hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benbournie, South Australia
Benbournie (formerly Benbourni) is a rural locality in the Mid North region of South Australia, approximately halfway between the towns of Clare and Blyth. The formal boundaries of the locality were established in January 2001 with regard to the long established local name. The north-eastern corner contains a number of gazetted homesteads.

It is considered a 'lost' town (i.e. a planned town that was never subdivided), although the area was surveyed by a Private Holledge of the Royal Sappers and Miners in the 19th century. It was described as "situated near to and north-west of Emu Flat in section 2083" of the Hundred of Blyth.

Emu Flat, South Australia
Emu Flat is a locality in the western Clare Valley in South Australia.

In the 19th century, Emu Flat was the site of some copper mining by the Royal Mining Company and the Burra Company. The Burra Company already had a successful mine at Burra to the northeast. It had an agreement with the Royal Mining Company, but when the land was auctioned, Burra had the capacity to outbid on every lot. It could pay 20% of the purchase price, and if the land did not look good, could forfeit the deposit and land on sections it no longer wanted. The mine was not very successful, and closed around 1910.
Makah Formation
The Makah Formation is a geologic formation in Washington (state). It was deposited during the late Paleogene period between the late Eocene and early Oligocene epoches, and preserves marine fossils dating to the early Oligocene. It outcrops at the northwestern edge of the Olympic Peninsula. It appears to have been deposited in a deepwater environment, and the presence of glendonites suggests that water temperatures ranged near freezing at certain sites of deposition.

Olympic Peninsula
The Olympic Peninsula is a large peninsula in Western Washington that lies across Puget Sound from Seattle, and contains Olympic National Park. It is bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, the north by the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the east by Hood Canal. Cape Alava, the westernmost point in the contiguous United States, and Cape Flattery, the northwesternmost point, are on the peninsula. Comprising about 3,600 square miles (9,300 km2), the Olympic Peninsula contained many of the last unexplored places in the contiguous United States. It remained largely unmapped until Arthur Dodwell and Theodore Rixon mapped most of its topography and timber resources between 1898 and 1900.
J. W. Moore House
J. W. Moore House is a historic home located at Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York. It was built about 1850 and is a 1+1⁄2-story, cruciform-plan building with board-and-batten siding and a cross-gable roof, built into a hillside and features a number of eclectic-Picturesque design elements.  Also on the property is a contributing barn, carriage house, and well with well house.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Dutchess County, New York
Dutchess County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 295,911. The county seat is the city of Poughkeepsie. The county was created in 1683, one of New York's first twelve counties, and later organized in 1713. Dutchess County is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.
Skodje (village)
Skodje is a village in Ålesund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located along the shore of the Skodjevika, an inlet off the main Ellingsøyfjorden. The village of Valle is located along European route E39/European route E136 highway just a few kilometers south of the village. Skodje Church is located in the village and the historic Skodje Bridge lies just west of the village.

The 1.72-square-kilometre (430-acre) village has a population (2024) of 2,544 and a population density of 1,479 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,830/sq mi).

European route E136
European route E136 is a European highway located entirely in Møre og Romsdal and Innlandet counties in Norway. The highway begins in the town of Ålesund in Møre og Romsdal county on the west coast of Norway, and it goes east up through the Romsdalen valley, crossing into the upper Gudbrandsdalen Valley to end at the village of Dombås in Dovre Municipality in Innlandet county.
Max Naumann
Max Naumann (12 January 1875 – 18 May 1939) was the founder of Verband nationaldeutscher Juden (League of National German Jews), which called for the elimination of Jewish ethnic identity through Jewish assimilation. The league was outlawed by the Nazi government on 18 November 1935.

Naumann was a captain in the Bavarian Army during World War I and a Berlin lawyer.

Bavarian Army
The Bavarian Army (German: Bayerische Armee) was the army of the Electorate (1682–1806) and then Kingdom (1806–1918) of Bavaria. It existed from 1682 as the standing army of Bavaria until the merger of the military sovereignty (Wehrhoheit) of Bavaria into that of the German State in 1919. The Bavarian Army was never comparable to the armies of the Great Powers of the 19th century, but it did provide the Wittelsbach dynasty with sufficient scope of action, in the context of effective alliance politics, to transform Bavaria from a territorially-disjointed small state to the second-largest state of the German Empire after Prussia.
Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession
The Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession is the name of several Lutheran Denominations:

Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland

Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Romania

Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovakia

Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia

Protestant Church of the Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine, France

Protestant Church of the Augsburg Confession in Austria

Silesian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession, Czech Republic

Slovak Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Serbia

Ukrainian Lutheran Church, formerly the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Ukraine

Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia
The Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia (Slovene: Evangeličanska cerkev augsburške veroizpovedi v Sloveniji) is a Lutheran denomination in Slovenia. It is led by Bishop Leon Novak. The church is a member of the Lutheran World Federation, which it joined in 1952, and also belongs to the Conference of European Churches and the Community of Protestant Churches in Europe.

It is one of the few Eastern Lutheran churches worldwide that fully incorporate the Byzantine Rite into their liturgy across all congregations, blending Lutheran theology with Eastern Christian ceremonial traditions.
Opisthopatus herbertorum
Opisthopatus herbertorum is a species of velvet worm in the Peripatopsidae family. The type locality is in South Africa. As originally described, this species is uniformly white with 17 pairs of legs. Subsequent phylogenetic results, however, cast doubt on this species delimitation based on morphology, indicating instead that O. herbertorum is a junior synonym of O. roseus.

Peripatopsidae
Peripatopsidae or the Southern Velvet Worms are one of two extant families of velvet worm. This family includes more than 140 described species distributed among 41 genera, but some authorities deem only 131 of these species to be valid. The French zoologist Eugène Louis Bouvier proposed this family in 1905 with Peripatopsis as the type genus.
Bluecoats Drum and Bugle Corps
The Bluecoats Drum and Bugle Corps, or simply The Bluecoats, is a World Class competitive drum and bugle corps. Based in Canton, Ohio, the Bluecoats are a member corps of Drum Corps International (DCI). The Bluecoats have won the title of World Class Champion two times, in 2016 and 2024.

Drum Corps International
Drum Corps International (DCI) is a governing body for drum and bugle corps. Founded in 1971 and known as "marching music's major league," DCI develops and enforces rules of competition and judges at sanctioned drum and bugle corps competitions throughout the United States and Canada. It is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana. In 2023, Drum Corps Associates (DCA) and DCI joined in at least a two-year partnership to jointly govern the drum and bugle corps activity in North America.
David Smith (volleyball)
David Smith (born May 15, 1985) is an American professional volleyball player who plays as a middle blocker for Ślepsk Malow Suwałki and the U.S. national team. Smith was a bronze medalist at the Olympic Games Rio 2016, Paris 2024 and the 2018 World Championship; the 2015 World Cup winner and a three–time Champions League winner (2021, 2022, 2023) with ZAKSA.

Ślepsk Suwałki
MKS Ślepsk Suwałki, officially known for sponsorship reasons as Ślepsk Malow Suwałki, is a professional men's volleyball club based in Suwałki in northeastern Poland. Initially, the club was founded in 2004 in Augustów and moved to Suwałki in 2009. They were promoted to the highest level of the Polish Volleyball League in 2019.
2018 BGL Luxembourg Open
The 2018 BGL BNP Paribas Luxembourg Open was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts sponsored by BNP Paribas. It was the 23rd edition of the Luxembourg Open, and part of the WTA International tournaments category of the 2018 WTA Tour. It was held in Kockelscheuer, Luxembourg from 15 October until 20 October 2018.

Varvara Lepchenko
Varvara Petrivna Lepchenko (born May 21, 1986) is an Uzbekistan-born American professional tennis player.  She played for Uzbekistan before relocating to the United States. Lepchenko won a singles title on the WTA Challenger Tour and 13 singles titles and one doubles title on the ITF Women's Circuit. She won all her 14 ITF titles in the United States. Lepchenko has a career-high WTA singles ranking of 19, achieved October 2012.

She was provisionally suspended from the WTA Tour in 2016 after testing positive for the heart medication meldonium, although she was found to "bear no fault or negligence" by the International Tennis Federation. In 2022, Lepchenko was suspended from tennis for four years (backdated to August 2021), after testing positive for the stimulant adrafinil, and its metabolite, modafinil. In February 2023, her suspension was reduced to 21 months, and she started playing again in May of that year.
Andrew Jackson Beard
Andrew Jackson Beard (March 29, 1849 – May 10, 1921) was an African American inventor, who introduced five improvements to the automatic railroad car coupler in 1897 and 1899, and was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in Akron, Ohio in 2006 for this achievement.

National Inventors Hall of Fame
The National Inventors Hall of Fame (NIHF) is an American not-for-profit organization, founded in 1973, which recognizes individual engineers and inventors who hold a US patent of significant technology. Besides the Hall of Fame, it also operates a museum in Alexandria, Virginia, sponsors educational programs, and a collegiate competition.

As of 2025, 652




inventors have been inducted, mostly constituting historic persons from the past three centuries, but also including living inductees. Nominees must hold a US patent of significant contribution to the US welfare, and which advances science and useful arts.
Roy Speckhardt
Roy Speckhardt (born January 24, 1973, in Carmel, New York) is an American writer and the Development Director for VoteRiders. He is also the President of the Humanist Foundation, which is the endowment fund for the for of the American Humanist Association, where he served previously for 16 years as Executive Director, a non-profit civil liberties organization in Washington, D.C. In April 2021, he authored Justice-Centered Humanism via Pitchstone Press and in July 2015, he authored Creating Change Through Humanism via Humanist Press.

Carmel, New York
Carmel (pronounced /ˈkɑːrməl/) is a town in Putnam County, New York, United States.  As of the 2020 United States census, the town had a population of 33,576.

The Town of Carmel is on the southern border of Putnam County, abutting Westchester County, approximately 50 miles (80 km) north of New York City and 10 miles (16 km) west of Danbury, Connecticut. It has no incorporated villages, although the hamlets of Carmel and Mahopac each have populations sizable enough to be considered villages.
Nadi Rural (Indian Communal Constituency, Fiji)
Nadi Rural Indian Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 19 communal constituencies reserved for Indo-Fijians. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 52 seats, 27 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage). The electorate covered the rural hinterland of the City of Nadi in the western part of the main island of Viti Levu.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

Hinterland
Hinterland is the area under the influence of a particular human settlement.

The word comes from a German word meaning 'land behind' a city, a port, or similar. Its use in English was first documented by the geographer George Chisholm in his Handbook of Commercial Geography (1888). Originally the term was associated with the area of a port in which materials for export and import are stored and shipped. Subsequently, the use of the word expanded to its current use.
Calponin family repeat
In molecular biology, the calponin family repeat is a 26 amino acid protein domain. Calponin 1 (CNN1) contains three copies of this domain. This domain is also found in vertebrate smooth muscle protein (SM22 or transgelin), and a number of other proteins whose physiological role is not yet established, including Drosophila synchronous flight muscle protein SM20, Caenorhabditis elegans unc-87 protein, rat neuronal protein NP25, and an Onchocerca volvulus antigen.

Onchocerca volvulus
Onchocerca volvulus is a filarial (arthropod-borne) nematode (roundworm) that causes onchocerciasis (river blindness), and is the second-leading cause of blindness due to infection worldwide after trachoma. It is one of the 20 neglected tropical diseases listed by the World Health Organization, with elimination from certain countries expected by 2025.

John O'Neill, an Irish surgeon, first described Onchocerca volvulus in 1874, when he found it to be the causative agent of  'craw-craw', a skin disease found in West Africa. A Guatemalan doctor, Rodolfo Robles, first linked it to visual impairment in 1917.

Onchocerca volvulus is primarily found in sub-Saharan Africa, and there is also disease transmission in some South American nations, as well as Yemen (see global map bottom right). It is spread from person to person via female biting blackflies of the genus Simulium, and humans are the only known definitive host.
Devil's Backbone State Forest
Devil's Backbone State Forest is a 705.5-acre (285.5 ha) state forest in Shenandoah County, Virginia. It lies on the slope of North Mountain in the drainage area of Cedar Creek near Star Tannery west of Strasburg.  The forest was established by a grant by John and Bernice Hoffman, who owned the land since 1950.

The forest is managed by the Virginia Department of Forestry, with a focus on research relating to the re-establishment of American chestnut trees.

Cedar Creek (North Fork Shenandoah River tributary)
Cedar Creek is a 40.5-mile-long (65.2 km) tributary stream of the North Fork Shenandoah River in northern Virginia in the United States. It forms the majority of the boundary between Frederick and Shenandoah counties. Cedar Creek's confluence with the North Fork Shenandoah is located at Strasburg.

It was the site of the 1864 Battle of Cedar Creek in the American Civil War.
Instinct (Iggy Pop album)
Instinct is the eighth studio album by American rock singer Iggy Pop. It was released in June 1988 by A&M Records. After the relative commercial success of Blah Blah Blah, A&M expected another hit record from Pop; however, he instead decided to go with a heavy and hard-rocking sound for the follow-up album. Instinct features Sex Pistols guitarist Steve Jones, who co-wrote four of the album's songs with Pop, and was produced by Bill Laswell.

Bill Laswell
William Otis Laswell (born February 12, 1955) is an American bass guitarist, record producer, and record label owner. He has been involved in thousands of recordings with many collaborators from all over the world. His music draws from funk, world music, jazz, dub, and ambient styles.

According to music critic Chris Brazier, "Laswell's pet concept is 'collision music' which involves bringing together musicians from wildly divergent but complementary spheres and seeing what comes out." Although his bands may be credited under the same name and often feature the same roster of musicians, the styles and themes explored on different albums can vary dramatically. Material began as a noisy dance music band, but later albums concentrated on hip hop, jazz, or spoken word readings by William S. Burroughs. Most versions of the band Praxis have included guitarist Buckethead, but they have explored different permutations on albums.
Joseph Somers (cyclist)
Joseph Somers (29 May 1917 – 25 May 1966) was a Belgian professional road cyclist. Professional from 1936 to 1950, he notably won Bordeaux–Paris in 1937 and 1947, the Grand Prix des Nations in 1943 and the Tour of Belgium in 1939.

Bordeaux–Paris
The Bordeaux–Paris professional cycle race was one of Europe's classic cycle races, and one of the longest in the professional calendar, covering approximately 560 km (350 mi) – more than twice most single-day races. It started in northern Bordeaux in southwest France at 2am and finished in the capital Paris 14 hours later. The professional event was held from 1891 until 1988. It was held as an amateur event in 2014.
Agathoergi
The Agathoergi (Ancient Greek: ἀγαθοεργοί) were a special designation for a group of Spartan knights (ἱππεῖς), who were part of a larger body of 300 knights serving as bodyguards to the kings of Sparta during times of war. Every year, five men from the 300 were selected to serve as Agathoergi for specific diplomatic missions to foreign states. A famous one was Lichas, who according to the legends played a key role in fulfilling an oracle that required the Spartans to obtain the bones of Orestes in order to conquer Tegea.

Tegea
Tegea (/ˈtiːdʒiə/; Greek: Τεγέα) was a settlement in ancient Arcadia, and it is also a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the  Tripoli municipality, of which it is a municipal unit with an area of 118.350 km2. It is near the modern villages of Alea and Episkopi.

The legendary founder of Tegea was Tegeates, a son of Lycaon.
Rigoberta Menchú
Rigoberta Menchú Tum (Spanish: [riɣoˈβeɾta menˈtʃu]; born 9 January 1959) is a K'iche' Guatemalan human rights activist, feminist, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. Menchú has dedicated her life to publicizing the rights of Guatemala's Indigenous peoples during and after the Guatemalan Civil War (1960–1996), and to promoting Indigenous rights internationally.

She received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1992, was named a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador in 1996, and received the Prince of Asturias Award in 1998. She is the subject of the testimonial biography I, Rigoberta Menchú (1983), and author of the autobiographical work Crossing Borders (1998). Menchú founded the country's first indigenous political party, Winaq, and ran as its candidate for president of Guatemala in the 2007 and 2011 presidential elections.

President of Guatemala
The president of Guatemala (Spanish: Presidente de Guatemala), officially titled President of the Republic of Guatemala (Spanish: Presidente de la República de Guatemala), is the head of state and head of government of Guatemala, elected to a single four-year term. The position of President was created in 1839.
Central Valley (Chilean wine region)
In terms of viticulture the Central Valley of Chile (Spanish: Valle Central) spans the O'Higgins Region (VI) and Maule Region (VII) Administrative Regions and the Administrative Metropolitan Region, and is the main growing zone for Chilean wine and coincides with the historical core of the Chilean Central Valley.

Chilean Spanish
Chilean Spanish (Spanish: español chileno or castellano chileno) is any of several varieties of the Spanish language spoken in most of Chile. Chilean Spanish dialects have distinctive pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, and slang usages that differ from those of Standard Spanish, with various linguists identifying Chilean Spanish as one of the most divergent varieties of Spanish.

The Royal Spanish Academy recognizes 2,214 words and idioms exclusively or mainly produced in Chilean Spanish, in addition to many still unrecognized slang expressions. Formal Spanish in Chile has recently incorporated an increasing number of colloquial elements.
Anna Fisher Beiler
Anna Fisher Beiler (February 25, 1848 – April 1, 1904) was a British-born American Christian missionary and newspaper editor, who engaged in temperance, missionary, and philanthropic work. Associated with the Methodist Episcopal Church, she served as Secretary of the Bureau for District of Alaska. She thoroughly identified herself with this work, and visited the region in 1897, that she might do better at directing it. She made an extended tour in the service of that region in the interests of the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and supervised the erection of the building in Unalaska. Beiler was a prominent officer of the Woman's Home Missionary Society for many years and influential in the shaping of its policy and work. She lectured on Alaska in many states, increasing the public interest.

Temperance movement in the United States
The temperance movement in the United States, which sought to curb the consumption of alcohol, had a large influence on American politics and American society in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, culminating in the prohibition of alcohol, through the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, from 1920 to 1933. Today, there are organizations that continue to promote the cause of temperance.
Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metre freestyle
The men's 400 metre freestyle event at the 2004 Olympic Games was contested at the Olympic Aquatic Centre of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Athens, Greece on August 14.

Australia's Ian Thorpe edged out his teammate Grant Hackett to defend his Olympic title in 3:43.10, despite having been disqualified for a false start from the national trials in Sydney. Hackett earned a silver in 3:43.36, just 0.01 of a second under his winning time at the trials without the presence of Thorpe. U.S. swimmer Klete Keller set a new American record of 3:44.11 to take his second Olympic bronze medal in the event. Meanwhile, another American Larsen Jensen finished outside the medals in fourth place, but came home in a lifetime best of 3:46.08, holding off Italy's Massimiliano Rosolino by 0.17 seconds.

Athens Olympic Sports Complex
The Olympic Athletic Center of Athens Spiros Louis (Greek: Ολυμπιακό Αθλητικό Κέντρο Αθηνών "Σπύρος Λούης", Olympiakó Athlitikó Kéntro Athinón "Spýros Loúis") or OACA (OAKA)), is a sports complex located in Marousi, Athens. The complex consists of five major venues as well as other supplementary sport facilities.
38°02′19″N 23°47′09″E﻿ / ﻿38.038611111111°N 23.785833333333°E﻿ / 38.038611111111; 23.785833333333

The complex has hosted the Mediterranean Games in 1991, the World Championship in Athletics in 1997 as well as other important athletic and cultural events. Most notably, the complex was the main venue for the 2004 Summer Olympics. The complex was revamped for the games under a design produced by the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava.