hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cato's Letters
Cato's Letters were essays by British writers John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon, first published from 1720 to 1723 under the pseudonym of Cato (95–46 BC), the implacable foe of Julius Caesar and a famously stalwart champion of Roman traditionalism (mos maiorum).

English resistance to a standing army
English resistance to a standing army refers to the long-standing political and constitutional opposition in England to maintaining a permanent military force in peacetime. Before the mid-seventeenth century, national defence relied on local militia, noble levies, and mercenaries. The creation of the New Model Army by Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War demonstrated the effectiveness—but also the dangers—of a professional army under centralized control.

After the Restoration in 1660, fear of military despotism shaped English political thought. The 1689 Bill of Rights confirmed that no standing army could be maintained without Parliament’s consent, establishing the principle of civilian oversight. Despite continuing unease through the eighteenth century, especially among advocates of the militia system, a permanent army became an accepted feature of the modern British state.
Kevin Bracken
Kevin Bracken (born October 29, 1971) is an American Greco-Roman wrestler who competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics, where he finished 6th place at 63 kg. He is currently the Head Coach of the Olympian Wrestling Club, Castle Rock, Colorado.

Castle Rock, Colorado
Castle Rock is a home rule town that is the county seat of and the most-populous municipality in Douglas County, Colorado, United States. The town’s population was 73,158 at the 2020 census, a 51.68% increase since the 2010 census. Castle Rock is the most-populous Colorado town (rather than city) and the 14th-most populous Colorado municipality. Castle Rock is a part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO metropolitan statistical area and the Front Range urban corridor.

The town is named for the prominent, castle-shaped butte near the center of town.
Chuck Versus the Colonel
"Chuck Versus the Colonel" is the 21st episode of Chuck's second season, and the 34th episode overall. It aired on NBC on April 20, 2009. Chuck and Sarah go on the run in an effort to locate Chuck's father. At the Buy More, Morgan becomes a pariah among his coworkers after Big Mike's demotion.

Chuck season 3
The third season of Chuck was announced on May 17, 2009 with 13 episodes, with NBC reserving the option of nine more episodes. Production for the third season began on August 6, 2009. On October 28, 2009, NBC added 6 more episodes to the third season which brings the season total to 19. On November 19, NBC announced that Chuck would return mid-season on January 10 with two back-to-back episodes before it would move to Monday nights to its 8 pm time-slot on January 11.
Frederick Boyd (priest)
Christianity portal

The Ven Frederick James Boyd was archdeacon of Winnipeg from 1962 until 1966.

Boyd was educated at the University of Manitoba and ordained in 1932. After curacies at Morden and Kildonan he was on the staff of St. Alban's Cathedral, Kenora from 1939 to 1950. He was rector of St Aidan, Winnipeg from 1950 until his appointment as archdeacon; and at St Mary, Kerrisdale afterwards.

Morden, Manitoba
Morden is a city located in the Pembina Valley region of southern Manitoba, Canada, near the United States border. It is about 11 km (6.8 mi) west of the neighbouring city of Winkler and they are often referred to as Manitoba's Twin Cities. Morden, which is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Stanley, is the eighth largest and fastest-growing city in Manitoba. According to Statistics Canada, the city had a population of 9,929 in 2021, an increase of 14.5% from 2016, making it Manitoba's fastest growing city.
IPGMER and SSKM Hospital
Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital (abbreviated as IPGMER and SSKM Hospital), colloquially known as PGI Kolkata  & P. G. Hospital, is a public medical college and Tertiary Teaching hospital located in Kolkata, India. It is a national research institute. It is a Center of Excellence in Medical Education and Research in India.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
Gwynedd Maldwyn
Gwynedd Maldwyn (Welsh for 'Gwynedd [and] Montgomeryshire'; listenⓘ) is a proposed six-member constituency of the Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru) to be used for the 2026 Senedd election.

It was proposed following the 2026 review of Senedd constituencies, and will be a pairing of the two UK Parliament constituencies Dwyfor Meirionnydd and Montgomeryshire and Glyndŵr. It is to have a Welsh-only name.

Montgomeryshire
Montgomeryshire (Welsh: Sir Drefaldwyn 'the shire of Baldwin's town', or simply Maldwyn) was one of the thirteen counties of Wales that existed from 1536 until their abolition in 1974, later becoming a district of Powys from 1974 to 1996. It was named after its county town, Montgomery, which in turn was named after one of William the Conqueror's main counsellors, Roger de Montgomerie, who was the 1st Earl of Shrewsbury.

The area of what was Montgomeryshire, now constitutes the northern part of the county of Powys. The current area was 2,174 square km (839 square miles).

The largest town was Newtown, followed by Welshpool and Llanidloes.
San Marino Highway
San Marino Highway is a road from the castelli of Borgo Maggiore, to Domagnano, through to Serravalle and then the town of Dogana, where it enters Italy. Part of it was built over the now defunct Rimini-San Marino railway line, which was destroyed during the Battle of Rimini. It is owned by the Sammarinese government.

The road is 8.9 km (5.5 miles) long and 18 meters wide, providing for two lanes in each direction.   Work on its construction began on 10 August 1959 and the road was formally opened in the presence of senior political leaders from both Italy and San Marino on 25 November 1965.

Dogana
Dogana (lit. 'Customs House'; Romagnol: Dughena) is a curazia of San Marino. It belongs to the municipality of Serravalle. The town is the most populated settlement in San Marino, with a population of around 7,000.
Kouassi-Kouassikro
Kouassi-Kouassikro is a town in central Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Kouassi-Kouassikro Department in N'Zi Region, Lacs District. Kouassi-Kouassikro is also a commune.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Kouassi-Kouassikro was 23,117.

Lacs District
Lacs District (French: District des Lacs; pronounced [lak], "Lakes") is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the central part of the country. The capital of the district is Dimbokro.
Peter Mandrup Lem
Peter Mandrup Lem (baptized 7 June 1758 - 12 January 1828) was an eighteenth-century Danish violin virtuoso. Among his few compositions always mentioned by his contemporaries are his both symphonies, violin concertos, piano pieces and an oratorio, although none of them is known to be preserved.

Virtuoso
A virtuoso (from Italian virtuoso, Italian: [virˈtwoːzo] or Italian: [virtuˈoːso]; Late Latin virtuosus; Latin virtus; 'virtue', 'excellence' or 'skill') is an individual who possesses outstanding talent and technical ability in a particular art or field such as fine arts, music, singing, playing a musical instrument, or composition.
Church of the Corpus Christi (Ikaźń)
Church of the Corpus Christi in Ikaźń is a Belarusian Catholic church, constructed in 1906–1912.

The first wooden church in the town was built by order of Lew Sapieha in 1593. During the XVII—XVIII centuries it was burned down several times and then restored. The last time it happened during the Napoleon invasion in 1812, the reconstruction was done in 1814.

In 1906 the parish was allowed to build a new stone church. The construction lasted for 6 years and was finished in 1912 when the church was finally consecrated. A three-nave basilica with two towers, it was decorated in a Romanesque Revival style. The facades were covered with Rubble in an original manner that is called ‘Braslaw mosaics’.

Lew Sapieha
Lew Sapieha (Belarusian: Леў Сапега; Lithuanian: Leonas Sapiega; 4 April 1557 – 7 July 1633) was a nobleman and statesman of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He became Great Secretary of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1580, Great Clerk of the Grand Duchy in 1581, Crown Chancellor in 1585, Grand Chancellor from 1589 until 1623, Voivode of Vilnius in 1621, Great Lithuanian Hetman in 1623 and governor of Slonim, Brest and Mogilev.

Sapieha is considered as a great political figure of the Commonwealth. A rich and powerful magnate, he was known for his wisdom as a statesman, lawyer and military commander, he was one of the greatest leaders of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the times of the Duchy's highest cultural flourishing. He was of Ruthenian (Belarusian) ethnicity. Modern Belarusian sources interpret his Ruthenian heritage as Belarusian.
Annette Ziegler
Annette Kingsland Ziegler (born March 6, 1964) is an American jurist serving since 2007 as a justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court. She is generally regarded as part of its conservative wing. Ziegler served as the chief justice from 2021 to 2025. From 1997 to 2007, she served as a Wisconsin circuit court judge in Washington County.

Wisconsin Supreme Court
The Wisconsin Supreme Court is the highest and final court of appeals in the state judicial system of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. In addition to hearing appeals of lower Wisconsin court decisions, the Wisconsin Supreme Court also has the option to take original jurisdiction of cases, and serves as a regulator and administrator of judicial conduct and the practice of law in Wisconsin.

Justices on the Wisconsin Supreme Court are elected. The two most recent elections (2023 and 2025) received national attention. They both broke records for the most expensive judicial elections in U.S. history.
Yunioshi
Yunioshi are an electronic rock band from Nottingham, England, formed in October 2006. They describe their sound as "robot funk". The name Yunioshi came from I.Y. Yunioshi, a character in Truman Capote's novella, Breakfast at Tiffany's.

Their sound was described by TuneTribe as 'the exact place where found sounds and breakbeats merge with left of centre indie pop; all lilting Beck-style rhythms and hummable hooks' and by LeftLion as "Beck dry humping the Flaming Lips with the robot from Lost In Space looking on and filming all the action for his own personal collection. The perfect pop band. They're as catchy as hell."

Electronic rock
Electronic rock (also known as synth rock and electro rock) is a music genre that involves a combination of rock music and electronic music, featuring instruments typically found within both genres. It originates from the late 1960s when rock bands began incorporating electronic instrumentation into their music. Electronic rock acts usually fuse elements from other music styles, including punk rock, industrial rock, hip hop, techno and synth-pop, which has helped spur subgenres such as indietronica, dance-punk and electroclash.
Veleru
Veleru is a village in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Bapulapadu mandal of Nuzvid revenue division. It is one of the villages in the mandal to be a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region.

Veleru is also a village in Khammam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Burgamphad mandal.

Nuzvid revenue division
Nuzvid revenue division is an administrative division in the Eluru district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the 3 revenue divisions in the district with 6 mandals under its administration. Nuzvid serves as the headquarters of the division. The division has 1 municipality.
Aurélien Noël
Aurélien Noël (16 September 1904 – 16 December 1991) was a Canadian chartered accountant, lawyer, lecturer, professor and politician. Noël served as a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Saint-Ferdinand, Quebec.

He was first elected at the Outremont—Saint-Jean riding in a 29 May 1967 by-election, called when the previous Member of Parliament, Maurice Lamontagne, was appointed to the Senate.

As the 1968 federal election approached, Noël faced some pressure to step aside so that Maurice Sauvé, an area resident, could become the Liberal candidate for the riding, which was then renamed Outremont. However, Noël did not give way to Sauvé and was re-elected to a full term in the 28th Canadian Parliament. Noël's career in Parliament ended when he was replaced as Outremont's Liberal party candidate by Marc Lalonde for the 1972 election. Noël did not participate in another federal election thereafter. He died on 16 December 1991.

28th Canadian Parliament
The 28th Canadian Parliament was in session from September 12, 1968, until September 1, 1972. The membership was set by the 1968 federal election on June 25, 1968, and it changed only slightly due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1972 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party majority under Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and the 20th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Progressive Conservative Party led by Robert Stanfield.

The Speaker was Lucien Lamoureux. See also List of Canadian electoral districts (1966–1976) for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were four sessions of the 28th Parliament:
Beth Mooney
Bethany Louise Mooney (born 14 January 1994) is an Australian professional cricketer who plays for the national cricket team as a batter in all three formats of the game. At the domestic level, she plays as a wicket-keeper-batter for Western Australia, Perth Scorchers in WBBL and for Gujarat Giant in WPL. In March 2020, at the conclusion of the ICC Women's T20 World Cup 2020, she became the world's number one batter in Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) cricket.

ICC Women's Player Rankings
The International Cricket Council player rankings is a widely followed system of rankings  for international cricketers based on their recent performances.

Thought the men's ratings were developed in 1987, the women's ratings were first introduce for WODI matches in 2008 in response to the formats growing popularity. Currently, 10 teams are considered for WODI ratings, whereas all association members of the ICC are eligible for WT20I ratings. The rankings include the top 10 WODI and WT20I batsmen, bowlers and all-rounders based on the rating of the each player.
Religion in Somalia
Islam is the predominant religion followed in Somalia with over 99.9% of the country adhering to the religion. Sunni Islam, in the Shafi'i and Hanafi versions of Islam, is mainly followed in Somalia. Tiny minorities of Christians and traditional African religion followers do exist.

Pew Research Center
The Pew Research Center (also simply known as Pew) is a nonpartisan American think tank based in Washington, D.C. It provides information on social issues, public opinion, and demographic trends shaping the United States and the world. It also conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, random sample survey research, and panel based surveys,  media content analysis, and other empirical social science research.

The Pew Research Center states it does not take policy stances. It is a subsidiary of the Pew Charitable Trusts and a charter member of the American Association of Public Opinion Research's Transparency Initiative.
Éder Álvarez Balanta
Éder Fabián Álvarez Balanta (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈeðeɾ ˈalβaɾes]; born 28 February 1993) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or centre-back for América de Cali and the Colombia national team. River Plate former coach Ramón Díaz has compared Álvarez Balanta's talents to that of 1970s legend Daniel Passarella.

A Colombian international, he made his debut against Tunisia on 5 March 2014 and was later named in Colombia's squad for the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

Álvarez Balanta is described by FIFA's official website as "left-footed, powerfully built, strong in the air and a fearless tackler ... blessed with skill and speed."

Swiss Cup
The Swiss Cup (German: Schweizer Cup; French: Coupe de Suisse; Italian: Coppa Svizzera; Romansh: Cuppa Svizra)  is a football cup competition that has been organised annually since 1925–26 season by the Swiss Football Association.

The Swiss Cup final is usually the most important game of the year with a high attendance. The competition is also shaped by games in the first rounds when villages celebrate the tie of their club with a professional team leading to infrastructure improvements and often thousands of spectators at the local football pitch. Since 1999 the cup winners earns the chance to qualify for the UEFA Europa League or the UEFA Conference League in accordance with the rankings of Switzerland in the UEFA coefficient.
Græsted-Gilleleje
Until 1 January 2007 Græsted-Gilleleje was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Frederiksborg County on the north coast of the island of Zealand (Sjælland) in eastern Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 134 km2, and had a total population of 20,936 (2005).  Its last mayor was Jannich Petersen, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party. The main town and the site of its municipal council was the town of Gilleleje.

Græsted-Gilleleje municipality ceased to exist due to Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was combined with Helsinge municipality to form the new Gribskov municipality.  This created a municipality with an area of 278 km2 and a total population of 40,409 (2005).  The new municipality belongs to Region Hovedstaden ("Capital Region").

Gilleleje
Gilleleje (Danish pronunciation: [kiləˈlɑjə]) is a fishing town and seaside resort on the north coast of the peninsula North Zealand, Denmark. The town is located at the northernmost point of the island of Zealand. It is one of the main towns of the Gribskov municipality in Region Hovedstaden in Denmark. As of 1 January 2025, it has a population of 6,596.
Real-Time UML
Real-Time UML (RTUML) refers to the application of the Unified Modelling Language (UML) for the analysis, design, and implementation of real-time and embedded systems, where timing constraints, concurrency, and resource management are critical. It extends standard UML with profiles, notations, and semantics to handle hard and soft real-time requirements, such as modelling predictable response times and fault tolerance. RTUML is not a separate language but a methodology leveraging UML diagrams (e.g., statecharts, sequence diagrams) for time-sensitive applications like automotive controls, avionics, and medical devices.

The term is closely associated with Bruce Powel Douglass, who popularised it through his books and the Harmony process for embedded software development. As of 2025, RTUML remains relevant in industries requiring certified systems, though its adoption varies with agile methodologies and model-driven engineering tools.

Implementation
Implementation is the realization of an application, execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, policy, or the administration or management of a process or objective.
Lost Girl season 1
Lost Girl is a Canadian supernatural drama television series  that premiered on Showcase on September 12, 2010. The series was created by Michelle Lovretta and is produced by Jay Firestone, Prodigy Pictures Inc.,  and Keyframe Digital Productions, Inc.,  with the participation of the Canadian Television Fund (Canada Media Fund), and in association with Shaw Media. It follows the life of a bisexual succubus named Bo, played by Anna Silk, as she learns to control her superhuman abilities, help those in need, and discover the truth about her origins.

Lost Girl premiered on Showcase on September 12, 2010. Its debut became "the highest-rated Canadian scripted series premiere of all time on Showcase."

The series premiered in Australia on Sci Fi on July 14, 2011.  In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the series premiered on Syfy (UK) on September 1, 2011.  In the United States, the series premiered on Syfy on January 16, 2012.

SF (Australian TV channel)
SF (formerly Sci Fi Channel) was an Australian subscription channel that aired science fiction, fantasy and related programs. It was available on Foxtel, Austar and Optus Television subscription platforms.

In 2012, the channel rebranded from Sci Fi to SF. The channel used a world-exclusive version of the "Syfy" branding, SF being a joint venture between NBCUniversal (the owners of the Syfy brand), Sony Pictures Television and CBS Studios International.

On 31 December 2013, SF ceased broadcasting and closed, being replaced by an Australian version of Syfy in 2014.
Goya Award for Best Sound
The Goya Award for Best Sound (Spanish: Premio Goya al mejor sonido) is one of the Goya Awards, Spain's principal national film awards. The category was first presented at the first edition of the Goya Awards with Bernardo Menz and Enrique Molinero being the first winners of the category for their work in Werther (1986). Gilles Ortion holds the record of most wins in this category winning eight times, followed by Alfonso Pino with seven wins.

At the European Film Awards, Oriol Tarragó won Best Sound Designer for A Monster Calls.

Werther (1986 film)
Werther is a 1986 Spanish drama film directed and co-written by Pilar Miró and starring Eusebio Poncela. It is a modern adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's 1774 novel The Sorrows of Young Werther. The film was entered into the main competition at the 43rd edition of the Venice Film Festival. It also won the award for best sound at the first edition of the Goya Awards.
ANC–Halfords
ANC–Halfords was a British-based professional team that was created in 1985 but folded in 1987 due to a lack of funds. The team used Peugeot cycles with Campagnolo components. ANC–Halfords was the last British-based team that rode the Tour de France until Barloworld was invited in 2007.

Campagnolo
Campagnolo is an Italian manufacturer of high-end bicycle components with headquarters in Vicenza, Italy. The components are organised as groupsets (gruppi), and are a near-complete collection of a bicycle's mechanical parts. Campagnolo's flagship components are the Super Record, Record, and Chorus groupsets with all three representing their recent shift to 12-speed drivetrains.  Super Record and Record are the top groupsets, followed by Chorus, Potenza, Centaur and Veloce. Campagnolo also produces aluminum and carbon wheels, as well as other components (like carbon fiber seat posts, and bottle-cages).