hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turacin
Turacin is a naturally occurring red pigment that is 6% copper complexed to uroporphyrin III. Arthur Herbert Church discovered turacin in 1869.

It is found only in the bird family Musophagidae, the turacos. Other birds derive their red coloration from carotenoids (bright and orange-reds) or phaeomelanins (rusty and brownish-reds).

It is often assumed that this coloration will wash out when the birds are bathing or after heavy rains, but this is true only if the water used for bathing happens to be very alkaline.

The copper(II) uroporphyrin III pigment in turaco feathers was studied using electron spin resonance by Jack Peisach first with Blumberg and later with Mims.

Porphyrin
Porphyrins (/ˈpɔːrfərɪns/ POR-fər-ins) are heterocyclic, macrocyclic, organic compounds, composed of four modified pyrrole subunits interconnected at their α carbon atoms via methine bridges (=CH−). In vertebrates, an essential member of the porphyrin group is heme, which is a component of hemoproteins, whose functions include carrying oxygen in the bloodstream. In plants, an essential porphyrin derivative is chlorophyll, which is involved in light harvesting and electron transfer in photosynthesis.

The parent of porphyrins is porphine, a rare chemical compound of exclusively theoretical interest. Substituted porphines are called porphyrins. With a total of 26 π-electrons the porphyrin ring structure is a coordinated aromatic system. One result of the large conjugated system is that porphyrins absorb strongly in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, i.e. they are deeply colored. The name "porphyrin" derives from Greek  πορφύρα (porphyra) 'purple'.
Snapback (song)
"Snapback" is a song recorded by American country music group Old Dominion. It was released on January 11, 2016 as the second single from their debut studio album, Meat and Candy (2015). "Snapback" peaked at numbers 2 and 4 on the Billboard Country Airplay and Hot Country Songs charts, and was the number two Country Airplay record of 2016. It also reached the top 50 on the Hot 100 chart. The song was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and has sold 413,570 copies in the United States as of July 2016. The accompanying music video for the song was directed by Steve Condon and features the band in Los Angeles performing at a skate park and a house party.  The song was written by band members Matthew Ramsey, Trevor Rosen and Brad Tursi.

Country Airplay
Country Airplay is a chart published weekly by Billboard magazine in the United States since October 20, 2012, although the magazine also retrospectively recognizes the Hot Country Songs charts from January 20, 1990, through October 13, 2012, as part of the history of the Country Airplay listing.  The chart lists the 60 most-listened-to records played on 150 mainstream country radio stations across the country as monitored by Nielsen BDS, weighted to each station's Nielsen ratings.

The first number-one song actually published under the Country Airplay banner was "Take a Little Ride" by Jason Aldean; but as Billboard also recognizes the history of the Hot Country Songs chart since 1990 as part of this chart, the magazine recognizes the first chart-topper as "Nobody's Home" by Clint Black.
2015 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup
The 2015 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup included two disciplines: Olympic Cross-Country (XCO) and Downhill (DHI).

The overall World Cup titles in cross-country were won by Nino Schurter and Jolanda Neff. The downhill titles were won by Aaron Gwin and Rachel Atherton. The junior men's downhill title was won by Laurie Greenland.

Rachel Atherton
Rachel Laura Atherton (born 6 December 1987) is a British professional downhill mountain bike racer, and is a multiple time UCI World Champion.

Atherton began riding BMX at the age of 8 and mountain biking at the age of 11. She was both Sunday Times' Sportswoman of the Year and BBC Midlands Junior Sportswoman of the Year in 2005, and then BBC Midlands Sportswoman of the Year in 2008. In October 2015, a video of Atherton overtaking 91 competitors in five minutes during a race went viral.
1982 12 Hours of Sebring
The 30th Anniversary Coca-Cola Twelve Hours of Sebring Camel GT, was the second round of the 1982 IMSA GT Championship and was held at the Sebring International Raceway, on March 20, 1982. Victory overall went to the No. 18 JLP Racing Porsche 935 driven by John Paul Sr. and John Paul Jr.

John Paul Jr. (racing driver)
John Lee Paul Jr. (February 19, 1960 – December 29, 2020) was an American racing driver. He competed in CART and the Indy Racing League competitions, but primarily in IMSA GT Championship, winning the title in 1982.

During his career, Paul was a twice winner of the 24 Hours of Daytona, the first of these was while co-driving with his father, John Paul Sr. A few weeks later, the pair won the 1982 12 Hours of Sebring. Paul also triumphed in another major U.S. race, the 1983 Michigan 500.

Beside racing with his father, Paul also joined his father in criminal activities, in particular a drug smuggling operation.  In May 1986, Paul Jr. received a five-year sentence for racketeering, with the drug charges dropped. Paul Sr. was found guilty, served time for a number of crimes, and disappeared in 2001.
Allium humile
Allium humile is an Asian  species of wild onion found at high elevations (4000–4500 m) in India (Jammu-Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh,  Himachal Pradesh), Nepal, northern Pakistan, Tibet, and Yunnan.

Allium humile has narrow, cylindrical bulbs. Scape is up to 15 cm tall, slightly compressed. Leaves are flat, fleshy, linear, about 5 mm wide. Umbel is hemispheric, crowded with many flowers. Tepals are white with yellowish-green midveins.

The species formerly included a variety Allium humile var. trifurcatum F.T.Wang & Tang which is since 1991 called Allium trifurcatum (F.T.Wang & Tang) J.M.Xu.

Scape (botany)
In botany, a scape is a peduncle arising from a subterranean or very compressed stem, with the lower internodes very long and hence few or no bracts except the part near the rachis or receptacle. Typically it takes the form of a long, leafless flowering stem rising directly from a bulb, rhizome, or similar subterranean or underwater structure.

The scapes of scallions, chives, garlic chives, and garlic are used as vegetables.
Lauren Smith (cricketer)
Lauren Georgia Smith (born 6 October 1996) is an Australian cricketer who plays as a right-arm off break bowler and right-handed batter. Smith was selected to play her first Women's National Cricket League (WNCL) match for the New South Wales Breakers at the age of 18. In her debut WNCL match she took four wickets for 36 runs in her ten overs.

Smith previously played for the Sydney Sixers in the Women's Big Bash League before being recruited to play for the Sydney Thunder ahead of the 2020–21 season. She also had a stint with Lancashire in 2016 and with Suffolk in 2022. Later in 2022, she joined the South East Stars squad, scoring 73* and taking 2/20 on debut against North West Thunder.

Over (cricket)
In cricket, an over consists of six legal deliveries bowled from one end of a cricket pitch to the player batting at the other end, almost always by a single bowler.

A maiden over is an over in which no runs are scored that count against the bowler (so leg byes and byes may be scored as they are not counted against the bowler). A wicket maiden is a maiden over in which a wicket is also taken. Similarly, double and triple wicket maidens are when two and three wickets are taken in a maiden over.

After six deliveries the umpire calls 'over'; the fielding team switches ends, and a different bowler is selected to bowl from the opposite end. The captain of the fielding team decides which bowler will bowl any given over, and no bowler may bowl two overs in succession.
1901 Lake Forest Foresters football team
The 1901 Lake Forest Foresters football team was an American football team that represented Lake Forest University in the 1901 college football season.  In one of the longest seasons of any college football team in history, Lake Forest compiled a 10–5 record, achieving their first and only ten win season, and outscored their opponents 160 to 89.  Notable games included a 0–16 loss to Notre Dame, who were proclaimed champions of Indiana, and a 0–12 loss to an 8–2–1 Northwestern team.

1901 college football season
The 1901 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with NCAA-designated "major selectors" retroactively selecting Michigan and Harvard as national champions. The NCAA records book erroneously lists Yale as Parke H. Davis's selection. Harvard beat Yale 22–0 the last game of the year.
Liu Binbin
Liu Binbin (simplified Chinese: 刘彬彬; traditional Chinese: 劉彬彬; pinyin: Liú Bīnbīn; born 16 June 1993) is a Chinese professional footballer who currently plays as a right-footed left winger for Chinese Super League club Shandong Taishan and the China national team.

Chinese FA Cup
The Chinese FA Cup (Chinese: 中国足协杯, abbreviated as CFA Cup) is the national knockout cup competition in China organized by the Chinese Football Association. The current holders are Beijing Guoan, having beaten Henan in 2025 for their sixth title.
Localities of Iceland
Most municipalities in Iceland include more than one settlement. For example, four localities (Selfoss, Stokkseyri, Eyrarbakki, and Tjarnabyggð) can all be found in the municipality of Árborg.

A number of municipalities only contain a single locality, while there are also a few municipalities in which no localities exist. All localities in Iceland can only be located within a single municipality, i.e. they cannot straddle multiple municipality borders. Some municipalities, such as Hafnarfjörður and Akranes, also share the same name with a locality. However, these localities are not always situated in their namesake municipalities. In those cases, this does not necessarily mean that they there are no other localities included in that particular municipality. Even when they are the only locality there, they do not always encompass the span of that municipality's entire land area.

Akranes
Akranes (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈaːkraˌnɛːs] ⓘ) is a port town and municipality on the west coast of Iceland, around 50 km (31 mi) north of the capital Reykjavík.

The area where Akranes is located was settled in the 9th century; however, it did not receive a municipal charter until 1942.
Gene & Jude's
Gene & Jude's is a popular and iconic hot dog stand in River Grove, Illinois, founded in 1946 by Chicago city worker Gene Mormino. The stand is famous for its limited approach to the Chicago-style hot dog, its toppings departing from tradition by including only mustard, onions, relish, sport peppers and fresh cut French fries placed on top, known as a Depression Dog. The menu is limited to hot dogs, double dogs, tamales and fries, and notably lacks ketchup.

Tamale
A tamale is a traditional Mesoamerican dish made of masa, a dough made from nixtamalized corn, which is steamed in a corn husk or banana leaves. The wrapping can either be discarded prior to eating or used as a plate. Tamales can be filled with meats, cheeses, fruits, vegetables, herbs, chilies, or any preparation according to taste, and both the filling and the cooking liquid may be seasoned.

Tamale is an anglicized version of the Spanish word tamal (plural: tamales). Tamal comes from the Nahuatl tamalli.

The English "tamale" is a back-formation from tamales, with English speakers applying English pluralization rules, and thus interpreting the -e- as part of the stem, rather than part of the plural suffix -es.
John Bovingdon
John Bovingdon (1890–1973) was a modern dancer-turned-economic analyst who performed regularly at the Kings Road House of architect R.M. Schindler in Los Angeles in the 1920s. He studied economics at Harvard and graduated with high honors in 1915. After graduation, he moved to Japan and worked as a professor of economics at Keio University until 1920. He was fired from his post at the  Office of Economic Warfare in 1943 following "publication of assertions that Bovingdon used to be a ballet dancer and once had Communist associations." Martin Dies Jr. was critical of his employment there.

He traveled to Russia to work on the film Black and White.

Bovingdon founded a dance school with his wife, Jeanya Marling. She later married Soviet playwright Alexander Afinogenov.

Keio University
Keio University (Japanese: 慶應義塾大学, Hepburn: Keiō Gijuku Daigaku), abbreviated as Keio (慶應) or Keidai (慶大), is a private research university located in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It was originally established as a school for Western studies in 1858 in Edo. It was granted university status in 1920, becoming one of the first private universities in the country.

Keio University is also one of the member universities of RU11 and APRU, and it is one of two Japanese universities (alongside the University of Tokyo) to be a member of the World Economic Forum's Global University Leaders Forum.
Frank Curtis (priest)
Wilfred Frank Curtis (24 February 1923 – 25 May 2005) was an Anglican priest.

He was born on 24 February 1923 and educated at Foster's School in Sherborne and Bishop Wordsworth's School in Salisbury. After service with the Royal Artillery in the Second World War, he completed his studies at King's College London. He was ordained in 1952 and became curate of High Wycombe. He was with the Church Missionary Society from 1955 to 1974 when he became provost of Sheffield.

He retired in 1988 and died on 25 May 2005.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
Grambois
Grambois (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃bwa]; Occitan: Gramboés) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Grambois is a renovated, perched medieval village and quite close to the Luberon mountains. This small town was used for the filming La Gloire de mon père, which was released in 1990.

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (commonly shortened to PACA), sometimes  known as Région Sud, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located at the far southeastern point of the mainland. The main prefecture and largest city is Marseille, France's second largest city proper after Paris and the 2nd largest urban area when combined with Aix-en-Provence with over 1.9 million residents.
On the Beach (2000 film)
On the Beach is a 2000 apocalyptic drama television film directed by Russell Mulcahy and starring Armand Assante, Bryan Brown, and Rachel Ward. In America, it aired on Showtime on 28 May 2000 and in Australia it aired on Channel 7.

The film is a remake of a 1959 film, which was also based on the 1957 novel by Nevil Shute, but updates the setting of the story to the film's then-future of 2006, starting with placing the crew on a fictional Los Angeles-class submarine, USS Charleston (SSN-704).

Armand Assante
Armand Anthony Assante Jr. (/əˈsɑːnteɪ/; born October 4, 1949) is an American actor. He played mobster John Gotti in the 1996 HBO television film Gotti, Odysseus in the 1997 miniseries adaptation of Homer's The Odyssey, Nietzsche in When Nietzsche Wept, and Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer in 1982's I, the Jury. He has been nominated for two Primetime Emmy Awards (one win for his performance in Gotti), four Golden Globe Awards, and two Screen Actors Guild Awards. Assante also played 'Dominic Cattano', who was based on the real-life Lucchese family boss, Carmine Tramunti, in the 2007 film American Gangster alongside Denzel Washington, Josh Brolin and Russell Crowe, which was nominated for two Oscars at the 80th Academy Awards in 2008.
Krailling double homicide
The Krailling double homicide occurred on March 24, 2011. Two sisters, eleven-year-old Sharon and eight-year-old Chiara, were found dead by their mother and her partner at their home in Krailling, Bavaria (Germany). One week later, their uncle, Thomas Selmayr, was arrested on suspicion of their murder based on a DNA profile. On April 16, 2012, Thomas Selmayr was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment.

DNA profiling
DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting and genetic fingerprinting) is the process of determining an individual's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) characteristics. DNA analysis intended to identify a species, rather than an individual, is called DNA barcoding.

DNA profiling is a forensic technique in criminal investigations, comparing criminal suspects' profiles to DNA evidence so as to assess the likelihood of their involvement in the crime. It is also used in paternity testing, to establish immigration eligibility, and in genealogical and medical research. DNA profiling has also been used in the study of animal and plant populations in the fields of zoology, botany, and agriculture. DNA profiling was discovered by British geneticist Sir Alec Jeffreys in 1984 while he was working at the University of Leicester. He developed the technique of genetic fingerprinting by realizing that some regions of DNA have highly variable repetitive sequences that are unique to each individual.
Thordarhyrna
Thordarhyrna (Icelandic: Þórðarhyrna [ˈθourðarˌhɪ(r)tna] ⓘ) is one of seven subglacial volcanoes beneath the Vatnajokull glacier in Iceland. It is a paired active central volcano with Grímsvötn, and can be classified as part of the Grímsvötn-Laki volcanic system, with common fissure swarms to the south.

Vatnajökull
Vatnajökull (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈvahtnaˌjœːkʏtl̥] ⓘ, literally "Glacier of Lakes"; sometimes translated as Vatna Glacier in English) is the largest and most voluminous ice cap in Iceland, and the second largest in area in Europe after the Severny Island ice cap of Novaya Zemlya. It is in the south-east of the island, covering approximately 8% of the country.
Wipławki
Wipławki [vʲiˈpwafkʲi] (German: Wieplack) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bartoszyce, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north of Bartoszyce and 60 km (37 mi) north of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The village has a population of 70.

Bartoszyce
Bartoszyce (pronounced Barto-shitse [bartɔˈʂɨt͡sɛ] ⓘ; German: Bartenstein, [ˈbaʁtn̩ʃtaɪn] ⓘ) is a town on the Łyna River in northern Poland, with 22,597 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the capital of Bartoszyce County within the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship.
Omagh (film)
Omagh is a 2004 Irish film dramatising the events surrounding the Omagh bombing and its aftermath, co-produced by Irish state broadcaster RTÉ and UK network Channel 4, and directed by Pete Travis. It was first shown on television in both countries in May 2004.

Michael Gallagher, whose son Aiden (Paul Kelly) was killed in the bombing, is played by Gerard McSorley, originally from Omagh. Out of respect for the residents of the town, it was filmed on location in Navan, County Meath, Republic of Ireland. The film ends with the Julie Miller song Broken Things, which was performed by local singer Juliet Turner at the memorial for the victims of the Omagh bombing.

Julie Miller
Julie Anne Miller (born Julie Griffin, July 12, 1956) is an American songwriter, singer, and recording artist living in Nashville, Tennessee. She married Buddy Miller in 1981. They sing and play on each other's solo projects and have recorded several duet albums.
2000 Pennsylvania Auditor General election
Pennsylvania's Auditor General election was held November 7, 2000. Incumbent Democrat Bob Casey won reelection by a healthy margin. His Republican challenger was Katie True, a State Representative from the Lancaster area. Both candidates were unopposed in the primary.

Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Lancaster is a city in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. With a population of 58,039 at the 2020 census, it is the eighth-most populous city in the state. It is a core city within South Central Pennsylvania, with 552,984 residents in the Lancaster metropolitan area.

Settled in the 1720s, Lancaster is one of the oldest inland cities in the US. It served as the capital of Pennsylvania from 1799 to 1812. The city's primary industries include healthcare, tourism, public administration, manufacturing, and both professional and semi-professional services. Lancaster is located 59 miles (95 km) southwest of Allentown and 61 miles (98 km) west of Philadelphia and is a hub of Pennsylvania Dutch Country.
Boo Hanks
James Arthur "Boo" Hanks (April 30, 1928 – April 15, 2016) was an American Piedmont blues guitarist and singer. He was billed as the last of the Piedmont blues musicians.

Hanks recorded two albums in his lifetime, Pickin' Low Cotton (2007) and Buffalo Junction (2012), both released by the Music Maker record label. A one-time farmer, who grew up in and lived most of his adult life around Buffalo Junction, Virginia, Hanks appeared at the Roots of American Music Festival at the Lincoln Center, shared a bill with Patti Smith, was covered by The New York Times, and performed at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival; plus he toured in both the US and Europe.

Music Maker Relief Foundation
Music Maker Relief Foundation is an American non-profit, based in Hillsborough, North Carolina. Music Maker Relief Foundation was founded in 1994 by Tim and Denise Duffy to "help the true pioneers and forgotten heroes of Southern music gain recognition and meet their day-to-day needs. Music Maker presents these musical traditions to the world so American culture will flourish and be preserved for future generations."
Xiahou Shang
Xiahou Shang (died May or June 226), courtesy name Boren, was a Chinese military general and politician of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a distant younger relative of Xiahou Yuan and a close friend of Cao Pi, the first emperor of the Cao Wei state.

Zhushan County
Zhushan County (simplified Chinese: 竹山县; traditional Chinese: 竹山縣; pinyin: Zhúshān Xiàn) is a county in Shiyan, northwestern Hubei province, China, bordering Shaanxi province to the north and Chongqing municipality to the south. The county spans an area of 3,587.8 square kilometres (1,385.3 sq mi), and has a population of 346,069 as of 2020.
Heusch
Heusch is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jacob de Heusch, Dutch painter, nephew of Willem

Luc de Heusch (1927–2012), Belgian filmmaker, writer, and anthropologist

Paolo Heusch, Italian director and screenwriter

Willem de Heusch, Dutch landscape painter and engraver

Jacob de Heusch
Jacob de Heusch (November 23, 1656 (bapt.) - May 8, 1701), was a Dutch painter. He was Willem de Heusch's nephew, signing like his uncle, with an initial monogram combining J, D, and H (substituting an initial J for the initial G of his uncle's Guglielmo.