hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galtung (noble family)
The Galtung family was a Norwegian noble family dating from the ennoblement of Lauritz Galtung in 1648. However, when he was ennobled, documents indicated the family descended from an older noble family, the Galte family. This led to both Hardanger families being referenced as Galtungs in history books.

A male-lineage connection between the two families has not been identified. A female-line bridging  them was long proposed until that too was debunked in 1950, by professor Lars Hamre's discovery of the Torsnes' family lineage in Copenhagen archives. The lineage stated that the younger Galtungs were descendants of Sigurd Guttormsson at Torsnes, not Sigurd Gautsson Galte at Hatteberg as previously claimed.

Hardangerfjord
The Hardangerfjord (English: Hardanger Fjord) is the fifth longest fjord in the world and the second longest fjord in Norway. It is located in the Hardanger region of Vestland county in western Norway. The fjord stretches 180 kilometres (110 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean into the mountainous interior of Norway along the Hardangervidda plateau. The innermost point of the fjord reaches the town of Odda.
Dan Holowaychuk
Dan Holowaychuk (born September 22, 1962) is a Canadian curler from St. Albert, Alberta.

He is a three-time World Men's champion (2002, 2003, 2005) and a four-time Tim Hortons Brier champion (2001, 2002, 2003, 2005) as the alternate on the legendary "Ferbey Four" team.

As of 2002, he was employed as a business development manager. Earlier in his career he was a salesman for Catelli pasta.

2003 Nokia Brier
The 2003 Nokia Brier, the Canadian men's curling championship, was held from March 1 to 9 at the Halifax Metro Centre in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The defending champion, Randy Ferbey and his team from Alberta were the winners, winning their third Brier in a row. At the Worlds they went on to represent Canada and win the gold medal.

The event was the second and final Brier to be boycotted by many of the top teams in the country, such as Kevin Martin, Glenn Howard, Wayne Middaugh and Jeff Stoughton, who were protesting a lack of prize money. The boycott ended in September.
Coston Fen, Runhall
Coston Fen, Runhall is a 7.1-hectare (18-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest between Dereham and Wymondham in Norfolk, England. It is part of the Norfolk Valley Fens Special Area of Conservation.

This spring-fed site in the Yare valley has a variety of fen habitats, including a nationally rare calcareous mire community of fen flora. There are also areas of tall herbs, scrub and improved pasture.

The site is private land with no public access.

Special Area of Conservation
A special area of conservation (SAC) is defined in the European Union's Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), also known as the Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora. They are to protect the 220 habitats and approximately 1,000 species listed in annex I and II of the directive which are considered to be of European interest following criteria given in the directive. They must be chosen from the sites of Community importance by the member states and designated SAC by an act assuring the conservation measures of the natural habitat.

SACs complement special protection areas and together form a network of protected sites across the European Union called Natura 2000.  This, in turn, is part of the Emerald network of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) under the Berne Convention.
2013 Conference League South
The 2013 Conference League South was the first season under the new name. Founded in 2013 as a result of the restructuring of the game below the professional level. The Rugby League Conference which was broken up in 2011 was replaced for one season in 2012 by the National Conference League Division 3 which was placed under the banner of the National Conference League which had moved from winter to summer. Bristol Sonics, St Albans Centurions and Nottingham Outlaws moved across from National Conference League Division 3. The top two from Midlands Rugby League Premier Division, Northampton Demons as champions and Leicester Storm as runners-up moved up and a new club Sheffield Hallam Eagles, a joint venture set up by Sheffield Eagles and Sheffield Hallam University made up the 6 team competition. The teams would play each other three times during the regular season with the top four contesting the play-offs. The season ran from April to August

St Albans Centurions
The St Albans Centurions are a rugby league club based in St Albans, Hertfordshire. The club plays their home games at Toulmin Drive, St Albans and their clubhouse is in High Oaks, St Albans.

Founded in 1996, they first played in various local leagues and the Rugby League Conference, and then, from 2003 to 2006, in National League 3. From 2007 to 2011, they played in the Rugby League Conference South Premier Division. 2007 & 2010 also saw the club win the 'Triple', the League Championship, the Southern Premiership Grand Final and the National Grand Final.  In 2012 the club was invited to take part in the 'experimental' National Conference League Division Three, a one-season only trial by the RFL and NCL to see how amateur clubs cope with travelling all over England and Wales to play their games. As a result, in the 2012 experiment, 2013 saw the Centurions play for one season in the newly set up Conference League South. 2015 sees The Cents playing in the East Rugby League.
Ford Falcon (XB)
The Ford Falcon (XB) is a full-size car that was produced by Ford Australia from 1973 to 1976. It was the second iteration of the third generation of the Falcon and also included the Ford Fairmont (XB), the luxury-oriented version.

Full-size car
Full-size car, also known as large car, is a vehicle size class which originated in the United States and is used for cars larger than mid-size cars. It is the largest size class for cars. In the United Kingdom, this class is referred to as the executive car, while in Europe, it is known as E-segment or F-segment.
McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company
The McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company was a large-scale wartime ship manufacturing shipyard, located at the city of Riverside, near Duluth. McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding was at 110 Spring Street, Duluth, Minnesota, now the site of the West Duluth's Spirit Lake Marina. The shipyard was located on St. Louis River Estuary at western part of Lake Superior. McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company was founded by Alexander McDougall (1845–1923) in 1917 to build ships for World War I. McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company and the Superior Shipbuilding Company (now Fraser Shipyards) were called the Twin Ports shipbuilding industry of Minnesota and Wisconsin. Once built the ships can travel to the Atlantic Ocean through the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence Seaway.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
San Diego Creek bicycle path
The San Diego Creek bicycle path is a cycling route in the city of Irvine, California. The path connects major points such as Newport Beach, University of California, Irvine, Boomers Irvine, Colonel Bill Barber Park, Irvine Civic Center, Irvine Crossroads shopping center, Woodbridge High School, Woodbridge Community Park, Atria Senior Residential Area, Windrow Community Park and Irvine Medical Complex, before reaching Irvine Spectrum Center. It also runs through the majority of Irvine's neighborhoods such as Westpark, Woodbridge, and Oak Creek. The path begins where the San Diego Creek empties into Upper Newport Bay.

Woodbridge High School (Irvine, California)
Woodbridge High School (WHS) is a public high school located in Irvine, California, United States, serving grades 9–12. Woodbridge is in the Irvine Unified School District. Founded in 1980, it has an approximate enrollment of 2,400 students. The school is located in the neighborhood of the same name.

Greg Cops was the founding principal and retired in 2002.

The current administrative staff as of 2025 includes principal Linzi Gorzycki.

Woodbridge has had many improvements and renovations. A recent example is the new Aquatic Center which contains a 50 meter by 25 yard swimming pool, portable bleachers, restroom facilities and locker rooms. A new theater and a new synthetic track and turf field has also been constructed as of May 2021.

Of note, the 1989 movie Gleaming the Cube starring Christian Slater was filmed partially at Woodbridge High School.
Shangri-La Speedway
Shangri-La Speedway was a half-mile (0.8 km) oval race track in Owego, New York.  The facility also included an eighth-mile (0.2 km) drag strip and a tenth-mile oval track for microds (a type of wooden-bodied go-kart raced in many clubs in upstate New York).  Its formal name was changed to Shangri-La Motor Speedway (in use from 1979 to 1991) and to Tioga Motorsports Park (in use from 1992 to 2005), but most racers and fans still referred to it as "Shangri-La".

Go-kart
A go-kart, also written as go-cart (often referred to as simply a kart), is a type of small four-wheeled vehicle, often an open-wheel car or a quadricycle. Go-karts come many shapes and forms, from non-motorised models to high-performance racing karts and electric-powered models.

Art Ingels created the first motorised go-kart in Los Angeles in 1956.
Church of the Good Shepherd (Cullen, New York)
Church of the Good Shepherd is a historic Episcopal, rural family chapel at Cullen in Herkimer County, New York.  It was built in 1892 and consists of a rectangular nave with gable ends and a separate square tower connected by a hyphen.  The wood-frame structure with horizontal sheathing is on a foundation of rough cut stone.  It features Gothic details.  It was built by Dunham J. Crain for his family estate "Cullenwood."

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Herkimer County, New York
Herkimer County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 60,139. Its county seat is Herkimer. The county was created in 1791 north of the Mohawk River out of part of Montgomery County. It is named after General Nicholas Herkimer, who died from battle wounds in 1777 after taking part in the Battle of Oriskany during the Revolutionary War. The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.

Herkimer County is part of the Utica–Rome Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Rhododendron makinoi
Rhododendron makinoi, the Makino rhododendron, is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae that is native to Japan. It is a compact evergreen shrub growing to 2.5 m (8.2 ft) tall and broad, with woolly young shoots and long narrow curved leaves, heavily felted brown on the reverse. The flowers, borne in trusses in spring, are bell-shaped, deep pink in bud and opening pale pink, with red spots on the interior.

In cultivation in the UK Rhododendron makinoi has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It is hardy down to −15 °C (5 °F) but requires a sheltered spot in dappled shade, and an acid soil enriched with leaf mould.

Leaf mold
Leaf mold (spelled leaf mould outside of the United States) is the compost produced by decomposition of shaded deciduous shrub and tree leaves, primarily by fungal breakdown in a slower, cooler manner as opposed to the bacterial degradation of leaves.
Osterrieth Range
Osterrieth Range (64°40′S 63°15′W﻿ / ﻿64.667°S 63.250°W﻿ / -64.667; -63.250) is a mountain range extending in a NE-SW direction along the southeast coast of Anvers Island, in the Palmer Archipelago. Discovered by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, and named by him for Mme. Ernest Osterrieth, née Léonie Mols, a patron of the expedition.

Belgian Antarctic Expedition
The Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–1899 was the first expedition to winter in the Antarctic region. Led by Adrien de Gerlache de Gomery aboard the RV Belgica, it was the first Belgian Antarctic expedition and is considered the first expedition of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Among its members were Frederick Cook and Roald Amundsen, explorers who would later attempt the respective conquests of the North and South Poles.
Cross-country skiing at the 2026 Winter Olympics – Men's 50 kilometre classical
The men's 50 kilometre classical competition in cross-country skiing at the 2026 Winter Olympics was held on 21 February, at the Cross country and biathlon center Fabio Canal in Tesero. The Norwegians swept the podium. Johannes Høsflot Klæbo won the event, thereby becoming the first cross-country skier who won all six events at the same Olympics. It was his 11th Olympic gold medal and 13th overall. Martin Løwstrøm Nyenget won silver and Emil Iversen bronze. For Iversen, this was the first individual Olympic medal.

Cross-country skiing at the 2026 Winter Olympics
Cross-country skiing at the 2026 Winter Olympics was held at the Cross country and biathlon center Fabio Canal in Tesero, Italy.

A total of 12 events were contested, six each for men and women. For the first time, women  raced the same distances as men.
Backward chaining
Backward chaining (or backward reasoning) is an inference method described colloquially as working backward from the goal. It is used in automated theorem provers, inference engines, proof assistants, and other artificial intelligence applications.

In game theory, researchers apply it to (simpler) subgames to find a solution to the game, in a process called backward induction. In chess, it is called retrograde analysis, and it is used to generate table bases for chess endgames for computer chess.

Backward chaining is implemented in logic programming by SLD resolution. Both rules are based on the modus ponens inference rule. It is one of the two most commonly used methods of reasoning with inference rules and logical implications – the other is forward chaining. Backward chaining systems usually employ a depth-first search strategy, e.g. Prolog.

Automated theorem proving
Automated theorem proving (also known as ATP or automated deduction) is a subfield of automated reasoning and mathematical logic dealing with proving mathematical theorems by computer programs. Automated reasoning over mathematical proof was a major motivating factor for the development of computer science.
Flat Woods, Tennessee
Flat Woods (also Flatwoods or Flatwoods Junction, formerly Whitaker's Bluff) is an unincorporated community in Perry County, Tennessee, United States. Originally known as Whitaker's Bluff, the name was changed to Flatwoods in 1871.  It lies along State Route 13 south of the town of Linden, the county seat of Perry County.  Its elevation is 676 feet (206 m).

The Dr. Richard Calvin Bromley House or Bromley Hotel in Flat Woods is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built between 1909 and 1911, it housed the residence and medical office of Dr. Richard Bromley, and was later enlarged to provide accommodations for hunters and other travelers.

In 1957, filming for the movie Natchez Trace took place in Flat Woods. The film was a fictional account of the life of John Murrell, a bandit and slave trader who operated in the region in the early 1800s, and is now believed lost.

Tennessee State Route 13
State Route 13 (SR 13), in the United States, is a south–north route from the Alabama border in Wayne County to the Kentucky border in Montgomery County. The entire route is located in western Middle Tennessee.

For the majority of its length, SR 13 is designated as a primary highway, except between Erin and Cunningham, which is designated as a secondary highway.
Barbora Palicová
Barbora Palicová (Czech pronunciation: [ˈbarbora ˈpalɪtsovaː]; born 11 March 2004) is a Czech tennis player. She has a career-high WTA ranking of 171 in singles, achieved on 16 June 2025.

Palicová made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2021 Prague Open, where she received a wildcard into the doubles tournament. She made her singles main-draw debut at the 2022 Prague Open, losing in the first round to Lucie Havlíčková. Given a wildcard entry into the 2025 Prague Open, Palicová defeated Priscilla Hon for her first WTA Tour main-draw win, before losing to Jessika Ponchet in the second round.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.
Lewis Roberts (naturalist)
Lewis Roberts, OAM, (born 1950) is a distinguished naturalist and botanical illustrator. Lewis and his brother, Charlie Roberts, are probably the leading experts on the flora and fauna of south-eastern part Cape York Peninsula and the northern Wet Tropics area. For three generations his family has lived at Shipton's Flat, about 45 km south of Cooktown, where he and Charlie were home-schooled. His father, Jack Lewis, was a tin miner and self-taught naturalist.

Miner
A miner is a person who extracts ore, coal, chalk, clay, or other minerals from the earth through mining. There are two senses in which the term is used. In its narrowest sense, a miner is someone who works at the rock face; cutting, blasting, or otherwise working and removing the rock. In a broader sense, a "miner" is anyone working within a mine, not just a worker at the rock face.

Cave-ins, explosions, toxic air, and extreme temperatures are some of the most dangerous mining accidents. The overall long-term health effects of underground mining conditions is also a hazard. In some countries, miners lack social guarantees and in case of injury may be left to cope without assistance.

In regions with a long mining tradition, many communities have developed cultural traditions and aspects specific to the various regions, in the forms of particular equipment, symbolism, music, and the like.
2013 Italian local elections
The 2013 Italian local elections were held on different dates; most on  26–27 May, with a second round on 9–10 June. In Italy, direct elections were held in 720 municipalities: in each municipality (comune) were chosen mayor and members of the City Council. Of the 720 municipalities, 20 were provincial capitals and only 171 had a population higher than 15,000 inhabitants (10,000 for Sicily).

In Friuli-Venezia Giulia the elections were held on 21–22 April with a second ballot on 5–6 May; all of 13 municipalities of the region voted for a new mayor and a new City Council concurrently with the Regional elections.

In Sicily the elections were held on 9–10 June with a second ballot on 23–24 June.

There weren't provincial elections around Italy because of their abolition (also in Sicily, since 2012), except for Friuli-Venezia Giulia: in this region citizens elected a new president and a new Provincial Council in Province of Udine.

Province of Udine
The province of Udine (Italian: provincia di Udine; Friulian: provincie di Udin; Slovene: Videmska pokrajina; Resian: Vydänskä provinčjä; German: Provinz Weiden) was a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy, bordering Austria and Slovenia, with the capital in the city of Udine. Abolished on 30 September 2017, it was reestablished in 2019 as the Regional Decentralization Entity of Udine (Italian: ente di decentramento regionale di Udine; Friulian: ent di decentrament regjonâl di Udin; Slovene: enota deželne decentralizacije Videm), and was reactivated on 1 July 2020. It has a population of 516,323 over an area of 4,969.30 square kilometres (1,918.66 mi2) across its 134 municipalities.
Urban Assault
Urban Assault is a 3D combined first-person shooter and real-time strategy computer game developed by the German company TerraTools and published by Microsoft in the year 1998.

It was the third strategy title that was directly published by Microsoft Game Studios. The player creates and commands groups of tanks and aircraft, and can also take direct control of one vehicle at a time. Over the course of the game one can acquire upgrades and new vehicles.

Northern Europe
The northern region of Europe has several definitions. A restrictive definition may describe northern Europe as being roughly north of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, which is about 54°N, or may be based on other geographical factors such as climate and ecology.
Le Claux
Le Claux (French pronunciation: [lə klo]; Occitan: Lo Claus) is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France. It is located in Auvergne, in the department of Cantal.

It is located in the Massif central, specifically in the monts du Cantal. Because of its location in between the mountains, snowfall is heavy, which has given it the nickname of "village de Neige" (French for "village of snow").

Cantal
Cantal (French pronunciation: [kɑ̃tal] ⓘ; Occitan: Cantal or Cantau) is a rural department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France, with its prefecture in Aurillac. Its other principal towns are Saint-Flour (the episcopal see) and Mauriac; its residents are known as Cantalians (French: Cantaliens / Cantaliennes or Cantalous / Cantaloues). Cantal borders the departments of Puy-de-Dôme, Haute-Loire, Aveyron, Lot, Lozère and Corrèze, in the Massif Central natural region.

Along with neighbouring Lozère and Creuse, Cantal is among the most sparsely populated and geographically isolated departments of France and Aurillac is the departmental capital farthest removed from a major motorway. It had a population of 144,692 in 2019, making it the country's 98th most populated department. Of the 96 metropolitan departments, it is the fifth least populated.
Hajdú-Bihar County 6th constituency
The 6th constituency of Hajdú-Bihar County (Hungarian: Hajdú-Bihar megyei 06. számú országgyűlési egyéni választókerület) is one of the single member constituencies of the National Assembly, the national legislature of Hungary. The constituency standard abbreviation: Hajdú-Bihar 06. OEVK.

Since 2014, it has been represented by István Tiba of the Fidesz–KDNP party alliance.

Fidesz–KDNP
Fidesz–KDNP Party Alliance (Hungarian: Fidesz–KDNP pártszövetség), formerly also known as the Alliance of Hungarian Solidarity (Hungarian: Magyar Szolidaritás Szövetsége), is a right-wing national conservative political alliance of two political parties in Hungary, the Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance (Fidesz) and the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP). The two parties jointly contested every national election since the 2006 parliamentary election. The Fidesz–KDNP party alliance has governed Hungary since 2010, altogether obtaining a supermajority in each of the 2010, 2014, 2018, and 2022 national elections.
Brocky Peak
Brocky Peak, at 11,839 feet (3,609 m) above sea level, is the sixth highest peak in the Pioneer Mountains of Idaho. The peak is located on the border of Sawtooth National Forest and Salmon-Challis Forest, as well as Blaine and Custer counties. It is the 23rd highest peak in Idaho.

Custer County, Idaho
Custer County is a rural mountain county in the center of the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,275, making it the fifth-least populous county in Idaho. The county seat is Challis. Established in 1881, the county was named for the General Custer Mine, where gold was discovered five years earlier. Custer County relies on ranching, mining, and tourism as its main resources.