hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Queen Victoria Riding Out
Queen Victoria Riding Out is an 1840 painting by the British artist Francis Grant. It depicts Queen Victoria riding out on her horse Comus in Windsor Great Park. Next to her is the Prime Minister Lord Melbourne while her dogs Dash and Islay run out in front. Riding behind her is Lord Conyingham the Lord Chamberlain, who is raising his hat. Following through the Gothic archway on the left are George Byng, Lord Uxbridge and George Augustus Quentin. Windsor Castle can be seen in the distance.

Grant made his name through hunting and other sporting scenes, before turning to specialise in portrait painting. In 1866 he was elected President of the Royal Academy. The painting was commissioned by Victoria, likely at Melbourne's suggestion. Today it remains in the Royal Collection.

Francis Conyngham, 2nd Marquess Conyngham
Francis Nathaniel Conyngham, 2nd Marquess Conyngham, KP, GCH, PC (11 June 1797 – 17 July 1876), styled Lord Francis Conyngham between 1816 and 1824 and Earl of Mount Charles between 1824 and 1832, was an Anglo-Irish soldier, courtier, politician and absentee landlord.
Andrea Becerra
Andrea Maya Becerra Arizaga (born 25 July 2000) is a Mexican archer competing incompound events. She won the silver medal in the women's individual and women's team events at the 2023 World Championships. She is also a silver medalist in the women's individual event at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru and the 2023 Central American and Caribbean Games held in El Salvador.

Compound bow
In modern archery, a compound bow is a bow that uses a levering system, usually of cables and pulleys, to bend the limbs. The compound bow was first developed in 1966 by Holless Wilbur Allen in North Kansas City, Missouri, and a US patent was granted in 1969. Compound bows are widely used in target practice and hunting.

Compound bows are typically constructed of man-made materials such as fiberglass and carbon fiber, while traditional bows and warbows usually are entirely or partially made of wood or bamboo.

The pulley/cam system grants the user a mechanical advantage, and so the limbs of a compound bow are much stiffer than those of a recurve bow or longbow. This rigidity makes the compound bow more energy-efficient than traditional bows, as less energy is dissipated in limb movement. The higher-rigidity, more advanced construction also improves accuracy by reducing the bow's sensitivity to changes in temperature and humidity.
M. A. Muhit
Mohammad Abdul Muhit (born 5 October 1969), known as M. A. Muhit, is a Bangladeshi physician and politician from the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. He is the incumbent State Minister of Health and Family Welfare and member of Parliament (MP) representing the Sirajganj-6 constituency.

University of South Asia, Bangladesh
University of South Asia (Bengali: ইউনিভার্সিটি অব সাউথ এশিয়া) or UNISA is a private university in the Amin Bazar, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Its curriculum has been approved by the University Grants Commission.
Vince Guaraldi Trio (album)
Vince Guaraldi Trio is the debut studio album by American jazz pianist Vince Guaraldi (credited to the Vince Guaraldi Trio), released in the US by Fantasy Records in September 1956. It was recorded in San Francisco, California, in April 1956.

Woody Herman
Woodrow Charles Herman (May 16, 1913 – October 29, 1987) was an American jazz clarinetist, saxophonist, singer, and big band leader. Leading groups called "The Herd", Herman came to prominence in the late 1930s and was active until his death in 1987. His bands often played music that was cutting edge and experimental; their recordings received numerous Grammy nominations with three wins plus a lifetime achievement award for Herman.
BBO (Bad Bitches Only)
"BBO (Bad Bitches Only)" is a song by American hip hop group Migos featuring Atlanta-based rapper 21 Savage. It was released on January 26, 2018 as a track on the former's second studio album Culture II. The song was written by the artists alongside producers Buddah Bless, Kanye West, DJ Durel, and Mike Dean, with another production credit going to Quavo and another writing credit going to Earl Moss for the sampling of The Festivals "You've Got the Makings of a Lover".

Mike Dean (music producer)
Michael George Dean (born March 1, 1965) is an American record producer, audio engineer, and multi-instrumentalist. He is known for his synthesizer-heavy instrumentation and audio mixing for high-profile music industry artists. Beginning his career in 1992, he was first credited on releases for Texas-based rappers Scarface, Willie D, and Geto Boys, though he has since worked with hip-hop and pop artists including Kanye West, the Weeknd, Beyoncé, Kid Cudi, Travis Scott, Jay-Z, Drake, Madonna, Selena Gomez, Playboi Carti, and Lana Del Rey, among others. As a non-performing lead artist, Dean has released six solo studio albums: 4:20 (2020), 4:22 (2021), Smoke State 42222 (2022), 4:23 (2023), 424 (2024) and 425 (2025).
Zhang Liyin
Zhang Liyin (born February 28, 1989) is a Chinese singer and songwriter. She has released singles in both China and South Korea, singing in both languages. Zhang became the first Chinese female to debut in South Korea with the release of her single "Timeless" in 2006, which later reached number one on music charts. She is also the first foreign artist to win Best Newcomer award at the Mnet Asian Music Awards.

Lee Yeon-hee
Lee Yeon-hee (Korean: 이연희; born January 9, 1988) is a South Korean actress. She is most known for her work in the television series East of Eden (2008), Phantom (2012),  Miss Korea (2013), The Package (2017); and in the films A Millionaire's First Love (2006), M (2007), and Detective K: Secret of the Lost Island (2015).
DIVA: Live From Hell
DIVA: Live from Hell is a one-man musical with a score by Alexander Sage Oyen and book and characters by Nora Brigid Monahan. The musical is a dark comedy following Desmond Channing, a deranged high school theatre student, as he retells the events that drove him to murder his drama club rival to an audience at his long-running cabaret act in Hell. The show was originally developed by Less Than Rent Theatre as a short solo comedy under the title Diva and premiered at Theatre Row as part of the 2013 United Solo Theatre Festival.

United Solo Theatre Festival
United Solo Theatre Festival is the world's largest solo theatre festival. It takes place at Theatre Row on 42nd Street in New York City. Its founder and artistic director is Omar Sangare. The festival presents many categories of solo shows, including storytelling, puppetry, dance, multimedia, improvisations, stand-up, magic, drama, and comedy.
Since its inaugural edition, the Festival raises money for The Actors Fund.
Urtsuniwar
Urtsuniwar or Urchuniwar (اُرچؕنوار) is a dialect of the Kalasha-mun spoken in the Urtsun Valley of Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The total number of speakers is estimated to be around 2,900–5,700 peoples.

Chitral District
Chitral District (Khowar: ݯھیترارو ضلع; Urdu: ضلع چترال) was a district in the Malakand Division of the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from 14 August 1947 to 2018. It was the northernmost and the largest district of the province, covering an area of 14,850 km2, before the district was split in two forming the new districts of Upper Chitral and Lower Chitral.

It shared district borders with Swat and Dir to the south, a provincial border with Gilgit-Baltistan to the east and the Durand Line as international border with Afghanistan to the north and west. Afghanistan's narrow strip of Wakhan Corridor separated Chitral from Tajikistan in the north.
2022–23 Reading F.C. Women season
The 2022–23 Reading F.C. Women season is the club's 16th season and their eighth in the FA Women's Super League, the highest level of the football pyramid.

The season concluded with Reading F.C. Women finishing 12th place and being relegated.

Emma Mukandi
Emma Mukandi (née Mitchell; born 19 September 1992) is a Scottish former professional footballer who last played for FA WC club London City Lionesses. She began her senior career with Glasgow City then joined Frauen-Bundesliga club SGS Essen. Primarily a defender, Mukandi has also played as a forward. Mukandi also plays for the Scotland national team.
Oldenburgia
Oldenburgia is a genus of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It contains four accepted species, including the commonly cultivated, near-endangered species Oldenburgia grandis (Thunb.) Baill. (=Oldenburgia arbuscula DC.); the petricolous Oldenburgia paradoxa Less. (type-species); Oldenburgia intermedia Bond (small distribution around Cape Town); and Oldenburgia papionum DC. Oldenburgia herbacea (L.) Roxb., an unresolved name. They are endemic to South Africa, southern parts of western and eastern Cape.

Henri Ernest Baillon
Henri Ernest Baillon (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ʁi ɛʁnɛst bajɔ̃]; 30 November 1827 in Calais – 19 July 1895 in Paris) was a French botanist and physician.

Baillon spent his academic career teaching natural history and publishing numerous works on botany. He was appointed to the Légion d'honneur in 1867, joined the Royal Society in 1894 and put together the Dictionnaire de botanique with Auguste Faguet's wood engravings.

The standard author abbreviation Baill. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Kishan Singh Sangwan
Kishan Singh Sangwan (15 June 1948 – 2 December 2012) was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represents the Sonepat constituency of Haryana and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party.

14th Lok Sabha
The 14th Lok Sabha (2 June 2004 – 18 May 2009) was convened after the 2004 Indian general election, held in four phases during 20 April – 10 May 2004, which led to the formation of the first Manmohan Singh ministry (2004–2009). Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance won 62 more seats than previous 13th Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. 8 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 14th Lok Sabha after the 2004 Indian general election.

The next 15th Lok Sabha was convened after 2009 Indian general election.
Deon Minor
Deon Minor (born January 22, 1973) is an American former track and field athlete who specialized in the 400 meter dash. He won two consecutive gold medals in the relay at the IAAF World Indoor Championships from 1997 to 1999, setting a world record mark of 3:02.83 minutes in the latter competition.

World Athletics Indoor Championships
The World Athletics Indoor Championships are a biennial indoor track and field competition served as the global championship for that version of the sport. Organised by the World Athletics, the competition was inaugurated as the World Indoor Games in 1985 in Paris, France and were subsequently renamed to IAAF World Indoor Championships in 1987. The current name was adapted with the name change of the sports governing body in 2019.

They have been held every two years except for when they were held in consecutive years 2003 and 2004 to facilitate the need for them to be held in alternate years to the outdoor World Athletics Championships in the future, and in 2024, 2025, and 2026. The Championships due to be held in China in 2020 were postponed because of the COVID pandemic, as were the attempted running of the China edition in then 2021 and 2023, eventually being scheduled for 2025. Two standard editions of the Championships were held in 2022 and 2024.
Francesco Amirante
Francesco Amirante (16 April 1933 – 6 January 2024) was an Italian magistrate. He served on the Constitutional Court from 2001 to 2010 and was its President from 2009 to 2010.

Amirante died in Naples on 6 January 2024, at the age of 90.

Constitutional Court of Italy
The Constitutional Court of the Italian Republic (Italian: Corte costituzionale della Repubblica Italiana) is the highest court of Italy in matters of constitutional law. Sometimes, the name Consulta is used as a metonym for it, because its sessions are held in Palazzo della Consulta in Rome.
Rolls-Royce–Bentley L-series V8 engine
The Rolls-Royce–Bentley L-series V8 engine is an engine introduced in 1959. Built in Crewe, it was used on most Rolls-Royce and Bentley automobiles in the four decades after its introduction, with its final application being the Bentley Mulsanne which ended production in 2020.

With BMW's acquisition of the rights to use the Rolls-Royce name in 1998, Rolls-Royce Motor Cars began using BMW supplied V12 engines but Bentley under Volkswagen Group ownership continued to use highly modified versions of the L series on its Arnage, Azure, Brooklands and Mulsanne models, with VAG W-12 and V8 engines being used in its Continental GT, Flying Spur and Bentayga models.

Bentley Flying Spur (2005)
The Bentley Flying Spur, known as the Bentley Continental Flying Spur before 2013, is a full-sized luxury car produced by Bentley Motors Limited since 2005. It is the four-door saloon variant of the Bentley Continental GT two-door coupé.

The Flying Spur is assembled by hand at Bentley's factory in Crewe, England. Briefly, due to lack of capacity at the Crewe factory upon the car's introduction, 1,358 units of the first generation Flying Spur destined for markets other than the United States and United Kingdom were built at parent-company Volkswagen's Transparent Factory in Dresden, Germany. This arrangement ended in early 2007, when all assembly works reverted to Crewe.
Pristimantis mutabilis
Pristimantis mutabilis, also known as the mutable rainfrog or "punk rock" rainfrog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Ecuadoran Andes of Pichincha and Imbabura provinces. Pristimantis mutabilis is the first known amphibian species that is able to change skin texture from tuberculate to almost smooth in a few minutes, an extreme example of phenotypic plasticity. The specific epithet mutabilis (changeable) refers to this ability. The physiological mechanism behind the skin texture change remains unknown.

Imbabura Province
Imbabura (Spanish pronunciation: [imbaˈβuɾa]) is a province located in the Andes of northern Ecuador.  The capital is Ibarra. The people of the province speak Spanish, and a large portion of the population also speak the Imbaburan Kichwa variety of the Quechua language.

The summit of Cotacachi Volcano at an elevation of 4,944 metres (16,220 ft) is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north-east of the town of Cotacachi. The volcano is located in the large Cotacachi Cayapas Ecological Reserve.

Imbabura Volcano is also located in the province.  Best reached from the town of La Esperanza, the 4,609 metres (15,121 ft) high mountain can be climbed in a single day.
Allan Egeland
Allan Egeland (born January 31, 1973) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre.  He was drafted in the third round, 55th overall, by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft. Egeland was born in Lethbridge, Alberta.

1993 NHL entry draft
The 1993 NHL entry draft was the 31st NHL entry draft. It took place on June 26, 1993, at the Colisée de Québec in Quebec City, Quebec.

First overall pick Alexandre Daigle is widely regarded today as one of the all-time greatest draft busts in NHL history. Regarding his draft position, Daigle uttered the now infamous comment, "I'm glad I got drafted first, because no one remembers number two". Chris Pronger, selected after Daigle with pick two by the Hartford Whalers, was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2015.

The last active player in the NHL from the 1993 NHL entry draft was Kimmo Timonen, who retired after the 2014–15 season.
Exploit kit
An exploit kit is a tool used for automatically managing and deploying exploits against a target computer. Exploit kits allow attackers to deliver malware without having advanced knowledge of the exploits being used. Browser exploits are typically used, although they may also include exploits targeting common software, such as Adobe Reader, or the operating system itself. Most kits are written in PHP.

Exploit kits are often sold on the black market, both as standalone kits, and as a service.

Browser security
Browser security is the application of Internet security to web browsers in order to protect networked data and computer systems from breaches of privacy or malware. Security exploits of browsers often use JavaScript, sometimes with cross-site scripting (XSS) with a secondary payload using Adobe Flash. Security exploits can also take advantage of vulnerabilities (security holes) that are commonly exploited in all browsers.
Gaines Ferry
Gaines Ferry was a ferry on the Sabine River, between what is now Sabine Parish, Louisiana and Sabine County, Texas, at the eastern terminus of Texas State Highway 21, and the western terminus of LA 6. Much of the early history of New Spain, France, Mexico, the Republic of Texas, the United States, including the American Civil War, and the U.S. states of Texas and Louisiana, involve some aspect of Gaines Ferry. It was a major highway to the west and cattle trail east, a port of entry for the Republic of Texas, and a transportation road for military supplies and soldiers during the American Civil War that included transporting cotton to Mexico. Gaines Ferry was the northern entry for many colonists heading to Texas, and it was named after James Gaines who purchased it in 1819. The ferry saw continuous service until 1937.

Sabine Parish, Louisiana
Sabine Parish (French: Paroisse de la Sabine) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,155. The parish seat and largest town is Many.

Sabine was one of five parishes created in as many weeks by the Louisiana State Legislature on March 27, 1843. It was created from Natchitoches Parish with the Sabine River as the international boundary between the United States and the Republic of Texas as the western boundary.
Cinnamtannin B1
Cinnamtannin B1 is a condensed tannin found in Cinnamomum verum. It falls under the category of type A proanthocyanidin.

Cinnamon could potentially exhibit pharmacological effects in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance. The plant material predominantly employed in the study was sourced from Chinese cinnamon (see Chinese cinnamon's medicinal uses). Recent phytochemical research has suggested that cinnamtannin B1, extracted from C. Verum, might have a potential therapeutic impact on type 2 diabetes, with the exception of postmenopausal patients studied using Cinnamomum aromaticum.

Cinnamtannin B1 possesses multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups and is noted for its antioxidant properties, antimicrobial activities, and ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, which could contribute to the protection of damaged tissues in wounds.

A-type proanthocyanidin
A type proanthocyanidins are a specific type of proanthocyanidins, which are a class of flavonoid. Proanthocyanidins fall under a wide range of names in the nutritional and scientific vernacular, including oligomeric proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, polyphenols, condensed tannins, and OPCs. Proanthocyanidins were first popularized by French scientist Jacques Masquelier.
International Translation Day
International Translation Day is an international day recognising translation professionals. It is celebrated every year on 30 September, which is the day of the feast of St. Jerome, the Bible translator who is considered the patron saint of translators.

Language professional
Language professionals are individuals who support authors in publishing by helping produce documents of appropriate scope and quality (in any language). Their role is particularly important in the research setting, especially whenever the authors are not native English speakers but are required to publish in English for international communication. The work of language professionals falls within the language industry.
Qutapata
Qutapata (Aymara quta lake, pata step, also spelled Kkotapata, Kotapata) is a 5,300-metre-high (17,388 ft) mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Bolivian Andes. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Sud Yungas Province, Irupana Municipality, near the border with the Murillo Province, Palca Municipality. Qutapata lies south-west of the mountain Mururata and north-east of the mountain Wila Quta.

Pedro Domingo Murillo Province
Pedro Domingo Murillo is a province in the Bolivian La Paz Department. It was created on January 8, 1838, with the name Cercado and on October 17, 1912, during the presidency of Eliodoro Villazón, its name was changed in honor of Pedro Domingo Murillo, protagonist of the revolution of June 16, 1809.

The province contains the Bolivian administrative capital, La Paz, as well as the major city of El Alto.
Johnson's parabolic formula
In structural engineering, Johnson's parabolic formula is an empirically based equation for calculating the critical buckling stress of a column. The formula was developed by John Butler Johnson in 1893 as an alternative to Euler's critical load formula under low slenderness ratio (the ratio of radius of gyration to effective length) conditions. The equation interpolates between the yield stress of the material and the critical buckling stress given by Euler's formula relating the slenderness ratio to the stress required to buckle a column.

Buckling refers to a mode of failure in which the structure loses stability. It is caused by a lack of structural stiffness. Placing a load on a long slender bar may cause a buckling failure before the specimen can fail by compression.

Failure cause
Failure causes are defects in design, process, quality, or part application, which are the underlying cause of a failure or which initiate a process which leads to failure. Where failure depends on the user of the product or process, then human error must be considered.
Czołowo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
Czołowo [t͡ʂɔˈwɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radziejów, within Radziejów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is located in the historic region of Kuyavia.

Czołowo was a royal village of the Kingdom of Poland, administratively located in the Radziejów County in the Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province.

Kuyavia
Kuyavia (Polish: Kujawy; Latin: Cuiavia), also referred to as Cujavia, is a historical region in north-central Poland, situated on the left bank of Vistula, as well as east from Noteć River and Lake Gopło. It is divided into three traditional parts: north-western (with the capital in Bydgoszcz), central (the capital in Inowrocław or Kruszwica), and south-eastern (the capital in Włocławek or Brześć Kujawski).
De Ficquelmont family
The de Ficquelmont  family is a noble family from Lorraine dating back to the 14th century whose filiation is established with Henry de Ficquelmont, a knight who died before 1386.

This family produced different branches in France, Austria, Belgium, and became extinct in 1948 in the male line with Louis-Charles de Ficquelmont de Vyle and in the female line in 1991 with countess Ghislaine de Ficquelmont de Vyle.

Thun
Thun (German pronunciation: [tuːn] ⓘ; French: Thoune [tun]) is a town and a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located where the Aare flows out of Lake Thun (Thunersee), 30 kilometres (19 miles) southeast of Bern.

As of December 2018 the municipality has about 45,000 inhabitants and around 80,000 live in the agglomeration.

Besides tourism, machine and precision instrument engineering, the largest garrison in the country, the food industry, armaments and publishing are of economic importance to Thun.

The official language of Thun is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.