hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mardin Sign Language
Mardin Sign Language (MarSL; Turkish: Mardin İşaret Dili) is a family sign language of Turkey. It was originally spoken in the town of Mardin, dating back at least five generations in a single extended family. All speakers now live in İzmir or Istanbul, and the younger generation has shifted to Turkish Sign Language.

Signers refer to their language as "dilsizce" (Turkish for "deaf language") or "eski işaretler" (Turkish for "old signs").

Mardin
Mardin (Kurdish: مێردین, romanized: Mêrdîn; Arabic: ماردين, romanized: Mārdīn; Syriac: ܡܪܕܝܢ, romanized: Mardīn; Armenian: Մարդին) is a city and seat of the Artuklu District of Mardin Province in Turkey. It is known for the Artuqid architecture of its old city, and for its strategic location on a rocky hill near the Tigris River.

In February 2000, the Turkish Ministry of Culture placed Mardin and its surrounding cultural landscape on the country’s Tentative List for UNESCO World Heritage nomination.

The city had a population of 129,864 in 2021. The population is a mix of Kurds, Arabs, Mhallami, and Assyrians.
Mojácar la Vieja
Mojácar la Vieja is an archaeological site located in Mojácar, Almería which was declared Bien de Interés Cultural.

The first archaeological fieldwork started in 2018 by Universidad de Granada, and it was discovered some structures dated in XII and XIII century. Previously in 1990 it was discovered a necropolis with the same dates.

It has been carrying out archaeological works until today.

Necropolis
A necropolis (pl.: necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek νεκρόπολις nekropolis (lit. 'city of the dead').

The term usually implies a separate burial site at a distance from a city, as opposed to tombs within cities, which were common in various places and periods of history. They are different from grave fields, which did not have structures or markers above the ground. While the word is most commonly used for ancient sites, the name was revived in the early 19th century and applied to planned city cemeteries, such as the Glasgow Necropolis.
The Trauma Myth
The Trauma Myth: The Truth About the Sexual Abuse of Children – and Its Aftermath is a psychology book by Susan A. Clancy, published by Basic Books.

In the book, Clancy states that sexual acts between adults and minors most often do not result in any traumatic reaction. The findings of the book is based on Clancy's ten years experience of interviewing people who had gone through such experiences, as well as on academic literature dating back to the early 20th century. She also discusses some specific accounts from her interviews in the book.

Basic Books
Basic Books is a book publisher founded in 1950 and located in New York City, now an imprint of Hachette Book Group. It publishes books in the fields of psychology, philosophy, economics, science, politics, sociology, current affairs, and history.
San Lorenzo Marine Archipelago National Park
San Lorenzo Marine Archipelago National Park is a national park of Mexico located on San Lorenzo Island part of an archipelago in the Gulf of California off the eastern coast of Baja California. The San Lorenzo Archipelago is considered one of the most important ecological areas of the Gulf of California. The Island and surrounding areas are part of a rich ecosystem comprised by a grand variety of flora and marine fauna. This area is protected by the Mexican federal government Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2001 because of its importance as a habitat for several endangered species. The Archipelago is part of the municipality of Mexicali, Baja California. The island is located southeast of the city separated by the Salsipuedes Channel.

Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources
The Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources (in Spanish: Secretaría del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, SEMARNAT) is Mexico's environment ministry. Its head, the Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources, is a member of the federal executive cabinet and is appointed by the President of Mexico. In September 2020, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador appointed María Luisa Albores González as Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources, the third person to occupy the post since López Obrador became President less than two years earlier in December 2018.

The Secretariat is charged with the mission of protecting, restoring, and conserving the ecosystems, natural resources, assets and environmental services of Mexico with the goal of fostering sustainable development.
Solikamsk
Solikamsk (Russian: Солика́мск, Komi-Permyak: Совкар, romanized: Sovkar, also Соликамскӧй, Sovkamsköy) is a town in Perm Krai, Russia. Modern Solikamsk is the third-largest town in the krai, with a population of  97,384 (2010 Census); 102,531 (2002 Census); 110,098 (1989 Soviet census).

Komi-Permyak language
Komi-Permyak (перем коми кыв, IPA: [ˈperem ˈkomi kɨv], or коми-пермяцкӧй кыв, IPA: [ˈkomi perˈmʲɑtskəj kɨv]), also known as Permyak, is one of two Permic varieties in the Uralic language family that form a pluricentric language, the other being Komi-Zyryan. Udmurt is another Permic language spoken outside of the region and not a member of the Komi pluricentric language.

The Komi-Permyak language, spoken in Perm Krai of Russia and written using the Komi Cyrillic alphabet, was co-official with Russian in the Komi-Permyak Okrug of Perm Krai.
Campaign Speech
"Campaign Speech" is a freestyle rap song by American rapper Eminem, released on October 19, 2016, the same day of the third United States presidential debate, and 19 days before the 2016 presidential election. It was then released on October 22, 2016, on iTunes and streaming services such as Spotify.

Freestyle rap
Freestyle rap, also simply known as freestyle, is a style of hip-hop music where an artist normally improvises an unwritten verse from the head, with or without instrumental beats, in which lyrics are recited with no particular subject or structure. It is similar to other improvisational music, such as jazz, where a lead instrumentalist acts as an improviser with a supporting band providing a beat. Freestyle originally was simply verse that is free of style, written rhymes that do not follow a specific subject matter, or predetermined cadence. The newer style with the improvisation grew popular starting in the early 1990s. It is now mainly associated with hip hop.
Nico Schlotterbeck
Nico Cedric Schlotterbeck (German pronunciation: [ˈniːko ˈʃlɔtɐˌbɛk]; born 1 December 1999) is a German professional footballer who plays primarily as a centre-back for Bundesliga club Borussia Dortmund and the Germany national team. He is known for his aerial ability, speed, strength and aggressive tackling.

2021–22 Bundesliga
The 2021–22 Bundesliga was the 59th season of the Bundesliga, Germany's premier football competition. It began on 13 August 2021 and concluded on 14 May 2022. The fixtures were announced on 25 June 2021.

Bayern Munich were the defending champions and successfully defended their title, winning their record-extending 10th consecutive title and 32nd title overall (31st in the Bundesliga era) on 23 April with three matches to spare. Bayern also became the first ever club in Europe's top five leagues to achieve a tenth consecutive league title, the previous record being Juventus' nine consecutive titles from 2012 to 2020.

Arminia Bielefeld and Greuther Furth were relegated to the 2. Bundesliga.
Micro carbon residue
Micro carbon residue, commonly known as "MCR" is a laboratory test used to determine the amount of carbonaceous residue formed after evaporation and pyrolysis of petroleum materials under certain conditions. The test is used to provide some indication of a material's coke-forming tendencies. The test results are equivalent to the test results obtained from the Conradson Carbon Residue test.

Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis (/paɪˈrɒlɪsɪs/; from Ancient Greek  πῦρ (pûr) 'fire' and  λύσις (lúsis) 'separation') is a process involving the separation of covalent bonds in organic matter by thermal decomposition within an inert environment without oxygen.
Rachel Freier
Rachel "Ruchie" Freier (born April 2, 1965) is a New York Supreme Court justice.

In 2016, she campaigned and was elected as a Civil Court judge for the Kings County 5th judicial district in New York State, thereby becoming the first Hasidic Jewish woman to be elected as a civil court judge in New York State, and the first Hasidic woman to hold public office in United States history. Although she ran for the Civil Court, after her election, she was assigned to serve on the Criminal Court in the Kings County 5th judicial district.

In January 2023 she was appointed to fill a vacancy on the New York Supreme Court, and in November 2023 she was elected to the position in her own right.  She previously worked as a real estate attorney and community activist, and served as a volunteer court lawyer in the New York City Family Court.

New York City Civil Court
The Civil Court of the City of New York is a civil court of the New York State Unified Court System in New York City that decides lawsuits involving claims for damages up to $50,000 and includes a small claims part (small claims court) for cases involving amounts up to $10,000 as well as a housing part (housing court) for landlord-tenant matters, and also handles other civil matters referred by the New York Supreme Court. The court has divisions by county (borough), but it is a single citywide court.

It handles about 25% of all the New York state and local courts' total filings. The court consists of 3 parts: Housing, Small Claims, and General Civil. The court's jurisdiction includes ejectment actions, replevin of personal property within monetary limits, equity jurisdiction limited to real property actions, real property actions such as partitions, foreclosures within monetary limits, and actions to rescind or reform a contract.
Jerome Beale
Jerome Beale was  Master of Pembroke from 1619 to 1630; and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge in 1622 to 1623.

Beale was born in Worcestershire. He graduated B.A. from  Christ's College, Cambridge in 1596; M.A. from Pembroke College, Cambridge in 1599;  B.D. in 1607 and D.D. in 1619. He held livings at Cowfold, West Wittering, Nuthurst, Hardwicke and Willingham.

Beale cited and defended the Dutch Arminian literature. He held Arminian views.

Cowfold
Cowfold is a village and civil parish between Billingshurst and Haywards Heath in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. The village is at the intersection of the A272 and A281 roads. The parish has a land area of 1,926 hectares (4,760 acres). In the 2001 census 1,864 people lived in 729 households, of whom 987 were economically active. The population at the 2011 Census had risen to 1,904.
2024 Montreux Nestlé Open
The 2024 Montreux Nestlé Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament and part of the 2024 WTA 125 tournaments (upgraded from the ITF World Tennis Tour). It took place in Montreux, Switzerland between 2 and 8 September 2024.

Montreux
Montreux (UK: /mɒ̃ˈtrɜː/, US: /mɒ̃ˈtroʊ/; French: [mɔ̃tʁø] ⓘ; Arpitan: Montrolx) is a Swiss municipality and town on the shoreline of Lake Geneva at the foot of the Alps. It belongs to the Riviera-Pays-d'Enhaut district in the canton of Vaud, having a population of nearly 27,000 with about 85,000 in the Vevey-Montreux agglomeration as of 2019.

Located in the centre of a region named the Vaud or Swiss Riviera (French: Riviera vaudoise), Montreux has been an important tourist destination since the 19th century due to its mild climate. The region includes numerous Belle Époque palaces and hotels near the shores of Lake Geneva. Montreux railway station is a stop on the Simplon Railway and is a mountain railway hub.
Amphionides
Amphionides reynaudii is a species of caridean shrimp, whose identity and position in the crustacean system remained enigmatic for a long time. It is a small (less than one inch long) planktonic crustacean found throughout the world's tropical oceans, which until 2015 was considered the sole representative of the order Amphionidacea, due to unusual morphological features. Molecular data however confirm it as a member of the caridean family Pandalidae, and the confusion of morphology is because only larval phases have so far been studied.

System
A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences.

Systems have several common properties and characteristics, including structure, function(s), behavior and interconnectivity.
Beli (moon)
Beli (Saturn LXI), provisionally known as S/2004 S 30, is a natural satellite of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, and Jan Kleyna on October 7, 2019, from observations taken between December 12, 2004, and March 21, 2007. It was given its permanent designation in August 2021. On 24 August 2022, it was named after Beli, a jötunn from Norse mythology. He is killed by Freyr with the antler of a hart (stag). According to John Lindow, the myth of Beli is partially lost. Some scholars suggest that he may be the brother of Freyr's wife Gerðr, although this is uncertain.

Beli is about 4 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 20.396 million km in 1087.84 days, at 157.5° to the ecliptic, in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.113.

Due to an error in the initial announcement of Beli, it was announced by the Minor Planet Center with the same orbit as Gerd. The issue was corrected later the same day.

Jan Kleyna
Jan T. Kleyna /ˌdʒæn ˈkliːnə/ is a postdoctoral astronomy researcher at the University of Hawaiʻi Institute for Astronomy. His area of interest is galaxy dynamics, and he has worked to develop codes for the real-time detection of moving objects such as Jovian satellites.  He has also co-discovered several of Saturn's moons.
1969 (Myka 9 album)
1969 is a studio album by American rapper Myka 9. It was released on Fake Four Inc. in 2009. Entirely produced by Canadian producer Factor Chandelier, it features guest appearances from Aceyalone, Busdriver, Awol One, and Gel Roc. The title of the album comes from the year Myka 9 was born and the zeal of that era. In promotion of the album, Myka 9 toured across the United States with Factor, Sole, and Ceschi.

Ceschi
Julio Francisco Ramos (born July 24, 1981), better known as Ceschi Ramos, or simply as Ceschi (/ˈtʃɛski/ CHESS-kee), is an American rapper from New Haven, Connecticut. He is a co-founder of Fake Four Inc. He won the Connecticut Music Awards for Best Hip Hop in 2014.
Zadoc Benedict
Zadoc Benedict was an American hat manufacturer who established the first hat factory on Main Street in Danbury, Connecticut in 1780. It had 3 employees, and made 18 hats weekly.

Legend holds that Benedict plugged a hole in his shoe with rabbit fur, and found that over time the fur turned into felt. He then supposedly developed a process of making hats from the fur of locally available animals, like rabbit and beaver.

Rabbit hair
Rabbit hair (also called rabbit fur, cony, coney, comb or lapin) is the fur of the common rabbit. It is most commonly used in the making of fur hats and coats, and is considered quite valuable today, although it was once a lower-priced commodity in the fur trade.
Rachiplusia ou
Rachiplusia ou, commonly known as the gray looper moth, is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1852. It is found in the southern and eastern parts of the United States, Montana, Nova Scotia, from Mexico to Venezuela to Ecuador and the Dominican Republic.

The wingspan is 31–41 mm. Adults are on wing from May to October or year round in the southern states.

The larvae feed on various herbaceous plants, including Chenopodium ambrosioides, Nicotiana tabacum, Trifolium, Mentha, Triticum aestivum and Tropaeolum.

Nicotiana tabacum
Nicotiana tabacum, or cultivated tobacco, is an annually grown herbaceous plant of the genus Nicotiana. N. tabacum is the most commonly grown species in the genus Nicotiana, as the plant's leaves are commercially harvested to be processed into tobacco for human use. The plant is native to Bolivia, commonly grown throughout the world and often found in cultivation. It grows to heights between 1 and 2 metres (3.3 and 6.6 ft). Research is ongoing into its ancestry among wild Nicotiana species, but it is believed to be a hybrid of Nicotiana sylvestris, N. tomentosiformis, and possibly N. otophora.
Kammergericht
The Kammergericht (KG) is the Oberlandesgericht, the highest state court, for the city-state of Berlin, Germany. As an ordinary court according to the German Courts Constitution Act (Gerichtsverfassungsgesetz), it deals with criminal and civil cases, superior to the local Amtsgerichte and the Landgericht Berlin. Its name differs from other state courts for historic reasons; it is the only court called Kammergericht in Germany.

Ordinary court
Ordinary court or judicial court is a type of court with comprehensive subject-matter jurisdiction compared to 'specialized court' with limited jurisdiction over specific field of matters, such as intellectual property court. Due to its comprehensive feature, ordinary courts usually deal with civil case and criminal case, and treated as core part of conventional judiciary. Especially for common law countries, the term superior court is used for courts with general jurisdiction (regardless of instance level in chain of appellate procedure), compared to courts with limited jurisdiction over minor, petty cases such as small claims court.

Sometimes, the term ordinary court is referred to courts with regular procedure or composition, compared to an extraordinary court with irregular procedure or composition.
Doksim Mihailović
Doksim Mihailović (Serbian: Доксим Михаиловић; 20 February 1883 – 24 October 1912) was a Macedonian Serb voivode (military commander), originally a teacher, who joined the Serbian Chetnik Organization to fight in Ottoman Macedonia, and then the Balkan Wars (in the army of the Kingdom of Serbia). Originally a teacher, he fought against the Ottomans army and later Bulgarian guerrilla bands in the Kosovo Vilayet.

Serbs of North Macedonia
Serbs are a recognized ethnic minority in North Macedonia. According to data from the 2021 census, the population of ethnic Serbs in North Macedonia is 23,847, constituting 1.3% of the total population.
1996 Thomas & Uber Cup
The 1996 Thomas & Uber Cup was the 19th tournament of the Thomas Cup, and the 16th tournament of the Uber Cup, which are the major international team competitions in world badminton.

The 1996 Thomas and Uber Cup press conference was held in Bank Rakyat Indonesia's building at the Sentra BRI Complex in Sudirman, Central Jakarta. The press conference was led by Putera Sampoerna, the chairman of PT HM Sampoerna Tbk which is the manufacturer of A Mild, the 5th Indonesian largest cigarette brand. A Mild was also the main sponsor of the 1996 Thomas and Uber Cup. The opening and closing ceremony of the tournament was led by Putera Sampoerna.

Indonesia were champions of both the Thomas Cup and the Uber Cup. The men's team defeated Denmark 5–0 in the final to win their tenth Thomas Cup title while the women's team won their third Uber Cup title by defeating China 4–1 in the final.

Sampoerna
PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk, commonly known as Sampoerna (Indonesian pronunciation: [samˈpurna]), sometimes stylised as SAMPŒRNA  is an Indonesian tobacco company owned by Philip Morris International. Sampoerna is the largest tobacco company in Indonesia. It produces clove cigarettes, otherwise locally known as kretek cigarettes. A typical brand is Sampoerna 'A' Mild, a filter cigarette in white paper.
The Rondo Brothers
The Rondo Brothers are a musical duo from San Francisco, United States, consisting of multi-instrumentalists and producers Diamond Jim (Jim Greer) and The Bastard Prince (Brandon Arnovick). They met in 1998 when Jim was working as a talent buyer at legendary SF music venue the Paradise Lounge, but did not collaborate on music until 2003 when they scored a series of NFL commercials and began a 10 year journey as performing artists, remixers, producers, DJs, multi-instrumentalists, and more.

MC Lars
Andrew Robert Nielsen (born October 6, 1982), known professionally as MC Lars, is an American rapper, producer, educator, and founder of Horris Records. A graduate of Stanford University and the University of Oxford, he has been described as a pioneer of "lit-hop", a genre blending hip-hop with themes from classical and American literature. In a 2003 song, he used the term "iGeneration", which ASCAP credited as an early instance of the term. He has performed at venues including Carnegie Hall
 and multiple TEDx events. His work frequently references authors like William Shakespeare, Edgar Allan Poe, and Herman Melville, and he is considered a key figure in the early nerdcore movement.
Canyon Hotel
The Canyon Hotel was built in Yellowstone National Park in 1910 by the Yellowstone Park Company to accommodate visitors to the area of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone and Yellowstone Falls. The hotel was built on a huge scale, with a perimeter measurement of one mile. Situated on a hill to the west of the falls, it dominated the landscape. It had an elegant resort-like air when first built.  After World War II it was regarded by the National Park Service as outdated. Suffering from neglect, it was abandoned in the late 1950s and was in the process of demolition when it was destroyed by fire in 1960.

Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone
The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone is the first large canyon  on the Yellowstone River downstream from Yellowstone Falls in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. The canyon is approximately 24 miles (39 km) long, between 800 and 1,200 ft (240 and 370 m) deep and from 0.25 to 0.75 mi (0.40 to 1.21 km) wide.
Malaya at the Commonwealth Games
The Federation of Malaya sent teams to three Commonwealth Games. Their first were in 1950, and they also attended in 1958 and 1962. They won seven medals, all in Weightlifting. Athletes from Malaya continued to compete for Malaysia when that country was established in 1963.

British North Borneo (NB) (now Sabah) and Sarawak (SAR) also competed separately at the 1958 and 1962 Games (but not winning any medals), and competed as part of Malaysia from 1966.

Crown Colony of Sarawak
The Crown Colony of Sarawak was a British Crown colony on the island of Borneo, established in 1946, shortly after the dissolution of the British Military Administration. It was succeeded as the state of Sarawak through the formation of the Federation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963.
Brackley, Prince Edward Island
Brackley is a rural municipality in Prince Edward Island, Canada. It is located on the northern boundary of Charlottetown, adjoining the Charlottetown Airport that is in the neighbourhood of Sherwood. Brackley originally incorporated in 1983. It absorbed the adjacent former municipality of Winsloe South via amalgamation on December 15, 2017.

Charlottetown Airport
Charlottetown Airport (IATA: YYG, ICAO: CYYG) is located 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) north of Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. The airport is currently run by the Charlottetown Airport Authority, is owned by Transport Canada and forms part of the National Airports System.

The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency. CBSA officers at this airport can handle aircraft with no more than 60 passengers or 368 if off-loaded in stages. They can also unload general aviation aircraft with no more that 15 people on board at the marine terminal.