hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Photographic lighting
Photographic lighting refers to how a light source, artificial or natural, illuminates the scene or subject that is photographed; put simply, it is lighting in regards to photography. Photographers can manipulate the positioning and the quality of a light source to create visual effects, potentially changing aspects of the photograph such as clarity, tone and saturation to create an accurate rendition of the scene.

Lighting determines exposure and can be used to create effects such as low-key and high-key lighting, both of which involve the contrast between darker and lighter elements in a scene. Lighting is especially important for monochrome photography, where there is limited to no color information, and exclusively includes the interplay of highlights and shadows.

Visual effects
Visual effects (sometimes abbreviated as VFX) is the process by which imagery is created or manipulated outside the context of a live-action shot in filmmaking and video production.
The integration of live-action footage and other live-action footage or computer-generated imagery (CGI) elements to create realistic imagery is called VFX.

VFX involves the integration of live-action footage (which may include in-camera special effects) and generated-imagery (digital or optics, animals or creatures) which look realistic, but would be dangerous, expensive, impractical, time-consuming or impossible to capture on film. Visual effects using CGI have more recently become accessible to the independent filmmaker with the introduction of affordable and relatively easy-to-use animation and compositing software.
Knobble Head
Knobble Head (63°9′S 56°32′W﻿ / ﻿63.150°S 56.533°W﻿ / -63.150; -56.533) is a conspicuous rock exposure forming the eastern extremity of Bransfield Island in Antarctic Sound. This descriptive name was given to the formation by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey survey party of 1960–61.

Antarctic Sound
The Antarctic Sound is a body of water about 30 nautical miles (56 km; 35 mi) long and from 7 to 12 nautical miles (13 to 22 km; 8 to 14 mi) wide, separating the Joinville Island group from the northeast end of the Antarctic Peninsula. The sound was named by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Otto Nordenskjöld for the expedition ship Antarctic which in 1902, under the command of Carl Anton Larsen, was the first vessel to navigate it. Since 1998 cruise ships have been visiting the area.
Nambikwara language
Nambikwara (also called Nambiquara and Southern Nambiquara to distinguish it from Mamaindê) is an indigenous language spoken by the Nambikwara, who reside on federal reserves covering approximately 50,000 square kilometres of land in Mato Grosso and neighbouring parts of Rondônia in Brazil. UNESCO’s Atlas of the World Languages in Danger classifies Nambikwara as vulnerable.

Indigenous language
An Indigenous language, or autochthonous language, is a language that is native to a region and spoken by its Indigenous peoples. Indigenous languages are not necessarily national languages but they can be; for example, Aymara is both an Indigenous language and an official language of Bolivia. Also, national languages are not necessarily Indigenous to the country.

Many Indigenous peoples worldwide have stopped the generational passage of their ancestral languages and have instead adopted the majority language as part of their acculturation into their host culture. Furthermore, many Indigenous languages have been subject to linguicide (language killing). Recognizing their vulnerability, the United Nations proclaimed 2019 the International Year of Indigenous Languages "to draw attention to the critical loss of Indigenous languages and the urgent need to preserve, revitalize and promote Indigenous languages."
CSP UM Timișoara
Clubul Sportiv Profesionist UM Timișoara, commonly known as UM Timișoara or simply UMT, was a Romanian professional football team from Timișoara, Timiș County, founded in 1960 and dissolved in 2008. Although it did not achieve major success during its existence, UMT managed to compete for one season in the Romanian top flight.

Timiș County
Timiș (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈtimiʃ]) is a county (județ) of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land area. The county is also part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Jacob Wolfowitz
Jacob Wolfowitz (March 19, 1910 – July 16, 1981) was a Polish-born American Jewish statistician and Shannon Award-winning information theorist.  He was the father of former United States Deputy Secretary of Defense and World Bank Group President Paul Wolfowitz.

Claude E. Shannon Award
The Claude E. Shannon Award of the IEEE Information Theory Society was created to honor consistent and profound contributions to the field of information theory. Each Shannon Award winner is expected to present a Shannon Lecture at the following IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory. It is a prestigious prize in information theory, covering technical contributions at the intersection of mathematics, communication engineering, and theoretical computer science. It is the highest honor given by the IEEE Information Theory Society and is also regarded as the highest award in the entire field of information theory.

It is named for Claude E. Shannon, who was also the first recipient in 1973.
Tatsuhiro Muramoto
Tatsuhiro Muramoto (村元 辰寛, Muramoto Tatsuhiro; born 4 September 1976) is a retired Japanese judoka.

Muramoto is from Nagasaki, Nagasaki and began judo at the age of 6. He belonged to Asahi Kasei after graduation from Tenri University in 1999.

Muramoto was good at Uchimata and Harai goshi.

In 2000, he won a gold medal at the Asian Championships held in Osaka, Japan. He was also participate All-Japan Championships 8 times. He was expected to get medal of Olympic Games or World Championships but could not participate by the trouble of the knee since 1995.

Muramoto retired in 2007. Now, he has coached judo at Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences since 2009.

Harai goshi
Harai goshi (払腰) is one of the original 40 throws of Judo as developed by Kano Jigoro.  It belongs to the second group of the traditional throwing list in the Gokyo no waza of the Kodokan Judo. It is also part of the current 67 Throws of Kodokan Judo, and classified as a hip technique (koshiwaza). Harai goshi is also one of the 20 techniques in Danzan ryu's Nagete list as well as one of the 18 throws in the Kar-do-Jitsu-Ryu martial arts system. English terms include "Sweeping hip throw" and "Hip Sweep".
Madeira Football Association
The Madeira Football Association (Associação de Futebol da Madeira, abrv. AF Madeira) is the regional governing body for the all football competitions in the former Portuguese district of Funchal, including both Madeira Island and Porto Santo Island. It is also the regulator of the clubs registered in the autonomous region.

The association was founded as the Funchal Football Association (Associação de Futebol do Funchal) in 1916, before being renamed as the Madeira Football Association in 1996.

Porto Santo Island
Porto Santo Island (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpoɾtu ˈsɐ̃tu] ⓘ; Portuguese: Ilha do Porto Santo) is a Portuguese island and municipality 43 kilometres (23 nautical miles) northeast of Madeira Island in the North Atlantic Ocean; it is the northernmost and easternmost island of the archipelago of Madeira, located in the Atlantic Ocean west of Europe and Africa.
The municipality of Porto Santo occupies the entire island and small neighbouring islands. It was elevated to city status on 6 August 1996. The sole parish of the municipality is also named Porto Santo. The population in 2011 was 5,483, in an area of 42.59 km2. The main settlement on the island is Vila Baleira.
The Persistence of Memory (album)
The Persistence of Memory is the fourth studio album by the rock band Emigrate. It was released on November 12, 2021, through Sony Music Entertainment. Recording sessions took place at Studio Engine 55 in Berlin, at Funkhaus Studio in Berlin-Treptow-Köpenick, and at Sky van Hoff Studios. Production was handled by Richard Kruspe, Sky van Hoff and Olsen Involtini. It features a guest appearance from Till Lindemann. The album debuted at number 39 on the Offizielle Deutsche Charts.

Music videos were released for "Freeze My Mind" and "You Can't Run Away", both directed by Anuk Rohde, and "I'm Still Alive", directed by David Gesslbauer.

Till Lindemann
Till Lindemann (German pronunciation: [tɪl ˈlɪndəman]; born 4 January 1963) is a German singer-songwriter and poet, best known as the lead vocalist and lyricist of the Neue Deutsche Härte band Rammstein. Renowned for his theatrical stage performances, poetic lyrics, and distinctive bass-baritone voice, he is a central figure in the band’s international success. He was also part of the musical project Lindemann before beginning to release music under his own name. He has appeared in several films in minor roles and has published three books of poetry.

Rammstein has sold over 25 million records worldwide, with five of their albums receiving platinum status, and Lindemann has been listed among the "50 Greatest Metal Frontmen of All Time" by Roadrunner Records.
Scott White (director)
Scott White is an American television director and producer. He is perhaps best known for his work on the series Without a Trace, working under different capacities as a director, producer and unit production manager throughout the show's run (2002–2009).

His other directing credits include Dream On, CSI: NY and Ringer.

His producing television credits include Freddy's Nightmares, Fudge (also director), Burn Notice, as well producing a number of television films.

White has also had experience working as an assistant director and unit production manager on many feature films, television films and television series. As well as having bit acting roles sporadically from 1967 to 2002.

Burn Notice
Burn Notice is an American spy drama television series created by Matt Nix. The show originally aired on the USA Network from June 28, 2007, to September 12, 2013. The show stars Jeffrey Donovan, Gabrielle Anwar, Bruce Campbell, Sharon Gless, and (beginning in season four) Coby Bell.

The show focuses on Michael Westen (Donovan), a former spy who was fired and cut off from the legitimate world by the agency he used to work for. Trapped in Miami with few resources, Westen takes jobs as an unlicensed private investigator while unraveling the mystery of who burned him and why.

Burn Notice received generally positive reviews from critics for its pace, its humor, its dialogue, and its combination of espionage and crime drama presented in an irreverent tone. In 2010, the series was the #2 cable scripted series by viewership with 6.7 million viewers, behind Royal Pains. The show also spawned a prequel movie and multiple tie-in novels.
2025–26 Singapore Cup
The 2025–26 Singapore Cup was the 26th edition of the Singapore Cup, Singapore's annual premier club football knock-out tournament organised by the Football Association of Singapore (FAS).

The winner qualified to the group stage of the 2026–27 AFC Champions League Two. Lion City Sailors are the defending champions, having won the tournament in the previous season. Sailors won the final 2–0 to retain the trophy. FAS awarded the Sailors a 3–0 score after Tampines Rovers FC failed to maintained at least four Singaporean players in the team during the match.

2026–27 AFC Champions League Two
The 2026–27 AFC Champions League Two will be the 23rd edition of the Asia's second-tier club football tournament, organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and the third under the AFC Champions League Two title.

The tournament will feature 32 teams in the group stage. The winner will be given a play-off slot for the 2027–28 AFC Champions League Elite, if they have not already qualified through their domestic performance.
Boletus curtisii
Boletus curtisii is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Once classified as a species of Pulveroboletus, the yellow color of B. curtisii is a result of pigments chemically distinct from those responsible for the yellow coloring of Pulveroboletus.

It produces small- to medium-sized fruit bodies (mushrooms) with a convex cap up to 9.5 cm (3.7 in) wide atop a slender stem that can reach a length of 12 cm (4.7 in). In young specimens, the cap and stem are bright golden yellow, although the color dulls to brownish when old. Both the stem and cap are slimy or sticky when young. On the underside of the cap are small circular to angular pores.

The mushroom is found in eastern and southern North America, where it grows in a mycorrhizal association with hardwood and conifer trees. It is edible, but not appealing.

Hardwood
Hardwood is wood from angiosperm trees. These are usually found in broad-leaved temperate and tropical forests. In temperate and boreal latitudes they are mostly deciduous, but in tropics and subtropics mostly evergreen. Hardwood (which comes from angiosperm trees) contrasts with softwood (which is from gymnosperm trees).
Hart House (Lynnfield, Massachusetts)
The Hart House is a historic First Period house in Lynnfield, Massachusetts.  The two story, three bay wood-frame house was built in stages. The oldest portion is the front of the house, consisting of two stories of rooms on either side of a central chimney.  It was probably built by John Hiram Perkins, the owner of the property from 1695 to 1719.  Not long afterward, a leanto section was added to the rear, giving the house its saltbox appearance.  It was acquired by John Hart in 1838, and it remained in his family until 1945.  Even though the house underwent a major rehabilitation in 1968, its First Period construction is still evident.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Lynnfield, Massachusetts
Lynnfield is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. At the 2020 census, the town population was 13,000.

Lynnfield initially consisted of two distinct villages with a single governing body. Lynnfield Center had a mostly agricultural population, while South Lynnfield had a mixed culture. Together, the two towns evolved into one of the most prosperous suburbs in the North Shore region of Massachusetts.
Kornog
Kornog  ("The West Wind" in Breton) is a Breton folk music band formed in 1980 which plays traditional Breton or Celtic tunes and compositions. It was one of the most influential Celtic groups of the 1980s and one of the only representatives of Breton music to perform in the United States.

Fest noz
A fest noz (sometimes hyphenated as fest-noz; "night festival" in Breton) is a Breton traditional festival, with dancing in groups and live musicians playing acoustic instruments.

Although easy to write off the fest nozou and fêtes folkloriques as modern inventions, most of the traditional dances of the fest noz are ancient, some dating back to the Middle Ages, providing a way for the community to grasp hold of its past and relish a deep sense of being with ancestors and with place.

The plural in Breton is festoù noz, but the Goadec Sisters (a family of traditional singers) used to say festnozoù, and the French may also say in French des fest-noz.

On 5 December 2012 the fest noz was added by UNESCO to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Narodni list
Narodni list (English: people's paper) is an independent Croatian weekly newspaper published in Zadar, founded in 1862, making it the oldest in Croatia. Narodni list, being independent, has a reputation of writing about things other newspapers dare not touch, such as corruption and nepotism among politicians, which often includes writing about organized crime.

This newspaper is not to be confused with Narodni list (USA) that was published in New York by Frank Zotti from 1895.

Nepotism
Nepotism is the act of granting an advantage, privilege, or position to relatives in an occupation or field. These fields can include business, politics, academia, entertainment, sports, religion or health care. In concept, it is similar to cronyism.

The term originated with the assignment of nephews, sons, or other relatives to important positions by Catholic popes and bishops. Nepotism has been criticized since ancient history by philosophers, including Aristotle, Valluvar, and Confucius, condemning it as both evil and unwise.
The Lost Island of Alanna
The Lost Island of Alanna is a graphic adventure video game and marketing initiative conceived and directed by Dale Leary and developed with partner Michael Hall of Raintree Media for Coca-Cola Cherry. The game was produced for the brand in the fall of 1997 and released in the spring of 1998.

The Lost Island of Alanna represents an early example of integrated, digital, viral and social marketing using the internet. Alanna included a distributed CD-ROM game, integrated social chat rooms, under-the-cap codes, special product packaging, advertising, outdoor, and two promotional websites. It was all created, produced and managed nationally by Raintree Media throughout the full promotional duration.

Coca-Cola Cherry
Coca-Cola Cherry, also referred to by its original name Cherry Coke, is a cherry-flavored version of Coca-Cola. It is produced and distributed by the Coca-Cola Company and its bottlers in the United States and some international markets. Coca-Cola Cherry was originally launched in 1985, the very first flavored cola to be distributed by the company, and their second ever product extending the original Coca-Cola brand following the launch of Diet Coke in 1982. Today there are also no-calorie variants based on Diet Coke and Coca-Cola Zero Sugar. In addition, the drink is also available microdispensed through Coca-Cola's Freestyle vending machines.
No Gettin' Out
No Gettin' Out is the first studio album by The Ducky Boys. It was recorded and released in 1997.

John O'Neill of The Worcester Phoenix called it "an effective, straightforward affair that showed a young band with promise but ultimately suffered from redundant production."

The Phoenix (newspaper)
The Phoenix (stylized as The Phœnix) was the name of several alternative weekly periodicals published in the United States by Phoenix Media/Communications Group of Boston, Massachusetts, including the now defunct Boston Phoenix, Providence Phoenix, Portland Phoenix, and Worcester Phoenix. These publications emphasized local arts and entertainment coverage as well as lifestyle and political coverage. The Portland Phoenix, which folded in 2019, was revived a few months later by another company, New Portland Publishing. The newspaper closed in 2023.

The papers, like most alternative weeklies, are somewhat similar in format and editorial content to The Village Voice.
Appenweier–Strasbourg railway
The Appenweier–Strasbourg railway is a major railway line linking the French TGV station at Strasbourg with the German Rhine Valley Railway (Rheintalbahn) and the Karlsruhe–Basel high-speed railway (between Offenburg and Baden-Baden stations). It is almost entirely double-tracked and fully electrified. The section between Kehl and Appenweier is undergoing modernisation with the goal of a maximum speed of 200 km/h. The French section is owned by SNCF; the German section is owned by Deutsche Bahn.

Baden-Baden
Baden-Baden (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːdn̩ ˈbaːdn̩] ⓘ) is a spa town in the state of Baden-Württemberg, south-western Germany, at the north-western border of the Black Forest mountain range on the small river Oos, ten kilometres (six miles) east of the Rhine, the border with France, and forty kilometres (twenty-five miles) north-east of Strasbourg, France.

In 2021, the town became part of the transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name "Great Spa Towns of Europe", because of its famous spas and architecture that exemplifies the popularity of spa towns in Europe in the 18th through 20th centuries.
Chandratiya Temple
The Chandratiya Temple is a Hindu temple located in the town of Barsur, in the Dantewada district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. The temple is dedicated to one of the principal Hindu deities, Shiva, also known as Mahadev. Barsur is located on the bank of the Indravati River and the temple is situated on the bank of Buddha Pond. The temple is named after the Mahamandleshwar Chandraditya, who was a feudatory chief of that time.

Chandraditya (Chalukya dynasty)
Chandraditya (IAST: Chandrādityā, r. c. 646-649) was a king of the Chalukya dynasty of Vatapi that ruled in the Deccan region of peninsular India. His father Pulakeshin II was a powerful emperor, who was defeated and most probably killed during a Pallava invasion. Chandrāditya is known from the Jain meguti basadi inscription at Aihole (634 CE).

Chandraditya was probably among the kings who held the weakened throne for a brief period after Pulakeshin's death, having been preceded by his brother Adityavarman, and Adityavarman's son Abhinavaditya. After his death, his wife Vijaya-Bhattarika appears to have ruled as a regent on behalf of their minor son. During this period, his brother Vikramaditya I, who later ascended the throne, seems to have restored the Chalukya power as the supreme commander of the Chalukya army.
152 H 88
152 H 88 is the name of a series of modernized 152 mm towed heavy howitzers with 32 caliber barrels. The guns of the series  share the same barrel as well as other similar qualities, but differ slightly in appearance, since they consist of three different, older (modernized) versions. The modernization was carried out by Vammas Oy from 1988 to mid-1990s. The modernization project consisted of numerous modifications to the guns, some of which had already undergone earlier smaller modifications. The most important change was the replacement of the original barrels by a Finnish-made 152 mm barrel. Also the gun carriages were subjected to various modifications. After the modernization, increased towing speeds were made possible. The breech mechanism is manually operated in all the guns. All the 152 H 88 series artillery pieces are being withdrawn from service and scrapped (as of 2007).

Gun carriage
A gun carriage is a frame or a mount that supports the gun barrel of an artillery piece, allowing it to be maneuvered and fired. These platforms often had wheels so that the artillery pieces could be moved more easily. Gun carriages are also used on ships to facilitate the movement and aiming of large cannons and guns. These are also used in the funeral procession of any higher authority of any state and country.
Protecting Lawful Streaming Act
The Protecting Lawful Streaming Act of 2020 is a United States law that makes it a felony to engage in large-scale streaming of copyright material. The bill was introduced by Senator Thom Tillis on December 10, 2020. The bill was added to the omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (CAA), and is located in Division Q, Title II, § 211 of the CAA. The CAA passed the house and the senate on December 21, 2020, and was signed into law by President Donald Trump on December 27, 2020.

Public Knowledge
Public Knowledge is an American non-profit public interest group based in Washington, D.C. Founded in 2001 by David Bollier, Gigi Sohn, and Laurie Racine, Public Knowledge is primarily involved in the fields of intellectual property law, competition and choice in the digital marketplace, and an open standards/end-to-end internet.