hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ex qua die arcano
Ex qua die arcano is the incipit of the 4 March 1853 apostolic letter by which Pope Pius IX decreed the reestablishment of the episcopal hierarchy in the Netherlands. Through it, the administrative area formerly known as the Dutch Mission was divided into dioceses. Utrecht was raised, once more, to a Roman Catholic archdiocese, and received the four suffragan dioceses of Haarlem, 's-Hertogenbosch, Breda, and Roermond.

Diocese of 's-Hertogenbosch
The Diocese of 's-Hertogenbosch (Latin: Dioecesis Buscoducensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in the Netherlands. The modern diocese was created in 1853. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Utrecht. It is currently led by bishop Gerard de Korte. Its see is St John's Cathedral, 's-Hertogenbosch.
Bishnugarh (community development block)
Bishnugarh, also known as Bishungarh, is a community development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in the Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision of the Hazaribagh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Konar Dam
Konar Dam is the second of the four multi-purpose dams included in the first phase of the Damodar Valley Corporation. It was constructed across the Konar River, a tributary of the Damodar River in Hazaribagh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand and opened in 1955. The place has been developed as a recreational spot.
Pedersen current
A Pedersen current is an electric current formed in the direction of the applied electric field when a conductive material with charge carriers is acted upon by an external electric field and an external magnetic field. Pedersen currents emerge in a material where the charge carriers collide with particles in the conductive material at approximately the same frequency as the gyratory frequency induced by the magnetic field. Pedersen currents are associated with a Pedersen conductivity related to the applied magnetic field and the properties of the material.

Charge carrier
In solid state physics, a charge carrier is a particle or quasiparticle that is free to move, carrying an electric charge, especially the particles that carry electric charges in electrical conductors. Examples are electrons, ions and holes. In a conducting medium, an electric field can exert force on these free particles, causing a net motion of the particles through the medium; this is what constitutes an electric current. 
The electron and the proton are the elementary charge carriers, each carrying one elementary charge (e), of the same magnitude and opposite sign.
Argentina–France relations
Foreign relations between Argentina and France, have existed nearly a century. Both states are members of the G-20.

Argentina became an independent nation during the Peninsular War, a conflict between the First French Empire and the Spanish Empire. Argentina was a Spanish territory by that time, as the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, and thus at war with France, but the war never left Europe. The Viceroyalty was never attacked directly by French armies. The French attack to Spain indirectly started the Argentine War of Independence. France recognized Argentina as an independent nation by the end of 1830.

France attempted the French blockade of the Río de la Plata during the War of the Confederation, attempting to remove Juan Manuel de Rosas from power. The blockade lasted for some more years after the defeat of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation by Argentina and Chile. France would attempt another blockade, this time allied with Britain, but Rosas defeated it as well.

Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata
The Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata, also known as Paraná War, was a five-year naval blockade imposed by France and the United Kingdom on the Argentine Confederation during the Uruguayan Civil War. It was imposed by the Royal Navy and French Navy in 1845 against the Río de la Plata Basin to support the Colorado Party in Uruguay's civil war, resulting in the closure of Buenos Aires to maritime commerce. The Argentine government, led by Juan Manuel de Rosas, refused to drop their support for the Uruguyan White Party, which supported Argentina's resistance to the blockade. Eventually, both Britain and France ended the blockade, signing the Arana–Southern Treaty in 1849 and 1850 respectively, which acknowledged Argentine sovereignty over its rivers.
Burbank School District 111
Burbank School District 111 is an elementary school district located in Burbank, Illinois, a southwest Chicago suburb just south of Chicago Midway International Airport in Stickney Township, Cook County. The district, which was established in 1923 though its official logo claims that it was established in 1875, – nearly a half century before the city incorporated in 1970 – includes six elementary schools, one Early Learning Centre, and one junior high school, all of which are located within the city of Burbank; all of the elementary schools enroll students from Pre-K through Eighth Grade. The district superintendent is Dr. Franzy Fleck as of 2025.

Elementary schools in the United States
In the United States, elementary schools are the main point of delivery for primary education, teaching children between the ages of 5–10 (sometimes 4-10 or 4-12) and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.

In 2017, there were 106,147 elementary schools (73,686 public, 32,461 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from first grade through eighth grade.  According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2020 almost 32.8 million students attended public primary schools. It is usually from pre-kindergarten through fifth grade, although the NCES displays this data as pre-kindergarten through eighth grade.
Henrik Stephansen
Henrik Victor Stephansen (born 6 August 1988) is a Danish rower who competes in single sculls. He won the world title in lightweight category in 2011, 2012 and 2013 and placed 13th at the 2012 Olympics. He also won the European title in the men's lightweight single scull in 2013. He holds the world lightweight 2000 m record in indoor rowing and was also the first man in the lightweight category to go under 6 minutes for 2000 m.

2012 World Rowing Championships
The 2012 World Rowing Championships were World Rowing Championships that were held from 15 to 19 August 2012 at Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The annual week-long rowing regatta is organized by FISA (the International Rowing Federation), and held at the end of the northern hemisphere summer. Because the 2012 Summer Olympics was the major rowing event in 2012, the programme was limited to non-Olympic events, and the World Rowing Junior Championships were held at the same time.
103rd Street–Corona Plaza station
The 103rd Street–Corona Plaza station is a local station on the IRT Flushing Line of the New York City Subway, located at the intersection of 103rd Street and Roosevelt Avenue. It is served by the 7 train at all times. The <7> train skips this station when it operates.

Greenpoint and Roosevelt Avenues
Roosevelt Avenue and Greenpoint Avenue are main thoroughfares in the New York City boroughs of Queens and Brooklyn. Roosevelt Avenue begins at 48th Street and Queens Boulevard in the neighborhood of Sunnyside. West of Queens Boulevard, the road is named Greenpoint Avenue and continues through Sunnyside and Long Island City across the Greenpoint Avenue Bridge into the borough of Brooklyn, terminating at WNYC Transmitter Park on the East River in the neighborhood of Greenpoint. Roosevelt Avenue goes through Woodside, Jackson Heights, Elmhurst, Corona, Flushing Meadows–Corona Park (adjacent to Citi Field) and Flushing. In Flushing, Roosevelt Avenue ends at 156th Street and Northern Boulevard.
Manipuri Pony (film)
Manipuri Pony is a 2013 non-feature Manipuri film scripted by Aribam Gautam and directed by Aribam Syam Sharma. It is produced by Films Division of India. The film won the National Film Award for Best Exploration / Adventure Film (Including sports) at the 60th National Film Awards. The movie was also selected in the Indian Panorama of the 44th International Film Festival of India 2013 and the Mumbai International Film Festival in 2014.

Manipuri Pony was screened at the 8th Manipur State Film Festival 2013. The movie was certified by Central Board of Film Certification in 2012.

Central Board of Film Certification
The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) is a statutory film-certification body in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the Government of India. It is tasked with "regulating the public exhibition of films under the provisions of the Cinematograph Act 1952." The Cinematograph Act 1952 outlines a strict certification process for commercial films shown in public venues. Films screened in cinemas and on television may only be publicly exhibited in India after certification by the board and edited.
The Genius of Art Tatum
The Genius of Art Tatum is a 1953–54 series of solo albums by jazz pianist Art Tatum originally issued on LP over 11 volumes. First released on the Clef Records label, they were added to the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1978. A 7-CD box-set  of these recordings, now under the title of The Complete Pablo Solo Masterpieces, was issued on the Pablo label in July 1991.

Pablo Records
Pablo Records was a jazz record company and label founded by Norman Granz in 1973, more than a decade after he had sold his earlier catalog (including Verve Records) to MGM Records.

Pablo initially featured recordings by acts that Granz managed: Ella Fitzgerald, Oscar Peterson, and Joe Pass. Later, the label issued recordings by Count Basie, Dizzy Gillespie, Sarah Vaughan, Milt Jackson, and Paulinho da Costa. The label also re-released 1950s recordings by Art Tatum, which Granz reacquired, and released unissued European live recordings of John Coltrane and his groups.

In January 1987, it was announced that the label had been acquired by Fantasy Records for an undisclosed amount. Eric Miller, who had worked with Norman Granz since the early 1970s, continued with Pablo as head of A&R, until the early-2000s. Fantasy continued to release previously unissued recordings using the Pablo name.
Denford Park
Denford Park is a country house and surrounding estate in the English county of Berkshire, within the civil parish of Kintbury.

The estate lies near to the A4 road, and is located approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north-east of Hungerford. Denford  House was extended in 1832 for George Henry Cherry who bought it from William Hallett Esq the original owner, being designed by the architect, Jeffery Wyattville. It was the home of Apsley Cherry-Garrard, the Antarctic explorer. Between 1967 and 2002, the building housed Norland College.

In 2002, Denford Park was purchased by Faisal bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and is the location of his Denford Stud.

A4 road (England)
The A4 is a major road in England from Central London to Avonmouth via Heathrow Airport, Reading, Bath and Bristol. It is historically known as the Bath Road with newer sections including the Great West Road and Portway. The road was once the main route from London to Bath, Bristol and the west of England and formed, after the A40, the second main western artery from London.

Although most traffic is carried by the M4 motorway today, the A4 still acts as the main route from Bristol to London for non-motorway traffic.
Ainley
Ainley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Ainley (born 1981), New Zealand rugby union player

Anthony Ainley (1932–2004), English actor

Callum Ainley (born 1997), English footballer

Henry Ainley (1879–1945), English Shakespearean stage and screen actor

Joe Ainley (1878–1907), English cricketer

John Ainley (1906–1992), British colonial judge

John A. Ainley Jr. (1938–2001), American politician

Richard Ainley (1910–1967), stage and film actor

Ted Ainley (1903–1968), British trade union leader and communist activist

Joe Ainley
Joe Ainley (28 October 1878 – 18 November 1907) was an English first-class cricketer: a wicket-keeper and right-handed batsman.

Born in Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Ainley played 19 games for Worcestershire County Cricket Club in 1905 and 1906, and in all claimed 26 catches and four stumpings; his highest first-class score was 13.

Ainley died at the age of barely 29 in Sparkbrook, Birmingham.
KDLH
KDLH (channel 3) is a television station in Duluth, Minnesota, United States, affiliated with The CW Plus. It is owned by Gray Media alongside Superior, Wisconsin–licensed dual NBC/CBS affiliate KBJR-TV, channel 6 (and its Chisholm, Minnesota–licensed semi-satellite KRII, channel 11). The two stations share studios on South Lake Avenue in Canal Park, downtown Duluth; KDLH's transmitter is located west of downtown in Hilltop Park.

Throughout most of the station's history, KDLH had long been the Twin Ports' CBS affiliate. In its latter years, it was operated by Quincy Media through a shared services agreement (SSA) with then-owner SagamoreHill Broadcasting, making it sister to KBJR and KRII. Following the end of KDLH's SSA on August 1, 2016 (resulting from the station's sale from Malara Broadcast Group, concurrent with the sale of KBJR by Granite Broadcasting), CBS programming was moved to KBJR-DT2 and KDLH switched exclusively to The CW.

Canal Park, Duluth, Minnesota
Canal Park is a tourist and recreation-oriented district of Duluth, Minnesota, United States. Situated across the Interstate 35 freeway from Downtown Duluth, it is connected by the Aerial Lift Bridge across the Duluth Ship Canal to the Park Point sandbar and neighborhood. Canal Park Drive and Lake Avenue South serve as the main routes in Canal Park.
Altnadarragh
Altnadarragh (from Irish Alt na Darach, meaning 'The Height of the Oaktree') is a townland in the civil parish of Templeport, County Cavan, Ireland. It lies in the Roman Catholic parish of Corlough and barony of Tullyhaw.

County Cavan
County Cavan (/ˈkævən/ KAV-ən; Irish: Contae an Chabháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Cavan and is based on the historic Gaelic territory of East Breffny (Bréifne). Cavan County Council is the local authority for the county, which had a population of 81,704 at the 2022 census.
Joanne Meyerowitz
Joanne Meyerowitz is an American historian and author. She was a professor at Indiana University and the University of Cincinnati before becoming editor of the Journal of American History from 1999 to 2004. Following her tenure there, she accepted a position at Yale University, where she was subsequently appointed the Arthur Unobskey Professor of History. Her work has appeared in the American Historical Review, Gender & History, the Journal of Women's History, and the Bulletin of the History of Medicine.

Meyerowitz is a graduate of the University of Chicago and Stanford University. Her book How Sex Changed: A History of Transsexuality in the United States received the Israel Fishman Non-Fiction Award as part of the 2003 Stonewall Book Awards. She has also been awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship, a National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship, and a Social Science Research Council fellowship. She is a former trustee of the Kinsey Institute.

Social Science Research Council
The Social Science Research Council (SSRC) is a US-based, independent, international nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing research in the social sciences and related disciplines. Established in Manhattan in 1923, it maintains a headquarters in Brooklyn Heights with a staff of approximately 70.

The SSRC offers several fellowships to researchers in the social sciences and related disciplines, including for international fieldwork.
Union Stock Yards Company of Omaha
The Union Stock Yards Company of Omaha was a 90-year-old company first founded in South Omaha, Nebraska, in 1878 by John A. Smiley. After being moved to Council Bluffs, Iowa, and dissolved within a year, the company was reorganized and moved to South Omaha in 1883. Six local businessmen responded to a request by Wyoming cattle baron Alexander Swan showing interest in a livestock market closer than the Union Stock Yards in Chicago, Illinois. The Company's Union Stockyards in South Omaha were once a fierce rival of Chicago's Union Stock Yards. The Union Stock Yards Company of Omaha was bought out in 1973.

Cattle baron
Cattle baron is a historic term for a local businessman and landowner who possessed great power or influence through the operation of a large ranch with many beef cattle.  Cattle barons in the late 19th century United States were also sometimes referred to as cowmen, stockmen, or just ranchers. In Australia, similar individuals owned large cattle stations.  A similar phenomenon occurred in part of Canada in the early twentieth century.
Bright-rumped yellow finch
The bright-rumped yellow finch (Sicalis uropigyalis) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is found in the Puna grassland: Peru, Bolivia and northern Chile and Argentina. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland and heavily degraded former forest.

The bright-rumped yellow finch was formally described in 1837 by the French naturalists Alcide d'Orbigny and Frédéric de Lafresnaye from a specimen collected in the Bolivian Andes. They coined the binomial name Emberiza uropigyalis.

Puna grassland
The puna grassland ecoregion, part of the Andean montane grasslands and shrublands biome, is found in the central Andes Mountains of South America. It is considered one of the eight Natural Regions in Peru, but extends south, across  Chile, Bolivia, and western northwest Argentina. The term puna encompasses diverse ecosystems of the high Central Andes above 3200–3400 m.
Randy Edmunds (politician)
Randy Edmunds is a Canadian politician in Newfoundland and Labrador. He was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in the 2011 provincial election. A member of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador, he represented the electoral district of Torngat Mountains until 2019.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
Diana Bendz
Diana J. Knight Bendz is an American polymer scientist and environmental and industrial engineer who has promoted environmentally-conscious manufacturing processes in her work at IBM, and promoted the participation of women and girls in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

Polymer science
Polymer science or macromolecular science is a subfield of materials science concerned with polymers, primarily synthetic polymers such as plastics and elastomers.  The field of polymer science includes researchers in multiple disciplines including chemistry, physics, and engineering.
Aria (Crete)
Aria (Ancient Greek: Ἀρια), or Albe or Arbe, was a town and polis (city-state) of ancient Crete. The name is not attested but the demonyms (Ἀριαῖοι and Ἄρβιος) are. Aria minted coins in the 3rd century BCE.

The site of Aria is tentatively located near the modern Arvi.

History of Crete
The history of Crete goes back to the 7th millennium BC, preceding the ancient Minoan civilization by more than four millennia. The Minoan civilization was the first civilization in Europe.

During the Iron Age, Crete developed an Ancient Greece-influenced organization of city-states, then successively became part of the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, the Venetian Republic, the Ottoman Empire, an autonomous state, and the modern state of Greece.
2021 Tour of Romania
The 2021 Tour of Romania was a six-day cycling stage race that took place in Romania in August and September 2021. The race was the 54th edition of the Tour of Romania. The tour was rated as a 2.1 event, as part of the 2021 UCI Europe Tour.

Jakub Kaczmarek became the second Polish rider to win the Tour of Romania after Daniel Zigmund in 1935.

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
John Davies (Unitarian minister, born 1795)
John Davies (1795 – 19 April 1858) was a Welsh Unitarian minister, and schoolmaster. His father was David Davies, minister of Llanybri. John Davies received some early education at home, his father being a notable Classical and Hebrew scholar. He later attended a local grammar school, and Carmarthen Academy (1815–19), where his father had taught. Having become a member of the Unitarian Church whilst at college, he began preaching at the local chapel. Later, following the retirement of David Davis of Castell Hywel in 1820, he took charge of the churches of Alltyblaca, Bwlchyfadfa, Llwyn-rhyd-Owen, and Pen-rhiw. He also worked as an assistant at the grammar school run by Davis, before starting schools of his own at Gelli-gron, Blaenbydernyn (Pencarreg, Carmarthenshire), Tyssul Castle, and Tre-fach, and, in 1830, an academy at Adpar, Newcastle Emlyn. His pupils included the antiquary Thomas Stephens.

He died in 1858 and was buried in the graveyard of the old chapel at Llwyn-rhyd-Owen.

Adpar
Adpar (standardised as Atpar bilingually) is a village in Ceredigion, Wales, in the community of Llandyfriog, now considered as a part of Newcastle Emlyn, to which it is joined by a bridge across the River Teifi. The village was also known as Trefhedyn and was a borough in its own right.
Mvume Dandala
Mvumelwano Mvume Dandala (born 26 October 1951 as Mvumelwano Umdandalaza) is a former presiding bishop of the Methodist Church of Southern Africa and a former head of the All Africa Conference of Churches. He was the presidential candidate of the COPE in the 2009 South African general elections.

2009 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa on 22 April 2009 to elect members of the National Assembly and provincial legislatures. These were the fourth general elections held since the end of the apartheid era.

The North Gauteng High Court ruled on 9 February 2009 that South African citizens living abroad should be allowed to vote in elections. The judgment was confirmed by the Constitutional Court on 12 March 2009, when it decided that overseas voters who were already registered would be allowed to vote. Registered voters who found themselves outside their registered voting districts on election day were also permitted to vote for the national ballot at any voting station in South Africa.

The result was a victory for the ruling African National Congress (ANC), which won 264 of the 400 seats in the National Assembly, a fifteen seat reduction compared to the 2004 elections and losing its two-thirds supermajority. ANC leader Jacob Zuma became president.