hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Martha Black (art historian)
Martha Black (18 July 1945 – 7 January 2024) was a Canadian art historian who specialized in Northwest Coast art and issues in museum management and repatriation. Black authored a number of articles and a book on Heiltsuk and Nuu-chah-nulth art, and issues related to repatriation outside of the treaty process. She was the curator of the Indigenous Collection at the Royal British Columbia Museum.

Nuu-chah-nulth
The Nuu-chah-nulth (/nuːˈtʃɑːnʊlθ/ noo-CHAH-nuulth; Nuu-chah-nulth: Nuučaan̓ułʔatḥ [nuːt͡ʃaːnˀuɬʔatħ]), also formerly referred to as the Nootka, Nutka, Aht, Nuuchahnulth or Tahkaht, are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast in Canada. The term Nuu-chah-nulth is used to describe fifteen related tribes whose traditional home is on the west coast of Vancouver Island.

In precontact and early post-contact times, the number of tribes was much greater, but the smallpox epidemics and other consequences of contact with Europeans resulted in the disappearance of some groups and the absorption of others into neighbouring groups. The Nuu-chah-nulth are related to the Kwakwaka'wakw, the Haisla, and the Ditidaht First Nation. The Nuu-chah-nulth language belongs to the Wakashan family.

The governing body is the Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council.
Elina Avanesyan
Elina Araratovna Avanesyan (Armenian: Էլինա Արարատի Ավանեսյան; Russian: Элина Араратовна Аванесян; born 17 September 2002) is a Russian-born Armenian tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of No. 36, achieved on 17 March 2025 and a best doubles ranking of No. 163, achieved on 12 August 2024. She is currently the No. 1 singles player from Armenia.

Avanesyan has won five singles and nine doubles titles at tournaments of the ITF Circuit.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.
Salim ibn Ma'qil
Salim Mawla Abi Ḥudhayfah (Arabic: سَالِم مَوْلَىٰ أَبِي حُذَيْفَة, Sālim Mawlā ʾAbī Ḥuḏayfah) was a Persian, an early companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was described to be prominent and knowledgeable. He was named so since he was the freed slave of Abū Ḥudhayfah ibn 'Utba, see Mawla.

Mawla
Mawlā (Arabic: مَوْلَى; IPA: [maw.laː], plural mawālī مَوَالِي; [ma.waː.liː]), is a polysemous Arabic word, whose meaning varied in different periods and contexts.

Before the Islamic prophet Muhammad, the term applied to any form of tribal association.

In the Quran and hadiths it is used in multiple senses, including 'lord', 'guardian', and 'trustee'.

After Muhammad's death, the Umayyad dynasty accepted new converts to Islam into Arab-Muslim society and the word mawali gained currency as an appellation for converted non-Arab Muslims in the early Islamic caliphates.
Soudan 2019, année zéro
Soudan 2019, année zéro (transl. Sudan 2019, Year Zero) is a book about the Sudanese revolution, published in French in 2021. It contains descriptions, commentaries and photographs of the protestors' sit-in area during the weeks in May and June 2019 that led up to the Khartoum massacre. As additional visual documents, the book contains images by Sudanese documentary photographers, illustrating different stages and social backgrounds of the revolution up to the destruction of the sit-in by security forces on 3 June 2019.

Security forces
Security forces are statutory organizations with internal security mandates. In the legal context of several countries, the term has variously denoted police and military units working in concert, or the role of irregular military and paramilitary forces (such as gendarmerie) tasked with public security duties.
Stars Like Fleas
Stars Like Fleas is a Brooklyn-based band formed by multi-instrumentalist Shannon Fields and vocalist Montgomery Knott in the winter of 1998. Frequently compared to later Talk Talk and Robert Wyatt, their music blends avant-jazz and free improvisation with electronic textures and several overdubbed murmured vocal lines.

Avant-garde jazz
Avant-garde jazz (also known as avant-jazz, experimental jazz, or "new thing") is a style of music and improvisation that combines avant-garde art music and composition with jazz. It originated in the early 1950s and developed through the late 1960s. One of the earliest developments within avant-garde jazz was that of free jazz, and the two terms were originally synonymous. Much avant-garde jazz is stylistically distinct, however, in that it lacks free jazz's thoroughly improvised nature and is either fully or partially composed.
Classifier chains
Classifier chains is a machine learning method for problem transformation in multi-label classification. It combines the computational efficiency of the binary relevance method while still being able to take the label dependencies  into account for classification.

Relevance feedback
Relevance feedback is a feature of some information retrieval and recommender systems.  The idea behind relevance feedback is to take the results that are initially returned from a given query, to gather user feedback, and to use information about whether or not those results are relevant to perform a new query.  We can usefully distinguish between three types of feedback: explicit feedback, implicit feedback, and blind or "pseudo" feedback.
Santa Brigida, Lombardy
Santa Brigida is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Milan and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 623 and an area of 14.2 square kilometres (5.5 sq mi).

Santa Brigida borders the following municipalities: Averara, Cassiglio, Cusio, Gerola Alta, Olmo al Brembo.

Gerola Alta
Gerola Alta (Lombard: Geröla) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Sondrio.
Sulu köfte
Sulu köfte is a Turkish stew or thick soup (çorba) with köfte. It consists of meatballs usually made with minced beef, mixed with rice or bulgur, onion and spices and boiled in their own gravy, with tomato sauce, olive oil and Turkish red pepper paste.

A similar dish is called ekşili köfte or terbiyeli köfte, when made with egg-lemon (terbiye) sauce.

Gravy
Gravy is a sauce made from the juices of meats and vegetables that run naturally during cooking and often thickened with thickeners for added texture. The gravy may be further coloured and flavoured with gravy salt (a mix of salt and caramel food colouring) or gravy browning (gravy salt dissolved in water) or bouillon cubes. Powders can be used as a substitute for natural meat or vegetable extracts. Canned and instant gravies are also available. Gravy is commonly served with roasts, meatloaf, sandwiches, rice, noodles, fries (chips), mashed potatoes, or biscuits (North America; see biscuits and gravy).
Łodwigowo
Łodwigowo [wɔdviˈɡɔvɔ] (also referred to as Ludwikowice; Ludwigsdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grunwald, within Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 27 km (17 mi) south-east of Ostróda and 42 km (26 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is located in the historic region of Masuria.

Masuria
Masuria (Polish: Mazury [maˈzurɨ] ⓘ; Masurian: Mazurÿ; German: Masuren [maˈzuːʁən] ⓘ) is an ethnographic and geographic region in northern and northeastern Poland, known for its 2,000 lakes. Masuria occupies much of the Masurian Lake District. Administratively, it is part of the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship (administrative area/province). Its biggest city, often regarded as its capital, is Ełk. The region covers a territory of some 10,000 km2 which approximately 500,000 people inhabit.

Masuria is bordered by Warmia, Powiśle and Chełmno Land in the west, Mazovia in the south, Podlachia and Suwałki Region in the east, and Lithuania Minor in the north.
Pere Marquette Railway
The Pere Marquette Railway (reporting mark PM) was a railroad that operated in the Great Lakes region of the United States and southern parts of Ontario in Canada.  It had trackage in the states of Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and the Canadian province of Ontario. Its primary connections included Buffalo; Toledo; and Chicago. 
The company was named after Jacques Marquette, a French Jesuit missionary who founded Michigan's first European settlement, Sault Ste Marie.

Ludington, Michigan
Ludington (/ˈlʌdɪŋtən/ LUH-ding-tən) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat and the largest city in Mason County. The population was 7,655 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth largest city in the northern Michigan area.

The city is located at the mouth of the Pere Marquette River at Lake Michigan. Nearby are Ludington State Park (which includes the Big Sable Point Light), Nordhouse Dunes Wilderness, and Manistee National Forest, making the area a popular tourist destination in the summer. Ludington is the home port of the SS Badger, a vehicle and passenger ferry with daily service in the summer across Lake Michigan to Manitowoc, Wisconsin.
Mountain redbelly dace
The mountain redbelly dace (Chrosomus oreas) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, chubs and related fishes. It is found in mountain and Piedmont regions of the Atlantic slope of North America from the Shenandoah River in Virginia, to the Neuse River drainage in North Carolina and the upper New River drainage in West Virginia, Virginia, and North Carolina.

Chub
Chub is a common fish name.  It pertains to any one of a number of ray-finned fish in several families and general. In the UK, the term chub usually refers to the species Squalius cephalus. In addition, see sea chub.
Touchstone (metaphor)
As a metaphor, a touchstone is any physical or intellectual measure by which the validity or merit of a concept can be tested. It is similar in use to an acid test, or a litmus test in politics.

The word was introduced into literary criticism by Matthew Arnold in "Preface to the volume of 1853 poems" (1853) to denote short but distinctive passages, selected from the writings of the greatest poets, which he used to determine the relative value of passages or poems which are compared to them. Arnold proposed this method of evaluation as a corrective for what he called the "fallacious" estimates of poems according to their "historic" importance in the development of literature, or else according to their "personal" appeal to an individual critic.

Acid test
An acid test is a qualitative chemical or metallurgical assay utilizing acid. Historically, it often involved the use of a robust acid to distinguish gold from base metals. Figuratively, the term represents any definitive test for attributes, such as gauging a person's character or evaluating a product's performance.
SciRef
SciRef is an academic reference manager for Windows.  SciRef can retrieve references from sources like ScienceDirect, PubMed and any site supporting the export to RIS (file format). SciRef also is used to collect and manage related material, such as PDF files.  SciRef can format bibliographies in many common formats. SciRef directly works with Microsoft Word.

RIS (file format)
RIS is a standardized tag format developed by Research Information Systems, Incorporated (the format name refers to the company) to enable citation programs to exchange data. It is supported by a number of reference managers.  Many digital libraries, like Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, the ACM Portal, Scopemed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Rayyan, The Lens, Accordance Bible Software, and online library catalogs can export citations in this format. Citation management applications can export and import citations in this format.
Megget Water
Megget Water is a river in the parish of Yarrow, Selkirkshire in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland. The Water rises at Broad Law (2,760 ft), passes through Megget Reservoir and empties into St Mary's Loch. Places in the vicinity include Cappercleuch, Craigierig, Cramalt Tower, the Glengaber Burn, Meggethead Farm.

The Megget area, formerly a parish united with Lyne, Scottish Borders,  is of geological and archaeological interest, through stone artifacts at Henderland in the lower Megget valley (now in Wilton Lodge Museum, Hawick), and discoveries of gold.

A proclamation concerning gold mining in Scotland was made at Henderland in July 1576. Gold was property of the crown and was to be sold to the royal mint.

Mints of Scotland
The Scottish Mint was the Kingdom of Scotland's official maker of Scottish coinage. There were a number of mints in Scotland, for the production of the Scottish coinage with the most important mint being in the capital, Edinburgh, which was active from the reign of David I (1124–1153), and was the last to close, in the 19th century.
Abram Demaree House
The Abram Demaree House is a historic Dutch Colonial house located at 45 Old Hook Road in the borough of Closter in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The oldest part of the sandstone house was built from 1760 to 1769 by Abram Demaree. It was expanded in 1809 with a two-story  Federal style main section built by his son David A. Demaree. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 1, 1979, for its significance in architecture and exploration/settlement. It was listed as part of the Early Stone Houses of Bergen County Multiple Property Submission (MPS).

Closter, New Jersey
Closter (English pronunciation: /ˈkloʊstəɹ/ ⓘ) is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 8,594, an increase of 221 (+2.6%) from the 2010 census count of 8,373, which in turn reflected a decline of 10 (−0.1%) from the 8,383 counted in the 2000 census.
Jean-Emmanuel Nédra
Jean-Emmanuel Nédra (born 11 March 1993) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Golden Lion in the Martinique Championnat National and internationally for Martinique.

He made his debut for Martinique in 2012. He was in the Martinique Gold Cup squad for the 2017 tournament. He started in the defeat against Panama and the win against Nicaragua, also appearing as a substitute in the 3-2 defeat to the USA.

On 31 December 2022, Nédra and his girlfriend have been caught in Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris carrying luggages filled with 50.7 kg and 53 kg of cocaine.

2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup
The 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the 14th edition of the CONCACAF Gold Cup, the biennial international men's soccer championship of the North, Central American and Caribbean region organized by CONCACAF, and 24th CONCACAF regional championship overall. The tournament was played between July 7–26, 2017 in the United States.

The United States won their sixth title with their 2–1 victory over Jamaica in the final.
Soccer on TNT Sports
TNT Sports, on TNT, TBS, TruTV and HBO Max, have aired soccer matches in the United States since 1990. Currently, TNT Sports holds the rights to matches primarily featuring the USSF and the FIFA Club World Cup. Previously, matches from the FIFA World Cup, Women's United Soccer Association, UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League and Liverpool F.C. have been aired by TNT Sports.

Kevin Patrick Egan
Kevin Egan is an Irish sports broadcaster, TV personality and public speaker. Egan is known for his work covering global football, as well as his tenure in WWE. As of 2024, he is lead host for Apple TV+ flagship show 'MLS 360', and resides in the United States with his wife and two children.
Black (Dierks Bentley song)
"Black" is the title track from Dierks Bentley's album of the same name. It was sent to country radio on November 14, 2016, as the third single from the album.  The song was written by Bentley, Ross Copperman and Ashley Gorley. "Black" peaked at numbers two and four on both the Billboard Country Airplay and Hot Country Songs charts respectively. It also reached number 56 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It was certified 2× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and has sold 279,000 units in the United States as of May 2017. The song also charted in Canada, reaching number eight on the Country chart and number 74 on the Canadian Hot 100. The accompanying music video for the single, directed by Wes Edwards, was shot outside of Reykjavík, Iceland and featured Bentley's wife Cassidy.

Ashley Gorley
Ashley Gorley (born April 29, 1977) is an American songwriter, publisher, and producer from Danville, Kentucky, who is based in Nashville, Tennessee. Gorley has written 81 number 1 songs and has over 400 songs recorded by artists including Luke Bryan, Jason Aldean, Florida Georgia Line, Carrie Underwood, Blake Shelton, Bon Jovi, Nate Smith, Thomas Rhett, Jason Derulo, Kelsea Ballerini, Morgan Wallen, and Dan + Shay.
Vi Farrell
Violet Helen Maude Farrell (née Taylor; 20 August 1913 – 22 April 1989) was an English-born cricketer who represented New Zealand as a wicket-keeper. She played in three Test matches for New Zealand between 1948 and 1954 and also played domestic cricket for Wellington.

New Zealand women's national cricket team
The New Zealand women's national cricket team, nicknamed the White Ferns, represents New Zealand in international women's cricket. One of eight teams competing in the ICC Women's Championship (the highest level of international women's cricket), the team is organised by New Zealand Cricket, a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).

New Zealand made its Test debut in 1935, against England, becoming the third team to play at that level. With Australia and England, New Zealand is one of only three teams to have participated in all ten editions of the Women's Cricket World Cup. The team has made the final of the tournament on four occasions, winning in 2000 and placing second in in 1993, 1997, and 2009. At the Women's T20 World Cup, New Zealand were champions in 2024 and runners up in 2009 and 2010.
Leight
Leight is a surname. Notable persons with that surname include:

Mary Ann Leight Harris (born 1939), née Leight, American former field hockey player and coach

Valentine Leight (1837–?), builder and owner of the Valentine Leight General Store, which is on the National Register of Historic Places

Warren Leight (born 1957), Tony Award-winning playwright

Warren Leight
Warren Donald Leight (/laɪt/; born January 17, 1957) is an American playwright, screenwriter, film director and television producer.  He is best known for his work on Law & Order: Criminal Intent and Lights Out and as the showrunner for In Treatment and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. His play Side Man was a finalist for the 1999 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.
Francisco de Lucena
Francisco de Lucena (c. 1578 – 28 April 1643) was a Portuguese nobleman and King John IV's first Secretary of State (Head of Government), and the first after the Restoration War and end of the Iberian Union. He made many enemies during his term in office, and was rumoured to be fraternising with the Spanish Crown, which led to his imprisonment and, later, his execution.

Duke of Coimbra
Duke of Coimbra (Portuguese: Duque de Coimbra) was an aristocratic Portuguese title with the level of royal dukedom, that is, associated with the Portuguese royal house, created in 1415, by King John I of Portugal to his 2nd male son, Infante Pedro. Pedro was regent of the kingdom but he was killed in the domestic Battle of Alfarrobeira (1449).

None of their children inherited this title, which was granted much later to Pedro's great-grandson, Jorge, Duke of Coimbra, natural son of King John II of Portugal.
In Pharaoh's Army
In Pharaoh's Army: Memories of the Lost War is the second memoir by American writer Tobias Wolff, published on October 4, 1994.

The book chronicles the author's experiences as a US Army officer in the Vietnam War. Before beginning his year tour of duty proper in Vietnam, Wolff spent a year in Washington, D.C. learning the Vietnamese language; prior to that he had been trained as a paratrooper with Special Forces. Wolff was stationed with South Vietnamese Army soldiers near Mỹ Tho and he was present during the Communists' Tet Offensive. The memoir includes a recollection of that battle as well as vignettes of various personal experiences, both in and out of Vietnam.

The book picks up more or less where Wolff's first memoir, This Boy's Life: A Memoir, leaves off. It was a National Book Award finalist for non-fiction.

Paratrooper
A paratrooper or military parachutist is a soldier trained to conduct military operations by parachuting directly into an area of operations, usually as part of a large airborne forces unit. Traditionally paratroopers fight only as light infantry armed with small arms and light weapons, although some paratroopers can also function as artillerymen or mechanized infantry by utilizing field guns, infantry fighting vehicles and light tanks that are often used in surprise attacks to seize strategic positions behind enemy lines such as airfields, bridges and major roads.
Tangut (Unicode block)
Tangut is a Unicode block containing characters from the Tangut script, which was used for writing the Tangut language spoken by the Tangut people in the Western Xia Empire, and in China during the Yuan dynasty and early Ming dynasty.

Tangut characters do not have descriptive character names, but have names derived algorithmically from their code point value (e.g. U+17000 is named TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-17000).

Tangut people
The Tangut people (Tangut: 𗼎𗾧, mjɨ nja̱ or 𗼇𘓐, mji dzjwo; Chinese: 党項; pinyin: Dǎngxiàng; Tibetan: མི་ཉག་, Wylie: mi nyak; Mongolian: Тангуд) were a Sino-Tibetan people who founded and inhabited the Western Xia dynasty. The group initially lived under Tuyuhun authority, but later submitted to the Tang dynasty. After the collapse of Tang dynasty, the Tanguts established the Western Xia. They spoke the Tangut language, which initial research believed to be either of the Qiangic or Yi groups of the Tibeto-Burman family, later phylogenetic and historical linguistic accounts revealed that it belonged to the Gyalrongic branch of the Qiangic group. The Western Xia was annihilated by the Mongol Empire in 1227 AD, and most of its written records and architecture were destroyed. Today the Tangut language and its unique script are extinct; only fragments of Tangut literature remain.
Lodhwari
Lodhwari is a village in Rahi block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 12 km from Rae Bareli, the district headquarters, on the left bank of the Sai river. The road to Parshadepur runs through the northeastern part of the village lands. As of 2011, Lodhwari has a population of 10,592 people, in 2,019 households.

Raebareli
Raebareli (Hindi: Rāēbarēlī, pronounced [ɾaɛbəɾeliː] ⓘ) is a city in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Raebareli district, and a part of Lucknow Division and comes under the Uttar Pradesh State Capital Region (UP-SCR). The city is situated on the banks of the Sai River, and center of four metropolitan cities i.e. Lucknow, Prayagraj, Ayodhya, and Kanpur. It possesses many architectural features and sites, chief of which is a strong and spacious fort. As of 2011, Raebareli had a population of 191,316 people, in 35,197 households.
WRGY
WRGY (90.5 FM) is a radio station licensed to Rangeley, Maine, United States.  The station is currently owned by Tranet, a non-profit organization operated by David McMillan.  The station has studios on Main Street in Rangeley with transmitter atop Saddleback Mountain.

Rangeley, Maine
Rangeley is a town in Franklin County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,222 at the 2020 census. Rangeley is the center of the Rangeley Lakes Region, a resort area. The town includes the villages of Rangeley and Oquossoc, as well as the communities of Mooselookmeguntic, Bald Mountain, Mountainview, and South Rangeley.