hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
RAF Bowmore
Royal Air Force Bowmore or more simply RAF Bowmore is a former seaplane station located in Bowmore, Argyll and Bute, Scotland.

The following units were here at some point:

No. 119 Squadron RAF reformed here on 13 March 1941 and operated Short S.26M and Short S.23M, Consolidated PBY Catalina IB until 4 August 1941

No. 246 Squadron RAF reformed here on 5 August 1942 using Short Sunderland III's until 30 April 1943 when the squadron was disbanded

No. 422 Squadron RCAF between 8 May 1943 and 3 November 1943 operating Sunderland III's

‘G’ Flight was disbanded here on 13 March 1941 and became No. 119 Squadron. The Flight operated S.23 and S.26's.

No. 422 Squadron RCAF
No. 422 Squadron RCAF was a unit of the Royal Canadian Air Force, formed during World War II.

422 General Reconnaissance Squadron formed at RAF Castle Archdale near Lough Erne, Northern Ireland, in April 1942. It was a flying-boat squadron, flying  Cansos and Short Sunderlands to patrol the North Atlantic for German U-boats. They were redesignated a Transport Squadron in June 1945, and disbanded in September 1945.

The squadron was reformed at RCAF Station Uplands in January 1953 as 422 Fighter Squadron. The squadron went to 4 Wing RCAF Station Baden-Soellingen in August 1953, becoming part of the Canadian Armed Forces in 1968. Becoming 422 Fighter Squadron, CAF, it remaining there until deactivation in July 1970.

The squadron was reactivated as 422 Tactical Helicopter Squadron in January 1971, and remained a helicopter squadron until it was disbanded in August 1980.
Saifuddin Saif
Saifuddin Saif (20 March 1922 – 12 July 1993) was a Pakistani lyricist, poet, film producer-director, and the founder of Rehnuma Films, a film studio in Lahore, in 1954.

He was involved in writing poems and lyrics before and after the Partition. However, most of his films written before partition remained unreleased due to political instability in the subcontinent. He was best known for his film Kartar Singh (1959), and is also credited for writing lyrics for Pakistan's historical and first-ever feature film Teri Yaad, which helped him to appear among the prominent writers.

As a poet, he wrote eleven ghazals and four nazms on various subjects, including fifteen on friendship, fifteen on social issues, one on hope, and a poetry collection titled Kham-e-Kakul, also known as Khan-e-Kamal (amazing ruler).

Film studio
A film studio (also known as movie studio or simply studio) is a major entertainment company that makes films. Today, studios are mostly financing and distribution entities. In addition, they may have their own studio facility or facilities; however, most firms in the entertainment industry have never had their own studios, but have rented space from other companies instead. Day-to-day filming operations are generally handled by a production company subsidiary.

Another type of company is an independently owned studio facility, which does not produce motion pictures by itself; such facilities only sell studio space.
Nicolas Chalon du Blé
Nicolas Chalon du Blé, marquis d'Uxelles and Cormatin (24 January 1652 – 10 April 1730) was a French general and Foreign Minister.  He was also created a knight and Marshal of France by Louis XIV, and was a diplomat for Louis XIV and Philippe II, Duke of Orléans.

Marquess
A marquess (UK: /ˈmɑːrkwɪs/; French: marquis [maʁki]) is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German-language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave) and the Italian-language equivalent Marchese. A woman with the rank of a marquess or the wife (or widow) of a marquess is a marchioness (/ˈmɑːrʃənɛs/) or marquise (French: [maʁkiz] ⓘ). These titles are also used to translate equivalent Asian styles, as in Imperial China and Imperial Japan.
Alemão (footballer, born 1961)
Ricardo Rogério de Brito, better known by his nickname Alemão (born November 22, 1961), is a former Brazilian professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. His nickname means German in the Portuguese language. A tenacious and physical yet technically gifted player, Alemão was a strong, consistent, hard-working, and versatile midfielder, who excelled in a holding role as either a defensive midfielder or deep-lying playmaker, due to his tactical intelligence, energy, tackling, and his ability to read the game, as well as his capacity to start attacking plays after winning back possession.

Don Balón Award
From 1976 until 2010, the Spanish sports magazine Don Balón conferred the Don Balón Award (Premio Don Balón) to the best Spanish player, the best foreign player, the best referee and the breakthrough player in La Liga. These awards ceased to exist after the closure of the magazine in 2011.
Alec Nevala-Lee
Alec Nevala-Lee (born May 31, 1980) is an American biographer, novelist, critic, and science fiction writer. He was a Hugo and Locus Award finalist for the group biography Astounding: John W. Campbell, Isaac Asimov, Robert A. Heinlein, L. Ron Hubbard, and the Golden Age of Science Fiction.

His book Inventor of the Future, a biography of the architectural designer and futurist Buckminster Fuller, was selected by Esquire as one of the fifty best biographies of all time.

Collisions, his biography of the physicist Luis W. Alvarez, was an Economist best book of the year.

His next book will be Whiz Kids, a history of the RAND analysts recruited by Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara during the Kennedy administration. He also edits puzzles for the magazine Analog Science Fiction and Fact.

Lightspeed (magazine)
Lightspeed is an American online fantasy and science fiction magazine edited and published by John Joseph Adams. The first issue was published in June 2010 and it has maintained a regular monthly schedule since. The magazine published four original stories and four reprints in every issue, in addition to interviews with the authors and other nonfiction. All of the content published in each issue is available for purchase as an ebook and for free on the magazine's website. Lightspeed also made selected stories available as a free podcast, produced by Audie Award–winning editor Stefan Rudnicki.
Tullyallen, County Louth
Tullyallen (Irish: Tulaigh Álainn, meaning 'beautiful hill') is a village, civil parish and townland (of 224 acres) 6 km north-west of the town of Drogheda in County Louth, Ireland. It is in the historic Barony of Ferrard. It is located in the historical Boyne Valley, in the Catholic parish of Mellifont (named after the nearby Mellifont Abbey); it is also close to Newgrange, Knowth and Dowth burial mounds, Monasterboice monastery, and to the Battle of the Boyne site.

Knowth
Knowth (/ˈnaʊθ/; Irish: Cnóbha) is a prehistoric tomb overlooking the River Boyne in County Meath, Ireland. It comprises a large passage tomb surrounded by 17 smaller tombs, built during the Neolithic era around 3200 BC. It contains the largest assemblage of megalithic art in Europe. Knowth is part of the Brú na Bóinne complex, a World Heritage Site that also includes the similar passage tombs of Newgrange and Dowth.

After its initial period of use, Knowth gradually became a ruin, although the area continued to be a site of ritual activity in the Bronze Age. During the early Middle Ages, a royal residence was built on top of the great mound, which became the seat of the Kings of Knowth or Northern Brega. Archaeologist George Eogan led an extensive investigation of the site from the 1960s to 1980s, and parts of the monument were reconstructed.
United States Probation and Pretrial Services System
The United States Probation and Pretrial Services System, part of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts, is the probation office of the federal judiciary of the United States. It serves the United States district courts in all 94 federal judicial districts nationwide and constitutes the community corrections arm of the Federal Judiciary. It administers probation and supervised release under United States federal law enforced by probation officers.

Federal Bureau of Prisons
The Federal Bureau of Prisons (FBOP) is a federal law enforcement agency of the United States Department of Justice that is responsible for all federal prisons in the country and provides for the care, custody, and control of federal prisoners.
H. Noel Fieldhouse
Horace Noel Fieldhouse, FRSC (died November 25, 1983), known as H. Noel Fieldhouse and H. N. Fieldhouse, was a Canadian historian and academic administrator.

A native of Gibraltar, Fieldhouse was educated at the University of Sheffield and the University of Oxford. During the First World War, he served as a pilot. After teaching at Sheffield and the University of Manitoba, where he was head of the History department, he arrived at McGill University in 1945. After serving as Dean of Arts and Science, Fieldhouse was appointed Vice-Principal of McGill in 1962.

He was President of the Canadian Historical Association in 1946–7.

The H. Noel Fieldhouse Award for Distinguished Teaching at McGill University is named in his honour.

Canadian Historical Association
The Canadian Historical Association (CHA; French: Société historique du Canada, SHC) is a Canadian organization founded in 1922 for the purposes of promoting historical research and scholarship. It is a bilingual, not-for-profit, charitable organization, the largest of its kind in Canada. According to the Association, it "seeks to encourage the integration of historical knowledge and perspectives in both the scholarly and public spheres, to ensure the accessibility of historical resources, and to defend the rights and freedoms of emerging and professional historians in the pursuit of historical inquiry as well as those of history degree holders who utilize the analytical, research, communication, and writing skills they acquired during their studies to pursue a variety of career paths inside or outside of academia."
Mount View, New South Wales
Mount View, New South Wales is a rural locality located in the Hunter Region wine region in New South Wales Australia. It is located Between Cessnock and Wollombi and is a part of the City of Cessnock local government area. It has ideal climate, soil, and temperature for viticultural pursuits, which have been practised here since the mid-19th century. The road from Cessnock to Mount View provides access to the Great North Walk, and to lookouts with excellent views of the Hunter Region.

Great North Walk
The Great North Walk is a walking track which runs from Sydney to Newcastle in New South Wales, Australia. The main track, 250 kilometres (160 mi) in length, runs between the Obelisk in Macquarie Place in Sydney to Queens Wharf in Bicentennial Park in Newcastle and is well sign-posted. There are many "side tracks" which link the track to populated areas along the length of the walk. The walk includes a huge variety of wildlife and scenery.

A 25-kilometre (16 mi) section at the northern, Newcastle end, is also known as the Yuelarbah Track. This section runs from Teralba railway station to the Queens Wharf on Newcastle Harbour. At Kahibah Station, the Great North Walk uses a short section of The Fernleigh Track and passes along the northern side of Glenrock Lagoon to get to the coast.
Le Moss
Le Moss (3 April 1975 – 17 August 2000) was an Irish-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. A specialist stayer, he excelled at distances of two miles and beyond, winning eleven times from fifteen races between 1977 and 1980. He showed good form as a three-year-old, winning the Queen's Vase and finishing second in the classic St Leger, but reached his peak as an older horse. In 1979 he completed the "Stayers' Triple Crown" by winning the Ascot Gold Cup, Goodwood Cup and Doncaster Cup. He won the same three races as a five-year-old, becoming the only horse to achieve this  feat twice. At stud Le Moss had some success as a sire of steeplechasers.

Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe
The Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe (French pronunciation: [pʁi də laʁk də tʁijɔ̃f]) is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp Racecourse in Paris over a distance of 2,400 metres (1 mile 4 furlongs). The race is scheduled to take place each year in the autumn, usually on the first Sunday in October.

With prize money of €5 million, the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, often referred to as the Arc, is Europe's richest flat race. The prize money and prestige of the race attract entries and spectators from across the world. Since 2008 the race has been sponsored by Qatar.
Naemi Herzig
Naemi Herzig (born March 21, 2007) is a Swiss ice hockey player. She is a member of the Switzerland women's national ice hockey team that participated in women's ice hockey tournament at the 2026 Winter Olympics.

Ice hockey at the 2026 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament in ice hockey at the 2026 Winter Olympics took place in Milan, Italy, between 5 and 19 February 2026. Ten countries qualified for the tournament; six via ranking by the IIHF, three via qualification tournaments, and Italy as hosts. Russia and Belarus were banned from competing due to the countries' invasion of Ukraine; players from those two countries were also disallowed from competing under the banner of "Individual Neutral Athletes" (AIN) like those athletes in other Olympic team events.

Canada were the defending champions, having won in 2022. The United States won the gold medal by defeating Canada 2–1 in OT in the gold medal game. Switzerland won the bronze medal for the second time in history.
MTDA
MTDA, or MPDA, also known as 3-methoxy-4,5-trimethylenedioxyamphetamine or as 5-methoxy-TDA, is a chemical compound of the phenethylamine and amphetamine families related to the MDxx compounds like MDMA and the EDxx compounds like EDMA. It is the 5-methoxy derivative of 3,4-trimethylenedioxyamphetamine (TDA) and the analogue of MMDA (5-methoxy-MDA) and MEDA (5-methoxy-EDA) in which the 3,4-alkylenedioxy ring is a further-expanded 3,4-trimethylenedioxy ring. It was synthesized, tested, and described by Alexander Shulgin in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved). He tested it at doses of up to 8 mg orally and observed no activity. He did not expect any activity and did not test higher doses before abandoning it, due to it being "not an interesting compound". MTDA was first described in the scientific literature by Shulgin by 1964.

3,4-Ethylenedioxymethcathinone
3,4-Ethylenedioxymethcathinone, also known as EDMC or 3,4-ethylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone, is a monoamine releasing agent (MRA) of the phenethylamine, EDxx, and cathinone families related to methylone (3,4-methylenedioxymethcathinone; MDMC). It is the β-keto or cathinone analogue of 3,4-ethylenedioxymethamphetamine (EDMA).

EDMC acts as a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA). Its EC50Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration values for induction of monoamine release are 347 nM for serotonin, 327 nM for norepinephrine, and 496 nM for dopamine in rat brain synaptosomes. These potencies were about 1.4-fold, 2.2-fold, and 3.7-fold lower than those of methylone, respectively.

The drug was first described in 2015, whereas EDMA has been described much earlier.
1935 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team
The 1935 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Gonzaga University during the 1935 college football season. In their fifth year under head coach Mike Pecarovich, the Bulldogs compiled a 5–4–1 record and outscored all opponents by a total of 125 to 109.

Fullback George Karamatic and halfback Ed Justice played for Gonzaga in 1935. Both later played years in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins and were inducted into the Gonzaga Athletic Hall of Fame.

1935 college football season
The 1935 college football season was the last one before the Associated Press (AP) writers' poll was used in selecting the national champion. There were seven contemporary math system selectors that year who are informally recognized by the NCAA as "nationwide in scope". The Dickinson System, run by University of Illinois Professor Frank Dickinson, selected Southern Methodist University (SMU) as best in the nation. The Houlgate System, created by Carroll Everard "Deke" Houlgate Sr., also selected SMU. The contemporary Boand, Litkenhous and Poling math rating systems all selected Minnesota as the No. 1 team in the nation. The Dunkel System selected Princeton as its top team. The Williamson System, by Paul O. Williamson of New Orleans, ranked Texas Christian University first.

The 1935 season also marked the first time the Heisman Trophy was awarded. It was won by Jay Berwanger of Chicago.  Quarterback Ray Zeh of Case Western Reserve led the nation in scoring.
Synagogue of the Libertines
According to the Acts of the Apostles, the Synagogue of the Libertines (e.g. King James Version, Wycliffe's Bible) or Synagogue of the Freedmen (e.g. New King James Version, New Revised Standard Version) were a group of Hellenistic Jews who disputed with Saint Stephen in Acts 6:9.

The Greek text of this verse reads:

ανεστησαν δε τινες των εκ της συναγωγης της λεγομενης λιβερτινων και κυρηναιων και αλεξανδρεων και των απο κιλικιας και ασιας συζητουντες τω στεφανω.

or in English:

Then there arose certain of the synagogue, which is called the synagogue of the Libertines, and Cyrenians, and Alexandrians, and of them of Cilicia and of Asia, disputing with Stephen.

New King James Version
The New King James Version (NKJV) is a translation of the Bible in contemporary English, working as a revision of the King James Version. Published by Thomas Nelson, the complete NKJV was released in 1982. With regard to its textual basis, the NKJV relies on a modern critical edition (the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia) for the Old Testament, while opting to use the Textus Receptus for the New Testament.

The NKJV is described by Thomas Nelson as being "scrupulously faithful to the original [King James Version], yet truly updated to enhance its clarity and readability."
Polynesia Cup
The Polynesia Cup (French: Coupe de Polynésie) was a football tournament for Polynesian nations within the Oceania Football Confederation. It acted along with the Melanesia Cup as a qualifying tournament for the OFC Nations Cup. The last tournament was played in 2000.

The tournament involved a round-robin format where every team played each other once at the location of the tournament.

In the first tournament in 1994, Tahiti, fielding a young and inexperienced team, beat Tonga 1-0, American Samoa 2-0 and Western Samoa 7-0. Lolani Koko, a multisport athlete, captained the Western Samoan team. He had competed as a runner in the 1982 Commonwealth Games and was also an international rugby player for Western Samoa.

1982 Commonwealth Games
The 1982 Commonwealth Games were held in Brisbane, Australia, from 30 September to 9 October 1982. The Opening Ceremony was held at the QEII Stadium (named after Elizabeth II), in the Brisbane suburb of Nathan. The QEII Stadium was also the athletics and archery events venue. Other events were held at the purpose-built Sleeman Sports Complex in Chandler.

The Chairman of the 1982 Commonwealth Games was Sir Edward Williams. The 1982 Commonwealth Games Logo was designed by Hugh Edwards. The symbol is derived from the form of a bounding kangaroo. The three bands, forming stylized A's (for Australia), and is in colours which are common to flags of many Commonwealth countries.

The mascot for the games was also designed by Hugh Edwards and is a caricature of a kangaroo was named Matilda. A 13-meter-high (43-foot) mechanical kangaroo travelled around the stadium and winked at the crowd.

The event was officially opened by The Duke of Edinburgh and closed by Elizabeth II.
Pseudoomphalina kalchbrenneri
Pseudoomphalina kalchbrenneri is a species of fungus in the family Tricholomataceae, and the type species of the genus Pseudoomphalina. Originally described as Omphalia kalchbrenneri by Italian mycologist Giacomo Bresadola, the species was made the type species of the then newly created genus Pseudoomphalina by Rolf Singer in 1958. The fungus is found in North America and Europe.

Giacomo Bresadola
Giacomo Bresadola (Mezzana, Trento; often given as Giacopo) 14 February 1847 – Trento 9 June 1929) was an eminent Italian mycologist. Fungi he named include the deadly Lepiota helveola and Inocybe patouillardii, though the latter is now known as Inosperma erubescens as this latter description predated Bresadola's by a year. He was a founding member of the Société mycologique de France (Mycology Society of France).
Train graveyard
A train graveyard (or cemetery) is where trains and rolling stock are discarded while awaiting collection, recycling, or destruction. They might be abandoned and left to decay. The term can also be used to include trams. Such vehicle graveyards are distinguished from an abandoned railway, which is a railway line that is no longer used for that purpose, and abandoned railway stations which are similarly disused. Some train graveyards attract visitors and can be a source of tourism, while others have had a role in preserving the history of the railways.

Glossary of rail transport terms
Rail transport terms are a form of technical terminology applied to railways. Although many terms are uniform across different nations and companies, they are by no means universal, with differences often originating from parallel development of rail transport systems in different parts of the world, and in the national origins of the engineers and managers who built the inaugural rail infrastructure. An example is the term railroad, used (but not exclusively) in North America, and railway, generally used in English-speaking countries outside North America and by the International Union of Railways. In English-speaking countries outside the United Kingdom, a mixture of US and UK terms may exist.

Various terms, both global and specific to individual countries, are listed here. The abbreviation "UIC" refers to terminology adopted by the International Union of Railways in its official publications and thesaurus.
Rong Qiqi
Róng Qǐqī (simplified Chinese: 荣启期; traditional Chinese: 榮啟期; pinyin: Róng Qǐqī) is a mythological Chinese folk hero. He is depicted as a recluse, who shuns material possessions in favour of an ascetic life. Rong was known in Ancient China for a fable involving an alleged encounter with the philosopher Confucius. Although largely forgotten in the following centuries, in his time, the story of his encounter with Confucius was a source of artistic and poetic inspiration. The story is retold in the famous text Liezi, supposedly written by Lie Yukou, a circa 5th-century BCE Hundred Schools of Thought philosopher. Many scholars conclude that Rong Qiqi, while a notable figure in early Chinese literature, is likely fictional or legendary and not historical.

Lie Yukou
Lie Yukou  (Chinese: 列圄寇/列禦寇; pinyin: Liè Yǔkòu; Wade–Giles: Lieh4 Yü4-k‘ou4; Jyutping: Lit6 Jyu6 Kau3; fl. c. 400 BCE) was a Chinese philosopher who is considered the author of the Daoist book Liezi, which uses his honorific name Liezi (Chinese: 列子; pinyin: Lièzǐ; Wade–Giles: Lieh4-tzŭ3; lit. 'Master Lie').
Shahwani
Shahwani is a Baloch tribe, derived from the Arabic term shahwānī (شهواني), which means 'luxurious', 'voluptuous', 'sensual', 'full' or 'loaded'. Notable people with the surname include:

Malik Naseer Ahmed Shahwani, Pakistani politician

Mohammed Abdullah al-Shahwani (born 1938), Iraqi general

Muhammad Yousaf Shahwani (born 1971), Pakistani politician

Nawab Muhammad Khan Shahwani, Pakistani politician

Zeenat Shahwani, Pakistani politician

Nawab Muhammad Khan Shahwani
Nawab Muhammad Khan Shahwani (Urdu نواب محمد خان شاهوانى) is a Pakistani politician who is a Ex member of the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan. Nawab Muhammad Khan Shahwani is Tumandar of Shahwani tribe.