hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Drew Graham
Drew Graham (born 1961) is an American politician from Kentucky who was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1993 to 1999. Graham was first elected in 1992 after defeating incumbent representative Paul Richardson in the May primary election. He did not seek reelection in 1998, instead successfully running for Judge/Executive of Clark County.

Clark County, Kentucky
Clark County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,972. Its county seat is Winchester. The county was created in 1792 from Bourbon and Fayette counties and is named for Revolutionary War hero George Rogers Clark. Clark County is part of the Lexington-Fayette, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area.
December 1992 Serbian local elections
Local elections were held in cities and municipalities across Serbia on 20 December 1992, with a second round of voting taking place on 3 January 1993. The local elections were held concurrently with parliamentary elections in Yugoslavia, presidential and parliamentary elections in Serbia, and elections for the Vojvodina provincial assembly.

The elections were held under a two-round system of voting in single-member constituencies.

The elections resulted in a victory for the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS) in most jurisdictions, including the capital Belgrade. The Democratic Fellowship of Vojvodina Hungarians (VMDK) was successful in Serbia's predominantly Hungarian communities.

This was the second local election cycle to take place while Serbia was a member of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and it occurred against the backdrop of ongoing wars in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Reformists of Vojvodina
Reformists of Vojvodina (Serbian: Реформисти Војводине, romanized: Reformisti Vojvodine) is a social-democratic and regionalist political party in Serbia, mostly active in the autonomous province of Vojvodina.
2009 BWF World Championships – Mixed doubles
The 2009 BWF World Championships was the 17th tournament of the World Badminton Championships. It was held at the Gachibowli Indoor Stadium in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, from 10 to 16 August 2009. Following the results of the mixed doubles.

G. M. C. Balayogi Indoor Stadium
G. M. C. Balayogi Indoor Stadium is an indoor arena located in Hyderabad, India. It holds 5,000 people. It is located in the Gachibowli suburb. The stadium was built in 2002 headed by N. Chandrababu Naidu Government to host the 2003 Afro-Asian games. The indoor stadium is located beside the Hyderabad International Institute of Information Technology, near the general area of G.M.C Balayogi Athletic Stadium.
San Rafael Block
The San Rafael Block or San Rafael Massif (Spanish: Bloque de San Rafael or Macizo de San Rafael) is an uplifted area in central Mendoza Province, Argentina. The San Rafael Block is both a geographic and a tectonic unit. From a tectonostratigraphic view, some geologists consider it an exposure of the Cuyania (Precordillera) terrane being its southern extension. The San Rafael Block crops out 200 kilometres (120 mi) to the south of the other exposures of Cuyania. The San Rafael Block forms the northeastern boundary of the Neuquén Basin.

Precordillera
Precordillera is a Spanish geographical term for hills and mountains lying before a greater range, similar to foothills. The term is derived from cordillera (mountain range)—literally "pre-mountain range"—and applied usually to the Andes.

Some places usually called precordillera are:

Andean mountains east of the main ranges of Andes in Argentina. It is separated from the much higher Frontal Cordillera to the west by Uspallata Valley in Argentina. Precordillera mountains reach around 3,000 m a.s.l. in Sierras de Villavicencio.

Used all over Chile from north to south as a morphological unit lying just between the Andes and the Intermediate Depression.
Masako Ogawa
Masako Ogawa (小川 正子, Ogawa Masako; March 26, 1902 – April 29, 1943) was a Japanese medical doctor who worked at the Nagashima Aiseien Sanatorium. She wrote a book, "Spring in a small island" in 1938, about her experiences in persuading leprosy patients in remote areas of Japan into hospitalization. It created a sensation in Japan, and was made into a film.  She was criticized for accelerating the "No leprosy patients in prefecture" movement and giving an impression that leprosy is to be feared.

Nagashima Aiseien Sanatorium
The Nagashima Aiseien Sanatorium (国立療養所長島愛生園), or the National Sanatorium Nagashima Aiseien, is a sanatorium on the island of Nagashima in Setouchi, Okayama, Japan founded in 1930 for the treatment of leprosy. Currently, only former leprosy patients reside there.
R v George
R v George, 1960 S.C.R. 871 is a leading Supreme Court of Canada on different degrees of mens rea. The accused was acquitted for a specific intent offence of robbery as he was too intoxicated at the time. However, he was convicted of the general intent offence of assault.

Justice Fauteux famously described the distinction between general and specific intent offences:

In considering the question of mens rea, a distinction is to be made between (i) intention as applied to acts considered in relation to their purposes and (ii) intention as applied to acts considered apart from their purposes. A general intent attending the commission of an act is, in some cases, the only intent required to constitute the crime while, in others, there must be, in addition to that general intent, a specific intent attending the purpose for the commission of the act.

Intention (criminal law)
In criminal law, intent is a subjective state of mind (mens rea) that must accompany the acts of certain crimes to constitute a violation. A more formal, generally synonymous legal term is scienter: intent or knowledge of wrongdoing.
Adrian Harbidge
Adrian Guy Harbidge (born 10 November 1948) was an Archdeacon in the Diocese of Winchester in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

Harbidge was educated at Marling School; Durham University; and Cuddesdon Theological College, Cuddesdon. After an earlier career as a Purser in the Merchant Navy he was ordained Deacon in 1975, and Priest in 1976. He was a Curate at Romsey Abbey from  1975 to 1980 then Vicar of St Andrew,  Bournemouth until 1986. He was the incumbent at Chandler's Ford from 1986 to 1999; and Rural Dean of Eastleigh from 1993 to 1999. He became Archdeacon of Winchester in 1999; and then (a change of title but not of job) of Bournemouth in 2000. In 2010 he became Rector of Seale, Puttenham and Wanborough (in Guildford Diocese) before retiring at the end of 2016.

Marling School
Marling School is a grammar school with academy status for boys, with a co-educational Sixth Form, located in Stroud, Gloucestershire, England. It is on the Cainscross Road, the main route out of Stroud towards the M5, and is situated next to the girls' grammar school, Stroud High School, with which it shares some facilities.
Angiolina Bosio
Angiolina Bosio (22 August 1830 - 12 April 1859) was an Italian operatic soprano who had a major international career from 1846 until her premature death in 1859 at the age of 29. She sang at the most important opera houses in Boston, Havana, London, Madrid, Moscow, New York, Paris, Philadelphia, Saint Petersburg, and Verona. She was particularly admired for her performances in operas by Giuseppe Verdi.

Her voice, although of limited volume, was exceptionally extended and flexible, capable of a large and touching phrasing. Angiolina Bosio was compared by contemporary critics to other famous sopranos, such as Maria Malibran and Henriette Sontag.

Opera house
An opera house is a theater building used for performances of opera. Like many theaters, it usually includes a stage, an orchestra pit, audience seating, backstage facilities for costumes and building sets, as well as offices for the institution's administration.

While some venues are constructed specifically for operas, other opera houses are part of larger performing arts centers. Indeed, the term opera house is often used as a term of prestige for any large performing arts center.
Benjamín Sagahón
Benjamín Sagahón Medina (born 14 January 1960) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) who previously belonged to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

He served as municipal president of Matlapa, San Luis Potosí, from 1997 to 2000.

In the 2003 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the PRI 
to represent San Luis Potosí's 7th district during the 
59th session of Congress. On 16 January 2006 he declared himself an independent "in order to give his full support to Andrés Manuel López Obrador in his campaign for the 2006 presidential election".

LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LIX Legislature (59th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 2003 to August 2006. All members of the lower house (Chamber of Deputies) were elected in the elections of July 2003 while members of the upper house (Senate) were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Kissell
Kissell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George Kissell (1920–2008), American baseball player and coach

John Kissell (1923–1992), American football defensive tackle

Larry Kissell (born 1951), U.S. Representative for North Carolina

Rylan Kissell (born 2002), American sport shooter

Rylan Kissell
Rylan William Kissell (/ˈraɪlən ˈkɪsəl/ RYE-lən KISS-əl; born May 13, 2002) is an American sport shooter. He won the gold medal in mixed pairs air rifle at the 2023 Pan American Games along with Mary Tucker.
Lomsko shose Metro Station
Lomsko shose Metro Station (Bulgarian: Метростанция "Ломско шосе") is a station on the Sofia Metro in Sofia, Bulgaria. It opened on 31 August 2012. Bulgaria's Prime Minister Boyko Borisov and the President of the European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso inaugurated the new section of the Sofia Metro, which was largely funded with European Union financing.

José Manuel Barroso
José Manuel Durão Barroso (European Portuguese: [ʒuˈzɛ mɐˈnwɛl duˈɾɐ̃w bɐˈʁozu]; born 23 March 1956) is a Portuguese politician and law professor. He served as the prime minister of Portugal from 2002 to 2004 and as the president of the European Commission from 2004 to 2014.

He has been one of the revolving door cases at the EU, which received the most media attention because only two months after the cooling off period, Barroso accepted a position as "senior adviser" and "non-executive chairman" of Goldman Sachs International and became subject of an ethics inquiry.
Betfair Australia
Betfair Australia is a gambling company founded in 2004. It operates the largest online betting exchange in Oceania and offers additional products including sports betting, online casino, online poker, and online bingo. The company is headquartered in Melbourne. In August 2014, Betfair Australia was acquired by Crown Resorts for AU$20m.

Betting exchange
A betting exchange is a marketplace for customers to bet on the outcome of discrete events. Betting exchanges offer the same opportunities to bet as a bookmaker with a few differences. Gamblers can buy (also known as "back") and sell (also known as "lay") the outcome, and they can trade in real-time throughout the event, either to cut their losses or lock in profit. Bookmaker operators generate revenue by offering less efficient odds. Betting exchanges normally generate revenue by charging a small commission on winning bets.
1766 Istanbul earthquake
The 1766 Istanbul earthquake was a strong earthquake with epicenter in the eastern part of the Sea of Marmara, in the Çınarcık Basin (or near the Princes' Islands, north of the basin) which occurred in the early hours of Thursday morning, 22 May 1766. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 7.1 on the surface-wave magnitude scale, and caused effects in a vast area extending from Izmit to Rodosto (now Tekirdağ). In this area, the earthquake was followed by a tsunami which caused significant damage. The earthquake of 1766 was the last major earthquake to rock Istanbul because of a rupture of the North Anatolian Fault in the Marmara region.

Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.
Queen Anne Masonic Lodge
Queen Anne Masonic Lodge is one of the oldest buildings on top of Queen Anne Hill in Seattle, Washington. The building was originally constructed to be the Garfield telephone exchange in the early 1900s, and is directly across the street from the Queen Anne Library. The building was bought in 1924 by Queen Anne Lodge #242 of the Grand Lodge of Washington, at which time the building received its present name, in honor of the branch of the fraternity it housed.

From 1924 to 2018, it was used by Queen Anne Lodge, and was open to the public as an event space.  As of 2024, the building is a renovated historic landmark with residential units.

Queen Anne, Seattle
Queen Anne is a neighborhood in northwestern Seattle, Washington. Queen Anne covers an area of 2.8 square miles (7.3 km2), and has a population of about 34,000.  It is bordered by Belltown to the south, Lake Union to the east, the Lake Washington Ship Canal to the north and Interbay to the west.

The neighborhood is built on a hill, now named Queen Anne Hill, which became a popular spot for the city's early economic and cultural elite to build their mansions. Its name is derived from the Queen Anne architectural style in which many of the early homes were built.
Graeme Turner
Graeme Turner AO FAHA (1947 – 25 November 2025) was an Australian professor of cultural studies and an Emeritus Professor at the University of Queensland. During his institutional academic career, he was a Federation Fellow, a president of the Australian Academy of the Humanities, a founding director of the Centre for Critical and Cultural Studies at the University of Queensland, and convenor of the Australian Reseach Council Cultural Research Network. Turner was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2019 Queen's Birthday Honours for services to education.

Federation Fellowship
Federation Fellowships are Australian professorial research fellowships that were instigated by the Australian Government as part of its Backing Australia's Ability initiative. They were initially designed to compete with prestigious overseas grants in an attempt to lure back high-profile Australian researchers from foreign institutions. The first round of Fellowships in 2001 were awarded to 15 researchers, 6 of whom were working overseas at the time.

New funding to the scheme ceased in 2008, with existing fellowships continuing as before. It was replaced by the Australian Laureate Fellowships.
Aparan
Aparan (Armenian: Ապարան [ɑpɑˈɾɑn], colloquially [ɑbɑˈɾɑn]) is a town in the Aparan Municipality of the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia, about 50 kilometers northwest of the capital Yerevan. As of the 2011 census, the population of the town was 6,451. As per the 2016 official estimate, Aparan had a population of around 5,300. As of the 2022 census, the population of the town was 5,803.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Nakhchivan
The Catholic Archdiocese of Nakhchivan (also known as Diocese of Naxivan, - of Nakhtchevan, or of Nachitschewan; Latin Name: Archidioecesis Naxivansa) was a Latin Catholic diocese in Azerbaijan, located in the city of Nakhchivan, in modern-day Azerbaijan. In 1847, it was suppressed.

The last remains of its ancient cathedral of All Saints in the episcopal see were destroyed in the 1845 earthquake.
The World Tonight
The World Tonight is a British current affairs radio programme broadcast on BBC Radio 4, every weekday evening, which started out as an extension of the 10 pm news. It is produced by BBC News and features news, analysis and comment on domestic and world issues. James Coomarasamy is the main presenter, usually presenting the first three days of the week.

In the past, the programme utilised other BBC broadcasters, including David Eades, Carolyn Quinn, Roger Hearing to regularly present on Thursdays and Fridays. The programme was presented on Mondays, Tuesdays and Wednesdays by Ritula Shah until 27 February 2023. Between 1989 and 2012, the main presenter was Robin Lustig.

John Tusa
Sir John Tusa (born 2 March 1936) is a British arts administrator, and radio and television journalist. He is co-chairman of the European Union Youth Orchestra from 2014. chairman, British Architecture Trust Board, RIBA, from 2014. From 1980 to 1986, he was a main presenter of BBC2's Newsnight. From 1986 to 1993, he was managing director of the BBC World Service. From 1995 to 2007, he was managing director of the City of London's Barbican Arts Centre.
1978 Bavarian state election
Alfons Goppel (CSU) had already announced before the election that he would not run for another term as Bavarian Minister-President after 16 years of service. The CSU chairman Franz Josef Strauss, the then economic and fiscal spokesman of the CDU/CSU faction in the Bundestag, therefore took over the top candidacy and thus ran to be Goppel's successor.

Helmut Rothemund, who took over the state presidency of Hans-Jochen Vogel in 1977, was the first member of the SPD.

After the election, the CSU formed a government under the leadership of Strauss.

Franz Josef Strauss
Franz Josef Strauss (German: Strauß [fʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈʃtʁaʊs]; 6 September 1915 – 3 October 1988) was a German politician. He was the long-time chairman of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) from 1961 until 1988, member of the federal cabinet in different positions between 1953 and 1969 and minister-president of Bavaria from 1978 until 1988. Strauss is also credited as a co-founder of European aerospace conglomerate Airbus.

After the 1969 federal elections, West Germany's CDU/CSU alliance found itself out of power for the first time since the founding of the Federal Republic. At this time, Strauss became more identified with the regional politics of Bavaria. While he ran for the chancellorship as the candidate of the CDU/CSU in 1980, for the rest of his life Strauss never again held federal office. From 1978 until his death in 1988, he was the head of the Bavarian government. His last two decades were marked by a fierce rivalry with CDU chairman Helmut Kohl.
Metamedia
The term metamedia, coined by Alan Kay and Adele Goldberg, refers to new relationships between form and content in the development of new technologies and new media.

In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the term was taken up by writers such as Douglas Rushkoff and Lev Manovich. Contemporary metamedia, such as at Stanford, has been expanded to describe, "a short circuit between the academy, the art studio and information science exploring media and their archaeological materiality." Metamedia utilizes new media and focuses on collaboration across traditional fields of study, melding everything from  improvisational theatre and performance art, to agile, adaptive software development and smart mobs.

Smart mob
A smart mob is a group whose coordination and communication abilities have been empowered by digital communication technologies. Smart mobs are particularly known for their ability to mobilize quickly.

The concept was introduced by Howard Rheingold in his 2002 book Smart Mobs: The Next Social Revolution. Rheingold defined the smart mob as follows: "Smart mobs consist of people who are able to act in concert even if they don’t know each other... because they carry devices that possess both communication and computing capabilities". In December of that year, the "smart mob" concept was highlighted in the New York Times "Year in Ideas".
Tom Oliphant (racing driver)
Thomas Christy Oliphant (born 21 August 1990 in Tarporley, Cheshire) is a British racing driver.

Oliphant currently competes in TCR Australia for HMO Customer Racing.

Oliphant won the 2015 Ginetta GT4 Supercup title, is a two-time race winner in the British Touring Car Championship, has taken podium finishes in the Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain and was a title contender in the Porsche GT3 Cup Challenge Middle East.

Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain
The Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain is a multi-event one-make motor racing series that takes place in the United Kingdom for the Porsche 911 GT3. Being the fastest and most successful single marque GT championship in the UK, the Carrera Cup is now entering its nineteenth season. With over 30.000 visitors attending the majority of the races and approximately 370.000 visitors over the duration of the season, the championship is fully integrated in the international Porsche Motorsport program. Notable drivers in the championship have been two-time Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup winner Richard Westbrook and Supercup race winner Damien Faulkner.

The series is currently shown live on ITV4 as part of the channel's coverage of BTCC race days.
Gradient conjecture
In mathematics, the gradient conjecture, due to René Thom (1989), was proved in 2000 by three Polish mathematicians, Krzysztof Kurdyka (University of Savoie, France), Tadeusz Mostowski (Warsaw University, Poland) and Adam Parusiński (University of Angers, France).

The conjecture states that given a real-valued analytic function f defined on Rn and a trajectory x(t) of the gradient vector field of f having a limit point x0 ∈ Rn, where f has an isolated critical point at x0, there exists a limit (in the projective space PRn−1) for the secant lines from x(t) to x0, as t tends to zero.

The proof depends on a theorem due to Stanisław Łojasiewicz.

Analytic function
In mathematics, an analytic function is a function that is locally given by a convergent power series. There exist both real analytic functions and complex analytic functions. Functions of each type are infinitely differentiable, but complex analytic functions exhibit properties that do not generally hold for real analytic functions.

A function is analytic if and only if for every  in its domain, its Taylor series about  converges to the function in some neighborhood of ⁠⁠. This is stronger than merely being infinitely differentiable at ⁠⁠, and therefore having a well-defined Taylor series; the Fabius function is an example of a function that is infinitely differentiable but not analytic.
2019 New South Wales Labor Party leadership election
An election for the leadership of the New South Wales branch of the Australian Labor Party was held between 7 and 29 June 2019. The election was triggered by the resignation of Leader Michael Daley on 25 March 2019. The election was a combined vote by the party membership and the Labor members of the Parliament of New South Wales, with each component weighted equally. The party members were sent their ballots on 7 June and had until 21 June to return them, while the parliamentary caucus met on 29 June to cast their votes.

On 29 June, Jodi McKay was announced as the victor of the contest, winning 60.5% of the combined vote.

Anthony D'Adam
Anthony Gerard Damien D'Adam is an Australian politician. He has been a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council since 2019, representing the Australian Labor Party.

D'Adam was a Labor Party branch secretary in the Auburn electorate and was a former campaign manager for Luke Foley during his campaign for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Auburn. He is a member of the NSW Left faction and a prominent advocate for Palestine within the Australian Labor Party.