hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bruce Osborne
Bruce H. Osborne (August 27, 1924 – November 23, 2008) was an American football player and coach. He was head football coach at the College of Southern Utah—now known as Southern Utah University—from 1954 to 1964. Southern Utah competed as a junior college prior to 1963. Osborne played college football at Utah State University and Brigham Young University (BYU).

After coaching at Delta High School in Delta, Utah, Osborne was hired in 1953 to coach the sophomore football and basketball teams at Provo High School in Provo, Utah. A year later, he was appointed the head football coach at the College of Southern Utah.

Osborne was born on August 27, 1924 in Minersville, Utah to Josiah Osborne Jr. and Lucy Murdock Osborne. He served with the in the South Pacific United States Marine Corps during World War II. Osborne was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He died on November 23, 2008, in Cedar City, Utah.

Provo High School
Provo High School is a public secondary school located in Provo, Utah, United States. It is one of three high schools in the Provo City School District and was the oldest secondary school in the city. In the Summer of 2017 the school district began building a new school. The school was finished in August 2018.
Salt Lick Award
The Salt Lick Award was an award given to Canadian manufacturers of foods that demonstrated inappropriately high sodium levels in order to raise awareness of high-sodium foods to general consumers. The name refers to salt licks. The award has not been awarded since 2010.

Mineral lick
A mineral lick (also known as a salt lick) is a place where animals can go to lick essential mineral nutrients from a deposit of salts and other minerals. Mineral licks  can be naturally occurring or artificial (such as blocks of salt that farmers place in pastures for livestock to lick). Natural licks are common, and they provide essential elements such as phosphorus and the biometals (sodium, calcium, iron, zinc, and trace elements) required for bone, muscle and other growth in herbivorous mammals such as deer, moose, elephants, hippos, rhinos, giraffes, zebras, wildebeests, tapirs, woodchucks, fox squirrels, mountain goats, porcupines, and frugivorous bats. Such licks are especially important in ecosystems such as tropical rainforests and grasslands with poor general availability of nutrients. Harsh weather exposes salty mineral deposits that draw animals from miles away for a taste of needed nutrients. It is thought that certain fauna can detect calcium in salt licks.
Bienenbüttel
Bienenbüttel is a free municipality in the district of Uelzen, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the river Ilmenau, approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Uelzen, and 13 kilometres (8 mi) southeast of Lüneburg. Bienenbüttel is a part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region and of the Lüneburg Heath (German: Lüneburger Heide).

Bienenbüttel is the seat of the Einheitsgemeinde ("free municipality") Bienenbüttel.
Incorporated into the municipality are the villages of Bargdorf, Beverbeck with Grünewald, Bornsen, Edendorf, Eitzen I with Bardenhagen, Grünhagen, Hohenbostel, Hohnstorf, Niendorf, Rieste with Neu-Rieste, Steddorf with Neu-Steddorf, Varendorf, Wichmannsburg and Wulfstorf.

Bienenbüttel is located on the Elbe Lateral Canal, a 115-kilometre (71 mi) long waterway, and has a station on the highspeed Hanover–Hamburg railway (Hamburg-Uelzen-Hannover).

Lüneburg
Lüneburg, officially the Hanseatic City of Lüneburg and also known in English as Lunenburg, is a town in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is located about 50 km (31 mi) southeast of another Hanseatic city, Hamburg, and belongs to that city's wider metropolitan region. The capital of the district which bears its name, it is home to roughly 77,000 people. Lüneburg's urban area, which includes the surrounding communities of Adendorf, Bardowick, Barendorf and Reppenstedt, has a population of around 103,000. Lüneburg has been allowed to use the title Hansestadt ('Hanseatic Town') in its name since 2007, in recognition of its membership in the former Hanseatic League. Lüneburg is also home to Leuphana University.
Bishop of Bradford
The Bishop of Bradford is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Leeds, in the Province of York, England. The title takes its name after Bradford, a city in West Yorkshire.

Upon the creation of the Diocese of Leeds on 20 April 2014, the diocesan see was dissolved and its diocese's territory added to the new diocese, within which there is a newly created suffragan see for the Area Bishop of Bradford. On 26 August 2014, it was announced that Toby Howarth was to become the first area bishop of Bradford; he was consecrated on 17 October 2014.

Episcopal polity
An episcopal polity, also known as episcopalianism, is a hierarchical form of church governance in which the chief local authorities are called bishops. The word "bishop" here is derived via the British Latin and Vulgar Latin term *ebiscopus/*biscopus, from Ancient Greek  ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos) 'overseer'. It is the structure used by many of the major Christian Churches and denominations, such as the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Church of the East, Anabaptist, Lutheran, and Anglican churches or denominations, and other churches founded independently from these lineages. Many Methodist denominations have a form of episcopal polity known as connexionalism.
Digital Averroes Research Environment
The Digital Averroes Research Environment (DARE), funded by the DFG, is a virtual research environment concerned with the works of Averroës or Abū l-Walīd Muḥammad Ibn Aḥmad Ibn Rušd.

DARE aims to provide scholars with the digitized manuscripts and incunables of Averroes's works (around 60,000 as of April 2013), as well as edited full texts, where applicable in all three language traditions of Averroes's works: Arabic, Hebrew and Latin. A comprehensive bibliography complements the corpus.

German Research Foundation
The German Research Foundation (German: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈfɔʁʃʊŋsɡəˌmaɪnʃaft]; abbr. DFG [ˌdeːʔɛfˈɡeː]) is a German research funding organization, which functions as a self-governing institution for the promotion of science and research in the Federal Republic of Germany. In 2019, the DFG had a funding budget of €3.3 billion.
Holtedahlfonna
Holtedahlfonna is a glacier at Haakon VII Land on Spitsbergen, Svalbard, between Wijdefjorden and Kongsfjorden. The glacier covers an area of about 1,375 km2 (531 sq mi), and is the second largest ice cap on Spitsbergen. It is named after Norwegian geologist and polar explorer Olaf Holtedahl.

Olaf Holtedahl
Olaf Holtedahl (24 June 1885 – 26 August 1975) was a Norwegian geologist  (Dr.philos., 1913). He became a senior lecturer at the University of Oslo in 1914, and was Professor of Geology there from 1920 to 1956.
Kwazulusaurus
Kwazulusaurus is a potentially invalid genus of dicynodont therapsid from the Late Permian of South Africa. The type and only species K. shakai was described from the Daptocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Beaufort Group in 2002 by Michael W. Maisch. It is very similar to the well-known dicynodont Lystrosaurus, and was regarded by Maisch to be an early member of the family Lystrosauridae. Kwazulusaurus was described as transitional between earlier dicynodontoids and the more derived Lystrosaurus; it has the wide skull roof of earlier dicynodonts, and a abridged snoot like that of Lystrosaurus. In 2025, Kwazulusaurus was proposed to in fact represent a juvenile specimen of Lystrosaurus, likely the contemporary and locally abundant L. maccaigi, as the features originally argued to distinguish it are now associated with ontogeny in Lystrosaurus. Kwazulusaurus would thus be a junior synonym of Lystrosaurus.

Beaufort Group
The Beaufort Group is the third of the main subdivisions of the Karoo Supergroup  in South Africa. It is composed of a lower Adelaide Subgroup and an upper Tarkastad Subgroup. It follows conformably after the Ecca Group and unconformably underlies the Stormberg Group. Based on stratigraphic position, lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic correlations, palynological analyses, and other means of geological dating, the Beaufort Group rocks are considered to range between Middle Permian (Wordian) to Early Triassic (Anisian) in age.
Brian Blados
Brian Blados (born January 11, 1962) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive guard and offensive tackle for nine seasons with the Cincinnati Bengals, Indianapolis Colts and Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected 28th overall by the Bengals in the first round of the 1984 NFL draft. He attended Washington-Lee High School. His high school teammates called him "Mutton Head" because his head was "as big as a lamb and full of wool." Blados was the first 300lb offensive lineman to start in the NFL and played nine seasons, mostly with the Cincinnati Bengals, and was an integral part of the team that reached Super Bowl XXIII. Blados currently resides in the Cincinnati area.

1984 NFL draft
The 1984 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held May 1–2, 1984, at the Omni Park Central Hotel in New York City, New York. No teams elected to claim any players in the regular supplemental draft that year. However, the NFL did have a special supplemental draft for college seniors who had already signed with the USFL or CFL on June 5, 1984.

The 1984 draft was the first in ten years in which a quarterback was not selected in the first round; the first quarterback selected in 1984 was Boomer Esiason, who was selected by the Cincinnati Bengals in the second round with the 38th overall pick. The New England Patriots used the first overall pick of the draft to select wide receiver Irving Fryar.
1912 News of the World Match Play
The 1912 News of the World Match Play was the tenth News of the World Match Play tournament. It was played from Wednesday 2 to Friday 4 October at Sunningdale Golf Club. 32 players competed in a straight knock-out competition, with each match contested over 18 holes, except for the final which was over 36 holes. The winner received £100 out of a total prize fund of £400. Harry Vardon defeated Ted Ray by 1 hole in the final to win the tournament.

Robert Thomson (golfer)
Robert Thomson (16 December 1875 – 1954) was a Scottish professional golfer who played in the late 19th century into the early 20th century. Thomson had two career top-10 finishes in the Open Championship.  In 1903 he finished tied for 6th place and in 1905 finished 7th.
Bachman Lake
Bachman Lake is a small freshwater lake located in the Bachman Lake community of northwest Dallas, Texas (USA).  It covers 205 acres (0.83 km2) and lies on the northwest boundary of Dallas Love Field in the airport's landing path and the western boundary of the upscale Bluffview neighborhood. At the Western end of the lake, DART provides transit service at Bachman Station, including light rail service via the Green Line and Orange Line.

Orange Line (DART)
The Orange Line is a 37-mile  (60 km) light rail line in the Dallas, Texas metropolitan area. The line is operated by Dallas Area Rapid Transit as a part of its DART rail system. The line runs from Dallas Fort Worth International Airport to northeastern Dallas, passing through Irving's Las Colinas neighborhood and Downtown Dallas in the interim. During weekday peak periods, the eastern segment of the line is extended further north to Richardson and Plano.
Wilno school massacre
The Wilno school massacre was a school shooting that occurred on 6 May 1925 at the Joachim Lelewel High School in Wilno, Second Polish Republic. During the final exams, at about 11 a.m., at least two eighth-grade students attacked the board of examiners with revolvers and hand grenades, killing two students, one teacher, and themselves.

It was the first-ever school shooting that took place in Poland, preceding the Janikowo school shooting in 1 April 1936, the Kluczbork School of Economics shooting on December 16, 2001 and the Brześć Kujawski school shooting on May 27, 2019.

Wiener Zeitung
Wiener Zeitung (German pronunciation: [ˈviːnɐ ˈtsaɪtʊŋ]) is an Austrian newspaper. First published as the Wiennerisches Diarium in 1703, it is one of the oldest newspapers in the world. Until April 2023, it was the official gazette of the government of the Republic of Austria for legally-required announcements, such as company registrations and was also the official publishing body for laws and executive orders until 2004.

Considered a newspaper of record, as of 2002, Wiener Zeitung was among the four Austrian daily quality newspapers beside the right-liberal Die Presse, the left-liberal Der Standard and the Christian-liberal and conservative Salzburger Nachrichten. The newspaper ended its daily print edition on 30 June 2023, becoming an online publication. The launch of the digital platform won the 2023 European Publishing Award for a “Launch or Relaunch” of a publication in digital form.
United Nigeria Airlines
United Nigeria Airlines Limited, trading as United Nigeria Airlines (IATA: U5, ICAO: UNA), is a private
airline in Nigeria. The new start-up received its Air Operators Certificate (AOC) on 1 February 2021. Headquartered in the city of Enugu, with an office in Abuja, and with its operations base at Enugu International Airport, United Nigeria Airlines started with four aircraft to operate scheduled flights between nine Nigerian cities: Abuja, Onitsha, Asaba, Yenagoa, Warri, Enugu, Owerri, Lagos, and Port Harcourt.

Air operator's certificate
An air operator's certificate (AOC) is the approval granted by a civil aviation authority (CAA) to an aircraft operator to allow it to use aircraft for commercial air transport purposes. This requires the operator to have personnel, assets and systems in place to ensure the safety of its employees and of the flying public. The certificate lists the approved aircraft types, each registration number approved to fly, the approved flying purpose, and in what area the holder may operate (such as specific airports or geographic region).
XHESW-FM
XHESW-FM 96.1/XESW-AM 970 is a Mexican radio station in Ciudad Madera, Chihuahua. Known as Radio Madera, XHESW is owned by GRD Multimedia and carries a full service radio format. It is the only radio station in Ciudad Madera.

Ciudad Madera
Madera, also known as Ciudad Madera, is a town and seat of the municipality of Madera in the mountains of the northwestern Mexican state of Chihuahua. As of 2010, the city of Madera had a population of 15,447, up from 15,267 as of 2005.

It is a logging town, located in the mountains and the lumber industry is still very important. 
Madera is Spanish for "wood", and there used to be a large U.S. company with large lumber mills, there is still a section of the city called "barrio americano" where some American-style wooden houses still survive.  New manufacturing industries have created new employment for the residents. It is known as the coldest place in Mexico.

It is at 2,112 metres (6,929 ft) above sea level and was founded in 1906.

The town is located 276 kilometres northwest of the state capital, Chihuahua, and 536 km southwest of Ciudad Juárez on the U.S. border.
Northern Military District (Milo N)
Northern Military District (Swedish: Norra militärområdet, Milo N) was a Swedish military district, a command of the Swedish Armed Forces that had operational control over Northern Sweden, for most time of its existence corresponding to the area covered by the counties of Västernorrland, Jämtland, Västerbotten and Norrbotten. The headquarters of Milo N were located in Boden.

Västernorrland County
Västernorrland County (Swedish: Västernorrlands län) is a county (län) in the north of Sweden. It is bordered by the counties of Gävleborg, Jämtland, Västerbotten and the Gulf of Bothnia.

The name Västernorrland means "Western Norrland", as it was in the western part of the original Norrland (northern Sweden and northern Finland).
Hythe Pier, Railway and Ferry
Hythe Pier, the Hythe Pier Railway and the Hythe Ferry provide a link between the port of Southampton and Hythe on the other side of Southampton Water. It is used both by commuters and tourists, and forms an important link in the Solent Way, England Coast Path and E9 European coastal paths. The railway is the oldest continuously-operating public pier train in the world. The ferry is now operated by Red Funnel, while the pier and tracks are owned by Hythe Pier Company. Hythe Pier Heritage Association have taken ownership of the tractors and carriages upon restoration of each unit.

E9 European long distance path
The E9 European long distance path, E9 path or European Coastal Path (French: Sentier européen du Littoral) is one of the twelve European long-distance paths, running for 9880 km from Tarifa, Spain to Narva-Jõesuu in Estonia. In 2019, the southern terminus was extended from Cabo de São Vicente in Portugal to Tarifa in Spain, the southern-most point of continental Europe, and also the starting point of E4 and E12.
A Tale of Three Cities (Modern Family)
"A Tale of Three Cities" is the season premiere of the eighth season of the American sitcom Modern Family. It aired on September 21, 2016 on American Broadcasting Company (ABC). The premiere is directed by Chris Koch  and written by Elaine Ko.

Modern Family season 8
The eighth season of the American television sitcom Modern Family aired on ABC from September 21, 2016 to May 17, 2017.

This season was ordered on March 3, 2016. The season is produced by Steven Levitan Productions and Picador Productions in association with 20th Century Fox Television, with creators Steven Levitan and Christopher Lloyd as showrunners.
Redistricting in Arkansas
The U.S. state of Arkansas, in common with the other U.S. states, must redraw its congressional and legislative districts every ten years to reflect changes in the state and national populations. Redistricting follows the completion of the United States census, which is carried out by the federal government in years that end in 0; the most recent census took place in 2020.

Redistricting for congressional districts is controlled by the Arkansas General Assembly. Districts for the two bodies constituting the General Assembly, the Arkansas House of Representatives (100 members) and the Arkansas Senate (35 senators), is controlled by the three-member Arkansas Board of Apportionment, consisting of the Governor of Arkansas, the Attorney General of Arkansas, and the Arkansas Secretary of State, since 1936.

Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.
Philern Davis
Philern Junville Davis (born 11 May 1982) is a British Virgin Islands cricketer. Davis is a right-handed batsman.

In 2006, the British Virgin Islands were invited to take part in the 2006 Stanford 20/20, whose matches held official Twenty20 status. Davis made a single appearance in the tournament against Saint Lucia in a preliminary round defeat, with Davis being run out for a single run by the combination of Garey Mathurin and Mervin Charles.

Saint Lucia national cricket team
The Saint Lucia national cricket team represents the country of Saint Lucia in cricket. The team is a member of the Windward Islands Cricket Board of Control, which itself is a member association of the West Indies Cricket Board. Players from St Lucia generally represent the Windward Islands cricket team at domestic level and the West Indies at international level. St Lucia has however played as a separate entity in matches which held Twenty20 status (Stanford 20/20), but has not appeared in first-class or List A cricket. St Lucia competes with St Vincent & the Grenadines, Grenada and Dominica in domestic Windward Islands cricket competitions including the Windward Islands two-day and Twenty20 cricket championships. The team's captain, as of 2014, is Craig Emmanuel.
HD 73468
HD 73468 (HR 3417) is a solitary star in the southern circumpolar constellation Volans. It is faintly visible to the naked eye  with an apparent magnitude of 6.10, and is estimated to be 420 light years away based on parallax measurements. However, it is approaching the Solar System with a heliocentric radial velocity of −26.5 km/s.

HD 73468 is a star with a classification of G8 III, indicating that it is a giant star. It is currently on the horizontal branch — generating energy via helium fusion in its core. HD 73468 has twice the mass of the Sun but has expanded to 10.24 times the radius of the Sun. It shines with a luminosity of 59 L☉ from its swollen photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,001 K, giving a yellow hue. HD 73468 is metal deficient with an iron abundance 81% that of the Sun and spins with a projected rotational velocity of about 2.1 km/s.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
Tom Koutsantonis
Anastasios "Tom" Koutsantonis  (born 23 August 1971) is an Australian politician in the South Australian Branch of the Australian Labor Party, representing the seats of West Torrens (2002−current) and Peake (1997−2002) as a Labor member in the South Australian House of Assembly. As of September 2025 he is Treasurer of South Australia and Minister for Energy and Mining in the Malinauskas ministry.

Koutsantonis served as Treasurer and minister for other portfolios in the Weatherill cabinet between 2011 and 2018. From March 2022, Koutsantonis served as the Minister for Infrastructure and Transport and the Minister for Energy and Mining in the Malinauskas ministry. On 19 September 2025, in a Cabinet reshuffle owing to the resignation of two front benchers, he was once again appointed Treasurer. He retains the portfolio of energy and mining, but lost the infrastructure and transport portfolio.

Weatherill ministry
The Weatherill ministry was the 72nd ministry of the Government of South Australia, led by Jay Weatherill of the South Australian Branch of the Australian Labor Party. It commenced on 21 October 2011, when Weatherill succeeded Mike Rann as Premier and Labor leader.