hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bandonhill
Bandonhill (sometimes spelt as Bandon Hill) is a small locality in the London Borough of Sutton, located between Wallington and Beddington.

It is best known for Bandon Hill Cemetery, which opened in 1899. Bandon Halt railway station formerly served the area, however this closed in 1914.

London Borough of Sutton
The London Borough of Sutton (pronunciationⓘ) is an Outer London borough in south London, England. It covers an area of 43 km2 (17 sq mi) and is the 80th largest local authority in England by population. It borders the London Borough of Croydon to the east, the London Borough of Merton to the north and the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames to the north-west; it also borders the Surrey boroughs of Epsom and Ewell to the west and Reigate and Banstead to the south. The local authority is Sutton London Borough Council. Its principal town is Sutton.

The borough has had some of the schools with the best results in the country.

Low levels of recorded crime have been a feature of the borough, being among the lowest in London.

The London Borough of Sutton was one of the four "vanguard areas" selected in 2010 for the Big Society initiative.
New Zealand cricket team in the West Indies in 1995–96
The New Zealand national cricket team toured the West Indies from March to May 1996 and played a two-match Test series against the West Indies cricket team which the West Indies won 1–0. New Zealand were captained by Lee Germon; the West Indies by Courtney Walsh. In addition, the teams played a five-match Limited Overs International (LOI) series which the West Indies won 3–2.

Lee Germon
Lee Kenneth Germon (born 4 November 1968) is a sporting body administrator and former New Zealand cricketer, wicket-keeper and former captain. He played for the provinces of Canterbury and Otago and is the most successful Canterbury cricket captain of the modern era. He was made captain of the New Zealand Cricket team on his Test match debut. He holds the unofficial record for the most runs (70), from a single over in first-class cricket.
Red-billed parrot
The red-billed parrot (Pionus sordidus), also known as coral-billed pionus or red-billed pionus, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

Psittacidae
The family Psittacidae or holotropical parrots is one of three families of true parrots. It comprises the 12 species of subfamily Psittacinae (the Afrotropical parrots) and 167 of subfamily Arinae (the New World or Neotropical parrots) including several species that have gone extinct in recent centuries. Some of the most iconic birds in the world are represented here, such as the blue-and-yellow macaw among the New World parrots and the grey parrot among the Afrotropical parrots.
Sigurvin Ólafsson
Sigurvin Ólafsson (born 18 July 1976) is an Icelandic retired footballer who played as a midfielder. Between 1997 and 2006, he won seven caps for the Iceland national football team. During his career he has won the Úrvalsdeild, the top division in Icelandic football, on five occasions with three clubs, and the Icelandic Cup in 2007.

2. deild karla
2. deild karla (transl. Men's Second Division) is a football league in Iceland. It is the third division in the Icelandic football league system. The current champions are Afturelding from Mosfellsbær, who won their 1st title in 2018.

The division was started in 1966 as third division with two provisional groups, with number of teams varying from 7 to 10 teams in each group. In 1987 it was decided to merge the two groups to form a single nationwide league with 10 teams so at the end of the 1987 season only three teams from each group would stay in the league, the top teams in each group were promoted, all other teams relegated to the 4th division and two teams promoted from the 4th division. In 1997 after a name change, the division became Second division.

In 2008, as a part of a general change in Icelandic football, the number of teams was increased from 10 to 12.
Infinity Power Chutes
Infinity Power Chutes, LLC is an American aircraft manufacturer currently based in Uniondale, Indiana and headed by Frank Williams since 2019. It was originally located in Bronson, Michigan then moved to Sturgis, Michigan. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of powered parachutes in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft under the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules, the European Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight and the American light-sport aircraft categories.

Infinity is a limited liability company.

The company currently offers two models of powered parachute, the Infinity Commander two seat light sport aircraft and the Infinity Challenger single-seater. The US Federal Aviation Administration had 191 aircraft made by Infinity registered in July 2015.

Light-sport aircraft
A light-sport aircraft (LSA), or light sport aircraft, is a category of small, lightweight aircraft that are simple to fly. LSAs tend to be heavier and more sophisticated than ultralight (aka "microlight") aircraft, but LSA restrictions on weight and performance separates the category from established GA aircraft. There is no standard worldwide description of an LSA.
Ambahoabe
Ambahoabe is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Soanierana Ivongo, which is a part of Analanjirofo region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 13,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 95% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crop is rice, while other important products are coffee and cloves.  Services provide employment for 5% of the population.

Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum (/sɪˈzɪdʒiːəm ˌærəˈmætɪkəm/). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics. Cloves are available throughout the year owing to different harvest seasons across various countries.
Apology of Aristides
The Apology of Aristides was written by the early Christian writer Aristides (fl. 2nd century). Until 1878, knowledge of Aristides was confined to some references in works by Eusebius of Caesarea and Saint Jerome. Eusebius said that he was an Athenian philosopher and that Aristides and another apologist, Quadratus, delivered their Apologies directly to Emperor Hadrian. Aristides is also credited with a sermon on Luke 23:43. He remained a philosopher after his conversion to Christianity working in Athens.

Quadratus of Athens
Quadratus of Athens (Ancient Greek: Κοδρᾶτος; fl. 2nd century) was an early Christian apologist, traditionally regarded as a disciple of the Apostles and one of the Seventy Disciples. He is best known for presenting an apology to Emperor Hadrian during his visit to Athens around 124–125 CE. His work included a defense of the Christian faith against its critics, what he saw as the enduring impact of Jesus' miracles.

Quadratus is also associated with the apostolic tradition and is recognized as the Bishop of Athens, succeeding Saint Publius. His feast day is observed on May 26 in the Catholic Church and September 21 in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Frederick I (archbishop of Cologne)
Frederick I (c. 1075 – 5 October 1131) was the Archbishop of Cologne from 1100 until his death.

Frederick I was a son of Count Berthold I of Schwarzenburg. He became a canon in Bamberg and Speyer.

Frederick was appointed Archbishop of Cologne in 1100 by the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV. He supported Henry V's revolt against his father, despite the widespread support for Henry IV among the citizens of Cologne. In 1110 he conducted the wedding of Henry V and Matilda.

Shortly after gaining office, he began construction of the castle of Volmarstein. Frederick took part in drawing up the Concordat of Worms which ended the Investiture Controversy in 1122. Frederick elected Lothair of Saxony over Duke Frederick II of Swabia in 1125, after first offering the crown of Germany to Charles I the Good of Flanders. King Lothair secured the south of the archbishopric through the construction of a series of castles.

Frederick died in 1131, and was buried in Michaelsberg Abbey.

Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor
Lothair III, sometimes numbered Lothair II and also known as Lothair of Supplinburg (c. June 1075 – 4 December 1137), was Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 until his death. He was appointed Duke of Saxony in 1106 and elected King of Germany in 1125 before being crowned emperor in Rome. The son of the Saxon count Gebhard of Supplinburg, his reign was troubled by the constant intriguing of the Hohenstaufens, Duke Frederick II of Swabia and Duke Conrad of Franconia. He died while returning from a successful campaign against the Norman Kingdom of Sicily.
Sunda warbler
The Sunda warbler (Phylloscopus grammiceps) is a species of Old World warbler in the family Phylloscopidae. It is found only in Indonesia.

The Sunda warbler was previously placed in the genus Seicercus. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2018 found that neither Phylloscopus nor Seicercus were monophyletic. In the subsequent reorganization the two genera were merged into Phylloscopus which has priority under the rules of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is an organization dedicated to "achieving stability and sense in the scientific naming of animals". Founded in 1895, it currently comprises 26 commissioners from 20 countries.
Van Bebber
Van Bebber is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George Thomas Van Bebber (1931–2005), American judge

Jack van Bebber (1907–1986), American sport wrestler

Jim Van Bebber (born 1964), American film director

Wilhelm Jacob van Bebber (1841–1909), German meteorologist

Jim Van Bebber
James Nathan “Jim” VanBebber (born November 24, 1964) is an American film director.

Born in Greenville, Ohio, VanBebber attended Wright State University where he studied cinema. Instead of using a bank loan to pay for a second year of college, he used the money to finance Deadbeat at Dawn, and founded the indie film company Asmodeus Productions with several colleagues. The Manson Family took more than ten years to complete.

A documentary about VanBebber titled Diary of a Deadbeat: The Story of Jim VanBebber covering his life from 2010 to 2015 was released in 2015.
Bobby Wilson (footballer, born 1944)
Robert Wilson (born 29 May 1944) is an English retired amateur footballer who made one appearance in the Football League for Brentford as an inside forward. He is best remembered for his four seasons in non-League football with Hendon, for whom he made over 180 appearances.

Hendon F.C.
Hendon Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in north-west London. They play at Silver Jubilee Park in Kingsbury and are currently members of the Isthmian League South Central Division.
Kalyna Country
The Kalyna Country ecomuseum is a heritage and eco-tourism district in East Central Alberta, Canada, named after the highbush cranberry plant, pronounced /kɐ'ɫɪ.nɐ/ in the Ukrainian language. The Ukrainian folklore states: "Without Kalyna, there is no Ukraina".

Viburnum trilobum
Viburnum trilobum (cranberrybush viburnum, American cranberrybush, high bush cranberry, or highbush cranberry) is a species of Viburnum native to northern North America, from Newfoundland west to British Columbia, south to Washington state and east to northern Virginia. It is very closely related to the European and Asian Viburnum opulus, and is often treated as a variety of it, as Viburnum opulus L. var. americanum Ait., or as a subspecies, Viburnum opulus subsp. trilobum (Marshall) Clausen.
Estadio Bernabé Pedrozo
Estadio Bernabé Pedrozo is a multi-use stadium in Asunción, Paraguay.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Club Silvio Pettirossi of the Primera División de Paraguay.  The stadium holds 4,200 spectators.

APF División de Honor
The División de Honor or División Profesional de la Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol (locally [diβiˈsjom pɾofesjoˈnal de la asosjaˈsjom paɾaˈɣwaʝa ðe ˈfuðβol]; "Professional Division of the Paraguayan Football Association"), or due to sponsorship reasons Copa de Primera Tigo – ueno bank, is the top-flight professional football league in Paraguay. Currently, there are 12 teams in the first division.

The most successful club is Olimpia, with 47 championships. Cerro Porteño are the most recent champions, having won the 2025 Clausura tournament. As of 2022, IFFHS ranked the league as the 10th strongest in the world and 3rd in South America.
William Parr (explorer)
William Parr was an Australian explorer, known for his roles of mineralogist and cartographer with John Oxley, as expedition leader with Benjamin Singleton, and as trailblazer for the successful expedition by John Howe.

Colony of New South Wales
The Colony of New South Wales was a colony of the British Empire from 1788 to 1901, when it became a State of the Commonwealth of Australia. At its greatest extent, the colony of New South Wales included the present-day Australian states of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania, and South Australia, the Northern Territory as well as New Zealand.

The first responsible self-government of New South Wales was formed on 6 June 1856 with Sir Stuart Alexander Donaldson appointed by Governor Sir William Denison as its first Colonial Secretary.
University of Technology, Mauritius
The University of Technology, Mauritius (UTM) is a public research university in Mauritius. The main campus lies in La Tour Koenig, Pointe-aux-Sables, within the district of Port-Louis. It was founded following the government of Mauritius approval of the setting up of the University of Technology, Mauritius in January 2000 and the proclamation of The University of Technology, Mauritius Act on 21 June 2000.

UTM is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities and is listed in the Commonwealth Universities Handbook and in the International Handbook of Universities. UTM is a member of the Southern African Regional Universities Association (SARUA) – a network of public universities in the SADC region.

Association of Commonwealth Universities
The Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU) is a charitable organisation that was established in 1913 which has over 400 member institutions in over 40 countries across the Commonwealth of Nations. The ACU is the world's oldest international network of universities. Its mission is to promote and support excellence in higher education for the benefit of individuals and societies throughout the Commonwealth and beyond.

The Association of Commonwealth Universities is governed by its member institutions through an elected council. As the ACU is a UK-registered charity, council members also act as its Trustees. The ACU Council comprises up to 23 members: 20 elected council members, up to two co-opted council members and, if the Honorary Treasurer is co-opted rather than elected, the Honorary Treasurer.
Museum (journal)
Museum (ミューゼアム:国立博物館美術誌, Myūzeamu: Kokuritsu Hakubutsukan bijutsushi) is an academic journal covering research on Oriental art, museology, and conservation science, with a particular focus on Japanese art. It is published bimonthly in Japanese by the Tokyo National Museum, with some summaries in English.

Museology
Museology (also called museum studies or museum science) is the study of museums. It explores the history of museums and their role in society, as well as the activities they engage in, including curating, preservation, public programming, and education.
Abigail Thompson
Abigail A. Thompson (born 1958 in Norwalk, Connecticut) is an American mathematician. She works as a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Davis, where she specializes in knot theory and low-dimensional topology.

Low-dimensional topology
In mathematics, low-dimensional topology is the branch of topology that studies manifolds, or more generally topological spaces, of four or fewer dimensions. Representative topics are the theory of 3-manifolds and 4-manifolds, knot theory, and braid groups. This can be regarded as a part of geometric topology. It may also be used to refer to the study of topological spaces of dimension 1, though this is more typically considered part of continuum theory.
San Tun
San Tun (Burmese: ဆန်းထွန်း) is a Burmese politician and former military officer. He is an incumbent member of the Amyotha Hluttaw. He previously served as a Northern Deputy Regional Commander for the Myanmar Army.

San Tun was born on 2 March 1951 in Rangoon, Burma. He is married to Tin Sein.

San Tun contested the 2010 Burmese general election as a Union Solidarity and Development Party candidate for the Amyotha Hluttaw, representing the Thazi Township constituency No. 2. He won the election with 34,092 votes, about 68% of the votes.

Union Solidarity and Development Party
The Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP; Burmese: ပြည်ထောင်စုကြံ့ခိုင်ရေးနှင့် ဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေးပါတီ, romanized: pyihtaunghcukyaanhkinerayynhang hpwanhpyaoerayyparte) is an ultranationalist, pro-military political party in Myanmar. Alongside the National League for Democracy, it is one of Myanmar's two principal national parties.

USDP is the successor to the former ruling military junta's mass organisation, the Union Solidarity and Development Association (USDA), and serves as the electoral proxy of the Tatmadaw (military), which operates as a state within a state. Many of its political candidates and leadership are retired generals. It supports authoritarian military leadership. USDP was founded by Prime Minister Thein Sein to contest the 2010 Myanmar general election; the party was headed by Sein until 2013. Since 2022, it has been led by Khin Yi, who was installed as a loyalist of military leader Min Aung Hlaing.
Showkat Hussain Ganie
Showkat Hussain Ganie is an Indian politician, serving as a member of Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly. A member of Jammu and Kashmir National Conference, he represents Zainapora assembly constituency since October 2024. He was elected during the 2024 assembly elections.

He has also served as a member of the Jammu and Kashmir state legislative council (MLC) twice.

Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly
The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly (Dogri: 𑠑𑠢𑠹𑠢𑠰 𑠙𑠳 𑠊𑠧𑠹𑠢𑠮𑠤 𑠊𑠺𑠝𑠰𑠝 𑠀𑠩𑠳𑠷𑠠𑠥𑠮 (in Dogri)); (Kashmiri: جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَجلِسہِ قۄنوٗن سٲزی (in Perso-Arabic), 𑆘𑆾𑇌𑆩𑇀 𑆠 𑆑𑆯𑆵𑆫𑇀 𑆩𑆘𑇀𑆬𑆴𑆱𑇀-𑆅 𑆑𑇊𑆾𑇋𑆳𑆤𑆷𑆤𑇀 𑆱𑆃𑆘𑇊𑆵 (in Sharada)) is the unicameral legislature of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly is the legislative arm of the Government of Jammu and Kashmir. At present, it consists of 95 members, directly elected from 95 constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner.

Prior to 2019, the State of Jammu and Kashmir had a bicameral legislature with a legislative assembly (lower house) and a legislative council (upper house). The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, passed by the Parliament of India in August 2019, replaced this with a unicameral legislature while also re-organising the state into a union territory. The current 13th assembly was elected in September and October 2024.
Conventional weapon
Conventional weapons or conventional arms are weapons whose damaging impact comes from kinetic, incendiary, or explosive energy. They stand in contrast to weapons of mass destruction (e.g., nuclear, biological, radiological, and chemical weapons).

Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion.

In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a non-rotating object of mass m traveling at a speed v is .

The kinetic energy of an object is equal to the work, or force (F) in the direction of motion times its displacement (s), needed to accelerate the object from rest to its given speed. The same amount of work is done by the object when decelerating from its current speed to a state of rest.

The SI unit of energy is the joule, while the English unit of energy is the foot-pound.

In relativistic mechanics,  is a good approximation of kinetic energy only when v is much less than the speed of light.
Li Zai
Li Zai (Chinese: 李在; pinyin: Lǐ Zài; Wade–Giles: Li Tsai); ca. (unknown-1431) was a Chinese painter of landscapes and human figures during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). His specific birth year is not known.

Li was born in Putian in Fujian province and active during the Xuande era. His style name was 'Yizheng' (以政). Li's painting followed the style of Guo Xi, Ma Yuan, and Xia Gui.

Putian
Putian (Chinese: 莆田, Putian dialect: Pó-chéng), also known as Puyang (莆阳) and Puxian (莆仙), historically known as Hinghwa/Hinghua/Henghua (simplified Chinese: 兴化; traditional Chinese: 興化), is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. It borders Fuzhou to the north, Quanzhou to the south, and the Taiwan Strait's Xinghua Bay to the east. Mulan River flows through the city.
George Sellars
George Maurice Victor Sellars (16 April 1886 – 7 June 1917) was a rugby union player who represented New Zealand fifteen times, including two Test matches. He played club rugby for Ponsonby, and was first selected for Auckland in 1910, and in 1912 gained international selection for New Zealand Māori. Sellars was selected for the All Blacks – as New Zealand's international team is known – for their 1913 tour of North America where he played fourteen matches. As well, he was also in the All Blacks' side that played Australia immediately prior to their tour. Although unavailable to play for New Zealand the following year, he did represent the Māori again that season. In 1915 Sellars enlisted for service in the First World War, and he was fatally wounded in 1917 at the Battle of Messines. He has no known grave and his name is among those recorded on the Messines Ridge (New Zealand) Memorial, at the Messines Ridge British Cemetery.

Messines Ridge (New Zealand) Memorial
The Messines Ridge (New Zealand) Memorial is a World War I memorial, located in Messines Ridge British Cemetery, near the town of Mesen, Belgium. The memorial lists 827 officers and men of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force with no known grave who died in or near Messines in 1917 and 1918. This period included the Battle of Messines.
Clifton Park, New York
Clifton Park is a suburban town in Saratoga County, New York, United States. It is the largest municipality in the county, with a 2020 population of 38,029, according to the 2020 census. As such, it is the largest municipality in New York state east of Syracuse and north of Schenectady. The town's name is derived from an early land patent. The town is in the southern part of Saratoga County, approximately 12 miles (19 km) north of Albany, 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Schenectady, and 10 miles (16 km) south of Saratoga Springs.

Mohawk River
The Mohawk River is a 149-mile-long (240 km) river in the U.S. state of New York. It is the largest tributary of the Hudson River, flowing into it in Cohoes, a few miles north of the state capital of Albany. The river is named for the Mohawk Nation of the Iroquois Confederacy. A significant portion of the river's valley served as the path of the Erie Canal, key to developing both New York state and the Great Lakes area.  The Mohawk's largest tributary, the Schoharie Creek, accounts for over one quarter (26.83%) of the river's watershed, with West Canada Creek contributing another 16.33% of total.