hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sand Creek (Denver, Colorado)
Sand Creek is a 14.6-mile-long (23.5 km) tributary that flows into the South Platte River near Commerce City, Colorado.  From its source in unincorporated Arapahoe County, it flows through the cities of Aurora and Denver before joining the South Platte in Adams County.

It is not to be confused with Big Sandy Creek (along which the Sand Creek Massacre occurred), which is over 100 miles to the southeast.

Commerce City, Colorado
Commerce City is a home rule city located in Adams County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 62,418 at the 2020 United States census, a 35.95% increase since the 2010 United States census. Commerce City is the 18th most populous municipality in Colorado. Commerce City is located north of Denver and is a part of the Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Commerce City is known for being the home of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge with its only entrance located in the city.  Dick's Sporting Goods Park, a premier soccer stadium facility in Commerce City, hosts the Colorado Rapids of Major League Soccer.
Seven Acre Shoal
Seven Acre Shoal is a navigational hazard at the east end of Lake Ontario, north of Snake Island, and 9 miles (14 km) west of Kingston, Ontario.

During the War of 1812 the small Upper Canada government schooner Governor Simcoe was able to evade capture by sailing over the shoal, where a pursuing squadron of larger American vessels were too deep to follow.
However she was sunk by a cannon salvo prior to entering Kingston's harbour.

The lake freighter Brulin grounded on the shoal in 1932.

Lake freighter
Lake freighters, or lakers, are bulk carriers operating on the Great Lakes of North America. These vessels are traditionally called boats, although classified as ships. Freighters typically have a long, narrow hull, a raised pilothouse, and the engine located at the rear of the ship.

Lakers have been used since the late 19th century to haul raw material from docks in the Great Lakes and St Lawrence Seaway regions to the industrial centers of Ontario, Quebec, and the American Midwest. The navigation season typically runs from late March through next mid-January due to the formation of ice on the lakes.

The largest lake freighters can travel up to 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) and can carry as much as 78,850 long tons (80,120 t) of bulk cargo.

SS Edmund Fitzgerald, which sank in 1975, became widely known as the largest  vessel to be wrecked on the Great Lakes.
Ernie Nestor
Ernie Nestor (August 19, 1946 – January 26, 2025) was an American college basketball coach, formerly an assistant coach at the University of Missouri. Head coach Frank Haith named Nestor to this post in April, 2011. He was formerly the head coach of the Elon University and George Mason men's basketball teams. Nestor, a native of Philippi, West Virginia, was a long-time assistant at Wake Forest University, including an eight-year stint for head coach Dave Odom. He was also on the coaching staffs of California, James Madison and South Carolina during his career.

1995 ACC men's basketball tournament
The 1995 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball tournament took place in Greensboro, North Carolina, at the Greensboro Coliseum. Wake Forest won the tournament, defeating North Carolina, 82–80, in the championship game. Randolph Childress of Wake Forest was named tournament MVP, scoring 107 points in three games, a tournament record that still stands as of 2020.
Rita Flynn
Rita Flynn (born Edith Flynn; August 16, 1905 – December 31, 1973) was an American film actress. She starred in Fatty Arbuckle comedies and appeared alongside James Cagney and Jean Harlow in The Public Enemy (1931).

Top Speed (film)
Top Speed is a 1930 American Pre-Code musical comedy film released by First National Pictures, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Pictures. It was based on a 1929 stage musical of the same name by Harry Ruby, Guy Bolton and Bert Kalmar. The film stars Joe E. Brown, Bernice Claire, Jack Whiting, Laura Lee, and Frank McHugh.
Alan Rufus
Alan Rufus, alternatively Alanus Rufus (Latin), Alan ar Rouz (Breton), Alain le Roux (French) or Alan the Red (c. 1040 – 1093), 1st Lord of Richmond, was a Breton nobleman, kinsman and companion of William the Conqueror (Duke William II of Normandy) during the Norman Conquest of England.  He was the second son of Eozen Penteur (also known as Eudon, Eudo or Odo, Count of Penthièvre) by Orguen Kernev (also known as Agnes of Cornouaille). William the Conqueror granted Alan Rufus a significant English fief, later known as the Honour of Richmond, in about 1071.

Cornouaille
Cornouaille (French pronunciation: [kɔʁnwaj] ⓘ; Breton: Kernev, Kerne) is a historical region on the west coast of Brittany in West France. The name is cognate with Cornwall in neighbouring Great Britain. This can be explained by the settlement of Cornouaille by migrant princes from Cornwall who created an independent principality founded by Rivelen Mor Marthou, and the founding of the Bishopric of Cornouaille by ancient saints from Cornwall. Celtic Britons and the settlers in Brittany spoke a common language, which later evolved into Breton, Welsh and Cornish.
Spier (surname)
Spier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernd Spier (1944–2017), German schlager singer and record producer

Guy Spier (born 1966), South African/German/lsraeIi Swiss-based investor and author

Jo Spier (1900–1978), Dutch artist and illustrator

Peter Spier (1927–2017), Dutch-born American illustrator and writer

Virgil Spier (born 1981), Dutch athlete

William Spier (1906–1973), American writer, producer, and director for television and radio

William Spier
William Hannan Spier (October 16, 1906 – May 30, 1973) was an American writer, producer, and director for television and radio. He is best known for his radio work, notably Suspense and The Adventures of Sam Spade.
Michael Funk
Michael "Mike" Funk (born August 15, 1986) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Buffalo Sabres.  He was drafted by the Sabres in the second round, 43rd overall, of the 2004 NHL Entry Draft.

2004 NHL entry draft
The 2004 NHL entry draft was the 42nd entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 26 and 27, 2004 at the RBC Center in Raleigh, North Carolina. It is especially notable because it was the last NHL event to take place before the beginning of the 2004–05 NHL lockout, which canceled all the games scheduled for that season.

As of 2025, the remaining active players in the NHL from this draft are Evgeni Malkin and Alexander Ovechkin.
Pyrus pseudopashia
Pyrus pseudopashia is a species of wild pear in the family Rosaceae, native to south-central China. As a crop wild relative of pears, it is in urgent need of conservation. Unfortunately all its accessions in the USDA-ARS National Pyrus Collection appear to have been misidentified or mislabeled.

Agricultural Research Service
The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is the principal in-house research agency of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). ARS is one of four agencies in USDA's Research, Education and Economics mission area. ARS is charged with extending the nation's scientific knowledge and solving agricultural problems through its four national program areas: nutrition, food safety and quality; animal production and protection; natural resources and sustainable agricultural systems; and crop production and protection. ARS research focuses on solving problems affecting Americans every day. The ARS Headquarters is located in the Jamie L. Whitten Building on Independence Avenue in Washington, D.C., and the headquarters staff is located at the George Washington Carver Center (GWCC) in Beltsville, Maryland. For 2018, its budget was $1.2 billion. For 2023, the budget grew to $1.9 billion.
Antonio Fernández del Campo Angulo y Velasco
Antonio Fernández del Campo Angulo y Velasco  (27 September 1619 – 23 December 1681) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Jaén (1671–1681), Bishop of Coria (1669–1671), and Bishop of Tui (1666–1669).

Catholic-Hierarchy.org
Catholic-Hierarchy.org is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Latin Church and the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches that are in full communion with Rome. The website, not officially sanctioned by the Church, is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in Kansas City.
Adgaon, Mulshi
Adgaon is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of the village as per constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India).Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district.  Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Maval taluka
Maval taluka is a taluka in Mawal subdivision of Pune district of state of Maharashtra in India.

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, the taluka comprised 187 villages, a figure that was unchanged from 2001. There were also three census towns at that time - Wadagaon, Khadkale and Kusgaon Budruk. The census towns had their own governing bodies, whilst the gram panchayats which governed the villages numbered 100; there were two villages - Ahirvade and Kamshet - which had no official governing body.
Johnson Draw
Johnson Draw, also formerly known as Johnsons Run and Johnson Creek, is a tributary of the Devils River in Val Verde County, Texas.  It has its source in Crockett County, Texas at 30°56′03″N 101°17′31″W﻿ / ﻿30.93417°N 101.29194°W﻿ / 30.93417; -101.29194, 17.0 miles north northwest of Ozona, Texas.

Crockett County, Texas
Crockett County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,098. The county seat is Ozona. The county was founded in 1875 and later organized in 1891. It is named in honor of Davy Crockett, the frontiersman who died at the Battle of the Alamo.
Tabakalera
Tabakalera is a former tobacco factory in San Sebastián, Basque Autonomous Community, Spain, which was converted into a contemporary culture centre. Located in the Egia district of San Sebastián, next to the Estación del Norte railway station and the Cristina Enea Park, it takes up one of the biggest plots (13.277 m2) of the urban area.

Altadis
Altadis is a Spanish-French multinational purveyor and manufacturer of cigarettes, tobacco and cigars. It was formed via a 1999 merger between Tabacalera, the former Spanish tobacco monopoly and SEITA, the former French tobacco monopoly. Through its international holdings, including ownership of the former Consolidated Cigar Holdings and half ownership of the Cuban state tobacco monopoly, Habanos S.A., Altadis was the largest producer of mass market and premium cigars in the world, as well as the fourth largest producer of tobacco products.

The company was acquired by the British tobacco giant Imperial Tobacco (now Imperial Brands) in 2008, becoming a subsidiary of it.
Glen D. Riley Observatory
Glen D. Riley Observatory  is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by Naperville Astronomical Association.  It was founded 1973 and located in Naperville, Illinois (US). Partnered with the DuPage Valley Observatory, which is equipped with a custom 12.5" astrograph for video imaging; together, they make up the association's "Astronomy Education Center".  The facility is used both by the organization's members and for extensive public outreach.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Inuyama Bridge
The Inuyama Bridge is a bridge over the Kiso River in Japan. It is a laced steel truss bridge which connects Kakamigahara in the Gifu Prefecture with Inuyama in the Aichi Prefecture. The Meitetsu Inuyama Line runs on it.

This bridge was a road-rail bridge before 2000 when a new road bridge was constructed at the lower stream side (west side) of this bridge.

Inuyama, Aichi
Inuyama (犬山市, Inuyama-shi) is a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2019, the city had an estimated population of 73,420 in 31,276 households, and a population density of 980 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 74.90 square kilometres (28.92 sq mi). The name of the city literally translates to "Dog Mountain". The name appears in historical records from 1336, but its origin is unknown.
What Are You Waiting For? (The Saturdays song)
What Are You Waiting For? is a song by British-Irish girl group The Saturdays. It was co-written by MNEK (credited under his real name Uzoechi Emenike), Carla Marie Williams, Annie Rose Yuill (credited as Annie Yuill), Tim Deal, Brian Higgins, Miranda Cooper, Tove Lo (credited as Tove Nilsson), Luke Fritton, Matt Gray, Gavin Harris, Nick Hill and Toby Scott, and produced by Xenomania and Higgins. It was released on 10 August 2014, as the lead and only single from the group's first compilation album, Finest Selection: The Greatest Hits (2014) and is the groups last single before their hiatus

The song charted at number 38 in the UK, making it their lowest-charting single to date. However, it peaked at number 25 on the Official UK Sales Chart and number 31 on the Downloads Chart. Consequently, the song became their seventeenth top 20 hit in Scotland and eighteenth consecutive UK Top 40 single.

Carla Marie Williams
Carla Maria Williams MBE, known professionally as Carla Marie Williams, is a British songwriter and singer. Notable songs she has written or co-written include Beyoncé's "Freedom", Naughty Boy's "Runnin'" and Britney Spears's "Private Show". In 2016, Williams was nominated for two Grammy Awards for her work on Beyoncé's Lemonade album. She is the founder of Girls I Rate.
Murillo, Tolima
Murillo is a town and municipality in the Tolima department of Colombia.  The population of the municipality was 4,953 as of the 2005 census, 1,569 who lived within the town of Murillo, the remainder in rural areas of the municipality.

Murillo is 144 km from the provincial capital, Ibagué. The municipality is bordered on the north by Villahermosa, on the south by Santa Isabel, in the east by Líbano, and to the west by the Departments of Caldas and Risaralda. Murillo is the highest town in the department of Tolima with an altitude of 2950 m above sea level.

The western border of the municipality includes the peaks of Nevado del Ruiz, Nevado El Cisne, and Nevado Santa Isabel.

Nevado de Santa Isabel
Nevado de Santa Isabel (English: "The Snowy of Saint Isabel") is a shield volcano straddling the boundaries of the Colombian departments of Tolima, Caldas, and Risaralda, being the highest point of the latter. The volcano lies approximately 10 kilometers southwest of the larger Nevado del Ruiz volcano. Santa Isabel is the third highest peak in Los Nevados National Natural Park. It is a relatively flat volcano with three domes of nearly equal elevation.
Antonella Bizioli
Antonella Luigina Bizioli (born 29 March 1957 in Villa d'Ogna) is a former Italian long-distance runner who specialized in the marathon race.

She won two medals, with national team, at the World Marathon Cup.

IAAF World Marathon Cup
The IAAF World Marathon Cup was an international event organised by the International Association of Athletics Federations every two years.

From 1997 until 2011 (its final year) it was incorporated with IAAF World Championships in Athletics. The competition is defunct, Daegu 2011 was the last edition.
Pyatnashka Brigade
The Pyatnashka International Brigade, or simply the Pyatnashka, is a military unit of the Russian Volunteer Assault Corps. Until 1 January 2023, it was part of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic (DPR). It is attached to the Volunteer Corps. It mainly consists of international volunteers. The brigade is led by Akhra Avidzba, an officer of Abkhaz origin.

Abkhazians
The Abkhaz people, sometimes referred to as the Abkhazians, are a Northwest Caucasian ethnic group native to Abkhazia—a disputed region on the northeastern coast of the Black Sea. A large Abkhaz diaspora population resides in Turkey, the origins of which lie in the Caucasian War in the late 19th century. Many Abkhaz also live in other parts of the former Soviet Union, particularly in Russia and Ukraine.
More Than I Knew
"More Than I Knew" is a song by Canadian singer Deborah Cox. It was written by Cox along with Thaddeus Dixon, Samantha Nelson-Gums, and Jeremy Gritter for her unreleased sixth studio album Work of Art, initially announced for an August 2015 release through Deco and Primary Wave Music. The song was released as the album's second single on April 14, 2015 and peaked at number 16 on the US Billboard Adult R&B Songs.

Thaddeus Dixon
Thaddeus Gustav Dixon (born January 14, 1984), also known as The Music Man, is an American record producer, songwriter, and music director. He co-produced and co-wrote Meghan Trainor's 2015 single "Better When I'm Dancin'," which she performed for The Peanuts Movie soundtrack. The song received platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Dixon has also worked as a music director and drummer for Bryson Tiller, Khalid and other artists. He's been featured on series including Making the Band and Late Night with Seth Meyers.
2022 Open Quimper Bretagne – Doubles
Ruben Bemelmans and Daniel Masur were the reigning champions but only Bemelmans chose to defend his title, partnering Jonathan Eysseric. Bemelmans lost in the first round to Jonáš Forejtek and Michael Vrbenský.

Albano Olivetti and David Vega Hernández won the title after defeating Sander Arends and David Pel 3–6, 6–4, [10–8] in the final.

David Pel
David Pel (born 9 July 1991) is a Dutch tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of World No. 27 achieved on 29 December 2025. He has won one doubles ATP title with Sander Arends. Pel was a Grand Slam finalist at 2025 Wimbledon with Rinky Hijikata.

Pel competes mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and ITF Men's circuit where he has a 19–16 win-loss record in Challenger finals and a 11–12 record in ITF career doubles finals.
Mauron
Mauron (French pronunciation: [moʁɔ̃]; Breton: Maoron) is a commune in the Morbihan department and Brittany region of north-western France. It lies close to the borders of both Côtes d'Armor and Ille-et-Vilaine. Mauron's location make it a crossroads on the routes connecting Dinan to Vannes and Quimper to Rennes.

Côtes-d'Armor
The Côtes-d'Armor (/koʊt dɑːrmər/ koht dar-mər, /-dɑːrmɔːr/ -⁠dar-mor; French pronunciation: [kot daʁmɔʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Aodoù-an-Arvor, [ˈoːdu ãn ˈarvor]), formerly known as Côtes-du-Nord until 1990 (Breton: Aodoù-an-Hanternoz, [ˈoːdu ãn ˌhãntɛrˈnoːs]), is a department in the north of Brittany, in northwestern France. In 2019, it had a population of 600,582.
Iron Horse Music Hall
The Iron Horse Music Hall is a music venue located in Northampton, Massachusetts, west of Boston and north of Springfield, Massachusetts.  Its motto is Music Alone Shall Live.  The night club showcases a wide variety of musical genres and performing artists in past years, including artists such as Richie Havens, Leo Kottke, Janis Ian, Livingston Taylor, Duke Robillard, Ellis Paul and Vance Gilbert.

Duke Robillard
Michael John "Duke" Robillard (born October 4, 1948) is an American guitarist and singer. He founded the band Roomful of Blues and was a member of the Fabulous Thunderbirds. Although he is known as a rock and blues guitarist, he also plays jazz and swing.
After the Love Has Gone
"After the Love Has Gone" is a song by Earth, Wind & Fire, released in 1979 as the second single from their ninth studio album I Am on ARC/Columbia Records. The song reached No. 2 on both the US Billboard Hot 100 (behind the Knack's "My Sharona") and the Billboard Hot R&B Singles chart, No. 3 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart, and No. 4 on the UK Singles Chart. "After the Love Has Gone" was certified gold in the US by the RIAA and silver in the UK by the BPI.

Verdine White
Verdine Adams White (born Verdine Adams Jr.; July 25, 1951) is an American musician, best known as a founding member and bassist for the band Earth, Wind & Fire. White was placed at No. 19 on Rolling Stone's list of The 50 Greatest Bassists of All Time.
Valor (TV series)
Valor is an American military drama television series created by Kyle Jarrow. The show was produced by CBS Television Studios and Warner Bros. Television, with Anna Fricke and Kyle Jarrow serving as showrunners. The series premiered on The CW on October 9, 2017, as part of the 2017–18 U.S. television season. In November 2017, The CW announced that it would not be ordering any additional episodes of the show beyond the 13 episodes already produced. On May 8, 2018, The CW cancelled Valor after one season.

CBS Studios
CBS Studios, Inc. is an American television production company which is a subsidiary of the CBS Entertainment Group unit of Paramount Skydance Corporation. It was formed on January 17, 2006, by CBS Corporation as CBS Paramount Television, as a renaming of the original incarnation of the Paramount Television studio, as well as its merger with CBS Productions.

It is the television production arm of the CBS network (CBS Productions previously assumed such functions until 2004, when it was merged into Paramount Television), and, along with Warner Bros. Television Studios (a part of Warner Bros. Discovery) and CW Studios (network's recently launched production arm), it is also the television production arm of The CW (in which Paramount has a 12.5% ownership stake; along with Warner Bros. Discovery).
Butenoic acid
Butenoic acid is any of three monocarboxylic acids with an unbranched 4-carbon chain with 3 single bonds and one double bond; that is, with the structural formula HO(O=)C–CH=CH–CH2–H (2-butenoic) or HO(O=)C–CH2–CH=CH–H (3-butenoic).  All have the chemical formula C3H5COOH or C4H6O2.

These compounds are technically mono-unsaturated fatty acids, although some authors may exclude them for being too short.  The three isomers are:

crotonic acid (trans-2-butenoic or (2E)-but-2-enoic acid)

isocrotonic acid (cis-2-butenoic or (2Z)-but-2-enoic acid)

3-butenoic acid (but-3-enoic acid).

Isocrotonic acid
Isocrotonic acid (also known as quartenylic acid; formally named (Z)-2-butenoic acid) is the cis isomer of crotonic acid.  It is an oil, possessing an odor similar to that of brown sugar.  At its boiling point of 171.9 °C, it converts into crotonic acid.  The compound can be prepared from 1,3‑dibromo-2‑butanone via the Favorskii rearrangement.