hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Khanates of Azerbaijan
The khanates of Azerbaijan are a number of khanates which emerged in the historical Azerbaijan region in Iran following Nader Shah's death in 1747, at the same time as the neighboring khanates of the Caucasus. While the Caucasian khanates were lost to the Russian Empire following the Russo-Persian War of 1804–1813, the khanates of Azerbaijan remained under Qajar Iran’s authority. Some of these khanates were disestablished in the 19th century by the Qajars. Other khanates were allowed to remain by the Qajars into the 20th century, and were eventually disestablished by Reza Shah Pahlavi.

Khanate
A khanate (/ˈxɑːneɪt, -ət/ KHAHN-ayt, -⁠ət) or khaganate was a polity ruled by a khan, khagan, khatun, or khanum. Khanates were typically nomadic Mongolic and Turkic societies located on the Eurasian Steppe, and politically equivalent in status to kinship-based chiefdoms and feudal monarchies. Khanates and khaganates were organised tribally, where leaders gained power on the support and loyalty of their warrior subjects, gaining tribute from subordinates as realm funding. In comparison to a khanate, a khaganate, the realm of a khagan, was a large nomadic state maintaining subjugation over numerous smaller khanates. The title of khagan, translating as "Khan of the Khans", roughly corresponds in status to that of an emperor.
Octant projection
The octant projection or octants projection, is a type of map projection proposed the first time, in 1508, by Leonardo da Vinci in his Codex Atlanticus. Leonardo's authorship would be demonstrated by Christopher Tyler, who stated "For those projections dated later than 1508, his drawings should be effectively considered the original precursors."

The same page of the Codex contains sketches of eight other projections of the globe (those known in the late fifteenth century) studied by Leonardo, including Ptolemy's conical planisphere projection and Roselli's pseudocylindric projection.

Francesco Rosselli
Francesco Rosselli (1445 – before 1513) was an Italian miniature painter, and engraver of maps and old master prints.  He was described as a cartographer, although his contribution did not include any primary research and was probably limited to engraving, decorating and selling manuscript maps created by others. He created many maps, including one of the first printed maps of the world to incorporate the discoveries of Christopher Columbus in the Americas.: 28–29  The attribution of prints to him is the subject of debate, as different engraving styles are used. This may be the result of different artists in his workshop, or of his and his shop's ability to use different styles.
Ōta, Gunma
Ōta (太田市, Ōta-shi) is a city located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 August 2020, the city had an estimated population of 224,358 in 109,541 households, and a population density of 1300 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 60.97 square kilometres (23.54 sq mi).

Saitama Prefecture
Saitama Prefecture (埼玉県, Saitama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜi.ta.ma, sai.ta.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Saitama Prefecture has a population of 7,338,536 (January 1, 2020) and has a geographic area of 3,797 km2 (1,466 sq mi). Saitama Prefecture borders Tochigi Prefecture and Gunma Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the west, Yamanashi Prefecture to the southwest, Tokyo to the south, Chiba Prefecture to the southeast, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the northeast.

Saitama is the capital and largest city of Saitama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kawaguchi, Kawagoe, and Tokorozawa.
2009 Balkan Badminton Championships
The 2009 Balkan Badminton Championships (Bulgarian: балканско първенство по бадминтон 2009) was a badminton tournament sanctioned by the Balkan Badminton Association and Badminton Europe. The individual and mixed team events were held from 2 to 4 July 2009.

The tournament was held at the Beroe Sports Hall in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. Six countries took part in the championships. In the team event, Bulgaria defeated Turkey 3–0 in the final while Serbia and Greece were awarded bronze.

In the individual events, Bulgaria finished first on the medal table, followed by Turkey with one gold medal, three silver medals and five bronze medals.

Greece national badminton team
The Greece national badminton team (Greek: Εθνική ομάδα Αντιπτέρισης της Ελλάδας) represents Greece in international badminton team competitions. The team is controlled by the Hellenic Badminton Federation, the governing body for badminton in Greece. Greece made their first appearance in the Sudirman Cup in 1997.

At the European stage, Greece has hosted the first edition of the European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships in 2006 which granted the national men's and women's team qualification. The team have yet to qualify for the European Mixed Team Badminton Championships. The team also competed in the Helvetia Cup in 2003 and 2005 but did not reach the semi-finals.

Greece also competes in the Balkan Badminton Championships and has also made several bronze medal finishes at the Balkan Team Championships.
Kammer Canal
The Kammer Canal, or Kammerkanal in German, is a canal in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. It links the lakes of Woblitzsee and Zierker See, thus providing a navigable route between the River Havel, which flows through the Woblitzsee, and the town of Neustrelitz, which is on the Zierker See.

The canal has a length of 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) and has a single lock at Vosswinkel, with a vertical rise of 1.8 metres (5 ft 11 in). It is administered as part of the Obere–Havel–Wasserstraße.

Neustrelitz
Neustrelitz (German: [nɔʏˈʃtʁeːlɪts] ⓘ; East Low German: Niegenstrelitz) is a town in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is situated on the shore of the Zierker See in the Mecklenburg Lake District. From 1738 until 1918 it was the capital of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. From 1994 until 2011 it was the capital of the district of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

The name Strelitz is derived from the Polabian word Strelci, meaning "archers" or "shooters" (cognate with Russian streltsy).
1982 German Open Championships
The 1982 German Open Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at Am Rothenbaum in Hamburg, West Germany that was part of the Super Series of the 1982 Grand Prix circuit. It was the 74th edition of the event and took place from 10 May until 16 May 1982. José Higueras, who was seeded 16th, won the singles title and earned $40,000 first-prize money. He had been affected by hepatitis for over two years and it was his first singles title since the 1979 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships. Higueras played with rackets lent to him by Ivan Lendl instead of his own wooden rackets.

Grand Prix Super Series
The Grand Prix Super Series of men's tennis tournaments was part of the Grand Prix and World Championship Tennis tours between 1978 and 1989, sometimes also referred to as the Super Grand Prix. They were held annually throughout the year in Europe, North America, Africa and Asia. These tournaments were the most prestigious and highest level events of the Grand Prix Tour after the majors and year-end championships.

When the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) became the sole governing body of men's tennis in 1990, all of the surviving tournaments of the Grand Prix were absorbed into the new ATP Tour. The nine top events existing at that time are now known as ATP Tour Masters 1000 tournaments.
Erik Brofoss
Erik Brofoss (21 June 1908 – 7 May 1979) was a Norwegian economist and politician for the Labour Party.

Brofoss was born in Kongsberg. In his younger days he was an athlete who competed national level in the 100 metres. He represented Kongsberg IF, and won a silver medal at the Norwegian championships in 1928. His career best time in 100 m was 10.8 seconds, achieved in August 1931 in Kongsberg. He had 6.96 metres in the long jump, achieved in July 1928 at Bislett stadion.

He became Minister of Finance in 1945 and stayed in this position until 1947. He then helped found the Ministry of Trade and Shipping and headed it from 1947 to 1954.  He was later a director of the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund from 1970 to 1973.

Minister of Finance (Norway)
The Minister of Finance is a councilor of state and chief of the Ministry of Finance. The position is since February 2025 held by Jens Stoltenberg of the Labour Party (Norway) who is a member of Støre's Cabinet. In coalition governments, the leader of the largest junior party is usually made Minister of Finance, and may serve, de jure or de facto, as Deputy Prime Minister.
Salvatore Gallo (footballer)
Salvatore Gallo (born 20 August 1992) is an Italian footballer who plays for Nuorese as a defensive midfielder.

In 2012, he was signed by Lumezzane.

In summer 2013 he was signed by Venezia in co-ownership deal. In June 2014 Chievo bought back Gallo.

Venezia FC
Venezia Football Club is an Italian professional football club based in Venice, Veneto, that currently plays in Serie B, the second tier of Italian football.

Originally founded as Venezia Foot Ball Club in 1907, the club have spent a large part of their history in Italy's top two divisions.

Venezia's biggest achievement to date was winning the Coppa Italia in the 1940–41 season. They followed this cup success up with their highest Serie A finish of third place in the following season.
Kansafra
Kansafra (Arabic: كنصفرة)  is a Syrian village located in Ihsim Nahiyah in Ariha District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Kansafra had a population of 7,496 in the 2004 census.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Retortamonad
The retortamonads are a small group of flagellates, most commonly found in the intestines of animals as commensals, although a free-living species called the Chilomastix cuspidata exists.  They are grouped under the taxon Archezoa. They are usually around 5-20 μm in length, and all of their small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences are very similar to each other.  There are two genera: Retortamonas with two flagella, and Chilomastix with four.  In both cases there are four basal bodies anterior to a prominent feeding groove, and one flagellum is directed back through the cell, emerging from the groove.

The retortamonads lack mitochondria, golgi apparatus, dictyosomes, and peroxisomes.  They are close relatives of the diplomonads, and are placed among the metamonads along with them. Due to the abundant phylogenetic similarities between the two flagellates, since diplomonads do not ancestrally lack mitochondrion, this suggests that retortamonads are also secondarily amitochondriate.

Basal body
A basal body, basal granule, or kinetosome, and in older literature blepharoplast, is a protein complex structure found at the base of a cilium or a eukaryotic flagellum. The basal body was named by Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann in 1880. It is formed from a centriole and several additional protein structures, and is, essentially, a modified centriole. The basal body serves as a nucleation site for the growth of the axoneme microtubules. Centrioles, from which basal bodies are derived, act as anchoring sites for proteins that in turn anchor microtubules, and are known as the microtubule organizing center (MTOC). These microtubules provide structure and facilitate movement of vesicles and other organelles within many eukaryotic cells.
German submarine U-83 (1940)
German submarine U-83 was a Type VIIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was laid down in the Flender Werke at Lübeck as yard number 291 on 5 October 1939. Launched on 9 December 1940, she was commissioned on 8 February 1941. U-83 served with 1st U-boat Flotilla from 8 February 1941 to 31 December, with the 23rd flotilla from 1 January 1942 to 30 April and with the 29th flotilla from 1 March 1942 until she was sunk.

23rd U-boat Flotilla
23rd U-boat Flotilla ("23. Unterseebootsflottille") was a unit of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The flotilla was first formed in Salamis, Greece, on 11 September 1941 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Fritz Frauenheim. It operated in the eastern Mediterranean and sank 12 ships for a total of 50,820 gross register tons (GRT). In May 1942 the flotilla was merged into 29th U-boat Flotilla, based at La Spezia, Italy.

The flotilla was re-founded in September 1943 as a Training Flotilla under the command of Korvettenkapitän Otto von Bülow, based at Danzig. It trained new U-boat commanders in attack techniques (Kommandantenschiesslehrgang, "Commanders shooting training course"). The flotilla was disbanded in March 1945.
Antoni Serra Serra
Antoni Serra Serra (1708–1755) was a religious writer and member of the Order of Minims.

Serra was born in Sa Pobla.  He was in the Convent of Saint Francis of Pauoa of Palma and was a Reader of philosophy and theology, Visitor, Mallorca's Order of Minims General and Provincial Vicar Inquisition Qualifier; Postulator in 1739 of the cause of beatification of Catherine Thomas.  He died in Palma, Majorca, aged about 47.

Catherine Thomas
Catherine Thomas (born in 1963) is a Welsh politician and former Labour Welsh Assembly Member for the constituency of Llanelli. She narrowly beat Helen Mary Jones of Plaid Cymru at the 2003 Assembly election with a majority of 21. Helen Mary Jones defeated her in the 2007 election.
Rheagan Wallace
Courtney Rheagan Wallace is an American actress who had a brief recurring role as Georgia Huffington on the television series 7th Heaven. Her other television credits include Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., Devious Maids, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, ER, That's So Raven, Malcolm in the Middle, NYPD Blue, Judging Amy and Walker, Texas Ranger, among other series.

Rheagan was born in Dallas, Texas. She played a role as a child in the game Harvester.

In 2011, Rheagan played Deede Wallrath, the daughter of Texas agricultural tycoon Richard "Dick" Wallrath (portrayed by Jon Gries) in the film Deep in the Heart (which premiered at the Austin Film Festival on October 23, 2011).

Her most recent performance, the tenth installment of the Hellraiser franchise, in the 2018 Hellraiser: Judgment. Rheagan plays Alison Carter, the wife of Detective Sean Carter.

Harvester (video game)
Harvester is a 1996 point-and-click adventure game written and directed by Gilbert P. Austin and developed by DigiFX Interactive. Players take on the role of Steve Mason, an 18-year-old man who awakens in the fictional Texas town of Harvest in 1953, with amnesia. Over the next week, he is coerced or manipulated into performing a series of tasks with increasingly violent consequences at the behest of The Order of the Harvest Moon, a cult-like organization which seems to dominate the town and which promises to reveal the truth about Steve and how he found himself in Harvest.

Harvester was released on DOS, Microsoft Windows, and Linux in North America on September 24, 1996. The game is known for its violent content and its meta-commentary examination of violence, and has garnered a cult following.
Antonietta Fagnani Arese
Antonia Barbara Giulia Faustina Angiola Lucia Fagnani Arese (née Fagnani; Milan, 19 November 1778 – Genoa, 11 December 1847), nicknamed Antonietta, was a Milanese noblewoman, translator of Goethe, and correspondent of Ugo Foscolo.

Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)
The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia; French: Royaume d'Italie) was a kingdom in Northern Italy (formerly the Italian Republic) that was a client state of Napoleon's French Empire. It was fully influenced by revolutionary France and ended with Napoleon's defeat and fall. Its government was assumed by Napoleon as King of Italy and the viceroyalty delegated to his stepson Eugène de Beauharnais. It covered some of Piedmont and the modern regions of Lombardy, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Trentino, South Tyrol, and Marche. Napoleon I also ruled the rest of northern and central Italy in the form of Nice, Aosta, Piedmont, Liguria, Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, but directly as part of the French Empire (as departments), rather than as part of a vassal state.

At its peak, the kingdom covered 84,000 square kilometers and had a population of 6.5 million.
Electronic Beats
Telekom Electronic Beats (TEB) is an international music marketing program of Deutsche Telekom focusing on electronic music and international club culture. The program was founded in 2000. It comprises a media portfolio and has been organizing events such as concerts, festivals and club nights with mainly electronic music artists throughout Europe.

Zoot Woman
Zoot Woman is a British electronic music group, which composes of members Adam Blake, Johnny Blake and Stuart Price.

Their debut studio album Living in a Magazine was released by Wall of Sound backed by singles "It's Automatic" and "Living in a Magazine". Their second eponymous album features the singles "Grey Day" and "Taken It All".

Zoot Woman songs have been remixed by Todd Edwards, Le Knight Club featuring Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo of Daft Punk, Adam Port, Michael Mayer, Ben Böhmer, Boris Dlugosch, Ninetoes, Chopstick & Johnjon.

Price and Adam Blake also remix under the alias Paper Faces, as well as individually, and have reworked tracks for Zoot Woman and recording artists such as Madonna, Kylie Minogue, Scissor Sisters, Armand Van Helden, and Chromeo.
Nathan Bedford Forrest II
Nathan Bedford Forrest II (August 1871 – March 11, 1931) was an American businessman who served as the 19th Commander-in-Chief of the Sons of Confederate Veterans from 1919 to 1921, and as the Grand Dragon of the Ku Klux Klan in Georgia. Forrest was born in Oxford, Mississippi, in 1871. His grandfather, Nathan Bedford Forrest, was a senior officer of the Confederate States Army who commanded cavalry in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. His only son, Nathan Bedford Forrest III, was a senior officer of the United States Army Air Forces killed in action in the European Theater of World War II.

In the Confederate Veteran, Nathan Bedford Forrest II claimed that in 1915 he and Tate Brady were making plans together for an "active campaign throughout Oklahoma" on behalf of the Sons of Confederate Veterans. He served as Secretary and Business Manager at Lanier University in Atlanta, a college that was sold to the Klan in 1921.

Ku Klux Klan titles and vocabulary
Ku Klux Klan (KKK) nomenclature has evolved over the order's nearly 160 years of existence. The titles and designations were first laid out in the 1920s Kloran, setting out KKK terms and traditions. Like many KKK terms, this is a portmanteau term, formed from Klan and Koran.
Al Ahly TV
Al Ahly TV (Arabic: قناة الأهلي) is an Egyptian television channel that currently Broadcast the football team's friendly matches, youth team matches and other sports matches. The channel was established in 2008, in cooperation with Arab Radio and Television Network. The official broadcast of the channel was launched on 12/3/2010 When former club president Hassan Hamdy announced the opening of the channel.

Hassan Hamdy
Mohamed Mahmoud Hamdy Ismail (Arabic: محمد محمود حمدي إسماعيل; born 2 August 1949), better known as Hassan Hamdy (Arabic: حسن حمدي), was the 12th and president of the Egyptian Al Ahly Sporting Club. He was the vice president of the club during Saleh Selim's presidency and the chairman of Al-Ahram advertising agency which is part of the Al-Ahram association and the president of the International Advertising Association (IAA)'s Cairo branch. He also played for Al Ahly football team as a midfielder/defender in 1960 and 1970, and was the 20th captain of the squad.
He played for Egypt national football team from early seventies to late seventies of the last century.
Tadashi Sawamura
Tadashi Sawamura (沢村 忠, Sawamura Tadashi, January 5, 1943 – March 26, 2021) was a Japanese kickboxer whose real name was Hideki Shiraha (白羽 秀樹, Shiraha Hideki). He is often credited with sparking the "Shōwa era kickboxing boom", being one of the era's most popular Japanese fighters, and enjoying great fame throughout his career.

Japan Professional Sports Grand Prize
Japan Professional Sports Grand Prize (日本プロスポーツ大賞, Nippon Puro Supōtsu Taisyō) is given to one sportsperson or sports team every year since 1968 by the Japan Professional Sports Association. The award is one of the most prestigious all-sport awards in Japanese sport. The recordholders are the baseball players Ichiro Suzuki and Sadaharu Oh (three awards). A committee of representatives from Tokyo newspapers, wire services, television and radio for sports media are responsible for making the selections. The winner is given the Prime Minister Trophy.

From 2019 to 2021, the awards was discontinued due to problems within the Japan Professional Sports Association.
John Denman (cricketer)
John Denman (born 13 June 1947 in Horley, Surrey) is an English former cricketer active from 1970 to 1973 who played for Sussex. He appeared in 49 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm medium pace. He scored 713 runs with a highest score of 50 not out and took 70 wickets with a best performance of five for 45.

Denman later became a geography teacher and also coached cricket at top independent boarding school Worth Abbey, in Turners Hill, Sussex, through the 1980s and into the 1990s.  During that time he was also associated with youth coaching for Sussex CCC at up to U18 level.

Horley
Horley is a town in the borough of Reigate and Banstead in Surrey, England, south of the towns of Reigate and Redhill. The county border with West Sussex is to the south with Crawley and Gatwick Airport close to the town.

It has its own economy that comprises business parks and a shopping centre with a long high street. Because of its position, it has good commuter links to London and other surrounding towns.
Lord Crichton
The Lordship of Parliament of Crichton (Lord Crichton) was created in the Peerage of Scotland around 1443 for William Crichton, who was Chancellor of Scotland (1439–1443 & 1448–1454). The third lord made the lordship become forfeited in 1484. It was recreated in 1642, along with the Viscountcy of Frendraught, for James Crichton, and was forfeit again on the attainder of the 4th Viscount Frendraught in 1690.

Lord Chancellor of Scotland
The Lord Chancellor of Scotland, formally titled Lord High Chancellor, was an Officer of State in the Kingdom of Scotland. The Lord Chancellor was the principal Great Officer of State, the presiding officer of the Parliament of Scotland, the Keeper of the Great Seal, the presiding officer of the Privy Council (until 1626), and a judge of the College of Justice.

Holders of the office are known from 1123 onwards, but its duties were occasionally performed by an official of lower status with the title of Keeper of the Great Seal. From the 15th century, the Chancellor was normally a bishop or a peer.

Following the Union, the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England became the first Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, but the Earl of Seafield continued as Lord Chancellor of Scotland until 1708. He was re-appointed in 1713 and sat as an Extraordinary Lord of Session in that capacity until his death in 1730.