hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Božena Komárková
Božena Komárková (28 January 1903, Tišnov – 27 January 1997, Brno) was a Czech philosopher and theologian.

Most of her work remained unknown both in the Czech Republic and abroad till the Velvet Revolution, since Nazi and communist regimes persecuted her and tried to isolate her from society.

In 2003 a selection of Komárková's essays was published in English under the title Human Rights and the Rise of the Secular Age.

Regime
In politics, a regime (also spelled régime) is a system of government that determines access to public office, and the extent of power held by officials. The two broad categories of regimes are democratic and autocratic. A key similarity across all regimes is the presence of rulers of both formal and informal institutions, which interact dynamically to adapt to changes to their environment.
Warhammer 40,000: Deathwatch
Warhammer 40,000: Deathwatch – Tyranid Invasion is a turn-based tactics video game developed and published by Rodeo Games. Initially released for iOS on July 16, 2015, ports for Windows and PlayStation 4 were released as Warhammer 40,000: Deathwatch – Enhanced Edition. It is based on Games Workshop's tabletop wargame Warhammer 40,000. The game has been described as a spiritual successor to Hunters series.

Porting
In software development, porting is the process of adapting software to run in a different context. Often it involves modifying source code so that a program can run on a different platform (i.e. on a different CPU or operating system) or in a different environment (i.e. with a different library or framework). It also describes adapting a change or feature from one codebase to another – even between different versions of the same software.

Software is classified as portable if it can be hosted in a different context with no change to the source code. It might be considered portable if the cost of adapting it to a context is significantly less than the cost of writing it from scratch. The lower the cost of porting relative to the cost to re-write, the more portable it is said to be. The effort depends on several factors including the extent to which the original context differs from the new context, the skill of the programmers, and the portability of the codebase.
Bible citation
A citation from the Bible is usually referenced with the book name, chapter number and verse number. Sometimes, the name of the Bible translation is also included. There are several formats for doing so.

Bible translations
The Christian Bible has been translated into many languages from the biblical languages of Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek.

According to a major Bible translation organization, as of August 2025 the full Protestant Bible has been translated into 776 languages, the New Testament has been translated into an additional 1,798 languages, and smaller portions have been translated into 1,433 other languages. Thus, at least some portions of the Bible have been translated into 4,007 languages, out of a total of 7,396 known languages (including sign languages).

Textual variants in the New Testament include errors, omissions, additions, changes, and alternate translations. In some cases, different translations have been used as evidence for or have been motivated by doctrinal differences.
Eisenstat
Eisenstat is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Al Eisenstat (born 1930), American lawyer and business executive

Harry Eisenstat (1915–2003), American baseball player

Yael Eisenstat, American national security specialist and strategist

Harry Eisenstat
Harry Eisenstat (October 10, 1915 – March 21, 2003) was an American professional baseball pitcher who played in Major League Baseball for the Brooklyn Dodgers, Detroit Tigers, and Cleveland Indians from 1935 to 1942.
Daniel Cawdery
Daniel Cawdery is a South African chess player who was awarded the International Master title by FIDE in 2014 (Candidate Master title in 2008 and FIDE Master title in 2013).

He won the 2015 and 2022 South African Chess Championship, and has played for the South African Chess Olympiad team in 1998, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2016, 2018 and 2022.

Cawdery qualified for the 2017 Chess World Cup where he was defeated by eventual winner Levon Aronian in the first round. He also played in the Chess World Cup 2023, where he was defeated by Cristobal Henriquez Villagra in the first round.

37th Chess Olympiad
The 37th Chess Olympiad (Italian: Le 37° Olimpiadi degli scacchi), organized by FIDE and comprising an open and a women's tournament, as well as several other events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between May 20 and June 4, 2006, in Turin, Italy. There were 148 teams in the open event and 103 in the women's event. In total, 1307 players were registered.

Both tournament sections were officiated by international arbiter Geurt Gijssen (Netherlands). Teams were paired across the 13 rounds of competition according to the Swiss system. The open division was played over four boards per round, while the women's was played over three. In the event of a draw, the tie-break was decided by 1. The Buchholz system; 2. Match points; 3. The Sonneborn-Berger system; and 4. The Median Buchholz system.

The time control for each game permitted each player 90 minutes for all their moves, with an additional 30 seconds increment for each player after each move, beginning with the first.
Olivia Ward
Olivia Ward (born October 23, 1975) is an American reality television personality and the winner of season 11 of The Biggest Loser, which was the fourth season of couples on the TV reality show. Ward competed on the purple team alongside her sister, Hannah Curlee, in which they became the final two together.

The Biggest Loser (American TV series)
The Biggest Loser is an American competition reality show that initially ran on NBC for 17 seasons from 2004 to 2016, returning in 2020 – for an 18th and final season – on USA Network. The show features obese and overweight contestants competing to win a cash prize by losing the highest percentage of weight relative to their initial weight.
Music by Night
Music by Night (German: Musik bei Nacht) is a 1953 German comedy film directed by Kurt Hoffmann and starring Paul Hubschmid, Gertrud Kückelmann and Curd Jürgens. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich. The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert Herlth.

Kurt Hoffmann
Kurt Hoffmann (12 November 1910 – 25 June 2001) was a German film director, the son of Carl Hoffmann. He directed 48 films between 1938 and 1971. He ran a production company Independent Film along with Heinz Angermeyer.

His 1958 film Wir Wunderkinder was entered into the 1st Moscow International Film Festival and his 1960 film The Haunted Castle was entered into the 2nd Moscow International Film Festival where it won the Silver Prize. His 1961 film The Marriage of Mr. Mississippi was entered into the 11th Berlin International Film Festival.
1991 TranSouth 500
The 1991 TranSouth 500 was the fifth stock car race of the 1991 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 35th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, April 7, 1991, before an audience of 50,000 in Darlington, South Carolina, at Darlington Raceway, a 1.366 miles (2.198 km) permanent egg-shaped oval racetrack. The race took the scheduled 367 laps to complete. At race's end, Hendrick Motorsports driver Ricky Rudd would manage to dominate the late stages of the race to take his 12th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his only victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Robert Yates Racing driver Davey Allison and Bahari Racing driver Michael Waltrip would finish second and third, respectively.

Michael Waltrip
Michael Curtis "Mikey" Waltrip (born April 30, 1963) is an American former professional stock car racing driver, racing commentator, racing team owner, amateur ballroom dancing competitor and published author. He is the younger brother of three-time NASCAR champion and racing commentator Darrell Waltrip. Waltrip is a two-time winner of the Daytona 500, having won the race in 2001 and 2003. He is also a pre-race analyst for the NASCAR Cup Series and color commentator for the Xfinity Series and the Craftsman Truck Series broadcasts for Fox Sports. He last raced in the 2017 Daytona 500, driving the No. 15 Toyota Camry for Premium Motorsports. All four of his NASCAR Cup Series wins came on superspeedways driving for Dale Earnhardt Inc..
1992–93 WHL season
The 1992–93 WHL season was the 27th season of the Western Hockey League (WHL). The season featured sixteen teams and a 72-game regular season. The Swift Current Broncos won both the Scotty Munro Memorial Trophy for best regular season record and the President's Cup as playoff champions, both for the second time after first winning each trophy in the 1988–89 season.

The Red Deer Rebels joined the WHL as its sixteenth franchise.

1988–89 WHL season
The 1988–89 WHL season was the 23rd season of the Western Hockey League (WHL), featuring fourteen teams and a 72-game regular season. Less than three years after the 1986 team bus crash that killed four players, the Swift Current Broncos put together the best season in the club's history. The Broncos won their first Scotty Munro Memorial Trophy for the best regular season record, and in the playoffs defeated the Portland Winter Hawks to win their first President's Cup as league champions—the Broncos went undefeated throughout the playoffs. This earned the Broncos a berth in the 1989 Memorial Cup tournament, which was hosted in Saskatoon. At the tournament, the Broncos defeated the host Saskatoon Blades to win the Memorial Cup title.

This was the first season for the Tri-City Americans after the New Westminster Bruins relocated to Kennewick, Washington prior to the season. The Americans became the fourth WHL club based in the United States.
Sao Khue Award
The Sao Khue Award is a science and technology award that recognizes businesses, organizations, groups, and individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the development of the software industry and information technology in Vietnam.

Software industry
The software industry includes businesses for development, maintenance and publication of software that are using different business models, mainly either "license/maintenance based" (on-premises) or "Cloud based" (such as SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, MBaaS, MSaaS, DCaaS etc.). The industry also includes software services, such as training, documentation, consulting and data recovery. The software and computer services industry spends more than 11% of its net sales for Research & Development which is in comparison with other industries the second highest share after pharmaceuticals & biotechnology.
Fang Zuqi
Fang Zuqi (Chinese: 方祖岐; pinyin: Fāng Zǔqí; born October 1935) is a general in the People's Liberation Army of China who served as political commissar of the Nanjing Military Region from 1993 to 2000.

He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 10th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He was a member of the 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Jiang (rank)
Jiang (formerly romanized chiang and usually translated general or, for navies, admiral) is a general officer (or flag officer for navies) rank used by China and Taiwan. It is also used as jang in North and South Korea, shō in Japan, and tướng in Vietnam.
Xe Bang Fai River
The Xe Bang Fai River (Nam Xebangfai) is a river in Laos. It originates in the Annamite Range on the border between Laos and Vietnam at 17°3′1″N 106°20′54″E﻿ / ﻿17.05028°N 106.34833°E﻿ / 17.05028; 106.34833﻿ (Xe Bang Fai). It flows through Khammouane Province and Savannakhet Province.

Savannakhet province
Savannakhet (Lao: ສະຫວັນນະເຂດ, pronounced [sā.wǎn nā(ʔ).kʰȅːt]) is a province of Laos.  The name of Savannakhet Province derives from old Pali-Sanskrit language, meaning “a field of gold”. The name follows from the province's previous name Savanh Nakhone ('heavenly district' or 'land of fertility suitable for agriculture'). The province is in the southern part of the country and is the largest province in Laos. It borders Khammouane province to the north, Quảng Trị and Thừa Thiên–Huế provinces of Vietnam to the east, Salavan province to the south, and Nakhon Phanom and Mukdahan provinces of Thailand to the west.
Victor Yarros
Victor S. Yarros (1865–1956) was an American anarchist, lawyer and author. He immigrated to the United States with his friend Charles David Spivak in 1882. He was law partner to Clarence Darrow for eleven years in Chicago, husband to the feminist gynecologist Rachelle Yarros (née Slobodinsky) and resident of Hull-House Settlement. He was a prolific contributor to the individualist anarchist periodical in the United States called Liberty.

Yarros' political views evolved significantly over the years, from free-market anarchism to social democracy. He shifted from Spencerian anarchism, to individualist anarchism under Benjamin Tucker and finally to a follower of Lysander Spooner. According to Roderick T. Long, by the 1930s, Yarros came to believe that the democratic state was useful in the struggle against economic privilege.

Clarence Darrow
Clarence Seward Darrow (April 18, 1857 – March 13, 1938) was an American lawyer and politician who became famous in the 19th century for high-profile representations of trade union causes, and in the 20th century for several criminal matters, including the Leopold and Loeb murder trial, the Scopes "monkey" trial, and the Ossian Sweet defense. He was a leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union and a prominent advocate for Georgist economic reform. Darrow was also a well-known public speaker, debater, and writer.

Darrow is considered by some legal analysts and lawyers to be the greatest lawyer of the 20th century. He was posthumously inducted into the Trial Lawyer Hall of Fame. Called a "sophisticated country lawyer", Darrow's wit and eloquence made him one of the most prominent attorneys and civil libertarians in the nation.
KF Gjakova
KF Gjakova (Albanian: Klubi Futbollistik Gjakova) is a professional football club from Kosovo which competes in the Second League. The club is based in Gjakovë. Their home ground is the Gjakova City Stadium which has a seating capacity of 6,000.

Gjakova City Stadium
Gjakova City Stadium, located in Gjakova, Kosovo, is a multipurpose sports venue primarily used for football matches. It serves as the home ground for KF Vëllaznimi, a team in the Kosovar Superliga. The stadium is planned to have a capacity of 13,800 after the renovation is completed.
2012 Challenger Banque Nationale de Granby – Women's doubles
Sharon Fichman and Sun Shengnan were the defending champions, but Sun decided not to participate this year.

Fichman partnered with Marie-Ève Pelletier and successfully defended her title, defeating Shuko Aoyama and Miki Miyamura 4–6, 7–5, [10–4] in the final.

Marie-Ève Pelletier
Marie-Ève Pelletier (French pronunciation: [maʁi ɛv pɛltje]; born May 18, 1982) is a Canadian former professional tennis player. She reached career-high rankings by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) of 106 in singles and 54 in doubles.
Manuel Concha Martínez
Manuel René Concha Martínez (born 1939 in Santiago) is a Chilean military engineer and political figure who held several senior economic positions during the military regime of General Augusto Pinochet.

He served as Undersecretary of Economy, Development and Reconstruction (1983–1984), Undersecretary of Finance (1984–1987), Minister of Economy, Development and Reconstruction (1987–1989), and President of the Central Bank of Chile (April–December 1989). Throughout the regime he maintained a close connection with the civilian economic team that shaped the government’s financial and development policies.

Concha has often been described as aligned with the Independent Democratic Union (UDI)–inspired gremialist economic thought, despite not being formally partisan.

He is the son of Manuel Concha Mora and Claudina Martínez Roy. Since 1962 he has been married to Marta Rojas Alzamora.

Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism (Chile)
The Ministry for the Economy, Development, and Tourism (Spanish: Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo) is a Chilean state ministry in charge of planning and executing the flow of policies and projects of the Chilean government. The ministry aims to generate feasible and sustainable economic development, with stable progressive equality in the allocation of economic interests. The current Minister of Economy, Development, and Tourism is Nicolás Grau.
Han Wan
Han Wan (Chinese: 韓萬), also known by his posthumous name as the Viscount Wu of Han, was the first leader of Han clan in the Jin state. He was the son of Huan Shu of Quwo, half-brother of Count Zhuang of Quwo, and the progenitor of the Han state.

Han Wan was a charioteer for his nephew, Duke Wu of Quwo, and helped to kill Marquess Ai of Jin. Duke Wu of Quwo then took over the throne of Jin, and bestowed Han Wan the land of Han. Han Wan's descendants later adopted "Han" as the clan name based on the name of the fief.

Han Wan's descendants became high-ranking officials in the Jin state. The family became very powerful and eventually partitioned the Jin state.

Hancheng
Hancheng (simplified Chinese: 韩城; traditional Chinese: 韓城; pinyin: Hánchéng) is a city in Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China, about 125 miles northeast of Xi'an, at the point where the south-flowing Yellow River enters the Guanzhong Plain. It is a renowned historic city, containing numerous historic mansions and streets as well as over 140 protected historical sites that range from the Tang to the Qing dynasties. As of 2005, it has a population of around 385,000 people.
Dinger Doane
Erling Eugene "Dinger" Doane (October 14, 1893 – June 5, 1948) was an American football player. He excelled at football at Somerville High School from 1912 to 1914 before being a standout at Tufts University where he scored a touchdown in Tufts first formal win over Harvard in 1916. Following his college career, he played professionally in the National Football League with the  Cleveland Tigers, Milwaukee Badgers, Detroit Panthers, Pottsville Maroons, Providence Steam Roller and the New York Brickley Giants. Brickley's New York Giants are not related to the modern-day New York Giants. He joined the pre-NFL Frankford Yellow Jackets briefly in 1921 for a game against the Union Quakers of Philadelphia.

Union Quakers of Philadelphia
The Union Quakers of Philadelphia were a professional independent football team, based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1921. The team evolved from a number of pro players who played with the Union Club of Phoenixville during their 1920 season. During their only season of operation, the club won the "Philadelphia City Championship". All of the team's home games were played at the Phillies' National League Park on North Broad Street.
Ernst Kühnel
Ernst Kühnel (1882−1964) was a German art historian who specialized in Islamic art. He was notable for his research on the connection between Islamic and Coptic art, particularly in textiles. Kühnel served as director of the Museum of Islamic Art (part of the Berlin State Museums) from 1931 to 1951, and was a professor at the University of Berlin from 1935 to 1954. He was also a consultant for the Textile Museum in Washington, D.C., and president of Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft (German Oriental Society).

In 1960, Ernst Kühnel became the second person to be awarded the Charles Lang Freer Medal by the Smithsonian Institution.

Kühnel died on 12 August 1964, at the age of 81.

Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
The Staatliche Museen zu Berlin (Berlin State Museums) are a group of institutions in Berlin, Germany, comprising seventeen museums in five clusters; several research institutes; libraries; and supporting facilities. They are overseen by the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation and funded by the German federal government in collaboration with Germany's federal states. The central complex on Museum Island was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in 1999. By 2007, the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin had grown into the largest complex of museums in Europe. The museum was originally founded by King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia in 1823 as the Königliche Museen (Royal Museums).

The director-general of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin is Floretine Dietrich.
The Grey Hounded Hare
The Grey Hounded Hare is a 1949 Looney Tunes short film made by Warner Bros. Pictures and starring the voice talent of Mel Blanc. The film stars Bugs Bunny. It was directed by Robert McKimson, and animated by John Carey, Phil DeLara, Manny Gould and Charles McKimson, with music scored by Carl Stalling. The title refers to the greyhounds of the plot as well as "hounded" meaning pestered or pursued relentlessly.

Manny Gould
Emanuel Gould (May 30, 1904 – July 19, 1975) was an American animated cartoonist from the 1920s to the 1970s, best known for his contributions as a director, writer and animator for Screen Gems, and as an animator for Warner Bros. Cartoons and DePatie–Freleng Enterprises.
Nonlinear mixed-effects model
Nonlinear mixed-effects models constitute a class of statistical models generalizing linear mixed-effects models. Like linear mixed-effects models, they are particularly useful in settings where there are multiple measurements within the same statistical units or when there are dependencies between measurements on related statistical units. Nonlinear mixed-effects models are applied in many fields including medicine, public health, pharmacology, and ecology.

Statistical unit
In statistics, a unit is one member of a set of entities being studied. It is the main source for the mathematical abstraction of a "random variable". Common examples of a unit would be a single person, animal, plant, manufactured item, or country that belongs to a larger collection of such entities being studied.
Hunt–Szymanski algorithm
In computer science, the Hunt–Szymanski algorithm, also known as Hunt–McIlroy algorithm, is a solution to the longest common subsequence problem. It was one of the first non-heuristic algorithms used in diff, which compares a pair of files, each represented as a sequence of lines. To this day, variations of this algorithm are found in incremental version control systems, wiki engines, and molecular phylogenetics research software.

The worst-case complexity for this algorithm is O(n2 log n), but in practice O(n log n) is rather expected.

Worst-case complexity
In computer science (specifically computational complexity theory), the worst-case complexity measures the resources (e.g. running time, memory) that an algorithm requires given an input of arbitrary size (commonly denoted as n in asymptotic notation). It gives an upper bound on the resources required by the algorithm.

In the case of running time, the worst-case time complexity indicates the longest running time performed by an algorithm given any input of size n, and thus guarantees that the algorithm will finish in the indicated period of time. The order of growth (e.g. linear, logarithmic) of the worst-case complexity is commonly used to compare the efficiency of two algorithms.

The worst-case complexity of an algorithm should be contrasted with its average-case complexity, which is an average measure of the amount of resources the algorithm uses on a random input.