hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Were
Edward Ash Were  (14 November 1846–8 April 1915)  was an Anglican suffragan bishop in the latter part of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th.

He was educated at Rugby School and New College, Oxford. After graduation, he was an Assistant Master at Winchester College for ten years before becoming Vicar of North Bradley in Wiltshire. After a spell as Chaplain to George Ridding, Bishop of Southwell he became the first, and long serving, Bishop of Derby (then a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Southwell). In 1909 in a sideways move he was translated to the Diocese of Lichfield to be their suffragan Bishop of Stafford. His son, who perished in the First World War, was also a distinguished clergyman.

Translation (ecclesiastical)
Translation is the transfer of a bishop from one episcopal see to another. The word is from the Latin translatio, meaning "carry across" (another religious meaning of the term is the translation of relics).

This can be:

From one diocesan bishopric to another bishopric which is perceived as more important (or the bishop prefers as their see)

From suffragan bishop status to diocesan bishop

From coadjutor bishop to diocesan bishop

From one country's episcopate to another

From diocesan bishop to archbishop
Shirley Horn
Shirley Valerie Horn (May 1, 1934 – October 20, 2005) was an American jazz singer and pianist. She collaborated with many jazz musicians including Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie, Toots Thielemans, Ron Carter, Carmen McRae, Wynton Marsalis and others. She was most noted for her ability to accompany herself with nearly incomparable independence and ability on the piano while singing, something described by arranger Johnny Mandel as "like having two heads", and for her rich, lush voice, a smoky contralto, which was described by noted producer and arranger Quincy Jones as "like clothing, as she seduces you with her voice".

Contralto
A contralto (Italian pronunciation: [konˈtralto]) is a classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest of their voice types.

The contralto voice type is fairly rare. A contralto's range is similar to that of a mezzo-soprano, and almost identical to that of a countertenor – typically from the F below middle C (F3 in scientific pitch notation) to the second F above middle C (F5), although, at the extremes, some voices can reach the D below middle C (D3) or the second B♭ above middle C (B♭5). The contralto voice type includes coloratura, lyric, and dramatic contraltos.
Ashtray
An ashtray is a receptacle for ash from cigarettes, cigars, and other smokable products.  Ashtrays typically are made of fire-retardant material such as glass, heat-resistant plastic, pottery, metal, or stone. It differs from a cigarette receptacle, which is specifically for discarding cigarettes after being smoked.

Fire retardant
A fire retardant is a substance that is used to slow down or stop the spread of fire or reduce its intensity.  This is commonly accomplished by chemical reactions that reduce the flammability of fuels or delay their combustion. Fire retardants may also cool the fuel through physical action or endothermic chemical reactions. Fire retardants are available as powder, to be mixed with water, as fire-fighting foams and fire-retardant gels.

Fire retardants are commonly used in fire fighting, where they may be applied aerially or from the ground.
Franco-Austrian alliance
The Franco-Austrian alliance was a diplomatic and military alliance between France and Austria that was first established in 1756 after the First Treaty of Versailles. It lasted for much of the remainder of the century until it was abandoned during the French Revolution.

The alliance had its heyday during the Seven Years' War, when France and Austria joined forces to fight their mutual enemy, Prussia. After the allies' defeat, the intimacy of the alliance weakened, and by the 1780s, the alliance had become something closer to a formality. Austria even briefly considered the idea of entering the American War of Independence on Britain's side against France. During the French Revolution, when France first declared itself a constitutional monarchy and then overthrew and executed its king, the alliance had collapsed entirely. Austria actively tried to restore the French monarchy by going to war with the French First Republic.

France in the early modern period
During the early modern period, from the Renaissance (c. 1500–1550) to the Revolution (1789–1804), the Kingdom of France was a monarchy ruled by the House of Bourbon (a Capetian cadet branch). This corresponds to the so-called Ancien Régime ("old rule"). The territory of France during this period increased until it included essentially the extent of the modern country, and it also included the territories of the first French colonial empire overseas.

The period is dominated by the figure of the "Sun King", Louis XIV (his reign of 1643–1715 being one of the longest in history), who managed to eliminate the remnants of medieval feudalism and established a centralized state under an absolute monarch, a system that would endure until the French Revolution and beyond.
Kuwait English School
Kuwait English School (abbreviation: KES) is an independent and private international school in Kuwait. The main campus of the school is located in Salwa. It provides a British curriculum education from kindergarten to A-Level. It is estimated that the school employs between 100 and 400 faculty.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
RFA Reliant
Three ships of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary have borne the name RFA Reliant:

RFA Reliant (1933) was a stores carrier, formerly the civilian London Importer. She was acquired in 1933 and sold in 1948.

RFA Reliant (A84) was an air stores support ship, formerly the civilian Somersby. She was acquired in 1957 and scrapped in 1977.

RFA Reliant (A131) was a helicopter support ship, formerly the civilian Astronomer. She was acquired in 1983 and sold in 1986.

RFA Reliant (A84)
RFA Reliant (A84) was an air stores support ship of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA), the naval auxiliary fleet of the United Kingdom. She was formerly the commercial general cargo vessel Somersby which was purchased in 1956 and renamed on completion of her conversion in 1958. She was fitted for replenishing aircraft carriers at sea with a wide range of air, naval and victualling stores.
As refitted she had a helicopter landing pad built over the poop deckhouse.
Peter the Great Gulf
The Peter the Great Gulf (Russian: Залив Петра Великого) is a gulf on the southern coast of Primorsky Krai, Russia, and the largest gulf of the Sea of Japan. The gulf extends for 185 km (115 mi) from the Russian–North Korean border, at the mouth of the Tumen River in the west, across to Cape Povorotny in the east, and its bays reach 90 km (56 mi) inland. Vladivostok (the largest city and capital of Primorsky Krai) and Nakhodka (the third-largest city in the krai) are located along the Gulf coast.

North Korea–Russia border
The North Korea–Russia border, according to the official Russian definition, consists of 17 kilometres (11 mi) of "terrestrial border" and 22.1 km (12 nautical miles) of "maritime border". It is the shortest of the international borders of Russia.
Robert Hervey
Robert Hervey (August 10, 1820 – December 16, 1903) was the third mayor of Bytown in 1849. He was a Canadian and later American lawyer.

He was born in Glasgow in 1820. He came to Canada where he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1842. He partnered in a law practice in Bytown with John Bower Lewis. Hervey was mayor at the time of the Stony Monday Riot where supporters of Hervey, a Tory, clashed with Reformists in what is now the Byward Market area. In 1852, he moved to Chicago, where he continued to practice law. He was one of the founding members of the Chicago Bar Association.

Reform movement (Upper Canada)
The Reform movement in Upper Canada was a political movement in British North America in the mid-19th century.

It started as a rudimentary grouping of loose coalitions that formed around contentious issues. Support was gained in Parliament through petitions meant to sway MPs. However, organized Reform activity emerged in the 1830s when Reformers, like Robert Randal, Jesse Ketchum, Peter Perry, Marshall Spring Bidwell, and William Warren Baldwin, began to emulate the organizational forms of the British Reform Movement and organized Political Unions under the leadership of William Lyon Mackenzie. The British Political Unions had successfully petitioned for the Great Reform Act 1832 that eliminated much political corruption in the British parliamentary system. Those who adopted these new forms of public mobilization for democratic reform in Upper Canada were inspired by the more radical Owenite Socialists who led the British Chartist and Mechanics Institute movements.
Sureserve
Sureserve Group (formerly Sureserve Group plc and Lakehouse plc) is the UK’s leading provider of energy and compliance services to the social housing sector, providing services to homes and businesses across the UK. It was founded in 1988 and as of May 2023, it employed around 2,756 staff in 33 UK offices.

The group offer services in regeneration, compliance, energy services, and construction to the housing, education, public and commercial buildings sectors, with a focus on the UK public sector and regulated markets.

Renovation
Renovation (also called remodeling) is the process of improving broken, damaged, or outdated structures. Renovations are typically done on either commercial or residential buildings. Additionally, renovation can refer to making something new, or bringing something back to life and can apply in social contexts. For example, a community can be renovated if it is strengthened and revived. It can also be restoring something to a former better state (as by cleaning, repairing, or rebuilding). Renovation is a widespread practice in many regions, often driven by safety upgrades, energy efficiency improvements, and aesthetic preferences. For example, there are more than twenty thousand home improvement projects every year in Hong Kong, affecting more than a million residents (population of HK is around 7.5 million in 2023).
Leslie Arden
Leslie Arden is a Canadian musical theatre composer, lyricist and librettist.  She is best known for her work The House of Martin Guerre (co-book by Anna Theresa Cascio) produced by Theatre Plus (1993), the Goodman Theatre (1996) in Chicago and the Canadian Stage Company (1997).

Lyricist
A lyricist is a writer who writes lyrics (the spoken words), as opposed to a composer, who writes the song's music which may include (but is not limited to) the melody, harmony, arrangement and accompaniment.
Edinburg Roadrunners
The Edinburg Roadrunners were a professional baseball team based in Edinburg, Texas, in the United States. The Roadrunners were a member of the United League Baseball, an independent professional league which is not affiliated with Major League Baseball or Minor League Baseball.  They played in United League Baseball from 2006 to 2010 and the North American League from 2011 to 2012. They played their home games at Edinburg Stadium. The city refused to extend a lease for the 2014 season and with nowhere to play the team shut down.

Robinson Cancel
Robinson Cancel Castro (born May 4, 1976) is a Puerto Rican former professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1999 to 2011 for the Milwaukee Brewers, New York Mets, and Houston Astros.
Sheldon Dries
Sheldon Stephen Dries (/draɪz/ DR-EYE-Z; born April 23, 1994) is an American professional ice hockey forward for the Grand Rapids Griffins of the American Hockey League (AHL) while under contract to the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Grand Rapids Griffins
The Grand Rapids Griffins are a professional ice hockey team based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. They compete in the American Hockey League (AHL), playing their home games at Van Andel Arena. They are the AHL affiliate to the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League, and are the 2013 and 2017 Calder Cup champions.

The franchise began in the now-defunct International Hockey League in 1996 and merged into the AHL in 2001. Three players have since had their numbers retired.
Henry Williams (died 1636)
Sir Henry Williams (c. 1579–1636) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1601 and 1624.

Williams was the eldest son of David Williams, the judge, of Gwernyfed and his first wife. He was probably educated at Shrewsbury School in 1589 and was admitted at St John's College, Oxford on 16 April 1594, aged 15. He entered Middle Temple in 1594.

In 1601, he was elected Member of Parliament for Brecon. He was knighted on 23 July 1603.
In 1604 he was re-elected MP for Brecon. He succeeded to the Welsh estates of his father at Gwernyfed, Aberllyfni in 1613 and was appointed High Sheriff of Breconshire for 1614–15. In 1621 he was elected MP for Breconshire He was re-elected MP for Breconshire in 1624 and served a second term as Sheriff for 1627.

Williams married Elinor Whitney, daughter of Eustace Whitney of Whitney, Herefordshire. They had seven sons including Sir Henry Williams, 1st Baronet, who became a baronet,  and  four daughters.

Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School is a private school in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England.

It was founded in 1552 by Edward VI by royal charter, to replace the town's Anglo-Saxon collegiate foundations which were disestablished in the sixteenth century. It is one of the seven public schools in the UK subject to the Public Schools Act 1868 and one of the nine schools reviewed by the Clarendon Commission between 1861 and 1864. The school is notable for being the education site of renowned scientist Charles Darwin.

It was originally founded as a boarding school for boys. In 2008, however, girls were accepted in the sixth form. Since 2015 Shrewsbury School has been a co-educational school. As at Michaelmas Term 2023, Shrewsbury School had 842 pupils: 522 boys and 320 girls. The school has seven boys', and five girls' houses. Alumni of the school are known as Old Salopians.

The present school site, to which the school moved in 1882, is on the south bank of the River Severn.
Khalil Kazi
Khalil Kazi OBE is a British-Bangladeshi social activist. He was awarded the Independence Award, the highest civilian award in Bangladesh, for his social work in 2017.

Kazi was born on the 27 September 1942 in Manikganj District, East Bengal, British India. He graduated from Manikganj Government High School and Government Debendra College. He did his master's degree at Cardiff University and another master's at University of Westminster.

Kazi fought in Sector 2 and Sector 3 during the Bangladesh Liberation War. He moved to the United Kingdom in 1974. He established Dhaka Theaters and Dhaka Association in London.

In February 1984, Kazi build a Shaheed Minar, a monument to the Bengali Language movement, in the Bangladesh Center. In 2000, he received the Order of the British Empire.

Government Debendra College
Government Debendra College is a public college in Manikganj, Manikganj District, Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. It offers bachelor's degrees and master's degrees. It also has a Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) program. It is affiliated with Bangladesh National University. As of 2015, the principal is Syed Ikbal Moiz and the vice principal is Sirajul Islam.
Jay Simpson
Jay-Alistaire Frederick Simpson (born 1 December 1988) is an English former professional footballer who played as a forward.

A product of the Arsenal Academy, he never played a league game for Arsenal, spending most of his time on loan, at Millwall, West Bromwich Albion and Queens Park Rangers. In 2010, he joined Hull City, and was released three years later. Simpson spent time in Thailand with Buriram United, winning the 2014 Kor Royal Cup before returning to England with Leyton Orient. He later played two years with Philadelphia Union of Major League Soccer, before returning to England and rejoining Orient.

Welling United F.C.
Welling United Football Club is a semi-professional association football club, based in Welling in the London Borough of Bexley, England. The most prominent aspect of the club is its men's first team, who play in the Isthmian League Premier Division, the seventh level of the English football league system.
Rob Keys
Rob Keys (born c. 1973) is an American college football coach. He is the special teams coordinator for Ohio State University, a position he has held since 2024. He was the head football coach for the University of Findlay from 2011 to 2021. He also coached for West Virginia, Glenville State, Indiana State, Slippery Rock, and New Hampshire. He played college football for West Virginia.

Indiana State Sycamores football
The Indiana State Sycamores football team is the NCAA Division I football program of Indiana State University in Terre Haute, Indiana. They compete in the Missouri Valley Football Conference. The team last played in the NCAA Playoffs in the 2014 NCAA Division I Football Championship. Their first season was 1896. The Sycamores' greatest season was 1983, when coach Dennis Raetz led them to the 2nd round of the 1983 NCAA Division I Football Championship and ended the season with a record of 9–4. The Sycamores also appeared in the 1984 and 2014 NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs. The Indiana State Sycamores play their home games at Memorial Stadium, which seats 12,764.
Kawanishi E15K Shiun
The Kawanishi E15K Shiun (紫雲, Violet Cloud) was a single-engined, Japanese reconnaissance floatplane of World War II. The Allied reporting name for the type was "Norm" (after Squadron Leader Norman O. Clappison of the RAAF, member of the ATAIU).

World War II Allied names for Japanese aircraft
The World War II Allied names for Japanese aircraft were reporting names, often described as codenames, given by Allied personnel to Imperial Japanese aircraft during the Pacific campaign of World War II. The names were used by Allied personnel to identify aircraft operated by the Japanese for reporting and descriptive purposes. Generally, Western men's names were given to fighter aircraft and single engine reconnaissance aircraft, women's names to bombers, twin engine reconnaissance aircraft and if the name started with "T", transports, bird names to gliders, and tree names to trainer aircraft.

The use of the names, from their origin in mid-1942, became widespread among Allied forces from early 1943 until the end of the war in 1945. Many subsequent Western histories of the war have continued to use the names.
Min Ayahana
Min Ayahana (彩花 みん, Ayahana Min; born February 3, 1969) is a Japanese manga artist, born in Nanao in Ishikawa, Japan. She debuted with the manga Warera High School Hero, published in the 1991 Autumn issue of Ribon Bikkuri Daizoukan. Her best-known work is Akazukin Chacha (Red Riding Hood Chacha).

Ribon
Ribon (りぼん; lit. "Ribbon") is a monthly Japanese shōjo manga magazine published by Shueisha on the third of each month. First issued in August 1955, its rivals are Nakayoshi and Ciao. It is one of the best-selling shōjo manga magazines, having sold over 590 million copies since 1978. Its circulation was in the millions between 1987 and 2001, peaking at 2.3 million in 1994. In 2009, the magazine's circulation was 274,167. In 2010, the circulation dropped to 243,334.

Ribon has also inspired multiple spin-off magazines, including Bessatsu Ribon (1966–1968); Ribon Comics, renamed Junior Comics (1967–1968); Ribon Comic (1968–1971); Ribon Deluxe (1975–1978); and Ribon Original (1981–2006).
Bicipital tenosynovitis
Bicipital tenosynovitis  is tendinitis or inflammation of the tendon and sheath lining of the biceps muscle.  It is often the result of many years of small tears or other degenerative changes in the tendon first manifesting in middle age, but can be due to a sudden injury.  Calcification of the tendon, and osteophytes ("bone spurs") in the intertubercular groove  can be apparent on x-rays. The condition (which can also occur in dogs)  is commonly treated with physical therapy and cortisone.

Biceps
The biceps or biceps brachii (Latin: musculus biceps brachii, "two-headed muscle of the arm") is a large muscle that lies on the front of the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow. Both heads of the muscle arise on the scapula and join to form a single muscle belly which is attached to the upper forearm. While the long head of the biceps crosses both the shoulder and elbow joints, its main function is at the elbow where it flexes and supinates the forearm.
German submarine U-3517
German submarine U-3517 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 12 September 1944 at F Schichau GmbH, Danzig, as yard number 1662. She was launched on 11 November 1944, and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Helmut Münster on 22 December 1944.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Prabha Chatterji
Prabha R. Chatterji is an Indian scientist at John F. Welch Technology Centre (formerly General Electric Global Research and Technology Development center), Bangalore, India.

She was formerly a senior scientist at the Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad and a past member of the executive committee of the Society for Biomaterials and Artificial Organs, India. She works primarily related to scientific and technical education in India.

Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
The CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology is a national-level research center located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). IICT conducts research in basic and applied chemistry, biochemistry, bioinformatics, chemical engineering and provides science and technology inputs to the industrial and economic development of the country. IICT has filed one of the maximum CSIR patents.
Jeffrey Bullock
Jeffrey Francis Bullock (born August 12, 1959) is an American academic administrator and the 11th president of the University of Dubuque, a Presbyterian college in Dubuque, Iowa. He is also an adjunct professor at Seattle Pacific University.

Adjunct professor
An adjunct professor is a type of academic appointment in higher education who does not work at the establishment full-time. The terms of this appointment and the job security of the tenure vary in different parts of the world, but the term is generally agreed to mean a bona-fide part-time faculty member in an adjunct position at an institution of higher education.