hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel Hieronymus Grimm
Samuel Hieronymus Grimm (18 January 1733 – 14 April 1794) was an 18th-century Swiss landscape artist who worked in oils (until 1764), watercolours, and pen and ink media.

Grimm specialised in documenting historical scenes and events; he also illustrated books such as Gilbert White's The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne.

Pen
A pen is a common writing instrument that applies ink to a surface, typically paper, for writing or drawing. Early pens such as reed pens, quill pens, dip pens and ruling pens held a small amount of ink on a nib or in a small void or cavity that had to be periodically recharged by dipping the tip of the pen into an inkwell. 
Today, such pens find only a small number of specialized uses, such as in illustration and calligraphy. Reed pens, quill pens and dip pens, which were used for writing, have been replaced by ballpoint pens, rollerball pens, fountain pens and felt or ceramic tip pens.

Ruling pens, which were used for technical drawing and cartography, have been replaced by technical pens such as the Rapidograph. All of these modern pens contain internal ink reservoirs, such that they do not need to be dipped in ink while writing.
James Green (engineer)
James Green (1781–1849) was a civil engineer and canal engineer, who was particularly active in the South West of England, where he pioneered the building of tub boat canals, and inventive solutions for coping with hilly terrain, which included tub boat lifts and inclined planes. Although dismissed from two schemes within days of each other, as a result of construction problems, his contribution as a civil engineer was great.

Great Torrington
Great Torrington (often abbreviated to Torrington, though the villages of Little Torrington and Black Torrington are situated in the same region) is a market town in Devon, England. Parts of it are sited on high ground with steep drops down to the River Torridge below, with the lower-lying parts of the town prone to occasional flooding. Torrington is in the centre of Tarka Country, a landscape captured by Henry Williamson in his novel Tarka the Otter in 1927. Great Torrington has one of the most active volunteering communities in the United Kingdom.

In July 2019, Great Torrington was reported to be the healthiest place to live in Britain. Researchers from the University of Liverpool found that the area had low levels of pollution, good access to green space and health services, along with few retail outlets.
Piers Maxwell Dudley-Bateman
Piers Maxwell Dudley-Bateman (also known as Piers Bateman, 30 November 1947 – 4 September 2015) was an Australian landscape painter. He was a member of The Antipodeans, a group of Melbourne painters that also included Arthur Boyd, David Boyd, Charles Blackman, John Brack, Robert Dickerson, John Perceval and Clifton Pugh.
He taught as a Professor for painting at the Shanghai Institute of Visual Art under Fudan University in Shanghai, China.

Robert Dickerson
Robert Henry Dickerson AO (30 March 1924 – 18 October 2015) was an Australian figurative painter and former member of the Antipodeans group of artists. Dickerson is one of Australia's most recognised figurative artists and one of a generation of influential artists who include Ray Crooke, Charles Blackman, Laurence Hope, Margaret Olley and Inge King.
Golden Bell Awards
The Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 金鐘獎; pinyin: Jīnzhōngjiǎng) is an annual Taiwanese television and radio production award presented in October or November each year by the Bureau of Audiovisual and Music Industry Development, a division of Taiwan's Ministry of Culture. It is the first radio and television production award in Chinese circulation, founded in 1965, and Taiwan's equivalent to the Emmy Awards. It is also one of the three major annual entertainment and cultural awards presented in Taiwan, along with the Golden Melody Awards for music and the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards for films. The awards were presented by the Government Information Office until 2011.

Currently, there are two main streams presented at separate ceremonies: Television Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 電視金鐘獎) and Broadcast Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 廣播金鐘獎).

Ministry of Culture (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Culture (MOC; Chinese: 文化部; pinyin: Wénhùabù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bûn-hòa pō͘) is the ministry of the Republic of China (Taiwan) that promotes cultural and creative industries. The ministry also maintains the National Repository of Cultural Heritage.
Lake Lejiacocha
Lejiacocha (possibly from Quechua lliklla a rectangular shoulder cloth, qucha lake,) is a lake in the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru at 4,706 metres (15,440 ft) of elevation. It is located in Marcará District, Carhuaz Province, Ancash. Lejiacocha lies south-west of mount Copa.

Legiamayo River originates nearby the lake.

Lliklla
A lliklla (Quechua, hispanicized spellings liclla, llicla, lliclla) is a rectangular, handwoven shoulder cloth. It is worn by Quechua women of the Andes region in Bolivia and Peru. Traditionally it is fastened at the front using a decorated pin called tupu.

In the Quechua-speaking community of Chinchero, men and women wear distinctive garments that identify them by gender and their community. These garments are woven in two parts—symmetrical opposites that are sewn together. Wide blue bands called pampakuna, or fields, are set apart by multi-striped panels filled with colorful geometric designs. Typically, indigo-blue fields are characteristic of Chinchero women's garments.

A q'ipirina is similar to a lliklla but larger, worn over the back to carry small children or all sorts of products, and knotted at the front.
Christy Morgan
Christine Lee "Christy" Morgan (born October 13, 1963, in Norristown, Pennsylvania) is an American former field hockey player who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Currently, Christy is head coach for women's field hockey at James Madison University.

Norristown, Pennsylvania
Norristown is a borough with home rule status and the county seat of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States, in the Philadelphia metropolitan area.  Located along the Schuylkill River, approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) from Philadelphia, Norristown had a population of 35,748 as of the 2020 census. It is the fourth-most populous municipality in the county and second-most populous borough in Pennsylvania.

It is the largest non-township municipality in Montgomery County and is located 49.8 miles (80.1 km) southeast of Allentown and 19.9 miles (32.0 km) northwest of Philadelphia.
Kuwait men's national ice hockey team
The Kuwait national ice hockey team (Arabic: منتخب الكويت لهوكي الجليد) is the national men's ice hockey team of Kuwait. The team is controlled by the Kuwait Ice Hockey Association and a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) since 8 May 2009. Kuwait participated in the IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia, a regional tournament for lower-tier hockey nations in Asia, from 2010 to 2018. Kuwait made its World Championship debut at the 2018 Division III Qualification tournament.

As of December 2025, Kuwait is ranked 53rd in the IIHF World Ranking and 14th in the specialized ranking of Asian national teams.

IIHF World Ranking
The IIHF World Ranking is a ranking of the performance of the national ice hockey teams of member countries of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It is based on a formula giving points for each team's placings at IIHF-sanctioned tournaments over the previous four years. The ranking is used to determine seedings and qualification requirements for future IIHF tournaments. The United States' teams are ranked first in both men's and women's play. Russia's men team has more points overall in the men's rankings but is excluded from the list due to its ongoing suspension from IIHF competition.
Kosmos 311
Kosmos 311 (Russian: Космос 311 meaning Cosmos 311), known before launch as DS-P1-Yu No.27, was a Soviet satellite which was launched in 1969 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. It was a 325-kilogram (717 lb) spacecraft, which was built by the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, and was used as a radar calibration target for anti-ballistic missile tests.

KB Pivdenne
The Pivdenne Design Office (Ukrainian: Державне конструкторське бюро «Південне» ім. М. К. Янгеля, abbr. Державне КБП, romanized: Derzhavne konstruktorske biuro "Pivdenne" im. M. K. Yanhelia, abbr. Derzhavne KB Pivdenne, lit. 'State design bureau "Southern", named after M. K. Yangel'), located in Dnipro, Ukraine, is a designer of satellites and rockets, and formerly of Soviet intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), established by Mikhail Yangel. During the Soviet era, the bureau's OKB designation was OKB-586.

The company is in close co-operation with the PA Pivdenmash multi-product machine-building company, also situated in Dnipro. Pivdenmash is the main manufacturer of the models developed by Pivdenne Design Office.
Valuation: Measuring and Managing the Value of Companies
Valuation: Measuring and Managing the Value of Companies is a textbook on valuation, corporate finance, and investment management by McKinsey & Company. The book was initially published in 1990 and is now available in its eighth edition.

The book has received reviews from The Accounting Review, American Banker, The National Public Accountant, AFP Exchange, and The Journal of Finance.

The Accounting Review
The Accounting Review is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Accounting Association (AAA) that covers accounting with a scope encompassing any accounting-related subject and any research methodology. The Accounting Review is one of the oldest accounting journals, and recent studies considered it to be one of the leading academic journals in accounting.

The Accounting Review was established in 1926. In its early decades, the journal tended to publish articles that would be of interest to accounting practitioners, but over time it shifted towards a preference for quantitative model building and mathematical rigor. In the 1980s the AAA began to publish two other journals, Issues in Accounting Education and Accounting Horizons, that were more relevant to accounting educators and accounting practitioners respectively, to allow The Accounting Review to focus more heavily on quantitative articles.
Whole Lotta Rosie
"Whole Lotta Rosie" is a song by Australian hard rock band AC/DC. It is the eighth and final track on the band's fourth Australian album, Let There Be Rock, released in Australia in March 1977, and was written by Angus Young, Malcolm Young, and Bon Scott. It is also the eighth and final track on the international version of the album, released in June the same year.

It was released as a single in a few countries in 1977, backed by "Dog Eat Dog". In 1978, the live version from If You Want Blood You've Got It, which had been recorded in Glasgow on 30 April 1978, was also released as a single in October 1978.

Stiff Upper Lip (album)
Stiff Upper Lip is the fourteenth studio album by the Australian hard rock band AC/DC. It was released on 28 February 2000. The album was produced by George Young, older brother of Malcolm and Angus Young. It was the last AC/DC album that George produced before his death in 2017.

The album was re-released in the US in April 2007 as part of the AC/DC Remasters series. It was re-released in the UK in 2005.
Wojciech Orliński
Wojciech Orliński (born 24 January 1969 in Warsaw) is a Polish journalist, writer, and blogger. In the 1990s, he was a member of the Polish Socialist Party. Between 1997 and 2021, he was a regular columnist for Gazeta Wyborcza. From 2011 to 2021, he was also the president of the Solidarity trade union at Agora, the newspaper's publisher. Since 2020, he has been working as a chemistry teacher.

He has written several books, including an alternate history novel (Polska nie istnieje), an encyclopaedic guide to Stanisław Lem (Co to są sepulki?), a biography of Stanisław Lem, three travel books and an essay on dangers connected with the development of the Internet.  He has also published science-fiction stories and opinion pieces in Nowa Fantastyka.

Agora (company)
Agora Spółka Akcyjna (Agora SA) is a Polish media company. Agora and Gazeta Wyborcza (The Electoral Gazette) were created on the eve of the parliamentary elections in 1989. Gazeta Wyborcza became the first independent newspaper in Poland, while Agora grew into one of the largest and most renowned media companies in Poland. Since 1999 Agora's shares have been listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

Agora's activities include newspapers, advertising, cinemas, radio, various online services, magazines, books and more.
VFA-147
Strike Fighter Squadron 147 (VFA-147), also known as the "Argonauts," is a United States Navy strike fighter squadron based at MCAS Iwaukuni, Japan. VFA-147 was established on 1 February 1967 and flies the F-35C Lightning II, as the first non-training F-35C squadron in the U.S. Navy and the first forward-deployed F-35C squadron as a member of CVW-5.

Fighter-bomber
A fighter-bomber is a fighter aircraft that has been modified, or used primarily, as a light bomber or attack aircraft. It differs from bomber and attack aircraft primarily in its origins, as a fighter that has been adapted into other roles, whereas bombers and attack aircraft are developed specifically for bombing and attack roles.

Although still used, the term fighter-bomber has less significance since the introduction of rockets and guided missiles into aerial warfare. Modern aircraft with similar duties are now typically called multirole combat aircraft or strike fighters.
Crappytire.com
Crappytire.com was a website and domain name at the centre of a 2001 spat between Canadian retailer Canadian Tire and London, Ontario resident and website owner Mick McFadden. Canadian Tire, which alleged that McFadden was cybersquatting as the public had associated "Crappy Tire" with its trademark name, took the case to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). By June 2001, the WIPO decided against Canadian Tire, stating that the company did not own the rights to the "Crappy Tire" expression. In 2002, Canadian Tire purchased the Crappytire.com domain, along with Crappytire.net and Crappytire.ca.

Cybersquatting
Cybersquatting (also known as domain squatting) is the practice of registering, trafficking in, or using an Internet domain name, with a bad faith intent to profit from the goodwill of a trademark belonging to someone else. The term is derived from "squatting", which is the act of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied space or building that the squatter does not own, rent, or otherwise have permission to use.
Paul Smith (cricketer, born 1975)
Paul Christopher Smith (born 29 April 1975) is a former English cricketer.  Smith was a right-handed batsman who played primarily as a wicketkeeper.  He was born in Hillingdon, London.

Smith represented the Middlesex Cricket Board in a single List A match against Derbyshire Cricket Board in the 1st round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2002. In his only List A match he was not required to bat and behind the stumps he made a single stumping.

Middlesex Cricket Board
The Middlesex Cricket Board was formed in 1996. It is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Middlesex.

The Board of the MCB consists of five representatives nominated by the Middlesex County Cricket Club Board of Directors

MCB operates through six standing sub-committees, responsible for Cricket, Facilities, Publicity and Sponsorship, Women's Cricket, Finance, and Youth and Coaching, through it is responsible for co-ordinating all development work in Middlesex.
Malfourd W. Trumbo
Malfourd Whitney "Bo" Trumbo (born November 18, 1954) was a Circuit Court judge in the 25th circuit of Virginia, which includes the counties of Botetourt, Craig, Rockbridge, Alleghany, Bath and Highland, and the cities of Lexington, Buena Vista and Covington.  A Fincastle lawyer, Trumbo was appointed to replace Judge Duncan Byrd Jr., who died in a 2004 traffic accident in Bath County. Trumbo's appointment was for eight years. He previously served a term in the Virginia House of Delegates and three terms in the State Senate as a Republican. He graduated from the College of William and Mary (A.B., J.D.).

Bath County, Virginia
Bath County is a United States county located in the Shenandoah Valley on the central western edge of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,209, making it the second-least populous county in Virginia. Bath's county seat is Warm Springs, while the largest community is Hot Springs.

Established in 1790, Bath County was named for the natural hot springs found in the region. The county is known for its mountainous terrain and picturesque landscapes, including the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests.
Lithuanian Partisans Declaration of February 16, 1949
Lithuanian Partisans Declaration of February 16, 1949 (Lithuanian: Lietuvos laisvės kovos sąjūdžio deklaracija) is a document created by Lithuanian partisans and signed by the Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters (ULFF) on February 16, 1949, in Minaičiai (Radviliškis District Municipality). By signing the declaration, the ULFF assumed responsibility for leading the restoration of an independent democratic state of Lithuania, where equal rights for all citizens and social care would be guaranteed. The document also states that the "Communist party, as dictatorial and essentially opposite to the main aim of Lithuanian nation and keystone provision of the Constitution – independence of Lithuania, – is not considered a legal party". The declaration appeals to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Lithuanian Constitution of 1922 and addresses the whole democratic world in asking for help.

Radviliškis District Municipality
Radviliškis District Municipality (Lithuanian: Radviliškio rajono savivaldybė) is one of the seven municipalities of Šiauliai County (Šiaulių apskritis) in Lithuania. Radviliškis town has been its center since 1950.

Radviliškis district has 13 subdivisions or elderships (Seniūnija).
Asian Women's Volleyball Championship
The Asian Women's Volleyball Championship is an international volleyball competition in Asia and Oceania contested by the senior women's national teams of the members of Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC), the sport's continent governing body. The initial gap between championships was four years, but since 1987 they have been awarded every two years. The current champion is Thailand, which won its third title in 2023.

The 21 Asian Championship tournaments have been won by three national teams. China have won thirteen times. The other Asian Championship winners are Japan, with five titles; and Thailand with three titles.

The 2021 edition was canceled due to COVID-19 pandemic. The 2023 edition was held in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. Starting in 2026, the tournaments will now be held every even year, conforming to the 2025–28 Volleyball Calendar of the FIVB.

Nakhon Ratchasima
Nakhon Ratchasima (Thai: นครราชสีมา, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn râːt.t͡ɕʰā.sǐː.māː]) is the capital of Nakhon Ratchasima province, the largest city in Northeastern Thailand and the third-largest city in Thailand. It is 250 kilometres (160 mi) northeast of Bangkok, one of the four major cities of Isan (Northeast Thailand), known as the "big four of Isan", and has a population of 466,098 people as of 2021. The city is commonly known as Korat (โคราช, pronounced [kʰōː.râːt]), a shortened form of its name.

Korat is at the western edge of the Korat Plateau. Historically, it once marked the boundary between Lao and Siam territory. It is the gateway to the Lao-speaking northeast of Thailand.
Nông Văn Vân's Rebellion
The Nông Văn Vân Rebellion was an armed mass-movement of ethnic minorities and immigrant workers in Cao Bằng Province, near the border with China, against the government of Emperor Minh Mạng (r. 1820–1841) of Dai Nam (as Vietnam was known then), from 1833 to 1835.

Minh Mạng
Minh Mạng (Hanoi: [mïŋ˧ maːŋ˧˨ʔ]), also known as Minh Mệnh (Hanoi: [mïŋ˧ məjŋ̟˧˨ʔ], chữ Hán: 明 命, lit. 'the bright favour of Heaven'; 25 May 1791 – 20 January 1841; born Nguyễn Phúc Đảm, also known as Nguyễn Phúc Kiểu), was the second emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam, reigning from 14 February 1820 until his death, on 20 January 1841. He was the fourth son of Emperor Gia Long, whose eldest son, Nguyễn Phúc Cảnh, had died in 1801. He was well known for his opposition to French involvement in Vietnam, completing the final Vietnamese conquest of Champa, temporary annexation of Cambodia, and his rigid Confucian orthodoxy.
Bembecia uroceriformis
Bembecia uroceriformis is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is found in France, Spain, Portugal, Switzerland, Italy and most of the Balkan Peninsula. It is also found in North Africa (including Morocco) and from Asia Minor to the Caucasus.

The wingspan is 20–24 mm.

The larvae feed on Dorycnium species (including Dorycnium herbaceum), Lotus corniculatus, Ulex europaeus, Ulex nanus, Coronilla emerus, Chamaecytisus species, Cytisus procumbens, Cytisus hirsutus and Corothamnus procumbens.

Chamaecytisus
Chamaecytisus is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes 43 species which range from the Canary Islands and Morocco through mainland Europe to western Siberia, Kazakhstan, the Caucasus, Anatolia, and the eastern Mediterranean. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It has been treated as a synonym of Cytisus.

C. proliferus is a tree from the Canary Islands used as a fodder crop around the world.
Oklahoma Junior College Conference
The Oklahoma Junior College Conference (OJCC) was a junior college athletic conference with member schools located in Oklahoma. The conference's charter members included Bacone University (now known as Bacone College), Cameron State School of Agriculture (now known as Cameron University), Cordell Christian College (later known as Oklahoma Christian College), Murray State School of Agriculture (now known as Murray State College), Oklahoma Military Academy (now known as Rogers State University), the Oklahoma School for the Deaf, St. Gregory's College (now known as St. Gregory's University), and Tonkawa Prep School (now known as Northern Oklahoma College).

Murray State College
Murray State College is a public community college in southcentral Oklahoma with the main campus located in Tishomingo, Oklahoma. It is named in honor of former Oklahoma Governor William H. "Alfalfa Bill" Murray.

Murray State College also maintains a smaller campus in Ardmore, Oklahoma as one of four state higher education institutions that participate at the University Center of Southern Oklahoma (the other three are Oklahoma State University, Southeastern State University, and East Central University).
Wang Jialiu
Wang Jialiu (Chinese: 汪家镠; born March 1929) is a Chinese politician who served as party secretary of Peking University from 1991 to 1994 and executive deputy president of the CCP Central Party School from 1993 to 1998.

She was an alternate member of the 12th and 13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, and a member of the 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. She was a member of the Standing Committee of the 9th National People's Congress.

13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from 1987 to 1992. It held seven plenary sessions. It was preceded by the 12th Central Committee and succeeded by the 14th Central Committee. It elected the 13th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1987.