hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ayya (river)
The Ayya (Russian: Айя) is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a left tributary of Kolva which in turn is a tributary of Vishera. The river is 19 kilometres (12 mi) long. It flows into the Kolva at a point 246 kilometres (153 mi) from Kolva's mouth.

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
The Attack (band)
The Attack were an English freakbeat/psychedelic rock band formed in 1966 around singer Richard Shirman (26 April 1949, Earl's Court, South West London – 26 July 2017). The first line-up featured drummer Alan Whitehead from Marmalade, guitarist and trumpeter David O'List (later of the Nice) - later replaced by John Du Cann (later of Andromeda and Atomic Rooster), Richard Shirman on vocals, Bob Hodges on piano and organ and finally Gerry Henderson on bass. Their first single "Try It" had also been recorded by the Standells and Ohio Express. They also released a version of "Hi Ho Silver Lining", a few days earlier than Jeff Beck. Richard Shirman was invited to be singer with Andromeda but he declined.

In 1979, Shirman reunited the Attack. Two years later he founded another band, Hershey and the 12 Bars who released an album in 2000; Greatest Hits Volume II (A New Day Records, AND CD43).

The Standells
The Standells are an American garage rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in the 1960s, who have been referred to as a "punk band of the 1960s", and are said to have inspired such groups as the Sex Pistols and Ramones. They recorded the 1966 hit "Dirty Water", written by their producer, Ed Cobb. (Ed Cobb also wrote "Tainted Love", a Gloria Jones song which became world famous when Soft Cell covered it.) "Dirty Water" is the anthem of several Boston sports teams and is played following every Boston Red Sox and Boston Bruins home win.
Jack Forrest (judge)
John Herbert Lytton Jack Forrest is a justice of the Trial Division of the Supreme Court of Victoria, Australia since 2007. His father (chief judge James Forrest of the County Court) and brother Terry Forrest (also a current justice of the Supreme Court) also worked for the State of Victoria.

Supreme Court of Victoria
The Supreme Court of Victoria is the highest court in the Australian state of Victoria. Founded in 1852, it is a superior court of common law and equity, with unlimited and inherent jurisdiction within the state.

The Supreme Court comprises two divisions: the Trial Division, which oversees its original jurisdiction, and the Court of Appeal, which deals with its appellate jurisdiction, and is frequently referred to as a court in its own right. Although the Supreme Court is theoretically vested with unlimited jurisdiction, it generally only hears, at trial, criminal cases in instances of murder, manslaughter or treason, and civil cases where the statement of claim is in excess of the Magistrates' Court limit of $100,000.

The court hears appeals from the County Court, as well as limited appeals from the Magistrates' Court. Decisions of the Supreme Court are appealable to the High Court of Australia.

The building itself is on the Victorian Heritage Register.
Cosmic space
In mathematics, particularly topology, a cosmic space is any topological space that is a continuous image of some separable metric space. Equivalently (for regular T1 spaces but not in general), a space is cosmic if and only if it has a countable network; namely a countable collection of subsets of the space such that any open set is the union of a subcollection of these sets.

Cosmic spaces have several interesting properties. There are a number of unsolved problems about them.

Subset
In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if and only if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment). A is a subset of B may also be expressed as B includes (or contains) A or A is included (or contained) in B. A k-subset is a subset with k elements.

When quantified,  is represented as

One can prove the statement  by applying a proof technique known as the element argument:

Let sets A and B be given. To prove that 
suppose that a is a particular but arbitrarily chosen element of A
show that a is an element of B.

The validity of this technique can be seen as a consequence of universal generalization: the technique shows  for an arbitrarily chosen element c. Universal generalisation then implies  which is equivalent to  as stated above.
Shashogo
Shashogo is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Hadiya Zone, Shashogo is bordered on the south by the Kembata Tembaro Zone, on the west by Limo, on the northwest by Ana Lemo, on the northeast by the Silt'e Zone, and on the southeast by the Alaba special woreda.

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
Monica Grefstad
Monica Grefstad Frøynes (née Grefstadt, born 12 October 1964) is a retired Norwegian athlete who competed mainly in the 100 metres hurdles. She represented Norway at the World Championships in 1993 and 1995, and at the World Indoor Championships in 1995 and 1997. Her personal bests of 13.09 seconds in the 100 metres hurdles (Oslo 1994) and 8.06 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (Paris 1994), are former Norwegian records.

World Athletics Indoor Championships
The World Athletics Indoor Championships are a biennial indoor track and field competition served as the global championship for that version of the sport. Organised by the World Athletics, the competition was inaugurated as the World Indoor Games in 1985 in Paris, France and were subsequently renamed to IAAF World Indoor Championships in 1987. The current name was adapted with the name change of the sports governing body in 2019.

They have been held every two years except for when they were held in consecutive years 2003 and 2004 to facilitate the need for them to be held in alternate years to the outdoor World Athletics Championships in the future, and in 2024, 2025, and 2026. The Championships due to be held in China in 2020 were postponed because of the COVID pandemic, as were the attempted running of the China edition in then 2021 and 2023, eventually being scheduled for 2025. Two standard editions of the Championships were held in 2022 and 2024.
Kuru-Köl Forest Reserve
The Kuru-Köl Forest Reserve (Kyrgyz: Куру-Көл токой заказниги, also Курукол Kurukol) is located in the Ala-Buka rural community, Ala-Buka District, Jalal-Abad Region, Kyrgyzstan. It was established in 1975 with a purpose of conservation of Schrenk's Spruce (Picea schrenkiana). Among other trees growing in the forest reserve are wild ash, maple, hawthorn, barberry, etc.  The forest reserve occupies 348 hectares.

Picea schrenkiana
Picea schrenkiana, Schrenk's spruce, or Asian spruce, is a spruce native to the Tian Shan mountains of Central Asia (in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) and also to western China (Xinjiang). It grows at elevations of 1,200–3,500 m (3,900–11,500 ft), usually in pure forests, sometimes mixed with the Tien Shan variety of Siberian fir (Abies sibirica var. semenovii). Its name was given in honour of Alexander von Schrenk (1816–1876).
Sand Van Roy
Sand Van Roy is a Dutch actress and advocate for victims of sexual violence.

Born in Heerlen, Netherlands, daughter of two general practitioners, she moved to Paris at the age of 17. She worked as a model before turning to comedy.

Practising stand-up, she opened for Mathieu Madénian and Gad Elmaleh. She was involved in the launch of Funny Bones, an English language YouTube channel. She since appeared in supporting roles in two EuropaCorp productions.

Gad Elmaleh
Gad Elmaleh (Arabic: جاد المالح, Gād el-Māleḥ; born 19 April 1971) is a Moroccan-Canadian stand-up comedian and actor. Best known in the French-speaking world, he has notably achieved fame in France, Morocco, and the United States.

He has starred in several feature films, including Coco, Priceless, La Doublure and Midnight in Paris. Voted the funniest person in France, he was named knight of the Order of Arts and Letters by the Minister of Culture; he was also named knight of the National Order of Quebec. In 2015 and 2018, Elmaleh did national comedy tours across the United States. In 2019, he starred in the Netflix series Huge in France.
M. Moorthy
Moorthy Maniam (Tamil: மூர்த்தி மணியம்), simply known as M. Moorthy, was a corporal in the Malaysian Army and a member of the first group of Malaysians to successfully climb Mount Everest. He was a Malaysian Indian, born and raised Hindu.

Timeline of Mount Everest expeditions
Mount Everest is the world's highest mountain, with a peak at 8,848.86 m (29,031 ft 8+1⁄2 in) above sea level. It is situated in the Himalayan range of Solukhumbu district (Province 1 in present days), Nepal.
Polyphonie X
Polyphonie X (1950–51) is a three-movement composition by Pierre Boulez for eighteen instruments divided into seven groups, with a duration of roughly fifteen minutes. Following the work's premiere, Boulez withdrew the score, stating that it suffered from "theoretical exaggeration". (In a 1974 interview, he referred to it as a "document" rather than a "work".) Despite Boulez's dissatisfaction with the piece, it played a key role in his development: one writer called it "the linchpin connecting Boulez's early mastery of gesture and contour... with his later interest in large
ensembles and grand forms", his "brave 'first attempt' to produce a work that exhausted a particular musical technique with large orchestral forces by developing an expansive, additive structure at the earliest stages of composition", and "one of the purest representations of Boulez's first turn toward integral serialism".

Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra
The Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra (also known in English as the SWR Baden-Baden Freiburg Symphony Orchestra and in German as the Sinfonieorchester des Südwestrundfunks) was a German radio orchestra located in the German cities of Baden-Baden and Freiburg.
Gulveer Singh
Gulveer Singh (born 1 June 1998) is an Indian long-distance runner. He is the current Asian champion in the 10,000 m and 5000 m, having won gold medals in both events at the 2025 Asian Championships. Singh also secured a bronze medal in the 10,000 m at the 2022 Asian Games and a bronze in the 5000 m at the 2023 Asian Championships.

2022 Asian Games
The 2022 Asian Games (2022年亚洲运动会), officially the 19th Asian Games (第十九届亚洲运动会) and also known as Hangzhou 2022 (杭州2022), were a continental multi-sport event which was held from 23 September to 8 October 2023 in Hangzhou, China. The games marked the 110th anniversary since the creation of the first continental event, starting with the 1913 Far Eastern Championship Games.

Originally scheduled to take place from 10 to 25 September 2022, on 6 May 2022 the Games were postponed to 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The new dates were announced on 19 July 2022, with the Games remaining branded as Hangzhou 2022. Hangzhou was the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games, after Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.
Ógra Shinn Féin
Ógra Shinn Féin (colloquially known as Republican Youth, Irish: Óige Phoblachtach, and formerly, officially known as Sinn Féin Republican Youth, Irish: Sinn Féin Óige Phoblachtach, from 2012 to March 2018) is the youth wing of the Irish political party Sinn Féin. Ógra Shinn Féin is active and organised throughout the island of Ireland.

Upon its establishment in 1997 it was originally known as Sinn Féin Youth; it changed to Ógra Shinn Féin in 1998. A number of Sinn Féin's elected representatives are also members of Ógra Shinn Féin.

Warrenpoint
Warrenpoint is a small port town and civil parish in County Down, Northern Ireland. It sits at the head of Carlingford Lough, south of Newry, and is separated from the Republic of Ireland by a narrow strait. The town is beside the village of Rostrevor and is overlooked by the Mournes and Cooley Mountains. Warrenpoint sprang up within the townland of Ringmackilroy (from Irish  Rinn Mhic Giolla Ruaidh 'McIlroy's point'), and is locally nicknamed "The Point", which also represents the town's full name in Irish, An Pointe.

Warrenpoint is known for its scenic location, the Maiden of Mourne festival, the Blues on the Bay music festival, the passenger ferry service between Warrenpoint and Omeath and the nearby Narrow Water Castle. Warrenpoint Port is second in terms of tonnage handled by ports in Northern Ireland. It had a population of 9,091 at the 2021 Census.
Valērijs Ivanovs
Valērijs Ivanovs (Russian: Валерий Иванович Иванов, romanized: Valery Ivanovich Ivanov; born 23 February 1970 in Riga) is a former football midfielder from Latvia. He played 69 international matches and scored 1 goal for the Latvia national team between 1992 and 2001. His clubs include FC Skonto (1995–1997), Helsingborgs IF, Uralan Elista, Shinnik Yaroslavl and Volgar GazProm Astrakhan.

Latvian Higher League
Latvian Higher League or Virslīga, also known as TonyBet Virslīga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Latvia and the highest level of the Latvian football league system. Organised by the Latvian Football Federation, the league is contested by ten clubs.
Yoell's Copse
Yoell's Copse is a  5.5-hectare (14-acre) Local Nature Reserve in Horndean in Hampshire. It is owned and managed by Horndean Parish Council.

This ancient wood has coppiced mature oak trees and wild service trees. There are uncommon plants such as butcher's-broom and common cow-wheat.

Quercus petraea
Quercus petraea, commonly known as the sessile oak, Welsh oak, Cornish oak, Irish oak or durmast oak, is a species of deciduous oak tree native to most of Europe and into Anatolia and Iran. The sessile oak is the national tree of Ireland, and an unofficial emblem in Wales and Cornwall.
Dryosaurus
Dryosaurus (/ˌdraɪəˈsɔːrəs/ DRY-ə-SOR-əs, meaning 'tree lizard', Greek δρῦς (drys) meaning 'tree, oak' and σαυρος (sauros) meaning 'lizard' (the name reflects the forested habitat, not a vague oak-leaf shape of its cheek teeth as is sometimes assumed)) is a genus of ornithopod dinosaur that lived in the Late Jurassic period. It was an iguanodont (formerly classified as a hypsilophodont). Fossils have been found in the western United States and were first discovered in the late 19th century. Valdosaurus canaliculatus and Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki were both formerly considered to represent species of Dryosaurus.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Lewis Newnham
Lewis Cyril Ashby Newnham (13 September 1881 – 20 November 1932) was a South African cricketer. He played in two first-class matches in 1903/04 and 1920/21.

Newnham was a left-handed batsman and left-arm bowler. In his second first-class match, 17 years after his first, he took 3 for 14 off 9 overs in the second innings to help Transvaal to an innings victory over Orange Free State in the 1920–21 Currie Cup. At the age of 43 he scored 58, the highest score on either side in the two-day match, for a Pretoria side against S. B. Joel's XI, a team consisting largely of English Test cricketers, in November 1924.

Newnham was educated at Cranleigh School in England. He served as an officer in the Cape Corps in World War I. He married Constance Vera Lofthouse in Pretoria in March 1910; they had several children.

Free State cricket team
Free State (formerly Orange Free State) is the first-class cricket team representing the province of Free State (known as Orange Free State until 1995) in South Africa. For the purposes of the SuperSport Series, Free State merged with Griqualand West and formed the Eagles cricket team franchise. The team was called Orange Free State from January 1904 to April 1995; it has been part of the Eagles from October 2004.
La Fuente de San Esteban-Boadilla railway station
La Fuente de San Esteban-Boadilla is a railway station located in the Spanish municipality of La Fuente de San Esteban, in the province of Salamanca, autonomous community of Castilla y León. It has no passenger services, although it can be used as a switch for crossing trains. Historically, the La Fuente de San Esteban-Boadilla station was a railway junction of some importance, where the Medina del Campo-Vilar Formoso and Barca d'Alva–La Fuente de San Esteban lines converged, both of international character. As a result, it had considerable passenger and freight rail traffic, as well as a number of large-scale facilities. The closure of the line to Barca d'Alva in 1985 meant that the station lost its importance, the situation got worse when the Barca d'Alva railway station closed in 1988.

Railroad switch
A railroad switch (AE), turnout, or (set of) points (CE) is a mechanical installation enabling railway trains to be guided from one track to another, such as at a railway junction or where a spur or siding branches off.
Haldon House
Haldon House (pronounced: "Hol-don") on the eastern side of the Haldon Hills in the parishes of Dunchideock and Kenn, near Exeter in Devon, England, was a large Georgian country house largely demolished in the 1920s. The surviving north wing of the house, comprising the entrance front of the stable block, consists of two cuboid lodges linked by a screen pierced by a Triumphal Arch, with later additions, and serves today as the "Lord Haldon Hotel". The house was originally flanked by two such paired pavilions, as is evident from 19th century engravings.

Kenn, Devon
Kenn is a village and civil parish situated in Devon, England, approximately 5 miles to the south of Exeter.  It lies in the district of Teignbridge, and at the 2021 census had a population of 1,071.

It has a pub and a Parish Church, built of Heavitree stone.
SO(10)
In particle physics, SO(10) refers to a Grand Unified Theory (GUT) based on the spin group Spin(10).  The shortened name SO(10) is conventional among physicists, and derives from the Lie algebra or less precisely the Lie group of SO(10), which is a special orthogonal group that is double covered by Spin(10).

SO(10) subsumes the 1974 Georgi–Glashow and Pati–Salam models, and unifies all fermions in a generation into a single field.  This requires 12 new gauge bosons, in addition to the 12 of SU(5) (Georgi–Glashow model) and 9 of SU(4) × SU(2) × SU(2) (Pati–Salam model).

Spin group
In mathematics the spin group, denoted Spin(n), is a Lie group whose underlying manifold is the double cover of the special orthogonal group SO(n) = SO(n, R), such that there exists a short exact sequence of Lie groups (when n ≠ 2)

The group multiplication law on the double cover is given by lifting the multiplication on .

As a Lie group, Spin(n) therefore shares its dimension, ⁠n(n − 1)/2⁠, and its Lie algebra with the special orthogonal group.

For n > 2, Spin(n) is simply connected and so coincides with the universal cover of SO(n).

The non-trivial element of the kernel is denoted −1, which should not be confused with the orthogonal transform of reflection through the origin, generally denoted −I.

Spin(n) can be constructed as a subgroup of the invertible elements in the Clifford algebra Cl(n). A distinct article discusses the spin representations.
Hua Sui
Hua Sui (simplified Chinese: 华燧; traditional Chinese: 華燧; pinyin: Huà Suì; 1439–1513 AD), courtesy name Wenhui (文輝), art name Huitong (会通), was a Chinese scholar, engineer, inventor, and printer of the Ming dynasty. He belonged to the wealthy Hua family of Wuxi that was renowned throughout the region. Hua Sui is best known for creating China's first metal movable type printing in 1490 AD.

Wuxi
Wuxi (Chinese: 无锡; pinyin: Wúxī, WOO-shee) is a city in southern Jiangsu, China. As of 2024, it had a population of 7,495,000. The city lies in the southern Yangtze delta and borders Lake Tai. Notable landmarks include Lihu Park, the Mt. Lingshan Grand Buddha Scenic Area and its 88-meter (289 ft)-tall Grand Buddha at Ling Shan statue, Xihui Park, Wuxi Zoo, and the Wuxi Museum. Transportation options include Wuxi Shuofang Airport, Wuxi Metro, Shanghai–Nanjing intercity high-speed railway, and Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway. Wuxi is home to Jiangnan University.
Graham Powell
Graham Powell (17 November 1932 — 21 December 2012) was a Welsh international rugby union player.

Powell was born in Waun-Lwyd and attended Ebbw Vale Grammar School. He was a good enough footballer in his youth to make Welsh Schools trials and also competed in athletics, earning Victor ludorum honours at the University of Bristol.

An England Universities representative, Powell won two Wales caps 1957 Five Nations, appearing in matches against Ireland at home and France in Paris. He came into the team after Wales had lost their opening two fixtures and formed a new centre combination with Cyril Davies, to become the first Ebbw Vale player to be capped for Wales.

Powell, who worked in the oil industry, became captain of Eddw Vale in the 1957/58 season and led the combined Abertillery & Ebbw Vale team that won a tour match against the visiting 1957–58 Wallabies side at Abertillery.

Waun-Lwyd
Waun-Lwyd or Waunlwyd is a village in the Ebbw Valley in Blaenau Gwent. It belongs in the community of Cwm.

It is located 1.67 miles (2.69 km) south of Ebbw Vale and 14.5 miles (23.3 km) north of Newport. The A4046 runs through the village. The population of the community is 1,556.
New Bridge, Newbridge-on-Usk
New Bridge crosses the River Usk at Newbridge-on-Usk between Usk and Caerleon. The bridge carries the B4236. It was constructed in 1779, probably by William Edwards, a prominent civil engineer of Pontypridd, or by a member of his bridge-building dynasty. The bridge has Grade II* listed building status.

Caerleon
Caerleon (/kərˈliːən/ kər-LEE-ən; Welsh: Caerllion) is a town and community in Newport, Wales. Situated on the River Usk, it lies 5 miles (8 km) northeast of Newport city centre, and 5.5 miles (9 km) southeast of Cwmbran. Caerleon is of archaeological importance, being the site of a notable Roman legionary fortress, Isca Augusta, and an Iron Age hillfort. Close to the remains of Isca Augusta are the National Roman Legion Museum and the Roman Baths Museum. The town also has strong historical and literary associations: Geoffrey of Monmouth elevated the significance of Caerleon as a major centre of British history in his Historia Regum Britanniae (c. 1136), and Alfred Lord Tennyson wrote Idylls of the King (1859–1885) while staying in Caerleon.