hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sydney J. Hickson
Sydney John Hickson FRS (25 June 1859 – 6 February 1940), was a British zoologist known for his groundbreaking research in evolution, embryology, genetics, and systematics.

Hickson travelled in the Malay archipelago in 1885–1886. He was appointed Professor of Zoology at the University of Manchester in 1894 and was elected FRS in 1895. The Manchester Museum has many specimens of coral that came from Sydney Hickson, a specialist on corals. These include a number of type specimens of names published by Hickson and others, including Stanley Gardiner. Hickson's papers are held at the University of Manchester Library. Hickson was President of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society from 1915 to 1917.

He collected plants in Indonesia, Mexico, and Arizona. His botanical specimens are stored at Kew Gardens.

Hickson's daughter Sylvia Kema Hickson (married name Guthrie) became a paediatrician in Manchester.

Victoria University of Manchester
The Victoria University of Manchester, usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester, was a university in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University. After the break-up of the Victoria University, it gained an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester.

On 1 October 2004, the Victoria University of Manchester merged with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form a new, larger entity named the University of Manchester.
Four-storey tenement house of Musa Nagiyev
The four-storey tenement house of Agha Musa Nagiyev (or Musa Nagiyev) is an edifice in Baku built in 1910-1912. The customer of the construction was Agha Musa Nagiyev, and the architect was Joseph Ploshko. By the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan No. 132 dated with 2 August 2001, the house was included in the list of immovable monuments of history and culture of local importance.

Józef Płoszko
Józef Płoszko (Azerbaijani: İosif Ploşko, Russian: Иосиф Плошко; 1867–1931) was a Polish architect of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and was the author of multiple architectural projects in Baku, Azerbaijan.
Gaban (film)
Gaban (transl. Embezzlement) is 1966 Hindi film directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee, based on Munshi Premchand's classic novel by the same name. It had Sunil Dutt and Sadhna playing  the lead role. The film has music by Shankar Jaikishan, and lyrics were by Shailendra and Hasrat Jaipuri.

Hasrat Jaipuri
Hasrat Jaipuri, born Iqbal Hussain (15 April 1922 – 17 September 1999), was an Indian poet, who wrote in the Hindi and Urdu languages. He was also a renowned film lyricist in Hindi films, where he won the Filmfare Awards for Best Lyricist twice – in 1966 and 1972.
Shlomo Flam
Shlomo Flam (died January 1813), known as the Lutzker Maggid, was a Volhynian Hasidic rabbi and maggid in Lutsk and in Sokal.

He was a disciple of Rabbi Dov Ber of Mezeritch and the teacher of several prominent rabbis including Rabbi Sholom Rokeach.

Rabbi Flam's son was the rabbi of Olesko.

Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia (/voʊˈlɪniə/ voh-LIN-ee-ə; see #Names and etymology) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly equivalent to Volyn Oblast, Rivne Oblast, and the northern part of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Ternopil Oblast. The territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast.

Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation during the Partitions of Poland, all of Volhynia was made part of the Pale of Settlement on the southwestern border of the Russian Empire. Important cities include Rivne, Lutsk, Zviahel, and Volodymyr.
2011 Chicago Rush season
The 2011 Chicago Rush season was the 10th season for the franchise in the Arena Football League. The team was coached by Bob McMillen and played their home games at Allstate Arena. The Rush finished the regular season 13–5, qualifying for the playoffs for the 10th consecutive season. As the 2nd seed, they defeated the Dallas Vigilantes 54–41 in the conference semifinals before losing to the Arizona Rattlers 48–54 in the conference championship.

2011 Arena Football League season
The 2011 Arena Football League season was the 24th season in the history of the league. The regular season began on March 11, 2011 and ended on July 23, 2011. The Jacksonville Sharks, in their second year of existence, defeated the Arizona Rattlers 73–70 in ArenaBowl XXIV on August 12, 2011 to conclude the playoffs.
Germanic boar helmet
Germanic boar helmets or boar crested helmets are attested in archaeological finds from England, Denmark and Sweden, dating to Vendel and Anglo-Saxon periods, and Old English and Old Norse written sources. They consist of helmets decorated with either a boar crest or other boar imagery that was believed to offer protection in battle to the wearer. They have also been proposed to be a costume for the ritual transformation into a boar, similar to berserkers, and to be associated with Freyr.

Gullinbursti
Gullinbursti (Old Norse), meaning "Gold Mane" or "Golden Bristles") is a boar in Norse mythology.

When Loki had Sif's hair, Freyr's ship Skíðblaðnir, and Odin's spear Gungnir fashioned by the Sons of Ivaldi, he bet his own head with Brokkr that his brother Eitri (Sindri) would not have been able to make items to match the quality of those mentioned above.

So to make gifts to Freyr, Eitri threw a pig's skin into a furnace as Brokkr worked on the bellows, and together they manufactured the boar Gullinbursti which had bristles in its mane that glowed in the dark.

The story of Gullinbursti's creation is related in the Skáldskaparmál section of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda.

According to Húsdrápa, Freyr rode Gullinbursti to Baldr's funeral, while in Gylfaginning, Snorri states that Freyr rode to the funeral in a chariot pulled by the boar.

The boar is also known as Slíðrugtanni (Old Norse: meaning "Sharp Tooth" or "Fearsome Tooth") (sometimes anglicized to "Slidrugtanni").
MeshBox
MeshBox is an item of computer hardware which is used to provide large scale wireless broadband networks. Manufactured by LocustWorld, the devices are designed to co-operate with other MeshBoxes within range, passing the internet service from one box to the next, over the air, until it reaches the final destination. The coverage area of a mesh is typically measured in square miles or square kilometres.

Originally released as a bootable CD-ROM called MeshAP based on the OpenAP open source software, the system is now implemented as system image which can fit within a small 32MB CompactFlash card. The system functions have expanded beyond creating wireless networks to provide set-top box services, MP3 audio and video streaming, connection to remote windows terminal servers, other PCs, web browsing, connection to peer-to-peer networks, instant messaging and file exchange.

Set-top box
A set-top box (STB), also known as a cable box, receiver, or simply box, and historically television decoder or a converter, is an information appliance device that generally contains a TV tuner input and displays output to a television set, turning the source signal into content in a form that can then be displayed on the television screen or other display device. It is designed to be placed alongside or "on top" (hence the name) of a television set.

Set-top boxes are used in cable television, satellite television, terrestrial television and Internet Protocol television systems, as well as other uses such as digital media players ("streaming boxes"). Alternatives to set-top boxes are the smaller dongles, and television sets with built-in TV tuners.
Swiss Amish
The  Swiss Amish (Swiss German: Schwyzer Amisch) are a subgroup of the Amish that emigrated to the United States mostly in the middle of the 19th century directly from Switzerland and Alsace, after the 18th-century emigration of most Amish via the Palatinate. They do not speak Pennsylvania German, but either a form of Bernese German or a Low Alemannic Alsatian dialect. Their main settlements are in Adams County, Indiana (Bernese Amish) and in Allen County, Indiana (Alsatian Amish). They form two distinct Amish affiliations.

Palatinate (region)
The Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Pfalz [pfalts] ⓘ; Palatine German: Palz), or the Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz), is a historical region of Germany. The Palatinate occupies most of the southern quarter of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz), covering an area of 2,105 square miles (5,450 km2) with about 1.4 million inhabitants. Its residents are known as Palatines (Pfälzer).
Mason's invariant
In electronics, Mason's invariant, named after Samuel Jefferson Mason, is a measure of the quality of transistors.

"When trying to solve a seemingly difficult problem, Sam said to concentrate on the easier ones first; the rest, including the hardest ones, will follow," recalled Andrew Viterbi, co-founder and former vice-president of Qualcomm. He had been a thesis advisee under Samuel Mason at MIT, and this was one lesson he especially remembered from his professor. A few years earlier, Mason had heeded his own advice when he defined a unilateral power gain for a linear two-port device, or U. After concentrating on easier problems with power gain in feedback amplifiers, a figure of merit for all three-terminal devices followed that is still used today as Mason's Invariant.

Andrew Viterbi
Andrew James Viterbi (born Andrea Giacomo Viterbi, March 9, 1935) is an American electrical engineer and businessman who co-founded Qualcomm Inc. and invented the Viterbi algorithm.  He is the Presidential Chair Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Southern California's Viterbi School of Engineering, which was named in his honor in 2004 in recognition of his $52 million gift.
2016 Jinyuan Cup – Doubles
Han Na-lae and Jang Su-jeong were the defending champions, but both players chose not to participate.

Xun Fangying and You Xiaodi won the title, defeating Akgul Amanmuradova and Michaela Hončová in the final, 1–6, 6–2, [10–7].

Xun Fangying
Xun Fangying (Chinese: 荀芳颖; pinyin: Xún Fāngyǐng; Mandarin pronunciation: [ɕy̌n fáŋ ìŋ]; born 14 January 1995) is a Chinese tennis player.

On 24 February 2020, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 167. On 8 April 2019, she peaked at No. 176 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Xun made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2015 Guangzhou International Open in the doubles competition, partnering Liu Fangzhou.
Mary Cecelia Allen
Mary Allen is an author and writing coach living in Iowa City, Iowa. She is an MFA graduate of the Iowa Writers' Workshop and published her first memoir, The Rooms of Heaven, in 2000. She received an NEA fellowship in 2002.

Iowa Writers' Workshop
The Iowa Writers' Workshop, at the University of Iowa, is a graduate-level creative writing program. At 90 years, it is the oldest writing program offering a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree in the United States. Its acceptance rate is between 2.7% and 3.7%. On the university's behalf, the workshop administers the Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism and the Iowa Short Fiction Award.

The workshop's director is the writer Lan Samantha Chang, under whom its endowment has grown from $2.6 million to $12.5 million.
Rafael Solano
Rafael Solano Sánchez (born 10 April 1931 in San Felipe de Puerto Plata, in the Dominican Republic) is a Dominican pianist, songwriter, composer, arranger, author, and former Dominican ambassador to UNESCO. He is credited with writing over a hundred songs of various genres that include romantic, folk, as well as choral, religious, and merengue music. His most famous love song, "Por Amor", has been translated into several languages and performed by renowned artists, such as Marco Antonio Muñiz, Vicki Carr, Jon Secada, the Mariachi Vargas, and Plácido Domingo.

Marco Antonio Muñiz
Marco Antonio Muñiz Vega (born 3 March 1933) is a Mexican singer from Jalisco, Mexico. Known across Latin America, he also acted in the 1965 film Sinful (Spanish: El Pecador). He belongs to the Golden Age of Mexican cinema.
Andiceras
Andiceras is an enigmatic perisphinctacean ammonite belonging to the neocomitid subfamily Berriasellinae. Andiceras was named by Krantz in 1926 and is known from Tithonian sediments in Argentina and the Chinameca and La Caja Formations, Mexico.

Tithonian
In the geological timescale, the Tithonian is the latest age of the Late Jurassic Epoch and the uppermost stage of the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 149.2 ±0.7 Ma and 143.1 ±0.6 (million years ago). It is preceded by the Kimmeridgian and followed by the Berriasian (part of the Cretaceous).
2004 West Coast Conference Baseball Championship Series
The 2004 West Coast Conference Baseball Championship Series was held on May 28 and 29, 2004 at Loyola Marymount's home stadium, George C. Page Stadium in Los Angeles, California, and pitted the winners of the conference's two four-team divisions. The event determined the champion of the West Coast Conference for the 2004 NCAA Division I baseball season. Pepperdine won the series two games to none over Loyola Marymount and earned the league's automatic bid to the 2004 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

Pepperdine Waves baseball
The Pepperdine Waves baseball team represents Pepperdine University in the sport of baseball. The Pepperdine Waves compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and in the West Coast Conference. They are currently led by head coach Tyler LaTorre.

The Waves have been to the College World Series twice, winning the national championship in 1992 under head coach Andy Lopez with a win over Cal State Fullerton.
Tradate
Tradate is a city and comune located in the province of Varese, in the Lombardy region of northern Italy.  It is located 15 kilometres (9 mi) from the city of Varese (the province's capital), and according to the 2018 census Tradate's population was 18,983. It received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on January 28, 1958.

The mayor is Giuseppe Bascialla.

The city hosts the Fisogni Museum of the Petrol Stations, awarded by Guinness World Records for the biggest collection in the world of fuel pumps, and the Frera Motorcycle Museum.

Province of Varese
The province of Varese (Italian: provincia di Varese) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is Varese, but the largest city is Busto Arsizio. The headquarters of AgustaWestland, the company merged into Leonardo since 2016 and the world's largest producer of helicopters, is based in Samarate, a comune (municipality) of the province. The province has 139 municipalities.

It has a population of 881,907 in an area of 1,198.11 square kilometres (462.59 sq mi), making it the 6th most densely populated province of Italy.
Erastus of Scepsis
Erastus of Scepsis (/ɪˈræstəs/; Greek: Ἔραστος Σκήψιος) and his brother Coriscus were students of Plato.  He was also a friend of Aristotle.

Scepsis is located about fifty kilometers from Assos in Asia Minor, to which Aristotle and Xenocrates traveled after Plato's death.

Scepsis
Scepsis or Skepsis (Ancient Greek: Σκῆψις or Σκέψις) was an ancient settlement in the Troad, Asia Minor that is at the present site of the village of Kurşunlutepe, near the town of Bayramiç in Turkey. The settlement is notable for being the location where the famous library of Aristotle was kept before being moved to Pergamum and Alexandria. It was also home to Metrodorus of Scepsis and Demetrius of Scepsis.
Gratis Internet
Gratis Internet was an American referral marketing company based in Washington D.C. that rewarded customers with technological consumer products of high-demand such as the iPod and PlayStation 3. In 2004, it became a member of the Inc. 500 and in 2005 ranked eighteenth. Its name comes from the Latin word Gratis, meaning "free of charge". The company stopped operating entirely or was bought by another company around 2010.

Following its rise and eventual closure, Gratis Internet was a subject of repeated criticism for its false advertising in regards to products it offered being entirely "free" and general business structure that, as a referral system, was by design an unsustainable pyramid scheme where only early adopters could profit in short term.

Final good
A final good or consumer good is a final product ready for sale that is used by the consumer to satisfy current wants or needs, unlike an intermediate good, which is used to produce other goods. A microwave oven or a bicycle is a final good.

When used in measures of national income and output, the term "final goods" includes only new goods. For example, gross domestic product (GDP) excludes items counted in an earlier year to prevent double counting based on resale of items. In that context, the economic definition of goods also includes what are commonly known as services.

Manufactured goods refer to products that have undergone processing or assembly, distinguishing them from raw materials.
Duvvuri
Duvvuri (Telugu: దువ్వూరి) is a Telugu surname. People using this surname generally hail from the village of Duvvur in Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh or from East and West Godavari districts in Andhra Pradesh. It was said that Duvvuri surname finds its origins in three villages - Balantaram, Kuyyeru, Masakapalle of East Godavari district in coastal Andhra Pradesh. Prominent personalities with this surname include Duvvuri Subbarao ( IAS, Ex RBI Governor).

West Godavari district
West Godavari district is a coastal district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh with an administrative headquarters in Bhimavaram. It is bounded by the Krishna district and Bay of Bengal to the south, East Godavari district to the east, and Eluru district, Kolleru Lake and Upputeru Drain to the northwest.
Rade Krunić
Rade Krunić (pronounced [râːde krûːnitɕ]; born 7 October 1993) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Serbian SuperLiga club Red Star Belgrade and the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team.

Krunić started his professional career at Sutjeska Foča, before joining Donji Srem in 2013. In 2014, he moved to Hellas Verona, who loaned him back to Donji Srem later that year. In 2015, he switched to Borac Čačak. Later that year, he signed with Empoli. Five years later, Krunić was transferred to Milan, who sent him on loan to Fenerbahçe in 2024, with whom he signed permanently later that year. He moved to Red Star Belgrade in 2024.

A former youth international for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Krunić made his senior international debut in 2016, earning over 30 caps since.

Serbian Cup
The Serbian Cup (Serbian: Куп Србије / Kup Srbije), also known as Mozzart Serbian Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the national football cup of Serbia. The winner of the competition gets a spot in the UEFA Europa League qualifying round.
August Friedrich Schweigger
August Friedrich Schweigger (8 September 1783 – 28 June 1821) was a German naturalist born in Erlangen. He was the younger brother of scientist Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger (1779-1857).

He studied medicine, zoology and botany at Erlangen, and following graduation spent time in Berlin (from 1804) and Paris (from 1806). In 1809 he was appointed professor of botany and medicine at the University of Königsberg. In 1815, he was elected a corresponding member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. On a research trip to Sicily, he was murdered near Agrigento on 28 June 1821.

The plant genus Schweiggeria from the family Violaceae is named in his honor.

In the scientific field of herpetology, he is best known for his 1812 monograph of turtles, in which he described several new species which are still valid.

Violaceae
Violaceae is a family of flowering plants established in 1802, consisting of about 1000 species in about 25 genera. It takes its name from the genus Viola,  the violets and pansies.

Older classifications such as the Cronquist system placed the Violaceae in an order named after it, the Violales or the Parietales. However, molecular phylogeny studies place the family in the Malpighiales as reflected in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification, with 41 other families, where it is situated in the parietal clade of 11 families. Most of the species are found in three large genera, Viola, Rinorea and Hybanthus. The other genera are largely monotypic or oligotypic. The genera are grouped into four clades within the family. The species are largely tropical or subtropical but Viola has a number of species in temperate regions. Many genera have a very restricted distribution.
Jonai Girls' College
Jonai Girls' College, established in 1993, is a women's general degree college situated at Jonai, in Dhemaji district, Assam. This college is affiliated with the Dibrugarh University. This college offers bachelor's degree courses in arts.

Jonai
Jonai is the easternmost Co-District of Dhemaji District  in India's Assam State, about 554 kilometers away from the state capital, Dispur. It covers a total area of 1181.2 sq. km. and is bounded by Arunachal Pradesh in the north, Lali and Brahmaputra River in the south, Sipiya river and Sadiya Subdivision of Tinsukia district in the east, and Simen River in the west. The Co-District has the easternmost railway station of the Indian Railways, called Murkongselek railway station, in Dhemaji District. Its local residents are the Mising, Assamese and Gorkha. Some tourist attractions include the Poba Wildlife Sanctuary, which is located 3 miles away.
MasterChef: Back to Win
MasterChef: Back to Win is a format within the MasterChef franchise in which contestants from previous seasons (either of the main show or its junior series) compete for a second time. Two seasons of the Australian series and one each of the American series and the Canadian series have used the name.

MasterChef Australia series 12 aired in Australia in 2020

MasterChef Canada season 7 aired in Canada in 2021

MasterChef season 12 aired in the United States in 2022

MasterChef Australia series 17 aired in Australia in 2025

Junior MasterChef
Junior MasterChef is a British TV cookery competition, broadcast by the BBC, in which nine to twelve-year-olds compete to be crowned "Junior MasterChef". It is a spin-off from the main British series of MasterChef.

Junior MasterChef first ran from 1994 to 1999, presented by Loyd Grossman. After a long hiatus, it was revived in 2010 in a revamped format, presented by writer and actress Nadia Sawalha, who won the 2007 series of Celebrity MasterChef, and professional chef John Torode, who also presents MasterChef. The revival series was commissioned by CBBC controller Anne Gilchrist and produced by Shine Television and was broadcast on CBBC and BBC One. A further series was commissioned in 2012 for broadcast on CBBC and again in 2014.