hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Delta update
A delta update is a software update that requires the user to download only those parts of the software's  code that are new, or have been changed from their previous state, in contrast to having to download the entire  program. The use of delta updates can save significant amounts of time and computing bandwidth. The name "delta" derives from the mathematical science use of the Greek letter delta, Δ or δ to denote change.

Arch Linux
Arch Linux (/ɑːrtʃ/) is an open source, rolling release Linux distribution. Arch Linux is kept up-to-date by regularly updating the individual pieces of software that it comprises. It provides monthly "snapshots" which are used as installation media. Arch Linux is intentionally minimal, and is meant to be configured by the user during installation so they may add only what they require.

Pacman, a package manager written specifically for Arch Linux, is used to install, remove and update software packages. The Arch User Repository (AUR) serves as a community-driven software repository for Arch Linux and provides packages not included in the official repositories and alternative versions of packages; AUR packages can be downloaded and built manually, or installed through an AUR 'helper'.

Arch Linux has comprehensive documentation in the form of a community-run wiki known as the ArchWiki.
Monika Piazzesi
Monika Piazzesi received her PhD in economics at Stanford University.  She has been the Joan Kenney Professor of Economics at Stanford University since 2010. She is also a senior fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. In 2005, when she was an assistant professor at the University of Chicago Business School, she received the Germán Bernácer Prize. She subsequently won the Elaine Bennett Research Prize. Her research focuses on asset pricing, macroeconomics, and time series econometrics, especially related to bond markets and the term structure of interest rates. She has published papers related to housing issues, asset prices and quantities, bond markets, banks' risk exposures, and monetary policy. She was President of the American Finance Association in 2024. She was director of the NBER Asset Pricing Program 2007–2019. In 2023, she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.

Asset pricing
In financial economics, asset pricing refers to the formal development of the  principles used in pricing, together with the resultant models. The treatment inheres the interrelated paradigms of general equilibrium asset pricing and rational asset pricing, the latter corresponding to risk neutral pricing.

Investment theory, which is near synonymous, encompasses the body of knowledge used to support the decision-making process of choosing investments, and the asset pricing models are then applied in determining the asset-specific required rate of return on the investment in question, and for hedging.
8 Foot Sativa
8 Foot Sativa is a New Zealand–based extreme metal band formed in 1998. Their most famous single is their self-titled song, "8 Foot Sativa", which was number one on the M2 (a late night New Zealand music show) top 12 list for 12 weeks, and stayed on the chart for seven months. The band has toured and released albums internationally, and have played alongside artists such as Fear Factory, Soulfly, Korn, Slipknot, System of a Down, Children of Bodom, Disturbed, Motörhead, Pungent Stench, Shihad and Corrosion of Conformity. 8 Foot Sativa have become a household name in New Zealand.

Pungent Stench
Pungent Stench is a death metal band from Vienna, Austria, formed in 1988. Their current lineup consists of Martin Schirenc (vocals/guitar), Jacek Perkowski (bass), and Mike G. Mayhem (drums). Pungent Stench achieved prominence in the death metal scene due to their unique style of extreme metal and controversial lyrics, a blend of gore, paraphilia, and black comedy. They dissolved in 1995, re-formed in 1999, then split up again 2007 after recording a final studio album, eventually released in 2018, and re-formed again in 2013 as "The Church of Pungent Stench" and renamed themselves again as "Schirenc Plays Pungent Stench" in 2014.
Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1798)
The Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (Italian: Costituzione della Repubblica Cisalpina), was the second constitution of the Cisalpine Republic, a sister republic of France, roughly comprising the modern-day northern regions of Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna. It came into effect just after a French golpe on 31 August 1798, replacing the 1797 Constitution.

Napoleon had gone to Egypt, so the new French general Guillaume Brune managed to impose his friends to the Milanese administration.

The local French ambassador appointed a new government, and a new Parliament reduced to 40 and 80 members for each house. Even the departments were enlarged and reduced from 20 to 11.

This constitution lasted only a year, ending when war resumed and Austria conquered Milan, restoring the monarchy.

Guillaume Brune
Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, 1st Count Brune (French pronunciation: [ɡijom bʁyn], 13 March 1764 – 2 August 1815) was a French military commander and Marshal of the Empire who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.
Qun Quran
Qun-Quran or Qun-Qiran (r. 1251 – c. 1280) was the khan of the White Horde, left wing of the Golden Horde.

According to Jami al-Tawarikh ("Compendium of Chronicles") by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, Qun-Quran was the fourth son of Orda, the eldest son of Jochi.

In 1256, a contingent of the Golden Horde under Qun Quran's eldest brother Kuli dispatched in Persia to assist Hulagu. Sometime after the Siege of Baghdad (1258), Kuli died in uncertain circumstances which constrained the Jochids' relationship with the Ilkhanate. During his rule, some descendants of Orda supported the election of Ariq Böke and sided with him in the Toluid Civil War against Kublai in the early 1260s.

When he died, he left no male heir. Therefore, his nephew Köchü succeeded him.

Rashid al-Din Hamadani
Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb (Persian: رشیدالدین طبیب;‎ 1247–1318; also known as Rashīd al-Dīn Faḍlullāh Hamadānī, Persian: رشیدالدین فضل‌الله همدانی) was a statesman, historian, and physician in Ilkhanate Iran.

Having converted to Islam from Judaism by the age of 30 in 1277, Rashid al-Din became the powerful vizier of Ilkhan Ghazan. He was commissioned by Ghazan to write the Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh, now considered the most important single source for the history of the Ilkhanate period and the Mongol Empire. He retained his position as a vizier until 1316.

After being charged with poisoning the Ilkhanid king Öljaitü, he was executed in 1318.

Historian Morris Rossabi calls Rashid al-Din "arguably the most distinguished figure in Persia during Mongolian rule".  He was a prolific author and established the Rab'-e Rashidi academic foundation in Tabriz.
NGC 2210
NGC 2210 is a globular cluster located in the Large Magellanic Cloud, in the constellation Dorado. It is situated south of the celestial equator and, as such, it is more easily visible from the southern hemisphere. It was first discovered by astronomer John Herschel on January 31, 1835. In 2017, Rachel Wagner-Kaiser and a group of researchers from the University of Florida discovered that NGC 2210, as well as five other globular clusters located in the Large Magellanic Cloud were of roughly the same age as some star clusters found in the Milky Way, and that NGC 2210 is roughly 11.6 billion years old. It was first imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2023.

John Herschel
Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet KH FRS (/ˈhɜːrʃəl, ˈhɛər-/; 7 March 1792 – 11 May 1871) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor and experimental photographer who invented the blueprint and did botanical work.

Herschel originated the use of the Julian day system in astronomy. He named seven moons of Saturn and four moons of Uranus – the seventh planet, discovered by his father Sir William Herschel. He made many contributions to the science of photography, and investigated colour blindness and the chemical power of ultraviolet rays. His Preliminary Discourse (1831), which advocated an inductive approach to scientific experiment and theory-building, was an important contribution to the philosophy of science.
Agonopterix astrantiae
Agonopterix astrantiae is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in most of Europe, except the Iberian Peninsula, most of the Balkan Peninsula and the Benelux.

The wingspan is 19–22 mm. Adults have been recorded in May.

The larvae feed on  Sanicula europaea and Astrantia major. They create a leaf spinning from which they feed.

Astrantia major
Astrantia major, the great masterwort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to central and eastern Europe. Growing up to 90 cm (35 in) tall by 45 cm (18 in) broad, it is an herbaceous perennial, much used in gardens.
Steady Growth Stakes
The Steady Growth Stakes is a Thoroughbred horse race run annually in early June at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. An Ontario Sire Stakes, it is a restricted race for horses age three and older. Raced over a distance of 1+1⁄16 miles on Polytrack synthetic dirt, the Steady Growth Stakes currently carries a purse of $95,313

Inaugurated in 1997, the race is named in honor of Steady Growth, the 1979 Queen's Plate winner and Canadian Champion 3-Year-Old Colt.

Canadian Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse
The Canadian Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse is a  Canadian Thoroughbred horse racing honour. Created in 1975 by the Jockey Club of Canada, it is part of the Sovereign Awards program and is awarded annually to the top 3-Year-Old male Thoroughbred horse competing in Canada.
Gréta Márton
Gréta Márton (born 3 October 1999) is a Hungarian handballer for Ferencvárosi TC and the Hungarian national team.

She made her international debut on 2 June 2019 against Austria. At the 2024 European Championship she was part of the Hungarian team that won bronze medals, losing to Norway in semifinal and beating France in the third place play-off. This was the first Hungarian medals since 2012.

Ferencvárosi TC (women's handball)
Ferencvárosi Torna Club is a Hungarian professional women's handball team from Budapest, that is part of the multi-sports club Ferencvárosi TC. Nicknamed Fradi, the team plays in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I, the top level championship in Hungary. They are one of the most successful clubs in the country, having won eleven Hungarian championships and as many Hungarian cup titles. FTC also enjoy a good reputation in continental competitions: they lifted the EHF Cup Winners' Cup trophy in 1978, 2011, and 2012, and they were also crowned as the EHF Cup winners in 2006. The team also reached the finals of the EHF Champions League three times, however, they fell short in all occasions.

The current name of the club is FTC-Rail Cargo Hungaria due to sponsorship reasons.
Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones
Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones was a professional boxing match contested on March 13, 1963. Clay won on points in what would prove to be one of the closest fights of his early professional career. The fight was named 1963's Fight of the Year by The Ring.

The Ring (magazine)
The Ring (often called The Ring magazine or Ring magazine) is a boxing magazine, that was first published in 1922 as a boxing and wrestling magazine. As the sporting legitimacy of professional wrestling came more into question, The Ring shifted to becoming exclusively a boxing-oriented publication.

Ring began publishing annual ratings of boxers in 1924. With its November/December 2022 issue, the magazine stopped publication of its regular monthly print issues and will remain a digital publication, offering occasional special interest print issues.
Isudan Gadhvi
Isudan Gadhvi is an Indian politician and senior Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) leader from Gujarat. Currently, Gadhvi is the State President of the Aam Aadmi Party in Gujarat and a member of its National Executive. Formerly working as a media professional, he was known as a TV journalist and editor of VTV News as well as anchor of his popular news show Mahamanthan at VTV Gujarati. Since his joining active politics, Isudan became a popular face of AAP in Gujarat and was the party's Chief Ministerial candidate in the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election.

Gandhinagar
Gandhinagar (Gujarati: gāndhīnagara, pronounced ['ɡaːnd̪ʱinəɡəɾᵊ] ⓘ) is the capital of the state of Gujarat in India. Gandhinagar is located approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) north of Ahmedabad, on the west central point of the industrial corridor between the megacities of Delhi and Mumbai.

Gandhinagar lies on the west bank of the Sabarmati River, about 545 kilometres (339 mi) north of Mumbai and 901 kilometres (560 mi) southwest of Delhi. 
The Akshardham temple is located in Gandhinagar. There was a determination to make Gandhinagar a purely Indian enterprise, partly because the state of Gujarat was the birthplace of Mahatma Gandhi. For this reason, the planning was done by two Indian town planners: Prakash M Apte and H. K. Mewada, who had apprenticed with Le Corbusier in Chandigarh.
KLQV
KLQV (102.9 FM, "Amor 102.9") is a Spanish AC radio station in San Diego, California, broadcasting from an antenna located on top of Mount Soledad in La Jolla. The station is owned by TelevisaUnivision along with KLNV. It forms as a part of the Uforia Audio Network.

TelevisaUnivision
TelevisaUnivision (formerly known as Univision Communications) is a Mexican–American media company, headquartered in Mexico City and New York City that owns American Spanish-language broadcast network Univision and free-to-air channels in Mexico such as Las Estrellas, El 5*, N+ Foro, and NU9VE alongside a collection of specialty television channels and production studios. 45% of the company is held by the Mexican telecommunications and broadcasting company Grupo Televisa, which was a major programming partner for Univision until the company sold their content assets to Univision Communications in 2022.

Since its founding in the early 1960s as Spanish International Network (SIN), the United States' first Spanish language television network, the company has catered to Hispanic and Latino Americans. It is currently a multimedia conglomerate, with free-to-air and specialty, digital and audio networks, including 65 television stations, online and mobile apps and products.
Calamarca Municipality
Calamarca (in Hispanicized spelling) or Qala Marka (Aymara qala stone, marka village, town, place, land, "place of stone") is the fourth municipal section of Aroma Province in the La Paz Department of Bolivia. It is located on the Altiplano and its seat is the town of Calamarca.

The municipality was created by law on 21 December 1948. At present it is divided into seven cantons (cantones): Calamarca, Vilaque Copata, Sivicani, Ajoya, Villa Carmen de Caluyo, San Antonio de Senkata and Cosmini.

La Paz Department (Bolivia)
The La Paz Department of Bolivia comprises 133,985 square kilometres (51,732 sq mi) with a 2024 census population of 3,022,566 inhabitants. It is situated at the western border of Bolivia, sharing Lake Titicaca with the neighboring Peru. It contains the Cordillera Real mountain range, which reaches altitudes of 6.6 kilometers (22,000 ft). Northeast of the Cordillera Real are the Yungas, the steep eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains that make the transition to the Amazon River basin to the northeast. The capital of the department is the city of La Paz and is the administrative city and seat of government/national capital of Bolivia.
Gong Hwang-cherng
Gong Hwang-cherng (traditional Chinese: 龔煌城; simplified Chinese: 龚煌城; pinyin: Gōng Huángchéng) (1934–2010) was a Taiwanese linguist who specialized in Sino-Tibetan comparative linguistics and the phonetic reconstruction of Tangut and Old Chinese.

He was born on 10 December 1934 at Yunlin County in Taiwan, and graduated from National Taiwan Normal University in 1958 with a degree in English. He earned his PhD in 1975 from Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in Germany, and was a research fellow and later professor at Academia Sinica in Taiwan. He was elected an honorary member of the Linguistic Society of America in 2001, and an academician of Academia Sinica in 2002. In 2006, he received a life achievement award from the Linguistic Society of Taiwan.

Linguistic Society of America
The Linguistic Society of America (LSA) is a learned society for the field of linguistics. Founded in New York City in 1924, the LSA works to promote the scientific study of language. The society publishes three scholarly journals: Language, the open access journal Semantics and Pragmatics, and the open access journal Phonological Data & Analysis. Its annual meetings, held every winter, foster discussion amongst its members through the presentation of peer-reviewed research, as well as conducting official business of the society. Since 1928, the LSA has offered training to linguists through courses held at its biennial Linguistic Institutes held in the summer. The LSA and its 3,600 members work to raise awareness of linguistic issues with the public and contribute to policy debates on issues including bilingual education and the preservation of endangered languages.
Tramp species
In ecology, a tramp species is an organism that has been spread globally by human activities. The term was coined by William Morton Wheeler in the bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History in 1906, used to describe ants that “have made their way as well known tramps or stow-aways [sic] to many islands". The term has since widened to include non-ant organisms, but remains most popular in myrmecology. Tramp species have been noted in multiple phyla spanning both animal and plant kingdoms, including but not limited to arthropods, mollusca, bryophytes, and pteridophytes. The term "tramp species" was popularized and given a more set definition by Luc Passera in his chapter of David F. William's 1994 book Exotic Ants: Biology, Impact, And Control Of Introduced Species.

Myrmecology
Myrmecology (/mɜːrmɪˈkɒlədʒi/; from Greek: μύρμηξ, myrmex, "ant" and λόγος, logos, "study") is a branch of entomology focusing on the study of ants. Ants continue to be a model of choice for the study of questions on the evolution of social systems because of their complex and varied forms of social organization. Their diversity and prominence in ecosystems also has made them important components in the study of biodiversity and conservation. In the 2000s, ant colonies began to be studied and modelled for their relevance in machine learning, complex interactive networks, stochasticity of encounter and interaction networks, parallel computing, and other computing fields.
Marmorkirken station
Marmorkirken station (lit. Marble Church) is an underground Copenhagen Metro station located at the Marble Church, facing Bredgade, in downtown Copenhagen, Denmark. The station is on the City Circle Line (M3 and M4 lines), between Østerport and Kongens Nytorv, and is in fare zone 1. Marmorkirken is unique in its design in that it is the only station on the Copenhagen Metro where the platforms for the two tracks are at different levels, unlike the island platform design used at every other station. This design was chosen to avoid excavating underneath, and risk compromising, the foundations of the Marble Church. With the lower platform at 30 meters beneath street level, it is also the deepest station of all stations on the Copenhagen Metro.

Frederik's Church
Frederik's Church (Danish: Frederiks Kirke), popularly known as The Marble Church (Marmorkirken) for its rococo architecture, is an Evangelical Lutheran church in Copenhagen, Denmark. The church forms the focal point of the Frederiksstaden district; it is located due west of Amalienborg Palace.
Silver Moon (album)
Silver Moon is the second studio album by Norwegian pop group Donkeyboy, released on 2 March 2012 by Warner Music. The album peaked at number 2 on the Norwegian Albums Chart and number 35 on the Danish Albums Chart.

Donkeyboy
Donkeyboy (occasionally stylised as donkeyboy) is a synthpop band from Drammen, Norway, formed in 2005. The band consists of Cato Sundberg (vocals, rhythm guitar), Kent Sundberg (synth, vocals), Peter Michelsen (guitar, backing vocals) and Thomas Drabløs (drums)
Lime, Oregon
Lime is an unincorporated community and ghost town in the northwest United States, located in Baker County, Oregon. Five miles (8 km) north of Huntington on Interstate 84 (& U.S. Route 30), it is near the confluence of Marble Creek and the Burnt River on the Union Pacific Railroad. The historic Oregon Trail passes through Lime.

Huntington, Oregon
Huntington is a city in Baker County, on the eastern border of Oregon, United States. It is located on the Snake River and along Interstate 84 and U.S. Route 30. The population was 502 at the 2020 census.
Victor S. Batista
Victor S. Batista is an Argentine-American theoretical and computational chemist. He is the John Gamble Kirkwood Professor of Chemistry at Yale University and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry. His work focuses on the development of semiclassical and quantum dynamics methods to study chemical processes such as photosynthesis and vision chemistry.

Theoretical chemistry
Theoretical chemistry is the branch of chemistry which develops theoretical generalizations that are part of the theoretical arsenal of modern chemistry: for example, the concepts of chemical bonding, chemical reaction, valence, the surface of potential energy, molecular orbitals, orbital interactions, and molecule activation.
Luke Katene
Luke Katene (born 4 June 1986) is a New Zealand rugby union player. He plays in the lock position for provincial side Canterbury and for New Zealand's Māori international side the Māori All Blacks. Katene has previously played for Bay of Plenty in 2010 before heading to Canterbury ahead of 2011 season's ITM Cup.

Canterbury Rugby Football Union
The Canterbury Rugby Football Union (which is also referred to as Canterbury or CRFU) is the governing body for rugby union in a portion of the Canterbury region of New Zealand, and runs the Canterbury representative team. The Canterbury team has won the National Provincial Championship, Air New Zealand Cup, and the ITM Cup 14 times including a "six-peat" from 2008 to 2013 – with five in the National Provincial Championship, two in the Air New Zealand Cup, five in the ITM Cup and one in the Mitre 10 Cup. Their most recent victory was the 2017 Mitre 10 Cup. Canterbury also acts as a primary feeder to the Crusaders, who play in the Super Rugby competition.

The union also administers all club rugby within the region, including senior club rugby and school rugby. Canterbury has produced the most All Blacks of any New Zealand region, with Scott Barrett becoming Canterbury's 200th All Black in 2016.