hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geminal halide hydrolysis
Geminal halide hydrolysis is an organic reaction. The reactants are geminal dihalides with a water molecule or a hydroxide ion. The reaction yields ketones from secondary halides or aldehydes from primary halides.

Hydroxide
Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH−. It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a single covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge. It is an important but usually minor constituent of water. It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile, and a catalyst. The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions. Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.
The corresponding electrically neutral compound HO• is the hydroxyl radical. The corresponding covalently bound group −OH of atoms is the hydroxy group.
Both the hydroxide ion and hydroxy group are nucleophiles and can act as catalysts in organic chemistry.

Many inorganic substances which bear the word hydroxide in their names are not ionic compounds of the hydroxide ion, but covalent compounds which contain hydroxy groups.
Projective cone
A projective cone (or just cone) in projective geometry is the union of all lines that intersect a projective subspace R (the apex of the cone) and an arbitrary subset A (the basis) of some other subspace S, disjoint from R.

In the special case that R is a single point, S is a plane, and A is a conic section on S, the projective cone is a conical surface; hence the name.

Union (set theory)
In set theory, the union (denoted by ∪) of a collection of sets is the set of all elements in the collection. It is one of the fundamental operations through which sets can be combined and related to each other. 
A nullary union refers to a union of zero (⁠⁠) sets and it is by definition equal to the empty set.

For explanation of the symbols used in this article, refer to the table of mathematical symbols.
Ammayi Kosam
Ammayi Kosam (transl. For the girl) is a 2001 Indian Telugu-language drama film produced by Pokuri Baburao and directed by Muppalaneni Shiva. This film stars Ravi Teja, Meena, Sai Kumar, Vineeth, Ali, and Siva Reddy in the main roles.

The story of this films revolves around four unemployed youth getting attracted to a girl and find their destination with her inspiration. The film was a remake of Tamil film Thulli Thirintha Kaalam.

P. Sai Kumar
Pudipeddi Sai Kumar (born 27 July 1960) is an Indian actor, dubbing artist, and television presenter who works primarily in Telugu and Kannada cinema. He has received three Filmfare Awards, two Nandi Awards, and two South Indian International Movie Awards (SIIMA). His performance in Prasthanam (2010) was included in the "100 Greatest Performances of the Decade" by Film Companion. In addition to acting, he has worked extensively as a dubbing artist.
St Peter's Church, Heversham
St Peter's Church is in the village of Heversham, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Kendal, the archdeaconry of Westmorland and Furness, and the diocese of Carlisle. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.

The parish was formerly much larger than now, and the church stands on one of the oldest Christian sites in the historic county of Westmorland. Its benefice is united with that of St Thomas, Milnthorpe.

Westmorland
Westmorland (/ˈwɛstmərlənd/, formerly also spelt Westmoreland) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The area included part of the Lake District and the southern Vale of Eden, and its inhabitants were known as Westmerians.

The county had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria together with Cumberland, the Sedbergh area of Yorkshire, and the Furness area of Lancashire. It gives its name to the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area, which covers a larger area than the historic county.
Pustkowo, Białogard County
Pustkowo [pustˈkɔvɔ] (German: Pustchow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Białogard, within Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north of Białogard and 120 km (75 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Białogard
Białogard (pronounced [bjaˈwɔɡart] ⓘ; German: Belgard [ˈbɛlɡaʁt]; Pomeranian: Biôłogard) is a historic town in Middle Pomerania, northwestern Poland, with 23,614 inhabitants as of December 2021. The capital of Białogard County in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Bialogard is one of the oldest towns in Pomerania, which developed from an early medieval fortified stronghold. It prospered as a center of trade and crafts. Today it is a small industrial centre and a site for natural gas extraction. It is the most important railroad junction of Middle Pomerania, which links Kołobrzeg with Piła and Gdańsk with Stargard. It has a number of heritage sites from different periods, including several medieval town gates and churches.
Goonyella Riverside Mine
Goonyella Riverside Mine is a large open cut coking coal mine in the Bowen Basin. It is one of many coal mines in Central Queensland, Australia and is located at Moranbah about 30 km north of the township. The mine produced 12.4 million tonnes of metallurgical coal from July 2012 to June 2013. In 2019 this figure was 17.1 million tonnes.

It is owned by BHP Mitsubishi Alliance. The Goonyella Upper Seam, the Goonyella Middle Seam and the Goonyella Lower Seam are all mined at the site. The coal is well known for its great coking characteristics. Much of the coal was such a high grade, the wash plants were often programmed to add ash to meet the contracted export quality targets.

Coking
Coking is the process of heating coal in the absence of oxygen to a temperature above 600 °C (1,112 °F) to drive off the volatile components of the raw coal, leaving behind a hard, strong, porous material with a high carbon content called coke. Coke is predominantly carbon. Its porous structure provides a high surface area, allowing it to burn more rapidly, much like how a bundle of tinder burns faster than a solid wooden log. As such, when a kilogram of coke is burned, it releases more heat than a kilogram of the original coal.
Ouachita orogeny
The Ouachita orogeny was a mountain-building event that resulted in the folding and faulting of strata currently exposed in the Ouachita Mountains. The more extensive Ouachita system extends from the current range in Arkansas and Oklahoma southeast to the Black Warrior Basin in Alabama and to the southwest through the Llano, Marathon, and Solitario uplifts in Texas on into Coahuila and Chihuahua in Mexico.

Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum (pl.: strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as either bedding surfaces or bedding planes. Prior to the publication of the International Stratigraphic Guide, older publications have defined a stratum as being either equivalent to a single bed or composed of a number of beds; as a layer greater than 1 cm in thickness and constituting a part of a bed; or a general term that includes both bed and lamina. Related terms are substrate and substratum (pl.substrata), a stratum underlying another stratum.
Kailash Chandra Meghwal
Kailash Chandra Meghwal (born 22 March 1934) is a former Speaker of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, former union minister of state in Government of India and a national vice president of Bharatiya Janata Party. He is the MLA of Shahpura, Bhilwara constituency of Rajasthan in 14th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly & Ex-MP Tonk constituency of Rajasthan in 14th Lok Sabha. He was minister of state for social justice and empowerment from 2003 to 2004.

Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
The Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (ISO: Rājāsthān Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rajasthan. It is a vital part of the state government, responsible for making and implementing laws.

The assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan situated in Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
Centrolene lynchi
Centrolene lynchi, also known as Lynch's giant glass frog, Lynch's glassfrog, and the Tandayapa giant glass frog, is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in the Risaralda Department and Nariño Department on the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia and on the western Andes in the Pichincha, Cotopaxi, and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas Provinces, Ecuador. It is named after John Douglas Lynch, the herpetologist who collected the first specimens of this species.

Glass frog
The glass frogs belong to the amphibian family Centrolenidae (order Anura), native to the Central American and Colombian rainforests. The general background coloration of most glass frogs is primarily lime green, the abdominal skin of some members of this family is transparent and translucent, giving the glass frog its common name. The internal viscera, including the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, are visible through the skin. When active, their blood makes them visible; when sleeping, most of the blood is concealed in the liver, hiding them. Glass frogs are arboreal, living mainly in trees, feeding on small insects and only coming out for mating season. Their transparency conceals them very effectively when sleeping on a green leaf, as they habitually do. However, climate change and habitat fragmentation have been threatening the survival rates of the family.
Lutheran Social Services of Illinois
Lutheran Social Services of Illinois (LSSI) is the social service arm of  the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)'s three Illinois synods. It is headquartered in Des Plaines IL.

LSSI started in 1867 as an orphanage for children who lost their parents in the cholera epidemic.

LSSI Services include foster care, mental health services, alcohol and drug treatment, affordable senior housing, residential programs for people with developmental disabilities, and services that help families who have been impacted by incarceration. LSSI serves over 50,000 Illinois residents each year.

LSSI is Accredited, Licensed, Certified, and Approved by several Local/State/Federal Government agencies as well as several business groups. It is the largest non governmental statewide social service provider in Illinois.

Drug rehabilitation
Drug rehabilitation is the process of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive substances such as alcohol, prescription drugs, and street drugs such as cannabis, cocaine, heroin, and amphetamines. The general intent is to enable the patient to confront substance dependence, if present, and stop substance misuse to avoid the psychological, legal, financial, social, and medical consequences that can be caused.

Treatment includes medication for comorbidities, counseling by experts, and sharing of experience with other recovering individuals.
Nisha Sarangh
Nisha Sarangh is an Indian actress who appears in Malayalam films and television serials. She is best known for playing the character of Neelima in the TV sitcom Uppum Mulakum, broadcast on Flowers. She won the Kerala State Television Award for Best Comedian in a Special Jury Category in 2017.

Flowers TV
Flowers TV is an Indian Malayalam-language, general-entertainment, pay television channel owned by Insight Media City. The channel was launched on 12 April 2015. Flowers TV HD feed is only available through their YouTube channel.
Lawrence D. Cohen
Lawrence D. Cohen is an American screenwriter and producer, best known for his work on several adaptations of Stephen King's Carrie, including Brian De Palma's 1976 film and Kimberly Peirce's 2013 film.

Kimberly Peirce
Kimberly Ane Peirce (born September 8, 1967) is an American filmmaker, best known for her debut feature film, Boys Don't Cry (1999). Peirce's second feature, Stop-Loss, was released by Paramount Pictures in 2008. Her third film Carrie was released on October 18, 2013. In addition to directing and writing, she is a governor of the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences and a National Board member of the Directors Guild of America.
Eric Kibi
Eric Mania Kibi (born 4 August 1990) is a Congolese-Canadian basketball player for Colegio Los Leones de Quilpué. Standing at 198 cm (6 ft 6 in), he plays as small forward or power forward. He has been a member of the DR Congo men's national basketball team and is currently not under contract.

Colegio Los Leones de Quilpué
Colegio Los Leones de Quilpué is a Chilean professional basketball club from Quilpué, the capital of the Marga Marga Province in central Chile. The team competes in the international Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol and the national Liga Nacional de Básquetbol de Chile.

Los Leones won their first LNB Chile championship in the 2023–24 season.
IBMX
IBMX (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine), like other methylxanthine derivatives, is both a:

competitive non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor which raises intracellular cAMP, activates PKA, inhibits TNFα and leukotriene synthesis, and reduces inflammation and innate immunity, and

nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist.

As a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, IBMX has IC50 = 2–50 μM and does not inhibit PDE8 or PDE9.

Protein kinase A
In cell biology, protein kinase A (PKA) is a family of serine-threonine kinases whose activity is dependent on cellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP). PKA is also known as cAMP-dependent protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.11). PKA has several functions in the cell, including regulation of glycogen, sugar, and lipid metabolism. It should not be confused with 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMP-activated protein kinase).
Malxələf
Malkhalaf (Azerbaijani: Malxələf) or Maratuk (Armenian: Մարաթուկ) is a village in the Lachin District of Azerbaijan. Prior to October 2023, the village was located in the new corridor between Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh, controlled by Russian peacekeepers, that replaced the Lachin corridor in August 2022.

Lachin District
39°38′0″N 46°33′0″E﻿ / ﻿39.63333°N 46.55000°E﻿ / 39.63333; 46.55000

Lachin District (Azerbaijani: Laçın rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the west of the country, belonging to the East Zangezur Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Kalbajar, Khojaly, Shusha, Khojavend, Qubadli, and the Syunik Province of Armenia. Its capital and largest city is Lachin. As of 2020, the district had a nominal population of 78,600.

The territory of the district was established in 1930 and given the status of a district. The district was occupied by the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh from 1992 until late 2020, when the district was surrendered to Azerbaijan per the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement which ended the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War. A small part of the district, excluding its capital, called the Lachin corridor was controlled by a Russian peacekeeping force until 2024.
Petravičius
Petravičius (masculine), Petravičienė (surname by husband), Petravičiūtė (maide name) is a Lithuanian-language surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Deimantas Petravičius (born 2 September 1995) is a Lithuanian footballer

Marijonas Petravičius (born October 24, 1979) is a Lithuanian retired professional basketball player

Pete Petravicius, pigeon racer

Deimantas Petravičius
Deimantas Petravičius (born 2 September 1995) is a Lithuanian professional footballer who plays as a winger.  Petravičius has previously played for Nottingham Forest, Stevenage, Zagłębie Lubin, Motherwell, Falkirk, Okzhetpes,  Queen of the South, and Águilas.
Boyle Cross
The Boyle Cross is a Grade II listed structure located in the town centre of Frome in Somerset, England. Directly across the road from the George Hotel, it functions as a market cross for the town. It was erected in 1871 and was designed by the Victorian artist Eleanor Vere Boyle, the wife of  Richard Boyle, a chaplain to Queen Victoria who was by then rector of the nearby village of Marston Bigot. He was a descendant of the Anglo-Irish Earls of Cork, long-standing landowners in the area. It was sculpted of Devon marble and weighs approximately a ton. The land for the cross was donated by the Ninth Earl of Cork. Catherine Hill begins a little to the west of the Boyle Cross.

Originally designed as a fountain supplied by a channel running down from a well at the Church of St John the Baptist, this function has been restored in recent years.

Marston Bigot
Marston Bigot is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Trudoxhill in the Somerset district, in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England. It is near Nunney and 3 miles (5 km) south of Frome. In 1931 the parish had a population of 117.
2022 National Bank Open – Women's singles
Simona Halep defeated Beatriz Haddad Maia in the final, 6–3, 2–6, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2022 Canadian Open. Halep's third Canadian Open title marked the first time in her career she won an event on three occasions and also earned her a ninth WTA 1000 title. This was the last WTA tournament Halep won and her last WTA tournament final. Haddad Maia was the first Brazilian to reach beyond the quarterfinals and contest the final at a WTA 1000 tournament.

Camila Giorgi was the defending champion, but lost in the third round to Jessica Pegula in a rematch of last year's semifinal.

This marked the final Canadian Open appearance for three-time champion and former world No. 1 Serena Williams, who lost in the second round to Belinda Bencic.

WTA 1000 tournaments
The WTA 1000 tournaments are a category of tennis tournaments on the WTA Tour, governed by the Women's Tennis Association. The old WTA Premier Mandatory and Premier 5 tournaments merged into a single highest tier implemented in the 2021 schedule reorganization. Only four of the nine WTA 1000 tournaments were mandatory until 2024, when the category expanded to ten mandatory tournaments.

The ranking points awarded to the winners of these tournaments are 1,000. This compares to 2,000 points for winning a Grand Slam tournament ("major"), up to 1,500 points for winning the WTA Finals, 500 points for winning a WTA 500 tournament, and 250 for winning a WTA 250 tournament.
Chainlock
A chainlock, also known as a smiley, is an improvised weapon which consists of a length of chain or strong cloth attached to a large lock or other piece of metal. The chainlock is mainly used in areas where other hand held weapons, such as knives, are not readily available.

The chainlock is used by swinging the heavy end of the chain at the target. The chainlock is not usually considered to be a lethal weapon, but can cause much damage when used proficiently.

Chainlocks are normally used in gang warfare and they are also popular in punk communities. They are commonly worn around the neck or in belt holes, as a fashion statement or an accessible/discreet way to carry them.

Many jewelry and fashion brands have been inspired by these chainlock necklaces and belt chains, manufacturing non-lethal versions to sell.

Gang
A gang is a group or society of associates, friends, or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collectively, in illegal, and possibly violent, behavior, with such behavior often constituting a form of organized crime.
Villa of Augustus
The so-called Villa of Augustus (Latin: Villa Augustae) is an ancient Roman villa in Somma Vesuviana that may have been owned by Augustus, the first emperor of Rome.

In April 2024, archaeologists from the University of Tokyo claimed to have discovered the possible identity of the villa after excavations that started in 2002.

Villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house that provided an escape from urban life. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became small farming compounds, which were increasingly fortified in Late Antiquity, sometimes transferred to the Church for reuse as a monastery. They gradually re-evolved through the Middle Ages into elegant upper-class country homes. In the early modern period, any comfortable detached house with a garden near a city or town was likely to be described as a villa; most surviving villas have now been engulfed by suburbia. In modern parlance, "villa" can refer to various types and sizes of residences, ranging from the suburban semi-detached double villa to, in some countries, especially around the Mediterranean, residences of above average size in the countryside.
Kerem Alışık
İsmail Kerem Alışık (born 5 June 1960) is a Turkish actor and television presenter. He is the only son of famous actors of Turkish cinema Sadri Alışık and Çolpan İlhan. His uncle is famous writer Attilâ İlhan. Between 1988 and 1993, he was married to actress Sibel Turnagöl. He has appeared in many Turkish series and movies. He played his father's iconic role Turist Ömer in franchise film Arif V 216 again. Also, Mert Fırat portrayed his father Sadri Alışık in film Arif v 216. He is known for his directorship and production of Savaş Ay and the film The Belly Dancer (Dansöz). Most recently he portrayed as Fatin Rüştü Zorlu on the historical series Ben Onu Çok Sevdim.

Arif V 216
Arif V 216 is a 2018 Turkish comedy film directed by Kıvanç Baruönü and written by Cem Yılmaz. It stars Cem Yılmaz, Ozan Güven, Seda Bakan, Zafer Algöz and Özkan Uğur. It is a sequel to A.R.O.G (2008) and G.O.R.A (2004).
With All My Heart (Frankie Laine album)
With All My Heart is a 1955 album by Frankie Laine with the orchestras of Harry Geller and Carl Fischer.

These songs were recorded for the Mercury Records label during the Forties and 1950. Laine was contracted by Columbia Records in 1951. "Get Happy", written by Harold Arlen and Ted Koehler, had already been recorded by Laine with Carl Fischer's Orchestra and was originally released in 1951 with "(I Would Do) Anything for You" by Claude Hopkins, Alexander Hill and Bobby Williams as B-side - also on this album. Fischer had died the year before this album was released.

Harold Arlen
Harold Arlen (born Hyman Arluck; February 15, 1905 – April 23, 1986) was an American composer of popular music, who composed over 500 songs, a number of which have become known worldwide. In addition to composing the songs for the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz (lyrics by Yip Harburg), including "Over the Rainbow", which won him the Oscar for Best Original Song, he was nominated as composer for 8 other Oscar awards. Arlen is a contributor to the Great American Songbook. "Over the Rainbow" was voted the 20th century's No. 1 song by the RIAA and the NEA.
Maxatawny, Pennsylvania
Maxatawny is an unincorporated community and census-designated place located on U.S. Route 222 in Maxatawny Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States, five miles east of Kutztown. It is in the Lehigh watershed and Schaefer Run flows through it to the Little Lehigh Creek. Maxatawny has a post office, with the ZIP code of 19538. Traffic speed on US 222 is reduced to 35 miles-per-hour passing through the village, which borders Lehigh County.

Little Lehigh Creek
Little Lehigh Creek is approximately 24.0 miles (38.6 km) long and is located in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. It is sometimes referred to as the Little Lehigh River. It is the largest tributary of the Lehigh River.

The creek flows in a winding course through the Lehigh Valley. It originates in Longswamp Township in Berks County and flows generally northeast through Lower Macungie Township and Salisbury Township. In the city of Allentown, it receives Jordan Creek, just before flowing into the Lehigh River.

The Little Lehigh has 88.8 square miles (230.0 km2) of drainage area in Lehigh County and 18.7 square miles (48.4 km2) of drainage area in Berks County.