hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CBS catalyst
The CBS catalyst or Corey–Bakshi–Shibata catalyst is an asymmetric catalyst derived from proline. It finds many uses in organic reactions such as the CBS reduction, Diels-Alder reactions and (3+2) cycloadditions. Proline, a naturally occurring chiral compound, is readily and cheaply available. It transfers its stereocenter to the catalyst which in turn is able to drive an organic reaction selectively to one of two possible enantiomers. This selectivity is due to steric strain in the transition state that develops for one enantiomer but not for the other.

Organic reaction
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions, photochemical reactions and redox reactions. In organic synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules. The production of many man-made chemicals such as drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions.

The oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of fats to make soap. Modern organic chemistry starts with the Wöhler synthesis in 1828. In the history of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awards have been given for the invention of specific organic reactions such as the Grignard reaction in 1912, the Diels–Alder reaction in 1950, the Wittig reaction in 1979 and olefin metathesis in 2005.
Titus Peak
Titus Peak, at 10,110 feet (3,080 m) above sea level is the seventh highest peak in the Smoky Mountains of Idaho. The peak is located in Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Blaine County. It is located about 0.6 mi (0.97 km) southeast of Lower Titus Peak and northeast of Saviers Peak. No roads or trails go to the summit.

Blaine County, Idaho
Blaine County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 24,272. The county seat and largest city is Hailey. It is also home to the Sun Valley ski resort, adjacent to Ketchum.

Blaine County was created by the territorial legislature on March 5, 1895, by combining Alturas and Logan counties; it was named for former congressman and 1884 Republican presidential nominee James G. Blaine. Its present boundaries were set on February 8, 1917, when a western portion was partitioned off to form Camas County.

Blaine County is part of the Hailey, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Mark Armstrong (economist)
Mark Armstrong (born December 1964) FBA is a British economist and professor of economics at University College London (UCL). He is known for his research in industrial organisation, focusing on oligopoly theory, consumer search and information frictions, and pricing decisions by platforms and other multi-product firms.

European Economic Association
The European Economic Association (EEA) is a professional academic body which links European economists. It was founded in the mid-1980s. Its first annual congress was in 1986 in Vienna and its first president was Jacques Drèze. The current president is Hélène Rey. The Association currently has around 4000 members. Its objectives are:

". . . to contribute to the development and application of economics as a science in Europe; to improve communication and exchange between teachers, researchers and students in economics in the different European countries; and to develop and sponsor co-operation between teaching institutions of university level and research institutions in Europe "

It publishes the Journal of the European Economic Association. In August of each year the Association, in collaboration with the Econometric Society organises a congress in a European city. The congress attracts around 1500 participants.
2008 British Rowing Championships
The 2008 British Rowing Championships were the 37th edition of the National Championships, held from 18–20 July 2008 at the National Water Sports Centre in Holme Pierrepont, Nottingham. They were organised and sanctioned by British Rowing, and are open to British rowers.

Holme Pierrepont
Holme Pierrepont is a hamlet and civil parish located 5 miles (8 km) south-east of the city of Nottingham in Nottinghamshire, England. It is in the Gamston ward of the Rushcliffe local authority in the East Midlands region. The population of the civil parish (which envelops Adbolton, Bassingfield and a fringe portion of Lady Bay) as at the 2011 census was 528, and this reported 568 residents at the 2021 census.

The word Holme comes from the Old English and Old Norse words for a small island or low-lying land by a river. Pierrepont is northern French for "Stone Bridge" and is the surname of an Anglo-Norman family that once held the manor. Henry Perpount, of Holme by Nottingham, appears as a defendant in a Common Pleas record of 1433.
Gale Bullman
Delmar Gale Bullman (September 18, 1901 – June 24, 1977) was an American football player and coach. He played college football at West Virginia Wesleyan College and professionally in the National Football League (NFL) with the Columbus Tigers. Bullman served as the head football coach at the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy—now known as Missouri University of Science and Technology—from 1937 to 1963, compiling a record of 96–112–9. He was also athletic director there from 1937 to 1967.

Missouri S&T's sports-related multi-purpose building is named for Bullman, as is the university's most prestigious award for student athletes.

Bullman was born in Sistersville, West Virginia. During World War II, he served as a lieutenant in the United States Navy. Bullman died on June 24, 1977, in Rolla, Missouri.

West Virginia Wesleyan College
West Virginia Wesleyan College is a private college in Buckhannon, West Virginia, United States. It has an enrollment of about 1,055 students from 35 U.S. states and 26 countries. The school was founded in 1890 by the West Virginia Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church and is currently affiliated with the United Methodist Church. West Virginia Wesleyan College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
Straight Outta Hell's Kitchen
Straight Outta Hell's Kitchen is the fourth and final studio album by Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam. The album was released in August 20, 1991. It is best known for the lead track "Let the Beat Hit 'Em" which reached #1 on the Billboard R&B and Dance charts. The only other single released from the album was the ballad "Where Were You When I Needed You". The album's title is named for the Manhattan neighborhood in which lead vocalist Lisa Velez grew up and lived until the mid-2000s. The first half of the album was produced by C+C Music Factory's David Cole and Robert Clivillés, and the second half was produced, as with the previous Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam albums, by Full Force.

C+C Music Factory
C+C Music Factory was an American musical group formed in 1989 by David Cole and Robert Clivillés. The group is best known for their five hit singles: "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)", "Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)", "Things That Make You Go Hmmm...", "Just a Touch of Love", and "Keep It Comin' (Dance Till You Can't Dance No More)". The band stopped recording in 1996, following Cole's death. In 2010, C+C Music Factory reformed with Eric Kupper replacing Cole. Original member Freedom Williams acquired trademark rights to the name in 2003 and still tours under that moniker.

C+C Music Factory have earned 35 music industry awards, including five Billboard Music Awards, five American Music Awards, and two MTV Video Music Awards. In December 2016, Billboard named them the 44th-most successful dance act.
Bad Family (film)
Bad Family (Finnish: Paha perhe) is a 2010 Finnish drama film written and directed by Aleksi Salmenperä and produced by Aki Kaurismäki. The film tells the story of an overly protective and controlling father who suspects incest is taking place between his own son and daughter. These growing suspicions and concerns cause the father to become delusional and unrelenting in his quest to end the love affair between his children.

Distributed domestically by Sandrew Metronome, Bad Family was theatrically released in Finland on 29 January 2010. From 14 to 21 February 2010 it was screened at the 60th Berlin International Film Festival.

60th Berlin International Film Festival
The 60th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 11 to 21 February 2010, with Werner Herzog as president of the jury. The opening film of the festival was Chinese director Wang Quan'an's romantic drama Apart Together, in competition, while the closing film is Japanese director Yoji Yamada's About Her Brother, which was screened out of competition.

The Golden Bear went to Turkish film Bal directed by Semih Kaplanoğlu. A new record attendance was established with 282,000 sold tickets, according to the organizers. A restored version of Fritz Lang's Metropolis was also shown at the festival.
Sahebrao Baradkar Deshmukh
Sahebrao Sakhojirao Deshmukh was a politician and a member of the Indian National Congress, and son of Sakhojirao Baradkar Deshmukh. He was a four term Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from the Mudkhed constituency.

He was born in Barad.

Mudkhed Assembly constituency
Mudkhed was one of the 288 Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) constituencies of Maharashtra state, western India. This constituency was located in Nanded district. This constituency was abolished during  delimitation of the constituencies that happened in 2008.
Joao Ponces de Carvalho
João de Deus Ramos Ponces de Carvalho (born 17 March 1957 in Lisbon) is a Portuguese film director.

His great-grandfather was the poet João de Deus. 
He went to the University of Lisbon, obtaining a License in History, specialty, Art History.
He started taking still pictures when he was 10, and became a publicity photographer by 17. His first documentary film was made at 22, being one of the first TV programs to represent Portugal in MIPCOM, Cannes, 1980.

University of Lisbon
The University of Lisbon (ULisboa; Portuguese: Universidade de Lisboa) is a public research university in Lisbon, and Portugal's largest university. It was founded in 1911, but the university's present structure dates to the 2013 merger of the former University of Lisbon (1911–2013) and the Technical University of Lisbon (1930–2013).
EIA 1956 resolution chart
The EIA 1956 Resolution Chart (until 1975 called RETMA Resolution Chart 1956) is a test card originally designed in 1956 to be used with black and white analogue TV systems, based on the previous (and very similar) RMA 1946 Resolution Chart. It consisted of a printed chart filmed by a TV camera or monoscope to be displayed on a TV screen, and was also available as individual rolls of test film to test broadcasting equipment. Inspecting the chart allowed to check for defects like ringing, geometric distortions, raster scan linearity, cathode-ray tube uniformity and lack of image resolution. If needed, a technician could use it to perform the necessary hardware adjustments.

Today, this chart continues to be used to measure image resolution of modern cameras and lenses and also in scientific research.

Ringing (signal)
In electronics, signal processing, and video, ringing is oscillation of a signal, particularly in the step response (the response to a sudden change in input). Often ringing is undesirable, but not always, as in the case of resonant inductive coupling. It is also known as hunting.

It is also known as ripple, particularly in electricity or in frequency domain response.
Shlohmo
Henry Laufer (born January 3, 1990), known professionally as Shlohmo, is an American musician and record producer based in Los Angeles, California. Laufer co-founded the record label WeDidIt Records.

Shlohmo is associated with the Los Angeles beat music scene of the mid-2000s, alongside other producers such as Flying Lotus, Nosaj Thing, Knxwledge, Tokimonsta, and Teebs.  Shlohmo has released four studio albums—‌Bad Vibes (2011), Dark Red (2015), The End (2019) and Repulsor (2025), alongside various EPs and collaborative projects.

Knxwledge
Glen Earl Boothe (born March 8, 1988), professionally known as Knxwledge (pronounced "knowledge"), is an American hip hop record producer and songwriter from New Jersey, currently based in Los Angeles, California. Since 2009, he has had over 200 releases via Bandcamp. His songs are often a mix of various genres, such as jazz, soul, old-school hip hop, and modern rap.
Frankie Scigliano
Frankie Scigliano (born January 16, 1992, in Coquitlam, British Columbia) is an English-Canadian professional box lacrosse goaltender for the Saskatchewan Rush in the National Lacrosse League.  He was a second round draft pick (18th overall) in the 2011 NLL Entry Draft.

Scigliano played junior for the New Westminster Jr. Salmonbellies.  The team went to the Minto Cup final in 2013, but lost to the Whitby Warriors. He was drafted 3rd overall in the Western Lacrosse Association 2014 draft by the Maple Ridge Burrards.  He went on to win the WLA rookie of the year and best goalie awards in 2014.

Internationally, Scigliano represented England at the 2019 World Indoor Lacrosse Championship. Heading into the 2023 NLL season, Inside Lacrosse named Scigliano the #7 best goalie in the NLL.

In July 2023, Scigliano was traded to the Saskatchewan Rush.

2019 World Indoor Lacrosse Championship
The 2019 World Indoor Lacrosse Championship (WILC) was the fifth international box lacrosse championship organized by World Lacrosse every four years. It was held 19-28 September 2019 at the Langley Events Centre in Langley, British Columbia, Canada.  The winner of the WILC wins the Cockerton Cup, named for All-American lacrosse player Stan Cockerton.
Eastern mole
The eastern mole or common mole (Scalopus aquaticus) is a medium-sized North American mole. It is the only species in the genus Scalopus. It is found in forested and open areas with moist sandy soils in northern Mexico, the eastern United States and the southwestern corner of Ontario in Canada.

Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It variably includes between 17 and 26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital.

As of 2011, the Eastern United States had an estimated population exceeding 179 million, representing the majority (over 58 percent) of the total U.S. population.

The three most populous cities in the Eastern United States are New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
Napanee River
The Napanee River is a river in Lennox and Addington County and Frontenac County in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and flows from its source at Camden Lake to its mouth at the Bay of Quinte on Lake Ontario at Napanee. It flows through a valley of preglacial origin. The valley of the Napanee is lined with settlements such as Greater Napanee, Newburgh, Camden East, Yarker, and Petworth.

This river was originally called the Appanea. A grist mill was constructed on the river in 1785 near the current site of the town of Greater Napanee. Other mills were added at Yarker and Camden East.

Great Lakes Basin
The Great Lakes Basin consists of the Great Lakes and the surrounding lands of the states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin in the United States, and the province of Ontario in Canada, whose direct surface runoff and watersheds form a large drainage basin that feeds into the lakes. It is generally considered to also include a small area around and beyond Wolfe Island, Ontario, at the east end of Lake Ontario, which does not directly drain into the Great Lakes, but into the Saint Lawrence River.

The Basin is at the center of the Great Lakes region.
Kafenio
A kafenio (Greek καφενεíο(ν), also rendered as cafenio, cafeneon; plural kafenia) is a Greek café.

A kafenio typically serves various types of Greek coffee, including Greek coffee and frappé, as well as beer, retsina,  and ouzo. Most kafenia provide meze or free snacks and rarely serve full meals.  Kafenia were traditionally family-run businesses and furnished simply. The walls are often whitewashed.  Kafenia often serve as social centers of the villages and islands where they are located. People socialize after work or play a game of cards. In previous centuries, the kafenio was a place where women were not welcome but now kafenia are frequented by girls and women.

Retsina
Retsina (Greek: ρετσίνα) is a Greek white (or rosé or very rarely red) resinated wine, which has been made for at least 2,000 years. Its unique flavor is said to have originated from the practice of sealing wine vessels, particularly amphorae, with Aleppo pine resin in ancient times. Before the invention of impermeable glass bottles, oxygen caused many wines to spoil within a year. Pine resin helped keep air out, while infusing the wine with resin aroma. The Romans began to use barrels in the 3rd century AD, removing any oenological necessity for resin, but the flavor itself was so popular that the style is still widespread.
Coleophora stuposa
Coleophora stuposa is a moth of the family Coleophoridae that can be found in Turkestan and Uzbekistan.

The wingspan is 10.5–12.5 millimetres (0.41–0.49 in).

The larvae feed on Salsola gemmascens. Larvae can be found from September to October.

Turkestan
Turkestan, also spelled Turkistan, is a historical name for the region of Asia lying between the Caspian Sea to the west, Siberia to the north, the Gobi Desert to the east, and Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tibet to the south. Turkestan is primarily inhabited by Turkic peoples, as well as Russian and Tajik-Persian minorities. It is subdivided into West Turkestan, which historically belonged to the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, and East Turkestan (identified either with the Tarim Basin/Southern Xinjiang or with Xinjiang as a whole), which forms part of China.

Throughout history, the region has been exposed to the invasion of several different groups and kingdoms, including the Huns, Hepthalites, Bactrians, Imperial China, Arab Caliphate,  Hellenistic Macedonian Empire, Achaemenid Empire,  as well as various Turkic states and the Mongol Empire. The Qara Khitai also briefly controlled a significant bulk of Turkestan.
La Tène (archaeological site)
La Tène is a protohistoric archaeological site on the northern shore of Lake Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Dating to the second part of the European Iron Age it is the type site of the La Tène culture, which dates to about 450 BCE to the 1st century BCE and extends from Ireland to Anatolia and from Portugal to Czechia. La Tène is listed as a property of national significance.

Lake Biel
Lake Biel or Lake Bienne (German: Bielersee [ˈbiːlərzeː]; French: Lac de Bienne [lak də bjɛn]) is a lake in western Switzerland. Together with Lake Morat and Lake Neuchâtel, it is one of the three large lakes in the Jura region of Switzerland. It lies on the language boundary between German and French speaking areas.
Tsort
The tsort program is a command line utility on Unix and Unix-like platforms, that performs a topological sort on its input. It is part of the POSIX.1 standard. and has been since The Single UNIX Specification, Version 2.

Directed acyclic graph
In mathematics, particularly graph theory, and computer science, a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is a directed graph with no directed cycles. That is, it consists of vertices and edges (also called arcs), with each edge directed from one vertex to another, such that following those directions will never form a closed loop. A directed graph is a DAG if and only if it can be topologically ordered, by arranging the vertices as a linear ordering that is consistent with all edge directions. DAGs have numerous scientific and computational applications, ranging from biology (evolution, family trees, epidemiology) to information science (citation networks) to computation (scheduling).

Directed acyclic graphs are also called acyclic directed graphs or acyclic digraphs.
Third Army (Romania)
The 3rd Army (Romanian: Armata a 3-a) was a field army of the Romanian Land Forces active from 1916 to the 1990s. It fought as part of the German Army Group B during World War II, in Ukraine, the Crimea, and the Caucasus. General Petre Dumitrescu commanded the 3rd Army for much of that time.

The 3rd Army contained the only Romanian divisions trained by the Germans, and as a result, it was a significantly better fighting force than the fellow 4th Army during the Battle of Stalingrad.

Craiova
Craiova (/krəˈjoʊvə/, also US: /kraɪˈoʊvə, krɑːˈjɔːvɑː, krɑːˈjoʊvɑː/, Romanian: [kraˈjova] ⓘ) is the largest city in southwestern Romania, the seventh largest city in the country and the capital of Dolj County, situated near the east bank of the river Jiu in central Oltenia.

It is a longstanding political center, and is located at approximately equal distances from the Southern Carpathians (north) and the River Danube (south). Craiova is the chief commercial city west of Bucharest and the most important city of Oltenia. The city prospered as a regional trading centre despite an earthquake in 1790, a plague in 1795, and a Turkish assault in 1802 during which it was burned.

Eight villages are administered by the city: Făcăi, Mofleni, Popoveni, Șimnicu de Jos, Cernele, Cernelele de Sus, Izvoru Rece, and Rovine. The last four were a separate commune called Cernele until 1996, when they were merged into the city.
Journal of Religion and Theatre
The Journal of Religion and Theatre  was a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on the relationship between theatre and religion. It was abstracted and indexed in the MLA International Bibliography. It was established in 2001 with Debra Bruch as founding editor-in-chief until 2006. She was succeeded by Heather Beasley until the journal was discontinued in 2010. It was published by the Religion and Theatre Focus Group of the Association for Theatre in Higher Education.

Modern Language Association
The Modern Language Association of America, often referred to as the Modern Language Association (MLA), is widely considered the principal professional association in the United States for scholars of language and literature. The MLA aims to "strengthen the study and teaching of language and literature". The organization includes over 20,000 members in 100 countries, primarily academic scholars, professors, and graduate students who study or teach language and literature, including English, other modern languages, and comparative literature. Although founded in the United States, with offices in New York City, the MLA's membership, concerns, reputation, and influence are international in scope.
Seminal Live
Seminal Live is a 1989 album by the English rock band the Fall, recorded partly in the studio and partly at live performances in 1988. The album was the last to be released by the group through Beggars Banquet Records, and as such is often seen as a "contractual obligation" album. It was also the last Fall album to feature Brix Smith, former wife of the lead singer Mark E. Smith, until her return for 1995's Cerebral Caustic.

The studio recordings on Seminal Live were all new songs and make up the first five tracks of the album—side one on the original vinyl release. The live recordings on side two, meanwhile, are all versions of previously released tracks.

In a 2006 interview with The Pseud Mag fanzine, keyboardist Marcia Schofield called Seminal Live "the worst piece of shit I have ever worked on [...] Talk about exhausted and out of ideas. It was one of those-we've just come off tour and have to make a record so what shit covers can we bung on it?-album".

Bill Grundy
William Grundy (18 May 1923 – 9 February 1993) was an English journalist and broadcaster. As the host of Today, a regional magazine programme on Thames Television in London, he gained national attention for an interview with the Sex Pistols in 1976, during which the band swore and traded insults with him on live television. The interview effectively destroyed Grundy's career, elevated the Sex Pistols to notoriety, and signalled the arrival of mainstream punk rock.