hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bączal Dolny
Bączal Dolny [ˈbɔnt͡ʂal ˈdɔlnɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skołyszyn, within Jasło County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

Bączal lies in the microregion mountain Liwocz the Carpathian Foothills.

Jasło County
Jasło County (Polish: powiat jasielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is Jasło, which lies 50 kilometres (31 mi) south-west of the regional capital Rzeszów. The only other town in the county is Kołaczyce, which is 8 km (5.0 mi) north of Jasło.

The county covers an area of 830.41 square kilometres (320.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population was 113,730, out of which the population of Jasło was 35,063,  that of Jasło was 1,409, and the rural population was 77,258.
Pisa Range
The Pisa Range is a mountain range in Central Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand. It lies on the western shore of the man-made Lake Dunstan and overlooks the town of Cromwell. Its highest point, Mount Pisa, is 1,963 m (6,440 feet).

John Turnbull Thomson
John Turnbull Thomson (10 August 1821 – 16 October 1884) was a British civil engineer and artist who played an instrumental role in the development of the early infrastructure of nineteenth-century Singapore and New Zealand. He lived the last 28 years of his life in New Zealand, and prior to that 15 years in the Malay Straits and Singapore.
Category of Markov kernels
In mathematics, the category of Markov kernels, often denoted Stoch, is the category whose objects are measurable spaces and whose morphisms are Markov kernels.

It is analogous to the category of sets and functions, but where the arrows can be interpreted as being stochastic.

Several variants of this category are used in the literature. For example, one can use subprobability kernels instead of probability kernels, or more general s-finite kernels.
Also, one can take as morphisms equivalence classes of Markov kernels under almost sure equality; see below.

S-finite measure
In measure theory, a branch of mathematics that studies generalized notions of volumes, an s-finite measure is a special type of measure. An s-finite measure is more general than a finite measure, but allows one to generalize certain proofs for finite measures.

The s-finite measures should not be confused with the σ-finite (sigma-finite) measures.
Les Clips Vol. III
Les Clips Vol. III is a VHS recorded by the French singer Mylène Farmer, containing all the singer's videoclips from 1989 to 1990. It was released in March 1990 in France.

In order to release a new video clips, Laurent Boutonnat decided to include the two live videos "Allan" and "Plus grandir", and had therefore deleted them from the video En Concert, which was scheduled to release a few weeks later. Despite its platinum certification, this VHS was the least-selling video, in comparison with the two previous VHS.

This VHS content is also included on the DVD Music Videos I.

Allan (song)
"Allan" is a 1988 song recorded by French singer-songwriter Mylène Farmer from her second album, Ainsi soit je... It was the first single from her first live album, En Concert, released in December 1989. The lyrics clearly refer to a fairy tale by Edgar Allan Poe, mentioning one of his characters. Although the single met with success in discothèques, its sales remained relatively low in comparison with Farmer's other singles.
ORP Orkan
Three ships of the Polish Navy have been named ORP Orkan (Polish: windstorm):

Orkan was the planned name for the second improved Grom-class destroyer.  She was never laid down; the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 interrupted her construction and the materials intended for her construction were scrapped or diverted.

ORP Orkan (G90), an M-class destroyer (formerly HMS Myrmidon) transferred to the free Polish Navy based in Britain in December 1942. She was sunk by U-378 on 8 October 1943 in the Barents Sea.

ORP Orkan (1992), an Orkan-class fast attack craft built in the German Democratic Republic for its navy and originally named Project 660.  After German reunification the unfinished hulls were bought by the Polish Navy and completed by Northern Shipyard in Gdańsk. Orkan is currently serving.

ORP Orkan (G90)
ORP Orkan, formerly HMS Myrmidon, was an M-class destroyer of the Polish Navy during World War II. Orkan is Polish for "hurricane".

The destroyer was sunk by the German submarine U-378 on 8 October 1943. There were 179 dead and 44 survivors. The sinking of Orkan was the biggest life loss of Polish Navy resulting from a single incident in its entire history.
USS Buckthorn
USS Buckthorn is a name used more than once by the U.S. Navy:

USS Buckthorn (1863), a screw steamer, built in 1863 at East Haddam, Connecticut.

USS Buckthorn (AN-14), a net laying ship laid down on 5 December 1940 at Alameda, California.

Net laying ship
A net laying ship, also known as a net layer, net tender, gate ship or boom defence vessel was a type of naval auxiliary ship.

A net layer's primary function was to lay and maintain steel anti-submarine nets or anti torpedo nets. Nets could be laid around an individual ship at anchor, or harbor entrances or dry docks, or other anchorages. Net laying was potentially dangerous work, and net laying seamen were experts at dealing with blocks, tackles, knots and splicing. As World War II progressed, net layers were pressed into a variety of additional roles including salvage, troop and cargo transport, buoy maintenance, and service as tugboats. Many of the ships were decommissioned after the war, but some continued in service for several more decades.

Net layers were eventually made redundant by advances in underwater detection technology.
Fadumo Ahmed Alin
Fadumo Ahmed Alin (Somali: Faadumo Axmed Caalin), often referred to by the nickname Cureeji was a Somali politician who served as the Assistant (Deputy) Minister of Education between 1974 and 1982. In 1962, she became the first Somali woman to complete a university degree.

Education minister
An education minister (sometimes minister of education) is a position in the governments of some countries responsible for dealing with educational matters. Where known, the government department, ministry, or agency that develops policy and delivers services relating to sports are listed; overseen by and responsible to the education minister. The first such ministry ever is considered to be the Commission of National Education (Polish: Komisja Edukacji Narodowej, Lithuanian: Edukacinė komisija) founded in 1773 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Arthur Hockaday
Sir Arthur Patrick Hockaday, KCB, CMG (17 March 1926 – 21 August 2004) was an English civil servant. Educated at St John's College, Oxford, he entered the civil service in 1949 as an Admiralty official. Between 1962 and 1965, he was private secretary to the Secretary of State for Defence. He was then seconded to NATO before returning to the Ministry of Defence in 1969 and then serving in the Cabinet Office from 1972 to 1973, when he was appointed deputy secretary for policy at the Ministry of Defence. He was then Second Permanent Secretary from 1976 to 1982. From 1982 to 1989, he was Director-General of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.

Permanent secretary
A permanent secretary is the most senior civil servant of a department or ministry charged with running the department or ministry's day-to-day activities. Permanent secretaries are the non-political civil service chief executives of government departments or ministries, who generally hold their position for a number of years (thus "permanent") at a ministry as distinct from the changing political secretaries of state to whom they report and provide advice. The role originated in the civil service of the United Kingdom and has been adopted in several Commonwealth countries as well as other countries influenced by the Westminster system.
Autovía AS-I
The AS-I is a highway in Asturias, Spain that connects Mieres and Gijón. It is also known as Autovía Minera because of its travel through the mining towns in Asturias like Mieres or Langreo, passing near La Camocha coal mine before finishing in Gijón.

The AS-I was made between 2000 and 2003 by the Government of the Principality of Asturias.

The last junctions opened were the Enlace de Ceares in Gijón, in 2007, and the one in Pola de Siero.

Langreo
Langreo (Spanish pronunciation: [laŋˈɡɾeo]) or Llangréu (Asturian pronunciation: [ʎaŋˈɣɾew], locally [ʎaŋˈɣɾeo]) (Asturian) is a town and municipality in the Principality of Asturias in Spain. With a population of 38,265 as of 2024, it is the 4th-largest municipality of Asturias.

Langreo is located in the centre of Asturias, approximately 20 kilometres (12 miles) south-east of Oviedo. It was an important mining and metallurgical center.
Juventud Aprista Peruana
The Peruvian Aprista Youth (Spanish: Juventud Aprista Peruana, JAP) is the youth wing of Peruvian Aprista Party (APRA) in Peru for members aged 25 and under. The organization shares the same values and policies as its parent political party with branches being an integrated part of local associations. College and university branches are not included, but run independently.

Youth wing
A youth wing is a subsidiary, autonomous, or independently allied front of a larger organization (usually a political party but occasionally another type of organization) that is formed in order to rally support for that organization from members and potential members of a younger age, as well as to focus on subjects and issues more widely relevant among that organization's youth. Youth wings may also be discussion forums for younger members and supporters of the organization to debate policy and ideology.
Lake Hopkins
Lake Hopkins is a salt lake in the east of Western Australia very close to the Northern Territory border. It is located to the west of Lake Neale, which together with Lake Amadeus forms part of a chain of salt lakes that stretches about 500 km (310 mi), from Lake Hopkins in the west to the Finke River in the east. This drainage basin is known as the Amadeus Basin. The lake is usually a dry salt pan, and only holds water for short periods after heavy rainfall. Lake Hopkins has an elevation of 441 metres (1447 feet) above mean sea level.
The lake proved to be quite an obstacle to progress for Len Beadell during construction of the Sandy Blight Junction Road in 1960.

Len Beadell
Leonard Beadell OAM BEM FIEMS (21 April 1923 – 12 May 1995) was a surveyor, road builder, bushman, artist and author, responsible for constructing over 6,000 km (3,700 mi) of roads and opening up isolated desert areas – some 2.5 million square kilometres (970 thousand square miles) – of central Australia from 1947 to 1963. Born in West Pennant Hills, New South Wales, Beadell is sometimes called "the last true Australian explorer".
1st Reserve Infantry Division of Beijing
The 1st Reserve Infantry Division of Beijing(Chinese: 北京陆军预备役步兵第1师) was a reserve infantry formation of the People's Liberation Army.

The formation of the division started in September 1983. The division was formally activated on February 1, 1985.

The division was then composed of:

1st Regiment  - Tong County, Beijing

2nd Regiment - Shunyi, Beijing

3rd Regiment

Artillery Regiment - Pinggu, Beijing

Tank Regiment - Huairou, Beijing

Tank Regiment, 1st Reserve Infantry Division was deactivated in October 1986.

The division, combined with the 2nd Reserve Infantry Division of Beijing, reorganized into the Reserve Antiaircraft Artillery Division of Beijing Guard District in March 1999.

Tongzhou, Beijing
Tongzhou (Chinese: 通州; pinyin: Tōngzhōu), historically romanized as Tong-Choo-Foo in 18th-century British accounts,
is a district of Beijing. It is located in southeast Beijing and considered the eastern gateway to the nation's capital. Downtown Tongzhou itself lies around 20 km (12 mi) east of central Beijing, at the northern end of the Grand Canal (on the junction between the Tonghui Canal and the Northern Canal) and at the easternmost end of Chang'an Avenue. The entire district covers an area of 906 km2 (350 sq mi), or 6% of Beijing's total area. It had a population of 673,952 at the 2000 Census, and has seen significant growth and development since then, growing to a population of 1,184,000 at the 2010 Census and 1,840,295 at the 2020 census. The district is subdivided into four subdistricts, ten towns, and one ethnic township.
Suyang station (Fuzhou Metro)
Suyang station (Chinese: 苏洋站; pinyin: Sūyáng zhàn; Fuzhounese: [su˥˥ yoŋ˥˧]) is a metro station on Line 2 of the Fuzhou Metro in Suyang Village, Minhou County, Fuzhou. It is the current western terminus on the line and located on the east of Zhuqi Depot, a depot of the line, and the north of G316 highway. It was opened on April 26, 2019.

Fuzhou Metro
The Fuzhou Metro (simplified Chinese: 福州地铁; traditional Chinese: 福州地鐵; pinyin: Fúzhōu Dìtiě) is a rapid transit system in Fuzhou Metropolitan Area, Fujian Province, China. The first line was planned to open in 2014. Due to the construction difficulties and accidental archaeologic finding, the southern section (9.76 km (6.06 mi)) was delayed to 2016 and the northern section (15.13 km (9.40 mi)) was delayed to 2017. Currently, the Fuzhou Metro Network consists of five lines. They are operated by Fuzhou Metro Group (Lines 1, 4, 5, 6), and Fuzhou CETC Rail Transit Company (Line 2), respectively.

Fuzhou Metro was approved for construction on 3 June 2009. Trial service closed to the public began on 30 December 2015 and lasted for three months. The first operational line (the south section of Line 1 from Sanchajie Station to Fuzhou South Railway Station) started service on 18 May 2016. As of January 2024, Fuzhou Metro has 167.5 km of route and 119 stations open to service.
State Highway 248 (Maharashtra)
Maharashtra State Highway 248 is a State highway that runs from Nagpur in north west direction through Nagpur, and touches Warud north east of Amravati districts in the state of Maharashtra.  This state highway touches numerous cities and villages VIZ. Nagpur, Kalmeshwar, Katol, Jalalkheda and Warud.

Kalameshwar
Kalameshwar-Bramhani is a city and a municipal council also a major Industrial hub in Nagpur district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.  It is connected to National Highways NH-353I, NH-353J and NH-547E.
Exact functor
In mathematics, particularly homological algebra, an exact functor is a functor that preserves short exact sequences. Exact functors are convenient for algebraic calculations because they can be directly applied to presentations of objects. Much of the work in homological algebra is designed to cope with functors that fail to be exact, but in ways that can still be controlled.

Module (mathematics)
In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a (not necessarily commutative) ring. The concept of a module also generalizes the notion of an abelian group, since the abelian groups are exactly the modules over the ring of integers.

Like a vector space, a module is an additive abelian group, and scalar multiplication is distributive over the operations of addition between elements of the ring or module and is compatible with the ring multiplication.

Modules are very closely related to the representation theory of groups. They are also one of the central notions of commutative algebra and homological algebra, and are used widely in algebraic geometry and algebraic topology.
Jaya Varma Sinha
Jaya Varma Sinha ( born 18 September 1963) is the former Chairperson of Railway Board (India) of the Indian Railways.

Sinha assumed office on 1 September 2023 becoming the first female Chairperson of the Railway Board in its 118-years history and served there till 31 August 2024. She became a member of the Central Administrative Tribunal upon her retirement from Railway Board for a term 4 years .

Central Administrative Tribunal
The Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) is a quasi judicial body set up under the Central Administrative Tribunal Act to resolve the grievances of Central Government employees and State Government employees of India in a speedy and effective way.
Capreomycin
Capreomycin is an antibiotic which is given in combination with other antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis. Specifically it is a second line treatment used for active drug resistant tuberculosis. It is given by injection into a vein or muscle.

Common side effects include kidney problems, hearing problems, poor balance, and pain at the site of injection. Other side effects include paralysis resulting in the inability to breathe. It is not recommended with streptomycin or other medications that may damage the auditory vestibular nerve. It is not recommended during pregnancy as it may cause kidney or hearing problems in the baby. Capreomycin is commonly grouped with the aminoglycoside family of medications.  How it works is unclear.

Capreomycin was discovered from Streptomyces capreolus in 1960. It was removed from the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines in 2019.

Paralysis
Paralysis (pl.: paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles. Paralysis can also be accompanied by a loss of feeling (sensory loss) in the affected area if there is sensory damage. In the United States, roughly 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed with some form of permanent or transient paralysis. The word "paralysis" derives from the Greek παράλυσις, meaning "disabling of the nerves" from παρά (para) meaning "beside, by" and λύσις (lysis) meaning "making loose". A paralysis accompanied by involuntary tremors is usually called "palsy".
Cathy Honan
Catherine Honan (born 16 September 1951) is a former Progressive Democrats politician from County Laois in Ireland. She was a Senator from 1993 to 1997.

An accountant before entering politics, she stood unsuccessfully as a Progressive Democrats candidate for Dáil Éireann in the Laois–Offaly constituency at four successive general elections: 1987, 1989, 1992 and 1997. After her 1992 defeat, she was elected to the 20th Seanad by the Industrial and Commercial Panel; this was facilitated by an electoral pact with Democratic Left. She did not contest the 1997 Seanad election.

1989 Irish general election
The 1989 Irish general election to the 26th Dáil was held on Thursday, 15 June, three weeks after the dissolution of the 25th Dáil on 25 May by President Patrick Hillery, on the request of Taoiseach Charles Haughey. The general election took place in 41 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 166 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas, on the same day as the European Parliament election.

The 26th Dáil met at Leinster House on 29 June to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland. No government was formed on that date, but on 12 July, Haughey was re-appointed Taoiseach, forming the 21st government of Ireland, a coalition government of Fianna Fáil and the Progressive Democrats.
1964 NAIA soccer championship
The 1964 NAIA Soccer Championship was the sixth annual tournament held by the NAIA to determine the national champion of men's college soccer among its members in the United States.

Trenton State defeated Lincoln (PA) in the final, 3–0, to claim the Lions' first NAIA national title.

The final was played at Montclair State College in Upper Montclair, New Jersey.

Lincoln (Pennsylvania) Lions
The Lincoln Lions are the athletic teams that represent Lincoln University, located near Oxford in Chester County, Pennsylvania, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports.

The Lions compete as full members of the Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association. LU was an original member of the CIAA between 1912 and 1980 and then rejoined in 2008.
2012 Women's European Water Polo Championship squads
This article shows all participating team squads at the 2012 Women's European Water Polo Championship held at the Pieter van den Hoogenband Swim Stadium in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, from 18 to 28 January 2012.

Pieter van den Hoogenband
Pieter Cornelis Martijn van den Hoogenband (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpitər vɑn də(n) ˈɦoːɣə(m)ˌbɑnt]; born 14 March 1978) is a Dutch retired swimmer. He is a triple Olympic champion and former world record holder.
1979 U.S. Pro Indoor – Doubles
Bob Hewitt and Frew McMillan were the defending champions, but Hewitt did not participate this year.  McMillan partnered Bob Carmichael, losing in the semifinals.

Wojtek Fibak and Tom Okker won the title, defeating Peter Fleming and John McEnroe 5–7, 6–1, 6–3 in the final.

Tom Okker
Thomas Samuel Okker (born 22 February 1944), nicknamed "the Flying Dutchman", is a Dutch former tennis player who was active from the mid-1960s until 1980. He won the 1973 French Open Doubles, the 1976 US Open Doubles, and two gold medals at the 1965 Maccabiah Games in Israel. He was ranked among the world's top-ten singles players for seven consecutive years, 1968–74, reaching a career high of world No. 3 in 1974. He also was ranked world No. 1 in doubles in 1979.
Paul Donato
Paul J. Donato (born October 27, 1941, in Boston) is an American politician who currently represents the 35th Middlesex District in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He previously served as a member of the Medford, Massachusetts, school committee from 1972 to 1975 and the city council from 1976 to 1985 and again from 1996 to 2000. While serving on the council, Donato also served as deputy mayor from 1978 to 1979, mayor from 1980 to 1985, and council president from 1999 to 2000.

Medford, Massachusetts
Medford is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. At the time of the 2020 United States census, Medford's population was 59,659. It is home to Tufts University, which has its campus on both sides of the Medford and Somerville border.
2013 Gerry Weber Open – Doubles
Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi and Jean-Julien Rojer were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Kei Nishikori and Milos Raonic.
Santiago González and Scott Lipsky won the title, defeating Daniele Bracciali and Jonathan Erlich in the final, 6–2, 7–6(7–3).

Jonathan Erlich
Jonathan Dario "Yoni" Erlich (Hebrew: יונתן דאריו "יוני" ארליך; born 5 April 1977) is an Israeli former professional tennis player. During his career, he was mainly a doubles specialist, having won the men's doubles title at the 2008 Australian Open with Andy Ram. He attained his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 5 in July 2008. Erlich has reached 44 doubles finals and won 22 (half of them), mostly with partner Andy Ram; together, they are known in Israel as "Andyoni". His Davis Cup doubles record, as of 2018, was 22–12.
Lenawee County Railroad
The Lenawee County Railroad was a shortline railroad in the state of Michigan. It was incorporated in 1977 to operate a former Penn Central line serving Adrian, Michigan, and eventually operated 30 miles (48 km) of lines in Lenawee County, Michigan. The company ceased operations in 1990. The Adrian and Blissfield Rail Road, founded in 1991, operates over some of the company's lines.

Trains (magazine)
Trains is a monthly magazine about trains and railroads aimed at railroad enthusiasts and railroad industry employees. The magazine primarily covers railroad happenings in the United States and Canada, but has some articles on railroading elsewhere.

It was founded as Trains in 1940 by publisher Al C. Kalmbach and editorial director Linn Westcott. From October 1951 to March 1954, the magazine was named Trains and Travel. Jim Wrinn, a former reporter and editor at the Charlotte Observer, served as the longest-served editor from 2004 until his death in 2022.

Trains was long among the 11 magazines published by Kalmbach Media, based in Waukesha, Wisconsin. In May 2024, Kalmbach Media sold Trains, along with other railroad and astronomy-related publications to Firecrown Media.