hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1978 Liberty Bowl
The 1978 Liberty Bowl, a college football postseason bowl game, took place on December 23, 1978, at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. The competing teams in the 20th edition of the Liberty Bowl were the LSU Tigers of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and the Missouri Tigers of the Big Eight Conference. Missouri defeated LSU by a final score of 20–15.

LSU Tigers football
The LSU Tigers football program, also known as the Fighting Tigers, represents Louisiana State University in college football. The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).

LSU ranks 16th best in winning percentage in NCAA Division I FBS history and claims four national championships (1958, 2003, 2007, and 2019), 16 conference championships, and over 40 consensus All-Americans. Three players for the Tigers have won the Heisman Trophy: Billy Cannon (1959), Joe Burrow (2019), and Jayden Daniels (2023).

The team plays on the university's campus at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Lane Kiffin.
1988 Miller High Life 400 (Richmond)
The 1988 Miller High Life 400 was the 22nd stock car race of the 1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 31st iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, September 11, 1988, before an audience of 60,000 in Richmond, Virginia, at Richmond International Raceway, a 0.75 miles (1.21 km) D-shaped oval. The race took the scheduled 400 laps to complete. At race's end, Ranier-Lundy Racing's Davey Allison would manage to dominate the majority of the race, leading 262 laps to take his fourth career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his second and final victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Richard Childress Racing's Dale Earnhardt and Junior Johnson & Associates' Terry Labonte would finish second and third, respectively.

The race was the first ever race at the newly-built Richmond International Raceway, a track that replaced the old Richmond Fairgrounds Raceway.

Junior Johnson & Associates
Junior Johnson & Associates (formerly Johnson Hodgdon Racing) was a NASCAR team that ran in the Winston Cup Series from 1953 to 1995. The team was run by former driver Junior Johnson and was best known for fielding cars for legendary talents such as Cale Yarborough, Darrell Waltrip, Neil Bonnett, Terry Labonte, Bill Elliott, Geoffrey Bodine, and Sterling Marlin.
Ishan Kort
Ishan Ernesto Arturo Kort (born 1 June 2000) is a professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Bulgarian First League club Hebar Pazardzhik. Born in the Netherlands Antilles, he plays for the Suriname national team.

FC Hebar Pazardzhik
FC Hebar (Bulgarian: Футболен клуб Хебър) is a Bulgarian professional football club based in Pazardzhik. The club currently competes in the Second League, the second tier of the Bulgarian football league system.

Founded in 1918, Hebar has played at their current home ground, Stadion Georgi Benkovski, since 1989. Hebar has played a total of five seasons in the top level of Bulgarian football, most recently in 2024-25. In 2001, despite finishing ninth in the A Group that season (club’s highest finish), the owners of the club moved the assets of the club to Petrich, reforming Belasitsa Petrich. Fans from Pazardzhik re-founded the club the same year, starting from the amateur levels.
Phoenix Gold Mine
The Phoenix Gold Mine is an  underground gold mine tour in Clear Creek County, Colorado that highlights geology, history, and hard-rock mining and extraction techniques for visitors. The tour also follows the remains of two gold veins. Since 1968, Phoenix Gold Mine has been family owned and operated.

Gold extraction
Gold extraction is the extraction of gold from dilute ores using a combination of chemical processes. Gold mining produces about 3600 tons annually, and another 300 tons is produced from recycling.

Since the 20th century, gold has been principally extracted in a cyanide process by leaching the ore with cyanide solution. The gold may then be further refined by gold parting, which removes other metals (principally silver) by blowing chlorine gas through the molten metal. Historically, small particles of gold were amalgamated with mercury, and then concentrated by boiling away the mercury. The mercury method is still used in some small operations.
Jurand
Jurand – male Slavonic (Polish) name. Its current form is the result of an error - a misinterpretation of the well-known Polish name Jarand, a form of the name Arnold, taken by Henryk Sienkiewicz from Middle Ages Polish texts for a character in his book, The Knights of the Cross.  The book has enjoyed massive popularity at the turn of 19th century, becoming a mandatory part of school curriculum.  Yet despite near-universal familiarity, the name sees only very limited use as a given name.

The name day for Jurand is May 6.

Name day
In Christianity, a name day is a tradition in many countries of Europe and the Americas, as well as Christian communities elsewhere. It consists of celebrating a day of the year that is associated with one's baptismal name, which is normatively that of a biblical character or other saint. Where they are popular, individuals celebrate both their name day and their birthday in a given year.

The custom originated with the Christian calendar of saints: believers named after a saint would celebrate that saint's feast day. Within Christianity, name days have greater resonance in areas where the Christian denominations of Catholicism, Lutheranism and Orthodoxy predominate.

In some countries, however, name-day celebrations do not have a connection to explicitly Christian traditions.
Haranath Chakraborty
Haranath Chakraborty (Bengali: হরনাথ চক্রবর্তী) is an Indian Bengali film director. He made his directorial debut with "Mangaldeep" (1989). Many of his movies have been critically acclaimed and enjoyed commercial success.

Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards
The Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards commonly referred to as BFJA, are given by the Bengal Film Journalists' Association. The BFJA is the oldest association of film critics in India, founded in 1937 to serve the developing film journalism and film industry, in Bengal, and from 1947 onwards, the Indian State of West Bengal, in particular, and India in general.
Amala (mythology)
Amala is a mythological giant who supports the world in the mythology of the Tsimshian, Nass, Skidegate, Kaigani, Massett, and Tlingit Native Americans. He supports the Earth which he balances on a spinning pole. He receives an annual application of wild duck-oil to his muscles from a servant which brings relief to his muscles. The belief is that when all the ducks are hunted out, there will no longer be any duck-oil available in the world. At this point, Amala dies and the world topples off the pole and comes to an end.

Nisga'a
The Nisga’a (English: /ˈnɪsɡɑː/; Nisga'a: Nisg̱a’a [nisqaʔa]), formerly spelled Nishga or Niska, are an Indigenous people in British Columbia, Canada. They reside in the Nass River valley of northwestern British Columbia. The origin of the term Niska is uncertain. The spelling Nishga is used by the Nishga Tribal Council, and some scholars claim that the term means 'people of the Nass River'. The name is a reduced form of [naːsqaʔ], which is a loan word from Tongass Tlingit, where it means 'people of the Nass River'.

The official languages of Nisg̱a’a are the Nisg̱a’a language and English.
Cardigan Strait
Cardigan Strait is a narrow waterway in the territory of Nunavut. It lies between the eastern coast of Devon Island and the western coast of Ellesmere Island. Norwegian Bay opens to the north. North Kent Island is situated within the strait.

A polynya forms in Cardigan Strait most winters, used by wintering Bearded and Ringed seals, polar bears, and walrus. It's also frequented in the early portion of the breeding season by seabirds.

Devon Island
Devon Island (Inuktitut: ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᑦ, Tallurutit) is an island in Canada and the largest uninhabited island (no permanent human residents) in the world. It is located in Baffin Bay, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is one of the largest members of the Arctic Archipelago, the second-largest of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canada's sixth-largest island, and the 27th-largest island in the world. It has an area of 55,247 km2 (21,331 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Croatia). The bedrock is Precambrian gneiss and Paleozoic siltstones and shales. The highest point is the Devon Ice Cap at 1,920 m (6,300 ft) which is part of the Arctic Cordillera. Devon Island contains several small mountain ranges, such as the Treuter Mountains, Haddington Range, and Cunningham Mountains, as well as the Haughton impact crater. The notable similarity of its surface to that of Mars has attracted interest from scientists.
Vinny Castilla
Vinicio "Vinny" Castilla Soria (Spanish pronunciation: [kasˈtiʎa]; born July 4, 1967) is a Mexican former Major League Baseball third baseman who played his best years with the Colorado Rockies. During his career, he played with the Atlanta Braves (1991–1992, 2002–2003), Colorado Rockies (1993–1999, 2004, 2006), Tampa Bay Devil Rays (2000–2001), Houston Astros (2001), Washington Nationals (2005), and San Diego Padres (2006). He currently serves as a special assistant to the Rockies GM Bill Schmidt.

Bill Schmidt (baseball)
Bill Schmidt (born August 1959) is an American professional baseball executive who currently serves as a special assistant for the Athletics of Major League Baseball (MLB). He served as the general manager for the Colorado Rockies from 2021 to 2025. He has also served as a coach and talent scout.
Sugar and Spice (The Cryan' Shames album)
Sugar and Spice is the 1966 debut album by The Cryan' Shames, originally released in mono (CL 2589) and in stereo (CS 9389). The cover photography was done by Don Bronstein. The album was recorded in two days (August 25 and 26, 1966). The liner photography was done by Rich Dienethal of River Grove, Illinois. The cover photograph was taken at The Sweet Tooth in Pipers Alley, Old Town, Chicago. The album is dedicated to Fred Bohlander. The back of the album contains six photos of the band in concert. Apart from four songs written by The Cryan' Shames' lead guitarist Jim Fairs, the album consists entirely of cover songs.

Stereophonic sound
Stereophonic sound, commonly shortened to stereo, is a method of sound reproduction that recreates a multi-directional, 3-dimensional audible perspective. This is usually achieved by using two independent audio channels through a configuration of two loudspeakers (or stereo headphones) in such a way as to create the impression of sound heard from various directions, as in natural hearing.

Because the multi-dimensional perspective is the crucial aspect, the term stereophonic also applies to systems with more than two channels or speakers, such as quadraphonic and surround sound. Binaural sound systems are also stereophonic.

Stereo sound has been in common use since the 1970s in entertainment media such as broadcast radio, recorded music, television, video cameras, cinema, computer audio, and the Internet.
Nodicoeloceras
Nodicoeloceras is genus of ammonite that lived during early to middle Toarcian stage of early Jurassic. Members of this genus existed from Exaratum Subzone of Falciferum Zone to Commune subzone of Bifrons Zone. Their fossils were found in Europe, northern Africa, Asia, North America and South America. It has probably  evolved from Dactylioceras (Orthodactylites) or Kedonoceras and gave rise to Mesodactylites.

Early Jurassic
The Early Jurassic Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, 201.3 Ma (million years ago), and ends at the start of the Middle Jurassic 174.7 ±0.8 Ma.

Certain rocks of marine origin of this age in Europe are called "Lias" and that name was used for the period, as well, in 19th-century geology. In southern Germany rocks of this age are called Black Jurassic.
Giselbert II of Roussillon
Giselbert II (Spanish: Guislaberto, Catalan: Guislabert) (died 1102) was the count of Roussillon from the death of his father, Gausfred II, in 1074 until his own death. His mother was Adelaide.

In 1040, he participated in his father's sack of Ampurias. He himself had a peace treaty with Ponç I of Ampurias that lasted from 1075 to 1085. In 1082, he fought alongside Count Hugh II of Empúries at the battle of Almenar.

He married Estefania and was succeeded by his son Girard.

Empúries
Empúries (Catalan: Empúries [əmˈpuɾiəs]) was an ancient Greek city on the Mediterranean coast of Catalonia, Spain.  Empúries is also known by its Spanish name, Ampurias (Spanish: Ampurias [amˈpuɾjas]).  The city Ἐμπόριον (Greek: Ἐμπόριον, Emporion, meaning "trading place", cf. emporion) was founded in 575 BC by Greeks from Phocaea. The invasion of Gaul from Iberia by Hannibal the Carthaginian general in 218 BC, prompted the Romans to occupy the city (Latin: Emporiae), thus initiating the Roman conquest of Hispania. In the Early Middle Ages, the city's exposed coastal position left it open to marauders and it was abandoned.

Empúries is located within the Catalan comarca of Alt Empordà on the Costa Brava. The ruins are midway between the town of L'Escala and the tiny village of Sant Martí d'Empúries.
Alsup
Alsup is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Alsup (1938–2016), American race car driver

Patricia Alsup (born 1961), American diplomat

Todd Alsup (born 1978), American pianist and singer-songwriter

William Alsup (born 1945), United States federal judge

Bill Alsup
Bill Alsup (July 15, 1938 in Honolulu – August 9, 2016) was an American race car driver. He was the first Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART) Rookie of the Year in 1979 and competed in the 1981 Indianapolis 500, finishing 11th. He made 57 CART & USAC Champ Car starts in his career. His best race finish of third came three times and he was the 1981 CART Championship runner-up, putting in a winless but consistent season for Penske Racing, his only effort with a top-level team. He returned to his own team the next year and struggled until leaving Champ Car following the 1984 Sanair Super Speedway race.
Zhytomyr Border Detachment
The Zhytomyr Border Detachment "Sich Riflemen" (MUN 1495) is a brigade level detachment of the Central Department of the State Border Service of Ukraine. The detachment guards the Belarus-Ukraine border in Korosten Raion of Zhytomyr Oblast and Vyshhorod Raion of Kyiv Oblast. The detachment guards a border length of 405 km: 395.5 km on land and 9.5 km on river as well as protected area of the exclusion zone and the zone of mandatory resettlement: 148.5 km along border and 142.7 km along rear.

Kyiv Oblast
Kyiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Київська область, romanized: Kyivska oblast, IPA: [ˈkɪjiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also called Kyivshchyna (Київщинa, IPA: [ˈkɪjiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast (province) in central and northern Ukraine. It surrounds, but does not include, the city of Kyiv, which is administered as a city with special status. However, Kyiv also serves as the administrative center of the oblast. The Kyiv metropolitan area extends out from Kyiv city into parts of the oblast, which is significantly dependent on the urban economy and transportation of Kyiv.

The population of Kyiv Oblast is 1,795,079 (2022 estimate). Its largest city is Bila Tserkva, with a population over 200,000.

The Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is in the northern part of Kyiv Oblast. It is administered separately from the oblast and public access is prohibited.
USS Sanderling
USS Sanderling is a name the United States Navy has used more than once in naming its vessels:

USS Sanderling (AM-37), a minesweeper commissioned in 1918, decommissioned 1922.

USS Sanderling (AMc-11), a minesweeper placed in service in 1941, disposed of in 1944.

USS Sanderling, intended to be minesweeper AM-410, but the contract for her construction was cancelled in 1945.

USS Sanderling (AMCU-49), a minesweeper, commissioned 1944, decommissioned 1957.

USS Sanderling (AMc-11)
USS Sanderling (AMc-11) was a coastal minesweeper of the United States Navy.

The ship was built in 1937 as the wooden purse seiner New Conti di Savoia by the Harbor Boat Works, Terminal Island, California; was purchased for U.S. Navy use on 28 October 1940 from the New Conti di Savoia Fishing Corp., San Pedro, Los Angeles; converted to a coastal minesweeper by the Al Larson Boat Building, San Pedro, California; and placed in service as Sanderling on 18 April 1941.
History of the provincial electoral map of Quebec
The province of Quebec, in Canada, elects members of Parliament at the federal level and members of the National Assembly at the provincial level. Electoral districts (known as "electoral divisions" or circonscriptions) at the provincial level have evolved over the years.

Lotbinière (provincial electoral district)
Lotbinière (French pronunciation: [lɔtbinjɛʁ]) is a former provincial electoral district in the Centre-du-Québec and Chaudière-Appalaches regions of Quebec, Canada. As of its final election, it included the municipalities of Lotbinière, Saint-Flavien, Lemieux, Laurierville, Saint-Antoine-de-Tilly, Sainte-Croix and Laurier-Station.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada).  Its final election was in 2008.  It disappeared in the 2012 election and the successor electoral districts were Lotbinière-Frontenac, Nicolet-Bécancour, and Arthabaska.
Canton of Sorgues
The canton of Sorgues is an administrative division of the Vaucluse department, in southeastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Sorgues.

It consists of the following communes:

Bédarrides

Châteauneuf-du-Pape

Courthézon

Jonquières

Sorgues

Jonquières, Vaucluse
Jonquières (French pronunciation: [ʒɔ̃kjɛʁ] ⓘ; Occitan: Jonquieras) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

In 2025, the town was severely damaged by a forest fire.
Annette Salaman
Annette Amelia "Annie" Salaman (1827 – 10 April 1879) was an English Jewish writer. She was the youngest daughter of Alice and Simeon Kensington Salaman, and sister of painter Julia Goodman, composer Charles Kensington Salaman, author Lady Rachel Simon, and poet Rose Emma Salaman.

In her childhood, during which she was for a time bedridden, Salaman compiled a collection of comforting scriptural texts, which were later published as an illustrated guide to the Bible entitled Footsteps on the Way of Life (1873). She was also the author of "How to Earn a Good Name" (1876) and "Aunt Annette's Stories to Ada" (1876), a series of tales for children.

Bedridden
Being bedridden is a form of immobility that can present as the inability to move or even sit upright. It differs from bed-rest, a form of non-invasive treatment that is usually part of recovery or the limitation of activities. Some of the more serious consequences of being bedridden is the high risk of developing thrombosis and muscle wasting (atrophy).
Kseniya Konstantinova
Kseniya Semyonovna Konstantinova (Russian: Ксения Семёновна Константинова; 18 April 1925 – 1 October 1943) was a combat medic in the Red Army during World War II who was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 4 June 1944.

Combat medic
A combat medic is responsible for providing emergency medical treatment at a point of wounding in a combat or training environment, as well as primary care and health protection and evacuation from a point of injury or illness. Additionally, medics may also be responsible for the creation, oversight, and execution of long-term patient care plans in consultation with or in the absence of a readily available doctor or advanced practice provider. Combat medics may be used in hospitals and clinics, where they have the opportunity to work in additional roles, such as operating medical and laboratory equipment and performing and assisting with procedures.
British Rail Class 185
The British Rail Class 185 Desiro is a class of diesel-hydraulic multiple-unit (DHMU) passenger trains built by Siemens Transportation Systems in Germany for the train operating company First TransPennine Express. They are currently operated by TransPennine Express.

A £260 million order for 51 three-car trains and associated maintenance depots was placed in 2003, and deliveries took place between 2006 and 2007.

British Rail coach type codes
British Railways coach designations were a series of letter-codes used to identify different types of coaches, both passenger carrying and non-passenger carrying stock (NPCS). The code was generally painted on the end of the coach but non-gangwayed stock had the code painted on the side. They have been superseded by TOPS design codes.
Stefan Kossecki
Stefan Kossecki (November 27, 1889 – 1940) was a soldier of the Imperial Russian Army, and Colonel of Infantry of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic. Captured by the Soviets in 1939, he was murdered by the NKVD in 1940. On November 9, 2004, Kossecki was posthumously promoted to General brygady.

Order of Saint George (Russia)
The Order of Saint George (Russian: Орден Святого Георгия, romanized: Orden Svyatogo Georgiya) is the highest military decoration of the Russian Federation. It was originally established on 26 November 1769 Julian (7 December 1769 Gregorian) as the highest military decoration of the Russian Empire for commissioned officers and generals by Empress Catherine the Great. After the October Revolution in 1917, it was awarded by the White movement under Alexander Kolchak until their collapse in 1921. The order was revived in the Russian Federation on 20 March 1992 by Decree No.1463 of the President of Russia. The current award criteria were amended on 7 September 2010 by Presidential Decree 1099.
Hawking in the Olden Time
Hawking in the Olden Time, or simply Hawking, is an 1832 genre painting by the British artist Edwin Landseer. It depicts a historic scene of hawking with the hawk and a heron dominating the composition, and the human figures moved into the background. The painting was the first of Landseer's major works to feature hawking, a theme he would return to. It was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1832 at Somerset House in London, where it was praised by The Athenaeum as a "wonderful piece of painting, and boldly conceived". Today the painting is in the collection of Kenwood House in Highgate, having been acquired as part of the Iveagh Bequest in 1929.

Edwin Landseer
Sir Edwin Henry Landseer RA (7 March 1802 – 1 October 1873) was an English painter and sculptor, well known for his paintings of animals – particularly horses, dogs, and stags. His best-known work is the lion sculptures at the base of Nelson's Column in Trafalgar Square.
A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States
A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495 (1935), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that invalidated regulations of the poultry industry according to the nondelegation doctrine and as an invalid use of Congress' power under the Commerce Clause. This unanimous decision rendered parts of the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA), a main component of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, unconstitutional. The case from which the ruling stemmed was nicknamed the "Sick Chicken Case".

Constitutionality
Constitutionality is the quality of being acceptable under a supreme law with regard to the status of a norm, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the constitution set forth by an applicable jurisdiction. Laws, procedures, or acts that directly violate the constitution are considered unconstitutional. All others are considered constitutional unless deemed otherwise by a legitimate authority and through a legitimate mechanism.