hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Listed buildings in Rudheath
Rudheath is a village and a civil parish in Cheshire West and Chester, England.  It contains two buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings, both of which are listed at Grade II.  This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  Running through the parish are the Trent and Mersey Canal, the River Dane, and the A530, the A556 and the A559 roads.  The listed buildings comprise a farmhouse and a canal milepost.

Cheshire West and Chester
Cheshire West and Chester is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. It was established on 1 April 2009 as part of the 2009 local government changes, by virtue of an order under the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007. It superseded the boroughs of Ellesmere Port and Neston, Vale Royal and the City of Chester. The remainder of the ceremonial county of Cheshire is composed of Cheshire East, Halton and Warrington. Cheshire West and Chester has three key urban areas: Chester, Ellesmere Port and Northwich/Winsford.

The decision to create the Cheshire West and Chester unitary authority was announced on 25 July 2007 following a consultation period, in which a proposal to create a single Cheshire unitary authority was rejected.
Kim Hong-bin
Kim Hong-bin (Korean: 김홍빈; 20 November 1964 – disappeared 19 July 2021) was a South Korean mountain climber and skier.

In 1991, he lost all of his fingers while climbing Mount Denali.

On 18 July 2021, he reached the Broad Peak summit (8,051m), becoming the first disabled person to climb all of the world's 14 peaks over 8,000 meters. However, he fell into a crevasse on the way down from the summit and was presumed dead.

Broad Peak
Broad Peak is one of the eight-thousanders, and is located in the Karakoram range spanning Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan and Xinjiang, China. It is the 12th highest mountain in the world at 8,051 metres (26,414 ft) elevation above sea level. The first ascent of this mountain was in June 1957, accomplished by Fritz Wintersteller, Marcus Schmuck, Kurt Diemberger, and Hermann Buhl as part of an Austrian expedition.
Romania at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Romania was represented at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France by the Romanian Olympic and Sports Committee.

In total, 23 athletes including 14 men and nine women represented Romania in eight different sports including alpine skiing, biathlon, bobsleigh, cross-country skiing, figure skating, luge, ski jumping and speed skating.

Ileana Ianoșiu-Hangan
Ileana Ianoșiu-Hangan (born 23 January 1969) is a Romanian biathlete. She competed at the 1992 Winter Olympics and the 1994 Winter Olympics. She also competed in cross-country skiing at the 1988 Winter Olympics and the 1992 Winter Olympics.
Szymki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Szymki (Polish: [ˈʂɨmkʲi]; German: Simken) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała Piska, within Pisz County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Biała Piska, 12 km (7 mi) east of Pisz, and 100 km (62 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The village has a population of 130.

Biała Piska
Biała Piska [ˈbʲawa ˈpʲiska] ⓘ (former Polish: Biała; German: Bialla, 1938-45: Gehlenburg, 1334: Gailen) is a town in Pisz County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, with 3,986 inhabitants as of December 2021.

Biała Piska is a member of Cittaslow.
Rouge Valley Health System
Rouge Valley Health System (RVHS) was a hospital network in the province of Ontario, Canada. It was created in 1998 through the merger of Centenary Health Centre in Toronto and the Ajax and Pickering General Hospital in Ajax, serving the communities of Scarborough, Pickering, Ajax and Whitby. It was part of the Central-East Local Health Integration Network as mandated by the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care. The two hospitals were known as the Rouge Valley Centenary and Rouge Valley Ajax and Pickering, respectively.

In 2016, Rouge Valley Health Network was defunct after Rouge Valley Centenary partnered with The Scarborough Hospital to form the Scarborough Health Network while Rouge Valley Ajax and Pickering joined Lakeridge Health.

Ministry of Health (Ontario)
The Ministry of Health is the Government of Ontario ministry responsible for administering the health care system in the Canadian province of Ontario.

The ministry is responsible to the Ontario Legislature through the minister of health, presently Sylvia Jones since June 24, 2022.
Petites Îles River
The rivière des Petites Îles (Petites Îles River) is a tributary of the south shore of the Saguenay River flowing successively in the municipalities of Petit-Saguenay and Baie-Sainte-Catherine, in Regional County Municipality (MRC) of Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, in Quebec, Canada.

The upper part of this valley is served indirectly by Route 170 which connects Saint-Siméon to the village of Petit-Saguenay which passes over the north shore of the Noire River. Despite its mountainous terrain, the valley of the "Petites Îles River" has some secondary forest roads for forestry and recreational tourism purposes.

Forestry is the first economic activity in the sector; recreational tourism activities, second.

The surface of Petites Îles River is usually frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, however, safe ice circulation is generally from mid-December to mid-March.

Saguenay Fjord National Park
Saguenay Fjord National Park (French: parc national du Fjord-du-Saguenay) is a provincial park located in Quebec, Canada. In the regions of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, Charlevoix, Côte-Nord, and Bas-Saint-Laurent, the park is situated along the eastern end of the Saguenay River and adjoins the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park for over 100 km (60 mi.).

The park, originally named Saguenay National Park, was renamed on April 20, 2011.
Fuji 24 Hours
The Fuji Super TEC 24 Hour Race, also known as the NAPAC Fuji Super TEC 24 Hours for sponsorship reasons, is a 24-hour GT, touring car, and production sports car endurance race held annually at Fuji Speedway in Oyama, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.

The race is sanctioned by the Japan Automobile Federation (JAF) and promoted by the Super Taikyu Organisation (STO), and is the longest round of the Super Taikyu Series. Since its revival in 2018, the Fuji Super TEC 24 Hours has traditionally been held late in the spring season, either in early June or late May.

Oyama, Shizuoka
Oyama (小山町, Oyama-chō) is a town located in Suntō District, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2023,  the town had an estimated population of 17,297 in 7496 households  and a population density of 127 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 135.74 square kilometres (52.41 sq mi).
Pulinda
Pulinda (Sanskrit: Pulinda) were an ancient non-Aryan tribe of south-central Indian subcontinent, whose existence is attested during the Iron Age. Pulindas were mentioned in Aitareya Brahmana of the Rigveda (c. 500 BCE) as descendants of Sage Vishvamitra, along with Andhras, Pundras, Sabaras, and Mutibas.

Iron Age in India
In the prehistory of the Indian subcontinent, the Iron Age succeeded Bronze Age India and partly corresponds with the megalithic cultures of South India. Other Iron Age archaeological cultures of north India were the Painted Grey Ware culture (1300–300 BCE) and the Northern Black Polished Ware (700–200 BCE). This corresponds to the transition of the Janapadas or principalities of the Vedic period to the sixteen Mahajanapadas or region-states of the early historic period, culminating in the emergence of the Maurya Empire towards the end of the period.

The earliest evidence of iron smelting predates the emergence of the Iron Age proper by several centuries. Claims for iron smelting in Tamil Nadu as early as the mid-4th millennium BCE have been made on the basis of radiocarbon dates from charcoal samples at the site of Sivagalai, dated between c. 3345 and 2953 BCE. These dates are disputed.
Sidmouth Folk Festival
There has been a folk festival in the coastal town of  Sidmouth in South West England in the first week of August every year since 1955, attracting tens of thousands of visitors to over 700 diverse events.

Sidmouth Folk Festival offers a wide range of activities including major folk concerts, pub sessions, workshops and  master classes, social dances and dance displays,  family entertainment and many children's musical and craft activities. The Late Night Extra feature is also run at Bulverton on the edge of Sidmouth next to the main campsite.

The festival patron is Martin Carthy.

Pub session
A pub session (seisiún in Irish; seisean in Scottish Gaelic; seshoon in Manx Gaelic) is performing music in the setting of a local pub, in which the music-making is intermingled with the consumption of ale, stout, and beer and conversation. Performers sing and play traditional songs and tunes from the Irish, English, Scottish, Cornish, and Manx traditions, using instruments such as the fiddle, accordion, concertina, flute, tin whistle, uilleann pipes, tenor banjo, guitar, and bodhrán. Some sessions have dancing too.
George Hodgson (cricketer)
George Harris Hodgson (4 May 1839 – 15 April 1917) was an English first-class cricketer.

The son of John George Hodgson, he was born at Thanet in May 1839. He was educated at Harrow School, before going up to Trinity College, Oxford. A keen cricketer, Hodgson did not feature in first-class cricket for Oxford University Cricket Club, but did make four first-class appearances for the Gentlemen of Kent from 1858 to 1861. He scored 74 runs in his four matches at an average of 18.50, with a high score of 32. With his roundarm fast bowling he took 2 wickets.

Hodgson graduated from Oxford in 1866 with a master's degree. He later served as secretary to the Clergy Mutual Assurance Society. Hodgson died at Hythe in April 1917.

Roundarm bowling
In cricket, roundarm bowling is a bowling style that was introduced in the first quarter of the 19th century and largely superseded underarm bowling by the 1830s. Using a roundarm action, the bowlers extend their arm about 90 degrees from their body at the point where they release the ball. Roundarm fell into decline after 1864 when the current style of overarm bowling was legalised, although W. G. Grace continued to use it to the end of his career.
Wells (CDP), Vermont
Wells is the central village and a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Wells, Rutland County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 386, out of 1,214 in the entire town.

The CDP is in southwestern Rutland County, in the southwest part of the town of Wells. It sits at the western base of the Taconic Mountains, where Wells Brook exits and flows west toward the Mettawee River, a northwest-flowing tributary of Lake Champlain.

Vermont Route 30 passes through the village, leading north 8 miles (13 km) to Poultney and south 7 miles (11 km) to Pawlet. The village of Granville, New York, is 3 miles (5 km) to the southwest.

Poultney (village), Vermont
Poultney is a village in Rutland County of the U.S. state of Vermont.  The village is entirely within the town of Poultney. The population was 1,079 at the 2020 census. Poultney was home to the former Green Mountain College.
Durban Metropolitan Open Space System
The Durban Metropolitan Open Space System (D'MOSS) is a system of green corridors in the city of Durban, South Africa.   Implemented in 1982, the system links a number of significant conservation sites and nature reserves, allowing a path for the free movement of fauna and flora.

D'MOSS is managed by the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, the metropolitan body that oversees the greater Durban area. As of 2015, the system represents one-third of the eThekwini Municipal Area, at 74 500 hectares. The objective of the project is the conservation of natural areas,  while providing recreation facilities for the public.

D'MOSS manages a number of nature reserves and parks in the Ethekwini Metropolitan boundaries:

Burman Bush Nature Reserve

Danville Park

Pigeon Valley Park

Seaton Park

Silverglen Nature Reserve

Virginia Bush Nature Reserve

Silverglen Nature Reserve
Silverglen Nature Reserve is a 460 hectare conservancy on the Umlaas River located aside the suburb of Silverglen, Chatsworth, KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.  The reserve is the largest piece of coastal grassland and bush clump mosaic in Greater Durban, and is home to the first medicinal plant nursery in Africa, established in 1986.
German submarine U-251
German submarine U-251 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 18 October 1940 at the Bremer-Vulkan-Vegesacker Werft (yard) in Bremen as yard number 16, launched on 26 July 1941 and commissioned on 20 September under the command of Kapitänleutnant Heinrich Timm.

In ten patrols, she sank two ships of 11,408 gross register tons (GRT). She was a member of three wolfpacks.

She was sunk by British and Norwegian aircraft in the Kattegat of the Danish Island of Anholt on 19 April 1945.

The U-251 can be seen on YouTube video 'Diving on Nazi submarine U-251'.

Heinrich Timm
Heinrich Timm (30 April 1910 in Bremen – 12 April 1974 in Axstedt) was a German U-boat commander in World War II and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.
In 1944-45 Timm commanded the U-862, the only U-boat to conduct a patrol in the Pacific Ocean during World War II.
Chantal Wright
Chantal Wright (born February 1, 1993) is an American judoka, though she has previously competed for both Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

She won the 70 kg categories at the 2016 Pan American Open in San Salvador and the 2017 Pan American Open in Buenos Aires, and came second at the 2018 Pan American Open in Santo Domingo.

Wright won bronze at both the 2020 and the 2021 Pan American Judo Championships. She also competed at the 2021 World Judo Championships in the 70kg category, but was knocked out by Dutch judoka Sanne van Dijke.

Judo in the United Kingdom
Judo in the United Kingdom has a long history; the martial art being first introduced in 1899, and the first dojo, the Budokwai, being the oldest in Europe. The British Judo Association is the United Kingdom's official governing body for judo – in which British citizens have won eighteen Olympic medals.
An Stùc
An Stùc, meaning "The Peak" in Gaelic, is a conically shaped Scottish mountain in the Ben Lawers range to the north of Loch Tay. It has been listed as a Munro since 1997, having previously been considered a subsidiary top of the Ben Lawers range. It lies on the main ridge of the Ben Lawers range, and its southern and eastern slopes form part of the Ben Lawers National Nature Reserve, which is owned and managed by the National Trust for Scotland.

The normal routes of ascent are via the ridges from Ben Lawers or Meall Garbh, in combination with other summits in the range. It may also be ascended directly from the Lawers Burn to the east via a gully above Lochan nan Cat.

There is another An Stùc in Assynt, standing at 364 m (1,194 ft) about 26 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Ullapool at the head of Glenoykel.

Ullapool
Ullapool (/ˈʌləpuːl/; Scottish Gaelic: Ulapul [ˈul̪ˠapʰul̪ˠ]) is a village and port located in the civil parish of Lochbroom in the county of Ross and Cromarty, Scottish Highlands. It is located around 45 miles (70 kilometres) northwest of Inverness. According to the Scottish Government in 2016, the village had a population of 1,520 people, making it the largest settlement in Wester Ross.

Ullapool sits on a deep sea loch, Loch Broom, a significant natural harbour. As a result, Ullapool's port is regionally significant with ferries operated by Caledonian MacBrayne running from Ullapool to Stornoway on the Isle of Lewis. It also serves leisure craft, commercial fishing vessels and cruise ships.

The A835 road from Inverness to Durness passes through the village. This forms part of the scenic tourist route, the North Coast 500.
Cisalpinism
Cisalpinism (derived from "this side of the Alps") was a movement among English Roman Catholics in the late eighteenth century intended to further the cause of Catholic emancipation, i.e. relief from many of the restrictions still in effect that were placed on Roman Catholic British subjects. This view held that allegiance to the Crown was not incompatible with allegiance to the Pope.

Catholic emancipation
Catholic emancipation or Catholic relief was a process in the United Kingdom in the late 18th century and early 19th century, that involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the penal laws. Requirements to abjure (renounce) the temporal and spiritual authority of the pope and transubstantiation placed major burdens on Roman Catholics.
Semidi Islands
The Semidi Islands are a group of islands of the state of Alaska, United States, lying offshore in the Gulf of Alaska. The islands are part of Kodiak Island Borough and are located southwest of Kodiak Island, about halfway between the Alaska Peninsula mainland and Chirikof Island. The largest islands of the group are Aghiyuk Island and Chowiet Island. The island group has a total land area of 30.178 km2 (11.652 sq mi) and is uninhabited. They are part of the Alaska Peninsula unit of the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge.

Alaska Peninsula
The Alaska Peninsula (also called the Aleut Peninsula or the Aleutian Peninsula, Aleut: Alaxsxix̂; Sugpiaq: Aluuwiq, Al'uwiq) is a peninsula extending about 497 mi (800 km) to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea.

In literature (especially Russian), the term Alaska Peninsula was used to denote the entire north-western protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the Alaskan equivalent of a county, is named after the peninsula.

The Alaska/Aleutian Peninsula is also grouped into Southwest Alaska.

The other large peninsulas in Alaska include the Kenai Peninsula and the Seward Peninsula.
Data storage
Data storage is the recording (storing) of information (data) in a storage medium. Handwriting, phonographic recording, magnetic tape, and optical discs are all examples of storage media. Biological molecules such as RNA and DNA are considered by some as data storage. Recording may be accomplished with virtually any form of energy. Electronic data storage requires electrical power to store and retrieve data.

Data storage in a digital, machine-readable medium is sometimes called digital data. Computer data storage is one of the core functions of a general-purpose computer. Electronic documents can be stored in much less space than paper documents. Barcodes and magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) are two ways of recording machine-readable data on paper.

Handwriting
Handwriting is the personal and unique style of writing with a writing instrument, such as a pen or pencil in the hand. Handwriting includes both block and cursive styles and is separate from generic and formal handwriting script/style, calligraphy or typeface. Because each person's handwriting is unique and different, it can be used to verify a document's writer. The deterioration of a person's handwriting is also a symptom or result of several different diseases. The inability to produce clear and coherent handwriting is also known as dysgraphia.
Tartu Maraton
The Tartu Ski Marathon (Estonian: Tartu maraton) is a long-distance cross-country skiing competition, held annually in Estonia, on the third Sunday of February. It debuted in 1960 and has been a part of Worldloppet since 1994.

Initially, the track stretched from Tartu to Kääriku, partially on the Emajõgi river ice. For years the marathon's start was given in Matu (in Aakre) with the finish in Elva. Nowadays, the full 63 km marathon track stretches from Otepää to Elva.

The event is part of the Worldloppet events, and places itself among the biggest ski races in the world with nearly 12,000 participants in its peak years.

Emajõgi
The Emajõgi (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈemɑ.jɤgi]; lit. 'Mother river') is a river in Estonia which flows from Lake Võrtsjärv through Tartu County into Lake Peipus, crossing the city of Tartu for 10 km (6.2 mi). It has a length of 100 km (62 mi).

The Emajõgi is sometimes called the Suur Emajõgi ('Great Emajõgi'), in contrast with the Väike Emajõgi ('Little Emajõgi'), another river which flows into the southern end of Lake Võrtsjärv.

The Emajõgi is the second-largest river in Estonia by discharge and the only fully navigable river.
By Now
"By Now" is a song written by Dean Dillon, Don Pfrimmer and Charles Quillen, and recorded by American country music artist Steve Wariner.  It was released in April 1981 as the second single from the album Steve Wariner.  The song reached number 6 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Dean Dillon
Dean Dillon (born Larry Dean Flynn; March 26, 1955) is an American country musician and songwriter. Between 1982 and 1993, he recorded six studio albums on various labels, and charted several singles on the Billboard country charts. Since 1993, Dillon has continued to write hit songs for other artists, most notably George Strait.

In 2002, Dillon was inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame. In 2020, he was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Saved (play)
Saved is a play by Edward Bond which premiered at the Royal Court Theatre, London, in November 1965.

The play itself is set in London during the 1960s. Its subject is the cultural poverty and frustration of a generation of young people on the dole and living on council estates. In response to the censorship of the play, Laurence Olivier wrote a letter to The Observer, saying that: "Saved is not a play for children but it is for grown-ups, and the grown-ups of this country should have the courage to look at it." American novelist Mary McCarthy praised its "remarkable delicacy".

The original cast included John Castle, Tony Selby, Ronald Pickup, Dennis Waterman, William Stewart, Barbara Ferris, Lucy Fleming, and Gwen Nelson. The creative team included director William Gaskill and lighting by Eric Baker.

Mary McCarthy (author)
Mary Therese McCarthy (June 21, 1912 – October 25, 1989) was an American novelist, critic and political activist, best known for her novel The Group, her marriage to critic Edmund Wilson, and her storied feud with playwright Lillian Hellman. McCarthy was the winner of the Horizon Prize in 1949 and was awarded two Guggenheim Fellowships, in 1949 and 1959. She was a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters and the American Academy in Rome. In 1973, she delivered the Huizinga Lecture in Leiden, the Netherlands, under the title Can There Be a Gothic Literature? The same year she was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She won the National Medal for Literature and the Edward MacDowell Medal in 1984. McCarthy held honorary degrees from Bard, Bowdoin, Colby, Smith College, Syracuse University, the University of Maine at Orono, the University of Aberdeen, and the University of Hull.