hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mike Jensen
Mike Lindemann Jensen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈmɑjk ˈjensn̩]; born 19 February 1988) is a Danish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for and captains Danish 1st Division club HB Køge. He has also been capped by Denmark.

Jensen joined the Brøndby youth academy at age 13 and made his professional debut for the club in the 2006–07 season as a promising talent. After a loan to Malmö FF, he grew into a key figure on the Brøndby team, making well above 100 appearances for the club. In February 2013, Jensen left for Norway to play for top-tier club Rosenborg. There, he became team captain and was part of the squad's winning four league titles and three Norwegian Cups.

Jensen made his senior international debut for Denmark in August 2010.

2016 Tippeligaen
The 2016 Tippeligaen was the 72nd completed season of top-tier football in Norway. The competition began on 11 March 2016. Due to the 2016 UEFA European Championship, there was a break between the rounds played on 29 May and 3 July. The decisive matches of the home-and-away season were played on 6 November 2016. A promotion/relegation play-off between the third-from-bottom team of the Tippeligaen and the winner of the promotion play-offs of the 2016 1. divisjon was contested on 30 November and 4 December 2016.

The league was contested by 16 teams: the 13 best teams of the 2015 season; the two teams who won direct promotion from the 2015 1. divisjon, Sogndal and Brann; and Start, who won the promotion/relegation play-off finals against Jerv.

The 2016 season was the last season the league was named Tippeligaen. The league changed its name to Eliteserien ahead of the 2017 season, a non-sponsor affiliated name controlled by the Football Association of Norway.
Jeremy Geia
Murrumu Walubara Yidindji, Saint Murrumu of Walubara (born 1974), also known by his former western name Jeremy Geia, is a Yidindji man, former journalist, and Australian Aboriginal activist. He is the foreign affairs minister of the Sovereign Yidindji Government micronation, having renounced his Australian citizenship in 2014.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
The Edinburgh History of the Greeks
The Edinburgh History of the Greeks is a book series published by Edinburgh University Press and edited by Thomas Gallant. The series is planned to feature 10 volumes, "covering the history of Greece and the Greeks over the last 3,500 years, from antiquity to the present." It has run from 2011 to the present, with an upcoming volume scheduled for 2021. The series has featured well-known contributors, such as Florin Curta, Nicholas Doumanis, Thomas Gallant, Molly Greene, Antonis Liakos and Joseph Manning. It is notable due to the concise histories and the fresh perspectives the series provides, as well as its innovative combination of political, social and cultural histories.

Political history
Political history is the narrative and survey of political events, ideas, movements, organs of government, voters, parties and leaders. It is closely related to other fields of history, including diplomatic history, constitutional history, social history, people's history, and public history. Political history studies the organization and operation of power in large societies.

From approximately the 1960s onwards, the rise of competing subdisciplines, particularly social history and cultural history, led to a decline in the prominence of "traditional" political history, which tended to focus on the activities of political elites. In the two decades from 1975 to 1995, the proportion of professors of history in American universities identifying with social history rose from 31% to 41%, and the proportion of political historians fell from 40% to 30%.
Facial electromyography
Facial electromyography (fEMG) refers to an electromyography (EMG) technique that measures muscle activity by detecting and amplifying the tiny electrical impulses that are generated by muscle fibers when they contract.

It primarily focuses on two major muscle groups in the face, the corrugator supercilii group which is associated with frowning and the zygomaticus major muscle group which is associated with smiling.

Zygomaticus major muscle
The zygomaticus major muscle is a muscle of the face. It arises from either zygomatic arch (cheekbone); it inserts at the corner of the mouth. It is innervated by branches of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII).

It is a muscle of facial expression, which draws the angle of the mouth superiorly and posteriorly to allow one to smile. Bifid zygomaticus major muscle is a notable variant, and may cause cheek dimples.
Catrail
The Catrail is a linear earthwork in Roxburghshire, southern Scotland.
It runs from Robert's Linn (55°18′56.7″N 2°43′47.56″W﻿ / ﻿55.315750°N 2.7298778°W﻿ / 55.315750; -2.7298778), a burn (stream) flowing into the Slitrig Water, westward and north-westward to the head of the Dean Burn (55°24′3.74″N 2°59′0.18″W﻿ / ﻿55.4010389°N 2.9833833°W﻿ / 55.4010389; -2.9833833), a tributary of the Borthwick Water. It is about 11.5 mi (18.5 km) long (as the crow flies), and consists of a ditch and bank. The Deil's Dyke was once considered to extend to the Catrail.

Roxburghshire
Roxburghshire or the County of Roxburgh is a historic county and registration county in the Southern Uplands of Scotland. It borders Dumfriesshire to the west, Selkirkshire and Midlothian to the northwest, and Berwickshire to the north. To the southwest it borders Cumberland and to the southeast Northumberland, both in England.

It was named after the Royal Burgh of Roxburgh, a town which declined markedly in the 15th century and is no longer in existence. Latterly, the county town of Roxburghshire was Jedburgh.

The county has much the same area as Teviotdale, the basin drained by the River Teviot and tributaries, together with the adjacent stretch of the Tweed into which it flows. The term is often treated as synonymous with Roxburghshire, but may omit Liddesdale as Liddel Water drains to the west coast.
HSC Winnipeg Children's Hospital
HSC Winnipeg Children's Hospital, formerly known as the Children's Hospital of Winnipeg, is a children's hospital that forms part of the Health Sciences Centre integrated health care facility in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The hospital serves patients from Manitoba, Nunavut, and northwestern Ontario.

Northwestern Ontario
Northwestern Ontario is a secondary region of Northern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario which lies north and west of Lake Superior and west of Hudson Bay and James Bay. It includes most of subarctic Ontario. Its western boundary is the Canadian province of Manitoba, which disputed Ontario's claim to the western part of the region. Ontario's right to Northwestern Ontario was determined by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in 1884 and confirmed by the Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act, 1889, of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. In 1912, the Parliament of Canada by the Ontario Boundaries Extension Act gave jurisdiction over the District of Patricia to Ontario, thereby extending the northern boundary of the province to Hudson Bay.
Temporary resident
A temporary resident is a foreign national granted the right to stay in a country for a certain length of time (e.g. with a visa or residency permit), without full citizenship. This may be for study, business, or other reasons.

Various countries have their own rules or policies relating to temporary residency:-

North America
Temporary residency in the United States
Temporary residency in Canada

South America
Temporary Residency in Brazil

Asia:
Temporary residency in China

European Union:
German residence permit
Temporary residency in the Czech Republic
Temporary residency in Poland
Temporary residency in Estonia
Temporary residency in Lithuania
Portugal Golden Visa

Other
Temporary residency in Australia
Temporary residency in South Africa

Student
A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject.

In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary schools are "pupils".
SS Ben-my-Chree (1927)
TSS (RMS) Ben-my-Chree (IV) No. 145304 – the fourth vessel in the company's history to be so named – was a passenger ferry operated by the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company between 1927 and 1965.

Ben-my-Chree was built in 1927 at the Cammell Laird shipyard, Birkenhead. She was the first steamer built after World War I for the Steam Packet Co.

Upon the ordering of the vessel by the Steam Packet, a contracted cost of £185,000 was agreed. However, early construction was then held up by the long coal strike of 1926. Steel had to be purchased from Continental sources, and her keel was not laid until November of that year.

Official number
Official numbers are ship identifier numbers assigned to merchant ships by their country of registration. Each country developed its own official numbering system, some on a national and some on a port-by-port basis, and the formats have sometimes changed over time. As an internationally recognized ship identifier, national official numbers have largely been superseded by the IMO number, though flag states still use national systems, which also cover those vessels not subject to the IMO regulations.
Robert W. Mitchell
Robert Wetsel Mitchell (April 25, 1933 – March 18, 2010) was an American invertebrate zoologist and photographer who was particularly active in the study of the biology of caves.

Mitchell was awarded Bachelor of Science (1954) and Master of Science (1955) degrees from Texas Tech University, and Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Texas at Austin in 1961. He was in the United States Air Force Medical Service from 1955 to 1957.

Genera and species Mitchell described include Typhlochactas (1971), Typhlochactas reddelli (1968), Typhlochactas rhodesi (1968) and Sotanochactas elliotti (1971).

Typhlochactas mitchelli or Pseudocellus mitchelli are named in honor of Mitchell.

Invertebrate zoology
Invertebrate zoology is the subdiscipline of zoology that consists of the study of invertebrates, animals without a backbone (a structure which is found only in fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals).

Invertebrates are a vast and very diverse group of animals that includes sponges, echinoderms, tunicates, numerous different phyla of worms, molluscs, arthropods and many additional phyla. Single-celled organisms or protists are usually not included within the same group as invertebrates.
Kombinator
Kombinator is an independently released studio album by Canadian alternative rock duo The Inbreds in 1994, produced by Dave Clark of Rheostatics.

Kombinator reached number one on the Canadian national campus radio charts and was nominated for a Juno Award in 1996 for Best Alternative Album.

The single "Any Sense of Time" received a MuchMusic Video Award nomination for Best Alternative Video.

Kombinator received a 1997 re-release on Sloan's Murderecords. It was reissued on vinyl in 2016 by Label Obscura, alongside both of the band's later albums It's Sydney or the Bush and Winning Hearts.

IHeartRadio MMVAs
The iHeartRadio Much Music Video Awards were an awards show broadcast annually on Much from 1990 to 2018, and Fuse from 2010 to 2013 that honoured the year's best music videos.

Originally debuting in 1990 as the Canadian Music Video Awards, the awards were renamed in 1995 to the MuchMusic Video Awards. In 2016, the show was rebranded under the iHeartRadio banner after Much's parent company, Bell Media, reached a licensing agreement with iHeartMedia. The show's full name was officially dropped in 2018. The 2018 edition would ultimately be the last, amidst the scaling back and eventual discontinuation of all music programming on the channel due to declining ratings.
San Diego Mountain Rescue Team
The San Diego Mountain Rescue Team (SDMRT) is a volunteer organization in San Diego County, California, operating under the jurisdiction of the San Diego County Sheriff's Office. With approximately 70 active members, SDMRT responds to calls at any time to search for and rescue missing, injured or stranded persons in San Diego County and, through mutual-aid requests, in other counties within the state of California.

SDMRT is a fully accredited member of the international Mountain Rescue Association as well as an accredited Type I Mountain Search and Rescue Team. It routinely works with the San Diego Sheriff's Office Search and Rescue Bureau and San Diego's Aerial Support to Regional Enforcement Agencies (ASTREA) on operations within the county. On operations outside of San Diego County, SDMRT works under the particular law enforcement agency for the region in question.

Mountain rescue in the United States
In the United States, mountain rescue is handled by professional teams within some national parks and by volunteer teams elsewhere.   Volunteer teams are often members of the Mountain Rescue Association (MRA).

Under the National Incident Management System,  mountain rescue unit qualifications are standardized.

Occasionally there are editorials or legislative bills suggesting that climbers should be charged for rescues, particularly after a sensational high-profile rescue. The American Alpine Club has released a report explaining the costs of a rescue and the potential problems resulting from charging for rescues. The MRA has issued a similar defense of climbers interests.
William MacCaw
William John MacGeagh MacCaw (1850 – 3 March 1928) was a British politician and Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

He was elected as the Irish Unionist Party MP for the West Down constituency at the 1908 West Down by-election, defeating the Independent Unionist candidate Andrew Beattie.

He was re-elected unopposed at the January 1910 and December 1910 general elections.

In February 1918 he was living in Godstone in Surrey, and was convicted of food hoarding.  He did not contest the 1918 general election that was held later that year.

January 1910 United Kingdom general election
The January 1910 United Kingdom general election was held from 15 January to 10 February 1910 to elect all 670 members of the House of Commons. Called amid a constitutional crisis after the Conservative-dominated House of Lords rejected the People's Budget, the Liberal government, seeking a mandate, lost their majority.

The result was a hung parliament: Arthur Balfour’s Conservatives and their Liberal Unionist allies won the most votes, but Asquith’s Liberals secured the most seats, edging out the Conservatives by two. With Irish Parliamentary Party support, Asquith remained in power. Another election followed in December.

The Labour Party, led by Arthur Henderson, returned 40 MPs. Much of this apparent increase (from the 29 Labour MPs elected in 1906) came from the defection, a few years earlier, of Lib Lab MPs from the Liberal Party to Labour.
Argenvières
Argenvières (French pronunciation: [aʁʒɑ̃vjɛʁ]) is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France, by the banks of the river Loire and on the Canal latéral à la Loire, about 30 miles (48 km) east of Bourges.

Cher (department)
Cher (/ʃɛər/ SHAIR; French: [ʃɛʁ] ⓘ; Berrichon: Char) is a department in central France, part of the Centre-Val de Loire region. Named after the river Cher, its prefecture is Bourges. In 2019, it had a population of 302,306.
Foxcote Reservoir and Wood
Foxcote Reservoir and Wood is a 48.3-hectare (119-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest between Akeley and Maids Moreton in Buckinghamshire, England.  An  area of 34 hectares is managed by the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust.

The reservoir was created in 1956 by damming a small tributary of the River Great Ouse, and is important for wintering wildfowl, especially shoveler ducks and Bewick's swans. The area around the reservoir has woodland, meadows and ponds. Plants include the greater butterfly orchid and the herb Paris quadrifolia.

Tundra swan
The tundra swan (Cygnus columbianus) is a small swan of the Holarctic. The two taxa within it are usually regarded as conspecific, but are also sometimes split into two species: Bewick's swan (Cygnus bewickii) of the Palaearctic and the whistling swan (C. columbianus) proper of the Nearctic. Birds from eastern Russia (roughly east of the Taymyr Peninsula) are sometimes separated as the subspecies C. c. jankowskii, but this is not widely accepted as distinct, with most authors including them in C. c. bewickii.

Bewick's swan was named in 1830 by William Yarrell after the engraver Thomas Bewick, who specialised in illustrations of birds and animals. Cygnus is the Latin for "swan", and  columbianus comes from the Columbia River, the type locality.
Aldemaro Romero Jr.
Aldemaro Romero Jr. (born September 11, 1951) is a Venezuelan/American scientist, communicator, and public intellectual. He has published more than 1,100 works, more than 30 books and monographs, and produced, directed, written and/or hosted more than 1500 radio shows and 400 TV shows and documentaries in areas ranging from science to history and philosophy. He is known for his approaches of combining field, laboratory and archival studies from different disciplines.

Romero served as dean  of the College of Arts and Sciences at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville until 2015 and became dean of the George and Mildred Weissman School of Arts and Sciences at Baruch College/City University of New York, in July 2016. He was named Dean Emeritus by the International Council of Fine Arts Deans in 2021. Also that year he became a visiting scholar at the University of Miami, FL.

Arkansas State University
Arkansas State University (A-State or ASU) is a public research university in Jonesboro, Arkansas, United States. It is the flagship campus of the Arkansas State University System and the second-largest university in the state. The university was founded in 1909 and is located atop 1,376 acres (557 hectares) on Crowley's Ridge.

Arkansas State University is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Tuam (Parliament of Ireland constituency)
Tuam was a borough constituency which elected two MPs representing Tuam, County Galway, to the Irish House of Commons, the house of representatives of the Kingdom of Ireland. It was incorporated by a 1614 charter of James I. It originally belonged to the Church of Ireland Archbishop of Tuam, before later passing into the control of the Clanmorris branch of the Bingham family. It was disenfranchised by the Acts of Union 1800.

Acts of Union 1800
The Acts of Union 1800 (Irish: Achtanna an Aontais 1800) were parallel acts of the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland which united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland (previously in personal union) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The acts came into force between 31 December 1800 and 1 January 1801, and the merged Parliament of the United Kingdom had its first meeting on 22 January 1801.

Provisions of the acts remain in force, with amendments and some Articles repealed, in the United Kingdom, but they have been repealed in their entirety in the Republic of Ireland.
Hough function
In applied mathematics, the Hough functions are the eigenfunctions of Laplace's tidal equations which govern fluid motion on a rotating sphere. As such, they are relevant in geophysics and meteorology where they form part of the solutions for atmospheric and ocean waves. These functions are named in honour of Sydney Samuel Hough.

Each Hough mode is a function of latitude and may be expressed as an infinite sum of associated Legendre polynomials; the functions are orthogonal over the sphere in the continuous case. Thus they can also be thought of as a generalized Fourier series in which the basis functions are the normal modes of an atmosphere at rest.

Normal mode
A normal mode of a dynamical system is a pattern of motion in which all parts of the system move sinusoidally with the same frequency and with a fixed phase relation.  The free motion described by the normal modes takes place at fixed frequencies.  These fixed frequencies of the normal modes of a system are known as its natural frequencies or resonant frequencies.  A physical object, such as a building, bridge, or molecule, has a set of normal modes and their natural frequencies that depend on its structure, materials and boundary conditions.

The most general motion of a linear system is a superposition of its normal modes. The modes are "normal" in the sense that they move independently. An excitation of one mode will never cause excitation of a different mode. In mathematical terms, normal modes are orthogonal to each other.
6th Battalion, 14th Field Artillery (United States)
The 6th Battalion, 14th Field Artillery Regiment (United States) was a field artillery battalion of the United States Army. The unit nickname follows the 14th Field Artillery nickname "Warbonnets" with the motto "Ex Hoc Signo Victoria" (Victory By This Sign)

14th Field Artillery Regiment
The 14th Field Artillery Regiment is a parent field artillery regiment of the United States Army, currently represented in the Regular Army by its 1st Battalion, a HIMARS unit with the 75th Field Artillery Brigade at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.

The regiment was first organized on 1 June 1917 in the Regular Army at Fort Sill, having been constituted almost a year earlier.
Staburadze
Staburags or Staburadze was an unusual 18-meter (59 ft) high cliff on the bank of the Daugava River in Latvia shaped and formed by lime-rich springs. According to a legend, it was once a girl in mourning who was petrified.

Since 1965, the cliff has been submerged at a depth of 6.5 meters (21 ft) due to the construction of the Pļaviņas Hydroelectric Power Station dam.

Petrifaction in mythology and fiction
Petrifaction, or petrification, defined as turning people into solid stone, is a common theme in folklore and mythology, as well as in some works of modern literature. Amos Brown noted that "Fossils are to be found all over the world, a clear evidence to human beings from earliest times that living beings can indeed turn into stone (...) Previous to the modern scientific accounts of how fossils are formed, the idea of magicians or gods turning living creatures into stone seemed completely plausible in terms of these cultures".
2013 Uruguay Open
The 2013 Uruguay Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Montevideo, Uruguay between October 28 and November 3, 2012.

Pablo Cuevas
Pablo Gabriel Cuevas Urroz (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpaβlo ˈkweβas]; born 1 January 1986) is a Uruguayan tennis coach and a former professional player. Cuevas won the 2008 French Open men's doubles title with Luis Horna, and was especially noted throughout his career for spectacular trickshots.

Cuevas won six singles titles and had a career-high singles ranking of world No. 19, achieved in August 2016. His career-high doubles ranking was No. 14, achieved in April 2009.

In September 2019, Cuevas led the Uruguayan Davis Cup team to a victory over the Dominican Republic, winning entry into the highest Davis Cup tier, the World Group.