hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grabina, Łódź East County
Grabina [ɡraˈbina] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowosolna, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Łódź East County
Łódź East County (Polish: powiat łódzki wschodni) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Łódź, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county consists of areas to the east and south of the city, and contains three towns: Koluszki, which lies 24 km (15 mi) east of Łódź, Tuszyn, 20 km (12 mi) south of Łódź, and Rzgów, 14 km (9 mi) south of Łódź.

The county covers an area of 499.32 square kilometres (192.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,574, out of which the population of Koluszki is 13,407, that of Tuszyn is 7,178, that of Rzgów is 3,338, and the rural population is 40,651.

Until 2002 the county also included the areas which now form Brzeziny County.
The Kingston Trio (album)
The Kingston Trio is the Kingston Trio's debut album, released in 1958 (see 1958 in music). It entered the album charts in late October 1958, where it resided for nearly four years, spending one week at #1 in early 1959. It was awarded an RIAA gold album on January 19, 1961.

Nick Reynolds
Nicholas Wells Reynolds (July 27, 1933 – October 1, 2008) was an American folk musician and recording artist. Reynolds was one of the founding members of the Kingston Trio, whose folk and folk-style material captured international attention during the late Fifties and early Sixties.
Sunbridge, Florida
Sunbridge is a master-planned community located in Central Florida, developed by Tavistock Development Company. The community, opened in 2020, encompasses more than 27,000 acres across both Orange County, Florida and Osceola County, Florida. Inspired by Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida, Sunbridge mixes residential, recreational, businesses and civic elements to foster connections to nature.

Sunbridge is located in Central Florida between metro Orlando and the Space Coast. It is approximately 20 minutes south of Orlando International Airport and 6 miles (10 km) from Tavistock's Lake Nona community. It is bordered by the Alligator Chain of Lakes to the east and Lake Tohopekaliga to the west. The community is located near major highways, including Florida's Turnpike and Florida State Road 417.

Florida State Road 417
State Road 417 (SR 417), also known as the Central Florida GreeneWay, Seminole County Expressway (depending on the location), Eastern Beltway and Orlando East Bypass, is a controlled-access toll road forming the eastern beltway around the city of Orlando, Florida, United States.  It is owned and maintained by the Central Florida Expressway Authority (CFX) and Florida's Turnpike Enterprise. The CFX section was posthumously named after former Orlando Orange County Expressway Authority chairman Jim Greene.

SR 417 was originally planned to be a full beltway around Orlando.  Eventually, the beltway was divided, with the west side being designated SR 429, and the east side retaining the SR 417 designation. Until 2024, the two expressways were non-continuous. SR 429 is now extended via Wekiva Parkway to meet SR 417 in the Sanford/Heathrow area.
Thomas Wentworth Russell
Sir Thomas Wentworth Russell (22 November 1879 – 10 April 1954), better known as Russell Pasha, was a British police officer in the Egyptian service. He was the fourth child and third son of the Rev. Henry Charles Russell, the grandson of the sixth Duke of Bedford, and his wife, Leila Louisa Millicent Willoughby, the daughter of the eighth Baron Middleton.

As the director of the Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau (CNIB), Russell Pasha became an anti-drug campaigner when he realised that opium, heroin, cocaine and hashish were being smuggled into Egypt in great and increasing quantities.

Al Jazeera writes:

"Thomas Russell Pasha, who reached the highest administrative and functional ranks during his long service in the Egyptian Ministry for a period of 44 years, was a shrewd British man in Egypt, and one of the most important figures who laid the foundations for the emergence and development of the security apparatus in Egypt before the 1952 revolution."

Fellah
A fellah (Arabic: فَلَّاح fallāḥ; feminine فَلَّاحَة fallāḥa; plural fellaheen or fellahin, فلاحين, fallāḥīn) is a local farmer, usually a farmer or agricultural laborer in the Middle East and North Africa. The word derives from the Arabic word for "ploughman" or "tiller".

Due to a continuity in beliefs and lifestyle with that of the Ancient Egyptians, the fellahin of Egypt have been described as the "true" Egyptians.
Plasma-activated bonding
Plasma-activated bonding is a derivative, directed to lower processing temperatures for direct bonding with hydrophilic surfaces. The main requirements for lowering temperatures of direct bonding are the use of materials melting at low temperatures and with different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE).

Surface activation prior to bonding has the typical advantage that no intermediate layer is needed and sufficiently high bonding energy is achieved after annealing at temperatures below 400 °C.

Dielectric barrier discharge
Dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) is the electrical discharge between two electrodes separated by an insulating dielectric barrier. Originally called silent (inaudible) discharge and also known as ozone production discharge or partial discharge, it was first reported by Ernst Werner von Siemens in 1857.
Cullin-la-ringo massacre
The Cullin-la-ringo massacre, also known as the Wills tragedy, was a massacre of European settlers by Indigenous Australians that occurred on 17 October 1861, north of modern-day Springsure in Central Queensland, Australia. Nineteen men, women and children were killed in the attack, including Horatio Wills, the owner of Cullin-la-ringo station. It is the single largest massacre of European settlers by Aboriginal people in Australian history.

In the weeks afterwards, police, native police and civilian posses carried out "one of the most lethal punitive expeditions in frontier history", hunting down and killing up to 370 members of the Gayiri Aboriginal people implicated in the massacre. The most recent study by the University of Newcastle Colonial Frontier Massacres experts puts the figure at 90 dead.

Central Queensland
Central Queensland is an imprecisely defined geographical division of Queensland (a state in Australia) that centres on the eastern coast, around the Tropic of Capricorn. Its major regional centre is Rockhampton. The region extends from the Capricorn Coast west to the Central Highlands at Emerald, north to the Mackay Regional Council southern boundary, and south to Gladstone. The region is also known as Capricornia. It is one of Australia's main coal exporting regions.

At the 2011 Australian Census the region recorded a total population from the six local government areas of 233,931.
Jack Reynolds (footballer, born 1881)
Jack Reynolds (John Reynold) (23 September 1881 – 8 November 1962) was an English football manager and player. He was the manager of Ajax from 1915 to 1925, 1928 to 1940, and 1945 to 1947. He was one of the pioneers of the Total Football system of playing, and is considered among the best managers the team has had, also influencing Rinus Michels, who made his debut as a player for Ajax under Reynolds. He also managed the Swiss side St Gallen.

FC St. Gallen
Fussballclub St. Gallen 1879, commonly known as St. Gallen, is a Swiss professional football club based in the city of St. Gallen, Canton of St. Gallen. It is the second oldest football club in continental Europe, after Kjøbenhavns Boldklub. The team competes in the Swiss Super League, the top tier of Swiss football.
Dino 7 Cordas
Horondino José da Silva (5 May 1918, Rio de Janeiro – 26 May 2006, Rio de Janeiro), best known as Dino Sete Cordas ("Seven-String Dino"), was a Brazilian guitar player, playing primarily in the choro and samba styles. He is considered to be one of the leading performers of the Brazilian seven-string guitar. Appearing on recordings over the course of six decades, he worked with artists such as Pixinguinha, Carmen Miranda, Elis Regina, Cartola, Gilberto Gil, and more. His only recording as a lead collaborator was with the fellow 7-string guitar player Raphael Rabello.

Cartola
Angenor de Oliveira, known as Cartola (Portuguese for top hat), (Portuguese pronunciation: [kaʁˈtɔlɐ]; October 11, 1908 – November 30, 1980) was a Brazilian singer, composer and poet considered to be a major figure in the development of samba. Cartola got his name from the hat which he used to protect his hair while laying cement in his younger years as a brick layer. He helped to start the Estação primeira da Mangueira samba school in 1928. His work was popular throughout the 30s, he disappeared from the samba scene in the 40s until 1956. In 1964, together with his wife Zica, he opened a restaurant called Zicartola which featured live samba. In 1974 he began to record solo albums and in 1978 held his first solo live performance at age 70.

Cartola composed, alone or with partners, more than 500 songs.
Mogwase Stadium
Mogwase Stadium is a football stadium in Mogwase, near Rustenburg in the North West Province, South Africa.

It was used by the United States national football team and the South African team as a training base during the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup.

Rustenburg
Rustenburg (/ˈrʌstənbɜːrɡ/; Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈrœstənbœrχ], Afrikaans and Dutch: City of Rest) is a city at the foot of the Magaliesberg mountain range. Rustenburg is the most populous city in North West province, South Africa (549,575 in 2011 and 626,522 in the 2016 census). In 2017, the city's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reached ZAR 63.8 billion, accounting for 21.1% of the GDP of the North West Province, and 1.28% of the GDP of South Africa.  Rustenburg was one of the official host cities of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, being in close proximity to Phokeng, the capital of the Royal Bafokeng Nation, where the Royal Bafokeng Stadium is located. The England national football team also used this as their base camp for the tournament.
Níð
In historical Germanic society, níð (Old Norse, pronunciation: /niːð/, in runic: ᚾᛁᚦ, Old English: nīþ, nīð; Old Dutch: nīth) was a term for a social stigma implying the loss of honour and the status of a villain. A person affected with the stigma is considered a nithing (Old Norse: níðingr, in runic: ᚾᛁᚦᛁᚴᛦ, Old English: nīðing, nīðgæst, Old High German: nidding).

Middle English retained a cognate nithe, meaning 'envy' (compare modern Dutch nijd and modern German Neid), 'hate', or 'malice'.

A related term is ergi, carrying the connotation of 'unmanliness'.

Villain
A villain (masculine), or villainess (feminine), also bad guy, baddy or baddie (sometimes known as a "black hat"), is a stock character, whether based on a historical narrative or one of literary fiction. Random House Unabridged Dictionary defines such a character as "a cruelly malicious person who is involved in or devoted to wickedness or crime; scoundrel; or a character in a play, novel, or the like, who constitutes an important evil agency in the plot". The antonym of a villain is a hero.

The villain's structural purpose is to serve as the opposite to the hero character, and their motives or evil actions drive a plot along. In contrast to the hero, who is defined by feats of ingenuity and bravery and the pursuit of justice and the greater good, a villain is often defined by their acts of selfishness, evilness, arrogance, cruelty, and cunning, displaying immoral behavior that can oppose or pervert justice.
NASCAR Cup Series at Michigan International Speedway
Stock car races events in the NASCAR Cup Series have been held annually at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan since 1969.

A second race at the track was also held until 2020; prior to 2021, the only other season where only one race was held at the track was in 1973.

Brooklyn, Michigan
Brooklyn is a village in Jackson County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 1,313 at the 2020 census. It is located in the Irish Hills region of southern Michigan, just north of U.S. Route 12 along M-50.  The village is located within Columbia Township. Michigan International Speedway is just to its south in Cambridge Township.
Rose Chronicles
Rose Chronicles was a Canadian alternative rock band in the 1990s. The band, from Vancouver, consisted of vocalist Kristy Thirsk, guitarist Richard Maranda, bassist Judd Cochrane, and drummer Steve van der Woerd.

Their musical style merged elements of the shoegazing scene — they cited Curve as one of their key influences — with ethereal dream pop vocals in the style of Sarah McLachlan and the Cocteau Twins.

Dream pop
Dream pop is a subgenre of alternative rock and neo-psychedelia that emphasizes atmosphere and sonic texture as strongly as it does pop melody. Common characteristics include breathy vocals, dense productions, and effects such as reverb, echo, tremolo, and chorus. It often overlaps with the related genre of shoegaze, and the two genre terms have at times been used interchangeably.

Dream pop came into prominence in the 1980s through groups associated with the UK label 4AD, most prominently Cocteau Twins and This Mortal Coil, and later A.R. Kane, who are credited with coining the term. During the late 1980s to early 1990s, the genre saw further proliferation through UK-based artists such as My Bloody Valentine, Slowdive, and Lush alongside US-based acts Galaxie 500, Julee Cruise, and Mazzy Star. By the late 2000s, the sound saw renewed popularity among millennial listeners through bands such as Beach House.
Virtual Reality World Tour
The Virtual Reality World Tour was the seventh headlining tour by American country music singer Brad Paisley and was in support of his eighth studio album, This Is Country Music (2011). The tour began on January 12, 2012, in Grand Rapids, Michigan and ended on November 13, 2012, in Dublin, Ireland. It ranked sixteen for Billboard's Top 25 Tours of 2012.

Water (Brad Paisley song)
"Water" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Brad Paisley.  It was released in March 2010 as the fourth single from his album American Saturday Night.  The song first charted in 2009 as an album cut before its release to radio.  Paisley wrote this song with Kelley Lovelace and Chris DuBois.
Jerusalem stone
Jerusalem stone (Hebrew: אבן ירושלמית, romanized: ʾeḇen yərūšalmīṯ; Arabic: حجر القدس, romanized: ḥajar al-Quds) is a name applied to various types of pale limestone, dolomite and 
dolomitic limestone, common in and around Jerusalem that have been used in building since ancient times. One of these limestones, meleke, has been used in many of the region's most celebrated structures, including the Western Wall.

Jerusalem stone continues to be used in construction and  incorporated in Jewish ceremonial art such as menorahs and seder plates.

Jewish ceremonial art
Jewish ceremonial art, also referred to as Jewish ritual art, Jewish sacred art, and Jewish liturgical art, refers to objects used by Jews for ritual purposes. Because enhancing a mitzvah by performing it with an especially beautiful object is considered a mitzvah – a praiseworthy way of honoring God's commandments – this concept is known as hiddur mitzvah. Judaism has a long tradition of commissioning ritual objects from craftsmen and artists, just as Jewish culture has a long tradition of producing ritual objects, both for Jewish ceremonial use and sale to all.

Jewish ceremonial art forms a large part of Judaica (/dʒuːˈdeɪ.ɪkə/), a general academic and art trade term for Jewish-related objects, of which other types are manuscripts, books and other printed materials, artworks in various media, and clothing.
Christchurch tramway routes
Christchurch tramway routes have developed from lines that were first established by a troika of private tramway companies in the latter part of the 19th century, through to a significantly expanded system under the municipal Christchurch Tramway Board, to the City Council-built heritage circuit.  These routes have been worked by all three main forms of tramway motive power (horse, steam, electric) and have significantly contributed to the development of Christchurch City in New Zealand's South Island.

Currently, tramway routes in Christchurch are limited to the central city heritage circuit and the heritage line at the Ferrymead Heritage Park.  A two-stage extension of the heritage circuit has been planned, with the first stage currently under construction.

Ferrymead Heritage Park
Ferrymead Heritage Park is an outdoor museum in Christchurch, New Zealand.

First known as the Museum of Science and Technology and later Ferrymead Historic Park, it was founded in 1964 by a collection of local heritage enthusiast groups who had a common need for space to store and display their assets. It is in the Heathcote Valley, at the site of New Zealand's first public railway. The museum is open to the public and operated mostly by volunteers.
Virage Logic
Virage Logic corporation was an American provider of both functional and physical semiconductor intellectual property (IP) for the design of complex integrated circuits. It was founded in 1996. The company's differentiated product portfolio included processor centric solutions, interface IP solutions, embedded SRAMs and NVMs, embedded memory test and repair, logic libraries, and memory development software.

Semiconductor intellectual property core
In electronic design, a semiconductor intellectual property core (SIP core), IP core or IP block is a reusable unit of logic, cell, or integrated circuit layout design that is the intellectual property of one party.  IP cores can be licensed to another party or owned and used by a single party. The term comes from the licensing of the patent or source code copyright that exists in the design. Designers of system on chip (SoC), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) and systems of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) logic can use IP cores as building blocks. This allows for faster design cycles and reduced development costs by leveraging pre-verified and tested components.
The Gherkin
30 St Mary Axe, previously known as the Swiss Re Building, is a commercial skyscraper in London's primary financial district, the City of London. It is nicknamed The Gherkin after the vegetable of the same name. It was completed in December 2003 and opened in April 2004. With 41 floors, it is 180 metres (591 ft) tall and stands on the sites of the former Baltic Exchange and Chamber of Shipping, which were extensively damaged in 1992 in the Baltic Exchange bombing by a device placed by the Provisional IRA in St Mary Axe, a narrow street leading north from Leadenhall Street.

After plans to build the 92-storey Millennium Tower were dropped, 30 St Mary Axe was designed by Foster + Partners and the Arup Group. It was built by Skanska; construction started in 2001.

The building has become a recognisable landmark of London, and it is one of the city's most widely recognised examples of contemporary architecture. It won the 2003 Emporis Skyscraper Award.

Emporis Skyscraper Award
The Emporis Skyscraper Award was an award for architectural excellence regarding the design of buildings and their functionality.

The award was presented annually by Emporis, a real estate data mining company with headquarters in Hamburg, Germany. The award is given to the building representing the "Best new skyscraper for design and functionality". To qualify, nominated buildings must have been completed during the year of the award, and must be at least 100 meters in height. Nominees and winners were chosen by Emporis editors, and the award would have been announced the following January and is usually presented at the following spring or summer. Prior to 2000, the award was known as the Skyscrapers.com Award.
2021 Copa Colsanitas
The 2021 Copa Colsanitas was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 23rd edition of the Copa Colsanitas and part of the 250 category of the 2021 WTA Tour. It took place at the Country Club in Bogotá, Colombia, from 5 April until 11 April 2021. Unseeded Camila Osorio, who entered the main draw on a wildcard, won the singles title.

WTA 250 tournaments
WTA 250 is a category of tennis tournaments in the Women's Tennis Association tour, implemented since the reorganization of the schedule in 2021. Earlier these events were classified as WTA International Tournaments.

The ranking points awarded to the winners of these tournaments are 250. This compares to 2,000 points for winning a Grand Slam tournament ("Major"), up to 1,500 points for winning the WTA Finals, 1000 points for winning a WTA 1000 tournament, and 500 for winning a WTA 500 tournament.

At their introduction in 2021, WTA 250 tournaments' prize money was approximately $250,000. As of 2025 season, this has risen to $275,094. All tournaments have a 32 player main draw for singles and a 16 team main draw for doubles.
Almerigogna Mansion
Almerigogna Mansion (Slovene: palača Almerigogna; Italian: palazzo Almerigogna) is a mansion in Koper, a port town in south-western Slovenia. It is one of the most significant Gothic monuments in the town.

Koper
Koper (Slovene: [ˈkòːpəɾ] ⓘ; Italian: Capodistria) is the fifth-largest city in Slovenia. Located in the Istrian region in the southwestern part of the country, Koper is the main urban center of the Slovene coast. The Port of Koper is the country's only container port and a major contributor to the economy of the Municipality of Koper. The city is a destination for a number of Mediterranean cruising lines.

Koper is also one of the main road entry points into Slovenia from Italy, which lies to the north of the municipality. The main motorway crossing is at Spodnje Škofije to the north of the city of Koper. The motorway continues into Rabuiese and Trieste. Koper also has a rail connection with the capital city, Ljubljana. On the coast, there is a crossing at Lazaret into Lazzaretto in Muggia municipality in Trieste province. The Italian border crossing is known as San Bartolomeo.
Netscape (web browser)
The Netscape web browser is the general name for a series of web browsers formerly produced by Netscape Communications Corporation, which eventually became a subsidiary of AOL. The original browser was once the dominant browser in terms of usage share, but as a result of the first browser war, it lost virtually all of its share to Internet Explorer due to Microsoft's anti-competitive bundling of Internet Explorer with Windows.

Netscape was discontinued, and support for all Netscape browsers and client products was terminated on March 1, 2008.

In 2024, AOL brought back the browser in name only as a Chromium fork.

Mozilla Composer
Mozilla Composer is the former free and open-source HTML editor and web authoring module of the Mozilla Application Suite (the predecessor to SeaMonkey). It was used to create and to edit web pages, e-mail, and text documents, and available for Windows, macOS and Linux. Composer was a graphical WYSIWYG HTML editor to view, write and edit HTML source code.

In September 2008 Daniel Glazman announced a new WYSIWYG HTML editor, BlueGriffon, written from scratch and based on Mozilla Gecko and XULRunner.

SeaMonkey, the community-driven successor to Mozilla Suite, includes an HTML editor named Composer that is developed from the Mozilla Composer code contained in the original Mozilla Suite.