hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Selex RAN-40L
Selex RAN-40L is a naval 3D L band search radar developed by Leonardo. The radar is used for long range maritime air surveillance and early warning. The radar uses a fully solid state active phased array antenna and capable of tracking and detecting air targets like aircraft or drones up to 400 km away. RAN-40L is based on existing land based 3D RAT-31DL radar which is a system widely used by NATO Countries for long air surveillance.

The radar functions include Track While Scan for air and surface long-range surveillance and missile tracking . Radar coverage is obtained by phase scanning in elevation, while mechanically rotating in azimuth. The antenna rotates at 6rpm or 12rpm, with 360° azimuth coverage.

Track while scan
Track-while-scan (TWS) is a mode of radar operation in which the radar allocates part of its power to tracking a target or targets (up to forty with modern radar) while part of its power is allocated to scanning. It is similar to but functions differently in comparison to its counterparts range-while-search (RWS), long range search (LRS), air combat mode (ACM), velocity search with ranging (VSR) and combined radar mode (CRM). In track-while-scan mode the radar has the ability to acquire and lock/track multiple targets while simultaneously providing a view of the surrounding airspace, which in turn aids the pilot and or operator in maintaining better situational awareness.
AsiaSat
Asia Satellite Telecommunications Company Limited (AsiaSat) is a Hong Kong–based commercial operator of communications satellites founded in 1988. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Asia Satellite Telecommunications Holdings Limited (AsiaSat Holdings), which is incorporated in Bermuda.

AsiaSat Holdings is jointly owned by Chinese state-owned CITIC Limited and private equity fund The Carlyle Group L.P. indirectly. It had a market capitalisation of HK$2 billion on 30 November 2018. It was a red chip company of the stock exchange. On 23 August 2019, the take private proposal scheme was approved by AsiaSat Holdings' public shareholders, followed by the approval of the Bermuda Court on 3 September 2019, whereupon The company became a private wholly owned subsidiary of Bowenvale Limited, a joint venture of CITIC and Carlyle. The listing of the company's shares was withdrawn from the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong on 5 September 2019.

Red chip
Red chip stocks (Chinese: 红筹股; pinyin: hóng chóu gǔ; Jyutping: hung4 chau4 gu2) are the stocks of mainland China companies incorporated outside mainland China (often Hong Kong or a British Overseas Territory) and listed in the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. It refers to businesses based in mainland China and with (majority) shares controlled either directly or indirectly by a government body. This controlling entity could be one or more combinations of the central, provincial or municipal mainland government, with the company listed in Hong Kong to allow private and overseas investment.

The term was coined by Hong Kong economist Alex Tang in 1992 and combines blue chip stocks with "red" representing the socialist economic philosophy of the People's Republic of China.
Top-p sampling
Top-p sampling, also known as nucleus sampling, is a stochastic decoding strategy for generating sequences from autoregressive probabilistic models. It was originally proposed by Ari Holtzman, Yejin Choi and colleagues in 2019 for natural language generation to address the issue of repetitive and nonsensical text generated by other common decoding methods like beam search. The technique has since been applied in other scientific fields, such as protein engineering and geophysics.

In top-p sampling, a probability threshold p is set, and the next item in a sequence is sampled only from the smallest possible set of high-probability candidates whose cumulative probability exceeds p. This method adapts the size of the candidate pool based on the model's certainty, making it more flexible than top-k sampling, which samples from a fixed number of candidates. Due to its effectiveness, top-p sampling is a widely used technique in many large language model applications.

Stochastic
Stochastic (/stəˈkæstɪk/; from Ancient Greek  στόχος (stókhos) 'aim, guess') is the property of being well-described by a random probability distribution. Stochasticity and randomness are technically distinct concepts. Stochasticity refers to a modeling approach, while randomness describes phenomena. These terms are often used interchangeably. In probability theory, the formal concept of a stochastic process is also referred to as a random process.

Stochasticity is used in many different fields, including actuarial science, image processing, signal processing, computer science, information theory, telecommunications, chemistry, ecology, neuroscience, physics, and cryptography. It is also used in finance, medicine, linguistics,  music, media, colour theory,  botany, manufacturing and geomorphology.
Fagopyrin
Fagopyrin is a phototoxic substance found in the flowers of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum). Their chemical structure contains a naphthodianthrone skeleton similar to that of hypericin. After exposure, fagopyrin can cause sensitivity to light, also called fagopyrism, an itchy skin rash.

Phototoxicity
Phototoxicity, also called photoirritation, is a chemically induced skin irritation, requiring light, that does not involve the immune system. It is a type of photosensitivity.

The skin response resembles an exaggerated sunburn. The involved chemical may enter into the skin by topical administration, or it may reach the skin via systemic circulation following ingestion or parenteral administration. The chemical needs to be "photoactive," which means that when it absorbs light, the absorbed energy produces molecular changes that cause toxicity. Many synthetic compounds, including drug substances like tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones, are known to cause these effects. Surface contact with some such chemicals causes photodermatitis, and many plants cause phytophotodermatitis. Light-induced toxicity is a common phenomenon in humans; however, it also occurs in other animals.
Mu'awiya ibn al-Mughira
Muʿāwiya ibn al-Mughīra ibn Abī al-ʿĀs ibn Umayya (Arabic: معاوية بن المغيرة بن أبي العاص بن أمية) was a member of the Banu Umayya alleged to be a spy against the Muslims during the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was captured during the Invasion of Hamra al-Asad, where Muhammad accused him of being a Meccan spy, he was  the cousin of Uthman ibn Affan, had been captured after Uhud. Uthman gave him shelter. He was given a grace period of three days and arranged a camel and provisions for his return journey to Mecca.  Uthman departed with Muhammad for Hamra-al-Asad, and Muawiya overstayed his grace. Though he fled by the time the army returned, Muhammad ordered his pursuit and execution. The orders were carried out.

This incident is also mentioned in Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Hisham's biography of Muhammad.

Ibn Hisham
Abu Muhammad Abd al-Malik ibn Hisham ibn Ayyub al-Himyari (Arabic: أَبُو مُحَمَّدٌ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ, romanized: Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Hishām ibn Ayyūb al-Ḥimyarī; died 7 May 833), known simply as Ibn Hisham, was a 9th-century Abbasid historian and scholar. He grew up in Basra, in modern-day Iraq and later moved to Egypt.
Themistokli Dervi Avenue
Themistokli Dervi Avenue (Greek: Λεωφόρος θεμιστοκλή Δέρβη, Turkish: Themistokli Dervi Caddesi), is a major shopping street located in the centre of Nicosia, Cyprus. The avenue hosts a number of internationally prestigious brands. It also includes numerous cafeterias and restaurants. It also hosts the headquarters of Piraeus Bank Cyprus (formerly Arab Bank).

Arab Bank
Arab Bank is a Jordanian bank that is one of the largest financial institutions in the Middle East.  It is headquartered today in Amman, Jordan, and operates as a universal bank that serves clients in more than 600 branches spanning five continents. Arab Bank is a publicly held shareholding company listed on the Amman Stock Exchange.

The bank is a major economic engine in Jordan and throughout the Middle East and North Africa region, providing banking services and capital, and facilitating development and trade throughout the region. According to its website in 2018, the bank was the highest-ranked by market capitalization, and represented approximately 25% of the Amman Stock Exchange.

U.S. appellate courts have ruled in the bank's favor in several lawsuits filed in the 2000s alleging its involvement in facilitating the funding of terrorist organizations.
Don't Make Me Come Over There and Love You
"Don't Make Me Come Over There and Love You" is a song written by Jim Lauderdale and Carter Wood, and recorded by American country music artist George Strait. It was released in November 2000 as the second single from his self-titled album. The song reached #17 in the United States.

Jim Lauderdale
James Russell Lauderdale (born April 11, 1957) is an American country, bluegrass, and Americana singer-songwriter. Since 1986, he has released 31 studio albums, including collaborations with artists such as Dr. Ralph Stanley, Buddy Miller, and Donna the Buffalo. A "songwriter's songwriter," his songs have been recorded by dozens of artists, notably George Strait, Gary Allan, Elvis Costello, Blake Shelton, the Dixie Chicks, Vince Gill, and Patty Loveless.
Dave's Picks Volume 44
Dave's Picks Volume 44 is a three-CD live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead. It contains the complete concert recorded at Autzen Stadium in Eugene, Oregon on June 23, 1990. Also included is a performance of "Cold Rain and Snow" from the band's December 26, 1969 concert, which was omitted from the previous Dave's Picks release due to lack of space.  It was released on October 28, 2022, in a limited edition of 25,000 copies.

This concert was the first of a two-night stand in Eugene.  The opening act for both shows was Little Feat.

Bill Kreutzmann
William Kreutzmann Jr. (/ˈkrɔɪtsmɑːn/ KROYTS-mahn; born May 7, 1946) is an American drummer and founding member of the rock band Grateful Dead. He played with the band for its entire thirty-year career, usually alongside fellow drummer Mickey Hart, and has continued to perform with former members of the Grateful Dead in various lineups, and with his own bands BK3, 7 Walkers and Billy & the Kids.
Janet Perr
Janet Perr is an art director, graphic designer, author and illustrator.

She has designed record covers, advertisements, posters, CD packages and book covers and is now the creator of the books Yiddish For Dogs (Hyperion, Sept. 2007) and Yiddish For Babies (Simon & Schuster 2009).

Perr won a Grammy Award for the art direction and design of Cyndi Lauper's debut album She's So Unusual. She has worked with artists such as The Rolling Stones, Run-DMC and Devo. She has also been acknowledged with numerous art directors awards and her work has been featured in the books "Designing For Music" and "1001 Covers".

She attended the Tyler School of Art in Philadelphia and subsequently moved to New York City, where she was a designer at CBS Records and then associate art director at Rolling Stone magazine. She has been an art direction and design freelancer since 1981.

Tyler School of Art and Architecture
The Tyler School of Art and Architecture, frequently referred to by community members as simply Tyler, is part of Temple University, a large, urban, public research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Tyler currently enrolls about 1,350 undergraduate students and about 200 graduate students in a wide variety of academic degree programs, including architecture, art education, art history, art therapy, ceramics, city and regional planning, community arts practices, community development, facilities management, fibers and material studies, glass, graphic and interactive design, historic preservation, horticulture, landscape architecture, metals/jewelry/CAD-CAM, painting, photography, printmaking, sculpture and visual studies.

Susan E. Cahan, has been Tyler's dean since 2017. It was formerly known as the Stella Elkins Tyler School of Fine Arts, and Tyler School of Art.
Poor But Honest
Poor But Honest (Spanish: Pobre, pero honrada!) is a 1973 Mexican comedy film directed by Fernando Cortés and starring María Elena Velasco, Fernando Soler and Norma Lazareno. It was made at the Estudios América. It was one of a series of films featuring Velasco as the comic character La India María.

La India María
"La India María" (born María Nicolasa Cruz) is a fictional character portrayed and created by actress María Elena Velasco. The character frequently endures situations of racial discrimination, classism, and corruption, although in all of these turmoils, María undoubtedly resolves them with hilarious acts of good-nature and morality. She has represented the poor indigenous, the migrant worker, the forsaken woman, and even free-spirited nuns for over 30 years. She has been the lead character in 16 films and in a spin-off television series entitled, Ay María Qué Puntería. Most recently, the character has appeared in cameo appearances in the television programs Mujer, casos de la vida real and La Familia Peluche.
Caloptilia hypericella
Caloptilia hypericella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Canada (Québec) and the United States (Cincinnati, Ohio, Kentucky, Michigan and West Virginia).

The wingspan is about 8 mm.

The larvae feed on Hypericum cistifolium, Hypericum punctatum and Hypericum sphaerocarpum. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Hypericum punctatum
Hypericum punctatum, the spotted St. John's wort, is a perennial herb native to North America. The yellow-flowered herb occurs throughout eastern North America into southern Canada. The process of microsporogenesis carried out by this plant is prone to errors in chromosomal segregation. It has a diploid number of 14 or 16. Insects are attracted to the plant's pollen and the hypericin in the plant's leaves is toxic to mammals.
Anthony Wells
Christianity portal

Anthony Martin Giffard  Wells (born 1942) was Archdeacon of France from 2002 to 2006.

Wells was educated at the Open University and  St John's College, Nottingham; and ordained deacon in 1974 and priest in 1975. After a curacy in Orpington he was Priest in charge at Odell then Pavenham. He was Rural Dean of Sharnbrook from 1981 to 1986; and Rector of Angmering from 1986 to 1998.  He then served at Paris and Gibraltar.

Odell, Bedfordshire
Odell is a small village and civil parish in the Borough of Bedford, north Bedfordshire, England, approximately 7 miles (11 km) north-west of Bedford town centre, near the villages of Harrold, Felmersham, Sharnbrook and Carlton.
Alan Jouban
Alan Michael Jouban (born November 25, 1982) is an American retired professional mixed martial artist who competed in the Welterweight division. A professional competitor from 2010 to 2021, Jouban has also formerly competed for the Ultimate Fighting Championship, Shark Fights, RFA and Tachi Palace Fights.

Legacy Fighting Alliance
The Legacy Fighting Alliance (LFA) is an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion company based in Houston, Texas. It was created as a result of the Legacy Fighting Championship and Resurrection Fighting Alliance merger in 2016.
Pagak offensive
The Pagak offensive was a major military operation by the South Sudanese government during the South Sudanese Civil War with the aim of capturing the strategic town of Pagak and the wider Maiwut County from Riek Machar's SPLM-IO rebels. Since the civil war's beginning, Pagak had served as headquarters and stronghold for the rebels, and its loss was believed to possibly greatly weaken the insurgency. A large part of the government forces that took part in the offensive are members of the SPLM-IO (Juba faction), a break-away group from Machar's movement that is loyal to First Vice President Taban Deng Gai. Though pro-government forces managed to capture Pagak on 6 August, their attempts to secure the surrounding areas proved unsuccessful. As result, the SPLA-held corridor between Mathiang and Pagak remained unsafe.

Maiwut
8°36′00″N 33°55′00″E﻿ / ﻿8.6°N 33.9166667°E﻿ / 8.6; 33.9166667

Maiwut is a city in the Maiwut County of Upper Nile State, in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan.

Located on the border between Ethiopia and South Sudan, Maiwut is near some of the historical places in Southern Sudanese struggle, like the Bilpham SPLA military headquarters, The Itang and Punyido refugees camps and the Bonga military training camps.
Gonocephalus inauris
Gonocephalus inauris is a species of agamid lizard. G. inauris is found in Indonesia. This species can grow to be 134 millimeters long. The holotype (MZB 15389) of Gonocephalus inauris was found sleeping on a leaf.

Agamidae
Agamidae is a family containing 582 species in 64 genera of iguanian lizards indigenous to Africa, Asia, Australia, and a few locations in Southern Europe. Many species are commonly called dragons or dragon lizards.
Bromarv
Bromarv (Finland Swedish: [ˈbroːmɑrv, ˈbruː-]; Finnish: Bromarv) is a village and former municipality of Finland comprising the former municipalities Tenala together with the town of Ekenäs. It was merged with Pohja and Karis to form the new municipality of Raseborg on January 1, 2009.

Bromarv was located in the province of Southern Finland and was part of the Uusimaa region. The port town of Hanko is located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of Bromarv.

The town was bilingual, with the majority being Swedish speakers (91,7%).

It is noted for its archipelago, part of which is the Raseborgs västra skärgård.

The municipality is home to the historical Riilahti Manor and the Battle of Gangut War Memorials.

Southern Finland Province
Southern Finland (Finnish: Etelä-Suomen lääni, Swedish: Södra Finlands län) was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2009. It bordered the provinces of Western Finland and Eastern Finland. It also bordered the Gulf of Finland and Russia.
Reg Luckhurst
Reginald Thomas Luckhurst (born 11 November 1935) is a former international motorcycle speedway rider from England. He earned four international caps for the England national speedway team and seven caps for the Great Britain team.

Great Britain national speedway team
The Great Britain national speedway team (formerly the England speedway team) is one of the major teams in international motorcycle speedway. The team is managed by former Great Britain riders Oliver Allen and Simon Stead, and captained by the Tai Woffinden.

The team raced as England from 1928 to 1961 and again from 1974 to 2000. They have raced as Great Britain from 1962 to 1973 and since 2001.
Frank Campeau
Frank Campeau (December 14, 1864 – November 5, 1943) was an American actor. He appeared in more than 90 films between 1911 and 1940 and made many appearances in films starring Douglas Fairbanks.

On Broadway, Campeau appeared in The Virginian (1904), Believe Me, Xantippe (1913), The Ghost Breaker (1913), and Rio Grande (1916). Campeau's screen debut came in the one-reel western film Kit Carson's Wooing.

He was born in Detroit, Michigan, and died in the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles.

Motion Picture & Television Fund
The Motion Picture & Television Fund (MPTF) is a charitable organization that offers assistance and care to those in the motion picture and television industries and their families with limited or no resources, including services such as temporary financial assistance, case management, and residential living.
Dear Pen Pal
"Dear Pen Pal" is a humorous, epistolary science-fiction short story by the Canadian-American writer A. E. van Vogt, originally published in the Winter 1949 issue of The Arkham Sampler.

The story was republished (as "Letter from the Stars") in the July 1950 issue of Out of This World Adventures. One of van Vogt's most popular short pieces, it was first collected in 1951's Far Boundaries; it subsequently appeared in many anthologies, including 1952's Destination: Universe!, the 1957 Ace Double The Earth in Peril, and 2010's The Arkham Sampler: A Facsimile Edition.

Out of This World Adventures
Out of This World Adventures was an American pulp magazine which published two issues, in July and December 1950.  It included several pages of comics as well as science fiction stories.  It was edited by Donald A. Wollheim and published by Avon.  Sales were weak, and after two issues Avon decided to cancel it.
Janet Heenan
Janet Heenan (born July 29, 1969) is a former New Zealand rugby union player. She played for the Black Ferns and Northland. She made her debut for New Zealand on 31 August 1996 against Australia at Sydney. She was selected for the 1998 Women's Rugby World Cup squad.

Northland Rugby Union
The Northland Rugby Union is the governing body for rugby union in Northland, New Zealand; Northland is a region of New Zealand that covers areas in the districts of Far North, Kaipara, Whangārei, as well as Wellsford and Tomarata in Auckland Region. Established in 1920, they represent the Bunnings NPC side, Northland Taniwha, and Farah Palmer Cup side, Northland Kauri. It is also affiliated with the Blues Super Rugby franchise. Their home playing colours are a sky blue (Pantone 284) and they play their home games at Semenoff Stadium in Morningside.
Kashiwagi
Kashiwagi (written: 柏木) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Akio Kashiwagi (柏木 昭男), Japanese businessman

Dean T. Kashiwagi (1952–2025), American economist

Hiroaki Kashiwagi (born 1982), Japanese curler

Hiroshi Kashiwagi (1922–2019), Japanese-American poet, playwright and actor

Kumiko Kashiwagi (柏木 久美子, born 1978), Japanese alpine skier

Shinsuke Kashiwagi (柏木 真介, born 1981), Japanese basketball player

Soji Kashiwagi (born 1962), American journalist and playwright

Yōsuke Kashiwagi (柏木 陽介, born 1987), Japanese footballer

Yuki Kashiwagi (柏木 由紀, born 1991), Japanese idol and singer

Yukiko Kashiwagi (柏木 由紀子, born 1947), Japanese actress

Shinsuke Kashiwagi
Shinsuke Kashiwagi (柏木 真介、born December 22, 1981) is a Japanese professional basketball player. He plays for the SeaHorses Mikawa of the B.League. 
Kashiwagi was a member of the Japan national basketball team.  He played for the team in the 2006 FIBA World Championship and the FIBA Asia Championship 2007 and FIBA Asia Championship 2009.

In the 2009-10 season, Kashiwagi entered the month-long winter break averaging 13.7 points and 3.5 assists per game for the Seahorses.  He was named to the West squad for the 2009-10 JBL Super League All-Star game.
Izaac Williams
Izaac Williams (born 13 October 1989) is a New Zealand professional basketball player for the Southland Sharks of the National Basketball League (NBL). Born in Invercargill, Southland, Williams had a promising career in squash before turning to basketball.

Williams was part of the Southland Sharks squad in 2010 and 2011. On debut for the Sharks, he recorded four points, one assist and one steal in an 80–63 win over the Otago Nuggets.

Williams returned to the Sharks squad for the 2016 New Zealand NBL season, but did not appear in any games for the team.

Otago Nuggets
The Otago Nuggets are a New Zealand professional men's basketball team based in Dunedin. The Nuggets compete in the National Basketball League (NBL) and play their home games at the Edgar Centre. For sponsorship reasons, they are known as the Night 'n Day Otago Nuggets.