hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gor Mkhitarian
Gor Mkhitarian (Armenian: Գոռ Մխիթարյան; born in 1973 in Vanadzor, Armenia) is an Armenian singer and songwriter who started his musical career in Armenia. He immigrated to the United States and now is based in Los Angeles. In Armenia, he started with the rock formation Lav Eli. He developed his solo career starting in 2001 with a number of albums in various genres including pop, rock, and folk music. He sings both in English and Armenian.

Vanadzor
Vanadzor (Armenian: Վանաձոր, IPA: [vɑnɑˈd͡zɔɾ]) is an urban municipal community and the third-largest city in Armenia, serving as the capital of Lori Province in the northern part of the country. It is located about 128 kilometres (80 miles) north of the capital Yerevan. As of the 2011 census, the city had a population of 86,199, down from 148,876 reported at the 1979 official census. Currently, the town has a population of approximately 75,186 as of the 2022 census. Vanadzor is the seat of the Diocese of Gougark of the Armenian Apostolic Church.
Lithuania at the Paralympics
Lithuania, following its independence from the Soviet Union, made its Paralympic Games début at the 1992 Summer Paralympics in Barcelona, with a delegation of four athletes in track and field. This first delegation was notably successful, with all four athletes winning at least one medal, and female runner Sigita Kriaučiūnienė sweeping up four medals (three silver and a bronze). Kriaučiūnienė was also part of Lithuania's two person delegation for its first participation in the Winter Paralympics, in 1994. Lithuania has taken part in every subsequent edition of the Summer Paralympics, but has not returned to the Winter Games since 1994.

Sigita Markevičienė
Sigita Markevičienė (née Kriaučiūninė, born 6 May 1962) is a Lithuanian Paralympic athlete who competed in middle-distance running events at international track and field competitions. She is a six-time Paralympic medalist and a former world record holder in the 1500m B1 and 5000m B1. Markevičienė lost her sight in 1986 following a car accident.
Asper (surname)
Asper is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aemilius Asper, 1st or 2nd century Latin grammarian

Gaius Julius Asper, Ancient Roman politician of the 2nd and 3rd centuries CE

David Asper, Vice-president of CanWest Global Communications Corp.

Frank W. Asper (1892–1973), Latter-day Saint composer and Mormon Tabernacle organist.

Gail Asper, President of the CanWest Global Foundation and managing director and secretary of The Asper Foundation

Hans Asper (1499–1571), Swiss painter

Izzy Asper (1932–2003), Canadian media magnate

Leonard Asper, President and CEO of CanWest Global Communications Corp.

Linda Asper, Manitoba politician

Mattias Asper, Swedish football goalkeeper

Linda Asper
Linda Asper (born 1 December 1943) is a politician in Manitoba, Canada.  She joined the Liberal Party and then later returned to the New Democratic Party during the 1990s.  She was a member of the Manitoba legislature from 1999 to 2003.
Way Down in the Jungle Room
Way Down in the Jungle Room is a compilation album by American singer Elvis Presley. It was released on August 5, 2016, by RCA Records and Legacy Recordings. The album features master recordings and outtakes from two recording sessions on February 2–8, 1976, and October 28–30, 1976, in the Jungle Room, a recording studio set up by Elvis in the den of Graceland in Memphis, Tennessee. The first disc, subtitled The Masters, features material from these sessions that were later released on From Elvis Presley Boulevard, Memphis, Tennessee (1976), and the subsequent final studio album, Moody Blue (1977). The second disc, The Outtakes, features outtakes and "in-the-studio dialog" newly mixed by Matt Ross-Spang at the Sam Phillips Recording Studio.

Phillips Recording
Phillips Recording Service is the short name widely used to refer to the Sam C. Phillips Recording Studio established in 1960 by Sun Records and Memphis Recording Service founder Sam Phillips at 639 Madison Avenue in Memphis, Tennessee to replace the older, smaller Memphis Recording Service studio.
Kizawa
Kizawa (written: 木沢, 木澤 or 鬼沢) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Masanori Kizawa (木澤 正徳, born 1969), Japanese footballer

Minoru Kizawa (鬼沢 稔), Japanese astronomer

Kizawa Nagamasa (木沢 長政), Japanese daimyō

Minoru Kizawa
Minoru Kizawa (鬼沢 稔, Kizawa Minoru; born 1947) is a Japanese astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

Between 1986 and 1991, he has discovered or co-discovered 16 of asteroids at the Nihondaira Observatory in Shimizu, Japan. He is credited as sole discoverer of (6178) 1986 DA, a 3-kilometer near-Earth object belonging to the group of Amor asteroids. His co-discoverers were the Japanese astronomers Takeshi Urata, Watari Kakei and Hitoshi Shiozawa (see adjunct table).
Gröben (Ludwigsfelde)
Gröben has been a district of the town of Ludwigsfelde in the district of Teltow-Fläming in Brandenburg since 31 December 1997. The village, with a population of 349 and an area of 6.91 km² (as of 31 December 2023), is particularly significant for its history, cultural landscape, village church, and the oldest church register in the Mark Brandenburg. The intact cultural landscape of the Nuthe-Nieplitz Nature Park, located just outside Berlin, led to new economic goals after German reunification with the introduction of tourist attractions. The Gröbener Kietz is one of the few remaining original medieval Kietze.

Gerhard von Scharnhorst
Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst (12 November 1755 – 28 June 1813) was a Hanoverian-born general in Prussian service from 1801. As the first Chief of the Prussian General Staff, he was noted for his military theories, his reforms of the Prussian army, and his leadership during the Napoleonic Wars. Scharnhorst limited the use of corporal punishments, established promotion for merit, abolished the enrollment of foreigners, began the organization of a reserve army, and organized and simplified the military administration.
Cable and X-Force
Cable and X-Force was an ongoing comic book series published by Marvel Comics that began in February 2013, as part of Marvel NOW! The series finds Cable awakening after Avengers vs. X-Men and on the run with his new team of X-Force from the Uncanny Avengers. The series was replaced by X-Force Volume 4.

Forge (character)
Forge is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, most commonly in association with the X-Men. A mutant with an unsurpassed brilliance in technology, he has had a lengthy career as a government weapons contractor. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist John Romita Jr., Forge first appeared in The Uncanny X-Men #184 (August 1984).

Forge shared a romantic relationship with Storm and a brief affair with Mystique, which led him to associate with the X-Men and thus enhancing the technology at the X-Mansion. He was also a member of X-Factor.
Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy
The Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy is awarded once a year by the Inamori Foundation for lifetime achievements in the arts and philosophy. The Prize is one of three Kyoto Prize categories; the others are the Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology and the Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences. The first Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy was awarded to Olivier Messiaen in 1985, the "greatest composer to have emerged from 20th century France". The Prize is widely regarded as the most prestigious award available in fields not traditionally honored with a Nobel Prize.

Inamori Foundation
The Inamori Foundation is a private foundation known for its annual announcement of the Kyoto Prize, founded by Kazuo Inamori in 1984. It reflects "the lifelong beliefs of its founder that people have no higher calling than to strive for the greater good of humankind and society and that the future of humanity can be assured only when there is a balance between scientific development and the enrichment of the human spirit." It has an endowment of 114.5 billion yen as of March 31, 2019. The honorary president of the foundation is Princess Takamado.
Fabio Sacchi
Fabio Sacchi (born 23 May 1974 in Milan) is an Italian former professional road bicycle racer who raced for the Team Polti, Saeco, Fassa Bortolo, Team Milram and Preti Mangimi teams.

His name was on the list of doping tests published by the French Senate on 24 July 2013 that were collected during the 1998 Tour de France and found positive for EPO when retested in 2004.

Saeco (cycling team)
Saeco was the name of an Italian road bicycle racing team, sponsored by the company with the same name. They rode on Cannondale bicycles.

The company did not prolong the sponsorship for 2005, and the team was merged with the Lampre team, forming Lampre–Caffita, sponsored by Caffita.
Ersun Yanal
Kazım Ersun Yanal (Turkish pronunciation: [eɾˈsun ˈjanaɫ], born 17 December 1961) is a Turkish football manager and former player. His style has always been attacking football doubled up with tactics unprecedented in Turkish football. He enjoys a very respectable place amongst Turkish coaches although having only won a single title.

Football in Turkey
Football is the most popular sport in Turkey, followed by basketball, tracing its roots to the Ottoman Empire. Approximately three-quarters of the Turkish people are interested in football.

The first matches were played in Ottoman Salonica in 1875. The sport was introduced by English residents. The Turkish football league system comprises five professional leagues, one of which is dedicated to female athletes.
Makenzie Weale
Makenzie Weale (born 26 June 2002) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who currently plays for the North Queensland Cowboys in the NRL Women's Premiership.

A second-row or lock, she previously played for the Newcastle Knights.

North Queensland Cowboys Women
The North Queensland Cowboys Women is an Australian professional rugby league football club based in Townsville, the largest city in North Queensland. They compete in Australia's premier women's rugby league competition, the NRL Women's Premiership (NRLW).
The North Atlantic Squadron (song)
"The North Atlantic Squadron" is an obscene drinking song associated with Canadian sailors and other groups of (primarily) men. It has a large number of traditional verses, mostly of the kind that rhyme "whore" with "Labrador", and is easily provided with new ones to suit the occasion. It is thought to have originated in the Royal Canadian Navy as the "Old Destroyer Squadron" during the First World War, although one source says the "squadron" referred to is "probably the 10th Bomber Reconnaissance Squadron" of the Royal Canadian Air Force. In any case it does not refer to the former North Atlantic Squadron of the United States Navy.

In 1975, Stompin' Tom Connors released a sanitized version on his album The North Atlantic Squadron And Other Favourites.

North Atlantic Squadron
The North Atlantic Squadron was a section of the United States Navy operating in the North Atlantic. It was renamed as the North Atlantic Fleet in 1902. In 1905 the European and South Atlantic squadrons were abolished and absorbed into the North Atlantic Fleet. On 1 January 1906, the Navy's Atlantic Fleet was established by combining the North Atlantic Fleet with the South Atlantic Squadron.
Vanzo
Vanzo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alain Vanzo (1928–2002), French opera singer and composer

Anna Kriebel Vanzo (1881–1926), Norwegian opera singer

Dorino Vanzo (born 1950), Italian racing cyclist

Fred Vanzo (1916–1976), American football player

Gregg Vanzo (born 1961), American animator

Julio Vanzo (1901–1984), Argentine artist

Anna Kriebel Vanzo
Anna Kriebel Vanzo (1886–1926) was a Norwegian operatic soprano who from 1880 sang opera in Livorno, Lucca and Milan. In 1991, she married the conductor of La Scala, Vittorio Maria Vanzo. She returned to Italy in the 1890s where she sang to wide acclaim at the coronation of Haakon VII in 1906.
Latécoère 380
The Latécoère 380 was a flying boat aircraft designed and produced by the French aircraft manufacturer Latécoère. It was designed for use on Aéropostale's mail routes to South America, the aircraft subsequently saw military service as a maritime patrol aircraft.

The Latécoère 380 was a largely conventional flying boat design, being a parasol-wing monoplane equipped with sponsons set either side of the hull. It was powered by a pair of Hispano-Suiza 12Ydrs engines installed in a tandem push-pull paired arrangement. During September 1931, the first aircraft was used to set six world seaplane records, including three speed-with-load-over-distance records and a closed circuit distance-with-load record of 2,208 km (1,372 mi). A second mail plane was constructed soon afterwards, while a further three military-orientated flying boats, designated Latécoère 381,  followed in 1934.

Maritime patrol aircraft
A maritime patrol aircraft (MPA), also known as a patrol aircraft, maritime reconnaissance aircraft, maritime surveillance aircraft, or by the older American term patrol bomber, is a fixed-wing aircraft designed to operate for long durations over water in maritime patrol roles — in particular anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-ship warfare (AShW), and search and rescue (SAR).

In addition to dedicated airframes, mid-size and large business jets have been modified for MPA missions, offering rapid deployment, extended range, long endurance, and lower life-cycle costs.

Among other maritime surveillance resources, such as satellites, ships, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and helicopters, the MPA is an important asset. To perform ASW operations, MPAs typically carry air-deployable sonar buoys as well as torpedoes and are usually capable of extended flight at low altitudes.
Trailia
Trailia is a genus of fungi in the family Halosphaeriaceae.

The genus was circumscribed by Georg Kenneth Sutherland in Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. vol.5 (1) on page 149 in 1915 and also New Phytologist vol.14 on page 193 in 1915.

The genus name of Trailia is in honour of James William Helenus Trail FRS FLS (1851–1919), who was a Scottish botanist who served as Professor of Botany at Aberdeen University from 1877 to 1919.

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
Gadzhimurad Rashidov
Gadzhimurad Gazigandovich Rashidov (Russian: Гаджимурад Газигандович Рашидов, IPA: [ɡəd͡ʐʐɨmʊˈrat rɐˈʂɨdəf], Dargin: Гъазиганла урши ХӀяжимурад; born 30 October 1995) is a Russian freestyle wrestler who competes at 65 kilograms. He is the 2019 World Champion (finalist in 2017 and 2018) and the 2020 and three-time Russian National Champion. 2020 Summer Olympics bronze medalist at 65 kg.

Nicknamed the All-American killer, Rashidov holds an undefeated 5–0 record against American wrestlers, who combined have earned 19 All-American honors and 10 NCAA Division I National titles. He also holds wins over 11 different World and Olympic champions.

2018 World Wrestling Championships – Men's freestyle 61 kg
The men's freestyle 61 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2018 World Wrestling Championships, and was held in Budapest, Hungary on 20 and 21 October.

This freestyle wrestling competition consists of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists face off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who loses to one of the two finalists moves into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.

Yowlys Bonne from Cuba won the gold medal.
The In Crowd (1988 film)
The In Crowd is a 1988 American teen drama film directed by Mark Rosenthal and written by Rosenthal and his long-time writing partner Lawrence Konner.  The period piece set in the 1960s features music of the era, including "Land of a Thousand Dances" and the instrumental "Cast Your Fate to the Wind" by Vince Guaraldi.

Land of a Thousand Dances
"Land of a Thousand Dances" or "Land of 1000 Dances" is a song written and first recorded by the American rhythm and blues singer Chris Kenner in 1962. It later became a bigger hit in versions by Cannibal & the Headhunters and Wilson Pickett. A version by Thee Midniters reached number 27 in Canada on March 22, 1965.

The song references a number of dance styles including the Twist, the Alligator, the Mashed Potato, the Watusi and the Pony.
Shoulder problems
Shoulder problems, including pain, are one of the more common reasons for physician visits for musculoskeletal symptoms. The shoulder is the most movable joint in the body.  However, it is an unstable joint because of the range of motion allowed. This instability increases the likelihood of joint injury, often leading to a degenerative process in which tissues break down and no longer function well.

Shoulder pain may be localized or may be referred to areas around the shoulder or down the arm. Other regions within the body (such as gallbladder, liver, or heart disease, or disease of the cervical spine of the neck) also may generate pain that the brain may interpret as arising from the shoulder.

Humerus
The humerus (/ˈhjuːmərəs/; pl.: humeri) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. The humeral upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes (tubercles, sometimes called tuberosities). The shaft is cylindrical in its upper portion, and more prismatic below. The lower extremity consists of 2 epicondyles, 2 processes (trochlea and capitulum), and 3 fossae (radial fossa, coronoid fossa, and olecranon fossa). As well as its true anatomical neck, the constriction below the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus is referred to as its surgical neck due to its tendency to fracture, thus often becoming the focus of surgeons.
229th (South Saskatchewan) Battalion, CEF
The 229th Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War.  Based in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, the unit began recruiting in early 1916 in southern Saskatchewan.  After sailing to England in April 1917, the battalion was absorbed into the 19th Reserve Battalion on May 10, 1917.  The 229th Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. H. D. Pickett.

Canadian Expeditionary Force
The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF; French: Corps expéditionnaire canadien) was the expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed on August 15, 1914, following Britain’s declaration of war on the German Empire, with an initial strength of one infantry division. The division subsequently fought at Ypres on the Western Front, with a newly raised second division reinforcing the committed units to form the Canadian Corps. The CEF and corps was eventually expanded to four infantry divisions, which were all committed to the fighting in France and Belgium along the Western Front. A fifth division was partially raised in 1917, but was broken up in 1918 and used as reinforcements following heavy casualties.
Red Hill Pass (Colorado)
Red Hill Pass (el. 9,993  ft. ) is a high mountain pass in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado in the United States.

The pass is located in the foothills of the Mosquito Range at the northern end of South Park in Park County. Though unlabeled at the summit, it is identified by signs from both directions at the bottom. True to its name, red hills flank both sides of the summit and the inclines, especially on the south side. It is traversed by U.S. Highway 285 approximately 6 mi (10 km) northeast of the town of Fairplay,  The pass is easily traversable by most motor vehicles and rarely closes in the winter.

Park County, Colorado
Park County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,390. The county seat and largest incorporated town is Fairplay, while the unincorporated community of Bailey is the largest settlement overall. The county was named after the large geographic region known as South Park, which was named by early fur traders and trappers in the area. Park County is included in the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. A majority of the county lies within the boundaries of the South Park National Heritage Area.
Real net output ratio
The Real Net Output Ratio (or Vertical Range of Manufacture) is a term commonly used by German economists and infrequently used in wider Europe, and globally. It is used as a measure of vertical integration, though typically limited to a business, rather than across a group of associated companies or a nation. The term was first popularized outside Germany in Hermann Simon's 1996 publication, Hidden champions: lessons from 500 of the world's best unknown companies.

In a value chain, the Real Net Output Ratio is the fraction of the internal (company specific) production on the total production value of one company. The total production value of a company consists of internal production plus the sum of externally produced goods and services.

A Real Net Output Ratio of 0% relates to a company that does not have its own production and therefore only does trading.

Goods and services
Goods are items that are usually (but not always) tangible, such as pens or pears. Services are activities provided by other people, such as teachers or barbers. Taken together, it is the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services which underpins all economic activity and trade. According to economic theory, consumption of goods and services is assumed to provide utility (satisfaction) to the consumer or end-user, although businesses also consume goods and services in the course of producing their own.
1919 Chester-le-Street by-election
The 1919 Chester-le-Street by-election was held on 13 November 1919.  The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Labour Member of Parliament (MP), John Wilkinson Taylor.  It was won by the Labour candidate Jack Lawson.

John Wilkinson Taylor (politician)
John Wilkinson Taylor (11 August 1855 – 26 June 1934) was a British Labour Party politician.

Taylor began working at the age of nine, and three years later began an apprenticeship as a blacksmith.  This enabled him to find work above ground at Dipton Colliery, and he became active in the Durham Colliery Mechanics' Association, eventually becoming its secretary.  He also served on the County Durham Mining Federated Board, and as president of the Durham Ages Mineworkers' Homes Association.

Taylor was elected as member of parliament for Chester-le-Street at the 1906 general election, and held the seat until he resigned in 1919 due to ill-health.