hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marion and Southern Railroad
The Marion and Southern Railroad was a South Carolina railroad that operated during the first half of the 20th century.

The Marion and Southern was incorporated in South Carolina in 1907.

The carrier's main line extended from Marion, South Carolina, to Brownsville, South Carolina, about 20 miles. Of the total mileage, only the 1.6-mile section between Marion and West Marion, South Carolina, was used by the carrier. The remainder was leased to and operated by the Marion County Lumber Company.

The Raleigh and Charleston Railroad acquired control of the line in 1912. By the time the line was abandoned in 1937, only a two-mile segment from West marion to Marion was still in service.

Marion, South Carolina
Marion is a city in and the county seat of Marion County, South Carolina, United States. It is named for Francis Marion, a brigadier general from South Carolina in the American Revolutionary War. As of the 2020 census, Marion had a population of 6,448.
2022 Udmurtia State Council election
The 2022 State Council of the Udmurt Republic election took place on 9–11 September 2022, on common election day, coinciding with the head election. All 60 seats in the State Council were up for reelection.

Green Alternative (Russia)
Green Alternative (GA; Russian: Зелёная альтернатива; ЗА, romanized: Zelyonaya al'ternativa, ZA) is a green political party in Russia. It was founded in December 2019 as a social movement by its chairman Ruslan Khvostov. It held its founding party congress in March 2020 and was officially registered as a political party with the Ministry of Justice the following month. The party has yet to win a seat in the national State Duma, but it won two seats in the 2020 regional elections: one in the Komi Republic and another in the Chelyabinsk Oblast.
Democratic Alliance of Nagaland
The Democratic Alliance of Nagaland is a state level coalition of political parties in Nagaland. It headed the Nagaland government with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). It is formed in 2003 after Nagaland Legislative Assembly election with Naga People's Front (NPF) and BJP. The alliance is in power in Nagaland since 2003.

Nagaland Legislative Assembly
The Nagaland Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Nagaland. Nagaland became a state of India on 1 December 1963 and after election in January 1964, the first Nagaland Legislative Assembly was formed on 11 February 1964. In 1974, the number of the elected Nagaland Legislative Assembly members was increased to the present strength of 60.

There is no nominated member in the House, all the members are elected on the basis of adult franchise from single-seat constituencies. The normal tenure of the House is five years unless dissolved sooner. The seat of the legislative assembly is Kohima, the capital of Nagaland.
UCI Road World Championships – Women's road race
The UCI Road World Championships Elite Women's Road Race is a one-day event for professional cyclists that takes place annually. The winner is considered the World Cycling Champion (or World Road Cycling Champion) and earns the right to wear the Rainbow Jersey for a full year in road race or stage events. The event is a single 'mass start' road race with the winner being the first across the line at the completion of the full race distance. The road race is contested by riders organized by national cycling teams as opposed to commercially sponsored or trade teams, which is the standard in professional cycling.

2025 UCI Road World Championships
The 2025 UCI Road World Championships was the 98th edition of the UCI Road World Championships, the annual world championships for road bicycle racing. It was held from 21 to 28 September 2025 in Kigali, Rwanda. It was the first UCI Road World Championships hosted in Africa.

A total of thirteen events were held, consisting of six road races, six individual time trials, and a team time trial mixed relay. This is the first year with a standalone women's U23 race; previously, the U23 winner was simply the highest-placed rider under 23 in the women's elite race.
Barry Harris Live at "Dug"
Live at "Dug" is a live album by pianist Barry Harris performing jazz standards and some of his own compositions recorded in 1995 on the label Enja Records. His trio also contained bassist Kunimitsu Inaba and drummer Fumio Watanabe.

Enja Records
Enja Records is a German jazz record company and label based in Munich which was founded by jazz enthusiasts Matthias Winckelmann and Horst Weber in 1971.

The label's first release was by Mal Waldron, and early releases included European and Japanese avant-garde artists such as Alexander von Schlippenbach, Terumasa Hino, Albert Mangelsdorff and Yōsuke Yamashita, along with newer American jazz musicians like Archie Shepp, Cecil Taylor, Leroy Jenkins and Eric Dolphy and straight-ahead musicians such as Tommy Flanagan, McCoy Tyner, Chet Baker, Freddie Hubbard, Elvin Jones, and Kenny Barron. The label also branched out to release early world music productions from Abdullah Ibrahim, Rabih Abou-Khalil, Mahmoud Turkmani, Gypsy bands, Indonesia's Monica Akihary, and Turkish saz virtuoso Taner Akyol.
Nataliya Kalashnykova
Nataliya Ivanovna Kalashnykova is a Soviet and Mexican mathematician specializing in mathematical optimization, and especially bilevel optimization, with applications in modeling human migration and in the pricing of natural gas and toll roads. She is a professor at the Autonomous University of Nuevo León, in the Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas.

Bilevel optimization
Bilevel optimization is a special kind of optimization where one problem is embedded (nested) within another. The outer optimization task is commonly referred to as the upper-level optimization task, and the inner optimization task is commonly referred to as the lower-level optimization task. These problems involve two kinds of variables, referred to as the upper-level variables and the lower-level variables.
Battle of Cibecue Creek
The Battle of Cibecue Creek was an engagement of the Apache Wars, fought in August 1881 between the United States and White Mountain Apaches in Arizona, at Cibecue Creek on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation. After an army expedition of scouts, U.S. Army soldiers 'arrested' a prominent Cibecue Apache medicine man named Nock-ay-det-klinne. The U.S. Army soldiers were taking Nock-ay-det-klinné back to the fort when they were ambushed by Apache warriors. During the conflict, the U.S. Army soldiers killed Nock-ay-det-klinné. Most of the 23 Apache scouts mutinied, in the largest such action of its kind in U.S. history.  The  soldiers retreated to Fort Apache. The following day, the White Mountain Apache mounted a counter-attack. The events sparked general unrest and led to White Mountain Apache warriors leaving the Fort Apache Indian Reservation to join forces with the Apache leader of the Bedonkohe band of Chiricahua Apache named Goyąąłé (Wise man), better known as Geronimo.

United States Army Indian Scouts
Native Americans have made up an integral part of American military conflicts since the Colonial period. Colonists recruited Indian allies during conflicts such as the Pequot War, the French and Indian Wars, the Revolutionary War, as well as in War of 1812. Native Americans also fought on both sides during the American Civil War, as well as military missions abroad including the most notable, the Codetalkers who served in World War II. The Scouts were active in the American West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Including those who accompanied General John J. Pershing in 1916 on his expedition to Mexico in pursuit of Pancho Villa. Indian Scouts were officially deactivated in 1947 when their last member retired from the Army at Fort Huachuca, Arizona. For many Indians it was an important form of interaction with European-American culture and their first major encounter with the Whites' way of thinking and doing things.
Spunge
Spunge (often typeset as [spunge]) is a ska punk band from Tewkesbury, England. Through many years of touring, Spunge have toured with or played alongside a number of UK bands; and several American bands such as Green Day, Dropkick Murphys and Reel Big Fish; and been supported on a UK tour by Bowling for Soup; the latter of whom contributed backing vocals to the song "Centerfold" on the That Should Cover It! album.

In 2019 the band toured the UK supporting Reel Big Fish, playing the same set they recorded for the album Live in 'nam... (Cheltenham)

Bowling for Soup
Bowling for Soup (commonly abbreviated to BFS) is an American rock band formed in Wichita Falls, Texas, in 1994. The band consists of Jaret Reddick (lead vocals, guitar), Gary Wiseman (drums, percussion), and Rob Felicetti (bass, backing vocals, guitar). The band is best known for its singles "Girl All the Bad Guys Want", "1985", "Almost", "Punk Rock 101", and "High School Never Ends". The band is also known for performing the theme song for the Disney Channel animated series Phineas and Ferb. Following lead guitarist Chris Burney's retirement in 2025, Reddick is the sole remaining original member.
Ado Schlier
Ado Schlier (31 January 1935 – 14 January 2026) was a German radio personality.

In 1963, Schlier organized the Münchner Jazztage, a jazz festival which lasted one week and sold out the congress hall in the Deutsches Museum. He was notably the director of the music festival Songs an einem Sommerabend from 1987 to 2016. On the radio, he was a longtime personality for Radio Salzburg and Bayerischer Rundfunk.

Schlier died in Würzburg on 14 January 2026, at the age of 90.

Bayerischer Rundfunk
Bayerischer Rundfunk (pronounced [ˈbaɪʁɪʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk]; "Bavarian Broadcasting"), shortened to BR (pronounced [beːˈʔɛʁ] ⓘ), is a public-service radio and television broadcaster, based in Munich, capital city of the Free State of Bavaria in Germany. BR is a member organization of the ARD consortium of public broadcasters in Germany.
Rescator
Rescator is the name of a Ukrainian hacker specialising in the sale of credit card details. According to Russian cyber-security consultancy Group-IB, "Rescator" (AKA Helkern and ikaikki) runs his own marketplace at rescator.cm and uploaded over 5 million card details onto the SWIPED carder marketplace.

Credit card details have been stolen from places like Minnesota and the United Kingdom, the website allows searches by zip code so that stolen card numbers can be cashed out more locally to their victim to avoid alerting banks. Unlike the now defunct Tor Carding Forums, the site is free to use, payments requiring direct Bitcoin payments to sellers without escrow features more common on darknet markets.  Many of the stolen details from the Target, Home Depot and Sally Beauty data breaches ended up at the site.

In March 2014, the site was briefly defaced by a rival hacker.

Website defacement
Website defacement is an attack on a website that changes the visual appearance of a website or a web page. These are typically the work of hackers, who break into a web server and replace the hosted website with malware or a website of their own. Defacement is generally meant as a kind of electronic graffiti and, like other forms of vandalism, is used to spread messages by politically motivated "cyber protesters" or hacktivists. Website defacement can involve adding questionable content, removing or changing existing content to make it questionable, or including nonsensical or whimsical references to websites or publicly editable repositories to harm its reputation. Methods such as a web shell may be used to aid in website defacement.
Another Country (novel)
Another Country is a 1962 novel by James Baldwin. The novel is primarily set in Greenwich Village, Harlem, and France in the late 1950s. It portrayed many themes that were taboo at the time of its release, including homosexuality, bisexuality, interracial couples, and extramarital affairs.

Infidelity
Infidelity (synonyms include cheating, having an affair, adultery, being unfaithful, non-consensual non-monogamy, straying or two-timing) is a violation of a couple's emotional or sexual exclusivity that commonly results in feelings of anger, sexual jealousy, and rivalry.

What constitutes infidelity depends on expectations within the relationship. In marital relationships, exclusivity is commonly assumed. Infidelity can cause psychological damage, including feelings of rage and betrayal, depression, low sexual and personal confidence, and even post-traumatic stress disorder. People of both sexes can experience social consequences if their act of infidelity becomes public, but the form and extent of these consequences can depend on the gender of the unfaithful person.
Catacombs of Milos
The Catacombs of Milos are an ancient underground Christian cemetery located on the island of Milos in the Cyclades, Greece, dating to the 1st-5th century AD.

The catacombs are found near the modern settlement of Trypiti, next to the site of the agora of the ancient city of Melos and 200 m to the east of the ancient theatre. The name Trypiti (Τρυπητή, "made with holes [τρύπες]") derives from the fact that the surrounding area is full of caves cut into the porous volcanic rock, which are still used by the inhabitants as storerooms and stables. In ancient times, these caves were used as family burial chambers. The galleries are of differing widths, ranging from 1 to 5 metres in width and from 1.6 to 2.5 metres in height. In addition to the tombs cut into the walls, there are also many graves cut into the ground and covered with unworked stones of irregular sizes. It is underground.

Cyclades
The Cyclades (/ˈsɪklədiːz/; Greek: Κυκλάδες, romanized: Kykládes, IPA: [ciˈkla.ðes]) are an island group in the Aegean Sea, southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece. They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago. The name (Κυκλάδες νήσοι, Kykládes nísoi, 'encircling islands') refers to the archipelago forming a circle around the sacred island of Delos. The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos; the most populated, however, is Syros.
Milly Boughton
Milly Isabelle Boughton (born 3 February 2006) is a professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for the Scottish Women's Premier League team Hibernian. Born in England, she represents Australia at an under-20 and an under-23 international. She is regarded as an emerging young talent.

Ipswich Town F.C. Women
Ipswich Town Football Club Women is a women's team affiliated with Ipswich Town Football Club. The club currently competes in the Women's Super League 2, the second tier of women's English football, following promotion from the FAWNL South Division as champions in the 2024–25 season.

They play their home games at Colchester Community Stadium in Colchester, the home of Colchester United, while also playing the occasional game at Portman Road. The club wears the traditional home colours of blue shirts with white shorts and blue socks. Like the men's team, they have a long-standing rivalry with Norwich City, against whom they contest the East Anglian derby, though in recent years the two clubs have been in separate leagues.
Biscoe Bay
Biscoe Bay is a bay which indents the southwest coast of Anvers Island immediately north of Biscoe Point, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. First charted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Adrien de Gerlache, and named by him for John Biscoe, who may have landed there in February 1832.

John Biscoe
John Biscoe (28 April 1794 – 1843) was an English mariner and explorer who commanded the first expedition known to have sighted the areas named Enderby Land and Graham Land along the coast of Antarctica. The expedition also found a number of islands in the vicinity of Graham Land, including the Biscoe Islands that were named after him.
Christopher Boylan
Christopher H. Boylan was an Irish Priest who served as Rector of the Pontifical Irish College, Rome.
A priest in the Diocese of Meath, Dr. Boylan was professor of Hebrew from 1816 and was a Professor of English Elocution from 1818, and jointly professor of English Elocution and French Language from 1820  in St. Patrick's College, Maynooth.

Dr. Boylan was appointed by Bishop Daniel Murray to succeed Dr Michael Blake as Rector in 1828, and he was succeeded by the future Cardinal Dr.Paul Cullen, shortly afterwards in 1832 due to ill health Dr Boylan returned to Ireland, and died shortly afterwards.

Paul Cullen (cardinal)
Paul Cardinal Cullen (29 April 1803 – 24 October 1878) was Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin and previously of Armagh, and the first Irish cardinal. His Ultramontanism spearheaded the Romanisation of the Catholic Church in Ireland and ushered in the Devotional Revolution experienced in Ireland through the second half of the 19th century and much of the 20th century.  A trained biblical theologian and scholar of ancient languages, Cullen crafted the formula for papal infallibility at the First Vatican Council.
Bùi Thành Nhơn
Bùi Thành Nhơn (born 1958) is a Vietnamese businessman, billionaire and property developer. In 2016, he was listed as the 4th richest man in Vietnam, after Phạm Nhật Vượng, Trịnh Văn Quyết and Trần Đình Long.

He is currently the Chairman of Novaland Group.

Billionaire
A billionaire is a person whose net worth is at least one billion units of a given currency, typically USD. It is a sub-category of the concept of the ultra high-net-worth individual. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed billionaire in 1916.

Nineteen individuals had attained the status of centibillionaires, each with a net worth of at least $100 billion, as of January 2026. As of March 2025, there are 3028 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over $16.1 trillion, up nearly $2 trillion over 2024.
Sigbjørn Johnsen
Sigbjørn Johnsen (born 1 October 1950) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party and was Norwegian Minister of Finance in the periods 1990–1996 and 2009–2013.

He is a former member of parliament and served as County Governor of Hedmark from 1997 to 2018. He was member of parliament for Hedmark between 1977 and 1997 and was the Minister of Finance from 1990 to 1996 during the Brundtland's Third Cabinet. He made a comeback in national politics when again he became Minister of Finance in 2009 Stoltenberg's Second Cabinet. After serving in the Stoltenberg's Second Cabinet, he resumed his duty as County Governor of Hedmark.

He was also the deputy chairman of the Workers' Youth League between 1975 and 1977.

Workers' Youth League (Norway)
The Workers' Youth League (Bokmål: Arbeidernes ungdomsfylking, Nynorsk: Arbeidarane si ungdomsfylking, or AUF) is Norway's largest political youth organization and is affiliated with the Norwegian Labour Party.
Antonio Azimonti
Antonio Azimonti (or Azzimonti) (2 January 1925 – 10 August 1997) was an Italian footballer He was born in Busto Arsizio.

He played for 8 seasons (211 games, 1 goal) in the Serie A for Aurora Pro Patria 1919, A.S. Roma and Udinese Calcio.

His older brother Carlo Azimonti also played football professionally. To distinguish them, Carlo was referred to as Azimonti I and Antonio as Azimonti II.

Aurora Pro Patria 1919
Aurora Pro Patria 1919, commonly referred to as Pro Patria, is an Italian football club based in Busto Arsizio, Lombardy. It currently plays in Serie C, group A.
In Latin, Pro Patria translates to "For the Fatherland".
Bolduc
Bolduc is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Blanche Bolduc (1906 or 1907 – 1998), Canadian folk artist

Dan Bolduc (born 1953), American ice hockey player

Don Bolduc (born 1962), American general and politician

Jean-Baptiste-Zacharie Bolduc (1818–1889), Canadian Jesuit

Joseph Bolduc (1847–1924), Canadian politician

La Bolduc (Mary Rose-Anna Bolduc née Travers, 1894–1941), Canadian singer and musician

Nicolas Bolduc (born 1973), cinematographer

Roch Bolduc (born 1928), Canadian politician

Samuel Bolduc (born 2000), Canadian ice hockey player

Yves Bolduc (born 1957), Canadian politician and doctor

Zachary Bolduc (born 2003), Canadian ice hockey player

Nicolas Bolduc
Nicolas Bolduc (born 5 March 1973) is a Canadian cinematographer from Montreal, Quebec. He won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Cinematography two years in a row, in the 1st Canadian Screen Awards and 2nd Canadian Screen Awards, for War Witch (2012) and Enemy (2013). He also won the Jutra Award for War Witch, and was nominated the next year for Louis Cyr. Bolduc was nominated for Best Cinematography at the Prix Iris in 2017 for Two Lovers and a Bear.

With Hochelaga, Land of Souls (2017), he competed at Camerimage, and won Best Cinematography at the 6th Canadian Screen Awards. He also won Best Cinematography at the 20th Quebec Cinema Awards for Hochelaga, Land of Souls.

He was one of four directors, alongside Fabrice Barrilliet, Julien Knafo and Marie-Hélène Panisset, of the 2009 collective film Blind Spot.
Muskogee Athletics
The Muskogee Athletics was a Western Association baseball team based in Muskogee, Oklahoma, United States, that played from 1924 to 1926. Under the guidance of the manager, Gabby Street, the Athletics finished third in the league in 1924, going 97–65. In 1925, they finished in fourth place, going 79–72. They made the playoffs in 1925 under Street, losing in the league finals. They were managed by Walt Kreuger, Connie Fields and George Armstrong in 1926, and went 51–45 before withdrawing from the league on July 20.

Several major league players played for the Athletics, including Red Bennett, John Bogart, Clyde Day, Street, Dixie Parker, Guy Sturdy, Max West, Otis Brannan, Bill Dickey and Earl Grace.

John Bogart (baseball)
John Renzie Bogart (September 21, 1900 – December 7, 1986), nicknamed "Big John", was a Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who played for the Detroit Tigers in 1920.

Bogart began pitching in an industrial league for a team based in Geneva, New York as a teenager. While playing against a semi-professional team in Rochester, he caught the attention of Louie Groh, brother of Heinie Groh, who recommended him to the Evansville club of the Three-I League. After starting the 1920 season in Evansville, his contract was purchased by the Detroit Tigers.

Bogart was only in Detroit briefly before being farmed out for further development. Bogart pitched for 16 different minor league clubs between 1920 and 1929. After his playing career, he returned to Geneva where he coached and umpired baseball.
Highway 51 Blues
"Highway 51 Blues" was the title of a song composed by American blues pianist Curtis Jones, released on a 78 record on January 12, 1938, which was popular enough to spawn several covers and offshoots, including "New Highway 51," recorded in 1940 by the Mississippi guitarist and singer Tommy McClennan. Bob Dylan's track "Highway 51", released as the closing track of the first side of his debut album Bob Dylan on March 19, 1962, was based on McLennan's recording.

John Henry Hammond
John Henry Hammond Jr. (December 15, 1910 – July 10, 1987) was an American record producer, civil rights activist, and music critic active from the 1930s to the early 1980s. As a talent scout, Hammond became one of the most influential figures in 20th-century popular music. He is the father of blues musician John P. Hammond.

Hammond sparked or advanced numerous musical careers, including those of Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, Benny Goodman, Harry James, Charlie Christian, Billie Holiday, Count Basie, Teddy Wilson, Big Joe Turner, Fletcher Henderson, Pete Seeger, Babatunde Olatunji, Aretha Franklin, George Benson, Freddie Green, Leonard Cohen, Arthur Russell, Jim Copp, Asha Puthli, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Mike Bloomfield and Sonny Burke. He is also largely responsible for the revival of delta blues artist Robert Johnson's music.