hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erroneous reporting on the 2008 Mumbai attacks
During and immediately after the 2008 Mumbai attacks the news media worldwide broadcast incorrect factual information on a scale often seen in a fog of war. Erroneous reporting on the 2008 Mumbai attacks included false information concerning the number of attackers, their nationality, their organizational affiliations, origins, and the methods of transport they had used. Theories and speculations were openly aired by various commentators that were later proved to be wrong. Many such speculations, such as the involvement in the attacks of the "Deccan Mujahideen", were widely reported by media worldwide. Various news outlets carried opinion pieces and unattributed theories about the origins of the attackers which were unfounded.

Fog of war
The fog of war is the uncertainty in situational awareness experienced by participants in  military operations. The term seeks to capture the uncertainty regarding one's own capability, adversary capability, and adversary intent during an engagement, operation, or campaign. Military forces try to reduce the fog of war through military intelligence and friendly force tracking systems.

The term has become commonly used to define uncertainty mechanics in wargames.
Aviaport
Aviaport (Russian: Авиапорт) is the name of several rural localities in the Sakha Republic, Russia:

Aviaport, Kobyaysky District, Sakha Republic, a selo under the administrative jurisdiction of the Settlement of Sangar in Kobyaysky District

Aviaport, Olyokminsky District, Sakha Republic, a selo under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Olyokminsk in Olyokminsky District

Aviaport, Olyokminsky District, Sakha Republic
Aviaport (Russian: Авиапорт) is a rural locality (a selo), one of five settlements, in addition to Olyokminsk, the administrative centre of the settlement, Zaton LORPa, Neftebaza and Selivanovo in the Town of Olyokminsk of Olyokminsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) from Olyokminsk. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 480.
Liza Mihinui
Liza Mihinui (born 20 November 1960) is a former New Zealand rugby union player. She played for the Black Ferns on 29 August 1994 against a New South Wales side at Richmond.

Mihinui is the mother of another Black Fern, Huriana Manuel. They were the first mother and daughter Black Ferns after Manuel's debut in 2005.

New Zealand women's national rugby union team
The New Zealand women's rugby union team, called the Black Ferns (Māori: Rarauhe Pango [ɾaɾaʉhɛ paŋɔ]), represents New Zealand (excluding Hawke's Bay and North Harbour provinces) in women's international rugby union, which is the country's national sport. The team has won six out of ten Women's Rugby World Cup tournaments.

They have an 82 percent winning record in Test Match rugby, (updated 27 September 2025). Since their official international debut in 1991, the Black Ferns have lost to only five of the sixteen nations they have played against — Canada, England, France, Ireland and the United States. The team performs a haka before every match; this is a Māori challenge or posture dance. Traditionally the Black Ferns use the haka Ko Uhia Mai.
2024 Wimbledon Championships – Wheelchair quad doubles
Two-time defending champions Sam Schröder and Niels Vink defeated Andy Lapthorne and Guy Sasson in the final, 3–6, 7–6(7–3), 6–3 to win the quad doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2024 Wimbledon Championships.

Niels Vink
Niels Vink (born 6 December 2002) is a Dutch wheelchair tennis player. He has won eight major singles titles, as well as a gold medal at the 2024 Paris Paralympics to complete the career Golden Slam. Vink has also won eleven major doubles titles, nine partnering Sam Schröder and two with Guy Sasson, as well as two Paralympic gold medals to complete the double career Golden Slam.
St James' Church, Cooling
St James' Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Cooling, Kent, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.  The church stands in the Hoo peninsula, 6 miles (10 km) north of Rochester, with only marshland to the north between it and the River Thames.

Cooling, Kent
Cooling is a village and civil parish on the Hoo Peninsula, overlooking the North Kent Marshes, 6 miles north northwest of Rochester, England.  According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 209, which increased to 216 at the 2011 Census.

Cooling was recorded in the Domesday Book when it was held by Bishop Odo of Bayeux (half-brother of William the Conqueror). The most notable surviving feature of the village is Cooling Castle, built on the edge of the marshes during the 12th century to defend the neighbouring port of Cliffe from the threat of French raiders.
1990 The Winston
The 1990 edition of The Winston was a stock car racing competition that took place on May 20, 1990. Held at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina, the 70-lap race was an exhibition race in the 1990 NASCAR Winston Cup Series. Dale Earnhardt of Richard Childress Racing won the pole and led all 70 laps to win the race and collect a total purse of US$325,000. He also became the first two-time winner of The Winston.

Unlike the previous two events, which ran for 135 laps and three segments each, this race used a 70-lap, two-segment format.

Morgan Shepherd
Clay Morgan Shepherd (born October 12, 1941) is an American former professional stock car racing driver and team owner. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 89 Chevrolet Camaro for Shepherd Racing Ventures. He is a born again Christian who serves as a lay minister to the racing community. He competed in NASCAR for over 50 years, having one of the longest careers in the sport.

Shepherd became the second-oldest race winner (after Harry Gant) in 1993, when he won the spring race at Atlanta at the age of 51 years, four months, and 27 days. He holds the record for oldest driver to start a race in NASCAR's top three series at age 77, as well as oldest starter in the NASCAR Cup Series race at the 2014 Camping World RV Sales 301 at age 72.
Esmé Louise James
Dr. Esmé Louise James  (born 6 January 1997) is a British-born Australian sex historian, author, journalist, and TikTok user known for Kinky History, an online educational video and podcast series about the history of human sexuality, as well as a non-fiction book of the same name, released in Australia and New Zealand in October 2023. The World English-language rights were sold to TarcherPerigee and published in the US in June 2024.

James has written for outlets including Archer, The Sydney Morning Herald, and The Conversation, being nominated for a Walkley Award for her work with the latter. James is based in Melbourne, Australia.

Monash University, Clayton campus
37°54′36″S 145°08′02″E﻿ / ﻿37.910°S 145.134°E﻿ / -37.910; 145.134

Monash University, Clayton campus is the main campus of Monash University located in Clayton, which is a suburb of Melbourne, Australia, in the state of  Victoria.

The campus covers an area of over 1.1 km2 and is the largest of the Monash University campuses, both in terms of size and student population. As of 2017, the Clayton Campus had over 41,000 students.

The campus has its own suburb and is one of the few university campuses in Australia to have its own postcode (3800), and shares the telephone number extension of 990 with the other city campuses of the university. The Campus features a wide range of native Australian flora and fauna, including over 2000 different kinds of plant life.
The Land of Feast or Famine
The Land of Feast or Famine was the title of several books about Canada's north:

The Land of Feast or Famine (Hornby), the name of a 36-page manuscript John Hornby left when he starved to death in 1927

The Land of Feast or Famine (Ingstad), Helge Ingstad published a book by this title in 1931

The Land of Feast or Famine (Robinson), Norman Lubbock Robinson, a good friend of Hornby, published his own book, by this name, which he dedicated to Hornby

Norman Lubbock Robinson
Norman Lubbock Robinson (1890-1951) was a photographer, born in Ireland, known for taking historic photographs of Canada's north.  The Northwest Territories Archives contains 709 historic photographs he took.
Antiprism
In geometry, an n-gonal antiprism or n-antiprism is a polyhedron composed of two parallel direct copies (not mirror images) of an n-sided polygon, connected by an alternating band of 2n triangles. They are represented by the Conway notation An.

Antiprisms are a subclass of prismatoids, and are a (degenerate) type of snub polyhedron.

Antiprisms are similar to prisms, except that the bases are twisted relatively to each other, and that the side faces (connecting the bases) are 2n triangles, rather than n quadrilaterals.

The dual polyhedron of an n-gonal antiprism is an n-gonal trapezohedron.

Quadrilateral
In  geometry  a quadrilateral is a four-sided polygon, having four edges (sides) and four corners (vertices). The word is derived from the Latin words quadri, a variant of four, and latus, meaning "side". It is also called a tetragon, derived from Greek "tetra" meaning "four" and "gon" meaning "corner" or "angle", in analogy to other polygons (e.g. pentagon). Since "gon" means "angle", it is analogously called a quadrangle, or 4-angle. A quadrilateral with vertices , ,  and  is sometimes denoted as .

Quadrilaterals are either simple (not self-intersecting), or complex (self-intersecting, or crossed). Simple quadrilaterals are either convex or concave.

The interior angles of a simple (and planar) quadrilateral ABCD add up to 360 degrees, that is

This is a special case of the n-gon interior angle sum formula: S = (n − 2) × 180° (here, n=4).

All non-self-crossing quadrilaterals tile the plane, by repeated rotation around the midpoints of their edges.
Marcusenius furcidens
Ivory Coast mormyrid (Marcusenius furcidens) is a species of electric fish in the family Mormyridae, found in the Como, Bandama, Sassandra, Bia and Tano rivers. It is native to the Ivory Coast and Ghana; it can reach a size of approximately 286 mm (11.3 in).

Regarding its conservation status, according to the IUCN, this species was previously classified as "Near Threatened (NT)", but this was reduced to "Least Concern (LC)" in 2020.

Bandama River
The Bandama River is the longest river in Ivory Coast with a length of some 800 kilometers. The south-flowing river is fed by the Marahoué, Solomougou, Kan and Nzi rivers and empties into the Tagba Lagoon and the Gulf of Guinea.

The Bandama flows through Lake Kossou, a large artificial lake created in 1973 by the construction of the Kossou Dam at Kossou.

Yamoussoukro, the capital of Ivory Coast, is located adjacent to the Bandama River.

The Rallye Côte d'Ivoire is often hosted around the Bandama.
Skipping rope
A skipping rope (or jump rope) is equipment used in sport and play that involves rhythmically jumping over a rope swung underfoot and overhead. The activity is practiced recreationally and competitively, with disciplines such as freestyle routines (featuring creative, combination techniques) and speed events (maximum jumps within timed intervals).

Accounts from the 16th century describe vine-jumping among Indigenous peoples, and by the 17th century, rope skipping had spread in Europe. Once treated as a gendered pastime, it became widely popular; in the 19th century it flourished in urban settings and children's street culture. Today the sport is overseen internationally by organizations such as the International Jump Rope Union (IJRU). Skipping rope is often used for cardiovascular fitness and coordination.

Rope
A rope is a group of yarns, plies, fibres, or strands that are twisted or braided together into a larger and stronger form. Ropes have high tensile strength and can be used for dragging and lifting. Rope is thicker and stronger than similarly constructed cord, string, and twine.
Lower Providence Township, Pennsylvania
Lower Providence Township is a township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. The township is located approximately 17 miles northwest of Philadelphia. The population was 25,625 at the 2020 census.

SEPTA Suburban Division bus routes
The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority operates or contracts operations of these routes serving points in Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery counties, with a few routes operating into the city of Philadelphia. The Suburban Transit Division is broken down into three districts: Victory (Formerly: Red Arrow Division), Frontier, and Contract Operations.
Paweł Urban
Paweł Urban (also spelled as Pawel L. Urban (Chinese name: 鄂本帕偉)) is a chemist and is a professor of Chemistry in the National Tsing Hua University (Hsinchu, Taiwan). He received his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of York (United Kingdom). Urban's research interests include mass spectrometry and biochemical analysis.

National Tsing Hua University
National Tsing Hua University (NTHU) is a national public research university in Hsinchu, Taiwan. Founded in Peking in 1911, it was re-established in Taiwan in 1956 following the Chinese Civil War.

The university is organized into twelve colleges, 26 departments, and 31 research institutes which collectively enroll more than 9,000 undergraduates and 9,000 graduate students. Its suburban campus neighbors the Hsinchu Science Park, a leading technology hub. As a member of the University System of Taiwan, it is affiliated with National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, National Central University and National Chengchi University.

The university's alumni include Nobel Prize laureates Yang Chen-Ning, Tsung-Dao Lee, and Yuan T. Lee.
Mike Berry (singer)
Michael Hubert Bourne (24 September 1942 – 11 April 2025), known professionally as Mike Berry, was an English singer and actor, known for the top ten hits  "Don't You Think It's Time" (1963) and "The Sunshine of Your Smile" (1980) and for portraying Mr. Spooner in Are You Being Served?

The Crickets
The Crickets were an American rock and roll band from Lubbock, Texas, formed by singer-songwriter Buddy Holly in January 1957. Their first hit record, "That'll Be the Day", released in May 1957, peaked at number three on the Billboard Top 100 chart on September 16, 1957. The sleeve of their first album, The "Chirping" Crickets, shows the band line-up at the time: Holly on lead vocals and lead guitar, Niki Sullivan on rhythm guitar, Jerry Allison on drums, and Joe B. Mauldin on bass. The Crickets helped set the template for subsequent rock bands, such as the Beatles, with their guitar-bass-drums line-up, performing their own material. After Holly's death in 1959, the band continued to tour and record into the 1960s and beyond with other band members through to the 21st century.
Holiday (2018 film)
Holiday is a 2018 internationally co-produced drama film directed by Isabella Eklöf and produced by David B. Sørensen. It was screened in the World Cinema Dramatic Competition section at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival. The film won four Bodil Awards, including Best Danish Film.

Bodil Awards
The Bodil Awards are the major Danish film awards given by the Danish Film Critics Association. The awards are presented annually at a ceremony in Copenhagen. Established in 1948, it is the oldest film award in Denmark and one of the oldest film awards in Europe. The awards are given without regard to commercial interests or box-office sales, but rather to highlight the films or actors that the critics regard as most worthy.

The name of the award honours two of the most important figures in Danish cinema, actress Bodil Kjer and groundbreaking director Bodil Ipsen. The statuette is made of porcelain, and was designed by Danish artist Ebbe Sadolin and sculpted by Svend Jespersen of Bing & Grøndahl.
Neopterygii
Neopterygii (from Ancient Greek νέος (néos), meaning "new", and πτέρυξ (ptérux), meaning "wing, fin") is a subclass of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii). Neopterygii includes the Holostei and the Teleostei, of which the latter comprise the vast majority of extant fishes, and over half of all living vertebrate species. While living holosteans include only freshwater taxa, teleosts are diverse in both freshwater and marine environments. Many new species of teleosts are scientifically described each year.

The potentially oldest known neopterygian is the putative "semionotiform" Acentrophorus varians from the Middle Permian of Russia; however, one study incorporating morphological data from fossils and molecular data from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, places this divergence date at least 284 mya (million years ago), during the Artinskian stage of the Early Permian. Another study suggests an even earlier split (360 myr ago, near the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary).

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
USS Westchester County
USS Westchester County (LST-1167) was a Terrebonne Parish-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy at the tail end of the Korean War. Named for Westchester County, New York, she was the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name. The ship served in the Vietnam War and was damaged by limpet mines set by Viet Cong frogmen. It was repaired and later sold to the Turkish Navy and finally sunk as a target in 2014.

Numazu
Numazu (沼津市, Numazu-shi) is a city located in eastern Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2019, the city had an estimated population of 189,486 in 91,986 households, and a population density of 1,014 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 186.96 square kilometres (72.19 sq mi).
Egyptian Medical Syndicate
The Egyptian Medical Syndicate is a medical association with more than 230,000 registered members. About 65% of the members work outside Egypt.  It was founded in 1940 and is a semi-governmental organization existing primarily to help the Ministry of Health in conferring licenses to physicians. The 24-seat council is elected at the national level.  The Doctors Without Rights Movement, founded in 2007, gained a majority on the council. Many of its members had an important role in the establishment of the field hospital in Tahrir Square during the early days of the 2011 protests in Egypt and it was the main opponent of the Muslim Brotherhood within the syndicate.

Ehab el-Taher is the secretary-general.

Medical association
A medical association is a trade association that brings together practitioners of a particular geographical area (a country, region, province). In common-law countries, they are often grouped by medical specialties (cardiologists, surgeons, family doctors, etc.).

Medical associations act as a safeguard of the fundamental values of the medical profession: the deontological ethics and code of ethics. In addition to providing exclusive representation in national and international medical practitioners, a medical college is responsible for management and protection of the medical profession.

In most countries, licensing is usually required. A professional or college official is a public corporation of an industry association composed of persons exercising liberal professions and calls are usually covered by the state. Associate members are also known as colleges.
Johannes Eriksen
Johannes Thorvald Eriksen (12 June 1889 – 25 June 1963) was a Danish wrestler who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics, in the 1912 Summer Olympics, and in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was born and died in Frederiksberg.

In 1908, he was eliminated in the quarter-finals of the Greco-Roman middleweight competition.

Four years later, he was eliminated in the fifth round of the Greco-Roman light-heavyweight class after losing his fight to August Rajala.

At the 1920 Games, he won the bronze medal in the Greco-Roman light-heavyweight competition.

Amateur wrestling
Amateur wrestling is a variant of wrestling practiced at Olympic, collegiate, scholastic, and other levels. There are two international wrestling styles performed at the Olympic Games, freestyle and Greco-Roman, both of which are governed by the United World Wrestling (UWW).

At the middle school and high school levels in the United States, wrestlers compete in scholastic wrestling. In collegiate wrestling, there are minor differences in some scholastic wrestling rules.

The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts (MMA) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness within the sport and its consideration as a core discipline.
Monarchy of Trinidad and Tobago
For calypso monarchs of Trinidad and Tobago see Calypso Monarch.

For the titular queen of the indigenous people of Trinidad and Tobago, see Carib Queen

For the history of Trinidad and Tobago before it became a republic, see History of Trinidad and Tobago and Queen of Trinidad and Tobago.

Calypso Monarch
The Calypso Monarch (originally Calypso King) contest is one of the two major annual calypso competitions held in Trinidad and all English speaking Caribbean islands, as part of the annual carnival celebrations.
Mike Mosley
Mike Mosley (December 13, 1946 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma – March 3, 1984 in Aguanga, California) was an American race car driver in the USAC and CART Championship Car series. He raced in 17 consecutive seasons from 1967 through 1983, with 166 combined career starts, including every Indianapolis 500 in that span except 1967 and 1982. He finished in the top-ten 80 times and had five career victories.

Champ Car World Series
Champ Car World Series (CCWS) was an American open-wheel car racing series sanctioned by Open-Wheel Racing Series Inc., a sanctioning body that operated from 2004 to 2008. It was the successor to Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART), which sanctioned open-wheel racing from 1979 until dissolving after the 2003 season.
Dorsa Cato
Dorsa Cato is a wrinkle ridge at 1°00′N 47°00′E﻿ / ﻿1.0°N 47.0°E﻿ / 1.0; 47.0 on the Moon. It is approximately 130 km long and was named after the ancient Roman senator and historian Cato the Elder in 1976 by the IAU.

The dorsa are located north of the prominent Messier crater in Mare Fecunditatis.

Mare Fecunditatis
Mare Fecunditatis /fɪˌkʌndɪˈteɪtɪs/ (Latin fēcunditātis, the 'Sea of Fecundity' or 'Sea of Fertility') is a lunar mare in the eastern half of the visible Moon. The mare has a maximum diameter of 840 km.
Autopista San Antonio-Santiago
Autopista San Antonio-Santiago (formerly known as Autopista del Sol) is a toll highway that runs from Santiago, Santiago Metropolitan Region to San Antonio, Valparaíso Region, in central Chile. Its total length in Santiago Metropolitan Region is 85 km (53 mi).

Santiago Metropolitan Region
Santiago Metropolitan Region (Spanish: Región Metropolitana de Santiago) is one of Chile's 16 first-order administrative divisions. It is the country's only landlocked administrative region and contains the nation's capital, Santiago. Most commercial and administrative centers are located in the region, including Chile's main international airport, Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport.

With an area of 15,403.2 km2 (5,947 sq mi) and population over seven million, it is Chile's most populated and most densely populated region. It is also the most developed subdivision in all of South America with a very high HDI of 0.908.
La Terrasse-sur-Dorlay
La Terrasse-sur-Dorlay (French pronunciation: [la tɛʁas syʁ dɔʁlɛ]) is a commune in the Loire department in central France.

La Terrasse-sur-Dorlay takes its name from the Dorlay river, a tributary of the Gier, which flows through the commune.

Loire (department)
Loire (/lwɑːr/; French pronunciation: [lwaʁ]; Arpitan: Lêre; Occitan: Léger or Leir) is a landlocked department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France occupying the river Loire's upper reaches. Its prefecture is Saint-Étienne. It had a population of 765,634 in 2019.