hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sendia massacre
Sendia massacre (Bengali: সেনদিয়া হত্যাকান্ড) was a massacre of 127 unarmed Bengali Hindus in Sendia village in undivided Faridpur district on 20 May 1971 by the Pakistani Army. 127 Bengali Hindu men, women and children were killed in the massacre. The killers did not spare even the pregnant women, children or the elderly people. 76 out of the dead were women.

Gopalganj District, Bangladesh
Gopalganj District (Bengali: গোপালগঞ্জ জেলা) is a district in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. The district has 1,172,415 inhabitants and its surface area is 1,490 km2. The main town of the district is also called Gopalganj. It is  the bank of the Madhumati river and located at 23°00’47.67" N 89°49’21.41". It is bounded by Faridpur district on the North, Pirojpur and Bagerhat district on the south, and Barisal District on the east and Narail district on the West. Gopalganj is subdivided into five sub-districts (upazilas and thanas). This district has the highest percentage of Hindu population among the districts of Bangladesh, which is about 30 percent.
The Power of the Invisible Sun
The Power of the Invisible Sun is a book published on behalf of Bobby Sager as a philanthropic project.  It is a collection of photographs from areas of the world stricken by war, such as Afghanistan, Rwanda, Pakistan, Palestine, Sri Lanka, Kenya or Zimbabwe, depicting children living and dealing with conflict.  Its aim is to inspire activism through the intimate encounters with those children provided by the images.

As part of this project, comes the initiative of using the benefits coming from the selling of the book to the "Hope is a game-changer project" providing the kids over the most difficult places around the world with indestructible soccer balls as a lasting symbol of hope.

Bobby Sager
In war torn countries around the world, philanthropist and photographer Bobby Sager has discovered the transcendent power of hope through people's eyes, despite unthinkable violence and destruction. His portraits reveal joy, innocence, and strength; and have been seen live by millions of people around the globe at concerts, exhibitions, and events.
Noyabrsk
Noyabrsk (Russian: Ноя́брьск, IPA: [nɐˈjabrʲsk]; Tundra Nenets: Нюдя Пэвдей марˮ, romanized: Njudja Pəvdej marꜧ; Forest Nenets: Нюча пэ”дя”й марˮ, romanized: Njuča pəꜧdjaꜧj marꜧ) is the second largest city in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located in the middle of the  West Siberian oil fields, on the Tyumen–Novy Urengoy railway about 300 kilometers (190 mi) north of Surgut. Population: 110,620 (2010 Census).

Forest Nenets language
Forest Nenets (Neshan) is a Samoyedic language spoken in northern Russia, around the Agan, Pur, Lyamin and Nadym rivers, by the Nenets people. It is closely related to the Tundra Nenets language, and the two are still sometimes seen as simply being dialects of a single Nenets language, despite there being low mutual intelligibility between the two. The next closest relatives are Nganasan and Enets, after them Selkup, and even more distantly the other Uralic languages.
Global Release Identifier
The Global Release Identifier (GRid) is a system to identify releases of digital sound recordings (and other digital data) for electronic distribution. It is designed to be integrated with identification systems deployed by key stakeholders from across the music industry.

(GRid should not be confused with the Global Repertoire Database (GRD), a system to track ownership and control of musical works, which was planned from 2008–2014 but ultimately failed.)

Stakeholder (corporate)
In a corporation, a stakeholder is a member of "groups without whose support the organization would cease to exist", as defined in the first usage of the word in a 1963 internal memorandum at the Stanford Research Institute. The theory was later developed and championed by R. Edward Freeman in the 1980s. Since then it has gained wide acceptance in business practice and in theorizing relating to strategic management, corporate governance, business purpose and corporate social responsibility (CSR). The definition of corporate responsibilities through a classification of stakeholders to consider has been criticized as creating a false dichotomy between the "shareholder model" and the "stakeholder model", or a false analogy of the obligations towards shareholders and other interested parties.
2025–26 Southeastern Conference men's basketball season
The 2025–26 Southeastern Conference men's basketball season began with practices in October 2025. The season officially started on November 3, 2025, as part of the 2025–26 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Conference play is scheduled to begin on January 3, 2026, and conclude on March 7, 2026. The 16 member teams will then participate in the 2026 SEC men's basketball tournament, scheduled for March 11–15, 2026, at Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee.

This is the second season with 16 members, as Texas and Oklahoma joined the conference in 2025.

2026 SEC men's basketball tournament
The 2026 SEC men's basketball tournament will be the postseason men's basketball tournament for the 2025–26 season for the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The tournament will be held from March 11–15, 2026 at Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. The winner will receive the conference's automatic bid to the 2026 NCAA tournament.
Portland, Ontario
Portland is a police village and unincorporated place located in the municipal township of Rideau Lakes, United Counties of Leeds and Grenville in eastern Ontario, Canada. The community is on Ontario Highway 15 about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Ontario Highway 401 at Kingston by road, and is situated in geographic Bastard Township on the southeast side of Big Rideau Lake.

Eastern Ontario
Eastern Ontario (census population 1,892,332 in 2021) (French: Est de l'Ontario) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies a wedge-shaped area bounded by the Ottawa River and Quebec to the northeast and east, the St. Lawrence River and New York to the south, and Northern Ontario and Central Ontario to the west and northwest.
Samuel of Nehardea
Samuel of Nehardea or Samuel bar Abba, often simply called Samuel (Hebrew: שמואל) and occasionally Mar Samuel, was a Jewish Amora of the first generation; son of Abba bar Abba and head of the Yeshiva at Nehardea, Babylonia. He was a teacher of halakha, judge, physician, and astronomer. He was born about 165 CE at Nehardea, and died there in 254 CE. In the Talmud, Samuel is frequently associated with Abba Arikha ("Rav"), with whom he debated on many issues.

Sura (city)
Sura (Syriac: ܫܘܪܐ) was a city in the southern part of the area called by ancient Jewish sources Babylonia, located east of the Euphrates. It was well-known for its agricultural produce, which included grapes, wheat, and barley. It was also a major center of Torah scholarship and home of an important yeshiva—the Sura Academy—which, together with the yeshivas in Pumbedita and Nehardea, gave rise to the Babylonian Talmud.
2013 Fed Cup Americas Zone Group II – Pool B
Group B of the 2013 Fed Cup Americas Zone Group II was one of two pools in the Americas zone of the 2013 Fed Cup. Five teams competed in a round robin competition, with the teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to the 2014 Group I.

Pool (cue sports)
Pool is a group of cue sports played on a billiard table. The table has six pockets along the rails, into which balls are shot. Of the many different pool games, the most popular include: eight-ball, blackball, nine-ball, ten-ball, seven-ball, straight pool, one-pocket, and bank pool. Eight-ball is the most frequently played discipline of pool, and it is often thought of as synonymous with "pool".

The generic term pocket billiards is sometimes also used, and favored by some pool-industry bodies, but is technically a broader classification, including games such as snooker, Russian pyramid, and kaisa, which are not referred to as pool games. There are also hybrid games combining aspects of both pool and carom billiards, such as American four-ball billiards, bottle pool, cowboy pool, and English billiards.
Dagger symmetric monoidal category
In the mathematical field of category theory, a dagger symmetric monoidal category is a monoidal category  that also possesses a dagger structure. That is, this category comes equipped not only with a tensor product in the category theoretic sense but also with a dagger structure, which is used to describe unitary morphisms and self-adjoint morphisms in : abstract analogues of those found in FdHilb, the category of finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. This type of category was introduced by Peter Selinger as an intermediate structure between dagger categories and the dagger compact categories that are used in categorical quantum mechanics, an area that now also considers dagger symmetric monoidal categories when dealing with infinite-dimensional quantum mechanical concepts.

Unitary operator
In functional analysis, a unitary operator is a surjective bounded operator on a Hilbert space that preserves the inner product.
Non-trivial examples include rotations,  reflections, and the Fourier operator.
Unitary operators generalize unitary matrices.
Unitary operators are usually taken as operating on a Hilbert space, but the same notion serves to define the concept of isomorphism between Hilbert spaces.
1977 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Nagaland Legislative Assembly were held in November 1977 to elect members of the 60 constituencies in Nagaland, India. United Democratic Front won the majority of seats and Vizol Koso was appointed as the Chief Minister of Nagaland for his second term. The number of constituencies was set as 60 by the recommendation of the Delimitation Commission of India.

These were the first elections held in Nagaland after the Shillong Accord of 1975.

Chief Minister of Nagaland
The Chief Minister of Nagaland is the chief executive of the Indian state of Nagaland. As per the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the Nagaland Legislative Assembly, the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.

Since 1963, eleven people belonging to seven parties have served as chief minister of Nagaland. The first three belonged to the Nagaland Nationalist Organisation, including the inaugural officeholder P. Shilu Ao. The current incumbent is Neiphiu Rio of the Naga People's Front, in office since 8 March 2018.
French frigate Cléopâtre
Several ships of the French Navy have borne the name Cléopâtre in honour of Cleopatra, pharaoh of Egypt:

Cléopâtre (1781), a 32-gun Vénus-class frigate

Cléopâtre (1817), a 40-gun Armide-class frigate

Cléopâtre (1838), a 52-gun Artémise-class frigate

French frigate Cléopâtre (1838)
Cléopâtre  was a 50-gun frigate of the Artémise class that served in the French Navy. Launched in 1838 after an almost 11-year period of construction, she was in commission for only three months during her transfer from Saint Servan to Brest.  She was recommissioned in 1842.  In 1843 the Cléopâtre rescued all 34 people aboard the Regular East Indiaman that had been abandoned during a voyage from London to Bombay.  She sailed to Japan in 1846 in an attempt to open up trade with that country and served as a transport during the Crimean War of 1853–1856.  She was used as a storage hulk after 1864 and broken up in 1869.
Viral synapse
Viral synapse (or virological synapse) is a  molecularly organized cellular junction that is similar in some aspects to immunological synapses. Many viruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) have been shown to instigate the formation of these junctions between the infected ("donor") and uninfected ("target") cell to allow cell-to-cell transmission. As viral synapses allow the virus to spread directly from cell to cell, they also provide a means by which the virus can escape neutralising antibodies.

Herpes simplex virus
Herpes simplex virus 1  and 2  (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are two members of the human Herpesviridae family, a set of viruses that produce viral infections in the majority of humans. Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 are very common and contagious. They can be spread when an infected person begins shedding the virus.

As of 2016, about 67% of the world population under the age of 50 had HSV-1. Because it can be transmitted through any intimate contact, it is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections.
Scott Otten
Scott Otten (born 19 July 1994) is a Welsh former rugby union player who played for Ospreys as a hooker. He also played for the Wales under-20 international side.

Otten made his debut for the Ospreys in 2013 having previously played for the Ospreys academy, Aberavon RFC, Neath RFC, Swansea RFC and Waunarlwydd RFC.

In May 2021, based on medical advice, he retired from professional rugby after a neck injury back in January of the same year.

Neath RFC
Neath Rugby Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Castell-Nedd) is a Welsh rugby union club which plays in the Indigo Premiership for Season 2024/25. The club's home ground is The Gnoll, Neath. The team is known as the  All Blacks because of the team colours: black with only a white cross pattée as an emblem. They were formed in 1871. They are feeder club to the Ospreys regional team.
General Joseph Colton
Joseph Colton, the original G.I. Joe, is a fictional character from G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero, a line of military-themed toys created by Hasbro. He also appeared as a character later in the comic book series, but did not appear in any of the animated series. He is portrayed by Bruce Willis in the film G.I. Joe: Retaliation.

G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (also known as Action Force in Finland, Sweden and the UK) is a military-themed line of action figures and toys in Hasbro's G.I. Joe franchise. The toyline lasted from 1982 to 1994, producing well over 500 figures and 250 vehicles and playsets. The line reappeared in 1997 and has continued in one form or another to the present day. It was supported by two animated series as well as a major comic series published by Marvel Comics.

The toyline continues to play a large part in Hasbro's G.I. Joe franchise.
Glycoside hydrolase family 80
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 80 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.

Glycoside hydrolase family 80 CAZY GH_80 includes enzymes with chitosanase EC 3.2.1.132 activity.

Glycosidic bond
A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of ether bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate.

A glycosidic bond is formed between the hemiacetal or hemiketal group of a saccharide (or a molecule derived from a saccharide) and the hydroxyl group of some compound such as an alcohol. A substance containing a glycosidic bond is a glycoside.

The term 'glycoside' is now extended to also cover compounds with bonds formed between hemiacetal (or hemiketal) groups of sugars and several chemical groups other than hydroxyls, such as -SR (thioglycosides), -SeR (selenoglycosides), -NR1R2 (N-glycosides), or even -CR1R2R3 (C-glycosides).

Particularly in naturally occurring glycosides, the compound ROH from which the carbohydrate residue has been removed is often termed the aglycone, and the carbohydrate residue itself is sometimes referred to as the 'glycone'.
Shops at the Mart
The Shops at the Mart is a group of shops on the first two floors of the Merchandise Mart in Chicago, Illinois. Its retailers serve two markets: convenience retail and dining for local employees and residents, and Luxehome, a collection of luxury retailers of kitchen and bath furnishings that complements the Mart's historic role as a hub for the interior decorating trade.

It opened in September 1991 and was originally anchored by Carson Pirie Scott & Co. and The Limited. However, retailers struggled to draw customers away from established retail centers in the State Street and Magnificent Mile areas, and in September 2003 the core of the mall was rechristened as LuxeHome.

The Limited
The Limited is an American clothing brand sold exclusively through Belk. The Limited began with operating retail stores between the early 1960s and the late 2010s. In 2017, it became a brand owned by the private equity firm Sycamore Partners.
Shelby Babcock
Shelby Jean Babcock (born February 26, 1992) is an American, former collegiate right-handed softball pitcher originally from Broomfield, Colorado. She attended Legacy High School. She attended the University of Arizona, where she was a starting pitcher for the Arizona Wildcats softball team from 2011 to 2014. Babcock currently teaches pitching in Colorado.

Broomfield, Colorado
Broomfield is a consolidated city and county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. It has a consolidated government which operates under Article XX, Sections 10–13 of the Constitution of the State of Colorado. Broomfield's population was 74,112 at the 2020 United States census, making it the 15th most populous municipality and the 12th most populous county in Colorado. Broomfield is a part of the ten-county Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the 18-county Front Range Urban Corridor.
Gradina Tower
Gradina Tower  is a remainder of a military fortification (Gradina) in the village of Radljevo, 11 kilometers from Ivanjica, in Serbia. Today, the tower is a culturally-historical monument.

The monument consists of a tower and remains of a bastion of a military fortification. Next to the fortress, there is a church dedicated to St. Elias.

To the ramparts, whose highest point is at 635m, leads a steep winding dirt road. From one side protected by Moravica and the rocks, this object could easily control communication route from Užice to Sjenica, but also the one that leads to the valley of the Ibar River.

Tower
A tower is a tall structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting structures.

Towers are specifically distinguished from buildings in that they are built not to be habitable but to serve other functions using the height of the tower. For example, the height of a clock tower improves the visibility of the clock, and the height of a tower in a fortified building such as a castle increases the visibility of the surroundings for defensive purposes. Towers may also be built for observation, leisure, or telecommunication purposes. A tower can stand alone or be supported by adjacent buildings, or it may be a feature on top of a larger structure or building.
Avadhara
Avadhara (sometimes referred to as Auadhara; Georgian: ავადჰარა; Abkhaz: Ауадҳара, Awadhara) is a climatological resort in Abkhazia, Georgia. The resort lies on the southwestern slopes of the Avadhara Range at an elevation of 1,600 meters (5,200 feet) above sea level. Mount Avadhara elevation 2,960 meters (9,710 feet). Avadhara is surrounded by fir, spruce, and beech forests. The area experiences cool summers and relatively cold winters.

Abies nordmanniana
Abies nordmanniana, the Nordmann fir or Caucasian fir, is a fir indigenous to the mountains south and east of the Black Sea, in Turkey, Georgia and the Russian Caucasus. It occurs at elevations of 900–2,200 m on mountains with precipitation of over 1,000 mm.

The current distribution of the Nordmann fir is associated with the forest refugia that existed during the Ice Age at the eastern and southern Black Sea coast. In spite of currently suitable climate, the species is not found in areas of the Eastern Greater Caucasus, which are separated from the Black Sea Coast by more than 400–500 km.
Bhagwan Singh (politician)
Bhagwan Singh was an Indian politician from the state of the Madhya Pradesh.
He represented Berasia Vidhan Sabha constituency of undivided Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly by winning General election of 1957.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
András Frank
András Frank (born 3 June 1949) is a Hungarian mathematician, working in combinatorics, especially in graph theory, and combinatorial optimisation. He is director of the Institute of Mathematics of the Faculty of Sciences of the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest.

Combinatorial optimization
Combinatorial optimization is a subfield of mathematical optimization  that consists of finding an optimal object from a finite set of objects, where the set of feasible solutions is discrete or can be reduced to a discrete set. Typical combinatorial optimization problems are the travelling salesman problem ("TSP"), the minimum spanning tree problem ("MST"), and the knapsack problem. In many such problems, such as the ones previously mentioned, exhaustive search is not tractable, and so specialized algorithms that quickly rule out large parts of the search space or approximation algorithms must be resorted to instead.

Combinatorial optimization is related to operations research, algorithm theory, and computational complexity theory. It has important applications in several fields, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, auction theory, software engineering, VLSI, applied mathematics and theoretical computer science.