hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chronological Table of Private and Personal Acts
The Chronological Table of Private and Personal Acts is a list of private acts and (public) personal acts passed by the Parliament of England, the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom since 1539.

The table was produced by the Law Commission and the Scottish Law Commission who produced a report on it. A version of the table is now published on the website Legislation.gov.uk.

Lawyer James Colquhoun said that the table makes it "markedly easier" to determine whether private acts have been repealed or otherwise amended.

Law Commission (England and Wales)
In England and Wales the Law Commission (Welsh: Comisiwn y Gyfraith) is an independent law commission set up by Parliament by the Law Commissions Act 1965 to keep the law of England and Wales under review and to recommend reforms.  The organisation is headed by a Chair (a judge of the High Court or Court of Appeal, currently Sir Peter Fraser LJ) and four Law Commissioners. It proposes changes to the law that will make the law simpler, more accessible, fairer, modern and more cost-effective. It consults widely on its proposals and in the light of the responses to public consultation, it presents recommendations to the UK Parliament that, if legislated upon, would implement its law reform recommendations. The commission is part of the Commonwealth Association of Law Reform Agencies.
Constantine Opos
Constantine Opos (Ancient Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Ὤπος) can refer to:

Constantine Opos (catepan), Byzantine Catepan of Italy in 1033–1038

Constantine Opos (megas doux), Byzantine general in the reign of Alexios I Komnenos (1081–1118)

Constantine Opos (catepan)
Constantine Leo Opos (Italian: Costantino Opo) was the Byzantine catapan of Italy from 1033 to 1038. He replaced Michael Protospatharios. The record of a strategos named Leo Opos, sent to Italy at about the same time, is probably of the same person. The chief sources of his reign are Lupus Protospatharios Barensis and the Anonymi Barensis Chronicon. Constantine gave a diploma to a monastery near Troia in November 1034. In 1037, the Zirid sultan of Tunisia, Sharaf ad-Dawla al-Mu'izz ibn Badis, sent his son Abdallah to fight the Sicilian emir Ahmad II al-Akhal. Al-Akhal was defeated and fled to Constantine. The next year Constantine disappears from the record to be replaced by Michael Spondyles and then Nikephoros Doukeianos.
Gaston Molina
Gaston Eduardo Molina (23 July 1980 – 26 February 2010) was an Argentine football striker who last played for V-League club Bình Dương F.C. He was found dead in a hotel in Ho Chi Minh City on 26 February 2010. The cause was initially believed to be drug overdose.

Molina was a hard working player both in Argentina and Vietnam and was admired by the fans. In Vietnam, he was a key player of SHB Da Nang as the club won the 2009 title. Molina joined Bình Dương in September 2009 and was a key player, helping his team reach the semi-final of the 2009 AFC Cup.

2009 AFC Cup
The 2009 AFC Cup was the sixth season of the AFC Cup, a competition among clubs from member nations of the Asian Football Confederation.

With the Asian Football Confederation reviewed the format of the AFC Champions League and made significant changes to way the competition is run, the teams that qualified for the AFC Cup is also from different countries compared to the previous editions.
Cyanoacetylene
Cyanoacetylene is an organic compound with the formula C3HN or H−C≡C−C≡N. It is the simplest cyanopolyyne. Cyanoacetylene has been detected by spectroscopic methods in interstellar clouds, in the coma of comet Hale–Bopp and in the atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan, where it sometimes forms expansive fog-like clouds.

Cyanoacetylene is one of the molecules that was produced in the Miller–Urey experiment.

H−C≡C−H + H−C≡N → H−C≡C−C≡N + H2

Nickel carbonyl catalyzes cyanoacetylene carboalkoxylation to cyanoacrylate esters.

Carboalkoxylation
In industrial chemistry, carboalkoxylation is a process for converting alkenes to esters. This reaction is a form of carbonylation.  A closely related reaction is hydrocarboxylation, which employs water in place of alcohols.

A commercial application is the carbomethoxylation of ethylene to give methyl propionate:

C2H4  +  CO  +  MeOH  →  MeO2CC2H5

The process is catalyzed by Pd[C6H4(CH2PBu-t)2]2.  Under similar conditions, other Pd-diphosphines catalyze formation of polyethyleneketone.

Methyl propionate ester is a precursor to methyl methacrylate, which is used in plastics and adhesives.

Carboalkoxylation has been incorporated into various telomerization schemes.  For example carboalkoxylation has been coupled with the dimerization of 1,3-butadiene. This step produces a doubly unsaturated C9-ester:

2 CH2=CH−CH=CH2  +  CO  +  CH3OH  →  CH2=CH(CH2)3CH=CHCH2CO2CH3
Eryopoidea
Eryopoidea is a clade of late Carboniferous and Permian temnospondyl amphibians, known from North America and Europe. Carroll (1998) includes no fewer than ten families, but Yates and Warren (2000) replaced this with a cladistic approach that includes three closely related families, the Eryopidae, Parioxyidae and Zatrachydidae. They define the Eryopoidea as all members of Euskelia in which the choana are relatively rounded and the iliac blade is vertical. A similar definition (without specifically naming Euskelia) is provided by Laurin and Steyer (2000).

Choana
The choanae (sg.: choana), posterior nasal apertures or internal nostrils are two openings found at the back of the nasal passage between the nasal cavity and the pharynx, in humans and other mammals (as well as crocodilians and most skinks). They are considered one of the most important synapomorphies of tetrapodomorphs, that allowed the passage from water to land.

In animals with secondary palates, they allow breathing when the mouth is closed. In tetrapods without secondary palates their function relates primarily to olfaction (sense of smell).

The choanae are separated in two by the vomer.
Neal Huntington
Neal Alden Huntington (born February 4, 1969) is an American former General Manager of the Pittsburgh Pirates of Major League Baseball who currently works in the front office of the Cleveland Guardians as a special assistant to baseball projects.

James McDonald (baseball)
James Zell McDonald (born October 19, 1984) is an American former right-handed professional baseball pitcher who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Los Angeles Dodgers and Pittsburgh Pirates.

McDonald was selected by the Los Angeles Dodgers in the 11th round of the June 2002 MLB draft, and as a draft and follow pick, he played at Golden West College in Huntington Beach, California.
Gmina Kobylin-Borzymy
Gmina Kobylin-Borzymy is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Kobylin-Borzymy, which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north-east of Wysokie Mazowieckie and 34 km (21 mi) west of the regional capital Białystok.

The gmina covers an area of 119.6 square kilometres (46.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,622 (3,379 in 2013). The area of the gmina is extremely diverse in terms of nature thanks to its location in the Narew National Park. The gmina is of a typically agricultural nature - the terrain is favorable for the cultivation of useful plants and individual farms dominate the agricultural activity.

Wysokie Mazowieckie
Wysokie Mazowieckie ([vɨˈsɔkʲɛ mazɔˈvjɛt͡skʲɛ]; Yiddish: וויסאקע-מאזאוויעצק, romanized: Visoka-Mazovietzk) is a town in north-eastern Poland, in Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is the capital of Wysokie Mazowieckie County. Population is 10,034 as of 2005.
Salto de Castro
Salto de Castro, or Poblado del Salto de Castro, is an abandoned village in the municipality of Fonfría, Zamora, Spain. It is located near the Castro Dam, in the lowest part of the Arribes of Douro. After seeing its last family move out in 1989 and being abandoned ever since, it was finally purchased in 2025 by businessman/musician Jason Lee Beckwith from the United States.

Arribes (geography)
Arribes (also named arribas or arribanzos) are the banks of the rivers in the southeast of the province of Zamora and the northeast of the province of Salamanca, Castile and León, Spain.

There are Águeda Arribes, Douro Arribes, Esla Arribes, Huebra Arribes, Tormes Arribes and Uces Arribes.
Bhowali
Bhowali (Kumaoni: Bhoāli)[bʱəʋaːli] is a town and municipal board in Nainital District in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is situated at a distance of 11 km (6.8 mi) from the city of Nainital, the district headquarters; at an average elevation of 1,654 m (5,427 ft) from sea level. It is the seat of Bhowali tehsil, one of the eight subdivisions of Nainital district.

Bhowali is most known for its T. B. sanatorium, established here in 1912.

Kumaoni language
Kumaoni (Kumaoni-Devanagari: कुमाऊँनी, pronounced [kuːmaːʊ̃ːniː]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by over two million people of the Kumaon region of the state of Uttarakhand in Northern India, and the distant northwestern Sudurpashchim Province and Karnali Province of Nepal. As per 1961 survey there were 1,030,254 Kumaoni speakers in India. The number of speakers increased to 2.0 million in 2011.

Kumaoni is not endangered but UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger designates it as a language in the unsafe category, meaning it requires consistent conservation efforts.
National Pushkin Museum
The National Pushkin Museum (Russian: Всероссийский музей А. С. Пушкина, romanized: Vsyerossiiskii muzei A. S. Pushkina - literally the 'All-Russian Museum of A. S. Pushkin') is a museum dedicated to the life and work of Russian poet Alexander Pushkin. It is located in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The museum was established in 1953.

In 2016, the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation identified at the National Pushkin Museum 59 Italian Renaissance sculptures that were looted from Berlin’s Bode Museum during World War II.

Bode Museum
The Bode Museum (German: Bode-Museum), formerly called the Emperor Frederick Museum (German: Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum), is a listed building on the Museum Island in the historic centre of Berlin. It was built from 1898 to 1904 by order of German Emperor William II according to plans by Ernst von Ihne in Baroque Revival style. The building's front square featured a memorial to German Emperor Frederick III, which was destroyed by the East German authorities. Currently, the Bode-Museum is home to the Skulpturensammlung, the Museum für Byzantinische Kunst and the Münzkabinett (sculpture, Byzantine art, and coins and medals). As part of the Museum Island complex, the Bode-Museum was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999 because of its outstanding architecture and testimony to the development of museums as a cultural phenomenon in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Merle Karusoo
Merle Karusoo (born 1 July 1944 in Rae Parish) is an Estonian stage director and writer. She is also known as a collector of Estonian biographies.

In 1972, she graduated from University of Tartu in Estonian philology. In 1999, she defended her master's thesis in sociology at Tallinn Pedagogical University.

She has worked as a director at the Estonian Drama Theatre and the Estonian State Youth Theater.

Karusoo has worked as a course instructor and lecturer at the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre and the University of Tartu Viljandi Culture Academy. Since 2014, she has been a Professor of Liberal Arts, teaching at the University of Tartu.

University of Tartu Viljandi Culture Academy
University of Tartu Viljandi Culture Academy (Estonian: Tartu Ülikooli Viljandi Kultuuriakadeemia) is an Estonian institution of higher education, situated in the provincial town of Viljandi, central Estonia. The UT Viljandi Culture Academy merged with the University of Tartu in 2005. The UT VCA has been teaching professional higher education and performing applied research within information science, culture education and creative arts since 1952. The academy has about 700 students, half of whom are open university students. The teaching and instruction are based on the continuity and sustainability of Estonian native culture enriched by new impulses which widen the notion of traditional culture.
Thomas Meuwissen
Thomas Meuwissen (born 25 March 1966, in Leuven) is a Belgian violinmaker. Since 1987, he has been working exclusively on the production of modern and baroque violins, violas, and cellos. His work includes antiqued copies of instruments by old Italian masters (such as Antonio Stradivari, Guarneri del Gesù, Matteo Goffriller, and others).

Baroque violin
A  Baroque violin is a violin set up in the manner of the baroque period of music. The term includes original instruments which have survived unmodified since the Baroque period, as well as later instruments adjusted to the baroque setup, and modern replicas. Baroque violins have become relatively common in recent decades thanks to historically informed performance, with violinists returning to older models of instrument to achieve an authentic sound.

The differences between a Baroque violin and a modern instrument include the size and nature of the neck, fingerboard, bridge, bass bar, and tailpiece. Baroque violins are almost always fitted with gut strings, as opposed to the more common metal and synthetic strings on a modern instrument, and played with a bow made on the baroque model rather than the modern Tourte bow. Baroque violins are not fitted with a chin rest and are played without a shoulder rest.
Ewing and Muriel Kauffman Memorial Garden
The Ewing and Muriel Kauffman Memorial Garden is a 2-acre botanic garden and part of the Kauffman Legacy Park, located in Kansas City, Missouri. It is maintained in a collaborative effort by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation and Powell Gardens.  The gardens are located near Country Club Plaza and the main campus of University of Missouri–Kansas City. The Kauffman Memorial Garden is enclosed by limestone walls and has brick paths and seating areas. The garden showcases five designs.

University of Missouri–Kansas City
The University of Missouri–Kansas City (UMKC or Kansas City) is a public research university in Kansas City, Missouri, United States. UMKC is part of the University of Missouri System and includes a medical school and a law school. For the 2023-2024 academic year, the university's enrollment was over 15,300 students. It is the largest university in the Kansas City metropolitan area and ranks among the top three by enrollment among all postsecondary institutions in the metro, including community colleges. It offers more than 125 degree programs over 12 academic units. UMKC now holds a Carnegie “R1: Very High Research Activity” designation, making it the only R1 university in Kansas City. UMKC is also home to the School of Dentistry, Missouri’s only public dental school.
Mambaram, Malappuram
Mampuram is a Muslim pilgrimage centre located 26 km east of Tirur, Malappuram district, Kerala, South India on the Malabar Coast.  Malappuram is on the banks of the river Kadalundipuzha.  The Mamburam Makham, which is the shrine intended and used primarily as a receptacle for the dead bodies of the principle Thangals is located there.  The Malappuram Nercha, is held every year in the month of Muharram near the tomb of Sayyid Alavi Thangal.

Tirur
Tirur (Malayalam: [t̪iɾuːr]) is a major municipal town in Tirur Taluk, Malappuram district, in the Indian state of Kerala, spread over an area of 16.55 square kilometres (6.39 sq mi).

It is one of the major business centers in Malappuram district and is situated 26 kilometres (16 mi) west of Malappuram and 52.5 kilometres (32.6 mi) south of Kozhikode, on the Shoranur–Mangalore section under Southern Railway.

Tirur is a major trading centre for electronic devices and seafood in Northern Kerala and has an average elevation of 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) above the sea level.
Cache River Bridge
The Cache River Bridge is a Parker pony truss that spans the Cache River between Walnut Ridge and Paragould, Arkansas. It was built in 1934 by the Arkansas State Highway Commission and was designed by the Vincennes Bridge Company. Formerly carrying U.S. Route 412 and earlier Arkansas Highway 25, the structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990, and was bypassed by a new bridge in 1995.

Walnut Ridge, Arkansas
Walnut Ridge is a city in and the county seat of Lawrence County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, Walnut Ridge had a population of 5,384. Walnut Ridge lies immediately north of Hoxie. The two towns form a contiguous urban area with approximately 8,000 residents. Williams Baptist University is in College City, a formerly separate community that merged into Walnut Ridge in 2017.
Fort Santo António de Lifau
Fort Santo António de Lifau was a Portuguese fort once built by the mouth of the Tono River, in Lifau, district of Oecusse, in East-Timor, the first fort built by the Portuguese Crown, where only forts maintained by Dominican missionaries and Portuguese merchants previously existed.

Tono River
The Tono River (Portuguese: Ribeira de Tono or Rio Tono, Tetum: Mota Tono) is the principal river of Oecusse, an exclave of Timor-Leste. The river and its major tributaries flow generally north, through the centre of the exclave, into the Savu Sea, reaching the sea near Lifau. Its alluvial flood plain in Pante Macassar administrative post is the main rice-producing place in Oecusse.
Dragutin Đorđević
Dragutin Đorđević (Loznica, Serbia, 22 August 1866 - Belgrade, Serbia, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, 9 April 1933) was a Serbian architect and university professor who worked during the last decade of the Belle Époque and the interwar period. He was a corresponding member of the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences from 16 February 1920..
His work is characteristic of the academic art and eclectic styles in Serbia.

Loznica
Loznica (Serbian Cyrillic: Лозница, pronounced [lǒznitsa]) is a city located in the Mačva District of western Serbia, on the right bank of the Drina river. In 2022 the city had a total population of 19,515, while the administrative area had a population of 72,062.

Its name stems from the word "loza" (the Serbian word for vine). Originally, its name was Lozica (Serbian for small vine), but it later became Loznica.
Reservoir Park (Pennsylvania)
Reservoir Park is the oldest and largest municipal public park in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and occupies approximately 85 acres (340,000 m2) in the Allison Hill neighborhood of the city. Reservoir Park is also home to the National Civil War Museum and provides the setting for many of Harrisburg's most popular outdoor festivals and performances. The park is part of the Capital Area Greenbelt, a 20-mile (32 km) greenway surrounding portions of the city.

Greenway (landscape)
A greenway is usually a shared-use path along a strip of undeveloped land, in an urban or rural area, set aside for recreational use or environmental protection. Greenways are frequently created out of disused railways, canal towpaths, utility company rights of way, or derelict industrial land. Greenways can also be linear parks, and can serve as wildlife corridors. The path's surface may be paved and often serves multiple users: walkers, runners, bicyclists, skaters and hikers. A characteristic of greenways, as defined by the European Greenways Association, is "ease of passage": that is that they have "either low or zero gradient", so that they can be used by all "types of users, including mobility impaired people".

In Southern England, the term also refers to ancient trackways or green lanes, especially those found on chalk downlands, like the Ridgeway.
Wuileixis Rivas
Wuileixis de Jesus Rivas Espinoza (born 27 August 1990 in Caracas, Capital District) is a Greco-Roman wrestler from Venezuela who competes in the welterweight category (under 66 kg). At the 2012 Olympics he received a bye for the preliminary round of sixteen match, before losing to French wrestler and defending Olympic champion Steeve Guénot, who was able to score one point each in two straight periods, leaving Rivas without a single point. At the 2016 Rio Games he was also eliminated in the first bout, against Omid Norouzi who was the defending champion from London.

He won the bronze medal in his event at the 2022 South American Games held in Asunción, Paraguay.

In 2024, he competed at the Pan American Wrestling Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Acapulco, Mexico hoping to qualify for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. He was eliminated in his second match.

2022 South American Games
The XII South American Games (Spanish: XII Juegos Suramericanos Asunción 2022) was a multi-sport event held between 1–15 October 2022 in Asunción, Paraguay. The Games were organized by the South American Sports Organization, the Paraguayan Olympic Committee, the government of the Republic of Paraguay and the local National Secretary of Sports.
Violin Sonata in F major (Mendelssohn, 1820)
The Violin Sonata (No. 1) in F major, MWV Q 7, was composed in 1820 by Felix Mendelssohn at the age of eleven. It has three movements:

A typical performance lasts about 15 minutes. It was first published in 1977.

Mendelssohn-Werkverzeichnis
The Mendelssohn-Werkverzeichnis (MWV) (German for Mendelssohn Work Index) is the first modern fully researched music catalogue of the works of Felix Mendelssohn. It appeared in 2009 under the auspices of the Saxon Academy of Sciences and Humanities (SAW) under the leadership of the German music scholar Ralf Wehner, and is published by the firm of Breitkopf & Härtel as part of the "Leipzig Edition of the Works of Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy".

Mendelssohn himself allocated opus numbers only up to 72 for his published works, with further numbers up to 121 being added posthumously. Moreover, none of Mendelssohn's earlier works including his 13 string symphonies or his operas, had any defined opus numbers. The MWV "conflates the known works into 26 groups and assigns a distinct MWV number to each of the works. Within each group, the works are ordered chronologically."
1993 vote of confidence in the Major ministry
The 1993 confidence motion in the second Major ministry was an explicit confidence motion in the Conservative government of John Major. It was proposed in order to ensure support in the British Parliament for the passing of the Maastricht Treaty. Due to previous defeats caused when Eurosceptic Conservative MPs voted with the opposition, the Government had to obtain support for its policy on the Social Chapter before the European Communities Amendment Act 1993 could come into effect and allow the United Kingdom to ratify the treaty. Dissenting Conservative MPs were willing to vote against the Government, but had to come into line on a confidence motion or else lose the Conservative whip. Only one eurosceptic MP was deliberately absent; and as a result, the motion passed by 40 votes and the United Kingdom ratified the Maastricht Treaty.

Second Major ministry
John Major formed the second Major ministry following the 1992 general election after being invited by Queen Elizabeth II to begin a new government. His government fell into minority status on 13 December 1996.