hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Riopa lineata
Riopa lineata, the lined writhing skink or lined supple skink, is a species of writhing skink. It is known from India (the northern Western Ghats), Bangladesh and Myanmar (= Burma). This skink grows to about 6 cm in length. The body colouration is golden and each scale has a black dot forming longitudinal stripes on the body. It is known to occur from Gujarat to north of Karnataka. In Mumbai this skink has been observed in the Sanjay Gandhi National Park and Aarey milk colony. It is often found under rocks, loose soil associated with termite mounds and ant hills. It is crepuscular. A captive individual accepted termites, mosquito, house flies, ant eggs for about 45 days and was released.

Sanjay Gandhi National Park
Sanjay Gandhi National Park is a 87 km2 (34 sq mi) national park in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It was established in 1996, with its headquarters situated in Borivali.

The 2400-year-old Kanheri Caves, sculpted by monks out of the rocky basaltic cliffs, lie within the park. The national park attracts more than 2 million visitors every year.
Topological conjugacy
In mathematics, two functions are said to be topologically conjugate  if there exists a homeomorphism that will conjugate the one into the other. Topological conjugacy, and related-but-distinct § Topological equivalence of flows, are important in the study of iterated functions and more generally dynamical systems, since, if the dynamics of one iterative function can be determined, then that for a topologically conjugate function follows trivially.

To illustrate this directly: suppose that  and  are iterated functions, and there exists a homeomorphism  such that

so that  and  are topologically conjugate. Then one must have

and so the iterated systems are topologically conjugate as well. Here,  denotes function composition.

Existential quantification
In predicate logic, an existential quantification is a type of quantifier which asserts the existence of an object with a given property. It is usually denoted by the logical operator symbol ∃, which, when used together with a predicate variable, is called an existential quantifier ("∃x" or "∃(x)" or "(∃x)"), read as "there exists", "there is at least one", or "for some". Existential quantification is distinct from universal quantification ("for all"), which asserts that the property or relation holds for all members of the domain. Some sources use the term existentialization to refer to existential quantification.

Quantification in general is covered in the article on quantification (logic). The existential quantifier is encoded as U+2203 ∃ THERE EXISTS in Unicode, and as \exists in LaTeX and related formula editors.
Proclamation of the German Empire
The proclamation of the German Empire, also known as the Deutsche Reichsgründung, took place on January 18, 1871 after the joint victory of the German states in the Franco-Prussian War. As a result of the November Treaties of 1870, the southern German states of Baden, Hesse-Darmstadt, with their territories south of the Main line, Württemberg and Bavaria, joined the Prussian-dominated "North German Confederation" on 1 January 1871. On the same day, the new Constitution of the German Confederation came into force, thereby significantly extending the federal German lands to the newly created German Empire. The Day of the founding of the German Empire, January 18, became a day of celebration, marking when the Prussian King William I was proclaimed German Emperor at the Palace of Versailles, outside Paris, France.

November Treaties
The November Treaties (German: Novemberverträge) were three treaties concluded during the Franco-Prussian War in November 1870 which laid the constitutional framework for the founding of the German Empire in January 1871. The treaties were between the North German Confederation under the leadership of the Kingdom of Prussia and the four remaining sovereign German states: the Grand Duchies of Baden and Hesse and the Kingdoms of Bavaria and Württemberg.
1976 North Hertfordshire District Council election
The 1976 North Hertfordshire District Council election was held on 6 May 1976, at the same time as other local elections across England and Wales. All 48 seats on North Hertfordshire District Council were up for election.

The election saw the Conservatives take a majority of the seats on the council, which had previously been under no overall control, being led by a Conservative minority administration. The Conservative group leader, Bob Flatman, continued to serve as leader of the council after the election. The Labour group leader, John Goldsmith, lost his seat and was replaced as group leader by Bill Miller.

North Hertfordshire
North Hertfordshire is one of ten local government districts in the county of Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Letchworth Garden City and the largest town is Hitchin. The district also includes the towns of Baldock and Royston and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Part of the district lies within the Chiltern Hills, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are East Hertfordshire, Stevenage, Welwyn Hatfield, St Albans, Luton, Central Bedfordshire, South Cambridgeshire and Uttlesford.
BassTech
BassTech is an English-language fishing television series that takes the Monster Garage subgenre, and applies it to fishing vessels. Ordinary bass boats are turned into the extraordinary.

This Pimp My Bass series airs on the World Fishing Network, and premiered fall 2006.

Bass (fish)
Bass (/bæs/;pl.: bass) is a common name shared by many species of ray-finned fish from the large clade Percomorpha, mainly belonging to the orders Perciformes and Moroniformes, encompassing both freshwater and marine species. The word bass comes from Middle English bars, meaning "perch", despite that none of the commonly referred bass species belong to the perch family Percidae.
Changez Khan
Changez Khan is a 1958 Pakistani historical film directed by Rafiq Sarhadi. It was based on Naseem Hijazi's novel Akhari Chattan. Hassan-ud-Din played the titular role in the film, who also wrote the screenplay and produced the film as well. The other cast includes Asha Posley, Kamran, Allauddin, Fazal Shah and M. Ismael.

Changez Khan is one of the earliest films of the Pakistani cinema of the historical genre.

Its production had almost completed in 1956 but the film was released in 1958.

The film features the popular and evergreen national or milli song of Inayat Hussain Bhatti, Aye Mard-e-Mujahid Jaag Zra, Ab Waqat-e-Shahadat Hai Aaya, written by Tufail Hoshiarpuri and music by Rashid Attre.

Inayat Hussain Bhatti
Inayat Hussain Bhatti 
(Urdu: عِنایَت حُسَین بھٹّی; 12 January 1928 – 31 May 1999) was a Pakistani film playback singer, film actor, producer, director, script writer, social worker, columnist, religious scholar and an active advocate of the development of the Punjabi language and literature.

In a career spanning some 50 years, he acted in more than 300 movies, produced 30 as well and also directed some, while as a musician he provided approximately 350 songs for some 200 movies. If including non-film work he recorded some 2,500 songs.
Jonathan Paton
Jonathan Paton (born June 10, 1971) is an American politician who served in both houses of the Arizona State Legislature. He served as an intelligence officer in the U.S. Army Reserve, and participated in Operation Iraqi Freedom. As a Republican, he was first elected to represent Arizona's 30th legislative district in the Arizona House of Representatives in 2004. In 2008, he was elected to the Arizona Senate from the same district.

On January 17, 2010, Paton announced he would be challenging Democratic U.S. Representative Gabby Giffords in that year's election. He subsequently resigned from the state senate to focus his efforts on campaigning for Congress. Paton lost in the 2010 Republican primary and endorsed his former opponent, Jesse Kelly. He ran for Congress again in 2012, this time in Arizona's newly redrawn 1st congressional district, ending in close defeat against Democratic opponent Ann Kirkpatrick.

Arizona's 30th legislative district
Arizona's 30th legislative district is one of 30 in the state, consisting of all of La Paz County and sections of Maricopa County, Mohave County, and Yavapai County. As of 2023, there are 38 precincts in the district, with a total registered voter population of 157,848. The district has an overall population of 237,999.

Following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, the Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (AIRC) redrew legislative district boundaries in Arizona. According to the AIRC, the district is outside of competitive range and considered leaning Republican.
Hero City (Soviet Union)
Hero City is a Soviet honorary title awarded for outstanding heroism during World War II (the Eastern Front is known in most countries of the former Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War). It was awarded to twelve cities of the Soviet Union, today located in Belarus (1 city), Russia (7 cities), and Ukraine (4 cities). Brest Fortress in Belarus was awarded the equivalent title of Hero Fortress. This symbolic distinction for a city corresponds to the individual distinction "Hero of the Soviet Union".

According to the statute, the hero city was issued the Order of Lenin, the Gold Star medal, and the certificate of the heroic deed (gramota or hramota) from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Also, the corresponding obelisk was installed in the city.

Obelisk
An obelisk (/ˈɒbəlɪsk/; from Ancient Greek  ὀβελίσκος (obelískos), diminutive of ὀβελός (obelós) ' spit, nail, pointed pillar'), less often spelled obelisque, is a tall, slender, tapered monument with four sides and a pyramidal or pyramidion top. Originally constructed by Ancient Egyptians and called tekhenu, the Greeks used the Greek term obeliskos to describe them, and this word passed into Latin and ultimately English. Though William Thomas used the term correctly in his Historie of Italie of 1549, by the late sixteenth century (after reduced contact with Italy following the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth), Shakespeare failed to distinguish between pyramids and obelisks in his plays and sonnets. Ancient obelisks are monolithic and consist of a single stone; most modern obelisks are made of several stones.
Art and Frieda Maxwell Barn
The Art and Frieda Maxwell Barn, southeast of Buhl, Idaho, United States, was built in 1915 by Henry Schick, a German-Russian immigrant to the United States.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Buhl, Idaho
Buhl is a city located on the old Oregon Trail in the western half of Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. As of the 2020 census, Buhl had a population of 4,558. It is part of the Twin Falls, Idaho metropolitan area.

U.S. Route 30 passes through Buhl, along the scenic Thousand Springs Scenic Byway from Twin Falls to Bliss. Known as the "Trout Capital of the World," Buhl is the location of numerous hatcheries in the immediate surrounding area, which produce a majority of the rainbow trout consumed in the United States. Clear Springs Foods, located just north of Buhl, processes over 20 million pounds of rainbow trout each year, making it the world's largest producer.
Plesná (river)
The Plesná (German: Fleißenbach) is a river in the Czech Republic and Germany. It flows through Saxony in Germany and through the Karlovy Vary Region. It is a left tributary of the Ohře River. It is 29.1 km (18.1 mi) long.

Bad Brambach
Bad Brambach (German: [baːt ˈbʁamˌbax] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Vogtlandkreis district, in Saxony, Germany. It is the southernmost municipality in Saxony and also in what was formerly East Germany. It is a spa town with radon baths.
Fábricas Agrupadas de Muñecas de Onil Sociedad Anónima
Fábricas Agrupadas de Muñecas de Onil Sociedad Anónima, better known for its initials FAMOSA, is a Spanish toy company historically based in Onil (Province of Alicante, Valencian Community). Between 2010 and 2019, it was owned by Sun Capital, an American risk capital fund. Since 2019 it is owned by Italian toy giant Giochi Preziosi. Its headquarters are located at the Las Atalayas industrial polygon in Alicante.

Province of Alicante
The Province of Alicante (/ˌælɪˈkænti/, also UK: /-teɪ/, US: /ˌælɪˈkɑːnti, ˌɑːl-/; (Spanish: Provincia de Alicante, pronounced [aliˈkante], Valencian: Província d'Alacant, pronounced [alaˈkant]) is a province located in eastern Spain, in the southern part of the Valencian Community. It is the 2nd most populated Valencian province, containing the second and third biggest cities in the Valencian Community—Alicante (also known in Valencian as Alacant) and Elche (Elx), respectively. With a population of 2,033,566, it is the 4th most populated Spanish province as well.

Alicante is bordered by the provinces of Murcia on the southwest, Albacete on the west, Valencia on the north, and the Mediterranean Sea on the east. The province is named after its capital, the city of Alicante.
Loh Gwo Burne
Loh Gwo Burne (simplified Chinese: 罗国本; traditional Chinese: 羅國本; pinyin: Luō Guóběn; born 26 February 1974) is a Malaysian politician. He was the member of the Malaysian Parliament for Kelana Jaya, Selangor for one term from 2008 to 2013. He set in Parliament as a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR) in the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) opposition coalition then.

Loh first gained fame when a video that he shot lead to a Royal Commission of Inquiry into the manipulation of judicial appointments. In the 2008 election, he was named by Keadilan to contest the seat of Kelana Jaya, and subsequently defeated Barisan Nasional candidate Lee Hwa Beng and independent Billi Lim Peng Soon.

Loh attended primary school at Sam Teck and secondary school at Poi Lam as well as ACS in Singapore. He has a degree in law from London and a master in law from China.

Parliament of Malaysia
The Parliament of Malaysia (Malay: Parlimen Malaysia; Jawi: ‏ڤرليمن مليسيا‎) is the national legislature of Malaysia, based on the Westminster system. The bicameral parliament consists of the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives, lit. "People's Assembly") and the Dewan Negara (Senate, lit. "State Assembly"). The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King), as the head of state, is the third component of Parliament.

The Parliament assembles in the Malaysian Houses of Parliament, located in the national capital city of Kuala Lumpur.

The term "Member of Parliament (MP)" usually refers to a member of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of the Parliament. The term "Senator" usually refers to a member of the Dewan Negara, the upper house of the Parliament.
North Alamo, Texas
North Alamo is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The population was 3,722 at the 2020 United States Census. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Mission, Texas
Mission is a city in Hidalgo County, in the US state of Texas, United States. Its population was 85,778 at the 2020 census and an estimated 86,635 in 2022. Mission is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas.
Jim Henry (footballer, born 1975)
James Henry (born 7 July 1975) is a Scottish former football midfielder.

Henry began his career with Montrose. He spent a season and a half at Links Park, before dropping down to the
junior leagues with Lochee United. He returned to senior football in the summer of 2000, signing for Clyde. Henry never cemented his place as a first team regular at Clyde, and joined Stenhousemuir in March 2001. He went on to play for Forfar Athletic and Raith Rovers before returning to the juniors.

Clyde F.C.
Clyde Football Club is a Scottish semi-professional football club who play in Scottish League Two. Nicknamed the Bully Wee, the club was formed in 1877 at the River Clyde in Glasgow, the club currently host their home matches at New Douglas Park in Hamilton, having played at Broadwood Stadium in Cumbernauld from 1994 until 2022.

The club's biggest accomplishments are winning the Scottish Cup on three occasions: 1939, 1955 and 1958; they reached the final a further three times, all during a long period based at Shawfield, in Rutherglen. They have not played in the top division of Scottish football since 1975.

The club have been managed by Darren Young since October 2024.
78th Grey Cup
The 78th Grey Cup was the 1990 Canadian Football League championship game played between the Winnipeg Blue Bombers and the Edmonton Eskimos at BC Place Stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia. The Blue Bombers defeated the Eskimos, 50–11.

Trevor Kennerd
Trevor Kennerd (born December 23, 1955) was a kicker for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers in the Canadian Football League (CFL) from 1980-1991. He was a three-time CFL All-Star (1981, 1985 Football Reporters of Canada All-Star and 1983 Coaches All-Star) and helped the Blue Bombers to three Grey Cup victories (1984, 1988, 1990), including kicking the winning field-goal in the 1988 Grey Cup.  He was inducted into the Winnipeg Blue Bomber Hall of Fame in 1997 and was selected as one of the 20 Blue Bombers All-Time Greats in 2005.

While playing with the Bombers, Kennerd worked as an accounts manager for Wordsnorth Communications Services.  Kennerd is currently the president of TKM Inc., a marketing communications firm in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and is the former Honorary Colonel for 435 Transport and Rescue Squadron located at 17 Wing Winnipeg.
Chinese speech synthesis
Chinese speech synthesis is the application of speech synthesis to the Chinese language (usually Standard Chinese).  It poses additional difficulties due to Chinese characters frequently having different pronunciations in different contexts and the complex prosody, which is essential to convey the meaning of words, and sometimes the difficulty in obtaining agreement among native speakers concerning what the correct pronunciation is of certain phonemes.

Prosody (linguistics)
In linguistics, prosody (/ˈprɒsədi, ˈprɒz-/) is the study of elements of speech, including intonation, stress, rhythm and loudness, that occur simultaneously with individual phonetic segments: vowels and consonants. Often, prosody specifically refers to such elements, known as suprasegmentals when they extend across more than one phonetic segment.

Prosody reflects the nuanced emotional features of the speaker or of their utterances: their obvious or underlying emotional state, the form of utterance (statement, question, or command), the presence of irony or sarcasm, certain emphasis on words or morphemes, contrast,  focus, and so on. Prosody displays elements of language that are not encoded by grammar, punctuation or choice of vocabulary.
Robert Ritchie (Australian politician)
Robert Adam Ritchie (18 October 1836 – 16 August 1891) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.

He was born at Paisley in Renfrewshire to dyer John Ritchie and Barbara Henderson. In 1848 his family followed his elder brother to Sydney, and Ritchie worked at a woodmill in Parramatta managed by his father. He spent eighteen months at the Turon goldfields before becoming an apprentice blacksmith. In 1857 he took over the family business, and opened a new branch at Wickham, also merging with a Clyde-based firm. He retired from the business in 1884. On 25 March 1859 he married Jemima Fergus Douglas, with whom he had four children. After her death he remarried Clara Henderson, her sister, and had a further seven children.

A Parramatta alderman, Ritchie was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1889 as the member for Central Cumberland. A Free Trader, he was re-elected in 1891 but died at Auburn shortly afterwards.

Free Trade Party
The Free Trade Party (FTP), officially known as the Free Trade and Liberal Association and also referred to as the Revenue Tariff Party in some states, was an Australian political party. It was formally organised in 1887 in New South Wales, in time for the 1887 New South Wales colonial election, which the party won.

The party advocated the abolition of protectionism, especially protective tariffs and other restrictions on trade, arguing that this would create greater prosperity for all. However, many members also advocated use of minimal tariffs for government revenue purposes only. Its most prominent leader was George Reid, who led the Reid government as the fourth Prime Minister of Australia (1904–1905).

In New South Wales, it was succeeded by the Liberal and Reform Association in 1902, and federally by the Anti-Socialist Party in 1906. In 1909, the Anti-Socialist Party merged with the Protectionist Party to form the Liberal Party.
Shishania
Shishania is a genus of animals from the Cambrian period. It contains a single species, Shishania aculeata, originally described as a stem-group mollusc. Shishania specimens come from the Wulongqing Formation in China, and date back to around 514 to 509 million years ago. Shishania was a flattened, bilaterally symmetrical slug-like animal with a muscular foot. It had no shell, but was covered in hollow chitinous spines. These sclerites provide a stepping stone between the solid chaetae-like chitinous sclerites of Wiwaxia and the partially hollow, biomineralized sclerites of aculiferan molluscs. This suggests the mollusc ancestor was covered in hollow chitinous sclerites that shared a common origin with annelid chaetae.

A paper published in Science in May 2025 disputes the classification of Shishania as a mollusc. Instead, the authors suggest it is an early-diverging chancelloriid closely affiliated to, or even synonymous with, Nidelric.

Slug
Slug or land slug is a common name for any apparently shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusc. The word slug is also often used as part of the common name of any gastropod mollusc that has no shell, a very reduced shell, or only a small internal shell, particularly sea slugs and semi-slugs (this is in contrast to the common name snail, which applies to gastropods that have a coiled shell large enough that they can fully retract their soft parts into it).

Various taxonomic families of land slugs form part of several quite different evolutionary lineages, which also include snails. Thus, the various families of slugs are not closely related, despite the superficial similarity in overall body form. The shell-less condition has arisen many times independently as an example of convergent evolution, and thus the category "slug" is polyphyletic.
Lee Olesky
Lee Olesky is an American financial executive and entrepreneur. He is co-founder of Tradeweb (Nasdaq: TW) and formerly served as the company's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Tradeweb is an international financial technology company that builds and operates electronic over-the-counter marketplaces for trading fixed income products, ETFs, and derivatives.

Olesky is a central figure in the development of electronic trading in the global financial markets, an "electronic-trading pioneer" according to Fortune Magazine who built "a $21 billion juggernaut that has completely upended the Byzantine world of bond trading.". He is a frequent commentator on technology, the modernization of markets, and the growth of electronic trading.

Exchange-traded fund
An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is a type of investment fund that is also an exchange-traded product; i.e., it is bought and sold on stock exchanges. ETFs own financial assets such as stocks, bonds, currencies, debts, futures contracts, and/or commodities such as gold bars. Many ETFs provide some level of diversification compared to owning an individual stock.