hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Data scrubbing
Data scrubbing is an error correction technique that uses a background task to periodically inspect main memory or storage for errors, then corrects detected errors using redundant data in the form of different checksums or copies of data. Data scrubbing reduces the likelihood that single correctable errors will accumulate, leading to reduced risks of uncorrectable errors.

Data integrity is a high-priority concern in writing, reading, storage, transmission, or processing of data in computer operating systems and in computer storage and data transmission systems. However, only a few of the currently existing and used file systems provide sufficient protection against data corruption.

To address this issue, data scrubbing provides routine checks of all inconsistencies in data and, in general, prevention of hardware or software failure. This "scrubbing" feature occurs commonly in memory, disk arrays, file systems, or FPGAs as a mechanism of error detection and correction.

Device file
In Unix-like operating systems, a device file, device node, or special file is an interface to a device driver that appears in a file system as if it were an ordinary file.  There are also special files in DOS, OS/2, and Windows.  These special files allow an application program to interact with a device by using its device driver via standard input/output system calls. Using standard system calls simplifies many programming tasks, and leads to consistent user-space I/O mechanisms regardless of device features and functions.
Scott Sowers
Scott Nicolai Sowers (November 5, 1963 –  April 1, 2018) was an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Detective Parker in the late 1990s ABC series Cracker and for his role as Stanley Kowalski on stage in A Streetcar Named Desire.  He established the Signature Theatre Company in 1991, and the following year he won the Drama-Logue Award for Performance for his role as the colonel in A Few Good Men at the Shubert Theatre.

In films, he has played some notable minor roles, such as a mercenary in Under Siege 2: Dark Territory (1995), a prison guard in Dead Man Walking (1995), and a condemned man in True Grit (2010). Aside from numerous dramatic readings for audiobooks, Sowers provided his voice for videogames such as Batman: Dark Tomorrow (2003), Manhunt 2 (2007) and Homefront (2011).

Signature Theatre Company
Signature Theatre Company is a nonprofit Off Broadway theatre company located on West 42nd Street in New York City. It was founded in 1991 by James Houghton and is now led by Artistic Director Emily Shooltz. Signature is known for their season-long focus on one artist's work. It has been located in the Pershing Square Signature Center since 2012.
Mark Gregory (garden designer)
Mark Gregory  is a garden designer from West Cowick, Yorkshire. He has been in the horticultural and landscaping industry for about 35 years. Gregory was voted the most influential person in the landscape and garden design industry. He completed his training in horticulture with the RHS at Wisley and also Askham Bryan Horticultural College. He is a fellow of the Landscape Institute and is now a chartered landscape architect (FI.)

Gregory has been involved with 99 gardens at the Chelsea Flower Show, with a total a 160 show gardens for the RHS, making him the most medalled garden builder within the RHS. He has achieved gold medals at the Chelsea Flower Show on five occasions and is a senior RHS Garden Assessor and Garden Judge.

RHS Garden Wisley
RHS Garden Wisley is a garden run by the Royal Horticultural Society in Wisley, Surrey, southwest of London. It is one of five gardens run by the society, the others being Harlow Carr, Hyde Hall, Rosemoor, and Bridgewater (which opened on 18 May 2021). Wisley is the second most visited paid entry garden in the United Kingdom after the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, with 1,104,362 visitors in 2024. The gardens are Grade II* listed.
Beth El Synagogue (Shanghai)
The Beth El Synagogue was a synagogue, located in Shanghai, China.

Jews began to settle in Shanghai in 1848. At that time, most were Sephardic Jews from Baghdad and Bombay. During the 1870s, the Baghdadi Jewish community used rented space for religious worship. Beth El Synagogue was established in 1887. It was located on Peking Road, a major thoroughfare in the English settlement, and was the first formally established Synagogue in Shanghai.: 28

Jacob Elias and Edward Elias Sassoon built the Ohel Rachel Synagogue to replace Beth El Synagogue; and it opened in March 1920. The synagogue was destroyed, most likely in the 1950s.

Sassoon baronets
There have been two baronetcies for the surname Sassoon, both in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Both are extinct.

Sassoon baronets of Kensington Gore and of Eastern Terrace (1890)

Sassoon baronets of Bombay (1909)
Mark A. Penick
Mark Albert Penick (July 17, 1895 – September 13, 1952) was an American politician and lawyer.

Penick was born in Pike County, Illinois. He went to the Quincy, Illinois public schools. Penick served as a pilot in the United States Army Air Forces during World War I. He went to Dartmouth College. Penick received his bachelor's and law degrees from University of Chicago. He lived in Quincy, Illinois with his family and practice law in Quincy. Penick served as an assistant state's attorney and as the Quincy state attorney. He served on the Quincy School Board. Penick served in the Illinois Senate from 1933 to 1937 and was a Democrat. Penick died at St. Mary's Hospital in Quincy, Illinois after suffering a stroke.

Pike County, Illinois
Pike County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is located between the Mississippi River and the Illinois River in western Illinois. According to the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 14,739. Its county seat is Pittsfield.
Naeho Naengmyeon
Naeho Naengmyeon (Korean: 내호냉면; Hanja: 內湖冷麵) is a historic restaurant in Uam-dong, Nam District, Busan, South Korea. It is named for and serves the cold noodle dish naengmyeon, but is reportedly most famous for its claim as being the first restaurant to serve milmyeon in South Korea. The restaurant is among the oldest active restaurants in South Korea, having been founded in 1919, during the Japanese colonial period.

The restaurant was first founded in a small coastal village in what is now North Korea. In 1950, after the outbreak of the Korean War, the owning family fled to Busan as refugees. They reopened the business there in 1953. It has remained in the same location since then.

Nam District, Busan
Nam District (Korean: 남구; RR: Nam-gu; lit. South District) is a gu, or district, in south-central Busan, South Korea. Much of Nam District sticks out into the Sea of Japan, forming a peninsula which separates Suyeong Bay from Busan Harbor. It has an area of 25.91 km2. Nam District officially became a gu of Busan in 1975. In 1995 part of Nam District was divided to form Suyeong District.

The Busan International Finance Center is located here.
Eyüp Can (boxer)
Eyüp Can (born August 3, 1964, in Pınarbaşı, Cihanbeyli, Konya, Turkey) is a retired Turkish boxer.  He won a Flyweight Bronze medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics, losing in the semi-final to eventual gold medalist Steve McCrory. Two years later, he won the bronze medal at the 1986 World Amateur Boxing Championships in Reno, United States.

1986 World Amateur Boxing Championships
The Men's 1986 World Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Reno, United States from May 8 to 18. The fourth edition of this competition, held two years before the Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, was organised by the world governing body for amateur boxing AIBA.
Caroline Gotzens
Caroline Gotzens (born 20 August 1961, in Stein near Nuremberg, née Caroline Elisabeth Renate Ottilie Gräfin [Countess] von Faber-Castell) is a German-Swiss industrial heiress and art collector. She is a family member of the Cologne-based banking dynasty Oppenheim, as well as of the Frankish pencil dynasty Faber-Castell.

Faber-Castell
Faber-Castell AG is a German privately held multinational manufacturer of pens, pencils, other office supplies (e.g., staplers, slide rules, erasers, rulers) and art supplies, as well as high-end writing instruments and luxury leather goods. Headquartered in Stein, Bavaria, Germany, it operates 14 factories and 20 sales units throughout the globe.

The Faber-Castell Group employs a staff of approximately 6,500 and does business in more than 120 countries. The House of Faber-Castell is the family which founded and continues to exercise leadership within the corporation. Faber-Castell manufactures about 2 billion pencils in more than 120 different colors every year.
Weightlifting at the 2019 Pan American Games – Men's 61 kg
The men's 61 kg competition of the weightlifting events at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru, was held on 27 July at the Coliseo Mariscal Caceres.

Each lifter performed in both the snatch and clean and jerk lifts, with the final score being the sum of the lifter's best result in each. The athlete received three attempts in each of the two lifts; the score for the lift was the heaviest weight successfully lifted. This weightlifting event was the lightest men's event at the weightlifting competition, limiting competitors to a maximum of 61 kilograms of body mass.

Snatch (weightlifting)
The snatch is the first of two lifts contested in the sport of weightlifting (also known as Olympic weightlifting) followed by the clean and jerk. The objective of the snatch is to lift the barbell from the ground to overhead in one continuous motion. There are four main styles of snatch used: snatch (full snatch or squat snatch), split snatch, power snatch, and muscle snatch.  The full lift is the most common style used in competition, while power snatches and muscle snatches are mostly used for training purposes, and split snatches are now rarely used. Any of these lifts can be performed from the floor, from the hang position, or from blocks. In competition, only lifts from the floor are allowed.
Valve (mollusc)
A valve is each articulating part of the shell of a mollusc or another multi-shelled animal such as brachiopods and some crustaceans. Each part is known as a valve or in the case of chitons, a "plate". Members of two classes of molluscs, the Bivalvia (clams) and the Polyplacophora (chitons), have valves.

Species within one family of very unusual small sea snails, marine opisthobranch gastropods in the family Juliidae, also have two articulating shells or valves, which resemble those of a bivalve. This exceptional family is commonly known as the bivalved gastropods. Gastropods in general are sometimes called "univalves", because in those that have a shell, the shell is usually in one part.

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
Infest (album)
Infest is the second studio album and major-label debut by the American rock band Papa Roach. It was released through DreamWorks Records on April 25, 2000. The sound on the album is nu metal and rap metal, with many songs containing rapped vocals and hip hop influences. It was certified 4× Platinum in the U.S. by the RIAA on December 6, 2024, making it the band's best-selling album, peaked at No. 5 on the Billboard 200 chart, and became the 20th highest-selling album of 2000 in the United States. Infest earned Papa Roach a Grammy nomination for Best New Artist.

The One (2001 film)
The One is a 2001 American science fiction action film directed by James Wong, and written by Wong and Glen Morgan. It stars Jet Li, Delroy Lindo, Carla Gugino, and Jason Statham, with action choreography by Corey Yuen. The film, which deals with the concept of multiverses and interdimensional travel, follows Gabriel Yulaw (Jet Li), a rogue agent who travels to parallel realities in order to kill other versions of himself to become a mythical super-being known as "The One". Li plays a dual role as Yulaw and Gabe Law, an LASD deputy sheriff who teams up with a multiverse agent to prevent Yulaw from becoming the One.

Produced by Revolution Studios, The One was released in the United States by Columbia Pictures on November 2, 2001. The film was poorly received by critics and grossed $79.6 million worldwide.
Tomoe Iwaoka
Tomoe Iwaoka (とも枝単独, Iwaoka Tomoe; June 15, 1896 – November 7, 1933) was a Japanese-style painter and illustrator, best known for her contributions to art for children. She was active from the end of the Taishō era until the beginning of the Shōwa era.

Tomoe Iwaoka was born on June 15, 1896, in Tokyo, Japan. Her father was a prominent lawyer named Iyoji Iwaoka. In 1912 when Tomoe was 16, her father was elected to the 11th House of Representatives in Japan. Tomoe Iwaoka died on November 7, 1933, in Tokyo at the age of 37.

Kan Kikuchi
Hiroshi Kikuchi (菊池 寛, Kikuchi Hiroshi; December 26, 1888 – March 6, 1948), also known as Kan Kikuchi (which uses the same kanji as his real name), was a Japanese author and publisher. He established the publishing company Bungeishunjū, the monthly magazine of the same name, the Japan Writer's Association and both the Akutagawa and Naoki Prize for popular literature. He came to prominence for the plays Madame Pearl and Father Returns, but his ample support for the Imperial Japanese war effort led to his marginalization in the postwar period. He was also the head of Daiei Motion Picture Company (currently Kadokawa Pictures). He was known to have been an avid player of mahjong.
Erik Beckman
Erik Beckman (23 April 1935 – 8 June 1995) was a Swedish poet, novelist and playwright. Among his poetry collections are Varifrån dom observeras from 1966, Kyss Er! from 1969, and  Kärleksgubbar! Herdedikter from 1981. He was awarded the Dobloug Prize in 1972.

Dobloug Prize
The Dobloug Prize (Swedish: Doblougska priset, Norwegian: Doblougprisen) is a literature prize awarded for Swedish and Norwegian fiction. The prize is named after Norwegian businessman and philanthropist Birger Dobloug (1881–1944) pursuant to his bequest. The prize sum is 4 * 150,000 Swedish crowns (2011). The Dobloug Prize is awarded annually  by the Swedish Academy.
Sean King (footballer)
Sean Christopher King (28 June 1964 – 9 April 2025) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the West Coast Eagles in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and both the West Perth and East Perth Football Clubs in the West Australian Football League (WAFL).

King was an inaugural squad member of the West Coast Eagles but only made one appearance. It came in the final round of the season, against St Kilda at Subiaco, with King contributing two goals and 21 disposals to the win. Just like his West Perth teammate Paul Mifka who shared a debut with him that day, King was not picked again. At the Adelaide Bicentennial Carnival the following season, King represented the Australian Amateurs team.

King died from cancer on 9 April 2025, at the age of 60.

East Perth Football Club
The East Perth Football Club, nicknamed the Royals, is an Australian rules football club based in Leederville, Western Australia, current playing in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and WAFL Women's (WAFLW). Formed in 1902 as the Union Football Club, the club entered the WAFL in 1906, changing its name to East Perth. It won its first premiership in 1919, part of a streak of five consecutive premierships. Overall, the club has won 17 premierships, most recently in 2002. The club is currently based at Leederville Oval, which it shares with the Subiaco Football Club, having previously played home games at Wellington Square (from 1901 to 1909) and Perth Oval (formerly known as Loton Park) from 1910 to 1999.

From 2014 until 2018, East Perth served as the host club for the West Coast Eagles of the Australian Football League, the arrangement saw West Coast's reserves players playing in the WAFL for East Perth.
Trimethylsilyldiazomethane
Trimethylsilyldiazomethane is the organosilicon compound with the formula (CH3)3SiCHN2. It is classified as a diazo compound.  Trimethylsilyldiazomethane is commercially available as solutions in hexanes, DCM, and ether. It is a specialized reagent used in organic chemistry as a methylating agent for carboxylic acids. It is a safer replacement for diazomethane, which is a sensitive explosive gas, whereas trimethylsilyldiazomethane is a relatively stable liquid and thus easier to handle.

Organosilicon chemistry
Organosilicon chemistry is the study of organometallic compounds containing carbon–silicon bonds, to which they are called organosilicon compounds. Most organosilicon compounds are similar to the ordinary organic compounds, being colourless, flammable, hydrophobic, and stable to air. Silicon carbide is an inorganic compound.
Great Britain at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. 204 competitors, 160 men and 44 women, took part in 124 events in 17 sports. British athletes have competed and won at least one gold medal in every Summer Olympic Games.  Future Leader of the Liberal Democrats Menzies Campbell represented Britain at the 200m.

Derek Harrison (cyclist)
Derek Harrison (5 March 1944 – 15 May 2018) was a British cyclist. He competed in the individual road race and team time trial events at the 1964 Summer Olympics as well as the 1968 and 1969 Tour de France.
CXorf38 Isoform 1
Chromosome X Open Reading Frame 38 (CXorf38) is a protein which, in humans, is encoded by the CXorf38 gene. CXorf38 appears in multiple studies regarding the escape of X chromosome inactivation (see Clinical Significance).

Protein secondary structure
Protein secondary structure is the local spatial conformation of the polypeptide backbone excluding the side chains. The two most common secondary structural elements are alpha helices and beta sheets, though beta turns and omega loops occur as well. Secondary structure elements typically spontaneously form as an intermediate before the protein folds into its three dimensional tertiary structure.

Secondary structure is formally defined by the pattern of hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide backbone. Secondary structure may alternatively be defined based on the regular pattern of backbone dihedral angles in a particular region of the Ramachandran plot regardless of whether it has the correct hydrogen bonds.

The concept of secondary structure was first introduced by Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang at Stanford in 1952. Other types of biopolymers such as nucleic acids also possess characteristic secondary structures.
The Woman in Me (Needs the Man in You)
"The Woman in Me (Needs the Man in You)" is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music singer Shania Twain.  It was released in August 1995 as the third single and title track from her second studio album The Woman in Me.  The song was written by Mutt Lange and Twain. The song became Twain's third top-twenty hit at country radio. It was released to radio in August 1995, following the success of her previous single "Any Man of Mine". Twain has performed "The Woman in Me (Needs the Man in You)" on the Up! Tour, in a video interlude for the Now Tour and in a medley for the Come On Over Tour.

Now Tour (Shania Twain)
The Now Tour was the fourth headlining concert tour by Canadian recording artist Shania Twain, in support of her fifth studio album Now (2017). The tour began on May 3, 2018, in Tacoma, and was initially scheduled to conclude in Las Vegas on August 4, 2018 but was later extended to conclude in Dunedin on December 22, 2018. The tour marks Twain's first since 2015's Rock This Country Tour, which, at the time, Twain announced would be her final run out on the road.
Arnall Patz
Arnall Patz (June 14, 1920 – March 11, 2010) was an American medical doctor and research professor at Johns Hopkins University.  In the early 1950s, Patz discovered that oxygen therapy was the cause of an epidemic of blindness among some 10,000 premature babies.  Following his discovery, there was a sixty percent reduction in childhood blindness in the United States.  He also conducted pioneering research in the 1960s into the use of lasers in the treatment of retinal disorders.  He received the Lasker Award in 1956 for his research into the causes and prevention of blindness and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2004 for his lifetime of work in the field of ophthalmology.

Lasker Award
In 1945, Albert Lasker and Mary Woodard Lasker created the Lasker Awards. Every year since then the award has been given to  the living person considered to have made the greatest contribution to medical science or who has demonstrated public service on behalf of medicine. They are administered by the Lasker Foundation. The Lasker is sometimes referred to as "America's Nobels".

The Lasker Awards have gained a reputation for identifying future winners of the Nobel Prize. Eighty-six Lasker laureates have received the Nobel Prize, including 32 in the last two decades. Claire Pomeroy is the current president of the Lasker Foundation.
Cigonca
Cigonca (pronounced [ˈtsiːɡɔntsa]) is a village just south of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in the Drava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica
The Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica (pronounced [slɔˈʋeːnska ˈbiːstɾitsa] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Slovenska Bistrica) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Slovenska Bistrica. Slovenska Bistrica became a municipality in 1994.
Hōsei Tsukitei
Hōsei Tsukitei (月亭 方正, Tsukitei Hōsei; born 15 February 1968) formerly known as Hōsei Yamasaki (山崎 邦正, Yamasaki Hōsei) is a Japanese solo comedian and rakugo performer, signed with Yoshimoto Kogyo. He is best known for being one of the five members (and the only solo comedian) of Downtown Gaki no Tsukai's regular cast. His role on the show is usually divided up between the suberi-kyara and the ijime-kyara.

Outside of Gaki no Tsukai, he has released three books, a CD single of his signature "Yamazaki Ichi-ban!" song, and has appeared in several Yoshimoto Kogyo compilations and DVD releases.

Mainichi Broadcasting System
JOOY-DTV (channel 4), branded as Mainichi Broadcasting System (Japanese: 毎日放送, Hepburn: Mainichi Hōsō; MBS) (formerly known as Mainichi Broadcasting System Television from 1959 to 2011), is a Japanese television station serving as the Kansai region key station of the Japan News Network. It is owned and operated by Mainichi Broadcasting System, Inc., a subsidiary of MBS Media Holdings, with its studios based in the Kita-ku ward of Osaka.

From its inception in 1959 until 2021, MBS operated as a unified broadcaster, with its radio and television operations remaining intact until 2017, when a major restructuring placed the operations under the second incarnation of MBS. In 2021, the radio division was spun off as a separate, wholly owned subsidiary.