hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wolfgramm
Wolfgramm is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Wolfgramm (Tongan musician)

Greg Wolfgramm (born 1974), Tongan rugby league player

Nani Wolfgramm (Tongan musician)

Paea Wolfgramm (Tongan boxer)

Willie Wolfgramm (Tongan rugby league player)

The Jets, Minneapolis-based Tongan singing group made up of members of the Wolfgramm family

Paea Wolfgramm
Paea Wolfgramm (born December 1, 1969) is a Tongan retired boxer.  Nicknamed "The Tongan Warrior", Wolfgramm earned the Super Heavyweight silver medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics, making him the first and only athlete from Tonga to win an Olympic medal.
Banco Ambrosiano
Banco Ambrosiano (Italian pronunciation: [ˈban.ko am.broˈzja.no]; lit. 'Milanese Bank') was an Italian bank that was established in 1896 and collapsed in 1982. The Vatican-based Institute for the Works of Religion, commonly known as the Vatican Bank, was Banco Ambrosiano's main shareholder.

Supreme Court of Cassation (Italy)
The Supreme Court of Cassation (Italian: Corte Suprema di Cassazione) is the highest court of appeal or court of last resort in Italy. It has its seat in the Palace of Justice, Rome.

The Court of Cassation also ensures the correct application of law in the inferior and appeal courts and resolves disputes as to which lower court (penal, civil, administrative, military) has jurisdiction to hear a given case.
Flies (Asimov short story)
"Flies" is a science fiction short story by Isaac Asimov.  It was first published in the June 1953 issue of Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, and later appeared in Asimov's collections Nightfall and Other Stories (1969).

The author's original title for the story was "King Lear, IV, i, 36–37", but Anthony Boucher, editor at the time, suggested a different title, which became "Flies".

Anthony Boucher
William Anthony Parker White (August 21, 1911 – April 29, 1968), better known by his pen name Anthony Boucher (/ˈbaʊtʃər/), was an American author, critic, and editor who wrote several classic mystery novels, short stories, science fiction, and radio dramas. Between 1942 and 1947, he acted as reviewer of mostly mystery fiction for the San Francisco Chronicle. In addition to "Anthony Boucher", White also employed the pseudonym "H. H. Holmes", which was the pseudonym of a late-19th-century American serial killer; Boucher also wrote light verse which he signed "Herman W. Mudgett" (the murderer's real name).

In a 1981 poll of 17 detective story writers and reviewers, his novel Nine Times Nine was voted as the ninth best locked room mystery of all time.
Charles de la Bédoyère
Charles Angélique François Huchet, Comte de la Bédoyère (17 April 1786 – 19 August 1815) was a French general during the reign of Emperor Napoleon I. He was executed in 1815 by the restored Bourbon monarchy, having been an aide-de-camp to Napoleon throughout the Hundred Days before the Battle of Waterloo.

Père Lachaise Cemetery
Père Lachaise Cemetery (French: Cimetière du Père-Lachaise [simtjɛʁ dy pɛʁ laʃɛːz], formerly Cimetière de l'Est, lit. 'Cemetery of the East') is the largest cemetery in Paris, France, at 44 hectares (110 acres). With more than 3.5 million visitors annually, it is the most visited necropolis in the world.

The Père Lachaise is located in the 20th arrondissement and was the first garden cemetery, as well as the first municipal cemetery in Paris. It is also the site of three World War I memorials. The cemetery is located on the Boulevard de Ménilmontant. The Paris Métro station Philippe Auguste on Line 2 is next to the main entrance, while the station Père Lachaise, on both Line 2 and Line 3, is 500 m (1,640 ft) away near a side entrance.
William Russell (rugby union)
William Laing Russell (31 May 1880 — 31 October 1933) was a Scottish international rugby union player.

Born in Glasgow, Russell was the son of Magistrate Sir William Russell and an elder brother of Albert Russell, who was an MP and Solicitor General for Scotland during the 1930s.

Russell became one of Scotland's best swimmers as a teenager and was a member of the Western Swimming Club. He won Scottish swimming championships in the 50 yards, 100 yards, 220 yards, 440 yards and half-mile. As a water polo player, Russell represented Scotland in matches against England, Ireland and Wales.

A wing-forward, Russell played his rugby for Glasgow Academicals and debuted for Scotland against the first ever New Zealand touring team in 1905, known as the Original All Blacks, before gaining a further three caps the following year.

Russell was senior partner of a Glasgow coal exporting firm.

Solicitor General for Scotland
His Majesty's Solicitor General for Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Àrd-neach-lagha a' Chrùin an Alba) is one of the Law Officers of the Crown, and the deputy to the Lord Advocate. The Lord Advocate has a duty is to advise the Scottish Government on Scots Law alongside the Solicitor General for Scotland. They are also responsible for the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service which together constitute the Criminal Prosecution Service in Scotland.

Together with the Lord Advocate, the Solicitor General for Scotland is one of the senior legal advisors to the government in Scotland. Whilst the Solicitor General for Scotland supports the Lord Advocate in their functions, the Solicitor General may also exercise their statutory and common law powers when necessary.
North Side main line
The North Side Main Line is a branch of the Chicago "L" system that is used by Red, Purple, and Brown Line trains. As of 2012, it is the network's busiest rail branch, serving an average of 123,229 passengers each weekday. The branch is 10.3 miles (16.6 km) long with a total of 21 stations, from Howard Street in Rogers Park down to Lake Street in Chicago's Loop. The branch serves the north side of the city 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

Since 2005, this branch has been renovated several times and is currently being reconstructed. On January 7, 2011, CTA requested a rehabilitation program for the North Side Main Line. This project is part of the Red Ahead program.

Jarvis station
Jarvis is an 'L' station on the CTA's Red Line, located at 1523 W. Jarvis Avenue in the Rogers Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.

The style of the station is typical for the intermediate Red Line stops between Howard and Wilson – a narrow platform in the middle of the tracks, with the Red Line stopping on the inner tracks, and the Purple Line Express running on the outside tracks during weekday rush hours.
Azul River (Argentina)
The Azul River is a river found in the Patagonia region of Argentina. Its source is in the Andes Mountains to the northeast of the town of El Bolsón, in the province of Río Negro. After a southward course of around 40 km, it empties at the north bank of Lake Puelo in the province of Chubut.

Chubut Province
Chubut (Spanish: Provincia del Chubut [tʃuˈβut] – from Tehuelche chupat 'transparent'; Welsh: Talaith Chubut [taˈlaɪθ ˈχɨbɨt]) is a province in southern Argentina, situated between the 42nd parallel south (the border with Río Negro Province), the 46th parallel south (bordering Santa Cruz Province), the Andes range to the west (bordering Chile), and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The province's name derives from the Tehuelche word chupat, meaning 'transparent', their description of the Chubut River.

The largest city is Comodoro Rivadavia in the south of the province; it had 199,369 inhabitants at the 2022 Census. The administrative capital is Rawson (27,157). Other important cities are Puerto Madryn (97,625), Trelew (104,657), Esquel (36,624) and Sarmiento (13,892). Gaiman (6,376) is a cultural and demographic centre of the region known as Y Wladfa in which Welsh-Argentines are concentrated.
Milan Vasić
Milan Vasić (19 December 1928, Donja Pecka, Mrkonjić Grad, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes – 26 December 2003, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina) was a Serbian historian. He was a member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republika Srpska since 1997 and its president in 2003. He was corresponding member of the Academy of Science and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina since 1987.

Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republika Srpska
The Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republika Srpska (Serbo-Croatian: Академија наука и умјетности Републике Српске, АНУРС / Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Republike Srpske, ANURS) is highest representative institution in the Republika Srpska of science and art founded in 1996. It has four departments – Department of Social Sciences, Department of Literature and Arts, Department of Natural, Mathematical and Technical Sciences and the Department of Medical Sciences. It is based in Banja Luka.
Jim Svoboda
Jim Svoboda (born June 23, 1960) is an American football coach and former player. He most recently served as the quarterbacks coach at Tulane for the 2022 season, where the team went 12–2 and won the Cotton Bowl Classic. Svoboda served as the head football coach at Nebraska Wesleyan University (NWU) from 1987 to 1993 and the University of Central Missouri in Warrensburg, Missouri from 2010 to 2021. While at Nebraska Wesleyan, Svoboda won three Great Plains Athletic Conference championships (1988–1990), and advanced to the NAIA playoffs three times between 1988 and 1991. After coaching at NWU, Svoboda was the offensive coordinator at Northwest Missouri State University for 10 seasons, three of which the team won the NCAA Division II Football Championship. While serving as the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach at UCLA, Svoboda was a 2005 finalist for the Broyles Award, given annually to the nation's top college football assistant coach.

University of Central Missouri
The University of Central Missouri (UCM) is a public university in Warrensburg, Missouri, United States.

In 2024, enrollment was 13,734 students from 48 states and 52 countries on its 1,561-acre campus. UCM offers 150 programs of study, including 10 pre-professional programs, 27 areas of teacher certification, and 37 graduate programs.
Domenicus Badiaz
Domenicus Badiaz (fl. 1607) was a Danish architect probably of Italian origin in Renaissance Denmark. His name can be attached to various castles in Denmark including Lykkesholm Castle and Nyborg Castle (1607).

Lykkesholm Castle
Lykkesholm Castle (Lykkesholm Slot) is a manor house located in  the parish of Ellested  in Nyborg Municipality, Denmark.
The estate is situated about 3 km southwest of the Funen town of Ørbæk and approx. 21 km southeast of Odense.

The main building was built in 1600 under designed by  architect  Domenicus Badiaz (c. 1591-c. 1607). It was remodeled in 1668 and during 1784–1786. Today it resembles a large manor house painted bright yellow. The property is currently  a hotel with conference facilities  and breeding farm.
An'yō-in (Kamakura)
An’yō-in (安養院) is a Buddhist temple located in the Ōmachi neighborhood of the city of Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. The temple's full name is Gionzan An'yō-in Chōraku-ji (祇園山安養院長楽寺). It belongs to the  Jōdo shū  sect and its honzon is a statue of Amida Nyorai; however, the temple is more famous for enshrining an image of Senjū Kannon Bosatsu ( Sahasrabhūja), which makes it the 4th stop on the Bandō Sanjūsankasho pilgrimage route. It is also called the "Tashirō Kannon".

Honzon
Honzon (本尊, "fundamental honored [one]"), sometimes referred to as a Gohonzon (ご本尊 or 御本尊), is the enshrined main image or principal deity in Japanese Buddhism.  The buddha, bodhisattva, or mandala image is located in either a temple or a household butsudan.

The image can be either a statue or a small scroll and varies from sect to sect. It can be a singular image or a group of images; the honzon in the main (hondō) or treasure (kondō) hall of the temple can be for that particular hall or the entire temple complex.  Sometimes honzon is the central image (chūson) of a cluster of three (sanzonbutsu) or five (goson) images.

The physical creation of an icon is followed by a consecration ceremony (known as kaigen, literally 'opening the eyes' or 'dotting the eyes'). It is believed this transforms the honzon into a 'vessel' of the deity which in its own right has power.
One Night in Heaven (Mayonaka no Angel)
"One Night in Heaven (Mayonaka no Angel)" (One Night In Heaven 〜真夜中のエンジェル〜; "One Night in Heaven (Midnight Angel)") is the sixth single by Japanese idol duo Wink. Written by Takashi Matsumoto, Steve Lironi, and Dan Navarro, the single was released on November 1, 1989 by Polystar Records.

Dan Navarro
Dan Navarro (born Daniel Anthony Navarro, September 14, 1952) is an American vocalist, guitarist and voice actor best known as half of the duo Lowen & Navarro. He is first cousins with Dave Navarro of Jane's Addiction and the Red Hot Chili Peppers.
Wiremu Te Āwhitu
Wiremu Hākopa Toa Te Āwhitu (28 July 1914 – 29 July 1994) was the first Māori to be ordained a Roman Catholic priest. He was born at Ōkahukura, north of Taumarunui, in the central North Island, and was of Ngāti Hāuaroa (Ngāti Hāua) and Ngāti Maniapoto descent. After his ordination in 1944 he worked at Ōtaki in 1945 and 1946 and then in Hawke's Bay for 11 years. He suffered a stroke in 1958 and spent several years recuperating. He resumed ministry in Taranaki in 1966. He moved to Jerusalem on the Whanganui River in 1968 and spent 21 years there, including the period when poet James K. Baxter lived there and attended his church services. He retired to Ōkahukura in 1989.

James K. Baxter
James Keir Baxter (29 June 1926 – 22 October 1972) was a New Zealand poet and playwright. He was also known as an activist for the preservation of Māori culture. He is one of New Zealand's most well-known and controversial literary figures. He was a prolific writer who produced numerous poems, plays and articles in his short life, and was regarded as the preeminent writer of his generation. He suffered from alcoholism until the late 1950s. He converted to Catholicism and established a controversial commune at Jerusalem, New Zealand, in 1969. He was married to writer Jacquie Sturm.
Flora Anne Armitage
Flora Anne Armitage (21 October 1911, in Yorkshire, England – 6 February 1995, in Webster, Texas) was an English-born American biographer and novelist. She was a Guggenheim Fellow for the academic year 1957–1958.

With her family, Flora Armitage immigrated in 1927 to the United States from England. The family settled in Texas. She became a U.S. citizen in April 1937 in Houston. In 1945 she moved to New York City to work for British Information Services (a branch of British government propaganda effort),  which employed her until her retirement.

Armitage is mainly known for her 1955 biography of T. E. Lawrence. The biography was translated into three languages. Her published work includes three novels, short fiction, and essays. When she died she was working on a biography of W. H. Hudson. At the time of her death, her unpublished work included "at least four other novels, a series of short stories, and some poetry".

British Information Services
British Information Services (BIS) was an overt propaganda organization that was part of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the government of the United Kingdom.

BIS was initially formed in 1941 as an organization to promote British interests in the United States. It was later expanded to operate in countries around the world, eventually expanding to have a presence in around 40 countries. attached to British embassies.

The U.S. operations of BIS had a headquarters in Washington, D.C., with offices in New York, Chicago and San Francisco. The New York office had a budget of £240,786 in 1949.

“The British Library of Information in New York: A Tool of British Foreign Policy, 1919-1942.” outlines the library's early history.
I Miss You (Webbie song)
"I Miss You" is a R&B/hip hop song written by Webbie, Mouse and Mannie Fresh for Webbie's second studio album, Savage Life 2 (2008). The song samples Diana Ross' "Missing You", and features LeToya Luckett. It was originally going to feature singer Kelis, but she was replaced for unknown reasons. While the song is about Webbie being on the road and looking forward to returning home to his woman, it is dedicated to Houston rappers that recently have died, mainly for UGK member Pimp C. The song was leaked to the internet on February 5, 2008, and was officially released (for commercial purposes) on March 10, 2008.

Webbie
Webster Gradney Jr. (born September 6, 1985), known professionally as Webbie, is an American rapper. Gradney began his rap career in the early 2000s, first appearing on Lil Boosie's albums before releasing his debut album with him, Ghetto Stories.

He has been signed to the independent Trill Entertainment label since 2003. In 2005 he came into the hip hop scene with "Gimme That" featuring Bun B. His songs "Bad Bitch" and "Swerve" were featured on Gangsta Musik, his 2003 group album with Lil Boosie, and in the 2005 movie Hustle & Flow. Webbie's second album, Savage Life 2, was released in early 2008 with the hit single "Independent" featuring Lil Boosie and Lil Phat.
Hans Maldonado
Hans Maldonado (25 June 1956 – 19 July 1999) was an Ecuadorian footballer. He played in 20 matches for the Ecuador national football team from 1983 to 1985. He was also part of Ecuador's squad for the 1983 Copa América tournament.

1983 Copa América
The 1983 Copa América football tournament was played between 10 August and 4 November, with all ten CONMEBOL members participating. Defending champions Paraguay received a bye into the semi-finals.

The cup was won by Uruguay, that beat Brazil in the final match. This achievement ended Uruguay's 16-year streak without an official championship since the 1967 South American Championship, and qualified the Celestes to play the first Artemio Franchi Trophy in 1985 against France, winner of the UEFA Euro 1984.
James Lowrey
James Lowrey (September 10, 1802 – November 30, 1875) was an American lawyer and Democratic politician.

Lowrey, youngest child of Daniel and Anna (Munson) Lowrey, was born in that part of Farmington which is now Plainville, Connecticut., September 10, 1802.

He graduated from Yale College in 1824.  He went to Wellsboro, Pennsylvania., as the principal of the academy, and there studied law, and entered into partnership with Hon. Ellis Lewis. He served as a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the sessions of 1853 and 1854, representing Tioga County. He retired from the practice of law several years before his death, and removed to Burlington, New Jersey, where he died November 30, 1875, aged 73 years.

In 1830, he married Mary W. Morris (daughter of Samuel Wells Morris), who survived him.

Tioga County, Pennsylvania
Tioga County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 41,045. Its county seat is Wellsboro. The county was created on March 26, 1804, from part of Lycoming County and later organized in 1812. It is named for the Tioga River. The county is part of the North Central Pennsylvania region of the state.
Tameness theorem
In mathematics, the tameness theorem states that every complete hyperbolic 3-manifold with finitely generated fundamental group is topologically tame, in other words homeomorphic to the interior of a compact 3-manifold.

The tameness theorem was conjectured by Marden (1974). It was proved by Agol (2004) and, independently, by Danny Calegari and David Gabai. It is one of the fundamental properties of geometrically infinite hyperbolic 3-manifolds, together with the density theorem for Kleinian groups and the ending lamination theorem.
It also implies the Ahlfors measure conjecture.

Conjecture
In mathematics, a conjecture is a proposition that is proffered on a tentative basis without proof. Some conjectures, such as the Riemann hypothesis or Fermat's conjecture (now a theorem, proven in 1995 by Andrew Wiles), have shaped much of mathematical history as new areas of mathematics are developed in order to prove them.
Tony Barrow (rugby league, born 1971)
Anthony Francis Barrow (19 October 1971 – 16 March 2017) was an English rugby league footballer who played for Oldham RLFC and Swinton Lions.

Following his retirement in 2001, Barrow became a personal trainer.

Barrow was the son of Tony Barrow, Sr. who played for St. Helens and Leigh in the 1960s, and 1970s.

He died aged 45 of cancer.

Swinton Lions
The Swinton Lions are a professional rugby league club based in Swinton, Greater Manchester, England, which competes in the RFL Championship. The club has won the Championship six times and three Challenge Cups. Before 1996, the club was known simply as Swinton RLFC.
Chromis fumea
The smokey chromis (Chromis fumea), also known as the smokey puller or the yellow demoiselle, is a damselfish of the genus Chromis, found in the tropical waters of the eastern Indian Ocean, and the western Pacific Ocean across to north New Zealand, at depths of between 3 and 25 metres, off rocky or coral reef areas.  Its length is between 5 and 10 cm.

Damselfish
Damselfish are fish within the subfamilies Abudefdufinae, Chrominae, Lepidozyginae, Pomacentrinae, and Stegastinae within the family Pomacentridae.

Most species within this group are relatively small, although the four largest species (Hypsypops rubicundus, Microspathodon bairdii, M. dorsalis and Nexilosus latifrons) can reach 30cm (12 in) in length. Most damselfish species exist only in marine environments, but a few inhabit brackish or fresh water. These fish are found globally in tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters.
Tetrapropylammonium perruthenate
Tetrapropylammonium perruthenate (TPAP or TPAPR) is the chemical compound described by the formula N(C3H7)4RuO4. Sometimes known as the Ley–Griffith reagent, this ruthenium compound is used as a reagent in organic synthesis. This salt consists of the tetrapropylammonium cation and the perruthenate anion, RuO−4.

Reagent
In chemistry, a reagent (/riˈeɪdʒənt/ ree-AY-jənt) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. A reactant is a substance or compound that is consumed in a chemical reaction. The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction; reagent is used in the context of chemical analysis, while reactant is used in the context of reaction itself. Solvents, though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, catalysts are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants. In biochemistry, especially in connection with enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the reactants are commonly called substrates.
Bole language
Bole (bòo pìkkà, also known as Bolanchi, Ampikka, Bopikka, Bolewa, Bolawa) is a West Chadic language spoken in Nigeria.  Dialects include Bara and Fika, spoken in the Fika Emirate. It is spoken by around 250,000 people. Bole is written with the Latin alphabet. Bole has two tones, a high tone marked with an acute accent and a low tone marked with a grave accent.

Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet comprises the letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. In a largely unaltered form (two splits, ⟨J⟩ from ⟨I⟩ and ⟨U⟩ from ⟨V⟩; an addition, ⟨W⟩; and extensions such as letters with diacritics), it forms the Latin script that is used to write many languages worldwide: in western and central Europe, in Africa, in the Americas, and in Oceania. It is the most widely used writing system in the world, used by over 3,000 languages, which is about 70% of the global population.

Its basic modern 26-letter inventory is standardized as the ISO basic Latin alphabet.