hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kosmos 1974
Kosmos 1974 (Russian: Космос 1974 meaning Cosmos 1974) is a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1988 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1974 was launched from Site 41/1 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 22:23 UTC on 3 October 1988. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1988-092A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 19554.

Blok 2BL
The Blok 2BL was a rocket stage, a member of Blok L family, used as an upper stage on some versions of the Molniya-M carrier rocket. It was used as a fourth stage to launch the Oko missile early warning defence spacecraft.
Economy of Bokaro
Here is written about the Economy of Bokaro. Bokaro Steel City is one of the planned cities of India, a major industrial centre and the fourth largest city in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is the administrative headquarters of Bokaro district. The city stands at the elevation of 210 m (690 ft) above sea level and has an urban area of the city is 183 square kilometres (71 square miles). It is bounded on the east by Dhanbad and Purulia, on the west by Ramgarh and Hazaribagh, on the north by Giridih and on the south by Ranchi. It is accessible through National Highway NH 143 & NH-18 which came between it.

Square kilometre
The square kilometre (square kilometer in American spelling; symbol: km2) is a multiple of the square metre, the SI unit of area or surface area. In the SI unit of area (m2), 1 km2 is equal to 1M(m2).

1 km2 is equal to:

1,000,000 square metres (m2)

100 hectares (ha)

It is also approximately equal to:

0.3861 square miles

247.1 acres

Conversely:

1 m2 = 0.000001 (10−6) km2

1 hectare = 0.01 (10−2) km2

1 square mile = 2.5899 km2

1 acre = about 0.004047 km2

The symbol "km2" means (km)2, square kilometre and not k(m2), kilo–square metre. For example, 3 km2 is equal to 3×(1,000m)2 = 3,000,000 m2, not 3,000 m2.
Methitural
Methitural (INN; Neraval, Thiogenal), or methitural sodium, also known as methioturiate, is a barbiturate derivative which was marketed in the 1950s in Europe (in Germany and Italy) as an ultra-short-acting intravenous anesthetic.

Anesthetic
An anesthetic (American English) or anaesthetic (British English; see spelling differences) is a drug used to induce anesthesia ⁠— ⁠in other words, to result in a temporary loss of sensation or awareness. They may be divided into two broad classes: general anesthetics, which result in a reversible loss of consciousness, and local anesthetics, which cause a reversible loss of sensation for a limited region of the body without necessarily affecting consciousness.

A wide variety of drugs are used in modern anesthetic practice.  Many are rarely used outside anesthesiology, but others are used commonly in various fields of healthcare. Combinations of anesthetics are sometimes used for their synergistic and additive therapeutic effects. Adverse effects, however, may also be increased.  Anesthetics are distinct from analgesics, which block only sensation of painful stimuli. Analgesics are typically used in conjunction with anesthetics to control pre-, intra-, and postoperative pain.
Racquetball at the World Games
Racquetball was part of the first World Games in 1981 at Santa Clara. These competitions also count as the first Racquetball World Championships. Racquetball was not played at the World Games in 1989, 1997, 2001, and 2005 as no court was available.

Racquetball
Racquetball is a racquet sport and a team sport played with a hollow rubber ball on an indoor or outdoor court. Joseph Sobek invented the modern sport of racquetball in 1950, adding a stringed racquet to paddleball in order to increase velocity and control. Unlike most racquet sports, such as tennis and badminton, there is no net to hit the ball over, and, unlike squash, no tin (out of bounds area at the bottom of front wall) to hit the ball above. Also, the court's walls, floor, and ceiling are legal playing surfaces, with the exception of court-specific designated hinders being out-of-bounds. Racquetball is played between various players on a team who try to bounce the ball with the racquet onto the ground so it hits the wall, so that an opposing team's player cannot bounce it back to the wall.

The sport is similar to 40×20 American handball, which is played in many countries. It is also similar to the British sport Squash 57, which was called racketball before 2016.
Taizé, Saône-et-Loire
Taizé (French pronunciation: [tɛze] ⓘ) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. The commune lies 33 km (21 mi) northwest of Mâcon, the capital of Saône-et-Loire, and 9 km (5.6 mi) north of the town of Cluny.

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (French pronunciation: [buʁɡɔɲ fʁɑ̃ʃ kɔ̃te] ⓘ; lit. 'Burgundy-Free County', sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: Borgogne-Franche-Comtât) is a region in northeastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region came into existence on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections of December 2015, electing 100 members to the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region covers an area of 47,783 km2 (18,449 sq mi) and eight departments; it had a population of 2,811,423 in 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Dijon, although the regional council sits in Besançon, making Bourgogne-Franche-Comté one of two regions in France (along with Normandy) in which the prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council.
UGT1A3
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the UGT1A3 gene.

This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. Substrates of this enzyme include estrone, 2-hydroxyestrone, and metabolites of benzo(a)pyrene.

Bilirubin
Bilirubin (BR) (adopted from German, originally bili, for bile, plus ruber, Latin for red) is a red-orange compound that occurs  as the reduction product of biliverdin, a breakdown product of heme.

It is further broken down in the colon to urobilinogen, most of which becomes stercobilin, causing the brown color of feces. Some unconverted urobilinogen, metabolised to urobilin, provides the straw-yellow color in urine.

Although bilirubin is usually found in animals rather than plants, at least one plant species, Strelitzia nicolai, is known to contain the pigment.
Pamela Radcliff
Pamela Beth Radcliff (born 1956) is an American historian and professor at the University of California at San Diego and an authority on the history of modern Spain. Her research focuses on mass politics, gender issues, civil society and democratic transitions. She did a Teaching Company course entitled Interpreting the 20th century: the Struggle over Democracy. Her publications on modern Spanish history received numerous positive reviews. She has received numerous awards for her scholarship and teaching, such as the Keller-Sierra Prize for her monograph From Mobilization to Civil War: The politics of polarization in the Spanish city of Gijón, 1900-1937.

Mass politics
Mass politics is a political order resting on the emergence of mass political parties.

The emergence of mass politics generally associated with the rise of mass society coinciding with the Industrial Revolution in the West. However, because of the extent of popular participation in the Protestant Reformation, it has been called the first mass political movement, which "other ideologies, ultimately more secular in tone" superseded.

Mass politics was essentially the inclusion of the masses in the political process. The first of these mass movements was arguably that for Catholic Emancipation in Ireland, led by Daniel O'Connell. There was a major rise in this from 1880 to 1914, when the vote in Europe was expanded to all men and in some countries, even women were allowed to vote. Mass based political parties emerged as sophisticated vehicles for social, economic, and political reform.
St. John's Norway Cemetery
St. John's Norway Cemetery and Crematorium is a historic cemetery in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located at the intersection of Kingston Road and Woodbine Avenue in the east end of the city just northwest of The Beaches neighbourhood.

Kingston Road (Toronto)
Kingston Road is a major historic arterial road in Toronto and Durham Region, Ontario. It is the southernmost major (mainly) east-west road in the eastern portion of Toronto, specifically in the district of Scarborough, and runs east to Ajax in Durham. Due to its diagonal course near the shore of Lake Ontario, the street is the terminus of many arterial roads in eastern Toronto, both east–west and north-south, with a few continuing for a short distance after as minor residential streets. However Lawrence Avenue continues as a major arterial for a considerable distance beyond it.

Until 1998, it formed a portion of Highway 2. The name of the street is derived from Kingston, Ontario as the road was the primary route used to travel from Toronto to the settlements east of it situated along the shores of Lake Ontario; in the west end of Kingston, the road was referred to as the York Road (referring to Toronto) until at least 1908, and is today named Princess Street.
The Lover in Me (song)
"The Lover in Me" is a song by Scottish singer Sheena Easton for her ninth studio album of the same name (1988). Released as the album's lead single on 11 October 1988, the song became Easton's first top-20 hit in the United Kingdom after a seven-year hiatus. The song was also Easton's final top-10 single on the US Billboard Hot 100.

"The Lover in Me" was written by Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, Antonio "L.A." Reid and Daryl Simmons, and produced by Reid and Babyface, who were at the peak of their success at the time as a songwriting and production team.

Daryl Simmons
Daryl L. Simmons is an American R&B record producer and songwriter. Best known for his production work with L.A. Reid and Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, Simmons was credited on most albums by their label LaFace Records and several of Edmonds' solo albums. In 1977, he formed the R&B collective Manchild, which recorded two soul and funk albums and became known for their hit song, "Especially for You," released that same year by Chi Sound Records. Edmonds, Reggie Griffin, and Charles "Chuckie" Bush were among Manchild's revolving members.

He has written and composed songs such as "End Of The Road" (Boyz II Men), "Super Woman" (Karyn White), "Breathe Again" (Toni Braxton), "Why I Love You So Much" (Monica), "I'm Ready" (Tevin Campbell),  "Baby Baby Baby" (TLC), "My My My" (Johnny Gill), "We're Not Making Love No More" (Dru Hill) and "Queen of the Night" (Whitney Houston).
Provinces of Saudi Arabia
The provinces of Saudi Arabia, also called regions, are the 13 first-level administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Each province is headed by a governor and serves as the primary administrative unit of the country.

Administrative division
Administrative divisions (also administrative units, administrative regions, subnational entities, or constituent states, as well as many similar generic terms) are geographical areas into which a particular independent sovereign state is divided. Such a unit usually has an administrative authority with the power to take administrative or policy decisions for its area. Administrative divisions are often used as polygons in geospatial analysis.
2015–16 Ohio Bobcats women's basketball team
The 2015–16 Ohio Bobcats women's basketball team represented Ohio University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Bobcats, led by third year head coach Bob Boldon, played its home games at the Convocation Center in Athens, Ohio as a member of the Mid-American Conference. They finished the season 26–7, 16–2 in MAC play by winning the East Division title as well as the overall regular season MAC championship. They lost in the quarterfinals of the MAC women's tournament to Buffalo. They received an automatic bid to the Women's National Invitation Tournament where they lost in the third round to Temple.

2015–16 Temple Owls women's basketball team
The 2015–16 Temple Owls women's basketball team represented Temple University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The season marked the third for the Owls as members of the American Athletic Conference. The Owls, led by eighth year head coach Tonya Cardoza, played their home games at McGonigle Hall with four games at the Liacouras Center. They finished the season 23–12, 13–5 in AAC play to finish in third place. They advanced to the semifinals of the American Athletic women's tournament, where they lost to South Florida. They were invited to the Women's National Invitation Tournament, where they defeated Drexel, Quinnipiac and Ohio in the first, second and third rounds before losing to Michigan in the quarterfinals.
Feng Yi (Former Yan)
Feng Yi (died 365), courtesy name Zizhuan, was a Chinese official of the Former Yan dynasty during the Sixteen Kingdoms period.

After his grandfather introduced him to Murong Hui in 310, Feng Yi would go on to be one of the few officials to serve four generations of Murong Hui's lineage. Feng distinguished himself during Murong Huang's tenure as Duke of Liaodong, consecutively defeating the rival Duan and Yuwen Xianbei clans, and later participating in the Former Yan–Ran Wei War, in which he conquered the Bohai Commandery and helped capture Ran Min. For his accomplishments, he was given the important positions of Chancellor of the State and subsequently Grand Commandant before dying in 365.

Ran Min
Ran Min (simplified Chinese: 冉闵; traditional Chinese: 冉閔; pinyin: Rǎn Mǐn; died 352), also known as Shi Min (石閔), posthumously honored by the Former Yan as Heavenly King Wudao of (Ran) Wei ((冉)魏武悼天王), courtesy name Yongzeng (永曾), nickname Jinu (棘奴), was a military leader during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China and the only emperor of the short-lived state Ran Wei (冉魏). He was known for ordering the massacre of the Jie and other "Hu" barbarians, during which 200,000 people, both Han and non-Han people, were killed between 349 and 350.

In the Book of Jin, Shi Min was described as over 1.9 meters (8 chi) tall and possessed unusual physical strength. In battle, he fought by wielding two weapons in each hands, consisting of a crescent shaped Chinese Halberd by his right hand, and a double-edged spear by his Left hand. His ride was a horse named Zhu Long (朱龍; "Red Dragon"), which was recorded in his final battle.
Inte Onsman
Willem Inte Onsman (Harlingen, 28 September 1872 - Amsterdam, 26 August 1929) was a Dutch playwright and trade unionist.

Born in the province of Friesland, Inte Onsman moved to Amsterdam after the death of his father. His mother sent him to a barbershop as apprentice. After finishing school he became a barber. As a young man he joined a theatre company as an actor, but a few years later he left the group and started his own barbershop.
His socialist sympathies drew him to the Dutch social-democratic party SDAP and the barbers trade union. He became the national secretary of the union, a position he held until his death.

Around 1900 Onsman started writing plays. His most successful was Het licht in den nacht (A light in the night) which dealt with the poor during World War I. In the Netherlands it was performed more than hundred times. It was translated in German, Danish and English.
Onsman also wrote an autobiographical novel, that appeared in 1929, the year of his sudden death.

Social Democratic Workers' Party (Netherlands)
The Social Democratic Workers' Party (Dutch: Sociaal-Democratische Arbeiderspartij, SDAP) was a socialist political party in the Netherlands existing from 1894 to 1946. Originating from a split in the prior Social Democratic League, the party was a predecessor of the current social democratic Labour Party.
Étais-la-Sauvin
Étais-la-Sauvin (French pronunciation: [etɛ la sovɛ̃]) is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France, in the natural region of Forterre.

The actress Juliette Carré lived in Étais-la-Sauvin.

Yonne
Yonne (French: [jɔn], in Burgundian: Ghienne) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the river Yonne, which flows through it, in the country's north-central part. One of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's eight constituent departments, it is located in its northwestern part, bordering Île-de-France. It was created in 1790 during the French Revolution. Its prefecture is Auxerre, with subprefectures in Avallon and Sens. Its INSEE and postcode number is 89.

Yonne is Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's fourth-most populous department, with a population of 335,707 (2019). Its largest city is its prefecture Auxerre, with a population of about 35,000 within city limits and 68,000 in the urban area.
Budcat Creations
Budcat Creations, LLC was an American video game developer based in Iowa City, Iowa, and was a wholly owned subsidiary of Activision, though they formerly had partnerships with Electronic Arts and Majesco Entertainment. They were largely responsible for porting titles to non-target consoles. They had worked on a number of blockbuster gaming franchises, among them Guitar Hero, Madden NFL, and Medal of Honor. They also produced a few original titles, including Blast Works: Build, Trade, Destroy (2008) and The New York Times Crosswords (2007).

The New York Times crossword
The New York Times crossword is a daily American-style crossword puzzle published in The New York Times, syndicated to more than 300 other newspapers and journals, and released online on the newspaper's website and mobile apps as part of The New York Times Games.

The puzzle is created by various freelance constructors and has been edited by Will Shortz since 1993. The crosswords are designed to increase in difficulty throughout the week, with the easiest on Monday and the most difficult on Saturday. The larger Sunday crossword, which appears in The New York Times Magazine, is an icon in American culture; it is typically intended to be a "Wednesday or Thursday" in difficulty. The standard daily crossword is 15 by 15 squares, while the Sunday crossword measures 21 by 21 squares. Many of the puzzle's rules were created by its first editor, Margaret Farrar.
Adam Joan
Adam Joan is a 2017 Indian Malayalam-language action thriller film written and directed by Jinu V. Abraham, produced by Jairaj Motion Pictures and B Cinemas, and distributed by Renji Panicker Entertainment. It stars Prithviraj Sukumaran in the title role alongside an ensemble cast, including Mishti Chakravarty, Narain, Rahul Madhav, Bhavana, Lena, Maniyanpilla Raju, Jaya Menon, and Madhusudhan Rao. It was shot in Scotland and Kerala. Adam Joan was released in India on 1 September 2017 and was a major commercial success.

Ritu (2009 film)
Ritu  (English: Season) is a 2009 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by Shyamaprasad. The original screenplay was written by Joshua Newtonn. This was Shyamaprasad's first film based on an original screenplay. All his previous films were adaptations of published novels or plays. It is widely acclaimed as the 'coming of age' of Malayalam cinema. This movie marked the Malyalam debut of Nishan and Asif Ali.
Sento solo il presente
"Sento solo il presente" (lit. 'I just feel the present') is a song recorded by Italian singer Annalisa, released by Warner Music Italy on 5 May 2014 as the lead single from her fourth studio album Splende.. It was written by Italian band Modà's frontman Francesco Silvestre and produced by Silvestre and Enrico Palmosi.

The song peaked at number 7 on the FIMI Singles Chart and was certified gold in Italy.

Modà
Modà is an Italian rock band from Milan. Formed in 2002, the band currently consists of lead singer Kekko Silvestre, guitarists Diego Arrigoni and Enrico Zapparoli, bass guitarist Stefano Forcella and drummer Claudio Dirani.
Yamina Bachir
Yamina Bachir (20 March 1954 – 3 April 2022) was an Algerian film director and screenwriter. Her film Rachida was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival. According to Roy Armes, Rachida is 'the first 35mm feature directed by an Algerian woman in Algeria'. The film was primarily financed by French and European funding companies. It was popular in Algeria and was distributed internationally in France.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
DEVS
DEVS, abbreviating discrete event system specification, is a modular and hierarchical formalism for modeling and analyzing general systems that can be discrete event systems which might be described by state transition tables, and continuous state systems which might be described by differential equations, and hybrid continuous state and discrete event systems. DEVS is a timed event system.

Directed acyclic graph
In mathematics, particularly graph theory, and computer science, a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is a directed graph with no directed cycles. That is, it consists of vertices and edges (also called arcs), with each edge directed from one vertex to another, such that following those directions will never form a closed loop. A directed graph is a DAG if and only if it can be topologically ordered, by arranging the vertices as a linear ordering that is consistent with all edge directions. DAGs have numerous scientific and computational applications, ranging from biology (evolution, family trees, epidemiology) to information science (citation networks) to computation (scheduling).

Directed acyclic graphs are also called acyclic directed graphs or acyclic digraphs.