hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pertusaria albineoides
Pertusaria albineoides is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Pertusariaceae. Found on the Galápagos Islands, it was formally described as a new species in 2015 by Frank Bungartz, A.W.Archer, Alba Yánez-Ayabaca, and John Elix. The type specimen was collected on Alcedo Volcano (Isabela Island) at an altitude of 1,089 m (3,573 ft), where it was found growing on a partially shaded, rain- and wind-exposed trunk of Scalesia microcephala. The species epithet refers to the similarity to the species Pertusaria albinea, from which it differs by having thin-walled ellipsoid-shaped ascospores that are longer and narrower.

Alcedo Volcano
Alcedo Volcano is one of the six coalescing shield volcanoes that make up Isabela Island in the Galapagos.  The remote location of the volcano has meant that even the most recent eruption in 1993 was not recorded until two years later. It is also the only volcano in the Galapagos to have erupted rhyolite and basaltic lava.

The volcano has the largest number of wild tortoises of any of the volcanoes in the Galapagos, though their genetic diversity is amongst the lowest of any of the breeds in the archipelago.  The habitat of the tortoises was threatened when feral goats crossed from southern Isabela Island in the 1970s and then reproduced rapidly.
Kluski, Wieruszów County
Kluski [ˈkluski] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lututów, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Lututów, 27 km (17 mi) north-east of Wieruszów, and 80 km (50 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieruszów County
Wieruszów County (Polish: powiat wieruszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieruszów, which lies 106 kilometres (66 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 576.22 square kilometres (222.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 42,336, out of which the population of Wieruszów is 8,759 and the rural population is 33,577.
Henrik Jakob von Düben
Henrik Jakob von Düben (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈhɛ̌nːrɪk fɔn dy:ʹbən]; May 1733 – March 25, 1805) was a Swedish diplomat, Master of Ceremonies and Hofmarschall. Notably, he served as an envoy to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1767, during which time he headed the Embassy of Sweden in Warsaw until 1769 and also held the role of Minister Plenipotentiary in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Master of Ceremonies (Sweden)
Master of Ceremonies (Swedish: Ceremonimästare) or more properly Grand Master of the Ceremonies (Swedish: Överceremonimästare), in Sweden are three chief administrators charged with ceremonial matters relating to the Royal Court of Sweden.
2016 WTA Shenzhen Open – Doubles
Lyudmyla Kichenok and Nadiia Kichenok were the defending champions, but chose to participate in Auckland instead.
Vania King and Monica Niculescu won the title, defeating Xu Yifan and Zheng Saisai in the final, 6–1, 6–4.

Zheng Saisai
Zheng Saisai or Zheng Sai-Sai (Chinese: 郑赛赛; born 5 February 1994) is a Chinese tennis player. She has a best singles ranking of 34, achieved March 2020, and a career-high doubles ranking of No. world 15, achieved on 11 July 2016. In her career, she has won one singles title in 2019 (at the Premier event in Silicon Valley), and six doubles titles on the WTA Tour. She also reached the final of the 2019 French Open in doubles with compatriot Duan Yingying.

In addition, she won three singles and three doubles titles at WTA 125 tournaments, as well as twelve singles and nine doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Playing for China Fed Cup team, Zheng has a win–loss record of 11–7 as of September 2024.
Jaime Woo
Jaime Woo is a Canadian writer and game developer. He is best known for his 2013 book Meet Grindr: How One App Changed the Way We Connect, an exploration of the impact of Grindr on social interaction in the gay male community which was a shortlisted nominee for the Lambda Literary Award for non-fiction at the 26th Lambda Literary Awards.

Woo was a cofounder of the Toronto-area video game convention Gamercamp, created the For All Gamers Sake archive of LGBT-themed indie video games, and was a speaker at the 2014 edition of GaymerX.

He has also contributed to publications including Hazlitt, the Financial Post, The Globe and Mail, The Daily Dot, Huffington Post and The Grid.

The Grid (newspaper)
The Grid was a weekly newspaper in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, published from 2011 to 2014. The paper was launched on May 12, 2011, after owner Torstar discontinued publication of its previous title Eye Weekly.

According to editor Laas Turnbull, the publication's strategy was to be a "younger, hipper, more provocative version of Toronto Life in a weekly guise". Print circulation was as high as 70,000 per week, while website hits averaged 400,000 unique visitors per month.

Contributors to the new publication included several former Eye Weekly writers. As of July 2014 there were 22 staff, of whom 12 worked in editorial capacities.

On July 2, 2014, Torstar announced that The Grid would be discontinued as of July 3, due to insufficient revenues. 162 issues were printed in all.
Hugh Blair
Hugh Blair FRSE (7 April 1718 – 27 December 1800) was a Scottish minister of religion, author and rhetorician, considered one of the first great theorists of written discourse.

As a minister of the Church of Scotland, and occupant of the Chair of Rhetoric and Belles Lettres at the University of Edinburgh, Blair's teachings had a great impact in both the spiritual and the secular realms. Best known for Sermons, a five volume endorsement of practical Christian morality, and Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres, a prescriptive guide on composition, Blair was a valuable part of the Scottish Enlightenment.

Discourse
Discourse is a generalization of the notion of a conversation to any form of communication. Discourse is a major topic in social theory, with work spanning fields such as sociology, anthropology, continental philosophy, and discourse analysis. Following work by Michel Foucault, these fields view discourse as a system of thought, knowledge, or communication that constructs our world experience. Since control of discourse amounts to control of how the world is perceived, social theory often studies discourse as a window into power. Within theoretical linguistics, discourse is understood more narrowly as linguistic information exchange and was one of the major motivations for the framework of dynamic semantics. In these expressions, denotations are equated with their ability to update a discourse context.
Lil' Chris (album)
Lil' Chris is the debut self-titled album by British singer-songwriter Lil' Chris. The album was co-written by Lil' Chris and pop producer and songwriter Ray Hedges, alongside former member of Theaudience, Nigel Butler. Additional production also comes from Martin Brannigan (known for his work with Natalie Imbruglia). The album was originally due to be released on 9 October 2006, two few weeks after the single "Checkin' It Out" was released, but was delayed as the album was not complete, eventually being released on 4 December 2006.

East Point Academy
East Point Academy is an academy sponsored by the Inspiration Trust, located in the Kirkley district of Lowestoft, in the English county of Suffolk. It educates children from ages 11 to 16. In its latest Ofsted inspection in October 2016, the academy overall was rated as "Good". The school is also home to both the Lowestoft Railway and Lowestoft Ladies Hockey Clubs and the KITE Media Centre
Shankkar Aiyar
Shankkar Aiyar is an Indian political economy analyst, author, and columnist. He is currently a visiting fellow at the IDFC Institute where he focuses on economics and public policy. He has been the Wolfson Cheving Fellow at Cambridge University where he specialized in the lifecycles of emerging markets.

Aiyar's news articles in 1991, about the Indian government's pledging of its gold reserves internationally, and its subsequent plans to ship bullion outside the country, is believed to be one of the contributing factors to drawing international and Indian attention to India's impending Balance of Payments economic crisis, and subsequently accelerating efforts toward the 1991 Economic Liberalization of India.

Aiyar is a contributor to The New Indian Express, Firstpost, and BloombergQuint. He has been the recipient of the Observer Business Journalist of the year in 1992, and the Pole Star award for Best Feature in Business Journalism, in 2003.

Firstpost
Firstpost is an Indian news website owned by Network18 Group, which also runs CNN-News18 and CNBC TV18. It has posted misinformation on multiple occasions.

The Network 18 group was originally owned by Raghav Bahl. In January 2012, the group received an investment from Mukesh Ambani's Reliance Industries through a rights issue of up to ₹27,000,000,000.
Sing (Sesame Street song)
"Sing" is a 1971 song written by Joe Raposo for the children's television show Sesame Street as its signature song. In 1973, it gained popularity when performed by the Carpenters, a number 3 hit on the Billboard Hot 100.

Raposo was a staff songwriter for Sesame Street, and the song became one of the most popular on the program, sung in English, Spanish and sign language. In its initial appearance, it was sung by the show's adult human cast members and the Muppets, including Big Bird.

Barbra Streisand's 1972 version of the song was released as a single, reaching number 28 on the Easy Listening chart.

Joe Osborn
Joe Osborn (August 28, 1937 – December 14, 2018) was an American bass guitar player known for his work as a session musician in Los Angeles with the Wrecking Crew, and in Nashville with the A-Team of studio musicians. He is one of the most recorded bassists of all time.
Clines
Clines is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gene Clines (1946–2022), American baseball player and coach

Hoyt Franklin Clines (1956–1994), American murderer

Mike Clines (fl 2022), American politician

Peter Clines (born 1969), American author and novelist

Thomas G. Clines (1928–2013), American spy

Mike Clines
Michael T. Clines (born August 4, 1968) is an American politician and Republican member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from Kentucky's 68th House district. His district includes parts of Campbell County.
Charlotte Plaza
Charlotte Plaza is a 388 feet (118 m) tall skyscraper in Charlotte, North Carolina. It was built in 1982 and has 27 floors. It is the 20th-tallest building in the city. The Class A office building is owned by Rabina Properties, LLC. The ground and second floor are part of the Overstreet Mall, which connects to the neighboring BB&T Center via skybridge.

Amerant Bank Arena
Amerant Bank Arena is an indoor arena in Sunrise, Florida, United States. It is the home venue for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League. It was completed in 1998, at a cost of US$185 million, almost entirely publicly financed, and features 70 suites and 2,623 club seats.
Morristown (hamlet), New York
Morristown is a hamlet and former village along the Saint Lawrence River in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 395 at the 2010 census. The village is named after Gouverneur Morris.

The hamlet is on the northern edge of the Town of Morristown and was north of Gouverneur.

Jacques Cartier State Park is southwest of the village.

The former village has their own school, Morristown Central School.

Jacques Cartier State Park
Jacques Cartier State Park is a 461-acre (1.87 km2) state park located in the Town of Morristown in St. Lawrence County, New York.  The park is located on the south bank of the St. Lawrence River.

The park offers a beach, picnic tables, playground, hiking, fishing, a boat launch and docks. The park also features a campground with both tent and trailer sites, including bathroom facilities and showers. Cross-country skiing and ice-fishing is permitted during the winter, and seasonal waterfowl and deer hunting is allowed with permits.
Gaius Julius Silanus
Gaius Julius Silanus was a Roman senator and general who held a series of offices in the emperor's service. He was suffect consul for the nundinium of January to April 92 as the colleague of Quintus Junius Arulenus Rusticus. Silanus is known solely through inscriptions.

Ronald Syme speculates Silanus came from Tres Galliae, and adds that "the cognomen need have nothing to do with the aristocratic Junii Silani." He was co-opted into the Arval Brethren on 22 January 86 to replace the recently deceased Gaius Vipstanus Apronianus. While he was appointed magister in the year 87, he was absent from the records of the sodales for the rest of that year, and again from 89 to 91; Syme speculates Silanus was absent due to imperial appointment either to command a legion or to govern one of the eight imperial praetorian provinces.

Glossary of ancient Roman religion
The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized. Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans. This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Christian Church. This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.

For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities. For public religious holidays, see Roman festivals. For temples see the List of Ancient Roman temples. Individual landmarks of religious topography in ancient Rome are not included in this list; see Roman temple.
West Mamprusi Municipal Assembly
West Mamprusi Municipal Assembly is one of the six districts in North East Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988 when it was known as West Mamprusi District, which was created from the former Mamprusi District Council, until the western part of the district was split off on 28 June 2012 to create Mamprugu-Moagduri District; thus the remaining part has been retained as West Mamprusi District. However, on 15 March 2018, it was elevated to municipal district assembly status to become West Mamprusi Municipal District. The municipality is located in the western part of North East Region and has Walewale as its capital town. Other settlements within the municipal assembly include Wulugu.

Wulugu
Wulugu is a town in the North East Region of Ghana carved from the old Northern Region. Its capital is Nalerigu. It is connected by road to the capital of the Northern Region, Tamale and the capital of the Upper East Region, Bolgatanga.
Mohamed Aden Tiiceey
Mohamed Abdullahi Moalim Adan (Somali: Maxamed Cabdullaaahi Aadan), commonly known as Mohamed Adan Tiiceey (Somali: Maxamed Aadan Tiiceey), is a Somali politician, founder and former president of the autonomous state, Himan and Heeb.

Mohamed Abdi Hassan
Mohamed Abdi Hassan (Somali: Maxamed Cabdi Xasan, Arabic: محمد عبدي حسن), commonly known as Afweyne, is a convicted Somali pirate leader. He founded the Hobyo-Harardhere Piracy Network in 2005 and rapidly grew to become one of Somalia's preeminent pirates. In 2012 he began to leave the piracy "industry" and diversified his holdings into a multinational business empire. Hassan was arrested that year in Malaysia but was released as he had managed to obtain diplomatic immunity from Mogadishu. Finally, in 2013 Hassan was lured to Belgium and sentenced in 2016 to twenty years' imprisonment for his many crimes.
Jason Doherty
Jason Doherty  (born 21 November 1989) is a Gaelic footballer who plays for Burrishoole and, formerly, the Mayo county team. He started at centre forward in the 2012 All-Ireland Final which Mayo lost by 0-13 to 2-11 against Donegal.

He studied at NUI Galway and played for the university football team.

On 12 August 2023, Doherty announced his retirement from inter-county football after 12 years.

University of Galway
The University of Galway (Irish: Ollscoil na Gaillimhe) is a public research university located in the city of Galway, Ireland. The university was founded in 1845 as Queen's College, Galway. It was known as "University College, Galway" (UCG) (Irish: Coláiste na hOllscoile, Gaillimh) from 1908 to 1997 and as "National University of Ireland Galway" (NUI Galway) (Irish: Ollscoil na hÉireann Gaillimh; OÉ Gaillimh) from 1997 to 2022. In September 2022, it changed its name to "Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway". It is also a member of the Coimbra Group, a network of 42 long-established European universities.
2023 Liga 3 Papua
The 2023 Liga 3 Papua is the sixth edition organized by Asprov PSSI Papua.

This competition was attended by 10 teams from Central Papua Province, Papua Province, and Highland Papua Province. The winner of this competition will advance to the national phase.

Persipani is the defending champion after winning it in the 2022 season.

Mandala Stadium
Mandala Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia. Founded in 1950 as Dock V Field, It is currently used mostly for football matches. It is the home stadium of one of the biggest and successful Liga 1 Indonesia team, Persipura Jayapura. This stadium is often used in international match competitions, especially in the AFC Cup tournament in 2011, 2014, 2015. The stadium holds 30,000 people and is the largest stadium in eastern Indonesia until Lukas Enembe Stadium was opened in 2019. This stadium is located in the Dok V area, near the centre of Jayapura as well as the Humboldt Bay.
Disk encryption
Disk encryption is a technology which protects information by converting it into code that cannot be deciphered easily by unauthorized people or processes. Disk encryption uses disk encryption software or hardware to encrypt every bit of data that goes on a disk or disk volume. It is used to prevent unauthorized access to data storage.

The expression full disk encryption (FDE) (or whole disk encryption) signifies that everything on the disk is encrypted, but the master boot record (MBR), or similar area of a bootable disk, with code that starts the operating system loading sequence, is not encrypted. Some hardware-based full disk encryption systems can truly encrypt an entire boot disk, including the MBR.

Motherboard
A motherboard, also known as a mainboard, system board, logic board, and informally mobo (see "Nomenclature" section), is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems. It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals.

Unlike a backplane, a motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems, such as the CPU, the chipset's input/output and memory controllers, interface connectors, and other components integrated for general use.: 48
Madrasa of Abu al-Hasan
The Madrasa of Abu al-Hasan, also referred to as the Marinid Madrasa (of Salé), is a medieval madrasa located within the old city of Salé, Morocco. It was built in the 14th century by the Marinid sultan Abu al-Hasan next to the Grand Mosque of Salé and it is notable for its rich decoration.

Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Uthman
Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Uthman (c. 1297 – 24 May 1351), (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن عثمان) was a sultan of the Marinid dynasty who reigned in parts of what is now Morocco between 1331 and 1348. In 1333 he captured Gibraltar from the Castilians, although a later attempt to take Tarifa in 1339 ended in fiasco. In North Africa he extended his rule over Tlemcen and Hafsid Ifriqiya, which together covered the north of what is now Algeria and Tunisia. Under him the Marinid realms in the Maghreb briefly covered an area that rivalled that of the preceding Almohad Caliphate. However, he was forced to retreat due to a revolt of the Arab tribes, was shipwrecked, and lost many of his supporters. His son Abu Inan Faris seized power in Fez. Abu Al-Hasan died in exile in the High Atlas mountains.
1965–66 Irish Cup
The 1965–66 Irish Cup was the 86th edition of the Irish Cup, the premier knock-out cup competition in Northern Irish football. Glentoran won for the 8th time, defeating Linfield 1–0 in the final at the Oval. They eliminated defending champions Coleraine in the semi-finals.

The Oval (Belfast)
The Oval (currently known as The BetMcLean Oval for sponsorship reasons) is a football stadium in Belfast, Northern Ireland, which has been home to Glentoran F.C. since 1892.

In 1941, the stadium was severely damaged by aerial bombing during the Belfast blitz of World War II and was unusable until 1949. A new main stand was constructed in 1953. The stadium was refurbished with a new stand built in 2000, but requires consistent maintenance to fulfill health and safety requirements and its total capacity is currently restricted to 6,050. The Oval has occasionally hosted the final of the Irish Cup as well as hosting the final of the County Antrim Shield and the Setanta Cup.

As of August 2021, the Oval has been sponsored by bookmakers A. McLeans in a five-year, £250,000 deal, with the name of the Oval becoming the BetMcLean Oval.
Overconstrained mechanism
In mechanical engineering, an overconstrained mechanism is a linkage that has more degrees of freedom than is predicted by the mobility formula. The mobility formula evaluates the degree of freedom of a system of rigid bodies that results when constraints are imposed in the form of joints between the links.

If the links of the system move in three-dimensional space, then the mobility formula is

where N is the number of links in the system, j is the number of joints, and fi  is the degree of freedom of the ith joint.

If the links in the system move planes parallel to a fixed plane, or in concentric spheres about a fixed point, then the mobility formula is

If a system of links and joints has mobility M = 0 or less, yet still moves, then it is called an overconstrained mechanism.

Concentric spheres
The cosmological model of concentric (or homocentric) spheres, developed by Eudoxus, Callippus, and Aristotle, employed celestial spheres all centered on the Earth. In this respect, it differed from the epicyclic and eccentric models with multiple centers, which were used by Ptolemy and other mathematical astronomers until the time of Copernicus.
Miguel Murillo (judoka)
Miguel Murillo (born September 29, 1993) is a Costa Rican judoka. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's 73 kg event, in which he was eliminated in the second round by Japan's Shohei Ono.

Judo at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 73 kg
The men's 73 kg competition in judo at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro was held on 8 August at the Carioca Arena 2.

The gold and silver medals were determined by a single-elimination tournament, with the winner of the final taking gold and the loser receiving silver.  Judo events awarded two bronze medals.  Quarterfinal losers competed in a repechage match for the right to face a semifinal loser for a bronze medal (that is, the judokas defeated in quarterfinals A and B competed against each other, with the winner of that match facing the semifinal loser from the other half of the bracket).

The medals for the competition were presented by Alex Gilady, Israel, member of the International Olympic Committee and the gifts were presented by Haruki Uemura, International Judo Federation executive committee member.