hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pelite
A pelite (from Ancient Greek  πηλός (pēlós) 'clay, earth') or metapelite is a metamorphosed fine-grained sedimentary rock, i.e. mudstone or siltstone. The term was earlier used by geologists to describe a clay-rich, fine-grained clastic sediment or sedimentary rock, i.e. mud or a mudstone, the metamorphosed version of which would technically have been a metapelite. It was equivalent to the now little-used Latin-derived term lutite. A semipelite is defined in part as having similar chemical composition but being of a crystalloblastic nature.

Pettijohn (1975) gives the following descriptive terms based on grain size, avoiding the use of terms such as clay or argillaceous which carry an implication of chemical composition. The Ancient Greek terms are more commonly used for metamorphosed rocks, and the Latin for unmetamorphosed:

Siltstone
Siltstone, also known as aleurolite, is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of silt. It is a form of mudrock with a low clay mineral content, which can be distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

Although its permeability and porosity is relatively low, siltstone is sometimes a tight gas reservoir rock, an unconventional reservoir for natural gas that requires hydraulic fracturing for production to be economical.

Siltstone was prized in ancient Egypt for manufacturing statuary and cosmetic palettes. The siltstone quarried at Wadi Hammamat was a hard, fine-grained siltstone that resisted flaking and was almost ideal for such uses.
Borovichi Museum
Borovichi Museum, or formally, The Museum of the history of the city of Borovichi and Borovichi krai (Russian: Музей истории города Боровичи и Боровичского края) is a local history museum in the city of Borovichi, in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest museums in the region.

The museum, initially dedicated to the lives and times of Vasily Zhukovsky and Nikolai Gogol, was founded in May 1918 by the board of the Borovichi District Department of Public Education. The museum was closed between 1926 and 1927, but reopened in 1928 due to the efforts of Sergei Nikolayevich Porshnyakov (1889-1992), who became the first director of the museum.

Novgorod Oblast
Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Новгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Novgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Veliky Novgorod. Some of the oldest Russian cities, including Veliky Novgorod and Staraya Russa, are located in the oblast. The historic monuments of Veliky Novgorod and surroundings have been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Population: 583,387 (2021 Census).
The Giant Raft
The Giant Raft (French: La Jangada - Huit Cents lieues sur l'Amazone) is a novel by Jules Verne, published in 1881. It has also been incorrectly published with the title of its first part: Eight Hundred Leagues on the Amazon.

It is an adventure novel, involving how Joam Garral, a ranch owner living near the Peruvian-Brazilian border on the Amazon River, is forced to travel downstream when his past catches up with him. Most of the novel is situated on a large jangada (a Brazilian timber raft) that is used by Garral and his family to float to Belém, at the river's mouth. Many aspects of the raft, scenery, and journey are described in detail.

It was adapted into the 1993 film Eight Hundred Leagues Down the Amazon.

Timber rafting
Timber rafting is a method of transporting felled tree trunks by tying them together to make rafts, which are then drifted or pulled downriver, or across a lake or other body of water. It is arguably, after log driving, the second cheapest means of transporting felled timber. Both methods may be referred to as timber floating. The tradition of timber rafting cultivated in Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Latvia, Poland and Spain was inscribed on UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022.
What a Way to Go (Mark Murphy album)
What a Way to Go is a studio album by Mark Murphy.

What a Way to Go is the 28th album by American jazz vocalist Mark Murphy. It was recorded when Murphy was 58 years old and released by the Muse label in the United States in 1990. This album is a tribute to Sammy Davis Jr. who died May 16, 1990.

Lee Morgan
Edward Lee Morgan (July 10, 1938 – February 19, 1972) was an American jazz trumpeter and composer. One of the key hard bop musicians of the 1960s and a cornerstone of the Blue Note label, Morgan came to prominence in his late teens, recording with bandleaders like John Coltrane, Curtis Fuller, Dizzy Gillespie, Hank Mobley and Wayne Shorter, and playing in Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers.

Morgan stayed with Blakey until 1961 and started to record as leader in the late '50s. Morgan's solo recordings often alternated between conventional hard bop sessions and more adventurous post-bop and avant-garde experiments, many of which did not see release during his lifetime. His composition "The Sidewinder", on the album of the same name, became a surprise crossover hit on the pop and R&B charts in 1964. After a second stint in Blakey's band, Morgan continued to work prolifically as both a leader and a sideman until his death in 1972.
Oxlip, Minnesota
Oxlip is an unincorporated community in Isanti County, Minnesota, United States.  The community is located within Spencer Brook Township and Bradford Township.

The community is located at the junction of Isanti County Road 5 and Roanoke Street NW.  State Highway 47 (MN 47) is nearby.  Oxlip is located west of Isanti and near Bradford.

Bradford Township, Isanti County, Minnesota
Bradford Township is a township in Isanti County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 3,472 at the 2000 census.

Bradford Township was named after Bradford, England, the native home of an early settler.
Monteath Hills
The Monteath Hills (72°6′S 166°30′E﻿ / ﻿72.100°S 166.500°E﻿ / -72.100; 166.500﻿ (Monteath Hills)) are a group of mountains in the Victory Mountains of Victoria Land, Antarctica, bounded by Jutland Glacier, Midway Glacier, Pearl Harbor Glacier, and Plata Glacier. The group includes Mount Crowder, Mount Tararua (2,550 metres (8,370 ft) high), and Mount Holdsworth. 
The hills were named by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee (NZ-APC) in 1983, after Colin Monteath, a field operations officer with the Antarctic Division of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.

Victoria Land
Victoria Land is a region in eastern Antarctica which fronts the western side of the Ross Sea and the Ross Ice Shelf, extending southward from about 70°30'S to 78°00'S, and westward from the Ross Sea to the edge of the Antarctic Plateau. It was discovered by Captain James Clark Ross in January 1841 and named after Queen Victoria. The rocky promontory of Minna Bluff is often regarded as the southernmost point of Victoria Land, and separates the Scott Coast to the north from the Hillary Coast of the Ross Dependency to the south.
Faumuina
Faumuina is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beatrice Faumuina (born 1974), New Zealand discus thrower.

Charlie Faumuina (born 1986), rugby union player.

Mark Faumuina (born 1971), New Zealand rugby league player.

Sione Faumuina (born 1981), New Zealand rugby league player.

Wilson Faumuina (1954–1986), American football defensive lineman.

Faumuina Sikuka Lomitusi Samoan genealogist and historian

Faumuina

Sione Faumuina
Sione Faumuina (born 27 March 1981) is a New Zealand former professional rugby league footballer who last played for the Redcliffe Dolphins in the Queensland Cup. He previously played for the Canberra Raiders, North Queensland Cowboys and New Zealand Warriors in the NRL and for the Castleford Tigers and Hull FC in the Super League.

Faumuina represented New Zealand on two occasions between 2003 and 2004 and his position of choice was second-row, although he also played as a centre, five-eighth or lock.
The Family (1974 TV series)
The Family is a 1974 BBC television series made by producer Paul Watson, and directed by Franc Roddam. It is a fly-on-the-wall documentary series, seen by many as the precursor to reality television. It is similar to an American documentary which had aired the previous year (but which had been filmed in 1971), called An American Family.

The series follows the Reading-based working class Wilkins family of six, headed by Margaret and Terry, through their daily lives, warts and all. It culminates in the marriage of one of the daughters, which was plagued by fans and paparazzi alike.

The show was the basis for two parodies: Monty Python's Flying Circus, in their last episode, which aired on 5 December 1974, featured a sketch called "The Most Awful Family in Britain 1974"; and Benny Hill, on one of his 1975 specials, did a takeoff called "That Family".

Paparazzi
Paparazzi (singular form paparazzo) are independent photographers who take pictures of high-profile people, such as actors, musicians, athletes, politicians, and other celebrities who go about their daily life routines. Paparazzi are often known for their relentless pursuit of celebrities, often using telephoto lenses and electronic flashes, or even following them in vehicles to capture personal, unflattering, or private moments. The photographs taken by paparazzi are commonly sold to tabloids, gossip magazines, and websites, where they are published to attract attention and increase sales. This type of invasive photography is often controversial because it can violate the privacy of the subjects involved.
B. Suresh Gowda
B. Suresh Gowda (born 15 May 1965) is an Indian politician from Karnataka. He won the 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election and became a Member of Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Tumkur Rural Assembly constituency for the third time representing Bharatiya Janata Party.

Karnataka Legislative Assembly
The Karnataka Legislative Assembly (formerly the Mysore Legislative Assembly) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the southern Indian state of Karnataka. Karnataka is one of the six states in India where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and the Vidhan Parishad (upper house).

There are 224 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and are directly elected  through adult franchise. Karnataka is thus divided into 224 constituencies to elect members to the Assembly, each constituency electing one member. The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or "first past the post" electoral system. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Coleophora valesianella
Coleophora valesianella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in Europe south of the line running from France to Austria and Romania. It has also been recorded in Cyprus.

The larvae feed on Astragalus aristatus, Astragalus monspessulanus and Hippocrepis species. Larvae can be found from autumn to spring of the following year.

Astragalus monspessulanus
Astragalus monspessulanus is a species of milkvetch known by the common name Montpellier milkvetch. It is native to Southern and Eastern Europe, including France, Switzerland, and the Balkans, as well as northwest Africa.
Antoine Kombouaré
Antoine Krilone Kombouaré (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃twan kɔ̃bwaʁe]; born 16 November 1963) is a French professional football manager and former player. He is the current head coach of  Ligue 1 club Paris FC.

Coupe de la Ligue
The Coupe de la Ligue (French pronunciation: [kup də la liɡ]), known outside France as the French League Cup, was a knockout cup competition in French football organized by the Ligue de Football Professionnel. The tournament was established in 1993 and, unlike the Coupe de France, was only open to professional clubs in France which play in country's top three football divisions, though the third is not fully professional.

The most successful team in the competition was Paris Saint-Germain with nine wins, including the last edition in 2019–20. The LFP voted to suspend the competition indefinitely to "reduce the season schedule".
Third Republic of Venezuela
The Third Republic of Venezuela (Spanish: Tercera República de Venezuela) was the reestablished Republic of Venezuela declared by Simón Bolívar in the year 1817, during the Venezuelan War of Independence.

The beginning of the Third Republic of Venezuela is attributed to the period after the Guayana campaign, during which the Republicans restored democratic institutions in Angostura. The Republic ended, after the Congress of Angostura of 1819 decreed the union of Venezuela with New Granada, to form the Republic of Gran Colombia.

Venezuela would become once again an independent Republic after its separation from Gran Colombia in 1830, with José Antonio Páez as President.

United Provinces of New Granada
The United Provinces of New Granada was a country in South America from 1810 to 1816, a period known in Colombian history as la Patria Boba ("the Foolish Fatherland"). It was formed from areas of the New Kingdom of Granada, roughly corresponding to the territory of modern-day Colombia. The government was a federation with a parliamentary system, consisting of a weak executive and strong congress. The country was reconquered by Spain in 1816.
Stübenwasen
The Stübenwasen (1,386 m above sea level (NHN)) is the sixth highest mountain in the Black Forest after the Feldberg (1,493 m above NHN), Baldenweger Buck (1,461 m above NHN), Seebuck (1,448 m above NHN), Herzogenhorn (1,415 m above NHN) and the Belchen (1,414 m above NHN). It is the highest point on the ridge between Schauinsland and Feldberg and is only separated from the latter by a wide saddle. To the north is the St. Wilhelm Valley, to the south the Wiesental with Todtnau and Todtnauberg.

Black Forest
The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald [ˈʃvaʁtsvalt] ⓘ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is the source of the Danube and Neckar rivers.

Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft) above sea level. Roughly oblong in shape, with a length of 160 kilometres (100 miles) and breadth of up to 50 km (30 mi), it has an area of about 6,009 km2 (2,320 sq mi).

Historically, the area was known for forestry and the mining of ore deposits, but tourism has now become the primary industry, accounting for around 300,000 jobs. There are several ruined military fortifications dating back to the 17th century.
McKirdy
McKirdy is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arch McKirdy (1924–2013), Australian radio broadcaster

Ed McKirdy, American musician

Harry McKirdy (born 1997), English footballer

Lewis McKirdy, Australian radio announcer

Sean McKirdy (born 1998), Scottish footballer

Arch McKirdy
Arch McKirdy (17 March 1924 – 26 August 2013) was an Australian radio broadcaster, voice trainer, mentor and executive, who was best known for his evening jazz program Relax with Me, "Australia's most popular radio program" in the 1960s and early 1970s.
Nick Mead (Royal Navy officer)
Frederick Nicolas Mead (19 March 1922 – 2 May 2015) was a Royal Navy officer of the Second World War who sank two U-boats. In May 1943 he sank U-89 for which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. In April 1945, Mead, as officer on watch on the bridge of the anti-submarine destroyer HMS Watchman, ordered the measures that sank U-1195 for which he received a bar to his DSC.

Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is a third-level military decoration awarded for gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea to officers; and, since 1993, ratings and other ranks of the British Armed Forces, Royal Fleet Auxiliary and the British Merchant Navy have been eligible. The award was formerly also awarded to members of armed forces of other Commonwealth countries.

The DSC is "awarded in recognition of an act or acts of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea." Since 1979, it can be awarded posthumously.
Nick Markakis
Nicholas William Markakis (/mɑːrˈkeɪkɪs/ mar-KAY-kis) (born November 17, 1983) is an American former professional baseball right fielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for 15 seasons for the Baltimore Orioles and Atlanta Braves. Markakis was the Orioles' first-round draft pick (seventh overall) in the 2003 Major League Baseball draft, and made his MLB debut in 2006. Markakis is a three-time Gold Glove Award winner, and he won a Silver Slugger Award and was named an MLB All-Star in 2018. Markakis previously held the MLB record for consecutive games by an outfielder without making an error (398). Markakis retired prior to the start of the 2021 season.

Right fielder
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.
Zoosphaerium album
Zoosphaerium album, also known as the giant opal pill millipede, is a species of pill millipede within the family Arthrosphaeridae and order Sphaerotheriida. It is an endemic species, found only within the Vohibasia forest of Western Madagascar. The species name album, refers to the white colouration of the pill millipedes exoskeleton.

Pill millipede
Pill millipedes are any members of two living (and one extinct) orders of millipedes, often grouped together into a single superorder, Oniscomorpha. The name Oniscomorpha refers to the millipedes' resemblance to certain woodlice (Oniscidea), also called pillbugs or roly-polies. However, millipedes and woodlice are not closely related (belonging to the subphyla Myriapoda and Crustacea, respectively); rather, this is a case of convergent evolution.
True as Steel (album)
True as Steel is the third studio album by German heavy metal band Warlock, released in 1986.

The EP Fight for Rock, which contained many songs from this album, was Warlock's first success outside of Europe, charting on the US Billboard Hot 100; the music video for the song "Fight for Rock" was aired on MTV's Headbangers Ball.

Headbangers Ball
Headbangers Ball is a music television program that consists of heavy metal music videos airing on MTV and its global affiliates. The show began on MTV on April 18, 1987, playing heavy metal music videos.

The show was ultimately canceled in 1995. Over eight years later the program was reintroduced on MTV2. It had remained in varying degrees on the network's website, but by the early 2020s, it was no longer shown on television.
Sumner Strait
Sumner Strait is a strait in the Alexander Archipelago in the southeastern region of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is about 80 miles (130 km) long and 10 miles (16 km) wide, extending from the mouth of the Stikine River to Iphigenia Bay on the Gulf of Alaska, separating Mitkof Island, Kupreanof Island, and Kuiu Island on the north from Zarembo Island and Prince of Wales Island on the south.

The fur trader William Brown was the first European to visit the strait about 1793. Later the same year James Johnstone, one of George Vancouver's officers during his 1791-95 expedition, charted it. It was named in 1875 by W. H. Dall in honor of Charles Sumner.

The Cape Decision Light is a notable aid-to-navigation on Sumner Strait.

Prince of Wales Island (Alaska)
Prince of Wales Island (Tlingit: Taan) is one of the islands of the Alexander Archipelago in the Alaska Panhandle. It is the fourth-largest island in the United States (after Hawaii, Kodiak Island, and Puerto Rico) and the 97th-largest island in the world.
Thomas Swindlehurst
Thomas Swindlehurst (21 May 1874 – 15 March 1959) was a British tug of war competitor who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. In 1908 he won the silver medal as member of the British team Liverpool Police.

Liverpool City Police
Liverpool City Police was the police force operating in the city of Liverpool, England. Established in 1836 by the Liverpool Watch Committee as Liverpool Constabulary, it was renamed in 1880 after Liverpool was granted city status.

In 1967, the force merged with Bootle Borough Police to create the Liverpool and Bootle Constabulary.
Archie Hahn (actor)
Archie Hahn (sometimes credited as Archie Hahn III, born November 1, 1941) is an American character actor and improviser best known for his appearances on the television version of Whose Line is it Anyway? and the 1988 movie Police Academy 5: Assignment Miami Beach. He has also appeared in Phantom of the Paradise (1974), Pray TV (1980), This Is Spinal Tap (1984), Brewster's Millions (1985), The Brady Bunch Movie (1995), and a number of Joe Dante films including Amazon Women on the Moon (1987), Gremlins 2: The New Batch (1990) and Small Soldiers (1998). In two of his final appearances on Whose Line is it Anyway?, Hahn unexpectedly brought props to use as he improvised, first castanets and then a pair of false teeth.

Hahn was an early member of The Groundlings school and troupe of comedy acting.

His grandfather was Archie Hahn.

Joe Dante
Joseph James Dante Jr. (/ˈdɑːnteɪ/; born November 28, 1946) is an American film director. His films—notably Gremlins (1984) alongside its sequel, Gremlins 2: The New Batch (1990)—often mix the 1950s-style B movie genre with 1960s radicalism and cartoon comedy.

Dante's output includes the films Piranha (1978), The Howling (1981), Explorers (1985), Innerspace (1987), The 'Burbs (1989), Matinee (1993), Small Soldiers (1998), and Looney Tunes: Back in Action (2003). His work for television and cable include the social satire The Second Civil War (1997), episodes of the anthology series Masters of Horror ("Homecoming" and "The Screwfly Solution") and Amazing Stories, as well as Police Squad! and Hawaii Five-0.
Emmy Kaemmerer
Emmy Kaemmerer (21 May 1890 – 1976) was a German politician, representative of the Social Democratic Party. She also went by the names Emmy Leonhard, Elisa Kaemmerer, Emmy de Jäger, Alida de Jäger, Alida Leonhard, and Alida von Leonhard Kämmerer.

Kaemmerer was born in Hamburg.

In 1919–20, she was a member of the Hamburg Parliament.

Kaemmererer's partner was Edo Fimmen and they had two daughters together, Elisa and Alida.

She died in Switzerland in 1976.

Hamburg Parliament
The Hamburg Parliament (German: Hamburgische Bürgerschaft; literally “Hamburgish Citizenry” or, more poetically, “Hamburgish Burgessry”) is the unicameral legislature of the German state of Hamburg according to the constitution of Hamburg. As of 2025 there are 121 sitting members, representing 17 electoral districts. The parliament is situated in the city hall Hamburg Rathaus and is part of the Government of Hamburg.

The parliament is among other things responsible for the law, the election of the Erster Bürgermeister (First Mayor) for the election period and the control of the Senate (cabinet).

The President of the Hamburg Parliament is the highest official person of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg.

Its members are elected in universal, direct, free, equal and secret elections every five years.