hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Union City, Kentucky
Union City is a community in Madison County, Kentucky. An 1880 Gazetteer describes it as a post-village of Madison County 7 miles northeast of Richmond, Kentucky.

Vaudevillian Andrew Tribble was born in Union City. A historical marker commemorates his life at Union City Park.

Union City is home to Union City Baptist Church, a grocery store, and a Ruritan club.

In 1905 a railroad company was formed to connect it to Tiptonville in Lake County, Tennessee.

Union City is at the junction of Union City Road, 374, Walker Parke Road, and Doylesville Road.

Richmond, Kentucky
Richmond is a home rule-class city in Madison County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 34,585 as of the 2020 census, making it the state's seventh-largest city. It is the principal city of the Richmond–Berea micropolitan area, which includes all of Madison and Rockcastle counties and had 123,000 residents in 2020.

The city is named after Richmond, Virginia and is home to Eastern Kentucky University. Richmond is the county seat of Madison County and serves as the center for work and shopping in south-central Kentucky. Richmond is home to numerous festivals, notably the Millstone Festival.
Emam Reza Metro Station (Tabriz)
Emam Reza Metro Station is a station on Tabriz Metro Line 1. The station opened on 27 August 2015. It is located next on Bakeri Boulevard at Golshahr neighbourhood. It is between Sahand Metro Station and Khayyam Metro Station.

Tabriz Metro
The Tabriz Metro is a rapid transit system serving the city of Tabriz, in northwestern Iran. The first phase opened on 28 August 2015 with a 7 km length and 6 stations. There is also one regional commuter line planned to Sahand.
1960 Tour de France, Stage 11 to Stage 21
The 1960 Tour de France was the 47th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Lille with a flat stage to Brussels on 26 June and Stage 11 occurred on 6 July with a mountainous stage from Pau. The race finished in Paris on 17 July.

Briançon
Briançon (French: [bʁijɑ̃sɔ̃] ⓘ, Occitan: [bɾjanˈsun]) is the sole subprefecture of the Hautes-Alpes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. It is the highest city in France at an altitude of 1,326 metres (4,350 feet), based on the national definition as a community containing more than 2,000 inhabitants. It has about 11,000 inhabitants.

Briançon has been part of the Fortifications of Vauban UNESCO World Heritage Sites since they were established in 2008.
Bhokraha, Sunsari
Bhokraha  is former a village development committee in Sunsari District in the Kosi Zone of south-eastern Nepal.Currently, it merged with Narsinghtappu to become a gaunpalika. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 12,683 people living in 2146 individual households.

Sunsari District
Sunsari District is one of 14 districts in Koshi province of eastern Nepal. The district is located in the eastern part of the Outer Terai and covers an area of 1,257 km2 (485 sq mi).
According to the 2011 Nepal census, the population was 753,328. The district headquarters is located in Inaruwa.

The area was originally part of Morang District but became its own district in 1962 when Nepal was divided into 14 zones and 75 districts.
Major cities in Sunsari district are Inaruwa, Itahari, Jhumka, Dharan, and Duhabi. Some religious places of this district are Budha Subba Temple, Ramdhuni, Chataradham, Baraha, Bishnupaduka, Dantakali, and Pindeshor Babadham.

The lowlands of Limbuwan, present day Sunsari, Morang and Jhapa Districts was collectively known as Morang District since the time of King Mung Mawrong Hang of the 7th century.
Sabah Hakka Complex
Sabah Hakka Complex (Chinese: 沙巴客家情结; Malay: Kompleks Hakka Sabah) is a five-storey building complex with a multi-purpose event hall with a in-house fine dining seafood restaurant located in Lot No. 26, Signal Hill Road, Tanjung Lipat, Likas, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. The building was a gift of the Sabah government to the dominant minority local Hakka Chinese community's contributions to the economy of Sabah since their early migration period with the main building structure is designed after the world-famous traditional Hakka houses in Fujian of China, the Tulao.

Government of Sabah
The Sabah State Government is an authority governing Sabah, one of Borneo states of Malaysia, based in Kota Kinabalu, the state capital. The state government adheres to and is created by both the Federal Constitution of Malaysia, the supreme law of Malaysia, and the Constitution of the State of Sabah, the supreme law of the State.

The state government has only two branches: executive and legislative. Sabah has no judiciary branch due to the federalisation of court system in Malaysia. Although Sabah has jurisdictions towards Sharia and Native Courts (and their respective laws), both courts are still considered a part of the state executive branch.
Dom Shipperley
Dominic Shipperley (born 4 January 1991) is an Australian retired professional rugby union footballer who played for the Australian national team in both test rugby and rugby sevens. In Super Rugby, he played four seasons with the Queensland Reds from 2011 to 2014, and a further two seasons for the Melbourne Rebels. His regular playing position was wing.

Test match (rugby union)
A test match in rugby union is an international match, usually played between two senior national teams, that is recognised as such by at least one of the teams' national governing bodies.

Some teams do not represent a single country but their international games are still considered test matches (for example the British and Irish Lions). Likewise some countries award caps for games between their full national teams and some invitation teams such as the Barbarians.
2022 CONCACAF W Championship final
The 2022 CONCACAF W Championship Final was an association football match between Canada and the United States that took place on 18 July 2022. The match determined the winner of the 2022 CONCACAF W Championship at Estadio BBVA in Guadalupe, Mexico. It was the 11th final of the CONCACAF W Championship, a quadrennial tournament that consists of the women's national teams from CONCACAF to determine the best women's football country in North America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

Both countries had already qualified for the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup. However, the winner qualified directly for the 2024 Summer Olympics and the 2024 CONCACAF W Gold Cup, whereas the runner-up will play the third-placed team in a two-leg play-off for both tournaments as the seeded team (home team in second leg).

2024 CONCACAF W Gold Cup
The 2024 CONCACAF W Gold Cup was the inaugural edition of the CONCACAF W Gold Cup, an international women's soccer competition contested by the senior women's national teams of the member associations of CONCACAF. The tournament was contested by twelve teams from February 20 to March 10, 2024 in the United States. Eight CONCACAF national teams qualified for the tournament, joined by four guest teams from CONMEBOL.

The hosts United States won the inaugural W Gold Cup title by defeating Brazil 1-0 in the final. The match was played at Snapdragon Stadium in San Diego, California, on March 10.
Ormia
Ormia is a small genus of nocturnal flies in the family Tachinidae, that are parasitoids of katydids and crickets.

Flies in this genus have become model organisms in sound localization experiments because of their "ears", which are complex structures inside the fly's prothorax near the bases of the front legs. The most common and widespread species, Ormia ochracea, has been the center of this research.

Charles Henry Tyler Townsend
Charles Henry Tyler Townsend (December 5, 1863 – March 17, 1944) was an American entomologist specializing in the study of tachinids (Tachinidae), a large and diverse family of flies (Diptera) with larvae that are parasitoids of other insects. He was perhaps the most prolific publisher of new tachinids, naming and describing some 3000 species and genera. He made important contributions to the biological control of insect pests and he was the first to identify the insect vector of a debilitating disease in Peru. Townsend was also a controversial figure and criticism of his approach to insect taxonomy continues to this day.
Alterite
Alterite (IMA symbol: Atr) is a yellow-green mineral with the chemical formula Zn2Fe3+4(SO4)4(C2O4)2(OH)4·17H2O. Its type locality is Coconino County, Arizona.
It is found exclusively in logs that have mineralized.

Coconino County, Arizona
Coconino County is a county in the  North-Central part of the U.S. state of Arizona. Its population was 145,101 at the 2020 census. The county seat is Flagstaff. The county takes its name from Cohonino, a name applied to the Havasupai people. It is the second-largest county by area in the contiguous United States, behind San Bernardino County, California. It has 18,661 sq mi (48,332 km2), or 16.4% of Arizona's total area, and is larger than the nine smallest states in the U.S.

Coconino County comprises the Flagstaff metropolitan statistical area, Grand Canyon National Park, the federally recognized Havasupai Nation, and parts of the federally recognized Navajo, Hualapai, and Hopi nations. As a result, its relatively large Native American population makes up nearly 30% of the county's total population; it is mostly Navajo, with smaller numbers of other tribes.

The county was the setting for George Herriman's early 20th-century Krazy Kat comic strip.
Aizat Malik
Husni Aizat Abdul Malik (5 June 1994 – 25 May 2014) was a Malaysian motorcycle racer. He competed in the Moto3 World Championship as a wildcard entrant in the 2013 Malaysian Grand Prix. He died in Kota Tinggi on Sunday 25 May 2014 following a road traffic accident.

2013 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2013 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix was the fifteenth round of the 2013 MotoGP season. It was held at the Sepang International Circuit in Sepang on 13 October 2013.

Spain's Ana Carrasco became the first female rider to score a point since Katja Poensgen at the 2001 Italian Grand Prix, and the first in the Moto3 class. The predecessor 125cc class had its last point scored by a female rider, Tomoko Igata at the 1995 Czech Republic Grand Prix. This also marked the final Grand Prix win in the career of Luis Salom before his death 3 years later at the 2016 Catalan Grand Prix after suffering a fatal crash in the second free practice session.
Loppa (island)
Loppa (Norwegian), Láhppi (Northern Sami), or Lappea (Kven) is an island in Loppa Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway.  The 12-square-kilometre (4.6 sq mi) island lies in the Lopphavet Sea in the western part of the municipality, west of the island of Silda. The small island has one village area (called Loppa) on the southeastern coast. This village used to be the administrative centre of Loppa and an important fishing village for the municipality, but all of the administration of the village was moved to Øksfjord on the mainland. Today, Loppa Church is still located in this village, but there are only a few residents remaining on the island.

Kven language
Kven (kvääni; kainu; Finnish: kveeni; Norwegian: kvensk) is a Finnic language spoken in the northernmost parts of Norway by the Kven people. It is closely related to Meänkieli, spoken in Torne Valley in Sweden, and to the Peräpohjola dialects of Finnish. The status of Kven as a distinct language versus a dialect of Finnish has been debated. In 2005, Kven received the status of a minority language in Norway under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.

There are about 1,500 to 10,000 known native speakers, most of whom are over the age of 60. Middle-aged speakers tend to have a passing knowledge of the language. They use it occasionally, but not frequently enough to keep it off the endangered list. People under the age of 30 rarely speak or know the language. However, children in the community of Børselv can learn Kven in their primary schools.
Cold sensitivity
Cold sensitivity or cold intolerance is unusual discomfort felt by some people when in a cool environment.

Cold sensitivity may be a symptom of hypothyroidism, anemia, low body weight, iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, fevers, fibromyalgia or vasoconstriction. There may also be differences in people in the expression of uncoupling proteins, thus affecting their amount of thermogenesis. Psychology may also play a factor in perceived temperature.

Possible causes include Non-freezing cold injury.

Thermogenesis
Thermogenesis is the process of heat production in the metabolism of organisms.  It occurs in all warm-blooded animals, and also in a few species of thermogenic plants such as the Eastern skunk cabbage, the Voodoo lily (Sauromatum venosum), and the giant water lilies of the genus Victoria. The lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe, Arceuthobium americanum,  disperses its seeds explosively through thermogenesis. Thermoregulation is an important component of a homeothermic animal's resting metabolic rate (RMR) and serves to defend body temperature within narrow limits at low or high ambient temperature.  The energy used to sustain thermogenesis is obtained in cellular respiration when nutrients such as glucose or fatty acids are oxidized to generate molecules of ATP.
1985 Bulgarian Cup final
The 1985 Bulgarian Cup final was the 45th final of the Bulgarian Cup, and was contested between CSKA Sofia and Levski Sofia on 19 June 1985 at Vasil Levski National Stadium in Sofia. CSKA won the final 2–1.

Bulgarian Cup
The Bulgarian Cup (Bulgarian: Купа на България, romanized: Kupa na Bŭlgariya) is a Bulgarian annual football competition. It is the country's main cup competition and all officially registered Bulgarian football teams take part in it.

The tournament's format is single-elimination, with all matches being one-legged, except the semi-finals. The competition's winner gets the right to take part in the UEFA Europa League. If the winner has already secured a place through the Bulgarian A Professional Football Group, the team that has come fourth in the championship substitutes it.

The competition has been dominated by Sofia-based clubs. They have won together a total number of 65 titles. The three most successful clubs are Levski Sofia (26 cups), CSKA Sofia (21 cups) and Slavia Sofia (8 cups). The current cup holders are Ludogorets Razgrad, who beat CSKA Sofia 1–0 in the 2025 final.
Butler–Tarkington, Indianapolis
Butler–Tarkington is a neighborhood on the north side of Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. It is bordered by 38th Street and Crown Hill Cemetery to the south, the Indiana Central Canal and Westfield Boulevard to the north, Michigan Road to the west, and Meridian Street to the east.

Indiana Central Canal
The Indiana Central Canal was a canal intended to connect the Wabash and Erie Canal to the Ohio River. It was funded by the Mammoth Internal Improvement Act, Indiana's attempt to take part in the canal-building craze started by the Erie Canal. $3.5 million was allocated for the project, the largest piece of the entire $10 million Act. However, due to the Panic of 1837, Indiana suffered financial difficulties and had to turn the canal over to the state's creditors, and building of the canal was stopped in 1839. The canal was supposed to extend 296 miles (476 km), from Peru, Indiana, to Evansville, Indiana, where it would reach the Ohio River. It was originally divided into two sections, North and South. Later, a third section was designated, called the Indianapolis section. Only eight miles (13 km) were completed, with an additional 80 miles (130 km) between Anderson, Indiana, and Martinsville, Indiana, having been partially built.
Oyster River (Maine)
The Oyster River is a tributary of the Saint George River in Knox County, Maine. From its source (44°11′29″N 69°09′42″W﻿ / ﻿44.1914°N 69.1617°W﻿ / 44.1914; -69.1617﻿ (Oyster River source)) in Rockport, the river runs 12.5 miles (20.1 km) south and southwest to its confluence with the Saint George. Its lower third forms the border between Warren and Thomaston.

Warren, Maine
Warren is a town in Knox County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,865 at the 2020 census. It includes the villages of East Warren, Warren and South Warren, the latter home to the Maine State Prison and minimum security Bolduc Correctional Facility.
Imgu Pung clan
The Imgu Pung clan (Korean: 임구 풍씨; Hanja: 臨朐 馮氏) is a Korean clan (Bon-gwan). The clan was located in Linqu County, Weifang, Shandong, China.

According to research carried out in 2015, the Imgu Pung clan had 592 members. The clan was founded by Pung Sam sa who belonged to the Linqu people of the Ming dynasty. When the Ming dynasty was replaced by the Qing dynasty, Pung Sam sa was captured and detained in Shenyang. He was captured following his rebellion against the Qing dynasty, hoping to reinstate the Ming dynasty. Following his incarceration, he moved and was naturalized in Joseon with Hyojong of Joseon, who became a hostage during Qing invasion of Joseon.

Weifang
Weifang (simplified Chinese: 潍坊; traditional Chinese: 濰坊; pinyin: Wéifāng) is a prefecture-level city in central Shandong province, People's Republic of China. The city borders Dongying to the northwest, Zibo to the west, Linyi to the southwest, Rizhao to the south, Qingdao to the east, and looks out to the Laizhou Bay to the north. Its population was 9,386,705 at the 2020 census, of whom 3,095,520 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of four urban districts (Kuiwen, Weicheng, Hanting and Fangzi) and Changle County.

Weifang has numerous natural and historic sites, such as Shihu Garden (from the Late Ming and early Qing dynasty), Fangong Pavilion (from the Song dynasty), fossil sites (including dinosaur fossils, in Shanwang, Linqu), Mount Yi National Forest Park, Mount Qingyun and the Old Dragon Spring. Painted New Year woodcuts from Yangjiabu are also well-known. The city is served by Weifang Airport to various cities across China.
Dyn (company)
Dyn, Inc. (/ˈdaɪn/) was an Internet performance management company that also dealt with web application security, offering products to monitor, control, and optimize online infrastructure, and also domain registration services and email products. The company was acquired by Oracle Corporation in 2016. It began operating as a global business unit of Oracle in 2017.

Internet infrastructure
Internet infrastructure refers to the physical systems that provide internet communication. It includes networking cables, cellular towers, servers, internet exchange points, data centers, and individual computers.
First Daniyal Akhmetov Government
The First Daniyal Akhmetov Government (Kazakh: Даниял Ахметов Үкіметі, romanized: Danial Ahmetov Ükımetı; Russian: Правительство Данияла Ахметова) was the 7th government in Kazakhstan, led by Prime Minister Daniyal Akhmetov. President Nursultan Nazarbayev nominated Akhmetov at a joint session of the Parliament to be Prime Minister on 13 June 2003, emphasizing that the country needed a government led by someone with significant regional governing experience. Nazarbayev highlighted Akhmetov’s tenure as the akim of Pavlodar Region as a reason for his selection, aiming to accelerate the pace of social and economic development. Akhmetov was approved by a wide margin, with 73 out of 77 deputies from the Mäjilis and 36 out of 39 deputies from the Senate supporting his appointment.

Following the 2005 presidential election, Akhmetov resigned on 18 January 2006, but was reappointed shortly afterward by President Nazarbayev, forming a new government under his leadership.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Andrew Hawkins (cricketer)
Andrew Charles Hawkins (born 16 June 1967) is a former English cricketer.  Hawkins was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire.

Hawkins made his debut for Staffordshire in the 1987 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Berkshire.  Hawkins played Minor counties cricket for Staffordshire from 1987 to 1989, which a single 39 Minor Counties Championship match and a further MCCA Knockout Trophy match. In 1987, he made his only List A appearance against Warwickshire in the NatWest Trophy. In this match he was dismissed for 7 runs by Allan Donald, while with the ball he took the wicket of Dennis Amiss for the cost of 38 runs from 11 overs.

Berkshire County Cricket Club
Berkshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor counties clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Berkshire.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Berkshire played List A matches occasionally until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.
2025 Khulna JCD–SAD clash
On 18 February 2025, during a campaign by the student wing of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party, Bangladesh Jatiotabadi Chatradal (JCD), on the campus of the Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, a group of students began protesting against them as they wanted a "politics-free campus." This would end up becoming a clash between the general students and JCD members, alongside some regular BNP members as locals.

The clash would result in at least fifty people being injured and five detained, the clash would lead to the interim government deploying two platoons of the Border Guard Bangladesh, alongside Navy personnel, soldiers of the Army, and RAB personnel, to the Khulna University of Engineering & Technology to prevent further clashes.

The campus went shut for straight 6 months after the incident.

Rapid Action Battalion
The Rapid Action Battalion (Bengali: র‍্যাপিড অ্যাকশন ব্যাটালিয়ন, romanised: Ryaepid Ækśon Byāṭāliẏan; abbreviated as RAB) is an elite law enforcement force in Bangladesh tasked with combating serious crimes, terrorism, and organised criminal activities. Operating under the Ministry of Home Affairs, RAB is a composite force comprising personnel from the Police, Army, Navy, Air Force, BGB, and Ansar. Since its establishment in 2004, RAB has played a key role in counter-terrorism, anti-drug operations, and high-profile criminal investigations.

The Rapid Action Battalion has faced criticism from human rights groups for their use of extrajudicial killings and alleged involvement in enforced disappearances. It is estimated that between 2004 and 2008, RAB had killed 1,062 people.
Zhuoxi
Zhuoxi Township (Chinese: 卓溪鄉; pinyin: Zhuóxī Xiāng) is a mountain indigenous township in Hualien County, Taiwan, bisected by the Tropic of Cancer. It lies on the Central Mountain Range (up to 95% of its area) with steep mountains which makes it the highest township in the county. The population is 6,046 inhabitants, including Bunun people, Truku people and Seediq people. The main economic activity is agriculture.

Seediq people
The Seediq (sometimes Sediq, Seejiq, pronounced [seˈʔediq], [səˈdiq], or [səˈʔəɟiq]; Chinese: 賽德克族; pinyin: Sàidékèzú) are a Taiwanese indigenous people who live primarily in Nantou County and Hualien County. Their language is also known as Seediq.

They were officially recognized as Taiwan's 14th indigenous group on 23 April 2008. Previously, the Seediq, along with the closely related Taroko people, were classified as Atayal.