hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tom Cooper (military historian)
Tom Cooper (born 1970 in Vienna) is an Austrian military aviation historian, analyst, illustrator and investigative journalist. He has written several books on military aviation history and articles for various military aviation journals.

Substack
Substack is an American online platform that provides publishing, payment, analytics, and design infrastructure to support subscription-based content, including newsletters, podcasts, and video. It allows writers to send digital content directly to subscribers. Founded in 2017, Substack is headquartered in San Francisco.
Labdanum
Labdanum, also called ladanum, ladan, or ladanon, is a sticky brown resin obtained from the shrubs Cistus ladanifer ('gum rockrose', western Mediterranean) and Cistus creticus ('pink rockrose', eastern Mediterranean), species of rock rose. It was historically used in herbal medicine and is still used in the preparation of some perfumes and vermouths.

Rock rose
Rock rose, rock-rose, and rockrose are common names of various plants, including:

Cistaceae

Cistus

Halimium

Helianthemum

Oenothera cespitosa

Pavonia lasiopetala

Phemeranthus

Portulaca grandiflora
Higby
Higby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Higby (baseball), American baseball player

Lawrence Higby, American businessman and political activist

Lynn Carlton Higby (1938 – 1992), former United States federal judge

Mary Higby Schweitzer, paleontologist at North Carolina State University

Wayne Higby (born 1943), American artist working in ceramics

Wilbur Higby (1867 – 1934), American actor

William Higby (1813 – 1887), United States Representative from California

William Eugene Higby, 29th Lieutenant Governor of Colorado

William Higby
William Higby (August 18, 1813 – November 27, 1887) was a 19th-century American politician, a Republican, a lawyer, a district attorney, a judge, a newspaper editor, and a United States representative from California, serving three terms, from 1863 to 1869.
Malesherbia paniculata
Malesherbia paniculata is perennial subshrub native to the Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana, and O'Higgins regions of Chile. It can be found at elevations of up to 2600m to sea level. It was originally described in 1827 by D. Don.

Phenotypically, M. paniculata is extremely similar to sister species M. linearifolia. Though they are distinguishable by their leaves. Additionally, they differ in their species range.

Coquimbo
Coquimbo [koˈkimbo] is a port city, commune and capital of the Elqui Province, located on the Pan-American Highway, in the Coquimbo Region of Chile. Coquimbo is situated in a valley 10 km (6 mi) south of La Serena, with which it forms Greater La Serena with more than 400,000 inhabitants. The commune spans an area around the harbor of 1,429.3 km2 (552 sq mi). The average temperature in the city lies around 14 °C (57 °F), and precipitation is low.
Isan orogeny
The Isan orogeny affected the Mount Isa Inlier in what is now Australia between 1.65 and 1.50 billion years ago in the Proterozoic. Deformation from the event is widespread and complex in the Eastern Fold Belt, with no consensus on timing and sub-events as of 2017. To date, most research has focused on the Snake Creek Anticline, Selwyn zone and Mary Kathleen Domain. At the end of the orogeny, massive A-type granitoids intruded with the Williams-Naraku Batholith.

Batholith
A batholith (from Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús), meaning "deep", and λίθος (líthos), meaning "stone") is a large mass of intrusive igneous rock (also called plutonic rock), larger than 100 km2 (40 sq mi) in area, that forms from cooled magma deep in the Earth's crust. Batholiths are almost always made mostly of felsic or intermediate rock types, such as granite, quartz monzonite, or diorite (see also granite dome).
Browser extension
A browser extension is a software module for customizing a web browser. Browsers typically allow users to install a variety of extensions, including user interface modifications, cookie management, ad blocking, and the custom scripting and styling of web pages.

Browser plug-ins are a different type of module and no longer supported by the major browsers. One difference is that extensions are distributed as source code, while plug-ins are executables (i.e. object code). The most popular browser, Google Chrome, has over 200,000 extensions available but stopped supporting plug-ins in 2020.

Style sheet (web development)
A web style sheet is a form of separation of content and presentation for web design in which the markup (i.e., HTML or XHTML) of a webpage contains the page's semantic content and structure, but does not define its visual layout (style). Instead, the style is defined in an external style sheet file using a style sheet language such as CSS or XSLT. This design approach is identified as a "separation" because it largely supersedes the antecedent methodology in which a page's markup defined both style and structure.

The philosophy underlying this methodology is a specific case of separation of concerns.
Still at Large
Still at Large is the third studio album by American rapper Crime Boss. It was released in August 1998 through Crime Lab Records/Regi Music. It features guest appearances from 2 Low, E.S.G., Pimp Money, Big Dave, T-Dubb and 1 Way. The album debuted at number 81 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States.

Following the release of his successful second album, Conflicts & Confusion, Crime Boss left Suave House Records and formed his own independent label called Crime Lab Records and released Still at Large through it. Though his previous two albums were produced by Suave House's T-Mix, Crime Boss himself handled a majority of the album's production.

E.S.G. (rapper)
Cedric Dormaine Hill (born June 3, 1973) better known by his stage name E.S.G. (which stands for Everyday Street Gangsta or Everyday Serving God) is an American rapper from Houston, Texas, and is a member of the Screwed Up Click.
Cycling at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's road race
The men's road race competition of the cycling events at the 2011 Pan American Games was held on October 22 at the Guadalajara Circuit in Guadalajara. The defending Pan American Games champion was Wendy Cruz of the Dominican Republic.

Wendy Cruz
Wendy Ramón Cruz Martínez (born 7 March 1976 in Santiago de los Caballeros) is a former professional cyclist from the Dominican Republic. He still competes as an amateur, currently riding for Santiago–Asocisa. Nicknamed El Ciclon he won the gold medal in the men's individual road race at the 2007 Pan American Games.

In 2012, Cruz tested positive for erythropoietin (EPO) and received a two-year doping suspension.
2014 NCBA Division II Tournament
The 2014 National Club Baseball Association (NCBA) Division II Tournament was a post-season tournament for the best teams in the NCBA during the 2014 season. 30 NCBA Division II college baseball teams met after playing their way through the regular season to play in the NCBA Tournament. The tournament culminated with eight teams competing for the 2014 NCBA Division II World Series at Brooks Stadium in Paducah, KY.

J. Polk Brooks Stadium
J. Polk Brooks Stadium is a baseball stadium in Paducah, Kentucky. It is the home of the Paducah Chiefs. It is also used by college baseball, high school baseball (including the home field for nearby Paducah Tilghman High School), American Legion Baseball, and other amateur teams. It was built in 1948 and 1949 for the original Paducah Chiefs, who folded in 1955. The community kept the ballpark up over the years using it for amateur baseball, before the Chiefs were reorganized in 2016 in the Ohio Valley Summer Collegiate Baseball League.

The park was named for J. Polk Brooks, a local bus line operator, who was the president of the Paducah Baseball Association. He was the person who singlehandedly got the stadium built, even if it meant doing the manual labor himself.
Foy Hammons
Foy Hayden Hammons (January 22, 1894 – July 16, 1961) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the First District Agricultural School of Jonesboro, Arkansas (now known as Arkansas State University) from 1919 to 1920, at Ouachita Baptist University from 1926 to 1930, and at Arkansas Agricultural and Mechanical College (now known as the University of Arkansas at Monticello) from 1931 to 1933, compiling a career college head coaching football record of 41–30–12.

Hammons also coached high school football at Pine Bluff High School and Hope High School in Arkansas. He died in 1961 after a long illness.

Arkansas State University
Arkansas State University (A-State or ASU) is a public research university in Jonesboro, Arkansas, United States. It is the flagship campus of the Arkansas State University System and the second-largest university in the state. The university was founded in 1909 and is located atop 1,376 acres (557 hectares) on Crowley's Ridge.

Arkansas State University is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Coat of arms of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor was the heir of several of Europe's leading royal houses.  In 1506, he inherited the 
Burgundian Netherlands, which came from his paternal grandmother, Mary of Burgundy. In 1516, Charles became the king of Spain, inheriting the kingdoms first united by his maternal grandparents, Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (the Catholic Monarchs). Finally, on the death of his paternal grandfather in 1519, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, he inherited the Habsburg lands in central Europe and was elected Holy Roman Emperor.

Division of the field
In heraldry, the field (background) of a shield can be divided into more than one area, or subdivision, of different tinctures, usually following the lines of one of the ordinaries and carrying its name (e.g. a shield divided in the shape of a chevron is said to be parted "per chevron").  Shields may be divided this way for differencing (to avoid conflict with otherwise similar coats of arms) or for purposes of marshalling (combining two or more coats of arms into one), or simply for style.  The lines that divide a shield may not always be straight, and there is a system of terminology for describing patterned lines, which is also shared with the heraldic ordinaries.

French heraldry takes a different approach in many cases from the one described in this article.
Daria Tykhova
Daria Tykhova (born 15 February 1986) is a Ukrainian sports shooter. She competed at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics. She is a two-time European Championships medallist. At the 2022 World Championships, she won together with Serhiy Kulish a silver medal in mixed team 50 m rifle prone.

2022 ISSF World Shooting Championships
The 1st ISSF Rifle/Pistol World Shooting Championships were held in New Administrative Capital, Egypt from 12 to 27 October 2022 in 78 events. This also served as qualification event for 2024 Summer Olympics.
Susie Mathis
Susie Mathis (born Susan Mathis; 29 April 1947) is a former singer and radio presenter who, in later years, became a fundraiser for Francis House Children's Hospice, and several other charities in North West England.

North West England
North West England is one of nine official regions of England and consists of the ceremonial counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,417,397 in 2021. It is the third-most-populated region in the United Kingdom, after the South East and Greater London. The largest settlements are Manchester and Liverpool. It is one of the three regions, alongside North East England and Yorkshire and the Humber, that make up Northern England.
Clara Ingram Judson Award
The Clara Ingram Judson Award (officially: Clara Ingram Judson Memorial Award) is given annually to the most creative children's writing in the Midwest United States since 1960 by the Society of Midland Authors. It was named after Clara Ingram Judson, the first recipient of the award.

Notable recipients include Irene Hunt for Across Five Aprils (1965), and Rebecca Caudill for A Certain Small Shepherd (1965).

Children's literature portal

Irene Hunt
Irene Hunt (May 18, 1902 – May 18, 2001) was an American children's writer known best for historical novels. She was a runner-up for the Newbery Medal for her first book, Across Five Aprils, and won the medal for her second, Up a Road Slowly. For her contribution as a children's writer she was U.S. nominee in 1974 for the biennial, international Hans Christian Andersen Award, the highest international recognition available to creators of children's books.
Ulambayaryn Byambajav
Ulambayar Byambajav (Mongolian: Уламбаярын Бямбажав, romanized: Ulambajarín Bjambazsav; 24 November 1984 – 28 February 2020), known professionally as Byamba, was a Mongolian sumo wrestler and entertainer. He began his professional career in Japan in 2001 under the name Daishōchi Kenta (Japanese: 大翔地 健太); tiring of the lifestyle, he retired from professional sumo wrestling in 2005. As an amateur, he won the Sumo World Championships twice in 2006 and 2007 and was a gold medalist at the 2009 World Games and 2013 World Combat Games. He also appeared on the comedy show Impractical Jokers. He died after a protracted illness in a Los Angeles hospital in February 2020.

World Combat Games
The World Combat Games (GAISF World Combat Games / SportAccord World Combat Games) is an international multi-sport event featuring combat sports and martial arts. The games were founded by the Global Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF), now known as SportAccord, as a way of bringing various martial arts and combative sports to an international audience. The World Combat Games are also accompanied by a cultural program that reflects the ancient traditions and values of martial arts, as well as their contribution to modern society. The games are recognised by the International Olympic Committee.

In 2019, it was announced the World Combat Games would be held quadrennially. The host and venue for the 2027 World Combat Games has not been announced.
Andrea Menniti Ippolito
Andrea Menniti Ippolito (Camposampiero, 25 August 1992) is an Italian rugby union player.
His usual position is as a Fly-Half and he currently plays for Fiamme Oro in Top10 after the experience with Rovigo Delta.

For 2013–14 Pro12 season, he named like Additional Player for Benetton Treviso in Pro 12.

In 2016 and 2018 Menniti Ippolito was named in the Emerging Italy squad for annual World Rugby Nations Cup.

World Rugby Nations Cup (2006–2019)
The Nations Cup is a rugby union competition that was first held in 2006 at Estádio Universitário in Lisbon with Argentina A, Italy A, Portugal and Russia taking part. The tournament is part of the International Rugby Board's US$50 million Strategic Investment programme, which also includes the Pacific Nations Cup, the Pacific Rugby Cup, and the Americas Rugby Championship (as well as the ARC's predecessor, the North America 4).
Devon and East Plymouth (European Parliament constituency)
Devon and East Plymouth was a European Parliament constituency covering all of Devon in England, with the exception of the city of Plymouth. It was created in 1994 to replace the majority of Devon and a small part of Cornwall and Plymouth.

Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies (on their 1983 boundaries) of Exeter, Plymouth Sutton, South Hams, Teignbridge, Tiverton, Torbay and Torridge and West Devon.

The seat became part of the much larger South West England constituency in 1999.

Teignbridge (UK Parliament constituency)
50°32′46″N 3°29′49″W﻿ / ﻿50.546°N 3.497°W﻿ / 50.546; -3.497

Teignbridge was, from 1983 until 2010, a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.
First Cut (album)
First Cut is the first video album by Japanese recording artist Mai Kuraki. It was released on DVD and VHS on November 8, 2000 by B-Vision, simultaneously with her single "Reach for the Sky". The video brought a collection of Kuraki's music videos and making videos. The album became the second best-selling video album (DVD) of 2000 in Japan.

Reach for the Sky (Mai Kuraki song)
"Reach for the Sky" is a song by Japanese singer songwriter Mai Kuraki, taken from her second studio album Perfect Crime (2001). It was released on November 8, 2000, by Giza Studio, simultaneously with her first video album First Cut. The song was written by Kuraki herself and Aika Ohno, while the production was done by Cybersound (Michael Africk, Perry Geyer, Miguel Pessoa) and served as the theme song to the 2000 Japanese TV program Audrey. The rearranged version of the song "Re:ggae Summer 2013 version" was released digitally on August 17, 2013.
Southern Oral History Program
The Southern Oral History Program (SOHP), located in the Love House and Hutchins Forum in the historic district of Chapel Hill, North Carolina, is a research institution dedicated to collecting and preserving oral histories from across the southern United States.

Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Chapel Hill is a town in the counties of Orange and Durham, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it is combined with Raleigh, the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.

The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street, covering 21.3 square miles (55 km2). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town.
John Rowe (actor)
John Rowe (born January 1941) is a British actor.

After reading English at Oxford he worked as a teacher before training at the Birmingham School of Speech and Drama. After some years in repertory theatre he joined the BBC Radio Drama Company at Broadcasting House and has been a prolific radio actor ever since, notably as Professor Jim Lloyd in The Archers. He has also played numerous character roles on television and film and his extensive stage work includes touring with the Old Vic in Europe, China, the Middle East and Australia.

Radio Drama Company
The Radio Drama Company is a company of actors formed by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) in 1939, at the beginning of the Second World War. It is sometimes referred to as RDC, or the Rep, a survival from its original name, the Drama Repertory Company.

The cast of the company changes every six months, and auditions are held for the Carleton Hobbs Bursary, primarily for students graduating from drama courses, to recruit between four and six new members every year. There is also a Norman Beaton Fellowship to bring in actors from non-traditional backgrounds.
Taldara
Taldara (Arabic: تل الدرة, also spelled Tell Dirrah, Tall Derah, Talldarra or Tell ad-Dura) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Salamiyah District of the Hama Governorate. It is located 23 kilometers (14 mi) southeast of Hama and 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) west of Salamiyah. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Taldara had a population of 5,986 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Ismailis.

Salamiyah District
Salamiyah (Arabic: سلمية Salamīya) is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Hama Governorate, Syria. At the 2004 Census it had a population of 187,123. Its administrative district is the city of Salamiyah.
Bernard Ryan (Irish republican)
Bernard Ryan (c. 1901–1921) was one of six men hanged in Mountjoy Prison, Dublin on 14 March 1921. He was a member of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and part of the Dublin Brigade's Active Service Unit. He was one of The Forgotten Ten.

Active service unit
An active service unit (ASU; Irish: aonad seirbhíse cogúla) was a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) cell of four to ten members, tasked with carrying out armed attacks. In 2002, the IRA had about 1,000 active members of which about 300 were in active service units. The concept was first pioneered by Tom McEllistrim and other members of the Irish Republican Army.
Henri Andrieux
Henri Andrieux (23 September 1931 – 2 January 2008) was a French cyclist. He competed in two events at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. He came in 4th in the team pursuit and 9th in the men's km time trial.

Cycling at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's track time trial
The men's track time trial at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland was held on July 31, 1952. There were 27 participants from 27 nations, with each nation limited to one competitor. The event was won by Russell Mockridge of Australia, the nation's first victory in the men's track time trial since 1932 and second overall (tying France for most of any nation). Marino Morettini's silver was Italy's first medal in the event; Raymond Robinson's bronze was South Africa's. France's three-Games podium streak ended.
Goring Priory
Goring Priory was a medieval monastery of Augustinian Canonesses regular in Oxfordshire, England,  established before 1181.

When Burnham Abbey was established in 1265/6 by Richard, Earl of Cornwall, an entire community of nuns was sent from Goring.

Moreover, Lacock Abbey was founded in Wiltshire in the early 13th century by Ela, Countess of Salisbury and the initial group of nuns took the veil in 1232, the very first of the nuns was  Alicia Garinges, who was probably previously a nun of Goring.

The seal of Goring Priory depicted the Virgin Mary in the pose of the Seat of Wisdom (Sedes sapientiae), which was a common motif for seals of nunneries in medieval England, though not the majority choice. The motif entails a depiction of the Blessed Virgin seated and facing forward, presenting or holding the Christ Child on her lap.

Burnham Abbey
Burnham Abbey was a house of Augustinian canonesses regular near Burnham in Buckinghamshire, England. It was founded in 1266 by Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall. The abbey of St Mary consisted of around twenty nuns at the outset, but was never wealthy and by the time of its dissolution in 1539 there were only ten.

Since 1916 the surviving buildings have been the home of an Anglican contemplative community, the Society of the Precious Blood who retain the name "Burnham Abbey".
Manitoba Nurses' Union
The Manitoba Nurses Union is a Canadian trade union representing registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, registered psychiatric nurses, and operating room technicians in Manitoba.  It is affiliated with the Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions (CFNU), the Canadian Labour Congress (through the CFNU), and the Manitoba Council of Health Care Unions.

Canadian Labour Congress
The Canadian Labour Congress, or CLC (French: Congrès du travail du Canada or CTC), is a national trade union centre, the central labour body in Canada to which most Canadian labour unions are affiliated.