hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ron LeFlore
Ronald LeFlore (born June 16, 1948) is an American former Major League Baseball center fielder. He played six seasons with the Detroit Tigers before being traded to the Montreal Expos. LeFlore retired with the Chicago White Sox in 1982. He stole 455 bases in his career and was an American League All-Star selection in 1976.

A movie and book were made about LeFlore's rise to the major leagues after being an inmate at the Jackson State Penitentiary. One in a Million: The Ron LeFlore Story was a made-for-television movie starring LeVar Burton that aired on CBS in 1978. LeFlore is the cousin of former MLB outfielder Todd Steverson.

Tiger Stadium (Detroit)
Tiger Stadium, previously known as Navin Field and  Briggs Stadium, was a multi-use stadium located in the Corktown neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan, United States. The stadium was nicknamed "The Corner" for its location at the intersection of Michigan and Trumbull Avenues. It hosted the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1912 to 1999, as well as the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL) from 1938 to 1939, 1941 to 1974. Tiger Stadium was declared a State of Michigan Historic Site in 1975 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

The last Tigers game at the stadium was held on September 27, 1999. In the decade after the Tigers vacated the stadium, several rejected redevelopment and preservation efforts finally gave way to the stadium's demolition, which was completed on September 21, 2009. The former playing field remained until 2018, when the site was redeveloped for youth sports as the Corner Ballpark.
Iryna Kozhemyakina
Iryna Kozhemyakina (Ukrainian: Ірина Кожемякіна, born 16 June 1980) is a Ukrainian sprinter who specializes in the 100 metres.

In individual competition she competed at the 2003 World Indoor Championships and the 2004 World Indoor Championships without reaching the final. In the 4 x 100 metres relay she finished fifth at the 2002 European Championships. She also competed at the 2004 Olympic Games and the 2005 World Championships without reaching the final.

Her personal best times are 7.16 seconds in the 60 metres (indoor), achieved in January 2004 in Zaporizhzhia; and 11.39 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in June 2004 in Kharkiv.

2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 10th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) were held in the Budapest Arena, Hungary between March 5 and March 7, 2004. A total off 139 countries were represented by 677 athletes at the championships.

It was the second visit of the championships to Budapest having previously visited there 15 years earlier in 1989. The newly built 13,000 capacity arena was built on the site of a former stadium that was destroyed by fire in 1999.

This was the last World Indoor Championships where the 200 m event was contested. The event was discontinued as the tight bends involved in running indoors left athletes drawn to run on the inside lanes with minimal or no chance of winning.
Peppermint pig
A peppermint pig is a hard candy made with sugar and peppermint, which are poured into a pig-shaped mold. The candy originated in the town of Saratoga Springs, New York, but is popular across the United States.

The production of the candy, as well as the traditions associated with it, were born in Saratoga Springs during the nineteenth century. Production is often cited as beginning in the 1880s and slowing to a halt during World War II. In 1988, a local confectioner in Saratoga Springs began producing the candy once more, and continues to do so to this day. An 8 ounce peppermint pig is sold in a velvet bag along with a metal hammer, and tradition dictates that the pig is to be smashed inside of the bag using the hammer at Christmas dinner. Each person at the table takes a turn with the hammer and eats a piece of the candy, which is said to bring good fortune for the upcoming year.

Peppermint
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is a hybrid species of mint, a cross between watermint and spearmint. Indigenous to Europe and the Middle East, the plant is now widely spread and cultivated in many regions of the world. It is occasionally found in the wild with its parent species.

Although the genus Mentha comprises more than 25 species, the one in most common use is peppermint. While Western peppermint is derived from Mentha ×  piperita, Chinese peppermint, or bohe, is derived from the fresh leaves of M. haplocalyx. M. ×  piperita and M. haplocalyx are both recognised as plant sources of menthol and menthone, and are among the oldest herbs used for both culinary and medicinal products.
Speech or Debate Clause
The Speech or Debate Clause is a clause in the United States Constitution (Article I, Section 6, Clause 1). The clause states that "The Senators and Representatives" of Congress "shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony, and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their attendance at the Session of their Respective Houses, and in going to and from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place."

The intended purpose is to prevent a U.S. President or other officials of the executive branch from having members arrested on a pretext to prevent them from voting a certain way or otherwise taking actions with which the president might disagree. It also protects members from civil suits related to their official duties.

A similar clause in many state constitutions protects members of state legislatures. Legislators elsewhere in the world are often similarly protected under the doctrine of parliamentary immunity.

State legislature (United States)
In the United States,  the state legislature is the legislative branch in each of the 50 U.S. states.

A legislature generally performs state duties for a state in the same way that the United States Congress performs national duties at the national level. Generally, the same system of checks and balances that exists at the federal level also exists between the state legislature,  the state executive officer (governor) and the state judiciary.

In 27 states, the legislature is called the legislature or the state legislature, while in 19 states the legislature is called the general assembly. In Massachusetts and New Hampshire, the legislature is called the general court, while North Dakota and Oregon designate the legislature the legislative assembly.
Pariolius maldonadoi
Pariolius maldonadoi is a species of three-barbeled catfish found in the small creeks and tributaries of the Upper Orinoco and Negro Rivers in Colombia.

This species grows to a length of 3.2 centimetres (1.3 in) SL, and inhabits sand and gravel bottoms of creeks of relatively fast flowing water as well as sluggish waters of the same streams where aquatic vegetation is lacking.

It feeds mainly on Trichoptera larvae.

Rio Negro (Amazon)
The Rio Negro (Spanish: Río Negro [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo] "Black River"), or Guainía as it is known in its upper part, is the largest left tributary of the Amazon River (accounting for about 14% of the water in the Amazon basin), the largest blackwater river in the world, and one of the world's ten largest rivers by average discharge. It originates in the tepuis of the department of Guainía, Colombia, and then flows southeastward before finally entering Brazil. Despite its high flow, the Rio Negro has a low sediment load (5.76 million tonnes per year on average in Manaus).
Islamic Movement
Islamic Movement can refer to Islam or Islamism in general, or to any of several religious or political organizations:

Islamic Movement of Afghanistan

National Islamic Movement of Afghanistan

Students Islamic Movement of India

Movement of 15 Khordad, AKA Islamic Movement of Iran

Islamic Movement in Israel

Islamic Movement of Bangladesh

Islamic Movement of Kurdistan

Islamic Movement (Nigeria)

Islamic Movement of Tajikistan

East Turkestan Islamic Movement

Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan

Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

"Global Islamic Movement", see Institute of Contemporary Islamic Thought

Islamic Movement in Israel
The Islamic Movement in Israel (Arabic: الحركة الإسلامية في إسرائيل; Hebrew: התנועה האסלאמית), also known as the Islamic Movement in '48 Palestine (Arabic: الحركة الإسلامية في فلسطين 48), is an Islamist movement that advocates for Islam in Israel, particularly among Arabs and Circassians.

The movement was established and led by Abdullah Nimar Darwish from 1971 to 1991, when he was replaced by Ibrahim Sarsur. In 1996 the movement decided to participate in the Israeli parliamentary elections for the first time in history. The decision was controversial. Opponents of the participation—based in Umm al-Fahm—branched off and were named the "Northern Branch" while the supporters—based in Kfar Qasim—were named the "Southern Branch". The Southern Branch is considered more moderate, and the Northern Branch more radical. The Northern Branch was banned by the Israeli government in November 2015 due to alleged ties with Hamas and the Muslim Brotherhood.
Andy Ahmad
Andy Ahmad is a Singaporean footballer who plays for Woodlands Wellington FC, primarily in the Prime League as a midfielder.

Andy began his career with Woodlands Wellington in 2010, before he transferred to Gombak United for the 2011 S.League season. In 2012, he returned to Woodlands where he made 8 substitute appearances.

Gombak United FC
Gombak United Football Club was a professional football club based in Bukit Gombak, Singapore that last competed in the top tier of the Singapore football league system. The club took part in the S.League from 1998 to 2002, and from 2006 to 2012. During the early years of the S. League, Gombak United played their home games at Bukit Gombak Stadium. They have won the Singapore League Cup once.
Erasmoneura vulnerata
Erasmoneura vulnerata is a species of leafhopper native to North America. The species was found to be in Europe in 2004 where it causes significant economic damage to grapevine yards.  E. vulnerata is commonly found on wild and cultivated grapes from both continents. Its Latin name translates to "wounded Erasmoneura" from its original description.

Typhlocybinae
Typhlocybinae is a subfamily of insects in the leafhopper family, Cicadellidae. This is currently the second largest leafhopper subfamily based on the number of described species, but researchers believe there are so many taxa yet undescribed that it is probably the largest subfamily. Approximately 6000 species have been described thus  far.

Typhlocybinae belongs to the second-largest subfamily of leafhoppers, with >6,000 described extant species placed in ~300 genera and five tribes.

Many species of the subfamily Typhlocybinae are major pests of crops, such as cotton, grape, and eggplant, by direct or indirect damage (Oman, 1949, Vidano, 1962, Nielson, 1968, Zhang, 1990, Qin and Zhang, 2008).
Ginzburg criterion
Mean field theory gives sensible results as long as one is able to neglect fluctuations in the system under consideration.

If  is the order parameter of the system, then mean field theory requires that the fluctuations in the order parameter are much smaller than the actual value of the order parameter near the critical point.

Quantitatively, this means that:

The Ginzburg criterion is a restatement of this inequality through measurable quantities, such as the magnetic susceptibility in the Ising model.

It also gives the idea of an
upper critical dimension, a dimensionality of the system above which mean field theory gives proper results, and the critical exponents predicted by mean field theory match exactly with those obtained by numerical methods.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand
Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand (AFAANZ) is a professional not-for-profit association founded in 1960 with the current name established in 2002 as an amalgamation of the Accounting Association of Australia and New Zealand (AAANZ) and the Australian Association of University Teachers in Accounting (AAUTA). The organization represents the interests of people in Australia and New Zealand who are involved in education of accounting and finance.

According to AFAANZ, it runs events such as conferences, doctoral symposiums, and forums on the study of finance and accounting. AFAANZ also stated that it publishes a journal that aims to promote public information and research related to accounting and finance and on its grant programme. AFAANZ claims that the association has over 850 members.

Academic conference
An academic conference or scientific conference (also congress, symposium, workshop, or meeting) is an event for researchers (not necessarily academics) to present and discuss their scholarly work. Together with academic or scientific journals and preprint archives, conferences provide an important channel for exchange of information between researchers. Further benefits of participating in academic conferences include learning effects in terms of presentation skills and "academic habitus", receiving feedback from peers for one's own research, the possibility to engage in informal communication with peers about work opportunities and collaborations, and getting an overview of current research in one or more disciplines.

The first international academic conferences and congresses appeared in 19th century.
Hausdorff completion
In algebra, the Hausdorff completion  of a group G with filtration  is the inverse limit  of the discrete group .  A basic example is a profinite completion.  The image of the canonical map  is a Hausdorff topological group and its kernel is the intersection of all : i.e., the closure of the identity element.  The canonical homomorphism  is an isomorphism, where  is a graded module associated to the filtration.

The concept is named after Felix Hausdorff.

Hausdorff space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, a Hausdorff space (/ˈhaʊsdɔːrf/ HOWSS-dorf, /ˈhaʊzdɔːrf/ HOWZ-dorf), T2 space or separated space, is a topological space where distinct points have disjoint neighbourhoods.  Of the many separation axioms that can be imposed on a topological space, the "Hausdorff condition" (T2) is the most frequently used and discussed. It implies the uniqueness of limits of sequences, nets, and filters.

Hausdorff spaces are named after Felix Hausdorff, one of the founders of topology. Hausdorff's original definition of a topological space (in 1914) included the Hausdorff condition as an axiom.
Kingston, Kentucky
Kingston is an unincorporated community located in Madison County, Kentucky, United States. The community is part of the Richmond–Berea Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located at the junction of US Route 421, Kentucky Route 499 and Kentucky Route 3376. Kingston is also home to Kingston Elementary School

Berea, Kentucky
Berea (/bəˈriːə/ bə-REE-ə) is a home rule-class city in Madison County, Kentucky, in the United States. The city is best known for its art festivals, historic restaurants and buildings, and as the home to Berea College, a private liberal arts college. The population was 15,539 at the 2020 census. It is one of the fastest-growing cities in Kentucky, having increased by 27.4% since 2000. Berea is a principal city of the Richmond−Berea Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Madison and Rockcastle counties. It was formally incorporated by the state assembly in 1890.
Maelor South
Maelor South (Welsh: De Maelor) is a community in the area of Maelor Saesneg, Wrexham County Borough, Wales. It contains the villages of Penley and Bettisfield along with a number of other small hamlets and is represented by the Maelor South Community Council. At the time of the 2001 census, the community area had a total population of 1,137 people, increasing to 1,268 at the 2011 Census.

Until 1974 the area was part of the Maelor Rural District, an administrative division of Flintshire abolished under the terms of the Local Government Act 1972. The community of Maelor South, created under the same legislation, corresponded to the Rural District's former civil parishes of Penley and Bettisfield.

Penley
Penley (Welsh: Llannerch Banna) is a village in the County Borough of Wrexham, in Wales close to the border with Shropshire, England, and had a population of 606 as of the 2011 census.

The village was, until 1974, in an exclave of the ancient county of Flintshire known as Maelor Saesneg. (English: "English Maelor"), sometimes called "Flintshire Detached", which was administered from Overton-on-Dee.  Between 1974 and 1996, Penley was in the short-lived county of Clwyd.

Penley lies on the path of the long-distance walk, the Maelor Way.
IBM Blueworks Live
IBM Blueworks Live is a business process modeller, belonging under the set of IBM SmartCloud applications.
The application is designed to help organizations discover and document their business processes, business decisions and policies in a collaborative manner. It is designed to be simple and intuitive to use, while still having the capabilities to implement more complex models. Blueworks Live adheres to the BPMN 2.0 standard developed and maintained by BPMN.org.

Authentication
Authentication (from Greek: αὐθεντικός authentikos, "real, genuine", from αὐθέντης authentes, "author") is the act of proving an assertion, such as the identity of a computer system user. In contrast with identification, the act of indicating a person or thing's identity, authentication is the process of verifying that identity.

Authentication is relevant to multiple fields. In art, antiques, and anthropology, a common problem is verifying that a given artifact was produced by a certain person, or in a certain place (i.e. to assert that it is not counterfeit), or in a given period of history (e.g. by determining the age via carbon dating). In computer science, verifying a user's identity is often required to allow access to confidential data or systems. It might involve validating personal identity documents.
Antopol, Łódź Voivodeship
Antopol [anˈtɔpɔl] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kodrąb, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) east of Radomsko and 78 km (48 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko County
Radomsko County (Polish: powiat radomszczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Radomsko, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Przedbórz, lying 31 km (19 mi) east of Radomsko, and Kamieńsk, 16 km (10 mi) north of Radomsko.

The county covers an area of 1,442.78 square kilometres (557.1 sq mi). As of 2006, it had a population of 118,856, out of which the population of Radomsko was 49,152, that of Przedbórz was 3,758, that of Kamieńsk was 2,858, and the rural population was 63,088.
Anthony McHenry
Anthony Duane McHenry (born April 16, 1983) is an American professional basketball player who plays for Japan's B.League side Shinshu Brave Warriors.

The 6 ft 8 in (201 cm) forward who was born in Birmingham, Alabama and graduated from Georgia Tech in August 2008, previously played for Leicester Riders in the British Basketball League (2005–2006) and the Fort Worth Flyers in the NBA Development League before signing for the Ryukyu Golden Kings in 2008. He took a Graduate assistant job at his alma mater, Georgia Tech in the 2007–08 season.

B.League
The B.League is a men's professional basketball league in Japan. The league is operated by the Japan Professional Basketball League and was formed as a result of a merger between the National Basketball League that was operated by the FIBA-affiliated Japan Basketball Association and the independently operated bj league. The merger had been mandated by FIBA as a condition to Japan having its membership resumed following suspension in November 2014. The league began play in September 2016.
Khanom chan
Khanom chan (Thai: ขนมชั้น, pronounced [kʰānǒm t͡ɕʰán]) is an ancient Thai khanom, or dessert, made of tapioca flour, rice flour, and coconut milk, among other ingredients. Originating from the Sukhothai Period, the dessert is a staple snack in Thai cuisine, and Thai people usually prepare it for auspicious ceremonies.

Khanom chan is fragrant, subtly sweet, and slightly oily from the addition of the coconut milk; its texture is smooth yet sticky.

Rice flour
Rice flour (also rice powder) is a form of flour made from finely milled rice. It is distinct from rice starch, which is usually produced by steeping rice in lye. Rice flour is a common substitute for wheat flour. It is also used as a thickening agent in recipes that are refrigerated or frozen since it inhibits liquid separation.

Rice flour may be made from either white rice, brown rice or glutinous rice. To make the flour, the husk of rice or paddy is removed and raw rice is obtained, which is then ground to flour.
Howell Davies (bishop)
Howell Haydn Davies (1927–2009)  was an Anglican bishop in Uganda: he was  Bishop of Karamoja from 1981  to 1987.

After National Service in the RAF, Davies trained as an architect. Davies was ordained deacon in 1959 and priest in 1960. After a curacy at St Peter's Church in Hereford, he served as a missionary in Kenya from 1961 to 1979. He was Archdeacon of Maseno from 1971 to 1974; and Provost of Nairobi from 1974 to 1979. He was Vicar of St Peter's, Woking from 1979 to 1981 when he went out to serve in Uganda. When he returned in 1987 he was Vicar of St Jude, Wolverhampton. He was an Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects (ARIBA). His son, Bishop Tim Davies, serves as Bishop to the Anglican Mission in England.

Conscription in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, military conscription has existed for two periods in modern times. The first was from 1916 to 1920, and the second from 1939 to 1960. The last conscription term ended in 1963 although many soldiers chose to continue in the service beyond 1963.

It was legally designated as "Military Service" from 1916 to 1920, and as "National Service" from 1939 to 1960. However, between 1939 and 1948, it was often referred to as "War Service" in documents relating to National Insurance and pension provision.
E. Z. Money
Jason Broyles (born April 27, 1973) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for his tenure in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) under the ring name E. Z. Money. He also briefly wrestled for World Championship Wrestling (WCW) in 2001 under the ring name Jason Jett.

Heartland Wrestling Association
The Heartland Wrestling Association (HWA) was a Midwestern independent professional wrestling promotion based in Cincinnati, Ohio. A former developmental territory for World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation during the 1990s and 2000s, it was listed as one of the top independent promotions in the United States by The Professional Wrestlers' Workout & Instructional Guide by Harley Race, Ricky Steamboat, and Les Thatcher in 2005.