hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reguliersgracht
Reguliersgracht is a canal in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Established in 1658, it is located in the Grachtengordel, in the Centrum borough. During World War II the "nerve center" of the illegal paper Het Parool was housed there, in a house (number 111) occupied by Simon Carmiggelt, Max Nord, Wim van Norden and their families.

Amsterdam-Centrum
Amsterdam-Centrum is the inner-most borough and historical city centre of Amsterdam, Netherlands, containing the majority of the city's landmarks. Established in 2002, Amsterdam-Centrum was the last area in the city to be granted the status of self-governing borough. The borough is 8.04 km2 and covers the UNESCO-listed Amsterdam canal belt. In 2013, the borough had approximately 85,000 inhabitants, who on average had the second-highest income per household in the city (after Amsterdam-Zuid) and one of the highest in the country.
Your Erroneous Zones
Your Erroneous Zones is the first self-help book written by Wayne Dyer and first issued by Funk & Wagnalls publishers in April 1976.

The book spent 64 weeks on The New York Times bestseller list through November 13, 1977, including a spot at number one on the week of May 8, 1977.

Funk & Wagnalls
Funk & Wagnalls was an American publisher known for its reference works, including A Standard Dictionary of the English Language (1st ed. 1893–5), and the Funk & Wagnalls Standard Encyclopedia (25 volumes, 1st ed. 1912).

The encyclopedia was renamed Funk & Wagnalls New Standard Encyclopedia in 1931 and in 1945, it was known as New Funk & Wagnalls Encyclopedia, Universal Standard Encyclopedia, Funk & Wagnalls Standard Reference Encyclopedia, and Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia (29 volumes, 1st ed. 1971).

The last printing of Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia was in 1997. As of 2025, annual Yearbooks are still in production.

The I.K. Funk & Company, founded in 1875, was renamed Funk & Wagnalls Company after two years, and later became Funk & Wagnalls Inc., then Funk & Wagnalls Corporation.
Huckworthy
Huckworthy is a small hamlet on the edge of Dartmoor  in Devon, England.

With just 11 houses in a steep valley the hamlet epitomizes the rural wilds of the area.  The River Walkham runs through it, dissecting the community in half and setting the scene for the picturesque Huckworthy Bridge that has been featured in wildlife, travel and historical programs over the years.  The bridge is also featured in Country Diary of an Edwardian Lady.

The bridge provides inspiration as a place of great tranquility, but also of innovation and commerce - Huckworthy Mill provided the first electricity into the local villages in the early 20th century, Wedgwood  allegedly sourced some of the first cobalt for its famous blue china on the Mill property, old silver mines dot the valley and various small businesses still thrive there to this day.

Edith Holden
Edith Blackwell Holden (26 September 1871 – 15 March 1920) was an English artist, writer and art teacher. She was influenced by the Arts and Crafts movement and specialised in painting animals and plants. While collecting flowers from a riverbank at Kew Gardens, Holden drowned in the Thames in 1920.

Holden became famous following the posthumous publication of her Nature Notes for 1906, in facsimile form, as the book The Country Diary of an Edwardian Lady in 1977, which was an enormous publishing success. These, and her life story, were later the subject of a television dramatization.
Launi Skinner
Launi Skinner (born 1964) is a Canadian business woman, with several decades of experience leading high-profile companies within Canada and internationally, including Starbucks US, 1-800-GOT-JUNK?, and First West Credit Union. Skinner is currently chief executive officer of First West Credit Union, one of Canada's largest credit unions.

Skinner joined First West Credit Union in 2010, four months after the January 1, 2010, merger of Valley First Credit Union and Envision Credit Union. Under Skinner's leadership in 2013, First West Credit Union successfully acquired Enderby & District Credit Union. Then, under Skinner's leadership in 2015, Vancouver Island-based Island Savings Credit Union merged with First West Credit Union.

Island Savings
Island Savings is a division of First West Credit Union based in British Columbia, Canada. Since 1951, Island Savings has served communities on Vancouver Island and Gulf Islands.

In 2013, Island Savings entered into discussions with B.C.-based First West Credit Union. In November 2014, members Island Savings voted in favour of the merger proposal, and on Jan. 1, 2015, Island Savings joined First West's network. The First West brand network also includes Envision Financial, Valley First and Enderby & District Financial.

First West Credit Union has $14 billion in total assets and assets under management, approximately 1,250 employees and more than 250,000 members. The credit union is the third largest in B.C. and the fifth largest in Canada. Its divisions—Envision Financial, Valley First, Island Savings and Enderby & District Financial—operate under their existing brand names in their respective markets.
Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge
The Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge located in north-central Colorado. It is one of over 560 national wildlife refuges which manages and protects natural resources for future generations. The refuge is located in North Park in central Jackson County south of the town of Walden. The refuge was established in 1967 to furnish waterfowl with a suitable place to nest and rear their young. It was created in part to offset losses of nesting habitat in the prairie wetland region of the Midwest. It is located in the valley of the Illinois River, a tributary of the North Platte River. It is administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

Mortenson Lake National Wildlife Refuge in Wyoming is administered by Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge

National Wildlife Refuge
The National Wildlife Refuge System is a system of protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency within the Department of the Interior. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife, and plants.
Africa Risen
Africa Risen: A New Era of Speculative Fiction is a speculative fiction anthology edited by Sheree Renée Thomas, Zelda Knight, and Oghenechovwe Donald Ekpeki featuring 32 original works of fiction. It was published in 2022 by Tor Publishing.

Speculative fiction
Speculative fiction is an umbrella genre of fiction that encompasses all the subgenres that depart from realism, or strictly imitating everyday reality, instead presenting fantastical, supernatural, futuristic, or other highly imaginative realms or beings.

This catch-all genre includes, but is not limited to: fantasy, science fiction, science fantasy, superhero, paranormal and supernatural horror, alternate history, magical realism, slipstream, weird fiction, utopia and dystopia, apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction. In other words, the genre presents individuals, events, or places beyond the ordinary real world.

The term speculative fiction has been used for works of literature, film, television, drama, video games, radio, and hybrid media.
Noah Bratschi
Noah Bratschi (born July 31, 2000) is an American professional rock climber who specializes in competition speed climbing and represents the United States at IFSC Climbing World Cups. He won the bronze medal at the 2021 International Federation of Sport Climbing (IFSC) World Championship in Moscow, Russia. Achieving this feat, he became the first American speed climber in thirty years (since 1991) to win a World Championship medal. Additionally, he made history as the first American to ever win a medal on the modern IFSC homologated speed climbing wall.

2021 IFSC Climbing World Championships
The 2021 IFSC Climbing World Championships was the 17th edition of the competition climbing event. It was held in Moscow, Russia from 16 to 21 September 2021, alongside the 2021 IFSC Paraclimbing World Championships.

Although the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) had banned Russia from hosting or bidding for a world championship event in any sport until December 2022 due to several doping violations, the IFSC announced in February 2021 that the event would remain in Russia, echoing the Court of Arbitration for Sport's ruling that events had to be reassigned "unless it is legally or practically impossible to do so."

Two venues were used during the championships: the Irina Viner-Usmanova Gymnastics Palace and the CSKA Universal Sports Hall.
FK Daugava (2003)
FK Daugava Rīga was a Latvian football club, based at the Daugava Stadium in Riga. They played in the Latvian Higher League. The last manager of the team was Armands Zeiberliņš.

From the club's foundation in 2003 till 2009 the club was known as FK Jūrmala and based in the city of Jūrmala. In 2010, they changed their name to FK Jūrmala-VV, but in March 2012 the club moved to Riga, changing its name to FK Daugava Rīga.

Future League
The Future League (Latvian: Nākotnes Līga), prior to 2021 called the Latvian First League (Latvian: Latvijas Pirmā līga, 1. līga), is the second tier division of football in Latvia organised by the Latvian Football Federation since 1992.
Amish lethal microcephaly
Amish lethal microcephaly is a rare genetic disorder which is characterized by severe microcephaly (small head) from birth, brain hypoplasia (underdeveloped brain), micrognathia (small chin), irritability (at second or third month of age), seizures, problems controlling their body temperature, high levels of alpha-ketogluraic acid in their urine, and less commonly hepatomegaly (large liver). Babies with this condition typically die when they are 6 months old. This disorder was named after the Amish because it was discovered in Old Order Amish communities in Pennsylvania, where it affects 1 in 500 babies. Additionally, 1 in 11 people in those communities are unaffected carriers of the recessive mutation that causes the disorder. No cases of the disorder have been found outside this population.

This disorder is caused by mutations in the SLC25A19 gene in chromosome 17q25, it follows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern

Chromosome 17
Chromosome 17 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 17 spans more than 84 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 2.5 and 3% of the total DNA in cells.

Chromosome 17 contains the Homeobox B gene cluster.
Straumsund Bridge
The Straumsund Bridge (Norwegian: Straumsundbrua) is a bridge in Tingvoll Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The bridge crosses the Straumsundet strait between the mainland and the island of Aspøya. The bridge is 412 metres (1,352 ft) long, and the longest span is 146 metres (479 ft).

The Straumsund Bridge was opened in 1991. It is part of Krifast, the town of Kristiansund's road connection to the mainland.

Kristiansund (town)
Kristiansund (US: /ˈkrɪstʃənsʌnd, ˈkrɪstiənsʊn/, Norwegian: [krɪstjɑnˈsʉnː] ⓘ; historically spelled Christianssund and earlier named Fosna) is a town in Kristiansund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The town is the administrative centre of the municipality. The town is located on the islands of Kirklandet, Innlandet, and Nordlandet in the Nordmøre region of the county.

The 8.45-square-kilometre (2,090-acre) town has a population (2024) of 18,337 and a population density of 2,170 inhabitants per square kilometre (5,600/sq mi). Kristiansund is one of the most densely populated cities of Norway, having what is arguably the country's most urban small city centre, due to the relatively small size of the islands on which it is built and the very constricted central harbour/town area of Kirklandet.
Just Adventure
Just Adventure is a computer game website dedicated to the genre of adventure games. Founded in 1997, it publishes reviews and previews of adventure games, as well as opinion articles and interviews with game designers.  The site was founded by Francis "Randy" Sluganski, who died on November 6, 2012, from cancer.

Ragnar Tornquist, the creator of the adventure games The Longest Journey and Dreamfall: The Longest Journey has stated that the reviews on Just Adventure are "very important to [him]". In 2000, PC Gamer US columnist Michael Wolf called Just Adventure "the best site on the Web for the adventure game fan". In 2003, Mark H. Walker noted that Just Adventure was "the Internet's largest gaming site devoted to adventure games". Similarly, Anastasia Salter wrote in 2014 that Just Adventure was "one of the major adventure game fan sites on the web".
The site has not been updated since August 2019

Game design
Game design is the process of creating and shaping the mechanics, systems, rules, and gameplay of a game. Game design processes apply to board games, card games, dice games, casino games, role-playing games, sports, war games, or simulation games.

In Elements of Game Design, game designer Robert Zubek defines game design by breaking it down into three elements:

Game mechanics and systems, which are the rules and objects in the game.

Gameplay, which is the interaction between the player and the mechanics and systems. In Chris Crawford on Game Design, the author summarizes gameplay as "what the player does".

Player experience, which is how users feel when they are playing the game.

In academic research, game design falls within the field of game studies (not to be confused with game theory, which studies strategic decision making, primarily in non-game situations).
Lists of database management systems
Lists of database management systems provide indexes and/or comparisons of different types of database management system.
They include:

List of relational database management systems, for database management systems based on the relational model.

Comparison of object database management systems, showing what fundamental object database features are implemented natively

Document-oriented database, for storing, retrieving and managing document-oriented information

List of column-oriented DBMSes that store data tables by column rather than by row

List of in-memory databases, which primarily rely on main memory for computer data storage

See Category:Database management systems for a complete lists of articles about database management systems.

Computer data storage
Computer data storage or digital data storage is the retention of digital data via technology consisting of computer components and recording media. Digital data storage is a core function and fundamental component of computers.: 15–16

Generally, the faster and volatile storage components are referred to as "memory", while slower persistent components are referred to as "storage". This distinction was extended in the Von Neumann architecture, where the central processing unit (CPU) consists of two main parts: The control unit and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The former controls the flow of data between the CPU and memory, while the latter performs arithmetic and logical operations on data. In practice, almost all computers use a memory hierarchy,: 468–473  which puts memory close to the CPU and storage further away.

In modern computers, hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs) are usually used as storage.
Henriëtte Weersing
Henriëtte Weersing (born 11 October 1965) is a retired volleyball player from the Netherlands, who represented her native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992.

Weersing was a leading member of the Netherlands national team that won the gold medal at the 1995 European Championship by defeating Croatia 3–0 in the final.

Croatia women's national volleyball team
The Croatia women's national volleyball team represents Croatia in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches. The team's biggest successes came in 1995, 1997 and 1999 when Croatia won three silver medals at the European Championships.
Stefanie McKeough
Stefanie McKeough (born January 27, 1991) is a Canadian retired ice hockey player, currently serving as assistant coach to the Boston Fleet in the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL)  and assistant coach to Canada's National Women's Under-18 Team. She previously served as both assistant and head coach to the Ottawa Gee-Gees women's ice hockey program in the Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ) of U Sports, and head coach of Göteborg HC in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL). During her playing career, she competed for the Canadian national team at several international tournaments and played with the Wisconsin Badgers in the NCAA.

U Sports
U Sports (stylized as U SPORTS) is the national sport governing body for universities in Canada, comprising the majority of degree-granting universities in the country and four regional conferences: Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), Canada West (CW), and Atlantic University Sport (AUS). The equivalent body for organized sports at colleges in Canada is the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). Some institutions are members of both bodies for different sports.
Rodney Taylor
Vice Admiral Rodney Graham Taylor, AO (11 June 1940 – 1 September 2002) was a senior officer in the Royal Australian Navy, serving as Chief of Navy from 1994 to 1997. Born in Queensland, Taylor entered the Royal Australian Naval College at the age of thirteen. Graduating as dux of his year in 1957, he later specialised in navigation and served during the Vietnam War. Commanding HMAS Vampire as well as HMAS Torrens, Taylor planned and coordinated the deployment of Australian ships during the Gulf War. Retiring from the navy in 1997, Taylor died from lung cancer in 2002 at the age of 62.

Vice admiral (Australia)
Vice admiral (abbreviated as VADM) is the second-highest active rank of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). It is a three-star rank, and was created as a direct equivalent of the British rank of vice admiral. The rank is held by the Chief of Navy and, when the positions are held by navy officers, by the Vice Chief of the Defence Force, the Chief of Joint Operations, the Chief of Joint Capabilities, or equivalent position.

Vice admiral is a higher rank than rear admiral, but lower than admiral. Vice admiral is the equivalent of air marshal in the Royal Australian Air Force and lieutenant general in the Australian Army.

Since the mid-1990s, the insignia of a Royal Australian Navy vice admiral is the Crown of St. Edward above a crossed sabre and baton, above three silver stars, above the word "AUSTRALIA". The stars have eight points as in the equivalent Royal Navy insignia. Prior to 1995, the RAN shoulder board was identical to the British shoulder board.
Ministry of Works and Transport
Ministry of Works and Transport can refer to:

Ministry of Works and Transport (Botswana)

Ministry of Works and Transport (Malaysia)

Ministry of Works and Transport (Namibia)

Ministry of Works and Transport (Uganda)

Ministry of Works and Transport (Namibia)
The Ministry of Works and Transport is a government ministry of Namibia. It was established in 1990 as Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communication and got its current name in 2008 when the communication portfolio was moved to the information ministry.

The head office is located in the MWT Head Office Building in Windhoek. As of 2020 John Mutorwa is the minister.
Hluvukani
Hluvukani is a Tsonga speaking town in Bushbuckridge Local Municipality, Mpumalanga. It lies south of the R531 and west of the Manyeleti Game Reserve. It had a population of 9,631 in 2011. The Hluvukani Animal Clinic, a satellite of the University of Pretoria Faculty of Veterinary Science operates from the town.

The community pride themselves with Muchongolo (traditional dance) and Tingoma (initiation school), as well as Xiseveseve (Xibelana).

Bushbuckridge Local Municipality
Bushbuckridge Municipality (Tsonga: Masipala wa Bushbuckridge; Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Bushbuckridge) is a local municipality within the Ehlanzeni District Municipality, in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. Commercial farming, which consists of pine and bluegum plantations, tobacco, cotton, sub-tropical fruits and vegetables, is practised in the municipality's countryside. The municipality includes the southern part of Kruger National Park. Bushbuckridge is the largest local municipality in Mpumalanga in terms of land size.
Quercus subg. Cerris
Quercus subgenus Cerris is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification (the other being subgenus Quercus). It contains about 140 species divided among three sections. It may be called the Old World clade or the mid-latitude clade; all species are native to Eurasia and North Africa.

Anders Sandøe Ørsted (botanist)
Anders Sandøe Ørsted, also written as Anders Sandoe Oersted or Anders Sandö Örsted (21 June 1816 – 3 September 1872) was a Danish botanist, mycologist, zoologist and marine biologist. He was the nephew of physicist Hans Christian Ørsted and of politician Anders Sandøe Ørsted.
White-rumped shama
The white-rumped shama (Copsychus malabaricus) is a passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. Native to densely vegetated habitats in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, its popularity as a cage-bird and songster has led to it being introduced elsewhere. The Larwo shama, the Kangean shama and the Sri Lanka shama were formerly considered to be conspecific with the white-rumped shama.

Old World flycatcher
The Old World flycatchers are a large family, the Muscicapidae, of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World (Europe, Africa and Asia), with the exception of several vagrants and two species, bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) and northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe), found also in North America. These are mainly small arboreal insectivores, many of which, as the name implies, take their prey on the wing. The large family includes 357 species and is divided into 57 genera.
Alpi Pioneer 200
The Alpi Pioneer 200 is an Italian ultralight and light-sport aircraft, designed and produced by Alpi Aviation, of Pordenone. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction or as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Pordenone
Pordenone (Italian: [pordeˈnoːne] ⓘ; Venetian and Friulian: Pordenon) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, the capital of the regional decentralization entity of Pordenone.

The name comes from Latin Portus Naonis, meaning "port on the Noncello River".
Len Jessup
Leonard Michael Jessup is an American academic administrator. He served as the tenth president of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) from 2015 to 2018, when he became the president of Claremont Graduate University.

Claremont Graduate University
The Claremont Graduate University (CGU) is a private postgraduate research university in Claremont, California, United States. Founded in 1925, CGU is a member of the Claremont Colleges consortium which includes five undergraduate and two graduate institutions of higher education.

The university is organized into seven separate units: the School of Arts & Humanities; School of Community & Global Health; Drucker School of Management; School of Educational Studies; the School of Social Science, Policy, & Evaluation; the Center for Information Systems & Technology; and the Institute of Mathematical Sciences. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity."