hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cato's Letters (Antifederalist)
Cato's Letters were a series of Anti-Federalist letters to the New York Journal in 1787 and 1788 opposing James Madison's views and urging against ratification of the United States Constitution.

It formed part of the Anti-Federalist Papers. Alexander Hamilton published responses to these letters under the pseudonym "Caesar."

Anti-Federalists
The Anti-Federalists were a late-18th-century group in the United States advancing a political movement that opposed the creation of a stronger federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution. The previous constitution, called the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, gave state governments more authority. Led by Patrick Henry of Virginia, Anti-Federalists worried, among other things, that the position of president, then a novelty, might evolve into a monarchy. Though the Constitution was ratified and supplanted the Articles of Confederation, Anti-Federalist influence helped lead to the enactment of the Bill of Rights.
2001 ECAC Hockey men's ice hockey tournament
The 2001 ECAC Hockey Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 40th tournament in league history. It was played between March 9 and March 17, 2001. Quarterfinal games were played at home team campus sites, while the final five games were played at the Olympic Arena (subsequently renamed Herb Brooks Arena) in Lake Placid, New York. By winning the tournament, St. Lawrence received the ECAC's automatic bid to the 2001 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
GMR (cryptography)
In cryptography, GMR is a digital signature algorithm named after its inventors Shafi Goldwasser, Silvio Micali and Ron Rivest.

As with RSA the security of the system is related to the difficulty of factoring very large numbers. But, in contrast to RSA, GMR is secure against adaptive chosen-message attacks, which is the currently accepted security definition for signature schemes— even when an attacker receives signatures for messages of his choice, this does not allow them to forge a signature for a single additional message.

Silvio Micali
Silvio Micali (born October 13, 1954) is an Italian computer scientist, professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the founder of Algorand, a proof-of-stake blockchain cryptocurrency protocol. Micali's research at the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory centers on cryptography and information security.

In 2012, he and Shafi Goldwasser received the Turing Award for their work on cryptography.
Albert del Rosario
Albert Ferreros del Rosario Sr. (November 14, 1939 – April 18, 2023) was a Filipino businessman, diplomat, and government official. He served as the secretary of foreign affairs of the Philippines from 2011 to 2016 under the Benigno Aquino III administration. During his tenure as foreign minister, he was notable for representing the Philippines in a case against China's claim of the South China Sea under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

Prior to serving foreign affairs secretary, he was chair of the Philippine Stratbase Consultancy and the Makati Foundation for Education and served as the ambassador of the Philippines to the United States from 2001 to 2006 during the Gloria Macapagal Arroyo administration.

Department of Foreign Affairs (Philippines)
The Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Ugnayang Panlabas) is the executive department of the Philippine government tasked to contribute to the enhancement of national security, protection of the territorial integrity and national sovereignty, to participate in the national endeavor of sustaining development and enhancing the Philippines' competitive edge, to protect the rights and promote the welfare of Filipinos overseas and to mobilize them as partners in national development, to project a positive image of the Philippines, and to increase international understanding of Philippine culture for mutually-beneficial relations with other countries.

Secretary Tess Lazaro has headed the department since 2025.
Nova Vas pri Žireh
Nova Vas pri Žireh (pronounced [ˈnɔːʋa ˈʋaːs pɾi ʒiˈɾeːx], Slovene: Nova vas pri Žireh, German: Neudorf) is a formerly independent settlement in the Municipality of Žiri in western Slovenia. It is now part of the town of Žiri. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Upper Carniola Statistical Region.

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
Ringas Junction railway station
Ringas Junction railway station is a model railway station (as declared by Indian Railways) in Sikar district, Rajasthan, India. Its code is RGS & is located 58.5 kilometres (36.4 mi) from Jaipur Junction. The station consists of three well-sheltered platforms. It has basic facilities including water and sanitation. The station was main metre-gauge junction till 2005, but after the construction of the broad-gauge track from Rewari and Narnaul  in the north to Phulera and Ajmer in the south, it is operational as an important BG junction now. The 200.4 kilometres (124.5 mi) long track from Churu to Jaipur via Sikar & Ringas has been converted to broad gauge.

Phulera
Phulera is a town in Jaipur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is situated near Jaipur city, the state capital. The DMIC (Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor) project runs through Phulera. It is a major railway junction.
Modrolas
Modrolas [mɔˈdrɔlas] (German Mandelatz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tychowo, within Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) west of Tychowo, 14 km (9 mi) south-east of Białogard, and 120 km (75 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Białogard County
Białogard County (Polish: powiat białogardzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Białogard, which lies 113 kilometres (70 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other towns in the county are Karlino, lying 9 km (6 mi) north-west of Białogard, and Tychowo, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Białogard.

The county covers an area of 845.36 square kilometres (326.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population was 48,241, out of which the population of Białogard was 24,339, that of Karlino 5,794, and the rural population 18,108 (including approximately 2,500 for the population of Tychowo, which became a town in 2010).
Mount Bonython
Mount Bonython (34°58′0″S 138°42′50″E﻿ / ﻿34.96667°S 138.71389°E﻿ / -34.96667; 138.71389, 677 m (2,221 ft) above sea level) is one of two major peaks in the Adelaide Hills visible from Adelaide. The other, about a kilometre to the south and some 50 m higher, is Mount Lofty. Mount Bonython is named after Sir John Langdon Bonython and was previously known simply as Little Mount. There is a telecommunications tower used for the Telstra NextG network located at its summit.

According to the mythology of the indigenous Kaurna people, the Mount Lofty Ranges were part of the story of the ancestor-creator Nganno. Nganno travelled across the land of the Kaurna and after being wounded in a battle, lay down to die and formed the Mount Lofty Ranges. The current name of the Greater Mount Lofty Parklands, Yurrebilla, is taken from the Kaurna name for the twin hills of Mount Lofty and Mount Bonython, which are supposed to be Nganno's ears.

John Langdon Bonython
Sir John Langdon Bonython KCMG (/bɒˈnaɪθən/; 15 October 1848 – 22 October 1939) was an Australian editor, newspaper proprietor, philanthropist, journalist and politician who served as a member of the inaugural federal Parliament, and was editor of the Adelaide daily morning broadsheet, The Advertiser, for 35 years.
Neural tissue engineering
Neural tissue engineering is a specific sub-field of tissue engineering. Neural tissue engineering is primarily a search for strategies to eliminate inflammation and fibrosis upon implantation of foreign substances. Often foreign substances in the form of grafts and scaffolds are implanted to promote nerve regeneration and to repair nerves of both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) due to injury.

Morphogen
A morphogen is a substance whose non-uniform distribution governs the pattern of tissue development in the process of morphogenesis or pattern formation, one of the core processes of developmental biology, establishing positions of the various specialized cell types within a tissue. More specifically, a morphogen is a signaling molecule that acts directly on cells to produce specific cellular responses depending on its local concentration.

Typically, morphogens are produced by source cells and diffuse through surrounding tissues in an embryo during early development, such that concentration gradients are set up. These gradients drive the process of differentiation of unspecialised stem cells into different cell types, ultimately forming all the tissues and organs of the body. The control of morphogenesis is a central element in evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo).
Sema Silkin Ün
Sema Silkin Ün is a Turkish civil engineer and politician who has served as a Member of Parliament in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey since 2018. Ün was elected as an MP for Istanbul in the 2018 Turkish general election, representing the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP). She was a candidate for re-election for the HDP from Istanbul in the 2023 Turkish general election. Ün is a graduate of Anadolu University's Faculty of Engineering and Architecture. She has worked as a civil engineer.

2023 Turkish general election
General elections were held in Turkey on 14 May 2023, combining presidential elections and parliamentary elections to elect 600 members of the Grand National Assembly.

Election monitors criticized the conduct of the elections, observing restrictions on fundamental freedoms of assembly, association and expression. There was political interference in the electoral process, threats of throttling social media platforms, arrests of people posting criticisms on social media, and fines against media organizations that criticized the government. The state-run media heavily favored the AK Party, led by incumbent president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. Popular political opponents were jailed or intimidated during the election campaign. A 2023 study in PLOS One found that the election was "riddled with statistical irregularities, that may be indicative of electoral fraud."
Vaalserberg
The Vaalserberg (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvaːlsərˌbɛr(ə)x]; Limburgish: Vaolserberg [ˈvɒː˦˨lsəʀˌbæː˦˨˧ʀəx]) is a hill with a height of 322.4 metres (1,058 ft) above NAP and is the highest point in the European part of the Netherlands. The Vaalserberg is located in the province of Limburg, at the south-easternmost edge of the country, near the town of Vaals (after which it is named).

The Vaalserberg was the highest point anywhere in the Netherlands until the Caribbean island of Saba, with its 887-metre-high (2,910-foot) volcano, was incorporated into the country as a "special municipality" in 2010.

Saba (island)
Saba is a Caribbean island and the smallest special municipality (officially "public body") of the Netherlands. It consists largely of the dormant volcano Mount Scenery, which at 870 metres (2,854.3 ft) is the highest point of the entire Kingdom of the Netherlands. The island lies in the northern Leeward Islands portion of the West Indies, southeast of the Virgin Islands. Together with Bonaire and Sint Eustatius it forms the Caribbean Netherlands, also known as the BES islands.

Saba has a land area of 13 square kilometres (5.0 sq mi). The population was 2,158 in January 2025, with a population density of 147 inhabitants per square kilometre (380/sq mi). It is the smallest territory by permanent population in the Americas. Its towns and major settlements are The Bottom (the capital), Windwardside, Zion's Hill, and St. Johns.
Right Now (Mary J. Blige song)
"Right Now" is a song recorded by American singer Mary J. Blige from her twelfth studio album, The London Sessions (2014). It was written by Blige, Sam Smith, Jimmy Napes, and Disclosure, featuring production from the latter. Musically, "Right Now" is a mid-tempo R&B song, with deep house and UK garage influences. Lyrically, it exudes a displeased woman letting her lover know that she is fed up with his ways, and is planning on making changes. The song was released as the album's second single on October 27, 2014.

"Right Now" peaked at number one on the US Dance Club Songs chart, becoming Blige's fifth song to do so. Numerous remixes and cover versions of the song were made, most notably reworks by Basement Jaxx and Simon Neale. Blige performed the song on several television and award show ceremonies, such as Later... with Jools Holland, The Ellen DeGeneres Show, and BBC Radio 1Xtra.

The London Sessions (Mary J. Blige album)
The London Sessions is the twelfth studio album by American R&B singer-songwriter Mary J. Blige. It was released on November 24, 2014, by Capitol Records and Matriarch Records. On October 26, 2014, the album leaked in its entirety to the Internet, with Billboard calling it "superb" and "objectively her best since 2005's The Breakthrough".
Myomesin
Myomesin is a protein family found in the M-line of the sarcomere structure. Myomesin has various forms throughout the body in striated muscles with specialized functions. This includes both slow and fast muscle fibers. Myomesin are made of 13 domains including a unique N-terminal followed by two immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domains, five fibronectin type III (Fn) domains, five more Ig domains. These domains all promote binding which indicates that myomesin is regulated through binding.

Striated muscle tissue
Striated muscle tissue is a muscle tissue that features repeating functional units called sarcomeres. Under the microscope,  sarcomeres are visible along muscle fibers, giving a striated appearance to the tissue. The two types of striated muscle are skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle.
Bob Colwell
Robert P. "Bob" Colwell (born 1954) is an electrical engineer who worked at Intel and later served as Director of the Microsystems Technology Office (MTO) at DARPA. He was the chief IA-32 architect on the Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium 4 microprocessors. Bob retired from Intel in 2000. He was an Intel Fellow from 1995 to 2000.

Microsystems Technology Office
The Microsystems Technology Office (MTO) is one of seven current organizational divisions of DARPA, an agency responsible for the development of new technology for the United States Armed Forces. It is sometimes referred to as the Microelectronics Technology Office.

The office focuses on the development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), electronics, algorithms, systems architecture, and photonics.
Manteno Community Unit School District 5
Manteno Community Unit School District 5 serves the area of Manteno, and the Townships of Rockville, Sumner, Bourbonnais, and a portion of Wesley Township, Will County. Manteno Community School District is 153 square miles (400 km2).  Prior to the creation of Community Unit District 5 in 1954, the schools in Manteno served primarily Village of Manteno and neighboring residents, while smaller rural places like Deselm and Indian Oaks had their own schools, often one-room schoolhouses.

The school district today consists of three schools: Manteno Elementary School, Manteno Middle School, and Manteno Community High School.

Rockville Township, Kankakee County, Illinois
Rockville Township is one of seventeen townships in Kankakee County, Illinois, USA.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 756 and it contained 325 housing units. It was formerly a township of Will County until Kankakee County was created.  The township's name may have been derived from a Potawatomi village known to the pioneers as "Little Rock Village."
Earthlight (horse)
Earthlight (foaled 18 February 2017) is an Irish-bred, French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse. As a juvenile in 2019 he won two minor races before taking the Prix de Cabourg and then moving up to the highest class to win the Prix Morny and the Middle Park Stakes. In 2020 he won the Prix Kistena and the Prix du Pin as well as running fourth in the Prix Maurice de Gheest and second in the Prix de la Foret.

Middle Park Stakes
The Middle Park Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old colts. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.
Gravitation: Variation in Time and Space
Gravitation: Variation in Time and Space is a 2015 black & white art film, written and produced by Rem Hass and directed by  Andrei Severny. 
Gravitation is a synergy of dance, cinema and abstract art and stars Diana Vishneva, principal dancer of the Mariinsky Ballet and the American Ballet Theatre. The movements were choreographed by Mauro Bigonzetti specifically for the film. The work was shot entirely in slow motion with Phantom Flex4K cameras in 500-1,000 frames-per-second. The film was shot on location at the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater in New York City.

Phantom (high-speed camera brand)
Phantom is Vision Research's brand of high-speed video cameras.

The Phantom TMX 7510 is currently the company's fastest camera as of November 2022. It can record video at up to 76,000 frames per second (fps) at its maximum resolution of 1280 x 800, and can record at 1,750,000 frames per second at a resolution of 1280 x 32, or in binned mode with a resolution of 640 x 64.

The Phantom v2512, the company's fastest camera as of August 2018, can record video at over 25,000  at its full one megapixel resolution, and up to one million frames per second at a reduced resolution of 256 x 32 pixels. The Phantom v2640 records 6,600 fps at its full resolution of four megapixels, and 12,500 fps at full HD resolution.

Fox Network uses the Phantom cameras to provide slow-motion replays in live sports broadcasts.
Bonningues-lès-Ardres
Bonningues-lès-Ardres (French pronunciation: [bɔnɛ̃ɡ lɛ.z‿aʁdʁ], literally Bonningues near Ardres; West Flemish: Boninge) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region in northern France.

Lès
The word lès (French pronunciation: [lɛ] ⓘ, and [lɛz‿] with liaison) is an archaic French preposition meaning "near", "nearby", or "next to". Today it occurs only in place names to distinguish places with the same name.

The word lès has two variants: lez and les. The latter should not be confused with the plural definite article les (e.g. les-Bains, "the Baths").
Kgetlengrivier Local Municipality elections
The Kgetlengrivier Local Municipality council consists of thirteen members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Seven councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in seven wards, while the remaining six are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of seven seats.

Kgetlengrivier Local Municipality
Kgetlengrivier Municipality (Tswana: Mmasepala wa Kgetlengrivier; Afrikaans: Kgetlengrivier Munisipaliteit) is a local municipality within the Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, in the North West province of South Africa.
Séréwondirou
Séréwondirou is a town in the Sérékalé arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census in 2013, the village had a total population of 1,028.

9°57′43″N 3°05′06″E﻿ / ﻿09.962°N 03.085°E﻿ / 09.962; 03.085

Arrondissement
An arrondissement (UK: /æˈrɒndiːsmɒ̃, ˌærɒnˈdiːsmɒ̃/, US: /æˌrɒndiːsˈmɒ̃, -ˌroʊn-, əˈrɒndɪsmənt/, French: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ) is any of various administrative divisions of France, Belgium, Haiti, and certain other Francophone countries, as well as the Netherlands.
John Thomas Springer
John Thomas Springer (January 31, 1831 – October 8. 1909) was an American lawyer and politician.

Springer was born in Sullivan County, Indiana. He lived with his family in Jacksonville, Illinois. Springer went to Illinois College and then moved to California where he was involved with the mining industry. Springer moved back to Jacksonville, Illinois. He studied law and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1858. He practiced law in Jacksonville, Illinois and was also involved with the banking business.

A War Democrat, he supported Abraham Lincoln. Springer served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1864 to 1868 and was a Democrat. Springer died in Jacksonville, Illinois. His son was John W. Springer who also served in the Illinois General Assembly.

Illinois College
Illinois College is a private liberal arts college in Jacksonville, Illinois. It is affiliated with the United Church of Christ and the Presbyterian Church (USA). It was the second college founded in Illinois but the first to grant a degree (in 1835). It was founded in 1829 by the Yale Band, students from Yale College who traveled westward to found new colleges. It briefly served as the state's first medical school, from 1843 to 1848.
Prausnitz
Prausnitz is a German language surname.  Notable people with the surname include:

Frederik Prausnitz (1920–2004), German-born American conductor and teacher

John Prausnitz (born 1928), American professor of chemical engineering

Mark Prausnitz, American chemical engineer, scientist, educator, entrepreneur, and inventor; son of the above John Prausnitz

Moshe Prausnitz (1922–1998), Israeli archaeologist

Otto Prausnitz (1876–1963), German physician, bacteriologist, and hygienist

Wilhelm Prausnitz (1861–1933), Prussia born, Austrian-German professor

Prusice (German: Prausnitz), town in Lower Silesia, Poland

John Prausnitz
John Michael Prausnitz (born January 7, 1928) is an emeritus professor of chemical engineering at the University of California, Berkeley.

Prausnitz is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering for contributions to the thermodynamics of phase equilibria and its application to industrial process design. In 2003, he received the National Medal of Science for his work in molecular thermodynamics. He developed many of the activity coefficient models used for the design of major chemical plants.
Primaris Airlines
Primaris Airlines was an American charter airline located in Enterprise, Nevada, in the United States. It operated domestic and international services. Its main base was McCarran International Airport, Las Vegas.

Enterprise, Nevada
Enterprise  is an unincorporated town in the Las Vegas Valley in Clark County, Nevada, United States. The population was 221,831 at the 2020 U.S. census, up from 14,676 at the 2000 census. It was founded on December 17, 1996. As in other unincorporated towns in the Las Vegas Valley, its ZIP Codes are assigned the place name "Las Vegas" for mailing addresses.