hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Umbilicaria polyphylla
Umbilicaria polyphylla, commonly known as petaled rock tripe, is a widely distributed species of saxicolous lichen in the family Umbilicariaceae. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work Species Plantarum as Lichen polyphyllus. German botanist Johann Christian Gottlob Baumgarten transferred it to the genus Umbilicaria in 1790. The lichen has a dark brown to black thallus that measures 2–6 cm (0.8–2.4 in) in diameter. The upper surface is smooth, while the lower surface is sooty black. It grows on exposed rocks, typically in arctic-alpine habitats.

In Iceland, it has the conservation status of a vulnerable species (VU).

Umbilicariaceae
The Umbilicariaceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota. Species of this family are known from a variety of climates, including temperate, boreal, austral, and warmer montane regions. The family contains five genera and 53 species.
Skafandr
Skafandr  (Cyrillic: Скафандр) is a popular Russian band playing in the self-definite "metal-dub" style. Skafandr was formed in 1998 by Eugeniy Rybnikov, Yuriy Vitel, and Kirill Soloviyov in Saint Petersburg. Until 2001 the band was giving concerts with Anna Stolyarova's vocals, but since then focused on instrumental music only.

With the band's permission, several tracks from its second CD have been used as the soundtrack for animated shorts on Mult.ru - home of Masyanya.

2001 in music
This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 2001.

3.2 billion units were sold with a value of US$33.7 billion. DVD-Audio and Super Audio CD first rose to prominence in 2001, with approximately 600 titles available in these formats. Portable music grew in popularity after Apple Inc. released the iTunes media library on January 9 and the first iPod music player device on October 23. Worldwide, the best-selling albums were Hybrid Theory (2000) by Linkin Park, No Angel (1999) by Dido, and Survivor (2001) by Destiny's Child. The best-selling non-English album was Cieli di Toscana (transl. Tuscan Skies; 2001) by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, which topped the charts in the Netherlands and Sweden and was the 23rd best-selling album globally.
2002–03 Liga Alef
The 2002–03 Liga Alef season saw Hapoel Herzliya (champions of the North Division) and Hapoel Tira (champions of the South Division) winning the title and promotion to 2003–04. During the summer, Beitar Avraham Be'er Sheva folded, and Hapoel Marmorek was promoted to 2003–04 as well.

At the bottom, Hapoel Hadera, Hapoel Tayibe (from North division) were all automatically relegated to Liga Bet, whilst Beitar Kiryat Gat and A.S. Ramat Eliyahu (from South division) were reprieved from relegation, after Beitar Avraham Be'er Sheva and Hapoel Dimona folded.

F.C. Tira
F.C. Tira (Hebrew: מועדון ספורט טירה), Moadon Sport Tira, lit. Tira Sport Club (or in short Hebrew: מ.ס. טירה Mem Samekh Tira, lit. F.C. Tira) is an Israeli football club based in Tira. The club is currently in Liga Alef North division.
International Confederation of European Beet Growers
The International Confederation of European Beet Growers (Confédération Internationale des Betteraviers Européens - CIBE) is an organization representing sugar beet farmers in 15 countries in Europe. It operates on behalf of affiliate organizations in each country. Its head office is in Brussels, Belgium.

It was founded in Warsaw in Poland in 1925. It is a member of the EU Beet Sugar Sustainability Partnership and the International Institute of Sugar Beet Research.

Sugar beet
A sugar beet is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of sucrose and is grown commercially for sugar production. In plant breeding, it is known as the Altissima cultivar group of the common beet (Beta vulgaris). Together with other beet cultivars, such as beetroot and chard, it belongs to the subspecies Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris but is classified as var. saccharifera. Its closest wild relative is the sea beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima).

Sugar beets are grown in climates that are too cold for sugarcane. In 2024, Russia and  Germany were the two largest sugar beet producers contributing to a world total of 294 million tonnes. Sugarcane accounts for most of the rest of sugar produced globally.
Blackhawk Airfield
Blackhawk Airfield (FAA LID: 87Y) is a privately owned public use airport in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located 10 nautical miles (12 mi, 19 km) east of the central business district of Madison, near the village of Cottage Grove. This airport was included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility, but is not listed in the 2021–2025 NPIAS.

Cottage Grove, Wisconsin
Cottage Grove is a village in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. Its population was 7,303 at the 2020 census. A suburb of Madison, it shares a school district with Monona. The village is located partially within the survey township of Cottage Grove.

The village was named from a settler's cottage in a grove near the village site.
Odious number
In number theory, an odious number is a positive integer that has an odd number of 1s in its binary expansion. Nonnegative integers that are not odious are called evil numbers.

In computer science, an odious number is said to have odd parity.

Hamming weight
The Hamming weight of a string is the number of symbols that are different from the zero-symbol of the alphabet used. It is thus equivalent to the Hamming distance from the all-zero string of the same length. For the most typical case, a given set of bits, this is the number of bits set to 1, or the digit sum of the binary representation of a given number and the ℓ₁ norm of a bit vector. In this binary case, it is also called the population count, popcount, sideways sum, or bit summation.
John Frieda
John Frieda (born Alan Howard Frieda, 9 July 1951) is a British celebrity hairstylist and founder of hair salon and hair product businesses. The hair product business was acquired in 2002 by Kao Corporation, Japan.

As of March 2025, The Sunday Times estimated his net worth at £150 million.

Hairdresser
A hairdresser is a person whose occupation is to cut or style hair in order to change or maintain a person's image. This is achieved using a combination of hair coloring, haircutting, and hair texturing techniques. A hairdresser may also be referred to as a 'barber' or 'hairstylist'.
Lifegate Christian School (Eugene, Oregon)
Lifegate Christian School is a private Christian high school in Eugene, Oregon, United States.

The school has been accredited by the Association of Christian Schools International since 1994, and by the Northwest Association of Accredited Schools since 1996.

Christian school
A Christian school is a religious school run on Christian principles or by a Christian organization. These schools often include religious education and worship in their curriculum. They may also have a distinct Christian mission or philosophy.

The nature of Christian schools varies enormously from country to country, according to the religious, educational, and political cultures. In some countries, there is a strict separation of church and state, so all religious schools are private; in others, there is an established church whose teachings form an integral part of the state-operated educational system; in yet others, the state subsidizes religious schools of various denominations.
2017 Men's Indoor Hockey Asia Cup
The 2017 Men's Indoor Hockey Asia Cup was the seventh edition of the Men's Indoor Hockey Asia Cup, the biennial international men's indoor hockey championship of Asia, organized by the Asian Hockey Federation. It was held in Doha, Qatar from 24 to 28 April 2017.

Iran defeated Kazakhstan in the final to win the cup and secured a place in 2018 Men's Indoor Hockey World Cup.

Indoor hockey
Indoor hockey is an indoor variant of field hockey. It is similar to the outdoor game in that two teams compete to move a hard ball into the goal of the opposing side using hockey sticks. Indoor hockey is played on a smaller area and between smaller teams than field hockey and the sidelines are replaced by solid barriers from which the ball rebounds and remains in play.

It is traditionally and mainly played as a pastime by outdoor field hockey players during the off-season or when conditions are unsuitable for outdoor play. Indoor hockey is played in regular national and international championships. The first Indoor Hockey World Cup was organized in 2003. It included countries which do not compete at the highest level of the outdoor game.
Gustav Adolf Church, Iisalmi
Gustav Adolf Church (Finnish: Kustaa Aadolfin kirkko, Swedish: Gustav Adolfs kyrka), also known as Iisalmi Old Church (Finnish: Iisalmen vanha kirkko, Swedish: Idensalmi gamla kyrka), is a wooden church in Iisalmi, Finland, which was consecrated in 1780. The Finnish Heritage Agency has classified the church as a nationally significant built cultural environment. Prior to the union of municipalities and parishes in the early 1970s, the Gustav Adolf Church was the main church of the Iisalmi rural parish, while the town parish used a new church completed in 1934. The church was to be named after the then Swedish heir to the crown, Gustav Adolf, and the use of the name was approved by the ruler later in the autumn.

Finnish Heritage Agency
The Finnish Heritage Agency (Finnish: Museovirasto, Swedish: Museiverket), previously known in English as the National Board of Antiquities, preserves Finland's material cultural heritage: collects, studies and distributes knowledge of it. The agency is a cultural and research institution, but it is also a government authority charged with the protection of archaeological sites, built heritage, cultural-historically valuable environments and cultural property, in collaboration with other officials and museums.

The Agency offers a wide range and diversified range of services, a professional staff of specialists, the exhibitions and collections of its several museums, extensive archives, and a specialized scientific library, all of which are at the disposal of the general public.

The Finnish Heritage Agency is attached to the Ministry of Education.
Robyn Williams (cricketer)
Robyn Williams (born 31 August 1986) is a former Australian cricketer who is a right-handed batter and right-arm medium bowler. During the mid-2000s, she played six List A matches for Western Australia in the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL).

Western Australia women's cricket team
The Western Australia Women cricket team, previously known as Western Fury, is the women's representative cricket team for the Australian State of Western Australia. They play their home games at WACA West Ground, Perth. They compete in the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL), the premier 50-over women's cricket tournament in Australia. They previously played in the now-defunct Australian Women's Twenty20 Cup and Australian Women's Cricket Championships.
Early Childhood Research Quarterly
Early Childhood Research Quarterly is an academic journal providing current research (predominantly empirical) in the field of early childhood (birth through eight years of age) education and development that was established in 1986. The journal also publishes occasional book reviews, practitioner/policy perspectives, and research reviews. Its focus is on education, policy, and social relevance, seeking links between research and practice. The journal is published four times a year by Elsevier and sponsored by the National Association for the Education of Young Children. Its previous publishers were Pergamon Press and Ablex Publishing. The editor in chief is Laura Justice (Ohio State University). Previous editors include Adam Winsler (George Mason University), Karen E. Diamond (Purdue University) and the founding editor was Lilian G. Katz.

Early childhood
Early childhood is a stage in human development following infancy and preceding middle childhood. It generally includes toddlerhood and some time afterward. Play age is an unspecific designation approximately within the scope of early childhood.
We Can't Be Stopped (No Limit Records album)
We Can't Be Stopped is a compilation album released by hip hop record label No Limit Records. It was released on December 8, 1998, and was produced by Beats By the Pound members KLC, Mo B. Dick, Craig B. and Carlos Stephens, Meech Wells and Ke'Noe. The album was successful on the charts, selling 110,000 copies in its first week, peaking at #19 on the Billboard 200 and #2 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.

KLC
Craig Stephen Lawson (born July 15, 1969), known professionally as KLC, is an American record producer, DJ and drummer. He found fame as a member of No Limit Records' in-house production team Beats by the Pound. Since leaving the label, he has been a member of the Medicine Men and has his own record label Overdose Entertainment aka Overdose Empire.
Fialová legie
Fialová legie (FL, Czech: Purple Legion) was a paramilitary organization founded in 1936 in Czechoslovakia, which belonged to the Czechoslovak Traders' Party. Josef Václav Najman, the chairman of the party, given the situation in the 1930s, wanted to contribute to strengthening the country's defenses. The Legion was approved by the Ministry of the Interior on 12 December 1936. After the occupation in 1939 and the establishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, the Legion was banned.

Czechoslovak Traders' Party
The Czechoslovak Traders' Party (Czech: Československá živnostensko-obchodnická strana středostavovská, ČŽOS) was a liberal and conservative political party in Czechoslovakia, whose notable leaders were Josef Václav Najman and Rudolf Mlčoch.
Scandium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate
Scandium trifluoromethanesulfonate, commonly called scandium triflate, is a chemical compound with formula Sc(SO3CF3)3, a salt consisting of scandium cations Sc3+ and triflate SO3CF−3 anions.

Scandium triflate is used as a reagent in organic chemistry as a Lewis acid. Compared to other Lewis acids, this reagent is stable towards water and can often be used in organic reactions as a true catalyst rather than one used in stoichiometric amounts. The compound is prepared by reaction of scandium oxide with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid.

An example of the scientific use of scandium triflate is the Mukaiyama aldol addition reaction between benzaldehyde and the silyl enol ether of cyclohexanone with an 81% yield.

Sc(OTf)3-mediated aldol condensation

Triflic acid
Triflic acid, the short name for trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, TFMS, TFSA, HOTf or TfOH, is a sulfonic acid with the chemical formula CF3SO3H.  It is one of the strongest known acids. Triflic acid is mainly used in research as a catalyst for esterification. It is a hygroscopic, colorless, slightly viscous liquid that is soluble in polar solvents.
Francis Dukinfield Astley
Francis Dukinfield Astley (1781–1825) was an English poet, art collector, agriculturalist, industrialist, and High Sheriff of Cheshire. As a patron of the arts he was influential in the development of Manchester's first cultural institutions in the early 19th century.

When he died unexpectedly there were widespread rumours—never proven—that he was poisoned by his brother-in-law, Whig politician Thomas Gisborne.

Private collection
A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items.  In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual or organization, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. This source is usually an art collector, although it could also be a school, church, bank, or some other company or organization. By contrast, collectors of books, even if they collect for aesthetic reasons (fine bookbindings or illuminated manuscripts for example), are called bibliophiles, and their collections are typically referred to as libraries.
Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules
The French National Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (French: Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules, IN2P3), also known as CNRS Nucléaire & Particules, is the coordinating body for nuclear and particle physics in France. It was established in 1971 as a division of the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS). Its purpose is "to promote and unite research activities in the various fields of physics".

Paris Diderot University
Paris Diderot University, also known as Paris 7 (French: Université Paris Diderot), was a French university located in Paris, France. It was one of the inheritors of the historic University of Paris, which was split into 13 universities in 1970. Paris Diderot merged with Paris Descartes University in 2019 to form the University of Paris, which was later renamed Paris Cité University.

With two Nobel Prize laureates, two Fields Medal winners and two former French Ministers of Education among its faculty or former faculty, the university was famous for its teaching in science, especially in mathematics. Many fundamental results of the theory of probability were discovered at one of its research centres, the Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires (Laboratory of Probability and Random Models).
Amenemhat VI
See Amenemhat, for other individuals with this name.

Seankhibre Ameny Antef Amenemhat VI was an Egyptian pharaoh of the early Thirteenth Dynasty.

Amenemhat VI certainly enjoyed a short reign, estimated at 3 years or shorter. He is attested by a few contemporary artefacts and is listed on two different king lists. He may belong to a larger family of pharaohs including Amenemhat V, Ameny Qemau, Hotepibre Qemau Siharnedjheritef and Iufni.

Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Thirteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty XIII) was a series of rulers from approximately 1803 BC until approximately 1649 BC, i.e. for 154 years. It is often classified as the final dynasty of the Middle Kingdom (which includes Dynasties XI, XII and XIV), but some historians instead group it in the Second Intermediate Period (with Dynasties XIV through XVII).

Dynasty XIII initially ruled from the Nile Delta to the second cataract of the Nile. However, the dynasty marked a period of decline and instability, with the Canaanite Dynasty XIV rising concurrently and the Hyksos Dynasty XV taking control shortly after.

Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep is usually considered Dynasty XIII's first pharaoh, and Merneferre Ay, while not the final pharaoh, was the last to occupy the Middle Kingdom capital of Itjtawy, and the last of the dynasty with a significant recorded reign.
J Class (yacht)
The J Class of racing yachts were built to the specifications of Nathanael Herreshoff's Universal Rule. The J Class is considered the apex of the era when the Universal Rule determined eligibility in the  America's Cup.

With boats costing $10-20 million to build and yearly upkeep around $3 million, J Class racing has been described as the "most expensive hobby on Earth".

International rule (sailing)
The International rule, also known as the Metre rule, was created for the measuring and rating of yachts to allow different designs of yacht to race together under a handicap system. Prior to the ratification of the International rule in 1907, countries raced yachts under their own national rules and international competition was always subject to various forms of subjective handicapping.
Coast Guard Goal 2030
Coast Guard Goal 2030 is a planned modernization program for the Bangladesh Coast Guard. The goal includes increasing manpower, purchasing more ships, hovercraft, helicopters, UAVs, maritime patrol aircraft and adding new generation surveillance technologies. The vision of the goal is for the Bangladesh Coast Guard to be a technologically advanced two-dimensional force that is capable of effectively protecting the coastal area of Bangladesh. Additionally, it will assist the Bangladesh Navy in case of any national emergency.

Bangladesh Navy
The Bangladesh Navy (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনী, romanized: Bānlādeś Noubāhinī; abbreviated as BN) is the naval warfare branch of the Bangladesh Armed Forces, responsible for defending the maritime interests and territorial waters of Bangladesh. Operating under the Ministry of Defence, the Navy conducts maritime security, naval defense, surveillance, and disaster relief operations. Established after the 1971 Liberation War, the Bangladesh Navy has developed into a modern and professional force, actively participating in United Nations peacekeeping operations and regional maritime security initiatives. The Bangladesh Navy today is typically categorized as a green-water navy both domestically and internationally.
The King's Woman
The King's Woman (Chinese: 秦时丽人明月心) is a 2017 Chinese television series starring Dilraba Dilmurat and Vin Zhang. It is adapted from the novel The Legend of Qin: Li Ji Story (秦时明月之丽姬传). The series aired on Zhejiang TV every Monday to Wednesday, from 14 August to 4 October 2017.

Jing Ke
Jing Ke (died 227 BC) was a youxia during the late Warring States period of Ancient China. As a retainer of Crown Prince Dan of the Yan state, Jing Ke was infamous for his failed assassination attempt on King Zheng of the Qin state, who later became Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty and the first unified sovereign in Chinese history. Jing Ke's story is told in the chapter titled Biographies of Assassins (刺客列傳) in Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian.
Jessui
Jessui Silva do Nascimento (born July 20, 1982 in Beberibe) is a Brazilian former footballer who played as a striker. He had two experiences outside Brazil playing in Portugal for Primeira Liga club União Leiria and in Romania for Liga I club Pandurii Târgu Jiu.

CS Pandurii Târgu Jiu
Clubul Sportiv Pandurii Lignitul Târgu Jiu (Romanian pronunciation: [ˌklubul sporˈtiv panˈdurij liɡˈnitul ˌtɨrɡu ˈʒiw]), commonly known as Pandurii Târgu Jiu or simply Pandurii, was a Romanian football club based in Târgu Jiu, Gorj County, which last competed in the Liga IV.

Founded in 1962 following the merger of Flacăra-Unirea Târgu Jiu and CIL Târgu Jiu, the team's best performances were finishing as Liga I runners-up in the 2012–13 season and playing a League Cup final in 2015. Gorjenii qualified for the first time for a European competition in the 2013–14 campaign, when they reached the group stages of the UEFA Europa League.

The colours of Pandurii Târgu Jiu were white and blue, and they played their home games at the Tudor Vladimirescu Stadium, which has a seating capacity of 12,518.
Ginka Zagorcheva
Ginka Zagorcheva-Boycheva, Bulgarian: Гинка Загорчева-Бойчева (born 12 April 1958) is a former hurdling athlete from Bulgaria. She was born in Plovdiv, and is most notable for winning the 100 metres hurdles at the 1987 World Championships.  She held the world record for a year with a time of 12.25 sec, until it was beaten by Yordanka Donkova in August 1988. She also competed in the women's 100 metres hurdles at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

1987 World Championships in Athletics
The 2nd World Championships in Athletics (Italian: Campionati del mondo di atletica leggera 1987) under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations were held in the Stadio Olimpico in Rome, Italy between August 28 and September 6, 1987.