hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brent Scowcroft
Brent Scowcroft (/ˈskoʊkrɒft/; March 19, 1925 – August 6, 2020) was a United States Air Force officer, and a two-time United States National Security Advisor, first under U.S. President Gerald Ford and then under George H. W. Bush. He served as Military Assistant to President Richard Nixon and as Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs in the Nixon and Ford administrations. He served as Chairman of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board under President George W. Bush from 2001 to 2005, and advised President Barack Obama on choosing his national security team.

Oak leaf cluster
An oak leaf cluster is a  ribbon device to denote preceding decorations and awards consisting of a miniature bronze or silver twig of four oak leaves with three acorns on the stem. It is authorized by the United States Armed Forces for a specific set of decorations and awards of the Department of Defense, Department of the Army, and Department of the Air Force.

The bronze oak leaf cluster represents one additional award, while the silver oak leaf cluster is worn in lieu of five bronze oak leaf clusters.
Gillian Eastoe
Gillian Eastoe (born 5 August 1955) is an Australian singer and children's entertainer. Her album Extra Awesome Intergalactical Expedition Into the Far Reaches and Back was nominated for the ARIA Award for Best Children's Album in 1996 but lost to The Wiggles' Wake Up Jeff!.

Children's music
Children's music or kids' music is music composed and performed for children. In European-influenced contexts this means music, usually songs, written specifically for a juvenile audience. The composers are usually adults.

Children's music are a related genre of music, often developed from and related to rhymes and rhymes.

Children's music has historically held both entertainment and educational functions. Children's music is often designed to provide an entertaining means of teaching children about their culture, other cultures, good behavior, facts and skills. Many are folk songs, but there is a whole genre of educational music that has become increasingly popular.
Bretz (surname)
Bretz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eleonora Bretz, Luxembourgish-Greek female model

George Bretz (1880–1956), Canadian lacrosse player

George Bretz (photographer), American photographer

Greg Bretz (born 1990), American snowboarder

Harley 'J Harlen" Bretz (1882–1981), American geologist, first to recognize evidence of the Missoula Floods, also known as the Bretz Floods

Jim Bretz (born 1964), American baseball coach and scout

John L. Bretz (1852–1920), U.S. Representative from Indiana

Steeven Bretz (born 1976), German politician

Missoula floods
The Missoula floods (also known as the Spokane floods, the Bretz floods, or Bretz's floods) were a series of cataclysmic glacial lake outburst floods that swept periodically across the area that would become eastern Washington, northern Idaho and northern Oregon, and down the Columbia River Gorge at the end of the last ice age. These floods were the result of periodic sudden ruptures of the ice dam on the Clark Fork River that created Glacial Lake Missoula. After each ice dam rupture, the waters of the lake would rush down the Clark Fork and the Columbia River, flooding much of eastern Washington and the Willamette Valley in western Oregon. After the lake drained, the ice would reform, creating glacial Lake Missoula again.
2025 in Philippine television
The following is a list of events affecting Philippine television in 2025. Events listed include television show debuts, finales, cancellations, and channel launches, closures and rebrandings, as well as information about controversies and carriage disputes.

Precious Hearts Romances Presents
Precious Hearts Romances Presents is a 5-day Philippine program broadcast on ABS-CBN. It mainly focuses on adaptations of the best selling paperbacks distributed by company holder Precious Hearts Romances. Its first run was from May 4, 2009 to April 5, 2013, replacing Pieta and was replaced by Dugong Buhay. The series returned on its second run from April 30, 2018 to September 27, 2019, replacing Hanggang Saan and was replaced by Sandugo. The management decided to reboot the series after five years, which will be under the RSB Unit.

This series is streaming online on Jeepney TV on its 3:00 PM and 3:30 PM timeslot replacing Mirabella.
Viktoria Maladaeva
Viktoria Maladaeva is an Indigenous rights activist from the Republic of Buryatia in eastern Siberia, Russia. She has gained recognition for her efforts in advocating for the rights of Indigenous peoples and her opposition to Russia's full scale invasion of Ukraine.

Buryatia
Buryatia, officially the Republic of Buryatia, is a republic of Russia located in the Russian Far East. Formerly part of the Siberian Federal District, it has been administered as part of the Far Eastern Federal District since 2018. To its north lie Irkutsk Oblast and Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world; Zabaykalsky Krai to the east; Tuva to the west and Mongolia to the south. Its capital is the city of Ulan-Ude. It has an area of 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi) with a population of 978,588 (2021 Census). It is home to the indigenous Buryats.
1927 South American Championship
The eleventh edition of the South American Championship was held in Lima, Peru from 30 October to 27 November 1927. The participating countries were Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, and Uruguay. Brazil, Chile and Paraguay withdrew from the tournament. This was the first South American Championship in which Peru participated. The tournament was also used as a qualifier for the 1928 Summer Olympics and both Argentina and Uruguay were subsequently invited to enter that competition.

The Argentina team departed from Retiro railway station to Chilean city Valparaíso, where they joined Uruguayan players to board a ship to the port of Callao, Lima. They arrived in Peru after eight days.

Lima metropolitan area
The Lima Metropolitan Area (Spanish: Área Metropolitana de Lima, also known as Lima Metropolitana) is an area formed by the conurbation of the Peruvian provinces of Lima (the nation's capital) and Callao. It is the largest of the metropolitan areas of Peru, the seventh largest in the Americas, the fourth largest in Latin America, and among the thirty largest in the world. The conurbation process started to be evident in the 1980s.

The metropolitan area is composed of five subregions. These are Lima Norte, Lima Sur, Lima Este, Central Lima, and Callao. Its estimated 2020 population is over 11 million according to the INEI.
Telecommunications in Iceland
Telecommunications in Iceland is a diversified market. Iceland has a highly developed telecommunications sector with modern infrastructure. Multiple wholesale and retail providers are operated in a competitive market. As of 2024, Iceland's telecom infrastructure is fully digitised and mostly fibre based, with 93% of households having full-fibre availability. Landlines are based on VoIP technology. Mobile telecoms in Iceland adheres to the GSM standard and 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G services are available, as well as a TETRA network for emergency communications. Iceland is connected by four submarine cables to both Europe and North America. Broadcasting is based on DVB-T2 standard for television and FM for radio. There are a few printed newspapers, although most mass media is consumed online. Postal service is provided under universal obligation by the state-owned Iceland Post, but other private postal companies also operate.

TETRA
Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA; formerly known as Trans-European Trunked Radio), a European standard for a trunked radio system, is a professional mobile radio and two-way transceiver specification. TETRA was specifically designed for use by government agencies, emergency services, (police forces, fire departments, ambulance) for public safety networks, rail transport staff for train radios, transport services and the military. TETRA is the European version of trunked radio, similar to Project 25.

TETRA is a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) standard, first version published 1995; it is mentioned by the European Radiocommunications Committee (ERC).
Ballarat Minerdome
The Ballarat Minerdome (also known as MARS Minerdome under a naming rights agreement with Mars Chocolate Australia) is a sports stadium located in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. It hosts the South East Australian Basketball League teams Ballarat Miners and Ballarat Rush, and can hold up to 2,000 spectators.

On 29 October 2006, the Minerdome hosted its only National Basketball League game when four-time Olympian and former US National Basketball Association player Shane Heal led the Melbourne-based South Dragons to a 96–86 win over the Cairns Taipans in front of a capacity crowd of 2,000 fans.

South Dragons
The South Dragons was an Australian professional men's basketball team in the National Basketball League (NBL). It debuted in the 2006/07 season and played its final season in 2008/09. The club was based at MSAC in Melbourne's inner south-eastern suburbs, and was one of the city's two NBL teams; the other was the Melbourne Tigers, which entered the league in 1984.
Rovensky District
Rovensky District is the name of several administrative and municipal divisions in Russia:

Rovensky District, Belgorod Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Belgorod Oblast

Rovensky District, Saratov Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Saratov Oblast

Belgorod Oblast
Belgorod Oblast (Russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Belgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. As of 2021, the population is 1,540,486.
Israel Portnoy
Israel "Sruli" Portnoy (Hebrew: ישראל "שרולי" פורטנוי) is an English-born Israeli singer, songwriter and guitarist. He is best known as half of the band The Portnoy Brothers with his younger brother Mendy. He also has a solo career and has released albums as a solo artist, most notably Facing Flames ft. Guilda, which was released in the aftermath of a forest fire burning his home in the village of Mevo Modi'im.

Mevo Modi'im
Mevo Modi'im (Hebrew: מְבוֹא מוֹדִיעִים, lit. Modi'im Gateway), officially Me'or Modi'im (Hebrew: מְאוֹר מוֹדִיעִים), is a moshav in central Israel. It is also known as the Carlebach Moshav. Located north-west of Modi'in on Highway 443, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Modi'in Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 199. In 2019, a fire destroyed most of Mevo Modi'im and it is currently in the process of reconstruction and expansion.
Ryanggang Taepyong station
Ryanggang Taep'yŏng station, originally P'yŏngmul station, is a former railway station in Taep'yŏng-rodongjagu, Poch'ŏn county, Ryanggang province, North Korea, the terminus of the narrow-gauge Poch'ŏn line.

Ryanggang Province
Ryanggang Province (Ryanggangdo; Korean: 량강도; MR: Ryanggang-do, Korean pronunciation: [ɾjaŋ.ɡaŋ.do]) is a province in North Korea. The province is bordered by China (Jilin) to the north, North Hamgyong to the east, South Hamgyong to the south, and Chagang to the west. Ryanggang was formed in 1954, when it was separated from South Hamgyŏng. The provincial capital is Hyesan. In South Korean usage, "Ryanggang" is spelled and pronounced "Yanggang" (양강도; Yanggang-do, [jaŋ.ɡaŋ.do]).
Hygebald
Hygebald (and variants such as Hygbald, Higbald, and Higebald) can refer to any of two or three known Anglo-Saxons:

Hygebald, abbot and author of a prayer beginning "in primis obsecro supplex obnixis precibus" (possibly identical with 2 below)

Hybald (seventh-century saint)

Higbald of Lindisfarne (died 803)

Higbald of Lindisfarne
Higbald of Lindisfarne (or Hygebald) was Bishop of Lindisfarne from 780 or 781 until his death on 25 May 803. Little is known about his life except that he was a regular communicator with Alcuin of York; it is in his letters to Alcuin that Higbald described in graphic detail the Viking raid on Lindisfarne on 8 June 793 in which many of his monks were killed.

Higbald has long been thought to be identical with the Speratus addressed in a letter by Alcuin of 797, but this is no longer viewed as likely.
Heinrich Schomburgk
Heinrich Georg Schomburgk (German pronunciation: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈʃoːmbʊʁk]; 23 June 1885 – 26 March 1965) was a male tennis player and footballer from Germany.

At the Stockholm Olympics in 1912, he won a gold medal in the mixed doubles event with Dorothea Köring.

He participated in the 1906 Wimbledon Championships, reaching the second round, where he was beaten by Frank Riseley, who later on was to challenge the defending champion Laurence Doherty

1906 Wimbledon Championships
The 1906 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 25 June until 5 July. It was the 30th staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1906.
The Market: A Tale of Trade
The Market: A Tale of Trade (Turkish: Pazar: Bir Ticaret Masalı) is a 2008 internationally co-produced drama film written and directed by Ben Hopkins and starring Tayanç Ayaydın as a small-time black market trader in a provincial town in eastern Turkey tasked with procuring some valuable medicine. The film, which went on nationwide general release across Turkey on 27 October 2008 (2008-10-27), has won awards at film festivals in Locarno, Ghent and Antalya, where it was the first film directed by a foreigner to win an award in the national competition.

Co-production (media)
A co-production is a joint venture between two or more different production companies for the purpose of film production, television production, video game development, and so on. In the case of an international co-production, production companies from different countries (typically two to three) are working together.

Co-production also refers to the way services are produced by their users, in some parts or entirely.
2023 Copa de la Liga Profesional
The 2023 Copa de la Liga Profesional (officially the Copa Sur Finanzas 2023, starting from the 8th round, for sponsorship reasons) was the fourth edition of the Copa de la Liga Profesional, an Argentine domestic cup. It began on 17 August and ended on 16 December 2023.

The competition was contested by 28 teams, 26 returning from the 2022 season as well as 2 promoted teams from the 2022 Primera Nacional (Belgrano and Instituto). Boca Juniors were the defending champions but they were eliminated in the group stage.

Rosario Central won their first title after they defeated Platense 1–0 in the final. As champions, Rosario Central qualified for the 2024 Copa Libertadores and the 2023 Trofeo de Campeones.

Club Atlético Sarmiento
Club Atlético Sarmiento is an Argentine sports club based in Junín, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The club currently competes in Primera División, the top division of the Argentine football league system.

Founded in 1911 and affiliated to AFA in 1952, Sarmiento had two earlier stints in the Primera División (1981, 1982, 2015, 2016, and 2016–2017) before being promoted again before the 2021 season. The team's highest final position in the Primera División was 13th (of 18 teams) in 1981.
Split Wide Open
Split Wide Open is a 1999 Indian film directed by Dev Benegal. It is his second feature film after English, August (1994). The film primarily deals with the water conflicts in the slums of Bombay, and paedophilia, and also looks at the subversive sexuality in modern India and how the notions of morality are challenged when sex and poverty collide. The film came under harsh criticism when released in India and has been one of the most controversial Indian films.

Rahul Bose
Rahul Bose (born 27 July 1967) is an Indian actor and athlete who works in Hindi films. Bose is the president of Rugby India.

He has appeared in Bengali films such as Mr. and Mrs. Iyer, Kalpurush, Anuranan, Antaheen, Laptop and The Japanese Wife. He has also appeared in Hindi films such as Pyaar Ke Side Effects, Maan Gaye Mughal-e-Azam, Jhankaar Beats, Kucch Luv Jaisaa,  Dil Dhadakne Do,  Chameli and Shaurya. He also played the antagonist in the Tamil thriller Vishwaroopam (2013) and its sequel.

In the early 2000s, Time magazine named him "the superstar of Indian arthouse cinema" while Maxim named him "the Sean Penn of Oriental cinema" for his work in parallel cinema films like English, August and Mr. and Mrs. Iyer.

He is also notable for his social activism: he participated in the relief efforts that followed the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami and is also the founder of the anti-discrimination NGO, The Foundation.
Malakwala
Malakwala is a village in Batala in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) from sub district headquarter, 50 kilometres (31 mi) from district headquarter and 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from Sri Hargobindpur. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Sri Hargobindpur
Sri Hargobindpur is a town and a municipal council in Gurdaspur district in the Indian state of Punjab. Situated on the banks of the Beas River
Sixth Guru of Sikhs Shri Guru Hargobind Sahib ji established this city on the land bought by his father and fifth guru, Shri Guru Arjan Dev Sahib ji, the city is also the erstwhile capital of the Ramgarhia Misl.

The Gurudwara Dhamdama Sahib stands at the site of the battle of Hargobindpur fought between Sikh forces led by Guru Hargobind and Mughal forces in 1630.
1925 Cork Intermediate Football Championship
The 1925 Cork Intermediate Football Championship was the 16th staging of the Cork Intermediate Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909.

The final was played on 20 December 1925 at Riverstown Sportsfield, between Mitchelstown and Kilmurry, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Mitchelstown won the match by 3–04 to 0–01 to claim their second championship title overall and a first championship title in 14 years.

Kilmurry GAA
Kilmurry GAA is a gaelic football club based in the village and parish of Kilmurry, County Cork, Ireland. The club plays in the division of Muskerry of Cork GAA. It currently fields teams from Premier Junior down to under-age levels.

The club shares its facilities with its sister club, St Val's Ladies Gaelic Football club, who operate in the senior grade of the Cork Ladies football championship. Another sister club in the parish is Cloughduv Hurling Club who also compete in the Junior A grade in the Muskerry division.
Jarqoʻrgʻon
Jarqoʻrgʻon (Uzbek: Jarqoʻrgʻon/Жарқўрғон, Russian: Джаркурган, romanized: Dzharkurgan) is a city in Surxondaryo Region, Uzbekistan. It is the capital of Jarqoʻrgʻon District. The population was 17,687 in 1989, and 22,700 in 2016. The 12th century Jarkurgan minaret is located in the village Minor, some 5 km southwest of Jarqoʻrgʻon.

Jarkurgan minaret
The minaret of Jarkurgan (Uzbek: Jarqoʻrgʻon minorasi / Жарқўрғон минораси) is a minaret and architectural monument in the village Minor, Jarqoʻrgʻon District, southern Uzbekistan. It was built by Muhammad bin Ali Al-Sarkhasi in 1108-1109 AD, its current height is 21.6 meters and its diameter is 5.4 meters, its original height was 40 meters. It is located in a small village near Termez and is one of the most interesting forms of architecture, characterized by corrugated walls made of brick.

The minaret features herringbone brickwork and Kufic inscriptions from the Quran.

It was built during the rule of Sultan Sanjar.

It is situated near Termez, about 7 kilometers from Jarkurgan.

The minaret is partially preserved, with the mosque that once stood next to it no longer existing.

Next to it was a mosque, which has not been preserved. At a height of 20 m, there are brick arches, on which there are Kufic inscriptions.
Rainadevi Chhahara Rural Municipality
Rainadevi Chhahara Rural Municipality (Nepali :रैनादेवी छहरा गाउँपालिका) is a Gaunpalika in Palpa District in Lumbini Province of Nepal. On 12 March 2017, the government of Nepal implemented a new local administrative structure, with the implementation of the new local administrative structure, VDCs have been replaced with municipal and Village Councils. Rainadevi Chhahara is one of these 753 local units.The previous Siddeshwor, Somadi, Bhuwanpokhari, Chhahara, Mujhung, Juthapauwa, Baldengadhi and Satyawati VDCs were merged to form Rainadevi Chhahara Rural Municipality.

Rural municipality (Nepal)
A gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: Gāum̐pālikā, lit. 'rural municipality' Nepali pronunciation: [ɡãũ̯palika]) is an administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. It is a sub-unit of a district. There are currently 481 rural municipalities.
West Danville, Vermont
West Danville is an unincorporated village in the town of Danville, Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. The community is located at the intersection of U.S. Route 2 and Vermont Route 15 8.9 miles (14.3 km) west of St. Johnsbury. West Danville has a post office with ZIP code 05873.

In July 2017, the Charles D. Brainerd Public Library reopened in West Danville, again making the village the location of Vermont's smallest library.

St. Johnsbury, Vermont
St. Johnsbury (known locally as "St. J") is the shire town (county seat) of Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,364. St. Johnsbury is situated on the Passumpsic River and is located approximately six miles northwest of the Connecticut River and 48 miles (77 km) south of the Canada–U.S. border.

St. Johnsbury is the largest town by population in the Northeast Kingdom of Vermont and has long served as a commercial center for the region. The more densely settled southern one-third of the town is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the St. Johnsbury census-designated place, where over 81% of the population resides.
Meta-Hydroxynorephedrine
meta-Hydroxynorephedrine or 3-hydroxynorephedrine, also known as 3,β-dihydroxyamphetamine, is an adrenergic drug of the amphetamine class which was patented as a vasopressor and nasal decongestant but was never marketed. It is the racemic form of the sympathomimetic drug metaraminol.

Sympathomimetic drug
Sympathomimetic drugs (also known as adrenergic drugs and adrenergic amines) are stimulant compounds which mimic the effects of endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples of sympathomimetic effects include increases in heart rate, force of cardiac contraction, and blood pressure. The primary endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system are the catecholamines (i.e., epinephrine [adrenaline], norepinephrine [noradrenaline], and dopamine), which function as both neurotransmitters and hormones. Sympathomimetic drugs are used to treat cardiac arrest and low blood pressure, delay premature labor, psychiatric conditions such as ADHD, neurological conditions such as narcolepsy, among other things.

These drugs can act through several mechanisms, such as directly activating postsynaptic receptors, blocking breakdown and reuptake of certain neurotransmitters, or stimulating production and release of catecholamines.