hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ejinhoro Formation
The Ejinhoro Formation (simplified Chinese: 伊金霍洛组; traditional Chinese: 伊金霍洛組; pinyin: Yījīnhuòluò Zǔ) is a geological formation in Inner Mongolia, north China, whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous period (Barremian).

Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.

Barremian
The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 125.77 Ma (million years ago) and 121.4 ± 0.6 Ma (Historically, this stage was placed at 129.4 million to approximately 125 million years ago). It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous Epoch (or Lower Cretaceous Series). It is preceded by the Hauterivian and followed by the Aptian Stage.
Gallimore
Gallimore is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alec D. Gallimore, American aerospace engineer

Angie Gallimore, English footballer

Byron Gallimore, American record producer

Dan Gallimore (born 2003), English footballer

Eddie Gallimore (born 1964), American politician

George Gallimore (1886–1949), British footballer

Jamie Gallimore (born 1957), Canadian ice hockey player

Lesle Gallimore (born 1963), American soccer coach

María Gallimore (born 1989), Panamanian model

Neville Gallimore (born 1997), American football player

Neville Eden Gallimore, Jamaican politician

Stanley Gallimore (1910–1994), British footballer

Tony Gallimore (born 1972), British footballer

Neville Eden Gallimore
Neville Eden Gallimore CD is a Jamaican politician who served as a member of the Parliament of Jamaica for South West St. Ann for over 30 years. He is a member of the Jamaica Labour Party and a Seventh-day Adventist. While in office, he was known for his slogan "God first, Jamaica second and my party third."
Carol Henry (actor)
Carol Henry (July 14, 1918 – September 17, 1987) was an American character actor who played the parts of henchmen in Western films and television series throughout the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. He also served as a stunt man in various films although all his work in that field went uncredited.

Born in Oklahoma, he appeared in an episode of Sergeant Preston of the Yukon in 1955 as McClain, a murderer. In 1958 he appeared as a posse member in the TV western Tales of Wells Fargo in the episode titled "Butch Cassidy."

Carol Henry died in North Hollywood, aged 69.

Stunt performer
A stunt performer, often called a stuntman or stuntwoman and occasionally stuntperson or stunt-person, is a trained professional who performs daring acts, often as a career. Stunt performers usually appear in films or on television, as opposed to a daredevil, who performs for a live audience. When they take the place of another actor, they are known as stunt doubles.
Almendra Central
The Almendra Central (English: Central Almond) is a zone of Madrid comprising seven districts: Centro, Arganzuela, Retiro, Salamanca, Chamartín, Tetuán, and Chamberí, (even though, sometimes, the City Council of Madrid includes part of an eighth, Moncloa-Aravaca, specifically the Argüelles yard, all inside the M30 motorway.

Chamberí
Chamberí is a district of Madrid, Spain. It is further subdivided into six neighborhoods (Gaztambide, Arapiles, Trafalgar, Almagro, Ríos Rosas and Vallehermoso). The district junta is headquartered at the plaza de Chamberí. The current urban outline was born as part of the Ensanche plan drafted by Carlos María de Castro (approved in 1860).
Smith & Wesson Triple Lock
The Triple Lock, officially the Smith & Wesson .44 Hand Ejector 1st Model New Century, is a double-action revolver.  It was and is considered by many, including handgun enthusiast and expert Elmer Keith, to be the finest revolver ever made.

Its popular name refers to its extra (third) locking lug on the cylinder crane.  This extra locking mechanism was deemed necessary due to the increased power of the .44 Special cartridge (a lengthened .44 Russian and the parent of the .44 Magnum), first chambered in the Triple Lock.

.44 Russian
The .44 Russian / 10.9x24mmR, (commonly known as the .44 S&W Russian), is a black-powder center-fire metallic revolver cartridge developed and produced by Smith & Wesson in 1870. The .44 Russian design was the first use of an internally lubricated bullet in modern firearm ammunition.
Joe Wright (rugby league)
Joseph Wright (28 June 1908 – 1967) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s. He played at representative level for Great Britain and England, and at club level for Swinton, and as a prop, or second-row.

Swinton Lions
The Swinton Lions are a professional rugby league club based in Swinton, Greater Manchester, England, which competes in the RFL Championship. The club has won the Championship six times and three Challenge Cups. Before 1996, the club was known simply as Swinton RLFC.
David Prince Miller
David Prince Miller (1809–1873) was a Scottish showman and magician who founded several Adelphi Theatres in at least Glasgow, Coatbridge and Dumbarton.

Conceptual, he created the idea of reduced Shakespeare plays, creating plays which lasted twenty minutes, an idea later followed by the Reduced Shakespeare Company.

Dumbarton
Dumbarton (/dʌmˈbɑːrtən/; Scots: Dumbairton, Dumbartoun or Dumbertan; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Breatann [t̪um ˈpɾʲɛht̪ən̪ˠ] or Dùn Breatainn [t̪um ˈpɾʲɛht̪ɪɲ], meaning 'fort of the Britons') is a town in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland, on the north bank of the River Clyde where the River Leven flows into the Clyde estuary. In 2006, it had an estimated population of 19,990.

Dumbarton was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Strathclyde, and later the county town of Dunbartonshire.
Dumbarton Castle, on top of Dumbarton Rock, dominates the area. Dumbarton was a royal burgh between 1222 and 1975.

Dumbarton emerged from the 19th century as a centre for shipbuilding, glassmaking, and whisky production. However, these industries have since declined, and Dumbarton today is increasingly a commuter town for Glasgow 13 miles (21 km) east-southeast of it. Dumbarton F.C. is the local football club.
Denis Gulin
Denis Gulin is a Russian Paralympic athlete. He represented Russia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, United Kingdom and he won the gold medal in the men's triple jump F11 event.

He also competed at the 2012 IPC Athletics European Championships held in Stadskanaal, Netherlands winning the gold medal in the men's triple jump T11 event and the men's long jump F11 event.

2012 IPC Athletics European Championships
The 2012 IPC Athletics European Championships was a track and field competition for athletes with a disability open to International Paralympic Committee (IPC) affiliated countries within Europe. It was held in Stadskanaal, Netherlands and lasted from 23 to 28 June. The event was held in the Stadskanaal Stadium and was the last major European disability athletics event before the forthcoming 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. Approximately 550 athletes from 38 countries attended the games. Several countries used the Championships to finalise the remaining places for the Paralympics.
Evialina Laskevich
Evialina Jurjeŭna Laskevich (Belarusian: Эвяліна Юр’еўна Ласкевіч born 10 November 2004) is a Belarusian professional tennis player.

Laskevich has a career-high WTA singles ranking of 340, achieved on 29 July 2024. She also has a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 317, achieved on the same date.

Laskevich won her first bigger ITF title in April 2024, at the W50 event in Lopota, Georgia.

Napareuli, Telavi
Napareuli (Georgian: ნაფარეული) is a village in Telavi Municipality, Kakheti region, Georgia. It is located 25 km north of Telavi, at an altitude of about 420 m. The population was 2,003 inhabitants in 2014.

Napareuli is known for the appellation wine of the same name. Marble extracted from the local quarry has been used in the Leningrad and Warsaw Metros. There are as many as 8 churches in the village.
Washington, Connecticut
Washington is a rural town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, in the North Eastern region of the United States. The population was 3,646 at the 2020 census. Washington is known for its picturesque countryside, historic architecture, and active civic and cultural life. The town has strong ties to New York City, and is home to many cultural and business elites. The town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region.

Points of the compass
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each separated by 90 degrees, and secondarily divided by four ordinal (intercardinal) directions—northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest—each located halfway between two cardinal directions. Some disciplines such as meteorology and navigation further divide the compass with additional azimuths. Within European tradition, a fully defined compass has 32 "points" (and any finer subdivisions are described in fractions of points).

Compass points or compass directions are valuable in that they allow a user to refer to a specific azimuth in a colloquial fashion, without having to compute or remember degrees.
Wolfhampcote
Wolfhampcote is an abandoned village and civil parish in the English counties of Warwickshire and Northamptonshire, which it straddles. The civil parish is only in Warwickshire, with the entire eastern boundary with Northamptonshire clearly formed by the River Leam. This river also forms the boundary with Willoughby civil parish to the north.

Abandoned village
An abandoned village is a village that has, for some reason, been deserted. In many countries, and throughout history, thousands of villages have been deserted for a variety of causes. Abandonment of villages is often related to epidemic, famine, war, climate change, economic depressions, environmental destruction, or deliberate clearances.
Trachyceras
Trachyceras is a genus of ammonoid cephalopods belonging to the order Ceratitida. The type species is Trachyceras aon, which was first described by Georg zu Münster in 1834 as a species of Ceratites. The genus includes many species found in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, China, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, the Russian Federation, Slovenia, and the United States.

The family to which Trachyceras belongs, the Trachyceratidae, has more or less involute, highly ornamented shells and ceratitic to ammonitic sutures.

Ceratitida
Ceratitida is an order that contains almost all ammonoid cephalopod genera from the Triassic as well as ancestral forms from the Upper Permian, the exception being the phylloceratids which gave rise to the great diversity of post-Triassic ammonites.

Ceratitids overwhelmingly produced planospirally coiled discoidal shells that may be evolute with inner whorls exposed or involute with only the outer whorl showing. In a few later forms the shell became subglobular, in others, trochoidal or uncoiled. Sutures are typically ceratitic, with smooth saddles and serrate or digitized lobes. In a few the sutures are goniatitic while in others they are ammonitic.
Erigeron flagellaris
Erigeron flagellaris is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names trailing fleabane.

Erigeron flagellaris is widespread across much of western North America. It has been found in western Canada (Alberta + British Columbia), the western United States (primarily the Rocky Mountains and Intermountain regions) and northern Mexico (from Chihuahua east to Tamaulipas and south to Durango).

Erigeron flagellaris is a small perennial herb rarely more than 15 centimeters (8 inches) in height. Most of the leaves are clustered around the base of the stems. The plant reproduces by means of stolons, which are horizontal stems running along the surface of the ground, forming new roots and shoots at frequent intervals. Thus the plant can form extensive mats of clones. Each stem usually produces only 1 flower head per stem, though occasionally 2 or 3. Each head contains as many as 125 white ray florets surrounding numerous yellow disc florets.

Stolon
In biology, a stolon (/ˈstoʊlɒn/ ⓘ from Latin stolō, genitive stolōnis – "branch"), also known as a runner, is a horizontal connection between parts of an organism. It may be part of the organism, or of its skeleton. Typically, animal stolons are exoskeletons (external skeletons).
Wayne Smith (offensive lineman)
Wayne Anthony Smith (born November 17, 1979) is a Canadian former professional football offensive lineman who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) from 2004 to 2017. He was selected first overall by the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in the 2004 CFL draft and spent four seasons over two stints with the team. Smith won a Grey Cup championship with the Saskatchewan Roughriders in 2007. He was also a member of the Toronto Argonauts of the CFL and the Washington Redskins and Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). He announced his retirement in April 2017. He played college football at Appalachian State.

2004 CFL draft
The 2004 CFL draft took place on Wednesday, April 28, 2004. 53 players were chosen from among eligible players from Canadian Universities across the country, as well as Canadian players playing in the NCAA. Of the 53 draft selections, 35 players were drafted from Canadian Interuniversity Sport institutions.
Luduș massacre
The Luduș massacre occurred in the village of Luduș (Hungarian: Marosludas), in the Kingdom of Romania. Between 5 and 13 September 1944, on the outskirts of the village, the Royal Hungarian Army occupied the village and, with the help of natives, shot 15 Jews and 2 Romanians: Mihai Polac, Vilma Polac and their daughters Rozalia and Maria, Iosif Gluck and his daughter Rozalia, Mauriciu Fred, Ghizela Fred, Maria Kopstein, Adelca Izrael and the Haller sisters (Sarolta, Fani and Rozalia). The latter five were raped and subsequently murdered in the Haller sisters' home.

Following the recovery of the village, an investigation was started to find the culprits of the massacre. Investigations took place from 1945 to 1946. The Hungarian soldiers were never identified, but two natives, Bela Szabó and Elisabeta Bartha, were found guilty by the Romanian People's Tribunal in Cluj.

Royal Hungarian Army
The Royal Hungarian Army (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség, German: Königlich Ungarische Armee) was the name given to the land forces of the Kingdom of Hungary in the period from 1922 to 1945. Its name was inherited from the Royal Hungarian Honvéd which went under the same Hungarian title of Magyar Királyi Honvédség from 1867 to 1918. Initially restricted by the Treaty of Trianon to 35,000 men, the army was steadily upgraded during the 1930s and fought on the side of the Axis powers during World War II.
HMS Acheron (1911)
HMS Acheron was the name ship of the Acheron-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy. She is named after the River Acheron, believed in Greek Mythology to be a branch of the River Styx. She was the fifth ship of the Royal Navy to bear the name.

Acheron-class destroyer
The Acheron class (renamed the I class in October 1913) was a class of twenty-three destroyers of the British Royal Navy, all built under the 1910–11 Programme and completed between 1911 and 1912, which served during the First World War.  There was considerable variation between the design and construction of ships within this class, which should be considered as more of a post-build grouping than a homogeneous class.
Irish Times Debate
The Irish Times National Debating Championship is a debating competition for students in higher education in Ireland. It has been run since 1960, sponsored by The Irish Times. While most participants represent institutions in the Republic of Ireland, institutions in Northern Ireland are also eligible.

Supreme Court of Ireland
The Supreme Court of Ireland (Irish: Cúirt Uachtarach na hÉireann) is the highest judicial authority in Ireland. It is a court of final appeal and exercises, in conjunction with the Court of Appeal and the High Court, judicial review over Acts of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament). The Supreme Court also has appellate jurisdiction to ensure compliance with the Constitution of Ireland by governmental bodies and private citizens. It sits in the Four Courts in Dublin.
Francesco Palliola
Francesco Palliola, SJ (May 10, 1612 – January 29, 1648) was an Italian Jesuit priest and missionary in Mindanao, Philippines. Due to his missionary work and faith healings, the Diocese of Dipolog opened a cause for martyrdom on January 6, 2016, and was formally closed in September 2017 by Bishop Severo Caermare at the Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary Cathedral in Dipolog City.

The Vatican's Congregation for the Causes of Saints has declared as valid the investigation into the beatification process for a 16th-century Jesuit missionary who served in Mindanao.

Diocese of Dipolog
The Diocese of Dipolog (Latin: Dioecesis Dipologanae; Filipino: Diyosesis ng Dipolog; Cebuano: Diyosesis sa Dipolog; Spanish: Diócesis de Dipolog) is a Latin Church of the Catholic Church in the Philippines which comprises the civil province of Zamboanga del Norte. Erected in 1967 from the territory of the Archdiocese of Zamboanga, the diocese serves as a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Ozamis.

The seat of the diocese is the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary which is located at the center of the city of Dipolog of Zamboanga del Norte. The diocese celebrated its fiftieth anniversary in 2017. Since its creation the diocese has had three bishops. The current bishop is Severo Cagatan Caermare, the first native of the diocese to become its bishop.
Ministry of Justice (Armenia)
The Ministry of Justice of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի արդարադատության նախարարություն) is an Armenian government agency which possesses executive authority and executes policies of the Government of Armenia in sectors that are closely associated with laws and regulations. The ministry oversees the operations of the following agencies:

Compulsory Enforcement Service

Penitentiary Service

Probation Service

The ministry was founded in 1918 by the government of Hovhannes Kajaznuni of the newly-formed Republic of Armenia.

Hovhannes Kajaznuni
Hovhannes Kajaznuni or Katchaznouni (Armenian: Հովհաննես Քաջազնունի; 14 February 1868 – 15 January 1938) was an Armenian architect and politician who served as  the first prime minister of the First Republic of Armenia from 6 June 1918 to 7 August 1919. He was a member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation.
Yilmana Densa
Yilmana Densa (Amharic: ይልማና ዴንሳ "Yilma and Densa" formerly known as Adet) is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Mirab Gojjam Zone, Yilmana Densa is bordered on the south by Kuarit, on the southwest by Sekela, on the west by Mecha, on the north by Bahir Dar Zuria, on the east by the newly established district Gonji kolela. The major town in Yilmana Densa is Adet. The district is well known for its potential in teff production and known as the ocean homeland of Magna teff.

Amhara Region
The Amhara Region (Amharic: አማራ ክልል, romanized: Åmara Kilil), officially the Amhara National Regional State (Amharic: የአማራ ብሔራዊ ክልላዊ መንግሥት, romanized: yeämara bıħérawi kılılawi mengıct), is a regional state in northern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Amhara, Awi, Argobba, and Qemant people. Its capital is Bahir Dar which is the seat of the Regional Government of Amhara. Amhara is the site of the largest inland body of water in Ethiopia, Lake Tana (which is the source of the Blue Nile), Grand Renaissance Dam and Semien Mountains National Park (which includes Ras Dashan, the highest point in Ethiopia). Amhara is bordered by Sudan to the west and northwest and by these regions of Ethiopia: Tigray to the north, Afar to the east, Benishangul-Gumuz to southwest, and Oromia to the south. Towns and cities in Amhara include: Dessie, Gonder, Debre Birhan, Debre Tabor, Kombolcha, Weldiya, Debre Markos, Seqota, Kobo, and Metema. The Regions name is said to mean “noble” or “highland”.
John Melton Black
John Melton Black (1830–1919) was a pioneer of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Black ordered the expedition of Cleveland Bay to find a suitable site for a port and then established the Port of Townsville and the associated town of Townsville. He served for two terms as Mayor of Townsville.

Cleveland Bay (Queensland)
Cleveland Bay is a bay on the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia. It is part of the Coral Sea and, administratively, is within the City of Townsville.

Entrance to the bay is marked by the Cape Cleveland Light and in earlier years by the Bay Rock Light on Magnetic Island.
Klaus Praefcke
Klaus Praefcke (3 January 1933 – 20 November 2013) was a German chemist. He was born in Wustrow and studied in Berlin under the supervision of Alexander Schönberg. After completing his Ph.D. in 1963 and his habilitation in 1970, he became Professor of Organic Chemistry at Technische Universität Berlin in 1971. He stayed dedicated to the research until 1998 at the same institution.

Praefcke has published more than 300 scientific papers dedicated to organic synthesis. He is known for his contributions to preparative organic photochemistry as well as physics and chemistry of liquid crystals. Several novel types of liquid crystals have been synthesized by Praefcke for the first time.

Photochemistry
Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light. Generally, this term is used to describe a chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet (wavelength from 100 to 400 nm), visible (400–750 nm), or infrared radiation (750–2500 nm).

In nature, photochemistry is of immense importance as it is the basis of photosynthesis, vision, and the formation of vitamin D with sunlight. It is also responsible for the appearance of DNA mutations leading to skin cancers.

Photochemical reactions proceed differently than temperature-driven reactions. Photochemical paths access high-energy intermediates that cannot be generated thermally, thereby overcoming large activation barriers in a short period of time, and allowing reactions otherwise inaccessible by thermal processes.  Photochemistry can also be destructive, as illustrated by the photodegradation of plastics.
Olivier Philippaerts
Olivier Philippaerts (born 1993) is a Belgian show jumping rider. He is a native of Genk, Limburg, Belgium. He is the son of Ludo Philippaerts and twin brother of Nicola Philippaerts, both show jumping riders as well.

Together with his father and brother, and Olympic Gold Medal winner Jos Lansink, he finished third at the 2012 Piazza di Siena FEI Nations Cup of Italy. On 9 September 2012, he became the youngest rider ever to win the CN International Grand Prix at the 2012 CSIO Spruce Meadows 'Masters' Tournament.

2012 FEI Nations Cup
The 2012 FEI Nations Cup was the 2012 edition of the FEI Nations Cup, a premier international team Grand Prix show jumping competition run by the FEI. It was held at eight European venues from May 11 concluding in Dublin on August 17, 2012.
Germany retained the title they won in 2011.