hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Traditional Vietnamese musical instruments
Traditional Vietnamese musical instruments are the musical instruments used in the traditional and classical musics of Vietnam. They comprise a wide range of string, wind, and percussion instruments, used by both the Viet (Kinh) majority as well as the nation's ethnic minorities.

Demographics of Vietnam
Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic Vietnamese, or the Viet people (known officially as Kinh), mostly live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese, while other ethnic groups also speak a variety of languages; together, these communities contribute to the country's diverse demographic composition. Originating in northern Vietnam, the Viet gradually pushed southward and make up much of Vietnam's political landscape. A Vietnamese diaspora can also be found worldwide.

Vietnam's population reached just over 100 million in 2023, making it the 15th largest country by population in the world. It is predicted that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society.
Percy Wickremasinghe
Percy Abeywardhana Wickremasinghe (27 March 1918 – 26 November 1987) was a Sri Lankan politician.

Wickremasinghe first contested for parliament at the 3rd parliamentary election in 1956, representing the Ceylon Communist Party in the Hakmana Electoral District but was defeated by the United National Party candidate, C. A. Dharmapala.

Wickremasinghe was elected at the 4th parliamentary election in March 1960, in the newly created seat of  Kamburupitiya, polling 9,442 votes (41%). He retained the seat in the subsequent elections in July that year, increasing his margin by 20% securing 61% of the vote. He ran again at the parliamentary elections in 1965 holding on to the seat with a reduced margin of 57% of the vote, however he did not contest the 1970 parliamentary elections.

Kamburupitiya Electoral District
Kamburupitiya electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between March 1960 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Kamburupitiya in Matara District, Southern Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Kamburupitiya electoral district was replaced by the Matara multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections.
Turnback Creek
Turnback Creek is a stream in the Ozarks of southwest Missouri. The stream headwaters are in western Christian County just southwest of Billings. The stream flows north-northwest after passing under U.S. Route 60 and on through the extreme southwest corner of Greene County and into Lawrence County. In Lawrence County the stream flows northwest passing under Interstate 44 southwest of Halltown and into southeast Dade County. In Dade County the stream flows generally north and enters the Sac River arm of Stockton Lake at U.S. Route 160 east of Greenfield.

The stream source is at 37°02′26″N 93°36′23″W﻿ / ﻿37.04056°N 93.60639°W﻿ / 37.04056; -93.60639, and its confluence is at 37°26′46″N 93°45′26″W﻿ / ﻿37.44611°N 93.75722°W﻿ / 37.44611; -93.75722.

Turnback Creek was named from an incident in the 1830s when a group of pioneers "turned back" and headed back east due to harsh winter weather.

Dilday Mill was formerly located on Turnback Creek.

U.S. Route 60
U.S. Route 60 is a major east–west United States highway, traveling 2,655 miles (4,273 km) from southwestern Arizona to the Atlantic Ocean coast in Virginia. 
The highway's eastern terminus is in Virginia Beach, Virginia, where it is known as General Booth Boulevard, just south of the city's Oceanfront resort district at the intersection of Rudee Point Road and Harbor Point. Its original western terminus was in Springfield, Missouri; it was then extended to Los Angeles, California, but in 1964, it was truncated to end southwest of Brenda, Arizona, at an interchange with Interstate 10 (I-10) after the US 60 highway designation was removed from California. I-10 replaced US 60 from Beaumont, California, to Arizona, and California State Route 60 (SR 60) replaced US 60 from Los Angeles to Beaumont.
Hating Kapatid (film)
Hating Kapatid (transl. Sibling Share) is a 2010 Filipino comedy-drama film produced and released by Viva Films. The film is about two sisters, Rica (Judy Ann Santos) and Cecil (Sarah Geronimo), and how the return of their Overseas Filipino Worker parents change their sibling relationship.

Overseas Filipino Worker
Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) is a term often used to refer to Filipino migrant workers, people with Filipino citizenship who reside in another country for a limited period of employment. The number of these workers was roughly 1.77 million between April and September 2020. Of these, female workers comprised a larger portion, making up 59.6 percent, or 1.06 million. However, this number declined to 405.62 thousand between 2019 and 2020.

OFW money remittances to relatives in the Philippines are a major contributor to the Philippine economy, reaching a total of P1.9 trillion in 2022, which represented some 8.9% of the Philippines' Gross Domestic Product.
Mundo Gaturro
Mundo Gaturro (abbreviated as MG) is a multiplayer online game (MMO) for children based on the character Gaturro. The site was developed in 2010 by the Argentine company QB9 Entertainment, the same year a film adaptation of the comic book character and animated series was released. In 2012, it received an award in the children's category at the Mate.ar Awards.

Gaturro
Gaturro is an Argentine comic strip created by cartoonist Cristian Dzwonik ("Nik"). The comic has been published in more than 50 books, magazines and comic volumes. An animated film of the same name was released theatrically in Argentina on September 9, 2010.
Frans De Mulder
Frans De Mulder (17 December 1937 in Kruishoutem – 5 March 2001 in Deinze) was a professional road racing cyclist from Belgium between 1958 and 1963.

De Mulder is most famous for winning the overall title and four stages the 1960 Vuelta a España. He bested fellow countryman Armand Desmet and Spaniard Miguel Pacheco across 3566 km in 17 stages.

A medical examination in 1963 revealed that he had a shortage of red blood cells. After a six-month rest period, De Mulder no longer had the strength to return. At the age of just 26, he disappeared from the peloton.

After his cycling career, luck wasn't on his side. In a serious accident in the port of Antwerp, a heavy cable snapped and landed on him, paralyzing his arm. He died in 2001 from a heart attack at the age of just 63.

His brother Marcel De Mulder was also a professional cyclist.

Kruishoutem
Kruishoutem (Dutch: [krœysˈɦʌutəm]; French: Cruyshautem, also used in English) is a village and was a municipality located in the Belgian province of East Flanders. The municipality comprised the towns of Kruishoutem proper, Nokere and Wannegem-Lede. In January 2018, the municipality of Kruishoutem had a total population of 8,086. The total area is 46.76 km2. On 1 January 2019, Kruishoutem and Zingem merged into the new municipality of Kruisem.

The SONS Museum is located in Kruisem.
Cambray, Ontario
Cambray is a community in Kawartha Lakes, Ontario, situated at the intersection of Cambray Road and Elm Tree Road. It is on the main street connecting Woodville to Lindsay.

Originally a native encampment, Cambray was established as a mill site between Lindsay and Eldon Station. The first farm was owned by the Jarvis Family, followed by the Sinclair and Wilkinson families. It was located in Fenelon Township, Victoria County until 2001, when it was reformed as Kawartha Lakes.

Joseph Wilkinson named the village and township because he admired the literary works of François Fénelon, Archbishop of Cambrai. He also founded one of the first mills in 1855.

François Fénelon
François de Salignac de la Mothe-Fénelon, P.S.S. (French: [fʁɑ̃swa də saliɲak də la mɔt fenəlɔ̃]), more commonly known as François Fénelon (6 August 1651 – 7 January 1715), was a French Catholic archbishop, theologian, poet and writer. Today, he is remembered mostly as the author of The Adventures of Telemachus, first published in 1699. He was a member of the Sulpician Fathers.
Africa (surname)
Africa is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Candido Africa (1895–1945), Filipino medical researcher

Coco weAfrica (born 1991), Zimbabwean musician

Dale Africa (born 1981), US Virgin Islands cricketer

John Africa (1931–1985), American activist

J. Simpson Africa (1832–1900), American politician

Keagan Africa (born 1985), South African cricketer

Melrick Africa (born 1978), Namibian rugby union player

Susan Africa (born 1959), Filipino actress

Zayn Africa (born 1994), Nigerian musician

John Africa
John Africa (July 26, 1931 – May 13, 1985), born Vincent Leaphart, was an American social activist who was the founder of MOVE, a Philadelphia-based, predominantly African American organization active since the early 1970s. He and his followers were killed at the residential home which served as the headquarters of MOVE, in a fire after the Philadelphia Police Department bombed the house with C4-explosive, and let the fire rage until it was out of control following a standoff and firefight between MOVE and police.
The Mitchells vs. the Machines (soundtrack)
The Mitchells vs. the Machines (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album to the 2021 animated film computer-animated film of the same name. The album, released by Sony Classical Records on April 30, 2021, coinciding with the film's Netflix release, features an original score composed by Mark Mothersbaugh, and an original song titled "On My Way" (which was played during the end credits) performed by Alex Lahey. Songs from various artists, including T.I., Los Campesinos!, Sigur Rós, Talking Heads, Grimes, Le Tigre, BTS, The Mae Shi and Madeon, were incorporated in the film.

Sigur Rós
Sigur Rós (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈsɪːɣʏrous] ⓘ) is an Icelandic post-rock band that formed in 1994 in Reykjavík. It comprises lead vocalist and guitarist Jón Þór "Jónsi" Birgisson, bassist Georg Hólm, and keyboardist Kjartan Sveinsson. Known for their ethereal sound, frontman Jónsi's falsetto vocals, and their use of bowed guitar, Sigur Rós incorporate classical and minimal aesthetic elements. Jónsi's vocals are sung in Icelandic and non-linguistic vocalisations the band terms Vonlenska. They have released eight studio albums, and attracted critical and commercial attention with their second album Ágætis byrjun.
Nepal Police women's volleyball team
Nepal Police V.C. is a Nepalese women's professional volleyball club based in Kathmandu and owned and managed by Nepal Police. The club was founded in 2003 and currently a participant in the PM Cup NVA Volleyball League. NPC has a historic rivallry with Armed Police Force (APF) volleyball club, often facing them in tournament finals.

Nepal Police
Nepal Police (Nepali: नेपाल प्रहरी, romanized: Nēpāl praharī) is the national and primary national law enforcement agency of Nepal, operating under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is primarily responsible for maintaining law and order, prevention of crime and crime investigation within the jurisdiction determined by the Constitution of Nepal. Apart from its primary role, Nepal Police conducts a vast array of duties such as VIP protection, Security of Vital Installations, Traffic management, Secret services, Intelligence collection, Riot Control, Disaster management, Hostage rescue and various other Ceremonial roles. Nepal Police is currently led by Inspector General of Police Dan Bahadur Karki since 13 November 2025. He is the 33rd IGP of Nepal Police.
Theerpu
Theerpu (transl. Judgement) is a 1982 Indian Tamil-language film directed by R. Krishnamoorthy. The film stars Jaishankar, Sujatha, K. Balaji and Sivaji Ganesan. It is a remake of the Malayalam film Ithihasam. The film was released on 21 April 1982, and had a theatrical run of over 100 days.

Sujatha (actress)
Sujatha (10 December 1952 – 6 April 2011) was an Indian actress who worked in Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu films in addition to few in Kannada and Hindi languages as well. The actress was best known for restraint and subtlety in portrayal of varied emotions. After starring in numerous Malayalam films in her mother-tongue, Sujatha later got introduced to the Tamil film industry by veteran director K. Balachander and as a protagonist in her first Tamil film, Aval Oru Thodar Kathai (1974).
Granville County, North Carolina
Granville County is a county located on the northern border of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 60,992. Its county seat is Oxford. The county has access to Kerr Lake and Falls Lake and is part of the Roanoke, Tar and Neuse River watersheds.

Kerr Lake State Recreation Area
Kerr Lake State Recreation Area is a North Carolina state park in Vance and Warren counties, North Carolina, in the United States. Located north of Henderson near the North Carolina-Virginia border, it includes 3,376 acres (13.66 km2) of woodlands along the shores of the 50,000-acre (202 km2) man-made Kerr Lake. The lake, and thus the park, are named for Congressman John H. Kerr, who supported the original lake project.
Sairocarpus nuttallianus
Sairocarpus nuttallianus, commonly known as Nuttall's snapdragon or violet snapdragon, is a species of New World snapdragon.

It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it can be found from the immediate coastline to the inland coastal ranges.

Antirrhinum
Antirrhinum is a genus of plants in the Plantaginaceae family, commonly known as dragon flowers or snapdragons because of the flowers' fancied resemblance to the face of a dragon that opens and closes its mouth when laterally squeezed. They are also sometimes called toadflax or dog flower. They are native to rocky areas of Europe, the United States, Canada, and North Africa. Antirrhinum species are widely used as ornamental plants in borders and as cut flowers.
L-Fuculokinase
L-Fuculokinase (EC 2.7.1.51) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + L-fuculose (L-fuculokinase) ⇌ ADP + L-fuculose-1-phosphate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and L-fuculose, whereas its two products are ADP and L-fuculose-1-phosphate.

The gene name used for the gene that encodes L-fuculokinase is fucK.

L-Fuculokinase belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with an alcohol group as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:L-fuculose 1-phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include L-fuculokinase (phosphorylating), and L-fuculose kinase. This enzyme participates in fructose and mannose metabolism.

Phosphotransferase
In biochemistry, phosphotransferases are enzymess that catalyze phosphorylations (addition of inorganic phosphate, abbreviated P, to some substrate)

Two kinds of phosphotransferases are kinases where ATP donates P and phosphorylases where inorganic phosphate is the P donor.
Social aspects of television
The medium of television has had many influences on society since its inception. The belief that this impact has been dramatic has been largely unchallenged in media theory since its inception. However, there is much dispute as to what those effects are, how serious the ramifications are and if these effects are more or less evolutionary with human communication.

Videocassette recorder
A videocassette recorder (VCR) or video recorder is an electromechanical device that records analog audio and analog video from broadcast television or other AV sources and can play back the recording after rewinding. The use of a VCR to record a television program to play back at a more convenient time is commonly referred to as time shifting. VCRs can also play back prerecorded tapes, which were widely available for purchase and rental starting in the 80s and 90s, most popularly in the VHS videocassette format. Blank tapes were sold to make recordings.

VCRs declined in popularity during the 2000s and in 2016, Funai Electric, the last remaining manufacturer, ceased production.
Frances (ship)
A number of sailing ships have been named Frances:

Frances (1803 ship) (or Francis) was built in India or the East Indies circa 1795, possibly under another name, and entered British records in 1803. Between 1803 and 1807 she made three voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved persons. After the end of British participation in the slave trade in 1807, Frances started trading with Spain and the West Indies. She was wrecked in January 1809.

Frances, a 368-ton (bm) whaler built in 1824.

Frances, a schooner wrecked in 1837.

Frances (1839), a cutter built in 1839, that was wrecked in 1840 upon Neptune Island, South Australia.

Frances, a 332-ton sailing ship, that transported passengers from Liverpool to Melbourne in 1841.

Frances (1859 convict ship), a sailing ship that carried one convict to Western Australia from Madras in 1859.

Frances (1839)
Frances was a cutter built in 1839 at Encounter Bay, South Australia.  It was wrecked on South Neptune Island on 29 August 1840.
It was reported that the crew survived the wrecking event, came ashore and survived on a diet of penguin for 50 days before sending 2 people in a dinghy to Port Lincoln to seek help.  Those remaining at South Neptune Island were subsequently rescued. 
While the wreck site is protected by the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act 1976 and its location is recorded as being at 35°33′00″S 136°12′00″E﻿ / ﻿35.55000°S 136.20000°E﻿ / -35.55000; 136.20000, as of 2004 it had not been found.
Waag, Amsterdam
The Waag ("weigh house") is a 15th-century building on Nieuwmarkt square in Amsterdam. It was originally a city gate and part of the walls of Amsterdam. Later it served as a guildhall, museum, fire station and anatomical theatre, among other things.

The Waag is the oldest remaining non-religious building in Amsterdam. The building was listed as a national monument (rijksmonument) in 1970.

The Waag is depicted in Rembrandt's 1632 painting The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp. The surgeons' guild commissioned this painting for their guildhall in the Waag.

Guildhall
A guildhall, also known as a guild hall or guild house, is a historical building originally used for tax collecting by municipalities or merchants in Europe, with many surviving today in Great Britain and the Low Countries. These buildings commonly become town halls and in some cases museums while retaining their original names.
Troll's Tale
Troll's Tale is an adventure video game developed in by Sunnyside Soft and published by Sierra On-Line for the Apple II in 1983. It uses the same engine for Sunnysoft's earlier game Dragon's Keep. Sierra acquired the game from Sunnysoft, along with Dragon's Keep and Bop-A-Bet by April 1983, and appointed Nancy Anderton to manage the publishing of their educational games. Peter Oliphant converted the games for the Atari 8-bit computers, Commodore 64 and, as a self-booting disk, IBM PC compatibles. Coleco made a deal with Sierra planning to release the game on ColecoVision with a Super Game Module.

The game came packaged with a paper map, showing an incomplete layout of the game and stickers to mark the treasure locations.

Peter Oliphant
Peter Oliphant (September 1, 1950 – May 24, 2023) was an American actor and video game designer. He was best known for playing Freddie Helper on the American sitcom television series The Dick Van Dyke Show. Oliphant later became a video game designer, programmer, and producer. Some games he worked on include Stonekeep and Lexi-Cross. He worked at Mattel Electronics creating handheld electronic games.

Oliphant died on May 24, 2023, at the age of 72.
Texas Fund Trapping Notice
In Mechanics lien law a Texas Fund Trapping Notice is a preliminary notice that parties on construction projects who are not directly contracted with the owner send in order to preserve the right to file a mechanics lien in the event of nonpayment in Texas. This document is called a Fund Trapping Notice because its purpose is to inform the party making payment of the value of a contract to ensure that they retain sufficient funds to pay the party furnishing labor or materials.

There are two types of Texas notices that fall into the category of Fund Trapping Notices: the Two Month Notice and the Three Month Notice. Parties contracted with the owner are not required to send any notices. Those contracted with the general contractor, must send the Three Month Notice. Those contracted with anyone else, such as a subcontractor must send both a Two Month and Three Month Notice.

General contractor
A contractor (North American English) or builder (British English), is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site, management of vendors and trades, and the communication of information to all involved parties throughout the course of a building project.

In the United States, a contractor may be a sole proprietor managing a project and performing labor or carpentry work, have a small staff, or may be a very large company managing billion dollar projects. Some builders build new homes, some are remodelers, some are developers.
Ronald Bladen
Ronald Bladen  (July 13, 1918 – February 3, 1988) was a Canadian-born American painter and sculptor. He is particularly known for his large-scale sculptures. His artistic stance, was influenced by European Constructivism, American Hard-Edge Painting, and sculptors such as Isamu Noguchi and David Smith. Bladen in turn had stimulating effect on a circle of younger artists including Carl Andre, Donald Judd, Sol LeWitt and others, who repeatedly referred to him as one of the 'father figures' of Minimal Art.

Hard-edge painting
Hard-edge painting (also referred to as hard edge or hard-edged) is painting in which abrupt transitions are found between color areas. Color areas often consist of one unvarying color. The style is related to geometric abstraction, op art, post-painterly abstraction, and color field.
Steve Basil
Stephen John Basil (April 2, 1893 – June 24, 1962) was an American Major League Baseball umpire who worked in the American League from 1936 to 1942. Basil umpired in two World Series (1937 and 1940) and in two All-Star Games (1938 and 1940). In his career, he umpired 1,037 Major League games.

1940 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The 1940 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the eighth playing of the mid-summer classic between the all-stars of the American League (AL) and National League (NL), the two leagues comprising Major League Baseball. The game was held on July 9, 1940, at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis, Missouri, the home of both the St. Louis Cardinals of the National League (who were the designated host team) and the St. Louis Browns of the American League. The game resulted in the National League defeating the American League 4–0.