hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New Year Lake
New Year Lake is a lake in the Hays Canyon Range of northwestern Washoe County, Nevada, US, at elevation 5,948 feet (1,813 metres). Explorer John C. Frémont passed New Year Lake on December 26, 1843 during his second expedition; it was included, unnamed, on the map he created after the expedition in 1845.
The name of New Year Lake was changed into Crook's Lake in the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) in 1966 after a local rancher sent a note to the Board on Geographic Names, in which he wrote that the lake was called "Crooks Lake" ever since a battle took place in 1867 near the lake between General George Crook and the Northern Paiute. However, no reference to a battle at this location was noted in a history about the Snake War, though Crook was at the Battle of Steen's Mountain. The name change was reversed in 1989 because the name "New Year Lake" was used historically. "Crooks Lake" is listed as a variant name together with Roops Lake.

Snake War
The Snake War (1864–1868) was an irregular war fought by the United States of America against the "Snake Indians," the settlers' term for Northern Paiute, Bannock and Western Shoshone bands who lived along the Snake River.  Fighting took place in the states of Oregon, Nevada, and California, and in Idaho Territory. Total casualties from both sides of the conflict numbered 1,762 dead, wounded, or captured.
Ernest Tassart
Ernest Maurice Tassart (18 November 1868 in Paris – 26 August 1930 in Marylebone) was a French competitor in foil fencing competitions at the 1900 Summer Olympics. He owned Tassart's Salle D'Armes at Margaret Street, Oxford Circus, London during the 1910s and regularly held the annual varsity (Oxford vs. Cambridge university) fencing matches.

Marylebone
Marylebone (usually /ˈmɑːrlɪbən/ MAR-lib-ən, also /ˈmærɪ(lə)bən/ MARR-il-ə-bən, MARR-ib-ən) is an area in London, England, and is located in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. Oxford Street forms its southern boundary.

An ancient parish and latterly a metropolitan borough, it merged with the boroughs of Westminster and Paddington to form the new City of Westminster in 1965.

Marylebone station lies two miles north-west of Charing Cross.

The area is also served by numerous tube stations: Baker Street, Bond Street, Edgware Road (Bakerloo line), Edgware Road (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines), Great Portland Street, Marble Arch, Marylebone, Oxford Circus, and Regent's Park.
1990 World Junior Canoe Slalom Championships
The 1990 ICF World Junior Canoe Slalom Championships were the 3rd edition of the ICF World Junior Canoe Slalom Championships. The event took place in Tavanasa, Switzerland from 13 to 22 July 1990 under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation (ICF).

Seven medal events took place. The C2 team event was not held. It was the first time that team events were part of the world junior championships.

Tavanasa
Tavanasa lies in the municipality of Breil/Brigels, Graubünden, Switzerland. It has a station on the Disentis - Reichenau line of the Rhätische Bahn railway.

Tavanasa is a major sports activities area offering skiing in the winter and watersports along the Rhine in the summer.

The Tavanasa Bridge is a major crossing of the Rhine (Vorderrhein).
GetFEM++
GetFEM++ is a generic finite element C++ library with interfaces for Python, Matlab and Scilab. It aims at providing finite element methods and elementary matrix computations for solving linear and non-linear problems numerically. Its flexibility in choosing among different finite element approximations and numerical integration methods is one of its distinguishing characteristics.

Scilab
Scilab is a free and open-source, cross-platform numerical computational package and a high-level, numerically oriented programming language.  It can be used for signal processing, statistical analysis, image enhancement, fluid dynamics simulations, numerical optimization, and modeling, simulation of explicit and implicit dynamical systems and (if the corresponding toolbox is installed) symbolic manipulations.

Scilab is one of the two major open-source alternatives to MATLAB, the other one being GNU Octave. Scilab puts less emphasis on syntactic compatibility with MATLAB than Octave does, but it is similar enough that some authors suggest that it is easy to transfer skills between the two systems.
Andreas (archbishop of Bari)
Andreas (or Andrew) was the Archbishop of Bari from 1062 to at least 1066, and probably somewhat longer. In 1066, he travelled to Constantinople where at some point he converted to Judaism. He then fled to Muslim-ruled Egypt and remained there until his death in 1078.

Norman Golb
Norman Golb (15 January 1928 – 29 December 2020) was a scholar of Jewish history and the Ludwig Rosenberger Professor in Jewish History and Civilization at the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.
Timothy Shary
Timothy Shary (born August 17, 1967) is an American film scholar, and a leading authority on the representation of youth in movies.  He has been a professor at the University of Massachusetts, Clark University, and the University of Oklahoma. He is now a professor at Eastern Florida State College.

Shary has focused on the representational politics of age and gender.  His essays and reviews have appeared in  Men and Masculinities, Film Quarterly, Sight & Sound, Journal of Film and Video, Film Criticism, Journal of Popular Film and Television, Wide Angle, and The Journal of Popular Culture.

Sight and Sound
Sight and Sound (formerly written Sight & Sound) is a monthly film magazine published by the British Film Institute (BFI). Since 1952, it has conducted the well-known decennial Sight and Sound Poll of the Greatest Films of All Time.
Tibi
Tibi can refer to:

Tibi (fashion brand), an American fashion company

Tibi, Alicante, a municipality in Spain

Tibi (footballer) (1951–2021), Portuguese footballer

Ahmad Tibi (born 1958), Israeli Arab politician

Bassam Tibi (born 1944), Syrian–German professor of political science

Eitan Tibi (born 1987), Israeli footballer

a nickname for Tibor

Tibi (fashion brand)
Tibi is an American fashion company based in New York City. Tibi's design studio, showroom, and flagship store is located in Soho, New York. It was founded by Amy Smilovic in 1997.

The brand is known for its contemporary and minimalistic design aesthetic, and its clothing and accessories are sold in high-end department stores and boutiques worldwide. Tibi's collections include ready-to-wear, footwear, and handbags.
Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk
Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk (c. 1510) is a drawing currently in the collection of the Royal Library of Turin. It is widely, though not universally, accepted as a self-portrait of the Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci. It is thought that Leonardo drew this self-portrait at about the age of 60. The portrait has been extensively reproduced and has become an iconic representation of him as a polymath or "Renaissance man". Despite this, some historians and scholars disagree as to the true identity of the sitter.

High Renaissance
In art history, the High Renaissance was a short period of the most exceptional artistic production in the Italian states, particularly Rome, capital of the Papal States, and in Florence, during the Italian Renaissance. Most art historians state that the High Renaissance started between 1490 and 1500, and ended in 1520 with the death of Raphael, although some say the High Renaissance ended about 1525, or in 1527 with the Sack of Rome by the mutinous army of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, or about 1530. The best-known exponents of painting, sculpture, and architecture of the High Renaissance include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bramante. In the 21st century, the use of the term has been frequently criticized by some academic art historians for oversimplifying artistic developments, ignoring historical context, and focusing only on a few iconic works.
Claus Mørch Sr.
Claus Mørch Sr. (16 April 1912 – 14 March 2004) was a Norwegian fencer. He competed in the individual and team épée events at the 1948 Summer Olympics. His son Claus Mørch Jr. fenced for Norway at the 1972 Summer Olympics and his granddaughter, Margrete Mørch, fenced at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Symphony No. 1 (Nielsen)
Symphony No. 1 in G minor, Op. 7, FS 16, is the first symphony of Danish composer Carl Nielsen. Written between 1891 and 1892, it was dedicated to his wife, Anne Marie Carl-Nielsen. The work's première, on 14 March 1894, was performed by Johan Svendsen conducting the Chapel Royal Orchestra (Royal Danish Orchestra), with Nielsen himself among the second violins. It is one of two symphonies by Nielsen without a subtitle (the other being his Symphony No. 5).

Johan Svendsen
Johan Severin Svendsen (30 September 1840 – 14 June 1911) was a Norwegian composer, conductor and violinist. Born in Christiania (now Oslo), Norway, he lived most of his life in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Svendsen's output includes two symphonies, a violin concerto, a cello concerto, and the Romance for violin, as well as a number of Norwegian Rhapsodies for orchestra. At one time Svendsen was an intimate friend of the German composer Richard Wagner and Icelandic composer Sveinbjörn Sveinbjörnsson.
2018 Bangkok Challenger – Doubles
Grégoire Barrère and Jonathan Eysseric were the defending champions and chose not to defend their title.

Gerard and Marcel Granollers won the title after defeating Zdeněk Kolář and Gonçalo Oliveira 6–3, 7–6(8–6) in the final.

Grégoire Barrère
Grégoire Barrère (French pronunciation: [ɡʁeɡwaʁ baʁɛʁ]; born 16 February 1994) is a French former professional tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 49, which was achieved on 3 July 2023. He also has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of No. 161 achieved on 26 April 2021. Barrère has won six ATP Challenger Tour and six ITF Futures singles titles as well as five Challenger and six ITF doubles titles in his career.
Cow Country
Cow Country is a 1953 American Western film directed by Lesley Selander and written by Adele Buffington and Thomas W. Blackburn. The film stars Edmond O'Brien, Helen Westcott, Robert Lowery, Barton MacLane, Peggie Castle, Robert Barrat and James Millican. The film was released on April 26, 1953, by Allied Artists Pictures.

Lesley Selander
Lesley Selander (May 26, 1900 – December 5, 1979) was an American film director of Westerns and adventure movies. His career as director, spanning 127 feature films and dozens of TV episodes, lasted from 1936 to 1968. Before that, Selander was assistant director on films such as The Cat and the Fiddle (1934), A Night at the Opera (1935), and Fritz Lang's Fury (1936).

To this day Selander remains one of the most prolific directors of feature Westerns in cinema history, having taken the helm for 107 Westerns between his first directorial feature in 1936 and 1967.  In 1956 he was nominated for the Directors Guild of America award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Television, for his work directing a 1954 episode of Lassie.
Peter Curtis (footballer)
Peter Curtis (born 13 January 1933) is a former  Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Curtis won the 1951 South West Football League (New South Wales) senior football best and fairest award, the Gammage Medal.

Curtis later transferred to play with Griffith Football Club in 1953, then with North Albury Football Club in the Ovens & Murray Football League in 1954.

Ovens & Murray Football Netball League
The Ovens and Murray Football Netball League (OMFNL or O&MFNL) is an Australian rules football and netball competition containing ten clubs based in north-eastern Victoria, the southern Riverina region of New South Wales and the Ovens and Murray area. The name comes from the Ovens River, the river in the part of north-eastern Victoria covered by the league, and the Murray River, which separates Victoria and New South Wales.

The league features three grades in the Australian rules football competition, with these being Seniors, Reserve-Grade and Under 18s. In the netball competition, there are four grades, with these being A-Grade, B-Grade, C-Grade and Under 16s.

Currently a home and away season consisting of eighteen rounds is played. The best five teams then play off according to the McIntyre system, culminating in the O&MFNL Grand Final, which from 1995 to 2017 was held at the Lavington Sports Ground in the Albury suburb of Hamilton Valley.
Maras (surname)
Maras is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alen Maras (born 1982), Croatian footballer

Anthony Maras, Australian filmmaker

Čedo Maras (born 1959), Yugoslav goalkeeper

Gordan Maras (born 1974), Croatian politician

Mate Maras (born 1939), Croatian translator

Robert Maras (born 1978), German basketball player

Tommy Maras (born 1967), Australian footballer

Vlasios Maras (born 1983), Greek gymnast

Vukashin Maras (born 1938 died 2008), Montenegrin politician and Minister of Interior of Montenegro

Gordan Maras
Gordan Maras (born 13 June 1974) is a Croatian economist and politician who served as a minister at Ministry of Entrepreneurship and Crafts at the Cabinet of Zoran Milanović from 2011 until 2016. He was a member of the centre-left Social Democratic Party (SDP).
The Monthly Review (London)
The Monthly Review (1749–1845) was an English periodical founded by Ralph Griffiths, a Nonconformist bookseller. The first periodical in England to offer reviews, it featured the novelist and poet Oliver Goldsmith as an early contributor. Griffiths himself, and likely his wife Isabella Griffiths, contributed review articles to the periodical. Later contributors included James Ralph, Dr. Charles Burney, John Cleland, Theophilus Cibber, James Grainger, Anna Letitia Barbauld, Elizabeth Moody, and Tobias Smollett—who would go on to establish the Monthly's competitor in 1756, The Critical Review. William Kenrick, the "superlative scoundrel", was editor from 1759 to 1766.

In 1758, the periodical reviewed James Ralph’s pamphlet The Case of Authors, characterising it as a just appraisal of the difficulties faced by professional authors.

John Cleland
John Cleland (24 September 1709 – 23 January 1789) was an English novelist best known for his fictional Fanny Hill: or, the Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure, whose eroticism led to his arrest. James Boswell called him "a sly, old malcontent".
Alone (Chet Atkins album)
Alone is the 44th studio album by the American guitarist Chet Atkins. It peaked at number 42 on the Billboard country albums chart. Atkins was diagnosed with colon cancer during the recording of this album.

Jerry Reed
Jerry Reed Hubbard (March 20, 1937 – September 1, 2008), known professionally as Jerry Reed, was an American country singer, guitarist, composer, songwriter, and actor who appeared in more than a dozen films. His signature songs included "Guitar Man", "U.S. Male", "A Thing Called Love", "Alabama Wild Man", "Amos Moses", "When You're Hot, You're Hot" (which garnered a Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Performance, Male), "Ko-Ko Joe", "Lord, Mr. Ford", "East Bound and Down" (the theme song for the 1977 film Smokey and the Bandit, in which Reed co-starred), "The Bird", and "She Got the Goldmine (I Got the Shaft)".

Reed was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum. He was announced as an inductee into the Country Music Hall of Fame in April 2017, and he was officially inducted by Bobby Bare on October 24.
La Sept (album)
La Sept is a 1989 promotional album of music for the French TV network La Sept written by Michael Nyman and performed by the Michael Nyman Band.  It is Nyman's fourteenth release.  Gabrielle Lester makes her debut with the band on this album.  After a 13-year hiatus (at least from recording) with the band, she would replace the departing Alexander Balanescu as concertmaster for The Michael Nyman Band during the recording of Facing Goya, and, as of 2008, remains in that position.  Musical passages created for La Sept were later re-used for the piece The Final Score which is featured in the album After Extra Time.

Concertmaster
The concertmaster (from the German Konzertmeister), first chair (US) or leader (UK) is the principal first violin player in an orchestra, or the principal clarinetist or oboist in a concert band. After the conductor, the concertmaster is the most significant leader in an orchestra, symphonic band or other musical ensemble.
Upleward
Upleward (East Frisian Low Saxon: Plewert) is a village in the region of East Frisia, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is part of the municipality of Krummhörn. The village is located between Hamswehrum and Campen.

Upleward is built on a warft which has been inhabited since at least the Early Middle Ages. The village center consists of traditional single-family houses, built around the Gothic church from the 14th century. The church's narrow pointed arches are typical of the time.

In 2004, an iron dagger inscribed with the words "ANNA" and "HANA" was discovered in Upleward, dating back to 1450.

Single-family detached home
A single-family detached home – also called a single-detached dwelling, single-family residence (SFR), separate house, or other similar terms – is a free-standing residential building. It is defined in opposition to a multi-family residential dwelling.
Dolphin Encounters
Dolphin Encounters is a natural seawater dolphin facility located on Blue Lagoon Island, (Salt Cay), Nassau, Bahamas. The company started as a rescue facility in 1989. The beach scenes in the movie Splash were taped on Blue Lagoon Island and the facility houses Atlantic bottlenose dolphins and California sea lions. Dolphin Encounters is owned and operated by a local family. The facility has received a Cacique Award from the Bahamas Ministry of Tourism. In 2003, Dolphin Encounters and Project B.E.A.C.H. received the Cacique Award from the Bahamas Ministry of Tourism.

Common bottlenose dolphin
The common bottlenose dolphin or Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is one of three species of bottlenose dolphin in the genus Tursiops. While formerly known simply as the bottlenose dolphin, this term is now applied to the genus Tursiops as a whole. As considerable genetic variation has been described within this species, even between neighboring populations, many experts think additional species may be recognized and split out.

The common bottlenose dolphin is a very familiar dolphin due to the wide exposure it receives in human care in marine parks and dolphinariums, and in movies and television programs. Common bottlenose dolphins inhabit temperate and tropical oceans throughout the world, absent only from polar waters.
Seven Mile Island Archeological District
The Seven Mile Island Archeological District is an archeological site on an island in the Tennessee River in Colbert and Lauderdale County, Alabama, United States.  The island is believed to have been inhabited for about 9,000 years, with the earliest artifacts dated to the early Archaic Period.  Out of 18 sites identified on the island, two have had extensive study.  The Perry Site (1Lu25) is a seven-foot (2.1-meter) thick midden containing ceramic potsherds from the Archaic period.  The Seven Mile Island site (1Lu21) is a Mississippian village site and mound.  A number of arrowheads and flint knives, as well as a bottle with an engraved bird have been found at the site.  41 burials from the Mississippian era were also unearthed.

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Mound
A mound is a heaped pile of earth, gravel, sand, rocks, or debris. Most commonly, mounds are earthen formations such as hills and mountains, particularly if they appear artificial. A mound may be any rounded area of topographically higher elevation on any surface.   Artificial mounds have been created for a variety of reasons throughout history, including habitation (see Tell and Terp), ceremonial (platform mound), burial (tumulus), and commemorative purposes (e.g. Kościuszko Mound).
Kvale
Kvale is a surname of Norwegian origin, originating as a habitational surname for someone from any of numerous farmsteads named Kvale. Notable people with the surname include:

Barbro Kvåle (born 1992), Norwegian cross country skier and ski orienteering competitor

Gard Kvale (born 1984), Norwegian swimmer

Gerd Kvale (born 1955), Norwegian psychologist

Ole J. Kvale (1869-1929), American Lutheran Minister and politician

Paul John Kvale (1896-1960), American politician

Barbro Kvåle
Barbro Kvåle  (born 21 February 1992) is a Norwegian cross country skier and ski orienteering competitor.

At the 2011 World Ski Orienteering Championships she won a silver medal in women's relay, along with Stine Olsen Kirkevik and Marte Reenaas on the Norwegian team, while she placed 9th in the long distance, 14th in the middle distance, and 5th in the sprint.
History of slavery in Utah
Slavery as it occurred in the borders of what is now the state of Utah has a complicated history. Under Spanish and Mexican rule, Utah was a major source of illegal slave raids by Mexican, Ute and Navajo slave traders, particularly on Paiute tribes. When Mormon pioneers entered Utah, they introduced African slavery and provided a local market for Indian slavery.  After the Mexican–American War, Utah became part of the United States and slavery was officially legalized in Utah Territory on February 4, 1852, with the passing of the Act in Relation to Service. It was repealed on June 19, 1862, when Congress prohibited slavery in all US territories.

Slave raiding
Slave raiding is a military raid for the purpose of capturing people and bringing them from the raid area to serve as slaves. Once a common part of warfare, it is now widely considered a war crime. Slave raiding has occurred since antiquity. Some of the earliest surviving written records of slave raiding come from Sumer (in present-day Iraq). Kidnapping and prisoners of war were the most common sources of African slaves, although indentured servitude or punishment also resulted in slavery.

The many alternative methods of obtaining human beings to work in indentured or other involuntary conditions, as well as technological and cultural changes, have made slave raiding rarer.
Wallace (The Wire)
Wallace is a character on the HBO drama The Wire, played by actor Michael B. Jordan. Wallace is a 16-year-old drug dealer for the Barksdale Organization, who works in the low-rise projects crew known as "The Pit" with his friends and fellow dealers Bodie and Poot. When information he provides leads to the brutal death of Brandon Wright, the boyfriend of stick-up artist Omar Little, Wallace feels guilty and tries to leave the drug trade. He informs on the Barksdale Organization to the police, and as a result he is killed by Bodie and Poot under orders from drug kingpin Stringer Bell.

Drug lord
A drug lord, drug baron, kingpin, or lord of drugs is a type of crime boss in charge of a drug trafficking network, organization, or enterprise. When a group of independent drug lords collude with each other, in order to improve their profits and dominate the illegal drug trade, they form an organization called a drug cartel.