hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prószków
Prószków ([ˈpruʂkuf], German: Proskau; Silesian: Prōszkow) is a town in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship in southern Poland. It is the administrative seat of Gmina Prószków, a Polish/German bilingual commune since 2006.

Bilingual municipalities in Poland
The bilingual status of gminas (municipalities) in Poland is regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish. So far 44 gminas have done this:
Mary Valentine
Mary Valentine (born December 30, 1946) is a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan.  She is a Democrat and former member of the Michigan State House of Representatives.  She represented the 91st State House District, which includes most of Muskegon County, except for the city of Muskegon and surrounding areas.  It also includes a small portion of Ottawa County. In 2010 she ran for the state senate, but was defeated in a landslide by her Republican opponent.

Muskegon County, Michigan
Muskegon County (/məˈskiːɡən/ mə-SKEE-gən) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of 2020, the population was 175,824. The county seat is Muskegon.

Muskegon County comprises the Muskegon, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Grand Rapids-Kentwood-Muskegon, MI Combined Statistical Area.
SOCKS
SOCKS is an Internet protocol that exchanges network packets between a client and server through a proxy server. SOCKS5 optionally provides authentication, so only authorized users may access a server. Practically, a SOCKS server proxies TCP connections to an arbitrary IP address and provides a means for UDP packets to be forwarded. The SOCKS protocol operates between the application layer and the transport layer. A SOCKS server accepts incoming client connection on TCP port 1080.

NEC
NEC Corporation (日本電気株式会社, Nippon Denki Kabushiki gaisha; an acronym for the Nippon Electric Company) is a Japanese multinational information technology corporation headquartered at the NEC Supertower in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It provides IT and network solutions, including cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) platform, and telecommunications equipment and software to business enterprises, communications services providers and to government agencies. It is one of the five largest defense contractors in Japan.

NEC was one of the world's largest personal computer and semiconductor manufacturers from the 1980s to the 2000s, but has largely withdrawn from manufacturing since the beginning of the 21st century, having spun off its PC business to Lenovo and its semiconductor business to Renesas Electronics and Elpida Memory.

NEC is a member of the Sumitomo Group.
Derwentside Immigration Removal Centre
Derwentside Immigration Removal Centre (Derwentside IRC) is a detention facility in County Durham used to house women waiting for deportation from the UK. Opened in late 2021 despite opposition from Durham County Council, the facility was initially operated by Mitie under a two-year contract. In 2023, the operation of the facility was taken over by Serco, who were awarded a nine-year contract with Immigration Enforcement to operate the site. As of 2021, the site had capacity for 84 women.

Immigration Enforcement
Immigration Enforcement (IE) is a law enforcement command within the Home Office, responsible for enforcing immigration law across the United Kingdom. The force was part of the now defunct UK Border Agency from its establishment in 2008 until Home Secretary Theresa May demerged it in March 2012 after severe criticism of the senior management. Immigration Enforcement was formed on 1 March 2012, becoming accountable directly to ministers.

The force's responsibilities include preventing abuse, tracking immigration offenders and increasing compliance with immigration law. Its officers are warranted as immigration officers, holding various powers of arrest and detention. Officers work in the UK and overseas, including inland and at air and sea ports, often in partnership with Border Force.

The work of Immigration Enforcement is monitored by the Independent Chief Inspector of Borders and Immigration.
Arachidic acid
Arachidic acid, also known as icosanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with a 20-carbon chain. It is a minor constituent of cupuaçu butter (7%), perilla oil (0–1%), peanut oil (1.1–1.7%), corn oil (3%), and cocoa butter (1%). The salts and esters of arachidic acid are known as arachidates.

Its name derives from the Latin arachis—peanut. It can be formed by the hydrogenation of arachidonic acid.

Reduction of arachidic acid yields arachidyl alcohol.

Arachidic acid is used for the production of detergents, photographic materials and lubricants.

Cocoa butter
Cocoa butter, also called theobroma oil, is a pale-yellow, edible fat extracted from the cocoa bean (Theobroma  cacao). It is used to make chocolate, as well as some ointments, toiletries, and pharmaceuticals. Cocoa butter has a cocoa flavor and aroma. Its melting point is slightly below human body temperature. It is an essential ingredient of chocolate and related confectionary products. Cocoa butter does not contain butter or other animal products; it is vegan.
The Thursday Night Sport Show
The Thursday Night Sport Show was an Australian sports television series that aired on One every Thursday at 9:30 p.m. from 2 October 2014 and 13 November 2014. The show was hosted by Mel McLaughlin with regular panelists Mark Howard and Sam Mac.

10 Drama
10 Drama is an Australian free-to-air digital television multichannel owned by Network 10. It originally launched on 26 March 2009 as One HD with a focus on broadcasting sports-based programming and events, but rebranded to One in April 2011 to include more scripted and adventure-based programming aimed at males between the ages of 25 and 54. As of October 2018, the channel now primarily broadcasts dramatic programming.
Cisco Bradley
Cisco Bradley (born October 9, 1976) is an American historian known for his work on music, migration, and cultural production. In 2021, he published Universal Tonality: The Life and Music of William Parker with Duke University Press after approaching William Parker in 2015 about an interview. Themes in his work center on social resistance through cultural expression, migration and community formation.

Fay Victor
Fay Victor (born July 26, 1965) is an American musician, composer, lyricist and educator. Originally a singer in the traditional jazz field, she has been working in jazz, blues, opera, free improvising, avant-garde, modern classical music, and occasional acting since re-settling in New York in 2003.
ARA Teniente Olivieri
The ARA Teniente Olivieri (A-2) is a ship in service with the Argentine Navy classified as an aviso.

Homebased at Ushuaia, she  is normally assigned to operate in Antarctica during the summer campaigns in the Patrulla Antártica Naval Combinada (English: Joint Antarctic Naval Patrol) with the Chilean Navy to guarantee safety to all tourist and scientific ships that are in transit within the Antarctic Peninsula.

Chilean Navy
The Chilean Navy (Spanish: Armada de Chile) is the naval warfare service branch of the Chilean Armed Forces. It is under the Ministry of National Defense. Its headquarters are at Edificio Armada de Chile, Valparaiso.
Heptachlor
Heptachlor is an organochlorine compound that was used as an insecticide. Usually sold as a white or tan powder, heptachlor is one of the cyclodiene insecticides.  In 1962, Rachel Carson's Silent Spring questioned the safety of heptachlor and other chlorinated insecticides.  Due to its highly stable structure, heptachlor can persist in the environment for decades. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency has limited the sale of heptachlor products to the specific application of fire ant control in underground transformers. The amount that can be present in different foods is regulated.

Insecticide
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. The major use of insecticides is in agriculture, but they are also used in home and garden settings, industrial buildings, for vector control, and control of insect parasites of animals and humans.

Acaricides, which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. Some insecticides (including common bug sprays) are effective against other non-insect arthropods as well, such as scorpions, spiders, etc. Insecticides are distinct from insect repellents, which repel but do not kill.
Cristina Volpe
Maria Cristina Volpe is an astrophysicist specializing in the theory and phenomenology of cosmological neutrinos, including neutrinos from supernovae, the mass of neutrinos, and neutrino oscillation. She has also been involved in research on ground-based facilities for neutrino production via beta decay, producing so-called "beta beams". She is a director of research for the French National Centre for Scientific Research.

Phenomenology (physics)
In physics, phenomenology is the application of theoretical physics to experimental data by making quantitative predictions based upon known theories. It is related to the philosophical notion of the same name in that these predictions describe anticipated behaviors for the phenomena in reality. Phenomenology stands in contrast with experimentation in the scientific method, in which the goal of the experiment is to test a scientific hypothesis instead of making predictions.

Phenomenology is commonly applied to the field of particle physics, where it forms a bridge between the mathematical models of theoretical physics (such as quantum field theories and theories of the structure of space-time) and the results of the high-energy particle experiments. It is sometimes used in other fields such as in condensed matter physics and plasma physics, when there are no existing theories for the observed experimental data.
John Henry Wellington
John Henry Wellington (February 3, 1861 – March 24, 1937) was a railway worker, coal merchant and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Moose Jaw City in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1905 to 1912 as a Provincial Rights Party member.

He was born in Forest, Canada West, the son of John Wellington, and was educated in Forest and in Saginaw City, Michigan. Wellington worked as a fireman on the Grand Trunk Railway and as an engineer for the Canadian Pacific Railway. He was married twice: first to Emma Ward in 1880 and then to Margaret McPherson in 1905. Wellington lived in Moose Jaw, moving there in 1893. He retired from railway work in 1905. Wellington served as a member of the school board and police commission and as an alderman for Moose Jaw. He died at home in Moose Jaw at the age of 76.

Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan
The Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan is a conservative political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Founded in 1905 by former Northwest Territories Premier Frederick Haultain, the party was first known as the Provincial Rights Party. In 1912, its name changed to the Conservative Party of Saskatchewan, and in 1942 it adopted its current name. Members are commonly known as Tories.

The party has formed government in Saskatchewan three times, first in a coalition government from 1929 to 1934, and then in consecutive majority governments from 1982 to 1991. The party was badly damaged by an expense fraud scandal in the 1990s. In 1997, the party went dormant when much of its membership migrated to the newly established Saskatchewan Party. Although the party has been active again since the 2007 provincial election, no PC candidates have been elected since 1995.
Eric Worrell
Eric Arthur Frederic Worrell, MBE (27 October 1924 – 13 July 1987) was an Australian herpetologist, naturalist, science writer and zoo founder and director, known for establishing the Australian Reptile Park at Wyoming on the NSW Central Coast in 1959.

Worrell's collection of snake venom was utilised by the Australian Serum Laboratories as essential in the production of snake anti-venom in Australia.

Russell Drysdale
Sir George Russell Drysdale AC (7 February 1912 – 29 June 1981), also known as Tass Drysdale, was an Australian artist. He won the prestigious Wynne Prize for Sofala in 1947, and represented Australia at the Venice Biennale in 1954. He was influenced by abstract and surrealist art, and "created a new vision of the Australian scene as revolutionary and influential as that of Tom Roberts".
2024 Texas Democratic presidential primary
The 2024 Texas Democratic presidential primary took place on March 5, 2024, as part of the Democratic Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 272 delegates to the Democratic National Convention were allocated to presidential candidates. The contest was held on Super Tuesday alongside primaries in 14 other states and territories.

Biden won the primary in a landslide, with opposition from smaller candidates. Frankie Lozada won Loving County, the only other county victory by a candidate over Biden alongside Dean Philips' victories in Oklahoma's Cimarron County and in Nebraska's Logan County. Biden's defeat in Loving County was attributed to its low population (having 64 citizens as of the 2020 census), which allowed its only voter to hand the county to a minor candidate named Frankie Lozada. In South Texas, a region with a heavily Hispanic population, Biden significantly underperformed his statewide total, a continuation of his troubles with this demographic from 2020.

Logan County, Nebraska
Logan County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 716. Its county seat is Stapleton.

Logan County is part of the North Platte Micropolitan Statistical Area.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Logan County is represented by the prefix 87 (it had the 87th-most registered vehicles when the license plate system was established in 1922).
Antisemitic incidents during the Gaza War (2008–2009)
Antisemitic incidents escalated worldwide in frequency and intensity during the 2008–2009 Gaza War, and were widely considered to be a wave of reprisal attacks in response to the conflict.

The number and severity of reported incidents was particularly high in France and the United Kingdom, countries with large Muslim and Jewish populations. The incidents, which included firebombings and arson of Jewish buildings, attacks on Jewish individuals, defacement of synagogues and vandalism, drew reactions from several governments and non-governmental organizations worldwide. Most perpetrators of these attacks have not been identified or prosecuted.

Community Security Trust
The Community Security Trust (CST) is a British charity whose stated mission is to provide safety, security, and advice to the Jewish community in the UK. It provides advice, training, representation and research.
Santa Clara Avenue Oil Field
The Santa Clara Avenue Oil Field is an oil field in Ventura County, California, about six miles southeast of the city of Ventura and four miles northeast of Oxnard.  It is produced entirely from two walled drilling islands along Santa Clara Avenue, each containing multiple directionally drilled wells.  The field is within an agricultural area being encroached on several sides by urban development. As of 2010, the field reported 1,335,000 barrels of recoverable oil remaining and had 18 active oil wells.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Bernal, Argentina
Bernal is a city located in the northeast of Quilmes in the province of Buenos Aires, approximately 10 miles south of the city of Buenos Aires.  It is the second largest and most populated city in the Partido of Quilmes. Bernal borders Avellaneda Partido and Lanús Partido to the north-west, the city of Quilmes to the south-east, Almirante Brown Partido and Lomas de Zamora Partido to the south-west the Río de la Plata to the north-east.

Bernal consists of the neighborhoods of Barrio Parque, Villa Cramer, Villa Alcira, and Bernal Centre, among others. The Railway General Roca divides the city in two.

Lomas de Zamora Partido
Lomas de Zamora is a partido (district) of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, and part of the Greater Buenos Aires urban agglomeration.

It has an area of 89 km2 (34 sq mi) and a population of 613,192 (2001 census [INDEC]), the second-most populous partido in the Greater Buenos Aires agglomeration. The local government's seat is at the city of Lomas de Zamora.
Bristol Spaceplanes
Bristol Spaceplanes (BSP) is a British aerospace company based in Bristol, England, who has designed a number of spaceplanes with sub-orbital and orbital capabilities. The company's stated goal is "to realise low-cost access to space", primarily through reusable launch vehicles, claiming the cost of human space travel has the potential to be reduced by a factor of 1,000.

Liquid rocket propellant
The highest specific impulse chemical rockets use liquid propellants (liquid-propellant rockets). They can consist of a single chemical (a monopropellant) or a mix of two chemicals, called bipropellants. Bipropellants can further be divided into two categories; hypergolic propellants, which ignite when the fuel and oxidizer make contact, and non-hypergolic propellants which require an ignition source.

About 170 different propellants made of liquid fuel have been tested, excluding minor changes to a specific propellant such as propellant additives, corrosion inhibitors, or stabilizers. In the U.S. alone at least 25 different propellant combinations have been flown.

Many factors go into choosing a propellant for a liquid-propellant rocket engine. The primary factors include ease of operation, cost, hazards/environment and performance.
Reginald III, Count of Burgundy
Reginald III (French: Renaud; c. 1087 – 1148), son of Stephen I and Beatrice of Lorraine, was the count of Burgundy between 1127 and 1148. Previously, he had been the count of Mâcon since his father's death in 1102, with his brother, William of Vienne. His mother, Beatrice of Lorraine, was the daughter of Gerard, Duke of Lorraine. Pope Callixtus II was Reginald's paternal uncle.

Reginald proclaimed independence from Emperor Lothair III, but was defeated by King Conrad III of Germany and forced to relinquish all his lands east of the Jura. The name of the region Franche-Comté is derived from his title, franc-compte, meaning "free count".

About 1142, Reginald married Agatha, daughter of Duke  Simon I of Lorraine. They had a daughter, Beatrice I.

In 1148, Reginald was traveling in France when he fell ill with multiple illnesses. He died so suddenly that he could not even appoint a regent for his young daughter, Beatrice I, who succeeded him.

Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor
Lothair III, sometimes numbered Lothair II and also known as Lothair of Supplinburg (c. June 1075 – 4 December 1137), was Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 until his death. He was appointed Duke of Saxony in 1106 and elected King of Germany in 1125 before being crowned emperor in Rome. The son of the Saxon count Gebhard of Supplinburg, his reign was troubled by the constant intriguing of the Hohenstaufens, Duke Frederick II of Swabia and Duke Conrad of Franconia. He died while returning from a successful campaign against the Norman Kingdom of Sicily.
Sasano
Sasano (written: 笹野) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hiroshi Sasano, Japanese middle-distance runner

Michiru Sasano, Japanese pop singer and songwriter

Takashi Sasano (笹野 高史, born 1948), Japanese actor

Michiru Sasano
Michiru Sasano (笹野 みちる, Sasano Michiru) is a Japanese musician, pop singer and songwriter. In 1988, when she was attending college in Doshisha University.

A pop band Tokyo Shōnen was formed in which she became the songwriter and vocalist. She later came out as a lesbian. After the band broke up, she became a solo artist in 1993.
Naval Arctic Research Laboratory
The Naval Arctic Research Laboratory (NARL) was an Office of Naval Research research facility located at Point Barrow in Utqiaġvik, Alaska. The site is the present day location of Iḷisaġvik College.

71°19′30″N 156°40′50″W﻿ / ﻿71.32500°N 156.68056°W﻿ / 71.32500; -156.68056

Point Barrow
Point Barrow or Nuvuk is a headland on the Arctic coast in the U.S. state of Alaska, 9 miles (14 km) northeast of Utqiagvik (formerly Barrow). It is the northernmost point of all the territory of the United States, at 71°23′20″N 156°28′45″W﻿ / ﻿71.38889°N 156.47917°W﻿ / 71.38889; -156.47917﻿ (Point Barrow), 1,122 nautical miles (1,291 mi; 2,078 km) south of the North Pole. (The northernmost point on the North American mainland, Murchison Promontory in Canada, is 40 miles (64 km) further north.)
Oxbow, Oregon
Oxbow is an unincorporated community in Baker County, Oregon, United States. Oxbow is along Oregon Route 86 next to the Snake River near the Oxbow Dam on the Oregon-Idaho border, about 17 miles (27 km) northeast of Halfway. Oxbow is just south of the site of the former mining town of Copperfield. Oxbow has a post office with a ZIP code 97840.

There was once a station named Oxbow on a portion of the Oregon Short Line Railroad now inundated by Oxbow Reservoir. It was named for The Oxbow, a U-shaped bend in the Snake River named for the agricultural implement. The present-day community of Oxbow was established in the early 1960s near the former site of Copperfield during the building of the Oxbow Dam by the Idaho Power Company. Oxbow post office was established on May 1, 1965, after moving the office from Homestead six miles to the north. At one time, Oxbow had a school.

Idaho Power
Idaho Power Company (IPC) is a regulated electrical power utility. Its business involves the purchase, sale, generation, transmission and distribution of electricity in eastern Oregon and southern Idaho. It is a subsidiary of IDACORP, Inc. The company's 24,000-square-mile (62,000 km2) service area generally follows the area around the Snake River and its tributaries.

Idaho Power owns and operates 17 hydroelectric dams and three natural gas power plants. IPC also owns shares of one coal-fired power plants.

In 2023, electricity sold by IPC was 36.8% hydroelectric, 15.4% natural gas, 13.0% coal, 9.8% wind, 5.4% solar, and, 2.3% geothermal, biomass & other, and 17.3% purchased from other generation companies.
Livewires (comics)
Livewires is a six-issue comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics in 2005. The series was written by Adam Warren, who also provided layouts, and pencilled by Rick Mays and Jason Martin.

The series stars a group of fictional androids who are members of a covert black ops program code named Project Livewire. These androids are on a mission to seek out and destroy other black ops.

Android (robot)
An android is a humanoid robot or other artificial being, often made from a flesh-like material. Historically, androids existed only in the domain of science fiction and were frequently seen in film and television, but advances in robot technology have allowed the creation of similar robots in real life.