hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dulwich (UK Parliament constituency)
Dulwich was a borough constituency in the Dulwich area of South London, which returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The constituency was created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 for the 1885 general election.  The constituency was abolished by the Boundary Commission in 1997, when most of its former territory became part of the Dulwich and West Norwood constituency.

South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, mostly south of the River Thames. The region consists of the boroughs, in whole or in part, of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

South London originally emerged from Southwark, first recorded as Suthriganaweorc, meaning 'fort of the men of Surrey'. From Southwark, London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent.
Embrun, Hautes-Alpes
Embrun (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃bʁœ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: Ambrun pronounced [amˈbryn], Latin: Ebrodunum, Ebrudunum, and Eburodunum) is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (commonly shortened to PACA), sometimes  known as Région Sud, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located at the far southeastern point of the mainland. The main prefecture and largest city is Marseille, France's second largest city proper after Paris and the 2nd largest urban area when combined with Aix-en-Provence with over 1.9 million residents.
Zevia
Zevia is a Los Angeles based company that produces soft drinks, organic tea, energy drinks, and mixers sweetened with stevia. All Zevia products are zero-calorie, sugar-free, gluten free, vegan, certified kosher, and certified by The Non-GMO Project. In June 2021, Zevia filed to go public with an IPO.

The Non-GMO Project
The Non-GMO Project is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization focusing on genetically modified organisms. The organization began as an initiative of independent natural foods retailers in the U.S. and Canada, with the stated aim to label products produced in compliance with their Non-GMO Project Standard, which aims to prevent genetically modified foodstuffs from being present in retail food products. The organization is headquartered in Bellingham, Washington. The Non-GMO label began use in 2012 with Numi Organic Tea products.
Black Venus (1983 film)
Black Venus is a 1983 softcore erotic melodrama film directed by Claude Mulot. It purportedly is based on an unspecified short story by Honoré de Balzac. It was produced by Playboy Enterprises and originally aired in an edited 80-minute version on the Playboy Channel; an uncut English-dubbed version was released on DVD in 2006.

PLBY Group
PLBY Group, Inc. is an American global media and lifestyle company founded by Hugh Hefner as Playboy Enterprises, Inc. to oversee the Playboy magazine and related assets. Its headquarters were in Los Angeles, California up until 2025, when they relocated to Miami Beach, Florida.

The company is focused on four primary business lines: Sexual Wellness, Style & Apparel, Gaming and Lifestyle, and Beauty & Grooming. Today, PLBY Group, together with its subsidiaries, engages in the development and distribution of content, products and high-profile events that embody both "eroticism and fine art", and apparel retailing. It is in the top twenty most licensed brands globally.
Madden Raparees GAC
Madden Raparees Gaelic Athletic Club (Irish: Ropairí na Madan) is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located southwest of Milford, County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The club is part of Armagh GAA and plays Gaelic football in the Armagh Senior Championship. They play at Raparee Park (Irish: Páirc na Ropairí), located just 2.6 miles to the northeast of Madden.

The club takes its name from the raparees (pikemen), a term applied to guerrilla fighters on the Jacobite side during the 1690s Williamite war in Ireland, and subsequently to bandits and highwaymen.

Brigandage
Brigandage is the life and practice of highway robbery and plunder. It is practiced by a brigand, a person who is typically part of a gang and lives by pillage and robbery.

The word brigand entered English as brigant via French from Italian as early as 1400. Under the laws of war, soldiers acting on their own recognizance without operating in chain of command are brigands, liable to be tried under civilian laws as common criminals. However, on occasions brigands are not mere malefactors, but may be rebels against a state or union perceived as the enemy.

Bad administration and suitable terrain encourage the development of brigands. Historical examples of brigands (often called so by their enemies) have existed in territories of France, Greece and the Balkans, India, Italy, Mexico and Spain, as well as certain regions of the United States.
Flohr
Flohr is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bruce Flohr, founder of RailTex

Marlon Flohr, Dutch EDM producer, half of Bassjackers

Nina Flohr, Swiss businesswoman

Salo Flohr, Czech-Jewish chess grandmaster

Thomas Flohr, Swiss billionaire, founder of VistaJet

RailTex
RailTex was a transportation holding company that specialized in owning and operating short line railroads across North America.

Based in San Antonio, Texas, the public company was a leader in making unprofitable lines shed by Class I railroads into viable transportation routes. The company was taken over by RailAmerica in February 2000.
Baishazhou
Baishazhou (Chinese: 白沙洲街道; pinyin: báishāzhōu jiēdào) is a subdistrict of Wangcheng District, Changsha, Hunan. It is located on the western bank of the Xiang River. The subdistrict is bordered by Dazehu subdistrict to the south, Jinshanqiao subdistricts to the west, Wushan Subdistrict to the north, Xiufeng subdistrict of Kaifu District and Dingziwan subdistrict across the Xiang river to the east.

The Baishazhou subdistrict was formed by a partition of Xincheng on August 29, 2012. It covers an area of 25.44 km2 (9.82 sq mi) with a population of about 20,709 (2015). The subdistrict has one residential community and three villages under its jurisdiction.

Kaifu, Changsha
Kaifu District (Chinese: 开福区; pinyin: Kāifú Qū) is one of six urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Changsha, the capital of Hunan Province, China. The district is bordered by Furong and Tianxin Districts to the south, Changsha County to the east and northeast, Wangcheng District to the north, Yuelu and Wangcheng Districts across the Xiang river to the west. Located in the central Changsha, Kaifu covers 188.73 km2 (72.87 sq mi) with population of 595,000, registered population of 452,168 (as of 2014). The district has 16 subdistricts under its jurisdiction, the government seat is at Furongbeilu subdistrict.

It has a surface of 72.87 mi2 and a population of 595,000 according to the census in 2014.
Darío (crater)
Darío is a crater on Mercury. It has a diameter of 151 kilometers. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976. Dario is named for the Nicaraguan poet Rubén Darío, who lived from 1867 to 1916.  The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.

Darío lies on the western rim of the much larger Aneirin crater.  The highest of several scarps that cut across the floor of Darío corresponds with the rim of Aneirin.

Rubén Darío
Félix Rubén García Sarmiento (18 January 1867 – 6 February 1916), known as Rubén Darío (US: /dɑːˈriːoʊ/ dah-REE-oh, Spanish: [ruˈβen daˈɾi.o]), was a Nicaraguan poet who initiated the Spanish-language literary movement known as modernismo (modernism) that flourished at the end of the 19th century. Darío had a great and lasting influence on 20th-century Spanish-language literature and journalism.
Parathelypteris
Parathelypteris is a genus of ferns in the family Thelypteridaceae, subfamily Thelypteridoideae, in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). Other sources sink Parathelypteris into a very broadly defined genus Thelypteris.

Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional).
The classification was presented as a consensus classification supported by the community of fern taxonomists. Alternative classifications of ferns exist and are preferred by some.
Argyresthia eugeniella
Argyresthia eugeniella, the guava moth, is a moth found in Florida.

The wingspan is 7–8 mm. The forewings are dark golden brown with a violet sheen and with darker brown transverse reticulation. The hindwings are light silvery fuscous.

Females penetrate guavas and lay their eggs inside the plant. In its larval form it tunnels through the guavas, damaging them.

Guava
Guava (/ˈɡwɑːvə/ GWAH-və), also known as the 'guava-pear' in various regions, is a common tropical fruit cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. The common guava Psidium guajava (lemon guava, apple guava) is a small tree in the myrtle family (Myrtaceae), native to Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America.

The name guava is also given to some other species in the genus Psidium such as strawberry guava (Psidium cattleyanum) and to the pineapple guava, Feijoa sellowiana. In 2019, 55 million tonnes of guavas were produced worldwide, led by India  with 75% of the total. Botanically, guavas are berries.
55th Armoured Regiment (India)
55th Armoured Regiment is part of the Armoured Corps of the Indian Army.

The Regiment had the honour of participating in the Republic Day parade in 2014 with their T-90 tanks.

The motto of the regiment is युद्धाय दृढ़ निश्चय (Yudhyay Dridh Nishchay), which translates to ‘Into Battle with Resolve’.

Indian Army Armoured Corps
The Indian Army Armoured Corps is one of the combat arms of the Indian Army. Tracing its origins from the first regiment formed in 1776, the present corps was formed in 1947 from two-thirds of the personnel and assets of the British Indian Army's Indian Armoured Corps. It currently consists of 67 armoured regiments, including the President's Bodyguard.
American Concession (Shanghai)
The American Concession or Settlement was a foreign enclave (a "concession") within present-day Shanghai, which existed from around 1848 until its unification with the city's British area to form the Shanghai International Settlement in 1863.

The concession was located north of the Suzhou River and west of the Huangpu River, in what are today parts of Hongkou District and Jing'an District.

International zone
An international zone is any area not fully subject to the border control policies of the state in which it is located. There are several types of international zones ranging from special economic zones and sterile zones at ports of entry exempt from customs rules to concessions over which administration is ceded to one or more foreign states. International zones may also maintain distinct visa policies from the rest of the surrounding state.
Sainte-Colombe, Charente
Sainte-Colombe (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t kɔlɔ̃b] ⓘ; Limousin: Senta Colomba) is a former commune in the Charente department in southwestern France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Val-de-Bonnieure.

Limousin dialect
Limousin (French name, pronounced [limuzɛ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: lemosin, pronounced [lemuˈzi]) is a dialect of the Occitan language, spoken in the three departments of Limousin, parts of Charente and the Dordogne in the southwest of France.

The first Occitan documents are in an early form of this dialect, particularly the Boecis, written around the year 1000.

Limousin is used primarily by people over age 50 in rural communities. All speakers speak French as a first or second language. Due to the French single language policy, it is not recognised by the government and therefore considered endangered by the linguistic community. A revivalist movement around the Félibrige and the Institut d'Estudis Occitans is active in Limousin (as well as in other parts of Occitania).
Michael McCarthy (Irish Republican)
Michael McCarthy (1895 - 28 November 1920) was an Irish revolutionary who fought in the Irish Republican Army during the Irish War of Independence. He is best remembered for his participation as acting as Tom Barry's second in command and death during the Kilmichael ambush.

Castletown-Kinneigh
Castletown-Kinneigh (Irish: Baile Chaisleáin Chinn Eich), also known as Castletownkenneigh or simply as either Castletown or Kinneigh, is a small rural village near Ballineen in County Cork, Ireland. Castletown village has one pub.
Three from the Vault
Three from the Vault is a live album by the Grateful Dead.  It contains the complete show recorded on February 19, 1971 at the Capitol Theatre in Port Chester, New York.  It was released on June 26, 2007.

The album was mastered from the 16-track concert soundboard tapes. Although the album was released in 2007, longtime Grateful Dead engineer Dan Healy actually mixed the album in 1993, and its release was delayed 14 years for unknown reasons.

Capitol Theatre (Port Chester, New York)
The Capitol Theatre is a historic theater located in the village of Port Chester, Westchester County, New York. It was designed by noted theater architect Thomas W. Lamb (1871–1942) and built in 1926. The 1,800-seat facility operates as a concert venue, hosting musicians and occasionally comedians, and is owned and operated by New York City-based concert promoter Peter Shapiro. The Capitol Theatre has a long history, with tenures as a movie theater and catering hall, in addition to hosting concerts.
Central Philippine University – College of Agriculture, Resources and Environmental Sciences
The Central Philippine University College of Agriculture, Resources and Environmental Sciences, also referred to as CPU CARES or CPU Agriculture, is one of the academic units of Central Philippine University, a private university in Iloilo City, Philippines.

Commission on Higher Education
The Commission on Higher Education (CHED; Filipino: Komisyon sa Mas Mataas na Edukasyon or Komisyon sa Lalong Mataas na Edukasyon) is a government agency under the Office of the President of the Philippines. It is responsible for regulating and governing all higher education institutions and post-secondary educational programs in the country.
Bordlands
Bordlands is a village in the Parish of Newlands in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland. In is recorded on Pont's maps as Boirland.

Bordlands Hill, to the south of the village, is the site of a prehistoric hillfort which is designated as a scheduled monument.

Timothy Pont
Reverend Timothy Pont (c. 1565 – c. 1615) was a Scottish minister, cartographer and topographer. He was the first to produce a detailed map of Scotland. Pont's maps are among the earliest surviving to show a European country in minute detail, from an actual survey.
2013 League of Ireland Cup
The 2013 League of Ireland Cup, also known as the 2013 EA Sports Cup, is the 40th season of the Irish football knockout competition.

A total of 22 teams have entered the 2013 competition. The 12 League of Ireland Premier Division and 8 League of Ireland First Division clubs were joined by Ulster Senior League runners up Cockhill Celtic and the Mayo League representative side. For the First and Second rounds of the competition, all participating clubs will be split into 4 regional pools while the further rounds of the competitions will have an open draw. The 2013 competition will commence with the first round on 2 March 2013.

Mayo Association Football League
Mayo Association Football League is an association football league that features amateur and junior clubs from County Mayo. Its top division, the Super League, is a seventh level division in the Republic of Ireland football league system. The two top divisions – the Super League and the Premier Division – are sponsored by Elverys Sports and Welcome Inn Hotel respectively.
Clubs from the league also compete in the FAI Junior Cup and the Connacht Junior Cup. A Mayo League representative team also competes in the League of Ireland Cup.

The league season operates on a calendar schedule, usually running from March to September. The headquarters of the league are located at Milebush Park in Castlebar, known as Umbro Park for sponsorship reasons.
Valeria La Saponara
Valeria La Saponara (born 1970) is an Italian-American mechanical and aerospace engineer whose research studies mycelium-based materials and the durability of biodegradable fiber-reinforced composite materials, particularly for applications in aerospace and in wind energy. She is a professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of California, Davis.

Aerospace
Aerospace refers to the technology and industry involved with the atmosphere and outer space collectively. Aerospace activity is very diverse, with a multitude of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Aerospace engineering consists of aeronautics and astronautics. Aerospace organizations research, design, manufacture, operate, maintain, and repair both aircraft and spacecraft.

The border between space and the atmosphere has been proposed as 100 kilometres (62.1 mi) above the ground according to the physical explanation that the air density is too low for a lifting body to generate meaningful lift force without exceeding orbital velocity. This border has been called the Kármán line.
The Bang Years 1966–1968
The Bang Years 1966–1968 is a compilation album by Neil Diamond of Diamond's 23 songs he recorded for Bang Records in mono.  Originally issued in 2011 by Columbia Records, it was reissued in 2014 by Capitol Records after Diamond signed with Capitol taking his Bang catalog with him.

Bang Records
Bang Records was created by Bert Berns in 1965 together with his partners from Atlantic Records: Ahmet Ertegun, Nesuhi Ertegun and Jerry Wexler. The first letters of their names (Bert, Ahmet, Nesuhi, Gerald) formed the label's name.
Neopluramycin
Neopluramycin is an antibiotic that inhibits nucleic acid synthesis. It has been isolated from the cultured broth of a strain of Streptomyces pluricolorescens as orange crystals, and analytical data and molecular weight determination are consistent with the empirical formula C41H50N2O10.

Neopluramycin resembles pluramycin A, but is differentiated by its antibacterial spectrum, toxicity, thin-layer chromatography, and infrared absorption spectrum.

Neopluramycin inhibits growth of Gram-positive bacteria, leukemia L-1210 in mice and Yoshida rat sarcoma cells in tissue culture.

House mouse
The house mouse (Mus musculus) is a small mammal of the rodent family Muridae, characteristically having a pointed snout, large rounded ears, and a long and almost hairless tail. It is one of the most abundant species of the genus Mus. Although a wild animal, the house mouse has benefited significantly from associating with human habitation to the point that truly wild populations are significantly less common than the synanthropic populations near human activity.

The house mouse has been domesticated as the pet or fancy mouse, and as the laboratory mouse, which is one of the most important model organisms in biology and medicine. The complete mouse reference genome was sequenced in 2002.
Early social changes under Islam
Many social changes took place under Islam between 610 and 661, including the period of Muhammad's mission and the rule of his immediate successor(s) who established the Rashidun Caliphate. A number of historians stated that changes in areas such as social security, family structure, slavery and the rights of women improved on what was present in existing Arab society.

Bernard Lewis believes that the advent of Islam was a revolution which only partially succeeded due to tensions between the new religion and very old societies that the Muslims conquered. He thinks that one such area of tension was a consequence of what he sees as the egalitarian nature of Islamic doctrine. Islam denounced aristocratic privilege, rejected hierarchy, and adopted a formula of the career open to the talents.

Social change
Social change is the alteration of the social order of a society which may include changes in social institutions, social behaviours or social relations. Sustained at a larger scale, it may lead to social transformation or societal transformation.
Junga Thapachaur
Junga Thapachaur is a former village development committee in Jajarkot District in the Karnali Province of Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,510 living in 608 individual households.

Jajarkot District
Jajarkot District (Nepali: जाजरकोट जिल्लाListenⓘ) a part of Karnali Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Khalanga as its district headquarters, covers an area of 2,230 km2 (860 sq mi) and has a population of 171,304 in 2011 Nepal census.
K-mer
In bioinformatics, k-mers are substrings of length  contained within a biological sequence. Primarily used within the context of computational genomics and sequence analysis, in which k-mers are composed of nucleotides (i.e. A, T, G, and C), k-mers are capitalized upon to assemble DNA sequences, improve heterologous gene expression, identify species in metagenomic samples, and create attenuated vaccines. Usually, the term k-mer refers to all of a sequence's subsequences of length , such that the sequence AGAT would have four monomers (A, G, A, and T), three 2-mers (AG, GA, AT), two 3-mers (AGA and GAT) and one 4-mer (AGAT). More generally, a sequence of length  will have  k-mers and there exist  total possible k-mers, where  is number of possible monomers (e.g. four in the case of DNA).

Substring
In formal language theory and computer science, a substring is a contiguous sequence of characters within a string. For instance, "the best of" is a substring of "It was the best of times". In contrast, "Itwastimes" is a subsequence of "It was the best of times", but not a substring.

Prefixes and suffixes are special cases of substrings. A prefix of a string  is a substring of  that occurs at the beginning of ; likewise, a suffix of a string  is a substring that occurs at the end of .

The substrings of the string "apple" would be:
"a", "ap", "app", "appl", "apple",
"p", "pp", "ppl", "pple",
"pl", "ple",
"l", "le"
"e", "" 
(note the empty string at the end).