hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leningradsky constituency
The Leningradsky constituency (No.198) is a Russian legislative constituency in Moscow. The constituency covers inner and outer eastern parts of Northern Moscow.

The constituency has been represented since 2003 by A Just Russia deputy Galina Khovanskaya, former Member of Moscow City Duma and housing rights activist.

2003 Russian legislative election
United Russia  People's Party  Communist Party  Rodina  Yabloko  Party of Rebirth/Party of Life  Union of Right Forces  Agrarian Party  Great Russia  New Course — Automobile Russia  Development of Enterprise  Self-nominations  Seat not filled

Legislative elections were held in Russia on 7 December 2003. At stake were the 450 seats in the State Duma (Gosudarstvennaya Duma), the lower house of the Federal Assembly.

As expected, the  pro-Vladimir Putin United Russia party received the most votes (38%) and won the most seats, gaining a plurality in the Duma. The Communist Party remained the second largest, though much reduced in strength. The Liberal Democratic Party improved its position by 19 seats, while the liberal Yabloko and the liberal-conservative Union of Right Forces lost most of their seats.
1138 imperial election
The imperial election of 1138 was an imperial election held to select the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire after the death of Lothair III in December 1137.  The election took place in Koblenz on 7 March, eleven weeks before the scheduled date due to interference from Archbishop Albero of Trier.

Conrad III of Germany, who was previously anti-king, was named Holy Roman Emperor as a result of the election, starting the Hohenstaufen imperial dynasty.

Hohenstaufen
The Hohenstaufen dynasty (/ˈhoʊənʃtaʊfən/, US also /-staʊ-/, German: [ˌhoːənˈʃtaʊfn̩]), also known as the Staufer, was a noble family of German origin that rose to rule the Duchy of Swabia from 1079, and to royal rule in the Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages from 1138 until 1254. The dynasty's most prominent rulers – Frederick I (1155), Henry VI (1191) and Frederick II (1220) – ascended the imperial throne and also reigned over Italy and Burgundy. The non-contemporary name of 'Hohenstaufen' is derived from the family's Hohenstaufen Castle on Hohenstaufen mountain at the northern fringes of the Swabian Jura, near the town of Göppingen. Under Hohenstaufen rule, the Holy Roman Empire reached its greatest territorial extent from 1155 to 1268.
Thomas Drakes
Thomas Edwin Drakes (7 March 1908 – 10 May 1974) was an English first-class cricketer.

Born at Bardney in Lincolnshire, Drakes made his debut in minor counties cricket for Lincolnshire against Buckinghamshire in the 1926 Minor Counties Championship. He played minor counties cricket for Lincolnshire until 1933, making 42 appearances in the Minor Counties Championship. He studied at St Catharine's College, Cambridge. While at Cambridge he played first-class cricket for Cambridge University in 1929, making his debut against Essex at Fenner's. He made eight appearances in first-class matches during 1929, scoring 140 runs with a high score of 39 not out, while with his right-arm fast-medium he took 20 wickets at an average of 32.40, with best figures of 5 for 70. These figures were his only first-class five wicket haul and came on debut against Essex.

He later assisted the Army Cadet Force as a second lieutenant in the 1950s. He died at Hainault in May 1974.

Bardney
Bardney is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish was 1,643 at the 2001 census increasing to 1,848 (including Southrey) at the 2011 census. The village sits on the east bank of the River Witham, 9 miles (14 km) east of Lincoln.
International Council of Women of the Darker Races
The International Council of Women of the Darker Races (ICWDR) was an organization for black women based in the United States and headed by Margaret Murray Washington. In existence from 1922 to 1940, the ICWDR was "the first autonomous international organization among African American women".

Margaret Murray Washington
Margaret Murray Washington (née Murray; March 9, 1865 – June 4, 1925) was an American educator who was the principal of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, which later became Tuskegee University. She also led women's clubs, including the Tuskegee Woman's Club and the National Federation of Afro-American Women. She was the third wife of Booker T. Washington. She was inducted into the Alabama Women's Hall of Fame in 1972.
Big-game fishing
Big-game fishing, also known as offshore sportfishing, offshore gamefishing or blue-water fishing, is a form of recreational fishing targeting large game fish, usually on a large body of water such as a sea or ocean.

Swordfish
The swordfish (Xiphias gladius), also known as the broadbill in some countries, are large, highly migratory predatory fish characterized by a long, flat, pointed bill. They are the sole member of the family Xiphiidae. They are a popular sport fish of the billfish category. Swordfish are elongated, round-bodied, and lose all teeth and scales by adulthood. These fish are found widely in tropical and temperate parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, and can typically be found from near the surface to a depth of 550 m (1,800 ft), and exceptionally up to depths of 2,234 m. They commonly reach 3 m (10 ft) in length, and the maximum reported is 4.55 m (14 ft 11 in) in length and 650 kg (1,430 lb) in weight.
Canton of Orthe et Arrigans
The canton of Orthe et Arrigans is an administrative division of the Landes department, southwestern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Peyrehorade.

It consists of the following communes:

Landes (department)
Landes (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃d] ⓘ; Gascon and Occitan: Lanas [ˈlanəs]; Basque: Landak) is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, Southwestern France, with a long coastline on the Atlantic Ocean to the west. It also borders Gers to the east, Pyrénées-Atlantiques to the south, Lot-et-Garonne to the north-east, and Gironde to the north. Located on the Atlantic coast, it had a population of 413,690 as of 2019. Its prefecture is Mont-de-Marsan.

The department is the second-largest department in France and it covers the Forest of Landes. The southwestern part of the department is part of the wider conurbation of Biarritz and Bayonne across the Pyrénées-Atlantique border.
John Herbert (died 1659)
John Herbert (1625–1659) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1646 and 1659.

Herbert was the son of Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke, and his wife Susan de Vere, daughter of Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford. He matriculated at Jesus College, Oxford, on 15 June 1638, aged 13.  In 1646, he was elected Member of Parliament for Monmouthshire as a recruiter for the Long Parliament. He was awarded MA at the University of Oxford on 12 April 1648. In December 1648 he was secluded from parliament under Pride's Purge. He was elected MP for Wilton in 1659 for the Third Protectorate Parliament.

Herbert died in 1659 at the age of about 34 and was buried in Westminster Abbey on 23 November 1659.

Third Protectorate Parliament
The Third Protectorate Parliament sat for one session, from 27 January 1659 until 22 April 1659, with Chaloner Chute and Thomas Bampfylde as the Speakers of the House of Commons. It was a bicameral Parliament, with an Upper House having a power of veto over the Commons.
Paul Galles
Paul Galles (born 18 May 1973) is a Luxembourgish politician and theologian. He has served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies for Centre since 2018. He is a member of the Christian Social People's Party.

Before entering politics, he was a Catholic priest, choosing to renounce priesthood in 2010 in order to pursue a romantic relationship.

Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)
The Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourgish: Chamber vun den Deputéierten or simply D'Chamber, French: Chambre des Députés, German: Abgeordnetenkammer), abbreviated to the Chamber, is the unicameral national legislature of Luxembourg. The metonym Krautmaart (French: Marché aux herbes, English: "Herb Market") is sometimes used for the Chamber, after the square on which the Hôtel de la Chambre is located.

The Chamber is made up of 60 seats. Deputies are elected to serve five-year terms by proportional representation in four multi-seat constituencies. Voters may vote for as many candidates as the constituency elects deputies.
2024–25 Women's Euro Hockey Tour
The 2024–25 Women's Euro Hockey Tour was the first Women's Euro Hockey Tour (WEHT) season following the joint commitment of Czechia, Finland, Sweden, and Switzerland to host and participate in the tour through 2028. It was the fifth season since the revision and expansion of the tournament format in 2018.

The season comprised four tournaments, hosted in Switzerland, Sweden, Finland, and Czechia, respectively. The national teams of Czechia, Finland, and Switzerland participated in all four tournaments. Sweden participated in the first three tournaments but did not participate in the fourth due to a scheduling conflict with the Olympic qualification, which was held in Sweden at the same time. Canada and the United States participated in the December tournament in Finland.

Switzerland women's national ice hockey team
The Swiss women's national ice hockey team represents Switzerland at the International Ice Hockey Federation's IIHF World Women's Championships. The women's national team is controlled by the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation.
Diocese of Nsukka
The Diocese of Nsukka (Latin: Nsukkan(a)) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Nsukka, Nigeria. The Diocese of Nsukka is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Onitsha.

The Diocese of Nsukka has partnered with the Archdiocese of Chicago's Office of Catholic Schools in Chicago, Illinois, in the United States, in order to provide further training and formation and improved organization to the Diocese of Nsukka's schools staff.

Archdiocese of Chicago
The Archdiocese of Chicago (Latin: Archidiœcesis Chicagiensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in Northeastern Illinois, in the United States. The Vatican erected it as a diocese in 1843 and elevated it to an archdiocese in 1880. Cardinal Blase Joseph Cupich is the archbishop. The cathedral parish for the archdiocese is Holy Name Cathedral in Chicago.

The archdiocese serves over 2 million Catholics in Cook and Lake counties, an area of 1,411 square miles (3,650 km2). It is the metropolitan see of the province of Chicago.
Fredrik Wersäll
Claes Fredrik Richardson Wersäll (born 30 April 1951) is a Swedish jurist and civil servant who served as the Marshal of the Realm of Sweden and chief of the Royal Court of Sweden from 1 September 2018 to 31 December 2025.

Wersäll was educated at Uppsala University, graduating in 1976 with a candidate of law. He was Prosecutor-General of Sweden from 2004 to 2008 and President of the Svea Court of Appeal from 2008 to 2018. He was appointed Marshal of the Realm of Sweden by King Carl XVI Gustaf on 15 January 2018 and took office on 1 September 2018.

Wersäll served as the Special Investigator of the Kristersson cabinet into the proposal to allow anonymous witnesses in Swedish courts. He presented his findings in June 2024.

Kristersson cabinet
The Kristersson cabinet (Swedish: regeringen Kristersson) is the 57th government of Sweden and is formed by Ulf Kristersson, leader of the Moderate Party. It is a coalition government consisting of three parties: the Moderate Party, the Christian Democrats, and the Liberals. The cabinet works closely with the Sweden Democrats, in accordance with the Tidö Agreement backed by a majority in the Riksdag.
Rotisserie chicken
Rotisserie chicken is a chicken dish that is cooked on a rotisserie by using direct heat in which the chicken is placed next to the heat source.

Electric- or gas-powered heating elements may be used by using adjustable infrared heat. These types of rotisseries have proven quite functional for cooking rotisserie-style chicken. Leftover rotisserie chicken may be used in a variety of dishes such as soup, chicken salad, and sandwiches.

Leftovers
Leftovers are surplus foods remaining unconsumed at the end of a meal, which may be put in containers with the intention of eating later. Inedible remains like bones are considered waste, not leftovers. Depending on the situation, the amount of food, and the type of food, leftovers may be saved or thrown away. The use of leftovers depends on where the meal was eaten, the preferences of the diner, and the local culture.  Leftovers from meals at home are often eaten later. This is facilitated by the private environment and convenience of airtight containers and refrigeration. People may eat leftovers directly from the refrigerator, reheat them, or use them as ingredients to make a new dish. At restaurants, uneaten food from meals is sometimes taken by diners for later consumption.
Phil K
Phillip Krokidis (6 May 1969 – 1 November 2020), known professionally as Phil K, was an Australian electronic music DJ and record producer from Melbourne. He was a member of the "Aussie breaks" music scene which also includes other Melbourne DJs such as Nubreed and Andy Page. In addition to DJing, Phil K also produced alongside Habersham and Dave Preston in The Operators and was also a member of Hi-Fi Bugs and Lostep. He was known primarily for his DJing of breakbeat music, but often weaved in other genres such as ambient, deep house, and techno and did not pigeonhole himself with a particular genre.

Breakbeat
Breakbeat is a broad type of electronic music that uses drum breaks, often sampled from early recordings of funk, jazz, and R&B. Breakbeats have been used in styles such as Florida breaks, hip-hop, jungle, drum and bass, big beat, breakbeat hardcore, and UK garage styles (including 2-step, breakstep and dubstep).
Aubin–Lions lemma
In mathematics, the Aubin–Lions lemma (or theorem) is the result in the theory of Sobolev spaces of Banach space-valued functions, which provides a compactness criterion that is useful in the study of nonlinear evolutionary partial differential equations. Typically, to prove the existence of solutions one first constructs approximate solutions (for example, by a Galerkin method or by mollification of the equation), then uses the compactness lemma to show that there is a convergent subsequence of approximate solutions whose limit is a solution.

The result is named after the French mathematicians Jean-Pierre Aubin and Jacques-Louis Lions. In the original proof by Aubin, the spaces X0 and X1 in the statement of the lemma were assumed to be reflexive, but this assumption was removed by Simon, so the result is also referred to as the Aubin–Lions–Simon  lemma.

Sobolev space
In mathematics, a Sobolev space is a vector space of functions equipped with a norm that is a combination of Lp-norms of the function together with its derivatives up to a given order. The derivatives are understood in a suitable weak sense to make the space complete, i.e. a Banach space. Intuitively, a Sobolev space is a space of functions possessing sufficiently many derivatives for some application domain, such as partial differential equations, and equipped with a norm that measures both the size and regularity of a function.

Sobolev spaces are named after the Russian mathematician Sergei Sobolev. Their importance comes from the fact that weak solutions of some important partial differential equations exist in appropriate Sobolev spaces, even when there are no strong solutions in spaces of continuous functions with the derivatives understood in the classical sense.
Pieszewo
Pieszewo [pjɛˈʂɛvɔ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Gmina Barciany
Gmina Barciany is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its seat is the village of Barciany, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Kętrzyn and 74 km (46 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 293.62 square kilometres (113.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,735.
Peter Schickele Presents an Evening with P. D. Q. Bach (1807–1742)?
Peter Schickele Presents an Evening with P. D. Q. Bach (1807–1742)? was the first concert of and the first release of the music of Peter Schickele under his comical pseudonym of P. D. Q. Bach by Vanguard Records. The chamber orchestra was conducted by Jorge Mester. The album consists of musical parodies with commentaries by the composer.

Parody music
Parody music, or musical parody, involves changing or copying existing (usually well known) musical ideas, and/or lyrics, or copying the particular style of a composer or performer, or even a general style of music.

In music, parody has been used for many different purposes and in various musical contexts: as a serious compositional technique, as an unsophisticated re-use of well-known melody to present new words, and as an intentionally humorous, even mocking, reworking of existing musical material, sometimes for satirical effect.

Examples of musical parody with completely serious intent include parody masses in the 16th century, and, in the 20th century, the use of folk tunes in popular song, and neo-classical works written for the concert hall, drawing on earlier styles. "Parody" in this serious sense continues to be a term in musicological use, existing alongside the more common use of the term to refer to parody for humorous effect.
Batus Inc.
British American Tobacco US (BATUS) was the American subsidiary of multinational company British American Tobacco (BAT), the world's second largest cigarette manufacturer. BATUS served as the U.S. holding company for BAT. In the 1960s, the company diversified into areas such as insurance, drink, and retail.

In 2004, BATUS merged with the other BAT's U.S. business, Brown & Williamson and R.J. Reynolds, to form Reynolds American.

R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company
The R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company (RJR) is an American tobacco manufacturing company based in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Founded by namesake R. J. Reynolds in 1875, it is the largest tobacco company in the United States. The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Reynolds American, itself a wholly owned subsidiary of British American Tobacco.

RJR has a large brand portfolio, which includes Camel, Newport, Doral, Eclipse, Kent, and Pall Mall. Other brands commercialized in the past included Barclay, Belair, and Real.
Tool of the Man
Tool of the Man is the third album by American alternative rock band Poster Children,  released in 1993. The title of the album comes from graffiti written in dust on the band's van during the South by Southwest Festival: "Poster Children, Band of the Year, Tool of the Man."  The album art consists of several optical illusions, including an afterimage of the United States flag on the front cover.

Afterimage
An afterimage, or after-image, is an image that continues to appear in the eyes after a period of exposure to the original image. An afterimage may be a normal phenomenon (physiological afterimage) or may be pathological (palinopsia). Illusory palinopsia may be a pathological exaggeration of physiological afterimages. Afterimages occur because photochemical activity in the retina continues even when the eyes are no longer experiencing the original stimulus.

The remainder of this article refers to physiological afterimages. A common physiological afterimage is the dim area that seems to float before one's eyes after briefly looking into a light source, such as a camera flash. Palinopsia is a common symptom of visual snow.
Postage stamps and postal history of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
This is an article about the postage stamps and postal history of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes, and of Malta, otherwise known as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta or SMOM is a Roman Catholic order based in Rome, Italy. The order takes its origins from the Knights Hospitaller, an organization founded in Jerusalem in 1050. Following the loss of Christian-held territories of the Holy Land to Muslims, the Order operated from Rhodes (1310–1523), and later from Malta (1530–1798), over which it was sovereign.

Religious order
A religious order is a subgroup within a larger confessional community that has members who lead a contemplative lifestyle devoted to prayer and service. Religious orders often trace their lineage from their founders and have a text describing their lifestyle called a rule of life. Such orders exist in a number of the world's religions and their denominations.
Andres Bonifacio College
Andres Bonifacio College (ABCollege or ABC) is a community college institution in the Philippines. Its campus is located at College Park, Brgy. Miputak, Dipolog. ABCollege offers course programs from kindergarten to postgraduate levels. Alumni and students of the college are referred to as Bonifacians.

Alumni
Alumni (sg.: alumnus (MASC) or alumna (FEM)) are former students or graduates of a school, college, or university. The feminine plural alumnae is sometimes used for groups of women, and alums (sg.: alum) or alumns (sg.: alumn) as gender-neutral alternatives. The word comes from Latin, meaning nurslings, pupils or foster children, derived from alere "to nourish".

Alumni may or may not have completed their degree. For example, Burt Reynolds was an alumnus of Florida State University but not a graduate.

Alumni can also be former inmates, former employees, former contributors, or former members of an organization.
Alcester
Alcester (/ˈɒlstər, ˈɔːl-/ ⓘ OL-stər, AWL-) is a market town and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon District in Warwickshire, England. It is 8 mi (13 km) west of Stratford-upon-Avon, and 7 miles south of Redditch. The town dates back to the times of Roman Britain and is located at the junction of the River Alne and River Arrow.

In the 2021 census, the population of the parish was 6,035, with 6,421 in the built-up area.

Barnt Green railway station
Barnt Green railway station serves the village of Barnt Green, North Worcestershire, England. It is situated 9+1⁄2 miles (15.3 km) south west of Birmingham New Street. The station, and all trains serving it, are operated by West Midlands Trains.

Barnt Green station is at the point of a Y-shaped junction between the main line towards Bromsgrove, Worcester and the south-east, and the branch line to Redditch which is part of the Cross-City Line. It has platforms on both lines, until 2018 only the Redditch line platforms saw regular services, however since Cross-City Line services were extended to Bromsgrove, the main line platforms now also see regular use.