hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
3rd Army (Russian Empire)
The Russian Third Army was a World War I Russian field army that fought on the Eastern theatre of war.

Field management was established in July 1914 at the headquarters of the Kiev Military District. The unit was disbanded in the beginning of 1918. At the beginning of the war the 3rd Army was composed of the IX, X, XI, XXI Army Corps.

A detachment of two aircraft  "Ilya Muromets" was based at the Bereza airfield, from the 4th aviation company based at the airfield Lida. The detachment operated jointly with the 3rd Army from February 1915 and, in addition to Bereza, was also based at airfields in Brest-Litovsk and Slutsk.

Lida (air base)
Lida is an air base of the Air Force and Air Defence Forces of the Republic of Belarus located in Lida, Grodno Region, Belarus.

It is home to the 116th Guards Assault Aviation Base, flying Sukhoi Su-25s and Yak-130s alongside the 206th Training Center for Aircrew with Aero L-39C Albatroses.

The 277th Bomber Aviation Regiment of the Russian Air Force with Sukhoi Su-24's from Komsomolsk-on-Amur Airport deployed here as part of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Gabbasov
Gabbasov is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Engels Gabbasov (1937–2014), Kazakh politician and writer

Ruslan Gabbasov (born 1979), Russian activist

Yerkin Gabbasov (born 1983), Kazakh paralympic sport shooter

Engels Gabbasov
Engels Gabbasuly Gabbasov (Kazakh: Энгельс Ғаббасұлы Ғаббасов, Engels Ğabbasūly Ğabbasov; 17 January 1937 – 11 July 2014) was a Kazakh politician and writer who was a Senator for West Kazakhstan Region from 1995 to 1999. Prior to that, he was a member of the Supreme Soviet of Kazakhstan from 1994 to 1995. Gabbasov was a candidate in the 1999 Kazakh presidential election for the People's Union of Kazakhstan Unity.
Won-il Rhee
Won-il Rhee (Korean: 이원일; Hanja: 李圓一; 2 November 1960 – 11 January 2011) was a South Korean digital art curator.  He was born and died in Seoul.

Rhee was the artistic director in 2002 and 2006 of the Media City Seoul Biennale. He was the leading curator of the Total Museum of Art and co-ordinator of the Korean Pavilion for the 1995 Venice Biennale. Also, he served as executive head of the exhibition team for the Third Gwangju Biennale and was one of the curators of the Fourth Prague Biennale in 2009.

From 1996 to 2002, he was head curator at the Sung-Kok Museum of Art and in 2002 he was appointed artistic director of the Media City Seoul Biennale. In 2003, he became chief curator at the Seoul Museum of Art. He also served as the Asian Editor for art publications such as Contemporary Magazine in London and Flash Art in Milan.

Gwangju Biennale
The Gwangju Biennale is a contemporary art biennale founded in September 1995 in Gwangju, South Jeolla province, South Korea. The Biennale is curated by both Korean and International curators and art critics and is hosted by the Gwangju Biennale Foundation and the city of Gwangju. The Gwangju Biennale Foundation also hosts the Gwangju Design Biennale, founded in 2004.
Schelto Kruijff
Schelto Kruijff is a Dutch surgical oncologist and academic researcher, a professor of surgery affiliated with the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG) and the University of Groningen (RUG). His work focuses on surgical oncology, the use of fluorescence-guided surgery, endocrine tumor treatment, and sustainability in healthcare.

Surgical oncology
Surgical oncology is the branch of surgery applied to oncology; it focuses on the surgical management of tumors, especially cancerous tumors.

As one of several modalities in the management of cancer, the specialty of surgical oncology has evolved in steps similar to medical oncology (pharmacotherapy for cancer), which grew out of hematology, and radiation oncology, which grew out of radiology. The Ewing Society—known today as the Society of Surgical Oncology—was started by surgeons interested in promoting the field of oncology. In 2011, the American Board of Surgery ratified Complex General Surgical Oncology via a specialty Board certification. The field was expected to continue expanding via the proliferation of cancer centers, as well as advanced minimally invasive techniques, palliative surgery, and neo-adjuvant treatments.
Herbert E. Clark
Herbert E. Clark is an American politician from Maine. A Democrat from Millinocket, Clark served 12 terms in the Maine House of Representatives. He was first elected in 1980 and was subsequently re-elected every two years until 1996. Clark ran again for the House in 2004. He was re-elected again until 2012, when he was unable to seek re-election due to term-limits. He ran in 2012 against incumbent Republican State Senator Doug Thomas for District 27. Clark (8,061 votes) lost to Thomas (9,481 votes). Two years later in 2014, Clark again ran for State Senate. He lost in the primary to Representative Jim Dill.

Clark attended Eastern Maine Technical College, Kennebec Technical College and University of Maine.

Eastern Maine Community College
Eastern Maine Community College (EMCC) is a public community college in Bangor, Maine. It offers over 30 one- and two-year degree programs. The college offers technical, liberal arts, and career programs at the undergraduate level.
2023 Libéma Open – Men's singles
Tallon Griekspoor defeated Jordan Thompson in the final, 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–3), 6–3 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2023 Libéma Open. It was his second ATP Tour title.

Tim van Rijthoven was the reigning champion, but did not compete due to an elbow injury.

This tournament marked the return of 2016 Wimbledon finalist and former world No. 3 Milos Raonic, after being away from the tour since 2021. He lost in the second round to Thompson.

Rinky Hijikata
Rinky Hijikata (土方 凛輝; born 23 February 2001) is an Australian professional tennis player. His most notable results are in doubles, where he has been ranked world No. 23 in October 2023 by the ATP. He also has a best singles ranking of No. 62, reached on 26 August 2024. He won the major doubles title at the 2023 Australian Open, with countryman Jason Kubler.
Mettmann Stadtwald station
Mettmann Stadtwald station is located in the town of Mettmann in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia at the end of a fragment of the Düsseldorf-Derendorf–Dortmund Süd railway, opened by the Rhenish Railway Company. The line and the station were opened on 15 September 1879. It was originally called Mettmann, but was renamed to its current name on 26 September 1999. The line is served by line S 28 of the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn.

The station is served by line S 28, running between Mettmann Stadtwald and Kaarster See, operating every 20 minutes during the day. Two out of three services run to/from Wuppertal Hauptbahnhof.

It is also served by eight bus routes operated by Rheinbahn (some with Kreisverkehrsgesellschaft Mettmann): SB68 (60 minute intervals), O10 (60), O11 (irregular), O13 (20), 742 (20–60), 745 (30–60), 746 (20) and 749 (60).

Rheinbahn
Rheinbahn is a German public transport operator operating in Düsseldorf, Meerbusch and Kreis Mettmann. Its network consists of the Düsseldorf Stadtbahn, a network of 11 Stadtbahn (light rail) lines which are integrated in the Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn network, as well as Düsseldorf's tram system and 92 bus lines. The total rail network length was 155.2 kilometres (96.4 mi) in 2021. In 2004, Rheinbahn transported 690,000 passengers per day.
Henry H. Page House
The Henry H. Page House is a historic house located at 221 North Union Street in Vermont, Illinois. Horse breeder Henry H. Page had the house built for his family in 1912–13. The house's design reflects a contemporary trend which architectural historian Alan Gowans described as Picturesque Eclectic; while its form distinctly fits a recognizable style, in its case the American Foursquare, its ornamentation borrows from multiple different styles. The large front gable dormer, which includes a horseshoe arch opening and decorated spandrels, is a Queen Anne feature. The cornice features both bracketing and stickwork, decorative elements of the Italianate and Stick styles respectively. The brick piers supporting the front porch come from the American Craftsman style, while the leaded windows are Classical Revival elements.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 7, 1996.

Spandrel
A spandrel is a roughly triangular space, usually found in pairs, between the top of an arch and a rectangular frame, between the tops of two adjacent arches, or one of the four spaces between a circle within a square. They are frequently filled with decorative elements.
Hate mail
Hate mail (as electronic, posted, or otherwise) is a form of harassment, usually consisting of invective and potentially intimidating or threatening comments towards the recipient. Hate mail often contains exceptionally abusive, foul or otherwise hurtful language.

The recipient may receive disparaging remarks concerning their ethnicity, gender, religion, intelligence, political ideology, sense of ethics, or sense of aesthetics. The text of hate mail often contains profanity, or it may simply contain a negative message.

Senders of hate mail normally send anonymous letters or pose as someone else (either a different or fictitious individual) in order to avoid being identified.

Profanity
Profanity, also known as swearing, cursing, or cussing, is the usage of notionally offensive words for a variety of purposes, including to demonstrate disrespect or negativity, to relieve pain, to express a strong emotion (such as anger, excitement, or surprise), as a grammatical intensifier or emphasis, or to express informality or conversational intimacy. In many formal or polite social situations, it is considered impolite (a violation of social norms), and in some religious groups it is considered a sin. Profanity includes slurs, but most profanities are not slurs, and there are many insults that do not use swear words.

Swear words can be discussed or even sometimes used for the same purpose without causing offense or being considered impolite if they are obscured (e.g. "fuck" becomes "f***" or "the f-word") or substituted with a minced oath like "flip".
Ditheko Mototo
Ditheko Absalom Mototo (born 27 December 1980) is a retired South African association football left-back. He last played for Vasco da Gama in the Premier Soccer League, joined Swallows FC as the assistant coach.
He joined Vasco in 2010.
His previous clubs were: Bloemfontein Celtic, Kaizer Chiefs, Bloemfontein Young Tigers.

Premier Soccer League
The Premier Soccer League (PSL) is the administrative body for professional soccer leagues and cups in South Africa. It is based in Johannesburg, and was founded in 1996 following an agreement between the National Soccer League and the remnants of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL).

Affiliated to the South African Football Association (SAFA), the PSL organizes the country's top two professional divisions in the South African Premiership and the National First Division, and knockout cup competitions in the Nedbank Cup and the MTN 8. Teams that are relegated from the National First Division compete in the SAFA Second Division. They also organize a Youth League or PSL Reserve League DStv Diski Challenge.
Taraba River
The Taraba River is a river in Taraba State, Nigeria, a tributary of the Benue River. It joins the Benue on a floodplain 10 km wide and 50 km across.

The major towns along the River Taraba are Sert-Baruwa, Sarki Ruwa, Karamti, Jamtari, Gangumi, Gayam and Bali LGA. The major economic activities on the river are fishing, farming of rice, yam and groundnut.

The major ethnic groups inhabiting the river are the Fulani and the Chamba.

Yam (vegetable)
Yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus Dioscorea (family Dioscoreaceae) that form edible tubers (some other species in the genus being toxic).

Yams are perennial herbaceous vines native to Africa, Asia, and the Americas and cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in many temperate and tropical regions. The tubers themselves, also called "yams", come in a variety of forms owing to numerous cultivars and related species.
Hayes Prison Farm
Hayes Prison Farm, a former Australian minimum security prison for males, was established on land at Hayes, near New Norfolk, Tasmania. The facility was operated by the Tasmanian Prison Service, an agency of the Department of Justice of the Government of Tasmania. Located on 800 hectares (2,000 acres), the facility accepted felons convicted under Tasmanian and/or Commonwealth legislation.  The facility was closed in late 2012.

Tasmanian Government
The Tasmanian Government is the executive branch of the Australian state of Tasmania. The leader of the party or coalition with the confidence of the House of Assembly, the lower house of the Parliament of Tasmania, is invited by the governor of Tasmania to form the executive. The governor appoints the premier of Tasmania.

Since 8 April 2022, the premier of Tasmania has been Jeremy Rockliff, leader of the Liberal Party. The current ministry of Tasmania is the Second Rockliff ministry.
St Hubertus & Oak Bay Estate Winery
49°47′47″N 119°31′58″W﻿ / ﻿49.796428°N 119.532765°W﻿ / 49.796428; -119.532765

St Hubertus & Oak Bay Estate Winery is a Canadian wine grower and producer. It is in Kelowna, British Columbia, in the Okanagan Valley wine region.

Kelowna
Kelowna (/kəˈloʊnə/ ⓘ kə-LOH-nə) is a city on Okanagan Lake in the Okanagan Valley in the southern interior of British Columbia, Canada. It serves as the head office of the Regional District of Central Okanagan. The name Kelowna derives from the Okanagan word kiʔláwnaʔ, referring to a grizzly bear.

Kelowna is the province's third-largest metropolitan area (after Vancouver and Victoria). It is the seventh-largest municipality in BC and the largest in the Interior. It is the 20th-largest metropolitan area in Canada. The city proper encompasses 214 km2 (83 sq mi), and the census metropolitan area 2,902.45 km2 (1,120.64 sq mi). Kelowna's population in 2025 is 165,907 in the city proper and 254,605 in the metro area.

Nearby communities include the City of West Kelowna (also referred to as Westbank and Westside) to the west, across Okanagan Lake; Lake Country and Vernon to the north; Peachland to the southwest; and Summerland and Penticton to the south.
Groseclose Track at Brown Stadium
Brown Stadium is a stadium in Monroe, Louisiana, United States, on the campus of the University of Louisiana at Monroe. The track surrounding the field is named "Groseclose Track". It is the home facility for the Louisiana-Monroe Warhawks' soccer and track and field teams. The capacity of the stadium is 3,000.

Brown Stadium was the home field of the Louisiana–Monroe Warhawks football team from 1951 to 1977. The facility was renovated in 2018 as part of a $5 million project that included new offices for soccer and track coaches, locker rooms and storage areas. Press box renovations and resurfacing of the parking lot were also included.

The Louisiana-Monroe Warhawks women's soccer team hosted its first match at the renovated facility in a preseason exhibition against Stephen F. Austin on August 16, 2019.

Monroe, Louisiana
Monroe is the ninth-largest city in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and is the parish seat and largest city of Ouachita Parish. With a 2020 census-tabulated population of 47,702, it is the principal city of the Monroe metropolitan statistical area, the second-largest metropolitan area in North Louisiana.
Muki (Lima)
Muki (Quechua for asphyxia, also for a goblin who lives in caves, also spelled Muqui) is a mountain in the Cordillera Central in the Andes of Peru which reaches a height of approximately 4,800 metres (15,748 ft). It is located in the Lima Region, Yauyos Province, Tanta District. Muki lies northwest of Paqarin Pawka at a lake named Ch'uspiqucha.

Asphyxia
Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of deficient supply of oxygen to the body which arises from abnormal breathing. Asphyxia causes generalized hypoxia, which affects all the tissues and organs, some more rapidly than others. There are many circumstances that can induce asphyxia, all of which are characterized by the inability of a person to acquire sufficient oxygen through breathing for an extended period of time. Asphyxia can cause coma or death. In 2015, about 9.8 million cases of unintentional suffocation occurred which resulted in 35,600 deaths. The word asphyxia is from Ancient Greek α- "without" and σφύξις sphyxis, "squeeze" (throb of heart).
The Woodchuck EP
The Woodchuck EP is the debut EP from British pop rock band Go:Audio. The title track Woodchuck was released to radio and music television stations in January 2008 to promote the EP release. It received heavy rotation on Kerrang! radio and also became one of the most watched videos on YouTube during that month.

Kerrang! Radio
Kerrang! Radio is a British specialist rock music radio station related to Kerrang! magazine, broadcast nationally on DAB and online. Launched in 2002, it is owned and operated by Bauer Media and forms part of the Kerrang! Network, which also includes the heavy metal-focused Kerrang! Rock Unleashed and classic rock-focused Klassic Kerrang! Radio.

As of March 2025, the station has a weekly audience of 445,000 listeners according to RAJAR.
Schuyler VanValkenburg
Schuyler Thomas VanValkenburg (born 1982) is an American teacher and politician. He was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates representing the 72nd District on November 7, 2017, to replace retiring delegate Jimmie Massie. He defeated Republicans Eddie Whitlock and GayDonna Vandergriff in the 2017 and 2019 elections, respectively. In the 2023 state elections, VanValkenburg was elected over incumbent Siobhan Dunnavant in the newly redrawn 16th District. The race was considered highly competitive for control of the Virginia Senate.

2017 Virginia House of Delegates election
The 2017 Virginia House of Delegates election was held on Tuesday, November 7. All 100 seats in the Virginia House of Delegates were contested. The Republican Party held a 66–34 majority in the House of Delegates before the election but lost 15 seats to the Democratic Party, resulting in the Republicans holding a 50–49 advantage.

The election was notable for having a perfectly tied vote in the 94th district, which left control of the legislature undecided. The winner of the race was determined by a random drawing on January 4, 2018, which resulted in the Republicans holding a 51–49 majority.
Edgcott
Edgcott is a village and a civil parish in Buckinghamshire district in the ceremonial county of Buckinghamshire, England. It is in the Aylesbury Vale, about eight miles east of Bicester.

The village name is derived from the Old English for "oak cottage". In the Domesday Book of 1086 it is recorded as Achecote, "æcen" (from which the word "acorn" is derived) being the Old English word for oak.

The manor of Edgcott was once owned by the physician and poet Sir Samuel Garth.

The village also has two prisons located nearby.

In 1807 Edgcott was described as:

The property is divided among a few. The living is a rectory in the diocese of Oxford. The church is old but good. There is an Independent chapel.

Buckinghamshire (district)
Buckinghamshire is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Buckinghamshire, England. It covers about four-fifths of area of the ceremonial county and about two-thirds of its population; the City of Milton Keynes accounts for the remainder. As a unitary authority area, it is both a non-metropolitan county and a non-metropolitan district.

The district is administered by Buckinghamshire Council. The council was formed in 2020, following the abolition of the previous county council, Buckinghamshire County Council, and the four district councils covering the area.
Cushley
Cushley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Cushley (born 1989), Northern Ireland footballer

John Cushley (1943–2008), Scottish footballer

Leo Cushley (born 1961), Scottish Roman Catholic archbishop

Lisa Cushley (born 1969), English pair skater

Neil Cushley (born 1967), English pair skater

Neil Cushley
Neil Cushley (born 23 February 1967) is a British former pair skater. Competing with his sister, Lisa Cushley, he finished 13th at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. The pair placed 7th at the 1987 European Championships, 14th at the 1988 World championships, and 7th at the 1989 European Championships.
Act of Sederunt
An Act of Sederunt (/səˈdɛrənt/ sə-DERR-ənt; meaning a meeting or sitting of a court) is secondary legislation made by the Court of Session, the supreme civil court of Scotland, to regulate the proceedings of Scottish courts and tribunals hearing civil matters. Originally made under an Act of the Parliament of Scotland of 1532, the modern power to make Acts of Sederunt is largely derived from the Courts Reform (Scotland) Act 2014. Since 2013, draft Acts have also been prepared by the Scottish Civil Justice Council and submitted to the Court of Session for approval.: [s. 2]

Following Scottish devolution and the establishment of the Scottish Parliament, Acts of Sederunt are made as Scottish statutory instruments. Previously, Acts were made as United Kingdom statutory instruments, and before that were a separate class of legislation.: [s. 27]

College of Justice
The College of Justice (Scottish Gaelic: Colaiste a' Cheartais) includes the Supreme Courts of Scotland, and its associated bodies. The constituent bodies of the national supreme courts are the Court of Session, the High Court of Justiciary, the Office of the Accountant of Court, and the Auditor of the Court of Session. Its associated bodies are the Faculty of Advocates, the Society of Writers to His Majesty's Signet and the Society of Solicitors in the Supreme Courts of Scotland.

The College is headed by the Lord President of the Court of Session, who also holds the title of Lord Justice General in relation to the High Court of Justiciary, and judges of the Court of Session and High Court are titled Senators of the College of Justice.
Andondittu Kaala
Andodittu Kaala (transl. Those were the times) is a 2025 Indian Kannada-language romantic drama film written and directed by Keerthi Krishnappa, in his debut. It was produced by Bhuvan Suresh under Bhuvan Movies banner. The film stars Vinay Rajkumar and Aditi Prabhudeva in the lead roles, while Nisha Ravikrishnan, Aruna Balraj and Kaddipudi Chandru play supporting roles. Actor-director V. Ravichandran features in a guest appearance. The music was composed by V. Raghavendra, while the cinematography is by Abhishek S. Kasaragodu.

Andondittu Kaala was first announced and went on floors in February 2021 as a period drama film set in the 1990s. After several announcements on release, the film finally got a delayed release date as 29 August 2025. Upon release, the film met with mixed reviews from critics and had a low start at the box-office.

Aruna Balraj
Aruna Balaraj is an Indian actress in the Kannada film industry. Some of the notable films of Aruna Balraj as an actress include Naayi Neralu (2006), Ambari (2009), Raja Huli (2013) and Gubbi Mele Bramhastra (2019).
Shiodome Legend (1997)
Shiodome Legend (1997) was the fifth and final Summer Spectacular and second Shiodome Legend professional wrestling television event produced by Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW). The event took place on August 2, 1997 at Shiodome in Tokyo, Japan and aired on Samurai TV!.

The main event was a no ropes exploding barbed wire deathmatch between Masato Tanaka and W*ING Kanemura for the right to face Atsushi Onita in the main event of Kawasaki Legend: Fall Spectacular. Kanemura won the match and earned a match against Onita at Fall Spectacular, which stipulated that if Kanemura lost, W*ING Alliance would disband.

W*ING Alliance
The W*ING Alliance was a Japanese professional wrestling group that existed in Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) between 1994 and 1997. The group consisted of wrestlers from the W*ING promotion, which ended in March 1994 due to FMW hiring the top tier talent of W*ING and the W*ING alumni wanted to avenge the demise of the company from FMW and the company's owner Atsushi Onita in storyline.