
The Zululand District Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala wesiFunda seZululand) is one of the 11 districts of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Its seat is Ulundi. As of 2011, a majority of its 803,575 inhabitants spoke isiZulu. The district code is DC26.
Cambiemos Movimiento Ciudadano
Cambiemos Movimiento Ciudadano (English: Let's Change - Citizen's Movement) is a Venezuelan political party with a pluralist and progressive tendency founded on 11 May 2018. This movement belongs to the opposition coalition Agreement for Change.

Barinas (state)
Barinas State (Spanish: Estado Barinas, IPA: [esˈtaðo βaˈɾinas]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Barinas.

Barinas State covers a total surface area of 35,200 km2 (13,600 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 970,689 in 2015.
Hell Hath No Fury (film)
Hell Hath No Fury is a 1991 American made-for-television thriller-drama film starring Barbara Eden and Loretta Swit about a housewife who is simultaneously framed for her husband's murder and terrorized by the deranged woman who killed him. The film was directed by Thomas J. Wright and written by Beau Bensink based on the novel Smithereens by B.W. Battin. It originally premiered on NBC Monday Night at the Movies on March 4, 1991.

Amanda Peterson
Phyllis Amanda Peterson (July 8, 1971 – July 3, 2015) was an American actress best known for her roles as Cindy Mancini in the 1987 film Can't Buy Me Love and Sunny Sisk on the NBC drama series A Year in the Life (1987–1988).

Peterson died at age 43 from an accidental drug overdose when she mixed a prescription drug with illegally obtained morphine following surgery.
Vadym Dovhanyuk
Vadym Dovhanyuk (Ukrainian: Вадим Довганюк. Also known as Vadym Dovganyuk; born January 15, 1987)  is an 11 times world champion  powerlifter and  World Games 2013 champion. He holds 36 unbeaten records in powerlifting and bench press. His personal records are squat – 410 kg, bench press – 335.5 kg, deadlift – 325 kg and total 1050.5 kg.

Deadlift
The deadlift is a strength training exercise in which a weight is lifted off the ground to hip level and then returned to the floor. While traditionally done with a barbell, deadlifts can also be done with dumbbells, kettlebells, trap bars, or resistance bands. It is one of the three powerlifting movements along with the squat and bench press, as well as a quintessential lift in strongman. The all-time deadlift world record stands at 510 kg (1,124.36 lb), achieved by Iceland's Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson.

Two styles of deadlift are commonly used in competition settings: the conventional deadlift and the sumo deadlift. While both of these styles are permitted under the rules of powerlifting, only the conventional stance is permitted in strongman.
Faʻaasu Loia
Faʻaasu Loia (born ca. 1997) is a Samoan-New Zealand boxer who has represented Samoa at the Pacific Games.

Loia is from Siumu and Lalomanu but moved to New Zealand at the age of six with her family. She was educated at Otahuhu College and the Manukau Institute of Technology, graduating with a  Bachelor of Applied Sport and Exercise Science. She took up boxing in 2012, and won the Waikato championships. She then won the Elite Women Under 64 kg title at the New Zealand Boxing Nationals. In 2016 she was selected for the New Zealand women's development squad.

At the 2019 Pacific Games in Apia she won gold in the women's middleweight class. In the leadup to the games she was coached by David Tua.

Lalomanu
Lalomanu is a village on the east coast of Upolu island in Samoa.The village is part of the electoral constituency (Faipule District) Aleipata Itupa i Luga which is within the larger political district of Atua. It has a population of 712.

Lalomanu is approximately 1 hour and 15 minutes drive from the Apia, the country's capital.
Xələc, Nakhchivan
Xələc (also, Khaladzh, Khaladj and Khalaj) is a village and municipality in the Sharur District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It is located near the Khalaj Mount, eight kilometres (5.0 mi) north-west of the district center, on the bank of the Aras River. Its population is mainly busy with farming. There are secondary school, kindergarten, library, club and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 1,268.

Seljuk dynasty
The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids (/ˈsɛldʒʊk/ SEL-juuk; Turkish: Selçuklular, Persian: سلجوقیان Saljuqian,) alternatively spelled as Saljuqids or Seljuk Turks, was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that culturally became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture.

The founder of the Seljuk dynasty, Seljuk Beg, was a descendant of a royal Khazar chief Tuqaq who served as advisor to the King of the Khazars, in West Asia and Central Asia. The Seljuks established the Seljuk Empire (1037–1194), the Sultanate of Kermân (1041–1186) and the Sultanate of Rum (1074–1308), which stretched from Iran to Anatolia and were the prime targets of the First Crusade.
Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University
Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University (ABVMU) is a state university run by the state government. It is an affiliating university in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (India). It is situated at Chak Ganjaria City, Lucknow and gave affiliation to all government and private medical, dental, paramedical and nursing colleges in the state of Uttar Pradesh. It was established by Uttar Pradesh act no. 42 of 2018, although 2020 is considered as its establishment year, in which appointment of first vice-chancellor happened.

Government of Uttar Pradesh
The Government of Uttar Pradesh (ISO: Uttara Pradēśa Sarakāra; often abbreviated as GoUP) is the subnational government of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh with the governor as its appointed constitutional head of the state by the President of India. The Governor of Uttar Pradesh is appointed for a period of five years and appoints the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and their council of ministers, who are vested with the executive powers of the state. The governor remains a ceremonial head of the state, while the chief minister and their council are responsible for day-to-day government functions.

The state of Uttar Pradesh's influence on Indian politics is important, and often paramount and/or a bellwether, as it sends the most members of parliament to both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, the state's population being more than 200 million; approximately double that of the next-most populous state.
Maurizio Mian
Maurizio Mian (born 25 March 1956) is an Italian entrepreneur and pharmaceutical heir who is the CEO of The Gunther Corporation. A noted eccentric, Mian has often used his dog Gunther as a figurehead for his investments in sports clubs, property and media. For publicity purposes Mian promulgated a long-running urban legend of his fabulously wealthy dynasty of German shepherd dogs, all called Gunther. The Gunther dogs frequently appear on published lists of the world's wealthiest animals.

Figurehead
In politics, a figurehead is a practice of who de jure (in name or by law) appears to hold an important and often supremely powerful title or office, yet de facto (in reality) exercises little to no actual power. The metaphor derives from the carved figurehead at the prow of a sailing ship.
Henry Sharpe (priest)
Henry Sharpe was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the first third of the 17th-century.

Sharpe was ordained in 1623; appointed Archdeacon of Dromore on 21 June 1625; Archdeacon of Achonry on 28 September 1625; and prebendary of Ballintubber in Elphin Cathedral in 1628.

Prebendary
A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church.  When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir stalls, known as prebendal stalls.
Lepidochrysops praeterita
Lepidochrysops praeterita, the Highveld blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in South Africa, from Potchefstroom in North West to Walkerville in Gauteng and Sasolburg in the Free State province.

The wingspan is 36–42 mm for males and 38–44 mm for females. Adults are on wing from early September to November. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Becium grandiflorum.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.
Rossia moelleri
Rossia moelleri is a species of bobtail squid native to the northern Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean, eastward to the Laptev Sea and westward to Amundsen Bay. It occurs off western and north-eastern Greenland, north-eastern Canada, Labrador, Spitsbergen, Jan Mayen, and in the Kara Sea. R. moelleri lives at depths from 17 to 250 m.

R. moelleri grows to 50 mm in mantle length.

In Norwegian waters, R. moelleri is preyed upon by haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) and Atlantic cod (Gadus  morhua).

The type specimen was collected off Greenland. It was originally deposited at the Zoologisk Museum of Kobenhavns Universitet in Copenhagen, but is no longer extant.

Amundsen Bay
Amundsen Bay, also known as Ice Bay, is a long embayment 39 kilometres (24 mi) wide, close west of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. The bay was seen as a large pack-filled recession in the coastline by Sir Douglas Mawson on 14 January 1930. Seen by Captain Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen in charge of a Norwegian expedition during an airplane flight on 15 January and subsequently mapped nearer its true position by the Norwegians. The bay was mapped in detail by an Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions party landed by aircraft in 1956 and another landed by launch from Thala Dan in February 1958. It was named by Mawson after Roald Amundsen, the Norwegian explorer who was first to reach the South Pole.
Aladdin's Eatery
Aladdin's Eatery is a chain of franchised restaurants in the Midwestern United States and the Southeastern United States, specializing in Lebanese cuisine. Adapted to American tastes, the sites are fast casual restaurants that also offer take out.

The firm, Aladdin's Eatery Systems, Inc, is headquartered in Lakewood, a suburb of Cleveland, Ohio. Besides Ohio, the company also has locations in Indiana, Virginia, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania.

Take-out
A take-out (US, Canada, Philippines) or takeaway (UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) is a prepared meal or other food items purchased at a restaurant or fast food outlet with the intent to eat elsewhere. A concept found in many ancient cultures, take-out food is common worldwide, with a number of different cuisines and dishes on offer.
A House Is Not a Home (film)
A House Is Not a Home is a 1964 American drama film directed by Russell Rouse and written by Steve Jankowski, loosely based on the 1953 autobiography by madam Polly Adler. The film stars Shelley Winters, Robert Taylor, Cesar Romero, and Kaye Ballard, with Raquel Welch in her film debut as a call girl. The song of the same name, written for the film by Burt Bacharach and Hal David, has become a standard.

Russell Rouse
Russell Rouse (November 20, 1913 – October 2, 1987) was an American screenwriter, director, and producer who is noted for the "offbeat creativity and originality" of his screenplays and for film noir movies and television episodes produced in the 1950s.
Korean International School in Shenzhen
The Korea International School of Shenzhen (KIS; Korean: 심천한국국제학교, Chinese: 深圳韩国国际学校) is an international school that opened in 2005. KIS is located near the Nanshan Mountain, within the Shekou Industrial Zone, Nanshan District. KIS is a private international school with 300 students ranging from kindergarten to high school. However, KIS has only one campus, despite the large number of students. This figure has risen over time and continues to rise.

It is one of eight schools in Shenzhen designated for the children of foreign workers as of 2018. The school has an English-language elementary school section, KIS Elementary School in Shenzhen or KISe International Elementary School (KISe).

This school is served by Shenzhen Metro's Huaguoshan station.

Shenzhen Metro
The Shenzhen Metro (深圳地铁) is the rapid transit system of the city of Shenzhen in Guangdong Province, China. The newest lines and extensions which opened on December 27, 2024 put the network at 609.5 kilometres (378.7 miles) of trackage. It currently operates on 17 lines with 421 stations. Despite having only opened on December 28, 2004, the Shenzhen Metro is the 5th longest metro system in the world. By 2035, the network is planned to comprise 8 express and 24 non-express lines totaling 1,142 kilometres (710 miles) of trackage.
Zsigmondy's theorem
In number theory, Zsigmondy's theorem, named after Karl Zsigmondy, states that if  are coprime integers, then for any integer , there is a prime number p (called a primitive prime divisor) that divides  and does not divide  for any positive integer , with the following exceptions:

, ; then  which has no prime divisors

,  a power of two; then any odd prime factors of   must be contained in , which is also even

, , ; then

This generalizes Bang's theorem, which states that if  and  is not equal to 6, then  has a prime divisor not dividing any  with .

Similarly,  has at least one primitive prime divisor with the exception .

Zsigmondy's theorem is often useful, especially in group theory, where it is used to prove that various groups have distinct orders except when they are known to be the same.  It is also used in Mathematical olympiads.

Power of two
A power of two is a number of the form 2n where n is an integer, that is, the result of exponentiation with number two as the base and integer n as the exponent. In the fast-growing hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to . In the Hardy hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to .

Powers of two with non-negative exponents are integers: 20 = 1, 21 = 2, and 2n is two multiplied by itself n times. The first ten powers of 2 for non-negative values of n are:

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, ... (sequence A000079 in the OEIS)

By comparison, powers of two with negative exponents are fractions: for positive integer n, 2−n is one half multiplied by itself n times. Thus the first few negative powers of 2 are ⁠1/2⁠, ⁠1/4⁠, ⁠1/8⁠, ⁠1/16⁠, etc. Sometimes these are called inverse powers of two because each is the multiplicative inverse of a positive power of two.
Moga Massacre (1989)
The 1989 Moga Massare was a massacre targeting Hindus where 21 Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) members and 5 others, including a police officer and home guard, were killed at Nehru Park in Moga during an RSS meeting. The massacre was organised and executed by Sikh militants.

Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan
The Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan (BTFK) is a pro-Khalistan militant organization and was one of several major separatist organizations in the Khalistan movement during the insurgency in Punjab, India. The BTFK's main aim was to establish a Sikh homeland called Khalistan. At its peak, the BTFK's membership totaled 500 members and remained the strongest pro-Khalistan group in Tarn Taran Sahib, which was the epicenter of violence during the Punjab insurgency.

It was formed in 1987 by Gurbachan Singh Manochahal. In 1990, it split into two factions under the leadership of Sukhwinder Singh Sangha and Manochahal. After Manochahal's death, the BTFK seem to have disbanded or splintered into factions.
It was listed in 1995 as one of the 4 "major militant groups " in the Khalistan movement.