hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan
Rashtriya Uchchattar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) (Hindi for "National Higher Education Mission") is a holistic scheme of development for higher education in India initiated in 2013 by the Ministry of Education, Government of India. The centrally sponsored scheme aims at providing strategic funding to higher educational institutions throughout the country. Funding is provided by the central ministry through the state governments and union territories (UT), which in coordination with the central Project Appraisal Board will monitor the academic, administrative and financial advancements taken under the scheme. A total of 316 state public universities and 13,024 colleges will be covered under it.

Centrally Sponsored Scheme
Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) are schemes that are implemented by state governments of India but are largely funded by the central government with a defined state government share. Examples of such schemes include the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act and the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana.
In a Heartbeat (album)
In a Heartbeat is an album by American jazz drummer Whit Dickey recorded in 2004 and released on the Portuguese Clean Feed label. For this record, Dickey expanded to a quintet consisting of the quartet with whom he recorded Big Top, with the addition of trumpeter Roy Campbell. The band plays four Dickey compositions and the Carla Bley original "Calls".

Clean Feed Records
Clean Feed Records is a jazz record label founded in Lisbon, Portugal, in 2001.

The label's roster includes Ray Anderson, Tim Berne, Carlos Bica, Anthony Braxton, Mark Dresser, Ellery Eskelin, Peter Evans, Scott Fields, Fight the Big Bull, Charles Gayle, Dennis González, Mary Halvorson, Alfred Harth,  Tony Malaby, Joe Morris, Caterina Palazzi, Evan Parker,  Elliott Sharp, Ken Vandermark, and Otomo Yoshihide.

Since 2006, the company has presented the annual Clean Feed Festival in New York City, featuring performances by Clean Feed recording artists. Starting in 2010, it expanded its festivals to include Chicago and cities in Europe.

All About Jazz  in 2009 rated it one of the five best jazz labels in the world for the last two years running.
Sonia Santiago
Sonia Santiago (also: Sonia Santiago-Brückner, born 1 November 1966) is a ballet dancer and ballet teacher.

Sonia Santiago was born in Madrid. She grew up in Germany and began ballet dancing at age five. She studied at the John Cranko Schule, graduating in 1985. She danced first with the companies of the Staatstheater Saarbrücken (de) and the Staatsoper Hannover. In 1990, she was engaged at the Stuttgart Ballet, promoted to soloist in 1994 and to first soloist in 1997.

Several solo parts were created for her, including choreographies by Christian Spuck, Stephan Thoss and Renato Zanella. She danced in choreographies by Maurice Béjart, Nacho Duato, William Forsythe, Marcia Haydée, Jiří Kylián, Hans van Manen, Uwe Scholz and Glen Tetley, among others. From 2001, she has worked as a free-lance ballet trainer and dancer, including dance projects with children in schools.

Glen Tetley
Glen Tetley (February 3, 1926 – January 26, 2007) was an American ballet and modern dancer as well as a choreographer who mixed ballet and modern dance to create a new way of looking at dance, and is best known for his piece Pierrot Lunaire.
Kazuki Kaneshiro
Kazuki Kaneshiro (金城 一紀, Kaneshiro Kazuki, born 29 October 1968) is a Zainichi Korean novelist who was born in Kawaguchi, Saitama.

Later in his life he acquired Japanese citizenship. Due to early influence from his Marxist-Leninist father, he studied at the Chongryon-affiliated elementary school and middle school. Afterwards his father switched his affiliation for Mindan, he instead studied at Hozen High School (保善高等学校) in Tokyo Shibuya. He graduated in Law at Keio University. With the strong confusions with Chongryon, Mindan, and Japanese politics he wanted to promote an alternative "Korean-Japanese" (コリアン・ジャパニーズ) identity to overcome social obstacles, but later he abandoned this concept.

Mindan
Mindan (Korean: 민단, Hanja: 民團), or the Korean Residents Union in Japan (Korean: 재일본대한민국민단, Japanese: 在日本大韓民国民団), is one of two main organizations for Koreans living in Japan, the other being Chongryon. Mindan has ties to South Korea and was established in 1946 in Tokyo, Japan. Currently, among the 610,000 Korean residents in Japan who have not become naturalized Japanese citizens, 65% are members of Mindan, and another 25% are members of Chongryon.

Mindan members prefer the modern South Korean term Kankoku (韓国) to be used when discussing Korea. Chongryon members, some of whom are North Korean fellow travellers, prefer the older term Chōsen (朝鮮). Because Chōsen was the Korean term used during the Japanese rule of Korea and North Korea does not recognize Kankoku, this causes enmity between the groups.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 21
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 21 (P. Oxy. 21) is a fragment of the second book of the Iliad (Β, 745-764), written in Greek. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The fragment is dated to the first or second century AD. It is housed in the Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures at the University of Chicago. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a roll. The measurements of the fragment are 200 mm × 147 mm (7.9 in × 5.8 in). The fragment contains 20 lines of text. The text is written in a large round upright uncial hand. There are rough breathings and accents.

Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures
The Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, West Asia and North Africa (ISAC), formerly known as the Oriental Institute (OI), is a research institute and museum of the University of Chicago, located in Hyde Park, Chicago, Illinois, United States.

Established in May 1919, the institute was founded by Egyptologist and professor James Henry Breasted with funds donated by John D. Rockefeller Jr. It conducts research on ancient civilizations throughout the Near East, including at its facility, Chicago House, in Luxor, Egypt. The institute also publicly exhibits an extensive collection of artifacts related to ancient civilizations and archaeological discoveries at its on-campus building in Hyde Park, Chicago. According to anthropologist William Parkinson of the Field Museum of Natural History, the institute's highly focused "near Eastern, or southwest Asian and Egyptian" collection is one of the finest in the world.
Beklemeto Pass
Beklemeto Pass (Bulgarian: Беклемето [bɛklɛˈmɛto]), also known as Troyan Pass (Bulgarian: Троянски проход [troˈjanski ˈprɔxot]), is a mountain pass in the Balkan Mountains (Stara Planina) in Bulgaria. It connects Troyan and Karnare on the Karlovo Plain.

The pass is in north-central Bulgaria 20 km from the town of Troyan. The pass features a ski resort.

The pass is on one of the main roads connecting northern and southern Bulgaria. This was the Roman Via Trayana (Trajan road), and some of the Roman remains can still be seen. North of the pass was the fortress of Ad Radices, south of it was Sub Radices, and at the pass was the crest station of Montemno (Monte Haemo), the foundation of which is still visible.

Close to the pass there is a monument dedicated to the liberation struggle of the Bulgarians on the peak of Goraltepe, a 15-minute hike to the east of the pass. It is accessible via a narrow paved road.

Troyan
Troyan (Bulgarian: Троян pronounced [troˈjan]) is a town remembering the name of Roman Emperor Trajan, in Lovech Province in central Bulgaria . It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Troyan Municipality. The town is about 162 kilometres (101 miles) from the national capital Sofia. The Beli Osam river passes through the heart of the town.
The 2021 Census indicates that the population of Troyan was 18,449 inhabitants. The ethnic distribution of the inhabitants (as of 2009) is ethnic Bulgarians (87.29%), with minorities being Roma (1.23%) and Turks (1.03%). 
Donka Mihaylova of Bulgarian Socialist Party has been the town's mayor since 2011.
Ceremony to the Sunset
Ceremony to the Sunset is the debut studio album by Yawning Sons, a collaborative musical project formed by members of American band Yawning Man and British band Sons of Alpha Centauri. It was released on June 15, 2009, by Lexicon Devil Records, with a deluxe vinyl edition released by Alone Records on October 25, 2014.

Sons of Alpha Centauri
Sons of Alpha Centauri (sometimes abbreviated to SOAC) is an English rock band based in Swale, Kent. Founded in 2001 by Nick Hannon and Marlon King, the band has developed and borrowed from a range of styles from the 1970s through to the 1990s including stoner rock, desert rock, post-metal and the New wave of British heavy metal, as well as British artists as Black Sabbath and Pink Floyd. They were originally an instrumental band, but started to add vocals into their music since their third studio album Push in 2021.

Sons of Alpha Centauri are mostly noted for their ongoing collaborations and aversion to public performances, having performed under 20 gigs since their formation in 2001, of which six have been at the Camden Underworld in London. Their eponymously titled debut studio album Sons of Alpha Centauri was released in 2007, with common themes for the band including outer space, World War III and environmental preservation.
Vernon De Marco
Vernon De Marco Morlacchi (born 18 November 1992) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Super League Greece club Panserraikos. Born in Argentina, he plays for the Slovakia national team.

Panserraikos F.C.
Panserraikos Football Club (Greek: ΠΑΕ Πανσερραϊκός), the All-Serres Football Club, is a Greek football club based in Serres in  Greece. Panserraikos is one of the most important and well-supported clubs in northern Greece and had a near-continuous presence in the First Division in the 1960s and 70s. The club currently play in Super League Greece, the top tier of Greek football.
Republika nadziei
Republic of Hope (Polish: Republika nadziei) is a 1988 Polish historical film created by Zbigniew Kuźmiński and written by Kuźmiński and Kazimierz Radowicz. Film is based on the miniseries The Republic of Ostrów (Polish: Republika Ostrowska) which premiered on TVP on June 4, 1986.

Set in 1918, the film revolves around two landed gentry families (Kroguleccy and Wodniczakowie) from Greater Poland whose lives intersect. At its core, it is the story of the secret society (The Tomasz Zan Society) which helped organizing a short-lived autonomous republic called the Republic of Ostrów. The film explores a wide variety of themes, including Greater Poland uprising (1918–19), Polish youth lives during the age of partitions, and a rapidly changing social and political climate.

Republic of Hope earned much critical acclaim and accolades including the 1986 Golden Screen Award. It was filmed between 1984 and 1985 in Gołuchów Castle and Schloss Gorkau among others, and released in 1988.

Republic of Ostrów
The Republic of Ostrów (Polish: Republika Ostrowska) was a short-lived autonomous republic in the Polish area of Ostrów Wielkopolski. The republic, declared on 10 November 1918, intended to liberate Poles from Prussia and the German Empire. It was formed about a month before the Greater Poland Uprising.
Peroxide value
Detection of peroxide gives the initial evidence of rancidity in unsaturated fats and oils. Other methods are available, but peroxide value is the most widely used. It gives a measure of the extent to which an oil sample has undergone primary oxidation; extent of secondary oxidation may be determined from p-anisidine test.

The double bonds found in fats and oils play a role in autoxidation. Oils with a high degree of unsaturation are most susceptible to autoxidation. The best test for autoxidation (oxidative rancidity) is determination of the peroxide value. Peroxides are intermediates in the autoxidation reaction.

Autoxidation is a free radical reaction involving oxygen that leads to deterioration of fats and oils which form off-flavours and off-odours. Peroxide value, concentration of peroxide in an oil or fat, is useful for assessing the extent to which spoilage has advanced.

Free-radical addition
In organic chemistry, free-radical addition is an addition reaction which involves free radicals.  These reactions can happen due to the free radicals having an unpaired electron in their valence shell, making them highly reactive.  Radical additions are known for a variety of unsaturated substrates, both olefinic or aromatic and with or without heteroatoms.

Free-radical reactions depend on one or more relatively weak bonds in a reagent.  Under reaction conditions (typically heat or light), some weak bonds homolyse into radicals, which then induce further decomposition in their compatriots before recombination.  Different mechanisms typically apply to reagents without such a weak bond.
Dalcerides sofia
Dalcerides sofia is a moth in the family Dalceridae. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1910. It is found in southern Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. The habitat consists of tropical moist, tropical dry, tropical premontane wet, subtropical moist, subtropical dry and warm temperate wet forests.

The length of the forewings is 6–9 mm for males and 9–11 mm for females. Adults are on wing year round.

The larvae have been recorded feeding on an unidentified orchid species.

Harrison Gray Dyar Jr.
Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. (February 14, 1866 – January 21, 1929) was an American entomologist. Dyar's Law, a pattern of geometric progression in the growth of insect parts, is named after him. He was also noted for eccentric pursuits which included digging tunnels under his home. He had a complicated personal life and along with his second wife he adopted the Baháʼí Faith.
Mawchi
Mawchi is a region in the Bawlake district of the Kayah State (formerly called Karenni State) of Myanmar.

In the 1930s, the Mawchi Mine was the world's most important source of tungsten. Mawchi contained the world's largest granite-hosted tin-tungsten vein system before World War II. From 1930 to 1940, ore production amounted to 2,000 to 6,000 tonnes annually, which amounted to 60% of Myanmar's total production, and one-third of the world's tungsten. From 1980 to 2010, 25,000 tonnes of tin-tungsten ore were produced. Mawchi is located in the Western Granite Province, composed of Cretaceous to Eocene I-type granites and S-type granites, dominated by ilmenite-series rocks of granodioritic and syenogranitic composition.

On January 28 in the Myanmar Civil War, the town was seized by the KNDF.

Ilmenite
Ilmenite is a titanium-iron(II) oxide mineral with the idealized formula FeTiO3. It is a weakly magnetic black or steel-gray solid. Ilmenite is the most important ore of titanium and the main source of titanium dioxide, which is used as white pigment in paints, printing inks, fabrics, plastics, paper, sunscreen, food and cosmetics.
Owned (slang)
Owned is a  slang word that originated in the 1990s among hackers where it referred to "rooting" or gaining administrative control over someone else's computer. The term eventually spread to gamers, who used the term to mean defeat in gaming. Other variations of the word owned include own3d, 0wn3d, pwned, pwnt, POWER OWNED and pooned, terms which incorporate elements of leetspeak.

In 2009, Newgrounds described a security vulnerability in ActiveX as leaving Windows XP and Windows 2003 Server users open to a "Browse-And-Get-Owned" attack.

Owned has now spread beyond computer and gaming contexts and become part of standard slang, especially in social media, and is typically used to signify severe defeat or humiliation, usually in an amusing way or through the dominance of an opposing party, in diverse contexts ranging from sports to politics (e.g. "Obama owns Fox News" or "Trump owns CNN").

Superuser
In computing, the superuser is a special user account used for system administration. Depending on the operating system (OS), the actual name of this account might be root, administrator, admin or supervisor. The principle of least privilege recommends that most users and applications run under an ordinary account to perform their work, as a superuser account is capable of making unrestricted, potentially adverse, system-wide changes.

In some cases, the actual name of the account determines whether the user is a superuser. In others, the name of the account is not the determining factor; on Unix-like systems, for example, the user with a user identifier (UID) of zero is the superuser [i.e., uid=0], regardless of the name of that account; and in systems which implement a role-based security model, any user with the role of superuser can carry out all actions of the superuser account.
Clyde, Kewaunee County, Wisconsin
Clyde is an unincorporated community located in the town of Casco, Kewaunee County, Wisconsin, United States. It is on County Highway E near the Kewaunee River, 5.6 miles (9.0 km) northwest of Kewaunee.

Kewaunee, Wisconsin
Kewaunee is a city in Kewaunee County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,837 at the 2020 census. Located on the northwestern shore of Lake Michigan, the city is the county seat of Kewaunee County. Its Menominee name is Kewāneh, an archaic name for a species of duck. Kewaunee is part of the Green Bay metropolitan area.
Cape Campbell Lighthouse
Cape Campbell Lighthouse is a lighthouse at Cape Campbell in the Marlborough region of the South Island of New Zealand. It is owned and operated by Maritime New Zealand.
The original lighthouse at this site was first lit on 1 August 1870. However, this lighthouse was constructed of timber, and in 1898 these timbers were found to be decaying. This led to the construction of the current cast iron tower, which began operating in October 1905.

The light was originally fuelled by oil. In 1938 the oil lamp was replaced with an electric one powered by a local diesel generator. This was subsequently replaced by a connection to the mains grid in the 1960s. The light was fully automated in 1986 and is now managed from a control room in Wellington.

It featured in the 2016 film The Light Between Oceans.

Maritime New Zealand
Maritime New Zealand (New Zealand Maritime Safety Authority) is a Crown entity and also a state maritime safety authority responsible for protecting the maritime transport sequence and marine environment within New Zealand and maintaining safety and security.

They define their vision as: "a maritime environment with minimum deaths, accidents, incidents and pollution as part of an integrated and sustainable transport system".

Maritime New Zealand also provides guidance and advice about Seafarer Certifications.
Archdiocesan Shrine of Saint Joseph
The Archdiocesan Shrine of Saint Joseph, formerly known as San Jose de Trozo Parish Church, is a Roman Catholic church in Tondo, Manila in the Philippines. Founded in 1933, the church is under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Manila. The parish church was elevated to an Archdiocesan Shrine on November 30, 2022.  The current Rector & Parish Priest is Peterson O. Tieng.

Tondo, Manila
Tondo is a district located in Manila, Philippines. It is the largest, in terms of area and population, of Manila's sixteen districts, with a census-estimated 637,942 people in 2024. It consists of two congressional districts. It is also the second most densely populated district in the city.
Acanalonia immaculata
Acanalonia immaculata is a species of planthopper in the family Acanaloniidae. It can be found in southern New Mexico and Mexico. It is predated by dryinid wasps such as Apterodryinus torvus. A. immaculata can grow to 6.3 to 7.2 mm long.

Planthopper
A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of grasshoppers. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. Fulgoromorphs are most reliably distinguished from the other Auchenorrhyncha by two features: the bifurcate (Y-shaped) anal vein in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented antennae, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous arista.
Nabagram railway station
Nabagram railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway station on the Howrah–Bardhaman chord line operated by Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is situated beside Nabagram-Moyna-Verili Road at Dattapur in Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Eastern Railway zone
22°34′21.8″N 88°21′50.2″E﻿ / ﻿22.572722°N 88.363944°E﻿ / 22.572722; 88.363944

The Eastern Railway (abbreviated ER) is among the 19 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place (Kolkata) and comprises four divisions: Howrah, Malda, Sealdah, and Asansol. Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). The name of the division denotes the name of the city where the divisional headquarters is located. Eastern Railway oversees the largest and second largest rail complexes in the country, Howrah Junction and Sealdah railway station, and also contains the highest number of A1 and A Category Stations like Howrah, Malda Town,
Sealdah, Asansol, Kolkata, Durgapur, Barddhaman, Jasidih, Madhupur, Rampurhat Junction, Bhagalpur, Jamalpur, Bandel and Naihati. Eastern Railways operates India's oldest train, Kalka Mail.
NGC 1873
NGC 1873 (also known as ESO 85-SC54) is an open cluster associated with an emission nebula located in the Dorado constellation within the Large Magellanic Cloud. It was discovered by James Dunlop on September 24, 1826 and rediscovered by John Herschel on January 2, 1837. Its apparent magnitude is 10.4, and its size is 3.50 arc minutes.

NGC 1873 is part of a triple association with NGC 1869 and NGC 1871.

James Dunlop
James Dunlop FRSE (31 October 1793 – 22 September 1848) was a Scottish astronomer, noted for his work in Australia. He was employed by Sir Thomas Brisbane to work as astronomer's assistant at his private observatory, once located at Paramatta (now named Parramatta), New South Wales, about 23 kilometres (14 mi) west of Sydney during the 1820s and 1830s. Dunlop was mostly a visual observer, doing stellar astrometry work for Brisbane, and after its completion, then independently discovered and catalogued many new telescopic southern double stars and deep-sky objects.  He later became the Superintendent of Paramatta Observatory when it was finally sold to the New South Wales Government.