hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kumanudi
Kumanudi (Serbian Cyrillic: Кумануди ) is a Serbian-Aromanian surname derived from the Vlach given name "Kuman". Notable people with the surname include:

Kosta Kumanudi (1874–1962), Serbian and Yugoslav politician

Kosta Kumanudi
Konstantin Kosta Kumanudi (Serbian: Константин Коста Кумануди) (22 November 1874 – 27 November 1962) was a Serbian and Yugoslav politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party, and later with the Yugoslav Radical Peasant Democracy, forerunner to the Yugoslav National Party.

Kumanudi held a PhD in Political Sciences, and was also a professor of administrative law at the University of Belgrade's Law School, reserve Captain in the Balkan Wars, World War I and World War II, a deputy of the Democratic Party, President of the Belgrade municipality, the Minister of Finance, Education, Forest and Mining, Trade and Industry and Chairman of the National Assembly. He was a writer and political philosopher.
Fartein Døvle Jonassen
Fartein Døvle Jonassen (born 10 February 1971) is a Norwegian novelist and translator.

In 2004 he won the Bastian Prize for Children's and Young-Adult Books, for his translation of David Klass' You Don't Know Me. He was later a member of the committee that awards this prize. He has also written two fantasy novels. He resides in Kongsberg.

David Klass
David Klass is an American screenwriter and novelist. He has written more than 40 screenplays for Hollywood studios and published 14 young adult novels. His screenplays are primarily character-based thrillers for adults, while his novels often tell the stories of teenagers in crisis.
MV American Century
MV American Century is a very large diesel-powered Lake freighter owned and operated by the American Steamship Company. This vessel was built in 1981 at Bay Shipbuilding Company, Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, and included self-unloading technology.

The ship is 1,000 feet (304.8 m) long and 105 feet (32 m) wide, with a carrying capacity of 80,900 tons (at midsummer draft), either coal or iron ore.

Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin
Sturgeon Bay is a city in Door County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. The population was 9,646 at the 2020 census. Located at the bay of Sturgeon Bay for which it is named, it is the most populous city on the Door Peninsula, a popular Upper Midwest vacation destination.
2014 PBZ Zagreb Indoors – Doubles
Julian Knowle and Filip Polášek were the defending champions, but Polášek decided not to participate. Knowle played alongside Johan Brunström, but they lost in the quarterfinals to Marcelo Demoliner and Purav Raja.

Jean-Julien Rojer and Horia Tecău won the title, defeating Philipp Marx and Michal Mertiňák in the final, 3–6, 6–4, [10–2].

Johan Brunström
Johan Brunström (born 3 April 1980) is a professional Swedish tennis player. His highest ATP doubles ranking is no. 31, which he reached on 22 March 2010. His career high in singles is no. 377, which he reached on 24 September 2007.  He made his Davis Cup debut against Serbia in February 2012, with a win in doubles with partner Robert Lindstedt.

In June 2012, he reached the second round of Wimbledon men's doubles partnering Philipp Marx. They lost to David Marrero and Andreas Seppi.  At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he reached the second round of the men's doubles with Lindstedt.
Sha (Armenian letter)
Sha (majuscule: Շ; minuscule: շ; Armenian: շա) is the twenty-third letter of the Armenian alphabet, representing the voiceless postalveolar fricative (/ʃ/) in both Eastern and Western Armenian. It is typically romanized with the digraph Sh. It was part of the alphabet created by Mesrop Mashtots in the 5th century CE. In the Armenian numeral system, it has a value of 500. Its shape in lowercase form is similar to the Arabic numeral 2.

Mesrop Mashtots
Mesrop Mashtots (listenⓘ; Armenian: Մեսրոպ Մաշտոց, romanized: Mesrop Maštoc' 362 – 17 February 440 AD) was an  Armenian linguist, composer, theologian, statesman, and hymnologist. He is venerated as a saint in the Armenian Apostolic Church.

He is best known for inventing the Armenian alphabet c. 405 AD, which was a fundamental step in strengthening Armenian national identity. He is also considered to be the creator of the Caucasian Albanian and, possibly, the Georgian script, though it is disputed.
Hill Hall (Savannah State College)
Hill Hall at Savannah State College, also known as Walter Bernard Hill Hall and built between 1900 and 1901 by students studying manual arts and blacksmithing, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1981. The building was named for Dr. Walter Barnard Hill.

Walter Barnard Hill
Walter Barnard Hill (September 5, 1851 – December 28, 1905) was chancellor of the University of Georgia (UGA) in Athens from 1899 until his death in 1905 (The head of the university was referred to as chancellor, from 1860 until 1932).
The Chase School
The Chase School is a secondary school (ages 11–18) in Malvern, Worcestershire, England. The school opened as a Secondary Modern in 1953 under headteacher Mr Garth. It was officially opened by Lord Cobham on 26 March 1955. The Chase became a comprehensive with the abolition of selective education in Worcestershire in 1974 and became an academy on 1 November 2011. Teaching students from Year 7 to Year 13, The Chase has around 1,300 students, making it one of the larger schools in Worcestershire, with just under 300 students in the sixth form.

The school is located in Barnards Green, a suburb of Malvern, adjacent to the sites of QinetiQ and the Malvern Hills Science Park. Links between the school and these organisations have led to the establishment of the Cyber-security Apprentice Development Scheme, an apprenticeship initiative aimed to encourage more students into the cyber security sector.

Secondary modern school
A secondary modern school (Welsh: ysgol uwchradd fodern) was a type of secondary school that existed throughout England, Wales and Northern Ireland from 1944 until the 1970s under the Tripartite System. Secondary modern schools accommodated the majority (70–75%) of pupils between 11 and 15. Those who achieved the highest scores in the 11-plus were allowed to go to a selective grammar school which offered education beyond 15. From 1965 onwards (following Circular 10/65), secondary moderns were replaced in most of the UK by the comprehensive school system.

Schools of this type continue in Northern Ireland, where they are usually referred to as secondary schools, and in areas of England, such as Buckinghamshire (where they are referred to as upper/all-ability schools), Lincolnshire (still called secondary modern) and Wirral (called all-ability schools), and Kent where they are referred to as non-selective.
React (Switch Disco and Ella Henderson song)
"React" is a song by British production duo Switch Disco and English singer-songwriter Ella Henderson, released on 13 January 2023. The song heavily samples Italian DJ Robert Miles' 1995 instrumental "Children". It was released as the lead single from Switch Disco's debut EP Vacancy. The song was nominated for "Song of the Year" at the Brit Awards 2024.

Brit Awards 2024
The Brit Awards 2024 was the 44th edition of the Brit Awards ceremony presented by British Phonographic Industry (BPI), and was held on Saturday 2 March 2024 at The O2 Arena in London. The ceremony returned to a weekend due to successful viewership for the 2023 ceremony, which was held on a weekend for the first time. It also returned to March for the first time since the 2000 ceremony. After hosting the ceremony for two consecutive years, Mo Gilligan announced that he would no longer be hosting the ceremony. The event was hosted by Clara Amfo, Maya Jama and Roman Kemp.

For this year's ceremony, Raye received the most nominations with seven in total, breaking the record for the most nominations received by a single artist in a year. British rappers Central Cee and J Hus tied for second with four each. Raye would go on to win a record-breaking 6 awards, making history with the most wins by a single artist in one night.
Belting (music)
Belting (or yell singing) is a technique of singing in which a singer carries their chest voice above their break or passaggio with a proportion of head voice. Belting is sometimes described as "high chest voice" or "mixed voice". It is often described as a vocal register, but is rather a descriptive term for the use of a register.

Passaggio
Passaggio (Italian pronunciation: [pasˈsaddʒo]) is a term used in classical singing to describe the transition area between the vocal registers.  The passaggi (plural) of the voice lie between the different vocal registers, such as the chest voice, where any singer can produce a powerful sound, the middle voice, and the head voice, where a penetrating sound is accessible, but usually only through vocal training. The historic Italian school of singing describes a primo passaggio and a secondo passaggio connected through a zona di passaggio in the male voice and a primo passaggio and secondo passaggio in the female voice. A major goal of classical voice training in classical styles is to maintain an even timbre throughout the passaggio. Through proper training, it is possible to produce a resonant and powerful sound.
Jun Nagura
Jun Nagura (名倉 潤, Nagura Jun; born 4 November 1968, in Himeji, Hyōgo, Japan) is a Japanese comedian, actor and businessman who is the leader of the comedy trio Neptune and in charge of tsukkomi. He is nicknamed Jun-chan (潤ちゃん) and Leader (リーダー, Rīdā).

Nagura is represented by Watanabe Entertainment. He is married to Marina Watanabe and is left-handed. The couple has two children, a son and a daughter. Nagura is the youngest of four brothers

Himeji
Himeji (姫路市, Himeji-shi; pronounced [çi(ꜜ)meʑi, çimeʑiꜜɕi]) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. As of 1 June 2022, the city had an estimated population of 525,682 in 227,099 households and a population density of 980 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 534.35 square kilometres (206.31 sq mi).
Ixia viridiflora
Ixia viridiflora, also known as turquoise ixia, is a tall member of the genus Ixia. It comes from around the Tulbagh in South Africa, Cape Province. It has small corms under the ground.

This corn lily is very rare. Its habitats are often destroyed by human influence. As a consequence, its conservation status is vulnerable and is tending to worsen.

The name turquoise ixia refers to the blue-green turquoise colour of the flowers, which is a rare colour for flowers. They are grouped in long inflorescences and are normally star-shaped as in most corn lilies. The flowers have a black-purple centre. The ovary is 3-locular. The flower is pollinated by specific scarab beetles known as monkey beetles of the tribe Hopliini.

The turquoise ixia has good ornamental traits but it is rarely cultivated due to its conservation status.

Scarabaeidae
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change. Several groups formerly treated as subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
Kenneth Moore (American football)
Kenneth Moore, Jr. (born February 19, 1985) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Detroit Lions in the fifth round of the 2008 NFL draft. He played college football for the Wake Forest Demon Deacons. Moore was also a member of the Carolina Panthers, Indianapolis Colts, Pittsburgh Steelers and Sacramento Mountain Lions.

Sacramento Mountain Lions
The Sacramento Mountain Lions were a professional American football team based in Sacramento, California, that played in the United Football League. The franchise originated as the California Redwoods, and played its home games in San Francisco and San Jose before relocating to Hornet Stadium in Sacramento in 2010, then to Raley Field in West Sacramento in 2012. The team was coached by Dennis Green for three of its four years of existence. Amid financial problems, the UFL folded in the middle of the 2012 season.
Oued Ksob
Oued Ksob is a river in western Morocco that discharges to the Atlantic Ocean on a broad beach slightly south of the city of Essaouira and slightly north of the village of Diabat. The mouth of the river, along with the nearby Iles Purpuraires, is known for sightings of the rare species Eleonora's falcon. To the south of the Ksob mouth is a ruined watchtower known as the Bordj El Berod.

Watchtower
A watchtower or guardtower (also spelled watch tower, guard tower) is a type of military/paramilitary or policiary tower used for guarding an area. Sometimes fortified, and armed with heavy weaponry, especially historically, the structures are built in areas of established control. These include military bases, cities occupied by military forces, prisons and more. A common equipment is searchlights.

It differs from a regular tower in that its primary use is military/policiary and from a turret in that it is usually a freestanding structure. Its main purpose is to provide a high, safe place from which a sentinel or guard may observe the surrounding area. In some cases, non-military towers, such as religious towers, may also be used as watchtowers.

Similar constructions include: observation towers and belvederes, which are generally civilian structures, and control towers, used on airports or harbours.
Kirk Yetholm
Kirk Yetholm ('kirk yet-ham') is a village in the Scottish Borders region of Scotland, 8 miles (13 kilometres) southeast of Kelso and less than 1 mile (2 kilometres) west of the border. The first mention is of its church in the 13th century.  Its sister town is Town Yetholm which lies 1⁄2 mile (800 metres) across the Bowmont Water.  The population of the two villages was recorded as 591 in the 2001 census.

Scottish Borders
The Scottish Borders (Scottish Gaelic: Crìochan na h-Alba; Scots: The Mairches), often shortened to the Borders within Scotland, is one of the country's 32 council areas. It is bordered by West Lothian, Edinburgh, Midlothian, and East Lothian to the north, the North Sea to the east, Dumfries and Galloway to the south-west, South Lanarkshire to the west, and the English ceremonial counties of Cumbria and Northumberland to the south. The area's largest settlement is Galashiels; its administrative centre is Newtown St Boswells.

The term "Scottish Borders" is also used for the areas of southern Scotland and northern England that bound the Anglo-Scottish border, namely Dumfries and Galloway, Scottish Borders, Northumberland, and Cumbria. The council area occupies approximately the same area as the historic shires of Berwickshire, Peeblesshire, Roxburghshire, and Selkirkshire.
Gautami filmography
Gautami Tadimalla is an Indian actor, costume designer, and producer who works mainly in Tamil and Telugu films. She has also acted in Malayalam, Hindi, and Kannada films. She is a costume designer and won the 2008 Vijay Award for Best Costume Designer for her work on the Tamil movie Dasavatharam.

Zee Tamil
Zee Tamil also known as Z Tamil is an Indian Tamil language pay television general entertainment channel owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. The channel started broadcasting in 2008 and is available internationally. The channel broadcasts from Guindy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

Zee Entertainment Enterprises also launched a full Tamil movie channel named Zee Thirai in 2020.
Zingel asper
Zingel asper, also known as the Rhone streber, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the family Percidae that is at a high risk of becoming extinct due to habitat destruction and pollution. It is endemic to the rivers Durance and Beaume in the Rhône basin in France and Switzerland.

Percidae
The Percidae are a family of ray-finned fish, part of the order Perciformes, which are found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains nearly 250 species in 12 genera. The perches and their relatives are in this family; well-known species include the walleye, sauger, ruffe, and three species of perch. However, small fish known as darters are also a part of this family.

Despite the widespread and speciose nature of this family, the vast majority of its species diversity is within the darters, which are restricted to eastern North America, and the majority of which have small ranges. Excluding the darters, this family contains only 20 species. In Europe, percids were likely a more ecologically dominant group in the past than now, with the immigration of cyprinids to Europe during the Miocene causing a decline in their importance.
Pape station
Pape is a subway station on Line 2 Bloor–Danforth in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The station opened in 1966 and is located in Toronto's Greektown neighbourhood at the northeast corner of Pape Avenue and Lipton Avenue, just north of Danforth Avenue. It is located at the site of the former Lipton loop.

The ticket collector's booth and turnstiles are at the surface in the main station building on the southwest corner of the site with a secondary exit/entry structure to the east, adjacent to the parking lot. Bus bays are within the fare-paid zone. Stairs, escalators and elevators connect the ground level, concourse and train platforms. Automatic sliding doors, accessible fare gates and the addition of elevators, made the station became fully accessible in 2013.

Danforth Avenue
Danforth Avenue (informally also known as the Danforth) and Danforth Road are two historically-related arterial streets in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Danforth Avenue is an east-west street that begins in Old Toronto at the Prince Edward Viaduct as a physical continuation of Bloor Street and continues for about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) east through old Toronto, about 350 metres (1,150 ft) of old East York, and a further 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) in Scarborough until it intersects with Kingston Road via a ramped interchange. Danforth Road splits off the Avenue west of Warden Avenue and runs diagonally northeast until south of Lawrence Avenue, where it continues as McCowan Road.

Line 2 Bloor–Danforth of the Toronto subway runs just north of Danforth Avenue from the Don River as far as Main Street station, before gradually veering north as it heads east.
Gutian language
Gutian (/ˈɡuːtiən/) is an extinct unclassified language that was spoken by the Gutian people, who briefly ruled over Sumer as the Gutian dynasty in the 22nd century BCE. The Gutians lived in the territory between the Zagros Mountains and the Tigris. Nothing is known about the language except its existence and a list of names of Gutian rulers in the Sumerian King List, which may reflect elements of the language.

Sumer
Sumer (/ˈsuːmər/ SOO-mər) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest known texts come from the Sumerian cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr, and date to between c. 3350 – c. 2500 BC, following a period of proto-writing c. 4000 – c. 2500 BC.
2019–20 Ranji Trophy Group B
The 2019–20 Ranji Trophy was the 86th season of the Ranji Trophy, the first-class cricket tournament that took place in India. It was contested by 38 teams, divided into four groups, with nine teams in Group B. The group stage ran from 9 December 2019 to 15 February 2020. The top five teams across Group A and Group B progressed to the quarter-finals of the competition.

In the round seven match between Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh's Ravi Yadav became the first bowler to take a hat-trick in his first over on his debut in a first-class cricket match.

Ahead of the final round of group stage matches, Saurashtra had qualified for the quarter-finals from Group B. Karnataka also progressed from Group B, after they beat Baroda by eight wickets in their final match.

Saurashtra cricket team
Saurashtra cricket team is one of the three first-class cricket teams based in the Indian state of Gujarat (the other two being the Baroda cricket team and the Gujarat cricket team) that competes in India's first-class cricket tournament Ranji Trophy and limited-overs cricket tournaments Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.
Baba Kalyani (film)
Baba Kalyani is a 2006 Indian Malayalam-language action crime film  directed by Shaji Kailas, written by S. N. Swami, and produced by Antony Perumbavoor through Aashirvad Cinemas. It stars Mohanlal in the title role, and also features an ensemble cast featuring Indrajith Sukumaran, Biju Menon, Mamta Mohandas, Sai Kumar, and Jagathy Sreekumar in important roles. The film's music was composed by Alex Paul.

Baba Kalyani was released on 15 December 2006, where it became one of the top highest-grossing Malayalam films of the year.

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Thandi Orleyn
Noluthando Dorian Bahedile "Thandi" Orleyn (born 13 January 1956) is a South African lawyer and businesswoman who is currently the chairperson of Impala Platinum and BP Southern Africa. She rose to prominence in the business world as a co-founder and executive director of Peotona Holdings, a prominent black economic empowerment (BEE) investment vehicle. Before that, she was director of the public Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration and a practicing lawyer.

International Women's Forum
The International Women's Forum (IWF), founded in 1974 as the Women's Forum of New York, is an invitation-only women's organization with some 7,800 members. Its mission is "to support the women leaders of today and tomorrow". The IWF hosts two conferences each year to address women's issues and it provides intensive leadership training programs for women. The Leadership Foundation, Inc., a supporting organization, provides a Fellows Program and the Women Athletes Business Network (WABN) Program.
Zdzitava
Zdzitava (Belarusian: Здзітава; Russian: Здитово, romanized: Zditovo) is a village in Byaroza District, Brest Region, Belarus. It is part of Sporava selsoviet. It is located between the Chornaye and Sporawskaye lakes on the Zhygulyanka River. It has a population of less than 1,000 people.

Slonim
Slonim is a town in Grodno Region, in western Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Slonim District. It is located at the junction of the Shchara and Isa rivers, 143 km (89 mi) southeast of Grodno. As of 2025, it has a population of 48,402.