hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
R. M. Pitchappan
R. M. Pitchappan or Ramasamy Pitchappan, Ph.D., F.A.Sc., F.A.M.S. (born 1946), is an Indian biologist known for his studies on immunogenetics and infectious diseases. He was a professor in the School of Biological Sciences (SBS) of the Madurai Kamaraj University (MKU). In addition, Pitchappan held the positions of director, Educational Medical Research Centre, director-research, Chettinad University, Chennai, and adjunct professor, ICMR Andaman Nicobar Islands. He also held the position of the vice-president of the Nilgiri Adivasi Welfare Association in Kotagiri, Nilgiris, and as an advisor to the ancient DNA programme of Government of Tamil Nadu.

Nilgiri Mountains
The Nilgiri Mountains (Tamil: [n̪iːlɐɡiɾi], English: /ˈniːlgɪri/) form a part of the Western Ghats in northwestern Tamil Nadu, southern Karnataka and eastern Kerala in South India. They are located at the trijunction of the three states and connect the Western Ghats to the Eastern Ghats. The range consists of at least 24 peaks above 2,000 m (6,600 ft), with Doddabetta being the highest at 2,637 m (8,652 ft).
Toby Cruse
Toby John Cruse (born 16 October 1980) is a British talent agent, artist manager, concert promoter, theatre producer, entrepreneur and professional musician. He is founder and CEO of Worldwide Entertainment, incorporating Worldwide Talent, Worldwide Live and Manhattan Music. He also works as a celebrity booking agent.

Leo Sayer
Leo Sayer (born Gerard Hugh Sayer, 21 May 1948) is an English and Australian singer and songwriter who has been active since the early 1970s. He has been an Australian citizen and resident since 2009.

Sayer launched his career in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s and became a top singles and album act, on both sides of the Atlantic, in that decade. His first seven UK hit singles reached the top 10 – a feat first accomplished by his first manager, Adam Faith. His songs have been sung by other notable artists, including Cliff Richard, Roger Daltrey, and Three Dog Night.

In 1978, his song "You Make Me Feel Like Dancing" became a Grammy Award winner as that year's Best R&B Song.
Hampton Island
Hampton Island is part of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and the southernmost island in the Cole Islands group and National Park and is about 100 km south-east of Cape Melville, Queensland. It is around 28 hectares or 0.28 square km in size.

Cape Melville
Cape Melville is a headland on the eastern coast of the Cape York Peninsula in Australia. To its west lies Princess Charlotte Bay. It is part of the Cape Melville National Park. Cape Melville was named Stoney Cape in 1815 by Lieutenant Charles Jeffreys on the HM Kangaroo but later renamed by him as Cape Melville

Pipon Island is about six km north of the cape and Hales Island about two km east, both part of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. King Island lies several kilometres to the north west of the cape.  The highest peak on the cape is Abbey Peak, which named in 1901 by Commander Munro. R.N.,  while aboard HMS Dart.

The cape consists of granite outcrops which formed 250 million years ago.
Culture of Namibia
Culture in Namibia is a blend of many different people and its culture and customs have absorbed both African and European elements and fused them into a blend of the two. Although the country is urbanising rapidly, a majority of Namibians still live in rural areas and lead largely impoverished lives. It is among these people, however, that cultural tradition survive most strongly.

One of the sparsest populated countries in the world, Namibia's different cultures span an impressively diverse population, from the Bantu-speaking Ovambo and Herero tribes (the latter of which are admired for their colorful Victorian dress) to the Damara minorities and nomadic San. German colonisation left its own imprint on Namibia, with German being a widely spoken language today and German architecture and cuisine featuring prominently. Namibia's diverse and, at times, harsh climate has contributed to its colourful history.

German South West Africa
German South West Africa (German: Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1915, when it was captured by the Western Allies during World War I. However, Germany did not officially recognise its loss of this territory until the 1919 Treaty of Versailles.

German rule over this territory was punctuated by numerous rebellions by its native African peoples, which culminated in a campaign of German reprisals from 1904 to 1908 known as the Herero and Nama genocide.

In 1915, during World War I, German South West Africa was invaded by the Allies in the form of South African and British forces. After the war, its administration was taken over by the Union of South Africa (a dominion within the British Empire) and the territory was administered as South West Africa under a League of Nations mandate. It became independent as Namibia on 21 March 1990.
Nares Gladley Marsh
Nares Gladley Marsh is a 5.1-hectare (13-acre) Site of Special Scientific Interest north-west of Leighton Buzzard in Bedfordshire. It was notified in 1990 under Section 28  of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, and the local planning authority is Central Bedfordshire Council.

The site is on the Lower Greensand in the valley of the River Ouzel. It has marshland with a number of springs, and it has rich plant communities. On higher areas there is acidic grassland.

The site is private land and there is no public access.

Leighton Buzzard
Leighton Buzzard (/ˈleɪtən ˈbʌzərd/ ⓘ LAY-tən BUZ-ərd) is a market town in the civil parish of Leighton–Linslade, in the Central Bedfordshire district, in Bedfordshire, England, in the southwest of the county and close to the Buckinghamshire border. It lies between Aylesbury, Tring, Luton/Dunstable and Milton Keynes, near the Chiltern Hills.

It is 36 miles (58 km) northwest of Central London and linked to the capital by the Grand Union Canal and the West Coast Main Line. The built-up area extends on either side of the River Ouzel (here about 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) wide) to include its historically separate neighbour Linslade, and is administered by Leighton-Linslade Town Council.
SIRPG
Signal-regulatory protein gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIRPG gene. SIRPG has also recently been designated CD172G (cluster of differentiation 172G).

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the signal-regulatory protein (SIRP) family, and also belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. SIRP family members are receptor-type transmembrane glycoproteins known to be involved in the negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase-coupled signaling processes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.

Immunoglobulin superfamily
The immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) is a large protein superfamily of cell surface and soluble proteins that are involved in the recognition, binding, or adhesion processes of cells. Molecules are categorized as members of this superfamily based on shared structural features with immunoglobulins (also known as antibodies); they all possess a domain known as an immunoglobulin domain or fold. Members of the IgSF include cell surface antigen receptors, co-receptors and co-stimulatory molecules of the immune system, molecules involved in antigen presentation to lymphocytes, cell adhesion molecules, certain cytokine receptors and intracellular muscle proteins. They are commonly associated with roles in the immune system. Otherwise, the sperm-specific protein IZUMO1, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, has also been identified as the only sperm membrane protein essential for sperm-egg fusion.
Silvija Popović
Silvija Popović (Serbian: Силвија Поповић; born 13 March 1986) is a Serbian female professional volleyball player, who was a member of the Serbia women's national volleyball team that won the gold medal at both the 2011 European Championship and the 2018 World Championship.

2011 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2011 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 27th edition of the European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Italy and Serbia from 23 September to 2 October 2011.
Tophat beam
In optics, a tophat beam (also Flat-top or top-hat beam) such as a laser beam or electron beam has a near-uniform fluence (energy density) within a circular disk. It is typically formed by refractive or diffractive optical elements from a Gaussian beam. Tophat beams are often used in industry, for example for laser drilling of holes in printed circuit boards. They are also used in very high power laser systems, which use chains of optical amplifiers to produce an intense beam. Tophat beams are named for their resemblance to the shape of a top hat.

Due to diffraction, a beam cannot maintain a sharp-edged tophat cross-section for more than a short distance of propagation, and the edges of the distribution will become increasingly fuzzy as the beam propagates forward.

Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia.
Basem
Basem (Arabic: باسم) is an Arabic male given name. Notable people with this name include:

Basem Al-Montashari (born 1990), Saudi Arabian football player

Basem Al-Sherif (born 1984), Saudi football player

Basem Ali (born 1988), Egyptian football player

Basem Atallah (born 1989), Saudi Arabian football player

Basem Darwisch (born 1966), Egyptian–German composer, producer and oud virtuoso

Basem Eid (born 1990), Egyptian football player

Basem Eltahhan (born 1982), Egyptian snooker player

Basem Fathi (born 1982), Jordanian football player

Basem Khandakji (born 1983), Palestinian journalist and prisoner

Basem Morsy (born 1992), Egyptian football player

Basem Naim (born 1963), Palestinian politician

Basem Khandakji
Basem Khandakji (Arabic: باسم خندقجي, romanized: Bāsim khndqjy; born 1983) is a Palestinian writer who was born in 1983. When he was 20, he was convicted in his role in helping to kill three people. His novel, written while in prison, A Mask, the Color of the Sky won the Arabic Booker Prize in 2024.

He has studied at An-Najah National University and Al-Quds University. He was arrested by the Israeli Defense Forces on November 2, 2004, and was sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in the Carmel Market bombing, in which three people were murdered. He has published several novels, poems, and studies from prison. Khandakhji was released from Israeli prison in 2025 as part of the deal to exchange Palestinian prisoners for hostages being held by Hamas.
Mountain Metropolitan Transit
Mountain Metropolitan Transit (MMT) is the primary public transportation operator for the Colorado Springs metropolitan area. It provides bus service between Colorado Springs,  Manitou Springs, and Security-Widefield. There are currently thirty-four local routes. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 3,011,200, or about 12,400 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

Security-Widefield, Colorado
Security-Widefield is a census-designated place (CDP) comprising the unincorporated communities of Security and Widefield located in, and governed by, El Paso County, Colorado, United States. The population of the Security-Widefield CDP was 38,639 at the United States Census 2020. The CDP is a part of the Colorado Springs, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor. Both the Colorado Springs post office (Zip Codes 80911, 80913, and 80925) and the Fountain post office (Zip Code 80817) serve the area.
Four of Cups
The Four of Cups is a Minor Arcana tarot card.
Tarot cards are used throughout much of Europe to play tarot card games. In English-speaking countries, where the games are largely unknown, tarot cards came to be utilized primarily for divinatory purposes.

Tarot card games
Tarot games are card games played with tarot packs designed for card play and which have a permanent trump suit alongside the usual four card suits. The games and packs which English-speakers call by the French name tarot are called tarocchi in the original Italian, Tarock in German and similar words in other languages.

Tarot games are increasingly popular in Europe, especially in France where French tarot is the second most popular card game after Belote. In Austria, Tarock games, especially Königrufen, have become widespread and there are several major national and international tournaments each year. Italy, the home of tarot, remains a stronghold. Games of the tarot family are also played in Hungary, Slovenia, Liechtenstein, Czechia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Denmark, south Germany and south Poland.
Port Silt Loam
Port Silt Loam is the state soil of Oklahoma. This type of soil is reddish in color due to the weathering of reddish sandstones, siltstones, and shales of the Permian period.

It is a medium-textured alluvial soil deposited along flood plains. Port Silt Loam can be found in 33 of the 77 counties in Oklahoma and covers around one million acres (4,000 km2). The name comes from the small community of Port, in Washita County, and the texture of the top soil (silt loam).

Washita County, Oklahoma
Washita County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,924. Its county seat is New Cordell. The county seat was formerly located in Cloud Chief. The county was created in 1891.
Hyon Ju-song
Hyon Ju-song (Korean: 현주성; 1961/1962 – 2018) was a North Korean lieutenant general. After the 2018 North Korea–United States summit, which focused on peace and denuclearization, he decided: "We no longer have to suffer and tighten our belts to make rockets or nuclear weapons." Acting as director of the services inspection division of the People's Armed Forces, he told his troops to send out a ton of fuel, 1,278 pounds of rice and 1,653 pounds of corn to soldiers and their families at his site. He was charged with and convicted of abuse of authority, profiting the enemy and anti-party acts, before his execution by firing squad at the Kang Kon Military Academy near Pyongyang in June 2018.

Kang Kon Military Academy
Kang Kon Military Academy (Korean: 강건명칭종합군관학교 Kang Kŏn Chonghapgungwanhakkyo) is a military educational institution located in the city of Pyongyang, in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The location is near Pyongyang International Airport. It was named after Kang Kon.
Sisterson
Sisterson! was a short-run comic book which ran for three or four issues around  1990 and was circulated among London comic shops. "Sisterson!" was a "jam comic", i.e., a collection of comic strips each of which was an unplanned collaborative effort, with one creator drawing the first panel and then passing it on to another to be continued, usually resulting in a comic strip far more strange and unpredictable than any one artist would be likely to devise. Essentially, the comic was used as a method to teach sequential thinking and for studying the approach of other artists and creators.

Notable creators who contributed to Sisterson included Nick Abadzis, John McCrea, D'Israeli, Hunt Emerson, Woodrow Phoenix, 
Darryl Cunningham, Charlie Adlard, Roger Langridge, and Simon Fraser.

Simon Fraser (comics)
Simon Fraser is a British comics artist and writer best known for his work on Nikolai Dante, a series he created with writer Robbie Morrison in 2000 AD, Tales of the Night Watchman for So What? Press, and Kingsman: The Red Diamond for Image Comics.
Rebecca Futo Kennedy
Rebecca Futo Kennedy is Associate Professor of Classics, Women's and Gender Studies, and Environmental Studies at Denison University, and the Director of the Denison Museum. Her research focuses on the political, social, and cultural history of Classical Athens, Athenian tragedy, ancient immigration, ancient theories of race and ethnicity, and the reception of those theories in modern race science.

Denison University
Denison University is a private liberal arts college in Granville, Ohio, United States. One of the earliest colleges established in the former Northwest Territory, Denison University was founded in 1831. It was first called the Granville Literary and Theological Institution, later took the name Granville College, and, in the mid-1850s, was renamed Denison University, in honor of William S. Denison, a major early benefactor. The college enrolled 2,300 students in fall 2023. Students choose from 65 academic programs.

The college's intercollegiate athletic teams compete in the North Coast Athletic Conference, fielding 26 varsity teams in the NCAA Division III. Denison is a member of the Five Colleges of Ohio and the Great Lakes Colleges Association.
Fostervoll
Fostervoll is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alv Jakob Fostervoll (1932–2015), Norwegian politician

Finn Kristen Fostervoll (born 1939), Norwegian diplomat

Kaare Fostervoll (1891–1981), Norwegian educator and politician

Kaare Fostervoll
Kaare Fostervoll (3 December 1891 – 6 July 1981) was a Norwegian educator and politician for the Labour Party. From 1949 to 1962 he was the director-general of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK).
Aristodemus of Elis
Aristodemus (Ancient Greek: Ἀριστόδημος) of Elis was an ancient Greek writer who was referred to by Harpocration as an authority respecting the number of the Hellanodikai. He is probably the same writer as the one mentioned by Tertullian and Eusebius.

An "Aristodemus" is mentioned by Athenaeus as the author of a commentary on Pindar, and is often referred to in the Scholia on Pindar, but whether this Aristodemus is the one from Elis or Aristodemus of Nysa or another Aristodemus entirely is unknown.

Athenaeus
Athenaeus of Naucratis (/ˌæθəˈniːəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀθήναιος ὁ Nαυκρατίτης or Nαυκράτιος, Athēnaios Naukratitēs or Naukratios; Latin: Athenaeus Naucratita) was an ancient Greek rhetorician and grammarian, flourishing about the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 3rd century AD. The Suda says only that he lived in the times of Marcus Aurelius, but the contempt with which he speaks of Commodus, who died in 192, implies that he survived that emperor. He was a contemporary of Adrantus.

Athenaeus himself states that he was the author of a treatise on the thratta, a type of fish mentioned by Archippus and other comic poets, and of a history of the Syrian kings. Both works are lost. Of his works, only the fifteen-volume Deipnosophistae mostly survives.
Symphony No. 2 (Shostakovich)
Dmitri Shostakovich wrote his Symphony No. 2 in B major, Op. 14, subtitled To October, for the 10th anniversary of the October Revolution. It was first performed by the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra and the Academy Capella Choir under Nikolai Malko, on 5 November 1927. After the premiere, Shostakovich made some revisions to the score, and this final version was first played in Moscow later in 1927 under the baton of Konstantin Saradzhev. It was also the first time any version of the work had been played in Moscow.

Shostakovich later revisited the events of the October Revolution in his Twelfth Symphony, subtitled The Year 1917.

Aleksandr Bezymensky
Aleksandr Ilyich Bezymensky (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ильи́ч Безыме́нский; c. 18 January [O.S. 6 January] 1898 – 26 June 1973) was a Soviet poet, screenwriter and journalist. He was the father of war historian Lev Bezymensky, who wrote The Death of Adolf Hitler (1968).
Aljona Malets
Aljona Malets (born 6 May 1987) is a retired Estonian football player, who last played as a defender for Naiste Meistriliiga club Pärnu JK. She has also played for FC Levadia Tallinn, taking part in the UEFA Women's Champions League with both teams. In 15 international games for Estonia women's national football team he scored one goal – on 26 of July 2008 against Lithuania in Women's Baltic Cup.

Estonian Football Association
The Estonian Football Association (EJL; Estonian: Eesti Jalgpalli Liit) is the governing body of football, futsal, and beach soccer in Estonia. Established on 14 December 1921, it organizes the football league, including the championship which is called Meistriliiga, Estonian Cup and the Estonian national football team. It is based in Tallinn. EJL became a member of FIFA in 1923 but was disbanded during the occupation of Estonia by the Soviet Union; during this time the Estonian SSR Football Federation (Estonian: Eesti NSV Jalgpalliföderatsioon) organized Estonian football. It became a member of FIFA once again in 1992, following Estonia regaining its independence.
Royal Air Force roundels
The air forces of the United Kingdom – the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm, the Army's Army Air Corps and the Royal Air Force use a roundel, a circular identification mark, painted on aircraft to identify them to other aircraft and ground forces. In one form or another, it has been used on British military aircraft from 1915 to the present.

Federal Standard 595
Federal Standard 595, known as SAE AMS-STD-595 – Colors Used in Government Procurement, formerly FED-STD-595, is a United States Federal Standard for colors, issued by the General Services Administration.
Queen Eleanor & Buccleuch (Kettering BC Ward)
Queen Eleanor & Buccleuch Ward, representing the villages of Cranford, Geddington, Grafton Underwood, Little Oakley, Newton, Warkton and Weekley, is a one-member ward within Kettering Borough Council.

The current councillor is Cllr Mark Rowley.

Grafton Underwood
Grafton Underwood is a village and civil parish in North Northamptonshire, England. At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 134 people, increasing to 146 at the 2011 census.  The village was used in Helen Fielding's Bridget Jones novels as her childhood home.

The villages name means 'Grove farm/settlement'. The affix refers to Rockingham Forest.

The Church of England parish church is dedicated to St James the Apostle. It is a Grade I listed building.

RAF Grafton Underwood was assigned to the United States Army Air Forces Eighth Air Force in 1942 as USAAF Station 106.

The village was the location of the second meeting of the early Victorian era tennis event called the North Northamptonshire LTC Tournament in June 1881.
Leroy Dubeck
Leroy William Dubeck (born March 1, 1939) is an American chess master and retired professor of physics. He was president of the United States Chess Federation (USCF) from 1969 to 1972. Dubeck also writes science fiction.

Chess title
A chess title is a title regulated by a chess governing body and bestowed upon players based on their performance and rank. Such titles are usually granted for life. The international chess governing body FIDE grants several titles, the most prestigious of which is Grandmaster; many national chess federations also grant titles such as National Master. More broadly, the term "master" can refer to any highly skilled chess player.