hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alberto Ibáñez
Alberto Ibáñez Mezquita (born 11 November 1991) is a Spanish politician serving as a member of the Congress of Deputies since 2023. He has served as co-spokesperson of the Valencian People's Initiative since 2022.

Valencian People's Initiative
Valencian People's Initiative (Valencian: Iniciativa del Poble Valencià, IdPV), also known as Iniciativa or Iniciativa-Compromís, is a Valencianist and ecosocialist political party, in the Valencian Country, Spain.  IdPV is one of the parties that makes up the Compromís coalition.

Iniciativa has its origin in Esquerra i País, an internal current of Esquerra Unida del País Valencià (EUPV) —the section of the 'United Left' (Izquierda Unida, IU) in the Valencian Community— which represented around 30% of the organization, and which was constituted as a political party on October 20, 2007, in the midst of the crisis in EUPV that pitted the majority sector —formed around the  Communist Party of the Valencian Country and the general coordinator Glòria Marcos—  with the critics closest to Valencian Nationalism.
Diamond State Base Ball Club
The Diamond State Base Ball Club is a baseball team that played in Wilmington, Delaware, in the mid-1860s through the early 1870s. The ball club was revived as a vintage base ball team in 2008 in Delaware City, Delaware.

Brooklyn Atlantics
The Atlantic Base Ball Club of Brooklyn ("Atlantic" or the "Brooklyn Atlantics") was baseball's first champion and its first dynasty. The team was also the first baseball club to visit the White House in 1865 at the invitation of President Andrew Johnson.
Simon Hanselmann
Simon Hanselmann (born 1981) is an Australian-born cartoonist best known for his Megg, Mogg, and Owl series. Hanselmann has been nominated four times for an Ignatz Award, four times for an Eisner Award (winning twice), two times for the Harvey Award and won Best Series at Angouleme 2018.

Eisner Awards
The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards, commonly shortened to the Eisner Awards, are awards for creative achievement in American comic books. They are regarded as the most prestigious and significant awards in the comic industry and often referred to as the industry's equivalent of the Academy Awards.

The first Eisners were conferred in 1988, for works published in 1987. The Eisner Awards ceremony has been held at San Diego Comic-Con every year since 1991. The awards are named in honor of pioneering cartoonist and writer Will Eisner, who was a regular participant in the ceremony until his death in 2005.

The nominations in each category are generated by a five- to six-member jury, then voted on by comic book professionals. The jury often consists of at least one comics retailer, one librarian (since 2005), and one academic researcher, among other comic experts. As of 2021, awards are presented in 32 categories.
Doctor at Sea (novel)
Doctor at Sea is a 1953 comedy novel by the British writer Richard Gordon. It is the second entry in the Doctor series of books, the sequel to Doctor in the House. The book is fictional, however, Richard Gordon, the author, was a ship's surgeon and anaesthetist resulting in a strong sense of realism being conveyed throughout. The introductory pages set the comedic tone for the remainder of the novel.

Richard Gordon (English author)
Richard Gordon (born Gordon Stanley Benton, 15 September 1921 – 11 August 2017, also known as Gordon Stanley Ostlere), was an English ship's surgeon and anaesthetist. As Richard Gordon, Ostlere wrote numerous novels, screenplays for film and television and accounts of popular history, mostly dealing with the practice of medicine. He was best known for a long series of comic novels on a medical theme beginning with Doctor in the House, and the subsequent film, television, radio and stage adaptations. His The Alarming History of Medicine was published in 1993, and he followed this with The Alarming History of Sex.
Voiced velar lateral approximant
A voiced velar lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound, used as a distinct consonant in a very small number of spoken languages in the world. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that has represented this sound since 1989 is ⟨ʟ⟩, a small capital letter l.

Velar laterals often involve a prestopped realization [ᶢʟ].

According to Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996), the extremely short duration of /ʟ/ in intervocalic position (20–30 ms) in some of the languages in New Guinea, such as Kanite and Melpa, warrants calling it a voiced velar lateral tap. The IPA has no specific symbol for this sound, but it may be represented with a breve for extra-short, such as ⟨ʟ̆⟩, to indicate a tapped consonant.

It is reported that some dialects of English may have a voiced uvular lateral approximant, which can be represented in the IPA as ⟨ʟ̠⟩ (a retracted ⟨ʟ⟩), though evidence of this consonant is limited.

Extra-shortness
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) uses a breve ⟨ ˘ ⟩ to indicate a speech sound (usually a vowel) with extra-short duration. That is, [ă] is a very short vowel with the quality of [a]. An example from English is the short schwa of the word police [pə̆ˈliˑs]. This is typical of vowel reduction.

Before the 1989 Kiel Convention, the breve was used for a non-syllabic vowel (that is, part of a diphthong), which is now indicated by an inverted breve placed under the vowel letter, as in eye [aɪ̯]. It is also sometimes used for any flap consonants missing dedicated symbols in the IPA, since a flap is in effect a very brief stop.
2000 Heineken Trophy – Women's doubles
Silvia Farina Elia and Rita Grande were the defending champions, but Farina Elia did not compete this year. Grande teamed up with Sabine Appelmans and lost in semifinals to Catherine Barclay and Karina Habšudová.

Erika deLone and Nicole Pratt won the title, after Catherine Barclay and Karina Habšudová were forced to retire during the final. The score was 7–6(8–6), 4–3.

Silvia Farina Elia
Silvia Farina-Elia (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsilvja faˈriːna eˈliːa]; born 27 April 1972) is a former professional tennis player from Italy. She won three WTA singles titles, reached the quarterfinals of the 2003 Wimbledon Championships and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 11 in May 2002. Farina-Elia won her first ITF title at Caltagirone in 1991 and her first WTA tournament at Strasbourg in 2001. She made her debut Grand Slam appearance at the 1991 French Open and was coached by husband Francesco Elia, whom she married September 1999.
Smoking fetishism
Smoking fetishism (also known as capnolagnia) is a sexual fetish based on the pulmonary consumption (smoking) of tobacco, most often via cigarettes, cigars, cannabis and also pipes, vapes, and hookahs to some extent. As a fetish, its mechanisms regard sexual arousal from the observation or imagination of a person smoking, sometimes including oneself.

Pipe smoking
Pipe smoking is the practice of tasting (or, less commonly, inhaling) the smoke produced by burning a substance, most commonly tobacco or cannabis, in a pipe. It is the oldest traditional form of smoking.

Regular pipe smoking is known to carry serious health risks including increased danger of various forms of cancer as well as pulmonary and cardiovascular illnesses.
Big Brother (Israeli TV series) season 6
HaAh HaGadol 6 (Hebrew: האח הגדול 6; lit. The Big Brother 6) is the sixth season of the Israeli version of the reality show Big Brother. The season began broadcasting on 14 May 2014 and ended on 30 August 2014. Fifteen housemates entered the house during the premiere.
For the first time in Israel, four housemates from previous seasons and one ex-housemate who left the house for medical reasons came back as official housemates and competed again for the main prize.

This season also created controversy, because of the Israel-Gaza conflict, which forced the housemates, when they heard the sirens of the rockets, to go to a safe area of the house.

Big Brother (Israeli TV series)
Big Brother (Hebrew: האח הגדול, Transliteration: HaAh HaGadol, lit. 'The Big Brother') is the Israeli version of the international reality television franchise Big Brother created by producer John de Mol Jr. in 1997. The show began broadcasting in 2008, following the premise of other versions of the format, the show features a group of contestants, known as "Housemates," who live together in a specially constructed house that is isolated from the outside world. The housemates are continuously monitored during their stay in the house by live television cameras as well as personal audio microphones. Throughout the competition, housemates are evicted from the house. The last remaining Housemate wins the competition and is awarded a cash prize.
Howlands Marsh
Howlands Marsh is a 29.9-hectare (74-acre) nature reserve north-east of St Osyth in Essex. It is managed by the Essex Wildlife Trust. It is part of the Colne Estuary Site of Special Scientific Interest Special Protection Area and Ramsar site, and the Blackwater Flats and Marshes Nature Conservation Review site.

This site is marshy grassland, which is low lying and hummocky, and divided by water channels. There are also areas of saltmarsh, which has sea wormwood and golden samphire. Breeding birds include reed warblers, skylarks, lapwings and reed buntings.

There is access by a footpath from the B1027 road.

Artemisia maritima
Artemisia maritima is a European species of wormwood known as sea wormwood, and also formerly often by its synonym Seriphidium maritimum. It is native to the Atlantic coasts of northern Europe, from western and northern France, Ireland, the United Kingdom, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, the Baltic States, and northwestern Russia. In Great Britain, it is found as far north as Wigton on the west coast and Cruden Bay on the east coast, and in Ireland, on the east and west coasts between Dublin and Killough, and Tralee Bay to Galway; it also occurs on the Isle of Man.

There are two subspecies:

Artemisia maritima subsp. maritima – in the western part of the range

Artemisia maritima subsp. humifusa (Fr. ex C.Hartm.) K.Perss. – in the northeastern part of the range
2016 Rogers Cup – Men's doubles
Bob and Mike Bryan were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to Florin Mergea and Horia Tecău.

Ivan Dodig and Marcelo Melo won the title, defeating Jamie Murray and Bruno Soares in the final, 6–4, 6–4.

Horia Tecău
Horia Tecău (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈhori.a teˈkəw]; born January 19, 1985) is a Romanian former professional tennis player who specialised in doubles.

He is a three-time Grand Slam champion, having won the 2015 Wimbledon Championships and 2017 US Open alongside Jean-Julien Rojer in men's doubles, as well as the 2012 Australian Open with Bethanie Mattek-Sands in mixed doubles. Tecău also reached five further Grand Slam finals: at the 2010, 2011 and 2012 Wimbledon Championships with Robert Lindstedt in men's doubles, and at the 2014 and 2016 Australian Opens in mixed doubles.

He reached his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 2 in November 2015, shortly before winning the 2015 ATP Finals with Rojer. Tecău won 38 doubles and one mixed doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including three at Masters 1000 level. He also won the silver medal at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, alongside compatriot Florin Mergea.
Khirbet edh-Dharih
Khirbet edh-Dharih (Arabic: خربة الذريح) is a multi-period archaeological site which mainly flourished during the Nabataean period, when a prosperous settlement with a religious sanctuary stood there. The site is located on the King's Highway in southern Jordan,  about 70 km (45 miles) north of the ancient Nabataean capital city, Petra, or in caravaning terms at the 3rd station from it, the nearest modern town being Tafileh. The earliest signs of human habitation at the site are from the Neolithic period and more specifically the Pottery Neolithic A (PNA) period, circa 6000-4000 BCE.

King's Highway (ancient)
The King's Highway was a trade route of vital importance in the ancient Near East, connecting Africa with Mesopotamia. It ran from Egypt across the Sinai Peninsula to Aqaba, then turned northward across Transjordan, to Damascus and the Euphrates River.

After the Muslim conquest of the Fertile Crescent in the 7th century AD and until the 16th century, it was the darb al-hajj or pilgrimage road for Muslims from Syria, Iraq, and beyond heading to the holy city of Mecca.

In modern Jordan, segments of Highway 35 and Highway 15, and the Aqaba Highway follow this route, connecting Irbid in the north with Aqaba in the south. The southern part crosses several deep wadis, making it a highly scenic if curvy and rather low-speed road.
Doris Fuchs (scientist)
Doris Fuchs (born 1966) is a German Political Scientist and Professor of International Relations and Sustainable Development at the University of Münster.She currently serves as Co-Director of the Research Institute for Sustainability (RIFS) in Potsdam, previoulsly known as the  Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies.

Fuchs received her Ph.D. in Political Science & Economics at Claremont Graduate University in California and completed her Habilitation at the University of Munich. She was a lecturer and researcher at the University of Michigan, Louisiana State University, the University of Munich, the HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management as well as the University of Stuttgart. Since October 2023, Fuchs has held the position of Co-Director at the Research Institute for Sustainability (RIFS) in Potsdam, which is affiliated with the GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences.

GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences
The GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences (formerly Helmholtz Centre Potsdam – GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences), or just GFZ, is the national research center for Earth Sciences in Germany. Located in the Albert Einstein Science Park on the hill of Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Brandenburg, GFZ is part of the Helmholtz Association of National Research Centres.

"GFZ" stands for GeoForschungsZentrum (Geo-research Centre).
David Clark Dobson
David Clark Dobson (born 17 November 1962 in Salt Lake City) is an American mathematician.

Dobson received in 1986 his bachelor's degree from Utah State University and his PhD in 1990 from Rice University. He was at the University of Minnesota from 1990 to 1993. He was from 1993 to 1996 an assistant professor, from 1996 to 2000 an assistant Professor and from 1996 to 2000 an associate professor at Texas A&M University. Since 2002 he is a full professor at the University of Utah.

Dobson does research on applied mathematics, specifically, "computational methods and optimal design for plasmonic structures and metamaterials, optimal design of photonic structures and devices, data analysis with physical constraints, and inverse problems in acoustics."

In 2000 he received the first Felix Klein Prize. From 1997 to 1999 he was a Sloan Fellow.

Plasmon
In physics, a plasmon is a quantum of plasma oscillation. Just as light (an optical oscillation) consists of photons, the plasma oscillation consists of plasmons. The plasmon can be considered as a quasiparticle since it arises from the quantization of plasma oscillations, just like phonons are quantizations of mechanical vibrations. Thus, plasmons are collective (a discrete number) oscillations of the free electron gas density. For example, at optical frequencies, plasmons can couple with a photon to create another quasiparticle called a plasmon polariton.

The field of study and manipulation of plasmons is called plasmonics.
2025 Georgian Cup
The 2025 Georgian Cup, also called the Davit Kipiani Cup, is a single knock-out football tournament, organized by the Georgian Football Federation. The winner of this year's Cup will earn the right to take part in the 2026–27 UEFA Conference League qualifying round and the 2026 Georgian Super Cup.

2nd division club Spaeri are the most recent title holders, having beaten Dinamo Tbilisi in the 2024 Cup final on penalties.

Georgian Super Cup
The Georgian Super Cup is a super cup tournament in Georgian football. Founded in 1996 as a two-team competition, the current version has been contested since 2023 by four teams, those being the first, second, and third placed teams in the Erovnuli Liga, as well as the winners of the Georgian Cup.

Formerly, the tournament used to be a single football match solely played between the champions of the Erovnuli Liga and the winners of the Georgian Cup. When a club had won both competitions, the Georgian Cup losing finalists play for the Super Cup. This occurred in 1996, 1997, 2013 and 2014 when Dinamo Tbilisi won the double on all four occasions.

In 2023, the format of Super Cup changed to be contested between four teams. The three teams that qualified for the Champions League and Europa Conference League from the Erovnuli Liga and the winners of the Georgian Cup play one-legged semi-finals, and a final. The losers of each semi-final play a third place play-off.
Terry Calloway
Terry Calloway (born August 6, 1954) is former a Republican member of the Kansas House of Representatives, representing the 3rd district (Pittsburg) from 2011 to 2013. Calloway was first elected to office in 2010, where he defeated the incumbent Julie Menghini.

Calloway was raised in Greenville, South Carolina.  He attended Greenville Technical College and was a draftsman working in mechanical engineering related fields.  He later moved to Pittsburg, Kansas and attended Pittsburg State University earning a bachelor's degree in computer science in 1988.  That year he established Data Technique, a computer software and consulting firm.  He is a Baptist.

Calloway is anti-abortion, and has been a co-sponsor of bills to limit late-term abortions, including the intact dilation and extraction procedure. He is a member of the American Majority.

On June 11, 2012, Calloway announced he would withdraw from the 2012 election.

Intact dilation and extraction
Intact dilation and extraction (D&X, IDX, or intact D&E) is a surgical procedure that terminates and removes an intact fetus from the uterus. The procedure is used both after miscarriages and for abortions in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. When used to perform an abortion, an intact D&E can occur after feticide or on a live fetus.

In the United States, where federal law describes an intact D&E on a live fetus as a partial-birth abortion, the procedure is uncommon. The 2003 federal Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act, which was upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of Gonzales v. Carhart, outlaws an intact D&E of a fetus with a heartbeat under most, though not all, circumstances.
Zephyrium (Pontus)
Zephyrium or Zephyrion (Ancient Greek: Ζεφύριον) was a town of ancient Pontus in the territory of the Mosynoeci, located on a promontory of the same name, 90 stadia to the west of Tripolis, mentioned by several ancient authors.

The promontory is identified as Çam Burnu (formerly Zefre Burnu) in Asiatic Turkey, but the town is unlocated.

Stadion (unit)
The stadion (plural stadia, Ancient Greek: στάδιον; latinized as stadium; also anglicized as stade), was an ancient Greek unit of length, consisting of 600 ancient Greek feet (podes). There are a range of varieties or understandings of what a stadion was and is; these have been calculated by various historians, and those calculations have varied dramatically (as did perhaps the use and meaning of the term stadion over time in ancient Greece). Thus, the exact length of one stadion is not universally agreed upon today: historians estimate it at between 150 and 210 m (490 and 690 ft), with perhaps something of a convergence around the 185 metres (607 ft) length of an Attic stade.
Rashid Din
Rashid bin Din (born 29 July 1946) was the Member of the Parliament (MP) for the Merbok from March 2008 to May 2013. He sat in Parliament as a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR) in the opposition Pakatan Rakyat coalition.

Rashid won the seat of Merbok in the 2008 election. The seat, previously held comfortably by the Barisan Nasional coalition, swung to the PKR for Rashid to win it by 3,098 votes. Rashid was replaced as the PKR's candidate for the seat at the 2013 election, and the party lost the seat to the Barisan Nasional's Ismail Daut.

Merbok (federal constituency)
Merbok is a federal constituency in Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1986.

The federal constituency was created in the 1984 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.
Boliden
Boliden is a locality situated in Skellefteå Municipality, Västerbotten County, Sweden with 1,566 inhabitants in 2010. It lies 28,5 kilometers from Skellefteå City.

This is where Boliden AB was founded in early 20th century after the findings in the mine that was called the Boliden mine.

Västerbotten County
Västerbotten County (Swedish: Västerbottens län), sometimes called Westrobothnia, is a county or län in the north of Sweden. It shares the borders with the counties of Västernorrland, Jämtland, and Norrbotten, as well as the Norwegian county of Nordland and the Gulf of Bothnia. Its capital is Umeå which is also the largest city in Northern Sweden, and the second-largest city is Skellefteå. These two municipalities, both of which are located in the eastern coastal region, make up more than two thirds of Västerbotten's population. The interior of Västerbotten County is sparsely populated, and has vast wilderness areas. The land area of Västerbotten is larger than that of either Denmark, the Netherlands or Switzerland.
Donaueschingen Festival
The Donaueschingen Festival, or more precisely Donaueschingen Music Days (German: Donaueschinger Musiktage), is a three-day October event presenting new music in the town of the same name, where the Danube River starts, at the edge of the Black Forest in southern Germany. Founded in 1921, it is the oldest festival for contemporary music in the world.

Brian Ferneyhough
Brian John Peter Ferneyhough (/ˈfɜːrnihoʊ/ ⓘ; born 16 January 1943) is an English composer. Ferneyhough is typically considered the central figure of the New Complexity movement. Ferneyhough has taught composition at the Hochschule für Musik Freiburg and the University of California, San Diego; he teaches at Stanford University and is a regular lecturer in the summer courses at Darmstädter Ferienkurse. He has resided in California since 1987.
Ashburn Hall
Ashburn Hall, also known as the Capehart House, is a historic plantation house located near Kittrell, Vance County, North Carolina.  It was built in the 1840s or early 1850s, and is a two‑story, three‑bay, T‑shaped frame dwelling in a restrained Greek Revival style.  It features a broad, one‑story pedimented entrance portico, with four spaced, paired fluted Tuscan order columns.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

Vance County, North Carolina
Vance County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 42,578. Its county seat is Henderson. Vance County comprises the Henderson, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.