hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sandra Smith (criminal)
Sandra Smith (c. 1965 – 2 June 1989) was a South African woman condemned to death by hanging in 1986, alongside her boyfriend, Yassiem Harris, for the murder of 16-year-old Jermaine Abrahams during a robbery. She was the last known woman executed in the country. In November 1989, president F W de Klerk ordered a nationwide moratorium, stopping executions until further notice. In S v Makwanyane in 1995, the Constitutional Court of South Africa declared that capital punishment be abolished, being incompatible with the provisional constitution of 1993.

S v Makwanyane
S v Makwanyane and Another (CCT 3/94) was a landmark 1995 judgment of the Constitutional Court of South Africa. It established that capital punishment was inconsistent with the commitment to human rights expressed in the Interim Constitution. The court's ruling invalidated section 277(1)(a) of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977, which had provided for use of the death penalty, along with any similar provisions in any other law in force in South Africa. The court also forbade the government from carrying out the death sentence on any prisoners awaiting execution, ruling that they should remain in prison until new sentences were imposed. Delivered on 6 June, this was the newly established court's "first politically important and publicly controversial holding."
Bayfront Center
Bayfront Center was an indoor arena located in St. Petersburg, Florida that hosted many concerts, sporting and other events. Depending on the configuration, it could hold up to 8,600 people. The arena was opened in 1965 and demolished in 2004. It adjoined the Mahaffey Theater, which is still standing.

American Basketball Association (2000–present)
The American Basketball Association (ABA) is an American semi-professional men's basketball minor league that was founded in 1999.

ABA teams are based in the United States, with one traveling team from Japan. The league previously had international teams based in Canada, China and Mexico. League management infamously maintains low requirements for franchise ownership, and hundreds of ABA teams have either folded or defected to rival leagues.

The league licenses its name and use of ABA trademarks from the National Basketball Association, which absorbed the American Basketball Association (1967–1976) during the ABA–NBA merger. The Women's American Basketball Association has operated as a sister league to the ABA since 2017.
Michael Morgan (Bedfordshire cricketer)
Michael Morgan (born 30 September 1952) is a Scottish former cricketer.  Morgan was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break.  He was born in Edinburgh, Midlothian.

Morgan made his debut for Bedfordshire in the 1974 Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire.  He played Minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1974 to 1987, which included 101 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 8 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches.  He made his List A debut against Northumberland in the 1977 Gillette Cup.  He made 2 further List A appearances, against Somerset in the 1982 NatWest Trophy and Gloucestershire in the 1985 NatWest Trophy.  In his 3 List A matches, he scored 32 runs at an average of 10.66, with a high score of 13.

His brother, Gordon, played List A and Minor counties cricket for Suffolk.

Suffolk County Cricket Club
Suffolk County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Suffolk.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Suffolk played List A matches occasionally from 1966 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
Hiroshi Sekiguchi
Hiroshi Sekiguchi (関口 宏, Sekiguchi Hiroshi; born 13 July 1943) is a Japanese actor, tarento, television presenter, newscaster, businessman and manager. He is a representative of the talent agency Sankei. He lives in Setagaya, Tokyo. He is the eldest of two brothers.

Sekiguchi's father is Shuji Sano, who was also an actor, and his brother is Mamoru Sano. His wife is singer Sachiko Nishida, and his son is actor and tarento Tomohiro Sekiguchi. Sekiguchi's grandfather is Kamijiro Sekiguchi (Konsan Sekiguchi) who was a steeplejack for the National Diet Building. His high school classmate was Ryuzo Hayashi, who was also an actor.

Shūji Sano
Shūji Sano (佐野周二, Sano Shūji; October 10, 1912 – December 21, 1978) was a Japanese actor active from 1936 to 1977. A popular star of the Shōchiku film studios, he is best known for his appearances in the films of Yasujirō Ozu, Keisuke Kinoshita, Heinosuke Gosho and Hiroshi Shimizu.
Caol and Mallaig (ward)
Caol and Mallaig is one of the 21 wards used to elect members of the Highland Council.  It includes the Caol area of the town of Fort William, Arisaig, the town of Mallaig, and the Small Isles. It elects four Councillors.

Caol
Caol (Gaelic: An Caol) is a village near Fort William, in the Highland council area of Scotland. It is about 1+1⁄4 miles (2 kilometres) north of Fort William town centre, on the shore of Loch Linnhe, and is within the parish of Kilmallie.

The name "Caol" is from the Gaelic for "narrow", in this case referring to the narrow water between Loch Linnhe and Loch Eil.

The Caledonian Canal passes by to the north-west of Caol near the rotator cuffs, and the Great Glen Way long-distance footpath passes through the village before it follows the canal towpath.

The village is largely residential, and has three primary schools, Caol Primary School; St Columba’s RC Primary School; and, for Scottish Gaelic-medium education, the Bun-sgoil Ghàidhlig Loch Abar, which has hosted the Lochaber Mòd since 2016.

The local shinty team is Kilmallie Shinty Club, which plays at Canal Park in the west of Caol on the “Moominmamma” pitches.
Cherokee One Feather
The Cherokee One Feather is an English language newspaper in North Carolina published on the Qualla Boundary of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians in Cherokee, North Carolina. It has been published since at least 1967. Robert Jumper is its editor. It covers news, sports, arts, culture, community views, and tribal government activities relevant to the EBCI and the broader Indian Country.

The paper has received awards for its work.

The paper has covered events promoting the tribes' cultural identity.

Margaret Bender wrote about the paper noting its popularity in the community and influential role in North Carolina's Cherokee community.

Qualla Boundary
The Qualla Boundary or The Qualla is territory held as a land trust by the United States government for the federally recognized Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (EBCI), who reside in Western North Carolina. The area is part of the large historic Cherokee territory in the Southeast, which extended into eastern Tennessee, western South Carolina, northern Georgia, and Alabama. Currently, the largest contiguous portion of the Qualla lies in Haywood, Swain, and Jackson counties and is centered on the community of Cherokee, which serves as the tribal capital of the EBCI. Smaller, non-contiguous parcels also lie in Graham and Cherokee counties, near the communities of Snowbird and Murphy, respectively.

The tribe purchased this land in the 1870s, and it was subsequently placed under federal protective trust; it is not a reservation created by the government. Individuals can buy, own, and sell the land, provided they are enrolled members of EBCI tribe.
Virgin Territory
Virgin Territory is a 2007 romantic comedy film directed by David Leland. It was the last film produced by Dino De Laurentiis. The film stars Hayden Christensen, Mischa Barton, Tim Roth, Rosalind Halstead and
Kate Groombridge. It is based upon Giovanni Boccaccio's 14th-century tale The Decameron. The film was released in France on December 12, 2007.

Martina Topley-Bird
Martina Gillian Topley-Bird (née Topley; born 7 May 1975) is an English singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist who first gained fame as the featured female vocalist on trip hop pioneer Tricky's debut album, Maxinquaye (1995). She also worked with him on his subsequent albums, Nearly God and Pre-Millennium Tension (both in 1996). In 2003, Topley-Bird released her debut solo album, Quixotic, which was critically praised and earned her a Mercury Prize nomination.

This was followed by Anything (2004), The Blue God (2008), and Some Place Simple (2010). She has also collaborated with Gorillaz, appearing on their album Demon Days (2005), as well as with Mark Lanegan, Diplo, and Massive Attack on Heligoland (2010), which she followed by a world tour with the group. Her song "Sandpaper Kisses" was covered by Stephen Marley and sampled by artists such as Berry Weight and The Weeknd and used in the video game Fahrenheit.
Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRTase) is an enzyme encoded by the APRT gene, found in humans on chromosome 16. It is part of the Type I PRTase family and is involved in the nucleotide salvage pathway, which provides an alternative to nucleotide biosynthesis de novo in humans and most other animals. In parasitic protozoa such as giardia, APRTase provides the sole mechanism by which AMP can be produced. APRTase deficiency contributes to the formation of kidney stones (urolithiasis) and to potential kidney failure.

Giardia
Giardia (/dʒiːˈɑːrdiə/ or /ˈdʒɑːrdiə/) is a genus of anaerobic flagellated protozoan parasites of the phylum Metamonada that colonise and reproduce in the small intestines of several vertebrates, causing the disease giardiasis. Their life cycle alternates between a binucleated motile trophozoite and an infective, metabolically inert, environmentally resistant tetranucleate cyst. Cysts are transmitted between hosts through the fecal–oral route, contaminated water and/or food. Giardia were first seen by the Dutch microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in 1681 under the light microscope. The genus is named after French zoologist Alfred Mathieu Giard.
Burgo Bridge
The Burgo Bridge (Puente del Burgo) is a medieval bridge, built over an older bridge of Roman origin, which crosses the Lérez River in the city of Pontevedra, Spain. It is on the route of the Portuguese Way to the north of the historic centre of Pontevedra and to the south of the Burgo neighbourhood. Between the arches above the pillars are carved the famous stone pilgrim's shells.

Guard rail
Guard rails, guardrails, railings or protective guarding, in general, are a boundary feature and may be a means to prevent or deter access to dangerous or off-limits areas while allowing light and visibility in a greater way than a fence.  Common shapes are flat, rounded edge, and tubular in horizontal railings, whereas tetraform spear-headed or ball-finialed are most common in vertical railings around homes. Inside the home, at the edge of stairs or balconies, they are called balustrades, especially when of a more elaborate design.  Park and garden railings commonly in metalworking feature swirls, leaves, plate metal areas and/or motifs particularly on and beside gates.

High-security railings (particularly if in flat metal then a type of palisade) may instead feature jagged points and most metals are well-suited to anti-climb paint.

A handrail is less restrictive on its own than a guard rail and provides support.
Oral History of British Science
An Oral History of British Science is an oral history project conducted by National Life Stories at the British Library.  The project began in 2009 with funding from the Arcadia Fund, the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 and a number of other private donors and focuses on audio interviews with British science and engineering figures.

Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851
The Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 is an institution founded in 1850 to administer the Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations, which was held in The Crystal Palace, London.

The founding President of the Commission was Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and its chief administrator was Henry Cole. The current President is Anne, Princess Royal.

The exhibition was a popular and financial success, with a surplus of £186,000 (equivalent to £25,720,000 in 2023). An unusual decision was made to maintain the Royal Commission as a permanent administrative body and to use the profits for charitable purposes. Its revised charter charged the commission with "increasing the means of industrial education, and extending the influence of science and art upon productive industry".
Hunt with the Hounds
Hunt With the Hounds is a mystery novel by Mignon G. Eberhart. It is one of her stand-alone mysteries. It was published as A Witness for my Love in the June & July 1950 issues of Woman's Home Companion, then published by Random House in 1950 as part of its "Detective Book Club" series. It was reprinted as a mass market paperback in 1963 by Popular Library, and in 2011 by Symonds Press (ISBN 978-1447412625).

Popular Library
Popular Library is a New York paperback book company established in 1942 by Leo Margulies and Ned Pines, who at the time were major pulp magazine and newspaper publishers.  The company's logo of a pine tree was a tribute to Pines, and another Popular Library signature visual was a reduced black-and-white copy of the front cover on the title page.

A native of Malden, Massachusetts, Pines became the president of Pines Publications in 1928 and continued to lead the company until 1961. He was the president of Popular Library from 1942 to 1966 and its chairman from 1966 to 1968. Retiring in 1971, he continued to work as a consultant.
Jaguar independent rear suspension
Jaguar's independent rear suspension (IRS) unit has been a common component of a number of Jaguar production cars since 1961, passing through two major changes of configuration up to 2006 and last used in the Jaguar XK8 and Aston Martin DB7.  This article concentrates on the first generation Jaguar IRS, which firmly established the marque's reputation for suspension sophistication, combining as it did smooth ride with excellent roadholding and low levels of noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH).  The two generations overlap in time due to their being used in both full size and sports models that were updated at different times.

Disc brake
A disc brake is a type of brake that uses the calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a disc (sometimes called a [brake] rotor) to create friction. There are two basic types of brake pad friction mechanisms: abrasive friction and adherent friction.  This action slows the rotation of a shaft, such as a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to hold it stationary. The energy of motion is converted into heat, which must be dissipated to the environment. Disc brakes are found in more sophisticated automobiles and are more expensive to manufacture than a drum brake. Disc brakes are also found on a higher end bicycle.

Hydraulically actuated disc brakes are the most commonly used mechanical device for slowing motor vehicles. The principles of a disc brake apply to almost any rotating shaft. The components include the disc, master cylinder, and caliper, which contain at least one cylinder and two brake pads on both sides of the rotating disc.
Sheets Creek
Sheets Creek – also known as Sheets Creek Channel, North Sheets Creek, and Sheets Creek East – is a channel and tidal marsh in the villages of Manorhaven and Port Washington North, located within the Town of North Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, United States.

North Hempstead, New York
North Hempstead (officially known as the Town of North Hempstead) is one of three towns in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 237,639 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the 7th most populous city or town in New York.
Kenneth R. Chien
Kenneth R. Chien (born 1951) is an American doctor and medical scientist who has been a research director at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm since 2013. Chien has several papers with over 1,000 citations and an H-index of 132. His area of expertise is in cardiovascular science. His research into regenerative cardiovascular medicine, specifically while acting as director of the Cardiovascular Program of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, led to his co-founding of ModeRNA Therapeutics in 2010. In 2018, the company re-branded as Moderna, Inc. Chien is a recipient of the Walter Bradford Cannon Award of the American Physiology Society and the Pasarow Award. He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, the Austrian Academy of Sciences, and has received an honorary doctorate from the University of Edinburgh.

Austrian Academy of Sciences
The Austrian Academy of Sciences (German: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften; ÖAW) is a legal entity under the special protection of the Republic of Austria. According to the statutes of the Academy its mission is to promote the sciences and humanities in every respect and in every field, particularly in fundamental research.
Tarasivka, Oleksandriia Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast
Tarasivka (Ukrainian: Тарасівка) is a small village about 70 miles (110 km) east of Kropyvnytskyi in Oleksandriia Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast (province) of southern Ukraine. It is located by the Lake Stepivka. Tarasivka belongs to Popelnaste rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The village is named for Taras Bulba.

Oleksandriia Raion
Oleksandriia Raion is a raion (district) of Kirovohrad Oblast in central Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Oleksandriia, which was incorporated separately as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion prior to 2020. Population: 219,482 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kirovohrad Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Oleksandriia Raion was significantly expanded. Three abolished raions, Onufriivka, Petrove, and Svitlovodsk Raions, as well as Oleksandriia and Svitlovodsk Municipalities, were merged into Oleksandriia Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 33,659 (2020 est.).
Ooooooweeee!!!
Ooooooweeee!!! was the third album by the singer Dusty Springfield to be released in the US, issued on the Philips Records label in 1965 and including the hit single "Losing You". Even more than Springfield's first two US albums, Ooooooweeee!!! can be considered as a compilation since it contains tracks both from her first British album, A Girl Called Dusty, and recordings originally issued on various A- and B-side singles and EPs – recorded and released in the UK over a period of some eighteen months. Ooooooweeee!!! also has tracks from Springfield's September 1964 sessions in New York, produced by Shelby Singleton Jr, some of which remain unreleased in Britain until 1998 and the CD re-issue of the 1965 album, Ev'rything's Coming Up Dusty.

Ooooooweeee!!! was first released on CD by Mercury Records/Universal Music in 1999, with three bonus tracks.

Philips Records
Philips Records was a record label founded by Dutch electronics company Philips and in 1999 was absorbed into Dutch-American music corporation Universal Music Group. It was founded as Philips Phonographische Industrie in 1950. In 1946, Philips acquired the company which pressed records for British Decca's Dutch outlet in Amsterdam.
Loui Eriksson
Loui William Eriksson (born 17 July 1985) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey forward.

Eriksson was selected by the Dallas Stars in the second round, 33rd overall, at the 2003 NHL entry draft, and has also played for the Boston Bruins, Vancouver Canucks, and Arizona Coyotes of the National Hockey League (NHL).

NHL All-Star Game
The National Hockey League All-Star Game (French: Match des étoiles de la Ligue nationale de hockey) is an exhibition ice hockey tournament that is traditionally held during the regular season of the National Hockey League (NHL), with many of the League's star players playing against each other. The games' proceeds benefit the pension fund of the players, and the winning team is awarded $1,000,000 towards a charity of their choice.

The NHL All-Star Game, held in late January or early February, marks the symbolic halfway point in the regular season, though not the mathematical halfway point which, for most seasons, is usually one or two weeks earlier. Between 2007 and 2020, it was held in late January. It was skipped in 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2022 to 2024 editions were held on the first Saturday of February. The 2026 All-Star Game was skipped in favor of allowing players to focus on participating in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
2023 FIBA 3x3 World Cup – Women's tournament
The 2023 FIBA 3x3 World Cup was held in Vienna, Austria from 30 May to 4 June 2023, and contested by 20 teams.

The United States win their third title, after defeated France in the final. While Australia captured bronze.

United States women's national 3x3 team
The USA Women's 3x3 Teams are two of the 3x3 basketball teams under the auspices of the USA Basketball organization. In 2007, FIBA decided to start championships for the 3x3 event (also called three-on-three), starting in 2010. The open events are held every other year, in even-numbered years, starting in 2012.
2024 Apalachee High School shooting
On September 4, 2024, a school shooting occurred at Apalachee High School near Winder, Georgia, United States. The suspect, 14-year-old Colt Gray, allegedly shot eleven people. Two students and two teachers were killed, while seven others were injured by gunfire.

Gray was taken into police custody and charged with four counts of felony murder. His father, Colin Gray, was also charged with second-degree murder and involuntary manslaughter in relation to the shooting, having bought his son the gun allegedly used in the attack.

The shooting is the deadliest school shooting in the history of Georgia.

Manslaughter (United States law)
Manslaughter is a crime in the United States. Definitions can vary among jurisdictions, but manslaughter is invariably the act of causing the death of another person in a manner less culpable than murder. Three types of unlawful killings constitute manslaughter. First, there is voluntary manslaughter which is an intentional homicide committed in "sudden heat of passion" as the result of adequate provocation. Second, there is the form of involuntary manslaughter which is an unintentional homicide that was committed in a criminally negligent manner. Finally, there is the form of involuntary manslaughter which is an unintentional homicide that occurred during the commission or attempted commission of an unlawful act which does not amount to a felony (thereby triggering the felony-murder rule).