hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stathis Kalyvas
Stathis N. Kalyvas (Greek: Στάθης Ν. Καλύβας; born 7 March 1964) is a Greek political scientist who is the Gladstone Professor of Government, at the University of Oxford and a University Academic Fellow at All Souls College, Oxford.

Kalyvas held the Arnold Wolfers Chair in Political Science at Yale University (from 2003 to 2017), where he founded the Program on Order, Conflict, and Violence; prior to that,he held professorships at the University of Chicago, New York University, and Ohio State University. He has also conducted research at the Peace Research Institute Oslo. Kalyvas has written extensively on civil wars, ethnicity, and political violence.

He was a main founder, with Nikos Marantzides, of a current in Modern Greek historiography called the "New Wave" which was focused principally on the study of the Greek Civil War. Among his works is The Logic of Violence in Civil War, which challenges the view of violence in civil wars as irrational.

Alexander S. Onassis Foundation
The Alexander S. Onassis Foundation (Greek: Κοινωφελές Ίδρυμα Αλέξανδρος Σ. Ωνάσης), commonly known as Onassis Foundation (Greek: Ίδρυμα Ωνάση) is a private foundation headquatered in Vaduz, Liechtenstein. It was established by Aristotle Onassis in his will in Liechtenstein in order to honour the memory of his son Alexander, who died at age 24 in an airplane crash in Athens in 1973.
Adyumba people
The Adyumba or Adjumba are a Bantu ethnic group in Gabon. They live mainly near Lake Azingo and in the Middle Ogooué River in the west coast of the country. They belong to the Myènè people and also speak the Myènè language of the Bantu languages. Their neighbors include the Mpongwe people (who they were historically considered a clan of) and the Nkomi people. Today most live by fishing, food crops and small businesses.

Ogooué River
The Ogooué (or Ogowe), also known as the Nazareth River, some 1,200 km (750 mi) long, is the principal river of Gabon in west-central Africa and the fourth largest river in Africa by volume of discharge, trailing only the Congo, Kasai and Niger. Its watershed drains nearly the entire country of Gabon, with some tributaries reaching into the Republic of the Congo, Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea.
Jackson Elementary School
There are a number of Elementary schools named Jackson Elementary School:

Andrew Jackson Elementary School in Philadelphia

Jackson Elementary School (Santa Ana, California)

Jackson Elementary School (Green Bay, Wisconsin)

Jackson Elementary School (Abbotsford, Canada)

Jackson City School or Herbert W. Spencer School (Jackson, Kentucky)

Jackson City School
Jackson City School (under the Jackson Independent School system) is a school district serving grades pre-k through 12.  It is located in the hills of Eastern Kentucky, in Jackson, Kentucky—the county seat for Breathitt County.

The elementary school portion is named after Herbert W. Spencer, after it was rebuilt in the 1960s when the original elementary school caught fire. Though, locally, it's still referred to as Jackson Elementary or just Jackson City School.

Its boundary includes sections of Jackson, but not all of it.
Dutchman's Shoes
The Dutchman's Shoes is a trophy awarded to the winner of the annual college football game between the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Engineers and the Union College Garnet Chargers since 1950.  As of the end of 2023, these two schools have played each other 120 times, making it the oldest football rivalry in the state of New York.

The trophy consists of a wooden base, with two clogs mounted on a small pedestal, with one painted cherry red with a white letter "R", and the other garnet with a white letter "U", for Rensselaer and Union, respectively.

Union College
Union College is a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the New York State Board of Regents, and second in the state of New York, after Columbia College. In the 19th century, it became known as the "Mother of Fraternities", because three of the earliest Greek-letter fraternities were established there. Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers a liberal arts curriculum across 21 academic departments, including ABET-accredited engineering degree programs.
Kolarica
Kolarica (Slovene pronunciation: [ˈkoːlaɾitsa], also spelled Kolerica) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Krško in northeastern Slovenia. It is now part of the village of Slivje. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Urban Municipality of Krško
The Urban Municipality of Krško (pronounced [ˈkə́ɾʃkɔ] ⓘ; Slovene: Mestna občina Krško) is an urban municipality in eastern Slovenia. Its seat is the town of Krško. The area is traditionally divided between Lower Styria (territory on the left bank of the Sava) and Lower Carniola (territory on the right bank of the Sava). The entire municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region. Krško received the status of an urban municipality in December 2021. It borders Croatia.
Todaro
Todaro is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Agostino Todaro (1818–1892), Italian botanist

Angelo Todaro (1945–2025), Italian cartoonist

Francesco Todaro (1839–1918), Italian anatomist

Frank Todaro (1889–1944), American mobster

Joseph Todaro Jr. (born 1945/46), American mobster

Joseph Todaro Sr. (1923–2012), American mobster

Julie Todaro, American librarian

Michael Todaro (born 1942), American economist

Rosalba Todaro, Chilean economist

Salvatore Todaro (disambiguation), multiple people

Francesco Todaro
Francesco Todaro (14 February 1839 – 22 October 1918) was an Italian anatomist born in Tripi, a village in the province of Messina.

He taught classes in anatomy as Professor at the Universities of Messina and Rome.

In his anatomical studies on the structure of the heart, he described a fibrous extension of the Eustachian valve, now referred to as the "tendon of Todaro". In the field of zoology, he conducted extensive studies on a variety of tunicates known as salps.

In 1874 he became a member of the "Nazionale dei Lincei".
Edwin Barnett
Edwin Ernest Barnett (26 September 1870 – ) was an English cricketer. Barnett's batting and bowling styles are unknown.

Barnett was born in Leominster, Herefordshire, to surgeon Samuel Barnett MRCS JP and his wife, Mary Ann.

Barnett made his only first-class appearance for the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1908 against Leicestershire at Lord's. In this match he scored a single run in the MCC first-innings, before being dismissed by John King. In their second-innings he scored 70 runs before being dismissed by Ewart Astill. Barnett played a single Minor Counties Championship match for Buckinghamshire against Berkshire in 1913.

Below first-class level Barnett played, in a single county match, for Shropshire in 1899, scoring a century with 136 runs, and for Hertfordshire, and at club level for Hampstead and Richmond.

Buckinghamshire County Cricket Club
Buckinghamshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty National County clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Buckinghamshire.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Buckinghamshire played List A matches occasionally from 1965 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club plays its matches around the county at various locations including at Wormsley on the Getty Estate. Until 1979 it played regularly at Ascott Park, the home of the Rothschild family which was prominent in the club's foundation.
Steady Power
Steady Power (foaled 1984 in Ontario) is a Canadian Thoroughbred racehorse. Bred and raced by Kinghaven Farms, Steady Power was a versatile runner at both short and long distances whose wins included the seven-furlong Achievement Handicap, and the mile and three quarter (14 furlongs) Valedictory Handicap.

In 1989, five-year-old Steady Power enjoyed his best year, earning Canadian Champion Older Horse honours after winning the Durham Cup Handicap, the Jockey Club Cup Handicap, and a second by a head to Hodges Bay in the 1989 Rothmans International.

A gelding, Steady Power continued to race competitively at the top levels in Canadian racing into age eight when he was claimed for $50,000 in June 1992. By October he had been dropped to a $16,000 claiming race when Kinghaven Farms bought him back and gave him the retirement he deserved.

Gelding
A gelding (/ˈɡɛldɪŋ/) is a castrated male horse or other equine, such as a pony, donkey or a mule. The term is also used with certain other animals and livestock, such as domesticated camels. The equivalent terms for castrated male cattle are steer or bullock, and wether for sheep and goats.

Castration renders the male animal calmer, better-behaved, less sexually aggressive, and more responsive to training efforts. This makes the animal generally more suitable as an everyday working animal, or as a pet in the case of companion animals. The gerund and participle "gelding" and the infinitive "to geld" refer to the castration procedure itself.
John James (archdeacon of the Seychelles)
Christianity portal

John Charles James  was Archdeacon of the Seychelles.

James was educated at Keble College, Oxford and Lincoln Theological College; and ordained in 1971. His first post was a curacy in South Shields. He was Priest in charge at St Mary, Jarrow before his time as Archdeacon; and Vicar of Mylor, Cornwall with Flushing.

South Shields
South Shields (/ʃiːlz/) is a coastal port town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England; it lies on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne. The town was known in Roman times as Arbeia and as Caer Urfa by the Early Middle Ages. It is the fourth largest settlement in Tyne and Wear, after Newcastle upon Tyne, Sunderland and Gateshead; in 2021, it had a population of 75,337.

Historically within the county of Durham, South Shields is south of North Shields and Tynemouth across the River Tyne; and east of Newcastle upon Tyne and Jarrow.
Jen Jacobs
Jennifer Mary Jacobs (8 March 1956 – 21 July 2016) was an Australian cricketer who played as a right-arm off break bowler and right-handed batter. She appeared in seven Test matches and 13 One Day Internationals for Australia between 1979 and 1984. She played domestic cricket for South Australia and Victoria.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Oleksandr Pindyeyev
Oleksandr Valeriyovych Pindyeyev (Russian: Олександр Валерійович Піндєєв; born 13 March 1975) is a Ukrainian retired football forward who last played for FC Vorskla Poltava.

Champion of Latvia: 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998 (Skonto FC)

Ukrainian Cup holder: 1992 (Chornomorets Odesa)

FC Chornomorets Odesa
FC Chornomorets Odesa (Ukrainian: Футбо́льний Клуб Чорномо́рець Оде́са [tʃornoˈmɔretsʲ oˈdɛsɐ]) is a Ukrainian professional football club based in Odesa, Ukraine.

According to the club's website, it was formed in 1936 as Dynamo, but until 2002 it carried a logo with 1958 and 1959 listed as the club's years of foundation on its shield, which is when the club received its current name. The club's shield is very similar to the shield of Romanian FC Farul Constanța.

Chornomorets is the first club in the modern history of Ukraine to win the Ukrainian Cup (1992), and also repeated this success in the 1993–94 season.

For over 30 years, the club was sponsored by the Black Sea Shipping Company (1959–1991). The club was among top 20 Soviet clubs that competed in Soviet Top League. The club's home ground is Chornomorets Stadium and has been opened in 2011.
Robert Cook (wrestler)
Robert Herbert Cook (3 October 1905 – 1963) was a British wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle welterweight category at the 1928 Summer Olympics, where he finished in fifth place. He lost on points to eventual Silver medal winner Lloyd Appleton (U.S.A) in the opening round, then went on to meet Maurice Letchford (Canada) in the bronze medal round, again losing on points.

Cook was the British champion after winning the 1927 lightweight title at the British Wrestling Championships.

Amateur wrestling
Amateur wrestling is a variant of wrestling practiced at Olympic, collegiate, scholastic, and other levels. There are two international wrestling styles performed at the Olympic Games, freestyle and Greco-Roman, both of which are governed by the United World Wrestling (UWW).

At the middle school and high school levels in the United States, wrestlers compete in scholastic wrestling. In collegiate wrestling, there are minor differences in some scholastic wrestling rules.

The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts (MMA) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness within the sport and its consideration as a core discipline.
Lobelia cleistogamoides
Lobelia cleistogamoides is a small herbaceous plant in the family Campanulaceae native to Western Australia, and first described in 2007 by Neville Walsh and David Albrecht.

The herb is found scattered through the Wheatbelt, Mid West and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia.

Neville Grant Walsh
Neville Grant Walsh (born 1956) has worked at the National Herbarium of Victoria from 1977.

Walsh and Don Foreman authored the first volume of Flora of Victoria, authoring a further three with Timothy Entwisle, and Volume 4

He has published the name of 112 new species of plants in more than 80 peer-reviewed papers. He has served on the working group (vascular plants) for the Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria since 2005, and in 2010 served as its taxonomic advisor on the Campanulaceae family. He has also contributed his knowledge of plant communities in the Victorian Alps to the Mountain Invasion Research Network. He retired in 2023, but maintains an active interest in Australian plant taxonomy and ecology.
Hirokazu Hamamura
Hirokazu Hamamura (浜村 弘一, Hamamura Hirokazu; born February 8, 1961), former Weekly Famitsu chief editor, now is president of Enterbrain. He is also the director of Kadokawa Group Holdings, Kadokawa Group Publishing, Kadokawa Games and Walker Books. His pen name is Hamamura Tsūshin (浜村通信).

Kadokawa Corporation
Kadokawa Corporation (Japanese: 株式会社KADOKAWA, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Kadokawa), formerly Kadokawa Dwango Corporation, is a Japanese conglomerate based in Fujimi, Chiyoda, Tokyo.

Created as a result of the merger of the original Kadokawa Corporation and Dwango Co., Ltd. on October 1, 2014, the company has holdings in entertainment (including anime and video game studios), publishing, and real estate among other assets.

Kadokawa is a member of the Motion Picture Association of Japan (MPPAJ) and is therefore one of the youngest of Japan's Big Four film studios.
Bergoo, West Virginia
Bergoo is a census-designated place (CDP) in Webster County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 64 (down from 94 at the 2010 census). Bergoo lies at the confluence of the Elk River and Leatherwood Creek. Bergoo was formerly known as Leatherwood, taking its name from the creek.

Some say Bergoo was the name of a local Indian, while others believe the community was named after Burgoo, a type of stew.

Burgoo
Burgoo is a stew, similar to Irish or Mulligan stew, often served with cornbread or corn muffins, one form of which originated in Kentucky.  It is often prepared communally as a social gathering. It is popular as the basis for civic fundraisers in the Upland South.
Kamov Ka-32
The Kamov Ka-32 (Russian: Камов Ка-32, NATO reporting name "Helix-C") is a Soviet and Russia medium transport helicopter with a coaxial design and two turboshaft engines and fixed landing gear.

The Ka-32 is a civilian development of the Ka-27PS search and rescue helicopter, developed by the Kamov Design Bureau taking into account the successful operation of the Ka-25 and Ka-27 helicopter family from the decks of ships.

Kamov
JSC Kamov (Russian: Камов) is a rotorcraft manufacturing company based in Lyubertsy, Russia.

The Kamov Design Bureau (design office prefix Ka) has more recently specialised in compact helicopters with coaxial rotors, suitable for naval service and high-speed operations.
James Doyle (mayor)
James E. Doyle (August 23, 1938 – August 26, 2016) was an American educator, businessman, and politician. Doyle served as the mayor of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, from 1997 until 2011, becoming the longest consecutive serving mayor in the city's history. Doyle also served in the Pawtucket city council from 1970 to 1997 by winning re-election to the council in thirteen elections. Doyle has been credited with shepherding the revitalization of Pawtucket, as well as the expansion of the city's arts scene, during his thirteen years as the mayor.

Pawtucket, Rhode Island
Pawtucket (/pəˈtʌkɪt/ ⓘ pə-TUK-it) is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 75,604 at the 2020 census, making the city the fourth-largest in the state. Pawtucket borders Providence and East Providence to the south, Central Falls and Lincoln to the north, and North Providence to the west. The city also borders the Massachusetts municipalities of Seekonk and Attleboro.

Pawtucket was an early and important center of textile manufacturing. It is home to Slater Mill, a historic textile mill recognized for helping to found the Industrial Revolution in the United States.
Training wheels
Training wheels, known as stabilizers outside North America, are a pair of additional wheels attached to the rear axle of a bicycle, effectively turning it into a quadricycle, for beginners learning to ride independently. Since the late 1990s, balance bikes have gradually replaced training wheels as a more effective tool for developing a sense of balance.

Sense of balance
The sense of balance or equilibrioception is the perception of balance and spatial orientation. It helps prevent humans and nonhuman animals from falling over when standing or moving. Equilibrioception is the result of a number of sensory systems working together; the eyes (visual system), the inner ears (vestibular system), and the body's sense of where it is in space (proprioception) ideally need to be intact.

The vestibular system, the region of the inner ear where three semicircular canals converge, works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. This is called the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The balance system works with the visual and skeletal systems (the muscles and joints and their sensors) to maintain orientation or balance. Visual signals sent to the brain about the body's position in relation to its surroundings are processed by the brain and compared to information from the vestibular and skeletal systems.
Dzierżążno-Leśnictwo
Dzierżążno-Leśnictwo [d͡ʑɛrˈʐɔ̃ʐnɔ lɛɕˈnit͡stfɔ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kartuzy, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Kartuzy
Gmina Kartuzy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kartuzy, which lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 205.28 square kilometres (79.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 31,100 (out of which the population of Kartuzy amounts to 15,263, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,837).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Kashubian Landscape Park.
Freedom Suite (The Rascals album)
Freedom Suite is the fifth studio album by American rock band The Rascals. Released as a double album on March 17, 1969, it reached the Billboard 200 Chart, peaking at number 17, as well as reaching number 40 on the Billboard Top R&B chart.

King Curtis
Curtis Ousley (born Curtis Montgomery, February 7, 1934 – August 13, 1971), known professionally as King Curtis, was an American saxophonist who played rhythm and blues, jazz, and rock and roll. A bandleader, band member, and session musician, he was also a musical director and record producer. A master of the instrument, he played tenor, alto, and soprano saxophone. He played riffs and solos on hit singles such as "Respect" by Aretha Franklin (1967), and "Yakety Yak" by the Coasters (1958) and his own "Soul Twist" (1962), "Soul Serenade" (1964), and "Memphis Soul Stew" (1967).
Percy Lefroy Mapleton
Percy Lefroy Mapleton (also known as Percy Mapleton Lefroy; 23 February 1860 – 29 November 1881) was a British journalist and murderer. He was the British "railway murderer" of 1881. He is important in the history of forensics and policing as being the subject of the first police composite picture to appear on a "wanted" poster and in a newspaper.

Wanted poster
A wanted poster (or wanted sign) is a poster distributed to let the public know of a person whom authorities wish to apprehend. They generally include a picture of the person, either a photograph when one is available or of a facial composite image produced by police.
Parti Pehlivan
Parti Pehlivan after the Surname Law Mehmet Baskak (1868/1872, Serres – August 6, 1941, Manisa) was a Turkish wrestler and a guerrilla leader in the Ottoman Empire of Bosniak decent, and an officer in the Turkish Army during World War I and the Turkish War of Independence. He was an important leader in Kuva-yi Milliye of the Aegean Region. After the declaration of the Turkish Republic he was granted land in Hacıhaliller, Manisa for his services and lived in Manisa until his death.

Aegean region
The Aegean region (Turkish: Ege Bölgesi) is one of the 7 geographical regions of Turkey. The largest city in the region is İzmir. Other big cities are Manisa, Aydın, Denizli, Muğla, Afyonkarahisar and Kütahya.

Located in western Turkey, it is bordered by the Aegean Sea to the west, the Marmara region to the north, the Central Anatolia Region to the east, and the Mediterranean Region to the south.

Among the four coastal regions, the Aegean Region has the longest coastline.
Villa of Herodes Atticus
Villa of Herodes Atticus is an ancient Roman villa located on the outskirts of Doliana and near Astros in Arcadia, Greece.

It was near the ancient city of Eva.

It was developed between the 1st and 5th centuries by the family of Herod Atticus, a Greek rhetorician famous for his fortune and his actions of public patronage. The villa is one of the main vestiges of Roman villa architecture in Greece.

Roman villa
A Roman villa was typically a farmhouse or country house in the territory of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, sometimes reaching extravagant proportions.

Nevertheless, the term "Roman villa" generally covers buildings with the common features of being extra-urban (i.e. located outside urban settlements, unlike the domus which was inside them) and residential, with accommodation for the owner. The definition also changed with time: the earliest examples are mostly humble farmhouses in Italy, while from the Republican period a range of larger building types are included.