hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Z. Josh Huang
Zuoshi Josh Huang (Chinese: 黄佐实) is a Chinese-American neuroscientist known for his contributions to the genetic dissection of neural circuitry in the cerebral cortex through systematic mapping of its cellular components. He is Distinguished Professor of Neuroscience in the Department of Neurobiology and Biomedical Engineering at the Duke University School of Medicine. Huang is an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Duke University School of Medicine
The Duke University School of Medicine, commonly known as Duke Med, is the medical school of Duke University. It was established in 1925 by James B. Duke.

The School of Medicine, along with the Duke University School of Nursing, Duke University Hospital, Duke Regional Hospital, Duke Children's Hospital, Duke Raleigh Hospital, and other affiliated hospitals, clinics, and laboratories, make up the Duke University Health System.

Clinical rotations by medical students and residents occur within the Duke University Health System, a fully integrated academic health care system encompassing a tertiary-care hospital and specialty clinics on the Medical Center campus, two community hospitals, a VA hospital, home health and hospice services, a network of primary care physicians, and other affiliated partners across the SE United States.
Roya Nonahali
Roya Nonahali (Persian: رویا نونهالی; born February 13, 1963) is an Iranian actress and director. She studied painting, and has worked in theatre since 1984. Nonahali started film acting with The Beloved Is at Home (1987, by Khosrow Sinai). Then she was selected by Mohsen Makhmalbaf for Marriage of the Blessed and received a Crystal Simorgh for Best Actress from Fajr International Film Festival. Her performance in Smell of Camphor, Fragrance of Jasmine was awarded with the Best Supporting Actress award at the festival. She started acting in TV programs by Asleep & Awake in 2001. In 2019 she referee's in first Iranian Talent Show called Asre Jadid produced by Ehsan Alikhani.

Smell of Camphor, Scent of Jasmine
Smell of Camphor, Fragrance of Jasmine, or Booye Kafoor, Atre Yas (Persian: بوی کافور، عطر ياس), is an Iranian film written by, directed by and starring Bahman Farmanara, released in 2000. The film is a comedy with fantasy sequences about a filmmaker similar to himself. It was Farmanara's first contribution to Iranian cinema in two decades.
Villasanta Parco railway station
Villasanta Parco railway station is a railway station in Italy. Located on the Monza–Molteno railway, it serves the municipality of Villasanta in Lombardy. The train services are operated by Trenord. The original name was La Santa-Villa San Fiorano.

Until 11 December 2022 it was called "Villasanta".

Monza–Molteno railway
The Monza–Molteno railway is a railway line in Lombardy, Italy.

The line was opened as a private railway on 14 October 1911.

The only train service is the S7 Milano-Monza-Molteno-Lecco line of Milan suburban railway service.

Monza is connected to Lecco  with another railway, the main railway Milano-Monza-Carnate-Lecco, shorter and faster with a larger number of trains; Milano-Monza-Molteno-Lecco train ("Treno dei Tre Parchi", Train of the Three Parks) runs through a longer, slower route across the hilly area of Brianza - Colli Briantei - the countryside, near beautiful meadows, torrents and rivers, woods, fields, small lake and high mountains close to Lecco, and old small towns with palaces of nobility and places of history, culture, and art.
Minsk Hero City Obelisk
Minsk Hero City Obelisk is a 45 meters tall monument in the shape of an obelisk located on Victors Avenue in Minsk, Belarus. The Obelisk is dedicated to the fact that Minsk was declared a Hero City on 26 June 1974 for its people's bravery during the Nazi occupation that lasted for 1,100 days. The Obelisk was opened in 1985, commemorating the 40th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War.

Great Patriotic War (term)
The Great Patriotic War is a term used in Russia (and formerly the Soviet Union) and some other post-Soviet states to describe the Eastern Front of World War II, fought primarily between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany between 22 June 1941 and 9 May 1945. For some legal purposes, this period may be extended to 11 May 1945 to include the end of the Prague offensive.
Vanadium oxydichloride
Vanadium oxydichloride is the inorganic compound with the formula VOCl2.   One of several oxychlorides of vanadium, it is a hygroscopic green solid.  It is prepared by comproportionation of vanadium trichloride and vanadium(V) oxides:

V2O5  +  VOCl3  +  3 VCl3  →  6 VOCl2

As verified by X-ray crystallography, vanadium oxydichloride adopts a layered structure, featuring octahedral vanadium centers linked by doubly bridging oxide and chloride ligands.

From VOCl2, various blue or green-colored oxotri- and oxotetrachloride salts can be prepared.  Examples include N(CH3)4VOCl3 and the pyridinium derivative (C5H5NH)2VOCl4.

Pyridinium
Pyridinium refers to the cation [C5H5NH]+. It is the conjugate acid of pyridine. Many related cations are known involving substituted pyridines, e.g. picolines, lutidines, collidines. They are prepared by treating pyridine with acids.

As pyridine is often used as an organic base in chemical reactions, pyridinium salts are produced in many acid-base reactions. Its salts are often insoluble in the organic solvent, so precipitation of the pyridinium leaving group complex is an indication of the progress of the reaction.

Pyridinium cations are aromatic, as determined through Hückel's rule. They are isoelectronic with benzene.
Cytochrome P450 engineering
This article covers protein engineering of cytochrome (CYP) P450 enzymes. P450s are involved in a range of biochemical catabolic and anabolic process. Natural P450s can perform several different types of chemical reactions including hydroxylations, N,O,S-dealkylations, epoxidations, sulfoxidations, aryl-aryl couplings, ring contractions and expansions, oxidative cyclizations, alcohol/aldehyde oxidations, desaturations, nitrogen oxidations, decarboxylations, nitrations, as well as oxidative and reductive dehalogenations. Engineering efforts often strive for 1) improved stability 2) improved activity 3) improved substrate scope 4) enabled ability to catalyze unnatural reactions.
P450 engineering is an emerging field in the areas of chemical biology and synthetic organic chemistry (chemoenzymatic).

Cross-coupling reaction
In organic chemistry, a cross-coupling reaction is a reaction where two different fragments are joined. Cross-couplings are a subset of the more general coupling reactions. Often cross-coupling reactions require metal catalysts. One important reaction type is this:

R, R' = organic fragments, usually aryl;
M = main group center such as Li or Mg;
X = halide

These reactions are used to form carbon–carbon bonds but also carbon-heteroatom bonds.  Cross-coupling reaction are a subset of coupling reactions.

Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions.
Jack Whicher
Detective Inspector Jonathan   Whicher (1 October 1814 – 29 June 1881) was an English police detective. He was one of the original eight members of London's newly formed Detective Branch, which was established at Scotland Yard in 1842. During his career, Whicher earned a reputation among the finest in Europe.

In 1860, he was involved in investigating the Constance Kent murder case, which was the subject of Kate Summerscale's 2008 book The Suspicions of Mr Whicher, as well as the film of the same name. He was one of the inspirations for Charles Dickens’s Inspector Bucket, Colin Dexter’s Inspector Morse, Wilkie Collins's Sergeant Cuff and R. D. Wingfield's Jack Frost, among other fictional detectives.

Jack Frost (detective)
Detective Inspector William Edward "Jack" Frost, GC QPM, is a fictional detective created by R. D. Wingfield—characterised as sloppy, untidy, hopeless with paperwork—but unmatched at solving mysteries. The character has appeared in two radio plays, ten published novels, and a TV series spanning 42 episodes between 1992 and 2010.

"Jack" is a nickname, alluding to Jack Frost.
Hundido En Un Rincón
"Hundido En Un Rincón" (English: Depressed in a corner) is the second radio single and the third track from Maná's fourth studio album, Cuando los Ángeles Lloran in 1995. On the week of October 7, 1995 the song debuted at number twenty-five on the U.S. Billboard Hot Latin Tracks and after two weeks later on October 21, 1995 it reach to its highest point at the number twelve spot for only one week. It would stayed for a total of 6 weeks.

Cuando los Ángeles Lloran
Cuando Los Ángeles Lloran (English: When the Angels Cry) is the eighth album and fourth studio album  by  Mexican rock band Maná. It was the first album to feature their new guitarist Sergio Vallín replacing Ulises Calleros & César "Vampiro" López. As of 1996, it has sold over 1.5 million copies.

The album, which marked a clear evolution in Maná's compositions, was recorded between Los Angeles and Puerto Vallarta throughout 1994, although its release was postponed to 1995. The singles that accompanied the release of the album, Déjame entrar, No ha parado de llover and Como un perro had a great impact on radio stations and the videos that accompanied them received numerous awards for their technical and aesthetic quality.

Cuando Los Ángeles Lloran was nominated for a 1996 Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Performance.

The song that gave its name to the album is in recognition of Chico Mendes, a Brazilian environmentalist who was murdered.
Pearse Doherty
Pearse Daniel Doherty (born 6 July 1977) is an Irish Sinn Féin politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Donegal constituency since the 2016 general election, and previously a TD for the Donegal South-West constituency from 2010 to 2016. He also previously served as a Senator for the Agricultural Panel from 2007 to 2010.

2002 Irish general election
The 2002 Irish general election to the 29th Dáil was held on Friday, 17 May, just over three weeks after the dissolution of the 28th Dáil on Thursday, 25 April by President Mary McAleese, at the request of the Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern. The general election took place in 42 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 166 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas, with a revision of constituencies since the last election under the Electoral (Amendment) (No. 2) Act 1998. The outgoing minority Fianna Fáil–Progressive Democrat administration was returned with a majority of 10.

The 29th Dáil met at Leinster House on Thursday, 6 June to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland. Bertie Ahern was re-appointed Taoiseach, forming the 26th government of Ireland, a majority coalition government of Fianna Fáil and the Progressive Democrats.
Eddie Files
Charles Edward Files (May 19, 1883 – May 10, 1954) was an American baseball pitcher who made two appearances, both in relief, for the Philadelphia Athletics during the 1908 Philadelphia Athletics season. He went to win 20 games for the Holyoke Papermakers in 1909, in his only full season at the minor league level. A Maine native, Files was born in Portland and died in Cornish. He is buried in Riverside Cemetery in Cornish. He attended Bowdoin College.

Holyoke Paperweights
The Holyoke Paperweights were a professional minor league baseball team based in Holyoke, Massachusetts, USA, that played in the now defunct Connecticut League from 1903 to 1911.  From 1907 to 1911, they were also known as the Papermakers. The team won the league pennant of the 1905 and 1907 seasons. The Paperweights and Papermakers were preceded by the 1884 Holyoke team of the Massachusetts State Association.

In June 1911, the Connecticut League ejected the Northampton and Holyoke clubs for "failure to pay their debts."
Dale Tryon, Baroness Tryon
Dale Elizabeth Tryon, Baroness Tryon (née Harper; 3 January 1948 – 15 November 1997) was a socialite and a successful businesswoman in the international fashion world. She created the fashion label "Kanga" and the couture line "The Dale Tryon Collection". "Kanga" also came to be her own nickname. Tryon gave her support to a number of charities including SANE—the mental health charity of which she was the chairwoman. She was a close friend of King Charles III (then Prince of Wales).

Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease
Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease (LCPD) or idiopathic avascular necrosis of the hip is a childhood hip disorder initiated by a disruption of blood flow to the head of the femur. Due to the lack of blood flow, the bone dies (osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis) and stops growing. Over time, healing occurs by new blood vessels infiltrating the dead bone and removing the necrotic bone which leads to a loss of bone mass and a weakening of the femoral head.

The condition is most commonly found in children between the ages of 4 and 8, but it can occur in children between the ages of 2 and 15. It can produce a permanent deformity of the femoral head, which increases the risk of developing osteoarthritis in adults. Perthes is a form of osteochondritis which affects only the hip. Bilateral Perthes, which means both hips are affected, should always be investigated to rule out multiple epiphyseal dysplasia.
Burbank, Washington
Burbank is a census-designated place (CDP) in Walla Walla County, Washington, United States, where the Snake River meets the Columbia. The population was 3,291 at the 2010 census. Named for Luther Burbank, the city is located just east of Pasco and Kennewick, across the Snake and Columbia Rivers, respectively. Burbank is part of the Tri-Cities, WA urban area, despite being located in the Walla Walla metropolitan area (which includes all of Walla Walla and Columbia counties).

Walla Walla, Washington
Walla Walla (/ˌwɑːlə ˈwɑːlə/ WAH-lə WAH-lə) is a city in and the county seat of Walla Walla County, Washington, United States. It had a population of 34,060 at the 2020 census, estimated to have decreased to 33,339 as of 2023. The combined population of the city and its two suburbs, the town of College Place and unincorporated Walla Walla East, is about 45,500.

Walla Walla is in the southeastern region of Washington, approximately four hours away from Portland, Oregon, and four and a half hours from Seattle. It is located only 6 mi (10 km) north of the Oregon border.
Pajaka Landscape Conservation Area
Pajaka Landscape Conservation Area is a nature park which is located in Rapla County, Estonia.

The area of the nature park is 202 ha.

The protected area was founded in 1958 to protect oak-spruce mixed forest at Hiie Farmstead (Märjamaa Parish). In 2006, the protected area was designated to the landscape conservation area.

Nature park
A nature park, or sometimes natural park, is a designation for a protected area by means of long-term land planning, sustainable resource management and limitation of agricultural and real estate developments. These valuable landscapes are preserved in their present ecological state and promoted for ecotourism purposes.

In most countries nature parks are subject to legally regulated protection, which is part of their conservation laws.

In terms of level of protection, a category "Nature Park" is not the same as a "National Park", which is defined by the IUCN and its World Commission on Protected Areas as a category II protected area. 
A "Nature Park" designation, depending on local specifics, falls between category III and category VI according to IUCN categorization, in most cases closer to category VI.
However some nature parks have later been turned into national parks.
Egino IV, Count of Urach
Egino IV (German: Egino der Bärtige; c. 1160 – 12 January 1230), also written as Egeno or Egon, and called the Bearded, was Count of Urach from 1181 to 1230 and co-ruler of the County of Frieburg with his son Egino V from 1218 to 1230.

Principality of Fürstenberg
Fürstenberg was a county (German: Grafschaft), and later a principality (Fürstentum), of the Holy Roman Empire in Swabia, which was located in present-day southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Its ruling family was the House of Fürstenberg.
Oramed
Oramed Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Hebrew: אורמד), is a publicly traded company engaged in the development of oral drug delivery systems – most notably an oral insulin capsule for treating type 2 diabetes. The company was founded in 2006 and is headquartered in Jerusalem. Its shares are listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market and the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange.

Route of administration
In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body.

Routes of administration are generally classified by the  location at which the substance is applied.  Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is.  Action may be topical (local), enteral (system-wide effect, but delivered through the gastrointestinal tract), or parenteral (systemic action, but is delivered by routes other than the GI tract). Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery.
Jirjis al-Makin Ibn al-'Amid
Jirjis al-Makīn (Arabic: جرجس المكين; 1206–after 1280, maybe 1293), known by his nasab Ibn al-ʿAmīd (Arabic: ابن العميد), was a Coptic Christian historian who wrote in Arabic. His name is sometimes anglicised as George Elmacin (Latin: Georgius Elmacinus).

Arabic name
Arabic names have historically been based on a long naming system. Many people from Arabic-speaking and also non-Arab Muslim countries have not had given, middle, and family names but rather a chain of names. This system remains in use throughout the Arab and Muslim worlds.
Gul bara
Gul bara is a tables game, an ancient genre of board games that includes Backgammon, Trictrac and Nard. It is also called Rosespring Backgammon or Crazy Narde. The aim of the game is to move all of one's men around the board and bear them off. The first player who bears off all their men wins. The game is popular in Bulgaria, Azerbaijan, Greece, Turkey and North Macedonia.

Nard (game)
Nard (Persian: نرد, also narde or nardshir; from Middle Persian: nywʾlthšyl nēw-ardaxšīr) is a historical Persian tables game for two players that is sometimes considered ancestral to backgammon. It is still played today, albeit in a different form. As in other tables games, the playing pieces are moved around a board according to rolls of dice. It uses a standard tables board, but has a different opening layout and rules of play from that of backgammon.
Centerville, Winona County, Minnesota
Centerville is an unincorporated community in Wilson Township, Winona County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located along Winona County Road 12, near its junction with Blackberry Road.

State Highways 43 (MN 43) and 76 (MN 76); and Interstate 90 are also nearby.

Centerville is located within ZIP code 55987, based in Winona.  Nearby places include Winona, Wilson, Witoka, and Ridgeway.

Interstate 90 in Minnesota
Interstate 90 (I-90) in the US state of Minnesota runs for 276 miles (444 km) across the southern side of the state, parallel to the Iowa state line. The route connects the cities of Worthington, Albert Lea, Austin, and Rochester. The city of Winona is also in close proximity to I-90, with about 10 miles (16 km) between the Interstate and the city.
Ernest Alexander (politician)
Ernest Edward Alexander (1872–1946) was Conservative MP for Leyton East.

He first contested the seat in 1918, won it in 1922, lost it to Labour in 1923, won it back in 1924, and lost it to Labour again in 1929.

Leyton East (UK Parliament constituency)
Leyton East was a parliamentary constituency in the Municipal Borough of Leyton, then part of Essex but now in Greater London.

It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.
Claudio Barigozzi
Claudio Barigozzi (1909 – 5 August 1996) was an Italian biologist and geneticist.

Barigozzi taught genetics at the University of Milan in 1948, and was a scholar of the transmission of hereditary traits using Drosophila and  Artemia as model organisms.

An adviser of the Centro Lombardo per l'incremento della Orto-floro-frutticoltura in Minoprio, Italy, he promoted genetic research as a member of the Italian National Research Council's committee for the study of genetics in 1961, of the scientific board of the National Genetics Centre in Rome in 1963, and other Italian and foreign academies. His more proficient pupils include the geneticists Ercole Ottaviano, Giuseppe Gavazzi, and Alessandro Camussi.

Heredity
Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents. Through heredity, variations between individuals can accumulate and cause species to evolve by natural selection. The study of heredity in biology is genetics.
Walter M. Brackett
Walter M. Brackett (June 14, 1823 – March 4, 1919), was an American painter and the younger brother of sculptor Edward A. Brackett. Brackett was born in Unity, Maine. He spent most of his professional career in Boston, Massachusetts, exhibiting his work at the Boston Athenaeum, the Apollo Association, and the National Academy of Design. He was one of the artists engaged by Secretary of War William W. Belknap in the early 1870s to execute portraits of the line of succession of the secretaries, and he painted the portraits of Timothy Pickering, Samuel Dexter, William Eustis, and Henry Dearborn, all prominent residents of his native state. He was also a noted painter of fish, and was tasked with repainting the Sacred Cod of Massachusetts in 1898.

Brackett died in Boston on March 4, 1919.

Henry Dearborn
Henry Dearborn (February 23, 1751 – June 6, 1829) was an American military officer and politician. In the Revolutionary War, he served under Benedict Arnold in his expedition to Quebec, of which his journal provides an important record. After being captured and exchanged, he served in George Washington's Continental Army. He was present at the British surrender at Yorktown. Dearborn served on General George Washington's staff in Virginia.

He served as Secretary of War under President Thomas Jefferson, from 1801 to 1809, and served as a commanding general in the War of 1812. In later life, his criticism of General Israel Putnam's performance at the Battle of Bunker Hill caused a major controversy. Fort Dearborn and Dearborn Park in Illinois, Dearborn County, Indiana, and  Dearborn, Michigan, were named in his honor.
Janine Alder
Janine Alder (born 5 July 1995) is a Swiss ice hockey goaltender and member of the Swiss national ice hockey team, currently playing with the Thurgau Ladies of the Swiss Women's League. She has represented Switzerland at many international tournaments, including at the Winter Olympics in 2014 and 2018. At the 2014 Games, she won the bronze medal after Switzerland defeated Sweden in the bronze medal game.

Alder played four years of college ice hockey with the St. Cloud State Huskies women's ice hockey program in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) conference of the NCAA Division I.

Women's League (Switzerland)
The Women's League, also known as the PostFinance Women's League (PFWL) for sponsorship reasons, is the premier ice hockey league in the Swiss Women's Hockey League (SWHL) system. The league was founded in 1986 as the Leistungsklasse A, abbreviated LKA, and was also officially known as the Ligue nationale A in French and the Lega Nazionale A in Italian, both abbreviated as LNA. During 2014 to 2019, the league was called the Swiss Women's Hockey League A, abbreviated SWHL A; the abbreviation has been used by the league following the 2019 name change. An amateur league, it is organized by the Regio League, an organ of the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation.