hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St Patrick's Roman Catholic High School
St Patrick's RC High School is a coeducational Roman Catholic secondary school in the Peel Green area of Eccles, Greater Manchester, England.

Established in 1957, St. Patrick's was re-organised as a comprehensive school in 1977. It is a voluntary aided school administered by Salford City Council and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salford. The school moved into a new building in 2013 as part of the Building Schools for the Future programme.

St Patrick's RC High School offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils. The school is named after Saint Patrick, a 5th-century Christian missionary and the first Bishop of Armagh in Ireland.

Archbishop of Armagh
The Archbishop of Armagh is an archiepiscopal title which takes its name from the see city of Armagh in Northern Ireland. Since the Reformation, there have been parallel apostolic successions to the title: one in the Catholic Church and the other in the Church of Ireland. The archbishop of each denomination also holds the title of Primate of All Ireland.

In the Church of Ireland, the archbishop is John McDowell, who is the ecclesiastical head of the Church of Ireland and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Armagh. He was elected as archbishop in March 2020 and translated to the role on 28 April 2020.

In the Catholic Church, the archbishop is Eamon Martin, who is the ecclesiastical head of the Catholic Church in Ireland, metropolitan of the Province of Armagh and the ordinary of the Archdiocese of Armagh. He succeeded on 8 September 2014, having been ordained Coadjutor Archbishop of Armagh on 21 April 2013 at St Patrick's Cathedral, Armagh.
Polynomial evaluation
In mathematics and computer science, polynomial evaluation refers to computation of the value of a polynomial when its indeterminates are substituted for some values. In other words, evaluating the polynomial  at  consists of computing  See also Polynomial ring § Polynomial evaluation

For evaluating the univariate polynomial  the most naive method would use  multiplications to compute , use  multiplications to compute  and so on for a total of  multiplications and  additions.
Using better methods, such as Horner's rule, this can be reduced to  multiplications and  additions. If some preprocessing is allowed, even more savings are possible.

Finite field
In mathematics, a finite field or Galois field (so-named in honor of Évariste Galois) is a field that has a finite number of elements.  As with any field, a finite field is a set on which the operations of multiplication, addition, subtraction and division are defined and satisfy certain basic rules.  The most common examples of finite fields are the integers mod  when  is a prime number.

The order of a finite field is its number of elements, which is either a prime number or a prime power. For every prime number  and every positive integer  there are fields of order . All finite fields of a given order are isomorphic.

Finite fields are fundamental in a number of areas of mathematics and computer science, including number theory, algebraic geometry, Galois theory, finite geometry, cryptography and coding theory.
Activation function
In artificial neural networks, the activation function of a node is a function that calculates the output of the node based on its individual inputs and their weights. Nontrivial problems can be solved using only a few nodes if the activation function is nonlinear.

Modern activation functions include the logistic (sigmoid) function used in the 2012 speech recognition model developed by Hinton et al; the ReLU used in the 2012 AlexNet computer vision model and in the 2015 ResNet model; and the smooth version of the ReLU, the GELU, which was used in the 2018 BERT model.

Maximum and minimum
In mathematical analysis, the maximum and minimum of a function are, respectively, the greatest and least value taken by the function. Known generically as extrema, they may be defined either within a given range (the local or relative extrema) or on the entire domain (the global or absolute extrema) of a function. Pierre de Fermat was one of the first mathematicians to propose a general technique, adequality, for finding the maxima and minima of functions.

As defined in set theory, the maximum and minimum of a set are the greatest and least elements in the set, respectively. Unbounded infinite sets, such as the set of real numbers, have no minimum or maximum.

In statistics, the corresponding concept is the sample maximum and minimum.
Ruger Gunsite Scout
The Ruger Gunsite Scout is a bolt-action rifle introduced by Sturm, Ruger & Co. at the 2011 SHOT Show. It is a re-designed scout rifle based on their Model 77 action and developed with Gunsite Training Center.

SHOT Show
The SHOT Show, which is an acronym for "Shooting, Hunting, and Outdoor Trade Show", is an American annual trade show for the shooting sports, hunting, outdoor recreation, and firearm manufacturing industries. The show is sponsored by the National Shooting Sports Foundation (NSSF).

The first ever SHOT Show was held in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1979. It used to rotate between Las Vegas, Nevada; Orlando, Florida; New Orleans, Louisiana, and several other U.S. cities, although since 2010 it has taken place only in Las Vegas at the Sands Expo (renamed the Venetian Expo in September 2021), and is contracted to remain there through 2027. It attracted over 60,000 attendees to its 630,000 square feet (59,000 m2) of exhibition space in Las Vegas. It is among the top 25 trade shows in the US.
Norisring
The Norisring is a street circuit in Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany. Originally established as a motorcycle racing venue in 1947 and named in a 1950 competition to win a light motorcycle, the track became known as a sports car racing venue in the 1970s. Since 2000, it has been annually used by the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, the premier Germany-based touring car racing series. The length of the simple track with two hairpin turns and a chicane has been set to 2.300 km (1.429 mi) since 1972, after various lengths were used in its early years.

Chicane
A chicane (/ʃɪˈkeɪn/) is a serpentine curve in a road, added by design rather than dictated by geography. Chicanes add extra turns and are used both in motor racing and on roads and streets to slow traffic for safety. For example, one form of chicane is a short, shallow S-shaped turn that requires the driver to turn slightly left and then slightly right to continue on the road, requiring the driver to reduce speed. The word chicane is derived from the French verb chicaner, which means "to create difficulties" or "to dispute pointlessly", "quibble", which is also the root of the English noun chicanery. The Spanish verb chicanear also means "to use trickery".
Kitagawa, Miyazaki
Kitagawa (北川町, Kitagawa-chō) was a town located in Higashiusuki District, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 4,684 and the density of 16.73 persons per km2. The total area was 279.91 km2.

On March 31, 2007, Kitagawa was merged into the expanded city of Nobeoka and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Higashiusuki District, Miyazaki
Higashiusuki (東臼杵郡, Higashiusuki-gun) is a district located in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan.

As of October 1, 2019, the district has an estimated population of 26,460 and the density of 20.4 persons per km2. The total area is 1,294.21 km2.
Paul Haavaoks
Paul Haavaoks (12 April 1924 Värska, Setumaa – 30 September 1983) was an Estonian poet.

He had several jobs. For some time, he was a member of the Saatse Parish executive committee. He was also a member of the editorial office of the newspaper Koit in Põlva. He started working as a professional writer in 1955.

Põlva
Põlva (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈpɤlˑˈʋɑ]; German: Pölwe) is a town in southeastern Estonia, the county seat of Põlva County, and the centre of Põlva Parish.

Põlva is home for the Intsikurmu Music Festival Grounds, which regularly hosts concerts and summer activities, situated in a small forested area on the west side of the town.
State v. Yanz
State v. Yanz, 50 A. 37 (Conn. 1901), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of Connecticut (then called the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors) that held that a provocation defense that reduced a murder charge to one of manslaughter is still valid even in the presence of a reasonable mistake of fact. Specifically, in the case where a man reasonably believed his wife was committing adultery and kills her alleged paramour, even where that belief was mistaken, the provocation would be enough to reduce the charge from murder to manslaughter.

Connecticut Supreme Court
The Connecticut Supreme Court, formerly known as the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors, is the highest court in the U.S. state of Connecticut. It consists of a Chief Justice and six Associate Justices. The seven justices sit in Hartford, across the street from the Connecticut State Capitol. The court generally holds eight sessions of two to three weeks per year, with one session each September through November and January through May. Justices are appointed by the governor and then approved by the Connecticut General Assembly.
Carla Padilla Ramos
Carla Alicia Padilla Ramos (born 6 May 1969) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PVEM. As of 2013 she served as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the State of Mexico.

LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 62nd session of the Congress of Mexico, met from September 1, 2012, to August 31, 2015. It consisted of Senators and Deputies in their respective chambers. All members of both the lower and upper houses of the Congress were elected in the elections of July 2012.

Senators were elected for a six-year term during the 2012 elections, allowing them to serve in both the LXII and subsequent legislatures. Deputies, also elected in the 2012 elections, served exclusively during the LXII Legislature.

The composition of the LXII Legislature was as follows:
Bő (genus)
Bő was the name of a gens (Latin for "clan"; nemzetség in Hungarian) in the Kingdom of Hungary, which initially possessed landholdings and villages in Somogy County. Among other families, the Túz de Lak noble family descended from them.

Judge royal
The judge royal, also justiciar, chief justice or Lord Chief Justice (German: Oberster Landesrichter, Hungarian: országbíró, Slovak: krajinský sudca or dvorský sudca, Latin: curialis comes or iudex curiae regiae), was the second-highest judge, preceded only by the palatine, in the Kingdom of Hungary between around 1127 and 1884. After 1884, the judge royal was only a symbolic function, but it was only in 1918 — with the end of Habsburgs in the Kingdom of Hungary (the kingdom continued formally until 1946) — that the function ceased officially.

There remain significant problems in the translation of the title of this officer. In Latin, the title translates as 'Judge of the Royal Court', which lacks specificity. In Hungarian, he is 'Judge of the Country', with 'country' in this sense meaning 'political community', being thus broadly analogous to the German 'Land'. English has no obvious translation for Landesrichter, which is the direct German translation of országbíró.
Emmanuel Caparas
Emmanuel Leido Caparas is a Filipino lawyer who served as acting Secretary of Justice under the presidency of Benigno Aquino III. Prior to his appointment as acting secretary he worked as undersecretary and spokesperson of the Department of Justice. He also worked as Acting Chief of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Regulatory Office.

Integrated Bar of the Philippines
The Integrated Bar of the Philippines (IBP; Filipino: Pinagsamang mga Abogasya ng Pilipinas) is the national organization of lawyers in the Philippines. It is the mandatory bar association for Filipino lawyers.
Kiddyphone
Kiddyphone was a 1920s United Kingdom record label which issued small-sized gramophone records aimed at young children.

The label was owned by the Crystalate Gramophone Record Manufacturing Company Ltd., which also manufactured Imperial records. Some Kiddyphone releases were edited versions of recordings already issued on the Imperial label - this was also the case with Kiddyphone's sister label Mimosa.

Kiddyphone records were issued in three different sizes (7 inch, 5½ inch, and 6 inch) during the label's lifetime. As with many records of this type, the recording artists are not always credited on Kiddyphone record labels.

Imperial Records
Imperial Records is an American record company and label started in 1947 by Lew Chudd. The label was reactivated in 2006 by EMI, which owned the label and back catalogue at the time. Imperial is owned by Universal Music Group.
Honeylight
Honeylight (1953 – after 1972) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. She showed promise as a juvenile in 1955 when she won three of her six races. She reached her peak in the following spring when she won the Free Handicap and the took the 1000 Guineas. She never won again but finished fourth in the Epsom Oaks and third in the Yorkshire Oaks before being retired from racing at the end of the year. She had some success as a broodmare.

European Free Handicap
The European Free Handicap was a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old horses. It was run over a distance of 7 furlongs (1,408 metres) on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket in mid-April. In December 2022 the British Horseracing Authority announced that it would not be run in 2023.

The handicap for the race is based on the European Thoroughbred Rankings, an assessment of the previous season's two-year-olds published in January.
Fritchie Marsh
Fritchie Marsh is an area encompassing 6,291 acres of intermediate and brackish marsh located approximately three miles to the southeast of Slidell, Louisiana, United States. This wetland was originally documented as a freshwater marsh but has since been converted to a mixed intermediate and brackish marsh, and it threatens to become open salt water. Through the combined efforts of conservation groups and sponsors, the Fritchie Marsh Restoration Project was created and designed to restore the area to its original state. In the early years, this project showed a positive impact but soon suffered a devastating impact during Hurricane Katrina.

Brackish marsh
Brackish marshes develop from salt marshes where a significant freshwater influx dilutes the seawater to brackish levels of salinity. This commonly happens upstream from salt marshes by estuaries of coastal rivers or near the mouths of coastal rivers with heavy freshwater discharges in the conditions of low tidal ranges.
Torrejonian
The Torrejonian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American  faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 63,300,000 to 60,200,000 years BP lasting 3.1 million years.

It is usually considered to overlap the Selandian and Thanetian within the Paleocene.

The Torrejonian is preceded by the Puercan and followed by the Tiffanian NALMA stages.

The Torrejonian is considered to be contained within the Danian and contains the following substages:

To3: Lower boundary source of the base of the Torrejonian (approximate).

To2: Lower boundary source of the base of the Torrejonian (approximate) and upper boundary source of the base of the Selandian (approximate).

To1: Upper boundary source (61.7 Ma) of the base of the Selandian (approximate).

Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year.

In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present".
Everything Is Average Nowadays
"Everything Is Average Nowadays" is a song by English rock band Kaiser Chiefs and is the ninth track on their second album, Yours Truly, Angry Mob. The song was released as the second single from that album in the United Kingdom on 21 May 2007 (see 2007 in British music).

A live version of the song recorded in Berlin during the band's tour there in November 2006 was released in the United States on 13 March 2007 as part of a promotional disc offered at Best Buy stores.

Both the CD and 7" formats of the single were issued at a limited run, and was deleted one week after its release.

The song has been covered by The Little Ones, which is available on a 7" single with the Kaiser Chiefs' "Love's Not a Competition (But I'm Winning)".

The Little Ones (band)
The Little Ones was an indie pop band based in Los Angeles, California. The music of the band, which features tambourines and handclaps, has garnered comparisons to 1960s pop bands such as The Beach Boys, The Zombies, The Kinks, modern-day pop group The Shins, and the Elephant Six collective.
Sadegh Khalkhali
Mohammed Sadeq Givi Khalkhali (Persian: محمدصادق گیوی خلخالی; 27 July 1926 – 26 November 2003) was an Iranian Shia cleric who is said to have "brought to his job as Chief Justice of the revolutionary courts a relish for summary execution" that earned him a reputation as Iran's "hanging judge". A farmer's son from Iranian Azeri origins, Khalkhali was born in Givi, Azerbaijani SSR, in the Soviet Union (now in Azerbaijan). He is also reported to have been born in Kivi, in the Khalkhal County, Iran (ergo his name). Khalkhali has been described as "a small, rotund man with a pointed beard, kindly smile, and a high-pitched giggle" by The Daily Telegraph.

Iranian Azerbaijanis
Iranian Azerbaijanis are a Turkic ethnic group native to the Iranian Azerbaijan region (including provinces of East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan and West Azerbaijan). They also live in smaller numbers in other provinces, such as Kurdistan, Qazvin, Hamadan, Gilan, Markazi and Kermanshah. Iranian Azerbaijanis constitute the largest ethnic minority in Iran and make up significant minorities in Tehran, Karaj, and elsewhere in Iran. Most Iranian Azerbaijanis are bilingual in Azerbaijani and Persian.
Vigilius Blasius Faitelli
Vigilius Blasius Faitelli (1710–1768) was a Tyrolean composer and kapellmeister at the Damenstift Church, Hall in Tirol. He is remembered for his three collections of church music; Op.1 Augsburg, undated. Op.2 Octo dulcisona modulamina 1752 printed in the Abbey of Saint Gall, St. Gallen. Op.3. Augsburg, 1754.

St. Gallen
St. Gallen is a Swiss city and the capital of the canton of St. Gallen. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration (with around 167,000 inhabitants in 2019) and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. Its economy consists mainly of the service sector. The city is home to the University of St. Gallen, one of the best business schools in Europe.

The main tourist attraction is the Abbey of Saint Gall, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Abbey's renowned library contains books from the 9th century. The official language of St. Gallen is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic Swiss German. The city has good transport links to the rest of the country and to neighbouring Germany and Austria. It also functions as the gate to the Appenzellerland.
Balfre Vargas Cortez
Balfre Vargas Cortez (30 January 1959 – 26 November 2020) was a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution. From 2009 to 2012 he served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the Federal District's third district.

He was killed by COVID-19 in 2020.

3rd federal electoral district of Mexico City
The 3rd federal electoral district of Mexico City (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 03 de la Ciudad de México; previously "of the Federal District") is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 22 such districts in Mexico City.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Gabriela Jiménez Godoy of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
Novaya Chara
Novaya Chara (Russian: Новая Чара) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Kalarsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located in the basin of the Chara River, in the eastern parts of Stanovoy Range, approximately 600 kilometers (370 mi) in a straight line northeast of the krai's administrative center of Chita, and 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) from the district's administrative center of Chara. Population:  4,315 (2010 Census); 4,693 (2002 Census); 8,787 (1989 Soviet census).

Krai
A krai or kray is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR.

Etymologically, the word is related to the verb кроить (kroítǐ [krɐˈitʲ]), meaning 'to cut'. Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state, since the word krai also means 'border' or 'edge', i.e., 'a place of the cut-off'. In English the term is often translated as 'territory'. As of 2015, the administrative usage of the term is mostly traditional, as some oblasts also fit this description and there is no difference in constitutional legal status in Russia between the krais and the oblasts.
2022 Montana Legislative Referendum 131
The 2022 Montana Legislative Referendum 131, commonly known as the Born-Alive referendum, was a legislatively-referred state statute in the state of Montana, which was voted on alongside the 2022 elections in the state. The statute, which sought to define certain infants as "born alive" – including following abortions – and compel medical practitioners to provide life-sustaining care to them no matter the prognosis, was rejected by voters.

Montana was one of six states to vote on an abortion-related referendum as part of the 2022 elections, alongside California, Michigan, Kansas, Kentucky, and Vermont. Although the vote was held following the United States Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, the Montana Legislature passed the bill before the decision had been taken.

Americans United for Life
Americans United for Life (AUL) is an American anti-abortion law firm and advocacy group based in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1971, the group opposes abortion, euthanasia, assisted suicide, embryonic stem cell research, and certain contraceptive methods. The organization has led campaigns and been involved in judicial actions to prevent the passage and implementation of legislation that permits abortion, or may increase prevalence of abortion, including successfully defending the Hyde Amendment in the U.S. Supreme Court.

The group has been influential in the spread of so-called "Heartbeat" legislation across a number of American states.