hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kotla, Punjab
Kotla is a village that is located in the Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 35 kilometres (22 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 161 kilometres (100 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. Parmar Rajputs established Jalandhar district, and Kotla village, which is known for its agriculture markets.

The village is administrated by a sarpanch, who is an elected representative of the village as per the Panchayati Raj.

Parmar (clan)
Parmar, also known as Panwar or Pawar is a Rajput clan that claims descent from the Agnivanshi lineage. They are mainly found in Northern and Central India, especially in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat,  Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Maharashtra. They are also known as Bhoyar, Bhoyar Pawar, or Powar in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. The capital of the Parmar dynasty was Ujjain, and later it shifted to Dhar.

An offshoot of the Parmars, known as the Sodha, also ruled in Amarkot, in the Sindh province of Pakistan.

The clan name is also used by Jats, Gurjars, Kōḷīs, Garoḍās, Līmaciyā Valands, Mōcīs, Tūrīs, Luhārs, Kansārās, Darajīs, Bhāvasārs, Cūnvāḷiyās, Ghañcīs, Harijans, Sōnīs, Sutārs, Dhobīs, Khavāsas, Rabārīs, Āhīrs, Meos, Sandhīs, Pīñjārās, Vāñjhās, Dhūḷadhōyās, Rāvaḷs, Vāgharīs, Bhīls, Āñjaṇās, Mer and Ḍhēḍhs.
Pangala
Pangala is a village situated in Udupi taluk of Udupi district, Karnataka. India's National Highway number 66 (NH 66) connecting Mangalore (Kudla or Mangaluru) to Mumbai (Bombay) passes through this village. The village is on the north banks of Pangala river. The Pangala river joins Arabian Sea near Mattu. The Shankarapura village which is famous for its jasmine flowers is nearby. The Janardhan temple of Pangala village has been renovated. One of the branches of Vijaya Bank is located in this village. According to the Indian Census of 2001, Pangala has a population of 1,948 (including 903 males, 1,045 females) in 438 households. Pangala Utsava is celebrated every year. Postal code for Pangala Post is 576122.

Pangala belongs to Kapu assembly constituency and Udupi Chikmagalur parliamentary constituency. The BICO is located in Pangala.

Jasmine
Jasmine (botanical name: Jasminum, pronounced /ˈjæsmɪnəm/ YAS-min-əm) is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family of Oleaceae.: 193  It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Eurasia, Africa, and Oceania.: 194  Jasmines are widely cultivated for the characteristic fragrance of their flowers.

The village of Shubra Beloula in Egypt grows most of the jasmine used by the global perfume industry.
Brodmann area 34
Brodmann area 34 is a region of the brain.

It has been described as part of the entorhinal area and the superior temporal gyrus.

The entorhinal area is the main interface between the hippocampus and neocortex and involved in memory, navigation and the perception of time. 
Destruction of Brodmann area 34 results in ipsilateral anosmia.

Time perception
In psychology and neuroscience, time perception or chronoception is the subjective experience, or sense, of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and unfolding of events. The perceived time interval between two successive events is referred to as perceived duration. Though directly experiencing or understanding another person's perception of time is not possible, perception can be objectively studied and inferred through a number of scientific experiments. Some temporal illusions help to expose the underlying neural mechanisms of time perception.

The ancient Greeks recognized the difference between chronological time (chronos) and subjective time (kairos).

Pioneering work on time perception, emphasizing species-specific differences, was conducted by Karl Ernst von Baer.
Sword Kladenets
Sword Kladenets (also mech-kladenets; Russian: меч-кладенец. [mʲetɕ klədʲɪˈnʲets]) is a magic sword in Russian fairy tales and byliny (Russian epic poetry), rendered as "sword of steel", "hidden sword", or "magic sword" in English translations.

The "self-swinging sword" or mech-samosek (also mech-samosyok, самосёк. [səmɐˈsʲɵk]) is also regarded as equivalent by certain commentators, though others consider them to be distinct.

Bylina
A bylina (Russian: былина, IPA: [bɨˈlʲinə]; pl. былины, byliny), also popularly known as a starina (Russian: старина), is a type of Russian oral epic poem.

Byliny deal with all periods of Russian history. Byliny narratives are loosely based on historical fact, but greatly embellished with fantasy or hyperbole. Byliny originate from the times of Kievan Rus', but had only survived in northern Russia by the time they were collected.

In a strict academic sense, byliny can be defined as a specific verse meter known from certain Russian sung epics, ballads and humorous songs.
William Murrah
William Ervin "Cap" Murrah (September 5, 1900 – June 1, 1956) was a professional football player who spent two years of the National Football League (NFL) with the Canton Bulldogs and the St. Louis All-Stars. Murrah was a part of the Bulldogs' 1922 NFL championship team. In 1923, he played for the All-Stars. He played college football at Texas A&M University. Cap later was inducted into the Texas A&M Hall of Fame. While at A&M, Murrah helped the Aggies win the 1922 Dixie Classic, when he recovered the football at the Centre College Praying Colonels' thirty-three yard line, setting up a touchdown on the possession.

1922 Dixie Classic
The 1922 Dixie Classic was a post-season college football bowl game between the Texas A&M Aggies and the Centre College Praying Colonels on January 2, 1922, at Fair Park Stadium in Dallas, Texas. Texas A&M defeated Centre 22–14. It is also the game in which Texas A&M's 12th man tradition originated.

Centre came into the game undefeated, outscoring its opponents by a margin of 314 to 6. It also upset Harvard in the regular season in what was later deemed one of the greatest upsets in college football history. A&M finished its regular season 5–1–2 and captured a Southwest Conference title.
Endicott Square Deal Arch
Endicott Square Deal Arch is an historic "welcome arch" located at Endicott in Broome County, New York. It is one of two identical arches erected in 1920 in Endicott and in nearby Johnson City, known as the Johnson City Square Deal Arch.  .  It was constructed by Endicott-Johnson Shoe Company employees to honor  George F. Johnson (1857–1948), their highly respected employer and benefactor.

In 1995 the arch was dismantled and rebuilt with additional materials to increase clearance and span a widened Main Street.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Johnson City, New York
Johnson City is a village in Broome County, New York, United States. The population was 15,343 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The village of Johnson City is in the town of Union and is a part of the "Triple Cities" along with Endicott and Binghamton. Johnson City lies to the west of Binghamton on the eastern side of the town of Union.
Di Loreto
Di Loreto is a surname of Italian origin. Notable people with this surname include:

Dante Di Loreto, American film and television producer

Marco Di Loreto (born 1974), Italian former footballer turned manager

Teresa Di Loreto (born 1989), Italian long jumper

Marco Di Loreto
Marco Di Loreto (born 28 September 1974) is an Italian former footballer turned manager. He has played over 200 matches at Italian Serie A since his debut at age 26.

He has been the former head coach of Lega Pro Seconda Divisione club Castel Rigone.
Jerry Colonna (entertainer)
Gerardo Luigi Colonna (September 17, 1904 – November 21, 1986) was an American musician, actor, comedian, singer, songwriter and trombonist who played the zaniest of Bob Hope's sidekicks in Hope's popular radio shows and films of the 1940s and 1950s. He also voiced the March Hare in Walt Disney's 1951 animated feature film Alice in Wonderland.

Meet Me in Las Vegas
Meet Me in Las Vegas is a 1956 American musical comedy film directed by Roy Rowland, filmed in Eastman Color and CinemaScope, and starring Dan Dailey and Cyd Charisse. The film was tailored for the talents of Charisse, showcasing her skills with modern and classical ballet.

It was produced by Joe Pasternak for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The original story and screenplay is by Isobel Lennart, cinematography by Robert Bronner, music direction by George Stoll of Skip Martin's orchestrations, with choreography by Hermes Pan and Eugene Loring. It was largely shot on location in Las Vegas and various popular celebrities made cameo appearances.
Chrysostomos Papasarantopoulos
Rev. Archimandrite Chrysóstomos Papasarantópoulos (Greek: Χρυσόστομος Παπασαραντόπουλος, 1903–1972) was a pioneering missionary of the Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Congo.

Messenia
Messenia or Messinia (/məˈsiːniə/ mə-SEE-nee-ə; Greek: Μεσσηνία [mesiˈni.a]) is a regional unit (perifereiaki enotita) in the southwestern part of the Peloponnese region, in Greece. Until the implementation of the Kallikratis plan on 1 January 2011, Messenia was a prefecture (nomos) covering the same territory. The capital and largest city of Messenia is Kalamata.
Our Lady of the Sacred Heart Church, Yerkalo
Our Lady of the Sacred Heart Church, commonly referred to as Catholic Church of Yerkalo or Yanjing Catholic Church, is a Catholic church located in Yerkalo (Tibetan: ཚ་ཁ་ལྷོ, Wylie: tsha kha lho, THL: Tsakalo, lit. 'salt pit'), a village between 2650 and 3109 meters above sea level at the southern end of Markham County (Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region) in present-day China.

Markam County
Markam County (Tibetan: སྨར་ཁམས་རྫོང་།; Chinese: 芒康县) is a county under the jurisdiction of Chamdo in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, bordering the provinces of Sichuan to the east and Yunnan to the south. It is the easternmost county-level division of the Tibet A.R.
Eltrekibart
Eltrekibart (LY3041658) is a "septa-specific monoclonal antibody that neutralizes all seven ELR+ CXC chemokines (CXCL1-3 and CXCL5-8), thereby limiting signaling through CXCR1 and CXCR2". It was tested in clinical trials for hidradenitis suppurativa.

Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha
Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha is a chemokine receptor. This name and the corresponding gene symbol IL8RA have been replaced by the HGNC approved name C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 and the approved symbol CXCR1. It has also been designated as CD181 (cluster of differentiation 181). The IUPHAR Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug Classification use the HGNC recommended name, CXCR1.
Sugiuchi
Sugiuchi (written: 杉内) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Masao Sugiuchi (杉内 雅男; 1920–2017), Japanese Go player

Shusaku Sugiuchi (杉内 周作), Japanese Paralympic swimmer

Toshiya Sugiuchi (杉内 俊哉; born 1980), Japanese baseball player

Toshiya Sugiuchi
Toshiya Sugiuchi (杉内 俊哉, Sugiuchi Toshiya; born October 30, 1980 in Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan) is a Japanese baseball player. He is a left-handed starting pitcher for the Yomiuri Giants.

Sugiuchi was the Eiji Sawamura Award winner in 2005. He has had some of the most international experience of any active Japanese baseball player, pitching in the 2000 Sydney and 2008 Beijing Olympics as well as the 2006 and 2009 World Baseball Classics.
Pseudipocregyes
Pseudipocregyes is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

Pseudipocregyes albosignatus Breuning, 1974

Pseudipocregyes fruhstorferi Breuning, 1968

Pseudipocregyes maculatus Pic, 1923

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
Frederick C. Brower
Frederick C. Brower (c. 1851 – July 14, 1931), a safe expert and locksmith by trade, was an inventor from Syracuse, New York. He built a one-of-a-kind automobile, called the Brower between the years 1884 and 1895, although the exact date is not known. If the automobile was built before 1893, it might have been one of the first successful automobiles made in America.

Brower also introduced the telephone to the city in 1878 after seeing the device exhibited at the Philadelphia Exposition of 1876 and secured the rights for Central New York from the Bell system. Later, he installed private phones in the city.

Centennial Exposition
The Centennial International Exhibition, officially the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine, was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from May 10 to November 10, 1876. It was the first official world's fair to be held in the United States and coincided with the centennial anniversary of the Declaration of Independence's adoption in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776.

It was held in Fairmount Park along the Schuylkill River on fairgrounds designed by Herman J. Schwarzmann. Nearly 10 million visitors attended the exposition, and 37 countries participated in it.
Texas's 68th House of Representatives district
The 68th district of the Texas House of Representatives contains the entirety of Shackelford, Throckmorton, and Young Counties. The current representative is David Spiller, who was first elected in 2020.

2020 Texas House of Representatives election
The 2020 Texas House of Representatives elections took place as part of the biennial United States elections. Texas voters elected state representatives in all 150 of the state house's districts. Primary elections were held in March 2020. The winners of this election served in the 87th Texas Legislature. Two seats changed hands, both in Harris County, one Democratic flip and one Republican flip, for no net change.
Lone Star Airlines
Lone Star Airlines was an American regional airline that operated both domestic and international flights. For much of the airline's life its headquarters were located in the Fort Worth Stockyards in Fort Worth, Texas. The airline's largest hub was located at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport.  The airline filed for bankruptcy in August, 1998 and was liquidated in October, 1998.

Aspen/Pitkin County Airport
Aspen/Pitkin County Airport (IATA: ASE, ICAO: KASE, FAA LID: ASE), also known as Sardy Field, is a county-owned public-use airport located three miles (3 nmi; 5 km) northwest of the central business district of Aspen, in Pitkin County, Colorado, United States. The airport covers an area of 573 acres (232 ha) at an elevation of 7,820 feet (2,384 m) above mean sea level. It has one asphalt paved runway designated 15/33 which measures 8,006 by 100 feet (2,440 x 30 m).

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2023–2027 categorized it as a non-hub primary commercial service facility.
Harpendyreus notoba
Harpendyreus notoba, the salvia blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in South Africa, from the northern East Cape, through the southern part of the Orange Free State to southern Gauteng the southern North West Province. It is also present in the North Cape.

The wingspan is 26–27 mm for males and 27–29 mm for females. Adults are on wing from August to May, with a peak from September to October.

The larvae feed on flowers and immature seeds of Salvia species, including Salvia radula.

Salvia radula
Salvia radula (African white sage) is a herbaceous perennial native to the northern provinces of South Africa, growing at elevations from 1,300 to 1,900 m (4,300 to 6,200 ft). The plant grows to 0.3 to 0.75 m (0.98 to 2.46 ft) tall. Leaves are wooly and white underneath. It is closely related to Salvia disermas.
Four-digit toad
The four-digit toad or dwarf toad (Didynamipus sjostedti) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in Bioko (Equatorial Guinea), southwestern Cameroon, and southeastern Nigeria. It is the only species in the genus Didynamipus.

Bioko
Bioko (/biːˈoʊkoʊ/; Spanish: [biˈoko] ⓘ; Bube: Ëtulá a Ëri; historically known as Fernando Pó, European Portuguese pronunciation: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃.dʊ ˈpɔ]) is an island of Equatorial Guinea. It is located 32 km (20 mi) south of the coast of Cameroon, and 160 km (99 mi) northwest of the northernmost part of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Malabo, on the north coast of the island, is the former capital city of Equatorial Guinea. Bioko's population was 335,048 at the 2015 census and it covers an area of 2,017 km2 (779 sq mi), making it the fourth largest island in Africa (after Madagascar, Socotra and Tenerife). The island is part of the Cameroon line of volcanoes and is located off the Cameroon coast, in the Bight of Biafra portion of the Gulf of Guinea. Its geology is volcanic; its highest peak is Pico Basile at 3,012 m (9,882 ft).
Purple Hill
Purple Hill is a 14.9-hectare (37-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest south of Gillingham in Kent. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade 2.

This chalk downland site has herb-rich grassland, scrub and woods. Flora include the nationally rare Kentish milkwort and several uncommon orchids.

The site is private land with no public access.

Gillingham, Kent
Gillingham (/ˈdʒɪlɪŋəm/ ⓘ JIL-ing-əm) is a town in Kent, England, which forms a conurbation with neighbouring Chatham, Rochester, Strood and Rainham. It is the largest town in the borough of Medway and in 2022 had a population of 111,033.
Howard Yates
Howard Spencer Yates (3 May 1913 – 8 November 1989) was an Australian athlete who competed in the 1934 British Empire Games and in the 1938 British Empire Games.

In 1934 he was a member of the Australian relay team which finished fourth in the 4×110 yards event. In the 100 yards competition he finished sixth and in the 220 yards contest he was eliminated in the semi-finals.

At the 1938 Empire Games he won the bronze medal with the Australian relay team in the 4×110 yards event. In the 220 yards competition he finished fifth and in the 100 yards contest he finished sixth again.

1938 British Empire Games
The 1938 British Empire Games were the third British Empire Games, the event that evolved to become the Commonwealth Games. Held in Sydney, Australia, from 5–12 February 1938, they were timed to coincide with Sydney's sesqui-centenary (150 years since the foundation of British settlement in Australia). Venues included the Sydney Cricket Ground (the main stadium), the North Sydney Olympic Pool and Henson Park. An estimated 40,000 people attended the opening ceremony. A men's residential village was established within the grounds of the Sydney Showground, while the female athletes were housed in hotels.

The star of the games was the Australian athlete Decima Norman, who won five gold medals in track and field. Margaret Dovey, later married to Australian prime minister Gough Whitlam, finished sixth in the 220 yards breaststroke.

Due to the onset of World War II, the games were not held again until 1950.
Cacavellu
Cacavellu (Corsican; pl. cacavelli; also caccavellu; caccaveddu in Suttanacciu dialect; from Latin: cacabus, lit. 'cooking pot') is a Corsican cake generally shaped as a crown,  made of yeast dough. It is a typical dessert of the village of Vico.

In the cuisine of Corsica exists also a yeast cake called too caccaveddu, typical of the region around Sartène in southern Corsica: it is akin to the Campanile cake and like that is also traditionally prepared for Easter.

Vico, Corse-du-Sud
Vico (French pronunciation: [viko], Italian: [ˈviːko]; Corsican: Vicu, [ˈbiːɡu]) is a commune in the French department of Corse-du-Sud, on the island of Corsica.

The Sagone river flows through the commune from east to west, entering the sea in the village of Sagone.
Sagone used to be the seat of a diocese, but by 1751 the town of Sagone was in ruins and uninhabited due to raids by Barbary pirates.  
The bishop lived inland in Vico, then a small town of some 800 inhabitants, under the civil government of Genoa. 
The corporation of the Cathedral Chapter still existed, with two dignities and six canons. 
In Vico there was one monastery of men.
Rogovo, Bryansk Oblast
Rogovo (Russian: Рогово) is a rural locality (a selo) in Pochepsky District, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. In the 19th century, the village was part of Kotlyakovskaya volost, Mglinsky Uyezd, Chernigov Governorate. The population was 272 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

Mglinsky Uyezd
Mglinsky Uyezd (Russian: Мглинский уезд, romanized: Mglinskiy uezd) or Mhlyn Povit (Ukrainian: Мглинський повіт, romanized: Mhlynskyi povit) was one of the subdivisions of the Chernigov Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Mglin.

The governorate was incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR, and part of it including the Mglinsky Uyezd was transferred to the Gomel Oblast of the Russian SFSR in 1919.
44th Locarno Film Festival
The 44th Locarno Film Festival was held from 7 to 17 August 1991 in Locarno, Switzerland. Of the 19 film in competition, ten were world premieres, and eight were first pictures from directors, as Locarno has a focus on discovering new talent.

The opening film was a brand new print of Orson Welles' Citizen Kane and the closing film was a new print of Yasujiro Ozo's Late Autumn. Artistic director, David Strieff paid for the Ozo print personally as a parting gift to the festival. This was his last year as head of the festival after over a decade in the role.

A surprise screening was held for A Brigther Summer Day directed by Edward Yang, which was a big get for the festival. Yang attended the festival along with every director in competition, apart from Sean Pean.

The Golden Leopard, the festival's top prize, was awarded to Johnny Suede directed by Tom DiCillo.

Yasujirō Ozu
Yasujirō Ozu (小津 安二郎, Ozu Yasujirō; 12 December 1903 – 12 December 1963) was a Japanese filmmaker. He began his career during the era of silent films, and his last films were made in colour in the early 1960s. Ozu first made a number of short comedies, before turning to more serious themes in the 1930s.
The most prominent themes of Ozu's work are family and marriage, and especially the relationships between generations. His most widely beloved films include Late Spring (1949), Tokyo Story (1953) and An Autumn Afternoon (1962).

Widely regarded as one of the world's greatest and most influential filmmakers, Ozu's work has continued to receive acclaim since his death. In the 2012 Sight & Sound poll, Ozu's Tokyo Story was voted the third-greatest film of all time by critics world-wide. In the same poll, Tokyo Story was voted the greatest film of all time by  358 directors and film-makers world-wide.
Carbonyl dyes
Carbonyl dyes are dyes which comprise at least two conjugated carbonyl groups. Both anthraquinone dyes and indigo dyes belong to the group of carbonyl dyes. The most important natural dyes - indigo, Tyrian purple, alizarin and carmine - have this partial structure. The most important synthetic carbonyl dyes are based on anthraquinone.

The main advantages of carbonyl dyes are the possibility of reducing the carbonyl groups to water-soluble dienols (→Vat dyes), which is advantageous in industrial applications. On the other hand, by introducing suitable electron donating groups, the absorption maximum of the resulting dyes can be shifted to almost any region of the VIS spectrum.

Reduction/Oxidation of carbonyl dyestuffs / examples: anthraquinone and indigo

Indigo dye
Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color. Indigo is a natural dye obtained from the leaves of some plants of the Indigofera genus, in particular Indigofera tinctoria. Dye-bearing Indigofera plants were once common throughout the world. Blue colorants are relatively rare.  Since indigo is insoluble, it is also referred to as a pigment (C.I. Pigment Blue 66, C.I.).

Most indigo dye produced today is synthetic, constituting  around 80,000 tonnes each year, as of 2023. It is most commonly associated with the production of denim cloth and blue jeans, where its properties allow for effects such as stone washing and acid washing to be applied quickly.