hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
4C +41.17
4C +41.17 is a radio galaxy located in the constellation Auriga. With the redshift of 3.79, it is located nearly 11.7 billion light-years from Earth. At the time of its discovery in 1988, it was one of the most distant galaxies ever seen.

Emission spectrum
The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to electrons making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The photon energy of the emitted photons is equal to the energy difference between the two states. There are many possible electron transitions for each atom, and each transition has a specific energy difference. This collection of different transitions, leading to different radiated wavelengths, make up an emission spectrum. Each element's emission spectrum is unique. Therefore, spectroscopy can be used to identify elements in matter of unknown composition. Similarly, the emission spectra of molecules can be used in chemical analysis of substances.
Jerome Hellman
Jerome Hellman (September 4, 1928 – May 26, 2021) was an American film producer. He is best known for being the 42nd recipient of the Academy Award for Best Picture for Midnight Cowboy (1969). His 1978 film Coming Home was nominated for the same award.

The World of Henry Orient
The World of Henry Orient  is a 1964 American comedy-drama film  directed by George Roy Hill and starring Peter Sellers, Paula Prentiss, Angela Lansbury, Tippy Walker, Merrie Spaeth, Phyllis Thaxter, Bibi Osterwald, and Tom Bosley. It is based on the novel of the same name by Nora Johnson, who co-wrote the screenplay with her father, Nunnally Johnson.

The original story was inspired in part by Nora Johnson's own experiences as a schoolgirl, as well as by a real-life incident involving singer Tony Bennett and two teenage fans.
Zhejiang Normal University East Stadium
Zhejiang Normal University East Stadium is a stadium in Jinhua, China. It was a venue for the 19th Asian Games and has hosted some international football matches. It was opened in 2007 and was renovated from 2019 to 2022 for the 19th Asian Games.

2022 Asian Games
The 2022 Asian Games (2022年亚洲运动会), officially the 19th Asian Games (第十九届亚洲运动会) and also known as Hangzhou 2022 (杭州2022), were a continental multi-sport event which was held from 23 September to 8 October 2023 in Hangzhou, China. The games marked the 110th anniversary since the creation of the first continental event, starting with the 1913 Far Eastern Championship Games.

Originally scheduled to take place from 10 to 25 September 2022, on 6 May 2022 the Games were postponed to 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The new dates were announced on 19 July 2022, with the Games remaining branded as Hangzhou 2022. Hangzhou was the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games, after Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.
Christian Bouckenooghe
Christian "Kris" Bouckenooghe (born 7 February 1977) is a retired New Zealand association football player of Belgian and Cook Island Māori descent. He played as a defender, mostly in the lower divisions of Belgian football with one season in the Belgian First Division.

New Zealand men's national football team
The New Zealand men's national football team (Māori: Tīma hoka a-motu o Aotearoa) represents New Zealand in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the governing body for football in New Zealand, New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the All Whites (Māori: Ōmā [ɔːmaː]).

The team represented New Zealand at the FIFA World Cup tournaments in 1982 and 2010, and are set to appear in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It also participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 1999, 2003, 2009, and 2017. New Zealand is a six-time OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand was the only unbeaten country in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, drawing all three group stage games; nevertheless, they were eliminated in the group stage.
Bergerac station
Bergerac is a railway station in Bergerac, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. The station is located on the Libourne - Le Buisson railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by SNCF. The station is 39m above sea level. It is at kilometre point 607.481 on the line from Libourne to Buisson. Formerly there was also a junction with the line to Magnac-sur-Touvre.

Transport express régional
Transport express régional (French pronunciation: [tʁɑ̃spɔʁ ɛksprɛs ʁeʒjɔnal], usually shortened to TER) is the brand name used by the SNCF, the French national railway company, to denote rail service run by the regional councils of France, specifically their organised transport authorities. The network serves French regions; Île-de-France (Transilien) and Corsica (CFC) have their own specific transport systems. Every day, over 800,000 passengers are carried on 5,700 TER-branded trains.

TER is part of SNCF Voyageurs, a branch of the SNCF dealing with urban and regional passenger rail, which also includes Transilien, Intercités, Chemins de fer de la Corse (CFC), Keolis, and Effia.
Virginia Credit Union Stadium
Virginia Credit Union Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Fredericksburg, Virginia. The stadium has 5,000 seats, a 300-seat club facility, and 13 suites. The estimated cost of the stadium is $35 million. It is home to the Fredericksburg Nationals, a Minor League Baseball team of the Carolina League and an affiliate of the Washington Nationals, since 2021. The stadium will also host a variety of community athletic and social events. In 2020 and 2021, it served as the alternate training site for the Washington Nationals.

Carolina League
The Carolina League is a Minor League Baseball league which has operated along the Atlantic Coast of the United States since 1945. Having been classified at various levels throughout its existence,: 23  it operated at Class A-Advanced from 1990 until its demotion to Single-A following Major League Baseball's 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues. The league temporarily operated for the 2021 season as the Low-A East before reassuming its original moniker in 2022.

The organization that later became the Carolina League formed in 1945, just as World War II was ending, and consisted of eight teams,  six from North Carolina and two from southern Virginia. This later grew to as many as 12 teams at times.
Laura Fortino
Laura Michele Fortino (born January 30, 1991) is a Canadian and Italian ice hockey defenceman and coach. She has played in the Italian Hockey League Women (IHLW) with Real Torino HC Femminile since 2025. A former member of the Canadian national team, she won two Olympic medals and six World Championship medals during 2011 to 2019.

Fortino was selected first overall by the Brampton Thunder in the 2014 CWHL Draft. She played five seasons in the Canadian Women's Hockey League (CWHL), during which she was named the CWHL Defenceman of the Year for the 2015–16 season and won the Clarkson Cup in 2018 with the Markham Thunder (called Brampton Thunder during 1998 to 2017).

Italian Hockey League Women
The Italian Hockey League Women, abbreviated IHLW, is the premier national women's ice hockey league in Italy. It was founded in 1990 by the Federazione Italiana Sport del Ghiaccio as the Serie A Femminile; the present league name was adopted in 2017. The EVB Eagles Südtirol Alto Adige are the most successful team in league history, having won thirteen Italian Championships.
William Henry Fitzgerald
William Henry Fitzgerald (1848–1922) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

Fitzgerald was born May 15, 1848 in what is now Cedarburg, Wisconsin. Fitzgerald was originally a member during the 1878, 1879 and 1880 sessions. After the length of sessions were change to two years, he was again a member during the 1891 and 1893 sessions. Previously, Fitzgerald was Town Treasurer of Cedarburg in 1872 and Chairman (similar to Mayor) of Cedarburg in 1876 and 1877. Additionally, he was a justice of the peace. Fitzgerald was identified as an Independent Democrat and a Democrat. He married Teresa M. Dunn (1853–1933) and died on January 3, 1922, in Grafton, Wisconsin.

Independent Democrat
In U.S. politics, an independent Democrat is an individual who is loosely associated with the Democratic Party but forgoes membership in the party to remain a independent, or is denied the Democratic nomination in a caucus or primary election. Independent Democrats are not a political party unto themselves and have varying political views; stances significantly to the right or left of the party mainstream are a common reason for becoming an independent Democrat.
Lina Hernández
Lina Marcela Hernández Gómez (born 4 January 1999) is a Colombian track and road racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Continental Team Colombia Potencia de la Vida–Strongman Femenino.

She competed at the 2021 and 2022 UCI Road World Championships, in the time trial and road race both years. She won the road race at the 2021 Pan American Road Championships.

2021 UCI Road World Championships
The 2021 UCI Road World Championships was the 94th edition of the UCI Road World Championships, the annual world championships for road bicycle racing. It was held between 19 and 26 September 2021 in the Flanders region of Belgium. The region was chosen in light of the centenary of the world championships with the UCI opting for a return to one of the original founding countries.
Nipponosaurus
Nipponosaurus (meaning "Japanese lizard") is a lambeosaurine hadrosaur from sediments of the Yezo Group, in Sinegorsk on the island of Sakhalin, which was part of Japan at the time of the species' classification. The type and only species is N. sachalinensis, known only from a single juvenile specimen discovered in 1934 and named in 1936, by Takumi Nagao, with further material of the same individual found in 1937. Since then, the taxon has been largely ignored, and its validity has been doubted, with synonymy with other Asian hadrosaurs or status as a nomen dubium being suggested. Redescriptions from 2004 and 2017, however, have supported recognition as a distinct species. Dating the only specimen has been difficult, but based on associated mollusc taxa, the species likely lived sometime in the upper Santonian or lower Campanian, around 80 million years ago.

Karafuto Prefecture
Karafuto Prefecture (樺太庁, Karafuto-chō; Japanese pronunciation: [ka.ɾa.ɸɯ̥.to]) was established  by the Empire of Japan in 1907 to govern the southern part of Sakhalin. This territory became part of the Empire of Japan in 1905 after the Russo-Japanese War, when the portion of Sakhalin south of 50°N was ceded by the  Russian Empire under the Treaty of Portsmouth.

Karafuto Prefecture was established in 1907 to govern Karafuto, which was part of Japan's External Land (Gaichi), until it was incorporated into an Inner Land (Naichi) of the Japanese metropole in April 1943. Ōtomari (Korsakov) was the capital of Karafuto from 1905 to 1908 and Toyohara (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk) from 1908 to 1945.

In August 1945, the Japanese administration ceased to function following the Soviet invasion of South Sakhalin. The Soviet Union annexed Karafuto Prefecture, although it continued to exist under Japanese law until Japan formally abolished it in June 1949.
2019–20 Men's Volleyball Thailand League
The 2019–20 Men's Volleyball Thailand League is the 15th season of the Men's Volleyball Thailand League, the top Thai professional league for men's volleyball clubs, since its establishment in 2005, also known as CP Men's Volleyball Thailand League due to the sponsorship deal with Charoen Pokphand. A total of 8 teams will compete in the league. The season will begin on 18 January 2019 and is scheduled to conclude in 2019. This season will be organized by the Thailand Volleyball Association (TVA) instead Thailand Volleyball Co., Ltd. The season started.

Nakhon Ratchasima
Nakhon Ratchasima (Thai: นครราชสีมา, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn râːt.t͡ɕʰā.sǐː.māː]) is the capital of Nakhon Ratchasima province, the largest city in Northeastern Thailand and the third-largest city in Thailand. It is 250 kilometres (160 mi) northeast of Bangkok, one of the four major cities of Isan (Northeast Thailand), known as the "big four of Isan", and has a population of 466,098 people as of 2021. The city is commonly known as Korat (โคราช, pronounced [kʰōː.râːt]), a shortened form of its name.

Korat is at the western edge of the Korat Plateau. Historically, it once marked the boundary between Lao and Siam territory. It is the gateway to the Lao-speaking northeast of Thailand.
John Foy
John Joseph Foy  (March 26, 1882 – February 10, 1960) was an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics.

Foy was born in Cootehill, Ireland and immigrated to New York, where he competed for the Star Athletic Club. He died in Elmhurst, Queens, New York in 1960, aged 77.

He was the winner of the Pastime Athletic Club Open Handicap cross country run in 1902.

In 1904 he did not finish in the men's marathon.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Nguyễn Minh Tùng
Nguyễn Minh Tùng (born 9 August 1992) is a Vietnamese professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for V.League 1 club Thể Công-Viettel.

Minh Tung made his full international debut for Vietnam in 2014, and earned 4 caps over three years.

Vietnamese National Football Super Cup
Vietnamese National Football Super Cup (Vietnamese: Siêu cúp bóng đá Việt Nam), also called the Thaco National Football Super Cup due to sponsorship reasons, is Vietnamese football's annual match contested between the champions of the previous V.League 1 season and the holders of the Vietnamese Cup. If the V.League 1 champions also won the Vietnamese Cup, then the league runners-up provide the opposition. The fixture was first played in the 1998–99 season.

The current holders are Vietnamese Cup winners Cong An Hanoi, who defeated runner-ups Thep Xanh Nam Dinh 3–2 in the 2025 fixture.
Arnulf II (archbishop of Milan)
Arnulf II (died 25 February 1018, in Milan)  was Archbishop of Milan from 998 to 1018.

He descended from the noble family of Arsago, being the son of Dagibert of Arsago. Among his brothers, Landulf of Arsago was Bishop of Brescia and Lanfrank of Arsago was the grandfather on the mother's side of Anselm of Besate.

In 1001, Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor, at the time living in Rome, sent him to Byzantium to take a Byzantine princess as his future wife and empress. However Arnulf II, on his journey back to Rome, was reached by the news of the emperor's death.

When Arduin of Ivrea, in lieu of Henry of Saxony (the future Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor), the dynastic successor of Otto III, was elected King of Italy and crowned in Pavia, the traditional site of the crowning of the Lombard and Italian kings, Arnulf II stood on the side of Henry. After the defeat of Arduin of Ivrea, Arnulf II went to Pavia to crown Henry of Saxony, on 15 May 1004, the new King of Italy.

Arsago Seprio
Arsago Seprio is a town and comune located in the province of Varese, in the Lombardy region of northern Italy.

It is known for archaeological remains of a Longobard (or Lombard) necropolis and a Romanic church and baptistery from the 9th and 10th century AD. Arsago is also known in the international sporting world as the site of World motocross championships which have been taking place since the mid-1980s.
Amund Braaten
Amund Braaten (6 December 1849 – 2 October 1919) was a Norwegian farmer and politician.

He was born at Slåstadbråten in Sør-Odal Municipality as a son of farmers Jest Braaten (1802–1859) and Marthe Melgaarden (1813–1871). He was a farmer at Slåstadbråten until 1887, when he took over as forest manager for the companies And. H. Kiær & Co. and Lier, Varald og Bogen. He remained so until 1919.

From 1889 to 1891 he was a member of the school board and the municipal council for Kongsvinger Municipality. He later served on the municipal council for Vinger Municipality from 1895 to 1897, then again on the municipal council for Kongsvinger Municipality again from 1910 to 1913. In the 1915 election he stood as the running mate of Axel Thallaug in the constituency Lillehammer, Hamar, Gjøvik og Kongsvinger, and was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway for one term, representing the Liberal Left Party. The term finished in 1918, and he died in 1919.

1915 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 21 October 1915, with a second round between 4 and 11 November. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 74 of the 123 seats in the Storting.
CAVNET
CAVNET was a secure military forum which became operational in April 2004. A part of SIPRNet, it allows fast access to knowledge acquired on the ground in combat.

It was used in Iraq war, and helps US military forces against the insurgents' adaptive tactics by providing data laterally and on a broader scale than with traditional reports.

The data shared between patrols on "The Net" (as is it is sometimes referred to by soldiers) has already played a crucial role to dismantle grenade-traps hidden behind posters of Moqtada al-Sadr that US soldiers often rip down.

Muqtada al-Sadr
Muqtada al-Sadr (born 4 August 1974) is an Iraqi cleric, politician and former militia leader. A leading Shia Muslim, he inherited the leadership of the Sadrist Movement from his father, and founded the now-dissolved Mahdi Army militia in 2003 that resisted the American occupation of Iraq.

He also founded the Promised Day Brigade insurgent group after the dissolution of the Mahdi Army; both were backed by Iran. In 2014, he founded the Peace Companies militia and serves as its current head. In 2018, he joined his Sadrist political party to the Saairun alliance, which won the highest number of seats in the 2018 and 2021 Iraqi parliamentary elections.
Step 2 payments
Step 2 payments are one of the three cotton competitiveness provisions intended to keep U.S. cotton competitive in domestic and export markets (initially authorized by the 1990 farm bill (P.L. 101-624)).  Under the Step 2 provision, USDA is required to issue marketing certificates (or cash payments in lieu of certificates) to domestic users of upland cotton for documented purchases, and to exporters of upland cotton for documented sales, when certain U.S. cotton pricing benchmarks are exceeded.  The payments provide a subsidy to U.S. cotton users and exporters so that U.S. rather than foreign cotton will be utilized, even when U.S. cotton is higher-priced.  The 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127) and the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107-171, Sec. 1208) continued the Step 2 provisions.

Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990
The Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade (FACT) Act of 1990 — P.L. 101-624 (November 28, 1990) was a 5-year omnibus farm bill that passed Congress and was signed into law.

This bill, also known as the 1990 farm bill, continued to move agriculture in a market-oriented direction by freezing target prices and allowing more planting flexibility.
Salasco
Salasco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Turin and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Vercelli.

The municipality of Salasco contains the frazione Selve, a typical cascina a corte of the Vercellese rice paddy fields landscape.

Salasco borders the following municipalities: Crova, Lignana, Sali Vercellese, San Germano Vercellese, and Vercelli.

Selve, together with the nearby Tenuta Veneria (comune of Lignana), was a filming location for Bitter Rice, a 1949 neorealistic movie starring Silvana Mangano and Vittorio Gassman.

Cascina a corte
Cascina a corte (Italian: [kaʃˈʃiːna a kˈkorte]; lit. 'courtyard-provided farmstead'; plural: cascine a corte), or more simply cascina (Lombard: cassina [kaˈsina]; Piedmontese: cassin-a [kaˈsiŋa]), refers to a type of rural building traditional of the Po Valley, northern Italy, especially of Lombardy and of some areas of Piedmont and Emilia-Romagna.

Also known as cascine lombarde or just cascine, these buildings are reported in the Po Valley at least since the 16th century, even though they became common in the 18th and 19th centuries. In particular, during the Napoleonic era, a number of religious buildings were confiscated and transformed into cascine.
The Inner Circle (1991 film)
The Inner Circle is a 1991 drama film by Russian director Andrei Konchalovsky, telling the story of Joseph Stalin's private projectionist and KGB officer Ivan Sanchin (real name Alex Ganchin) between 1939 and 1953, the year Stalin died. Sanchin is played by Tom Hulce, and the film co-stars Lolita Davidovitch and Bob Hoskins. The film is based on a true story and is an American, Italian and Russian production. It is in English and has a running time of 137 minutes.

The Inner Circle was nominated for awards at the 42nd Berlin International Film Festival and the 1993 Nika Awards. The film received mixed reviews from critics. Bob Hoskins would later play another important Soviet figure: Nikita Khrushchev in Jean-Jacques Annaud's Enemy at the Gates.

Nika Award
The Nika Award (sometimes styled NIKA Award) is the main annual national film award in Russia, presented by the Russian Academy of Cinema Arts and Science, and seen as the national equivalent of the Oscars.

In 2022 nominees were announced, but the award ceremony was postponed and, eventually, cancelled.

The Award ceremony was also cancelled in 2023.
Saimaa ringed seal
The Saimaa ringed seal (Pusa saimensis, Finnish: saimaannorppa) is a species of seal. It is among the most endangered seals in the world, having a total population of only about 500 individuals. The only existing population of these seals is found in Lake Saimaa, Finland. It has lived in complete isolation from other ringed seal populations for around 9,500 years, and have diverged into a morphologically and ecologically different species or subspecies. The population is descended from ringed seals that were separated from the rest when the land rose after the last ice age. This seal, along with the Baikal seal, the Ladoga seal, and the Ungava seal, is one of the few living freshwater seals.

The Saimaa ringed seal was previously considered a subspecies of ringed seal called Pusa hispida saimensis.

Post-glacial rebound
Post-glacial rebound (also called isostatic rebound or crustal rebound) is the rise of land masses after the removal of the huge weight of ice sheets during the last glacial period, which had caused isostatic depression. Post-glacial rebound and isostatic depression are phases of glacial isostasy (glacial isostatic adjustment, glacioisostasy), the  deformation of the Earth's crust in response to changes in ice mass distribution. The direct raising effects of post-glacial rebound are readily apparent in parts of Northern Eurasia, Northern America, Patagonia, and Antarctica. However, through the processes of ocean siphoning and continental levering, the effects of post-glacial rebound on sea level are felt globally far from the locations of current and former ice sheets.