hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS Blackfin
USS Blackfin (SS-322), a Balao-class submarine in commission from 1944 to 1948 and from 1951 to 1972, was a ship of the United States Navy named for the blackfin cisco, a food fish of the Great Lakes.

During World War II, Blackfin completed five war patrols in the Philippine Islands, South China Sea, and Yellow Sea. She sank the Japanese destroyer Shigure, which until then was known for her legendary luck, surviving for most of the war and a number of important Japanese naval operations. Blackfin also sank a Japanese cargo ship. After World War II, Blackfin served in the United States Pacific Fleet, and saw service in the Vietnam War.

Blackfin cisco
The blackfin cisco (Coregonus nigripinnis) was a North American salmonid fish in the freshwater whitefish sub-family Coregoninae. This silvery, deep-bodied fish with black fins, large eyes, a blunt snout and a terminal mouth, was one of the largest forms of ciscoes. The blackfin cisco used to inhabit the Great Lakes of North America until recently, but has been reported to have gone extinct. The blackfin cisco is a member of the C. artedi complex, whose taxonomy has not yet been resolved, and it may not represent a valid species.
Zero interest-rate policy
Zero interest-rate policy (ZIRP) is a macroeconomic concept describing conditions with a very low nominal interest rate, such as those in contemporary Japan and in the United States from December 2008 through December 2015 and again from March 2020 until March 2022 amid the COVID-19 pandemic. ZIRP is considered to be an unconventional monetary policy instrument and can be associated with slow economic growth, deflation and deleverage. ZIRP could also describe an interest-free economy.

Deleveraging
At the micro-economic level, deleveraging refers to the reduction of the leverage ratio, or the percentage of debt in the balance sheet of a single economic entity, such as a household or a firm. It is the opposite of leveraging, which is the practice of borrowing money to acquire assets and multiply gains and losses.

At the macro-economic level, deleveraging of an economy refers to the simultaneous reduction of debt levels in multiple sectors, including private sectors and the government sector. It is usually measured as a decline of the total debt to GDP ratio in the national accounts. The deleveraging of an economy following a financial crisis has significant macro-economic consequences and is often associated with severe recessions.
Lowes Loch (Ayrshire)
Lowes Loch, The Lochs (NS 37754 55688) or Loch of Hill is now a small natural freshwater loch in the North Ayrshire Council Areas (KA15 2JR), Scotland, lying in a glacial kettle hole, once of greater extent, lying below Brownmuir and Lochland Hills on the Threepwood Road, near Beith, in the Parish of Beith. The loch may once have had a small island within it.

Common hawker
The common hawker, moorland hawker or sedge darner (Aeshna juncea) is one of the larger species of hawker dragonflies. It is native to Palearctic (from Ireland to Japan) and northern North America. The flight period is from June to early October.

It is 74 millimetres (2.9 in) long with a brown body. The male has a black abdomen with paired blue and yellow spots on each abdominal segment, and narrow stripes along the dorsal surface of the thorax. In the female, the abdomen is brown with yellow or sometimes green or blue spots. The wings of both sexes display a yellow costa (the major vein running along the leading edge of the wings). This species lacks the green thorax stripes of the southern hawker.

Female common hawkers will sometimes dive out of the sky and feign death in order to avoid copulating with males.
Jacques Sanglier
Jacques Andre Emile Sanglier (22 February 1919 – 3 March 2014) was a French politician and tennis player.

A native of Paris, Sanglier was active on the tennis tour from the 1930s to 1950s. He made the singles fourth round at the 1946 Wimbledon Championships, before being beaten by Lennart Bergelin.

Sanglier was a member of Gaullist political parties and was first elected deputy in 1959.

He represented Paris's 22nd constituency in the National Assembly from 1962–1967 and from 1969–1973.

He replaced Pierre-Christian Taittinger as a Senator of Paris in 1976 and served the final two years of his term.

1946 Wimbledon Championships
The 1946 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament was held from Monday 24 June until Saturday 6 July 1946. It was the 60th staging of the Wimbledon Championships and the first one held after a six-year break due to World War II. In 1946 and 1947 Wimbledon was held before the French Championships and was thus the second Grand Slam tennis event of the year. The Wimbledon Championships would take place every year until 2019, a span of 74 consecutive years before the event would be cancelled in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Joe Cogdal
Joseph T. Cogdal (March 22, 1897 – July 3, 1978) was an American football and basketball coach. He served as the head football at Findlay College—now known as the University of Findlay–in Findlay, Ohio and Illinois State Normal University—now known as Illinois State University—in Normal, Illinois from 1927 to 1930.

After arriving at the university in 1927, he remained until at least the 1960s. He died in 1978.

Cogdal competed in track and field collegiately for the Millikin Big Blue.

Findlay, Ohio
Findlay (/ˈfɪnli/ FIN-lee) is a city in Hancock County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The second-largest city in Northwest Ohio, Findlay lies about 40 miles (64 km) south of Toledo. The population was 40,313 at the 2020 census. The principal city of the Findlay micropolitan area, it is home to the University of Findlay and the headquarters of Marathon Petroleum.
Historias de la Conquista del Mayab
Historias de la Conquista del Mayab ("Histories of the Conquest of the Mayab") is a Mexican manuscript ostensibly written in 1725 by an otherwise unknown friar, Joseph de San Buena Ventura, who compiled it from various older sources. The manuscript is now regarded as a forgery created in the 1950s or 1960s, with information derived from a Spanish translation of Sylvanus G. Morley's 1947 book The Ancient Maya. It is written on modern paper, which cannot date from earlier than the 19th century.

Historias de la Conquista del Mayab appears to have been produced by the same forger as Las Memorias de Guerrero, the Historia de la pazificacion de las tierras de los indios itzaes y las ganzias de el tayasal y de todos los pueblos de la alaguna en el año 1697, and the Canek Manuscript, with which it bears a number of similarities.

The manuscript was acquired by the Archivo de Historia de México Condumex  in Mexico City shortly after 1970.

Friar
A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Catholic Church. There are also friars outside of the Catholic Church, such as within the Evangelical-Lutheran Churches and Anglican Communion. The term, first used in the 12th or 13th century, distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their vow of stability. A friar may be in holy orders or be a non-ordained brother. The most significant orders of friars are the Dominicans, Franciscans, Augustinians, and Carmelites.
Lios na gCon
Lios na gCon (from Irish Lios na gCon, meaning 'ringfort of the hounds') is a reconstructed ringfort located in Darrara, County Cork, Ireland.

It was excavated and reconstructed on its original location between August 1987 and August 1989 by Macra na Feirme from Clonakilty.

It opened to the public in 2009 but was abandoned in 2015 over alleged disagreements between Teagasc (the owners of the land) and Cork County Council.

In keeping with other similar ringforts, it may have served as a fortified farmstead between 400 BC and 1200 AD.

Macra na Feirme
Macra na Feirme (Irish pronunciation: [ˈmˠakɾˠə n̪ˠə ˈfʲɛɾʲəmʲə]; officially meaning 'stalwarts of the land') is an Irish voluntary rural youth organisation. It provides a social outlet for members in sport, travel, public speaking, performing arts, community involvement and agriculture.

The organisation rebranded in September 2022 by shortening the organisation to Macra.
Jean-Baptiste Lobréau
Jean-Baptiste Lobréau ("Citizen Lobréau" in dispatches; 1748–1822) was a French Legion of Honour soldier.

Lobréau was born 24 March 1748 in Hautvilliers, Champagna, which is present-day Marne. He was the son of Gerard Lobreau, a physician, and d'Élisabeth Macquart and married Marie Barbe Eulalie Graillet.  He entered the service as a cannonier in the 2nd artillery regiment of Metz, and fought in Corsica from 1768 to 1769; in 1769 French victory at the Battle of Ponte Novu ended Corsica's brief period of sovereignty.  Subsequently, he embarked with the squadron of Admiral D'Estaign to participate in the Yorktown Campaign in 1782 and 1783.  After fighting in the Wars against the First Coalition, in particular in northern Italy and the Rhine Campaign of 1796, during which he commanded the artillery at the siege at Kehl, he returned to France, where he supervised the construction of the fortifications of Brest.  He received the cross of the Legion of Honour.

Champagne (province)
Champagne (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃paɲ] ⓘ) was a province in the northeast of the Kingdom of France, now best known as the Champagne wine region for the sparkling white wine that bears its name in modern-day France. The County of Champagne, descended from the early medieval kingdom of Austrasia, passed to the French crown in 1314.

Formerly ruled by the counts of Champagne, its western edge is about 160 km (100 miles) east of Paris. The cities of Troyes, Reims, and Épernay are the commercial centers of the area. In 1956, most of Champagne became part of the French administrative region of Champagne-Ardenne, which comprised four departments: Ardennes, Aube, Haute-Marne, and Marne. From 1 January 2016, Champagne-Ardenne merged with the adjoining regions of Alsace and Lorraine to form the new region of Grand Est.
Rat-tailed maggot
Rat-tailed maggots are the larvae of certain species of hoverflies belonging to the tribes Eristalini and Sericomyiini. A characteristic feature of rat-tailed maggots is a tube-like, telescoping breathing siphon located at their posterior end. This acts like a snorkel, allowing the larva to breathe air while submerged. The siphon is usually about as long as the maggot's body (20 mm (1 in) when mature), but can be extended up to about 150 mm (6 in). This organ gives the larva its common name.

The most commonly encountered rat-tailed maggot is the larva of the drone fly, Eristalis tenax. It lives in stagnant, oxygen-deprived water, with a high organic content. It is fairly tolerant of pollution and can live in sewage lagoons and cesspools.

Cesspit
Cesspit, cesspool and soak pit in some contexts are terms with various meanings: they are used to describe either an underground holding tank (sealed at the bottom) or a soak pit (not sealed at the bottom). A cesspit can be used for the temporary collection and storage of feces, excreta, or fecal sludge as part of an on-site sanitation system and has some similarities with septic tanks or with soak pits. Traditionally, it was a deep cylindrical chamber dug into the ground, having approximate dimensions of 1 metre (3.3 ft) diameter and 2–3 metres (6.6–9.8 ft) depth. Its appearance was similar to that of a hand-dug water well.

The pit can be lined with bricks or concrete, covered with a slab, and needs to be emptied frequently when in use as an underground holding tank.  In other cases (if soil and groundwater conditions allow), it is not constructed watertight, to allow liquid to leach out (similar to a pit latrine or to a soak pit).
Alessandri (surname)
Alessandri is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessandro Alessandri (1461–1523), Italian jurist

Ana Fani Alessandri Carlos, Brazilian geographer

Angelo Alessandri (born 1969), Italian politician

Arturo Alessandri (1868–1950), Chilean President

Felice Alessandri (1747–1798), Italian composer

Fernando Alessandri (1897–1982), Chilean politician

Fiona Alessandri (born 1967), Australian swimmer.

Gaspare Alessandri (1908–1997), Italian boxer

Giovanni Mario Alessandri (16th century), Italian Hispanist and grammarian

Gustavo Alessandri Valdés (1929–2017), Chilean politician and lawyer

Hernan Alessandri (1900–1982), Chilean physician

Innocente Alessandri (18th century), Italian engraver

Jorge Alessandri (1896–1986), Chilean President

Lodovico Alessandri (1903–1987), Brazilian fencer

Madeleine Alessandri CMG (born 1965), British civil servant

Marcel Alessandri (1895–1968), French army officer

Nerio Alessandri (born 1961), Italian entrepreneur

Angelo Alessandri
Angelo Alessandri (born 29 September 1969 in Reggio Emilia) is an Italian politician. He has been the leader of the Northern League Emilia and federal president of the Northern League (from 2005 to 2012).

He was elected to the Italian Chamber of Deputies in 2006 and 2008.

In 2012 he resigned from Northern League, in contrast to the "new course" undertaken by the Secretary Roberto Maroni.

On 18 December 2013 he presented the new I Change party, of which he became national president.
Craig Newmark
Craig Alexander Newmark (born December 6, 1952) is an American internet entrepreneur and philanthropist best known as the founder of the classifieds website Craigslist. Before founding Craigslist, he worked as a computer programmer for IBM, Bank of America, and Charles Schwab. Newmark served as chief executive officer of Craigslist from its founding until 2000. He founded Craig Newmark Philanthropies in 2015.

The Chronicle of Philanthropy
The Chronicle of Philanthropy is a magazine and digital platform that covers the nonprofit world of philanthropy. Based in Washington, D.C., it is aimed at charity leaders, foundation executives, fund raisers, and other people involved in philanthropy. The Chronicle of Philanthropy publishes 12 print issues a year as well as daily Web coverage and multiple e-newsletters, including Philanthropy Today.

The Chronicle of Philanthropy was founded in 1988 by editor Phil Semas and then managing editor Stacy Palmer. It was initially owned by The Chronicle of Higher Education Inc., which also publishes The Chronicle of Higher Education, a weekly newspaper covering colleges and universities. On May 4, 2022, The Chronicle of Philanthropy announced plans to spin off and become an independent, nonprofit organization, As of February 2023, with approval from the Internal Revenue Service, that transition took effect.
Winterham, Virginia
Winterham (also called "Ham", according to the USGS) is a mostly rural unincorporated community in central Amelia County in the U.S. state of Virginia, lying along  US 360 at the northern terminus of SR 628 (Butlers Road). Its elevation is 338 feet (103 m) above sea level. Winterham is served by the volunteer fire department and post office at the county seat, Amelia Court House (ZIP code 23002), approximately 3 miles southwest.

Amelia Court House, Virginia
Amelia Court House (also known as Amelia Courthouse and Amelia) is the county seat of Amelia County in the U.S. state of Virginia and a census-designated place (CDP). The population as of the 2010 census was 1,099. The town was named for Princess Amelia of Great Britain, the second daughter of Great Britain's King George II, in 1735.
Janusz Spyra
Dr Hab. Janusz Jan Spyra (born 26 October 1958) is a Polish historian. He is specializing in history of Cieszyn Silesia.

He graduated from the Jagiellonian University. In 1994 he gained a Ph.D. from the University of Silesia. In 2007 Spyra passed his habilitation. In 2017 he gained a title of professor.

Cieszyn Silesia
Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia (Polish: Śląsk Cieszyński [ˈɕlɔ̃sk tɕɛˈʂɨj̃skʲi] ⓘ; Czech: Těšínské Slezsko [ˈcɛʃiːnskɛː ˈslɛsko] ⓘ or Těšínsko [ˈcɛʃiːnsko] ⓘ; German: Teschener Schlesien or Olsagebiet) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český Těšín and bisected by the Olza River. Since 1920 it has been divided between Poland and Czechoslovakia, and later the Czech Republic. It covers an area of about 2,280 square kilometres (880 sq mi) and has about 810,000 inhabitants, of which 1,002 square kilometres (387 sq mi) (44%) is in Poland, while 1,280 square kilometres (494 sq mi) (56%) is in the Czech Republic.

The historical boundaries of the region are roughly the same as those of the former independent Duchy of Cieszyn. Currently, over half of Cieszyn Silesia forms one of the euroregions, the Cieszyn Silesia Euroregion, with the rest of it belonging to Euroregion Beskydy.
Beti Rabadzievska-Naumovska
Beti Rabadzievska-Naumovska (Macedonian: Бети Рабаџиевска-Наумовска, born 24 September 1973) is a Macedonian physician and politician. She has been a member of the Assembly of North Macedonia since 2016.

Assembly of North Macedonia
The Assembly of the Republic of North Macedonia is the unicameral legislature of North Macedonia. According to the Constitution, the Sobranie represents the people and is vested with legislative power. It can have between 120 and 140 MPs (currently 120), elected by proportional representation from 6 electoral districts, each contributing 20 MPs, and there are also 3 reserved seats elected from the Macedonian diaspora which are awarded only if the voter turnout was sufficient. MPs are elected for a term of four years and cannot be recalled during their term. The Sobranie is presided over by a President (Speaker). Its organization and functioning are regulated by the Constitution and Rules of Procedure. The Assembly's seat is in the Sobranie Palace in country's capital Skopje.
1949 Chicago Hornets season
The 1949 Chicago Hornets season was their fourth and final season in the All-America Football Conference. The team improved on their previous output of 1-13, winning four games. Despite the improvement, they failed to qualify for the playoffs and the team folded with the league.

1948 Chicago Rockets season
The 1948 Chicago Rockets season was their third in the All-America Football Conference. The team matched their previous output of 1–13, failing to qualify for the playoffs for the third consecutive season.

The Rockets had a turnover margin of minus-30, which is tied for the worst in professional football history.

The team's statistical leaders included Jesse Freitas with 1,425 passing yards, Eddie Prokop with 266 rushing yards, and Fay King with 647 receiving yards and 42 points scored.
2024 Cavan Senior Football Championship
The 2024 Cavan Senior Football Championship was the 115th edition of Cavan GAA's premier Gaelic football tournament for senior graded clubs in County Cavan, Ireland. The tournament consists of 12 teams, with the winner going on to represent Cavan in the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship. The championship began on 15 August 2024.

Gowna entered the championship as two-time defending champions, but were dethroned at the semi-final stage by Ramor United. Crosserlough won the championship with an eight-point win over Ramor in the final.

Ulster Senior Club Football Championship
The Ulster Senior Club Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football tournament organised by Ulster GAA. It is played between the Senior championship winners from each of the nine counties of Ulster. The competition was first held in 1968 and has a straight knock-out format. The winners are awarded the Seamus McFerran Cup (Irish: Corn Shéamuis Mhic Fearáin). The winners go on to represent Ulster in the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.

Derry clubs have won the competition seventeen times, more than any other county. Crossmaglen Rangers are the most successful club, having won the competition eleven times. The current champions are Scotstown from Monaghan, having beaten Kilcoo in the 2025 final.
Samuel Fessenden
Samuel Fessenden (July 16, 1784 – March 13, 1869) was an American attorney, abolitionist, and politician. He served in both houses of the Massachusetts state legislature before Maine became a separate state. He was elected as major general in the state militia. He was considered a leader among his professional peers.

James Grant Wilson
James Grant Wilson (April 28, 1832 – February 1, 1914) was an American editor, author, bookseller and publisher, who founded the Chicago Record in 1857, the first literary paper in that region. During the American Civil War, he served as a colonel in the Union Army. In recognition of his service, in 1867, he was named brevet brigadier general of volunteers to rank from March 13, 1865. He settled in New York, where he edited biographies and histories, was a public speaker, and served as president of the Society of American Authors and the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society.
Cricocosmia
Cricocosmia is an abundant palaeoscolecid worm endemic to the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota of Yunnan, China. It resembles modern priapulids, and holds a pivotal role in understanding the evolution of early ecdysozoans. It possessed paired lateral sclerites and paired ventral projections which have been compared with early panarthropod legs. It was a detritivore, living in shallow horizontal burrows, sometimes in great concentration.

Panarthropoda
Panarthropoda is a clade comprising the greatest diversity of animal groups. It contains the extant phyla Arthropoda (Euarthropoda), Tardigrada (water bears) and Onychophora (velvet worms), although the relationships among these remained uncertain according to studies published in 2023 and 2024. Panarthropods also include extinct marine legged worms known as lobopodians ("Lobopodia"), a paraphyletic group where the last common ancestor and basal members (stem-group) of each extant panarthropod phylum are thought to have risen. However the term "Lobopodia" is sometimes expanded to include tardigrades and onychophorans as well.

Common characteristics of the Panarthropoda include a segmented body, paired ladder-like ventral nervous system, and the presence of paired appendages correlated with body segments.
Viscount Lanesborough
Viscount Lanesborough is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Ireland. The first creation came on 31 July 1676 in favour Sir George Lane, 2nd Baronet. The titles became extinct upon the death of his son, the second Viscount, on 2 August 1724. The Lane Baronetcy, of Tulske in the County of Roscommon, had been created in the Baronetage of Ireland on 9 February 1661 for Richard Lane. The second creation came on 12 August 1728 in favour of Brinsley Butler, 2nd Baron Newtown-Butler. His son Humphrey was created Earl of Lanesborough in 1756. See the latter title for more information on this creation.

The Honourable Frances Lane, daughter of the first Viscount of the first creation, married as her second husband Henry Fox. Their son George Fox-Lane, 1st Baron Bingley assumed the additional surname of Lane and was created Baron Bingley in 1762.

Humphrey Butler, 1st Earl of Lanesborough
Humphrey Butler, 1st Earl of Lanesborough (c. 1700 – 11 April 1768) was an Irish politician.

Butler was appointed High Sheriff for County Cavan in 1727 and High Sheriff of Westmeath in 1728. Between 1725 and 1736, he sat as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Belturbet in the Irish House of Commons.

When the Grand Lodge of Ireland was established in c. 1723, he was appointed Deputy Grand Master.

Butler was awarded the honorary degree of LL.D. by Trinity College, Dublin.

He married Mary, the daughter of Richard Berry. He was succeeded by his son, Brinsley, who was also Deputy Grand Master from 1753 to 1756 and elected Grand Master for 1757.