hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Judaism and violence
Judaism's doctrines and texts have sometimes been associated with violence or anti-violence. Laws requiring the eradication of evil, sometimes using violent means, exist in the Jewish tradition. However, Judaism also contains peaceful texts and doctrines. There is often a juxtaposition of Judaic law and theology to violence and nonviolence by groups and individuals. Attitudes and laws towards both peace and violence exist within the Jewish tradition. Throughout history, Judaism's religious texts or precepts have been used to promote as well as oppose violence.

Ian Lustick
Ian Steven Lustick (born 1949) is an American political scientist and specialist on the modern history and politics of the Middle East. He holds the Bess W. Heyman Chair in the department of political sciences at the University of Pennsylvania.
Lundin Mining
Lundin Mining Corporation, headquartered in Vancouver, owns and operates mines that produce base metals such as gold, silver, copper, and nickel. The company's major properties are the copper mines of Candelaria and Caserones in Atacama Region, Chile, the Chyapada gold-silver-copper mine in Goiás, Brazil and the Eagle nickel-copper mine in Michigan, United States. Besides productive mines Lundin Mining owns a 50% interest in the exploratory projects of Filo del Sol and Josemaria near the Argentina–Chile border in partnership with BHP. Approximately 15.4% of the company is owned by affiliates of the billionaire Lundin family.

Marquette County, Michigan
Marquette County (/mɑːrˈkɛt/ mar-KET) is a county located in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 66,017. It is the most populous county in the Upper Peninsula. The county seat is Marquette. The county is named for Father Marquette, a Jesuit missionary. It was set off in 1843 and organized in 1851.

Marquette County comprises the Marquette, MI micropolitan statistical area.
(R)-aminopropanol dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a (R)-aminopropanol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.75) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are (2R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Its products are aminoacetone, reduced NADH, and a proton.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol:NAD+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include L-aminopropanol dehydrogenase, 1-aminopropan-2-ol-NAD+ dehydrogenase, L(+)-1-aminopropan-2-ol:NAD+ oxidoreductase, 1-aminopropan-2-ol-dehydrogenase, DL-1-aminopropan-2-ol: NAD+ dehydrogenase, and L(+)-1-aminopropan-2-ol-NAD+/NADP+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. It requires potassium as a cofactor.

Threonine
Threonine (symbol Thr or T) is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form when dissolved in water), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form when dissolved in water), and a side chain containing a hydroxyl group, making it a polar, uncharged amino acid. It is essential in humans, meaning the body cannot synthesize it: it must be obtained from the diet. Threonine is synthesized from aspartate in bacteria such as E. coli. It is encoded by all the codons starting AC (ACU, ACC, ACA, and ACG).

Threonine sidechains are often hydrogen bonded; the most common small motifs formed are based on interactions with serine: ST turns, ST motifs (often at the beginning of alpha helices) and ST staples (usually at the middle of alpha helices).
Hackney pony
The Hackney pony is a breed of pony closely related to the Hackney horse. Originally bred to pull carriages, they are used today primarily as show ponies. The breed does not have its own stud book, but shares one with the Hackney horse in all countries that have an official Hackney Stud Book Registry.

Pleasure driving
Pleasure driving is a horse show class seen in the United States, which features light breeds of horses and ponies hitched to a two or four-wheeled show cart.  Horses are driven at a walk and two speeds of trot, generally designated as a working or regular trot and an extended "strong" trot.  Many horse breeds compete in Pleasure driving.  Most classes are judged on the horse's manners, performance, quality and conformation.
MarkLogic
MarkLogic is an American software business that develops and provides an enterprise NoSQL database, which is also named MarkLogic. They have offices in the United States, Europe, Asia, and Australia.

In February 2023, MarkLogic was acquired by Progress Software for $355 million.

Semantic triple
A semantic triple, or RDF triple or simply triple, is the atomic data entity in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model. As its name indicates, a triple is a sequence of three entities that codifies a statement about semantic data in the form of subject–predicate–object expressions (e.g., "Bob is 35", or "Bob knows John").
Chirbury Rural District
52°32′56″N 3°06′43″W﻿ / ﻿52.549°N 3.112°W﻿ / 52.549; -3.112
Chirbury was a rural district in Shropshire, England, from 1894 to 1974.

It was created by the Local Government Act 1894 based on that part of the Montgomery rural sanitary district which was in Shropshire (and England), the Welsh part forming Forden Rural District in Montgomeryshire).  It consisted of the three parishes of Brompton and Rhiston, Chirbury and Worthen.

It was abolished in 1934 under a County Review Order and merged into the Clun Rural District.

Since 1974 it has formed part of the South Shropshire district.

Montgomery, Powys
Montgomery (Welsh: Trefaldwyn ⓘ; translates as the town of Baldwin) is a town and community in Powys, Wales. It is the traditional county town of the historic county of Montgomeryshire to which it gives its name, and it is within the Welsh Marches border area. The town centre lies about  1 mile (1.6 km) west of the England–Wales border. Montgomery Castle was started in 1223 and its parish church in 1227. Other locations in the town include The Old Bell Museum, the Offa's Dyke Path, the Robber's Grave and the town wall. The large Iron Age hill fort of Ffridd Faldwyn is sited northwest of the town and west of the Castle.

In the 2011 census, the community of Montgomery had a population of 1,295. The community includes Hen Domen.
2017 Dutch TT
The 2017 Dutch TT was the eighth round of the 2017 MotoGP season. It was held at the TT Circuit Assen in Assen on 25 June 2017. The MotoGP race was won by Valentino Rossi, the final victory of his career.

Assen
Assen (Dutch: [ˈɑsə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Northeastern Netherlands, and is the capital of the province of Drenthe. It received city rights in 1809. Assen is known for TT Circuit Assen, the motorcycle racing circuit, where on the last Sunday in June the Dutch TT is run; and also for the annual Assen Dance Festival.

Assen won the European Green Leaf Award for 2027.
Siwucha vodka
Siwucha (Polish pronunciation: [ɕiˈvuxa]) is an incompletely rectified vodka (raw vodka) from Poland. The name derives from the siwy (ash grey) color of the liquid due to Tyndall effect of the colloid emulsion of residual fusel oil.

Moonshine
Moonshine is high-proof liquor, traditionally made or distributed illegally. The name was derived from a tradition of distilling the alcohol at night to avoid detection. In the first decades of the 21st century, commercial distilleries have adopted the term for its outlaw cachet and have begun producing their own legal "moonshine", including many novelty flavored varieties, that are said to continue the tradition by using a similar method or locale of production.

In 2013, moonshine accounted for about one-third of global alcohol consumption.
Defenders of the Game
Defenders of the Game is an original animated family adventure series that was developed by Onesum Agency in Montreal for the Tampa Bay Devil Rays during their 2007 season, as an in-game entertainment experience. The series portrayed several key Devil Ray players as super heroes, and featured the voices and likenesses of Carl Crawford, Scott Kazmir, Rocco Baldelli, Coach Joe Maddon, and Special Advisor Don Zimmer. In the fictional series, the superhero Defenders had to save the game of baseball from the machinations or the evil Umperor.
For the 2008 season, the renamed Tampa Bay Rays, ordered another season of entirely original animated episodes featuring the same characters as the previous season with the exception of Rocco Baldelli who was on the disabled list, as well as new players Carlos Peña, James Shields, and B. J. Upton. While the evil Umperor was mentioned during the second season, the Defenders battled new villains including the Dr. Stat and Ms. Vinta.

Joe Maddon
Joseph John Maddon (born February 8, 1954) is an American former professional baseball manager. He has managed the Tampa Bay Rays, Chicago Cubs, and Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball (MLB).

After playing and coaching in the minor leagues, Maddon began his MLB coaching career with the Angels in 1994 and served under managers Buck Rodgers, Marcel Lachemann, John McNamara, Terry Collins, and Mike Scioscia. He served two stints as interim manager during this time. He managed the Rays from 2006 through 2014, winning the 2008 American League pennant.

After opting out of his contract following the 2014 season, Maddon joined the Cubs. He led them to the 2015 National League Championship Series and was named the 2015 National League Manager of the Year. In 2016, Maddon managed the Cubs to their first World Series title since 1908. He managed the Cubs through 2019 and managed the Angels from 2020 to 2022.
Ain't That a Kick in the Head
"Ain't That a Kick in the Head" is a swing song written in 1960 with music by Jimmy Van Heusen and lyrics by Sammy Cahn. It was first recorded on May 10 of that year by Dean Martin in a swinging big band jazz arrangement conducted by Nelson Riddle. The song was featured in the 1960 heist film Ocean's 11, where Martin performed it in an alternate arrangement featuring vibraphonist Red Norvo and his quartet.

The song was covered in 2004 by Irish boy band Westlife on their sixth studio album, ...Allow Us to Be Frank. Despite not charting in Ireland and failing to appear on the UK Singles Chart, their cover of the song reached No. 4 on the UK Download Chart, peaked at No. 5 in Denmark, and charted within the top 50 in Flanders, the Netherlands, and Sweden.

Heist film
The heist film or caper film is a subgenre of crime films and the caper story, focused on the planning, execution, and aftermath of a significant robbery.

One of the early defining heist films was The Asphalt Jungle (1950), which according to Film Genre 2000, "almost single-handedly popularized the genre for mainstream cinema". It featured robbers whose personal failings ultimately led to the failure of their robbery. Similar films using this formula were Armored Car Robbery (1950), The Killing (1956), and The Getaway (1972). By the 1990s, heist films began to "experiment and play with these conventions", incorporating elements such as comedy into their stories.
Murisi Zwizwai
Murisi Zwizwai (1970 – 1 June 2024) was a Zimbabwean politician from Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai who served as Deputy Minister of Mines and Mining Development and later as Deputy Minister of information, publicity and broadcasting services. He was the Member of the National Assembly of Zimbabwe for Harare Central first elected in 2003. He was re-elected in the 2022 by-election. He died in Harare on 1 June 2024, aged 54.

National Assembly of Zimbabwe
The National Assembly of Zimbabwe, previously the House of Assembly until 2013, is the lower house of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. It was established upon Zimbabwe's independence in 1980 as one of two chambers of parliament. Between the abolition of the Senate in 1989 and its reestablishment in 2005, the House of Assembly was the sole chamber of parliament.

Since the 2023 election, the National Assembly has had 280 members. Of these, 210 are elected in single-member constituencies. 60 seats are reserved for women, and are elected by proportional representation in 10 six-seat constituencies based on the country's provinces. The last 10 seats are reserved for youth and are also elected through proportional representation in 10 one-seat constituencies based on the provinces as well.

Jacob Mudenda has been Speaker of the National Assembly since September 2013.
Ann Arbor Railroad (1895–1976)
The Ann Arbor Railroad (reporting mark AA) was an American railroad that operated between Toledo, Ohio, and Elberta and Frankfort, Michigan (about 294 route miles) with train ferry operations across Lake Michigan. In 1967, it reported 572 million net ton-miles of revenue freight, including 107 million in "lake transfer service". It also operated the Manistique and Lake Superior Railroad, a 39-mile subsidiary.

The company's main line is partially abandoned with ownership split between the state of Michigan, the Huron and Eastern Railway, and the shortline Ann Arbor Railroad (founded in 1988).

Frankfort, Michigan
Frankfort is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. Located within Benzie County, the city sits upon the shore of Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Betsie River. The city had a population of 1,252 at the 2020 census.
WKCT
WKCT (930 AM) is a News Talk Information–formatted radio station licensed to Bowling Green, Kentucky, United States. The station is owned by the Daily News Broadcasting Company as part of a duopoly with classic rock station WDNS (93.3 FM). Both stations share studios on College Street in downtown Bowling Green, while its transmitter is located along KY 185 adjacent to the Barren River just north of the city. WKCT features programming from CBS News Radio, Compass Media Networks, Premiere Networks and Westwood One.

To complement its AM signal, WKCT operates a translator station on 104.1 FM as W281BV. The translator's transmitter is located along Blue Line Providence Road west of Bowling Green.

CBS News Radio
CBS News Radio, formerly known as CBS Radio News and historically known as the CBS Radio Network, is a radio network that provides news to more than 1,000 radio stations throughout the United States. The network is owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation.  It is the last of the three original national U.S. radio networks (CBS, NBC Radio Network and Mutual Broadcasting System) still operating and still owned by its original parent company, even though CBS sold its owned and operated radio stations in 2017 to Entercom (now known as Audacy, Inc.). The current NBC Radio Network is owned by iHeartMedia, and licenses use of the NBC name and audio from NBC News.

CBS News Radio is one of the two national news services distributed by Skyview Networks, which transmits national news, talk, music and special event programs, in addition to local news, weather, video news and other information to radio and television stations, as well as traffic reporting services.
Koo Kien Keat
Koo Kien Keat AMN (Chinese: 古健傑; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kó͘ Kiān-kia̍t; born 18 September 1985) is a Malaysian former professional badminton player. He succeeded in both men's and mixed doubles and in his partnership with Tan Boon Heong he reached a career high ranking of world number 1.

Badminton Association of Malaysia
The Badminton Association of Malaysia or BAM (Malay: Persatuan Badminton Malaysia) is the governing body of badminton in Malaysia. The association was founded in 1964. Nevertheless, the history of Malaysian badminton starts much earlier. Already in 1934 an association was founded by the provinces Perak, Penang, Selangor, Johore and Singapore.

BAM is registered with the sports commissioner's office under the Sports Development Act 1997 of the laws of Malaysia. The association was founded in 1964 and has 15 states as their members.
Joseph Proctor (academic)
Joseph Proctor (also Procter, died 1845) was an academic of the University of Cambridge in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Proctor was born in Stow, Lincolnshire, and educated at Leeds Grammar School. He was admitted St Catharine's Hall, Cambridge on 18 January 1779, graduating B.A. (3rd wrangler and 2nd Smith's Prize) 1783, M.A. 1786, B.D. 1799, and D.D. (per lit. reg.) 1801.

Proctor served as a fellow of St Catharine's 1783–1799, and as master 1799–1845. He was Rector of Steeple Gidding 1807–34, Walgrave 1810–17 and Conington 1824–34, and a prebendary of Norwich Cathedral. He served as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge in 1801, and was elected vice-chancellor again in 1826.

He died on 10 November 1845, at the age of 84.

Walgrave
Walgrave is a village and civil parish in West Northamptonshire, England. At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 822 people, increasing to 868 at the 2011 Census.

The village's name means 'Old's grove'. The village of Old is nearby and the main component is likely to be the same.
1999 Bayern Rundfahrt
The 1999 Bayern Rundfahrt was the 20th edition of the Bayern Rundfahrt cycle race and was held on 20 May to 24 May 1999. The race started in Scheinfeld and finished in Oberstdorf. The race was won by Rolf Aldag.

Scheinfeld
Scheinfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈʃaɪnfɛlt] ⓘ; East Franconian: Schafld) is a town in the Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim district, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated 14 km northwest of Neustadt (Aisch), and 40 km east of Würzburg. Schloss Schwarzenberg is adjacent to the town. The town is home to an Adidas testing factory.

From 1946 to 1949 a displaced persons camp was in operation at Scheinfeld. About 1,500 Lithuanians were brought there from the Regensburg camp. The camp was a center of Lithuanian culture and also had a short lived community currency.
William Anderson Brown
William Anderson Brown (August 4, 1861 – September 26, 1940) was an American lawyer and politician.

Brown was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He went to University of Pennsylvania and then received his law degree from University of Michigan Law School. He moved to Minnesota in 1891 and settled in Lanesboro, Minnesota and then in Winona, Minnesota. He moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1906. Brown served in the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1901 and 1902 and in 1905 and 1906. He then served in the Minnesota Senate from 1937 until his death in 1940.

Lanesboro, Minnesota
Lanesboro is a city in Fillmore County, Minnesota, United States. As of the 2020 census, Lanesboro had a population of 724. It was named after F. A. Lane, an early landowner.

The South Branch of the Root River flows through it, with a waterfall dam across from Sylvan Park. The Root River State Trail and other bike paths also serve the town. An Amish community is in the area and the town is home to many unique shops and restaurants, and a professional stage theater.
Yield (hydrology)
The term yield is used to describe the volume of water escaping from a spring over a certain period of time, the discharge quantity of which is measured in [l/s]. Measurement methods include volume–filling-time measurement and water level measurement.

The discharge of a spring can fluctuate to a greater or lesser extent depending on precipitation and evaporation. Karst springs show particularly large time-dependent differences in the discharge.

Discharge (hydrology)
In hydrology, discharge is the volumetric flow rate (volume per time, in units of m3/h or ft3/h) of a stream. It equals the product of average flow velocity (with dimension of length per time, in m/h or ft/h) and the cross-sectional area (in m2 or ft2). It includes any suspended solids (e.g. sediment), dissolved chemicals like CaCO3(aq), or biologic material (e.g. diatoms) in addition to the water itself. Terms may vary between disciplines. For example, a fluvial hydrologist studying natural river systems may define discharge as streamflow, whereas an engineer operating a reservoir system may equate it with outflow, contrasted with inflow.
South West Island (Northern Territory)
South West Island is an island in the Sir Edward Pellew Group in the Gulf of Carpentaria, Northern Territory, Australia. Its area is 81.27 square kilometres (31.38 sq mi). All of its population, numbering 10, lives in South West Island (also called Wathanka or Wathunga), a family outstation on the north coast.

The Sir Edward Pellew Group are the traditional lands of the Yanyuwa people, most of whom now live in Borroloola.

It is home to the canefield rat, which are few in number and considered a threatened species in this area, although plentiful in north-eastern Australia.

15°43′26″S 136°39′54″E﻿ / ﻿15.724°S 136.665°E﻿ / -15.724; 136.665

Threatened species
A threatened species is any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which is vulnerable to extinction in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of critical depensation, a mathematical measure of biomass related to population growth rate. This quantitative metric is one method of evaluating the degree of endangerment without direct reference to human activity.
Ellie Cornell
Ellie Cornell is an American actress and producer. She made her film debut in the 1988 film Married to the Mob before becoming known for her roles as Rachel Carruthers in Halloween 4: The Return of Michael Myers (1988) and Halloween 5: The Revenge of Michael Myers (1989), and as Detective Janet Wright in the TV series Femme Fatales.

Married to the Mob
Married to the Mob is a 1988 American crime romantic comedy film directed by Jonathan Demme, written by Barry Strugatz and Mark R. Burns, and starring Michelle Pfeiffer, Matthew Modine, Dean Stockwell, Mercedes Ruehl, and Alec Baldwin. Pfeiffer plays Angela de Marco, a gangster's widow from Long Island, opposite Modine as the undercover FBI agent assigned the task of investigating her mafia connections.

The film was released on August 19, 1988, by Orion Pictures. It earned positive reviews from critics and earned several accolades; Pfeiffer was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical, and Stockwell was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.

Demme called it "a complete escapist fantasy... fun to do, and very cathartic, revivifying."
Cokato Museum & Gust Akerlund Studio
The Cokato Museum & Gust Akerlund Studio is a local history museum in Cokato, Minnesota, United States, focused on the city of Cokato and the surrounding townships of southwest Wright County.  The museum comprises two adjacent buildings, the modern museum hall and the August Akerlund Photographic Studio—the only known early-20th-century photographic studio still standing in the Upper Midwest.  The museum is operated through a partnership between the City of Cokato and the Cokato Historical Society, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization.

Upper Midwest
The Upper Midwest is a northern subregion of the U.S. Census Bureau's Midwestern United States. Although the exact boundaries are not uniformly agreed upon, the region is usually defined to include the states of Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin, North Dakota, and South Dakota; some definitions include parts of Nebraska and Illinois.