hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander de Tartagnis
Alexander de Tartagnis (c. 1424 – 1477) was an Italian jurist.

After completing his studies in Bologna, he became an assessor at the Conservatore della Giustizia and taught law in Bologna, Ferrara and Padua.

His work includes commentaries on select parts of the Pandects and on other works, as well as more than 1200 advisory opinions. He reports that, for humanitarian reasons, he did not issue advisory opinions in the disfavour of the accused in criminal cases.

Paulus Castrensis was one of his teachers. Jason de Mayno, Bartholomaeus Socinus, and Ludovico Bolognini were three of his students.

Assessor (law)
In some jurisdictions, an assessor is a judge's or magistrate's assistant. This is the historical meaning of this word.

In common law jurisdictions, assessors are usually non-lawyers who sit together with a judge to provide either expert advice (such as on maritime matters) or guidance on local practices.  The use of assessors nowadays is quite rare.  In some jurisdictions, such as Fiji, assessors are used in place of juries. An assessor's opinion or view of a case is not binding on a judge.

The term "assessor" is also very generally applied to persons appointed to ascertain and fix the value of rates and taxes, and in this sense the word is used in the United States (see Assessor (property)).
Auxiliary line
An auxiliary line (or helping line) is an extra line needed to complete a proof in plane geometry. Other common auxiliary constructs in elementary plane synthetic geometry are the helping circles.

As an example, a proof of the theorem on the sum of angles of a triangle can be done by adding a straight line parallel to one of the triangle sides (passing through the opposite vertex).

Although the adding of auxiliary constructs can often make a problem obvious, it's not at all obvious to discover the helpful construct among all the possibilities, and for this reason many prefer to use more systematic methods for the solution of geometric problems (such as the coordinate method, which requires much less ingenuity).

Sum of angles of a triangle
In a Euclidean space, the sum of angles of a triangle equals a straight angle (180 degrees, π radians, two right angles, or a half-turn). A triangle has three angles, and has one at each vertex, bounded by a pair of adjacent sides.

The sum can be computed directly using the definition of angle based on the dot product and trigonometric identities, or more quickly by reducing to the two-dimensional case and using  Euler's identity.

It was unknown for a long time whether other geometries exist, for which this sum is different. The influence of this problem on mathematics was particularly strong during the 19th century. Ultimately, the answer was proven to be positive: in other spaces (geometries) this sum can be greater or lesser, but it then must depend on the triangle. Its difference from 180° is a case of angular defect and serves as an important distinction for geometric systems.
ECU Health Edgecombe Hospital
ECU Health Edgecombe Hospital, formerly Heritage Hospital, is a hospital located in Tarboro, North Carolina. It is a part of the ECU Health. Edgecombe General Hospital opened as a county-owned hospital in 1916. It succeeded Pittman Hospital, which opened in 1901. In 1959, the Hill-Burton Act helped combine Edgecombe General Hospital, with three other facilities. Edgecombe County sold the hospital to Hospital Corporation of America (HCA) in 1982. HCA opened a 127-bed facility in 1985, named Heritage Hospital. UHSEC bought Heritage Hospital in 1998 from HCA. The hospitals focus is as a community hospital.  The hospital has 101 general and 16 rehabilitation hospital beds.  It has five Shared Inpatient/Ambulatory Surgery, two Endoscopy, and one C-Section operating rooms.

Hill–Burton Act
The Hospital Survey and Construction Act (Pub. L. 79–725, 60 Stat. 1040, enacted July 13, 1946), commonly known as the Hill–Burton Act, is a U.S. federal law passed in 1946, during the 79th United States Congress. It was sponsored by Senator Harold Burton of Ohio and Senator Lister Hill of Alabama.
Coolock
Coolock (Irish: An Chúlóg, meaning 'the little corner') is a large suburban area, centred on a village, on Dublin city's Northside in Ireland. Coolock is crossed by the Santry River, a prominent feature in the middle of the district, with a linear park and ponds. The Coolock suburban area encompasses parts of three Dublin postal districts: Dublin 5, Dublin 13 and Dublin 17.

The extensive civil parish of Coolock takes in the land between the Tonlegee Road (as far as Donaghmede) and the Malahide Road, as well as the lands on either side of the Malahide Road between Darndale and Artane, and the lands either side of the Oscar Traynor Road on the approach to Santry.

Coolock is also the name of the historical barony which accounts for most of north Dublin city, from the coast as far as Phoenix Park, and stretching north as far as Swords.

Phoenix Park
The Phoenix Park (Irish: Páirc an Fhionnuisce) is a large public urban park in Dublin, Ireland, lying 2–4 kilometres (1.2–2.5 mi) west of the city centre, north of the River Liffey. Its 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) perimeter wall encloses 707 hectares (1,750 acres) of recreational space. It includes large areas of grassland and tree-lined avenues, and since the 17th century has been home to a herd of wild fallow deer. The Irish Government has lobbied UNESCO to have the park designated as a World Heritage Site.
Jackson Mansion and Carriage House
The Jackson Mansion and Carriage House is an historic American home and carriage house which are located in Berwick, Columbia County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Columbia County, Pennsylvania
Columbia County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,727. Its county seat is Bloomsburg. The county was created on March 22, 1813, from part of Northumberland County. It was named Columbia, alluding to the United States and Christopher Columbus. The county is part of the Central region of the commonwealth.

Columbia County is part of the Bloomsburg–Berwick metropolitan area.
Droste (surname)
Droste is a German surname, derived from a medieval court appointment named Drost. Notable people with the surname include:

Annette von Droste-Hülshoff (1797–1848), German poet, writer, and composer

Clemens August Droste zu Vischering (1773–1845), German baron and Roman Catholic Archbishop of Cologne

Daniel Droste (born 1980), German musician

Dao Droste (born 1952), Vietnamese-German artist

Ed Droste (born 1978), American singer-songwriter, musician, and licensed therapist

Edward C. Droste (born 1951), American businessman

Elmer Droste (1895–1972), American lawyer, politician, and Army officer

Gottfried von Droste (1908–1992), German physical chemist

Jean Droste (born 1994), South African rugby union player

Johannes Droste (1886–1963), Dutch mathematician

Louise Droste-Roggemann (1865–1945), German painter

Sebastian Droste (1898–1927), German poet, actor, and dancer

Wiglaf Droste (1961–2019), German poet and satirical writer

Wout Droste (born 1989), Dutch footballer

Court appointment
Court appointments are the traditional positions within a royal, ducal, or noble household.  In the early Middle Ages, when such households were established, most court officials had either domestic or military duties; the monarch's closest advisers were those who served in the household.  However, as time went by, most of these positions became hereditary, and their role in the running of the household was gradually eroded.  In England, for instance, the Lord Great Chamberlain and the Earl Marshal were originally responsible for the running of the royal household and the royal stables respectively; however, from the late medieval period onwards, their roles became largely honorary, their places in the household being taken by the Lord Chamberlain and the Master of the Horse.

Today, many court titles survive in those European nations that retain royal courts. Examples of court appointments would include:
Amorbia humerosana
Amorbia humerosana, the white-lined leafroller, is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found from the Gulf states to the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada.

The length of the forewings is 11–13 mm for males and 12–13.5 mm for females. Adults are on wing from March to September.

The larvae feed on Picea glauca, Picea rubens, Pinus species (including Pinus banksiana), Abies balsamea, Larix laricina, Viburnum species, Rhus radicans, Rhus aromatica, Aralia species, Solidago species, Alnus species, Betula species, Castanea dentata, Lindera species, Asparagus officinalis, Gaylussacia species, Malus domestica and Salix species. They roll the leaves of their host plants. Full-grown larvae reach a length of about 25 mm.

Toxicodendron radicans
Toxicodendron radicans, commonly known as eastern poison ivy or poison ivy, is a species of allergenic flowering plant. It has numerous subtaxons and forms both vines and shrubs. Despite its common name, it is not a true ivy, but rather a member of the cashew and sumac family, Anacardiaceae. It is different from western poison ivy, Toxicodendron rydbergii, and resembles a number of species.

The species is found in North America. Although commonly eaten by animals, with birds consuming the seeds, T. radicans is considered a noxious weed. As a poison ivy, it causes urushiol-induced contact dermatitis in most people who touch it, producing an itchy, irritating, and sometimes painful rash.
Raffel
Raffel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Burton Raffel (1928–2015), American translator, poet and teacher

Dawn Raffel, American writer

Forrest & Leroy Raffel, founders of Arby's

Kanishka Raffel, Australian Anglican dean

Keith Raffel, American novelist, technology executive, university lecturer, and former U.S. Senate counsel

Suhanya Raffel, museum director

Varsha Raffel (born 1975), Indian cricketer

Varsha Raffel
Varsha Raffel (born 20 March 1975) is a One Day International cricketer who represents India. She is a right hand batsman and bowls right-arm off-breaks. She has played nine ODIs, taking eleven wickets including a three-wicket haul.
Celia Cruz and Friends: A Night of Salsa
Celia Cruz and Friends: A Night of Salsa is a live album by Cuban salsa musician Celia Cruz. The album was recorded during a concert on May 12, 1999, in Hartford, Connecticut, which was broadcast by PBS. Among the participants of the concert were Tito Puente, Johnny Pacheco, La India, and Isidro Infante. The album peaked at number twelve on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart. The album received a Latin Grammy Award for Best Salsa Album and a nomination for Tropical Album of the Year at the Lo Nuestro Awards of 2001.

Premio Lo Nuestro 2001
The 13th Lo Nuestro Awards ceremony, presented by Univision to honor the best Latin music of 2000 and 2001, took place on February 8, 2001, at a live presentation held at the James L. Knight Center in Miami, Florida. The ceremony was broadcast in the United States and Latin America by Univision.

During the ceremony, twenty-nine categories were presented. Winners were announced at the live event and included Puerto-Rican American band Son by Four receiving six competitive awards. Mexican singer-songwriter Joan Sebastian earned three accolades and the Excellence Award; and Mexican singer Pepe Aguilar, American singer Christina Aguilera and Colombian performer Shakira earned two awards each. The 13th Lo Nuestro Awards were the first to be held since the inception of the Latin Grammy Awards.
Sophia Amoruso
Sophia Christina Amoruso (born April 20, 1984) is an American businesswoman. Amoruso founded Nasty Gal, a women's fast fashion retailer, which went on to be named one of "the fastest growing companies" by Inc. Magazine in 2012. In 2016, she was named one of the richest self-made women in the world by Forbes. However, Nasty Gal filed for bankruptcy. In 2017, Amoruso founded Girlboss Media, a company that creates content for women in the millennial generation to progress as people in their personal and professional life.

Her 2014 autobiography #GIRLBOSS was adapted into the Netflix series Girlboss.

Inc. (magazine)
Inc. is an American business media company founded in 1979 and based in New York City. Inc. publishes several print magazine issues per year, and is anchored by journalistic content online and on social media, focused on entrepreneurship and related news. Inc. also produces several live and virtual events yearly, including the Inc. 5000 conference.

Owned by Mansueto Ventures, Inc. is best known for its annual rankings of the fastest-growing privately held companies in the United States, called the "Inc. 5000" as well as its Best in Business, Female Founders, and Best Workplaces awards.
Audvar Os
Audvar Os (8 September 1920 – 25 June 2014) was a Norwegian barrister and civil servant.

He was born in Oslo. He served as assistant secretary in the Ministry of Justice and the Police from 1956 to 1961, and then worked as a lawyer. From 1963 he had access to Supreme Court cases. From 1967 to 1981 he worked for Oslo municipality, and from 1982 to 1990 he was the Norwegian Parliamentary Ombudsman for Public Administration.

Os was awarded the Order of St. Olav in 1986.

Ministry of Justice and Public Security
The Royal Ministry of Justice and Public Security (Norwegian: Det kongelige justis- og beredskapsdepartement) is a Norwegian government ministry that oversees justice, the police, and domestic intelligence. The main purpose of the ministry is to provide for the maintenance and development of the basic rule of law.  An overriding objective is to ensure the security of society and of individual citizens. The ministry was founded in 1818 and currently employs about 400 people in the central government department. Its subordinate agencies include the Norwegian Police Service, the Norwegian Correctional Service, the Norwegian Police Security Service, the Norwegian Prosecuting Authority, the Judiciary of Norway, and the Directorate of Immigration, and employ around 30,000 people. The Ministry of Justice of Norway oversees the administration of justice in Svalbard.
KJJQ
KJJQ (910 AM; "The Ranch") is a radio station in Volga, South Dakota, broadcasting a classic country and farm format. The station's transmitter is located in Volga, but the studios are in the nearby city of Brookings. Known as The Ranch AM 910, the station has a broad range transmitting across eastern South Dakota and western Minnesota, reaching the cities of Yankton, South Dakota, Webster, South Dakota, Chamberlain, South Dakota, Marshall, Minnesota, Olivia, Minnesota, and the communities between these points. The station was formerly in a historic train depot and went by the name Depot Radio. In 2005, the depot was sold and KJJQ relocated to the building now housing the other four commercial radio stations in Brookings.

Brookings, South Dakota
Brookings is a city in and the county seat of Brookings County, South Dakota, United States. It is located 60 miles (97 km) north of the state’s largest city, Sioux Falls. The population was 23,377 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth most populous city in South Dakota, and was estimated to be 24,312 in 2023. It is home to South Dakota State University, the state's largest institution of higher education. Also in Brookings are the South Dakota Art Museum, the Children's Museum of South Dakota, the annual Brookings Summer Arts Festival, and the headquarters of several manufacturing companies and agricultural operations.
ABC Jazz
ABC Jazz (formerly Dig Jazz) is a digital radio station, available on mobile devices, DAB+ digital radio, digital TV and online. It is operated by the ABC Jazz team at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC).

Digital radio
Digital radio is the use of digital technology to transmit or receive across the radio spectrum. Digital transmission by radio waves includes digital broadcasting, and especially digital audio radio services. Common examples include Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) and HD Radio. This should not be confused with Internet radio which also is digital but not transmitted by radio waves in the radio spectrum. It is the newer counterpart to older, analog communications or broadcasting, which include the use of FM and AM.
Dutch Tea House, Eaton Hall
The Dutch Tea House is in the grounds of Eaton Hall, Cheshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

The building was designed by the Chester architect John Douglas for the 2nd Earl Grosvenor (later the 1st Duke of Westminster) in 1872.  It stands at the north end of the Dutch Garden which was designed by C. E. Mallows.

The tea house has a cruciform plan.  It is a timber-framed building on a red sandstone plinth with a red tiled roof that rises with a concave profile to a point.  On the apex is a large lead finial with a small weather vane.  At the front is a verandah, the tearoom is in the centre and to the left, and the kitchen is on the right.  The wooden posts supporting the verandah are carved, and above these is a pargetted frieze.  A flight of six steps leads down to the Dutch Garden.

Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster
Hugh Lupus Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster, KG, PC, JP (13 October 1825 – 22 December 1899), styled Viscount Belgrave between 1831 and 1845, Earl Grosvenor between 1845 and 1869, and known as The Marquess of Westminster between 1869 and 1874, was an English landowner, politician and racehorse owner. He inherited the estate of Eaton Hall in Cheshire and land in Mayfair and Belgravia, London, and spent much of his fortune in developing these properties. Although he was an MP from the age of 22, and then a member of the House of Lords, his main interests were not in politics, but rather in his estates, in horse racing, and in country pursuits. He developed the stud at Eaton Hall and achieved success in racing his horses, who won the Derby on four occasions.
Selsted
Selsted is a hamlet in Kent, England. It is in the local government district of Folkestone and Hythe, and the electoral ward of North Downs East.

During 2006, protests were held against a proposed closure of Selsted Church of England Primary School by Kent County Council, however, the plan was abandoned in September 2006.

The village has a cricket team in Division 2 of the Kent Village League, and who were the 2007 Lords Ashford League Champions.

Kent County Council
Kent County Council (KCC) is a county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Kent in England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county, which additionally includes the unitary authority of Medway. Kent County Council is the upper tier of elected local government, below which are 12 district councils, and around 300 town and parish councils. The county council has 81 elected councillors. It is one of the largest local authorities in England in terms of population served and the largest local authority of its type. The council is based at County Hall in Maidstone. It had been under Conservative majority control from 1997 to 2025 when Reform UK took control.
Washburn Historic District
Washburn Historic District is a national historic district located near Bostic, Rutherford County, North Carolina.  It encompasses 17 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure in the crossroads community of Washburn.  It developed after 1915, and includes notable examples of Classical Revival style architecture.  The principal historic buildings in the district are the Edgar Nollie Washburn House, two rental dwellings, a barn, the Washburn store, the Washburn Funeral Home, and Washburn-Davis House.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002, with a boundary increase in 2006.

Rutherford County, North Carolina
Rutherford County is a county in the southwestern area of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,444. Its county seat is Rutherfordton. Rutherford County comprises the Forest City, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
2002 Abierto Mexicano Pegaso
The 2002 Abierto Mexicano Pegaso was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Fairmont Acapulco Princess in Acapulco in Mexico that was part of the International Series Gold of the 2002 ATP Tour and of Tier III of the 2002 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from February 25 through March 3, 2002.

WTA Tier III tournaments
The WTA Tier III tournaments were Women's Tennis Association tennis third-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years due to tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled.

From 2009, most Tier III and Tier IV tournaments from previous seasons became WTA International Tournaments owing to a category change. The main reason for the changes was to ease the pressure on players in terms of the number of tournaments that they were required to play.
Enterprise, Butte County, California
39°32′11″N 121°21′51″W﻿ / ﻿39.53639°N 121.36417°W﻿ / 39.53639; -121.36417

Enterprise (formerly, Mountain Spring) is a former settlement in Butte County, California. It was located 5 miles (8.0 km) west-northwest of Forbestown on the South Fork of the Feather River, at an elevation of 902 feet (275 m). In 1968, it was inundated by Lake Oroville.

A post office operated at Enterprise from 1878 to 1926, with a brief closure in 1903. The town was founded in 1852 as Mountain Spring and used as a construction camp. Its later economy was based on being a supply center for the mining operations nearby, especially near Bidwell's Bar. The mining town of Yankee Flat was located 5 miles (8.0 km) southeast of Enterprise.

Butte County, California
Butte County (/ˈbjuːt/ ⓘ) is a county located in the northern central part of the U.S. state of California. In the 2020 census, its population was 211,632. The county seat is Oroville.

Butte County comprises the Chico, California, metropolitan statistical area. It is in the California Central Valley, north of the state capital of Sacramento.

Butte County is drained by the Feather River and the Sacramento River. Butte Creek and Big Chico Creek are additional perennial streams, both tributary to the Sacramento. The county is home to California State University, Chico and Butte College.
Daniel Mears
Daniel Preston Mears (born 1966) is an American criminologist, a Fellow of the American Society of Criminology, and the Mark C. Stafford Professor of Criminology at the Florida State University College of Criminology & Criminal Justice. A 2011 ranking of American criminologists ranked Mears as the second most influential in terms of scholarly contributions. His research interests include the study of supermax prisons, immigration and crime, causes of offending, sentencing, and juvenile and criminal justice policy.

Florida State University College of Criminology and Criminal Justice
The Florida State University College of Criminology and Criminal Justice is one of sixteen colleges comprising the Florida State University (FSU). The College is the oldest program of its kind. It offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees.

The College's faculty members lead the nation in funding for education and delinquency research, they conduct the most recognized research on fear and crime, they are known internationally for law enforcement research, they are the most cited for national gun control research, and they are prominent scholars in the areas of self-control and crime and juvenile sentencing.

With $11 million in externally funded research projects, the College's Center for Criminology and Public Policy Research conducts research that promotes evidence-based policy-making and practice at state and national levels. It also provides unique hands-on research opportunities for graduate students.