hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Hudson (botanist)
William Hudson FRS (1730 in Kendal – 23 May 1793) was a British botanist and apothecary based in London. His main work was Flora Anglica, published in 1762. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1761.

The Gentleman's Magazine
The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1907, ceasing publication altogether in 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine (from the French magazine, meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.
Vesku Show
Vesku Show is a Finnish television series that aired from 1988 to 1991. It was written by Vesa-Matti “Vesku” Loiri and directed by Inkeri Pilkama. The show was produced by Spede-Yhtiöt for MTV3. It aired monthly on Mondays from 7:30 to 8:30 PM. Vesku Show was popular, with peak viewership exceeding 1.6 million. The series was rerun for the first time in 2009.

Eija Vilpas
Eija Annikki Vilpas (born 17 July 1957 in Tuusula, Finland) is a Finnish actress. She is known of her roles in several Finnish comedy series, for example Fakta homma and Hynttyyt yhteen. The focal point of her career lies in stage acting: Vilpas has worked in the Helsinki City Theatre since 1988.

She has also done voice-over work for Finnish film dubs. She provided the voice of Marge Simpson in The Simpsons Movie and Maggie the cow in Disney's Home on the Range.

She has been married to the actor Ville Virtanen. She recorded an album Eija Vilpas in 1993. Eija Vilpas in the mother to the Finnish dramaturge and playwright Sinna Virtanen.
2006 Rio Grande do Sul gubernatorial election
Most major parties launched gubernatorial candidates for the 2006 elections in Rio Grande do Sul:

PMDB: Incumbent governor Germano Rigotto in coalition with the PTB, which provided vice-gubernatorial candidate Sonia Santos. Rigotto finished third.

PT: Former governor and Minister for the Cities Olívio Dutra in coalition with PC do B, which provided as vice-gubernatorial candidate the state deputy Jussara Cony. Olívio lost in the second round of vote.

PSDB: Federal deputy and former Minister of Planning Yeda Crusius, in coalition of PPS, PFL and many smaller parties. Ms. Crusius won the election after a run-off.

PDT: Federal deputy and former governor Alceu Collares

PP: Former Minister for the Agriculture Francisco Turra

Other parties to field candidates include PSOL, PSB, PCO, and PV.

Germano Rigotto
Germano Antônio Rigotto (born 24 September 1949, in Caxias do Sul) is a Brazilian politician currently affiliated to the MDB.

He was the Governor of Rio Grande do Sul state until 1 January 2007. He ran for a second term in October 2006 elections, but he was unexpectedly defeated by Olívio Dutra and Yeda Crusius. Rigotto placed third by a small margin: 0.17% behind Olivio Dutra. In August 2018, Rigotto was nominated as vice presidential candidate along with Henrique Meirelles for the 2018 elections.
Vitreous bulge
A vitreous bulge is a distortion or protrusion of the vitreous membrane into the anterior chamber of the eye, caused by pressure on the eye or iris. It is a relatively common complication during or following cataract surgery or extraction.

A vitreous bulge can lead to a rupture and leakage of vitreous humor into the eye, a condition which requires immediate attention and is treated with corneal/scleral sutures.

Cornea
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eyeball which covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Along with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. In humans, the refractive power of the cornea is approximately 43 dioptres. The cornea can be reshaped by surgical procedures such as LASIK.

While the cornea contributes most of the eye's focusing power, its focus is fixed. Accommodation (the refocusing of light to better view near objects) is accomplished by changing the geometry of the lens.  Medical terms related to the cornea often start with the prefix "kerat-" from the Greek word κέρας, horn.
Fajr (prayer)
The fajr prayer, alternatively transliterated as fadjr prayer, and also known as the subh prayer, is one of the five daily mandatory Islamic prayers (salah). Consisting of two rak'a ("bows"), it is performed between the break of dawn and sunrise. It is one of two prayers mentioned by name in the Qur'an.

Dawn
Dawn is the time that marks the beginning of twilight before sunrise. It is recognized by the appearance of indirect sunlight being scattered in Earth's atmosphere, when the centre of the Sun's disc has reached 18° below the observer's horizon. This morning twilight period will last until sunrise (when the Sun's upper limb breaks the horizon), when direct sunlight outshines the diffused light.
John Lamotte Honywood
John Lamotte Honywood (1647–1694) of Marks Hall, Essex was an English Member of Parliament and High Sheriff of Essex.

He was born the 2nd surviving son of Sir Thomas Honywood of Marks Hall, who had been a leading Parliamentary soldier during the Civil War, and educated at Christ's College, Cambridge (1665) and the Inner Temple (1668). He succeeded his brother in 1672.

He was elected as Member of Parliament for Essex in 1679, sitting until 1681. He was selected High Sheriff of Essex for 1679–80 and in the same year became a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber until his premature death. He also represented Essex in Parliament a second time from 1693 until his death.

He died by suicide in 1694 after several unsuccessful previous attempts. He had married Elizabeth, the daughter and heiress of Sir William Wiseman, 1st Baronet, of Rivenhall, Essex, but left no children. His widow remarried Sir Isaac Rebow, after which Marks Hall passed to John's cousin Robert Honywood, MP of Charing, Kent.

Christ's College, Cambridge
Christ's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. The college includes the master, the fellows of the college, and about 450 undergraduate and 250 graduate students. The college was founded by William Byngham in 1437 as God's House. In 1505, the college was granted a new royal charter, was given a substantial endowment by Lady Margaret Beaufort, and changed its name to Christ's College, becoming the twelfth of the Cambridge colleges to be founded in its modern form.

Alumni of the college include the poet John Milton, the naturalist Charles Darwin, as well as the Nobel Laureates Martin Evans, James Meade, Alexander Todd, Duncan Haldane, and John Clarke. The Master is Lord McDonald of Salford.
Kamień Pomorski homeless hostel fire
The Kamień Pomorski homeless hostel fire occurred in north-western Poland on 13 April 2009. The fire occurred during the night at a three-story homeless hostel in Kamień Pomorski (West Pomeranian Voivodeship). Twenty-three people, including 13 children, were pronounced dead, with a further 20 sustaining an injury of some sort. It was Poland's deadliest fire since a conflagration destroyed a home for the mentally ill in Górna Grupa in 1980 claiming the lives of 55 victims.

Homeless shelter
Homeless shelters are a type of service and total institution that provides temporary residence for homeless individuals and families. Shelters exist to provide residents with safety and protection from exposure to the weather while simultaneously reducing the environmental impact on the community.

They are similar to, but distinguishable from, various types of emergency shelters, which are typically operated for specific circumstances and populations—fleeing natural disasters or abusive social circumstances. Extreme weather conditions create problems similar to disaster management scenarios, and are handled with warming centers, which typically operate for short durations during adverse weather.
Nehari manifold
In the calculus of variations, a branch of mathematics, a Nehari manifold is a manifold of functions, whose definition is motivated by the work of  Zeev Nehari (1960, 1961). It is a differentiable manifold associated to the Dirichlet problem for the semilinear elliptic partial differential equation

Here, Δ is the Laplacian on a bounded domain Ω in Rn.

There are infinitely many solutions to this problem.  Solutions are precisely the critical points for the energy functional

on the Sobolev space H10(Ω). The Nehari manifold is defined to be the set of v ∈ H10(Ω) such that

Solutions to the original variational problem that lie in the Nehari manifold are (constrained) minimizers of the energy, and so direct methods in the calculus of variations can be brought to bear.

More generally, given a suitable functional J, the associated Nehari manifold is defined as the set of functions u in an appropriate function space for which

Here J′ is the functional derivative of J.

Dirichlet problem
In mathematics, a Dirichlet problem asks for a function which solves a specified partial differential equation (PDE) in the interior of a given region that takes prescribed values on the boundary of the region.

The Dirichlet problem can be solved for many PDEs, although originally it was posed for Laplace's equation.  In that case the problem can be stated as follows:

Given a function f that has values everywhere on the boundary of a region in , is there a unique continuous function  twice continuously differentiable in the interior and continuous on the boundary, such that  is harmonic in the interior and  on the boundary?

This requirement is called the Dirichlet boundary condition.  The main issue is to prove the existence of a solution; uniqueness can be proven using the maximum principle.
Ketaki Mategaonkar
Ketaki Mategaonkar is an Indian singer,  songwriter, actress, and performer. She was born in Nagpur, Maharashtra. Mategaonkar mainly appears in Marathi cinema and Hindi album songs. She made her big-screen debut with romantic drama film Shala (2011)film is based on the a novel of the same name by Milind Bokil. The film won the Silver Lotus Award at the 59th National Film Awards in the Best Feature Film in Marathi category and National Film Award for Best Screenplay. and also a major commercial success on box office. Her performance was well received by critics and audience and she Nominated at 49th Maharashtra State Film Awards in the Best Actress category. In 2012 She teamed up with director Mahesh Manjrekar for Marathi period drama Kaksparsh.

Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Actress
The Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Actress is an award, begun in 1962, presented annually at the Maharashtra State Film Awards of India to an actor for best performance in a Marathi cinema. The awardees are decided by a jury constituted every year. They are announced by the Minister for Cultural Affairs and are presented by the Chief Minister.

The inaugural award was named as "Smita Patil Award for Best Actress" and was awarded to Sulochana for the film Prapanch, directed by Madhukar Pathak.
Chali Cheemalu
Chali Cheemalu is a 1978 Telugu film directed by Devadas Kanakala. The film stars Nutan Prasad, Rallapalli and S. P. Sailaja. Paruchuri Venkateswara Rao, elder of the Paruchuri Brothers entered the Telugu cinema field as writer. Novel of Mandha Venkata Ramana Rao was developed into a full-length movie by their writing skills. Nutan Prasad’s catch phrase Notokka jillaala andagaadni became popular among the Telugu audience. The film won two Nandi Awards.

Devadas Kanakala
Devadas Kanakala (30 July 1945 – 2 August 2019) was an Indian actor from Andhra Pradesh who predominantly appeared in Telugu language films and TV shows. Rajnikanth,  Chiranjeevi and Rajendra Prasad trained under him.
He was a  very good trainer for acting skills.

BOOK : ABHINAYAM(అభినయం) written in Telugu for people who want to learn Acting in Telugu. Reference is from his Grandson Roshan Kanakala, now Lead Actor in Mowgli, a movie directed by Sandeep Raj, on the interview for Gulte Pro Youtube Channel he mentions about the book that his grandfather(Devadas Kanakala) has written as Thesis for his Ph.d.
Trans (1998 film)
Trans is a 1998 American independent film written and directed by Julian Goldberger. It is based on a story by Goldberger, Michael Robinson and Martin Garner, and stars Ryan Daugherty as Ryan Kazinski. It was filmed in Fort Myers, Florida.

The film is in part inspired by the work of Athens, Georgia-based filmmaker James Herbert, particularly his collaborations with the band R.E.M.

James Herbert (director)
James Herbert (born 1938) is an American painter and filmmaker known for directing a series of music videos for the band R.E.M.  He has also made over forty short films, including John Five (1992) and Jumbo Aqua (2001), and directed four independent features: Scars (1997), Speedy Boys (1998), Rabbit Pix (2005) and Abandoned House (2007). Some of his short films have been collected on the video compilation Figures (1990).
Daykin
Daykin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bert Daykin, Australian rules footballer

Christopher Daykin, British actuary

Percy Daykin, Australian rules footballer

Richard Daykin, Australian rules footballer

Thomas Daykin, English footballer

Tony Daykin, American football player

Bert Daykin
Albert Victor 'Red' Daykin (25 July 1888 – 19 June 1955) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Daykin was a follower and forward from South Bendigo who in 1908 became the first of three brothers to appear in a VFL Grand Final. One of those brothers, Percy, was a dual Carlton premiership player and another, Richard, played in Collingwood's 1910 premiership team.

Playing on this occasion from the back pocket, Daykin finished on the losing team in the 1908 VFL Grand Final.

After three seasons with Essendon, Daykin joined Goldfields Football League club Mines Rovers and played there until 1913. He represented the Western Australian interstate team at the 1911 Adelaide Carnival.
Free Knowledge Institute
The Free Knowledge Institute (FKI) is a nonprofit organisation founded in 2006 in the Netherlands. Inspired by the free software movement, the FKI fosters the free exchange of knowledge in all areas of society by promoting freedom of use, modification, copying, and distribution of knowledge about education, technology, culture, and science.

The FKI coordinates and participates in projects concerning education, access to knowledge, intellectual property, and open educational resources.

Open standard
An open standard is a standard that is openly accessible and usable by anyone. It is also a common prerequisite that open standards use an open license that provides for extensibility. Typically, anybody can participate in their development due to their inherently open nature. There is no single definition, and interpretations vary with usage. Examples of open standards include the GSM, 4G, and 5G standards that allow most modern mobile phones to work world-wide.
Sokoch
Sokoch (Russian: Сокоч) is a rural locality in the Yelizovsky District of Kamchatka Krai in Far Eastern Russia. It is the administrative centre of Nachikinsky and lies 66.6 kilometres (41.4 mi) by road west of Yelizovo. The settlement was established in 1947 at the confluence of the rivers Plotnikova and Sokoch. In 2010 it had a population of 903 people. The river Sokoch is noted for its salmon.

Yelizovsky District
Yelizovsky District (Russian: Ели́зовский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion) of Kamchatka Krai, Russia, one of the eleven in the krai. It is located in the south of the krai. The area of the district is 40,996.4 square kilometers (15,828.8 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Yelizovo (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 24,566.
Der Internatsional
Der Internatsional (Yiddish: דער אינטערנאציאנאל, 'The Internationale') was a Yiddish language weekly newspaper published from Yekaterinoslav 1917-1920. The newspaper began publishing on August 1, 1917.

Initially Der Internatsional was the organ of the Yekaterinoslav Committee of the General Jewish Labour Bund. As of 1918 it functioned as the organ of the Regional Committee of the Bund for the Yekaterinoslav Governorate, the Kharkov Governorate, the Taurida Governorate and the Don Oblast.

Yekaterinoslav Governorate
Yekaterinoslav Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Yekaterinoslav. Covering an area of 63,392 km2 (24,476 mi2), and being composed of a inhabitant of 2,113,674 by the census of 1897, it bordered Poltava Governorate to the north, Don Host Oblast to the east, Sea of Azov to the southeast, Taurida Governorate to the south, and Kherson Governorate to the west, and covered the area of the Luhansk, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts of modern Ukraine.
Pretty Bob Creek
Pretty Bob Creek is a stream in eastern Henry County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary to the South Grand River within Truman Reservoir.

The stream headwaters arise at 38°20′20″N 93°38′21″W﻿ / ﻿38.33889°N 93.63917°W﻿ / 38.33889; -93.63917 west of the community of Coal on Missouri Route 7 and the stream flows generally south passing east of the community of Gaines to enter the Truman Reservoir west of the Missouri Route U crossing at 38°15′38″N 93°38′08″W﻿ / ﻿38.26056°N 93.63556°W﻿ / 38.26056; -93.63556.

Pretty Bob Creek has the name of Bob "Pretty Bob" Lawler.

Coal, Missouri
Coal is an unincorporated community in Henry County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is located on Missouri Route 7 approximately 10 miles east of Clinton. The Harry S Truman Reservoir on the South Grand River is about four miles to the south.
Keron Cummings
Keron Cummings (born 28 May 1988), is a Trinidadian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Central FC. He made 14 appearances for the Trinidad and Tobago national team scoring three goals.

Central F.C.
Central Football Club is a Trinidad and Tobago professional football club, based in California, that plays in the TT Pro League. Founded in 2012, the Sharks were the 21st team to join the Pro League and plays its home matches in Ato Boldon Stadium located in nearby Couva.
Bacolod, Lanao del Norte
Bacolod, officially the Municipality of Bacolod (Maranao: Inged a Bacolod; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Bacolod; Tagalog: Bayan ng Bacolod), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,367 people. The town is home to the ruins of an old Spanish fort, known as Fort Almonte, which is in dire need of proper conservation and faithful restoration by the National Museum of the Philippines.

Maranao language
Maranao (Filipino: Wikang Mëranaw; Jawi: باسا أ مراناو), sometimes spelled as Maranaw, Meranaw, or Mëranaw, is an Austronesian language spoken by the Maranao people in the provinces of Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte and their respective cities of Marawi and Iligan located in the Philippines, as well found also in Sabah, Malaysia. It is spoken among the Moros within the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.

It is closer to Iranun than to Maguindanao within the Danao subgroup.
69th World Science Fiction Convention
The 69th World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as Renovation, was held on 17–21 August 2011 at the Reno-Sparks Convention Center (RSCC) in Reno, Nevada, United States. The Atlantis Casino Resort served as the headquarters/party hotel, with additional rooms supplied by the Peppermill Reno and Courtyard by Marriott.

The convention committee was chaired by Patty Wells.

Chesley Awards
The Chesley Awards are the "pinnacle award" for art in the science fiction and fantasy genre. Established in 1985 by the Association of Science Fiction and Fantasy Artists, the awards recognize individual artistic works and achievements during a given year. The Chesleys were initially called the ASFA Awards, but were later renamed to honor famed astronomical artist Chesley Bonestell following his death in 1986. The awards are presented annually, typically at the World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon).
Earworm Records
Earworm Records was a London-based independent record label, with its first release by the band Hood in 1997. Other bands to release music on the label include Yo La Tengo, Electric Sound of Joy, Of Montreal, Stars of the Lid, Windy & Carl, Portal, The Besnard Lakes, Fridge, Appliance, Damon & Naomi and Magnétophone.

Yo La Tengo
Yo La Tengo (Spanish for "I've got it"; also abbreviated as YLT) is an American indie rock band formed in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1984. Since 1992, the lineup has consisted of Ira Kaplan (guitars, piano, vocals), Georgia Hubley (drums, piano, vocals), and James McNew (bass, vocals). In 2015, original guitarist Dave Schramm rejoined the band and appeared on their fourteenth album, Stuff Like That There.

Despite achieving limited mainstream success, Yo La Tengo has been called "the quintessential critics' band" and maintains a strong cult following. Though they mostly play original material, the band performs a wide repertoire of cover songs both in live performance and on record.
Karen Torrez
Karen Milenka Torrez Guzmán (born 29 July 1992) is a Bolivian swimmer from Cochabamba. She competes in the Women's 100m Freestyle. She was flag bearer for the nation at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

She qualified to the 2019 Pan American Games during the 2018 South American Games.

In 2019, she represented Bolivia at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships in Gwangju, South Korea. She competed in the women's 50 metre freestyle and women's 100 metre freestyle events. In both events she did not advance to compete in the semi-finals.

2018 South American Games
The 2018 South American Games was a multi-sport event that took place in Cochabamba, Bolivia. It was the 11th edition of the ODESUR South American Games.

A total of 373 sporting events are scheduled to be contested across a variety of sports.
Box Butte County Courthouse
The Box Butte County Courthouse, which is located on Box Butte Ave. between E. 5th and 6th Sts. in Alliance, Nebraska, is a historic building that was built in 1913.  It was designed by Rose & Peterson in Beaux Arts architectural style.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Alliance, Nebraska
Alliance is a city in and the county seat of Box Butte County, in the western part of the state of Nebraska, in the Great Plains region of the United States. Its population was 8,151 at the 2020 census.

Alliance is home to Carhenge, a replica of Stonehenge constructed with automobiles, which is located north of the city. It is also the location of Alliance Municipal Airport, which in 2021 was the least-used airport in the mainland United States.
Love Sign
"Love Sign" is a song by American musician Prince, from the 1-800-NEW-FUNK compilation album released by his independent record label NPG Records in 1994.

"Love Sign" was the most successful song released from the album, and it is a duet with Nona Gaye, although Prince (known as "The Artist Formerly Known as Prince" at the time because of his name change to an unpronounceable symbol) is uncredited as a singer due to his contractual dispute with Warner Bros. Records. A promotional single was sent out to radio stations independently through Prince's record label NPG Records, and was not commercially released. The song has an anti-violence message and was most successful on the R&B charts (becoming a top 40 hit). The song also received a remix by Shock G on Prince's album Crystal Ball.

NPG Records
NPG Records is a record label that was owned by Prince and run by Trevor Guy. "NPG" is short for New Power Generation. It was founded to release his music after Paisley Park Records was shut down by Warner Bros. Records in 1994.

Though the 1994 compilation 1-800-NEW-FUNK featured several artists, NPG Records never developed into a full label like Paisley Park did; instead, it exclusively released Prince's albums or side-projects.