hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polysaccharide A
Polysaccharide A (PSA) is a polysaccharide produced by the  Gram-negative bacterium Bacteroides fragilis. B.fragilis produces eight identified distinct capsular polysaccharides, identified by the letters "A" through "H".

PSA interacts with Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on dendritic cells. PSA colonization of B. fragilis in the gut mucosa induces regulatory T cells and suppresses pro-inflammatory T helper 17 cells. PSA has been shown to protect animals from experimental diseases like colitis, asthma, or pulmonary inflammation. Nonetheless, PSA can be pro-inflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory.

PSA has been studied extensively in the spleen and gastrointestinal tract, but PSA uses regulatory T cells to reduce inflammation in the central nervous system.

Colitis
Colitis is swelling or inflammation of the large intestine (colon). Colitis may be acute and self-limited or long-term. It broadly fits into the category of digestive diseases.

In a medical context, the label colitis (without qualification) is used if:

The cause of the inflammation in the colon is undetermined; for example, colitis may be applied to Crohn's disease at a time when the diagnosis is unknown, or

The context is clear; for example, an individual with ulcerative colitis is talking about their disease with a physician who knows the diagnosis.
Love Is an Illusion!
Love Is an Illusion! (Korean: 사랑은 환상!, romanized: Sarang-eun Hwansang!) is a South Korean boys' love manhwa written and illustrated by Fargo. The series has an omegaverse setting and follows Hye-sung, an Omega who thought he was an Alpha until recently, and Dojin, an Alpha who cannot stand Omegas. The series was serialized online via Lezhin Comics between January 2018 and March 2021. On February 12, 2022, a sequel, Love Is an Illusion! — The Queen, began serialization.

Omegaverse
Omegaverse, also known as A/B/O or α/β/Ω (an abbreviation for "alpha/beta/omega"), is a subgenre of speculative erotic fiction. The genre supposes the existence of a dominance hierarchy among humans as similar to that associated in popular myth with wolves and other canids that is composed of dominant "alphas," neutral "betas," and submissive "omegas." In the Omegaverse, this hierarchy determines how people interact with one another in romantic, erotic and sexual contexts. Though tropes associated with Omegaverse can be observed in works published as early as the 1960s, the genre formally originated in the 2010s as a subgenre of erotic slash (same-sex) fan fiction, as a fusion of elements of werewolf fiction and the mpreg subgenre.
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus  (SCLE ) is a clinically distinct subset of cases of lupus erythematosus that is most often present in white women aged 15 to 40, consisting of skin lesions that are scaly and evolve as poly-cyclic annular lesions or plaques similar to those of plaque psoriasis.

Characteristically the lesions appear in sun-exposed areas such as the vee of the neckline or the forearms, but not the face. It may be brought on by sun-sensitizing medications, but is usually associated with autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome.

Therapy generally involves sun avoidance and protection and topical corticosteroids. Sometimes systemic drug treatment is necessary. Besides corticosteroids other immunosuppressants such as methotrexate are also used.

Lesions of SCLE may have an annular (shaped like a ring) configuration, with raised red borders and central clearing.

Sjögren's disease
Sjögren's disease (SjD), previously known as Sjögren syndrome or Sjögren's syndrome (SjS, SS), is a long-term autoimmune disease that primarily affects the body's exocrine glands, particularly the lacrimal and salivary glands. Common symptoms include dry mouth and dry eyes, and it often seriously affects other organ systems, such as the lungs, kidneys, and nervous system.
2023 Democratic Party for the People leadership election
The 2023 Democratic Party For the People leadership election was held on 2 September 2023 in accordance with the end of the presidential term which had commenced in 2020. Incumbent president Yuichiro Tamaki was re-elected overwhelmingly against former foreign minister Seiji Maehara.

Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)
The minister for foreign affairs (外務大臣, Gaimu Daijin) is a member of the cabinet of Japan and is the leader and chief executive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The minister is responsible for implementing Japan's foreign policy and is also a statutory member of the National Security Council. The minister is nominated by the prime minister and is appointed by the emperor of Japan.

Since the end of the allied occupation of Japan, the position has been one of the most powerful in the cabinet, as Japan's economic interests have long relied on foreign relations. The recent efforts of former prime minister Junichiro Koizumi and Shinzo Abe to establish a more interventionist foreign policy have also heightened the importance of the position.

The current minister for foreign affairs is Toshimitsu Motegi, who took office on October 21, 2025.
Phosphaphenalene
Phosphaphenalenes are a class of heterocyclic aromatic compounds containing phosphorus with molecular formula C12H9P. It is related to phenalene C13H10, where one of its carbons is replaced by phosphorus (phenalene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon). Phosphaphenalene can exist in a number of isomers depending on where in the ring system the phosphorus atom is placed. The phosphorus atom in these molecules has unusual properties, in particular changing its affinity as an electron acceptor when exposed to certain wavelengths of light. This makes phosphaphenalenes useful in optoelectronic applications such as temperature-dependent luminescence and electrochromism (reversibly changes colour when electricity is applied).

Heterocyclic compound
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a hydrocarbon-based cyclic compound that contains at least one heteroatom as member(s) of its ring(s). Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles.

Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes.  More than half of known compounds are heterocycles.  59% of US FDA-approved drugs contain nitrogen heterocycles.
Tuxedo Computers
The Tuxedo Computers GmbH (stylised as TUXEDO Computers) is a computer manufacturer based in Augsburg, Germany. The company specializes in desktop computers and notebooks with a pre-installed Linux operating system. The devices are manufactured in Leipzig, Germany. Tuxedo Computers equips its devices with Tuxedo OS, its own Linux distribution based on Ubuntu, or installs a selection of distributions as well as Microsoft Windows as an operating system in parallel with the Linux system or in a virtual machine.

Notebook
A notebook (also known as a notepad, writing pad, drawing pad, or legal pad) is a book or stack of paper pages that are often ruled and used for purposes such as note-taking, journaling, or other writing, drawing, or scrapbooking and more.
Ahuroa Gas Storage Facility
The Ahuroa Gas Storage Facility is an underground natural gas storage facility situated at Ahuroa in the Taranaki region of New Zealand, owned by Flex Gas, a subsidiary of First Gas. Flex Gas is the trading name of Gas Services New Zealand.

The stored gas is used to supply the Stratford Power Station and other major users of gas when needed during periods of peak demand. The facility can store up to 7 PJ of gas, with injection rates up to 65 terajoules per day and withdrawal rates of up to 65 terajoules per day.

Taranaki
Taranaki is a region in the west of New Zealand's North Island. It is named after its main geographical feature, the stratovolcano Mount Taranaki.

The main centre is the city of New Plymouth. The New Plymouth District is one of three in the region and is home to more than 65 per cent of the population of Taranaki. The Stratford District includes the main centres of Stratford, Midhirst, Toko and Whangamōmona. The South Taranaki District includes Hāwera, Manaia, Eltham, and Ōpunake.

Since 2005, Taranaki has used the promotional brand "Like no other".
Hoge Kempen National Park
Hoge Kempen National Park (Nationaal Park Hoge Kempen) is the first National Park in Flanders, Belgium. It is located in the Campine in the East of the Province of Limburg, between Genk and the river Meuse (Dutch: Maas) Valley. It includes the elevated ground that defines the watershed between that river and the low ground of the drainage basin of the river Demer that covers most of Belgian Limburg.

Demer
The Demer is an 85-kilometre (53 mi) long river in eastern Belgium, and a right tributary of the Dijle. It flows through the Belgian provinces Limburg and Flemish Brabant. Its source is near Tongeren. It flows into the river Dijle in Werchter, Rotselaar municipality.

The most important towns along the Demer are (starting from the source) Bilzen, Hasselt, Diest and Aarschot. Tributaries of the Demer are the rivers Herk, Gete and Velp (all three in Halen).

The name "Demer" comes from the Celtic language words "tam" (dark coloured) and "ara" (water) giving rise to a name meaning "dark coloured river". The Winter brook (Beringen) is a tributary of the Demer River.
Boris Cherniak
Boris Cherniak (born 12 December 1964) is a Soviet-born American and Canadian based comedian hypnotist and motivational speaker, entertainer, entrepreneur and author that performs internationally.

Cherniak performs under the stage name Hypnotist The Incredible BORIS, sometimes is credited as incredible hypnotist Boris Cherniak, Boris the Hypnotist or The Amazing BORIS.

Motivational speaker
A motivational speaker (or inspirational speaker) is a speaker who makes speeches intended to motivate or inspire an audience. Such speakers may attempt to  challenge or transform their audiences. The speech itself is popularly known as a pep talk.

Motivational speakers can deliver speeches at schools, colleges, places of worship, companies, corporations, government agencies, conferences, trade shows, summits, community organizations, and similar environments.
Private income
Private income is either:

any type of income received by a private individual or household, often derived from occupational activities, or

income of an individual that is not in the form of a salary, wage, or commission (e.g. income from investments or renting land or other property).

Many people with a private income of the second type are comfortably or well off and may not need a job for additional income. People in such a position can have other pursuits, e.g., as a philanthropist, or in the past as a gentleman scientist, artist, clergyman or writer. Today among America's 146,000 highest income households, those making more than $1.6 million per year, 31% of all income was derived from investments.

Wage
A wage is the price of labor. Examples of wage payments include compensatory payments such as minimum wage, prevailing wage, and yearly bonuses, and remunerative payments such as prizes and tip payouts. Wages are part of the expenses that are involved in running a business. It is an obligation to the employee regardless of the profitability of the company.

Payment by wage contrasts with salaried work, in which the employer pays an arranged amount at steady intervals (such as a week or month) regardless of hours worked, with commission which conditions pay on individual performance, and with compensation based on the performance of the company as a whole. Waged employees may also receive tips or gratuity paid directly by clients and employee benefits which are non-monetary forms of compensation. Since wage labour is the predominant form of work, the term "wage" sometimes refers to all forms (or all monetary forms) of employee compensation.
Parliament TV (Malta)
Parliament TV is a terrestrial television network in Malta that broadcasts the proceedings of the Parliament of Malta. It was established in 2015 following the relocation of Parliament to the new parliament building in Valletta.

Prior to 2012, proceedings of Parliament were not broadcast in video form but audio coverage of parliamentary debates was carried on Radju Malta 2.

Parliament began a pilot project in May 2012 to webcast debate and committee meetings live over the internet until Parliament relocated to its new building which was properly set up for live television broadcasting.

The channel is operated by the national broadcaster Public Broadcasting Services under an agreement with the Parliament of Malta.

Parliament House (Malta)
The Parliament House (Maltese: Dar il-Parlament) is the meeting place of the Parliament of Malta located in Valletta, Malta. The building was constructed between 2011 and 2015 to designs by Renzo Piano as part of the City Gate Project, which also included building a new City Gate and converting the ruins of the Royal Opera House into an open-air theatre. Construction of the Parliament House generated considerable controversy, mainly due to the modern design of the building and the cost of construction, which amounted to around €90 million.

From 1921 to 1976, the meeting place of the Parliament of Malta had been the Tapestry Chamber of the Grandmaster's Palace, also in Valletta. In 1976, the former armoury of the same palace was converted into a new parliament, and meetings were held there until the opening of the purpose-built Parliament House on 4 May 2015.
Isaac de Caus
Isaac de Caus (1590–1648) was a French landscaper and architect. He arrived in England in 1612 to carry on the work that his brother Salomon de Caus had left behind. His first known work in England was a grotto that Caus designed in 1623 located in the basement of Inigo Jones's Banqueting House. He is noted for his work at Wilton House and Lincoln's Inn.

He was the architect in charge of carrying out Inigo Jones's design for Covent Garden.

Documented clients include Mary, Countess of Home at her London townhouse in Aldersgate. Surviving buildings include the stables at Wilton House, designed in 1630s closely following an elevation published by Sebastiano Serlio.

Sebastiano Serlio
Sebastiano Serlio (6 September 1475 – c. 1554) was an Italian Mannerist architect, who was part of the Italian team building the Palace of Fontainebleau. Serlio helped canonize the classical orders of architecture in his influential treatise variously known as I sette libri dell'architettura ("Seven Books of Architecture") or Tutte l'opere d'architettura et prospetiva ("All the works on architecture and perspective").
DXBR
DXBR (981 AM) Bombo Radyo is a radio station owned and operated by Bombo Radyo Philippines through its licensee People's Broadcasting Service. Its studio, offices and transmitter are located at Bombo Radyo Broadcast Center, Purok 6, National Highway Barangay Ampayon, Butuan.

Bombo Radyo Philippines
Bombo Radyo Holdings, Inc. (d/b/a Bombo Radyo Philippines) is a Philippine radio network of the Florete Group of Companies, which also manages banking and pawnshop operations. Its main office and headquarters are located at Florete Bldg., 2406 Nobel corner Edison Streets, Barangay San Isidro, Makati. It operates several stations across the country under the Bombo Radyo and Star FM brands. Currently, most of its stations are licensed to People's Broadcasting Service, Inc. (PBS), while a handful of its AM stations are licensed to Newsounds Broadcasting Network, Inc. (NBN). Consolidated Broadcasting System, Inc. (CBS) formerly served as licensee for some of its FM stations from
1992 until 2018, when PBS took over as their licensee, following the former's non-renewal.

Named after the Spanish language name for a drum, the bass drum and its beats serve as the network's sonic identity, commonly used between breaks during newscasts.
Romana Rotterová
Romana Rotterová (17 October 1931 – 30 August 2022) was a Czech printmaker, sculptor, textile artist, illustrator and poet.

Romana Rotterová was the child of the sculptor Leonard Rotter and his wife Julie, with whom she initially studied sculpture. She also worked under Mary Duras and Vratislav Jan Žižka. Poor health lead her to pursue a career in printmaking instead. She was especially known for her work in intaglio and drypoint. Two of Rotterová's prints are owned by the National Gallery of Art. Two more are in the collection of the Smart Museum of Art.

Smart Museum of Art
The David and Alfred Smart Museum of Art is an art museum located on the campus of the University of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois. The permanent collection has over 17,000 objects. Admission is free and open to the public.

The Smart Museum and the adjacent Cochrane-Woods Art Center were designed by the architect Edward Larrabee Barnes.
HMS Pomona
Two Royal Navy ships have borne the name HMS Pomona:

HMS Pomona (1761), the 18-gun French sloop-of-war Cheveret captured on 30 January 1761 and wrecked in a hurricane in 1776.

HMS Pomona (1778), a 28-gun Enterprise-class sixth-rate frigate launched in 1778. She was renamed Amphitrite in 1795 and broken up in 1811.

Sixth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a sixth-rate was the designation for small warships mounting between 20 and 28 carriage-mounted guns on a single deck, sometimes with smaller guns on the upper works and sometimes without. It thus encompassed ships with up to 30 guns in all. In the first half of the 18th century the main battery guns were 6-pounders, but by mid-century these were supplanted by 9-pounders. 28-gun sixth-rates were classed as frigates, those smaller as 'post ships', indicating that they were still commanded by a full ('post') captain, as opposed to sloops of 18 guns and less, which were under commanders.
USS Sorrel
USS Sorrel was a small 68-ton steamer purchased by the Union Navy towards the end  of the American Civil War.

The Navy placed Sorrel in service as a Philadelphia tugboat, a role she maintained through the end of the Civil War and for a short period afterwards.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
2024 Porto Women's Indoor ITF 3
The 2024 Porto Women's Indoor ITF 3 was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2024 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Porto, Portugal, between 19 and 25 February 2024.

Matilde Jorge
Matilde Jorge (born 7 April 2004) is a Portuguese professional tennis player. She has career-high rankings of world No. 212 in singles, achieved on 8 September 2025, and No. 91 in doubles, achieved on 9 February 2026.
Chaos Glacier
Chaos Glacier (69°1′S 78°0′E﻿ / ﻿69.017°S 78.000°E﻿ / -69.017; 78.000) is a glacier 4 nautical miles (7 km) south of Browns Glacier, flowing westward from Ingrid Christensen Coast into the central part of Ranvik Bay. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–37), and named by John H. Roscoe in a 1952 study of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump aerial photography of this coast. The name alludes to the jumbled, chaotic, appearance of the terminal glacial flowage.

Ingrid Christensen Coast
The Ingrid Christensen Coast is that portion of the coast of Antarctica lying between Jennings Promontory, in 72°33′E, and the western end of the West Ice Shelf in 81°24′E. It is located in the western half of Princess Elizabeth Land, just east of the Amery Ice Shelf.
1991 Mexican Grand Prix
The 1991 Mexican Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez, Mexico City, on 16 June 1991. It was the sixth race of the 1991 Formula One World Championship.

The 67-lap race was won by Italian Riccardo Patrese, driving a Williams-Renault, after he started from pole position. Patrese's teammate, Briton Nigel Mansell, finished second, with Brazilian Ayrton Senna third in a McLaren-Honda.

As of 2024, it was the most recent Formula One race to feature a car powered by a Porsche engine.

Dallara
Dallara Group S.r.l. is the largest multi-national Italian race car manufacturer, founded by its current President, Giampaolo Dallara. After working for Ferrari, Maserati, Lamborghini and De Tomaso, in 1972 in his native village of Varano de' Melegari (Parma), he created Dallara Automobili.

Dallara is the sole manufacturer of racing cars for the IndyCar Series, Indy NXT, FIA Formula 2, FIA Formula 3 and Super Formula Championships. The company also produces cars for endurance races such as the 24 Hours of Le Mans and the 24 Hours of Daytona.

Dallara has also been involved in the development and production of both Formula E cars and Haas F1 Team cars.
Elmer L. Gaden
Elmer L. Gaden Jr. (Sept. 26, 1923 – March 10, 2012) has been described as "the father of biochemical engineering". A graduate of Columbia University, he wrote a dissertation that quantified the amount of oxygen necessary to fuel the fermentation process used to produce penicillin. Gaden established Columbia's program in biochemical engineering. He remained at Columbia for 26 years as a teacher, researcher, and department chair, before becoming dean of the college of engineering, mathematics, and business administration at the University of Vermont in 1974. In 1979, he joined the engineering faculty at the University of Virginia as the Wills Johnson Professor of Chemical Engineering. In 1994 he retired from Virginia, becoming Wills Johnson Professor Emeritus. He died in 2012.

Biochemical engineering
Biochemical engineering, also known as bioprocess engineering, is a field of study with roots stemming from chemical engineering and biological engineering. It mainly deals with the design, construction, and advancement of unit processes that involve biological organisms (such as fermentation) or organic molecules (often enzymes) and has various applications in areas of interest such as biofuels, food, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and water treatment processes. The role of a biochemical engineer is to take findings developed by biologists and chemists in a laboratory and translate that to a large-scale manufacturing process.
Tikyan
The Tikyan (Russian: Тикян; Yakut: Тиикээн) is a river in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. It is one of the northernmost tributaries of the Lena. The river has a length of 119 kilometres (74 mi) and a drainage basin area of 1,640 square kilometres (630 sq mi).

The river flows north of the Arctic Circle across desolate areas of Bulunsky District. The nearest inhabited place is Kyusyur, located on the banks of the Lena, about 20 km (12 mi) northeast of its mouth.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.