hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kaliakra Lighthouse
Kaliakra Lighthouse (Bulgarian: Калиакра морски фар) - a lighthouse located in the Southern Dobruja Region on the northern part of Bulgaria's coast of the Black Sea; in Bulgaria. The cylindrical stone lighthouse was built in 1901, with a lantern and gallery rising from the top of the lighthouse keeper's house; both painted white.

Southern Dobruja
Southern Dobruja or South Dobruja (Bulgarian: Южна Добруджа, romanized: Yuzhna Dobrudzha or simply Добруджа, Dobrudzha; Romanian: Dobrogea de Sud or Dobrogea Nouă, lit. 'New Dobruja'), also the Quadrilateral (Romanian: Cadrilater), is an area of north-eastern Bulgaria comprising Dobrich and Silistra provinces, part of the historical region of Dobruja. It has an area of 7,412 square km and a population of 358,000.

It is historically noteworthy as a point of contention in Bulgarian-Romanian relations. Part of Bulgaria between 1878 and 1913, the region was annexed by Romania in the Treaty of Bucharest (1913), targeted by Bulgaria during World War I (1914–18), and subsequently remained Romanian until 1940, when Bulgaria regained control in the Treaty of Craiova, which went along with a compulsory population exchange. Southern Dobruja has been part of Bulgaria since 1940.
Horror vacui
Horror vacui can refer to:

Horror vacui (art), a concept in art approximately translated from Latin fear of empty spaces

Horror vacui (philosophy), a philosophical theory about physics

Horror Vacui (film), a 1984 German satirical film

Horror Vacui (album), by Linea 77

Horror Vacui, a composition by Jonny Greenwood

Horror Vacui (film)
Horror Vacui (German: Horror Vacui - Die Angst vor der Leere)  is a 1984 German avant-garde film directed by Rosa von Praunheim.

The film was shown at international film festivals and in 1985 at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.
Sinking Fund Commission
The Sinking Fund Commission was a sinking fund commission that was created on August 12, 1790 by the United States Congress to control the disbursement of funds that Congress had already allocated to repay the national debt. The commission was composed of five members: the President of the Senate, the Secretary of State, the Chief Justice, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Attorney General. The board members voted to make purchases of the national debt using surplus from import taxes. If at least three board members said yes, or a majority if not all the board members were present, the President had to approve the purchase. After a few years of existence, the Secretary of the Treasury started to make all the decisions. For some time after that, the Secretary of the Treasury began making purchases without approval from the president, and the commission disbanded in 1836.

Treasury
A treasury is either:

a government department related to finance and taxation, a finance ministry; in a business context, corporate treasury

a place or location where treasure, such as currency or precious items are kept. These can be  state or royal property, church treasure or in private ownership.

The head of a treasury is typically known as a treasurer. This position may not necessarily have the final control over the actions of the treasury, particularly if they are not an elected representative.

The adjective for a treasury is normally "treasurial". The adjective "tresorial" can also be used, but this normally means pertaining to a treasurer.
Balmoral railway station
Balmoral railway station is located in the townland of Ballygammon in south Belfast, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The station opened on 1 November 1858. The platform was extended by 45 metres in 1870 and the station has been unstaffed since October 1966.

It is located near the King's Hall, an exhibition and concert venue and home of the Royal Ulster Agricultural Society.

King's Hall, Belfast
The King's Hall  was a multi-purpose venue located in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The King's Hall consisted of 6 event venues. The King's Hall is owned by the Royal Ulster Agricultural Society (RUAS) (previously the North East Agricultural Association of Ireland), who moved to the venue in 1896 from their previous showgrounds in Belfast Corporation Markets area. The RUAS moved out in 2012 and the venue was being re-developed as of 2021.
Alfred Mahlau
Alfred Mahlau (21 June 1894 in Berlin – 22 January 1967), German painter, illustrator and teacher. He was best known for his graphical work and illustrations, and for the large stained glass window, Dance of Death, in the Lübeck Marienkirche (St. Mary's Church in Lübeck), which paid homage to a famous mural of the Dance of Death in the church that was destroyed in the bombing of Lübeck during World War II.  His books include a number of works with paintings and drawings of Hamburg and the Hamburg port. The product design for Niederegger from the twenties is still in use.

Among his students were Horst Janssen, Vicco von Bülow, and Chinese-German artist Dr Chow Chung-cheng. His work is collected by the Busch-Reisinger Museum, among others.

Chow Chung-cheng
Chow Chung-cheng (Chinese: 周仲铮; pinyin: Zhōu Zhòngzhēng; July 20, 1908 in Yanping, Fujian – August 31, 1996 in Bonn, Germany) was a Chinese artist known for her finger painting and autobiographical books.
2015 Indonesian Film Festival
The 35th Indonesian Film Festival ceremony took place on 23 November 2015 at the Indonesia Convention Exhibition, South Tangerang, Indonesia, to honor the achievement in Indonesian cinema of 2015. The ceremony was held in tribute to Indonesian director Teguh Karya, therefore it was held in Karya's birth province, Banten. It was broadcast on NET. for the first time and hosted by television presenter Sarah Sechan.

Drama film Siti won the Best Picture, alongside two other awards. It tied with A Copy of My Mind and Guru Bangsa: Tjokroaminoto. Other winners include Filosofi Kopi and The Golden Cane Warrior with two, The Crescent Moon, The Fox Exploits the Tiger's Might, GWK, Mendadak Caleg, Supernova, Tino Sidin Sang Guru Gambar, and Toba Dreams with one. Cinematographer and Karya's frequent collaborator George Kamarullah was honored with the Lifetime Achievement Award.

Citra Award for Best Picture
The Citra Award for Best Picture (Indonesian: Film Cerita Panjang Terbaik) is an award given at the Indonesian Film Festival (FFI) to the best feature film of the year. The Citra Awards, described by Screen International as "Indonesia's equivalent to the Oscars", are the country's most prestigious film awards and are intended to recognize achievements in films as well as to draw public interest to the film industry.

The drama On Your Lap is the most recent winner at the 2025 ceremony.
International Committee of the Red Cross archives
The archives of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) are based in Geneva and were founded in 1863 at the time of the ICRC's inception. It has the dual function to manage both current records and historical archives. The general historical archives are openly accessible to the general public up to 1975.

Along with the ICRC Library, the archives are widely considered to be the greatest repository for records on International humanitarian law (IHL). They have been dubbed by the Swiss writer Nicolas Bouvier as "the storehouses of sorrow". They preserve the memory of many millions of victims of armed conflicts as "a legacy for mankind".

Public
In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the Öffentlichkeit or public sphere.

The concept of a public has also been defined in political science, psychology, marketing, and advertising.  In public relations and communication science, it is one of the more ambiguous concepts in the field.

Although it has definitions in the theory of the field that have been formulated from the early 20th century onward, in more recent years it has suffered from being blurred, as a result of conflation of the idea of a public with the notions of audience, market segment, community, constituency, and stakeholder.
MV Bermuda
MS Bermuda (frequently erroneously referred to as MV Bermuda) was an ocean liner that Furness, Withy's Furness Bermuda Line operated between New York and Bermuda from 1928 until 1931.

She was damaged by two fires in 1931, the second of which put her beyond economic repair. In 1933 she was being towed to be scrapped when she broke adrift, ran ashore and was wrecked.

Bermuda has been referred to as the unluckiest liner ever built or ever to go afloat.

Port of New York and New Jersey
The Port of New York and New Jersey is the port district of the New York–Newark metropolitan area, encompassing a region within a 25-mile (40 km) radius of the Statue of Liberty National Monument.

It includes the system of navigable waterways in the New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary, which runs along over 770 miles (1,240 km) of shoreline in the vicinity of New York City and northeastern New Jersey, and is considered one of the largest natural harbors in the world.

Having long been the busiest port on the East Coast it became the busiest port by maritime cargo volume in the United States in 2022  and is a major economic engine for the region.

The region's airports make the port the nation's top gateway for international flights and its busiest center for overall passenger and air freight flights. There are two foreign-trade zones (FTZ) within the port.
Sokolov Basin
The Sokolov Basin or Falkenau Basin (Czech: Sokolovská pánev; German: Falkenauer Becken, formerly also Falkenau-Elbogen-Karlsbader Becken) is a structural basin and geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located in the central part of the Karlovy Vary Region. It is named after the town of Sokolov. It is known for its deposits of lignite, which has been extracted here to a greater extent since the second half of 19th century.

Geomorphological division of the Czech Republic
In terms of geomorphological division, the Czech Republic is a very diverse territory, located in the territory of four geomorphological provinces within four geomorphological subsystems. The Bohemian Massif within the sub-system of Hercynian Forest forms three quarters of the country. The southeastern and eastern part of the Czech territory belongs to the Western Carpathians within the Carpathian Mountains. The remaining two provinces, Western Pannonian Plain within the Pannonian Basin and North European Plain within the European Plain, cover only a small part of the Czech territory in the southeast and northeast.

The provinces are further subdivided into subprovinces, macroregions, mesoregions, microregions and areas. The generally accepted division of the relief of the Czech Republic into subprovinces, macroregions and mesoregions is given below.
Ansley Wilcox
Ansley Wilcox (January 27, 1856 – January 26, 1930) was an American scholar, Oxford graduate, prominent lawyer, civil service reform commissioner, New York political insider and friend of Theodore Roosevelt. After the assassination of William McKinley, on September 14, 1901, Vice President Roosevelt was sworn in as 26th president of the United States in the library of Wilcox's home at 641 Delaware Avenue in Buffalo, New York.

Scholarly method
The scholarly method or scholarship is the body of principles and practices used by scholars and academics to make their claims about their subjects of expertise. These principles and practices aim to ensure the validity and trustworthiness of the claims, and to disseminate them to the scholarly community. It comprises the methods that systemically advance the teaching, research, and practice of a scholarly or academic field of study through rigorous inquiry. Scholarship is creative, can be documented, can be replicated, or elaborated, and that can be and is peer reviewed through various methods. The scholarly method includes the subcategories of the scientific method, with which scientists use to bolster their claims, and the historical method, with which historians use to verify their claims.
NP/poly
In computational complexity theory, NP/poly is a complexity class, a non-uniform analogue of the class NP of problems solvable in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine. It is the non-deterministic complexity class corresponding to the deterministic class P/poly.

Circuit complexity
In theoretical computer science, circuit complexity is a branch of computational complexity theory in which Boolean functions are classified according to the size or depth of the Boolean circuits that compute them. A related notion is the circuit complexity of a recursive language that is decided by a uniform family of circuits  (see below).

Proving lower bounds on size of Boolean circuits computing explicit Boolean functions is a popular approach to separating complexity classes. For example, a prominent circuit class P/poly consists of Boolean functions computable by circuits of polynomial size. Proving that  would separate P and NP (see below).

Complexity classes defined in terms of Boolean circuits include AC0, AC, TC0, NC1, NC, and P/poly.
Mario Holek
Mario Holek (born 28 October 1986) is a retired Czech footballer who represented the Czech Republic national football team.

He started his career in his hometown of Brno in the Czech Republic playing for the local club 1. FC Brno, where he spent five seasons. In January 2008, Holek was transferred to Ukraine, to a Premier Division club Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk. In December 2011 he joined Sparta as a free agent. Later in his career he played for Dukla Prague and Příbram.

FK Dukla Prague
FK Dukla Prague (Czech: FK Dukla Praha) is a Czech association football club based in the Dejvice area of Prague. It currently plays in the Czech First League, the top flight of Czech club football.

The club played in local competitions between 2001 and 2007, when it gained entry to the country's second league. A four-year spell in the second league followed, culminating in the club winning the league in 2011 and being promoted to the Czech First League, where it remained until relegation in 2019. In 2024, they were promoted to the first league again.
Vita Anda Tērauda
Vita Anda Tērauda (born 19 May 1962) is a Latvian politician elected to the 13th Saeima. Born in the United States, she worked as a radio journalist for Voice of America in Washington, D.C. from 1984 to 1988. Moving to Latvia after the reestablishment of independence in 1991, Tērauda served as Minister for National Reform in the cabinet of Prime Minister Māris Gailis from 1994 to 1995. She is a member of the Development/For! alliance and chairs the European Affairs Committee in the current Saeima.

In 1983, Tērauda received a bachelor's degree in international relations from American University. In 1990, she earned a master's degree in international economics and Soviet politics at Johns Hopkins University.

Māris Gailis
Māris Gailis (born 9 July 1951) is a Latvian businessman and former politician. He is the former prime minister of Latvia, an office he held from September 1994 to December 1995. In the government of the Prime Minister Valdis Birkavs, Gailis became a Minister of State Reform; in the government of the Prime Minister Andris Šķēle, he was the Minister of Environmental Protection and Regional Development. As a member of the right-wing liberal political party Latvian Way, he was elected in the 5th Saeima and 6th Saeima. He led a round-the-globe expedition on the yacht Milda from 2001 to 2003.
Marián Palát
Marián Palát (born 1 June 1977) is a retired Czech football defender. Previously he played in Russia for FC Luch-Energia Vladivostok. Prior to that he played for FK Mladá Boleslav, helping the club reach the third qualifying round of the 2006–07 UEFA Champions League.

2006–07 UEFA Champions League
The 2006–07 UEFA Champions League was the 15th season of UEFA's premier European club football tournament, the UEFA Champions League, since it was rebranded from the European Cup, and the 52nd season overall. The final was contested by Milan and Liverpool on 23 May 2007. Beforehand, the match was billed as a repeat of the 2005 final, the only difference being that the 2007 final was to be played at the Olympic Stadium in Athens, Greece. Milan won the match 2–1 to claim their seventh European Cup, with both goals coming from Filippo Inzaghi. Dirk Kuyt scored for Liverpool.

Barcelona were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Liverpool in the first knockout round.
James Humphrey Hustis Sr.
James Humphrey Hustis Sr. (January 11, 1864 - September 18, 1942) was an American railroad executive.

He was born in New York City in 1864. At the age of 14, he began working for the New York Central Railroad at Grand Central Station. He worked in various other positions at the railroad, becoming Superintendent of the Harlem Division in 1900 and General Superintendent in 1907. In 1911 he was appointed Vice President of the Boston and Albany Railroad, which was part of the New York Central system.

He was President of the New Haven Railroad during 1913-1914, and then President of the Boston and Maine Railroad from 1914 to 1926. In 1927 he was President of Schenectady Railways, an interurban line. In 1929 he was appointed Vice President at New York Central.

Hustis died in White Plains, New York in 1942.

Boston and Albany Railroad
The Boston and Albany Railroad (reporting mark B&A) was a railroad connecting Boston, Massachusetts to Albany, New York, later becoming part of the New York Central Railroad system, Conrail, and CSX Transportation. The mainline is currently used by CSX for freight as the Berkshire Subdivision and Boston Subdivision. Norfolk Southern also has trackage rights to operate freight trains over the line. Passenger service is provided on the line by Amtrak, as part of their Lake Shore Limited service, and by the MBTA Commuter Rail system, which owns the section east of Worcester and operates it as its Framingham/Worcester Line.
William Waring Property
The William Waring Property is a historic building in Savannah, Georgia, United States. Located in the northwestern residential block of Wright Square, at 12 West State Street, it dates to 1825, making it the oldest extant building on the square. It was built for Dr. William R. Waring, a prominent Savannah physician.

In a survey for the Historic Savannah Foundation, Mary Lane Morrison found the building to be of significant status.

Mary Lane Morrison
Mary Lane Morrison (August 15, 1907 – July 16, 1994) was an American writer, historian and preservationist. She was the curator of the Georgia Historical Society, a member of the National Society of the Colonial Dames of America in the state of Georgia and was a director in The Victorian Society, founded in 1966. She also wrote John S. Norris: Architect in Savannah, on the architectural work of John S. Norris, and edited Historic Savannah: A Survey of Significant Buildings in the Historic and Victorian Districts of Savannah, Georgia.
Bruno Feldeisen
Bruno Feldeisen (born  1964 or 1965) is a French chef, restaurateur and television personality. He is current executive chef at the Semiahmoo Resort near Blaine, Washington and a judge for The Great Canadian Baking Show on CBC Television. Aside from his work as a chef, Feldeisen is a spokesman for the mental health advocacy group Anxiety Canada.

He is the former executive pastry chef for the Four Seasons Hotel New York in New York City and Four Seasons Hotel Vancouver in Vancouver. Feldeisen is also a former instructor at the Pacific Institute of Culinary Arts and a multiple James Beard Award nominee.

Pacific Institute of Culinary Arts
Pacific Institute of Culinary Arts, founded in 1996, is a privately run culinary school located at the entrance of Granville Island in Vancouver, British Columbia. The school is fully accredited by the Private Career Training Institutions Agency of British Columbia until 2014.
Raymar Morgan
Jeffery Raymar Morgan II (born August 8, 1988) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Science City Jena of the German ProA. He played college basketball at the Michigan State University.

Karşıyaka Basket
Karşıyaka Basket is a Turkish professional basketball team located in Karşıyaka, İzmir, that competes in the Turkish Basketball Super League. It is a section of the multi-sport club Karşıyaka SK. The team also goes by the name of KSK, which stands for Karşıyaka Spor Kulübü (i.e. Karşıyaka Sport Club).
Jackin' for Beats
Jackin' for Beats is the debut mixtape from rapper and actor O'Shea Jackson Jr. (OMG), son of the rapper Ice Cube. The 10-track mixtape was hosted by DJ Crazy Toones, the official DJ for Ice Cube and WC. OMG's debut was on his father's album I Am the West with his brother Doughboy. In this mixtape, OMG shows similarities to his father's tone, enunciation and humor, while adding his own vocals over some of the standout tracks of today.

WC (rapper)
William LaShawn Calhoun Jr. (born February 3, 1970), known professionally as WC (pronounced "dub-c"), is an American rapper and actor. He originally was a rapper of the group Low Profile and later formed his group WC and the Maad Circle, who first succeeded with the single "Ain't A Damn Thang Changed". He later started a solo career and has released four solo albums. He is also well known for being a member of the rap supergroup Westside Connection with fellow West Coast rappers Ice Cube and Mack 10.
Camille Piché
Camille Piché KC (April 27, 1865 – April 6, 1909) was a Canadian lawyer and politician.

Born in St-Gabriel-de-Brandon, Canada East, the son of P. C. Piche, a notary and Sophie Desparois dite Champagne, Piché was educated at the Jacques Cartier Normal School and at Laval University in Montreal where he received a Bachelor of Laws degree. A member of the Quebec Bar, he practiced as a lawyer in Montreal with his firm Piche & Mercier. He was made a King's Counsel by the Quebec Government in 1904. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the electoral district of St. Mary in the 1904 federal election. When a liberal appointed a Police Magistrate in Montreal, Piché was resigned in 1906.

Canada East
Canada East (French: Canada-Est) was the northeastern portion of the Province of Canada. Lord Durham's Report investigating the causes of the Upper and Lower Canada Rebellions recommended merging those two colonies. The new colony, known as the Province of Canada, was created by the Act of Union 1840 passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, having effect in 1841. For administrative purposes, the new Province was subdivided into Canada West and Canada East.  The former name of "Lower Canada" came back into official use in 1849, and as of Canadian Confederation of 1867 it formed the newly created province of Quebec.

An estimated 890,000 people lived in Canada East in 1851.
Cable and X-Force
Cable and X-Force was an ongoing comic book series published by Marvel Comics that began in February 2013, as part of Marvel NOW! The series finds Cable awakening after Avengers vs. X-Men and on the run with his new team of X-Force from the Uncanny Avengers. The series was replaced by X-Force Volume 4.

2013 in comics
Notable events of 2013 in comics. It includes any relevant comics-related events, deaths of notable comics-related people, conventions and first issues by title. For an overview of the year in Japanese comics, see 2013 in manga.