hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Popular Democratic Action
Popular Democratic Action (Spanish: Acción Democrática Popular) was a political party in Costa Rica, founded in 1962 by left-wing members of the National Liberation Party. Prominent founders were Enrique Obregón Valverde, Marcial Aguiluz Orellana and Julio Sunol. The party received some support from the then-illegal communist party.  The party won two seats in the elections that year, although Valverde received less than 1% of the vote in the presidential election. Sunol later left the party.

National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)
The National Liberation Party (Spanish: Partido Liberación Nacional, PLN), nicknamed the verdiblancos (lit. 'green and whites'), is a political party in Costa Rica. The party is a member of the Socialist International. Social democratic by statute, the party has a few internal factions, including liberals, Third Way supporters, centrists, and social conservatives.
2012 Cultural Olympiad
The 2012 Cultural Olympiad was a programme of cultural events across the United Kingdom that accompanied the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2012 Summer Paralympics. It included 500 events nationwide throughout the UK, spread over four years and culminating in the London 2012 Festival. The Cultural Olympiad's programmes included: Artists Taking the Lead, Discovering Places, Film Nation: Shorts, New Music 20x12, Stories of the World, World Shakespeare Festival, and the BT River of Music.

Rachel Whiteread
Dame Rachel Whiteread DBE (born 20 April 1963) is an English artist who primarily produces sculptures, which typically take the form of casts. She was the first woman to win the annual Turner Prize in 1993.

Whiteread was one of the Young British Artists who exhibited at the Royal Academy's Sensation exhibition in 1997. Among her most renowned works are House, a large concrete cast of the inside of an entire Victorian house; the Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial in Vienna, resembling the shelves of a library with the pages turned outwards; and Untitled Monument, her resin sculpture for the empty fourth plinth in London's Trafalgar Square.

She was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 2006 and Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 2019 Birthday Honours for services to art.
Fanning friction factor
The Fanning friction factor (named after American engineer John T. Fanning) is a dimensionless number used as a local parameter in continuum mechanics calculations.  It is defined as the ratio between the local shear stress and the local flow kinetic energy density:

where

f is the local Fanning friction factor (dimensionless);

τ is the local shear stress (units of pascals (Pa) = N/m2, or pounds per square foot (psf) = lbf/ft2);

q is the bulk dynamic pressure (Pa or psf), given by:

ρ is the density of the fluid (kg/m3 or lbm/ft3)
u is the bulk flow velocity (m/s or ft/s)

In particular the shear stress at the wall can, in turn, be related to the pressure loss by multiplying the wall shear stress by the wall area (  for a pipe with circular cross section) and dividing by the cross-sectional flow area  (  for a pipe with circular cross section). Thus

Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion.

In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a non-rotating object of mass m traveling at a speed v is .

The kinetic energy of an object is equal to the work, or force (F) in the direction of motion times its displacement (s), needed to accelerate the object from rest to its given speed. The same amount of work is done by the object when decelerating from its current speed to a state of rest.

The SI unit of energy is the joule, while the English unit of energy is the foot-pound.

In relativistic mechanics,  is a good approximation of kinetic energy only when v is much less than the speed of light.
Studzianna, Łódź Voivodeship
Studzianna [stuˈd͡ʑanna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Poświętne, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) south-west of Poświętne, 17 km (11 mi) north of Opoczno, and 68 km (42 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Opoczno
Opoczno ([ɔˈpɔt͡ʂnɔ] ⓘ) is a town in south-central Poland, seat of Opoczno County in the Łódź Voivodeship.

Founded in the Middle Ages, Opoczno is a former royal town of Poland, which used to be one of the most important urban centers of northwestern Lesser Poland. It prospered as a trade center due to its location at the intersection of important trade routes. Currently, Opoczno is an important road and rail junction; its patron saint is Saint Cecilia, and the town is famous across Poland for its folklore and ceramics manufacturing.
Álvares de Azevedo
Manuel Antônio Álvares de Azevedo (September 12, 1831 – April 25, 1852), affectionately called "Maneco" by his close friends, relatives and admirers, was a Brazilian Romantic poet, short story writer, playwright and essayist, considered to be one of the major exponents of Ultra-Romanticism and Gothic literature in Brazil. His works tend to play heavily with opposite notions, such as love and death, platonism and sarcasm, sentimentalism and pessimism, among others, and have a strong influence of Musset, Chateaubriand, Lamartine, Goethe, Heine and – above all – Byron.

All of his works were published posthumously due to his premature death at only 20 years old after a horse-riding accident. They acquired a strong cult following as years went by, particularly among youths of the goth subculture.

He is the patron of the second chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, and of the ninth chair of the Paulista Academy of Letters.

Academia Paulista de Letras
The Academia Paulista de Letras (Portuguese: Academy of Literature of São Paulo) is a non-profit organization with the objective of promoting Brazilian literature. The Academia Paulista de Letras was founded on November 27, 1909 by Joaquim José de Carvalho, who served as the organization's first Secretary General.

In 1955, The Academy's headquarters were established in Largo do Arouche, in the central region of the city of São Paulo. Designed by architect Jacques Pilon, who designed the Mário de Andrade Library, the building has characteristics of art deco and modernism, with features that show the absorption of geometric lines and rationalization of constructions.
Eclipse Sirius
Sirius is an open-source software project of the Eclipse Foundation. This technology allows users to create custom graphical modeling workbenches by leveraging the Eclipse Modeling technologies, including EMF and GMF. The modeling workbench created is composed of a set of Eclipse editors (diagrams, tables and trees) which allow the users to create, edit and visualize EMF models.

Eclipse Foundation
The Eclipse Foundation AISBL is an independent, not-for-profit organization chartered in the European Union that acts as a steward of the Eclipse open source software development community. It has over 350 members, and represents the world's largest sponsored collection of Open Source projects and developers. The Foundation focuses on key services such as intellectual property (IP) management, ecosystem development, and IT infrastructure.
Gary Allenson
Gary Martin Allenson (born February 4, 1955) is an American former Major League Baseball catcher and coach and minor league manager. In 2017, he spent a second stint as manager of the New Hampshire Fisher Cats of the Double-A Eastern League, after serving the previous three seasons in that role with the Triple-A Buffalo Bisons of the International League. Both are affiliates of the Toronto Blue Jays.

In October 2017, Allenson and the Blue Jays severed their relationship. A former backup catcher for the Blue Jays, he had been a member of the Toronto player development organization since January 7, 2013.

Winning percentage
In sports, a winning percentage or Copeland score is the fraction of games or matches a team or individual has won. The statistic is commonly used in standings or rankings to compare teams or individuals. It is defined as wins divided by the total number of matches played (i.e. wins plus draws plus losses). A draw counts as a 1⁄2 win.
Bishop of Plymouth (Anglican)
Christianity portal

The Anglican Bishop of Plymouth is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Exeter, in the Province of Canterbury, England. The title takes its name after the city of Plymouth in Devon; the See was erected under the Suffragans Nomination Act 1888 by Order in Council dated 21 November 1922. The suffragan bishop has particular episcopal oversight of the archdeaconries of Plymouth and of Totnes.

The current bishop, since September 2022, is James Grier.

Order in Council
An Order in Council (abbreviated as OIC in some countries) is a type of legal instrument issued by the executive branch of a government, often the head of state or their representatives, on the advice of a cabinet or council of ministers. These instruments are used in several Commonwealth realms, with equivalent instruments also found in countries with a Westminster system of government. Although the specifics vary by country, Orders in Council typically allow the executive to make formal decisions or regulations without enacting new legislation.
SODO Busway
The SODO Busway, also referred to as the E-3 Busway, is a 1.5-mile-long (2.4 km) busway in the SoDo neighborhood of Seattle, Washington. It has four stops, including two that connect to Link light rail stations, and functions as an extension of the Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel, which was formerly used by buses. The busway is served by ten bus routes—seven King County Metro routes from southern King County and three Sound Transit Express routes from Pierce County.

Union Station (Seattle)
Union Station is a former train station in Seattle, Washington, United States, constructed between 1910 and 1911 to serve the Union Pacific Railroad and the Milwaukee Road. It was originally named Oregon and Washington Station, after a subsidiary line of the Union Pacific. It serves today as the headquarters of Sound Transit, the public transit agency serving the city and metro area.
American Century (comics)
American Century is a comic book series published by DC Comics as a part of the Vertigo imprint starting in early 2001. It was co-written by Howard Chaykin and David Tischman.

The story concerned a former American pilot who fakes his death and goes on the run in the 1950s. Chaykin intended it as a "left-wing version of Steve Canyon", and wrote all of the issues. The comic ran for 27 issues until 2003.

Steve Canyon
Steve Canyon is an American action-adventure comic strip by cartoonist Milton Caniff. Launched shortly after Caniff retired from his previous strip, Terry and the Pirates, Steve Canyon ran from January 13, 1947, until June 4, 1988. It ended shortly after Caniff's death. Caniff won the Reuben Award for the strip in 1971.
Mylène de Zoete
Mylène de Zoete (born 3 January 1999) is a Dutch professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Ceratizit Pro Cycling. She won a bronze medal in the elimination race at the 2022 UEC European Track Championships.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
The Inquirer (Liberia)
The Inquirer is a leading independent daily newspaper published in Liberia, based in Monrovia. It is privately owned with a "good reputation". A former notable editor is Gabriel I. H. Williams, secretary general and president of the Press Union of Liberia (PUL).

Press Union of Liberia
The Press Union of Liberia was founded on September 30, 1964, by a group of independent journalists. It serves as an umbrella organization for media professionals and institutions to advocate for press freedom and the legal protection of journalists.

The PUL collaborates with local, national and international organizations including the Liberian Ministry of Information, International Federation of Journalists (IFJ), West African Journalists Association (WAJA) and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ).
1986 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1986 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 89th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Kinnitty entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 19 October 1986 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Coolderry and St Rynagh's, in what was their sixth meeting in the final. Coolderry won the match by 3–08 to 1–10 to claim their 26th championship title overall and a fist championship title in six years.

Coolderry GAA
Coolderry GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the town of Coolderry in County Offaly, Ireland. The club is the most successful side in the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship with a record 31 titles. Its facilities include a clubhouse with four dressing rooms, floodlights, ball wall, two pitches, a running track and a gym. Its most recent win was 2018 beating Kilcormac Kiloughey.
Ralph Clutton
Ralph Louis Clutton (23 December 1902 – 29 September 1957) was an English first-class cricketer.

The son of Captain Ralph Philip Clutton, he was born at British Hong Kong in December 1902. He was educated in England at Downside School. He later played a single first-class cricket match for the Europeans cricket team in British India against the touring Marylebone Cricket Club at Karachi in October 1926. Batting once in the match, he was dismissed without scoring by George Geary in the Europeans' only innings. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Clutton also played minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire in 1923, making a single appearance in the Minor Counties Championship. During the Second World War, Clutton was commissioned as a lieutenant in the Royal Artillery on 4 May 1940. He died at St Leonards-on-Sea in September 1959.

Karachi Gymkhana
The Karachi Gymkhana (KG) (Sindhi: ڪراچي جمخانه, Urdu: کراچی جِمخانہ) (founded in 1886) is a premier gymkhana (sports club) in the city of Karachi,  Sindh, Pakistan. It is located on Club Road in Karachi, opposite the Commissioner House.

Formerly, it was a first class cricket ground and hosted first-class matches between 1926-27 and 1986-87.
Ernesto Maier
Ernesto Maier (sometimes shown as Ernst Mair, born 1946) was an Italian luger who competed during the late 1960s and the early 1970s. He won the bronze medal in the men's doubles event at the 1967 FIL World Luge Championships in Hammarstrand, Sweden.

Maier also finished eighth in the men's doubles event at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo.

Hammarstrand
Hammarstrand is a locality and the seat of Ragunda Municipality in Jämtland County, Sweden with 1,052 inhabitants in 2010. The town is host to a bobsleigh and luge track. It was built on the dry bed of the former lake Ragundasjön, which drained suddenly and catastrophically in 1796.
North Central Bengali dialects
North Central Bengali or Varendrī Bengali (বরেন্দ্রী বাংলা) is a cluster of Bengali dialects and their varieties, spoken in the Varendra region (primarily consisting of the Rajshahi Division, parts of the Gaibandha and Dinajpur districts in Bangladesh and the Malda division in India). Varendri dialect was classified by many renowned Indian linguists like Suniti Kumar Chatterji, Sukumar Sen and others. It is also spoken in adjoining villages in neighbouring Bihar and Jharkhand. Varendri dialect has some influences of neighbouring dialects of Maithili and other Bihari languages.

Varendra
Varendra (Bengali: বরেন্দ্র), also known as Barind (Bengali: বারিন্দ), was an ancient and historical territory of Northern Bengal, now mostly in Bangladesh and a little portion in the Indian state of West Bengal and Eastern Bihar.

It formed part of the Pundravardhana or Pundra Kingdom region currently part of the Rajshahi and Rangpur Division of Bangladesh and included the districts of Bogra, Rajshahi, Pabna and Dinajpur of Bangladesh and West Dinajpur and Malda of West Bengal, India. According to Cunningham, the boundary of Varendra was the Ganges and the Kosi river on the west, the Karatoya on the east, the Padma River on the south and the land between Cooch Behar and included the Terai.
Lehmbruck Museum
The Stiftung Wilhelm Lehmbruck Museum - Center for International Sculpture is a museum in Duisburg, Germany.

Sculptures by Wilhelm Lehmbruck, after whom the museum is named, make up a large part of its collection. However, the museum has a substantial number of works by other 20th-century sculptors, including Ernst Barlach, Käthe Kollwitz, Ludwig Kasper, Hermann Blumenthal, Alexander Archipenko, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Henri Laurens, Jacques Lipchitz, Alexander Rodtschenko, Laszlo Péri, Naum Gabo, Antoine Pevsner, Pablo Picasso, Salvador Dalí and Max Ernst. This is complemented by a considerable number of paintings by 19th- and 20th-century German artists. The museum circulates its substantial collection by re-installing works on an annual basis.

Alexander Archipenko
Alexander Porfyrovych Archipenko (May 30 [O.S. May 18] 1887 – February 25, 1964) was a Ukrainian-American avant-garde artist, sculptor, and graphic artist, active in France and the United States. He was one of the first to apply the principles of Cubism to architecture, analyzing human figures into geometrical forms.
Portrait of a Young Man with a Golden Chain
Portrait of a Young Man with a Gold Chain is an oil painting usually attributed to the Dutch painter Rembrandt. Signed and dated 1635, it was traditionally regarded as a self-portrait (under the title Self-Portrait with Beard Rising or Self-Portrait with a Gold Chain), although contemporary criticism tends to challenge this hypothesis.

The accreditation of this work to Rembrandt is supported by various documents and graphic records dating to the seventeenth century. However, a report by the Rembrandt Research Project in 1989 assigned it to the "circle" of the Dutch master. This new assignment was controversial: the opinion was challenged by Pietro Maria Bardi and Luiz Marques, among other experts, who credit the authorship of the painting to Rembrandt. The work is currently preserved at the São Paulo Museum of Art.

Ferdinand Bol
Ferdinand Bol (24 June 1616 - 24 August 1680) was a Dutch painter, etcher and draftsman. Although his surviving work is rare, it displays Rembrandt's influence; like his master, Bol favored historical subjects, portraits, numerous self-portraits, and single figures in exotic finery.
Frigaliment Importing Co. v. B.N.S. International Sales Corp.
Frigaliment Importing Co. v. B.N.S. International Sales Corp., 190 F.Supp. 116 (1960), a U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York case decided on December 27, 1960, addressed a breach of contract dispute. Frigaliment claimed B.N.S. supplied the wrong type of chickens. The court ruled for B.N.S., finding the contract's term "chicken" too vague to support a breach claim.

Breach of contract
Breach of contract is a legal cause of action and a type of civil wrong, in which a binding agreement or bargained-for exchange is not honored by one or more of the parties to the contract by non-performance or interference with the other party's performance. Breach occurs when a party to a contract fails to fulfill its obligation(s), whether partially or wholly, as described in the contract, or communicates an intent to fail the obligation or otherwise appears not to be able to perform its obligation under the contract. Where there is breach of contract, the resulting damages have to be paid to the aggrieved party by the party breaching the contract.

If a contract is rescinded, parties are legally allowed to undo the work unless doing so would directly charge the other party at that exact time.
Apperley Viaducts
The Apperley Viaducts are two adjacent railway viaducts straddling the River Aire in West Yorkshire, England. The open viaduct dates back to 1900, carrying the current double track Airedale line railway, whereas the redundant adjacent viaduct (to the immediate west) dates back to 1867, and was built to replace the original bridge at this point which collapsed in November 1866 due to severe flooding. The viaducts are two of the many railway crossings of the River Aire between Shipley and Leeds.

Thackley Tunnel
Thackley Tunnel is on the Airedale line between Leeds and Shipley on the lines to Bradford and Skipton.

Completed in 1846 and opened on 30 June, the tunnel is approximately 1,300 yards (1,200 m) long through Thackley Hill. The contractor was James Bray, an iron and brass founder from Leeds who later contracted the construction of the Bramhope Tunnel on the Leeds to Thirsk main line.

As built, the single tunnel bore contained a pair of lines. In 1900, the railway was increased to four tracks, with two lines in a second tunnel. One tunnel carried the fast lines from Leeds and the other the slow lines. In 1968, the southern tunnel was closed, coinciding with the closure of the Great Northern Branch Line from Shipley to Laisterdyke via Idle and Thackley. The northern tunnel is in use. The disused tunnel is periodically maintained.
Lycée Michel Rodange
Lycée Michel Rodange, abbreviated to LMRL, is a high school in Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg.  It is located on Campus Geesseknäppchen, along with several other educational institutions, most of which, including Lycée Michel Rodange, is in the quarter of Hollerich, in the south-west of the city.

It was founded by law on 5 August 1968 as the 'Nouveau Lycée de Luxembourg' (English: Luxembourg New School), but was renamed by Grand Ducal decree on 19 January 1970 to its current name, after Michel Rodange, the author of Luxembourg's national epic, Rénert the Fox.  Rodange counts Jean-Claude Juncker, the President of the European Commission as its alumnus.

National epic
A national epic is an epic poem or a literary work of epic scope which seeks to or is believed to capture and express the essence or spirit of a particular nation—not necessarily a nation state, but at least an ethnic or linguistic group with aspirations to independence or autonomy.  National epics frequently recount the origin of a nation, a part of its history, or a crucial event in the development of national identity such as other national symbols.
Jeremiah 27
Jeremiah 27 is the twenty-seventh chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The material found in Jeremiah 27 is found in Jeremiah 34 in the Septuagint, which orders some material differently. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. The New American Bible (Revised Edition) (NABRE) describes chapters 27-29 as "a special collection of Jeremiah’s prophecies dealing with false prophets", and suggests that "stylistic peculiarities evident in the Hebrew suggest that these three chapters once existed as an independent work".

Nevi'im
The Nevi'im (/nəviˈiːm, nəˈviːɪm/; Biblical Hebrew: נְבִיאִים, romanized: Nəviʾim, lit. 'spokespersons, prophets') is the second major division of the Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible), lying between the first division, the Torah (lit. 'instruction') and the third division, Ketuvim (lit. 'writings'). The Nevi'im are divided into two groups. The Former Prophets (Hebrew: נביאים ראשונים Nəviʾim Rishonim) consists of the narrative books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings; while the Latter Prophets (נביאים אחרונים Nəviʾim Aḥaronim) include the books of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets.