hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kerry James Evans
Kerry James Evans (born 1983) is an American poet. He  holds a PhD in English from Florida State University and an MFA in creative writing from Southern Illinois University-Carbondale. He lives in Milledgeville, Georgia with his dog, Merlin.

Evans’ debut book, Bangalore, was published in 2013 by Copper Canyon Press and was a 2013 Lannan Literary Selection. He was interviewed by The New York Times in 2013. Evans's second poetry collection Nine Persimmons is forthcoming from Backwaters Press in April of 2026.

Until its retirement in Spring 2025, he served as the poetry editor for Arts & Letters. Evans will serve alongside Laura Newbern as co-editor on the upcoming literary journal out of Georgia College, Peach.

Copper Canyon Press
Copper Canyon Press is an independent, non-profit small press, founded in 1972 in Denver, Colorado, by Sam Hamill, Tree Swenson, Bill O'Daly, and Jim Gautney, specializing exclusively in the publication of poetry. Since 1974, it is located in Port Townsend, Washington, in what "looks like a small storage building".

With Hamill, the press's editor for over 30 years, departing in 2004, their team is currently led by Michael Wiegers and Ryo Yamaguchi, who joined in 1993 and 2024, and has previously included the likes of Tonaya Thompson as managing editor, George Knotek, Joseph Bednarik as marketing and sales director, and others. Bednarik also served as the poet Jim Harrison's editor at Copper Canyon Press. They publish new collections of poetry by both popular and emerging American poets, translations of classical and contemporary work from many of the world's cultures, re-issues of out-of-print poetry classics, prose books about poetry, and anthologies.
Homei Iseyama
Homei Iseyama  (1890–1975) was an American artist known for slate carvings.

Iseyama was born in Japan in 1890. He attended Waseda University in Tokyo before emigrating to the United States in 1914. He pursued a career as landscape gardener in Oakland, California.  During World War II, after the signing of Executive Order 9066, Iseyama was interned in the Topaz War Relocation Center in Utah. While he was interned he created objects such as teapots, inkwells, and bowls from slate he found around the relocation camp. Iseyama was also a bonsai master. He died in 1975 in Oakland.

Iseyama's work was included in the traveling exhibition The Art of Gaman. The exhibition toured the United States and Japan from 2006 through 2015, starting at the Museum of Craft and Folk Art in San Francisco and ending at the Houston Holocaust Museum.

His work, Teapot and Cup, was acquired by the Smithsonian American Art Museum as part of the Renwick Gallery's 50th Anniversary Campaign.

Holocaust Museum Houston
The Holocaust Museum Houston is located in Houston's Museum District, in Texas. It is the fourth largest holocaust museum in the U.S. It was opened in 1996.

The Boniuk Center houses Holocaust Museum Houston's Education Department.
1887 Te Aro by-election
The 1887 Te Aro by-election was a by-election held in the single-member Te Aro electorate during the 8th New Zealand Parliament, on 15 April 1887.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Charles Johnston; who was replaced by Francis Humphris Fraser.

8th New Zealand Parliament
The 8th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament.

Elections for this term were held in 4 Māori electorates and 91 general electorates on 8 and 9 December 1881, respectively. A total of 95 MPs were elected, i.e. multi-member electorates were no longer used. Parliament was prorogued in June 1884. During the term of this Parliament, three Ministries were in power.
Bouchain
Bouchain (French pronunciation: [buʃɛ̃] ⓘ; West Flemish: Boesem) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

It lies halfway between Cambrai and Valenciennes. Bouchain, seat of the early medieval County of Ostrevent, was taken by Arnulf I, Count of Flanders, in the 10th century and eventually subsumed into the County of Hainaut.

During the War of the Spanish Succession, when the town was fortified, Bouchain was besieged twice. On 12 September 1711 it was seized from the French after a 34 day siege by the Grand Alliance led by the Duke of Marlborough. It was again besieged, and recaptured by French forces, on 19 October 1712 after an 18 day siege.

Nord (French department)
Nord (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ] ⓘ; officially French: département du Nord; Picard: départémint dech Nord; Dutch: Noorderdepartement, lit. 'northern department') is a department in Hauts-de-France region, France, bordering Belgium. It was created from the western halves of the historical counties of Flanders and Hainaut, and the Bishopric of Cambrai. The modern coat of arms was inherited from the County of Flanders.

Nord is the country's most populous département. It had a population of 2,608,346 in 2019. It also contains the metropolitan region of Lille (the main city and the prefecture of the département), the fourth-largest urban area in France after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. The department is the part of France where the French Flemish dialect of Dutch has historically been spoken as a native language. Similarly, the distinct French Picard dialect Ch'ti is spoken there.
Slavic liquid metathesis and pleophony
The Slavic liquid metathesis refers to the phenomenon of metathesis of liquid consonants in the Common Slavic period in the South Slavic and West Slavic area. The closely related corresponding phenomenon of pleophony (also known as polnoglasie or full vocalization) occurred in parallel in the East Slavic languages.

The change acted on syllables in which the Proto-Slavic liquid consonants *r and *l occurred in a coda position. The result of the change is dependent upon the phonological environment and accents, and it varies in different Slavic languages.

The change has been dated to the second half of the 8th century, before any Slavic languages were recorded in writing. Therefore, the change itself cannot be observed, but it can be inferred by comparing words in different Slavic languages. Evidence of the earlier state of affairs is also preserved in loanwords into and from Early Slavic as well as in cognates in other Indo-European languages, particularly Baltic languages.

Cognate
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and it often takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate.  It can also happen that words which appear similar, or identical, in different languages, are not cognate.

Cognates are distinguished from loanwords, where a word has been borrowed from another language.
City of Penrith
The City of Penrith is a local government area in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The seat of the city is located in Penrith, located within Sydney about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Sydney central business district. It occupies part of the traditional lands of the Darug people. First incorporated as a municipality on 12 May 1871, on 1 January 1949, the municipalities of Penrith, St Marys and Castlereagh and part of the Nepean Shire amalgamated to form a new Municipality of Penrith. Penrith was declared a City on 21 October 1959, and expanded westwards to include Emu Plains and Emu Heights, formerly part of the City of Blue Mountains, on 25 October 1963. As of the 2021 census the City of Penrith had an estimated population of 217,664. It is a member council of the Hawkesbury River County Council.

The mayor of the City of Penrith is Todd Carney, a member of the Labor Party (no relation to the NRL player).

Dharug
The Dharug or Darug people, are a nation of Aboriginal Australian clans, who share ties of kinship, country and culture. In pre-colonial times, they lived as hunters in the region of current day Sydney. The Darug speak one of two dialects of the Dharug language related to their coastal or inland groups. There was armed conflict between the Dharug and the English settlers in the first half of the 19th century. Controversy over land rights, deference to culture and official return of Dharug artifacts, such as the skull of the warrior Pemulwuy, were a main cause of such conflict.
Lorraine of the Lions
Lorraine of the Lions is a 1925 American adventure film directed by Edward Sedgwick and written by Isadore Bernstein and Carl Krusada. The film stars Norman Kerry, Patsy Ruth Miller, Fred Humes, Doreen Turner, Harry Todd, and Philo McCullough. The film was released on October 11, 1925, by Universal Pictures.

Carl Krusada
Carl Krusada (1879–1951) was an Austrian-born American screenwriter. He began his career in the silent era, sometimes using the name Val Cleveland. During the 1930s he worked prolifically writing screenplays for B Westerns produced by a variety of Poverty Row companies.
Do You Remember Dolly Bell?
Do You Remember Dolly Bell? (Serbo-Croatian: Сјећаш ли се Доли Бел? / Sjećaš li se Doli Bel?) is a 1981 comedy-drama film directed by Emir Kusturica, in his feature film directorial debut. The screenplay is co-written by Abdulah Sidran and Kusturica, based on Sidran's 1979 novel of the same name. The film won Silver Lion for Best First Work at 1981 Venice Film Festival, and was selected as the Yugoslav entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 54th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Slavko Štimac
Slavko Štimac (born 15 October 1960) is a Serbian actor.

Born in a village near Perušić in Croatia, he later graduated from the Faculty of Dramatic Arts in Belgrade. Štimac made his screen debut in the 1972 children's film Vuk samotnjak, recruited at the age of ten years old after the wife of director Obrad Gluščević visited his school.

What followed was a career during which Štimac appeared in many popular and important 1970s and 1980s Yugoslav films where he played child and adolescent characters (including the role of young Russian soldier in Sam Peckinpah's Cross of Iron). His youthful looks later plagued his career, typecasting him into adolescent roles well into his 30s. However, in 2004 he had the leading role in Emir Kusturica's Life Is a Miracle, some years after playing the role of a stutterer in the internationally acclaimed film Underground of same director Kusturica.
McCalmont
McCalmont is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Harry McCalmont (1861–1902), British Army officer, racehorse owner, yachtsman and politician

Hugh McCalmont (1845–1924), British politician

James Martin McCalmont (1847–1913), British Army officer and politician

Robert McCalmont (1881–1953), Northern Irish politician and British Army officer

Hugh McCalmont
Major-General Sir Hugh McCalmont KCB CVO (9 February 1845 – 2 May 1924) was an Anglo-Irish soldier, politician, and horseman. He was elected as an Irish Unionist Member of Parliament for North Antrim in 1895, resigning in 1899 by becoming Steward of the Manor of Northstead.
Higher Speed PON
Higher Speed PON (HSP), also known as G.9804, is a family of ITU-T recommendations (computer networking standards) for data links, capable of delivering shared Internet access rates up to 50 Gbit/s (gigabits per second, Gbps). Higher Speed PON is the first PON system to use digital signal processing, succeeding both single-channel XGS-PON and multi-channel NG-PON2. It provides upgrade paths for legacy PON generations such as GPON, XG-PON, XGS-PON, and 10G-EPON.

Physical medium dependent
Physical medium dependent sublayers or PMDs further help to define the physical layer of computer network protocols. They define the details of transmission and reception of individual bits on a physical medium. These responsibilities encompass bit timing, signal encoding, interacting with the physical medium, and the properties of the cable, optical fiber, or wire itself. Common examples are specifications for Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

For cable modems physical medium dependent sublayers define the physical sub-layer.
Apple supply chain
As of 2021, Apple uses components from 43 countries. The majority of assembling is done by Taiwanese original design manufacturer firms Foxconn, Pegatron, Wistron and Compal Electronics with factories mostly located inside China, but also Brazil, and India.

Apple's decision to outsource its manufacturing has received significant criticism, due to allegations of poor working conditions, long work hours, and other labor rights violations. In response, Apple launched its Supplier Responsibility program, which aimed to improve Apple's oversight of supplier partners and enforce its ethics policies. It has also attempted to introduce greater diversification into its supply chain by sourcing products from other countries.

Several product leaks have come from Apple's supply chain rather than its corporate offices, leading Apple to reinforce its secrecy measures.

Foxconn suicides
The Foxconn suicides were a spate of suicides linked to low pay and brutal working conditions at the Foxconn City industrial park in Shenzhen, China, that occurred alongside several additional suicides at various other Foxconn-owned locations and facilities in mainland China. The series of suicides drew media attention, and employment practices at Foxconn—one of the world's largest contract electronics manufacturers—were investigated by several of its customers, including Apple and Hewlett-Packard (HP).
Ângela Maria Fonseca Spínola
Angela Maria Fonseca Spinola is a Portuguese beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Portugal 2005. She represented her country to the Miss World 2005 pageant in Sanya, China and Miss Earth 2005 in Quezon City, Philippines, respectively. Spinola, who grew up in Cape Verde, was a student in Setúbal, Portugal.

Miss World 2005
Miss World 2005, the 55th edition of the Miss World pageant, was held on 10 December 2005 at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China. María Julia Mantilla of Peru crowned her successor Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir of Iceland. 102 contestants from all over the world competed for the crown. All contestants competed in three "fast track" events, Beach Beauty, Miss Talent, and Beauty With a Purpose contests. The winner of each competition immediately became one of the fifteen pageant semi-finalists. She became the third Icelandic woman to win Miss World since Hólmfríður Karlsdóttir in Miss World 1985 and Linda Pétursdóttir in Miss World 1988.
Michael Nonbo
Michael Nonbo (16 November 1973) is a Danish former professional football player, who played 355 games and scored 14 goals in the Danish Superliga from 1991 to 2006, representing Næstved IF, AGF, Viborg FF, and SønderjyskE. He played 16 games and scored three goals for the Denmark national under-21 football team from November 1993 to October 1995.

Aarhus Gymnastikforening
Aarhus Gymnastikforening (Danish: [ˈɒːˌhuˀs kymnaˈstikfʌˌe̝ˀne̝ŋ]; commonly known as AGF Danish: [æke̝ˀˈef]) is a professional sports club based in Aarhus, Jutland, Denmark. Founded in 1880, it is one of the oldest clubs in the country where gymnastics and fencing were featured as its main sports. However, AGF is mostly known for its football department, which was established in 1902. The club's first team plays in the Danish Superliga, the top flight of the Danish football league system.

AGF has won five Danish Football Championships and nine Danish Cups. In 1961, AGF reached the quarter-finals of the European Cup where they were knocked out by later winners, Benfica. In 1989, AGF again reached a European quarter-final, this time in the European Cup Winners' Cup, where they lost 1–0 on aggregate to later winners FC Barcelona.
They won the Atlantic Cup twice, in 2018 and 2020.
Sweet Bunch
Sweet Bunch (Greek: Γλυκιά Συμμορία, romanized: Glykia Symmoria) is a 1983 Greek dramatic experimental independent underground art film directed by Nikos Nikolaidis. The film, produced by Vergeti Brothers and the Greek Film Center, is the second part of the "Years of Cholera" trilogy beginning with The Wretches Are Still Singing (1979) and ending with The Loser Takes It All (2002) which deals with the last decades of the twentieth century. The original Greek title directly references the Greek title of the 1969 Sam Peckinpah film The Wild Bunch (Greek: Άγρια Συμμορία, romanized: Agria Symmoria). The film uses as background music the 1958 song "Sugartime" written by Charlie Phillips and Odis Echols as well as the 1940 song "Sweet Mara" (Greek: «Γλυκιά Μαράτα,» tr. "Glykia Marata") composed by Leo Rapitis to lyrics by Kostas Kofiniotis which was performed by Kakia Mendri. It was distributed by the Greek Film Center in Greece and by Restless Wind abroad.

Underground film
An underground film is a film that is out of the mainstream either in its style, genre or financing.

Notable examples include
John Waters' Pink Flamingos,
David Lynch's Eraserhead, 
Andy Warhol's Blue Movie,
Rosa von Praunheim's Tally Brown, New York,
Frank Henenlotter's Basket Case,
Nikos Nikolaidis' Singapore Sling, 
Rinse Dreams' Café Flesh, and
Jörg Buttgereit's Nekromantik.
Olumide Ojerinde
Olumide Ojerinde is a Nigerian politician. He was a member of the Federal House of Representatives, representing Orelope/Irepo/Olorunsogo federal constituency of Oyo State in the 9th National Assembly.

National Assembly (Nigeria)
The National Assembly of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a bicameral legislature established under section 4 of the Constitution of Nigeria The body consists of 109 members of the Senate and 360 members from the House of Representatives; There are three senators from each of the States of Nigeria and one senator representing the Federal Capital Territory and single-member district, plurality voting in the House of Representatives.
Japan at Nature's Edge
Japan at Nature's Edge: The Environmental Context of a Global Power is an anthology of non-fiction essays relating to the relationship between human society and nature in Japan. Published in 2013 by the University of Hawaiʻi Press, it was edited by Ian Jared Miller, Julia Adeney Thomas, and Brett L. Walker.  The essays were written by Daniel P. Aldrich, Jakobina Arch, Andrew Bernstein, Philip C. Brown, Timothy S. George, Jeffrey E. Hanes, David L. Howell, Federico Marcon, Christine L. Marran, Ian Jared Miller, Micah Muscolino, Ken’ichi Miyamoto, Sara B. Pritchard, Julia Adeney Thomas, Karen Thornber, William M. Tsutsui, Brett L. Walker, and Takehiro Watanabe.

Timothy S. George
Timothy S. George is a Professor of History and Chair of the University of Rhode Island Department of History. He specializes in Postwar Japanese history, Citizen-corporation-state relations in Japan from Meiji through Shōwa, local history, and environmental history. A Fulbright Scholar, George's research has been reviewed in Environmental History, The Journal of Asian Studies, Social Science Japan Journal, and the Journal of Japanese Studies. He is a faculty affiliate of Harvard University's Program on U.S.-Japan Relations.
Engebretson
Engebretson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Burger M. Engebretson (1896–1981), American politician

George Engebretson (1890–1961), American politician

Heather Engebretson (born 1990), American lyric soprano

Julius M. Engebretson (1864–1937), American politician and businessman

Mark Engebretson (born 1964), American saxophonist and composer

Julius M. Engebretson
Julius M. Engebretson (December 25, 1864 – August 31, 1937) was an American politician, businessman, and farmer.

Engebretson was born in the town of Wiota, Lafayette County, Wisconsin. He was the son of Mathias Engebretson (1838–1926) and  Guri Smedsrud Engebretson (1839–1912), both immigrants from Norway. Engebretson was a farmer and was involved with the Lafayette Mutual Fire Insurance Company. Engebretson served in the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1913 to 1919 and was a Republican. Later, he was involved with the Wisconsin Progressive Party. His son was George Engebretson who served in the Wisconsin State Senate. Engebretson died at his home in Wiota, Wisconsin.
Fairwood, Swansea
The electoral ward of Fairwood, City and County of Swansea, Wales, UK consists of some or all of the following areas: Dunvant, Upper Killay, Poundffald and Three Crosses in the parliamentary constituency of Gower.

The ward is bounded by the wards of Gower and Pennard to the south west; Penclawdd to the north west; Gowerton to the north east; Dunvant and Killay to the east; Mayals to the south west and Bishopston to the south.

The village of Upper Killay is located in the Fairwood ward about 3.5 miles west of Swansea City Centre.

Dunvant
Dunvant (Welsh: Dyfnant, Dyfn 'deep' and nant 'stream or brook') is a suburban district and community in the City and County of Swansea, Wales, and falls within the Dunvant ward. It is situated in a valley some 4.5 miles west of Swansea city centre.
The population as of the 2011 census was 4,383. It adjoins the area of Killay.
UFL Division 2
The United Football League Division 2, often referred to as UFL Division 2 or UFL 2, was the second-tier association football league in the Philippines. During its existence, it is the second-highest division of football in the Philippines after UFL Division 1. Each year, the winner of the league gets an automatic promotion to the latter. The second placer, on the other hand, goes against the ninth placer of the first division in a two-legged playoff.

UFL Division 2 was introduced for the 2010 season. For the 2015 season, Ceres and Manila Jeepney were promoted to compete in the country's top-flight division. Due to its inability to comply with the league's foreigner cap rule, Manila Nomads volunteered to step down from UFL Division 1 before the start of the 2014 season. Thus, Manila Jeepney was also automatically promoted to the first division.

The league was scrapped after the 2015 season with the 2016 season to push through with only a single division.

Pachanga Diliman F.C.
Pachanga Diliman Football Club was a Filipino association football club based in Diliman, Quezon City that played in the United Football League, the highest level of Philippine club football. It was founded in 1998 as Pachanga Football Club by then owner Alfredo Razon Gonzalez. In 2012, Pachanga was sold to the owners of Diliman Football Club, who then merged the two clubs.
Subačius Gate
Subačius Gate was arguably one of the most important gates in the city of Vilnius, leading strategic way to Vitebsk, Polock, Smolensk and Moscow. The gate was first mentioned in 1528 and reconstructed in the 17th century, forming a seamless defensive line in the southeast of Vilnius. It was noted for tremendous fortification as it not only had upper firing shells but also machicolations.

The gate was demolished on May 27, 1801 under Russian magistrate command. Some gate bricks were used for barracks furnaces and merchants palace reconstruction. Only small amount of gate foundations have remained until nowadays.

Vitebsk
Vitebsk or Vitsyebsk is a city in north-eastern Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Vitebsk Region and Vitebsk District, though it is administratively separated from the district. As of 2025, it has 358,927 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth-largest city. It is served by Vitebsk Vostochny Airport and Vitebsk Air Base.