hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duffws railway station (Festiniog Railway)
Duffws was the Festiniog Railway's (FR) second passenger station in Blaenau Ffestiniog, then in Merionethshire, now in Gwynedd, Wales. This station is not to be confused with the Festiniog and Blaenau Railway's (F&BR) Duffws (F&BR) station which stood some distance away on the opposite side of Church Street. During that station's life from 1868 to 1883 passengers travelling from (say) Festiniog on the F&BR to Tan-y-Bwlch on the Festiniog would walk between the two stations, much as passengers walk between the standard gauge and narrow gauge in modern-day Blaenau Ffestiniog.

James I. C. Boyd
James Ian Craig Boyd (31 March 1921 – 20 February 2009) was an English author and narrow-gauge railway historian.

Boyd spent a lifetime researching and writing on narrow-gauge railways. His books on narrow-gauge railways in North and Mid Wales, the Isle of Man and Ireland are considered to be standard works on the subject. His books, published by The Oakwood Press since 1949, are rarely out of print, reflecting their importance to, and popularity with, railway historians and enthusiasts.
Karl Kiffe
Karl Kiffe (July 6, 1925 – May 10, 2004) was an American jazz drummer featured in specialty numbers in a number of Hollywood feature films during World War II and later as a featured member of Jimmy Dorsey's orchestra.

Red Norvo
Red Norvo (born Kenneth Norville; March 31, 1908 – April 6, 1999) was an American musician, one of jazz's early vibraphonists, known as "Mr. Swing". He helped establish the xylophone, marimba, and vibraphone as jazz instruments. His recordings included "Dance of the Octopus", "Bughouse", "Knockin' on Wood", "Congo Blues", and "Hole in the Wall".
A724 road
The A724 road in Scotland runs within South Lanarkshire between Rutherglen and Hamilton. It follows an ancient route which is marked on William Roy's Lowland Map of Scotland (1755) with only minor deviations from its modern course.

William Roy
Major-General William Roy (4 May 1726 – 1 July 1790) was a Scottish military engineer, surveyor, and antiquarian. He was an innovator who applied new scientific discoveries and newly emerging technologies to the accurate geodetic mapping of Great Britain. His masterpiece is usually referred to as Roy's Map of Scotland.

It was Roy's advocacy and leadership that led to the creation of the Ordnance Survey in 1791, the year after his death. His technical work in the establishment of a surveying baseline won him the Copley Medal in 1785. His maps and drawings of Roman archaeological sites in Scotland were the first accurate and systematic study of the subject, and have not been improved upon even today. Roy was a fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the Society of Antiquaries of London.
John R. Jewitt
John Rodgers Jewitt (21 May 1783 – 7 January 1821) was an English armourer who entered the historical record with his memoirs about the 28 months he spent as an enslaved captive of Maquinna of the Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) people on what is now the British Columbia Coast. The Canadian Encyclopedia describes Jewitt as a shrewd observer and his Narrative as a "classic of captivity literature". The memoir, according to the Dictionary of Canadian Biography, is a major source of information about the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast.

Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast
The Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast are composed of many nations and tribal affiliations, each with distinctive cultural and political identities. They share certain beliefs, traditions and practices, such as the centrality of salmon as a resource and spiritual symbol, and many cultivation and subsistence practices. The term Northwest Coast or North West Coast is used in anthropology to refer to the groups of Indigenous people residing along the coast of what is now called British Columbia, Washington State, parts of Alaska, Oregon, and Northern California. The term Pacific Northwest is largely used in the American context.

At one point, the region had the highest population density of a region inhabited by Indigenous peoples in Canada.
David Stanton Tappan
Rev. David Stanton Tappan (April 2, 1845 – March 20, 1922) was an American Presbyterian minister who served as president of Miami University from 1899–1902.

Tappan was from a distinguished American family, the grandson of Benjamin Tappan and nephew of Edwin M. Stanton.  Born in Steubenville, Ohio, he graduated from Miami University in 1864.  He earned a Bachelor of Divinity degree from the Theological Seminary at Allegheny, Pennsylvania in 1867 and M.A. degrees from the College of Wooster and Miami University.  He earned his D. D. degree at Lenox College in Iowa. He was appointed president of Miami University in 1899.

Early in his ministerial career, he pastored several churches in Iowa including many years in Mount Pleasant.  He married Anna L. Grand-Girard in 1869.  He died in California in 1922. Tappan Hall, a dormitory on the Miami University campus is named in his memory.

College of Wooster
The College of Wooster is a private liberal arts college in Wooster, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1866 by the Presbyterian Church as the University of Wooster, it has been officially non-sectarian since 1969. From its creation, the college has been a co-educational institution. It enrolls about 1,900 students and is a member of the Five Colleges of Ohio, Great Lakes Colleges Association, and Association of Presbyterian Colleges and Universities.
Mazeno Ridge
The Mazeno Ridge is an arête, a long narrow ridge, and part of the Nanga Parbat massif in Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan, in the Himalayan range. The ridge is the longest of any ridge on the eight-thousander peaks in the Himalayas. A series of eight subsidiary peaks form the ridge, the highest being Mazeno Peak at 7,120 metres (23,360 ft). All eight subsidiary peaks have been climbed, but a complete traverse of the ridge and ascent of Nanga Parbat was only successfully achieved in 2012, and as of 2019, no other expedition has reached the summit of Nanga Parbat via the Mazeno Ridge.

Not far to the north is the western end of the Karakoram range. At the southern end of the ridge, the Mazeno mountain pass is 5,358 metres (17,579 ft) high and connects the towns of Astore and Chilas.

Chilas
Chilas (Urdu: چلاس) is a city in Pakistan-administered territory of Gilgit-Baltistan in the disputed Kashmir region. It is the headquarters of Diamer District and the divisional capital of Diamer Division.

Chilas is located on the left bank of Indus River. The weather is hot and dry in the summer and cold and dry in the winter. It can be reached by the Karakoram Highway and also through the Kaghan valley via the Babusar Pass. The Fairy Meadows National Park and Nanga Parbat, the ninth highest peak in the world, are also located nearby it. Karakoram International University has a sub-campus in Chilas.
Transmisogyny
Transmisogyny, otherwise known as trans-misogyny and transphobic misogyny, is the intersection of transphobia and misogyny as experienced by trans women and transfeminine people. The term was coined by Julia Serano in her 2007 book Whipping Girl to describe a particular form of oppression experienced by trans women. In a 2017 interview with The New York Times, Serano explores the roots of transmisogyny as a critique of feminine gender expressions which are "ridiculed in comparison to masculine interests and gender expression."

Transmisogyny is a central concept in transfeminism and is commonly referenced in intersectional feminist theory. In her definition of transmisogyny, Serano does not limit those affected by transmisogyny to individuals who identify as transgender and includes others, such as cisgender people, and those who identify as drag queens.

Cisgender
The word cisgender (often shortened to cis; sometimes cissexual) describes a person whose gender identity corresponds to their sex assigned at birth, i.e., someone who is not transgender. The prefix cis- is Latin and means on this side of. The term cisgender was coined in 1994 as an antonym to transgender, and entered into dictionaries starting in 2015 as a result of changes in social discourse about gender.

Related concepts are cisnormativity (the presumption that cisgender identity is preferred or normal) and cissexism (bias or prejudice favoring cisgender people).
Minor tetra
The minor tetra (Hyphessobrycon minor) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acestrorhamphidae, the American characins. This fish is from the Essequibo River in Guyana in South America, closely resembling its relative, the serpae tetra, from the Amazon and Paraguay. These two very similar species are separated geographically, so they would not interbreed.

Essequibo River
The Essequibo River (Spanish: Río Esequibo; originally called by Alonso de Ojeda; Río Dulce) is the largest river in Guyana, and the largest river between the Orinoco and Amazon. Rising in the Acarai Mountains near the Brazil–Guyana border, the Essequibo flows to the north for 1,014 km (630 mi) through forest and savanna into the Atlantic Ocean. It has a total drainage basin of 156,828 km2 (60,552 mi2) and an average discharge of 154 to 178 km³/year.

Territory near the river is argued over by Venezuela and Guyana. The river is administered by Guyana after being previously colonized by the British. Historically, Venezuela has claimed the Essequibo River as their most eastern border, though in practice it was under Dutch control.
Stone in Oxney
Stone in Oxney is a village in the civil parish of Stone-cum-Ebony, in the Ashford district, in the county of Kent, England. It is south of Ashford, near Appledore.

The village is 11 miles (18 km) south east of Tenterden, on the eastern side of the Isle of Oxney. The stone that gives the village its name is preserved in the village church, and is of Roman origin. Often thought to be an altar of Mithras, it in fact depicts Apis.

The Saxon Shore Way, a long-distance walking route tracing the old Saxon shoreline, passes through the parish.

In 1891 the parish of "Stone" had a population of 356. In 1894 the parish was abolished and merged with Ebony to form "Stone cum Ebony".

Roman Altar at Stone in the Isle of Oxney

Saxon Shore Way
The Saxon Shore Way is a long-distance footpath in England. It starts at Gravesend, Kent, and traces the coast of South-East England as it was in Roman times as far as Hastings, East Sussex, 163 miles (262 km) in total. This means that around Romney Marsh the route runs significantly inland from the modern coastline.
Brazil–Peru border
The Brazil–Peru border is the line, located in the Amazon rainforest, that limits the territories of Brazil and Peru. The Brazilian states of Amazonas and Acre border the eastern Peruvian regions of Loreto, Ucayali and Madre de Dios. Part of the limit was established in the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro in 1909.

Department of Madre de Dios
Madre de Dios (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmaðɾe ðe ˈðjos] ⓘ, English: Mother of God) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's southeast, it borders Brazil, Bolivia and the Peruvian departments of Puno, Cusco and Ucayali, in the Amazon Basin. It is also the third largest department in Peru, after Ucayali and Loreto. However, it is also the least densely populated department in Peru, as well as its least populous department. It has one of the lowest poverty rates in Peru. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Puerto Maldonado.
W&G Records
W&G Records was an Australian recording company that operated from the early 1950s to the 1970s. It was a subsidiary of the Melbourne precision engineering company White & Gillespie.

W&G released many significant recordings by Australian popular artists of the 1960s and also issued recordings of popular American artists, notably releases from the ABC-Paramount (Ampar) label, which W&G distributed from 1955 until 1960, when the Australian distribution was taken over by Festival Records. Recording engineer and producer Bill Armstrong worked at W&G from 1956 to 1961, prior to opening his own studio in 1965.

W&G also established a special subsidiary label, In Records, which released the classic mid-1960s recordings by the Loved Ones.

Precision engineering
Precision engineering is a subdiscipline of electrical engineering, software engineering, electronics engineering, mechanical engineering, and optical engineering concerned with designing machines, fixtures, and other structures that have exceptionally low tolerances, are repeatable, and are stable over time. These approaches have applications in machine tools, MEMS, NEMS, optoelectronics design, and many other fields.

Precision engineering is a branch of engineering that focuses on the design, development and manufacture of product with high levels of accuracy and repeatability.

It involves the use of advanced technologies and techniques to achieve tight tolerance and dimensional control in the manufacturing process.
Lim Wee-Chai
Lim Wee Chai (simplified Chinese: 林伟才; traditional Chinese: 林偉才; pinyin: Lín Wěicái) is a Malaysian businessman. He is the Executive Chairman and Founder of Top Glove Corporation Bhd, a glove manufacturing company, which was founded in 1991 and is listed on Bursa Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange) and the main board of the Singapore Exchange (SGX). Lim was listed by Forbes as Malaysia's 8th richest person in 2021.

Bursa Malaysia
Bursa Malaysia (MYX or MSX; lit. 'Malaysian Bourse'  or 'Malaysia Exchange') is the stock exchange in Malaysia. It is one of the largest bourses in ASEAN. It is based in Kuala Lumpur and was previously known as the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). It provides full integration of transactions, offering a wide range of currency exchange and related services, including trading, settlement, clearing and savings services.

Along with the Securities Commission of Malaysia, the stock exchange regulates the capital market in Malaysia and, through its facilities, upholds the duty to manage and maintain order in the trading of stocks, bonds and derivatives.
Rok Pajič
Rok Pajič (born September 26, 1985) is a Slovenian professional ice hockey player currently being a trainer in Italian Hockey League

He participated at the 2011 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Slovenia men's national ice hockey team.

His father Murajica Pajič and uncle Boris Pajič are both former ice hockey players.

Slovenia men's national ice hockey team
The Slovenia men's national ice hockey team is the ice hockey team representing Slovenia internationally. It is governed by the Ice Hockey Federation of Slovenia. As of May 2025, Slovenia is ranked 15th in the world by the IIHF World Ranking. The team's biggest success is reaching the quarter-finals at the 2014 Winter Olympics. Their best record at the Ice Hockey World Championships is 13th place, achieved in 2002, 2005 and 2025.

Seven players from Slovenia have been drafted into the National Hockey League (NHL) since 1998; Anže Kopitar and Jan Muršak have played in the league.
Clifford Scott High School
Clifford J. Scott High School was a comprehensive community public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades in the city of East Orange, in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operated as part of the East Orange School District from 1937 until 2002.

Secondary education in the United States
Secondary education is the last six or seven years of statutory formal education in the United States. It reaches the climax with twelfth grade (age 17–18). Whether it begins with sixth grade (age 11–12) or seventh grade (age 12–13) varies by state and sometimes by school district.

Secondary education in the United States occurs in two phases. The first, as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), is the lower secondary phase, either called a middle school or junior high school. A middle school is for students sixth grade, seventh grade and eighth grade and a junior high school is only for students in seventh and eighth grade.

The second is the ISCED upper secondary phase, a high school or senior high school for students ninth grade through twelfth grade. There is some debate over the optimum age of transfer, and variation in some states; also, middle school often includes grades that are almost always considered primary school.
K. Armstrong
K. Armstrong (31 January 1972  – 5 July 2024) was an Indian lawyer and politician from the state of Tamil Nadu. He was the state president of Tamil Nadu unit of the Bahujan Samaj Party. An Ambedkarite Buddhist, Armstrong was known as a prominent Dalit social and political activist in the state.

He was assassinated outside his residence on 5 July 2024. His murder sent shockwaves across Tamil Nadu politics which triggered demand for justice and questions on ongoing violence against Dalits.

Ambedkarism
Ambedkarism is called as the teaching, ideology or philosophy of B.R. Ambedkar, an Indian economist, barrister, social reformer, and the first of Minister of Law and Justice in the first cabinet of Jawaharlal Nehru. Ambedkarism includes special focus on subjects such as fraternity, democracy, communal electorates, conversion out of Hinduism, political power, rule of law, Navayana, among others. An Ambedkarite is one who follows the philosophy of Ambedkar. Icons of Ambedkarite ideology also include Periyar, Jyotirao Phule and others.
In the Gutter and Other Good Places
In the Gutter and Other Good Places is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Cristine Richey and released in 1993. The film profiles three homeless men in Calgary, Alberta who support themselves dumpster diving and bottle picking for recyclable items.

The film premiered at the Vancouver International Film Festival in 1993, where it won the award for best short documentary. At the Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival in 1994, the film won the awards for best independent production, best cinematography (Douglas Munro and Philip Letourneau), best musical score (Adrian Belew) and best overall sound (Steve Munro). The film won the Genie Award for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 15th Genie Awards, and was broadcast on CBC Television's documentary series Witness in 1995.

Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival
The Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival is the largest documentary festival in North America. The event takes place annually in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The 27th edition of the festival took place online throughout May and June 2020. In addition to the annual festival, Hot Docs owns and operates the Hot Docs Ted Rogers Cinema, administers multiple production funds, and runs year-round screening programs including Doc Soup and Hot Docs Showcase.
Saturnino
Saturnino is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian form of the name Saturninus.  As a first name, it can refer to:

Saturnino Arrúa, Paraguayan footballer

Saturnino Herrán, Mexican painter

Saturnino Rustrián, Guatemalan road bicycle racer

Saturnino Perdriel, Argentine founder of Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata

Saturnino and Mariano Lora, Cuban revolutionaries

Saturnino Arrúa
Saturnino 'Nino' Arrúa Molinas (born 7 April 1949) is a Paraguayan retired footballer who played as an attacking midfielder, and a current coach.

Considered one of the greatest footballers to ever come out of his nation, his 22-year professional career was closely associated with Cerro Porteño and Real Zaragoza.
WHFI
WHFI is a classic hits formatted broadcast non-commercial educational radio station licensed in Lindside, West Virginia, serving Monroe County, West Virginia. The station also reaches into surrounding counties including Giles County, Virginia, Greenbrier, Mercer, Raleigh, and Summers Counties in West Virginia. WHFI is owned by the Monroe County Board of Education under Station Manager, Brian Allen.

Non-commercial educational station
A non-commercial educational station (NCE station) is a radio station or television station that does not accept on-air advertisements (TV ads or radio ads), as defined in the United States by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and was originally intended to offer educational programming as part, or whole, of its programming. NCE stations do not pay broadcast license fees for their non-profit uses of the radio spectrum. Stations which are almost always operated as NCE include public broadcasting, community radio, and college radio, as well as many religious broadcasting stations.
Nearly all non-commercial radio stations derive their support from listener support, grants and endowments, such as the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) that distributes supporting funds provided by Congress to support public radio.
Form 3
Form 3 is an SEC filing filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission to indicate a preliminary insider transaction by an officer, director, or beneficial (10%) owner of the company's securities. These are typically seen after a company IPOs when insiders make their first transactions. After a Form 3 is filed, future filings of the same nature are filed under Form 4 (standard disclosure) or Form 5 (annual disclosure).

Form 3 is stored in SEC's EDGAR database and academic researchers make these reports freely available as structured datasets in the Harvard Dataverse.

Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval
EDGAR (Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval) is an internal database system operated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that performs automated collection, validation, indexing, and accepted forwarding of submissions by companies and others who are required by law to file forms with the SEC. The database contains a wealth of information about the commission and the securities industry which is freely available to the public via the Internet.

In September 2017, SEC chairman Jay Clayton revealed the database had been hacked and that companies' data may have been used by criminals for insider trading.
Kindred Paul
Kindred Paul (born February 22, 1996) is a Canadian water polo player from Alberta.  She is a member of the Canada women's national water polo team. She participated in two Olympic games; the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2024 Summer Olympics.

She participated at the 2016 FINA Women's Water Polo World League, 2018 FINA Women's Water Polo World League, 2019 FINA Women's Water Polo World League, 2021 FINA Women's Water Polo World League, and 2018 FINA Women's Water Polo World Cup.

During her professional career, she played at UVSE Vizilabda in Budapest, Hungary, Sydney Uni Lions in Sydney, Australia, and CN Terrassa in Barcelona, Spain. She played in the NCAA for University of California, Berkeley.

In June 2021, Paul was named to Canada's 2020 Summer Olympics team.

2016 FINA Women's Water Polo World League
The 2016 FINA Women's Water Polo World League was the 13th edition of the annual women's international water polo tournament. It was played between November 2015 and June 2016 and open to all women's water polo national teams. After participating in a preliminary round, eight teams qualify to play in a final tournament, called the Super Final in Shanghai, China from 07–12 June 2016.

In the world league, there are specific rules that do not allow matches to end in a draw.  If teams are level at the end of the 4th quarter of any world league match, the match will be decided by a penalty shootout. Teams earn points in the standings in group matches as follows:

Match won in normal time - 3 points

Match won in shootout - 2 points

Match lost in shootout - 1 point

Match lost in normal time - 0 points