hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Process heat
Process heat refers to the application of heat during industrial processes. Some form of process heat is used during the manufacture of many common products, from concrete to glass to steel to paper. Where byproducts or wastes of the overall industrial process are available, those are often used to provide process heat. Examples include black liquor in papermaking or bagasse in sugarcane processing.

Black liquor
In industrial chemistry, black liquor is the by-product from the kraft process when digesting pulpwood into paper pulp removing lignin, hemicelluloses and other extractives from the wood to free the cellulose fibers.

The equivalent material in the sulfite process is usually called brown liquor, but the terms red liquor, thick liquor and sulfite liquor are also used.
Liang (surname)
Liang (Chinese: 梁) is an East Asian surname of Chinese origin. The surname is often transliterated as Leung (in Hong Kong) or Leong (in Macau, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines) according to its Cantonese and Hakka pronunciation, Neo / Lio / Niu (Hokkien, Teochew, Hainan), or Liong (Fuzhou). In Indonesia, it is known as Liong or Nio. It is also common in Korea, where it is written Yang (양) or Ryang (량). In Vietnam, it is pronounced as Lương.

It is listed 128th in the classic text Hundred Family Surnames. In 2019 it was the 22nd most common surname in mainland China. In comparison, it is the 7th most common surname in Hong Kong, where it is usually written Leung or Leong.

Teochew Min
Teochew, also known as Swatow or Teo-Swa after its two best-known dialects, is a Southern Min language spoken by the Teochew people in the Chaoshan region of eastern Guangdong and by their diaspora around the world. It is sometimes referred to as Chiuchow, its Cantonese rendering, due to English romanization by colonial officials and explorers. It is closely related to Hokkien, as it shares some cognates and phonology with Hokkien.

Teochew preserves many Old Chinese pronunciations and vocabulary that have been lost in some of the other modern varieties of Chinese. As such, Teochew is described as one of the most conservative Chinese languages.
Chimento
Chimento is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adriano Chimento, Italian jeweller and businessman

Enrique Chimento, Argentine footballer

Marcelo Chimento (born 1964), Argentine actor

Marcelo Chimento
Marcelo Chimento (born 1964) is an Argentine actor who made several appearances in film and television in Argentina in the 1970s and early 1980s.

In 1971 he appeared in the musical Balada para un mochilero directed by Carlos Rinaldi which starred Jose Marrone.

In 1975, he participated in the García Ferré's animated film "Petete y Trapito", providing the voice of Trapito, a little scarecrow. In 1977 he starred in the film Brigada en acción.

He gave up professional acting at the age of 26 following some work discrepancies with the management of a TV station. He has since taught drama privately. Also, he later became more interested in music playing percussion in a band called "Verdugo Destino" and later in Memys el Fandi.
Kosmos 2350
Kosmos 2350 (Russian: Космос 2350 meaning Cosmos 2350) is a Russian US-KMO missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1998 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using infrared telescopes.

Kosmos 2350 was launched from Site 200/39 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-K carrier rocket with a DM-2 upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 04:36 UTC on 29 April 1998. The launch successfully placed the satellite into geostationary orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1998-025A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 25315.

This satellite only worked for 2 months before failing.

The US National Space Science Data Center describe this as a Potok military communications satellite instead of an early warning satellite.

Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200
Site 200 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome is a launch site used, along with Site 81, by Proton rockets. It consists of two launch pads, areas 39 and 40. Area 39 is currently (as of 2021) used for Proton-M launches, including commercial flights conducted by International Launch Services. Area 40 is currently (as of 2021) inactive, as it was slated to be rebuilt as a launch site for the Angara rocket. Although the project was relocated to Site 250, Area 40 was not put back into service.

A number of planetary probes have been launched from Site 200. Venera 14, Venera 15, Vega 1, Fobos 1, the failed Mars-96, and ExoMars were launched from area 39. Venera 13, Venera 16, Vega 2, Fobos 2 were launched from Area 40. Area 39 was also the launch site for the core of the Mir space station, along with both Kvant modules, and the Kristall module. Salyut 7 and Granat were launched from Area 40.

On 13 May 2021 the pad was modified to support the launch of Nauka.
Champion Versions
Champion Versions is the debut EP by the Beta Band, originally released in 1997 on 12" vinyl only. The EP consists of songs featured on the original demo tape the band had sent to Phil Brown, an A&R rep for EMI, which landed the group a record deal with Regal Records. It was later included in its entirety on the 1998 compilation The Three E.P.'s, along with The Patty Patty Sound and Los Amigos del Beta Bandidos. It is the only Beta Band recording to feature founding members Gordon Anderson and Steve Duffield, who both left shortly before its release.

Champion Versions, along with the other two original EPs from the Beta Band, long out of print on vinyl, were re-issued as part of Record Store Day 2013.

The cover of the EP references the design of King Tubby's The Roots of Dub LP, whilst the images are lifted from a box of Clac-Doigt-brand miniature fireworks.

"Dry the Rain" ranked at number 57 in Pitchfork Media's list of the Top 200 Songs of the 1990s.

Record Store Day
Record Store Day is a semi-annual event established in 2008 to "celebrate the culture of the independently owned record store". Held on one Saturday (typically the third) every April and every Black Friday in November, the day brings together fans, artists, and thousands of independent record stores around the world. A number of records are pressed specifically for Record Store Day, with a list of releases for each country, and are only distributed to shops participating in the event.

The event originated in the United States and has expanded internationally, with official organizers in the United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland, Mexico, Europe, Japan, and Australia.
Jai Prakash Verma
Jai Prakash Verma was a member of the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly from Gandey Assembly constituency.

He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP); he rejoined the BJP in 15 September 2024. He was a member of Jharkhand Mukti Morcha in 2023, however, he was suspended by the JMM during the 2024 general election when he contested as an independent candidate against JMM's ally CPI(ML)L's Vinod Kumar Singh in Koderma PC.
Jai Prakash Verma's father, Jagdish Prasad Kushwaha, who was an Ayurved practitioner was considered as one of the tallest leader of Bhartiya Jana Sangh. Latter had played significant role in establishing Jana Sangh in United Bihar. He was the elder brother of Indian parliamentarian Rati Lal Prasad Verma.
Verma is a nephew of Rati Lal Prasad Verma, the six time Member of Indian Parliament from Kodarma PC and a Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh veteran.

Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM; lit. 'Jharkhand Liberation Front') is a political party in the Indian state of Jharkhand, founded by Binod Bihari Mahato, Shibu Soren, and A. K. Roy. Hemant Soren is the president of the JMM. JMM is also an influential political party in the state of Odisha and parts of neighbouring states. Its election symbol in Jharkhand is the Bow and Arrow.

The party was officially created on the birthday of Birsa Munda, the 19th-century tribal warrior of Jharkhand, who fought against the British rule in present-day Jharkhand. The State of Jharkhand also came into existence on Birsa Munda's birthday in 2000.
Laure Neumayer
Laure Neumayer (born 1973) is a French political scientist. She is a maîtresse de conférences at the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne and a senior researcher of the Centre européen de sociologie et de science politique in Paris (CESSP). She is particularly known for her work on the politics of memory, especially related to post-communist states in Central Europe. Her early work focused on the enlargement of the European Union and the Europeanization of Central European states, and she has written on Euroscepticism. Between 1997 and 2002 Neumayer was a member of the French Centre for Social Science Research in Prague, in spring of 2002 a Junior Fellow at the Collegium Budapest-Institute for Advanced Studies, between 2013 and 2018 a junior member of the Institut Universitaire de France and a visiting scholar at the Harriman Institute of Columbia University in New York City in spring of 2018.

Harriman Institute
The Harriman Institute, the first academic center in the United States devoted to the interdisciplinary study of Russia and the Soviet Union, was founded at Columbia University in 1946, with the support of the Rockefeller Foundation, as the Russian Institute.
One Hour of Happiness
One Hour of Happiness (German: Eine Stunde Glück) is a 1931 German drama film directed by William Dieterle and starring Dieterle, Evelyn Holt, and Harald Paulsen.

It was released by the German branch of Universal Pictures.

William Dieterle
William Dieterle (July 15, 1893 – December 9, 1972) was a German-born actor and film director who immigrated to the United States in 1930 to leave a worsening political situation. He worked in Hollywood primarily as a director for much of his career, becoming a United States citizen in 1937. He moved back to Germany in the late 1950s.

His best-known films include The Story of Louis Pasteur (1936), The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939) and The Devil and Daniel Webster (1941). His film The Life of Emile Zola (1937) won the Academy Award for Best Picture, the second biographical feature to do so.
Long Island Association
The Long Island Association (LIA) is an organization representing businesses in the Long Island region. The LIA's members together employ two-thirds of Long Island's workforce. The LIA was founded in July 1926 as the Long Island Chamber of Commerce to promote business relocation from New York City. The LIA headquarters remained in Manhattan until 1949; it is now based in Melville.

Former presidents included William J. Casey, later CIA Director under President Ronald Reagan, and James Lacrocca, former New York State Commissioner of Energy and Transportation. As of November 2023, it is led by Matt Cohen.

Melville, New York
Melville is an affluent hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Huntington in Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 19,284 at the time of the 2020 census.
Afikim
Afikim (Hebrew: אפיקים) is an Israeli kibbutz affiliated with the Kibbutz Movement located in the Jordan Valley three kilometers from the Sea of Galilee. It is within the jurisdiction of the Emek HaYarden Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,105.

Sea of Galilee
The Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, גִּנֵּיסַר, Arabic: بحيرة طبريا), also called Lake Tiberias, Genezareth Lake  or Kinneret, is a freshwater lake in Israel and the Golan Heights. It is the lowest freshwater lake on Earth and the second-lowest lake in the world (after the Dead Sea, a salt lake), with its elevation fluctuating between 215 and 209 metres (705 and 686 ft) below sea level (depending on rainfall). It is approximately 53 km (33 mi) in circumference, about 21 km (13 mi) long, and 13 km (8 mi) wide. Its area is 166.7 km2 (64.4 sq mi) at its fullest, and its maximum depth is approximately 43 metres (141 ft). The lake is fed partly by underground springs, but its main source is the Jordan River, which flows through it from north to south with the outflow controlled by the Degania Dam.
Apamea (moth)
Apamea is a genus of moths in the family Noctuidae first described by Ferdinand Ochsenheimer in 1816.

Some Apamea species are pest insects. The larval Apamea niveivenosa is a cutworm known as a pest of grain crops in North America. The larva of A. apamiformis is the rice worm, the most serious insect pest of cultivated wild rice in the Upper Midwest of the United States.

Grain
A grain is a small, hard, dry fruit (caryopsis) – with or without an attached hull layer – harvested for human or animal consumption. A grain crop is a grain-producing plant. The two main types of commercial grain crops are cereals and legumes.

After being harvested, dry grains are more durable than other staple foods, such as starchy fruits (plantains, breadfruit, etc.) and tubers (sweet potatoes, cassava, and more). This durability has made grains well suited to industrial agriculture, since they can be mechanically harvested, transported by rail or ship, stored for long periods in silos, and milled for flour or pressed for oil. Thus, the grain market is a major global agricultural market that includes crops such as maize, rice, soybeans, wheat and other grains.
Music of Jammu and Kashmir
Music of Jammu and Kashmir reflects a rich musical heritage and cultural legacy of the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Two different regions of Jammu and Kashmir consists the Jammu region and Kashmir Valley.  Music of Kashmir and Chenab Valley has influences of Central Asian music while music from Jammu region is similar to that of other regions of North India.

Kashmir Valley
The Kashmir Valley, also known as the Vale of Kashmir, is an intermontane valley in the northern part of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. The valley is surrounded by the ranges of the Himalayas, bounded on the southwest by the Pir Panjal Range and on the northeast by the Greater Himalayan Range. It is approximately 135 km (84 mi) long and 32 km (20 mi) wide, and drained by the Jhelum River. It falls entirely within the Kashmir Division of Jammu and Kashmir.
Dorian flat 2 scale
The Dorian ♭2 scale (pronounced "Dorian flat two"), also known as the Phrygian ♮6 scale (Phrygian sharp six), or the Javanese scale is the second mode of the jazz minor scale (or the ascending melodic minor scale). It is on the second degree of the jazz minor scale. Without the minor second above the root, the scale would just be the Dorian mode. The reason it is also known as Phrygian ♮6 is because if the scale did not have the major 6th then it would be enharmonic with the Phrygian mode.

This scale is commonly used in Assyrian music, most especially in the folk dance genre. Thought to add color and to retain the Phrygian tradition of Assyrian music, the major sixth may at times be simultaneously altered to the minor sixth during the course of the composition.

Jazz minor scale
The jazz minor scale also known as the ascending melodic minor scale or the Ionian ♭3 scale is a derivative of the melodic minor scale, except only the ascending form of the scale is used. As the name implies, it is primarily used in jazz, although it may be found in other types of music as well. It may be derived from the major scale with a minor third, making it a synthetic scale, and features a dominant seventh chord on the fifth degree (V) like the harmonic minor scale. It can also be derived from the diatonic Dorian mode with a major seventh

Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can download the audio file.

Thus, the jazz minor scale can be represented by the following notation:

1, 2, ♭3, 4, 5, 6, 7, (1)

The intervals between the notes of the jazz minor scale follow the sequence below:

whole, half, whole, whole, whole, whole, half

Or in short:

WHWWWWH
Fairytales (2 Brothers on the 4th Floor song)
"Fairytales" is a song by Dutch Eurodance group 2 Brothers on the 4th Floor featuring rapper D-Rock and singer Des'Ray. It was released in February 1996 by Lowland Records and CNR Music as the third single from the group's second album, 2 (1996). In their native Netherlands, the song peaked at number four, while entering the top 50 in Belgium and Sweden. On the Eurochart Hot 100, "Fairytales" peaked at number 85 in March 1996. Outside Europe, it was a number-one hit for one week in Israel. A computer generated music video was produced to promote the single, directed by Ben Liebrand.

Eurodance
Eurodance (sometimes referred to as Euro-NRG) is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in the late 1980s in Europe. It combines many elements of rap, techno and Eurodisco. This genre of music is heavily influenced by the use of rich vocals, sometimes with rapped verses. This, combined with cutting-edge synthesizers, strong bass rhythm and melodic hooks, establishes the core foundation of Eurodance music.
Finn Bendixen
Finn Bendixen (born 27 June 1949) is a Norwegian long jumper. He represented Lillesand IL and IF Kamp-Vestheim.

Representing the UCLA Bruins track and field team, Bendixen won the 1973 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships in the long jump.

He finished fourteenth in the long jump final at the 1971 European Championships with a jump of 7.32 metres. He also competed at the 1969 European Championships and the 1972 Summer Olympics without reaching the finals. He became Norwegian champion in long jump in 1970, 1972, 1979 and 1980.

His personal best jump was 7.97 metres, achieved in June 1972 in Stockholm. This result places him second among Norwegian long jumpers, only behind Kristen Fløgstad.

In the Norwegian Athletics Association he was a member of the medical committee from 1977 through 1978.

1973 NCAA University Division Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1973 NCAA University Division Outdoor Track and Field Championships were contested June 5−9 at the 51st annual NCAA-sanctioned track meet to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate University Division outdoor track and field events in the United States.

This year's outdoor meet was hosted by Louisiana State University at the Bernie Moore Track Stadium in Baton Rouge.

UCLA once again topped team standings, winning their third consecutive, and fifth overall, team national title.
Serigne Mouhamadou Lamine Bara Mbacké
El Hadji  Serigne Mouhamadou Lamine Bara Mbacké, or Sheikh Bara Mbacké (c. 1925 –  30 June 2010) was the Grand Marabout of the Mouride movement in Senegal from 2007 until his death in 2010. The movement is prominent outside Senegal as well, in places such as New York, Paris and Rome.

Bara Mbacké became Grand Marabout of the Mouride movement after the death of his uncle, Serigne Saliou Mbacké, on 28 December 2007. He died of natural causes at the age of 85. His death was mourned by millions of people, and Senegal declared an eight-day period of national mourning.

Touba
Touba (Hassaniya Arabic: توبا, 'Felicity'; Wolof: Tuubaa) is a city in central Senegal, part of Diourbel Region and Mbacké district. With a population of 1,120,824 in 2023, it is the second most populated Senegalese city after Dakar. It is the holy city of Mouridism and the burial place of its founder, Shaikh Ahmadou Bàmba Mbàcke.  Next to his tomb stands a large mosque, completed in 1963.
Sydney Daily Telegraph controversies
The Daily Telegraph is an Australian tabloid newspaper published by Nationwide News Pty Limited. Over the years, it has faced numerous controversies, particularly regarding alleged breaches of media ethics in its coverage of LGBTQ people.

Miranda Devine
Miranda Devine is a conservative Australian-American columnist and writer, now based in New York City. She hosted The Miranda Devine Show on Sydney radio station 2GB until it ended in 2015. She has written columns for Fairfax Media newspapers The Sydney Morning Herald and The Sun-Herald, and for News Limited newspapers Daily Telegraph, Sunday Telegraph, Melbourne's Sunday Herald Sun, and Perth's Sunday Times. As of 2022, she writes for the New York Post. Some of her political opinion pieces and statements on the environment, race and social issues, such as likening the campaign for marriage equality to the tactics of ISIS and calling COVID-19 ‘the China Virus’, have been criticised as misrepresenting the facts and of ragebait journalism.
Arthur Frank Witulski
Arthur Frank Witulski is an American electrical engineer. He is the Research Associate Professor Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Vanderbilt University, where his research activities focus on microelectronics and semiconductor devices. He is affiliated with the Radiation Effects and Reliability Group at Vanderbilt University, where he works on the effects of radiation on semiconductor devices and integrated circuits.  He also serves as an engineer at the Institute for Space and Defense Electronics at Vanderbilt. He is best known for his work in the field of Power electronics and ionizing radiation response of DC-to-DC converter.

IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by the IEEE. Sponsored by the IEEE Power Electronics Society, the journal covers advances in device, circuit or system issues in power electronics. Its editor-in-chief is Yaow-Ming Chen (National Taiwan University).

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 6.6.
Colonia Tovar
Colonia Tovar (Tovar Colony) is a mountain town of Venezuela, capital of the municipality Tovar in Aragua state. It is located about 65.5 km (41 mi) west of Caracas. It was founded on April 8, 1843, by a group of 390 immigrants from the then independent state of the Grand Duchy of Baden (later incorporated into Germany). It is characterized by the cultural imprint of its origin, so it is called "the Germany of the Caribbean". The economy depends primarily on agriculture and tourism. Colonia Tovar is known for its temperate crops (peaches, strawberries, beets, cauliflower, carrots, cabbage, chard, broccoli, lettuce, onions and potatoes) and their derivatives. Since 1990 it has experienced high population growth, rising from 3,373 to 21,000 inhabitants in 2016.

Cauliflower
Cauliflower is one of several vegetables cultivated from the species Brassica oleracea in the genus Brassica, which is in the Brassicaceae (or mustard) family. Cauliflower usually grows with one main stem that carries a large, rounded "head" made of tightly clustered, immature white or off-white flower buds called the "curd". Typically, only the "head" is eaten.

An annual plant that reproduces by seed, the cauliflower head is composed of a (generally) white inflorescence meristem. Although cauliflower heads resemble those in broccoli, the latter differs in having flower buds as the edible portion.

The global cauliflower production (combined with broccoli) in 2023 was 26.5 million tonnes, led by China and India with 72% of the total.
At the Devil's Door
At the Devil's Door (originally titled Home) is a 2014 American supernatural horror film directed by Nicholas McCarthy. The film had its world premiere on March 9, 2014, at South by Southwest. It stars Naya Rivera as a woman caught amidst ghostly events.

Catalina Sandino Moreno
Catalina Sandino Moreno (born 19 April 1981) is a Colombian actress. She gained recognition for her leading titular performance in Maria Full of Grace (2004), which earned her the Silver Bear for Best Actress and a nomination for the Academy Award in the same category.

Moreno's subsequent film and television credits include Fast Food Nation (2006), Love in the Time of Cholera (2007), Che (2008), The Twilight Saga: Eclipse (2010), Roa (2013), A Most Violent Year (2014), Falling Skies (2014), American Gothic (2016), Custody (2016), The Affair (2015–2019), The Quarry (2020), Barbarians (2021), From (2022–present), Silent Night (2023), and Ballerina (2025).