hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Podocarpus confertus
Podocarpus confertus is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae. It is endemic to Borneo.

Podocarpus confertus grows in kerangas forest on poor, sandy soils and in stunted forest on ultrabasic rocks, from 100 and 1,200 meters elevation. It can form dense stands, or grow in mixed forests with other coniferous and broadleaf trees and shrubs.

Sundaland heath forests
The Sundaland heath forests, also known as Kerangas forest, is a type of tropical moist forest found on the island of Borneo, which is divided between Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia, as well as on the Indonesian islands of Belitung and Bangka, which lie to the west of Borneo.
Old Man Trump
"Old Man Trump" is a song with lyrics written by American folk singer-songwriter Woody Guthrie in 1954. The song describes the racist housing practices and discriminatory rental policies of his landlord, Fred Trump, father of the current United States President Donald Trump. In January 2016, Will Kaufman, a Guthrie scholar and professor of American literature and culture at the University of Lancashire, unearthed the handwritten lyrics while conducting research at the Woody Guthrie Archives in Tulsa, Oklahoma. There are no known Guthrie recordings of this song.

University of Lancashire
The University of Lancashire is a public university based in the city of Preston, Lancashire, England. It has its roots in The Institution For The Diffusion Of Useful Knowledge, founded in 1828. Previously known as the University of Central Lancashire, Harris Art College, Preston Polytechnic and Lancashire Polytechnic, in 1992 it was granted university status by the Privy Council. The university is the 19th largest in the UK in terms of student numbers.

In December 2024, the university received approval from the Office for Students to change its name to the University of Lancashire, with the rebrand intended to come into effect by September 2025, despite concerns over confusion from the University of Lancaster.
A Day in Turkey
A Day in Turkey is a 1791 comedy by the English author Hannah Cowley. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London on 3 December 1791. The original cast included Joseph George Holman as Ibrahim, William Farren as Orloff, John Fawcett as A La Greque, Joseph Shepherd Munden as Mustapha, William Cubitt as Azim, Charles Incledon as Selim, William Macready as Muley, Charles Farley as Ismael, James Thompson as Old Man, Jane Pope as Alexina, Harriet Pye Esten as Paulina, Isabella Mattocks as Lauretta and Margaret Martyr as Fatima. The Irish premiere took place at the Crow Street Theatre in Dublin on 16 May 1792

Joseph Shepherd Munden
Joseph Shepherd Munden (1758 – 6 February 1832) was an English actor.

He had a long provincial experience as actor and manager. His first London appearance was in 1790 at Covent Garden, where he mostly remained until 1811, becoming a leading comedian. In 1813 he was at Drury Lane. He retired in 1824.
Achieved
Achieved (13 May 1979 – 1993) was an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He won four of his nine races in a track career which lasted from July 1981 to September 1982. As a two-year-old he was undefeated in three starts including the Phoenix Stakes and the Champagne Stakes and was rated the best horse of his generation in Ireland. In the following year he won the Tetrarch Stakes and later finished third in both the Sussex Stakes and the Queen Elizabeth II Stakes. He was retired at the end of the year to become a breeding stallion but had no success as a sire of winners.

Phoenix Stakes
The Phoenix Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to two-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in August.
Moses J. Doucet
Moses J. Doucet (February 19, 1862 – July 29, 1906) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Inverness County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1897 to 1906 as a Liberal member. His surname also appears as Doucette in some sources.

He was of Acadian origin, the son of Magloire Doucet and Sophie Broussard. Doucet was married twice: to Eliza J. Coody in 1885 and to Harriet Ann LeBlanc, the daughter of Anselm LeBlanc, in 1891. He served on the council for Inverness County from 1889 to 1896. Doucet lived in Arichat.

Inverness County, Nova Scotia
Inverness County is a historical county and census division of Nova Scotia, Canada located on Cape Breton Island. Local government is provided by the Municipality of the County of Inverness, the town of Port Hawkesbury and the Whycocomagh 2 Waycobah First Nation reserve.
Tert-Butyl iodide
tert-Butyl iodide (systematic name 2-iodo-2-methylpropane) is an organoiodine compound with the formula Me3CI (Me = methyl). The molecule features a tert-butyl group attached to a iodide substituent.

This chemical is used as a precursor for the tert-butyl radical in various organic chemical reactions. It can also serve as an electrophile in many types of reactions. Examples include for conversion of amino acids to their tert-butyl esters under mild conditions, Heck reactions and electrophilic aromatic substitutions. In combination with DMSO and an additional oxidizing agent such as iodine, it can convert aryl-methyl groups to the corresponding aryl aldehydes. The reaction is postulated to proceed via generation of an intermediate alkoxysulfonium species.

Organoiodine chemistry
Organoiodine chemistry is the study of the synthesis and properties of organoiodine compounds, or organoiodides, organic compounds that contain one or more carbon–iodine bonds.  They occur widely in organic chemistry, but are relatively rare in nature.  The thyroxine hormones are organoiodine compounds that are required for health and the reason for government-mandated iodization of salt.
Werner Krolikowski
Werner Krolikowski (12 March 1928 – 27 November 2016) was a German politician and high-ranking party functionary of the Socialist Unity Party (SED).

In the German Democratic Republic, he served as the First Secretary of the SED in Bezirk Dresden and was a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the SED. In the 1970s and in the late 1980s, he was a member of the Central Committee Secretariat, as powerful Economy and Agriculture Secretary respectively. Krolikowski, alongside Willi Stoph and Erich Mielke, was regarded as belonging to the pro-Moscow faction of the Politburo.

Bezirk Dresden
The Bezirk Dresden was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany that lasted from 1952 to 1990. Dresden would be reabsorbed into Saxony after the reunification of Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Dresden.
Fernando Amorebieta
Fernando Gabriel Amorebieta Mardaras (born 29 March 1985) is a Venezuelan former professional footballer who played as a central defender.

He spent most of his career with Athletic Bilbao, appearing in 254 competitive matches over eight La Liga seasons and scoring four goals. He also competed professionally in England (with Fulham and Middlesbrough), Argentina and Paraguay.

Internationally, Amorebieta played for Spain (where he spent most of his early life) at youth level, but later decided to represent his country of birth Venezuela as a senior, appearing for the nation at the 2015 Copa América.

Arenas Club de Getxo
Arenas Club de Getxo is a Spanish football club based in the town of Getxo, near Bilbao, in the autonomous community of Basque Country. Founded in 1909, it currently plays in Primera Federación – Group 1, holding home games at Campo Municipal de Gobela, with a 2,000-seat capacity. They were winners of the 1919 Copa del Rey, beating FC Barcelona 5–2.

It was among the pioneering clubs of Spanish football, and in 1928 was a founding member of La Liga, alongside neighbouring Athletic Bilbao, Real Sociedad and Real Unión.  Only Real Unión has remained a consistent rival since then due to both of their downfalls from the top flight.
Education Act
Education Act (with its variations) is a stock short title used for legislation in Australia, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia, New Zealand, Ontario, the United Kingdom and the United States that relates to education. The Bill for an Act with this short title will have been known as an Education Bill during its passage through Parliament.

The Education Acts may be a generic name either for legislation bearing that short title or for all legislation which relates to education.

Legislation
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business. Legislation can have many purposes: to regulate, to authorize, to outlaw, to provide (funds), to sanction, to grant, to declare, or to restrict. It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act.
Bangera
Bangera (Marathi: बंगेरा) is a Marathi surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Damodar Bangera (fl. 1940s), Indian freedom fighter

Devaraj Bangera (fl. 2004–2009), Indian bishop

K. Vasantha Bangera (1946–2024), Indian politician

Devaraj Bangera
Christianity portal

Devaraj Bangera was the fourth Anglican Bishop - in - Karnataka Southern Diocese of Church of South India.  It was on 9 October 2004 that Bangera was consecrated as Bishop - in - Karnataka Southern Diocese headquartered in Mangalore at Shanthi Cathedral, Mangalore by then Moderator, B. P. Sugandhar and Deputy Moderator, S. Vasantha Kumar in the presence of Christopher Asir, D. P. Shettian and C. L. Furtado.

Devaraj studied at the Karnataka Theological College, Mangalore during the Principalship of Robert Scheuermeier and submitted a thesis entitled Evangelization among the Muslims in 1967 leading to a Licentiate in Theology.
Ryan Pinney
Ryan Pinney (born November 10, 1980) is an American para-cyclist who represented the United States at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in the mixed team relay H1–5 event and won a bronze medal.

Pinney earlier served as an aerial refueler in the United States Air Force and the Arizona National Guard for 14 years. He broke his back while BMX riding in 2012, leaving him paralyzed from the waist down and with a new aspiration.

BMX
BMX, an abbreviation for bicycle motocross or bike motocross, is a cycle sport performed on BMX bikes, either in competitive BMX racing or freestyle BMX, or else in general street or off-road recreation.
1301 Avenue of the Americas
1301 Avenue of the Americas (also known as the Crédit Agricole CIB Building, formerly the Crédit Lyonnais Building and the J.C. Penney Building) is a 609 ft (186m) tall skyscraper in Manhattan, New York City. It is located on the west side of Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas) between 52nd and 53rd Streets.

Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank
Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank (Crédit Agricole CIB), known as Crédit Agricole Indosuez from 1996 to 2004 and as Calyon from 2004 to 2010, is the corporate and investment banking entity of the Crédit Agricole banking and financial services group, based in Montrouge near Paris, France.

Crédit Agricole CIB is active in a broad range of capital markets, investment banking and financing activities. Clients are primarily corporates, governments, and banks, with a small footprint in the investor segment.
Arakkulam
Arakkulam  is a village in Idukki district in the Indian state of Kerala.It is 19 kilometres (12 mi) from Thodupuzha which is the gateway to the high ranges of Kerala. Thodupuzha-Idukki road goes through this village.  Arakulam is enriched with the Moovattupuzha River, the tail end of the Moolamattom Hydro Electric Power station, and where the Malankara Dam is located.

Muvattupuzha
Muvattupuzha ([muʋɐːt̺ːupuɻɐ]) is a municipality in the Ernakulam district of Kerala, India. It is located 35 km (21.7 mi) east of the district headquarters in Thrikkakara and about 204 km (126.8 mi) north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. As per the 2011 Indian census, Muvattupuzha has a population of 30,397 people, out of which 15,010 are males and 15,387 are females and a population density of 2,306/km2 (5,970/sq mi).

Muvattupuzha is bordered by the Kottayam district on the southern side and the Idukki district on the eastern side. Muvattupuzha lies on the intersection between MC Road and National Highway 49, about 28 km (17 mi) from the district capital Ernakulam. Muvattupuzha is located 20 km (12 mi) from Thodupuzha, 17 km (11 mi) from Koothattukulam, and 5 km (3.1 mi) away from Arakuzha.
Austin Ligon
William Austin Ligon (born ca. 1951) is the co-founder and retired CEO of CarMax. He retired in June 2006, and is now a private angel-stage investor. Among his recent investments are Gazelle, Redfin, Rev.com, Car Trade (India), Eneza Education (Kenya) and Tazza Kitchen.

CarMax
CarMax, Inc. is a used vehicle retailer based in the United States. It operates two business segments: CarMax Sales Operations and CarMax Auto Finance. The company began as a side business of Circuit City Corporation, Inc., opening its first location in September 1993 in Richmond, Virginia. As of January 2025, CarMax operates 253 locations.

While CarMax stores focus on marketing used vehicles, the company acquired its first new car franchise with Chrysler Corporation in 1996. By 1999, it added new vehicle franchises for Mitsubishi Motors, Toyota, and Nissan. In late 2021, CarMax sold its last new vehicle dealership, located in Kenosha, Wisconsin, to the Rydell Company.
Greece at the Mediterranean Games
Greece has competed at every celebration of the Mediterranean Games since the 1951 Mediterranean Games. As of 2018, Greek athletes have won a total of 809 medals. The country's ranking in the history of the Games is the 6th place.

1951 Mediterranean Games
The 1951 Mediterranean Games, officially known as the I Mediterranean Games, and commonly known as Alexandria 1951, were the 1st Mediterranean Games. The Games were held for 15 days from 5 to 20 October 1951 in Alexandria, Egypt, where 734 athletes (all men) from 10 countries participated. There were a total of 13 different sports.
Franquelin River
The Franquelin River (French: rivière Franquelin, pronounced [ʁivjɛʁ fʁɑ̃klɛ̃]) is located in the unorganized territory of Rivière-aux-Outardes and the municipality of Franquelin, in the Manicouagan Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

The Franqueline river valley is served by the route 138 which passes at its mouth. The rest of the valley is served by various forest roads for the needs of forestry and recreational tourism activities.

The surface of the Franquelin River is usually frozen from the beginning of November to the end of April, except the rapids areas; however, safe circulation on the ice is generally from late November to early April.

Côte-Nord
Côte-Nord (Region 09) (French: [kot nɔʁ], Quebec French: [kou̯t nɑɔ̯ʁ]; lit. 'North Coast') is an administrative region of Quebec, on the Quebec-Labrador Peninsula, Canada.

The region runs along the St. Lawrence River and then the Gulf of St. Lawrence, from Tadoussac to the limits of Labrador, leaning against the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean to the west, the Côte-Nord penetrates deep into Northern Quebec.

With the motto: Between nature and grandeur, the Côte-Nord is made up of 99% public land, it is the second largest region after Nord-du-Québec, which occupies 51% of Quebec's territory.
T (novel)
t   is a novel by Victor Pelevin first published in 2009.

The novel recounts the journey of the martial arts master Count T. (a reference to Leo Tolstoy), who escapes from his home persecuted by the tsarist police and makes his way to the Optina Monastery, which in the context of this novel takes on the features not of the famous monastery of Orthodoxy, but of some Shambhala, or some obscure place of spiritual enlightenment that exists in the real world.

The leitmotif of this novel-metaphor is the relationship between author and hero, creator and creature, predestination and free will.

Optina Monastery
The Optina Pustyn (Russian: Óптина пýстынь, romanized: Óptina pústyn', literally Opta's hermitage) is an Eastern Orthodox monastery for men near Kozelsk in Russia. In the 19th century, the Optina was the most important spiritual centre of the Russian Orthodox Church and served as the model for several other monasteries, including the nearby Shamordino Convent. It was particularly renowned as the centre of Russian Orthodox eldership (staretsdom).
Mehmed Necib Pasha
Mehmed Necib Pasha (died 1851), also known as Muhammad Najib Pasha or Gürcü Mehmet Necip Paşa or Necib Pasha, was an Ottoman statesman and governor of Georgian origin. He was the governor of Baghdad Eyalet, succeeding Ali Ridha Pasha (who had brought Iraq back into direct Ottoman control).

His father's name was Abdülmucib. He was married to Zeliha Hanim (died 1863) and his daughter was Fatima Hanim (died 1881), his son's was Ahmed Şükrü Bey, Cemil Bey and Mahmud Nedim Pasha, was a two-time Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire.

Baghdad Eyalet
Baghdad Eyalet (Arabic: إِيَالَةُ بَغْدَاد, Ottoman Turkish: ایالت بغداد, romanized: Eyālet-i Baġdād) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire, with Baghdad serving as the administrative capital of Ottoman Iraq (Kürsi-i Hıtta-i Irakiyye). Its reported area in the 19th century was 62,208 square miles (161,120 km2).
Sanja Nikčević
Sanja Nikčević (born 1960) is a Croatian theatre critic and distinguished professor of theatre history in the drama department of the Arts Academy of Osijek, Croatia. She is also head of the drama module of the doctoral program in literature at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Osijek (Osijek, Croatia). She is the president of the Croatian Critics' Association and Governing Board of Matica hrvatska. Nikčević lives in Zagreb, Croatia.

Osijek
Osijek (Croatian pronunciation: [ôsijeːk] ⓘ) is the largest city and the economic and cultural hub of the eastern Croatian region of Slavonia, as well as the administrative seat of Osijek-Baranja County. It is the fourth-largest city in Croatia, with a population of 96,313 recorded in the 2021 census. The city is situated on the southern bank of the Drava River, 25 km (16 mi) upstream from its confluence with the Danube, at an elevation of 94 m (308 ft). Osijek is located 16 km (10 mi) west of the Croatia–Serbia border.
Murchad mac Áedo
Murchad mac Áedo was a King of Connacht from the Uí Briúin branch of the Connachta. He reigned from 839-840.

He was of the Síl Cathail sept and great grandson of the founder of this sept Cathal mac Muiredaig (died 735). His grandfather Fogartach mac Cathail (died 789) had been a claimant to the Connacht throne. He was the first member of the Síl Cathail sept to hold the throne since 782 to be definitely recognized as king in both king lists and Irish annals. The Síl Muiredaig sept had dominated the kingship from 796-839 though his uncle, Máel Cothaid mac Fogartaig (flourished 818), may have been a co-ruler at one point.

Nothing is known of his short reign other than his death notice in the annals.

Connachta
The Connachta are a group of medieval Irish dynasties who claimed descent from the legendary High King Conn Cétchathach (Conn of the Hundred Battles). The modern western province of Connacht (Irish Cúige Chonnacht, province, literally "fifth", of the Connachta) takes its name from them, although the territories of the Connachta also included at various times parts of southern and western Ulster and northern Leinster. Their traditional capital was Cruachan (modern Rathcroghan, County Roscommon).
Rivervale, Western Australia
Rivervale is an inner eastern suburb of Perth, Western Australia. It is near the Swan River, 5 kilometres (3 mi) from the Perth central business district, and within the City of Belmont.

Rivervale was known as Barndon Hill until 1884.

City of Belmont
The City of Belmont is a local government area in the inner eastern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located about 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Perth's central business district on the south bank of the Swan River. The City covers an area of 39.8 square kilometres (15.4 sq mi), maintains 225 km of roads and had a population of approximately 42,000 as at the 2021 Census.

Belmont contains Perth's domestic and international airports  which account for 33.7% of the City of Belmont's land area.
Halah (name)
Halah (Arabic: هالة), as an Arabic name is female. It is also a Hebrew name.

Halah as a given name or a surname can be associated with:

Halah binte Wahab, one of Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim's wives

Halah bint Khuwailid, the sister of Muhammad's first wife

Other uses:

Halah, the city

"Halah", a single by Mazzy Star from their first album She Hangs Brightly

Halah
Halah (Hebrew: חֲלַח, romanized: Ḥălạḥ; Latin: Hala) is a city that is mentioned in the Bible in 2 Kings 17:6 and in 1 Chronicles 5:26. Modern historians are unsure of its location.

When Tiglath Pileser III and later Sargon II invaded the Kingdom of Israel, the Israelites were taken captive from Gilead and Samaria respectively and resettled in Halah and Gozan on the Khabur River in the Aram-Naharaim region, as well as in the towns of the Medes.

The name should not be confused with the Assyrian city of Calah nor with Cilicia (Khilikku or Khilakku, in Assyrian) in Asia Minor, but is considered to be identical with the location near Gozan referred to as Chalcitis by Ptolemy.
Tignor, Virginia
Tignor is an unincorporated community in Caroline County, in the U.S. state of Virginia. The main highway leading into it is State Route 630.  The community is at the intersection of Sparta and Tignor Roads.

Tignor had its own U.S. Post Office until the late 1960s, at which time it was then added as a Rural Route to the Milford, Virginia Post Office.  The United States Postal Service assigned the Tignor zip code as 23162.  After the Tignor Post Office was closed, the zip code remained unused for a number of years but was later assigned as the zip code for Studley, Virginia as the population in that area grew.

Caroline County, Virginia
Caroline County is a United States county located in the eastern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The northern boundary of the county borders on the Rappahannock River, notably at the historic town of Port Royal. The Caroline county seat is Bowling Green.

Caroline County was established in 1728 and was named in honor of the British queen Caroline of Ansbach. Developed in the colonial and antebellum years for tobacco and later mixed crops, worked by generations of enslaved African Americans, such agriculture gradually became less important. In the 20th century it was known for thoroughbred horse farms. It is the birthplace of the renowned racehorse Secretariat, winner of the 1973 Triple Crown: the Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes.

As of the 2020 census, the county population was 30,887. It has doubled in the last fifty years. It is currently the location of the population center of Virginia.