hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pasanen
Pasanen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aukusti Pasanen (1902–1986), Finnish politician

Spede Pasanen (1930–2001), Finnish film director and producer, comedian, humorist, inventor and TV personality

Veijo Pasanen (1930–1988), Finnish actor, cousin of Spede Pasanen

Jari Pasanen (born 1964), Finnish-German professional ice hockey coach

Petri Pasanen (born 1980), Finnish former footballer

Veijo Pasanen
Veijo Antero Pasanen (14 October 1930 – 17 February 1988) was a Finnish actor. He was related to director and inventor Pertti "Spede" Pasanen.

Pasanen is perhaps best remembered for his role as Pelle Hermanni (Herman the Clown) in the children's TV series Pikku Kakkonen. In 1988, Pelle Hermanni's "äitiliini" ("dear old mother") Raili Veivo continued the series, but died a few years after Pasanen. In 1992, a new series starring Tommi Auvinen as clown-in-training Niko was started as a successor of Pelle Hermanni, but the series was discontinued after ten episodes.

Pasanen was a good friend of children and is said to have practiced children's plays more intensively than adult drama. He was a distant cousin of Pertti "Spede" Pasanen.

He has one child with his wife Marjatta Lilja.
Tanypodinae
Tanypodinae is a subfamily of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae). The larvae are generally carnivorous and their mouthparts are adapted for predation on small invertebrates (including other chironomid larvae) although 1st and 2nd instar larvae also feed on algae.

Jean-Jacques Kieffer
Jean-Jacques Kieffer (1857 in Guinkirchen – 1925 in Bitche) was a French naturalist and entomologist who specialised in the study of parasitic insects. Educated as a priest, Kieffer taught natural science in Bitche, Lorraine while working on the description and classification of insects. His work and publications later became a predominant source of description  and classification for entomologists in the early 20th century, in particular with regard to parasitoid wasps, midges, and mosquitos.

He collaborated with the English entomologist Peter Cameron.

Kieffer received an honorary Doctor honoris causa degree from the University of Strasbourg in 1904.
Double plural
A double plural is a plural form to which an extra suffix has been added, mainly because the original plural suffix (or other variation) had become unproductive and therefore irregular. So the form as a whole was no longer seen as a plural, an instance of morphological leveling. For example, if "geese" (the plural) became the word for "goose" (the singular) in a future version of English, a word geeses might become the licit plural form. Likewise, "peoples" in English currently means "nations or ethnic groups" but is sometimes used informally as a plural of "person" (eg, "these peoples standing here").

Productivity (linguistics)
In linguistics, productivity is the degree to which speakers of a language use a particular grammatical process, especially in word formation. It compares grammatical processes that are in frequent use to less frequently used ones that tend towards lexicalization. Generally the test of productivity concerns identifying which grammatical forms would be used in the coining of new words: these will tend to only be converted to other forms using productive processes.
Miki Uemura
Miki Uemura (上村 美揮, Uemura Miki; born (1986-03-06)6 March 1986) is a Japanese former artistic gymnast and part of the national team.

She participated at the 2008 Summer Olympics. She also competed at world championships, including the 2009 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in London, Great Britain.

2009 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 41st World Artistic Gymnastics Championships was held at The O2 Arena in London from 12 to 18 October 2009. Similar to the 2005 World Championships, there were no team competitions. Individual all-around and event finals were contested.
Battlestar Galactica: Blood & Chrome
Battlestar Galactica: Blood & Chrome is a prequel to the reimagined Battlestar Galactica series and is the latest installment in the franchise. It was a web-series that became a pilot for a possible series chronicling the early adventures of a young William Adama, but the series was not picked up. It stars Luke Pasqualino, Ben Cotton, and Lili Bordán. Michael Taylor wrote the teleplay from a story by Taylor, David Eick, Bradley Thompson and David Weddle, with Jonas Pate as director. Distribution of Blood & Chrome began as a 10-episode online series in conjunction with Machinima.com on November 9, 2012 (2012-11-09), and also aired as a television film on February 10, 2013 (2013-02-10) on Syfy.

Prequel
A prequel is a literary, dramatic or cinematic work whose story precedes that of a previous work, by focusing on events that occur before the original narrative. A prequel is a work that forms part of a backstory to the preceding work.

The term "prequel" is a 20th-century neologism from the prefix "pre-" (from Latin prae, "before") and "sequel".

Like sequels, prequels may or may not concern the same plot as the work from which they are derived. More often they explain the background that led to the events in the original, but sometimes the connections are not completely explicit. Sometimes prequels play on the audience's knowledge of what will happen next, using deliberate references to create dramatic irony.
Canton of Sancergues
The Canton of Sancergues is a former canton situated in the Cher département in the Centre Region region of France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 18 communes, which joined the new canton of Avord in 2015. It had 7,530 inhabitants (2012).

Canton of Avord
The canton of Avord is an administrative division of the Cher department, in central France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Avord.

It consists of the following communes:
Volovsky District
Volovsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia.

Volovsky District, Lipetsk Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Lipetsk Oblast

Volovsky District, Tula Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Tula Oblast

Tula Oblast
Tula Oblast (Russian: Ту́льская о́бласть, romanized: Tulʹskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically located in European Russia and is administratively part of the Central Federal District, covering an area of 25,700 square kilometers (9,900 sq mi). It has a population of 1,553,925 (2010 census). Tula is the largest city and the administrative center of the oblast.

Tula Oblast borders Moscow Oblast in the north, Ryazan in the east, Lipetsk in the southeast, Oryol in the southwest, and Kaluga in the west. Tula Oblast is one of the most developed and urbanized territories in Russia, and the majority of the territory forms the Tula-Novomoskovsk Agglomeration, an urban area with a population of over 1 million.
Willman
Willman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allan Arthur Willman (1909–1989), American composer, classical pianist, music department chairman at the University of Wyoming

Beth Willman (contemporary), American astronomer

Bradley Willman (born 1980), Canadian anti-pedophile activist

David Willman (born 1956), American Pulitzer prize-winning journalist

Elvira Willman (1875–1925), Finnish playwright, journalist and a revolutionary socialist

Hedvig Willman (1841–1887), Swedish stage actor and opera singer

Max Willman (born 1995), American ice hockey player

Noel Willman (1918–1988), British actor and theater director

Regina Willman (1914-1965) American composer

Tony Willman (1907–1941), American race car driver

Hedvig Willman
Hedvig Charlotta Konstantina Willman née Harling (18 July 1841 – 15 August 1887) was a Swedish stage actor, opera singer and drama teacher. She was co-principal of the Royal Dramatic Training Academy in 1877-86.
Citizens' Footprint Movement
The Citizens' Footprint Movement (Movimiento Huella Ciudadana) is a conservative political party in Colombia. In the 2002 legislative elections, the party won, as one of the many small parties, parliamentary representation.

2002 Colombian parliamentary election
Congressional elections were held in Colombia on 10 March 2002 to elect the Senate and Chamber of Representatives. The Liberal Party remained the largest party but lost its majority in both houses, winning 56 of the 166 seats in the Chamber and 29 of the 102 seats in the Senate.
Repeal of Certain Scotch Acts 1707
The Repeal of Certain Scottish Acts (6 Ann. c. 36) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain that repealed of several acts originating in the Scottish and English parliaments, supplementing the Acts of Union 1707.

The acts repealed included the Act of Security 1704 (c.3 (S)) and the Peace and War Act 1703 (c. 6) (S)).

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
Tscherniak-Einhorn reaction
The Tscherniak-Einhorn reaction is an organic chemistry name reaction initiated in 1901 by Joseph Tscherniak. It involves the condensation of N- hydroxymethylphthalimide with varied aromatic compounds. This process was later expanded upon in 1905 by Alfred Einhorn to include the condensation of N- hydroxymethylchloroacetamide and benzoic or cinnamic acid.

Alfred Einhorn
Alfred Einhorn (27 February 1856 – 21 March 1917) was a German chemist most notable for first synthesizing procaine in 1905 which he patented under the name Novocain.  Until that time the primary anesthetic in use was cocaine, however its undesirable side effects (including toxicity and addiction) led scientists to seek out newer anesthetic drugs.
Novocain was found to be comparatively safe and effective, although its anesthetic effects were weaker than cocaine and some patients proved highly allergic.  However, none of the other anesthetics developed during this period proved more effective and Novocain quickly became the standard local anesthesia.  Although its use has largely been replaced by lidocaine, it is still in use today, most frequently in dentistry.
Amherstburg Royal Naval Dockyard
Amherstburg Royal Naval Dockyard was a Provincial Marine and then a Royal Navy yard from 1796 to 1813 located at Fort Amherstburg, Upper Canada, (now Amherstburg, Ontario) situated on the Detroit River. The yard comprised blockhouses, storehouses, magazine, wood yard and wharf. The yard was established in 1796 to support the Upper Canada Provincial Marine after Great Britain ceded a pre-existing shipyard on the Detroit River to the United States. Amherstburg Royal Naval Dockyard constructed four warships for the Lake Erie detachment of the Provincial Marine before and during the War of 1812. In 1813 the dockyard was abandoned and destroyed when the British retreated and never reopened. In 1928, the site was designated a National Historic Site of Canada.

Magazine (artillery)
A magazine is an item or place within which ammunition or other explosive material is stored. The word is taken originally from the Arabic word makhāzin (مخازن), meaning "storehouses", via Italian and Middle French.

The term is also used for an ammunition dump, a place where large quantities of ammunition are stored for later distribution. This usage is less common.
Draco Racing
International Draco Racing was a motorsport team. It was most well known for operating in the World Series by Renault, but had also taken part in Formula Opel Lotus, International Formula 3000 and Euro Formula 3000.

International Formula 3000
The Formula 3000 International Championship was a motor racing series created by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) in 1985 to become the final preparatory step for drivers hoping to enter Formula One. Formula Two had become too expensive, and was dominated by works-run cars with factory engines; the hope was that Formula 3000 would offer quicker, cheaper, more open racing. The series began as an open specification, then tyres were standardized from 1986 onwards, followed by engines and chassis in 1996. The series ran annually until 2004, and was replaced in 2005 by the GP2 Series.

The series was staged as the Formula 3000 European Championship in 1985, as the Formula 3000 Intercontinental Championship in 1986 and 1987 and then as the Formula 3000 International Championship from 1988 to 2004.
Ajana
Ajana is a townsite within the Shire of Northampton in Western Australia. It is located at the junction of Ajana-Kalbarri Road and Ajana Back Road, 53 kilometres (33 mi) by road north of Northampton, 61 kilometres (38 mi) by road southwest of Kalbarri, and 531 kilometres (330 mi) west-northwest of Perth in the Mid West region.

The name Ajana is Aboriginal in origin and is thought to be either the Nanda name for the area or to be derived from a similar word meaning "mine".

Mid West (Western Australia)
The Mid West region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia.  It is a sparsely populated region extending from the west coast of Western Australia, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) north and south of its administrative centre of Geraldton and inland to 450 kilometres (280 mi) east of Wiluna in the Gibson Desert.

It has a total area of 285,497 square kilometres (110,231 sq mi), and a permanent population of about 54,000 people, more than half of those in Geraldton.
Sungai Buloh Hospital
Sungai Buloh Hospital (HSB; Malay: Hospital Sungai Buloh) is a secondary and tertiary services rural general hospital located in Sungai Buloh, Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. The hospital covers an area of 130 acres. The main complex of the hospital with approximately 141,000 square feet (13,100 m2) of gross built-up. The hospital serves the districts of Gombak, Petaling and Kuala Selangor with a combined population of more than 2.80 million.

Kuala Selangor District
The Kuala Selangor District is a district in Selangor, Malaysia. It has a total landmass of 1,194.52 square kilometres (461 sq mi) separated by Selangor River into two division, Tanjung Karang and Kuala Selangor. The district boundary is shared with Sabak Bernam at the north, Hulu Selangor and Gombak at the west, Petaling at the southwest and Klang at the south.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-butylamphetamine
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-butylamphetamine (DOBU) is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families related to DOM. It is the derivative of DOM in which the methyl group at the 4 position has been replaced with a butyl group. The drug is taken orally.

It acts as a serotonin receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. The drug produces psychedelic-like effects in animals.

DOBU was first described in the literature by Alexander Shulgin in 1970. Subsequently, it was described in greater detail by Shulgin in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved).

Butyl group
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula −C4H9, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane.

The isomer n-butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups:

If it connects at one of the two terminal carbon atoms, it is normal butyl or n-butyl: −CH2−CH2−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butyl)

If it connects at one of the non-terminal (internal) carbon atoms, it is secondary butyl or sec-butyl: −CH(CH3)−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butan-2-yl)

The second isomer of butane, isobutane, can also connect in two ways, giving rise to two additional groups:

If it connects at one of the three terminal carbons, it is isobutyl: −CH2−CH(CH3)2 (preferred IUPAC name: 2-methylpropyl)

If it connects at the central carbon, it is tertiary butyl, tert-butyl or t-butyl: −C(CH3)3 (preferred IUPAC name: tert-butyl)
Outwood Academy Brumby
Outwood Academy Brumby (formerly Brumby Comprehensive School and Brumby Engineering College), is a mixed secondary school with academy status, in Scunthorpe (Brumby), North Lincolnshire, England.

The school had an enrolment of 627 pupils in 2016, with a comprehensive admissions policy, having adopted the local authority policy. It is operated by Outwood Grange Academies Trust, and the current principal is Mr. Darren Smith.

Scunthorpe
Scunthorpe (/ˈskʌnθɔːrp/) is an industrial town in Lincolnshire, England, and the county's third most populous settlement after Lincoln and Grimsby, with a population of 81,286 in 2021. It is the administrative centre and largest settlement of the North Lincolnshire district. Scunthorpe lies north of Lincoln and is between Grimsby to the east and Doncaster to the west, while Hull is to the north-east via the Humber Bridge.
Brandt Snedeker
Brandt Newell Snedeker (born December 8, 1980) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. He won the 2012 FedEx Cup with a victory in the Tour Championship at East Lake Golf Club. Following this victory, he moved into the top ten of the Official World Golf Ranking for the first time in his career. In February 2013, after winning the AT&T Pebble Beach National Pro-Am, he moved to a career high of number four in the world. On August 16, 2018, he shot the tenth sub-60 round in the history of the PGA Tour, firing an opening round 59 at the Wyndham Championship.

2012 PGA Tour
The 2012 PGA Tour was the 97th season of the PGA Tour, the main professional golf tour in the United States. It was also the 44th season since separating from the PGA of America, and the sixth edition of the FedEx Cup.
Abild
Abild (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɑ̂ːbɪld]) is a village and parish in Falkenberg Municipality, Sweden. The parish is a part of Slöinge rectory. Abild is first mentioned in writing in 1431, it was then written Apulde. The origin of the name is probably the old Hallandic word for wild apples, apuld. Hjuleberg Mansion is located within the parish.

Slöinge
Slöinge is a locality situated in Falkenberg Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 950 inhabitants in 2010.

Archeological excavations has revealed a chieftain estate from the 8th century; among the remains is a large number of golden figures.

Two comparatively large companies, SIA Glass and Berte Quarn, have their headquarters in the village.

The 1971 World Table Tennis Championships singles champion Stellan Bengtsson was born in Slöinge.
Indie art
Indie art, a shortened form of independent art is art produced by artists independent of the mainstream commercial fine arts market, which includes such institutions as art auctions, art dealers, and major art galleries. Galleries featuring indie art also exist.

The term "indie art" is a parallel construction, following independent music's more commonly used, shortened name, indie music, and is similar in concept to other related terms like indie game, indie role-playing game and indie design.

Indie role-playing game
An indie role-playing game is a role-playing game published by individuals or small press publishers, in contrast to games published by large corporations. Indie tabletop role-playing game designers participate in various game distribution networks, development communities, and gaming conventions, both in person and online. Indie game designer committees grant annual awards for excellence.

In the early 2000s, indie role-playing discussion forums such as The Forge developed innovative design patterns and theories. In 2010, the game Apocalypse World established the popular design framework Powered by the Apocalypse, inspiring hundreds of similar games. Starting in the early 2010s, indie game publishing provided new opportunities for LGBTQ writers to share underrepresented stories.

Common examples of indie role-playing games include Apocalypse World and the Powered by the Apocalypse framework, The Quiet Year, Fiasco, Fall of Magic, Blades in the Dark, and Dialect.
上谷
上谷 could refer to:

Kamiya, Japanese surname

Sanggok Ma clan, Korean clan

Shanggu Commandery, a commandery of ancient China, located in modern-day Hebei and Beijing

Shanggu Township, a township in Chengde County, Hebei, China

Chengde County
Chengde County (simplified Chinese: 承德县; traditional Chinese: 承德縣; pinyin: Chéngdé Xiàn) is a county in the northeast of Hebei province, People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of the Chengde City.
791 Ani
791 Ani (prov. designation: A914 MB or 1914 UV) is a very large asteroid of the Meliboea family, located in the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 29 June 1914, by Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The dark carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 11.2 hours and measures approximately 65.7 × 103.5 kilometers, with a mean diameter of 100 km (62 mi). It was named after the historic Armenian city of Ani.

Grigory Neujmin
Grigory Nikolayevich Neujmin (Russian: Григорий Николаевич Неуймин; 3 January 1886 [O.S. 22 December 1885] – 17 December 1946) was a Georgian–Russian astronomer, native of Tbilisi in Georgia, and a discoverer of numerous minor planets as well as 6 periodic and a hyperbolic comet at the Pulkovo and Simeiz Observatories during the first half of the 20th century.
Non-carious cervical lesions
Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are a group of lesions that are characterised by a loss of hard dental tissue at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) region at the neck of the tooth, without the action of microorganisms or inflammatory processes.  These lesions vary in shape from regular depressions that look like a dome or a cup, to deep wedge-shaped defects with the apex pointing inwards. NCCLs can occur either above or below the level of the gum, at any of the surfaces of the teeth.

Dentin hypersensitivity
Dentin hypersensitivity (DH, DHS) is dental pain which is sharp in character and of short duration, arising from exposed dentin surfaces in response to stimuli, typically thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic, chemical or electrical; and which cannot be ascribed to any other dental disease.

A degree of dentin sensitivity is normal, but pain is not usually experienced in everyday activities like drinking a cooled drink. Therefore, although the terms dentin sensitivity and sensitive dentin are used interchangeably to refer to dental hypersensitivity, the latter term is the more accurate.
Anne Dejean-Assémat
Anne Dejean-Assémat (born 6 January, 1957) is a French molecular biologist working on the mechanisms leading to the development of human cancers. Professor at the Pasteur Institute and Research Director at Inserm, she heads the laboratory of Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis at the Pasteur Institute.

Pasteur Institute
The Pasteur Institute (French: Institut Pasteur, pronounced [ɛ̃stity pastœʁ]) is a French non-profit private foundation dedicated to the study of biology, micro-organisms, diseases, and vaccines. It is named after Louis Pasteur, who invented pasteurization and vaccines for anthrax and rabies. The institute was founded on 4 June 1887 and inaugurated on 14 November 1888.

For over a century, the Institut Pasteur has researched infectious diseases. This worldwide biomedical research organization based in Paris was the first to isolate HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, in 1983. It has also been responsible for discoveries that have enabled medical science to control diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus, tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, influenza, yellow fever, and plague.

Since 1908, ten Institut Pasteur scientists have been awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine and physiology—the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was shared between two Pasteur scientists.