hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minister of Science and Technology (Bangladesh)
The minister of science and technology of Bangladesh is the minister in charge of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. He is also the minister of all departments and agencies under the Ministry of Science and Technology.

Cabinet of Bangladesh
The Cabinet of Bangladesh (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের মন্ত্রিসভা, romanized: Baṅladeśer Môntrisôbha) is the chief executive body in the People's Republic of Bangladesh. The cabinet is the collective decision-making body of the entire government normally under the Office of the Prime Minister, composed of the Prime Minister and other cabinet ministers. During a caretaker government or interim government, the cabinet is instead composed of the Chief Adviser and other cabinet advisers. These "advisorial" positions are equivalent to their respective ministerial positions.
1950 All-Pro Team
The 1950 All-Pro Team consisted of American football players chosen by various selectors for the All-Pro team of the National Football League (NFL) for the 1950 NFL season. Teams were selected by, among others, the Associated Press (AP), the United Press (UP), and the New York Daily News.

1950 NFL season
The 1950 NFL season was the 31st regular season of the National Football League. The acquisition of three former All-America Football Conference (AAFC) franchises expanded the league to 13 teams. Meanwhile, television brought a new era to the game. The Los Angeles Rams became the first NFL team to have all of its games – both home and away – televised. The Washington Redskins became the second team to put their games on TV. Other teams arranged to have selected games televised.
Paula Diehr
Paula K. Hagedorn Diehr is an American biostatistician whose research topics generally concern health systems and ageing, and have included work on spatial variability and longitudinal data, health care utilization, mental health, insurance, diagnosis, and prediction of healthy life expectancies. She is a professor emerita of biostatistics, with a joint appointment in health systems and population health, at the University of Washington.

Spatial variability
Spatial variability occurs when a quantity that is measured at different spatial locations exhibits values that differ across the locations.  Spatial variability can be assessed using spatial descriptive statistics such as the range.

Let us suppose that the Rev' z(x) is perfectly known at any point x within the field under study. Then the uncertainty about z(x) is reduced to zero, whereas its spatial variability still exists. Uncertainty is closely related to the amount of spatial variability, but it is also strongly dependent upon sampling.

Geostatistical analyses have been strictly performed to study the spatial variability of pesticide sorption and degradation in the field. Webster and Oliver provided a description of geostatistical techniques. Describing uncertainty using geostatistics is not an activity exempt from uncertainty itself as variogram uncertainty may be large and spatial interpolation may be undertaken using different techniques.
Connor Mosack
Charles Connor Mosack (born January 20, 1999) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 7 Chevrolet Silverado RST for Spire Motorsports and part-time in the ARCA Menards Series, driving the No. 28 Chevrolet SS for Pinnacle Racing Group. He has previously competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, ARCA Menards Series East, and ARCA Menards Series West.

Bret Holmes Racing
Bret Holmes Racing was an American professional stock car racing team that fielded the No. 32 full-time Chevrolet Silverado full-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series for owner Bret Holmes. The team had a technical alliance with Spire Motorsports. The team shut down its operations in 2024; its assets were sold to Late Model team owner Chris Hettinger, who renamed it Hettinger Racing.
21 Persei
21 Persei is a single, variable star in the northern constellation of Perseus, located about 331 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.10 km/s. The object is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +8.5 km/s. It has the variable star designation LT Persei; 21 Persei is the Flamsteed designation.

This is an Ap star with a stellar classification of A2VspSiEu, where the A2V indicates it is an A-type main-sequence star, 's' means narrow "sharp" absorption, and SiEu shows abundance anomalies of the elements silicon and europium. The star is an Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum variable, meaning that the star has a strong magnetic field chromium, silicon, and strontium spectral lines. 21 Persei's period of variability is approximately 2.88 days.

Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
In physics, absorption of electromagnetic radiation is how matter (typically electrons bound in atoms) takes up a photon's energy—and so transforms electromagnetic energy into internal energy of the absorber (for example, thermal energy).

A notable effect of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is attenuation of the radiation; attenuation is the gradual reduction of the intensity of light waves as they propagate through a medium.

Although the absorption of waves does not usually depend on their intensity (linear absorption), in certain conditions (optics) the medium's transparency changes by a factor that varies as a function of wave intensity, and saturable absorption (or nonlinear absorption) occurs.
Cecilia Sánchez García
Cecilia Margarita Sánchez García (born November 23, 1959) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party and previously with the National Regeneration Movement. Since September 1, 2018, she has been a senator of the republic in the LXIV Legislature of the Congress of the Union representing the state of Campeche.

Senate of the Republic (Mexico)
The Senate of the Republic (Spanish: Senado de la República), constitutionally the Chamber of Senators of the Honorable Congress of the Union (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores del H. Congreso de la Unión), is the upper house of Mexico's bicameral Congress. It currently consists of 128 members, who serve six-year terms.
Margaret of Hohenzollern-Nuremberg
Margaret of Hohenzollern-Nuremberg (1367-1406) was a daughter of Burgrave Frederick V of Nuremberg and his wife, Elisabeth of Meissen.

In 1383 in Kulmbach, she married Landgrave Herman II of Hesse, as his second wife.  They had the following children:

Anna (1385–1386)

Henry (1387–1394)

Elisabeth (1388–1394)

Margarete ( 1389–1446), married to Henry I of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Agnes (1391–1471), married to Otto II of Brunswick-Göttingen

Hermann (1396–1406)

Frederick (1398–1402)

Louis (1402–1458), succeeded as Landgrave of Hesse

Kulmbach
Kulmbach (German pronunciation: [ˈkʊlmbax] ⓘ) is the capital of the district of Kulmbach in Bavaria in Germany. The town, once a stronghold of the Principality of Bayreuth, is renowned for its University of Life Sciences, a branch of the University of Bayreuth, the massive Plassenburg Castle, which houses the largest tin soldier museum in the world, for its brewery, its vivid food industry, which hosts some of the world's biggest food businesses, and for its sausages, or Bratwürste.
Sierra de Francia
The Sierra de Francia is a mountain range located in Sierra de Francia Comarca at the southern end of Salamanca Province, Castile and León, Spain. It is located about 70 km from Salamanca city.  The region is sparsely inhabited and its few towns have great cultural value.

Most of the Sierra de Francia's territory, together with the valley of Las Batuecas was declared Las Batuecas-Sierra de Francia Natural Park in 1978.
Together with neighboring Sierra de Béjar it constitutes a Biosphere Reserve. Some of the towns of the comarca have been officially declared Conjunto Histórico-Artístico owing to their cultural and architectural value.

Historic preservation
Historic preservation (US), built heritage preservation or built heritage conservation (UK) is an endeavor that seeks to preserve, conserve and protect buildings, objects, landscapes or other artifacts of historical significance. It is a philosophical concept that became popular in the twentieth century, which maintains that cities as products of centuries' development should be obligated to protect their patrimonial legacy. The term refers specifically to the preservation of the built environment, and not to preservation of, for example, primeval forests or wilderness.
José Rivera (volleyball)
José Rivera (born July 2, 1977) is a volleyball player from Puerto Rico.

He was a member of the Men's National Team that ended up in sixth place at the 2007 FIVB Men's World Cup in Japan. In the same year the wing-spiker won the silver medal at the NORCECA Championship in Anaheim. He won with his team the Bronze medal at the 2010 Pan-American Cup.

2007 Men's NORCECA Volleyball Championship
The 2007 Men's NORCECA Volleyball Championship was the 20th edition of the Men's Continental Volleyball Tournament, played by eight countries from September 16 to September 21, 2007 in the Anaheim Convention Center in Anaheim, United States.
Paula Ungureanu
Paula-Claudia Ungureanu (née Rădulescu; born 30 March 1980) is a Romanian handballer who plays for Rapid București. She retired from the Romania national team in 2016.

Ungureanu successfully replaced Luminița Dinu after her retirement. Shortly after taking these positions she became known for a high percentage of saves in games and for managing difficult saves in key points of games. Paula Ungureanu ranked fourth on the Top Goalkeepers list of the 2009 World Women's Handball Championship with a 41% save rate. In the 2014 European Championship, she ranked second after Silje Solberg on the Top Goalkeepers list with a 40% save rate.

CS Rapid București (handball)
CS Rapid București is a Romanian professional handball club based in Giulești, in the northwestern parts of Bucharest. Founded in 1934, they play their home games at the Sala Rapid. The club competes in the Liga Națională, the top division of Romanian handball. They won their first major honour, the League championship, in 1961. The club won the Romanian Cup for the first time in 2004, and their first European honour, the European Cup, in 1964.

Rapid achieved the EHF treble. Domestically, the club has won six league titles and one Romanian Cup. Internationally, they have won one Champions League, one European League, and one European Cup since their inception.
Sajha Yatayat
Sajha Yatayat (Nepali: साझा यातायात) is a public transportation bus system in Nepal serving the capital city of Kathmandu as well as its surrounding valley. Popularly known as Sajha Bus mainly runs bus routes throughout Kathmandu and Lalitpur city. Since 2016 Sajha Yatayat has expanded its network and provides long haul bus service to Baglung, Gorkha, Birgunj and Lumbini.

Transit bus
A transit bus (also big bus, commuter bus, city bus, town bus, urban bus, stage bus, public bus,  public transit bus, or simply bus) is a type of bus used in public transport bus services.  Several configurations are used, including low-floor buses, high-floor buses, double-decker buses, articulated buses and midibuses.

These are distinct from all-seated coaches used for intercity travel and smaller minibuses, for more flexible services.
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 7
G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 7 (EC 2.7.11.14, GRK7, cone opsin kinase, iodopsin kinase) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase involved in phototransduction. This enzyme catalyses the phosphorylation of cone (color) photopsins in retinal cones during high acuity color vision primarily in the fovea.

Vertebrate visual opsin
Vertebrate visual opsins are a subclass of ciliary opsins and mediate vision in vertebrates. They include the opsins in human rod and cone cells. They are often abbreviated to opsin, as they were the first opsins discovered and are still the most widely studied opsins.
Celtic Animism
According to classical sources, the ancient Celts were animists. They honoured the forces of nature, saw the world as inhabited by many spirits, and saw the Divine manifesting in aspects of the natural world.

Saône
The Saône (/soʊn/ SOHN, French: [son]; Arpitan: Sona; Latin: Arar) is a river in eastern France (modern region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté). It is a right tributary of the Rhône, rising at Vioménil in the Vosges department and joining the Rhône in Lyon, at the southern end of the Presqu'île.
Juanita Bartlett
Juanita Bartlett (February 28, 1927 – February 25, 2014) was an American screenwriter and television producer best known for her work on The Rockford Files and The New Maverick, both starring James Garner. She also worked on Garner's series Nichols, as well as The Greatest American Hero, Scarecrow and Mrs. King, and several others.

Scarecrow and Mrs. King
Scarecrow and Mrs. King is an American television series that aired from October 3, 1983, to May 28, 1987, on CBS. The music underscore was composed by Arthur B. Rubinstein.

The show starred Kate Jackson and Bruce Boxleitner, as divorced housewife Amanda King and top-level "Agency" operative Lee Stetson, respectively, who begin an unusual partnership and eventual romance after encountering one another in a train station.
Montgomery Center, Vermont
Montgomery Center is an unincorporated village in the town of Montgomery, Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The community is located at the intersection of Vermont Routes 58, 118, and 242, 10 miles (16 km) east-southeast of Enosburg Falls. Montgomery Center has a post office with ZIP code 05471.

Montgomery, Vermont
Montgomery is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population as of the 2020 census was 1,184. In 1963, part of Avery's Gore in Franklin County became part of Montgomery, with the other section becoming part of Belvidere in Lamoille County. Montgomery is also known for having the most covered bridges of any town in Vermont, with seven. This amounts to one covered bridge for approximately every 170 residents, and is the most of any single town in the United States.
Kogon (surname)
Kogon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eugen Kogon (1903–1987), German politician, survivor of the Buchenwald concentration camp, and author of The Theory and Practice of Hell

Julie Kogon (1918–1986), American boxer

Maxwell Kogon (1920–1980), Canadian bomber pilot

Eugen Kogon
Eugen Kogon (2 February 1903 – 24 December 1987) was a German historian and Nazi concentration camp survivor. A well-known Christian opponent of the Nazi Party, Kogon was arrested more than once and spent six years at Buchenwald concentration camp. Known in Germany as a journalist, sociologist, political scientist, author, and politician, he went on to be considered one of the "intellectual fathers" of both West Germany and European integration. His 1946 book The Theory and Practice of Hell - The German Concentration Camps and the System Behind Them still stands as a basic reference on Nazi crimes (translated 1950).
Neel Dutt
Neel Dutt (born 7 March 1979) is an Indian composer and singer from Kolkata. He received the National Film Award for Best Music Direction from the Govt. of India in 2012 for the soundtrack of the Bengali film Ranjana Ami Ar Ashbona (Ranjana I ain't coming back no more). Dutt is the third person from West Bengal to win the Best Music Direction award. He is arguably the first music director in India to rearrange a Rabindranath Tagore composition with modern electronic music.

Nirbaak
Nirbaak (transl. Speechless) is an Indian Bengali-language drama film directed by Srijit Mukherji, starring Sushmita Sen, Jisshu Sengupta, Ritwick Chakraborty and Anjan Dutt. This is the first Bengali film for Sushmita Sen. The film was released in Kolkata on 1 May 2015 and 15 May 2015 across rest of India.
Georgiy Evseevich Eristov
Duke Georgiy Evseevich Eristov (Eristavi) (Georgian: გეორგი ევეევიჩი ერისტოვი (ერისთავი) Eristavi Russian: Георгий Евсеевич Эристов; (1769 – 18 November 1863) was a nobleman of the Georgian Eristavi princerely family and general as well as senator of the Russian Empire.

General of the Infantry (Russian Empire)
General of the Infantry (Russian: генера́л от инфанте́рии) was a general of the branch rank in the Imperial Russian Army (today comparable to OF-8 rank level). It served as the rank below General-feldmarshal (Russian: генерал-фельдмаршал), and was the highest rank one could achieve in the infantry from 1796 to 1917.
Superman: New Krypton
"New Krypton" is a 2008–09 comic book story arc featuring character Superman, published by American company DC Comics; it was written by Geoff Johns, James Robinson and Sterling Gates, with art by Gary Frank, Alex Ross, Renato Guedes, Jamal Igle and Pete Woods. The arc is an inter-title crossover, published in Action Comics, Superman and Supergirl.

The story features Superman coming to terms with the death of his adoptive father while also dealing with 100,000 Kryptonians now living on Earth as a result of the Brainiac story arc. This story begins a planned "link" on Action Comics, Superman, and Supergirl as part of their collective plans for Superman and his cast of characters through 2008 and beyond. The events of this story lead directly into the 12-part series Superman: World of New Krypton.

Crossover (fiction)
A crossover is the placement of two or more otherwise discrete fictional characters, settings, or universes into the context of a single story. They can arise from legal agreements between the relevant copyright holders (known as intercompany crossovers), common corporate ownership or unofficial efforts by fans.

This is different from a spoof, where one discrete character, setting, or universe, copies another character, setting, or universe, often in a comedic manner.
David F. Dinges
David F. Dinges is an American sleep researcher and teacher.

He is professor of psychology in psychiatry, chief of the Division of Sleep and Chronobiology in the Department of Psychiatry, and associate director of the Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology in the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Dinges earned his M.S. (1974) and Ph.D. (1976) degrees in experimental physiological psychology from Saint Louis University.

Dinges has served as president of the Sleep Research Society, on the boards of directors of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the National Sleep Foundation, as president of the World Federation of Sleep Research and Sleep Medicine Societies and as editor-in-chief of SLEEP, the leading scientific journal on sleep research and sleep medicine.

National Sleep Foundation
The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) is an American non-profit, charitable organization. Founded in 1990, its stated goal is to provide expert information on health-related issues concerning sleep. It is largely funded by pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
Milk pool
A milk pool is a financial pooling system used by dairy farmers to ensure that all dairy producers receive similar per-gallon payments for their product at or above a legally regulated minimum. Farmers producing milk "of equal quality and composition" will receive the same amount of per-gallon payment regardless of how their product is utilized. Milk pooling allows farmers to reduce the financial risk associated with the milk market. Milk pooling is usually regulated at the state or province level; however in some countries, for example Canada, there exist milk pooling programs that encompass several provinces.

Financial risk
Financial risk is any of various types of risk associated with financing, including financial transactions that include company loans in risk of default. Often it is understood to include only downside risk, meaning the potential for financial loss and uncertainty about its extent.

Modern portfolio theory initiated by Harry Markowitz in 1952 under his thesis titled "Portfolio Selection" is the discipline and study which pertains to managing market and financial risk.  In modern portfolio theory, the variance (or standard deviation) of a portfolio is used as the definition of risk.
Moel y Gaer, Llantysilio
Moel y Gaer (Welsh for "bald hill of the fortress") is an Iron Age hillfort on a  summit of Llantysilio Mountain, northwest of the town of Llangollen, Denbighshire, Wales. The site is a scheduled monument classified as a prehistoric defensive hillfort.

The hillfort is also protected and managed as part of the Heather and Hillforts Project. The project includes six hillforts: the four most southerly of the hillforts in the Clwydian Range (Penycloddiau, Moel Arthur, Moel y Gaer Llanbedr, and Moel Fenlli), this hillfort and Caer Drewyn.

Penycloddiau
Penycloddiau is a hill in Flintshire, Wales, and one of five Marilyns in the Clwydian Range.

The hill, like Foel Fenlli and Moel Arthur to the south, has an Iron Age hillfort at its summit.  It covers 26 hectares (64 acres) making it one of the largest hillforts in Wales. In 2017, excavations by the Clywdian Range Archaeology Group (CRAG) unearthed a significant number of 4,000-year-old stone tools from the Bronze Age, the discovery indicates human activity occurred much earlier than first thought in the area.

Penycloddiau is crossed by the Offa's Dyke Path and the Clwydian Way, two long distance footpaths that traverse the hills in this area. A free car park exists at the bwlch between Penycloddiau and Moel Arthur, where two footpaths lead to the summit.
Philip Cademan
Philip Cademan (born. 1643) was an English stage actor of the Restoration era.

The son of an apothecary Thomas Cross, he adopted his stepfather's surname of Cademan after his mother remarried. In 1651 she married again this time to the playwright William Davenant, who following the return of Charles II to the throne and the reopening of theatres, brought Cademan into the newly formed Duke's Company. His first known role as Sylvio in The Duchess of Malfi in 1662. He continued acting with the company, at Lincoln's Inn Fields and then the Dorset Gardens Theatre until 1673, when he was involved in a stage accident. During a performance of The Man's the Master he was wounded in the head with a sword during a stagefight with fellow actor Henry Harris. Unable to resume his career, he was paid a pension of thirty shillings a week.

Dorset Garden Theatre
51°30′51″N 0°6′29″W﻿ / ﻿51.51417°N 0.10806°W﻿ / 51.51417; -0.10806

The Dorset Garden Theatre in London, built in 1671, was in its early years also known as the Duke of York's Theatre, or the Duke's Theatre. In 1685, King Charles II died and his brother, the Duke of York, was crowned as James II. When the Duke became King, the theatre became the Queen's Theatre in 1685, referring to James' second wife, Mary of Modena. The name remained when William III and Mary II came to the throne in 1689.

It was the fourth home of the Duke's Company, one of the two patent theatre companies in Restoration London, and after 1682 continued to be used by the company's successor, the United Company.

It was demolished in 1709.