hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
31st Troop Carrier Squadron
The 31st Troop Carrier Squadron is a disbanded United States Air Force unit. It was established in January 1942 as the 31st Transport Squadron  and served as a training unit for I Troop Carrier Command until disbanding in a general reorganization of Army Air Forces training units in 1944.

I Troop Carrier Command
The I Troop Carrier Command is a disbanded United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with Continental Air Forces, at Stout Field, Indiana, where it was disbanded in November 1945, and its resources transferred to IX Troop Carrier Command.

The command trained units aircrews for the theater airlift mission.  It also trained aeromedical evacuation units and airlift units supporting special forces  It was assigned directly to Army Air Forces (AAF) headquarters for the majority of the war, and was reassigned to Continental Air Forces in the spring of 1945.  The command coordinated its activity with the Army Air Forces Training Command, from which it drew its crews.  It conducted operational training, shifting to replacement training later in the war The troop carrier units and crews it produced served in all overseas combat theaters.
2007 Cricket World Cup Group A
The 2007 Cricket World Cup, which took place in the West Indies from 13 March to 28 April 2007, featured 16 teams, who were divided into four groups. Group A was made up of full ICC members Australia and South Africa, and associate members Netherlands and Scotland. Australia and South Africa each qualified for the Super Eights by winning their first two matches, which meant their final game against each other would decide who finished top of the group; Australia won by 83 runs to claim top spot. Meanwhile, Scotland and the Netherlands played off in their final match to determine which team finished bottom; the Netherlands won by 8 wickets and finished third.

Daan van Bunge
Daan Lodewijk Samuel van Bunge (born 19 October 1982) is a Dutch former cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and a right-arm leg break bowler.

He is the currently Director of Cricket at Haileybury in the UK. He also works as a PE teacher at a school in The Hague, Netherlands.
Eugène Maizan
Eugène Maizan (28 September 1816 in Montauban – July 1845) was a French Naval lieutenant and explorer, possibly the first European to penetrate East Africa and the first to enter tropical Africa from Zanzibar. In 1844-1845 Maizan reached as far as the district of Dege la Mhora, on the Uzaramo plateau about 80-150 kilometers from the coast, where he was seized by Zaramo tribesmen under Hembé, the son of Chief Mazungera, and bound to a calabash tree before being tortured, mutilated and murdered. Hembé amputated Maizan's limbs and sliced off his genitals while still alive before beheading him. Hembé later claimed to be acting on the orders of Arab ivory traders.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Shahanshahi calendar
The Shahanshahi calendar (Persian: گاه‌شماری شاهنشاهی, romanized: Gāhshomāri-ye Shāhanshāhi, lit. 'Imperial Calendar') was the official calendar of Pahlavi Iran from 1976 to 1978. It was declared as the official calendar of Iran on March 14, 1976, following a joint session of the National Consultative Assembly and the Senate. Prior to this, the Solar Hijri calendar was used as the official calendar of the country. This legislation changed the epoch of the solar calendar from the Hijrah to the coronation of Cyrus the Great. According to this calendar, the year 1 of the Shahanshahi era corresponds to 559 BCE, and the year 2500 of the Shahanshahi era coincides with 1942 CE.

Calendar
A calendar is a system of organizing days. This is done by giving names to periods of time, typically days, weeks, months and years. A date is the designation of a single and specific day within such a system. A calendar is also a physical record (often paper) of such a system. A calendar can also mean a list of planned events, such as a court calendar, or a partly or fully chronological list of documents, such as a calendar of wills.

Periods in a calendar (such as years and months) are usually, though not necessarily, synchronized with the cycle of the sun or the moon. The most common type of pre-modern calendar was the lunisolar calendar, a lunar calendar that occasionally adds one intercalary month to remain synchronized with the solar year over the long term.
The Singing Cave (Leighton novel)
The Singing Cave is a children's novel by Margaret Carver Leighton and illustrated by Manning de V. Lee. It was published in 1945 by Houghton Mifflin. It first appeared as a serial in the Christian Science Monitor in summer 1944.

Serial (literature)
In literature, a serial is a printing or publishing format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction, is published in smaller, sequential installments. The installments are also known as numbers, parts, fascicules or fascicles, and may be released either as separate publications or within sequential issues of a periodical publication, such as a magazine or newspaper.

Serialisation can also begin with a single short story that is subsequently turned into a series.  Historically, such series have been published in periodicals. Popular short-story series are often published together in book form as collections.
Nandito Ako (album)
Nandito Ako (lit. I Am Here) is the fifth studio album by Mexican singer Thalía, released on 28 January 1997, by EMI Latin and OctoArts EMI. The album was released exclusively in the Philippines, where she gained a following after the success of the soap opera Marimar in the country.

The title track in the album was originally performed by Ogie Alcasid. Nandito Ako was a success in the Philippines and received three times platinum award there, making it one of the best-selling albums in the Philippines.

Ten years later, it was re-released in the Philippines with the inclusion of one of her signature songs "Marimar".

Ogie Alcasid
Herminio Jose Lualhati "Ogie" Alcasid Jr. (born August 27, 1967) is a Filipino actor, singer, songwriter, comedian, director and producer. He is best known for his songwriting and collaboration with other musical artists. He has appeared in films and television shows, notably as a cast member of Tropang Trumpo (1994–1995) and Bubble Gang (1995–2013) and a host and main performer of SOP (1997–2010) and  ASAP (2017–present). He is currently married to Regine Velasquez, with whom he has one child.
Gilford (surname)
Gilford is a surname of English origin, derived from Guildford, in Surrey.

The name was first recorded as "Gyldeford" in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, circa 800 AD, "Guldeford" in the Domesday Book of 1086, and "Geldeford" in the Pipe rolls between 1130 and 1156. The place name means "the ford where golden flowers grow", from the old English elements "gylde", which is a derivative of "gold", and "ford".

Notable people with the surname include:

Darren Gilford (born 1982), Maltese sprinter

David Gilford (born 1965), English golfer

Dorothy M. Gilford, American statistician

Gwynne Gilford (born 1946), American actress

Hastings Gilford (1861–1941), English surgeon

Jack Gilford (1908–1990), American actor

Madeline Lee Gilford (1923–2008), American actress

Yvonne Gilford (c.1941–1996), Australian nurse murdered in Saudi Arabia

Zach Gilford (born 1982), American actor

Zach Gilford
Zachary Michael Gilford (born January 14, 1982) is an American actor, best known for his role as Matt Saracen on the NBC sports drama series Friday Night Lights. In 2021, he starred in the Netflix horror limited series Midnight Mass. In 2022, he appeared in the horror mystery-thriller series The Midnight Club, and in 2023, he had a main role in the horror drama miniseries The Fall of the House of Usher.
BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI–VIII
The BL 8-inch howitzer Marks VI, VII and VIII (6, 7 and 8) were a series of British artillery siege howitzers on mobile carriages of a new design introduced in World War I. They were designed by Vickers in Britain and produced by all four British artillery manufacturers but mainly by Armstrong and one American company. They were the equivalents of the German 21 cm Morser 16 and in British service were used similarly to the BL 9.2-inch howitzer but were quicker to manufacture and more mobile. They delivered a 200 lb (91 kg) shell to 12,300 yd (7.0 mi; 11.2 km). They had limited service in the British Army in World War II before being converted to the new 7.2 in (180 mm) calibre. They also equipped a small number of Australian and Canadian batteries in World War I and by the US Army in that war. They were used in small numbers by other European armies.

Armstrong Whitworth
Widely known as Armstrong Whitworth, Sir W.G. Armstrong Whitworth & Co Ltd and several similarly named variants was a major British heavy engineering and manufacturing company that was at its peak in the early years of the 20th century. With headquarters in Elswick, Newcastle upon Tyne, Armstrong Whitworth built armaments, ships, locomotives, automobiles and aircraft.

The company was founded by William Armstrong in 1847, becoming Armstrong Mitchell and then Armstrong Whitworth through mergers. In 1927, it merged with Vickers Limited to form Vickers-Armstrongs, with its automobile and aircraft interests purchased by J D Siddeley.
Meerovich
Meerovich or Meyerovich are transliterations from Russian "Меерович" of the Jewish patronymic surname literally meaning "son of Meyer (name)": 'Meyer' + '-vich' according to East Slavic naming rules. It may aloso be the patronymic part of an East Slavic name. Other surnames of the same origin include Meyerowitz, Majerowicz,  Meyrowitz.

Notable people with the surname include:

Boris Meyerovich (multiple people)

Duvid Meerovich, birth name of Dovid Knut

Daniel-Mordkhe Meyerovich, later Mark Meyerovich, initial names of Mark Daniel  (1900–1940), Soviet Jewish Yiddish writer and playwright

Alfred Majerowicz
Alfred Majerowicz (31 July 1925 in Poznań – 2 November 2018) was a Polish geologist who was a lecturer at the University of Wrocław.

He was a founder of the Polish Mineralogical Society, and in 1996 he became its honorary member. In 1971–1972 he was a deputy director, in 1972–1975 he was the director of the Institute of Geological Sciences of the University of Wrocław.

His main scientific activity was petrology of crystalline rocks in Lower Silesia.
North American Manx Museum
The North American Manx Museum in Platteville, Wisconsin, at University of Wisconsin–Platteville, in the United States was opened in 2012. It relates to the Isle of Man, located between Ireland and Britain, and to the heritage of Manx immigrants who came to the United States.

Platteville, Wisconsin
Platteville is the largest city in Grant County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 11,836 at the 2020 census. It is located atop the greater Platte River valley in the southern Driftless Region of Wisconsin, an area known for its karst topography and rolling hills. It is home to the University of Wisconsin–Platteville. It is the principal city of the Platteville micropolitan statistical area, which has an estimated population of 51,938.
Zoltán Fábri
Zoltán Fábri (15 October 1917 – 23 August 1994) was a Hungarian film director and screenwriter. His films The Boys of Paul Street (1969) and Hungarians (1978) were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. His 1965 film Twenty Hours shared the Grand Prix with War and Peace at the 4th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1969 film The Toth Family was entered into the 7th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1975 film 141 Minutes from the Unfinished Sentence was entered into the 9th Moscow International Film Festival, where he won a Special Prize for Directing.

7th Moscow International Film Festival
The 7th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 20 July to 3 August 1971. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Italian film Confessions of a Police Captain directed by Damiano Damiani, the Japanese film Live Today, Die Tomorrow! directed by Kaneto Shindo and the Soviet film The White Bird Marked with Black directed by Yuri Ilyenko.
Zdravko Lorković
Zdravko Lorković (3 January 1900 – 11 November 1998) was a Croatian biologist, entomologist, and geneticist.

Lorković was a professor at the University of Zagreb, where he graduated in biology. He acquired a doctorate in biology in Ljubljana under Jovan Hadži. He studied the nucleus of cells and chromosomes, the origin and evolution of species and ecology.

Lorković was one of the first cytotaxonomists in the world and one of the pioneers of cytotaxonomy, best known for his karyotype studies of butterflies summarised in Lorković 1990 "The butterfly chromosomes and their application in systematics and phylogeny".

Lorković died on 11 November 1998. He is buried in Mirogoj Cemetery.

He was the son of Ivan Lorković, a Croatian politician during its early independence movement, and brother of Mladen Lorković, an Ustaša minister for the fascist and Nazi-collaborationist Independent State of Croatia, notable for his involvement in the Lorković–Vokić plot.

Lorković–Vokić plot
Lorković–Vokić plot (Croatian: Urota Lorković-Vokić) was a mid-1944 attempt initiated by Interior Minister Mladen Lorković and Armed Forces Minister Ante Vokić to form a coalition government with the Croatian Peasant Party (HSS), abandon the Axis powers and align the Independent State of Croatia with the Allies with the help of the Croatian Home Guard. The plot originated from the HSS, which was also involved in the negotiations with the Allies. The plot ended with mass arrests and the execution of the major plotters, including Lorković and Vokić.
Amsterdam criteria
The Amsterdam criteria  are a set of diagnostic criteria used by doctors to help identify families which are likely to have Lynch syndrome, also known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC).

The Amsterdam criteria arose as a result of a meeting of the International Collaborative Group on Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer in Amsterdam, in 1990.  Following this, some of the genetic mechanisms underlying Lynch syndrome were elucidated during the 1990s and the significance of tumours outside the colon, such as those of the endometrium, small intestine and ureter, became clearer.  These  changes in the knowledge of the syndrome lead to a revision of the Amsterdam criteria and were published in Gastroenterology journal in 1999.

Gastroenterology (journal)
Gastroenterology is the official medical journal of the American Gastroenterological Association. Its first issue was published in 1943. It is currently published by Elsevier. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 22.682, ranking it 4th among 92 journals in the category "Gasteroenterology & Hepatology".
Dynamic loading
Dynamic loading is a mechanism by which a computer program can, at run time, load a library (or other binary) into memory, retrieve the addresses of functions and variables contained in the library, execute those functions or access those variables, and unload the library from memory. It is one of the three mechanisms by which a computer program can use some other software within the program; the others are static linking and dynamic linking. Unlike static linking and dynamic linking, dynamic loading allows a computer program to start up in the absence of these libraries, to discover available libraries, and to potentially gain additional functionality.

Executable
In computing, an executable is a resource that a computer can use to control its behavior. As with all information in computing, it is data, but distinct from data that does not imply a flow of control. Terms such as executable code, executable file, executable program, and executable image describe forms in which the information is represented and stored. A native executable is machine code and is directly executable at the instruction level of a CPU. A script is also executable although indirectly via an interpreter. Intermediate executable code (such as bytecode) may be interpreted or converted to native code at runtime via just-in-time compilation.
Sclerobiont
Sclerobionts are collectively known as organisms living in or on any kind of hard substrate (Taylor and Wilson, 2003). A few examples of sclerobionts include Entobia borings, Gastrochaenolites borings, Talpina borings, serpulids, encrusting oysters, encrusting foraminiferans, Stomatopora bryozoans, and "Berenicea" bryozoans.

Entobia sponge borings and the cyclostome bryozoan Voigtopora thurni on an oyster valve from the Coon Creek Beds of the Ripley Formation (Upper Cretaceous) near Blue Springs, Mississippi.

Another example of Entobia sponge borings and encrusting serpulid worms on a modern shell of the bivalve Mercenaria in North Carolina.

Thecideide brachiopod (T), sabellid worm tube (S) and bryozoans (B) on the shell of the bivalve Ctenostreon from the Upper Jurassic of Poland.

Serpulid  worms enrusting Pecten; Duck Harbor Beach on Cape Cod Bay, Wellfleet, Massachusetts.

Chesapecten, barnacles and sponge borings (Entobia) from the Pliocene of York River, Virginia, USA.

Oyster
Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all oysters, are in the superfamily Ostreoidea.

Some species of oyster are commonly consumed and are regarded as a delicacy in some localities. Some types of pearl oysters are harvested for the pearl produced within the mantle. Others, such as the translucent windowpane oysters, are harvested for their shells.
Golden Fleece Mine (Colorado)
The Golden Fleece Mine is a gold mining site in Hinsdale County, Colorado, 5 miles (8 km) south of Lake City. The mine is located half a mile west of the north end of Lake San Cristobal. By 1904 it had produced $1,400,000 in silver and gold ore. The mine operated intermittently until 1919. Later, in the mid-1960s, some renewed interest in the property came up, especially in the Hiwassee lode area of the mine, but other than a couple of small test shipments, there is no recorded production until today.

The Golden Fleece Mine had much impact on the development of the whole area around Lake City. A description of the mine, with special emphasis on geological features, including photos and a profile map of the mine, was published by Thomas Arthur Rickard (Thomas Rickard was his cousin). 
The Golden Fleece mine is also known for an unusual mineral, named hinsdalite (PbAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6), which is a secondary phosphate mineral.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
Son of Gutbucket
Son of Gutbucket is a 1969 sampler album released to promote artists on the Liberty Records label. It followed the earlier release in 1969 of Gutbucket (subtitled An Underworld Eruption). The album was listed on the Top 30 Album charts.

Liberty Records
Liberty Records was a record label founded in the United States by chairman Simon Waronker in 1955 with Alvin Bennett as president and Theodore Keep as chief engineer. It was reactivated in 2001 in the United Kingdom and had two previous revivals.
Mac OS nanokernel
The Mac OS nanokernel is an operating system kernel that serves as the basis of most PowerPC based system software versions 7 through 9 of the classic Mac OS, predating Mac OS X.

The initial revision of this software is a single tasking system which delegates most tasks to an emulator running the Motorola 68000 series (68k) version of the operating system. The second major revision supports multitasking, multiprocessing, and message passing, and would be more properly called a microkernel. Unlike the 68k-derived Mac OS kernel running within it, the PowerPC kernel exists in a protected memory space and executes device drivers in user mode.

The nanokernel is very different from the Copland OS microkernel, although they were created in succession with similar goals.

Device driver
A device driver is software that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling other software to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware.

A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device (drives it). Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program.

Drivers are hardware-dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface.
Arthur Aaron (footballer)
Arthur Frederick Aaron (21 September 1885 – 10 April 1950), later Arron, was an English association footballer who played in the  Football League for Stockport County. Arthur Aaron is alphabetically the first player in Football League records.

Aaron was born in Liverpool, the son of Thomas Aaron and Mary Ann Conroy, and was baptised Romanic Catholic at Our Lady of Immaculate Conception Church. After his football career, he became an estate agent in Lancashire. He married Mary Sophia Fleetwood in 1912.  In 1937, he changed the spelling of his surname to Arron via deed poll. He died in Prescot, Lancashire, aged 64.

Prescot
Prescot is a town and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, Merseyside, England. It lies about 8 miles (13 km) to the east of Liverpool city centre. At the 2001 Census, the civil parish population was 11,184 (5,265 males, 5,919 females). The population of the larger Prescot East and West wards at the 2011 census totalled 14,139. Prescot marks the beginning of the A58 road which runs through to Wetherby, near Leeds in West Yorkshire. The town is served by Prescot railway station and Eccleston Park railway station in neighbouring Eccleston.
Brian Nkuubi
Nkuubi Brian (born 1 November 1993 in Kampala, Uganda) is a Ugandan football player who has played for Vipers Soccer Club, Uganda Revenue Authority Football Club, Maroons Football Club and Kiira Young Football Club. He plays in the Midfield position and in 2023 received an award for the Man of the Match in 2017. He has played in the Uganda Premier League.

Nkuubi Brian also plays for Uganda Sand Cranes , Uganda's national team who played in the International Beach Soccer tournament hosted Bamboo beach in Zanzibar. The tournaments in Uganda are governed by Federation of Ugandan Football Association FUFA and monitored by Ministry of Education and sports.

Vipers SC
Vipers Sports Club is a Ugandan professional association football club based in Kitende, Wakiso District. It competes in the Uganda Premier League, the top flight of Ugandan football. The club was founded in 1969 as Bunamwaya FC. They are nicknamed "The Venoms."