hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Life of Muhammad
The Life of Muhammad is a 2011 British three-part documentary miniseries examining the life of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the origins of Islam. The documentary was directed by Faris Kermani, written by Ziauddin Sardar, and presented by Rageh Omaar. It was broadcast by BBC Two over three consecutive weeks from 11 July 2011 to 25 July 2011.

Ziauddin Sardar
Ziauddin Sardar (Urdu: ضیاء الدین سردار; born 31 October 1951) is a British-Pakistani scholar, award-winning writer, cultural critic and public intellectual who specialises in Muslim thought, the future of Islam, futures studies, Critique of modernity,  postmodernism and science and cultural relations. He has written and edited more than 60 books. Prospect magazine named him as one of Britain's top 100 public intellectuals and The Independent newspaper called him: 'Britain's own Muslim polymath'.

In 2012, he launched the influential quarterly, Critical Muslim, which is published by Hurst Publishers and the Muslim Institute, as a paperback book. In 2014, Sardar established The Center for Postnormal Policy and Futures Studies which focuses on his recent work on Postnormal Times. In 2025, he was appointed Director, International Institute of Futures Studies, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)
Sheikh Chilli (Sufi saint)
Sufi Saint Abdul-Karim Abd-ur-Razak; popularly known by the name of Sheikh Chilli, was a Qadiriyya Sufi, he was known for his wisdom and generosity. He was the master of Mughal Prince Dara Shikoh (A.D. 1650). Many people consider him a great darwesh. There is a Sheikh Chilli's Tomb located in Thanesar, Haryana, India, in Kurukshetra.

Kurukshetra
Kurukshetra (Hindi: kurukṣetra, pronounced [kʊrʊkʃeːtɾə]ⓘ) is a historical region in India, also known as Dharmakshetra ("Realm of duty") and as the "Land of the Bhagavad Gita." It also refers to the city Kurukshetra, situated in the area and administrative headquarters of Kurukshetra district in the Indian state of Haryana.
Kreuznach Conference (August 9, 1917)
The Kreuznach Conference on August 9, 1917, was a German government conference that aimed to draft the Reich Government's response to the proposals made on August 1, 1917, by Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister Ottokar Czernin for negotiating an honorable way out of the conflict. Additionally, the conference served as the primary meeting between the new Imperial Chancellor, Georg Michaelis, and the two main leaders of the German High Command, Erich Ludendorff and Paul von Hindenburg. At this meeting, the military tried to impose the war aims they set for the conflict on the members of the civilian government, based on the minutes of the April 23, 1917 conference.

Ottokar Czernin
Ottokar Theobald Otto Maria Graf Czernin von und zu Chudenitz (Czech: Otakar Theobald Otto Maria hrabě Černín z Chudenic; 26 September 1872 – 4 April 1932) was an Austro-Hungarian diplomat and politician during the time of World War I, notably serving as Foreign Minister from 1916 to 1918.
England national deaf cricket team
England Deaf Cricket Team represents England and Wales in international Deaf cricket. The team, consisting of players who are Deaf or hearing impaired, is one of the England and Wales Cricket Board's (ECB) four disability teams. Participating in international cricket since 1992, the England Deaf cricket team have been perennial runners-up, achieving this in the 1995/6 and 2005 editions of the Deaf world cups along with the 2011 DICC champions trophy. They are current holders of the Deaf Ashes.

Internationally, Deaf Cricketers must have a minimum hearing loss of 55dB in both ears. On the playing field, players play without their hearing aids/cochlear implants. The England Deaf cricket team has a mixture of BSL users, Sign Supported English users and Spoken English.

The current head coach is Jason Weaver. He is assisted by former captain, Paul Allen.

Manually coded English
Manually Coded English (MCE) is an umbrella term referring to a number of invented manual codes intended to visually represent the exact grammar and morphology of spoken English. Different codes of MCE vary in the levels of adherence to spoken English grammar, morphology, and syntax. MCE is typically used in conjunction with direct spoken English.
2020 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 2020 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships was scheduled to be the 99th NCAA Division I Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championships and the 39th NCAA Division I Women's Outdoor Track and Field Championships held at Mike A. Myers Stadium in Austin, Texas on the campus of the University of Texas at Austin. In total, forty-two different men's and women's track and field events were to be contested from Wednesday, June 10 to Saturday, June 13, 2020. On March 12, 2020, the event was cancelled by the NCAA due to the coronavirus pandemic.

Mike A. Myers Stadium
Mike A. Myers Stadium and Soccer Field is a stadium owned and operated by the University of Texas at Austin. It is home of Texas Longhorn track and field and soccer teams and also home to the USATF Elite Running Circuit Austin Track Club. The 20,000-seat stadium hosts the historic Texas Relays annually in April, as well as the University Interscholastic League track and field state championship in May.
Alice on the Roof
Alice Dutoit (French: [alis dytwa]), known professionally as Alice on the Roof (born 23 January 1995 in Soignies, Hainaut) is a Belgian singer. She sings in both English and French. In 2022, she became a coach for the second season of The Voice Kids Belgique and returned for the third season in 2025.

Soignies
Soignies (French pronunciation: [swaɲi] ⓘ; Dutch: Zinnik, pronounced [ˈzɪnɪk]; Picard: Sougniye; Walloon: Sougniye) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

It consists of the following districts: Casteau, Chaussée-Notre-Dame-Louvignies, Horrues, Naast, Neufvilles, Soignies and Thieusies. Casteau is known worldwide because SHAPE, the military headquarters of NATO, has been based at the village since 1967.

The name of Soignies comes from the Latin word suniacum, which means "on the Senne". The spring of the Senne is near Soignies. After Soignies, the river flows through Brussels.

Soignies is also well known for its blue limestone (from the Carrières du Hainaut) and its glass industry (Durobor).
St Newlyn East
St Newlyn East (Cornish: Eglosnywlin) is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village is approximately three miles (5 km) south of Newquay. The name St Newlyn East is locally abbreviated to Newlyn East and according to an anonymous historian writing in The Cornishman in 1880 it was only in recent years that Saint had been added to the parish name.

The parish is named after the patron saint of the church, St Newlina, and the population was 1,390 in the 2001 census, which had increased to 1,635 at the 2011 census. There is also an electoral ward named Newlyn and Goonhavern which following the 2011 census had a population of 4,933.

The Lappa Valley Steam Railway tourist attraction operates near Newlyn East. At Trerice is the Tudor mansion of the Arundells now in the care of the National Trust. To the northeast is Tresillian House.

The village has a primary school.

Lappa Valley Steam Railway
The Lappa Valley Railway is a 15 in (381 mm) minimum-gauge railway located near Newquay in Cornwall. The railway functions as a tourist attraction, running from Benny Halt (50°22′32″N 5°02′28″W﻿ / ﻿50.3756°N 5.0412°W﻿ / 50.3756; -5.0412﻿ (Benny Halt)) to East Wheal Rose (50°21′44″N 5°02′30″W﻿ / ﻿50.3623°N 5.0416°W﻿ / 50.3623; -5.0416﻿ (East Wheal Rose)), where there is a leisure area with two miniature railways.
Tōbu-Utsunomiya Station
Tōbu-Utsunomiya Station (東武宇都宮駅, Tōbu-Utsunomiya-eki) is a railway station in the city of Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Tobu Railway. The station is numbered "TN-40".

Tobu Railway
The Tobu Railway Company, Ltd. (東武鉄道株式会社, Tōbu Tetsudō kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese commuter railway and keiretsu holding company in the Greater Tokyo Area as well as an intercity and regional operator in the Kantō region. Excluding the Japan Railways Group companies, Tobu's 463.3 km (287.9 mi) rail system is the second longest in Japan after Kintetsu. It serves large portions of Saitama Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture, as well as northern Tokyo and western Chiba Prefecture. The Tobu Railway Company is listed in the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 index.

The Tobu corporate group is also engaged in road transportation (bus/taxi), real estate, and retail. It is the owner of the Tokyo Skytree, the third tallest tower in the world. The company is a member of the Fuyo Group keiretsu.

The name "Tobu" is formed from the kanji for east (東) and Musashi (武蔵), the initial area served.
Strehla
Strehla (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtʁeːla] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Strjela, pronounced [ˈstʁʲɛla]) is a small town in the district of Meißen, Saxony, Germany. It is located on the river Elbe, north of Riesa. This place name means arrow in Sorbian. Strehla includes the following subdivisions:

Forberge

Görzig/Trebnitz

Großrügeln

Lößnig

Oppitzsch

Paußnitz

Unterreußen

Arrow
An arrow is a fin-stabilized projectile launched by a bow. A typical arrow usually consists of a long, stiff, straight shaft with a weighty (and usually sharp and pointed) arrowhead attached to the front end, multiple fin-like stabilizers called fletchings mounted near the rear, and a slot at the rear end called a nock for engaging the bowstring. A container or bag carrying additional arrows for convenient reloading is called a quiver.

The use of bows and arrows by humans predates recorded history and is common to most cultures. A craftsman who makes arrows is a fletcher, and one who makes arrowheads is an arrowsmith.
Paso Flores Formation
The Paso Flores Formation is a latest Late Triassic (Rhaetian) geologic formation in the Neuquén Basin of Neuquén Province in northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. The brown to red-stained conglomerates, sandstones and shales of the formation represent the youngest and only latest Triassic sedimentary unit in the country, overlying basement.

The formation has provided a rich fossil flora of various groups, preserved in leaves and fossil wood in the finer lithologies in the Paso Flores Formation. The fossil flora is representative of the ecosystem of the latest Triassic, preceding the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event.

Ginkgoopsida
Ginkgoopsida is a proposed class of gymnosperms defined by Sergei V. Meyen in 1984 to encompass Ginkgoales (which contains the living Ginkgo) alongside a number of extinct seed plant groups, which he considered to be closely related based on similarities of morphology of pollen, seeds, cuticles, short shoots and leaves. The validity of this group as a whole has been considered questionable by other authors, who consider that it is unlikely to be monophyletic. Other authors have used the class as a monotypic grouping, including only Ginkgoales. Some authors have used the clade Ginkgophyta to encompass both Ginkgoales and Czekanowskiales/Leptostrobales, which are suggested to be closely related groups.
St. James' School (Kolkata)
St. James' School, Kolkata, India, is a CNI school, and is one of the oldest private schools in India. It was founded on 25 July 1864 by Bishop Cotton, and celebrated its sesquicentenary (150 years) in July 2014. It is an all-boys school and is associated with the ICSE and ISC Board of Education.
The school has four houses, which are Cotton, Copleston, Lefroy, and Westcott, each named after an English Bishop who served in India in the 19th century.
In 1900, the hockey team of St. James' School won the prestigious Beighton Cup title.

Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) is an academic qualification awarded by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, a private, non-governmental board of education in India. The CISCE conducts these examinations to assess students' performance in a course of general education, offered through the medium of English, and aligned with the recommendations of the New Education Policy 2020. The board facilitates these examinations for affiliated schools across various states and union territories, ensuring standardized evaluation and representation.
Siebel Scholars
The Siebel Scholars program was established by the Thomas and Stacey Siebel Foundation in 2000 to recognize the most talented students at graduate schools of business, computer science, bioengineering, and energy science in the United States, China, France, Italy, and Japan.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Engineering
The MIT School of Engineering (SoE) is one of the five schools of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. It was established in 1932 as part of the reorganization of the Institute recommended by President Karl Taylor Compton. SoE has eight academic departments and two interdisciplinary institutes. The School grants SB, MEng, SM, engineer's degrees, and PhD or ScD degrees. As of 2017, the Dean of Engineering is Professor Anantha Chandrakasan. The school is the largest at MIT as measured by undergraduate and graduate enrollments and faculty members.
Homatropine
Homatropine (Equipin, Isopto Homatropine) is an anticholinergic medication that is an antagonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and thus the parasympathetic nervous system.  It is used in eye drops as a cycloplegic (to temporarily paralyze accommodation), and as a mydriatic (to dilate the pupil).

The related chemical compound homatropine methylbromide (methylhomatropine) is a different medication. Homatropine is less potent than atropine and has a shorter duration of action.  It is available as the hydrobromide salt.  Homatropine is also given as an atropine substitute, given to reverse the muscarinic and CNS effects associated with indirect cholinomimetic (anti-AChase) administration.

Homatropine hydrobromide is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

It is an antagonist of all five muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-coupled receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells. They play several roles, including acting as the main end-receptor stimulated by acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibers. They are mainly found in the parasympathetic nervous system, but also have a role in the sympathetic nervous system in the control of sweat glands.

Muscarinic receptors are so named because they are more sensitive to muscarine than to nicotine. Their counterparts are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), receptor ion channels that are also important in the autonomic nervous system. Many drugs and other substances (for example pilocarpine and scopolamine) manipulate these two distinct receptors by acting as selective agonists or antagonists.
HMS Brantingham
HMS Brantingham was one of 93 ships of the Ham class of inshore minesweepers.

Their names were all chosen from villages ending in -ham. The minesweeper was named after Brantingham in the East Riding of Yorkshire.

In 1958 it was transferred to the Royal Malayan Navy and renamed KD Temasek.

Royal Malaysian Navy
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN, Malay: Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia; TLDM; Jawi: تنترا لاءوت دراج مليسيا‎) is the naval arm of the Malaysian Armed Forces. RMN is the main agency responsible for the country's maritime surveillance and defence operations. RMN's area of operation consists of 603,210 square kilometers covering the country's coastal areas and Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ). RMN also bears the responsibility of controlling the country's main Sea Lines of Communications (SLOC) such as the Straits of Malacca and the Straits of Singapore and also monitors national interests in areas with overlapping claims such as in Spratly.
Fixture
A fixture can refer to:

Test fixture, used to control and automate testing

Light fixture

Plumbing fixture

Virtual fixture

Fixture (tool), a tool used in manufacturing

Fixture (property law)

A type of sporting event

Virtual fixture
A virtual fixture is an overlay of augmented sensory information upon a user's perception of a real environment in order to improve human performance in both direct and remotely manipulated tasks. Developed in the early 1990s by Louis Rosenberg at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Virtual Fixtures was a pioneering platform in virtual reality and augmented reality technologies.
Rådmansgatan, Stockholm
Rådmansgatan is a street in the districts of Östermalm and Vasastaden in the inner city of Stockholm, Sweden.

The Rådmansgatan metro station is located at the intersection of Rådmansgatan with Sveavägen.

59°20′38.8″N 18°4′20.3″E﻿ / ﻿59.344111°N 18.072306°E﻿ / 59.344111; 18.072306

Vasastan, Stockholm
Vasastan, or formally Vasastaden, (Swedish for "Vasa town") is a 3.00 km2 large city district in central Stockholm, Sweden, being a part of Norrmalm borough.

The major parks in Vasastaden are Vasaparken and Observatorielunden near the centre and Vanadislunden and Bellevueparken in the north.

Vasastaden is considered Sweden’s most expensive district based on average price per square meter, a position the district has held since the 2010s.
Irlam (1800 ship)
Irlam was launched in 1800 at Liverpool as a West Indiaman, sailing between Liverpool and Barbados. Although a merchantman and not a privateer, she made an unusually aggressive use of her letter of marque, capturing or recapturing four vessels. She wrecked on Tuskar Rock in 1812.

Lloyd's List
Lloyd's List is one of the world's oldest continuously running journals, having provided weekly shipping news in London as early as 1734. It was published daily until 2013 (when the final print issue, number 60,850, was published), and is now published digitally.

Also known simply as The List, it was begun by Edward Lloyd, the proprietor of Lloyd's Coffee House, as a source of information for merchants' agents and insurance underwriters who met regularly in his establishment on Lombard Street to negotiate insurance coverage for trading vessels. It continues to provide this information in addition to marine insurance, offshore energy, logistics, market data, research, global trade and law information, and shipping news.
William Ó Cellaigh
William Ó Cellaigh, King of Ui Maine, died 1487.

Upon the death of Aedh na gCailleach Ó Cellaigh in 1469, the Ui Maine elected two kings, ruling Iar Ui Maine (west) and Airthir Ui Maine (east) respectively. They were Tadhg Caech Ó Cellaigh of Airthir, and William in the west. Upon the retirement of Tadhg in 1476, Uilliam became king of all Ui Maine, installing his brother, Donnchadh, as tánaiste in Airthir.

In 1487 he was deposed and died in chains sometime that year.

Tánaiste
The Tánaiste (/ˈtɔːnɪʃtə/ TAW-nish-tə, Irish: [ˈt̪ˠaːn̪ˠəʃtʲə] ⓘ) is the second-ranking member of the government of Ireland and the holder of its second-most senior office. It is the equivalent of the deputy prime minister in other parliamentary systems.

The Tánaiste is appointed by the president of Ireland on the advice of the Taoiseach. The current office holder is Simon Harris, TD, who was appointed on 23 January 2025.
AM-1221
AM-1221 is a drug that acts as a potent and selective agonist for the cannabinoid receptor CB2, with a Ki of 0.28 nM at CB2 and 52.3 nM at the CB1 receptor, giving it around 180 times selectivity for CB2. The 2-methyl and 6-nitro groups on the indole ring both tend to increase CB2 affinity while generally reducing affinity at CB1, explaining the high CB2 selectivity of AM-1221. However, despite this relatively high selectivity for CB2, its CB1 affinity is still too strong to make it useful as a truly selective CB2 agonist, so the related compound AM-1241 is generally preferred for research purposes.

In the United States, all CB1 receptor agonists of the 3-(1-naphthoyl)indole class such as AM-1221 are Schedule I Controlled Substances.

Nitro compound
In organic chemistry, nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups (−NO2). The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores (functional group that makes a compound explosive) used globally. The nitro group is also strongly electron-withdrawing. Because of this property, C−H bonds alpha (adjacent) to the nitro group can be acidic. For similar reasons, the presence of nitro groups in aromatic compounds retards electrophilic aromatic substitution but facilitates nucleophilic aromatic substitution.  Nitro groups are rarely found in nature. They are almost invariably produced by nitration reactions starting with nitric acid.
NEP Group
NEP Group, Inc. also known as NEP Supershooters LP (formerly NEP Broadcasting LLC) is a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania based and privately owned international production company that provides outsourced teleproduction services for major events throughout the world.

Its facilities are used to produce television broadcasts of the Indian Premier League, Cricket World Cup, Super Bowl, Academy Awards, Premier League, Eurovision Song Contest, Emmy Awards, The Daily Show, UEFA Champions League, Olympic Games, NASCAR, Asian Games, WWE Wrestling, FIFA World Cup, Wimbledon and French Open, Grammy Awards, U.S. Open, British Open, The People's Court, Sesame Street, The Rolling Stones, Page Six TV and Love Island (franchise).

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Hachinohe Rinkai Railway Line
The Hachinohe Rinkai Railway Line (八戸臨海鉄道線, Hachinohe Rinkai Tetsudō-sen) is a Japanese freight-only industrial railway line between Hachinohe Freight Terminal and Kitanuma Station, all within Hachinohe, Aomori.

Industrial railway
An industrial railway is a type of railway (usually private) that is not available for public transportation and is used exclusively to serve a particular industrial, logistics, or military site.  In regions of the world influenced by British railway culture and management practices, they are often referred to as tramways (which are distinct from trams or streetcars, a passenger technology).  Industrial railways may connect the site to public freight networks through sidings, or may be isolated (sometimes very far away from public rail or surface roads) or located entirely within a served property.