hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Claude Perrault
Claude Perrault (French pronunciation: [klod pɛʁo]; 25 September 1613 – 9 October 1688) was a French physician and amateur architect, best known for his participation in the design of the east façade of the Louvre in Paris. He also designed the Paris Observatory and was an anatomist and author who wrote treatises on architecture, physics, and natural history.

His brother, Charles Perrault, is remembered as the classic reteller of the old story of Cinderella among other fables.

Grove Art Online
Grove Art Online is the online edition of The Dictionary of Art, often referred to as the Grove Dictionary of Art, and part of Oxford Art Online, an internet gateway to online art reference publications of Oxford University Press, which also includes the online version of the Benezit Dictionary of Artists. It is a large encyclopedia of art, previously a 34-volume printed encyclopedia first published by Grove in 1996 and reprinted with minor corrections in 1998. A new edition was published in 2003 by Oxford University Press.
Ron Chandraguptha
Ron Chandraguptha (Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, born 22 February 1995) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club in the 2014–15 Premier Trophy on 30 January 2015. He was part of the Sri Lankan team which won the ACC Emerging Teams Asia Cup 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut on 8 January 2020, for Colombo Cricket Club in the 2019–20 SLC Twenty20 Tournament.

2017 ACC Emerging Teams Asia Cup
The 2017 ACC Emerging Teams Asia Cup was the second edition of the ACC Emerging Teams Asia Cup held in Bangladesh. Eight teams participated in the tournament including four under-23 age level teams of Test nations and four top associate teams from Asia.This Competition was organized by ACC (Asian Cricket Council).
Fort Defiance (film)
Fort Defiance is a 1951 American Western film directed by John Rawlins, written by Louis Lantz and starring Dane Clark, Ben Johnson, Peter Graves and Tracey Roberts. The film was released on October 9, 1951 by United Artists.

John Rawlins (director)
John Rawlins (June 9, 1902 – May 20, 1997) was an American film editor and director. He directed 44 films between 1932 and 1958. He was born in Long Beach, California and died in Arcadia, California.

According to one obituary, he was "a prime exponent of that style, being a master of swift exposition and fast action. His no-nonsense approach also made him a fine serial director, and when given the chance of a top-budget adventure film he gave his studio one of its biggest hits in Arabian Nights." Another said he "was a prime example of a no-frills director of Bs, who got his job done quickly, competently and cheaply."
Liu Jue
Liu Jue (Liu Chüeh, traditional: 劉玨, simplified: 刘珏 ; c. 1409 – 1472) was a Chinese landscape painter, calligrapher, and poet during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644).

Liu was born in Changzhou in the Jiangsu province. His style name was 'Tingmei' and his sobriquet was 'Wan'an'. Liu's painting used a plump brush stroke style, which later influenced Shen Zhou.

Sobriquet
A sobriquet (/ˈsoʊ.brɪ.ˌkeɪ, ˌsoʊ.brɪ.ˈkeɪ/ SOH-brih-kay, -⁠KAY) is a descriptive nickname, sometimes assumed, but often given by another. A sobriquet is distinct from a pseudonym in that it is typically a familiar name used in place of a real name without the need for explanation; it may even become more familiar than the original name.

An example is Mohandas Gandhi, who is better known as Mahatma Gandhi ("mahatma" means "great soul" in Sanskrit).

The term sobriquet is equally applicable as a name for a person, group of people, historical event, or place. Well-known places often have sobriquets, such as New York City, often called the "Big Apple", or Rome, the "Eternal City", or Vienna, the "Golden Apple" or Paris the "City of Light".
Sermitsiaq Glacier
Sermitsiaq Glacier is a tidewater glacier in the Qeqqata municipality in western Greenland. It drains Maniitsoq ice cap into two fjords flowing towards Davis Strait: Kangaamiut Kangerluarsuat Fjord in the north, and the longer Kangerlussuatsiaq Fjord in the south.

Qeqqata
Qeqqata (Greenlandic pronunciation: [qɜqːata], Danish: Centrum, lit. 'Centre') is a municipality in western Greenland, operational from 1 January 2009. The municipality was named after its location in the central-western part of the country. Its population is 9,179 as of January 2025. The administrative center of the municipality is in Sisimiut (formerly called Holsteinsborg).
David Kodiah
The Rt Revd David Hellingtone  Kodia is the second and current Anglican Bishop of Bondo, serving from 2017.

Kodia was educated at Mbita High school in Homa Bay. He attended Bishop Okullu College where he graduated in 1988, Charles University in Prague, and Northwestern Christian University, Florida. He holds a master's degree in theology and Doctor of Philosophy in Christian Theology. He was Principal of St. Philips Theological College Maseno from 1996 to 1998, and then of Bishop Okullu College, Great Lakes University of Kisumu from 2002 to 2016. He was later appointed Acting Vice Chancellor of the Great Lakes University of Kisumu until 2017 when he was elected the second bishop of the diocese of Bondo. Kodia has authored several books including, Mission to the Voiceless, Poverty in Grace, Poverty in Disgrace, Reigns of Hope, and other numerous articles.

Principal (academia)
The principal is the chief executive and the chief academic officer of a university or college in certain parts of the Commonwealth.

In the United States, the principal is the head of school at most pre-university, non-boarding schools.
Dimitri Petratos
Dimitrios Petratos (born 10 November 1992) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Indian Super League club Mohun Bagan.

Petratos has played for four different A-League clubs, winning one championship with Brisbane Roar. The majority of Petratos's career has been in the A-League. However, he has played in Malaysia, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, before moving to India.

Ulsan HD FC
Ulsan HD FC (Korean: 울산 HD FC), formerly Ulsan Hyundai FC, is a South Korean professional football club based in Ulsan that competes in the K League 1, the top tier of South Korean football. Founded in 1983 as Hyundai Horang-i, they joined the K League in 1984. Their home ground is Ulsan Munsu Football Stadium. The club is owned by HD Hyundai Heavy Industries.

Ulsan HD have won the league title five times, most recently in 2024, and the Korean FA Cup once, in 2017. At the international level, they have won the AFC Champions League twice, in 2012 and 2020, and are the only club to have won the tournament twice without defeat.
Tevfik Sağlam
Tevfik Sağlam (born; Ali Tevfik Salim; 7 May 1882 – 11 July 1963) was a Turkish a military physician and professor, known for his contributions to medical education and health reforms during the early years of the Republic of Turkey. He served as the chief physician of the Health Division of the Selanik Redif Brigade during the Balkan Wars, the chief of health of the 2nd and 3rd Armies during World War I, and later chief of internal medicine at the Gülhane Military Medical Academy.

Known for his advocacy for health reforms such as establishment of health Institutions focused on tuberculosis and malaria, he served as the first dean of the Faculty of Medicine at the Istanbul University.

Health care reform
Health care reform is for the most part governmental policy that affects health care delivery in a given place. Health care reform typically attempts to:

Broaden the population that receives health care coverage through either public sector insurance programs or private sector insurance companies

Expand the array of health care providers consumers may choose among

Improve the access to health care specialists

Improve the quality of health care

Give more care to citizens

Decrease the cost of health care
Lowville and Beaver River Railroad
The Lowville and Beaver River Railroad (reporting mark LBR) was a short-line railroad that was owned by Genesee Valley Transportation (GVT) of Batavia, New York from 1993 to November 2025.  Click here for an archived System Map.

The Lowville & Beaver River ran from an interchange, with GVT subsidiary Mohawk, Adirondack and Northern Railroad (MHWA) at Lowville, NY to Croghan, New York.

Shortline railroad
A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company that operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger, national railroad networks. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada. In the former, railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board.
Mono language
There are several languages called Mono:

Mono language (California), an endangered Native American language of the California River basin in the United States

Mono language (Cameroon), an Adamawa language

Mono language (Congo), a Ubangian language spoken by 65,000 people in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Mono language (Solomon Islands), an Austronesian language spoken on the Solomon Islands by fewer than 4,000 people

Mono language (Congo)
Mono is an indigenous language spoken by about 65,000 people in the northwestern corner of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is one of the Banda languages, a subbranch of the Ubangian branch of the Niger–Congo languages. It has five dialects: Bili, Bubanda, Mpaka, Galaba, and Kaga.
Cool Down the Pace
"Cool Down the Pace" is the final single from Mattafix's debut album, Signs of a Struggle, released in 2006. The song charted in Germany, Italy, Austria, and Switzerland. The original song was sung by Gregory Isaacs and was released on his 1982 album Night Nurse.

Mattafix
Mattafix is an English electronic music duo, consisting of vocalist Marlon Roudette and producer and keyboardist Preetesh Hirji. Their sound is a fusion of hip hop, R&B, reggae, dancehall, blues, jazz, soul and world. Known for their 2005 hit single "Big City Life", they won the Sopot International Song Festival in 2006.
Hery-maat
Hery-maat (pronounced [/hĕrē/ma’at/]; Egyptian; Ḥrii mȝʾt) meaning "the one who is upon Maat or the one who dominates it" is a funerary deity in ancient Egypt. Hery-maat takes appearance as a naked boy, sitting on a cushion representing the hieroglyph for “horizon”(𓈌). he is always depicted wearing a khat headdress. he has his arm holding his shoulder and his other arm resting on his knee.

He is found alongside Nebnerou in many tomb paintings, specifically the Valley of the Queens. He is a representation of the deceased tomb owner waiting under the protection of Nebnerou for dawn.

Tomb
A tomb (from Ancient Greek: τύμβος tumbos, meaning "mound" or "burial monument") is a repository for the remains of the dead. It may be above or below ground and can vary greatly in form, size, and cultural significance. Tombs are one of the oldest forms of funerary monuments, serving both as a means of final disposition and as expressions of religious belief, commemoration, and social status.

Placing a body in a tomb can be called entombment, distinct from simpler burial practices. Tombs often involve architectural or artistic design and can become significant cultural or religious landmarks.
Port-Royal-des-Champs
48°44′39″N 2°0′58″E﻿ / ﻿48.74417°N 2.01611°E﻿ / 48.74417; 2.01611

Port-Royal-des-Champs (French pronunciation: [pɔʁ ʁwajal de ʃɑ̃]) was an abbey of Cistercian nuns in Magny-les-Hameaux, in the Vallée de Chevreuse southwest of Paris that launched a number of culturally important institutions.

Antoine Arnauld
Antoine Arnauld (French: [ɑ̃twan aʁno]; 6 February 1612 – 8 August 1694) was a French Catholic theologian, priest, philosopher and mathematician. He was one of the leading intellectuals of the Jansenist group of Port-Royal and had a very thorough knowledge of patristics. Contemporaries called him le Grand to distinguish him from his father.
Continental AV1790
The Continental AV1790 is an American V12 engine used in armored vehicles. Produced by Continental Motors, the AV1790 was used in a variety of limited production and pilot heavy tanks, including the M53 and M55 howitzers, and the T30, T34 and M103 tanks.

There were also diesel versions (AVDS, Air Cooled, V-engine configuration, Diesel, Superturbocharged) for the M47, M48, and M60 Patton tanks, and the Swedish Stridsvagn 104 (British-built Centurions, re-engined with diesel engines in the 1980s).

M47 Patton
The M47 Patton was an American medium tank, a development of the M46 Patton mounting an updated turret, and was in turn further developed as the M48 Patton. It was the second American tank to be named after General George S. Patton, commander of the U.S. Third Army during World War II and one of the earliest American advocates of tanks in battle.

The M47 was the U.S. Army's and Marine Corps' primary tank, intended to replace the M26 Pershing and M46 Patton medium tanks. The M47 was widely used by U.S. Cold War allies, both SEATO and NATO countries, and was the only Patton series tank that never saw combat while in US service.

Although the later M48s and M60s were similar in appearance, those were completely new tank designs. Many different M47 Patton models remain in service internationally. The M47 was the last US tank to have a bow-mounted machine gun in the hull.
It's a Musical World
It's a Musical World is a Canadian music television series which aired on CBC Television from 1973 to 1975.

Tommy Common and Tommy Makem took turns as series host with vocal group Sweet Majic as regulars. Episodes featured stories and folk music.

This half-hour series was broadcast for three seasons as follows:

Tommy Makem
Thomas Makem (4 November 1932 – 1 August 2007) was an Irish folk musician, artist, poet and storyteller. He was best known as a member of the Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem. He played the long-necked 5-string banjo, tin whistle, low whistle, guitar, bodhrán and bagpipes, and sang in a distinctive baritone. He was sometimes known as "The Bard of Armagh" (taken from a traditional song of the same name) and "The Godfather of Irish Music".
Alice Putnam Willetts
Alice Putnam Willetts (February 6, 1926 – June 6, 2020), previously Alice Putnam, and sometimes known by the nickname "Putty", was an American field hockey and lacrosse player and coach.  She played on the U.S. women's national field hockey team from 1946 to 1955 and was in the first class of inductees into the U.S. Field Hockey Association Hall of Fame.

United States women's national field hockey team
The United States women's national field hockey team represents the United States in international field hockey. The team is currently coached by David Passmore. It made its first international appearance in 1920 when a touring team visited England, coached by Constance M.K. Applebee. The team made several international appearances in the early 20th century, leading to the United States hosting the 8th International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations Tournament in 1963. Once the IFWHA merged with its counterpart on the men's side, the United States' first appearance at an FIH-sanctioned tournament was the 1983 Women's Hockey World Cup in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, where the Americans ended up in sixth place. They have won bronze at the Los Angeles 1984 Summer Olympics and bronze at the 1994 World Cup.
Litsitsirupa Private Nature Reserve
The Litsitsirupa Private Nature Reserve is a nature reserve 70 km (43 mi) north-east of Pretoria. Fences of 13 former farms were removed to develop a park where wild animals may freely move on an area of approximately 400 ha (990 acres). It includes zebra, impala, kudu, blue wildebeest, giraffe, and more.

South African giraffe
The South African giraffe or Cape giraffe (Giraffa giraffa or Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa) is a species or subspecies of giraffe found in South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Eswatini and Mozambique. It has rounded or blotched spots, some with star-like extensions on a light tan background, running down to the hooves.

In 2016, the population was estimated at 31,500 individuals in the wild.
Capital punishment in the Central African Republic
The Central African Republic has abolished capital punishment, after the National Assembly passed a bill abolishing it on 27 May 2022. Prior to its abolition in law, the nation was considered "Abolitionist in Practice." The country carried out its last executions, of six unnamed men, in January 1981.

In 2018, Roland Achille Bangue-Betangai, the Chairman of the Legislation Committee of the Parliament of the Central African Republic, introduced a bill to abolish the death penalty in the country. In March the following year, the Speaker of the National Assembly, Laurent Ngon-Baba, created a joint committee to examine the bill.

Parliament of the Central African Republic
The Parliament is the legislative body of the Central African Republic.

From 2015 to 2023 the Parliament was bicameral and consisted of the National Assembly and the Senate. The Senate was never established, and was abolished upon the adoption of the 2023 Constitution.
2023 FIBA U17 Women's Centrobasket
The 2023 FIBA U17 Women's Centrobasket was the eighth edition of the Central American and Caribbean basketball championship for women's under-17 national teams. The tournament was played at Polideportivo Alexis Argüello in Managua, Nicaragua, from 5 to 9 August 2023.

FIBA U17 Women's Centrobasket
The FIBA U17 Women's Centrobasket is an under-17 women's basketball tournament held about every two years among 31 countries of Central America and the Caribbean and is organized in part by FIBA Americas. The tournament serves as a gateway to the FIBA Under-18 Women's AmeriCup. Originally, this competition was played in the under-18 age category, and since 2009 it has been played in the under-17 age category.
James Augustine Duff
James Augustine Duff (27 September 1872 – 4 March 1943) was a Scottish-born Northern Irish businessman and Ulster Unionist Party politician.

Born in Glasgow, he was educated locally before moving to Belfast. He sat on Belfast City Council, served as the city's Justice of the Peace, and was the High Sheriff of Belfast  in 1923. He represented Belfast East in the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1925. Defeated at the 1925 election he contested the new Belfast Pottinger seat at the 1929 election but was not elected as the seat was taken by Jack Beattie.

Away from politics, Duff was President of the St. Andrews Society from 1925 to 1926 as well as President of the Belfast Scottish Association.

1925 Northern Ireland general election
The 1925 Northern Ireland general election was held on 3 April 1925. It was the second election to the Parliament of Northern Ireland.  It saw significant losses for the Ulster Unionist Party, although they maintained their large majority. This was the last election for the Stormont parliament conducted using Single transferable voting, a form of Proportional Representation. Fifty-two members were elected in ten districts, which each elected between four and eight members. The Ulster Unionist government abolished proportional representation during this parliament and replaced it with the first-past-the-post system used in Great Britain.
Priscila Tommy
Priscila Tommy (born 23 May 1991) is a ni-Vanuatu table tennis player.

She won gold in both the women's singles and team events at the 2007 South Pacific Games.

Tommy represented Vanuatu at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and was her country's flag bearer at the opening ceremony. She faced Slovakia's Eva Odorova, ranked 762 places above her, in her opening game, and lost in straight sets.

Tommy was selected to represent Vanuatu at the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi.

Tommy won a gold medal at the 2019 Pacific Games.

Vanuatu at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Vanuatu competed in the 2010 Commonwealth Games held in Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010. Vanuatu's Table Tennis Federation has been for many years, honoured to select its players as the flag bearer of the 2010 Commonwealth games. As a result, Yoshua Shing was nominated flag bearer of the 2010 Commonwealth Games. Vanuatu participated in table tennis at the commonwealth games for singles, doubles and mixed events. The events were held at the Yamuna Sports Complex from 4 to 14 October 2010.
Malumfashi
Malumfashi (or Malum Fashi) is a local government in Katsina State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is located in the town of Malumfashi.

It has an area of 674 km2 and a population of 182,920 at the 2006 census. The current chairman of the local government is Alhaji Muktar Ammani and Justice Saddiq Abdullahi Mahuta is  the Galadiman Katsina and District Head of Malumfashi.

The postal code of the area is 822.

The representative of the House of Representatives for the  	Malum Fashi/Kafur constituency is Hon. Muhammed Aminu Ibrahim.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
Jarrad Schofield
Jarrad Schofield (born 30 January 1975) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the West Coast Eagles, Port Adelaide and Fremantle in the Australian Football League (AFL) and Subiaco in the West Australian Football League (WAFL).

He attended school at Wesley College in South Perth.

South Perth, Western Australia
South Perth is an inner suburb of Perth, the capital of the Australian state of Western Australia. Its local government area is the City of South Perth.

South Perth is separated from the Perth central business district (CBD) by Perth Water, a section of the Swan River. It is connected to the CBD via the Narrows Bridge which carries the Kwinana Freeway and Mandurah railway line. Public ferries are also operated by Transperth between the Mends Street Jetty in South Perth and Elizabeth Quay Jetty in the CBD.

South Perth is primarily residential, with commercial areas along major thoroughfares such as Canning Highway, Mill Point Road and Angelo Street. It has extensive river frontage, including the South Perth Esplanade and Sir James Mitchell Park, with high-density areas around Mill Point and Point Belches facing the Perth skyline. The suburb also includes the Perth Zoo and Royal Perth Golf Club.
Gladden Creek
Gladden Creek is a stream in Dent and Shannon counties in the Ozarks of southern Missouri. It is a tributary of the Current River.

The stream headwaters are in Dent County at 37°32′33″N 91°28′44″W﻿ / ﻿37.54250°N 91.47889°W﻿ / 37.54250; -91.47889 and the confluence with the Current is in Shannon County at 37°22′36″N 91°32′51″W﻿ / ﻿37.37667°N 91.54750°W﻿ / 37.37667; -91.54750. The source area for the stream lies about six miles south of Salem and it flows southeast to south generally parallel to and west of Missouri Route 19 past Custer and Gladden. It enters Shannon County just northwest of Rector and enters the Current River at Akers.

Gladden Creek has the name of the local Gladden family.

Akers, Missouri
Akers is an unincorporated community in northwestern Shannon County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately eighteen miles northwest of Eminence in the Ozark National Scenic Riverways. Akers houses a campground and access to the Current River.  Since there is no bridge within the community, there was historically a small ferry that allowed vehicles traveling on Highway K to cross the Current River.  It has been out of service since 2021.