hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Proximity effect (superconductivity)
Proximity effect or Holm–Meissner effect is a term used in the field of superconductivity to describe phenomena that occur when a superconductor (S) is placed in contact with a "normal" (N) non-superconductor.  Typically the critical temperature  of the superconductor is suppressed and signs of weak superconductivity are observed in the normal material over mesoscopic distances.  The proximity effect is known since the pioneering work by Ragnar Holm and Walther Meissner in 1932. They have observed zero resistance in SNS pressed contacts, in which two superconducting metals are separated by a thin film of a non-superconducting (i.e. normal) metal. The discovery of the supercurrent in SNS contacts is sometimes mistakenly attributed to Brian Josephson's 1962 work, yet the effect was known long before his publication and was understood as the proximity effect. The discovery of this effect led to the invalidation of Albert Einstein model for superconductivity.

Critical point (thermodynamics)
Subcritical ethane, liquid and gas phase coexist.

Critical point (32.17 °C, 48.72 bar), displaying critical opalescence.

Supercritical ethane, fluid.

In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve. One example is the liquid–vapor critical point, the end point of the pressure–temperature curve that designates conditions under which a liquid and its vapor can coexist. At higher temperatures, the gas comes into a supercritical phase, and so cannot be liquefied by pressure alone. At the critical point, defined by a critical temperature Tc and a critical pressure pc, phase boundaries vanish. Other examples include the liquid–liquid critical points in mixtures, and the ferromagnet–paramagnet transition (Curie temperature) in the absence of an external magnetic field.
Jon Beavers
Jon Beavers (born May 21, 1984) is an American actor and playwright known for starring in The Fresh Beat Band, The Long Road Home, Horizon: An American Saga, and Paradise.

His musical, The Unfortunates, co-created by Beavers, Ian Merrigan, Ramiz Monsef, Casey Hurt, and Kristoffer Diaz, premiered at the Oregon Shakespeare Festival in 2013. It was produced again at ACT San Francisco in 2016 before being made available for theatrical licensing in 2021 with Uproar Theatrics.

American Conservatory Theater
The American Conservatory Theater (ACT) is a nonprofit theater company in San Francisco, California, United States, that offers both classical and contemporary theater productions. It has an attached acting school.
Sons of the Morning
Sons of the Morning is a 1945 verse drama Australian play by Catherine Duncan. It was originally written for radio.

It won first prize in the 1945 Playwrights' Advisory Board competition and was performed in Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane and Perth.

The play was published in 1946, at a time when that was rare for Australian plays.

According to Leslie Rees, "the literary and imaginative tone of the play is high. The problem of reconciling poetry with dramatic tension and the workaday sense of reality is well handled. The parts are all actable...  At one remarkable period there were two productions of Sons of the Morning in Sydney, each with a different last scene, each ending didactic, neither entirely satisfying."

Catherine Duncan
Catherine Duncan (17 March 1915 – 14 August 2006) was an Australian documentary filmmaker, actor, playwright, film researcher, script writer, film critic, archivist, and collagist. She is most well known for her work in radio broadcasts and short documentary films.
Craig Xen
Craig J. Gordwin (born October 24, 1994), known professionally as Craig Xen, is an American rapper. He is best known for his collaborations with XXXTentacion and hip hop collective Members Only. He retired from the music industry in 2020. He returned in 2024 with the release of the singles "lost without u" and "Back For You".

Members Only, Vol. 3
Members Only, Vol. 3, also referred to by its full title XXXTentacion Presents: Members Only, Vol. 3 on streaming services, is the third and final mixtape by American hip hop group Members Only. It was released via SoundCloud on June 26, 2017. It is also the final Members Only project to be released during XXXTentacion's lifetime.
Michael Leshing
Michael S. Leshing was an American citizen and the Superintendent of Twentieth Century Fox film laboratories in the 1940s.  In 1945 he was one of five honored with an Academy Award for Technical Achievement for his laboratory work in color film processing.

During World War II, Leshing was linked to a covert relationship with Soviet intelligence.  In 1943, a Venona project decryption reported that he provided the KGB's Technical Line intelligence documents and a formula for color motion pictures and other film-processing technology.

Leshing is referenced in the following Venona project decryption:

512 KGB San Francisco to Moscow, 7 December 1943.

Venona project
The Venona project was a United States counterintelligence program initiated during World War II by the United States Army's Signal Intelligence Service and later absorbed by the National Security Agency (NSA), that ran from February 1, 1943, until October 1, 1980. It was intended to decrypt messages transmitted by the intelligence agencies of the Soviet Union (e.g. the NKVD, the KGB, and the GRU).

During the 37-year duration of the Venona project, the Signal Intelligence Service decrypted and translated approximately 3,000 messages. The signals intelligence yield included discovery of the Cambridge Five espionage ring in the United Kingdom, and also of Soviet espionage of the Manhattan Project in the US, known as Project Enormous. Some of the espionage was undertaken to support the Soviet atomic bomb project. The Venona project remained secret for more than 15 years after it concluded.
Dario Cirisano
Dario Cirisano (Russian: Дарио Чиризано, born 12 June 2001) is a Russian ice dancer. With partner, Elizaveta Pasechnik, he is the 2026 Russian national bronze medalist.

With his former skating partner, Irina Khavronina, he is the 2020 Youth Olympic champion and 2022 Russian junior champion.

2026 Russian Figure Skating Championships
The 2026 Russian Figure Skating Championships (Russian: Чемпионат России по фигурному катанию на коньках 2026) were held from 17 to 21 December 2025 in Saint Petersburg. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pairs, and ice dance.
Rob Walker (New York politician)
Richard Robinson "Rob" Walker (born 1974/1975) was the Chief Deputy County Executive of Nassau County, New York from January 2010 until January 2018 shortly before his arrest in February.  He was previously a Republican member of the New York State Assembly representing the 15th Assembly District, which includes parts of central Nassau County including Hicksville, Westbury and Syosset.

Syosset, New York
Syosset /saɪˈɒsɪt/ is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 19,259 at the time of the 2020 census.
Onion gravy
Onion gravy is a type of gravy prepared with onion. Various types of onions are used in its preparation. Some preparations caramelise the onions. Onion gravy may be served to accompany many foods, such as pork, beef steak, meatloaf, hamburger, bangers and mash, hot dogs, and chips, among others. Vegan onion gravy also exists, which may use seitan cooking broth in its preparation. Premade mixes and formulations also exist, such as solid sauce bars.

Seitan
Seitan (UK: /ˈseɪtæn/, US: /-tɑːn/; Japanese: セイタン) is a food made from gluten, the main protein of wheat.
It is also known as miànjīn (Chinese: 麵筋), fu (Japanese: 麩), milgogi (Korean: 밀고기), mì căn, wheat meat, gluten meat, or simply gluten.

Wheat gluten is an alternative to soybean-based foods, such as tofu, which are sometimes used as a meat alternative. Some types of wheat gluten have a chewy or stringy texture that resembles meat more than other substitutes. Wheat gluten is often used instead of meat in Asian, vegetarian, vegan, Buddhist, and macrobiotic cuisines. Mock duck is a common use.

Wheat gluten first appeared during the 6th century as an ingredient for Chinese noodles. It has historically been popular in the cuisines of China, Japan and other East and Southeast Asian nations. In Asia, it is commonly found on the menus of restaurants catering primarily to Buddhist customers who do not eat meat.
Kudirat Kekere-Ekun
Kudirat Motonmori Olatokunbo GCON CFR (born 7 May 1958), popularly known as Kudirat Kekere-Ekun, is a Nigerian jurist and Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria who has served as the Chief Justice of Nigeria since 22 August 2024. She was appointed Chief Justice following the retirement of Chief Justice Olukayode Ariwoola.

Order of the Niger
The Order of the Niger (OON) is the second highest national award in Nigeria. It was instituted in 1963 and is junior to the Order of the Federal Republic (OFR), the highest order of merit in the country.
2012 Chiapas gubernatorial election
The 2012 gubernatorial election in the Mexican state of Chiapas was held on Sunday, July 1, 2012. Incumbent Chiapas Governor Juan Sabines Guerrero of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) is retiring due to mandatory term limits, which limit all Mexican state governors to one, six-year term. The Chiapas gubernatorial election coincided with the 2012 Mexican presidential and general elections.

Administrative divisions of Mexico
Mexico is a federal republic composed of 32 federative entities (Spanish: entidades federativas): 31 states and Mexico City. According to the Constitution of Mexico, the states of the federation are free and sovereign in all matters concerning their internal affairs. Since 2016, Mexico City has been a fully autonomous entity on par with the states. Each state federative entity has its own congress and constitution.
Under Neon Lights
"Under Neon Lights" is a song co-written, produced and performed by British electronic band the Chemical Brothers, issued as the third single from the band's eighth studio album Born in the Echoes. The song features vocals from American art rock musician St. Vincent, who also serves as co-writer.

Art rock
Art rock is a subgenre of rock music that aims to separate the genre from popular entertainment, with the term typically being applied as the middle ground between mainstream and experimental rock. Art rock primarily draws influences from the wider art world  and academia; which includes contemporary art, art music, avant-garde art, experimental music, avant-garde music, alongside classical music and jazz.

Critics have defined art rock as a "rejection" of rock music intended solely for the purpose of popular entertainment or dancing. The term was closely associated with a specific period beginning in 1966–67, which became influential to the development of progressive rock.
15th FAI World Rally Flying Championship
15th FAI World Rally Flying Championship took place between July 26 – July 31, 2006 in Troyes in France, altogether with the 17th FAI World Precision Flying Championship (July 21–26).

There were 65 crews from France (8), Poland (6), Czech Republic (5), United Kingdom (5), Spain (5), Hungary (5), South Africa (5), Russia (4), Austria (3), Germany (3), Greece (3), Italy (3), Chile (3), Cyprus (2), Israel (2), Slovakia (1), Portugal (1) and 1 mixed.

Most popular airplane was Cessna 152 (31 crews) and Cessna 172 (25), then DR400 (4), Cessna 150 (3), 3Xtrim (2), PZL Wilga 2000 (2), Glastar (1), HB-23 (1), Piper PA-28-180 Cherokee (1), DV-20 (1) (these numbers of aircraft are initial, while number of participating crews was in fact lower - 65).

3Xtrim 3X55 Trener
The 3X55 Trener (Trainer) and 3X47 Ultra are a family of ultralight aircraft produced in Poland by the 3Xtrim Aircraft Factory. Both are two-seat, high-wing, strut-braced monoplanes with fixed tricycle undercarriage and available only as completed aircraft. There are also 450 Ultra and 495 Ultra Plus sub-variants of the 3X47 Ultra, with gross weights adjusted for national ultralight regulations.

The US light sport aircraft version of the 3X55 is known as the Navigator 600 and has a 1320-pound maximum gross takeoff weight

3Xtrim take their company name from a double entendre, as they refer to their designs being "triple trimmed" (or more exactly "triple-tested") during the design, prototype and production stages and also that the aircraft is designed for "extreme conditions". In English the company name is pronounced "Three-Extreme".
Breonadia
Breonadia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It was described by Colin Ernest Ridsdale in 1975. The genus contains only one species, viz. Breonadia salicina, which is found in tropical and southern Africa from Mali and Benin east to Ethiopia, south to South Africa, as well as Yemen, Saudi Arabia and Madagascar.

Breonadia salicina (Matumi, Afrikaans: Mingerhout, Sotho: Mohlomê, Venda: Mutu-lume, Zulu: Umfomfo) is a protected tree in South Africa.

Zulu language
Zulu (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), or isiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken in, and indigenous to, Southern Africa with about 13.56 million native speakers, who primarily inhabit the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The word "KwaZulu-Natal" translates into English as "Home of the Zulu Nation is Natal". Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa (24% of the population), and it is understood by over 50% of its population. It became one of South Africa's 12 official languages in 1994.

According to Ethnologue, it is the second-most widely spoken of the Bantu languages, after Swahili. Like many other Bantu languages, it is written with the Latin alphabet.

In South African English, the language is often referred to in its native form, isiZulu.
Chorus of One
Chorus of One is a punk rock EP by the band Strike Anywhere, released in 2000. The entirety of its content has since been made available as part of Strike Anywhere's To Live in Discontent rarities compilation album. The EP's artwork was designed by As Friends Rust vocalist Damien Moyal. The band had toured the United States with As Friends Rust from May 29 to June 30, 2000.

"Question the Answer" is featured on the soundtrack to the skateboarding video game Tony Hawk's American Wasteland.

Tony Hawk's American Wasteland
Tony Hawk's American Wasteland is a 2005 skateboarding video game developed by Neversoft and published by Activision. It is the seventh entry in the Tony Hawk's series and was released initially for the GameCube, PlayStation 2 and Xbox in 2005 in North America on October 18 and October 28 in Europe, launching on the Xbox 360 as a launch title with ports for other systems released later.

American Wasteland is the first Tony Hawk's game to support Xbox Live; online play was previously limited to the PlayStation 2 and Microsoft Windows. The Nintendo DS and Game Boy Advance versions were released as Tony Hawk's American Sk8land on the same day as the console versions. The DS version features Wi-Fi capabilities and was the first third-party DS game to have online support. The Xbox version was playable online until Xbox Live for the original Xbox was shut down in 2010, American Wasteland is now playable online using replacement online servers for the Xbox called Insignia.
Umm Zahmak
Um Zahmak (Arabic: أم زهمك)  is a Syrian village located in Al-Hamraa Nahiyah in Hama District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Um Zahmak had a population of 306 in the 2004 census.

Hama District
Hama District (Arabic: منطقة حماة Ḥamā) is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Hama Governorate, Syria. At the time of the 2023 Census, it had a population of 1,054,000 Its administrative centre is the city of Hama. It is now controlled by the Syrian transitional government
Brandon McBride
Brandon McBride (born June 15, 1994) is a Canadian track and field athlete competing in middle-distance events, predominantly in the 800 metres. He won the gold medal in the event at the 2018 NACAC Championships.

McBride represented Canada at the 2016 Rio and 2020 Tokyo Olympics. He is the Canadian record holder for the 800 m and won four national titles.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics were held during the last ten days of the Games. They were due to be held from 31 July – 9 August 2020, at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo, Japan.  Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the games were postponed to 2021, with the track and field events set for 30 July – 8 August. The sport of athletics at these Games was split into three distinct sets of events: track and field events, remaining in Tokyo, and road running events and racewalking events, moved to Sapporo. A total of 48 events were held, one more than in 2016, with the addition of a mixed relay event.
Lipoic acid
Lipoic acid (LA), also known as α-lipoic acid, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and thioctic acid, is an organosulfur compound derived from caprylic acid (octanoic acid). ALA, which is made in animals normally, is essential for aerobic metabolism. It is also available as a dietary supplement or pharmaceutical drug in some countries. Lipoate is the conjugate base of lipoic acid, and the most prevalent form of LA under physiological conditions. Only the (R)-(+)-enantiomer (RLA) exists in nature. RLA is an essential cofactor of many processes.

Subtilisin
Subtilisin is a protease (a protein-digesting enzyme) initially obtained from Bacillus subtilis.

Subtilisins belong to subtilases, a group of serine proteases that – like all serine proteases – initiate the nucleophilic attack on the peptide (amide) bond through a serine residue at the active site. Subtilisins typically have molecular weights 27kDa.  They can be obtained from certain types of soil bacteria, for example, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens from which they are secreted in large amounts.
Mt. Union Cemetery
Mt. Union Cemetery is a historic non-profit cemetery, located in Philomath, Oregon, United States. It was listed on the Benton County Historic Register on November 14, 1994. It is also known as Newton Cemetery.

Benton County, Oregon
Benton County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 95,184. Its county seat is Corvallis. The county was named after Thomas Hart Benton, a U.S. Senator who advocated American control over the Oregon Country. Benton County is designated as the Corvallis, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Portland–Vancouver–Salem, OR–WA Combined Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley.
Czarnocin, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Czarnocin [t͡ʂarˈnɔt͡ɕin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skarszewy, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.
Anne-Marie Ruddock
Anne-Marie "Annie" Ruddock (born Anne-Marie Teresa Antoinette Ruddock) is a British singer best known for being the lead vocalist with a 1980s ska revival, reggae and new wave band, Amazulu. In 1984 she appeared with Amazulu on the TV show The Young Ones, performing "Moonlight Romance" in the episode "Time".

After the group broke up in 1987, she and two other former members unsuccessfully continued as Amazulu II. In 1987 Ruddock made an appearance in the Alex Cox film Straight to Hell, alongside other musicians and actors Joe Strummer, Elvis Costello, Grace Jones, members of The Pogues and The Circle Jerks, Courtney Love, Edward Tudor-Pole, Jim Jarmusch, Dennis Hopper and Kathy Burke.

Joe Strummer
John Graham Mellor (21 August 1952 – 22 December 2002), known professionally as Joe Strummer, was a British musician. He was the co-founder, lyricist, rhythm guitarist, and lead vocalist of punk rock band the Clash.

Strummer's other career highlights included stints with the 101ers, the Latino Rockabilly War, the Mescaleros and the Pogues, as well as solo music, acting, scoring television shows and films, and hosting the BBC Radio show London Calling. Strummer and the Clash were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in January 2003. In his remembrance, Strummer's friends and family established The Joe Strummer Foundation (initially known as Strummerville), a non-profit organisation that gives opportunities to musicians and supports projects around the world that create empowerment through music.
Pang Sua Pond
Pang Sua Pond is a floating wetland located in Bukit Panjang, Singapore. It is the second-largest man-made wetland in Singapore. The pond has a 480-meter long elevated bridge that connects to the Bukit Panjang Park Connector and the Senja-Cashew Community Club. It also serves as a stormwater collection pond.

Artificiality
Artificiality (the state of being artificial, anthropogenic, or man-made) is the condition of being the product of intentional human manufacture (namely, by artifice), rather than occurring naturally through processes not involving or requiring human activity.
Jegrička Nature Park
The Jegrička Nature Park (Serbian: Парк природе Јегричка / Park prirode Jegrička) is a nature park in the north of Serbia along the Jegrička river the Bačka region of the Vojvodina province. The river is often lyrically referred to as "the umbilical cord of the Bačka wetlands" and is therefore declared a nature park. It covers the area along the river's banks and runs through four municipalities: Bačka Palanka, Vrbas, Temerin and Žabalj.

In the late 2000s the sections of the river which flow through the settlements, like Ravno Selo and Zmajevo, were dredged and cleaned from silt, while the banks were adapted into the esplanades with the benches, gazebos and tables. But by 2011 the river was clogged with the garbage again. The water in the park is threatened by the domestic waste, sewage water, cutting and burning of the reed, drainage of the pesticides from the surrounding fields and poaching.

Vrbas, Serbia
Vrbas (Serbian Cyrillic: Врбас) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2022, the town has a population of 20,892, while the municipality has 36,601 inhabitants.
Matěj Kvíčala
Matěj Kvíčala (born 6 May 1989 in Jablonec nad Nisou) is a Czech luger, who has competed since 1999.

He finished 18th in doubles at the 2010 Olympic Games together with Luboš Jíra,  and finished 15th in the men's doubles event at the FIL European Luge Championships 2010 in Sigulda.

Competing in doubles with Jaromir Kudera, he finished 23rd at the 2012 World Championships, 17th at the 2013 World Championships, 13th at the 2015 World Championships, 16th at the 2016 World Championships (as well as 11th in the team relay), before missing out on the second run of the 2017 World Championships. Kvíčala and Kudera then finished 18th at the 2018 Olympic Games.

FIL World Luge Championships 2013
The FIL World Luge Championships 2013 took place under the auspices of the International Luge Federation at the bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada. The facility was chosen at the 57th FIL Congress in Liberec, Czech Republic on 20 June 2009. Whistler was the only venue bidding for the championships.