hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Munger Jr.
Charles Thomas Munger Jr. is an American physicist and political donor, known for his support of nonpartisan redistricting in California. A member of the Republican Party and son of Charlie Munger, he emerged as the principal financial backer of Proposition 77 (2005), Proposition 11 (2008), Proposition 20 (2010), and as an opponent of Proposition 50 (2025).

A key ally of Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, Munger is considered by many to be responsible for the creation of the California Citizens Redistricting Commission. He was also a major donor supporting Proposition 32 (2012) and opposing Proposition 30 (2012).

From 2012 to 2015, Munger served as chair of the Santa Clara County Republican Party. He resides in Palo Alto, California.

2012 California Proposition 32
Proposition 32 is a California ballot measure that was decided by California voters at the statewide election on November 6, 2012. This initiative statute would have affected political contributions via payroll deductions, and contributions to political candidates. The proposition was defeated by voters by a margin of 56 to 44 percent.
Balashov (surname)
Balashov (masculine, Russian: Балашов) or Balashova (feminine, Russian: Балашова) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Balashov (1770–1837), Russian general and statesman

Alexandra Balashova (1887–1979), Russian ballet dancer

Andrey Balashov (1946–2009), Russian sailor

Boris Balashov (1927–1974), Russian magazine editor

Hennadiy Balashov (1961–2025), Ukrainian businessman and politician

Roman Balashov (born 1977), Russian water polo player

Sasha Balashov (born 1960), Russian historian and art critic

Victor Balashov (1924–2021), Russian radio and television presenter

Vitaliy Balashov (born 1991), Ukrainian football player

Yuri Balashov (born 1949), Russian chess player

Hennadiy Balashov
Hennadiy Viktorovych Balashov (Ukrainian: Геннадій Вікторович Балашов, 20 February 1961 – 11 November 2025) was a Ukrainian businessman, blogger, politician and leader of 5.10 political party. He was an advocate of a radical reform of Ukraine's tax system, so-called "Tax Paradise for humanity".
Gyaing River
Gyaing River (Burmese: ဂျိုင်းမြစ်) is a river of Kayin State and Mon State, in southeastern Burma (Myanmar). Its two major tributaries, the Hlaingbwe River and the Haungtharaw River, flow together to form the Gyaing at 16°36′12″N 98°00′25″E﻿ / ﻿16.60333°N 98.00694°E﻿ / 16.60333; 98.00694. It is about 45 miles (72 km) long and flows into the Salween River immediately above Moulmein, at 16°30′55″N 97°37′36″E﻿ / ﻿16.51528°N 97.62667°E﻿ / 16.51528; 97.62667 (its mouth).

The Gyaing is a wide river, but quite shallow with numerous sandbars. It is navigable by smaller boats all year long. Important towns and villages along its banks include Gadoe (Kado), Zathabyin (Zathabyeng), Kalagong, Kawbein, Peinnegon, Tarana and Damathat (Dhammatha). The up-stream Gyaing forms part of the border between Hpa-an District and Kawkareik District of Kayin State, and downstream is the border between Kayin State and Mon State.

Kayin State
Kayin State, formerly known as Karen State, is a state of Myanmar. The capital city is Hpa-An, also spelled Pa-An.

The terrain of the state is mountainous, with the Dawna Range running along the state in a NNW–SSE direction, and the southern end of the Karen Hills in the northwest. It is bordered by the Mae Hong Son, Tak, and Kanchanaburi provinces of Thailand to the east; Mon State and Bago Region to the west and south; and Mandalay Region, Shan State and Kayah State to the north.
Rougeau
Rougeau is a Canadian surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Armand Rougeau (born 1961), former professional wrestler

Jacques Rougeau (born 1960), retired French-Canadian professional wrestler

Jean Rougeau (1929–1983), professional wrestler better known as Johnny Rougeau

Lauriane Rougeau (born 1990), Canadian ice hockey player

Raymond Rougeau (born 1955), Canadian wrestler, French language TV presenter and commentator

René Duprée (born 1983), or René Rougeau, Canadian professional wrestler

René Rougeau (born 1986), American professional basketball player

Vincent Rougeau (born 1963), American scholar of law and theology and academic administrator

Lauriane Rougeau
Lauriane Rougeau (born April 12, 1990) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. Prior to retirement, she played for PWHL Toronto during the inaugural season of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). She played college ice hockey at Cornell, where she is a former All-American selection. She was part of the Montreal Stars team that captured the inaugural Clarkson Cup in 2009. Competing in Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics, she was part of Canada's gold medal triumph. Having also earned a gold medal at the 2012 IIHF Women's World Championship, she is among a rare group of Canadian female hockey players that have won the Clarkson Cup, IIHF World Gold and Winter Games gold.
Gaetan Augsburger
Gaetan Augsburger (born 4 April 1988) is a Swiss ice hockey player. He is currently playing with Lausanne HC of the Swiss National League A.

Augsburger made his National League A debut playing with Genève-Servette HC during the 2005–06 NLA season.

Genève-Servette Hockey Club
Genève-Servette Hockey Club, also known as Genève-Servette HC, (also called Servette or GSHC) is a professional ice hockey club based in Geneva, Switzerland. The team competes in the National League (NL), the highest league in Switzerland. The team plays its home games at the Patinoire des Vernets, which has a seating capacity of 7,135.

The team is currently the oldest team in the NL, being founded in 1905.
Byndoor Assembly constituency
Byndoor Assembly constituency is one of the 224 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Karnataka state in India.

It is part of Udupi district. It consists of parts of Byndoor Taluk and Kundapura Taluk.

Karnataka Legislative Assembly
The Karnataka Legislative Assembly (formerly the Mysore Legislative Assembly) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the southern Indian state of Karnataka. Karnataka is one of the six states in India where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and the Vidhan Parishad (upper house).

There are 224 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and are directly elected  through adult franchise. Karnataka is thus divided into 224 constituencies to elect members to the Assembly, each constituency electing one member. The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or "first past the post" electoral system. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Lemnian language
The Lemnian language was spoken on the island of Lemnos, Greece, in the second half of the 6th century BC. It is mainly attested by an inscription found on a funerary stele, termed the Lemnos stele, discovered in 1885 near Kaminia. Fragments of inscriptions on local pottery show that it was spoken there by a community. In 2009, a newly discovered inscription was reported from the site of Hephaistia, the principal ancient city of Lemnos. Lemnian is largely accepted as being a Tyrsenian language, and as such related to Etruscan and Raetic. After the Athenians conquered the island in the latter half of the 6th century BC, Lemnian was replaced by Attic Greek.

Attic Greek
Attic Greek is the Greek dialect of the ancient region of Attica, including the polis of Athens. Often called Classical Greek, it was the prestige dialect of the Greek world for centuries and remains the standard form of the language that is taught to students of Ancient Greek. As the basis of the Hellenistic Koine, it is the most similar of the ancient dialects to later Greek. Attic is traditionally classified as a member or sister dialect of the Ionic branch.
Paul Soloway
Paul Soloway (October 10, 1941 – November 5, 2007) was a world champion American bridge player. He won the Bermuda Bowl world team championship five times and won 30 North American Bridge Championships "national"-level events.

Soloway was inducted into the ACBL Hall of Fame in 2002. At the time of his death he held 65,511.92 masterpoints – more than any other player in history, and more than 6000 points ahead of second place.

Nail Life Master Open Pairs
The Nail Life Master Open Pairs is a North American bridge championship held at the fall American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

The championship is a Matchpoints pairs event restricted to players with a Life Master rating.  It consists of two qualifying sessions and two final sessions, typically starting on the first Friday of the NABC.
Marquette Transportation Company
The Marquette Transportation Company is a marine transportation company based in Paducah, Kentucky, United States.

According to the company website, Marquette operates over 800 barges with a fleet of more than 50 line-haul vessels, over 60 inland towing vessels, and 9 offshore tugboats. The company operates on the Mississippi River, the Ohio River, the Illinois River, the Tennessee River, the Arkansas River, the Cumberland River, the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway, the Intracoastal Waterway (Brownsville, TX to St. Marks, FL), the Eastern Seaboard, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean.

Marquette operates in three divisions of marine transportation: River, Gulf-Inland, and Offshore Transportation. In addition to transportation services for dry, liquid, and specialty cargo, Marquette provides marine towing, dredge support, and oilfield services.

Cumberland River
The Cumberland River is a major waterway of the Southern United States. The 688-mile-long (1,107 km) river drains almost 18,000 square miles (47,000 km2) of southern Kentucky and north-central Tennessee. The river flows generally west from a source in the Appalachian Mountains to its confluence with the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky, and the mouth of the Tennessee River. Major tributaries include the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, and Red Rivers.

Although the Cumberland River basin is predominantly rural, there are also some large cities on the river, including Nashville and Clarksville, both in Tennessee.

The river system has been extensively altered for flood control. Major dams impound areas of both the main stem and many of its important tributaries.
Otto C. Neumeister
Otto C. Neumeister (June 5, 1866 – December 7, 1938) was an American businessman, pharmacist, and politician.

Born in Howards Grove, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, Neumeister studied at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. He was involved with the drug business in Howards Grove until 1910. He helped organized the Farmers and Merchant Bank of Sheboygan and the Sheboygan First Mortgage Loan and Investment Company in Sheboygan, Wisconsin. Neumeister served on the Sheboygan Board of Education and on the Sheboygan County Board of Supervisors. He was a Democrat. In 1915, Neumeister served in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Neumeister died in a hospital in Sheboygan, Wisconsin and was 72.

Sheboygan County, Wisconsin
Sheboygan County (/ʃɪˈbɔɪɡən/ ⓘ) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is named after the Sheboygan River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 118,034. Its county seat is Sheboygan. The county was created in 1836 and organized in 1846. At the time, it was located in the Wisconsin Territory. Sheboygan County comprises the Sheboygan, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area. Part of the Holyland region is located in northwestern Sheboygan County.
Matthew Baylis (epidemiologist)
Matthew Baylis is a British professor of epidemiology and vector biology. In 2005, after several years at the Institute for Animal Health , he was appointed Chair in Veterinary Epidemiology at the University of Liverpool. In 2007 he established the Liverpool University Climate and Infectious Diseases of Animals group (LUCINDA), and between 2010 and 2015 was head of the  Department of Epidemiology and Population Health in Liverpool University's Institute of Infection and Global Health. In 2021 he was appointed first director of then new The Pandemic Institute.

Pirbright Institute
The Pirbright Institute (formerly the Institute for Animal Health) is a research institute in Surrey, England, dedicated to the study of infectious diseases of farm animals. It forms part of the UK government's Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). The institute employs scientists, vets, PhD students, and operations staff.
Harry Rhodes
Harry Rhodes Jr. (October 20, 1922 – July 6, 2001), nicknamed "Lefty", was an American Negro league pitcher in the 1940s.

A native of McComb, Mississippi, Rhodes made his Negro leagues debut with the Chicago American Giants in 1940. After serving in the military during World War II, he returned to the Giants for the 1946 through 1950 seasons, and went on to play for the Carman Cardinals of the Mandak League in 1952 and 1953. Rhodes died in Chicago, Illinois in 2001 at age 78.

Mandak League
The Manitoba-Dakota League was an independent baseball league based in Manitoba and North Dakota that was founded in 1950. It became the home for many African-American and Latino players. The league lasted through the 1957 season. It was known informally as the Mandak League or Man-Dak League. The league originated as the Manitoba Senior Baseball League founded in 1948, with Jimmy Dunn as its president.

It was the outlet for former Negro leaguers to continue playing and entertaining fans, occupying fields with ex-major leaguers, minor league stars and some of the best Manitoba, North Dakota, and Minnesota born players. It featured such greats as Willie Wells, Leon Day, Ray Dandridge and Satchel Paige,  who pitched briefly for the Minot Mallards in 1950.
Ben Moore (curator)
Benjamin Neel Critchley Moore (born 25 May 1978) is a British art curator, entrepreneur and artist. He is the founder and curator of Art Below, a contemporary art organisation that places art in public places and has had shows in England, Germany, Japan and the United States. He is also the founder and curator of Art Wars, an exhibition of designs based on the Imperial Stormtrooper helmets from Star Wars. In 2021, Moore was part of the Art Wars NFT project which resulted in massive losses for the purchasers of the NFTs and claims of copyright theft from artists whose physical work was reproduced without their permission.

Hayden Kays
Hayden Kays (born 1985 in London) is a British artist. He is influenced by the pop art from the '50s, but has most ties with street art.
He often uses a typewriter (font) in his artworks.  He has sold art to celebrities such as Chris Martin, Harry Styles and Noel Fielding.

His works were collected in a monograph book in 2013, named Hayden Kays Is An Artist. (ISBN 978-0992726706)

In 2014, he made the cover art for rock bands The Kooks  and the Tribes (band).

Between 2012 and 2014 Kays illustrated an anecdotal column for London’s Ham&High Archived 15 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine, written by journalist Adam Sonin, based on English Heritage’s Blue Plaque scheme, called Behind Closed Doors Archived 7 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine.
Hedley Powell Jacobs
Hedley Powell Jacobs OBE (15 March 1904 – 10 October 1985) was an English journalist, historian, writer, and socialist, who emigrated to Jamaica and was one of the founders of the People's National Party in 1938.

People's National Party
The People's National Party (PNP) (Jamaican Patois: Piipl’s Nashinal Paati)  is a social democratic political party in Jamaica, founded in 1938 by Norman Washington Manley who served as party president until his death in 1969.  It holds 28 of the 63 seats in the House of Representatives, and 96 of the 227 local government divisions. The party is democratic socialist by constitution.

The party is a member of COPPPAL and a full member of Socialist International. From 1957-62, the party was a member of the West Indies Federal Labour Party in the Federal Parliament of the West Indies Federation.
Applied Energetics
Applied Energetics, Inc. (formerly Ionatron) is an American arms manufacturer. It develops directed-energy weapons, mainly electrolasers with a range of tens of meters.

Applied Energetics stock is publicly traded on the NASDAQ exchange. When still named Ionatron, it traded under the ticker symbol IOTN. In February 2008, the company name was changed to Applied Energetics with ticker symbol AERG.

Ticker symbol
A ticker symbol or stock symbol is an abbreviation used to uniquely identify publicly traded shares of a particular stock or security on a particular stock exchange. Ticker symbols are arrangements of symbols or characters (generally Latin letters or digits) which provide a shorthand for investors to refer to, purchase, and research securities. Some exchanges include ticker extensions, which encode additional information such as share class, bankruptcy status, or voting rights into the ticker.

The first ticker symbol was used in 1867, following the invention of the ticker tape machine by Edward Calahan. It was used to identify shares of the Union Pacific Railroad Company.
Malazhyn rural council
Malazhyn rural council  (Belarusian: Малажынскі сельсавет, Russian: Маложинский сельсовет) is a lower-level subdivision (selsoviet) of Brahin district, Gomel region, Belarus. Its capital is the agrotown of Malazhyn. According to the 2019 Belarus census, its population was 1,100.

Gomel region
Gomel region, also known as Gomel oblast or Homyel voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Gomel. The total area of the region is 40,400 square kilometres (15,600 sq mi). As of 2024, it had a population of 1,338,617.

Its largest settlements include Gomel, Mazyr, Zhlobin, Svyetlahorsk, Rechytsa, Kalinkavichy, Rahachow and Dobrush.

Both Gomel region and Mogilev region suffered severely from the Chernobyl disaster. Gomel Province borders the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in places, and parts of it have been designated as mandatory or voluntary resettlement areas as a result of the radioactive contamination.
Framber Valdez
Framber Valdez (born November 19, 1993) is a Dominican professional baseball pitcher for the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Houston Astros. Valdez signed with the Astros as an international free agent in 2015, and made his MLB debut in 2018.

Nicknamed "La Grasa" (Spanish for "grease" or "fat," affectionately used in Dominican culture to denote a very stylish person) for his fashion style, Valdez enjoyed a banner year in 2022.  That year, he became the Astros' Opening Day starter, an MLB All-Star, and an All-MLB First Team selection—each for the first time—while compiling an MLB record of 25 consecutive in-season quality starts. The Astros won that year's World Series, the first championship for Valdez, who was the winning pitcher in both Game 2 and the decisive Game 6.

Daikin Park
Daikin Park (originally Enron Field and formerly Astros Field and Minute Maid Park) is a retractable roof stadium in Houston, Texas, United States. It opened in 2000 and is the home ballpark of the Houston Astros of Major League Baseball (MLB). The ballpark has a seating capacity of 41,168, which includes 5,197 club seats and 63 luxury suites, with a natural grass playing field. It was built as a replacement for the Astrodome, the first domed baseball/football stadium, which opened in 1965.
ACM SIGLOG
ACM SIGLOG or SIGLOG is the Association for Computing Machinery Special Interest Group on Logic and Computation. It publishes a news magazine (SIGLOG News), and has the annual ACM–IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LICS) as its flagship conference. In addition, it publishes an online newsletter, the SIGLOG Monthly Bulletin (formerly the LICS Newsletter), and "maintains close ties" with the related academic journal ACM Transactions on Computational Logic.

The creation of this special interest group was suggested in 2007 by Moshe Vardi and Dana Scott, and Vardi was the primary author of a more detailed proposal for its creation. It was founded in 2014, with Prakash Panangaden as its founding chair, and with Andrzej Murawski as the founding editor of the newsletter.

Dana Scott
Dana Stewart Scott (born October 11, 1932) is an American logician who is the Hillman University Professor emeritus of Computer Science, Philosophy, and Mathematical Logic at Carnegie Mellon University. He is now retired and lives in Berkeley, California. He and Michael O. Rabin won the 1976 ACM Turing Award for their work on automata theory, while his collaborative work with Christopher Strachey in the 1970s laid the foundations of modern approaches to the semantics of programming languages. He has also worked on modal logic, topology, and category theory.
Blow forward
Blow forward is a firearm action where the propellant gas pressure and the friction of the bullet traveling down the bore drag the whole gun barrel forward to facilitate the opening of the breech.  This forward barrel motion provides most of the energy required to eject a spent cartridge case and chamber a fresh round of ammunition, and contains a minimum of moving parts, and thus is more compact than other operating mechanisms of equal barrel length.

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
Bryoamaride
Bryoamaride is a chemical compound isolated from certain plants, notably Bryonia dioica.  It can be seen as a derivative of the triterpene hydrocarbon cucurbitane (C30H54), more specifically from cucurbitacin L or 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin I.: 65

The derivative 25-O-acetylbryoamaride is found in Trichosanthes tricuspidata.: 66

Bryonia dioica
Bryonia dioica, known by the common names red bryony and white bryony, also English mandrake or ladies' seal, is a perennial climbing vine indigenous to Central and Southern Europe.  It is a flowering plant in the cucumber family Cucurbitaceae with five-pointed leaves and blue or white flowers.  The vine produces a red berry fruit.
Slana Roadhouse
The Slana Roadhouse, on Nabesna Road in Slana, Alaska, in the Copper River Census Area, is a historic site dating to 1928. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. The listing included four contributing buildings on 5 acres (2.0 ha).

The roadhouse building is a log building about 32 by 45 feet (9.8 m × 13.7 m) in dimension, and was built by homesteader Lawrence DeWitt in 1928 near the Slana River. The building replaced a smaller, older roadhouse building. The community of Slana grew around it, and, in 2004, included a post office, an elementary school, stores, and more with a population of 50–100.
It was deemed significant of one of few surviving pre-World War II roadside stops that used to be located about 30 miles apart on the Nabesna Road and other remote roadways in Alaska. The roadhouse operated from 1928 to 1953 when the Glenn Highway was relocated to about a mile away;  in 2004 it was a residence of Lawrence DeWitt's son.

Glenn Highway
The Glenn Highway (part of Alaska Route 1) is a highway in the U.S. state of Alaska, extending 179 miles (288 km) from Anchorage near Merrill Field to Glennallen on the Richardson Highway. The Tok Cut-Off is often considered part of the Glenn Highway, for a total length of 328 miles (528 km).