hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AN/SPS-2
AN/SPS-2 is a three-dimensional radar manufactured by General Electric. It was used by the US Navy as a height finder radar after World War II, and was only used equipped aboard two naval vessels during the Cold War.

3D radar
3D radar provides for radar ranging and direction in three dimensions. In addition to range, the more common two-dimensional radar provides only azimuth for direction, whereas the 3D radar also provides elevation. Applications include weather monitoring, air defense, and surveillance.

The information provided by 3D radar has long been required, particularly for air defence and interception. Interceptors must be told the altitude to climb to before making an intercept. Before the advent of single unit 3D radars, this was achieved with separate search radars (giving range and azimuth) and separate height finding radars that could examine a target to determine altitude. These had little search capability, so were directed to a particular azimuth first found by the primary search radar.
Suryanarayana
Suryanarayan, Suryanarayana or Surya Narayana is the name of Hindu Sun God Surya. It is also a common Indian name.

Bayya Suryanarayana Murthy, Parliamentarian and leader of the Dalit movement

Kommareddi Suryanarayana, Indian Parliamentarian.

Lingam Suryanarayana, Surgeon from Andhra Pradesh, India.

Missula Suryanarayana Murti Indian politician and Member of Parliament.

Ravula Suryanarayana Murty Indian poet and writer.

Vyricherla Kishore Chandra Suryanarayana Deo Indian politician and a member of the Indian National Congress.

Yadavalli Suryanarayana Theater and cinema actor.

Suryanarayana (Bajrang Dal), Hindu activist and leader of the Bajrang Dal.

Suryanarayana Temple, Arasavalli, a temple dedicated to suryanarayana (sun god) in Arasavalli, Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India

Yadavalli Suryanarayana
Yadavalli Suryanarayana (1888–1939) was an Indian actor known for his works in Telugu cinema and Telugu theatre. He made his transition from theater to cinema in 1932. He contributed to the Telugu theatre for over three decades.
Ummarwal Billa
Ummarwal Billa is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Nakodar, 49 kilometres (30 mi) from Kapurthala, 39 kilometres (24 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 155 kilometres (96 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.
Griphobilharzia amoena
Griphobilharzia amoena is a significant trematode that infect crocodiles such as the Australian freshwater crocodile, Crocodylus johnstoni, located in Darwin, Australia with reported illness in Irian Jaya as well.  They possess a distinctive tegument that is composed of two lipid bilayers instead of a single bilayer.  The double bilayer may be an adaptation to survive the host's immune response.

Trematoda
Trematoda is a class of flatworms known as trematodes, and commonly as flukes. They are obligate internal parasites with a complex life cycle requiring at least two hosts. The intermediate host, in which asexual reproduction occurs, is a mollusk, usually a snail. The definitive host, where the flukes sexually reproduce, is a vertebrate. Infection by trematodes can cause disease in all five vertebrate groups: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish.
Steven Holl Architects
Steven Holl Architects (SHA) is a private architecture and urban design studio founded in 1977 by Steven Holl. The practice operates from offices in New York City and the Hudson Valley in the US and Beijing in China, with a team of roughly 30 designers. Steven leads the office together with principal Dimitra Tsachrelia and partners Noah Yaffe, Roberto Bannura, and Olaf Schmidt.

Hudson Valley
The Hudson Valley or Hudson River Valley comprises the valley of the Hudson River and its adjacent communities in the U.S. state of New York. The region stretches from the Capital District including Albany and Troy south to Yonkers in Westchester County, bordering New York City.
Filippo Valguarnera
Filippo Valguarnera (born August 27, 1977) is an Italian-Swedish legal scholar dedicated mainly to the study of access to nature and access to justice. He earned his law degree and Ph.D. at the University of Florence (Italy). Filippo Valguarnera spent time as a visiting fellow at Uppsala University and New York University.  Filippo Valguarnera is currently member of the law faculty at University of Gothenburg (Sweden).
Filippo Valguarnera leads together with Ugo Mattei (University of California - Hastings) and  Saki Bailey (International University College of Turin) a research project on access to commons in the frame of the Common Core of European Private Law.

University of Florence
The University of Florence (Italian: Università degli Studi di Firenze) (UNIFI) is an Italian public research university located in Florence, Italy. It comprises 12 schools and has around 50,000 students enrolled.
Gani Festival
Gani Festival or Sallar Gani in Hausa Language, is an annual traditional festival celebrated by mainly four emirates in Northern Nigeria which include Borno emirate, Hadejia emirate, Daura Emirate, and Gumel emirate. This festival holds in the same way as Durbar festival of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. The festival is held from the 12th of Rabi'al-Awwal every year in commemoration of the birth of Prophet Muhammad. Emir in company of his councils ride horses decorated with ornaments around the city. Members of the community also dress up in a special way on this day and make special food to share with family and friends. Hausa traditional music, encomium songs praising the Prophet, and dances are performed during the celebration. After the Durba, the king returns to the palace where he would be discussing with his cabinet on issues related to public affairs. The festival attracts the attention of tourists because it exhibits the culture of Hausas, Northern Nigeria and Africa.

Borno Emirate
The Borno Emirate, also known as the Borno Sultanate or Bornu Emirate, is a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria. The emirate is a remnant of the regime of the old Kanem–Bornu Empire, ruled by dynasts of the final Bornoan ruling dynasty (the al-Kanemi dynasty). The rulers of the Borno Emirate serve as ceremonial leaders, preserving political and cultural continuity with the old empire. They have continued to be styled as the shehus of Borno, continuing an imperial line established by Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi in the early 19th century.

The Borno Emirate encompasses fifteen Local Government Areas (Abadam, Chibok, Gubio, Guzamala, Jere, Kaga, Konduga, Kukawa, Mafa, Magumeri, Maiduguri, Marte, Mobbar, Monguno, and Nganzai).
Rajyashree Kumari
Rajyashree Kumari (born 4 June 1953) is a former competition shooter from India. The Arjuna Award in shooting was conferred on her in 1968, when she was 16 years old.She is the daughter of Dr. Karni Singh, Maharaja of Bikaner, daughter of Maharaja Maharani Sushila,

She  is the chairperson of the Maharaja Ganga Singhji Trust and the owner of the Lalgarh Palace. Rajyashree runs many charitable trusts and resides in Bikaner. She got married at an early age, but got divorced due to differences. She has one daughter, Anupama Kumari, and a son, Sajjan Sinh.

Ganga Singh
General Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh (13 October 1880 – 2 February 1943) was the ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Bikaner (in present-day Rajasthan, India) from 1888 to 1943. As a member of the Imperial War Cabinet, he was present in the Palace of Versailles during signing of the Treaty of Versailles, formally ending the First World War.
FIR (2022 film)
FIR: Faizal Ibrahim Raiz is a 2022 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by Manu Anand in his directorial debut and produced by Vishnu Vishal, Shubhra and Aryan Ramesh under the banner of Vishnu Vishal Studioz. The film features Vishnu Vishal, Gautham Vasudev Menon, Manjima Mohan, Reba Monica John, Raiza Wilson and Gaurav Narayanan.

The music is composed by Ashwath and editing by Prasanna GK. The film was released theatrically on 11 February 2022, where it received positive reviews from critics and became a critical and commercial success.

Manjima Mohan
Manjima Mohan is an Indian actress who primarily appears in Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu films. She started her career as a child artist in Malayalam films. she made her debut as a lead actress with  Oru Vadakkan Selfie (2015) in Malayalam  and Achcham Enbadhu Madamaiyada (2016) in Tamil. She won the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut – South in 2017.
Live at Newport (Lightnin' Hopkins album)
Live at Newport is a live album by the blues musician Lightnin' Hopkins, recorded at the Newport Folk Festival in 1965. Several tracks were released on three Vanguard Records compilation albums, The Great Blues Men (1971), Great Bluesmen Newport (1977), and Blues with a Feeling (1993), before the complete performance was released on CD in 2002.

Newport Folk Festival
The Newport Folk Festival is an annual American folk-oriented music festival in Newport, Rhode Island, which began in 1959 as a counterpart to the Newport Jazz Festival. The festival was founded by music promoter and Jazz Festival founder George Wein, music manager Albert Grossman, and folk singers Pete Seeger, Theodore Bikel, and Oscar Brand. It was one of the first modern music festivals in America and remains a focal point in folk music. The festival was held in 1959 and 1960, then annually from 1963 to 1969, first at Freebody Park and then at Festival Field. In 1985, Wein revived the festival; it has since been staged annually at Fort Adams State Park.
Alisha del Campo
Alisha Claire Mendoza del Campo (born September 20, 1999) is a Filipino professional footballer who plays as a forward for PFF Women's League club Kaya–Iloilo and the Philippines national team. She also represents the country at international level in  futsal.

UAAP football championships
The association football championships of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP) are usually held during the second semester of the school year (December–April). However, starting with UAAP Season 87, the men's and women's collegiate tournaments were shifted to the first semester, with the boys' tournament remaining in the second semester.
Spiller Cove
Spiller Cove is a small cove, part of Porlier Bay lying immediately west of Black Point along the north coast of Livingston Island, in the South Shetland Islands, which form a group of islands in the Antarctic Peninsula.

The name Spillers Cove was first mentioned by Robert Fildes in 1821. It is probably named for Captain Spiller of Liverpool, who visited the South Shetland Islands in 1820-21 and brought back some of Fildes' crew of the wrecked Cora from Desolation Island.

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
Hof van Twente
Hof van Twente (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɔ(f) fɑn ˈtʋɛntə] ⓘ) is a municipality in the region Twente, in the province Overijssel in the eastern Netherlands. The municipality was established January 1, 2001, as the result of the merger of the municipalities of Diepenheim, Goor, Markelo, Ambt Delden, and Stad Delden.

Zutphen
Zutphen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzʏtfə(n)] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Zutfent) is a city and municipality located in the province of Gelderland, Netherlands. It lies some 30 km (18.6 mi) northeast of Arnhem, on the eastern bank of the river IJssel at the point where it is joined by the Berkel. First mentioned in the 11th century, the place-name appears to mean "south fen" (zuid-veen in modern Dutch). In 2005, the municipality of Zutphen was merged with the municipality of Warnsveld, retaining its name. In 2021, the municipality had a population of 48,111.
Regular economy
A regular economy is an economy characterized by an excess demand function which has the property that its slope at any equilibrium price vector is non-zero. In other words, if we graph the excess demand function against prices, then the excess demand function "cuts" the x-axis assuring that each equilibrium is locally unique. Local uniqueness in turn permits the use of comparative statics - an analysis of how the economy responds to external shocks - as long as these shocks are not too large.

An important result due to Debreu (1970) states that almost any economy, defined by an initial distribution of consumers' endowments, is regular. In technical terms, the set of nonregular economies is of Lebesgue measure zero.

Combined with the index theorem this result implies that almost any economy will have a finite (and odd) number of equilibria.

Poincaré–Hopf theorem
In mathematics, the Poincaré–Hopf theorem (also known as the Poincaré–Hopf index formula, Poincaré–Hopf index theorem, or Hopf index theorem) is an important theorem that is used in differential topology. It is named after Henri Poincaré and Heinz Hopf.

The Poincaré–Hopf theorem is often 
illustrated by the special case of the hairy ball theorem, which simply states that there is no smooth vector field on an even-dimensional n-sphere having no sources or sinks.
Arnarsaq
Arnarsaq (c. 1716 – fl. 1778), was an Inuk translator, interpreter,  and Christian convert who lived in what is now modern-day Greenland. She is particularly known for her work with the Danish theologian Paul Egede.  Alongside Hans Punngujooq, Arnarsaq helped Egede translate the New Testament into Greenlandic.  She had an important position in the Danish missions among the Inuit on Greenland in the 18th century, and has also been portrayed in fiction.

Language interpretation
Interpretation is translation from a spoken or signed language into another language, usually in real time to facilitate live communication. It is distinguished from the translation of a written text, which can be more deliberative and make use of external resources and tools.

The most common two modes of interpretation are simultaneous, which is performed contemporaneously with the expression of the source language, and consecutive, where the interpreted speech is heard only during associated breaks in the original speech.

Interpretation is an ancient human activity which predates the invention of writing.
2020 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad
The 2020 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 29 February 2020 in Belgium, starting in Gent and finishing in Ninove. It was the 75th edition of the Omloop Het Nieuwsblad and the fourth event of the 2020 UCI World Tour.

Belgian rider Jasper Stuyven of Trek–Segafredo beat fellow Belgian rider Yves Lampaert of Deceuninck–Quick-Step in a two-up sprint to take the victory. Danish rider Søren Kragh Andersen of Team Sunweb, who had been dropped by the Belgian duo within the last three kilometers, finished solo to take third place.

Team Picnic–PostNL (men's team)
Team Picnic–PostNL (UCI team code: TPP) is a Dutch professional cycling team, competing at UCI WorldTeam level. The team is managed by Iwan Spekenbrink. The title sponsors of the team are online supermarket Picnic and the Dutch mail, parcel and e-commerce company PostNL.
Carobbiite
Carobbiite, chemical formula KF (potassium fluoride), is a rare, soft (Mohs 2 - 2.5), colourless cubic mineral. It is found at Monte Somma, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Province of Naples, Campania, Italy. It was discovered in 1956 by Italian geologist Guido Carobbi (1900–1983). It has also been reported from Hokkaido, Japan.

Province of Naples
The province of Naples (Italian: provincia di Napoli; Neapolitan: pruvincia 'e Nàpule) was a province in the Campania region of Italy.

In 2014/2015, the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990 and Law 56/2014), replaced the province of Naples with the Metropolitan City of Naples.
Hevel Eshkol
Hevel Eshkol (Hebrew: חבל אשכול, lit. Eshkol region) is an area in the western Negev close to Israel's border with the Gaza Strip and Egypt's Sinai. Hevel Eshkol is bordering the Gaza Strip and the Israel–Egypt border in the west, Netivot and the Sdot Negev Regional Council in the north, Ofakim and the Merhavim Regional Council in the east, and Holot Halutza in the south.

The region's villages are spread out on both sides of Besor Stream, and therefore were called until 1969 "Hevel HaBesor". Another previous name was "Hevel Ma'on". In the 2000s, the region was named after Levi Eshkol, who was the third Prime Minister of the State of Israel.

Holot Halutza
Holot Halutza (Hebrew: חולות חלוצה, lit. 'Halutza Sands') is a desert area in the Negev, Israel. The sands of Holot Halutza are located southeast of the Gaza Strip and east of the Egypt-Israel barrier. The sands are almost uninhabited, and are used primarily as an IDF shooting range.
Edward Norton (MP)
Edward Norton (11 March 1750 – March 1786) was a British lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1782 to 1786.

Norton was the fourth son of Fletcher Norton, and his wife Grace Chapple, daughter of Sir William Chapple, and was born on 11 March 1750. He matriculated at University College, Oxford in 1766. He was admitted at Middle Temple in 1772 and was called to the bar in 1775.

Norton was returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for Haslemere on Sir James Lowther's interest at the 1780 general election. At the 1784 general election he was returned unopposed for Carlisle, again on Lowther's interest. He voted but did not speak in Parliament.

Norton died unmarried in March 1786. It was said he was exhausted after acting as chief agent for Lowther at the Lancaster by-election. He had brothers William, Chapple and Fletcher who were also Members of Parliament.

University College, Oxford
University College, formally The Master and Fellows of the College of the Great Hall of the University commonly called University College in the University of Oxford and colloquially referred to as "Univ", is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. It has a claim to being the oldest college of the university, having been founded by William of Durham in 1249.

As of 2024, the college had an estimated financial endowment of £156.679 million, and their total net assets amounted to £255.431 million.

The college is associated with a number of influential people, including Clement Attlee, Harold Wilson, Bill Clinton, Festus Mogae, Stephen Hawking, C. S. Lewis, R.F. Kuang, William Beveridge, Bob Hawke, Robert Cecil, Tom Hooper, Percy Bysshe Shelley and Christian Cole, the first Black student to graduate from the university.
Dick Railsback
Richard ‘Dick’ Railsback (March 19, 1946 – June 30, 2021) was an American pole vaulter. In 1967 he was ranked fifth in the world.

Railsback was an All-American pole vaulter for the UCLA Bruins track and field team, finishing 3rd at the 1967 NCAA University Division outdoor track and field championships.

In 1968 he won the national title, but placed fourth at the Olympic Trials and was not selected for the 1968 Olympic team. He attended the 1976 Summer Olympics as a coach for the American athletics team.

In August 1970 Railsback married Annika Rohlén, an interpreter during his 1967 visit to Sweden. In 1969–71 he mostly stayed in Sweden and competed for Gefle IF. Dick and Annika have a daughter Michelle and son Michael. Both were born and raised in Lincoln, Nebraska, but spent every summer in Sweden until ca. 2001; they hold dual citizenship and speak Swedish. Both competed for Gefle IF in hurdle running, and Michelle also in the pole vault and flat running.

1967 NCAA University Division outdoor track and field championships
The 1967 NCAA University Division Outdoor Track and Field Championships were contested June 15−17 at the 45th annual NCAA-sanctioned track meet to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate University Division outdoor track and field events in the United States.

This year's outdoor meet was hosted by Brigham Young University at Cougar Stadium in Provo, Utah. The approximate  elevation of the track was 4,660 feet (1,420 m) above sea level. The championships returned eight years later in 1975; the track was removed from the stadium in 1982.

The USC Trojans of the AAWU (Pacific-8 Conference) finished first in the team standings, capturing their twenty-fourth national title, followed by conference rivals Oregon and UCLA.
Caivano
Caivano is a city and comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about 14 km northeast of Naples.

The municipality contains the frazioni Casolla Valenzano and Pascarola. Pascarola is home to a large industrial area. There are remains of an ancient Roman theater in Casolla.

Caivano was the first capital of Old Atella; it was replaced by Frattamaggiore.

Caivano has been heavily damaged by the waste traffic of the Camorra. It's one of the main spots of the Land of the Fires. The town's outskirts are one of the most contaminated areas in Europe.

Triangle of death (Italy)
The triangle of death (Italian: Triangolo della morte) is an area approximately 25 km northeast of the city of Naples in the Province of Naples, Campania, Italy, that comprises the comuni of Acerra, Nola and Marigliano. This area contains the largest illegal waste dump in Europe due to a waste management crisis in the 1990s and 2000s.

The region has experienced a rise in cancer-related mortality that is linked to exposure of pollution from the illegal waste disposal by the Camorra criminal organization after regional landfills had been filled to capacity.

The phenomenon of widespread environmental crime perpetrated by criminal syndicates like the Camorra and 'Ndrangheta has given rise to the term "ecomafia".
1942 Herefordshire TRE Halifax crash
V9977 was an Handley Page Halifax II that had been sent to the Telecommunications Research Establishment (TRE) at RAF Defford to be used as a flying testbed for the H2S radar.

On the afternoon of 7 June 1942, one of its Rolls-Royce Merlin engines caught fire and led to the aircraft crashing near the England-Wales border, killing all eleven crew-members. Among the dead was Alan Blumlein  of EMI, who was well known as the inventor of stereophonic sound recording and the 405-line television system used in the UK until 1985.

Investigators determined that improper engine maintenance/assembly procedures caused the accident. It remains the deadliest crash in the history of military test flight in the UK.

Stereophonic sound
Stereophonic sound, commonly shortened to stereo, is a method of sound reproduction that recreates a multi-directional, 3-dimensional audible perspective. This is usually achieved by using two independent audio channels through a configuration of two loudspeakers (or stereo headphones) in such a way as to create the impression of sound heard from various directions, as in natural hearing.

Because the multi-dimensional perspective is the crucial aspect, the term stereophonic also applies to systems with more than two channels or speakers, such as quadraphonic and surround sound. Binaural sound systems are also stereophonic.

Stereo sound has been in common use since the 1970s in entertainment media such as broadcast radio, recorded music, television, video cameras, cinema, computer audio, and the Internet.