hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ulis Williams
Ulis C. Williams (born October 24, 1941) is an American former athlete, winner of a gold medal in the 4 × 400 meter relay at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He later served as President of Compton Community College in Compton, California, from 1996 to 2005.

Born in Hollandale, Mississippi, Williams won the AAU championships in the 440-yard dash in 1962 and 1963. In 1962, he was named Track and Field News High School Athlete of the Year. After graduating Compton High School, Williams enrolled at Arizona State University and won the NCAA championships in 440 yd in 1963 and 400 m in 1964.

At the Tokyo Olympics, Williams was fifth in 400 m and ran the third leg on the American 4 × 400 m relay team that won the gold medal with a new world record of 3.00.7.

After finishing his athletic career, Williams worked at Compton Community College for almost three decades, serving in numerous positions of increasing responsibility before assuming the post of Superintendent/President in March 1996.

440-yard dash
The 440-yard dash, or quarter-mile race, is an obsolete sprint race in track and field competitions.

In many countries, athletes competed in the 440 yard dash (402.336 m) – which corresponds to a quarter mile. Many athletic tracks were 440 yards per lap. In the 19th century it was thought of as a middle distance race.
Laurens Looije
Laurens Christiaan Looije (born January 12, 1973, in The Hague, South Holland) is a Dutch pole vaulter, who represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States.

Looije finished 8th in the pole vault final at the 2006 European Athletics Championships in Gothenburg. He was also the 1992 World Junior champion, and won a bronze medal at the 2001 Summer Universiade.

His personal best is 5.71 metres, achieved in August 1998 in Hechtel. He is a five times outdoor and nine times indoor Dutch national champion.

1992 World Junior Championships in Athletics
The 1992 World Junior Championships in Athletics was the fourth edition of the international athletics competition for athletes aged 19 years or under. It was held in Seoul, South Korea from September 16 to September 20, 1992.
Pogonomys
Pogonomys is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae, found in New Guinea and the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, with one species (the prehensile-tailed rat) being found also in Australia.

Species include:

Champion's tree mouse (Pogonomys championi)

D'Entrecasteaux Archipelago pogonomys (Pogonomys fergussoniensis)

Large tree mouse (Pogonomys loriae)

Chestnut tree mouse (Pogonomys macrourus)

Prehensile-tailed rat (Pogonomys mollipilosus)

Gray-bellied tree mouse (Pogonomys sylvestris)

Muridae
The Muridae, or murids, are either the largest or second-largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 870 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia.

The name Muridae comes from the Latin mus (genitive muris), meaning "mouse", since all true mice belong to the family, with the more typical mice belonging to the genus Mus.
Tromsø Midnight Sun Marathon
69°38′44.1″N 19°0′51.8″E﻿ / ﻿69.645583°N 19.014389°E﻿ / 69.645583; 19.014389

The Midnight Sun Marathon is the world’s northernmost marathon certified by the Association of International Marathons and Distance Races (AIMS). Held annually in June in the Norwegian city of Tromsø, the race starts and finishes in Tromsø’s city center with a scenic course that includes two crossings of the iconic Tromsø Bridge.

Due to the city's location about 350 kilometers north of the Arctic Circle, the event is known for offering runners the rare experience of racing under the natural phenomenon of the midnight sun.

Midnight sun
Midnight sun, also known as polar day, is a natural phenomenon that occurs in the summer months in places north of the Arctic Circle or south of the Antarctic Circle, when the Sun remains visible at the local midnight. When midnight sun is seen in the Arctic, the Sun appears to move from left to right. In Antarctica, the equivalent apparent motion is from right to left. This occurs at latitudes ranging from approximately 65°44' to exactly 90° north or south, and does not stop exactly at the Arctic Circle or the Antarctic Circle, due to refraction.

The opposite phenomenon, polar night, occurs in winter, when the Sun stays below the horizon throughout the day.
Hunziker
Hunziker is a surname from Switzerland. The name most likely originates from the name of a small village in Canton Lucerne. Within Switzerland, the family expanded with a large presence in the Kulm, Zofingen, and Aarau districts of Canton Aargau and smaller concentrations in Cantons Bern, Lucerne, and Zürich. Significant emigration to the United States and Canada has occurred over several centuries. In the U.S., the name has commonly been anglicized to Hunsaker, Hunsicker, Hunsinger, Huntsinger, Hunsucker and many other variants.

Kulm District
Kulm District is a district in the canton of Aargau, Switzerland. It is located west of Lake Hallwil and covers parts of the Wyna and Suhre valleys. The principal town is Unterkulm; the largest municipality is Reinach. The district contains 16 municipalities, is 101.35 km2 in area and has a population of 42,878 (as of 31 December 2020).
Darragh Coen
Darragh Coen (born 1975) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a right corner-forward for the Galway senior team.

Born in Clarinbridge, County Galway, Coen first played competitive hurling in his youth. He enjoyed championship success at under-age levels with the Clarinbridge club. Landers subsequently joined the Clarinbridge senior team and won one Connacht medal and one championship medal.

Coen made his début on the inter-county scene when he first linked up with the Galway minor team. An All-Ireland medal winner in this grade, he later lined out with the under-21 team with whom he also enjoyed All-Ireland success. Coen joined the senior team during the 1997 National Hurling League. He went on to play a key role for Galway as a forward and won two Connacht medals.

Clarinbridge GAA
Clarinbridge GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the village of Clarinbridge in County Galway, Ireland.  The club is almost exclusively concerned with the game of hurling. In March 2011, they won their first All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, defeating O'Loughlin Gaels by 2-18 to 0-12 at Croke Park. Michael Donoghue was manager of that team.
Clarabell the Clown
Clarabell the Clown is a character who was part of the main cast on the 1947–1960 series The Howdy Doody Show. Clarabell, a clown who wore a baggy, striped costume, communicated through mime and by honking a horn for "yes" or "no". Clarabell would also spray fellow cast member Buffalo Bob Smith with seltzer.

Soda siphon
The soda siphon (sometimes spelled syphon), also known as the seltzer bottle, siphon seltzer bottle, or just siphon) is a device for storing and dispensing carbonated beverages (typically carbonated water) while maintaining the internal pressure, thereby preventing it from going flat. The carbonated beverage is dispensed using the internal pressure of the bottle, so the setup is not a true siphon in its operation.
ʽUlaysha Prison
ʽUlaysha Prison (also ʽUlaisha, Alisha, Olisha, سجن عليشة) is a prison in Riyadh run by the Saudi Arabian secret police agency Mabahith for arbitrary detention. During the 2011 Saudi Arabian protests, "the only brave man in Saudi Arabia", Khaled al-Johani, was held in 'Ulaysha Prison and it is suspected that several founding members of the Umma Islamic Party are being held there.

Human rights in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy in which all legislative, executive, and judicial power ultimately rests in the hands of the king. The government system concentrates authority within the monarchy, which has drawn international attention and criticism over restrictions on political and civil liberties. While the Kingdom has introduced reforms in recent years, significant challenges remain regarding freedoms of expression, assembly, and political participation. The government is consistently ranked among the "worst of the worst" in Freedom House's annual survey of political and civil rights and was in 2023 ranked as the world's most authoritarian regime.

The regime works to whitewash its record of human rights abuses. For example, it has for more than a decade employed the public relations organization Qorvis MSLGroup, a U.S. subsidiary of Publicis Groupe.
Gagik-Abas
Gagik-Abas, or Gagik-Abas II of Kars (ruled 1029–1065) was the Bagratid king of Kars, ruler of the Kingdom of Vanand. He was the son of Abas I (984–1029). He was a claimant to the throne of Bagratid Armenia after the collapse of the main Bagratid kingdom in 1045.

Gagik-Abas was confronted to the conquests of the Seljuk Turks, who under Alp Arslan  took the old Bagratid capital of Ani in 1064. Hoping to save Kars, he paid homage to the victorious Turks so that they would not lay siege to his city.

In order to obtain protection from the Byzantine Empire, he was constrained to abdicate and cede his lands to the Byzantines and retreat to Anatolia, but Kars was then captured by the Seljuk Turks in 1065. In Baghk and Eastern Syunik, only a few Armenian fortresses remained. He retired to Cappadoccia, where he died in 1069.

Alp Arslan
Alp Arslan (Persian: آلپ ارسلان; full name: Muhammad Alp Arslan bin Dawud Chaghri), was the second sultan of the Seljuk Empire and great-grandson of Seljuk, the eponymous founder of the dynasty and the empire. He reigned from 1063 until his assassination in 1072.

Alp Arsan greatly expanded Seljuk territories and consolidated his power, defeating rivals to the south, east, and northwest. His victory over the Byzantines at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 ushered in the Turkoman settlement of Anatolia. For his military achievements, he earned the name Alp Arslan, which means "Heroic Lion" in Turkish.
Karlo Hmeljak
Karlo Hmeljak (born 8 March 1983 in Koper) is a Slovenian sailor and poet. He competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the men's 470 two-person dinghy with Mitja Nevečny and in the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Men's Laser class.

Koper
Koper (Slovene: [ˈkòːpəɾ] ⓘ; Italian: Capodistria) is the fifth-largest city in Slovenia. Located in the Istrian region in the southwestern part of the country, Koper is the main urban center of the Slovene coast. The Port of Koper is the country's only container port and a major contributor to the economy of the Municipality of Koper. The city is a destination for a number of Mediterranean cruising lines.

Koper is also one of the main road entry points into Slovenia from Italy, which lies to the north of the municipality. The main motorway crossing is at Spodnje Škofije to the north of the city of Koper. The motorway continues into Rabuiese and Trieste. Koper also has a rail connection with the capital city, Ljubljana. On the coast, there is a crossing at Lazaret into Lazzaretto in Muggia municipality in Trieste province. The Italian border crossing is known as San Bartolomeo.
2025 Ladies Open Vienna – Doubles
Emily Appleton and Estelle Cascino were the defending champions but chose not to participate.

Gina Feistel and Marcelina Podlińska won the title, after defeating Madeleine Brooks and Dalila Jakupović 2–6, 7–6(7–3), [10–8] in the final.

Estelle Cascino
Estelle Cascino (born 13 March 1996) is a French tennis player.
She has career-high WTA rankings of world No. 111 in doubles and of No. 406 in singles. She has won 25 titles in doubles and 4 in singles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Alfred Grünwald (librettist)
Alfred Grünwald (1884–1951) was an Austrian author, librettist, and lyricist. Some of his better-known works were written in conjunction with the composers Franz Lehár, Emmerich Kálmán, Oscar Straus, Paul Abraham, and Robert Stolz.

Arthur Maria Rabenalt
Arthur Maria Rabenalt (25 June 1905 – 26 February 1993) was an Austrian film director, writer, and author. He directed more than 90 films between 1934 and 1978. His 1958 film That Won't Keep a Sailor Down was entered into the 1st Moscow International Film Festival. Two years later, his 1960 film Big Request Concert was entered into the 2nd Moscow International Film Festival. His career encompassed both Nazi cinema and West German productions. He also wrote several books on the 1930s and 1940s wave of German cinema.
Patrick Cruttwell
Maurice James Patrick Cruttwell (17 March 1911 – 3 March 1990) was a British literary scholar. He received the Guggenheim Fellowship in 1968. His scholarly works include The Shakespearean Moment and The English Sonnet. His works of fiction include A Kind of Fighting. He was for many years a professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, having previously taught at Kenyon College in Ohio and in California, both in the United States.  Prior to that, he taught at Exeter University College in the United Kingdom and prior to the Second World War at Rangoon University in Burma.  He edited the Penguin collected writings of Samuel Johnson as well as writing extensively on Shakespeare.

Cruttwell was born in Tezpur, Assam in British India, the son of a tea planter. He was educated at Edinburgh Academy. He died in Cambridge, aged 78.

Kenyon College
Kenyon College (/ˈkɛnjən/ KEN-yən) is a private liberal arts college in Gambier, Ohio, United States. It was founded in 1824 by Episcopal Bishop Philander Chase. It is the oldest private institution of higher education in the state of Ohio and enrolls approximately 1,800 undergraduate students. Students can choose from over 50 majors, minors, and concentrations, including self-designed majors.

The college is located on a hill overlooking the Kokosing River and neighbors Mount Vernon, Ohio. Its 1,000-acre (400 ha) campus is set in rural surroundings that host seven ecosystems. There are more than 120 student clubs and organizations. Kenyon athletes are called Owls and compete in the NCAA Division III North Coast Athletic Conference. Kenyon College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
Feminist Initiative
There are several political organisations called the Feminist Initiative:

Feminist Initiative (Sweden), a feminist Swedish political party

Feminist Initiative (Norway), a feminist Norwegian political party

Feminist Initiative (Denmark), a feminist Danish political party

Iniciativa Feminista (Spain), a feminist Spanish political party

Feminist Initiative (Poland), a feminist Polish political party

FemINist INitiative of Canada, a movement to form a moderate feminist political party in Canada

Feminist Initiative (Poland)
The Feminist Initiative (Polish: Inicjatywa Feministyczna, IF) was a minor centre-left Polish political party advocating for women's rights. It was registered on 11 January 2007 and was known as Women's Party (Polish: Partia Kobiet) until the 27th of August 2016. It was dissolved on 19 January 2020.

This party worked to strengthen and defend women's rights, abortion rights, LGBT rights, asylum rights and refugee rights.

In the 21 October 2007 National Assembly election, the party won 0.28% of the popular vote and no seats in the Sejm or the Senate of Poland. In 2011 general election, the party unsuccessfully stood candidates for election to the Sejm from the Democratic Left Alliance lists. In 2016, "Women's Party" was renamed "Feminist Initiative".

After 13 years of existence, the party was dissolved in early 2020.
Ocalea (river)
The Ocalea or Okalea (Ancient Greek: Ὠκαλέα) was a river of ancient Boeotia, flowing midway between Haliartus and Alalcomenae, with the town of Ocalea upon its banks. William Martin Leake who visited the area in the 19th century, describes it as rising in the eastern part of Mount Leibethrium, and issuing through a precipitous gorge lying between the eastern end of Mount Tilphossium and a rocky peak.

William Martin Leake
William Martin Leake FRS (14 January 1777 – 6 January 1860) was an English soldier, spy, topographer, diplomat, antiquarian, writer, and Fellow of the Royal Society. He served in the British Army, spending much of his career in the Mediterranean seaports. He developed an interest in geography and culture of the regions visited, and authored a number of works, mainly about Greece.
Guy Seymour Warre Malet
Guy Seymour Warre Malet (1900–1973) was an English landscape and figure engraver, printmaker, watercolourist and oil painter. He spent a large portion of his life on the island of Sark and many of his images are of the Channel Islands.

He was educated at Downside School, Somerset, from 1911 to 1917.

Malet studied at the London and New Art School under Eastman and John Hassall, and at the Grosvenor School of Modern Art under Iain MacNab. He exhibited at the Royal Academy, the Royal Society of British Artists, the Society of Wood Engravers and the New English Art Club. Malet lived in London, Seaford in Sussex and finally in Ditchling.

His painting of Dunfermline is in the collection of the National Railway Museum in York. From 8 September 2017 to 1 January 2018, a mini-retrospective of his wood engravings was held at the Ditchling Museum of Art + Craft, where his work was last shown in 1968.

Sark
Sark (Sercquiais: Sèr or Cerq, French: Sercq) is an island in the southwestern English Channel, off the coast of Normandy, and part of the archipelago of the Channel Islands. It is part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a self-governing British Crown Dependency, with its own set of laws based on Norman law, and its own parliament. It was a royal fiefdom until 2008, when the Constitution of Sark went into effect.

Sark has a population of about 500. Including the nearby island of Brecqhou, it has an area of 2.10 square miles (5.44 km2). Little Sark is a peninsula joined by a natural but high and very narrow isthmus to the rest of Sark Island.

Sark is one of the few places in the world where cars are banned from roads, and only tractors, bicycles, and horse-drawn vehicles are allowed. In 2011, Sark was designated as a Dark Sky Community and the first Dark Sky Island in the world.
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 40
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 40 IT Service Management and IT Governance is a standardization subcommittee of the Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 40 develops and facilitates the development of international standards, technical reports, and technical specifications within the fields of IT service management and IT governance, with a focus in IT activity such as audit, digital forensics, governance, risk management, outsourcing, service operations and service maintenance. The international secretariat of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 40 is Standards Australia (SA), located in Australia.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
Martin Barrett House
The Martin Barrett House, at 733 S. Pacific in Dillon, Montana, USA, was built in 1912. It was the retirement home of the politician and pioneer rancher Martin Barrett and his wife. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

The eclectic house shows early 20th century architecture in Dillon. It is a two-story square plan building, with red brick facing over wood frame, which reflects influences of Colonial Revival and Prairie School styles.

Dillon, Montana
Dillon is a city in and the county seat of Beaverhead County, Montana, United States. The population was 3,880 at the 2020 census. The city was named for Sidney Dillon (1812–1892), president of Union Pacific Railroad.
Doraemon: Nobita and the Galaxy Super-express
Doraemon: Nobita and the Galaxy Super-Express (ドラえもん: のび太と銀河超特急(エクスプレス), Doraemon; Nobita to Ginga Ekusupuresu), also known as Doraemon and the Galaxy Express, is a 1996 Japanese animated science fiction neo-Western film and the 17th feature-length Doraemon film. It premiered in Japan on March 3, 1996, based on the 16th volume of the same name in the Doraemon Long Stories manga series.

A homage to Leiji Matsumoto's Galaxy Express 999, it was directed by Tsutomu Shibayama and was also partially based on the 1980 Doraemon manga chapter, "A Night on the Galactic Railway".

This was notably the final Doraemon film completed and released during series creator Fujiko F. Fujio's life, as he died months after the release in September 1996 while illustrating the Doraemon's Long Stories manga for the next film, Doraemon: Nobita and the Spiral City.

Leiji Matsumoto
Leiji Matsumoto (Japanese: 松本零士, Hepburn: Matsumoto Reiji; born Akira Matsumoto (松本晟); January 25, 1938 – February 13, 2023) was a Japanese manga artist, and creator of several anime and manga series. His widow Miyako Maki is also a manga artist.

Matsumoto was famous for his works such as Space Battleship Yamato, Space Pirate Captain Harlock, and Galaxy Express 999. His style was characterized by mythological and often tragic storylines with strong moral themes, noble heroes, feminine heroines, and a love of strange worlds and melancholic atmosphere.
Early appropriate care
Early appropriate care (EAC) is a system in orthopaedic trauma surgery aiming to identify serious major trauma patients and treat the most time-critical injuries without adding to their physiological burden.

Fracture
Fracture is the appearance of a crack or complete separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress. The fracture of a solid usually occurs due to the development of certain displacement discontinuity surfaces within the solid. If a displacement develops perpendicular to the surface, it is called a normal tensile crack or simply a crack; if a displacement develops tangentially, it is called a shear crack, slip band, or dislocation.

Brittle fractures occur without any apparent deformation before fracture. Ductile fractures occur after visible deformation. Fracture strength, or breaking strength, is the stress when a specimen fails or fractures. The detailed understanding of how a fracture occurs and develops in materials is the object of fracture mechanics.