hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wang Gungwu
Wang Gungwu AO, CBE (simplified Chinese: 王赓武; traditional Chinese: 王賡武; pinyin: Wáng Gēngwǔ; born 9 October 1930), also written Wang Gung Wu, is a Chinese Australian historian, sinologist, and writer specialising in the history of China and Southeast Asia. He has studied and written about the Chinese diaspora. An expert on the Chinese tianxia ("all under heaven") concept, he was the first to suggest its application to the contemporary world as an American tianxia. He is the recipient of many honours and awards, including the Singapore Literature Prize at age 91.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Mühldorf
Mühldorf am Inn (German pronunciation: [ˈmyːldɔʁf ʔam ʔˈɪn] ⓘ, lit. 'Mühldorf on the Inn'; Central Bavarian: Muihdorf am Inn) is a town in Bavaria, Germany, and the capital of the district Mühldorf on the river Inn. It is located at 48°14′30″N 12°31′30″E﻿ / ﻿48.24167°N 12.52500°E﻿ / 48.24167; 12.52500, and had a population of about 17,808 in 2005.  The 2022 census counted 21,917 residents.

Central Bavarian
Central or Middle Bavarian form a subgroup of Bavarian dialects in large parts of Austria and the Free State of Bavaria along the Danube river, on the northern side of the Eastern Alps. They are spoken in the 'Old Bavarian' regions of Upper Bavaria (with Munich), Lower Bavaria and in the adjacent parts of the Upper Palatinate region around Regensburg, in Upper and Lower Austria, in Vienna (see Viennese German), in the state of Salzburg, as well as in the northern and eastern parts of Styria and Burgenland. Before 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans, it was also spoken in Hungary and southern Bohemia and Moravia.
It also influenced Austrian German.
Trey Lewis (tennis)
Trey Lewis (born November 27, 1959) is an American tennis player who played professionally in the first half of the 1980s.

As a qualifier she advanced past the first round of the 1979 U.S. Open, where she was beaten by Sabina Simmonds in the second round. This was her best performance in a Grand Slam tournament.

Lewis was a member of the 1979 USC Women's Tennis All American Team.

She placed second at the 1979 Pan American Games in San Juan.

1979 US Open – Women's singles
Tracy Austin defeated four-time defending champion Chris Evert in the final, 6–4, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1979 US Open. It was her first major singles title. Austin became the youngest major champion in the Open Era, aged 16 years and 9 months (a record later surpassed by Monica Seles at the 1990 French Open, and one that still stands at the US Open). She was also the youngest woman to defeat the world No. 1 and No. 2 at one tournament since the WTA rankings were established in 1975, a record that still stands.

In Evert’s fourth-round match against Sherry Acker, Evert lost the first set. This marked her first set lost at the US Open since the opening set of the 1975 US Open final against Evonne Goolagong-Cawley, a span of 46 consecutive sets won.
Duke of Mercœur
The Seigneurs and Dukes of Mercœur were a line of powerful lords deriving their name from the estate of Mercœur in Auvergne, France. The line became extinct in the 14th century, and passed by inheritance to the dauphins of Auvergne, counts of Clermont. In 1426 it passed to the Bourbons by the marriage, of Jeanne de Clermont, dauphine of Auvergne, to Louis I, Count of Montpensier. It formed part of the confiscated estates of the Constable de Bourbon, and was given by Francis I and Louise of Savoy to Antoine, Duke of Lorraine, and his wife, Renée of Bourbon, sister of the Constable. Nicholas of Lorraine, son of Duke Antoine, was created Duke of Mercœur and a peer of France in 1569. His son Philippe Emmanuel left a daughter, who married the duc de Vendôme in 1609.

Louis I, Count of Montpensier
Louis de Bourbon (1405 – May 1486) was the third son of John I, Duke of Bourbon and Marie, Duchess of Auvergne. He was Count of Montpensier, Clermont-en-Auvergne and Sancerre and Dauphin of Auvergne and was a younger brother of Charles I of Bourbon. He founded the Bourbon-Montpensier branch of the House of Bourbon, which would eventually take over the Duchy in 1505.
Blocking (martial arts)
In martial arts, blocking is the act of stopping or deflecting an opponent's attack for the purpose of preventing injurious contact with the body. A block usually consists of placing a limb across the line of the attack.

Strike (attack)
A strike is a directed, forceful physical attack with either a part of the human body or with a handheld object (such as a melee weapon), intended to cause blunt or penetrating trauma upon an opponent.

There are many different varieties of strikes. A strike with the hand closed into a fist is known as a punch, a strike with a fingertip is known as a jab, a strike with the leg or foot is known as a kick, and a strike with the head is known as a headbutt. There are also other variations employed in martial arts and combat sports.

"Buffet" or "beat" refer to repeatedly and violently striking an opponent; this is also commonly referred to as a combination, or combo, especially in boxing or fighting video games.
Romanesque art
Romanesque art is the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic style in the 12th century, or later depending on region. The preceding period is known as the Pre-Romanesque period. The term was invented by 19th-century art historians, especially for Romanesque architecture, which retained many basic features of Roman architectural style – most notably round-headed arches, but also barrel vaults, apses, and acanthus-leaf decoration – but had also developed many very different characteristics.

In southern France, Spain, and Italy there was an architectural continuity with the Late Antique, but the Romanesque style was the first style to spread across the whole of Catholic Europe, from Sicily to Scandinavia. Romanesque art was also greatly influenced by Byzantine art, especially in painting, and by the anti-classical energy of the decoration of the Insular art of the British Isles. From these elements was forged a highly innovative and coherent style.

Moissac
Moissac (French pronunciation: [mwasak]) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in southern France. The town is situated at the confluence of the rivers Garonne and Tarn at the Canal de Garonne. Route nationale N113 was constructed through the town and between Valence-d'Agen and Castelsarrasin. It is served by Moissac station on the Bordeaux-Toulouse line.
Kuusiku
Kuusiku (German: Saage) is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Rapla Parish, Rapla County, Estonia. It has a population of 250. Kuusiku Manor and Rapla Airfield (Kuusiku Airfield) are located in Kuusiku.

Rapla Airfield
Rapla Airfield (ICAO: EERA) (also known as Kuusiku Airfield) is an airfield in Estonia. It is located in Iira village near the town of Rapla, about 50 km (31 mi) from the capital Tallinn. Rapla Airfield is considered one of the centres of Estonian skydiving and private aviation.

The airfield has two 60 m (200 ft) wide parallel grass-covered runways: 15L/33R 1,100 m (3,600 ft) and 15R/33L 1,600 m (5,200 ft).

Rapla Airfield is used mainly as a drop zone by skydivers, by small airplane and ultra-light owners, by model plane pilots, by hang-glider and glider pilots and by powered para-glider pilots.
San Martino ai Monti
San Martino ai Monti, officially known as Santi Silvestro e Martino ai Monti ("Saints Sylvester & Martin in the Mountains"), is a minor basilica in Rome, Italy, in the Rione Monti neighbourhood. It is located near the edge of the Parco del Colle Oppio, near the corner of Via Equizia and Viale del Monte Oppio, about five to six blocks south of Santa Maria Maggiore.

The current Cardinal Priest with title to the basilica is Kazimierz Nycz, the Archbishop of Warsaw. Among the previous titulars are  Alfonso de la Cueva; Joseph Mary Tomasi, C.R.; Achille Ratti, later Pope Pius XI; Ildefonso Schuster, O.S.B.; and Gianbattista Montini, later Pope Paul VI.

The parish is served by members of the Italian Province of the Carmelite Order and the residence next door to the church houses the offices of the Province.

Theatines
The Theatines, officially named the Congregation of Clerics Regular (Latin: Ordo Clericorum Regularium; abbreviated CR), are members of a Catholic order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men. The order was founded in virtue of faculties granted by Pope Clement VII on 24 June 1524 in the Brief Exponi Nobis.
Utah Tech Trailblazers baseball
The Utah Tech Trailblazers baseball team represents Utah Tech University (Formerly known as Dixie State), which is located in St. George, Utah. The Trailblazers are an NCAA Division I college baseball program that competes in the Western Athletic Conference. They competed in Division II from 2007 to 2020, playing ten seasons with the Pacific West Conference, and two with the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference.

The Utah Tech Trailblazers play all home games on campus at Bruce Hurst Field.

Pacific West Conference
The Pacific West Conference (also known as the PacWest) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level. Member institutions are located in California and Hawaii.

The conference sponsors the following sports: basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, tennis and track & field outdoor for both men and women; baseball for men only; softball and volleyball for women only. The newest PacWest sports are men's tennis and women's golf, both added in 2012–13.
Sha Tin Wai station
Sha Tin Wai (Chinese: 沙田圍; Cantonese Yale: Sātìnwài) is a station on the Tuen Ma line in Sha Tin, Hong Kong. The name "Sha Tin Wai" comes from the village called Sha Tin Wai, which is located to the northeast of the station. It was provisionally called "Sha Kok Street" before the Ma On Shan line opened, because it is located at Sha Kok Street.

It serves residents living in Pok Hong Estate, Sha Kok Estate, Jat Min Chuen, Yue Shing Court, Shui Chuen O Estate, and also serves over 10 schools around the area, including kindergartens, primary schools and secondary schools, such as Po Leung Kuk Chee Jing Yin Primary School, The Church of Christ in China Kei Kok Primary School, Island School and Immaculate Heart of Mary College.

The pattern featured on the platform pillar and glass barrier is a shot of Tsang Tai Uk traditional walled settlement.

Sha Tin
Sha Tin, also spelt Shatin, is a neighbourhood along Shing Mun River in the eastern New Territories, Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of the Sha Tin District. Sha Tin is one of the neighbourhoods of the Sha Tin New Town project.

The new town was founded in 1973 under the New Towns Development Programme of the Hong Kong government. Its current name was named after the nearby village of Sha Tin Wai.  The literal English translation is 'Sand Fields'.
La Celia Aritha Prince
La Celia Aritha Prince (born in Kingstown, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, 1977) became Ambassador of St. Vincent and the Grenadines to the United States on May 30, 2008. Prince was the youngest ambassador in the Washington diplomatic corps.

Kingstown
Kingstown /ˈkɪŋsˌtaʊn/ is the capital and largest city of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The city, located on the main island of Saint Vincent, has the main port and the biggest commercial center of the islands. With a population of 12,909 (2012), Kingstown is the most populous settlement in the country. It is the island's agricultural industry centre and a port of entry for tourists. The city lies within the parish of Saint George in the south-west corner of Saint Vincent.
Laura Sullivan-Beckers
Laura Sullivan-Beckers is an associate professor of evolutionary biology at Murray State University. She is credited with the discovery of Hebetica sylviae, a species of treehopper, named for her daughter Sylvie Beckers.

Murray State University
Murray State University (MSU) is a public university in Murray, Kentucky, United States. In addition to the main campus in Calloway County in southwestern Kentucky, Murray State operates extended campuses offering upper-level and graduate courses in Paducah, Hopkinsville, Madisonville, and Henderson.
Peter Jones (Australian politician)
Peter Vernon Jones AM (28 January 1933 – 16 January 2017) was an Australian politician who served as a member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 1974 to 1986, representing the seat of Narrogin. He was a minister in the governments of Charles Court and Ray O'Connor.

Electoral district of Narrogin
Narrogin was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 1950 to 1989.

The district centred on the town of Narrogin in the southern part of the state. The seat was won on every occasion by the National Party.
Missouri Route 108
Route 108 is a short highway in the Bootheel of southeastern Missouri. Its eastern terminus is the Arkansas state line at Arkansas Highway 77, about six miles (10 km) south of Arbyrd, the only town on the route. Its western terminus is at U.S. Route 412 (US 412) about two miles (3 km) north of Arbyrd. Although signed as an east–west route, the route follows mostly north–south roadways. The route was designated in 1930, and was extended east in 1972.

Dunklin County, Missouri
Dunklin County is located in the Bootheel of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,283. The largest city and county seat is Kennett.

Dunklin County comprises the Kennett, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The Stars My Destination
The Stars My Destination is a science fiction novel by American writer Alfred Bester. It was first published in book form in the United Kingdom in June 1956, where it was titled Tiger! Tiger!; the novel was named after William Blake's 1794 poem "The Tyger", whose first verse is printed as the first page of the novel. The novel remains widely known under that title in the markets in which this edition was circulated. It was subsequently serialized in the American Galaxy Science Fiction magazine in four parts, beginning in October 1956. A working title was Hell's My Destination; the book was also associated with the name The Burning Spear. It was Bester's last novel for the next 19 years.

The novel was widely criticized and praised when it first appeared, but it is now appreciated as a classic work and a prescient forerunner of the cyberpunk science fiction subgenre.

Thursday Next
Thursday Next is the protagonist in a series of comic fantasy, alternate history mystery novels by the British author Jasper Fforde.  She was introduced for the first time in Fforde's first published novel, The Eyre Affair, released on 19 July 2001 by Hodder & Stoughton. As of 2012, the series comprises seven books, in two series. The first series is made up of the novels The Eyre Affair, Lost in a Good Book, The Well of Lost Plots and Something Rotten. The second series is so far made up of First Among Sequels, One of Our Thursdays Is Missing and The Woman Who Died a Lot. As of November 2025, the next novel, Dark Reading Matter, is planned for 2026.
Małgorzata Jankowska
Małgorzata Jankowska (née Grzelak, born 30 November 1983) is a Polish para table tennis player who competes at international table tennis competitions. She is a six-time European champion, five-time World medalist and three-time Paralympic medalist.

World Para Table Tennis Championships
The World Para Table Tennis Championships are the world championships for para table tennis where athletes with a disability compete. They are organised by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) on a four-year rotation with the Paralympic Games (every four years).

The first edition was held in 1990 in Assen, Netherlands, the second in 1998, from that the championships was held every four years.
Daniels Pass
Daniels Pass (elevation 8,020 feet [2,440 m]) is a high mountain pass in Wasatch County, Utah traversed by U.S. Route 40. It is the summit of Daniels Canyon on the road between Heber and Strawberry Reservoir. The pass is located within the Uinta National Forest and just inside the Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation.

Strawberry Reservoir
Strawberry Reservoir is a large reservoir in the U.S. state of Utah, located on the Strawberry River. It is Utah's most popular fishery, receiving over 1.5 million angling hours annually and is part of the Blue Ribbon Fisheries program. Game fish in the reservoir include sterilized rainbow trout, bear lake cutthroat trout, kokanee salmon and crayfish. It is located 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Heber, Utah on U.S. Route 40.
The reservoir is situated in Strawberry Valley.  This valley is normally part of the Colorado River drainage.  The dam was constructed to divert water into Utah Valley.

Strawberry Reservoir was the 2006 recipient of the American Fisheries Society's outstanding sport fish development/restoration Project of the Year award.
Chain of events
A chain of events is a number of actions and their effects that are contiguous and linked together that results in a particular outcome. In the physical sciences, chain reactions are a primary example.

Contiguity (probability theory)
In probability theory, two sequences of probability measures are said to be contiguous if asymptotically they share the same support. Thus the notion of contiguity extends the concept of absolute continuity to the sequences of measures.

The concept was originally introduced by Le Cam (1960) as part of his foundational contribution to the development of asymptotic theory in mathematical statistics.  He is best known for the general concepts of local asymptotic normality and contiguity.
Lola Montez, the King's Dancer
Lola Montez, the King's Dancer (German: Lola Montez, die Tänzerin des Königs) is a 1922 German silent historical drama film directed by Willi Wolff and starring Ellen Richter, Arnold Korff, and Fritz Kampers. It portrays the life of Lola Montez. The film was produced by Richter's own production company, but was released by the dominant German distributor UFA.

A previous biopic Lola Montez had been released in 1919, starring Leopoldine Konstantin.

Leopoldine Konstantin
Leopoldine Konstantin (born Leopoldine Eugenie Amelie Konstanti; 12 March 1886 – 14 December 1965) was an Austrian actress. She played in Frank Wedekind's Spring Awakening (1907), Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet (1907), A Winter's Tale (1908), and A Midsummer Night's Dream (1910).
1938 Norwegian Football Cup final
The 1938 Norwegian Football Cup final was the 37th final of the Norwegian Football Cup. It took place on 16 October 1938 at Briskeby gressbane in Hamar. The match was contested between Fredrikstad and Mjøndalen. The match was Fredrikstad's fourth and Mjøndalen's seventh appearance overall and Mjøndalen's third consecutive final appearance.

Fredrikstad won the match 3–2, after the game had ended at a 2–2 draw after ordinary time. Goals were scored by Thorleif Larsen after five minutes and Knut Brynildsen, on a penalty kick after 40 minutes for Fredrikstad; Mjøndalen reduced with goals by Trygve Halvorsen and Jørgen Hval after 60 and 63 minutes, respectively. The decisive goal was scored by Arne Ileby after 100 minutes, securing Fredrikstad their fourth cup title. 12,000 spectators attended the game, with still stands as Briskeby's record attendance.

Knut Brynildsen
Knut Brynildsen (23 July 1917 – 15 January 1986) was a Norwegian footballer. Playing for the Norway national team between 1935–1940 and 1945–1948, he managed to score 10 goals in 18 caps. He participated at the 1938 FIFA World Cup.

On club level Brynildsen played for Fredrikstad, where he helped win the Norwegian cup in 1935, 1936, 1938 and 1940, and the league title in 1938, 1939 og 1949.
Type II Cepheid
Type II Cepheids are variable stars which pulsate with periods typically between 1 and 50 days. They are population II stars: old, typically metal-poor, low mass objects.

Like all Cepheid variables, Type IIs exhibit a relationship between the star's luminosity and pulsation period, making them useful as standard candles for establishing distances where little other data is available.

Longer period Type II Cepheids, which are more luminous, have been detected beyond the Local Group in the galaxies NGC 5128 and NGC 4258.

Messier 106
Messier 106 (also known as NGC 4258) is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781. M106 is at a distance of about 22 to 25 million light-years away from Earth. M106 contains an active nucleus classified as a Type 2 Seyfert, and the presence of a central supermassive black hole has been demonstrated from radio-wavelength observations of the rotation of a disk of molecular gas orbiting within the inner light-year around the black hole. NGC 4217 is a possible companion galaxy of Messier 106. Besides the two visible arms, it has two "anomalous arms" detectable using an X-ray telescope.
Earl Pruess
Earl Henry "Gibby" Pruess (April 2, 1895 – August 28, 1979) was an American Major League Baseball right fielder who played in one game for the St. Louis Browns on September 15, 1920. He walked in his only plate appearance.

Plate appearance
In baseball, a player is credited with a plate appearance (denoted by PA) each time he completes a turn batting. Under Rule 5.04(c) of the Official Baseball Rules, a player completes a turn batting when he is put out or becomes a runner. This happens when he strikes out or is declared out before reaching first base; or when he reaches first base safely or is awarded first base (by a base on balls, hit by pitch, catcher's interference, or obstruction); or when he hits a fair ball which causes a preceding runner to be put out for the third out before he himself is put out or reaches first base safely (see also left on base, fielder's choice, force play). A very similar baseball statistic, at bats, counts a subset of plate appearances that end under certain circumstances.
Qezelabad, Qom
Qezelabad (Persian: قزل اباد, also Romanized as Qezelābād) is a village in Jafarabad Rural District, Jafarabad District, Qom County, Qom Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 111, in 22 families.

Qom province
Qom Province (Persian: استان قم) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran with 11,237 km², covering 0.89% of the total area of the country. Its capital is the city of Qom.

The province is in the central part of the country and was formed from part of Tehran province in 1995. The province was designated as part of Region 1 following the division of Iranian provinces into 5 regions which took place on June 22, 2014, for the purposes of coordination and development.