hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colin de Verdière graph invariant
Colin de Verdière's invariant is a graph parameter  for any graph G, introduced by Yves Colin de Verdière in 1990. It was motivated by the study of the maximum multiplicity of the second eigenvalue of certain Schrödinger operators.

László Lovász
László Lovász (Hungarian: [ˈlovaːs ˈlaːsloː]; born March 9, 1948) is a Hungarian mathematician and professor emeritus at Eötvös Loránd University, best known for his work in combinatorics, for which he was awarded the 2021 Abel Prize jointly with Avi Wigderson. He was the president of the International Mathematical Union from 2007 to 2010 and the president of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences from 2014 to 2020.

In graph theory, Lovász's notable contributions include the proofs of Kneser's conjecture and the Lovász local lemma, as well as the formulation of the Erdős–Faber–Lovász conjecture. He is also one of the eponymous authors of the LLL lattice reduction algorithm.
2015 National Premier Leagues
The 2015 National Premier Leagues was the third season of the Australian National Premier Leagues football competition. The league competition was played amongst eight separate divisions, divided by FFA state and territory member federations. The divisions are ACT, NSW, Northern NSW, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia.

The winners of each respective divisional league competed in a finals playoff tournament at season end, with Blacktown City crowned as National Premier Leagues Champions, which gave them direct qualification for the 2016 FFA Cup Round of 32.

National Premier Leagues Capital Football
The National Premier Leagues Capital Football (also known as NPL ACT 1 or simply NPL1) is a soccer competition contested by clubs affiliated to Capital Football. The league is the highest level (level 1) competition in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) region. It is a subdivision of the National Premier Leagues and sits in Level 2 in the overall Australian league system.
Montecalvo Irpino
Montecalvo Irpino is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, Campania, southern Italy.

Located upon a hill oversighting Ufita Valley, the town is known for its bread (pane di Montecalvo), which is granted the |PAT quality mark, and Irpinia - Colline dell'Ufita DOP olive oil.

In the countryside there are the ruins of Corsano fortified village, devastated by 1656 plague and since abandoned, and Malvizza bullae, the widest mudpot field in Southern Italy.

Prodotto agroalimentare tradizionale
Prodotto agroalimentare tradizionale (PAT) is an official approval for traditional Italian regional food products similar to the protected geographical status of the European Union. A list of approved products is published by the Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies. The denomination is attributed by each regional government, in collaboration with the Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies.

In 2025 a total of 5,717 products carried PAT certification; the region with the largest number of approved products was Campania, with 610.
Paspampres Presidential Band
The Presidential Band of the Presidential Security Forces of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Korps Musik Upacara Pasukan Pengamanan Presiden Republik Indonesia), also known commonly in public as the Paspampres Presidential Band, is the foremost military band of the Indonesian National Armed Forces which serves as the military band service of the President of Indonesia, the Vice President of Indonesia, and their families. As part of the Paspampres, it is affiliated to and leads all military bands within the INAF as the country's seniormost military band.

The band is attached to Group A of Paspampres stationed at Merdeka Palace and/or Bogor Palace, which serves the President and his First Family and is composed of military musicians from bands within the INAF (from 1962 until 1999 including the Indonesian National Police).

President of Indonesia
The president of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Presiden Republik Indonesia) is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The president is the leader of the executive branch of the Indonesian government and the commander-in-chief of the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Indonesian National Police. Since 2004, the president and vice president have been directly elected to a five-year term, once renewable, allowing for a maximum of ten years in office.

The current president is Prabowo Subianto, who assumed office on 20 October 2024.
Peter J. Vita
Peter J. Vita (April 30, 1910 – January 7, 2004) of Port Chester, New York, held the world record for the longest working career as a barber.

Vita started cutting hair professionally in 1922, starting his career in his father's barbershop when he was twelve years old.  He opened his own barbershop in 1930 and worked actively as a barber for 81 years until suffering a stroke in late 2003. In October 2003, he was recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the longest-practicing barber in the world. The previous holder of the record had worked as a barber for 76 years.

Barber
A barber is a person whose occupation is mainly to cut, dress, groom, style and shave hair or beards. A barber's place of work is known as a barbershop or the barber's. Barbershops have been noted places of social interaction and public discourse since at least classical antiquity. In some instances, barbershops were also public forums. They were the locations of open debates, voicing public concerns, and engaging citizens in discussions about contemporary issues.

In previous times, barbers (known as barber surgeons) also performed surgery and dentistry. With the development of safety razors and the decreasing prevalence of beards in Anglophonic cultures, most barbers now specialize in cutting men's scalp hair as opposed to facial hair.
Mavinagundi Falls
Mavinagundi Falls is a waterfall located in Siddapura Taluk, Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India and it fills with water only during the monsoon season. The falls are formed by Mavinagundi river.

Uttara Kannada
Uttara Kannada is the fifth largest district in the Indian state of Karnataka, It is bordered by the state of Goa and Belagavi districts to the north, Dharwad District and Haveri District to the east, Shivamogga District, and Udupi District to the south, and the Laccadive Sea to the west. Karwar is the district headquarters, and Sirsi is the major commercial center in the district.
The district's agroclimatic divisions include the coastal plain consisting of Karwar, Ankola, Kumta, Honnavar, Bhatkal taluks and Malenadu consisting of Sirsi, Siddapur, Yellapur, Haliyal, Dandeli, Joida, Mundgod taluks.
Michael Pepper (cricketer)
Michael-Kyle Steven Pepper (born 25 June 1998) is an English cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Essex in the 2018 County Championship on 25 June 2018. He made his Twenty20 debut for Essex in the 2018 t20 Blast on 3 August 2018. He made his List A debut on 22 July 2021, for Essex in the 2021 Royal London One-Day Cup. In October 2024, Pepper was called-up into the  England squad for their One-Day series against the West Indies.

2018 County Championship
The 2018 County Championship, known as the 2018 Specsavers County Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the 119th cricket County Championship season. As in 2017, Division One has eight teams and Division Two has ten teams, with two teams relegated and two promoted at the end of the season.

The first round of matches began on 13 April and the final round of matches were scheduled to end on 27 September. Most of the matches of the Championship were played as day matches, although each team played one day-night match during the season.

In September 2018, the match between Somerset and Lancashire at Taunton finished as a tie. It was the first tie in a County Championship game since 2003, Somerset's first tied match since 1939 and Lancashire's first since 1952. By winning their game against Worcestershire between the 10th and 13 September, Surrey took an unassailable lead at the top of Division One, making them champions.
2022 Inverclyde Council election
The 2022 Inverclyde Council election took place on 5 May 2022, as part of the 2022 Scottish local elections on the same day as the 31 other Scottish local authorities were up for election. The election used the 7 wards created under the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004, last changed in 2017, with 22 councillors being elected. Each ward elected either 3 or 4 members, using the STV electoral system.

At the previous election in 2017, the Labour Party won the most seats and formed a minority administration. The same happened at this election in 2022, with Stephen McCabe continuing as leader of the council after the election.

Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004
The Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004 (asp 9) is an act of the Scottish Parliament which made certain reforms to local government including the introduction of the single transferable vote electoral system.
Ernest Parkinson
Ernest William Parkinson (28 April 1894 – 14 April 1978) was an English cricketer active in 1920 who played for Leicestershire. He was born in Sileby and died in Leicester. He appeared in two first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who scored 26 runs with a highest score of 18.

Sileby
Sileby is a former industrial village and civil parish in the Soar Valley in the Charnwood borough of Leicestershire, England. It is located between Leicester and Loughborough. The village is close to Barrow upon Soar, Mountsorrel, Ratcliffe-on-the-Wreake, Seagrave and Cossington. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 7,835, rising to 8,959 at the 2021 census.

The origins of the village date back to around 840 AD when the area was settled by the Danes - Leicestershire forming part of the Danelaw along with other counties in the vicinity. The name Sileby may in fact come from the Danish name "Sighulf".

The village lies at the bottom of an ancient valley created by the nearby River Soar, meaning that surrounding farmland is particularly prone to flooding during persistent or heavy rain.
Freeze stat
A freeze stat is a temperature sensing device for HVAC that monitors a heat exchanger to prevent its coils from freezing.  Freeze stats can be used on both refrigerant-to-air and refrigerant-to-liquid type heat exchangers and serve different purposes with similar goals for each.

Thermometer
A thermometer is a device that measures temperature (the hotness or coldness of an object) or temperature gradient (the rates of change of temperature in space). A thermometer has two important elements: (1) a temperature sensor (e.g. the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the pyrometric sensor in an infrared thermometer) in which some change occurs with a change in temperature; and (2) some means of converting this change into a numerical value (e.g. the visible scale that is marked on a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the digital readout on an infrared model). Thermometers are widely used in technology and industry to monitor processes, in meteorology, in medicine (medical thermometer), and in scientific research.
Mopti bus massacre
On 3 December 2021 unidentified gunmen attacked a bus in Mopti, Central Mali, firing at its occupants and setting it on fire, killing 31 civilians and injuring 17. Most of the passengers were women travelling from Songo-Doubacore to a market in Bandiagara.

According to the local mayor of Bankass, during the massacre, the insurgents slashed the tires, proceeding to shoot the civilians to death, then set the bus on fire. Malian authorities sent a group of state security officers to the crime scene, where they found 25 burnt bodies in the vehicle's trunk.

The massacre occurred on the same day that Islamist rebels attacked a convoy in the region, killing two United Nations peacekeepers. Two days later, unknown militants bombed two UN camps in Gao. The attacks occurred during a recent insurgency among Islamist insurgents in West Africa.

Bankass
Bankass (Báŋkà:s) is a town and rural commune located in the Mopti Region of Mali. The commune has an area of approximately 362 square kilometers and includes the town and 25 of the surrounding villages. In the 2009 census it had a population of 30,159. The town is the seat of the Bankass Cercle, one of eight subdivisions (cercles) of the Mopti Region.

There is a Tuesday weekly market in the town.
Latite
Latite is an igneous, volcanic rock, with aphanitic-aphyric to aphyric-porphyritic texture. It is the volcanic equivalent of monzonite. Its mineral assemblage is usually alkali feldspar and plagioclase in approximately equal amounts. Quartz is less than five percent and is absent in a feldspathoid-bearing latite, and olivine is absent in a quartz-bearing latite. When quartz content is greater than five percent the rock is classified as quartz latite. Biotite, hornblende, pyroxene and scarce olivine or quartz are common accessory minerals. Feldspathoid-bearing latite is sometimes referred to as tristanite.

Rhomb porphyries are an unusual variety with gray-white porphyritic, rhomb-shaped phenocrysts embedded in a very fine grained red-brown matrix.  The composition of rhomb porphyry places it in the trachyte - latite classification of the QAPF diagram.

Latite is found, for example, as lavas in Bulgaria and as intrusive laccoliths and sills in South Dakota, US.

Laccolith
A laccolith is a body of intrusive rock with a dome-shaped upper surface and a level base, fed by a conduit from below. A laccolith forms when magma (molten rock) rising through the Earth's crust begins to spread out horizontally, prying apart the host rock strata. The pressure of the magma is high enough that the overlying strata are forced upward, giving the laccolith its dome-like form.

Over time, erosion can expose the solidified laccolith, which is typically more resistant to weathering than the host rock. The exposed laccolith then forms a hill or mountain. The Henry Mountains of Utah, US, are an example of a mountain range composed of exposed laccoliths. It was here that geologist Grove Karl Gilbert carried out pioneering field work on this type of intrusion. Laccolith mountains have since been identified in many other parts of the world.

Laccolith

Small dike

Batholith

Dike

Sill

Volcanic neck, pipe

Lopolith
Musa Pak Express
Musa Pak Express (Urdu: موسى پاک ایکسپریس) is a passenger train operated daily by Pakistan Railways between Multan and Lahore. The trip takes approximately 5 hours and 10 minutes to cover a published distance of 312 kilometres (194 mi), traveling along a stretch of the Karachi–Peshawar Railway Line. The train named after Syed Abul Hassab Musa Pak, a famous Sufi saint who lived in Multan between 1535–1592. It is one of the best trains to travel between Lahore and Multan due to its low fares and good quality.

Syed Musa Pak
Shaikh Syed Abul Hassan Musa Pak Shaheed (Urdu: شيخ سيد ابوالحساب موسى پاک شهيد) was Sufi and his mausoleum is located at Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Shaikh Syed Abul Hassan was son of Syed Hamid Bakhsh Gilani.His shrine is situated in historical city of Multan. Syed Musa Pak buried near Pak Gate inside the wall city of Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. The Urs of Syed Musa Pak Shaheed takes place annually at his Mausoleum in Multan.(11ve Wali Sarkar).
Rowan Hisayo Buchanan
Rowan Hisayo Buchanan FRSL (born 2 June 1989) is a British and American writer. Her novels include Harmless Like You, which received a Betty Trask Award and the 2017 Author's Club Best First Novel Award, and Starling Days. She is the editor of Go Home!, an anthology of stories by Asian American writers. She was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 2023.

The Paris Review
The Paris Review is a quarterly English-language literary magazine established in Paris in 1953 by Harold L. Humes, Peter Matthiessen, and George Plimpton.

The Review's "Writers at Work" series includes interviews with Ezra Pound, Ernest Hemingway, T. S. Eliot, Jorge Luis Borges, Ralph Ellison, William Faulkner, Thornton Wilder, Robert Frost, Pablo Neruda, William Carlos Williams, and Vladimir Nabokov, among hundreds of others. Literary critic Joe David Bellamy wrote that the series was "one of the single most persistent acts of cultural conservation in the history of the world."

The headquarters of The Paris Review moved from Paris to New York City in 1973. Plimpton edited the Review from its founding until his death in 2003.
Petra Jaya (federal constituency)
Petra Jaya is a federal constituency in Kuching Division (Kuching District),  
Sarawak, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1990.

The federal constituency was created in the 1987 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.

Kuching District
The Kuching District is an administrative district within Kuching Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. It is subdivided into two subdistricts which are Kuching Proper and Padawan. The population of the entire district was 617,887 at the 2010 Census.
Ying Guo
Ying Guo is a Chinese biostatistician specializing in biomedical imaging, neuroimaging, and high-dimensional data analysis. She is a professor of biostatistics and bioinformatics at Emory University, where she directs the Emory Center for Biomedical Imaging Statistics.

Biostatistics
Biostatistics (sometimes referred to as biometry) is a branch of statistics that applies statistical methods to a wide range of topics in the biological sciences, with a focus on clinical medicine and public health applications. 
The field encompasses the design of experiments, the collection and analysis of experimental and observational data, and the interpretation of the results.
It is closely related to medical statistics.
Operation Return to Sender
Operation Return to Sender is the name for a massive sweep of illegal immigrants by the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agency that began on May 26, 2006.

According to ICE, the campaign has focused on individuals deemed to be the most dangerous, including convicted felons and gang members, particularly those of the notorious Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) gang, as well as repeat offenders, some of whom had already been deported. As of late April 2007, over 23,000 illegal immigrants had been arrested.

Deportation
Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people by a state from its sovereign territory. The actual definition changes depending on the place and context, and it also changes over time. A person who has been deported or is under sentence of deportation is called a deportee.
St Mary's Church, Betws-y-Coed
St Mary's Church, Betws-y-Coed, is in the village of Betws-y-Coed, Conwy, Wales. It is an active Anglican parish church of the Church in Wales, in the deanery of Arllechwedd, the archdeaconry of Bangor and the diocese of Bangor. The church is designated by Cadw as a Grade II* listed building.

Cadw
Cadw ([ˈkadu], a Welsh verbal noun meaning "keeping/preserving") is the historic environment service of the Welsh Government and part of the Tourism and Culture group. Cadw works to protect the historic buildings and structures, the landscapes and heritage sites of Wales, to make them available for the public to visit, enjoy, and understand their significance. Cadw manages 127 state-owned properties and sites. It arranges events at its managed properties, provides lectures and teaching sessions, offers heritage walks, and hosts an online shop. Members of the public can become members of Cadw to gain membership privileges.

Cadw marked its 40th year in 2024, by which time more than 33,000 properties, structures and monuments were under its care.
Helgoland (Bruckner)
Helgoland, WAB 71, is a secular, patriotic  cantata for male choir and orchestra, composed by Anton Bruckner in 1893. Since Bruckner did not complete the 9th symphony, Helgoland is his last complete work.

Men's chorus
A men's chorus or male voice choir (MVC) (German: Männerchor), is a choir consisting of men who sing with either a tenor or bass voice, and whose music is typically arranged into high and low tenors (1st and 2nd tenor), and high and low basses (1st and 2nd bass; or baritone and bass)—and shortened to the letters TTBB. The term can also refer to a piece of music which is performed by such a choir.
JPMorgan India Growth & Income
JPMorgan India Growth & Income (LSE: JII) is a large British investment trust dedicated to investments in India. Established in 1994, the company will become a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index, an index of the larger companies on the London Stock Exchange, on 27 September 2022. The chairman is Jeremy Whitley.

FTSE 250 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 250 Index, also called the FTSE 250 Index, FTSE 250, or, informally, the "Footsie 250" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a stock market index that consists of the 101st to the 350th mid-cap blue chip companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.
2002 Latin Billboard Music Awards
The 9th annual Billboard Latin Music Awards, which honor the most popular albums, songs, and performers in Latin music, took place May 9 in Miami. Winners are determined by the actual sales and radio airplay data that informs Billboard's weekly charts, including Top Latin Albums, and radio charts, including Hot Latin Tracks, during a one-year period from the issue dated Feb. 17, 2001 through the Feb. 9, 2002, issue.

Alejandro Fernández
Alejandro Fernández Abarca (Spanish pronunciation: [aleˈxandɾo feɾˈnandes aˈβaɾka]; born 24 April 1971) is a Mexican singer. Born in Guadalajara, Jalisco, he is the son of the Mexican singer Vicente Fernández. Nicknamed as "El Potrillo" by the media and his fans, he has sold over 20 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists. He originally specialized in traditional, earthy forms of Mexican folk, such as mariachi and charro, until he successfully branched out into pop music. Over the course of his career, he has been awarded four Latin Grammy Awards and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Randy Mere Reservoir
Randy Mere Reservoir (also known as Randymere Reservoir), is a freshwater reservoir owned and operated by Yorkshire Water, near Beck Hole, in North Yorkshire, England. The reservoir was built in the 1880s by Whitby Water Company and holds about 62,000 cubic metres (2,200,000 cu ft) of water. The reservoir is built on an overflow channel for the proglacial Lake Eskdale, and before being converted into a reservoir, the area was a tarn and a marsh that was used as a commercial leech fishery.

Yorkshire Water
Yorkshire Water is a British water supply and treatment utility company servicing West Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, the East Riding of Yorkshire, part of North Lincolnshire, most of North Yorkshire and part of Derbyshire, in England. The company has its origins in the Yorkshire Water Authority, one of ten regional water authorities created by the Water Act 1973, and privatised under the terms of the Water Act 1989, when Yorkshire Water plc, the parent company of the Yorkshire Water business, was floated on the London Stock Exchange. The parent company was Kelda Group in 1999.  
In February 2008, Kelda Group was bought by a consortium of infrastructure funds.

It is regulated under the Water Industry Act 1991.