hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maaqwi
Maaqwi is an extinct genus of large marine diving bird from the Late Cretaceous (Northumberland Formation, latest Campanian) of Hornby Island, British Columbia, Canada. The genus name Maaqwi comes from the Coast Salish "ma'aqwi" meaning "water bird," and the specific epithet cascadensis reflects the fossil's origin from the Cascadia region of Western North America. The genus is known from a single specimen, RBCM.EH2008.011.01120. It consists of a coracoid, humerus, ulna, and radius in a nodule of mudstone. The specimen is housed in the Royal British Columbia Museum. Maaqwi had an estimated body mass of 1.5 kg (3.3 lb). It was described as a vegaviid, although the German paleontologist Gerald Mayr suggested that the coracoid more closely resembles that of the Procellariiformes. While some studies continue to treat it as a vegaviid, others note that the phylogenetic analyses by McLachlan, Kaiser and Longrich (2017) are more appropriate to analyze stem birds than neornithines.

Humerus
The humerus (/ˈhjuːmərəs/; pl.: humeri) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. The humeral upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes (tubercles, sometimes called tuberosities). The shaft is cylindrical in its upper portion, and more prismatic below. The lower extremity consists of 2 epicondyles, 2 processes (trochlea and capitulum), and 3 fossae (radial fossa, coronoid fossa, and olecranon fossa). As well as its true anatomical neck, the constriction below the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus is referred to as its surgical neck due to its tendency to fracture, thus often becoming the focus of surgeons.
Studley Green
Studley Green is a hamlet located on the A40 between Piddington and Stokenchurch in Buckinghamshire, England. The term 'Studley Green' is also used to collectively refer to the four adjacent hamlets of Studley Green, Horsleys Green, Beacon's Bottom and Waterend.

A40 road
The A40 is a road which runs between London and Goodwick (Fishguard), in Wales. It is approximately 260 miles (420 km) long. The eastern section from Denham, Buckinghamshire to Wheatley, Oxfordshire is better served by the M40 and its former function of linking London with Cheltenham and Gloucester has been taken by the M4, A419 and A417 via Swindon.

In 1937, together with the A48 road, it formed parts of the London–Fishguard trunk road, as well as a part of the Newport–Shrewsbury trunk road. Much of the A40's length within England has been superseded by motorways, such as the M40, and has lost its trunk road status, though it retains the status west of Gloucester and its entirety within Wales.
Tornado outbreak sequence of April 23–30, 1961
Between April 23–30, 1961, a tornado outbreak sequence struck the Midwest, Ohio, and Mississippi Valleys, and the Eastern United States. Large hailstorms accompanied the tornadoes as well and numerous other weather events also occurred. Three people were killed, 38 others were injured and losses totaled $26.810 million (1961 USD). Two additional fatalities also occurred due to flooding and lightning.

Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It variably includes between 17 and 26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital.

As of 2011, the Eastern United States had an estimated population exceeding 179 million, representing the majority (over 58 percent) of the total U.S. population.

The three most populous cities in the Eastern United States are New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
Electrofuge
In chemistry, an electrofuge is a leaving group that does not retain the lone pair of electrons from its previous bond with another species (in contrast to a nucleofuge, which does). It can result from the heterolytic breaking of covalent bonds. After this reaction an electrofuge may possess either a positive or a neutral charge; this is governed by the nature of the specific reaction.

An example would be the loss of H+ from a molecule of benzene during nitration.

The word 'electrofuge' is frequently found in older literature, but its use in contemporary organic chemistry is now uncommon.

Hydron
In chemistry, the hydron, informally called proton, is the cationic form of atomic hydrogen, represented with the symbol H+. The general term "hydron", endorsed by IUPAC, encompasses cations of hydrogen regardless of isotope: thus it refers collectively to protons (1H+) for the protium isotope, deuterons (2H+ or D+) for the deuterium isotope, and tritons (3H+ or T+) for the tritium isotope.

Unlike most other ions, the hydron consists only of a bare atomic nucleus.  The negatively charged counterpart of the hydron is the hydride anion, H−.
Kristine Pedersen
Kristine Pedersen is a Danish football midfielder currently playing in the Elitedivisionen for Fortuna Hjørring, with whom she has also played the Champions League. She is a member of the Danish national team since 2008.

Fortuna Hjørring
Fortuna Hjørring is a Danish women's football team based in Hjørring, Denmark. The club was formed in 1966 and play in green and white. It is one of the most prolific clubs in the Danish A-Liga, having won the league 12 times, tied for most wins alongside rivals Brøndby. Their most recent season in the top flight saw Fortuna Hjørring win "The Double", taking home both the league trophy and the Danish Women's Cup.

Fortuna are fixtures of the UEFA Women's Champions League, having competed 16 times. In the 2009–10 season, they defeated Italian side Bardolino in the round of 32, but lost the round of 16 to eventual finalists Lyon. In the 2016–17 season they reached their best result in recent club history, when they made it to the quarter-finals which they lost 0–2 on aggregate to Manchester City. Fortuna's biggest European result to date is the 2002–03 UEFA Women's Cup final, where they ultimately lost 1–7 on aggregate to Umeå IK.
2011 Dakar Rally
The 2011 Dakar Rally was the 33rd running of the event. It was held in Argentina and Chile for the third successive time, and ran from 1 to 16 January. The Amaury Sport Organisation and the governments of Argentina and Chile agreed to a return to South America for the event on 23 March 2010.

The rally concluded in Buenos Aires, with Vladimir Chagin of Russia achieving a record seventh victory in the truck division, at the wheel of his Kamaz, thus becoming the most successful driver in a single category in the history of the event. Nasser Al-Attiyah of Qatar and Timo Gottschalk of Germany won in the car division, giving Volkswagen their fourth successive victory in the car class. Marc Coma from Spain won his third Dakar in the motorcycle category, and Alejandro Patronelli of Argentina repeated the feat of his brother—Marcos Patronelli in 2010—to win the class for quad-bikes.

Kamaz
KAMAZ (Russian: Камский Автомобильный Завод – КАМАЗ, romanized: Kamskiy Avtomobilnyy Zavod, lit. 'Kama Automobile Plant') is a Russian manufacturer of trucks, buses, and engines headquartered in Naberezhnye Chelny. Founded in 1969, the company is known for its cab over trucks. As of 2014, KAMAZ is the largest truck producer in Russia and the CIS, producing 43,000 trucks a year. Its trucks have won the Dakar Rally a record eighteen times, the most in the truck category by any manufacturer.
Jean-Philippe Tremblay
Jean-Philippe Tremblay (born 1978) is a Canadian orchestra conductor. In addition to an international career as guest conductor, he is the founding Artistic Director and chief conductor of the Montreal based Orchestre de la Francophonie.

Tremblay was born in Chicoutimi and initially trained in viola, composition and conducting at the Conservatoire de musique du Québec there. He went on to further study at the faculty of music of the University of Montreal, the Pierre Monteux School, the Tanglewood Music Center and the Royal Academy of Music in London.

Chicoutimi
Chicoutimi (/ʃɪˈkuːtɪmi/ shih-KOO-tim-ee, French: [ʃikutimi]) is the most populous borough (arrondissement) of the city of Saguenay in Quebec, Canada.

It is situated at the confluence of the Saguenay and Chicoutimi rivers. During the 20th century, it became the main administrative and commercial centre of the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region. In 2002 it merged into the new city of Saguenay and forms the heart of the 5th-largest urban area of the province of Quebec. At the 2021 census, its population was 69,004.
Battle of Lade
The Battle of Lade (Ancient Greek: Ναυμαχία τῆς Λάδης, romanized: Naumachia tēs Ladēs) was a naval battle which occurred during the Ionian Revolt, in 494 BC. It was fought between an alliance of the Ionian cities (joined by the Lesbians) and the Persian Empire of Darius the Great, and resulted in a decisive victory for the Persians which all but ended the revolt.

Naxos
Naxos (/ˈnæksɒs, -soʊs/; Greek: Νάξος, pronounced [ˈnaksos]) is a Greek island belonging to the Cyclades island group. It is the largest island in the group. The largest town and capital of the island is Chora or Naxos City, with 8,897 inhabitants out of the total 20,578 in the island (2021 census). The main villages are Filoti, Apiranthos, Vivlos, Agios Arsenios, Koronos and Glynado. It was an important centre during the Bronze Age Cycladic Culture and in the Ancient Greek Archaic Period. The island is famous as a source of emery, a rock rich in corundum, which until modern times was one of the best abrasives available.
Hyphessobrycon clavatus
Hyphessobrycon clavatus is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acestrorhamphidae, the American characins. This fish is a pale golden green colour, with its belly being even paler. It has an orange midlateral line. Below the midlateral line is a thick black stripe that fades around the gills. Their fins have white tips. They are known to reach about 3 centimeters (1.2 inches) in length. Its species name, clavatus, is derived from the Latin term clava lat, meaning club-shaped. Hyphessobrycon clavatus is known to inhabit the waters of Peru. As a pelagic fish, they swim near the surface of the water. They have seen limited use in the fish trade.

Acestrorhamphidae
Acestrorhamphidae, the American tetras, are a diverse family of freshwater fish in the order Characiformes. They are native to North and South America, from the southwestern United States south to temperate Argentina, with a few species introduced to other parts of the world. It includes many genera previously placed in the family Characidae, which was split into multiple families in 2024. It contains many of the most famous ornamental aquarium fish that are popularly known as tetras.
Kerry–Limerick West
Kerry–Limerick West was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas from 1921 to 1923. The constituency elected 8 deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) to the Dáil, on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Oireachtas
The Oireachtas (/ˈɛrəktəs/ EH-rək-təs; Irish: [ˈɛɾʲaxt̪ˠəsˠ]), sometimes referred to as Oireachtas Éireann, is the bicameral parliament of Ireland. The Oireachtas consists of the president of Ireland and the two houses of the Oireachtas (Irish: Tithe an Oireachtais): a lower house called Dáil Éireann and an upper house called Seanad Éireann.

The houses of the Oireachtas sit in Leinster House in Dublin, an eighteenth-century ducal palace. The directly elected Dáil is the more powerful of the houses of the Oireachtas.
San Diego State University Press
San Diego State University Press (or SDSU Press) is a university press that is part of San Diego State University (SDSU), with noted specializations in border studies, critical theory, Latin American studies, cultural studies, and comics. It is the oldest university press in the California State University system.

It presently publishes books under two rubrics: CODEX, focused on critical theory, and surTEXT, focused on Latin American/Transamerican Cultural Studies. In 2006, the press also inaugurated "Hyperbole Books", specializing in "publishing cutting-edge, over-the-top experiments in critical theory, literary criticism and graphic narrative."

SDSU Press is currently directed by William Nericcio, and guided by an internal editorial board.

University press
A  university press is an academic publishing house specializing in monographs and scholarly journals. They are often an integral component of a large research university. They publish work that has been reviewed by scholars in the field. They produce mainly academic works but also often have trade books for a lay audience. These trade books also get peer reviewed. Many but not all university presses are nonprofit organizations, including the 160 members of the Association of University Presses.

Because scholarly books are mostly unprofitable, university presses may also publish textbooks and reference works, which tend to have larger audiences and sell more copies. Most university presses operate at a loss and are subsidized by their owners; others are required to break even. Demand has fallen as library budgets are cut and the online sales of used books undercut the new book market. Many presses are experimenting with electronic publishing.
Red Dirt Rising
Red Dirt Rising is a 2011 film starring Brad Yoder, Burgess Jenkins and Brett Rice based on the book Red Dirt Tracks: The Forgotten Heroes of Early Stockcar Racing by Gail Cauble Gurley telling the true story of race car driver Jimmie Lewallen. The film dramatizes the birth of NASCAR in the 1930s and 1940s.

Fred Harb
Fareed "Fred" Joseph Harb Jr. (June 14, 1930 – December 18, 2016) was an American stock car racing driver. The High Point, North Carolina resident made 144 NASCAR Grand National Series starts from 1955 to 1965, earning 13 top fives and 42 top tens. He raced in the NASCAR Convertible Division, making 24 starts.
Khazov
Khazov (Russian: Хазов) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Khazova. Notable people with the surname include:

Anton Khazov (born 1979), Russian football player

Irina Khazova (born 1984), Russian cross-country skier

Irina Khazova
Irina Viktorovna Khazova, born Irina Artemova (Russian: Ирина Викторовна Хазова; born March 20, 1984, in Sarov) is a Russian cross-country skier who competed from 2003 to 2007. She was then suspended for two years for the use of illegal drugs (doping). She then resumed her career for the 2009–10 Olympic season in very good shape. Khazova won a bronze in the women's team sprint event at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.

Her best World Cup finish so far is a second place, which she earned in a 10 km classic competition at Ruka, Kuusamo, Finland on November 29, 2009.

Khazova competed for Russia at the 2007 World Championships in Sapporo, finishing 24th in the 7.5 km + 7.5 km double pursuit.
Yegor Petukhov
Yegor Sergeyevich Petukhov (Russian: Егор Сергеевич Петухов; born 28 February 1994) is a Russian-born Kazakhstani ice hockey player for Admiral Vladivostok in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) and the Kazakhstani national team.

He represented Kazakhstan at the 2021 IIHF World Championship.

Admiral Vladivostok
Hockey Club Admiral, also known as Admiral Vladivostok, (Russian: Хоккейный клуб Адмирал) is a professional ice hockey club based in Vladivostok, Russia. It is a member of the Chernyshev Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Admiral play its home games at the Fetisov Arena.

Admiral joined the league in 2013 as an expansion team, which made them one of only two teams in the Russian Far East, along with Amur Khabarovsk. They played seven seasons in the KHL before going dormant for the 2020–21 season for financial considerations due to the COVID-19 pandemic.  It was announced that the team will return to the KHL for the 2021–22 season, after a one season hiatus.
Gorkamorka
Gorkamorka is a tabletop skirmish wargame produced by Games Workshop. It is set on the desert world of Angelis in the Warhammer 40,000 setting, and prominently features Orks.

The player takes control of a group of warriors with the objective to gain wealth and experience. The rules are derived from the second edition of Warhammer 40,000, with extra vehicle rules and an extensive campaign system added. In 1998 it received an expansion set, Digganob, which introduced additional playable factions, special characters, and scenarios.

In 2008 the rule book and source book for Gorkamorka were released on the Games Workshop website under the "Out of Print Games" section. The expansion set was not released in the same way.

A video game based on Gorkamorka was also being developed for Windows and the Dreamcast, but was scrapped shortly before the latter system was discontinued.

Tabletop game
Tabletop games or tabletops are games that are normally played on a table or other flat surface, such as board games, card games, dice games, miniature wargames, tabletop role-playing games, or tile-based games.
Cello Concerto (Thomson)
The Concerto for Violoncello and Orchestra is a composition for cello and orchestra by the American composer Virgil Thomson.  The piece was given its world premiere by the cellist Paul Olefsky and the Philadelphia Orchestra under the direction of Eugene Ormandy at the Academy of Music, Philadelphia, on March 24, 1950.

Eugene Ormandy
Eugene Ormandy (born Jenő Blau; November 18, 1899 – March 12, 1985) was a Hungarian-born American conductor and violinist, best known for his association with the Philadelphia Orchestra, as its music director. His 44-year association with the orchestra is one of the longest enjoyed by any conductor with any American orchestra. Ormandy made numerous recordings with the orchestra, and as guest conductor with European orchestras, and achieved three gold records and two Grammy Awards. His reputation was as a skilled technician and expert orchestral builder.
1972 NCAA University Division baseball tournament
The 1972 NCAA University Division baseball tournament was played at the end of the 1972 NCAA University Division baseball season to determine the national champion of college baseball.  The tournament concluded with eight teams competing in the College World Series, a double-elimination tournament in its twenty-sixth year.  Eight regional districts sent representatives to the College World Series with preliminary rounds within each district serving to determine each representative.  These events would later become known as regionals.  Each district had its own format for selecting teams, resulting in 28 teams participating in the tournament at the conclusion of their regular season, and in some cases, after a conference tournament.  The twenty-sixth tournament's champion was Southern California, coached by Rod Dedeaux.  The Most Outstanding Player was Russ McQueen of the University of Southern California.

Rod Dedeaux
Raoul Martial "Rod" Dedeaux (February 17, 1914 – January 5, 2006) was an American college baseball coach who compiled what is widely recognized as among the greatest records of any coach in the sport's amateur history.

Dedeaux was the head baseball coach at the University of Southern California (USC) in Los Angeles for 45 seasons, and retired at age 72 in 1986. His teams won 11 national titles (College World Series), including a record five straight (1970–1974), and 28 conference championships. Dedeaux was named Coach of the Year six times by the Collegiate Baseball Coaches Association and was inducted into its Hall of Fame in 1970. He was named "Coach of the Century" by Collegiate Baseball magazine  and was one of ten initial inductees to the College Baseball Hall of Fame.

Dedeaux also coached the United States national team at two different editions of the Summer Olympic Games: Tokyo 1964 and Los Angeles 1984.
Ibercivis
Ibercivis was a volunteer computing platform which allows internet users to participate in scientific research by donating unused computer cycles to run scientific simulations and other tasks. The original project, which became operational in 2008, was a scientific collaboration between the Portuguese and Spanish governments, but it is open to the general public and scientific community, both within and beyond the Iberian Peninsula. The project's name is a portmanteau of Iberia and the Latin word civis, meaning 'citizen'.

In April 2020, the volunteer computing platform was restarted by the Ibercivis Foundation and the Spanish National Research Council in order to screen existing drugs for antiviral activity against Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Instruction cycle
The instruction cycle (also known as the fetch–decode–execute cycle, or simply the fetch–execute cycle) is the cycle that the central processing unit (CPU) follows from boot-up until the computer has shut down in order to process instructions. It is composed of three main stages: the fetch stage, the decode stage, and the execute stage.

PC – Program counter

MAR – Memory address register

MDR – Memory data register

CIR – Current instruction register

CU – Control unit

ALU – Arithmetic logic unit

In simpler CPUs, the instruction cycle is executed sequentially, each instruction being processed before the next one is started. In most modern CPUs, the instruction cycles are instead executed concurrently, and often in parallel, through an instruction pipeline: the next instruction starts being processed before the previous instruction has finished, which is possible because the cycle is broken up into separate steps.
William Hatcher Davis
William Hatcher Davis (5 January 1939 – 13 May 2017)  was Professor of Philosophy at Auburn University, where he taught for 47 years and served as Chair of the Department of Philosophy. He was interested in the philosophy of religion, ethics, epistemology, and pragmatism. Among his publications are The Freewill Question (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1971), Peirce's Epistemology (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1972), and "Why be Moral?" (Philosophical Inquiry 13(3–4): 1–21, 1991).

Davis had a B.A. and M.A. from Abilene Christian University and a Ph.D. from Rice University.

Pragmatism
Pragmatism is a philosophical tradition that views language and thought as tools for prediction, problem solving, and action, rather than describing, representing, or mirroring reality. Pragmatists contend that most philosophical topics—such as the nature of knowledge, language, concepts, meaning, belief, and science—are best viewed in terms of their practical uses and successes.

Pragmatism began in the United States in the 1870s. Its origins are often attributed to philosophers Charles Sanders Peirce, William James and John Dewey. In 1878, Peirce described it in his pragmatic maxim: "Consider the practical effects of the objects of your conception. Then, your conception of those effects is the whole of your conception of the object."
Alta California Telegraph Company
The Alta California Telegraph Company (also referred to simply as the Alta Telegraph Company) was a telegraph company which operated in the mid-19th century within the state of California prior to the construction of the Transcontinental Telegraph.  It was organized in July 1852, and incorporated in January 1854  and began constructing its first line that same year, stretching from Sacramento to Marysville and extending up into the foothills of the adjacent Sierra Nevada mountains.  In subsequent years, a line was constructed between Sacramento and Benicia.  From Benicia, a branch line was extended to Vallejo and the US Navy yard at Mare Island.

The principal offices of the company were located in San Francisco (153 Montgomery Street at Merchant St.), and Sacramento in the historic Hastings Building on Second Street.

Marysville, California
Marysville is a city in and the county seat of Yuba County, California, located in the Gold Country region of Northern California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 12,844, up from 12,072 in the 2010 census. It is part of the Yuba-Sutter area of Greater Sacramento.