hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zmajević
Zmajević is a Slavic surname, derived from the Slavic word for "dragon" (zmaj). Zmajević noble family of the Early modern period, hailing from the Bay of Kotor (now in Montenegro), was active in the Republic of Venice and the Russian Empire. This family hailed from Njeguši; when the last members of the Crnojević family left Principality of Zeta, Nikola Zmajević and his cousins Ivaniš and Vučeta moved to Kotor. Becoming appealed and somewhat wealthy, the family quickly converted from Christian Orthodoxy in favor of Roman Catholicism, with the three marrying Catholic girls and having their children baptized in the Latin Rite.

Njeguši
Njeguši (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Његуши) is a village in the Cetinje Municipality of southern Montenegro, located on the slopes of Mount Lovćen, within the Lovćen national park. It is part of the historical territory of the Njeguši tribe.
Winooski
Winooski is the name of the following places in the United States:

Winooski, Vermont, city

Winooski, Wisconsin, ghost town

Winooski Falls Mill District, historical district

Winooski River, river

Winooski Turnpike, road

Winooski, Vermont
Winooski /wɪˈnuːski/ is a city in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. Located on the Winooski River, as of the 2020 U.S. census the municipal population was 7,997. The city is the most densely populated municipality in northern New England, an area comprising the states of Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont. It is the smallest of Vermont's 10 cities by area, though the city of Vergennes has the smallest population. As part of the Burlington, Vermont metropolitan area, it is bordered by Burlington, Colchester, and South Burlington.
Fabio Berardi (engraver)
Fabio Berardi (1728–1788) was an Italian engraver of the Baroque period, active in Tuscany. He was born in Siena.  He went to Venice when young, and trained under Joseph Wagner. Among other works, he engraved in 1767 a booklet of pictures about the life of emperor Francis I. He also engraved the following:

St. Seraphinus worshipping the Cross (1767)
A Woman sleeping, surprised by a Sportsman and Four Pastoral Subjects after Piazzetta.
Isaac blessing Jacob and a Sacrifice of Gideon after Pittoni
Jacob and Rachel after Giuseppe Varotti
Hagar and Ishmael in the Desert after J. Varana.
Six Views in Venice (1742); after Canaletto; engraved by Berardi and Wagner.

Giambattista Pittoni
Giambattista Pittoni or Giovanni Battista Pittoni (6 June 1687 – 6 November 1767) was a Venetian painter of the late Baroque or Rococo period. He was among the founders of the Academy of Fine Arts of Venice, of which in 1758 he became the second president, succeeding Tiepolo.
Stefan Müller (athlete)
Stefan Müller (born September 20, 1979) is a Swiss javelin thrower. Müller is the Swiss national record holder with 82.07 metres, achieved in September 2006 in Bern.

He finished seventh in the javelin final at the 2006 European Athletics Championships in Gothenburg, throwing a personal best. He won a bronze medal at the 2005 Summer Universiade.

2006 European Athletics Championships
The 19th European Athletics Championships were held in Gothenburg, Sweden, between 7 August and 13 August 2006. The competition arena was the Ullevi Stadium and the official motto "Catch the Spirit". Gothenburg also hosted the 1995 World Championships in Athletics, and Stockholm, Sweden's capital, hosted 1958 European Athletics Championships.
Platamon Castle
The Platamon Castle (Greek: Κάστρο του Πλαταμώνα), an important part of the history of Pieria, is a Crusader castle (built between 1204 and 1222) in Macedonia, Greece and is located southeast of Mount Olympus, in a strategic position which controls the exit of the Tempe valley, through which passes the main road connecting Macedonia with Thessaly and southern Greece. The tower (donjon), which overlooks the highway, is an imposing medieval fortress.

Important discoveries are the board of Hellenistic wall, that confirm the suggestion that on this position was the ancient Greek city Herakleion and the gate in the wall of the donjon. The core of the city Herakleion remains to be found, but it is posited that it is located on the northwest side of the castle's hill due to shells and coins found during recent excavations.

Vale of Tempe
The Vale of Tempe or Tembi (/ˈtɛmpi/; Greek: Τέμπη, Κοιλάδα των Τεμπών; Ancient Greek: Τέμπεα, Τέμπη) is a gorge in the Tempi municipality of northern Thessaly, Greece, located between Olympus to the north and Ossa to the south, and between the regions of Thessaly and Macedonia.

In the Greek municipality of Tempi, the valley is ten kilometers long and as narrow as 25 metres in places, with cliffs nearly 500 metres high. Through it flows the Pineios River on its way to the Aegean Sea. Historically the gorge has provided a strategic route through the mountains and its impressive rugged beauty is poetically renowned.
Gyalideopsis heardensis
Gyalideopsis heardensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Gomphillaceae. This inconspicuous lichen forms thin, grey to grey-green crusts on rotting vegetation and is distinguished by its unusually large, strongly multi-celled spores contained singly within each spore sac. It is endemic to the remote subantarctic Heard Island, where it grows in the island's harsh, cold, and extremely wet climate.

Gomphillaceae
The Gomphillaceae are a family of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. They occur mainly in tropical regions, where many species are adapted to humid rainforests and grow directly on leaves rather than on bark or rock. The family contains about 46 genera and more than 800 species, although the true total may be higher because genetic work has revealed extensive cryptic diversity. Many members reproduce using specialised structures and produce few or none of the lichen products that are typical of other lichen groups. A major molecular phylogenetics-led reorganisation in 2023 formalised this revised classification, recognising and establishing 17 genera as new or reinstated.
Austin Evans (YouTuber)
Austin Evans (born August 22, 1992) is an American YouTuber and tech blogger who creates videos on various modern technologies, such as video games, smartphones and personal computers. As of May 8, 2025, his YouTube channel has over 5.65 million subscribers and 1.5 billion views. Videos of his have been featured on technology sites such as The Verge, Eurogamer, Video Games Chronicle and Engadget.

The Verge
The Verge is an online American technology news publication headquartered in Lower Manhattan, New York City and operated by Vox Media. The website publishes news, feature stories, guidebooks, product reviews, consumer electronics news, and podcasts.

The website was launched on November 1, 2011 and used Vox Media's proprietary multimedia publishing platform Chorus until January 28, 2025, when it switched to WordPress. In 2014, Nilay Patel was named editor-in-chief and Dieter Bohn executive editor; Helen Havlak was named editorial director in 2017. The Verge won five Webby Awards for the year 2012 including awards for Best Writing (Editorial), Best Podcast for The Vergecast, Best Visual Design, Best Consumer Electronics Site, and Best Mobile News App.
Arhopala epimete
Arhopala epimete, the violetdisc oakblue, is a species of butterfly belonging to the lycaenid family described by Otto Staudinger in 1889. It is found in Southeast Asia (Borneo, Palawan, Burma, Mergui, Langkawi, Peninsular Malaya and Sumatra).

Otto Staudinger
Otto Staudinger (2 May 1830 – 13 October 1900) was a German entomologist and a natural history dealer considered one of the largest in the world specialising in the collection and sale of insects to museums, scientific institutions, and individuals.
Death and funeral of Corazon Aquino
Corazon Cojuangco-Aquino, the 11th president of the Philippines, died on August 1, 2009, at the Makati Medical Center in Makati of cardiorespiratory arrest after being in hospital since June 2009, and was first diagnosed with colorectal cancer in 2008.

The Aquino family declined an invitation by government to grant the former president a state funeral. Her funeral was held on August 5, 2009, and her body was buried at the Manila Memorial Park in Parañaque. She is the first woman and the second President and layman after Carlos P. Garcia to have their wake at the Manila Cathedral.

Wake (ceremony)
A wake or visitation is a social gathering associated with death, held before a funeral. Traditionally, a wake involves family and friends keeping watch over the body of the dead person, usually in the home of the deceased. Some wakes are held at a funeral home or another convenient location. The wake or the viewing of the body is a part of death rituals in many cultures. It allows one last interaction with the dead, providing a time for the living to express their thoughts and feelings with the deceased. It highlights the idea that the loss is borne by the whole community and is a way of honoring the deceased member. The emotional tone of a wake is sometimes seen as more positive than a funeral due to the socially supportive atmosphere and the focus on the life rather than the death of the deceased.

In many cultures a reception is held to celebrate the life of the deceased after the funeral rather than before it.
L. A. Ring House
The L. A. Ring House L. A. Rings Villa, located at Havnevej 25, is the former home of painter L. A. Ring and his wife Sigrid Ring, née Kähler in the Sankt Jørgensbjerg district of Roskilde, Denmark. The house is located on a sloping site overlooking St. Jørgensbjerg Village, Roskilde Harbour, and Roskilde Cathedral. It was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 2001.

The house is a private residence without public access. Ring was for a while also the owner of an adjacent property at Brøndgade 1, which was used as an extra studio. This building was converted by a private association (L. A. Rings Venner) into a visitor center under the name L. A. Rings Atelier in 2017.

Næstved
Næstved (Danish pronunciation: [ˈnestve̝ð]) is a town in the municipality of the same name, located in the southern part of the island of Zealand in Denmark.

Næstved has several adult education centers, five elementary schools - and has at least one of each type of the four upper-second-level education centers. The city has the largest high school in Denmark, Næstved Gymnasium & HF.
Tennis at the 2011 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival
Tennis at the 2011 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival was held from 25 to 29 July 2011. The competitions took place at the Beşirli Court in Trabzon, Turkey. Boys and girls born 1996/1997 or later participated at following 2 disciplines for boys and 2 for girls.

Trabzon
Trabzon is a city on the Black Sea coast of northeastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. Historically known as Trebizond, the city was founded in 756 BC as Trapezous by Greek colonists from Miletus. It was added into the Achaemenid Empire by Cyrus the Great and was later part of the independent Kingdom of Pontus that challenged Rome until 68 BC. Thenceforth part of the Roman and later Byzantine Empire, the city was the capital of the Empire of Trebizond, one of the successor states of the Byzantine Empire after the Fourth Crusade in 1204. In 1461 it came under Ottoman rule.

During the early modern period, Trabzon, because of the importance of its port, again became a focal point of trade to Persia and the Caucasus. Today Trabzon is the second largest city and port on the Black Sea coast of Turkey with a population of almost 300,000. The urban population of the city is 330,836 (Ortahisar), with a metropolitan population of 822,270. Trabzon has 18 districts in total.
Marc Draisen
Marc D. Draisen (born December 22, 1956, in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American Urban planner and politician who represented the 11th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1991 to 1995. He was a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts in 1994, but lost in the Democratic primary to Bob Massie.

Draisen is currently the executive director of the Metropolitan Area Planning Council. He is also the former chairman of Massachusetts Voters for Clean Elections and the former president and executive director of the Massachusetts Association of Community Development Corporations.
He has a wife Sara Barcan, one son, Samuel Draisen, and one daughter Katie Draisen.

Bob Massie (activist)
Robert Kinloch "Bob" Massie IV (born August 17, 1956) is an American activist, author, clergyman and early pioneer in the fields of corporate accountability, finance, sustainability, and climate change. He has created or led several organizations, including Ceres, the Global Reporting Initiative, the Investor Network on Climate Risk, the New Economy Coalition and the Sustainable Solutions Lab. His early activism centered on opposition to South Africa's apartheid regime, writing about the relationship between the U.S. and South Africa in the apartheid era.
Padule
Padule is a frazione of the comune of Cascia in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 601 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 45 inhabitants.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Subhash Modi
Subhash Ranchoddas Modi (born 30 March 1946) is a Kenyan umpire and former cricketer. Modi has served as the chairman, secretary and treasurer of Kenya Cricket Umpires and Scorers Association. The organisation awarded him life membership for his services. He also played for Kenya in 1969.

He has officiated in the Commonwealth Games in Malaysia; ICC Trophy; as fourth umpire in the 1999 World Cup as well as the Champions Trophy in 2000 in full ODIs.

Modi's son Hitesh Modi has captained the Kenyan national cricket team. The pair are unique as the only father/son pair to appear as Player and umpire in the same One-day International against Bangladesh at Nairobi in August 2006; father gave son out lbw.

Umpire (cricket)
In cricket, an umpire (from the Old French nompere meaning not a peer, that is, not a  member of one of the teams, impartial) is a person who has the authority to make decisions about events on the cricket field according to the Laws of Cricket. Besides making decisions about legality of delivery, appeals for wickets and general conduct of the game in a legal manner, the umpire also keeps a record of the deliveries and announces the completion of an over.

The umpires in cricket are not to be confused with the referee who usually presides only over international matches and makes no decisions affecting the outcome of the game.
Coolidge station
Coolidge station was a train station in Coolidge, Arizona, served by Amtrak's Sunset Limited and Texas Eagle trains. Amtrak service to this station was discontinued in June 1996 when trains were rerouted to Maricopa.

As of 2023, Amtrak is planning to restore train service to Coolidge on a route between Phoenix and Tucson. The exact station location has yet to be determined. In addition, the FRA indicated in February 2023 that it was studying a re-route of the Sunset Limited from Maricopa back to Phoenix as part of the Long-Distance Service Study ordered by the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. It is not known if the Sunset Limited would again stop in Coolidge.

Texas Eagle
The Texas Eagle is a long-distance passenger train operated daily by Amtrak on a 1,306-mile (2,102 km) route between Chicago, Illinois, and San Antonio, Texas, with major stops in St. Louis, Little Rock, Dallas, Fort Worth, and Austin. Three days per week, the train joins the Sunset Limited in San Antonio and continues to Los Angeles via El Paso and Tucson. The combined 2,728-mile (4,390 km) route is the longest in the United States and the second-longest in the Americas, after the Canadian.

Prior to 1988, the train was known simply as the Eagle.
Malis
Malis is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandros Malis (born 1997), Greek footballer

Claire Malis (1943–2012), American actress

Cy Malis (1907–1971), American baseball player

David Malis (1957), American operatic baritone

Claire Malis
Claire Malis (February 17, 1943 – August 24, 2012) was an American actress. In later years she was often credited as Claire Malis Callaway.

Malis was perhaps best known as the second actress to play Dr. Dorian Lord on the ABC daytime soap opera One Life to Live from 1977 to 1979. She appeared in the 1980 television series From Here to Eternity as Dr. Anne Brewster. The 13-episode series continued the story of the 1979 miniseries of the same name. Malis went on to guest star on numerous drama and comedy TV series and multiple films. Between 1983 and 1988 Malis portrayed Rose Polniaczek, mother of series regular Jo, in six episodes of the NBC sitcom The Facts of Life.
Giuseppe Chialli
Giuseppe Chialli (1800 in Città di Castello – 23 December 1839 in Rome) was an Italian sculptor.

He was the younger brother of the painter Vincenzo Chialli. He first studied in Rome under Antonio Canova, and moved in 1819 with Tommaso Minardi to Perugia. Afterwards, he was an assistant to Thorvaldsen. Among his works are a bas relief of the Judgement of Paris and  the statue of St Mark in the niche to the right of the entrance of the Church of Gran Madre di Dio, Turin.

Città di Castello
Città di Castello (Italian pronunciation: [tʃitˈta ddi kasˈtɛllo], lit. 'Castle Town') is a city and comune (municipality) in the province of Perugia, in the northern part of Umbria. It is situated on a slope of the Apennines, on the flood plain along the upper part of the river Tiber. The city is 56 km (35 mi) north of Perugia and 104 km (65 mi) south of Cesena, Emilia-Romagna, on the highway SS 3 bis. It is connected by the SS 73 with Arezzo, Tuscany, and the A1 highway, situated 38 km (23 mi) west. The comune of Città di Castello has an exclave named Monte Ruperto within Marche.
Gloeobacterales
Gloeobacterales is an order of cyanobacteria. Two of its members, Gloeobacter and Anthocerotibacter, diverged 1.4 billion years ago. Members of this order differ from other cyanobacteria in that they have no thylakoids, yet like other cyanobacteria (and hence unlike other photosynthetic bacteria) they possess both photosystem I and photosystem II: they put the photosystems on the cytoplasmic membrane. Understanding how photosynthesis works in this order should shed light on the evolution of oxygen-producing photosynthesis.

Thylakoid
Thylakoids are membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stromal thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.

In thylakoid membranes, chlorophyll pigments are found in packets called quantasomes. Each quantasome contains 230 to 250 chlorophyll molecules.
Telos (Zedd album)
Telos is the third studio album by electronic music producer Zedd, released on 30 August 2024 through Interscope Records. It features collaborations and guest appearances from Bava, Bea Miller, Ellis, Grey, the Olllam, Remi Wolf, the late Jeff Buckley, Mesto, Dora Jar, John Mayer, and Muse. Production was handled by Zedd himself alongside Ellis, Grey, and Mesto. Preceded by the singles "Out of Time" and "Lucky", it marks Zedd's first album in nine years since True Colors (2015). Telos was nominated for Best Dance/Electronic Album at the 67th Grammy Awards, Zedd's 6th nomination, and first in that category.

Dora Jar
Dora Jarkowski (born October 12, 1996), known professionally as Dora Jar, is an American bedroom pop musician. She has released a studio album, two extended plays, and three singles as of 2024. She has been included on Vogue's "22 Rising Musicians Set To Rule 2022" and Alternative Press's "Rising Artists" lists, among others.
Zhang Xian (deity)
Zhang Xian (Chinese: 張仙; pinyin: Zhāng Xiān) is a Chinese god who is the enemy of the tiangou (Chinese: 天狗; pinyin: tiāngǒu; Wade–Giles: t'ien1-kou3; lit. 'Heavenly Dog'), a legendary creature in the form of a dog who creates eclipses. It is said that he protects his children from the dog with his bow and arrows. He is often depicted aiming at the sky, waiting for the beast to appear.

He is the god of birth and the protector of male children. Many sought him to give them male offspring and to protect their living children.

Legendary creature
A legendary creature is a type of supernatural entity that is described in folklore (including myths and legends), and may be featured in historical accounts before modernity, but has not been scientifically shown to exist.

In the classical era, monstrous creatures such as the Cyclops and the Minotaur appear in heroic tales for the protagonist to destroy. Other creatures, such as the unicorn, were claimed in accounts of natural history by various scholars of antiquity. Some legendary creatures are hybrid beasts or Chimeras.

Some legendary creatures originated in traditional mythology and were believed to be real creatures—for example, dragons, griffins and unicorns. Others are based on real encounters or garbled accounts of travellers' tales, such as the Vegetable Lamb of Tartary, a sheeplike animal which supposedly grew tethered to the earth.
Richard A. Friedman
Richard Alan Friedman is professor of clinical psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medical College, attending psychiatrist at NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital and director of psychopharmacology at the Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic. He is an expert in the pharmacologic treatment of personality, mood and anxiety disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorder, PTSD and refractory depression.

NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
The NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (abbreviated as NYP) is a nonprofit academic medical center in New York City. It is the primary teaching hospital for Weill Cornell Medicine and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. The hospital includes nine campuses located throughout the New York metropolitan area. The hospital's two flagship medical centers, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Weill Cornell Medical Center, are located on opposite sides of Upper Manhattan.

As of 2022, the hospital is ranked the seventh-best hospital in the United States and second-best in the New York City metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report. The hospital has more than 6,500 affiliated physicians, 20,000 employees and operates 4,000+ beds in total. It is one of the largest hospitals in the world. NYPH annually treats about 310,000 patients in its emergency department and delivers about 15,000 babies.