hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nivation
Nivation is the set of geomorphic processes associated with snow patches. The primary processes are mass wasting and the freeze-and-thaw cycle, in which fallen snow gets compacted into firn or névé. The importance of the processes covered by the term nivation with regard to the development of periglacial landscapes has been questioned by scholars, and the use of the term is discouraged.

Nivation has come to include various subprocesses related to snow patches which may be immobile or semi-permanent. These sub-processes include erosion (if any) or initiation of erosion, weathering, and meltwater flow from beneath the snow patch.

Weathered particles are moved downslope by creep, solifluction and rill wash. Over time, this leads to the formation of nivation hollows which, when enlarged, can be the beginnings of a cirque.

Periglaciation
Periglaciation (adjective: "periglacial", referring to places at the edges of glacial areas) describes geomorphic processes that result from seasonal thawing and freezing, very often in areas of permafrost. The meltwater may refreeze in ice wedges and other structures. "Periglacial" originally suggested an environment located on the margin of past glaciers. However, freeze and thaw cycles influence landscapes also outside areas of past glaciation. Therefore, periglacial environments are anywhere when freezing and thawing modify the landscape in a significant manner.
Hot in Cleveland season 3
The third season of the TV Land original sitcom Hot in Cleveland premiered on November 30, 2011. TV Land originally ordered 22 episodes but later increased the order to 24. The series stars Valerie Bertinelli, Wendie Malick, Jane Leeves, and Betty White.

Valerie Bertinelli
Valerie Anne Bertinelli (born April 23, 1960) is an American actress and television personality. She began acting as a child and made her screen debut in a 1974 episode of Apple's Way. She gained wide recognition for portraying Barbara Cooper Royer on the sitcom One Day at a Time (1975–1984), winning two Golden Globes for Best Supporting Actress. She also starred in several television films and played the titular character in the sitcom Sydney (1990).

Bertinelli earned adult stardom with the religious drama series Touched by an Angel (2001–2003) and the sitcom Hot in Cleveland (2010–2015), netting her a SAG Award nomination. She received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2012. She has since hosted several programs for Food Network, including the cooking shows Valerie's Home Cooking (2015–2023) and Kids Baking Championship (2015–2024). She won two Daytime Emmy Awards for her hosting, and signed a deal with Food Network in 2021.
Alexyar Cañas
Alexyar Carolina Cañas García (born 5 December 1996) is a Venezuelan footballer who plays as a midfielder for Ecuadorian Super Liga Femenina club Carneras UPS. She was a member of the Venezuela women's national team.

Serie A Femenina de Ecuador
The Serie A Femenina de Ecuador is the highest amateur league of women's football in Ecuador. The competition is organised by the Ecuadorian Football Federation. Until 2013, the tournament was played by divisional selections and not clubs. After a restructuring in 2013 clubs contest the league title. Until 2018, the winner qualified to the Copa Libertadores Femenina.

As of 2014 all teams are amateur and do not pay their players, the only exception is Rocafuerte which pays small amounts of money.
Christ Heart Church
The Christ Heart Church (Japanese: 基督心宗教団) is a new religious movement that was formed in 1927. Its founder, Kawai Shinsui (川合信水, 1867–1962), reinterpreted the faith through the lenses of Confucian and Buddhist traditions by claiming that Christianity offers a more complete path of self-cultivation and advocates traditional Buddhist disciplines of meditation to achieve a Christian satori (enlightenment). Zen meditation and kyōkenjutsu (強健術) became important means of development in the Christ Heart Church.

In sharp contrast to Protestant missionary policy, the Christ Heart Church allow its members to maintain the traditional Buddhist altar in the home. They also see no conflict between Christian faith and ancestor veneration. Members are encouraged to show "proper respect" toward traditional customs, and the church supports participation in Buddhist ancestral rites with non-Christian family members.

Buddhist paths to liberation
The Buddhist path (marga) to liberation, also referred to as awakening, is described in a wide variety of ways. The Noble Eightfold Path is prominent in Theravada Buddhism and popularly well-known, but is only one of several summaries presented in the Sutta Pitaka. A number of other summaries of the path to liberation are given within various Buddhist traditions, of which the four stages of dhyana may be the most prominent one.
Pratapa tyotaroi
Pratapa tyotaroi is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae first described by Hisakazu Hayashi in 1981. It is endemic to the Philippines. On Mindanao island it is distributed on Mount Apo, Mount Kitanglad and Mount Masara.

Its forewing length is 13–18 mm.

Etymology: The specific name is dedicated to the nickname of Yasusuke Nishiyama, a Japanese lepidopterist.

Mount Kitanglad
Mount Kitanglad is an inactive volcano located in the Kitanglad Mountain Range in Bukidnon province on Mindanao island. It is the fourth highest mountain in the Philippines and has an approximate height of 2,899 metres (9,511 ft). It is located between Malaybalay and the municipalities of Lantapan, Impasugong, Sumilao and Libona. It is home to one of the Philippines' few remaining rainforests. It is part of the ancestral domain of the Higaonon, the Talaandig, and the Bukidnon people.

Due to its high elevation, several communications and broadcasting companies constructed relay stations at the summit.
White Bear Tavern
White Bear Tavern (Serbian: Кафана "Бели медвед", romanized: Kafana "Beli medved") is a former kafana in Belgrade, in the municipality of Zemun. First mentioned in 1658, it is the oldest surviving edifice in the territory of modern Belgrade, not counting the Belgrade Fortress. However, Zemun developed completely independently from Belgrade for centuries and for the most part during the history two towns belonged to two different states. Zemun became part of the same administrative unit as Belgrade on 4 October 1929, lost a separate town status to Belgrade in 1934 and made a continuous built-up area with Belgrade only since the 1950s. Hence, the House at 10 Cara Dušana Street in Belgrade's downtown neighborhood of Dorćol is usually named as the oldest house in Belgrade, while the White Bear Tavern is titled as the oldest house in Zemun. In 2023, it was declared a cultural monument.

National heritage site
A national heritage site is a heritage site having a value that has been registered by a governmental agency as being of national importance to the cultural heritage or history of that country. Usually such sites are listed in a heritage register that is open to the public, and many are advertised by national visitor bureaus as tourist attractions.

Usually such a heritage register list is split by type of feature (natural wonder, ruin, engineering marvel, etc.). In many cases a country may maintain more than one register; there are also registers for entities that span more than one country.
Tennis at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's outdoor doubles
The outdoor men's doubles competition at the 1912 Summer Olympics was part of the tennis program for the games. There were 42 players from 10 nations, comprising 21 teams. Nations were limited to 4 pairs (8 players) each. The event was won by South African team Harold Kitson and Charles Winslow, defeating Austrians Felix Pipes and Arthur Zborzil in the final. It was the first medal in the event for both nations. France earned its first men's double since 1900 as Albert Canet and Édouard Mény de Marangue defeated Jaroslav Just and Ladislav Žemla of Bohemia in the bronze-medal match.

Albert Canet
Henry Albert Canet (17 April 1878 – 25 July 1930) was a male tennis player from France. He competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden where he won two bronze medals. In the singles division, he succeeded in beating Norwegian Conrad Langaard, although lost to American opponent Roosevelt Pell.
John Prendergast (artist)
John Prendergast was a painter who was born in England in about 1815. He sailed from Manila to Honolulu aboard the Spanish brig Flecha, arriving January 14, 1848. On July 15, 1848, he departed Honolulu for San Francisco aboard the Chilean brig Correo de Talcahuano.  For four years, he produced numerous drawings and watercolor paintings in California, and then disappeared from the public record.  Several lithographs were made from his paintings, the best known being his 1850 Procession at San Francisco in Celebration of the Admission of California.

The Honolulu Museum of Art and the Oakland Museum of California are among the public collections holding works by John Prendergast.

Oakland Museum of California
The Oakland Museum of California or OMCA (formerly the Oakland Museum) is an interdisciplinary museum dedicated to the art, history, and natural science of California, located at 1000 Oak Street in Oakland, California. The museum contains more than 1.8 million objects dedicated to "telling the extraordinary story of California."
2010 Birmingham City Council election
The 2010 Birmingham City Council Election took place on 6 May 2010 to elect members of Birmingham City Council in the West Midlands, England. One third of the council was up for election, one seat in each of the city's 40 council wards, with the election taking place at the same time as the general election.

Birmingham City Council
Birmingham City Council is the local authority for the city of Birmingham in the West Midlands, England. Birmingham has had an elected local authority since 1838, which has been reformed several times. Since 1974 the council has been a metropolitan borough council, a type of unitary authority. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. It is the most populous local government district in England, serving over 1.1 million people. The council has been a member of the West Midlands Combined Authority since 2016.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2012. It is based at the Council House on Victoria Square, Birmingham.

On 6 September 2023, the council declared effective bankruptcy, and central government commissioners were subsequently appointed to run the council under emergency measures.
Frankie Faison
Frankie Russel Faison (born June 10, 1949) is an American actor known for his role as Commissioner Ervin Burrell in the HBO series The Wire, as Barney Matthews in the Hannibal Lecter franchise, and as Sugar Bates in the Cinemax series Banshee.

Hannibal Lecter (franchise)
The Hannibal Lecter franchise is an American media franchise based around the eponymous character, Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant, cannibalistic serial killer whose assistance is routinely sought out by law enforcement personnel to aid in the capture of other criminals. He originally appeared in a series of novels (starting with Red Dragon in 1981) by Thomas Harris. The series has since expanded into film and television, having four timeline-connected franchise films: The Silence of the Lambs (1991), Hannibal (2001), Red Dragon (2002) and Hannibal Rising (2007), with three starring Anthony Hopkins.
Ivanovo Severny air base
Ivanovo Severny (also Ivanovo air base and Ivanovo North) is an air base in Russia located 6 km north of Ivanovo.  It is a large transport operation airfield with hangars and significant tarmac space.  The runway was built in 1935 and upgraded in 1965.  The airfield received the Soviet Union's first Ilyushin Il-76 delivery on June 3, 1974.

The base is home to the 144th Airborne Early Warning Aviation Regiment of the 12th Military Transport Aviation Division and the VTA training/development centre, the 610th Center for Combat Use and Retraining of Military Transport Aviation Flight Personnel (610th CBP i PLS) which uses the A-50 and A-50U airborne early warning and control aircraft.

Yakovlev Yak-52
The Yakovlev Yak-52 (Russian: Яковлев Як-52) is a Soviet primary trainer aircraft which first flew in 1976. It was produced in Romania from 1977 to 1998 by Aerostar, as Iak-52, which gained manufacturing rights under agreement within the former COMECON socialist trade organisation. The Yak-52 was designed as an aerobatic trainer for students in the Soviet DOSAAF training organisation, which trained civilian sport pilots and military pilots.  Currently the Yak-52 is used in the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) World Aerobatic Yak 52 Competition, a popular powered aircraft one-design World Aerobatic Championship.
Trisobbio
Trisobbio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Alessandria.

Trisobbio borders the following municipalities: Carpeneto, Cremolino, Montaldo Bormida, Morsasco, Orsara Bormida, Ovada, and Rocca Grimalda.

Province of Alessandria
The province of Alessandria (Italian: provincia di Alessandria; Piedmontese: provincia ëd Lissandria; in Piedmontese of Alessandria: provinsa ëd Lissändria) is an province of the region of Piedmont in Italy. The capital is the city of Alessandria. It has a population of 407,029 across its 187 municipalities as of 2025.

With an area of 3,558.83 square kilometres (1,374.07 mi2) it is the third largest province of Piedmont after the province of Cuneo and the Metropolitan City of Turin. To the north it borders on the province of Vercelli and to the west on the Metropolitan City of Turin and the province of Asti. It shares its southern border with Liguria (province of Savona and the Metropolitan City of Genoa). Its south-east corner touches the Province of Piacenza in Emilia-Romagna, while to the east it borders on the Lombard province of Pavia.
18 and Life
"18 and Life" is a song by American heavy metal band Skid Row. It was released in June 1989 as the second single from their self-titled debut album. The power ballad is the band's biggest hit, reaching No. 4 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and No. 11 on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on September 13, 1989, when it sold 500,000 copies. The song also charted at No. 12 on the UK Singles Chart, No. 6 in Canada, and  No. 5 in Ireland.

In April 2015, Skid Row released a new version of the song with then-lead vocalist Tony Harnell.

Tony Harnell
Tony Harnell (born September 18, 1962) is an American singer, best known for his work with Norwegian hard rock band TNT. He is known for his wide vocal range, with his modal voice spanning over four octaves. Harnell has also been the frontman of Starbreaker and Skid Row.
1969 Texas vs. Arkansas football game
The 1969 Texas vs. Arkansas football game, sometimes referred to as the "Game of the Century", was a college football game played on December 6 in which No. 1 Texas visited No. 2 Arkansas at Razorback Stadium in Fayetteville, Arkansas. The Longhorns came back from a 14–0 deficit after three quarters to win 15–14.

President Richard Nixon attended the game and established it as a national championship game by announcing he would award the winning team a presidential plaque declaring them "the number-one college football team in college football's one-hundredth year."

With a Nielsen rating of 52.1 (a 74 share), this was and remains as of 2023, the highest TV rating in American football history, college or professional.

Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium
Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium is an American football stadium in Fayetteville, Arkansas and serves as the home field of the University of Arkansas Razorbacks football team since its opening in 1938. The stadium was formerly known as Razorback Stadium since 1941 before the name of Donald W. Reynolds, an American businessman and philanthropist, was added in 2001. The playing field in the stadium is named  Frank Broyles Field, honoring former Arkansas head football coach and athletic director Frank Broyles.

During the 2000-2001 renovations, Razorback Stadium increased the seating capacity from 50,019 to 72,000, with an option to expand capacity to 76,000 with the "temporary" bleacher seating atop the south end. The current seating capacity is 76,212.
2015 Mountain West Conference football season
The 2015 Mountain West Conference football season was the 17th season of college football for the Mountain West Conference (MW). In the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS football season, the MW had 12 football members: Air Force, Boise State, Colorado State, Fresno State, Hawaii, Nevada, New Mexico, San Diego State, San Jose State, UNLV, Utah State, and Wyoming.

2015 Utah State Aggies football team
The 2015 Utah State Aggies football team represented Utah State University in the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Aggies were led by third-year head coach Matt Wells and played their home games at Merlin Olsen Field at Maverik Stadium. This was Utah State's third season as members of the Mountain West Conference in the Mountain Division. They finished the season 6–7, 5–3 in Mountain West play to finish in a four-way tie for second place in the Mountain Division. They were invited to the Famous Idaho Potato Bowl where they lost to Akron.
Qhairul Anwar Roslani
Qhairul Anwar Roslani (born 22 January 1987 in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan) is a Malaysian footballer currently playing for PDRM FA in Malaysia Super League as a defender.

He was a member of the Negeri Sembilan FA team that made the final of the 2010 Malaysia Cup, but lost to Kelantan FA.

2010 Malaysia Cup
The 2010 Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia 2010) was the 84th edition of the Malaysia Cup. The competition began on 14 September 2010 and concluded on 30 October 2010 with the final, held at National Stadium, Bukit Jalil. A total of 16 teams took part in the competition. The teams were divided into 4 groups of 4 teams. The group leaders and runners-up teams in the groups after 6 matches qualified to the quarterfinals.
Nanchang District
Nanchang District (simplified Chinese: 南长区; traditional Chinese: 南長區; pinyin: Nán Cháng Qū, Wu: Nu Zang Qu) is one of six urban districts of Wuxi, Jiangsu province, China.

Southeast of the city center, the district includes more ancient infrastructure and historically important sites. The area is also densely industrial.

Wuxi
Wuxi (Chinese: 无锡; pinyin: Wúxī, WOO-shee) is a city in southern Jiangsu, China. As of 2024, it had a population of 7,495,000. The city lies in the southern Yangtze delta and borders Lake Tai. Notable landmarks include Lihu Park, the Mt. Lingshan Grand Buddha Scenic Area and its 88-meter (289 ft)-tall Grand Buddha at Ling Shan statue, Xihui Park, Wuxi Zoo, and the Wuxi Museum. Transportation options include Wuxi Shuofang Airport, Wuxi Metro, Shanghai–Nanjing intercity high-speed railway, and Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway. Wuxi is home to Jiangnan University.
Spoonley Wood Roman Villa
Spoonley Wood Roman Villa is an ancient Roman villa located 2 km south-east of Sudeley Castle near the town of Winchcombe, in Gloucestershire, England. It was a courtyard-type villa excavated in 1882. Some remains of the villa, partly reconstructed, can still be seen in Spoonley Wood, and one mosaic is viewable under a corrugated iron roof.

Winchcombe
Winchcombe (/ˈwɪntʃkəm/) is a market town and civil parish in the Borough of Tewkesbury in the county of Gloucestershire, England, situated 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Cheltenham. The population was recorded as 4,538 in the 2011 census and estimated at 5,347 in 2019. The town is located in the Cotswolds and has many features and buildings dating back to medieval times. In 2021 it was the primary strike site of the eponymous Winchcombe meteorite.
Castelletto d'Orba
Castelletto d'Orba is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Alessandria.

Castelletto d'Orba borders the following municipalities: Capriata d'Orba, Lerma, Montaldeo, San Cristoforo, and Silvano d'Orba.

Province of Alessandria
The province of Alessandria (Italian: provincia di Alessandria; Piedmontese: provincia ëd Lissandria; in Piedmontese of Alessandria: provinsa ëd Lissändria) is an province of the region of Piedmont in Italy. The capital is the city of Alessandria. It has a population of 407,029 across its 187 municipalities as of 2025.

With an area of 3,558.83 square kilometres (1,374.07 mi2) it is the third largest province of Piedmont after the province of Cuneo and the Metropolitan City of Turin. To the north it borders on the province of Vercelli and to the west on the Metropolitan City of Turin and the province of Asti. It shares its southern border with Liguria (province of Savona and the Metropolitan City of Genoa). Its south-east corner touches the Province of Piacenza in Emilia-Romagna, while to the east it borders on the Lombard province of Pavia.
Škrilje, Ig
Škrilje (pronounced [ˈʃkɾiːljɛ]) is a village in the Municipality of Ig in central Slovenia. The municipality is part of the traditional region of Inner Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

The site of an Iron Age fortified settlement has been found on Stražar Hill west of the settlement on a strategic point above the Iška Gorge.

Gord (archaeology)
A gord is a medieval Slavonic fortified settlement, usually built on strategic sites such as hilltops (a hillfort), riverbanks, lake islets or peninsulas between the 6th and 12th centuries in Central and Eastern Europe. A typical gord consisted of a group of wooden houses surrounded by a wall made of earth and wood, and a palisade running along the top of the bulwark.
Raul Tutarauli
Raul Tutarauli (Georgian: რაულ თუთარაული; born May 10, 1992) is a Georgian professional mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Lightweight division. He has previously competed on Brave Combat Federation, Konfrontacja Sztuk Walki, Absolute Championship Akhmat, M-1 Global, and UAE Warriors.

Lightweight (MMA)
The lightweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's lightweight division, which groups competitors within 146 to 155 lb (66 to 70 kg)

The Shooto lightweight division, which limits competitors to 145 lb (65.8 kg)

The ONE Championship's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 77.1 kg (170.0 lb)

The Road FC's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 154 lb (70 kg)
Coregency Stela
The Coregency Stela is an ancient Egyptian stela dating from the late Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt. It consists of seven limestone fragments, which were found in a tomb at Amarna. The tablet shows the figures of Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and Meritaten. At some time after the stela was made, Nefertiti's name had been chiselled out and was replaced with Ankhkheperure Neferneferuaten, the name of Akhenaten's co-regent. At the same time Meritaten's name was replaced with that of Ankhesenpaaten, Akhenaten and Nefertiti's third daughter.

The stela might shed light on the events of the little-known late-Amarna Period (14th century BC) and the question of Akhenaten's immediate succession. Restoration and interpretation of the stela vary, but it has been suggested that it supports the claim that Nefertiti should be identified as Akhenaten co-regent and successor.

The stela is currently in the Petrie Museum in London.

Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology
The Petrie Museum of Egyptian and Sudanese Archaeology in London is part of University College London Museums and Collections. The museum contains over 80,000 objects, making it one of the world's largest collections of Egyptian and Sudanese material. It is designated under the Arts Council England Designation Scheme as being of "national and international importance".