hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Koffman
Koffman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elliot Koffman (born 1942), computer scientist and educationist

Laura Koffman (born Laura Bonarrigo), American actress

Moe Koffman (1928–2001), Canadian jazz saxophonist and flautist

Moe Koffman
Morris "Moe" Koffman, OC (28 December 1928 – 28 March 2001) was a Canadian jazz saxophonist and flautist, as well as composer and arranger. During a career spanning from the 1950s into the 2000s, Koffman was one of Canada's most prolific musicians, working variously in clubs and sessions and releasing 30 albums. With his 1957 record Cool and Hot Sax on the New York-based Jubilee label, Koffman became one of the first Canadian jazz musicians to record a full-length album. Koffman was also a long-time member of Rob McConnell's Boss Brass.

His most famous pieces, "Curried Soul" and "Koff Drops", have been the theme music for the CBC Radio One show, As It Happens, since 1972.
Desulfotomaculum geothermicum
Desulfotomaculum geothermicum is a thermophilic, fatty acid-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium. It is capable of growing at temperatures of up to 80 °C (176 °F) and is commonly found in geothermal environments, such as hot springs and deep-sea hydrothermal vents. The species was first isolated from a hot spring in Beppu, Japan, in 1992 and was later characterized in detail.

Desulfotomaculum geothermicum is of interest to scientists because of its ability to degrade organic matter and produce methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The bacteria play an important role in the global carbon cycle and are thought to contribute to the carbon balance in hot springs and other geothermal environments. Additionally, the enzymes produced by Desulfotomaculum geothermicum are of interest for biotechnological applications, such as the production of biofuels and the removal of sulfates from industrial wastewater.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
Greenbelt Knoll
Greenbelt Knoll is a residential development in the Northeast section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Planned and built from 1952 to 1957, it is notable as the first planned racially integrated development in Philadelphia and among the first in the United States.

The developer, Morris Milgram, a leader of the open housing movement, required that 55 percent of the homes be sold to whites, and 45 percent to non-whites. The first house sold in 1956 for $20,000. The isolated little neighborhood included its own swimming pool,  which was filled in circa 1985, leaving no trace above ground.

Racial integration
Racial integration, or simply integration, includes desegregation (the process of ending systematic racial segregation), leveling barriers to association, creating equal opportunity regardless of race, and the development of a culture that draws on diverse traditions, rather than merely bringing a racial minority into the majority culture. Desegregation is largely a legal matter, integration largely a social one.
Crystallographic defect
A crystallographic defect is an interruption of the regular patterns of arrangement of atoms or molecules in crystalline solids. The positions and orientations of particles, which are repeating at fixed distances determined by the unit cell parameters in crystals, exhibit a periodic crystal structure, but this is usually imperfect. Several types of defects are often characterized: point defects, line defects, planar defects, bulk defects. Topological homotopy establishes a mathematical method of characterization.

Homotopy
In topology, two continuous functions from one topological space to another are called homotopic (from Ancient Greek: ὁμός homós 'same, similar' and τόπος tópos 'place') if one can be "continuously deformed" into the other, such a deformation being called a homotopy (/həˈmɒtəpiː/ hə-MOT-ə-pee; /ˈhoʊmoʊˌtoʊpiː/ HOH-moh-toh-pee) between the two functions. A notable use of homotopy is the definition of homotopy groups and cohomotopy groups, important invariants in algebraic topology.

In practice, there are technical difficulties in using homotopies with certain spaces. Algebraic topologists work with compactly generated spaces, CW complexes, or spectra.
Gastrotheca antoniiochoai
Gastrotheca antoniiochoai is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Peru and only known from near its type locality near the Wayqecha Biological Station (Cusco Region). It has been collected from cloud forest at elevations of about 2,817–2,845 m (9,242–9,334 ft) above sea level. It appears to be an arboreal species living in bromeliads. The species occurs in the Manú National Park and does not face significant threats.

Manu National Park
Manu National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional del Manu) is a national park and biosphere reserve located in the regions of Madre de Dios and Cusco in Peru. It protects a diverse number of ecosystems including lowland rainforests, cloud forests and Andean grasslands.
Rent (soundtrack)
Rent (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the 2005 musical drama film Rent, based on Jonathan Larson's 1996 Broadway musical of the same name, in turn based on Giacomo Puccini's 1896 opera La bohème. The musical numbers performed by the cast including Anthony Rapp, Adam Pascal, Jesse L. Martin, Wilson Jermaine Heredia, Idina Menzel, Taye Diggs, Tracie Thoms and Rosario Dawson. The soundtrack to the film was released by Warner Bros. Records on September 23, 2005.

Taye Diggs
Scott Leo "Taye" Diggs (né Berry; born January 2, 1971) is an American actor and singer. He is known for his roles in the Broadway musicals Rent and Hedwig and the Angry Inch, the TV series Private Practice (2007–2013), Murder in the First (2014–2016), and All American (2018–2023), and the films How Stella Got Her Groove Back (1998), Brown Sugar, Chicago (both 2002), Malibu's Most Wanted (2003), Dylan Dog: Dead of Night (2011), and The Best Man (1999) and its sequel, The Best Man Holiday (2013).
L'amore medico
L'amore medico (Doctor Cupid, also known as The Love Doctor) is an opera in two acts by composer Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari. Based on Molière's comedy L'Amour médecin, the work uses an Italian language libretto by Enrico Golisciani. It premiered in a German version by Richard Batka on 4 December 1913 at the Hoftheater in Dresden under the title Der Liebhaber als Arzt.

The opera's United States premiere took place on 25 March 1914 at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, conducted by Arturo Toscanini. It was first performed in Italy on 6 March 1929 at the Teatro Regio (Turin), conducted by Franco Capuana.

Arturo Toscanini
Arturo Toscanini (/ɑːrˈtʊəroʊ ˌtɒskəˈniːni/; Italian: [arˈtuːro toskaˈniːni]; March 25, 1867 – January 16, 1957) was an Italian conductor. He was one of the most acclaimed and influential musicians of the late 19th and early 20th century, renowned for his intensity, his perfectionism, his ear for orchestral detail and sonority, and his eidetic memory. He was at various times the music director of La Scala in Milan and the New York Philharmonic. Later in his career, he was appointed the first music director of the NBC Symphony Orchestra (1937–1954), and this led to his becoming a household name, especially in the United States, through his radio and television broadcasts and many recordings of the operatic and symphonic repertoire.
Trucheosaurus
Trucheosaurus is an extinct genus of rhytidosteid temnospondyl from the Late Permian Glen Davis Formation of the Sydney Basin, New South Wales, Australia. It is known from the holotype materials MMF 12697a, a partially complete skull, AMF 50977, an articulated postcranial skeleton and BMNHR 3728, the counterpart of both skull and postcranial skeleton, recovered from the Glen Davis Formation. This genus was named by Watson in 1956, and the type species is Trucheosaurus major.

Skeleton
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals. There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is a rigid outer shell that holds up an organism's shape; the endoskeleton, a rigid internal frame to which the organs and soft tissues attach; and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal structure supported by the hydrostatic pressure of body fluids.

Vertebrates are animals with an endoskeleton centered around an axial vertebral column, and their skeletons are typically composed of bones and cartilages. Invertebrates are other animals that lack a vertebral column, and their skeletons vary, including hard-shelled exoskeleton (arthropods and most molluscs), plated internal shells (e.g. cuttlebones in some cephalopods) or rods (e.g. ossicles in echinoderms), hydrostatically supported body cavities (most), and spicules (sponges). Cartilage is a rigid connective tissue that is found in the skeletal systems of vertebrates and invertebrates.
Abington Meadows
Abington Meadows is a 9.6-hectare (24-acre) nature reserve in Northampton. It is owned by Northamptonshire County Council and managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.

This is marshy grassland with diverse wildlife. 421 species of invertebrates have been recorded, and flora include great burnet, purple loosestrife and the nationally rare pennyroyal. There are birds such as snipe.

There is access from Weston Mill Lane and the Nene Way footpath.

Lythrum salicaria
Lythrum salicaria or purple-loosestrife is a flowering plant belonging to the family Lythraceae. It should not be confused with other plants sharing the name loosestrife that are members of the genus Lysimachia in the family Primulaceae. This herbaceous perennial plant is native to temperate regions of Europe, Asia, northern Africa, and eastern Australia.
Nabil Dafi
Nabil Dafi (born 26 January 1982) is a French footballer who last played for Borussia Neunkirchen. Dafi, who plays as a defensive midfielder, has spent much of career in Germany. After spells with FSV Oggersheim and Borussia Neunkirchen, he joined 1. FC Saarbrücken in 2008, and helped the club achieve consecutive promotions, from the Oberliga Südwest to the Regionalliga West and onward to the 3. Liga. He made his first appearance at this level in the penultimate game of the 2010–11 season, replacing Nico Zimmermann in a win against SV Babelsberg 03. He was released at the end of the season and returned to Borussia Neunkirchen.

3. Liga
The 3. Liga is a professional association football league and the third division in Germany. In the German football league system, it is positioned between the 2. Bundesliga and the fourth-tier Regionalliga.

The modern 3. Liga was formed for the 2008–09 season, replacing the Regionalliga, which had previously served as the third-tier in the country. In Germany, the 3. Liga is also the highest division that a club's reserve team can play in.
Sione Timani
Sione Timani (born 3 September 1984) is a Tongan rugby union football player at Lock for Tarbes, before joining Colomiers at the start of the 2016/17 season. He is 6 feet 6 inches (1.98 m) and 18 stone 13 pounds (120 kg).

Timani played for Carmarthen Quins between 2009 and 2011, before signing for the Scarlets. After 3 seasons there, he moved to play for Tarbes in the Pro D2. On 23 February 2016, it was confirmed that Timani would join Colomiers.
He has 7 caps for Tonga.
Sione has two brothers playing professional rugby in Australia, Sitaleki and Lopeti.

Carmarthen Quins RFC
Carmarthen Quins Rugby Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Cwins Caerfyrddin) are one of two Welsh rugby union clubs based in Carmarthen in West Wales, the other being Carmarthen Athletic.

They currently play in the Super Rygbi Cymru and are a feeder club for the Scarlets regional team.
Saaj
Saaj or Saj is a village located in the Thanamandi tehsil in Rajouri district of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Saaj lies off NH 144A approximately equidistant from both Rajouri and Thanamandi.

National Highway 144A (India)
National Highway 144A is a national highway in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir in India. NH-144A is a spur road of National Highway 44 that runs between Jammu and Poonch and is only source of transport for towns including Akhnoor, Sunderbani, Kalakote, Naushera and Rajouri. Many more towns of Rajouri and Poonch district are connected with NH-144A via single or double lane roads.
James K. Gray
James Kenneth Gray OC AOE CBHF is a Canadian businessman and philanthropist. He was born in Kirkland Lake, Ontario in 1933. He was educated at Ridley College in St. Catharines, Canada.  He came to Calgary in 1956 to pursue a career in Alberta's energy sector. In 1973, he co-founded Canadian Hunter Exploration, an organization that became one of Canada's largest and most successful natural gas companies."

Gray has served as an independent director of Brookfield Asset Management (an NYSE listed company) since April 1997. He is also a director emeritus of Canadian National Railway, director of Phoenix Technology Services, and Honorary Chair of the Canada West Foundation.

Gray has led the Ad Hoc Citizens Committee to Rethink the Green Line, which has lobbied for significant changes to Calgary's Green Line CTrain project.

Gray was recognized in 2002 with the Alberta Order of Excellence.

Canadian Business Hall of Fame
The Canadian Business Hall of Fame celebrates the outstanding achievements of Canada's most distinguished business leaders, past and present. Over 170 Order of the Business Hall of Fame Companions serve as inspiring examples for all young Canadians and are featured in a display in the Allen Lambert Galleria located at Brookfield Place in Toronto, Ontario.  Companions are selected by an independent panel representing Canadian business, academic and media institutions.

The Canadian Business Hall of Fame was established by Junior Achievement of Canada in 1979.
Effie with Foxgloves in Her Hair
Effie with Foxgloves in her Hair or Euphemia 'Effie' Chalmers Gray, Mrs John Ruskin (1828–1898), later Lady Millais, with Foxgloves in her Hair  or The Foxglove is an 1853 painting by the English artist John Everett Millais. It shows a seated woman sewing. She wears a black dress with green ribbons at the neck decorated with a dog rose and harebells, and her black lace cap bears a stem of foxglove flowers.

Campanula rotundifolia
Campanula rotundifolia, the harebell or common harebell, Scottish bluebell, or bluebell in Scotland, is a species of flowering plant in the bellflower family Campanulaceae. This herbaceous perennial is found throughout the north temperate regions of the Old World according to the Plants of the World Online database, or throughout the northern hemisphere in other interpretations (see Taxonomy, below). In Scotland, it is often known simply as bluebell. It is the floral emblem of Sweden where it is known as small bluebell. It produces its violet-blue, bell-shaped flowers in late summer and autumn.

The Latin specific epithet rotundifolia means "round leaved". This refers to the basal leaves; not all leaves are round in shape, with middle and upper stem leaves being linear.: 707
Ceabhaigh
Ceabhaigh is a small island in an arm of Loch Ròg on the west coast of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. It is about 25 hectares (62 acres) in extent. It is not known if the island was ever permanently inhabited.

It lies in Loch Ròg nan Ear (West Loch Roag) between the mainland village of Breasclete and the larger island of Great Bernera and just north of Eilean Chearstaidh. The little skerry of Sgeir nan Cleibh lies just to the north.

Loch Ròg
Loch Ròg or Loch Roag is a large sea loch on the west coast of Lewis, Outer Hebrides.  It is broadly divided into East Loch Roag and West Loch Roag with other branches which include Little Loch Roag. The loch is dominated by the only inhabited island Great Bernera and East Loch Roag is actually referred to as Loch Bernera on early maps, most notably Murdoch MacKenzie's original Admiralty Chart from 1776. The use of west and east to differentiate the sections of the loch appear from the original Ordnance Survey in the 19th century.
Madkyu Khola Hydropower Station
Madkyu Khola Hydropower Station (Nepali:मड्क्यु खोला जलविद्युत आयोजना) is a run-of-river hydro-electric plant located in   Kaski District of Nepal. The flow from Madkyu River is used to generate 13 MW electricity.

The plant is owned and developed by Silkes Hydropower Pvt.Ltd, an IPP of Nepal. The plant started generating electricity from 2074-12-19BS. The generation licence will expire in 2105-11-20 BS, after which the plant will be handed over to the government.  The power station was connected to the national grid in 2018  and the electricity is sold to Nepal Electricity Authority.

Independent Power Producers Association
The Independent Power Producers Association, Nepal (IPPAN; स्वतन्त्र उर्जा उत्पादकहरुको संस्था, नेपाल) is an association of private developers and owners of power production companies in Nepal. It is a non-profit, non-government, autonomous organization and was established in 2001. Its main objective is to link the private sector and government organizations involved in hydropower generation. IPPAN is primarily a membership organization. The General Assembly comprises both institutional and individual members. The General Assembly elects the Board of Directors, which then formulates the plans and policies of the organization. As of 2020, there are 580 private hydropower projects that are in operation or under construction with a total capacity to generate 21,000 MW. The private sector has invested about NPR 600 billion in these projects.
Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race waterspout
The south coast tornado was a tornadic waterspout spawned by a supercell thunderstorm off the south coast of New South Wales on 26 December 2001, during the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race. The tornado passed very close to the yacht Nicorette II, which was severely damaged but able to complete the race with a spare mainsail.  Nicorette recorded wind speeds of close to 100 knots (120 mph; 190 km/h; 51 m/s) (making the tornado at least F2 on the Fujita scale) and was struck by hail the size of golf balls. According to the boat's meteorologist, the tornado began with a diameter of around 50 meters (160 feet), but grew in size until it was 500 meters (1,600 feet) across. The waterspout proceeded to strike several other boats with weaker winds. The tornado should not be confused with the severe storm that wrought havoc on the race in 1998.

Golf ball
A golf ball is a ball designed to be used in golf. Under the rules of golf, a golf ball has a mass no more than 1.620 oz (45.93 g), has a diameter not less than 1.680 inches (42.67 mm), and performs within specified velocity, distance, and symmetry limits. Like golf clubs, golf balls are subject to testing and approval by The R&A (formerly part of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews) and the United States Golf Association, and those that do not conform with regulations may not be used in competitions (Rule 5–1).
Dutch Senior Civil Service
The Dutch Senior Civil Service (Dutch: Algemene Bestuursdienst, ABD; lit. 'General Administrative Service') comprises the top civil servants of the government of the Netherlands. The managers at director level and above from all ministries are part of the ABD. These include, for example, the secretaries-general (SG), the directors-general (DG), the inspectors-general (IG), and all directors with "integral final responsibility" for people and resources.

The ABD Office (Dutch: Bureau ABD) is responsible for the recruitment and selection for managerial positions and for the development of managers and their mutual cooperation. The ABD Office offers development programs to talent within the government and is the point of contact for managers from outside the government who are considering a career within the government service.

Ministries of the Netherlands
The most influential part of the executive of the Government of the Netherlands are the ministries. There are fifteen ministries of the Netherlands, all with their own minister. There are also several ministers without portfolio and State Secretaries.
Necropolis of Soderstorf
The Necropolis of Soderstorf is a prehistoric cemetery in the valley of the Luhe river valley near Soderstorf in the Lüneburg district of Lower Saxony, Germany. The site was used for more than 2,000 years. It includes a megalithic tomb, a tumulus tomb, a stone circle, paving stones, funerary urns and a flat grave.

Urn
An urn is a vase, often with a cover, with a typically narrowed neck above a rounded body and a footed pedestal. Describing a vessel as an "urn", as opposed to a vase or other terms, generally reflects its use rather than any particular shape or origin. The term is especially often used for funerary urns, vessels used in burials, either to hold the cremated ashes or as grave goods, but is used in many other contexts.

Large sculpted vases are often called urns, whether placed outdoors, in gardens or as architectural ornaments on buildings, or kept inside. In catering, large vessels for serving tea or coffee are often called "tea-urns", even when they are metal cylinders of purely functional design.

Urns are also a common reference in thought experiments in probability wherein marbles or balls of different colors are used to represent different results and the urn represents the "container" of the whole set of possible states.
CAS (album)
CAS is an album by Lúnasa. It was released in 2018, and is the band's eighth studio album. The album's name means "turn" in Irish.

In a departure from previous albums, CAS includes five guest vocalists: Natalie Merchant, Daoirí Farrell, Tim O'Brien, Eric Bibb, and Mary Chapin Carpenter.

Natalie Merchant
Natalie Anne Merchant (born October 26, 1963) is an American singer-songwriter. She joined the band 10,000 Maniacs in 1981 and was lead vocalist and primary lyricist for the group. She remained with the group for their first seven albums before leaving to begin her solo career in 1993. She has since released nine studio albums as a solo artist.
At the Bay
"At the Bay" is a 1922 short story by Katherine Mansfield. It was first published in the London Mercury in January 1922 in twelve sections, and later reprinted in The Garden Party and Other Stories (1922) with a short descriptive coda which is now the thirteenth section. The story represents Mansfield’s best mature work, a luminous example of her literary impressionism. While writing it at the Chalet des Sapins in Montana (now Crans-Montana), Switzerland, she was coming to terms with her relationship with her husband John Middleton Murry and with her own origins and identity.

Along with Prelude, The Doll's House and The Garden Party she uses her childhood in what are her most famous New Zealand stories, stories which display her talent at its most commanding and indescribable. She saw them as part of a “novel” to be called Karori (after the suburb she grew up in) and having two story cycles about the Burnell family and the Sheridan family.

London Mercury
The London Mercury was the name of several periodicals published in London from the 17th to the 20th centuries. The earliest was a newspaper that appeared during the Exclusion Bill crisis; it lasted only 56 issues (1682). (Earlier periodicals had employed similar names: Mercurius Politicus, 1659; The Impartial Protestant Mercury, 1681.) Successor periodicals published as The London Mercury during the 18th and 19th centuries.