hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mentasta Pass
Mentasta Pass is a major mountain pass in Alaska, separating the Alaska Range on the west from the Mentasta Mountains on the east. Alaska Route 1 (the Glenn Highway) runs through the pass, connecting the Copper River Valley with the Alaska Highway.

Mentasta Pass is notable as the key col between Mount Logan (highpoint of Canada and the Saint Elias Mountains) and Denali (highpoint of the United States and the Alaska Range). Because of its relatively low elevation, Mount Logan's prominence is the 6th highest in the world, despite being relatively close to Denali.

Glenn Highway
The Glenn Highway (part of Alaska Route 1) is a highway in the U.S. state of Alaska, extending 179 miles (288 km) from Anchorage near Merrill Field to Glennallen on the Richardson Highway. The Tok Cut-Off is often considered part of the Glenn Highway, for a total length of 328 miles (528 km).
Dichogama prognealis
Dichogama prognealis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1895. It is found in Costa Rica and Ecuador.

The forewings are pearly-white with a large yellow patch at the anal angle. There is a series of four glossy bluish-black bands extending across the wing from the costal margin as far as the yellow colour, and there is a small round black spot at the anal angle. The inner margin is edged with black near the base. The hindwings are pale yellowish-white.

Herbert Druce
Herbert Druce, FLS (14 July 1846 in London – 11 April 1913 in London) was an English entomologist. His collections were acquired by Frederick DuCane Godman (1834–1919), Osbert Salvin (1835–1898), and James John Joicey (1870–1932) before being bequeathed to the Natural History Museum in London.

He is not to be confused with his son, the English entomologist Hamilton Herbert Druce (1869 – 21 June 1922), who also worked on Lepidoptera.
Japanese torpedo boat Manazuru
Two Japanese warships have borne the name Manazuru:

Japanese torpedo boat Manazuru (1899), a Hayabusa-class torpedo boat launched in 1899 and stricken in 1921

Japanese torpedo boat Manazuru (1933), a Chidori-class torpedo boat launched in 1933 and sunk in 1945

Chidori-class torpedo boat
The Chidori-class torpedo boat (千鳥型水雷艇, Chidori-gata suiraitei) was an Imperial Japanese Navy class of torpedo boats that were built before and served during the Second World War. The design initially proved to have too much armament for its small displacement, and the capsizing of Tomozuru (友鶴) shortly after completion in heavy weather resulted in a scandal which called into question the basic design of many Japanese warships of the time. After extensive modification, the class became satisfactory sea-boats and saw service in the Battle of the Philippines and the Dutch East Indies campaign as escorts and continued in that role for the rest of the war. Three were sunk during the war and the fourth was seized by the British at Hong Kong after the end of the war, where it was scrapped later.
Squawk Box Europe
Squawk Box Europe (from May 2011 to April 2025, billed on-screen as just Squawk Box) is a television business news programme on CNBC Europe, aired from 8 to 11 am CET (7 to 10 am WET) each weekday. It also airs on CNBC Asia between 3.00 p.m. and 6.00 p.m. Hong Kong / Singapore time (2.00 p.m. – 5.00 p.m. with DST), and in the United States on CNBC World at the respective time, 2:00 a.m. – 5:00 a.m., ET. The programme is co-anchored by Steve Sedgwick, Karen Tso and Ben Boulos. Prior to June 2003, the programme ran for only two hours, between 7.00 and 9.00 UK time but later gained an hour from Today's Business.

Daylight saving time
Daylight saving time (DST), also referred to as daylight savings time, daylight time (United States and Canada), or summer time (United Kingdom, European Union, and others), is the practice of advancing clocks to make better use of the longer daylight available during summer so that darkness falls at a later clock time. The typical implementation of DST is to adjust clocks ahead of standard time by one hour in spring or late winter, and to set clocks back by one hour in the autumn (or fall in North American English, hence the mnemonic: "spring forward and fall back").

In many countries, the part of the year when DST is observed is much longer than the part aligned to standard time. The practice of DST was first tested in the early 20th century. Many countries, such as Russia and Mexico, have abandoned DST entirely.
Malonyl chloride
Malonyl chloride is the organic compound with the formula CH2(COCl)2. It is the acyl chloride derivative of malonic acid. It is a colorless liquid although samples are often deeply colored owing to impurities. The compound degrades at room temperature after a few days. It used as a reagent in organic synthesis.

Organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds. Organic compounds  are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Within the general subject of organic synthesis, there are many different types of synthetic routes that can be completed including total synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, automated synthesis, and many more. Additionally, in understanding organic synthesis it is necessary to be familiar with the methodology, techniques, and applications of the subject.
Government Medical College, Chandrapur
The  Karmaveer Kannamwar Government Medical College, Chandrapur was founded in 2015 in Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India. The college is affiliated to MUHS, Nashik and is under Director of Medical Education and Research (DMER), Mumbai. This college is wholly funded by Government of Maharashtra. NMC permission was granted in the year 2015.

Named after Marotrao Kannamwar, 2nd Chief Minister of Maharashtra Govt. Medical College was started in the premises of District T.B Hospital (100 beds). The District Civil Hospital (100 beds) and District T.B Hospital, both run by public health department of Maharashtra were merged.

New GMCC campus is under construction, off the Chandrapur Bypass road, on 50 acres (20 ha) of land, at an estimated cost of Rs 600 crores. A Cancer hospital will also be established in the campus by TATA Cancer Care Foundation and Government of Maharashtra.

National Medical Commission
The National Medical Commission (NMC) is a statutory body in India that regulates medical education, medical professionals, institutes, and research. Established on 25 September 2020, it replaced the Medical Council of India. The Commission grants recognition of medical qualifications, gives accreditation to medical schools, grants registration to medical practitioners, and monitors medical practice and assesses the medical infrastructure in India.

It was earlier established for 6 months by an ordinance in January 2019 and later became a permanent law passed by Parliament of India and later approved by President of India on 08-August-2019.
Domestic Airport railway station, Brisbane
Domestic Airport railway station is the terminus station of the Airport line in Queensland, Australia. It serves the Domestic Terminal at Brisbane Airport, opening on 5 May 2001 at the same time as the line.

The station along with the line is owned and operated by Airtrain Citylink under a BOOT scheme. It will pass to Queensland Rail ownership in 2036.

Services are operated by Queensland Rail's City network. Although Translink's go card is able to be used, the station is not included in the TransLink fare structure, with Airtrain able to charge a premium fare.

Queensland Rail
Queensland Rail (QR) is a railway operator in Queensland, Australia. Queensland Rail is owned by the Queensland Government, and operates both suburban and interurban rail services in South East Queensland, as well as long-distance passenger train services connecting Brisbane to regional Queensland. Queensland Rail also owns and maintains rolling stock, in addition to approximately 6,600 kilometres (4,101 mi) of track and related infrastructure.
Uniporus
Uniporus is a genus of worms belonging to the monotypic family Uniporidae.

The species of this genus are found in Subarctic regions.

Species:

Uniporus acutocaudatus Brinkmann, 1914-1915

Uniporus alisae Chernyshev & Polyakova, 2017

Uniporus borealis (Punnett, 1901)

Uniporus hyalinus Brinkmann, 1914/15

Subarctic
The subarctic zone is a region in the Northern Hemisphere immediately south of the true Arctic, north of hemiboreal regions and covering much of Alaska, Canada, Iceland, the north of Fennoscandia, Northwestern Russia, Siberia, and the Cairngorms. Generally, subarctic regions fall between 50°N and 70°N latitude, depending on local climates. Precipitation is usually low, and vegetation is characteristic of the taiga.

Daylight at these latitudes is quite extreme between summer and winter due to its high latitude. Near the summer solstice for instance, subarctic regions can experience an all-night period of either civil, nautical, or astronomical twilight (or in the northern reaches full daylight), since the sun never dips more than 18 degrees below the horizon. Noctilucent clouds are best observed within this range of latitude.
Byhalia Creek
Byhalia Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Mississippi. It is a tributary to the Coldwater River.

Byhalia Creek is a name derived from the Choctaw language or Chickasaw language, purported to be a reference to white oaks. The name sometimes is spelled "Bihalia Creek".

Choctaw language
The Choctaw language (Choctaw: Chahta), spoken by the Choctaw, an Indigenous people of the Southeastern Woodlands, US, is a member of the Muskogean language family. Chickasaw is a separate but closely related language to Choctaw.

The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma published the New Choctaw dictionary in 2016.
Młynki, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Młynki [ˈmwɨŋki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piekoszów, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) west of Piekoszów and 22 km (14 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Piekoszów
Piekoszów [pjɛˈkɔʂuf] is a town in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Piekoszów. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.
KCKN
KCKN (1020 kHz) is an AM radio station broadcasting a Spanish-language Christian radio format in Roswell, New Mexico.  It is owned by Radio Vision Cristiana Subsidiary Corp.  Much of the programming is also heard on co-owned WWRV (1330 AM) in New York City.

KCKN is powered at 50,000 watts, the maximum for AM stations licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).  It is a Class B outlet, required to protect Class A clear channel station KDKA in Pittsburgh.  KCKN uses a directional antenna at all times, with a three-tower array by day and a six-tower array at night.  KCKN's transmitter is on La Luz Road at Old Clovis Highway in Roswell.

WWRV
WWRV (1330 AM) is a Spanish-language Christian music and teaching station, licensed to New York, New  York. It is owned by Radio Visión Cristiana Management.
Studios are at 419 Broadway in Paterson, New Jersey. In 2016, WWRV moved its transmitter facilities to a diplex with WZRC in Ridgefield Park, New Jersey.
Gentry O. Smith
Gentry O. Smith (born 1959) is an American foreign service officer who had served as Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security. From June 2015 to January 2017, he was Director of the Office of Foreign Missions.

Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security
The assistant secretary of state for diplomatic security is the head of the Bureau of Diplomatic Security in the United States Department of State. The assistant secretary of state for diplomatic security reports to the under secretary of state for management.
Laosaurus
Laosaurus (meaning "stone or fossil lizard") is a genus of neornithischian dinosaur. The type species, Laosaurus celer, was first described by O.C. Marsh in 1878 from remains discovered in the Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Morrison Formation of Wyoming. The validity of this genus is doubtful because it is based on fragmentary fossils. A second species also from the Morrison Formation, L. gracilis, and a species from the Upper Cretaceous Allison Formation of Alberta, Canada, L. minimus, are also considered dubious.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Moycarky (townland)
Moycarky is a townland in the civil parish of the same name and in the ecclesiastical parish of Moycarkey, Littleton, Two-Mile-Borris, in County Tipperary, Ireland.

The townland is shaped like an elongated diamond whose main axis is oriented roughly north-south; it contains just over 518 acres. The hamlet of Moycarkey is located near the northern apex of the townland.

The minor country road which serves as the communication spine for the townland runs roughly north-north-westwards from the old main Cork-Dublin road, which cross the townland near its southern apex.

Maxfort House, the main house in the townland, lies to the west of this minor country road.
In 1814, the house was the home of John Max and, in 1837, the home of William Max. It was held from Viscount Hawarden and valued at £15 and 18 shillings.

At the time of the 1911 census, there were 19 households in the townland.

Moycarkey, Littleton, Two-Mile-Borris
Moycarkey, Littleton, Two-Mile-Borris (also known as Moycarkey and Borris or Moycarkey) is an ecclesiastical parish in the Cashel deanery of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly. There are three churches in the parish:

St Peter's, Moycarkey (where the parochial house is located)

St James's, Two-Mile-Borris

Our Lady and St Kevin, Littleton (which also serves the village of Horse and Jockey)
2023 Supercars Championship
The 2023 Supercars Championship (known for commercial reasons as the 2023 Repco Supercars Championship) was a motor racing series for Supercars.

It was the twenty-fifth running of the Supercars Championship and the twenty-seventh series in which Supercars have contested the Australian Touring Car Championship, the premier title in Australian motorsport. It was the sixty-fourth season of touring car racing in Australia.

The 2023 season saw the introduction of Gen3, a revision to the sport's technical regulations. These regulations were designed to cut costs for competitors by introducing more standardised components to the cars and redesigning the chassis to favour coupé body shapes.

Brodie Kostecki and Erebus Motorsport secured their first Drivers' and Teams' Champions respectively.

Australian Touring Car Championship
The Australian Touring Car Championship (ATCC) is a touring car racing award held in Australia since 1960. The series itself is no longer contested, but the title lives on, with the winner of the Repco Supercars Championship awarded the trophy and title of Australian Touring Car Champion.
Félix Zubiaga
Mateo Félix Zubiaga Atxa (4 January 1945 – 7 January 2016) was a Spanish footballer and manager. A utility player, he often played as a left back or forward, but featured in all positions except central defence and goalkeeper. He spent most of his career at Athletic Bilbao, playing 132 games and scoring 22 goals across all competitions. He won the Copa del Generalísimo in 1973, scoring a goal in the final.

1973 Copa del Generalísimo final
The Copa del Generalísimo 1973 final was the 71st final of what would be called the Copa del Rey ("The King's Cup") after the death of Generalissimo Francisco Franco. The final was played at Vicente Calderón Stadium in Madrid, on 29 June 1973, being won by Athletic Bilbao, who beat Castellón 2–0.
DDAIP
DDAIP is a pharmaceutical ingredient added to topical products to increase penetration through the skin.  Chemically, DDAIP is an ester of N,N-dimethylalanine and dodecanol, although as of now the structural formula shows an ester with decanol (C10) instead.  DDAIP is typically formulated as its hydrochloride salt (DDAIP.HCl).  This salt is a white crystalline solid with a melting range of 88-93 °C and is an amphiphilic molecule with a pKa of 4.87 that is soluble in water up to about 40% w/v.  DDAIP is proprietary to NexMed USA, a subsidiary of Apricus Biosciences.

Amphiphile
In chemistry, an amphiphile (from Greek  αμφις (amphis) 'both' and  φιλíα (philia) 'love, friendship'), or amphipath, is a dipolar chemical compound possessing both hydrophilic (water-loving, polar) and lipophilic (fat-loving, nonpolar) properties. Such a compound is called amphiphilic or amphipathic. Amphiphilic compounds include surfactants and detergents. The phospholipid amphiphiles are the major structural component of cell membranes.

Amphiphiles are able to self-assemble to form a wide range of supramolecular structures, including micelles, lamellae, nanofibers, and biological membranes. They serve as the basis for many household soaps and detergents.

Amphiphiles are the basis for a number of areas of research in chemistry and biochemistry, notably that of lipid polymorphism.

Organic compounds containing hydrophilic groups at both ends of the molecule are called bolaamphiphilic. The micelles they form in the aggregate are prolate.
2000–01 Georgia Bulldogs basketball team
The 2000–01 Georgia Bulldogs basketball team represented the University of Georgia as a member of the Southeastern Conference during the 2000–01 NCAA men's basketball season. The team was led by head coach Jim Harrick, and played their home games at Stegeman Coliseum in Athens, Georgia. The Bulldogs finished third in the SEC East standings during the regular season, were bounced early from the SEC tournament, and received a controversial at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as No. 8 seed in the East region. Georgia was beaten by No. 9 seed Missouri, 77–75, and finished the season at 16–15 (9–7 SEC).

2000–01 Missouri Tigers men's basketball team
The 2000–01 Missouri Tigers men's basketball team represented the University of Missouri as a member of the Big 12 Conference during the 2000–01 NCAA men's basketball season. Led by second-year head coach Quin Snyder, the Tigers reached the second round of the NCAA tournament, and finished with an overall record of 20–13 (9–7 Big 12).
Radio Televisyen Malaysia controversies
This article outlines, in chronological order, the various controversies, criticisms and allegations involving or surrounding Radio Televisyen Malaysia (RTM), a broadcasting department of the Malaysian Government.

Suhaimi Sulaiman
Suhaimi bin Sulaiman (born 15 May 1962) is a Malaysian news anchor, broadcast journalist and media strategist. He is a former Group Editor-In-Chief and Anchorman of 24-hour news and information channel Astro Awani, which operates from the heart of Kuala Lumpur.
Easton State Airport
Easton State Airport (IATA: ESW, ICAO: KESW, FAA LID: ESW) is a public use airport located two nautical miles (3.7 km) north of the central business district of Easton, in Kittitas County, Washington, United States. It is owned by the Washington State Department of Transportation's Aviation Division.

It was constructed in the 1930s by the federal government as an emergency field for DC-3s crossing the Cascades through Snoqualmie Pass. It was acquired by the state in 1958 to preserve it for future use. Easton remains as an important airport on the eastern approaches to Snoqualmie and Stampede Pass.

Snoqualmie Pass
Snoqualmie Pass is a mountain pass that carries Interstate 90 (I-90) through the Cascade Range in the U.S. state of Washington. The pass summit is at an elevation of 3,015 feet (919 m), on the county line between Kittitas County and King County.

Snoqualmie Pass has the lowest elevation of the three east–west mountain routes across Washington State that are kept open year-round, along with Stevens Pass (US 2) to the north, and White Pass (US 12) to the south. I-90 is the primary commercial artery between Seattle and points east, carrying an average of 29,000 vehicles through the pass per day. I-90 is the only divided highway crossing east–west through the state.

The pass lends its name to a census-designated place (CDP) located at the summit (Snoqualmie Pass, Washington). Both the CDP and Snoqualmie Pass are named after the Snoqualmie people of the valley to the west.
Bishopston, Swansea
Bishopston (Welsh: Llandeilo Ferwallt, historically also Llanmerwallt and Llancyngur Trosgardi) is a large village and community situated on the Gower Peninsula, 6 miles (9.7 km) west south west of the centre of Swansea in South Wales.

It is partly within the Gower Peninsula Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).

The church, located at the head of Bishopston Valley, is dedicated to St Teilo who gives the village its Welsh name. Bishopston gives its name to the Bishopston Mudstone, a name used by geologists to refer to a rock formation with a widespread occurrence in south Wales.

Saint Teilo
Saint Teilo (Latin: Teliarus or Teliavus; Breton: Teliau or Telo; French: Télo or Théleau; c. 500 – 9 February c. 560), also known as Eliud, was a British Christian monk, bishop, and founder of monasteries and churches. He was from Penalun (Penally) near Tenby in Pembrokeshire, south Wales.

Reputed to be a cousin, friend, and disciple of Saint David, he was bishop of Llandaff and founder of the first church at Llandaff Cathedral, where his tomb is. He also founded Llandeilo Fawr, as well as Penally Abbey at his place of birth.
Adeodato Barreto
Júlio Francisco António Adeodato Barreto (3 December 1905 – 6 August 1937) was a Portuguese poet and writer. His works include important archetypes and paradigms from Hindu culture. In his poems there are notions of eternal return and transmigration, which are considered anchors of Indian philosophy.

Montemor-o-Novo
Montemor-o-Novo (Portuguese pronunciation: [mõtɨˈmɔɾ u ˈnovu] ⓘ), officially the City of Montemor-o-Novo (Portuguese: Cidade de Montemor-o-Novo), is a city and municipality in the District of Évora in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 17,437, in an area of 1232.97 km2. The city itself had a population of 8,928 in 2001.

The present mayor is Olímpio Manuel Vidigal Galvão, elected in 2021 by the Socialist Party. The municipal holiday is March 8, after Saint John of God, a 16th-century saint, who was born in Montemor-o-Novo.
Lee–Yang theory
In statistical mechanics, Lee–Yang theory, sometimes also known as Yang–Lee theory, is a scientific theory which seeks to describe phase transitions in large physical systems in the thermodynamic limit based on the properties of small, finite-size systems. The theory revolves around the complex zeros of partition functions of finite-size systems and how these may reveal the existence of phase transitions in the thermodynamic limit.

Lee–Yang theory constitutes an indispensable part of the theories of phase transitions. Originally developed for the Ising model, the theory has been extended and applied to a wide range of models and phenomena, including protein folding, percolation, complex networks, and molecular zippers.

The theory is named after the Nobel laureates Tsung-Dao Lee and Yang Chen-Ning, who were awarded the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics for their unrelated work on parity non-conservation in weak interaction.

Percolation theory
In statistical physics and mathematics, percolation theory describes the behavior of a network when nodes or links are added. This is a geometric type of phase transition, since at a critical fraction of addition the network of small, disconnected clusters merge into significantly larger connected, so-called spanning clusters. The applications of percolation theory to materials science and in many other disciplines are discussed here and in the articles Network theory and Percolation (cognitive psychology).