hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
American Guncraft Diablo
The American Guncraft Diablo is a 12-gauge double-barrelled blunderbuss manufactured by American Guncraft since at least 2019, and sold primarily through mail order. Designed to serve as a handheld short-barreled shotgun that can be easily acquired without registration under the National Firearms Act, the Diablo is exempt from the otherwise onerous regulations due to its use of a muzzle-loading design with a mostly closed breech. The two side-by-side smoothbore barrels, designed for black powder and capable of firing birdshot, buckshot or slugs, are ignited by an inline primer inserted using a break-action mechanism. The gun is available in various barrel lengths between 15.25 and 28cm, and with a choice of a nickel-plated or blued finish and plastic or wooden grip; a "tactical-style" version with a foregrip is also available. All variants can be mounted to an AR-15 shoulder stock with an available adapter.

National Firearms Act
The National Firearms Act (NFA), 73rd Congress, Sess. 2, ch. 757, 48 Stat. 1236 was enacted on June 26, 1934, and currently codified and amended as I.R.C. ch. 53. The law is an Act of Congress in the United States that, in general, imposes an excise tax on the manufacture and transfer of certain firearms and mandates the registration of those firearms. The NFA is also referred to as Title II of the federal firearms laws, with the Gun Control Act of 1968 ("GCA") as Title I.

All transfers of ownership of registered NFA firearms must be done through the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record (the "NFA registry"). The NFA also requires that the permanent transport of NFA firearms across state lines by the owner must be reported to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF). Temporary transports of some items, most notably suppressors (also referred to as silencers), do not need to be reported.
Cuniculitremaceae
The Cuniculitremaceae are a family of fungi in the order Tremellales. There are three genera in the family. Sterigmatosporidium polymorphum parasitizes other fungi growing in insect galleries in wood. It does not produce basidiocarps (fruit bodies), but has septate basidia similar to those found in the genus Tremella. Most species are known only from their yeast states.

Basidium
A basidium (pl.: basidia) is a microscopic spore-producing structure found on the hymenophore of reproductive bodies of basidiomycete fungi. The presence of basidia is one of the main characteristic features of the group. These bodies are also called tertiary mycelia, which are highly coiled versions of secondary mycelia. A basidium usually bears four sexual spores called basidiospores. Occasionally the number may be two or even eight. Each reproductive spore is produced at the tip of a narrow prong or horn called a sterigma (pl. sterigmata), and is forcefully expelled at full growth.

The word basidium literally means "little pedestal". This is the way the basidium supports the spores. However, some biologists suggest that the structure looks more like a club. A partially grown basidium is known as a basidiole.
Touched (Nadja album)
Touched is the debut full-length album by drone doom band Nadja, it was first released in May 2003 by Deserted Factory Records. This album was made when Nadja was still a solo effort of Aidan Baker, prior to when Leah Buckareff joined Nadja in 2005.

The album was re-issued by Alien8 recordings on March 13, 2007, with extended songs (except in the case of 'Stays Demons'), and remastered with an untitled bonus track at the end of "Flowers of Flesh". The digital edition released via Bandcamp, however, considers the untitled track as part of 'Flowers of Flesh'.

In 2025, Graham Hartmann of Metal Injection included the album Judas Goats and Dieseleaters in his list of "10 Extremely Underrated Metal Albums From The 2000s".

Alien8 Recordings
Alien8 Recordings is an independent record label founded in 1996 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The label was founded by Sean O'Hara and Gary Worsley.

The label released material from prominent noise artists such as Merzbow, Think About Life, Aube, Keiji Haino, Masonna, MSBR, Francisco López, Bastard Noise, and Daniel Menche, as well as electronic artists such as Tim Hecker, Lesbians on Ecstasy, Les Georges Leningrad, and Books on Tape. Alien8 also is known for releasing the 2003 debut of indie-pop band The Unicorns. It also had two sub-labels, Fancy Recordings and Substractif, which released music from 2001 to 2004.

In 2018, Worsley bought Montreal's famed record store Cheap Thrills, where he had been working since 1998.

Alien8 has not released any music since 2011. The last post on its website is dated December 2012. The website went offline in 2022.
Colomychus talis
Colomychus talis, the distinguished colymychus moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1878. It is found in Mexico and the south-eastern United States, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina and Virginia.

Adults are on wing from May to August.

Augustus Radcliffe Grote
Augustus Radcliffe Grote (February 7, 1841 – September 12, 1903) was a British entomologist who described over 1,000 species of butterflies and moths. He is best known for his work on North American Noctuidae. A number of species were named after him, including the moth Horama grotei.
Victor Wesley
Victor Wesley (born 1948 in Glasgow) is a Scottish-born American dancer.  He is a three-time Highland Dance World Champion, winning at the Cowal Highland Gathering in Dunoon, Scotland, in 1968, 1969, and 1972.

He studied under James Jamieson at the Academy of the Dance on 14th Street in Wilmington, Delaware, which was co-founded in 1956 by Helene Antonova & James Jamieson.  He eventually became Director of the Academy.  For many years he produced and directed the Academy's celebrated annual productions of Tschaikovsky’s "The Nutcracker Ballet" at Wilmington's Dupont Theater (formerly the Playhouse). Audiences especially enjoyed Wesley's comedic talent showcased in his portrayal of Grandmother in these performances.

In February 2008, due to illness, Wesley retired from teaching, closed the Academy's original location, and returned to Scotland.

Highland dance
Highland dance or Highland dancing (Scottish Gaelic: dannsa Gàidhealach) is a style of competitive dancing developed in the Scottish Highlands in the 19th and 20th centuries, in the context of competitions at public events such as the Highland games. It was created from the Gaelic folk dance repertoire, but formalised with the conventions of ballet, and has been subject to influences from outside the Highlands. Highland dancing is often performed with the accompaniment of Highland bagpipe music, and dancers wear specialised shoes called ghillies or pumps. It is now seen at nearly every modern-day Highland games event.

Highland dance should not be confused with Scottish country dance, cèilidh dancing, or clog dancing, although they too may be performed at Highland games and like competitions.
Bateman, Western Australia
Bateman is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located within the City of Melville.

It is a mostly residential suburb with convenient road access to the Perth central business district, Fremantle, the main industrial sites, and airports.  Bull Creek railway station is located at its north-eastern corner.  In the 2016 census, it was recorded as having a population of 3,717 persons.

Murdoch railway station
Murdoch railway station is a railway and bus station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Mandurah line, 13.8 kilometres (8.6 mi) from Perth station inside the median strip of the Kwinana Freeway serving the suburb of Murdoch.
Tobias Hug
Tobias Hug (1 January 1976 – 9 January 2020) was a German a cappella singer, beatboxer, coach and judge. He was the first German member of a cappella group, The Swingle Singers (now called 'The Swingles') and one of its longest serving members, performing with them for 11 years. Hug founded the a cappella festival Black Forest Voices in 2019.

Together with the Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups (HKFYG), Hug entered the Guinness World Records in 2017 for arranging the world's largest beatbox choir. Hug's arrangement of Walter Murphy's A Fifth of Beethoven, recorded by The Swingles featured in the pilot episode of Glee.

The Swingles
The Swingles are a UK-based a cappella vocal group, originally founded by Ward Swingle in 1962 in France as Les Swingle Singers. In 1973, Swingle disbanded the French ensemble and established a new UK-based iteration, initially known as Swingle II. The group later became known as The New Swingle Singers, and subsequently The Swingle Singers. Since 2014, the group has performed under the name The Swingles.
Confession and avoidance
Confession and avoidance, in pleading, relates to a plea which admits that the facts alleged in a declaration are true, but which shows new facts by which it is hoped to destroy the effect of the allegations admitted.

A plea in confession and avoidance neither simply admits nor denies; it admits that the facts alleged by the opposite party make out a good prima facie case or defense, and it proceeds to destroy the effect of these allegations either by showing some justification or excuse of the matter charged, or some discharge or release from it. All matters in confession and avoidance must be stated clearly and specifically. If intended to apply only to a part of a statement of claim, it must be so stated.

Cause of action
A cause of action or right of action, in law, is a set of facts sufficient to justify suing to obtain money or property, or to justify the enforcement of a legal right against another party. The term also refers to the legal theory upon which a plaintiff brings suit (such as breach of contract, battery, or false imprisonment). The legal document which carries a claim is often called 'claim form' or 'particulars of claim' in English law (formerly known as a 'statement of claim'), or a 'complaint' in U.S. federal practice and in many U.S. states. In Ireland, this document can be called a 'claim notice.' It can be any communication notifying the party to whom it is addressed of an alleged fault which resulted in damages, often expressed in the amount of money the receiving party should pay/reimburse.
Orilka
Orilka (Ukrainian: Орілька, Russian: Орелька) is a rural settlement in Lozova Raion of Kharkiv Oblast in Ukraine. It is located at the border with Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, on the left bank of the Orilka, a tributary of the Oril in the drainage basin of the Dnieper. The river is dammed nearby forming Orilka Reservoir. Orilka belongs to Lozova urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,828 (2022 estimate).

Until 26 January 2024, Orilka was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Orilka became a rural settlement.

Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, romanized: Kharkivska oblast, Russian: Харьковская область, romanized: Kharkovskaya oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Ukrainian: Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center.
Candi sugar
Candi sugar is a Belgian sugar product commonly used in brewing beer. It is particularly associated with stronger Belgian style ales such as dubbel and tripel. Chemically, it is an unrefined sugar beet derived sugar which has been subjected to Maillard reaction and caramelization. A common misconception is to consider this is the same as invert sugar, while actual candi sugar is subjected to multiple complex chemical reactions during the Maillard process.

Candi sugar is also used as a priming sugar, to aid in bottle-conditioning, and carbonation, with the same benefits as listed above.

Caramelization
Caramelization (or caramelisation) is a process of browning of sugar used extensively in cooking for the resulting butter-like flavor and brown color. The brown colors are produced by three groups of polymers: caramelans (C24H36O18), caramelens (C36H50O25), and caramelins (C125H188O80). As the process occurs, volatile chemicals such as diacetyl (known for its intense butter-like taste) are released, producing the characteristic caramel flavor.

Like the Maillard reaction, caramelization is a type of non-enzymatic browning. Unlike the Maillard reaction, caramelization is  pyrolytic, as opposed to being a reaction with amino acids.

When caramelization involves the disaccharide sucrose, it is broken down into the monosaccharides fructose and glucose.
Simon Howard
Simon John Howard is a public health physician working in the North East of England. He has authored or co-authored a number of articles on public health in medical journals, and served as Public Health Registrar to Chief Medical Officer Sally Davies from 2013–2014, acting as Editor-in-Chief of the 2012 Annual Report of the Chief Medical Officer.

Sally Davies (doctor)
Dame Sally Claire Davies GCB DBE FRS FMedSci (born 24 November 1949) is a British physician. She was the Chief Medical Officer from 2010 to 2019 and Chief Scientific Adviser at the Department of Health from 2004 to 2016. She worked as a clinician specialising in the treatment of diseases of the blood and bone marrow. She is now Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, appointed on 8 February 2019, with effect from 8 October 2019. She is one of the founders of the National Institute for Health and Care Research.
Boyd A. Clark
Boyd A. Clark (January 20, 1918 – March 6, 1978) was an American jurist and politician.

Born in Wild Rose, Wisconsin, Clark graduated from Sparta High School. He served in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II and was a cryptographer and an educational and vocational counselor.

Clark received his bachelor's degree from University of Wisconsin–Madison and his law degree from University of Wisconsin Law School. He then practiced law in Wild Rose and Wautoma, Wisconsin. In 1947, Clark served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. From 1949 to 1956, he served as district attorney of Waushara County, Wisconsin. Then, from 1956 to his death, in 1978, Clark served as county judge of Waushara County, Wisconsin.

In 1977, Clark was accused of drunken driving, but he died of a stroke in Wild Rose, Wisconsin in 1978 before he could go to court.

Waushara County, Wisconsin
Waushara County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,520. Its county seat is Wautoma.

Waushara County is located in central Wisconsin, about 80 miles (130 km) north of Madison.
Skeagh Cairn
The Skeagh Cairn is a cairn and ring barrow and National Monument located in County Cork, Ireland. It is located 5.8 km (3.6 mi) northwest of Skibbereen. A ring barrow is located 20 m (70 ft) to the north. It is a large flat-topped cairn 19 m (62 ft) across and 2 m (6 ft 7 in) high.

The cairn is believed to date to the Neolithic period. Festivals formerly took place here at midwinter.

Midwinter
Midwinter is the middle of the winter. The term is attested in the early Germanic calendars where it was a period or a day which may have been determined by a lunisolar calendar before it was adapted into the Gregorian calendar. It appears with several meanings in later sources. In Old English, midwinter could mean Christmas Day (25 December) or sometimes the Christmas season; indirectly it could also mean the winter solstice, which was regarded as 25 December. In Old Norse, miðvetr (midwinter) meant either the first day or entire period of the Scandinavian month Þorri (mid-January to mid-February). Since the 18th century, it has sometimes been misunderstood as synonymous with the astronomical winter solstice (21/22 December), which the word also can refer to in contemporary English.
Y. Erin Chen
(Yiyin) Erin Chen is an American immunologist,  microbiologist,  and dermatologist. She is currently an Assistant Professor of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a Core Institute Member at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, and an attending dermatologist at Massachusetts General Hospital. She is recognized for her work on developing topical microbial vaccines to treat internal tumors.

Massachusetts General Hospital
Massachusetts General Hospital (Mass General or MGH) is a teaching hospital located in the West End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. It is the original and largest clinical education and research facility of Harvard Medical School/Harvard University, and houses the world's largest hospital-based research program with an annual research budget of more than $1.2 billion in 2021. It is the third-oldest general hospital in the United States with a patient capacity of 999 beds. Along with Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General is a founding member of Mass General Brigham, formerly known as Partners HealthCare, the largest healthcare provider in Massachusetts.
Alberto Hemsi
Alberto Hemsi (27 June 1898 – 8 October 1975) was a composer of the 20th century classical era.  His work in the field of ethnomusicology and integration of Sephardic melodies has been noted as parallel to Béla Bartók's collection of traditional Hungarian music and consequent integration to his music.

Ethnomusicology
Ethnomusicology is the multidisciplinary study of music in its cultural context. The discipline investigates social, cognitive, biological, comparative, and other dimensions. Ethnomusicologists study music as a reflection of culture and investigate the act of music-making through various immersive, observational, and analytical approaches. This discipline emerged from comparative musicology, initially focusing on non-Western music, but later expanded to embrace the study of all different music.

The practice of ethnomusicology relies on direct engagement and performance, as well as academic work. Fieldwork takes place among those who make the music, engaging local languages and culture as well as music. Ethnomusicologists can become participant observers, learning to perform the music they are studying. Fieldworkers also collect recordings and contextual data.
Oui Entertainment
Oui Entertainment (Korean: 위 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean entertainment agency founded in 2017 by Wee Myung-hee. The label is home to artists such as its artists include WEi, Kim Dong-han, Jang Dae-hyeon and Kim Yo-han, Kim Jun-seo and also manages the actress Kim I-on.

Kim Dong-han
Kim Dong-han (Korean: 김동한; born July 3, 1998), also known mononymously as Donghan, is a South Korean singer, songwriter and actor. He first became known for competing in the reality survival show Produce 101 Season 2, and later debuted in the boy band JBJ. Kim made his solo debut with the release of his EP D-Day in June 2018. He is currently a member of South Korean boy band WEi.
Nick Stavrou
Nicholas Stavrou (born 26 August 1969) is an English football midfielder and coach, who played thirteen years of professional indoor soccer with the Dallas Sidekicks. He currently serves as head coach of Fort Worth Vaqueros FC in the National Premier Soccer League and as the assistant coach for the Mesquite Outlaws of the Major Arena Soccer League.

National Premier Soccer League
The National Premier Soccer League (NPSL) is an American men's soccer league. The league is officially affiliated to the United States Adult Soccer Association (USASA) and has automatic qualification for the U.S. Open Cup. It is the successor of the Men's Premier Soccer League, a regional league originally based in the Western United States, which has now expanded nationwide to encompass teams from 29 states. The league's motto is "A National League with a Regional Focus".
Miss Universe Myanmar 2025
Miss Universe Myanmar 2025 was the twelfth Miss Universe Myanmar pageant. It was held at the Myanmar Expo Hall in Yangon, Myanmar, on 27 June 2025.

Thet San Andersen of North Yangon crowned her successor Myat Yadanar Soe of Pyin Oo Lwin at the end of the event. Myat Yadanar Soe represented Myanmar at Miss Universe 2025 in Thailand.

Pyin Oo Lwin
Pyin Oo Lwin or Pyin U Lwin (Burmese: ပြင်ဦးလွင်မြို့, MLCTS: prang u: lwang mrui., pronounced [pjɪ̀ɰ̃ ʔú lwɪ̀ɰ̃]; Shan: ဝဵင်းပၢင်ႇဢူႈ, Weng Pang U), formerly and colloquially referred to as Maymyo (Burmese: မေမြို့, MLCTS: me mrui.), is a scenic hill town in the Mandalay Region, Myanmar, approximately 67 kilometers (42 mi) east of Mandalay, at an elevation of 1,070 metres (3,510 ft). The town had an estimated population of around 255,000 in 2014.
Strength-based practice
Strength-based practice is a social work practice theory that emphasizes people's self-determination and strengths. It is a philosophy and a way of viewing clients (originally psychological patients, but in an extended sense also employees, colleagues or other persons) as resourceful and resilient in the face of adversity. It is client-led, with a focus on future outcomes and strengths that people bring to a problem or crisis. When applied beyond the field of social work, strength-based practice is also referred to as the "strength-based approach", 
including strength-based leadership and strength-based learning communities. This approach can focus on individuals’ strengths as well as wider social and community networks.

Client (business)
In business, commerce, and economics, a client is a person who receives advice or services from a professional, such as a lawyer or a health care provider. Clients differ from customers in that customers are thought of as "one-time buyers" while clients can be seen as "long-term recipients", and customers buy goods as well as services.
Wilson shadow ministry
The shadow ministry of Jess Wilson is the shadow cabinet of Victoria since November 2025, serving in opposition to the Allan government. The shadow ministry is the Opposition's alternative to the Allan ministry. It was formed following the 2025 Victorian Liberal Party leadership spill where Jess Wilson was elected leader of the Victorian Liberal Party and Leader of the Opposition. Sam Groth, who was elected as deputy leader at the 2024 Victorian Liberal Party leadership spill, successfully recontested the position.

The full arrangement of the shadow cabinet was announced on 30 November 2025, replacing Battin's shadow ministry.

The ministry was notable for including former Liberal leaders Brad Battin, who led the party before Wilson, and Matthew Guy, while excluding John Pesutto, despite prior speculation. Furthermore, Wilson retained her shadow treasurer role, breaking with Liberal Party precedent of the deputy having the treasury portfolio.

John Pesutto
John Pesutto (Italian: [pezˈutːo]; born 5 September 1970) is an Australian politician and lawyer who has served as the member for Hawthorn in the Victorian Legislative Assembly since 2022, having previously served from 2014 to 2018. He was the Leader of the Opposition in Victoria, while holding office as the leader of the Victorian Liberal Party, from 8 December 2022 until a leadership spill on 27 December 2024.