hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
American Drum Horse
The American Drum Horse is a modern American breed of heavy horse of draft type. It is based on, and named for, the drum horse of the Life Guards of the British Royal Household Cavalry, which carries the kettle-drummer and large silver kettle-drums, and is usually a Clydesdale or Shire, and often either piebald or skewbald.: 43  Other regiments have drum-horses of other colors and breeds.

The American Drum Horse may be of any color, with a preference for pinto patterns.: 434  It usually derives mainly from cross-breeding of Clydesdale, Gypsy Cob and Shire stock.: 434  It may be registered with the International Drum Horse Association or with the Gypsy Cob and Drum Horse Association. In 2017 it was not among the forty-four horse breeds reported by the National Animal Germplasm Program of the USDA Agricultural Research Service to the DAD-IS database of the FAO.

Gypsy horse
The Gypsy Cob, also known as the Traditional Gypsy Cob, Irish Cob, Romani Cob, Gypsy Horse, or Gypsy Vanner, is a breed of domestic horse from the British Isles. It is a small, solidly-built horse of cob conformation and is usually piebald. It is associated with Irish Travellers and English Romanichal Travellers. There was no stud-book or breed registry for these horses until 1996,: 58  but as breeders developed standards and recorded pedigrees, there are now organizations that register qualifying horses.: 58 .

From about 1850, travelling people in the British Isles began to use this horse to pull their caravans called vardos. The color and look of the breed were refined in the years after the Second World War. Horses of this type were first exported to the United States in 1996.
Conde Só Brega
Ivanildo Marques da Silva (Recife, November 15, 1954), better known by his stage name Conde Só Brega or Conde, is a Brazilian singer and songwriter.

The artist is known for being the lead singer of the band O Conde & Banda Só Brega, which released hits of brega music in Pernambuco between the 1990s and 2000s.

Brega
Brega /ˈbreɪɡə/, also known as Mersa Brega or Marsa al-Brega (Arabic: مرسى البريقة Marsā al Burayqah, i.e. "Brega Seaport"), is a complex of several smaller towns, industry installations and education establishments situated in Libya on the Gulf of Sidra, the most southerly point of the Mediterranean Sea. It is located in the former Ajdabiya District, which in 2007 was merged into the Al Wahat District. The town is the center of Libya's second-largest hydro-carbon complex.

During the First Libyan Civil War, the town quickly fell to the Libyan opposition. Government forces attempted to capture the town on 2 March but were repelled; their attack on 13 March was successful, though rebels later recaptured it on 26 March. In April the rebels were again driven out of Brega, and a several-month long stalemate ensued. On 11 August 2011, the rebels claimed they had retaken the eastern part of Brega.
Betty Swords
Betty Swords (1917–2005) was an American cartoonist whose work appeared in the Saturday Evening Post, Redbook, Good Housekeeping, Ladies Home Journal, Changing Times, and others, usually using her own gags but sometimes from other writers. She also wrote gags for Dennis the Menace and others. Her humorous writing appeared in McCall’s, Modern Maturity, The Christian Science Monitor, and others.

Swords was raised in Oakland, California, earned her Bachelor of Fine Arts at University of California, Berkeley and did graduate work the San Francisco Academy of Advertising Art.

McCall's
McCall's was a monthly American women's magazine, published by the McCall Corporation, that enjoyed great popularity through much of the 20th century, peaking at a readership of 8.4 million in the early 1960s. The publication was established as a small-format magazine called The Queen in 1873. In 1897 it was renamed McCall's Magazine—The Queen of Fashion (later shortened to McCall's) and subsequently grew in size to become a large-format glossy. It was one of the "Seven Sisters" group of women's service magazines.

McCall's published fiction by such well-known authors as Alice Adams, Lester Atwell, Ray Bradbury, Gelett Burgess, Willa Cather, Jack Finney, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Barbara Garson, John Steinbeck, Tim O'Brien, Tony J. Caridi, Anne Tyler and Kurt Vonnegut.
Entognatha
The Entognatha (from Ancient Greek ἐντός (entós), meaning "inside", and γνάθος (gnáthos), meaning "jaw") are a class of wingless and ametabolous arthropods, which, together with the insects, makes up the subphylum Hexapoda. Their mouthparts are entognathous, meaning that they are retracted within the head, unlike the insects. Entognatha are apterous, meaning that they lack wings. The class contains three orders: Collembola (springtails, 9000 species), Diplura ("two-tail", 1000 species) and Protura ("first-tail", 800 species). These three groups were historically united with the now-obsolete order Thysanura to form the subclass Apterygota, but it has since been recognized that these orders might not be closely related, and Entognatha and Apterygota are now both considered to be paraphyletic groups.

Arthropod mouthparts
The mouthparts of arthropods have evolved into a number of forms, each adapted to a different style or mode of feeding.  Most mouthparts are modified pairs of appendages, which in ancestral forms would have appeared more like legs than mouthparts, being less-specialized or "primitive". In general, arthropods have mouthparts for cutting, chewing, piercing, sucking, shredding, siphoning, and filtering. This article outlines the basic elements of four arthropod-groups: Insects, myriapods, crustaceans, and chelicerates. Insects are used as the model, with the novel mouthparts of the other groups introduced in turn. Insects are however not the ancestral form of the other arthropods discussed here; they are not the basalmost arthropods. In different types of arthropods, jointed appendages around the mouth are modified in different ways and form mouth parts.
JCSAT-3
JCSAT-3 was a geostationary communications satellite designed and manufactured by Hughes (now Boeing) on the HS-601 satellite bus. It was originally ordered by JSAT Corporation, which later merged into the SKY Perfect JSAT Group. It has a mixed Ku-band and C-band payload and operated on the 128° East longitude until it was replaced by JCSAT-3A.

SKY Perfect JSAT
The SKY Perfect JSAT Group is a Japanese corporate group that claims to be Asia's largest satellite communication and multi-channel pay TV company. It owns the SKY PerfecTV! satellite broadcasting service and the SKY Perfect Well Think content studio, among other businesses.

SKY Perfect JSAT Holdings Inc. (株式会社スカパーJSATホールディングス, Kabushiki-gaisha Sukapā JSAT Holdings) (TYO: 9412) is the holding company for the group, and holds 100% of the shares of SKY Perfect JSAT Corporation (スカパーJSAT株式会社, Sukapā JSAT Kabushiki-gaisha), the group's main operating company.
Dayton-Williams House
Dayton-Williams House is a historic home located at Middle Granville in Washington County, New York.  It was built about 1820 and is a two-story, five-bay, center entrance, gable end brick building.  It is in the Federal style. Also on the property is a retaining wall of fieldstone and slate and the foundation of a dwelling house built to house railroad workers in the 19th century.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Middle Granville, New York
Middle Granville is a hamlet in Granville, Washington County, New York, United States. The community is located at the intersection of New York State Route 22 and New York State Route 22A 2.1 miles (3.4 km) northwest of the village of Granville. Middle Granville has a post office with ZIP code 12849.
SS Japara (1930)
SS Japara was a freighter of 3,323 GRT built by Mach. Fabr. & Scheepswerf P. Smit Jr., Rotterdam in 1930 and operated by Koninklijke Paketvaart-Maatschappij (KPM) in the Dutch East Indies trade. The 1930 Japara was operating with the United States Army permanent local fleet of the U.S. Army Forces in Australia (USAFIA) from 1942 until 1945 even while the larger ship, 9,312 GRT MS Japara (1938), was active in Army service oceanwide. Japara of 1930 played an important logistics role in the New Guinea Campaign.

Milne Bay
Milne Bay is a large bay in Milne Bay Province, south-easternmost Papua New Guinea. More than 35 km (22 mi) long and over 15 km (9 mi) wide, Milne Bay is a sheltered deep-water harbor accessible via Ward Hunt Strait. It is surrounded by the heavily wooded Stirling Range to the north and south, and on the northern shore, a narrow coastal strip, soggy with sago and mangrove swamps. The bay is named after Sir Alexander Milne.
Austin Peay Governors baseball
The Austin Peay Governors baseball team is the varsity intercollegiate athletic team of the Austin Peay State University in Clarksville, Tennessee, United States. The team competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I and are members of the Atlantic Sun Conference.

Austin Peay began play for baseball in 1931 as the fourth sport offered by the university. It stopped from 1940 to 1947 due to World War II. They played in the Volunteer State Athletic Conference until 1963, when they joined the NCAA and the Ohio Valley Conference. In 2023, they became a member of the Atlantic Sun Conference.

Austin Peay has made the NCAA Division I baseball tournament six times. They have gone 6-12 in NCAA tournament games, reaching the Regional Final twice.

Austin Peay State University
Austin Peay State University (APSU; /piː/) is a public university in Clarksville, Tennessee, United States. Standing on a site occupied by a succession of educational institutions since 1845, the precursor of the university was established in 1927 and named for then-sitting Governor Austin Peay, who is further honored with "Governors", the name of the university's athletic teams. Affiliated with the Tennessee Board of Regents, it is now governed by the Austin Peay State University Board of Trustees as of May 2017. The university is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) and, in 2012, was the fastest-growing university in Tennessee. In 2025, Austin Peay State University hit 11,185 registered students for the fall semester.
MNP
MNP can stand for:

Manipur, a state in northeastern India (postal code)

Magnetic nanoparticles

Manor Park railway station, a National Rail station in England

2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane

Microcom Networking Protocol, for modems

MNP LLP (Meyers Norris Penny) - a Canadian accounting firm headquartered in Calgary, Alberta

Mobile number portability, of telephone numbers

National Museum, Poznań

National Order Party (Milli Nizam Partisi), Turkey

Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (Milieu en Natuur Planbureau)

Northern Mariana Islands, in the Pacific

Northern Min, a Chinese language

MNP LLP
MNP (previously known as Meyers Norris Penny) is one of the largest full-service chartered professional accountancy and business advisory firms in Canada. MNP's head office is in Calgary, Alberta, and has offices from Vancouver Island to St. John's. MNP's 127 offices span across all 10 provinces, but it does not have locations in the territories of Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. With 8,000+ employees, MNP is the third largest professional service firms in Canada by headcount.
Emund Eriksson
Emund Eriksson (?-c. 970) (English: Edmund) was a Swedish king whose historicity is only known from a single source, the Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum which was written by Adam of Bremen in c. 1075.

Swedes (tribe)
The Swedes (Swedish: svear; Old Norse: svíar, Old English: Swēon) were a North Germanic tribe who inhabited Svealand ("land of the Swedes") in central Sweden. Along with Geats and Gutes, they were one of the progenitor groups of modern Swedes.

The Roman historian Tacitus was the first to write about the tribe in his Germania from AD 98, referring to them as the Suiones. Locally, they are possibly first mentioned by the Kylver Stone in the 4th century. Jordanes, in the 6th century, mentions Suehans and Suetidi. These names likely derive from the Proto-Indo-European root *s(w)e, meaning "one's own". Beowulf mentions the Swedes around 1000 A.D.

According to early sources such as the sagas, especially Heimskringla, the Swedes were a powerful tribe whose kings claimed descendence from the god Freyr. During the Viking Age they constituted the basis of the Varangian subset, the Norsemen that travelled eastwards (see Rus' people).
Danish European Constitution referendum
The Danish referendum on the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe was a planned referendum to be held on 27 September 2005, that would have put the proposed Constitution to the voters of Denmark for ratification.  However, after voters voted down the Constitution in both the French and Dutch referendums before the Danish vote could take place, Danish prime minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen indicated that the referendum would be cancelled. On 24 April 2008 the Danish parliament ratified the Treaty's successor, the Treaty of Lisbon, without a referendum.

A November 2004 opinion poll indicated that 49% of Danes were expected to vote in favour of the Constitution, with 26% opposing.

Ratification
Ratification is a principal's legal confirmation of an act of its agent. In international law, ratification is the process by which a state declares its consent to be bound to a treaty. In the case of bilateral treaties, ratification is usually accomplished by exchanging the requisite instruments, and in the case of multilateral treaties, the usual procedure is for the depositary to collect the ratifications of all states, keeping all parties informed of the situation.

The institution of ratification grants states the necessary time-frame to seek the required approval for the treaty on the domestic level and to enact the necessary legislation to give domestic effect to that treaty. The term applies to private contract law, international treaties, and constitutions in federal states such as the United States and Canada. The term is also used in parliamentary procedure in deliberative assemblies.
Arlington Fly-In
The Arlington Fly-In, also known as the Arlington Air Show, is an annual airshow hosted in Arlington, Washington at the Arlington Municipal Airport (IATA airport code AWO). Thousands of general aviation pilots fly in from around the country and camp for up to four days, many showing their aircraft for judging.

The Northwest Fly-In is the third largest in the nation, after Oshkosh's EAA AirVenture Oshkosh and Lakeland's Sun N' Fun.

Until 2008, the event was known as the Northwest EAA Fly-In. It was moved from July to August in 2019 because of scheduling issues with other city events.

Air show
An air show (or airshow, air fair, air tattoo) is a public event where aircraft are exhibited. They often include aerobatics demonstrations, without which they are called "static air shows" with aircraft parked on the ground.

The largest air show measured by number of exhibitors and size of exhibit space is Le Bourget, followed by Farnborough, with the Dubai Airshow and Singapore Airshow both claiming third place. The largest air show or fly-in by number of participating aircraft is EAA AirVenture Oshkosh, with approximately 10,000 aircraft participating annually. The biggest military airshow in the world is the Royal International Air Tattoo, at RAF Fairford in the United Kingdom. On the other hand, FIDAE in II Air Brigade of the FACH, next to the Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport in Santiago, Chile, is the largest aerospace fair in Latin America and the Southern Hemisphere.
Brian Shimer
Brian Shimer (born April 20, 1962) is an American bobsledder who competed from 1985 to 2002. Competing in five Winter Olympics, he won the bronze medal in the four-man event at Salt Lake City in 2002.

Shimer also won three bronze medals at the FIBT World Championships with one in the two-man event (1997) and two in the four-man event (1993, 1997).

He won the 1992–3 Bobsleigh World Cup championships both in the four-man and the combined men's events.

Shimer retired after the 2002 Winter Olympics and became head coach of the US men's bobsleigh team. After the United States Bobsled and Skeleton Federation changed its coaching structure in May 2014 Shimer became head coach for both the men's and women's teams.

FIBT World Championships 1997
The FIBT World Championships 1997 took place in St. Moritz, Switzerland (Bobsleigh) and Lake Placid, New York, United States (Skeleton). St. Moritz hosted a championship event for the record eighteenth time. The Swiss city had hosted the event previously in 1931 (Four-man), 1935 (Four-man), 1937 (Four-man), 1938 (Two-man), 1939 (Two-man), 1947, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1965, 1970, 1974, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1989 (Skeleton), and 1990 (Bobsleigh). Meanwhile, Lake Placid hosted a championship event for the seventh time, having previously done so in 1949, 1961, 1969, 1973, 1978, and 1983.
Lagrangian Grassmannian
In mathematics, the Lagrangian Grassmannian is the smooth manifold of Lagrangian subspaces of a real symplectic vector space V. Its dimension is ⁠1/2⁠n(n + 1) (where the dimension of V is 2n). It may be identified with the homogeneous space

U(n)/O(n),

where U(n) is the unitary group and O(n) the orthogonal group. Following Vladimir Arnold it is denoted by Λ(n). The Lagrangian Grassmannian is a submanifold of the ordinary Grassmannian of V.

A  complex Lagrangian Grassmannian is the complex homogeneous manifold of Lagrangian subspaces of a complex  symplectic vector space V of dimension 2n. It may be identified with the homogeneous space of complex dimension ⁠1/2⁠n(n + 1)

Sp(n)/U(n),

where Sp(n) is the compact symplectic group.

Fundamental group
In the mathematical  field of algebraic topology, the fundamental group of a topological space is the group of the equivalence classes under homotopy of the loops contained in the space. It records information about the basic shape, or holes, of the topological space. The fundamental group is the first and simplest homotopy group. The fundamental group is a homotopy invariant—topological spaces that are homotopy equivalent (or the stronger case of homeomorphic) have isomorphic fundamental groups. The fundamental group of a topological space  is denoted by .
1999–2000 Oklahoma State Cowboys basketball team
The 1999–2000 Oklahoma State Cowboys basketball team represented Oklahoma State University as a member of the Big 12 Conference during the 1999–2000 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. They were led by 10th-year head coach Eddie Sutton and played their home games at Gallagher-Iba Arena in Stillwater, Oklahoma. They finished the season 27–7, 12–4 in Big 12 play to finish in a tie for third place. The Cowboys lost to Iowa State in the semifinals of the Big 12 tournament. The team received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as the No. 3 seed in the East region. Oklahoma State reached the Elite Eight after wins over Hofstra, Pepperdine, and Seton Hall, but lost in the regional final to Florida.

1999–2000 Hofstra Flying Dutchmen basketball team
The 1999–2000 Hofstra Flying Dutchmen basketball team represented Hofstra University from Hempstead, New York in the 1999–2000 season. Led by head coach Jay Wright, Hofstra finished with a record of 24–7, the best in the AEC, and won the AEC tournament. As a result of winning the tournament, Hofstra was invited to the NCAA tournament.

This was the final season that Hofstra's sports teams were known as the Flying Dutchmen and Flying Dutchwomen. In summer 2000, the school officially changed their nickname to the Pride.
Himachal Pradesh women's football team
The Himachal Pradesh women's football team is an Indian women's football team representing Himachal Pradesh in the Senior Women's National Football Championship. Their best performance at the Senior Women's National Football Championship was the quarter-final appearance at the 2019–20 edition.

Himachal Pradesh's junior team were the champions of the National Junior Girls' Football tournament 2019–20 held at Kolhapur.

2019–20 Senior Women's National Football Championship
The 2019–20 Senior Women's National Football Championship, also known as Hero Senior Women's National Football Championship for sponsorship reasons, was the 25th edition of the Senior Women's National Football Championship, the premier competition in India for women's teams representing regional and state football associations. The tournament was hosted in Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh, between 10 and 24 September 2019 at the Indira Gandhi Golden High School, Kiyit Secondary School and Daying Ering Football Stadium, Nari.

Manipur, who were the defending champions retained the title beating Railways 1–0 in the final. Manipur's Bala Devi, with 21 goals, was the highest scorer of the tournament. Her side's goalkeeper Panthoi Chanu was bestowed with the best goalkeeper award.
Verbascum lychnitis
Verbascum lychnitis, the white mullein, is a flowering plant in the figwort family (Scrophulariaceae) native to Asia and Europe. It has naturalized in parts of North America. The species was first formally named by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. Despite its common name, the flowers can be white or yellow.

It is a biennial  or short-lived perennial commonly found in disturbed areas.

Verbascum lychnitis can be distinguished from other species in the genus Verbascum by the sessile and non-clasping stem leaves with upper and lower surfaces differing in color; small, flowers that are separated (not as tightly bunched together as other mulleins); and the somewhat long flower stalks.  As with other Mulleins the leaves are clothed with dendritic hairs. In V. lychnitis, the hairs are very short, less than 0.2 mm, so as to appear stellate. The lower surface is much hairier than the upper.

It hybridizes with other mullein species , including V.nigrum, V.pulverentum and V.thapsus.

Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family.  The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs.  Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial  (actinomorphic) symmetry.  The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains.  The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.
Agnesta Lambert Kaiza
Agnesta Lambert Kaiza (born November 17, 1977) is a Tanzanian politician and a member of the CHADEMA political party. She was elected as a member of the Special Seats as women representative and serves as member of parliament since 2020.

Chadema
The Party for Democracy and Progress (Swahili: Chama cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo), commonly known as Chadema, is a centre-right political party in Tanzania. It was the second-largest political party in Tanzania and campaigns on regional autonomy of self-governing states in the country.