hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sutton cum Duckmanton
Sutton cum Duckmanton is a civil parish in Derbyshire, England, between Bolsover and Chesterfield in the district of North East Derbyshire.

The village has a parish church, a pub, The Arkwright Arms, and a parish council.

Sutton cum Duckmanton contains the villages of Arkwright Town, Duckmanton,  Long Duckmanton, and Sutton Scarsdale. Hamlets include Sutton Spring Wood. The population was 1,582 at the 2011 Census.

The nearest airport is East Midlands Airport and the nearest train and bus stations are in Chesterfield.

North East Derbyshire
North East Derbyshire is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. The council is based in the large village of Wingerworth. The district also includes the towns of Dronfield and Clay Cross as well as numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Chesterfield (which it almost surrounds), Bolsover, Amber Valley, Derbyshire Dales, Sheffield and Rotherham.
Double Cross (1951 film)
Double Cross (Italian: Il tradimento, also known as Treason and Passato che uccide) is a 1951 Italian crime-melodrama film directed by Riccardo Freda and starring Amedeo Nazzari, Vittorio Gassman and Gianna Maria Canale.

Riccardo Freda
Riccardo Freda (24 February 1909 – 20 December 1999) was an Italian film director. He worked in a variety of genres, including sword-and-sandal, horror, giallo and spy films.

Freda began directing I Vampiri in 1956. The film became the first Italian sound horror film production.
Benjamin Marius Telders
Benjamin Marius Telders (19 March 1903 – 6 April 1945) was a professor of law at Leiden University. He is known for standing up for his belief in the rule of law and civil society during the German Occupation.

From 1938 he became involved in Dutch politics; he was party chairman of the Liberal State Party from 1938–1945.

Rudolph Cleveringa and Telders led the resistance to a declaration requiring the dismissal of 'non-Aryan' staff that all professors were told to sign in October 1940. He was arrested that December and imprisoned in Scheveningen. He died of typhus in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp shortly before the end of the war. He was awarded the Dutch Cross of Resistance on 9 May 1946 (posthumously).

Telders Students Society of International Law, the Telders Foundation, and the Telders International Law Moot Court Competition are named after him.

Liberal State Party
The Liberal State Party, "the Freedom League" (Dutch: Liberale Staatspartij "de Vrijheidsbond", LSP), was a conservative liberal political party in the Netherlands from 1921 to 1948. It is historically linked to the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), a major Dutch political party.
Jeanie Forrester
Jeanie Forrester was Chairman of the Republican Party of New Hampshire and a former Republican member of the New Hampshire Senate, representing the 2nd district from 2010 until 2016. A businesswoman by trade, Forrester served on the Finance and Public/Municipal Affairs committees. In 2016, Forrester decided not to seek reelection to the senate and instead ran for the republican nomination for Governor of New Hampshire, ultimately losing to Chris Sununu. Sununu later supported Forrester's successful candidacy for party chairman.

New Hampshire Senate
The New Hampshire State Senate is the upper house of the New Hampshire General Court, alongside the New Hampshire House of Representatives. The Senate has been meeting since 1784. The senate consists of 24 members representing Senate districts based on population. There are 16 Republicans and 8 Democrats currently serving in the senate.
Cecil Haig
Cecil Haig (16 March 1862 – 3 March 1947) was a British fencer. He won a silver medal in the team épée event at the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was educated at Clifton College and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Dicycloverine
Dicycloverine, also known as dicyclomine, sold under the brand name Bentyl among others, is a medication that is used to treat spasms of the intestines such as those that occur in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It is taken by mouth or by injection into a muscle. While it has been used in baby colic and enterocolitis, evidence does not support these uses.

Common side effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, weakness, sleepiness, and lightheadedness. Serious side effects may include psychosis and breathing problems in babies. Use in pregnancy appears to be safe while use during breastfeeding is not recommended. How it works is not entirely clear.

Dicycloverine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1950. It is available as a generic medication. In 2023, it was the 192nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.

Blurred vision
Blurred vision is an ocular symptom where vision becomes less precise and there is added difficulty to resolve fine details.

Temporary blurred vision may involve dry eyes, eye infections, alcohol poisoning, hypoglycemia, or low blood pressure. Other medical conditions may include refractive errors such as myopia, high hypermetropia, and astigmatism, amblyopia, presbyopia, pseudomyopia, diabetes, cataract, pernicious anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, thiamine deficiency, glaucoma, retinopathy, hypervitaminosis A, migraine, sjögren's syndrome, floater, macular degeneration, and can be a sign of stroke or brain tumor.
Jonathan Taylor (Wisconsin politician)
Jonathan Taylor was an American pioneer and politician. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

Taylor began his life in Wabash, Indiana, before moving to the Wisconsin Territory. In 1838, Taylor worked as an agent for a two-horse stage line operating between Mineral Point, Madison and Fort Winnebago, run by Colonel Abner Nichols. While working there, Taylor laid one of the first claims in Sauk County, Wisconsin near present-day Sauk City, along with Berry Haney and Solomon Shore.

After Nichols died, Taylor purchased a two horse team and hauled goods between Chicago, Milwaukee, and Madison.  During the winter months, Taylor hauled sleds of trout from Green Bay to Galena, Illinois and returned with supplies needed in Fort Winnebago, Fond du Lac and Green Bay.

He worked for a time as a contractor in Milwaukee, where he was elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1857.	He then moved to New York City with Charles Trainor, where he made a fortune laying block pavement.

Wabash, Indiana
Wabash is a city in Noble Township, Wabash County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2020 census, Wabash had a population of 10,440. The city is situated along the Wabash River and is the county seat of Wabash County.

Wabash is notable as claiming to be the first electrically lighted city in the world, which was inaugurated on March 31, 1880. However, closer inspection of the reference shows only the court house grounds were lighted. It is also home to the historic Eagles Theatre, Paradise Spring Treaty Grounds (1826), the Wabash and Erie Canal, Presbyterian Church (1880), and Disciples of Christ Christian Church (1865).
The Big Bust Out
The Big Bust Out is the US title of an Italian women in prison film, The Crucified Girls of San Ramon (Io Monaca... per tre Carogne e Sette Peccatrici). The US rights were bought by Roger Corman for New World Pictures, who cut out 20 minutes for the US release.

Roger Corman later said the film was not very good, but he managed to make money from it.

Incarceration of women
Approximately 741,000 women are incarcerated in correctional facilities, a 17% increase since 2010 and the female prison population has been increasing across all continents. The list of countries by incarceration rate includes a main table with a column for the historical and current percentage of prisoners who are female.
Beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase
In enzymology, a beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase (EC 2.4.99.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine  CMP + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,6-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D- glucosamine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are CMP-N-acetylneuraminate and beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine, whereas its three products are CMP, alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,6-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-, and glucosamine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those glycosyltransferases that do not transfer hexosyl or pentosyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucos amine alpha-2,6-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase. This enzyme participates in n-glycan biosynthesis and glycan structures - biosynthesis 1.

Glucosamine
Glucosamine (C6H13NO5) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. Glucosamine is part of the structure of two polysaccharides, chitosan and chitin. Glucosamine is one of the most abundant monosaccharides. It is produced commercially by the hydrolysis of shellfish exoskeletons or, less commonly, by fermentation of a grain such as corn or wheat. Glucosamine has various names depending on the country and its intended use.

Although a common dietary supplement, there is little clinical evidence that it is effective for relief of arthritis or pain, and is not an approved prescription drug in most countries, although it is listed as a medicinal product in Europe. Worldwide, there are no clinical organizations that recommend use of glucosamine as a treatment for arthritis.
Sepia incerta
Sepia incerta is a species of cuttlefish native to the southwestern Indian Ocean, specifically south and east Africa, from Port Elizabeth to Mozambique (north to 18ºS). It is also present in the Saya-de-Malha Bank. S. incerta lives at a depth of between 90 and 345 m.

Sepia incerta grows to a mantle length of 150 mm.

The type specimen was collected near Tongaat Beach, KwaZulu-Natal and Port Elizabeth, Cape Province in South Africa. It is deposited at The Natural History Museum in London.

Saya de Malha Bank
The Saya de Malha Bank (also the Sahia de Malha Bank, modern Portuguese: saia de malha, English: mesh skirt) or Mesh Skirt Bank, is one of the largest submerged ocean banks in the world, a part of the vast undersea Mascarene Plateau.
Buffalo Creek (Elk River tributary, Oklahoma)
Buffalo Creek is a stream in McDonald and 
Newton counties in Missouri and Delaware County, Oklahoma. It is a tributary of the Elk River.

The stream headwaters arise in Newton County south of Neosho near the campus of Crowder College at 36°48′15″N 94°21′38″W﻿ / ﻿36.80417°N 94.36056°W﻿ / 36.80417; -94.36056 and it flows west passing under US Route 71 and then southwest into McDonald County passing the community of May. It continues to the southwest passing under Missouri routes 43 and 76 and the community of Tiff City and into Oklahoma. It reaches its confluence with the Elk about two miles southwest of the border at 36°38′04″N 94°37′53″W﻿ / ﻿36.63444°N 94.63139°W﻿ / 36.63444; -94.63139.

Buffalo Creek was named for the fact a pioneer killed a buffalo near its banks.

Delaware County, Oklahoma
Delaware County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, its population was 40,397. Its county seat is Jay. The county was named for the Delaware Indians, who had established a village in the area prior to the Cherokees being assigned to relocate to Indian Territory in the 1830s. Delaware County was created in 1907. Prior to becoming Delaware County, a large portion of the area was known as the Delaware District of the Cherokee Nation. Today, Delaware County continues to be recognized by the Cherokee Nation as the Delaware District.
FGC 254 Series
The 254 Series is a meter gauge freight diesel locomotive built for Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC).

Three locomotives were built in 1990 by Meinfesa, at the same time as the RENFE Class 319.2 with which it shares a similar external appearance, as well as both having GM-EMD engines and transmissions.

The locomotive is used for potash and salt trains, and occasional special historical passenger trains, on the Llobregat–Anoia Line.

Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya
Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Eastern Calatan: [ˌfɛrukəˈrilz ðə lə ʒənəɾəliˈtad də kətəˈluɲə], "Catalan Government Railways"; Spanish: Ferrocarriles de la Generalidad de Cataluña), or FGC, is a railway company which operates several unconnected lines in Catalonia, Spain.

The lines operated include metro and commuter lines in and around the city of Barcelona, tourist mountain railways, and rural railway lines. They include 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) of 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) gauge route, 140 kilometres (87 mi) of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge route, 42 kilometres (26 mi) of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge route, and 89 kilometres (55 mi) of broad gauge route, making the FGC one of the few railway companies to operate on four different gauges.

Whilst most lines are conventional adhesion railways, the FGC also operates two rack railways and four funicular railways.

In 2018, the network carried 87.2 million passengers.
Mount Hooker
Mount Hooker is the name of several mountains worldwide:

Mount Hooker (Antarctica)

Mount Hooker (Canada), a mountain on the Continental Divide and border between British Columbia and Alberta, Canada
Hooker and Brown, mythical mountains alleged to exist in the Canadian Rockies

Mount Hooker (New Zealand) in the Southern Alps

Mount Hooker (Wyoming), United States

Mount Hooker (Canada)
Mount Hooker is located on the border of Alberta and British Columbia, Canada. It was named in 1827 by David Douglas after William Jackson Hooker. Until the turn of the century, Mount Hooker and the nearby Mount Brown were thought to be the highest mountains in the Canadian Rockies (see Hooker and Brown).
Randamoozham
Randamoozham (transl. The second turn) is a Malayalam novel by M. T. Vasudevan Nair. It is a revisionist retelling of the Mahābhārata from the perspective of Bhīma, departing from the epic's traditional mythological framework by rejecting divine intervention in favour of a human-centred, realist portrayal of its characters and events.

First serialized in Kalakaumudi Weekly in 1984, it won the Vayalar Award for the best literary work in Malayalam in 1985. It also won the Muttathu Varkey Award in 1994.

Revisionism (fictional)
In literature, revisionism is the retelling of a conventional or established narrative with significant variations which deliberately "revise" the view shown in the original work.

For example, the 1883 children's book The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood revised the folklore tale of Robin Hood to depict Robin as much more straightforwardly heroic and less as a thief with a code of honor.  This adaptation was immensely popular, and influenced all subsequent modern portrayals. Many original works of fantasy appear to retell fairy tales in a revisionist manner.
North Antrim (Northern Ireland Parliament constituency)
55°07′16″N 6°19′44″W﻿ / ﻿55.121°N 6.329°W﻿ / 55.121; -6.329

North Antrim was a constituency of the Northern Ireland House of Commons.

The House of Commons (Method of Voting and Redistribution of Seats) Act (Northern Ireland), 1929 introduced first-past-the-post elections for 48 single-member constituencies (including Antrim North).

This constituency was one of seven county divisions in Antrim, so it was smaller than the UK Parliament seat. From 1969 there were nine county divisions in Antrim, but the changes in the vicinity of Belfast did not affect the boundaries of this division.

It comprised (in terms of local government units existing in 1929) parts of the rural districts of Ballycastle and Ballymoney together with the whole of the urban districts of Ballycastle, Ballymoney and Portrush.

It returned one member of Parliament from 1929 until the Parliament of Northern Ireland was temporarily suspended in 1972, and then formally abolished in 1973.

Rural district
A rural district was a type of local government area – now superseded – established at the end of the 19th century in England, Wales, and Ireland for the administration of predominantly rural areas at a level lower than that of the administrative counties.
Arrow (surname)
Arrow is the surname of:

Gilbert John Arrow (1873–1948), English entomologist

Jai Arrow (born 1995), Australian rugby league footballer

Kenneth Arrow (1921–2017), American economist, mathematician and political theorist, Nobel laureate in economics

Michelle Arrow, Australian historian, academic and author

Ronnie Arrow (born 1947), American former college basketball coach

Tre Arrow, American environmental activist and convicted arsonist born Michael Scarpitti in 1974

Gilbert John Arrow
Gilbert John Arrow (20 December 1873 London - 5 October 1948) was an English entomologist.

Gilbert was the son of John Garner Arrow of Streatham, London. He initially trained as an architect but took an interest in insects from 1896 during which time he was a Deputy Keeper on the staff of the Natural History Museum in London from 1896 until 1938. He worked mainly on the Coleoptera and noted stridulation in the larvae and adults of Lamellicorn beetles.
Kurumchi culture
The Kurumchi culture or the "Kurumchi blacksmiths" (Russian: Курумчинские кузнецы) were the earliest Iron Age archaeological culture of Lake Baikal. Bernhard Petri proposed their existence in the 1920s, speculating that they were the progenitors of the Sakha people. Later, from the 1940s until 1970s, Alexey Okladnikov continued research on the Kurumchi. Renewed research that began in the 1980s into the Kurumchi expanded scholarly understanding of their society.

Irkutsk State University
Irkutsk State University (Russian: Ирку́тский госуда́рственный университе́т) was founded in October 1918 in Irkutsk, Siberia. Nowadays Irkutsk State University is a scientific and educational institution training students in humanities, natural, technical and applied sciences. ISU facilities include 8 educational institutions, 11 faculties, the scientific library that is one of the largest University libraries in Russia. ISU offers bachelor, master, post-graduate programs for more than 18,000 students that have opportunity to specialize under the supervision of world-known scientists.

For decades, Irkutsk University has trained more than 80 thousand specialists, including State Prize winners and writers V. Rasputin, A. Vampilov, and M. Sergeev.
Friedel's salt
Friedel's salt is an anion exchanger mineral belonging to the family of the layered double hydroxides (LDHs). It has affinity for anions as chloride and iodide and is capable of retaining them to a certain extent in its crystallographical structure.

Friedel–Crafts reaction
The Friedel–Crafts reactions are a set of reactions developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituents to an aromatic ring. Friedel–Crafts reactions are of two main types: alkylation reactions and acylation reactions. Both proceed by electrophilic aromatic substitution.
History of Asian Australians
Asian Australian history is the history of Asian ethnic and racial groups in Australia who trace their ancestry to Asia. The term Asian Australian, was first used in the 1950s by European Australians who wanted to strengthen diplomatic and trade ties with Asia for the benefit of the Australian community. The term was not originally used to describe or recognise the experiences of people of Asian descent living in Australia. It was only in the late 1980s and 1990s that the term "Asian Australian" was adopted and used by Asian Australians themselves to discuss issues related to racial vilification and discrimination. Today, the term "Asian Australian" is widely accepted and used to refer to people of Asian descent who are citizens or residents of Australia, though its usage and meaning may vary within the Asian Australian community.

Ancestor
In genealogy and evolutionary biology, an ancestor, also known as a forefather, fore-elder, or a forebear, is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an antecedent (i.e., a grandparent, great-grandparent, great-great-grandparent and so forth). Ancestor is "any person from whom one is descended. In law, the person from whom an estate has been inherited."
Nanda Road station
Nanda Road (Chinese: 南大路; pinyin: Nándà Lù) is a metro station on the Line 15 of the Shanghai Metro. Located at the intersection of Qilianshan Road and Nanda Road in Putuo District, Shanghai, the station was scheduled to open with the rest of Line 15 by the end of 2020. However, the station eventually opened on 23 January 2021 following a one-month postponement. It is located in between Fengxiang Road station to the north and Qi'an Road station to the south.

Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.
British America Assurance Company
The British America Assurance Company was a fire insurance company established in York, Upper Canada in 1833. An impressive headquarters building for it was designed by William Irving in 1877. The company expanded into the U.S. It also operated in Sydney and Adelaide. The company took hits during major conflagrations, such as the San Francisco fire of 1906.

Property insurance
Property insurance provides protection against most risks to property, such as fire, theft and some weather damage. This includes specialized forms of insurance such as fire insurance, flood insurance, earthquake insurance, home insurance, or boiler insurance. Property is insured in two main ways—open perils and named perils.

Open perils cover all the causes of loss not specifically excluded in the policy. Common exclusions on open peril policies include damage resulting from earthquakes, floods, nuclear incidents, acts of terrorism, and war.  Named perils require the actual cause of loss to be listed in the policy for insurance to be provided. The more common named perils include such damage-causing events as fire, lightning, explosion, cyber-attack, and theft.