hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sepulcidae
Sepulcidae is an extinct family of stem sawflies in the order Hymenoptera. The family is known primarily from late Mesozoic fossils found in 1968 in Transbaikalia. The insects were distant relatives of modern sawflies and are part of the living superfamily Cephoidea.

The genus Sepulca was identified by Alexandr Pavlovich Rasnitsyn. It was named by his colleague and a science-fiction author Kirill Eskov after fictional entities called sepulki, found in Stanisław Lem's The Star Diaries and Observation on the Spot. The relation to Lem's sepulki is understandable in both Polish and Russian, but their English translation obscures their association with ancient insects as they are translated as Scrupts in English editions of Lem's novels.

Observation on the Spot
Observation on the Spot (Polish title Wizja lokalna is an expression meaning crime scene reconstruction) is a social science fiction novel by Polish writer Stanisław Lem. The novel is a report of Ijon Tichy's travel to a faraway planet Entia (in Polish text: Encja) to study their civilization. This report was supposed to fix a misunderstanding arisen from Tichy's Fourteenth Voyage to supposedly Entia (then known as Enteropia), which turned out to be a satellite of Entia,  masqueraded by Entians to misguide explorers. The travel was also to verify the results of the "Institute of Historiographical Computers" (Polish: Instytut Maszyn Dziejowych), which use predictive modeling to overcome the speed of light limitation and get information about the state of the affairs on remote planets based on information obtained from previous expeditions.
Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy
The Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering cognitive behavioral therapy. It is published by Springer Publishing. It was formed by the merger of Cognitive Behaviorist and British Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy.

Springer Publishing
Springer Publishing Company is an American publishing company of academic journals and books, focusing on the fields of nursing, gerontology, psychology, social work, counseling, public health, and rehabilitation (neuropsychology). It was established in 1951 by Bernhard Springer, a great-grandson of Julius Springer, and is based in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.
Mam Sonando
Mam Sonando (Khmer: ម៉ម សូណង់ដូ; born 13 February 1942) is a Cambodian radio journalist and politician with French dual citizenship. He is the owner and director of Phnom Penh's Beehive Radio, which the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) described in 2012 as "one of Cambodia's few independent news outlets". He also acts as a political commentator for the station.

Sonando has been imprisoned three times on charges related to his reporting: a 2003 arrest for "inciting riots", a 2005 arrest for defamation, and a 2012 arrest for insurrection. His twenty-year prison sentence for the latter was protested by human rights groups, and US President Barack Obama expressed concerns about the case in a meeting with Prime Minister Hun Sen. The sentence was overturned by an appeals court in March 2013, and Sonando was instead given a five-year suspended sentence on charges of causing civil unrest.

Committee to Protect Journalists
The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in New York City, with correspondents around the world. CPJ promotes press freedom and defends the rights of journalists. The American Journalism Review has called the organization "Journalism's Red Cross." Since the late 1980s, CPJ has published an annual census of journalists killed or imprisoned in relation to their work.
1950 United States Senate elections
The 1950 United States Senate elections occurred in the middle of Harry S. Truman's second term as president. The 32 seats of Class 3 were contested in regular elections, and four special elections were held to fill vacancies. As with most 20th-century second-term midterms, the party not holding the presidency made significant gains. The Republican opposition made a net gain of five seats, taking advantage of the Democratic administration's declining popularity during the Cold War and the aftermath of the Recession of 1949. The Democrats held a narrow 49-to-47-seat majority after the election. This was the first time since 1932 that the Senate majority leader lost his seat, and the only instance of the majority leader losing his seat while his party retained the majority.

George Smathers
George Armistead Smathers (November 14, 1913 – January 20, 2007) was an American lawyer and politician from the state of Florida who served in both chambers of the United States Congress, the United States House of Representatives from 1947 to 1951 and the United States Senate from 1951 to 1969. He was a member of the Democratic Party.
Zvirynetska (Kyiv Metro)
Zvirynetska (Ukrainian: Звіринецька) is a station of Kyiv Metro's Syretsko-Pecherska Line. It is situated between Pecherska and Vydubychi stations. This station was opened on 30 December 1991. Until May 2023 the station was named Druzhby Narodiv or Friendship of Peoples (Ukrainian: Дружби Народів, pronunciationⓘ, named after the former name of Mykola Mikhnovsky Boulevard, which is located above the station)

Druzhby Narodiv station was designed by architects Alyoshkin and Krushynskiy. It is a deep-level station. The station is connected by escalators with a passenger tunnel situated under Mykola Mikhnovsky Boulevard.

The station operates from 05:43 to 00:12.

Friendship of peoples
Friendship of peoples (Russian: дружба народов, druzhba narodov) is a concept advanced by Marxist social class theory. According to Marxism, nationalism is only a tool of the ruling class, used to keep the working class divided and thus easier to control and exploit. With the success of class struggle (i.e. the abolition of social classes), the natural brotherhood of all workers would make the idea of separate nations obsolete.

The concept of the friendship of peoples is often opposed to "bourgeois cosmopolitanism". The concept of friendship of peoples was opposed to the concept of internationalism. In this context, the notion of internationalism was explained as "bourgeois cosmopolitanism", so the notion of "internationalism" was conceptually replaced by the notion of "international socialism", also known as "proletarian internationalism".
Lionel Cooper (rugby league)
Lionel William Cooper (18 February 1922 – 16 May 1987) was an Australian professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s. A state and international representative winger, he played in Sydney for the Eastern Suburbs club and in England for Huddersfield.

1949–50 Northern Rugby Football League season
The 1949–50 Rugby Football League season was the 55th season of rugby league football. First placed Wigan successfully defended a challenge from second placed Huddersfield in the play-off final to claim the Rugby Football League Championship. The Challenge Cup winners were Warrington who beat Widnes 19-0 in the final. Wigan won the Lancashire League, and Huddersfield won the Yorkshire League. Wigan beat Leigh 20–7 to win the Lancashire Cup, and Bradford beat Huddersfield 11–4 to win the Yorkshire Cup. Crowds peaked in 1949-50 with a record 69.8 million paying to watch rugby league matches.
Yafai
Yafai is an Arabic-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Galal Yafai(born 1992),is a British Olympic gold medallist amateur boxer, brother of Gamal and Khalid.

Gamal Yafai (born 1991), English professional boxer, brother of Galal and Khalid

Khalid Yafai (born 1989), British professional boxer, brother of Gamal and Galal

Galal Yafai
Galal Yafai (Arabic: جلال يافعي; born 11 December 1992) is a British professional boxer. He has held the World Boxing Council (WBC) interim flyweight title since November 2024.

As an amateur, he won a silver medal at the 2017 European Championships; gold at the 2018 Commonwealth; bronze at the 2019 European Games; and gold at the 2020 Olympics.
Ruslan Rotan
Ruslan Petrovych Rotan (Ukrainian: Руслан Петрович Ротань; born 29 October 1981) is a Ukrainian former professional footballer and current manager of Polissya Zhytomyr. He was a member of the Ukraine national team.

2025–26 Ukrainian Premier League
The 2025–26 Ukrainian Premier League season, referred to as the VBET Ukrainian Premier League for sponsorship reasons, is the 35th top-level football club competition since the fall of the Soviet Union and the 18th since the establishment of the Ukrainian Premier League (UPL).

The season has started on 1 August 2025 and will end on 29 May 2026. The UPL clubs decided not to hold the season opening match Ukrainian Super Cup due to the ongoing Russian military aggression against Ukraine.

Dynamo Kyiv are the defending champions, having won their 17th Premier-Liha title and their 30th overall domestic title in the previous season.
Heart Don't Fall Now
"Heart Don't Fall Now" is a song written by Carolyn Swilley, Bill LaBounty and Beckie Foster, and recorded by American country music group Sawyer Brown.  It was released in February 1986 as the second single from the album Shakin'.  The song reached #14 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Shakin' (album)
Shakin' is the second studio album of American country music band Sawyer Brown, released in 1985 on Capitol Records. It features the singles "Shakin'", "Heart Don't Fall Now", and "Betty's Bein' Bad", all of which charted on the Hot Country Singles charts.
Harakiri for the Sky
Harakiri for the Sky is an Austrian post-black-metal band formed in Salzburg and Vienna in 2011 by vocalist JJ (Michael "V. Wahntraum" Kogler) and multi-instrumentalist Matthias Sollak, formerly of black metal band Bifröst. They have released six studio albums - Harakiri for the Sky (2012), Aokigahara (2014), III: Trauma (2016), Arson (2018), Mӕre (2021) and Scorched Earth (2025) - via German label AOP Records. The band has collaborated with numerous other bands in the post-black-metal scene, including Heretoir, Alcest, and Austere.

The band toured alongside Der Weg einer Freiheit and The great Old Ones in March 2016, and played Summer Breeze Open Air later that year. For live performances, JJ and Sollak are joined by bassist Thomas Dornig, drummer Mischa Bruemmer, drummer Krimh, and guitarist Marrok. In 2017, they were nominated for the "Hard & heavy" category of the Amadeus Austrian Music Awards.

Tim Yatras
Timothy James Yatras (Russian: Тимоти Джеймс Ятрас, born 5 July 1984) is an Australian musician, composer and producer, best known as one half of black metal duo Austere, and the creator of the black metal/rock/trance act Germ.
Raciszewo
Raciszewo [rat͡ɕiˈʂɛvɔ] (German Reichenthal) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Miłakowo, within Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) east of Miłakowo, 34 km (21 mi) north of Ostróda, and 32 km (20 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Ostróda
Ostróda [ɔsˈtruda] (German: Osterode in Ostpreußenⓘ; Old Prussian: Austrāti) is a town in northern Poland, in the ethnocultural region of Masuria. It is the seat of the Ostróda County within the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and has approximately 33,191 inhabitants (2009).

Ostróda is the largest town in the western part of Masuria, and the second largest in all of Masuria after Ełk.
Nobody's Heroes (album)
Nobody's Heroes is the second album by the Northern Irish punk rock band Stiff Little Fingers, released in 1980.

"Doesn't Make It All Right" is a cover of a song from the Specials' debut album, The Specials.

The Specials (album)
The Specials is the debut album by British ska revival band the Specials. Released on 19 October 1979 on Jerry Dammers' 2 Tone label, the album is seen by some as the defining moment in the UK ska scene. Produced by Elvis Costello, the album captures the disaffection and anger felt by the youth of the UK's "concrete jungle"—a phrase borrowed from Bob Marley's 1973 album Catch a Fire—used to describe the grim, violent inner cities of 1970s Britain. The album features a mixture of original material and several covers of classic Jamaican ska tracks.

A live version of "Too Much Too Young" was later released on a five-track EP of the same name, subtitled The Special A.K.A. Live!, which went to number one on the UK charts. "A Message to You Rudy" was also released as a single. A digitally remastered edition of the album also featuring promotional videos to "Gangsters" and "Too Much Too Young" as enhanced content was released by EMI in 2002.
Wildebeest Kuil Rock Art Centre
Wildebeest Kuil Rock Art Centre is a rock engraving site with visitor centre on land owned by the !Xun and Khwe San situated about 16 km from Kimberley, Northern Cape, South Africa. It is a declared Provincial Heritage Site managed by the Northern Cape Rock Art Trust in association with the McGregor Museum. The engravings exemplify one of the forms often referred to as ‘Bushman rock art' – or Khoe-San rock art – with the rock paintings of the Drakensberg, Cederberg and other regions of South Africa being generally better known occurrences. Differing in technique, the engravings have many features in common with rock paintings. A greater emphasis on large mammals such as elephant, rhino and hippo, in addition to eland, and an often reduced concern with depicting the human form set the engravings apart from the paintings of the sub-continent.

ǃKung people
The ǃKung (/ˈkʊŋ/ KUUNG) are one of the San peoples who live mostly on the western edge of the Kalahari desert, Ovamboland (northern Namibia and southern Angola), and Botswana. The names ǃKung (ǃXun) and Ju are variant words for 'people', preferred by different ǃKung groups. This band level society used traditional methods of hunting and gathering for subsistence up until the 1970s. Today, the great majority of ǃKung people live in the villages of Bantu pastoralists and European ranchers.
Falguni Hamid
Falguni Hamid (Bengali: ফাল্গুনী হামিদ) is a Bangladeshi actress, playwright, director and producer. She served as the director of the Bangladesh Shishu Academy. She is the incumbent president of Bangladesh Cine-Journalist Association.

Bangladesh Shishu Academy
Bangladesh Shishu Academy (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ শিশু একাডেমি) is the national academy for children in Bangladesh. It was established in 1976 by Ziaur Rahman for promoting cultural development of children, and nurturing their talents.

On 8 August 2024, after the fall of Sheikh Hasina, the main building along with the sculpture Duronto was burnt by vandalists.
Lee–Yang theory
In statistical mechanics, Lee–Yang theory, sometimes also known as Yang–Lee theory, is a scientific theory which seeks to describe phase transitions in large physical systems in the thermodynamic limit based on the properties of small, finite-size systems. The theory revolves around the complex zeros of partition functions of finite-size systems and how these may reveal the existence of phase transitions in the thermodynamic limit.

Lee–Yang theory constitutes an indispensable part of the theories of phase transitions. Originally developed for the Ising model, the theory has been extended and applied to a wide range of models and phenomena, including protein folding, percolation, complex networks, and molecular zippers.

The theory is named after the Nobel laureates Tsung-Dao Lee and Yang Chen-Ning, who were awarded the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics for their unrelated work on parity non-conservation in weak interaction.

Complex network
In the context of network theory, a complex network is a graph (network) with non-trivial topological features—features that do not occur in simple networks such as lattices or random graphs but often occur in networks representing real systems. The study of complex networks is a young and active area of scientific research (since 2000) inspired largely by empirical findings of real-world networks such as computer networks, biological networks, technological networks, brain networks, climate networks and social networks.
Kivi Larmola
Kivi Larmola (born 1966) is a Finnish comics artist, illustrator, translator, freelance journalist and a musician. His subject matter often reflects on the absurdities of everyday life and he has a particular interest and affinity to the urban rock music scene as a lifestyle.

Larmola was born in Helsinki, and has been a professional comic artist since 1986, though his earliest work was published in the late 1970s. He received the most prestigious comics-related award, Puupäähattu, in 1991. He served on the board of the Finnish Comics Society from 1991 to 1992, and was the editor-in-chief of Sarjainfo (the Finnish equivalent of Comics Journal). His work has been exhibited both nationally in Finland and abroad.

Larmola has also played guitar in numerous rock bands, including Sekunda, Lunatunes, and Kätyrit. He has also written and published a guidebook for 'the touring musician' (Rokkibändin ABC : käytännön opas keikkailevalle muusikolle) in 2004.

Finnish Comics Society
The Finnish Comics Society (Finnish: Suomen Sarjakuvaseura ry) is the umbrella organization for the cartoon industry in Finland. It was founded in 1971. Its purpose is to increase the appreciation for comics, to promote the knowledge of good comics and increase comics critical reading. The Finnish Comics Society supports comic artists and collaborates with the Finnish cartoonists association.

The most visible parts of the operation are the annual Helsinki Comics Festival, Sarjainfo magazine, Puupää's Hat award (Puupäähattu), Comics Center in Helsinki and the Finnish Comics Annual anthology. They also run multiple Finnish online services around comics like kvaak.fi, sarjakuvablogit.com and 24tuntiasarjakuvaa.info. Finnish Comics Society has also a collection of a variety of comics which can be borrowed with permission.

Society's logo is a stylization of Pekka Puupää's hat.
Jim Mayne
James Herman Mayne (Aug 27, 1950 – July 16, 2015) was a Canadian politician, who was leader of the Prince Edward Island New Democratic Party from 1983 to 1989.

Mayne, a former president of the National Farmers Union, led the party in the 1986 and 1989 provincial elections. He also stood as the party's candidate in two by-elections during his term, in 4th Prince on December 2, 1985, and 5th Prince on September 14, 1987; in the 1985 by-election he became the first candidate in the party's history to earn enough of the popular vote to be reimbursed his electoral deposit.

He died on July 16, 2015, at the age of 64.

5th Prince
5th Prince was a provincial electoral district of Prince Edward Island, Canada, which elected two members to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1873 to 1993.

The district comprised the town (city after 1995) of Summerside. In the 1873 Prince Edward Island general election, it was known as Summerside and Royalty. The district was abolished in 1996.
Tuning mechanisms for stringed instruments
A variety of methods are used to tune different stringed instruments. Most change the pitch produced when the string is played by adjusting the tension of the strings.

A tuning peg in a pegbox is perhaps the most common system. A peg has a grip or knob on it to allow it to be turned. A tuning pin is a tuning peg with a detachable grip, called a tuning lever. The socket on the tuning lever fits over the pin and allows it to be turned. Tuning pins are used on instruments where there is no space for a knob on each string, such as pianos and harps.

Turning the peg or pin tightens or loosens the string. Some tuning pegs and pins are tapered, some threaded. Some tuning pegs are ornamented with shell, metal, or plastic inlays, beads (pips) or rings.

Other tuning systems include screw-and-lever tuners, geared tuners, and the konso friction tuning system (using braided leather rings).

Violin family
The violin family of musical instruments was developed in Italy in the 16th century. At the time the name of this family of instruments was viole da braccio which was used to distinguish them from the viol family (viole da gamba). The standard modern violin family consists of the violin, viola, cello, and (possibly) double bass.

Instrument names in the violin family are all derived from the root viola, which is a derivative of the Medieval Latin word vitula (meaning "stringed instrument"). A violin is a "little viola", a violone is a "big viola" or a bass violin, and a violoncello (often abbreviated cello) is a "small violone" (or literally, a "small big viola"). (The violone is not part of the modern violin family; its place is taken by the modern double bass, an instrument with a mix of violin and viol characteristics.)
Jong-hyuk
Jong-hyuk, also spelled Jong-hyeok or Jong-hyok, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Lee Jong-hyuk (born 1974), South Korean actor

Joo Jong-hyuk (actor, born 1983), South Korean actor and singer

Kim Jong-hyeok (born 1983), South Korean football referee

Oh Jong-hyuk (born 1983), South Korean singer and actor, member of boy band Click-B

Choi Jong-hyuk (born 1984), South Korean football player

Cha Jong-hyok (born 1985), North Korean football player

Joo Jong-hyuk (actor, born 1991), South Korean actor

Kim Myoung-jun (born Kim Jong-hyuk, 1994), South Korean football player

Jeon Jong-hyuk (born 1996), South Korean football player

Lee Jong-hyuk
Lee Jong-hyuk (Korean: 이종혁; born July 31, 1974) is a South Korean actor. After more than a decade of leading and supporting roles on stage, film and television, he gained newfound mainstream popularity through the 2012 romantic comedy series A Gentleman's Dignity.
Ian Pettitt
John Alexander Pettitt (25 September 1910 – 25 December 1977) was an Australian politician. Born in Geelong, Victoria, he was educated at Geelong College before becoming a farmer at Harden, New South Wales. He served in the military from 1940 to 1943. In 1963, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Country Party member for Hume, defeating Labor member Arthur Fuller. He held the seat until 1972, when he was defeated by Labor's Frank Olley. He died on Christmas Day 1977.

Harden, New South Wales
Harden–Murrumburrah is a town and community in the Hilltops Region and is located in the South West Slopes of New South Wales in Australia. Harden is adjacent to both the Canberra region of the Australian Capital Territory and the Riverina Region in the southwest area of NSW. The town is a twin town between Harden and Murrumburrah (which is noted as one of the earliest European immigrant settlements in the southwest of New South Wales).

The town is traversed by the Burley Griffin Way, the major link from and between the Riverina and the Hume Highway near Yass, and ultimately Sydney, Canberra and the coast. Cunningham Creek runs along the edge of the town.

The Olympic Highway traverses the western end of the shire and is the major link through the central west to the Blue Mountains and from there to the Sydney region.

Harden is 3½ hours away by road from Sydney, and 1½ hours from Canberra and Wagga Wagga.