hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Narrative Science
Narrative Science was a natural language generation company based in Chicago, Illinois, that specialized in data storytelling. As of December 17, 2021, Narrative Science was acquired by Salesforce and has been integrated into Salesforce's Tableau Software.

Salesforce
Salesforce, Inc., is an American cloud-based software company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It provides applications focused on sales, customer service, marketing automation, e-commerce, analytics, artificial intelligence, agentic AI, and application development.

Founded by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff in March 1999, Salesforce grew quickly, making its initial public offering in 2004. As of September 2025, Salesforce is the 61st largest company in the world by market cap with a value of nearly US$238 billion. It became the world's largest enterprise applications firm in 2022. Salesforce ranked 491st on the 2023 edition of the Fortune 500, making $31.352 billion in revenue. Since 2020, Salesforce has also been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average
EUobserver
EUobserver is a European online newspaper, launched in 2000 by the Brussels-based organisation EUobserver.com ASBL.

The newspaper provides both daily reports and in-depth coverage on international affairs related to the European Union (EU). It is regarded as one of the first English language media outlets dedicated to the reporting of EU affairs, since joined by The Brussels Times, EURACTIV and Politico Europe.

Nonprofit organization laws by jurisdiction
Laws regulating nonprofit organizations, nonprofit corporations, non-governmental organizations, and voluntary associations vary in different jurisdictions. They all play a critical role in addressing social, economic, and environmental issues. These organizations operate under specific legal frameworks that are regulated by the respective jurisdictions in which they operate. Such law can facilitate the workings of nonprofit organizations, but they can also hamper their functioning.
Timor-Leste at the 2021 SEA Games
Timor-Leste participated at the 2021 Southeast Asian Games in Hanoi, Vietnam from 12 to 23 May 2022. The Timorese contingent consisted of 69 athletes. Despite the small number, this contingent won 3 silver and 2 bronze medals. Felisberto de Deus won Timor-Leste's first ever medal in athletics.

Felisberto de Deus
Felisberto de Deus (born 6 July 1999) is an athlete from Timor Leste.

He was selected to compete in the men's 1500 metres at the 2020 Summer Games and was given the honour of being the flag bearer for his nation in the opening ceremony.
James Fraser-Mackenzie
James Fraser-Mackenzie (born 17 May 1993) is a Zimbabwean rower who competes primarily in the single sculls. Born in Harare, Zimbabwe, Fraser-Mackenzie began his sporting career as a middle-distance runner, and won junior cross-country events before developing a stronger passion for rowing. He was previously a member of the St. George's College Boat Club, and trained at the Leander Club in Remenham.

Remenham
Remenham is a village and civil parish on the Berkshire bank of the River Thames opposite Henley-on-Thames in southern England. It is particularly well known for the steep approach, known as Remenham Hill or White Hill (due to the chalky nature of the land), into Henley.
Rajendra Dharkar
Rajendra Nilkanth Dharkar was an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Dharkar was a member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Indore-3 constituency in Indore district.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
Avenue Grounds
Avenue Grounds was a baseball field located in Cincinnati, USA. Also known as Brighton Park and Cincinnati Baseball Park, the ground was home to the Cincinnati Reds baseball club from April 25, 1876, to August 27, 1879.  The ballpark featured a grandstand that could seat up to 3,000 fans.  It was approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the Union Grounds, where the original professional team from the area, the Cincinnati Red Stockings, played, and was approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) from the heart of the city, so horse-drawn streetcars and trains were a popular way to travel to the park.  The ballpark had first opened in 1875, and would continue to be used for various types of amateur sports until at least the mid-1890s. The major league club of 1876–1879 played poorly, and actually dropped out of the league after the 1879 season. The club revived for 1880, and relocated to the Bank Street Grounds.

Cincinnati Red Stockings
The Cincinnati Red Stockings of 1869 were baseball's first all-professional team, with ten salaried players. The Cincinnati Base Ball Club formed in 1866 and fielded competitive teams in the National Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP) 1867–1870, a time of a transition that ambitious Cincinnati businessmen and ballplayer Harry Wright shaped as much as anyone. Major League Baseball recognized those events officially by sponsoring a centennial of professional baseball in 1969.

Thanks partly to their on-field success and the continental scope of their tours, the Red Stockings established styles in team uniforms and team nicknames that have some currency even in the 21st century. They also established the color red as the color of Cincinnati (continuing with the modern Cincinnati Reds), and they were the origin of the "Red Sox" in Boston Red Sox.
Tocilizumab
Tocilizumab, sold under the brand name Actemra among others, is an immunosuppressive drug, used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, giant cell arteritis, cytokine release syndrome, COVID‑19, and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). It is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody of the immunoglobulin IgG1 subclass against the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R). Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that plays an important role in immune response and is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, multiple myeloma and prostate cancer. Tocilizumab was jointly developed by Osaka University and Chugai, and was licensed in 2003 by Hoffmann-La Roche.

Tocilizumab was approved for medical use in the European Union in January 2009, and in the United States in January 2010.

Emergency Use Authorization
An Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) in the United States is an authorization granted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under sections of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as added to and amended by various Acts of Congress, including by the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013 (PAHPRA), as codified by 21 U.S.C. § 360bbb-3, to allow the use of a drug prior to approval. It does not constitute approval of the drug in the full statutory meaning of the term, but instead authorizes the FDA to facilitate availability of an unapproved product, or an unapproved use of an approved product, during a declared state of emergency from one of several agencies or of a "material threat" by the Secretary of Homeland Security.
Mollymook Beach, New South Wales
Mollymook Beach is a suburb in the City of Shoalhaven, New South Wales, Australia. It is located about four km north of Ulladulla on the northern end of Mollymook beach on the shore of the Tasman Sea. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 2,447. It is a mostly residential area incorporating Bannister Headland and is located north of Mollymook, with the eastern part of the border formed by Blackwater Creek. The southern part of the beach lies in Mollymook.

Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand. It measures about 2,000 km (1,200 mi) across and about 2,800 km (1,700 mi) from north to south. The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman, who in 1642 was the first known European to cross it. British explorer Lieutenant James Cook later extensively navigated the Tasman Sea in the 1770s during his three voyages of exploration.

The Māori people of New Zealand call this sea Te Moana-a-Rehua meaning 'the sea of Rehua' which clashes with the Pacific waters named Te Tai-o-Whitirea ('the sea of Whitirea') – after Whitirea, Rehua's lover – at Cape Reinga, the northernmost tip of North Island.
Domain Developers Fund
Domain Developers Fund (DDF) was a public alternative investment fund that exclusively invested in Internet domain names.

DDF maintained an inventory of websites and domain names, including a wide variety of gTLD and ccTLD domains, from which it extracts advertising revenue through a combination of pay per click advertising, affiliate marketing and domain parking. Internet domains were perceived as an alternate asset class for investment diversification.

Diversification (finance)
In finance, diversification is the process of allocating capital in a way that reduces the exposure to any one particular asset or risk.  A common path towards diversification is to reduce risk or volatility by investing in a variety of assets. If asset prices do not change in perfect synchrony, a diversified portfolio will have less variance than the weighted average variance of its constituent assets, and often less volatility than the least volatile of its constituents.

Diversification is one of two general techniques for reducing investment risk. The other is hedging.
Maryland Route 422
Maryland Route 422 (MD 422) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known as Bayard Road, the highway runs 3.04 miles (4.89 km) from Polling House Road near Lothian east to MD 2 and MD 408 at Lothian in southern Anne Arundel County. MD 422 was constructed in the late 1920s.

Lothian, Maryland
Lothian is an unincorporated community in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. 12 miles southwest of Annapolis, 24 miles east of Washington and 31 miles south of Baltimore. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 6,643 people.

Public Schools: Lothian Elementary, Southern Middle, and Southern Senior.

Members of Congress: U.S. Senators Chris Van Hollen and Angela Alsobrooks; U.S. Representative Steny Hoyer (D-Md.-5th District).

State Representatives:  State Representative Robert A. Costa (Maryland House of Delegates District 33B) (see Map of District 33B); Md State Senator Edward R. Reilly.
Lynn Schneemeyer
Lynn F. Schneemeyer (born c. 1952) is a former professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and former Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, College of Science and Mathematics at Montclair State University. Prior to that, Dr. Schneemeyer served as Vice Provost for Research and Graduate Education at Rutgers-Newark, and as National Science Foundation Program Officer for the Chemistry Division from 2002 to 2005. Dr. Schneemeyer's publications have appeared in numerous academic journals, including Solid State Sciences, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Journal of Materials Research, and Nature. Awards include being named the 2003-2004 Sylvia M. Stoesser Lecturer in Chemistry.

Sylvia M. Stoesser Lecturer in Chemistry
The Sylvia M. Stoesser Lecture series was established in 2000 by the Department of Chemistry at the University of Illinois.  It is supported by alumna Yulan Tong and by Dow AgroSciences.  It is named after the first woman chemist to work at Dow, Sylvia M. Stoesser.  The lectureship is given every two years to "an individual who has made outstanding contributions to the chemical community and provides new perspectives in the chemical field outside academia."
Lapurr Sandstone
The Lapurr Sandstone, also spelled Lapur Sandstone, previously considered part of the informal "Turkana Grits", is a geological formation in Kenya (Turkana County). It is the oldest unit in the Turkana Basin. The strata date back to the Late Cretaceous, likely Campanian to Maastrichtian, based on palynology and the presence of dyrosaurs and mosasaurs, the upper part of the unit likely extends into the Palaeogene, based on zircon dating. It predominantly consists of fine-coarse arkosic sandstone, which has been interpreted as either been deposited in fluvial or shallow marine conditions. Dinosaur remains among other vertebrates have been recovered from it around Lokitaung Gorge, though these mostly consist of heavily abraded, isolated bones of robust morphology like sauropod limb bones and caudal vertebrae.

Arkose
Arkose (/ˈɑːrkoʊs, -koʊz/) or arkosic sandstone is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. Arkosic sand is sand that is similarly rich in feldspar, and thus the potential precursor of arkose.
Spinning Top (EP)
Spinning Top is the ninth extended play by the South Korean boy band Got7. It was released by JYP Entertainment and Dreamus on May 20, 2019. It peaked at No. 1 on the Gaon Album chart, and No. 5 on the US World Albums chart. It sold 314,948 units in South Korea at the end of 2019, becoming the 18th best selling album of the year, and was certified platinum by KMCA on July 11, 2019. The group followed it up with a world tour from June 15, 2019, visiting 16 cities in Asia, North America, Europe, Latin America and Oceania.

JYP Entertainment
JYP Entertainment Corporation (Korean: JYP 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment and record label conglomerate founded in 1997 by J.Y. Park. Operating as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management company, concert production company and music publishing house, it is one of the largest entertainment companies in South Korea. The company also operates subsidiary ventures and divisions internationally.
Nik Mohamad Abduh
Nik Mohamad Abduh bin Nik Abdul Aziz (Jawi: نئ محمد عبده نئ عبدالعزيز‎; born 22 March 1970) is a Malaysian politician who has served as a Senator since July 2023. He was the Chairman of the South Kelantan Development Authority (KESEDAR) from May 2020 to June 2023 and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Bachok from May 2018 to November 2022 and for Pasir Mas from May 2013 to May 2018. He is a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) and formerly Gagasan Sejahtera (GS) and Pakatan Rakyat (PR) coalitions. He is the son of Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat, the former Menteri Besar of Kelantan and former Spiritual Leader of PAS. He was the Youth Chief of PAS from June 2015 to April 2017.

Pasir Mas (federal constituency)
Pasir Mas is a federal constituency in Pasir Mas District, Kelantan, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1955 to 1959 and 1974 to present. Pasir Mas is between Rantau Panjang and Kota Bharu.

The federal constituency was created in the 1955 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.
Petri Purho
Petri Purho (born 1983 in Kouvola, Finland) is a Finnish game developer and a cofounder of the game studio Nolla Games. He maintained his independent studio 'Kloonigames', and has previously also worked at Finnish independent video game developer studio Frozenbyte. He is best-known for the roguelite Noita and the puzzler Crayon Physics Deluxe, which won the Seumas McNally Grand Prize at the Independent Games Festival in 2008.

Purho initially made a name for himself as a rapid game prototyper. Almost all of his early games were created within one week as a massive prototyping project. Most common element of these prototypes are various bonuses for successful combos and/or chain reactions. These games were mainly created using open-source technologies.

Frozenbyte
Frozenbyte, Inc. (natively Frozenbyte Oy) is a Finnish video game developer founded in 2001 and based in Helsinki. As of October 2025, it had approximately 80 employees.

The Trine series has been Frozenbyte's flagship franchise and has sold over 15 million copies worldwide as of 2022, with releases across PC and multiple console platforms.
Purin Phanichphant
Purin Phanichphant (born 1984 in Crown Point, Indiana) is an American contemporary artist and designer who is known for his interactive installations. Phanichphant began his artistic career in product design in 2006 and then interactive art in 2014. Because of this unique background, his work combines buttons, knobs, screens, and a touch of code, which often result in interactive experiences for audiences. His work has been featured in museums, galleries and venues around the United States, Japan, and Iceland.

Crown Point, Indiana
Crown Point is a city in and the county seat of Lake County, Indiana, United States. The population was 34,884 per the 2023 American Community Survey. The city was incorporated in 1868. On October 31, 1834, Solon Robinson and his family became the first settlers to an area that later became Crown Point. Due to its location, Crown Point is known as the "Hub of Lake County".

The city is surrounded by Merrillville to the north, Winfield to the east, Cedar Lake to the southwest, St. John to the west, and unincorporated Schererville to the northwest. The southern and southwestern parts of Crown Point border some unincorporated areas of Lake County.
Co-ownership
Co-ownership is a legal concept in a business where two or more co-owners share the legal ownership of property.

For the concept of co-ownership in different legal codes, see:

Concurrent estate, for co-ownership in the common law system

Co-ownership (association football), for co-ownership of a player in association football (compartecipazione in Italy)

Co-ownership (association football)
Co-ownership is a system whereby two football clubs own the contract of a player jointly, although the player is only registered to play for one club. It is not a universal system, but is used in some countries, including Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. It was formerly commonplace in Italy, though the practice has now been abolished there.

This type of deal differs from third-party ownership, in that in the latter, the player's contract is owned by a non-footballing entity, such as a management company.
Zachrisson
Zachrisson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Inger Zachrisson (born 1936), Swedish archaeologist

Julio Zachrisson (1930–2011), Panamanian printmaker

Li Zachrisson (born 1986), Swedish singer known professionally as Lykke Li

Mattias Zachrisson (born 1990), Swedish handball player

Vendela Zachrisson (born 1978), Swedish sailor

Mattias Zachrisson
Mattias Zachrisson (born 22 August 1990) is a Swedish former handball who played for Füchse Berlin and the Swedish national team.

He has competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics, where Sweden has got to the final.
Thelcticopis
Thelcticopis is a genus of huntsman spiders that occurs almost exclusively in the area India to Japan to New Guinea and Fiji. Two geographically outlying species, T. humilithorax (Simon, 1909) from Gabon (originally said as the "French Congo") and T. truculenta Karsch, 1884 from São Tomé and Príncipe are both probably misplaced in this genus.

Another species originally described from Costa Rica was suggested to belong to the genus by Jäger, 2005 as Thelcticopis pestai (Reimoser, 1939), but later revised as Decaphora pestai (Reimoser, 1939), by Rheims & Alayón, 2014.

This genus is distinguished by the abdomen narrowing behind and ending in terminal spinnerets which are borne on a tubular stalk separated at the base by a membranous ring. They are often brownish-red, the abdomen is either of uniform color or shows paired spots. However, some species are black, yellow or green.

Opisthosoma
The opisthosoma is the posterior part of the body in some arthropods, behind the prosoma (cephalothorax). It is a distinctive feature of the subphylum Chelicerata (arachnids, horseshoe crabs and others). It is similar in most respects to an abdomen (and is often referred to as such).
Figino Serenza
Figino Serenza (Brianzöö: Figin [fiˈdʒĩː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Milan and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) southeast of Como. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,842 and an area of 4.9 km2.

Figino Serenza borders the following municipalities: Cantù, Carimate, Mariano Comense, Novedrate.

Brianzöö dialect
Brianzöö (modern orthography) or Brianzoeu (historical orthography) is a group of variants (Prealpine and Western Lombard – macromilanese) of the Western variety of the Lombard language, spoken in the region of Brianza.
Megophrys glandulosa
Xenophrys glandulosa, the glandular horned toad or Jingdong spadefoot toad is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae found in Yunnan in China, in Nagaland in northeastern India, and in northern Kachin State, Myanmar. It has recently been reported from Bhutan. Its type locality is Mount Wuliang in Jingdong County, Yunnan.
Its natural habitats are tropical moist montane forests and rivers.

Kachin State
Kachin State (Burmese: ကချင်ပြည်နယ်; Kachin: Jinghpaw Mungdaw) is the northernmost state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet and Yunnan, respectively), Shan State to the south, and Sagaing Region and India (Arunachal Pradesh) to the west. It lies between north latitude 23° 27' and 28° 25' longitude 96° 0' and 98° 44'. The area of Kachin State is 89,041 km2 (34,379 sq mi). The capital of the state is Myitkyina. Other important towns include Bhamo, Mohnyin and Putao.

Kachin State has Myanmar's highest mountain, Hkakabo Razi at 5,889 metres (19,321 ft), forming the southern tip of the Himalayas, and a large inland lake, Indawgyi Lake. It also has the most national parks of any administrative division in Myanmar, that being three.
Anna Kosnyreva
Anna Kosnyreva (born (1986-07-10)10 July 1986) is a Russian female volleyball player. She was part of the Russia women's national volleyball team.

She participated in the 2004 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix. Russia finished in 7th place. In 2005, Kosnyreva was Russia's team captain at the under 20 World championship. At club level, Kosnyreva played for Uralochka, Russia in 2004.

Russia women's national volleyball team
The Russia women's national volleyball team is governed by the Russian Volleyball Federation and participated in international volleyball competitions. They played from 1949 to 1991 as the Soviet Union and as the CIS in 1992.

In response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Volleyball Federation suspended all Russian national teams, clubs, and officials, as well as beach and snow volleyball athletes, from all events. The European Volleyball Confederation (CEV) also banned all Russian national teams, clubs, and officials from participating in European competition, and suspended all members of Russia from their respective functions in CEV organs.
Dryocosmus
Dryocosmus are a genus of gall wasps. They are cyclically parthenogenetic insects that induce galls on plants in the family Fagaceae.

According to recent studies, the genus includes some species previously considered as belonging to the genus Chilaspis, whereas Dryocosmus favus should be excluded of the genus. Dryocosmus and Chilaspis are closely related to the other oak gall wasp taxa (Aphelonyx, Plagiotrochus, Pseudoneuroterus, Trichagalma, and some Neuroterus species)

Dryocosmus kuriphilus is an invasive species in Europe and North America (originating from Asia) that endangers the chestnut trees.

Chestnut
Chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus Castanea, in the beech family Fagaceae. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.