hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Configuration model
In network science, the Configuration Model is a family of random graph models designed to generate networks from a given degree sequence. Unlike simpler models such as the Erdős–Rényi model, Configuration Models preserve the degree of each vertex as a pre-defined property. This flexibility allows the modeler to construct networks with arbitrary degree distributions, making it widely used as a reference model for real-life networks, particularly in social, biological, and technological domains. The concept of "Configuration Model" was first introduced by Béla Bollobás, who laid the foundation for its application in graph theory and network science.

Degree (graph theory)
In graph theory, the degree (or valency) of a vertex of a graph is the number of edges that are incident to the vertex; in a multigraph, a loop contributes 2 to a vertex's degree, for the two ends of the edge. The degree of a vertex  is denoted  or . The maximum degree of a graph  is denoted by , and is the maximum of 's vertices' degrees. The minimum degree of a graph is denoted by , and is the minimum of 's vertices' degrees. In the multigraph shown on the right, the maximum degree is 5 and the minimum degree is 0.

In a regular graph, every vertex has the same degree, and so we can speak of the degree of the graph. A complete graph (denoted , where  is the number of vertices in the graph) is a special kind of regular graph where all vertices have the maximum possible degree, .

In a signed graph, the number of positive edges connected to a vertex  is called its positive degree and the number of connected negative edges is called  negative degree.
21 Kislev
The 21st day of Kislev, known as Kuf Alef Kislev (Hebrew: כ׳׳א בכסלו)  in Hungarian Yiddish pronunciation, is a day of celebration among the Satmar Hasidim. On this day of the Hebrew calendar, Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum was rescued from the Holocaust. The rabbi was one of 1,684 passengers who were transported out of Hungary by the so-called Kastner train.

Teitelbaum, a major rabbinic leader in pre-Holocaust Hungary, stepped onto Swiss soil on December 6, 1944. Later on, when he immigrated to the United States and succeeded to build the largest Hasidic community in the world, his day of rescue became a holiday and a major annual feast among his followers, also commemorated by some other Hasidic groups of Austro-Hungarian origin.

Kislev
Kislev or Chislev (Hebrew: כִּסְלֵו‎, Standard Kīslev Tiberian Kīslēw), is the third month of the civil year and the ninth month of the ecclesiastical year on the Hebrew calendar. In the Babylonian calendar its name was Kislimu.

In a regular (kesidran) year Kislev has 30 days, but because of the Rosh Hashanah postponement rules, in some years it can lose a day to make the year a "short" (chaser) year. Kislev is a month which occurs in November–December on the Gregorian calendar and is sometimes known as the month of dreams.

In Jewish Rabbinic literature, the month of Kislev is believed to correspond to the Tribe of Benjamin.
Andasta benoiti
Andasta benoiti is a species of ray spider that is endemic to the Seychelles. It is found on the islands of Mahé, Conception, Thérèse, North, Praslin, Marianne, Felicite and Denis. It is found in coastal woodlands. It is threatened by coastal development and habitat degradation from invasive plants, especially Cinnamomum verum.

Thérèse Island
Thérèse Island is a small island off the western coast of Mahé in the Seychelles.  It has 700 m long white sand beaches, with numerous coconut palms.  It has two rocky peaks which resemble a giant's staircase, the tallest, Thérèse Peak, being 164 metres (538 feet) above sea level. There is a reef protecting the south shore of the island. Thérèse Island, along with its sister island Conception Island, is part of Port Glaud district of Mahé, the main island of the Seychelles.

The island is uninhabited but tourists frequently visit it for its water-sports including scuba diving, snorkeling, water skiing, sailing, windsurfing, and deep sea fishing.
Public holidays in Turkey
The official holidays in Turkey are established by the Act 2429 of 19 March  1981 that replaced the Act 2739 of 27 May 1935. These holidays can be grouped into national and religious holidays, which in total equal 15.5 days of public holiday.

Holiday
A holiday is a day or other period of time set aside for festivals or recreation. Public holidays are set by public authorities and vary by state or region. Religious holidays are set by religious organisations for their members and are often also observed as public holidays in religious majority countries. Some religious holidays, such as Christmas, have become secularised by part or all of those who observe them. In addition to secularisation, many holidays have become commercialised due to the growth of industry.

Holidays can be thematic, celebrating or commemorating particular groups, events, or ideas, or non-thematic, days of rest that do not have any particular meaning. In Commonwealth English, the term can refer to any period of rest from work, such as vacations or school holidays. In American English, "the holidays" typically refers to the period from Thanksgiving to New Year's (late November to January 1), which contains many important holidays in American culture.
Raymond Carver bibliography
The bibliography of Raymond Carver consists of 72 short stories, 306 poems, a novel fragment, a one-act play, a screenplay co-written with Tess Gallagher, and 32 pieces of non-fiction (essays, a meditation, introductions, and book reviews). In 2009, the 17 stories collected in What We Talk About When We Talk About Love were published in their manuscript form, prior to Gordon Lish's extensive editing, under the title Beginners.

Beginners (short story collection)
Beginners is the title given to the manuscript version of Raymond Carver's 1981 short story collection What We Talk About When We Talk About Love, published with the permission of Carver's widow Tess Gallagher in 2009.
Lucilla Morlacchi
Lucilla Morlacchi (29 April 1936 – 13 November 2014) was an Italian film, television and stage actress.

Born in Milan in 1936, Morlacchi studied at the Accademia dei Filodrammatici and made her theatrical debut in 1956 in the comedy play Il maggiore Barbara, with the stage company of Ernesto Calindri and Lina Volonghi.

On stage she worked with notable directors such as Luchino Visconti and Sergio Castellitto. In films, she was often cast in character roles, and may be best-remembered as "Concetta" in The Leopard.

Sergio Castellitto
Sergio Castellitto (born 18 August 1953) is an Italian actor, screenwriter, and film director whose career spans more than four decades, having appeared in more than 70 films across drama, adventure, and other genres. He has starred in dramas such as My Mother's Smile (2002), Don't Move (2004), and Twice Born (2012), while also reaching international audiences with roles in Mostly Martha (2001) and The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian (2008). He has often collaborated with his wife, author and screenwriter Margaret Mazzantini, who wrote several films he directed and starred in. In addition to multiple Italian film honors, Castellitto has been recognized with European and North American awards, and in 2024 he was part of the ensemble cast of Conclave, which won the 2025 Screen Actors Guild Award.
George Dames
George Dames (June 12, 1937 – December 29, 2024) was an American politician who was a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from 1971 to 1993.  Dames was educated at Assumption Elementary School and Assumption High School in O'Fallon, Missouri.  He married Millie Hepperman on June 27, 1970, in O'Fallon, Missouri.  Dames died at his home on December 29, 2024, at the age of 87.

O'Fallon, Missouri
O'Fallon (/oʊˈfælən/ oh-FAL-ən) is a city in St. Charles County, Missouri, United States. It is part of the St. Louis metropolitan statistical area, located along Interstates 64 and 70 between Lake St. Louis and St. Peters. As of the 2020 census, O'Fallon had a population of 91,316, making it the most populous suburb of St. Louis, as well as the most populous municipality in St. Charles County and the 7th most populous in Missouri. O'Fallon's namesake in St. Clair County, Illinois, is also part of the St. Louis region. The two cities are one of the few pairs of same-named municipalities to be part of the same metro area.
1985 Player's Canadian Open – Men's doubles
Peter Fleming and John McEnroe were the defending champions, but McEnroe opted to focus on the singles tournament. Fleming teamed up with Tom Gullikson and lost in the quarterfinals to Stefan Edberg and Anders Järryd.

Ken Flach and Robert Seguso won the title by defeating Edberg and Järryd 7–5, 7–6 in the final.

Peter Fleming (tennis)
Peter Blair Fleming (born January 21, 1955, in Chatham Borough, New Jersey) is an American former professional tennis player. In his doubles partnership with John McEnroe, he won 52 titles, of which seven were at Grand Slams (four at Wimbledon, three at the US Open). As a singles player, he peaked at world No. 8, winning three titles (including the 1979 Cincinnati Open).
Ioannis Athanasoulas
Ioannis Athanasoulas (alternate spellings: Giannis, Yiannis, Yannis, Athanassoulas) (Greek: Γιάννης Αθανασούλας; born January 21, 1987) is a Greek professional basketball player for Psychiko of the Greek A2 Basket League. He is a 2.02 m (6 ft 7+1⁄2 in) tall small forward–power forward.

Psychiko B.C.
Psychiko B.C. (alternate spelling: Psychikou) is a Greek professional basketball club that is located in Psychiko, Greece. The athletic club's full name is Athlitiki Enosi Psychikou (Greek: Αθλητική Ένωση Ψυχικού), which is abbreviated as A.E.PS. (Α.Ε.Ψ.), and which means Athletic Union of Psychiko.The home of the team is a small indoor hall called Psychiko Indoor Hall.
2023 Chrcynno Cessna 208 crash
On 17 July 2023, a privately owned Cessna 208 aircraft with three people on board crashed into a hangar at an airfield in Chrcynno, Poland. Six people – the plane's pilot and five people who were inside the hangar at that time – were killed and seven others were injured. The crash was the deadliest aviation accident in Poland since 2014, when eleven people died when a Piper PA-31P Navajo crashed near Topolów.

Piper PA-31 Navajo
The Piper PA-31 Navajo is a family of twin-engined low-wing tricycle gear utility aircraft designed and built by Piper Aircraft for small cargo and feeder airlines, and as a corporate aircraft. Production ran from 1967 to 1984. It was license-built in a number of Latin American countries.
As a service
"x as a service" (rendered as *aaS in acronyms) is a phrasal template for any business model in which a product use is offered as a subscription-based service rather than as an artifact owned and maintained by the customer. The converse of conducting or operating something "as a service" is doing the same using "on-premise" assets (such as on-premises software) or lump sum investments. Originating from the software-as-a-service concept that appeared in the 2010s with the advent of cloud computing, the template has expanded to numerous offerings in the field of information technology and beyond it. The term XaaS can mean "anything as a service".

The following is an alphabetical list of business models named in this way, including certain forms of cybercrime (criminal business models).

Front end and back end
In software development, front end refers to the presentation layer that users interact with, while back end refers to the data management and processing behind the scenes. "Full stack" refers to both together. In the client–server model, the client is usually considered the front end, handling most user-facing tasks, and the server is the back end, mainly managing data and logic.
2015–16 Northeastern Huskies men's basketball team
The 2015–16 Northeastern Huskies men's basketball team represented Northeastern University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Huskies, led by tenth year head coach Bill Coen, played their home games at Matthews Arena and were members of the Colonial Athletic Association. They finished the season 18–15, 9–9 in CAA play to finish in sixth place. They advanced to the semifinals of the CAA tournament where they lost to UNC Wilmington.

2016 CAA men's basketball tournament
The 2016 Colonial Athletic Association men's basketball tournament was held March 4–7, 2016 at Royal Farms Arena in Baltimore, Maryland. The champion, UNC Wilmington, received an automatic bid to the 2016 NCAA tournament.
Vlexx
Vlexx GmbH (stylized in lowercase in its logo) is a rail transport company based in Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany; it is a subsidiary of the Regentalbahn, which in turn has been part of the Italian state railway Ferrovie dello Stato (FS) since 2011 via its parent company Netinera. Vlexx operates local rail passenger transport exclusively with diesel railcars in Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland and Hesse as well as a connection to France on the Winden-Wissembourg railway line into the Alsace to the railway station of Wissembourg.

Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane S.p.A. (Italian pronunciation: [ferroˈviːe dello ˈstaːto itaˈljaːne]; lit. 'Italian State Railways JSC'; previously only Ferrovie dello Stato, hence the initialism FS) is Italy's national state-owned railway holding company that manages transport, infrastructure, real estate services and other services in Italy and other European countries.
Ken MacLeod
Kenneth Macrae MacLeod (born 2 August 1954) is a Scottish science fiction writer. His novels The Sky Road and The Night Sessions won the BSFA Award. MacLeod's novels have been nominated for the Arthur C. Clarke, Hugo, Nebula, Locus, and Campbell Memorial awards for best novel on multiple occasions. In 2024 MacLeod was one of the Guests of Honour at the 82nd World Science Fiction Convention  in Glasgow.

A techno-utopianist, MacLeod makes frequent use of libertarian socialist themes in his work; he is a three-time winner of the libertarian Prometheus Award. He sits on the advisory board of the Edinburgh Science Festival.

BSFA Award for Best Novel
The BSFA Awards are given every year by the British Science Fiction Association. The Best Novel award is open to any novel-length work of science fiction or fantasy that has been published in the UK for the first time in the previous year. Serialised novels are eligible, provided that the publication date of the concluding part is in the previous year. If a novel has been previously published elsewhere, but it hasn't been published in the UK until the previous year, it is eligible.
Akurana
Akurana (Sinhala: අකුරණ, Tamil: அக்குறணை) is a suburb of the city of Kandy in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. The town is situated 125 km (78 mi) from Colombo and 10 km (6.2 mi) from the centre of Kandy, on the Kandy-Matale road. Akurana lies along the A9 highway from Kandy to Matale, north of Katugastota. The town is surrounded by hills and rivers. The Balapitiya Oya, a tributary of the Pinga Oya river, runs through Akurana.

Akurana belongs to the Harispattuwa Electorate and was represented in Parliament by former Foreign Minister Abdul Cader Shahul Hameed for more than 33 years without interruption. Akurana area came under the local government authority of the Akurana Pradeshiya Sabhawa in the late 1980s and included the villages of Alawathugoda, Dunuwila, Pangollamada, Bulugohathenna, Waragashinna, Kurundugaha ela, Uggala, Kurugoda, Thelumbgahawaththa, Malgamandeniya and Dippitiya.

Matale
Matale (Sinhala: මාතලේ, IPA: [maːt̪əleː], Tamil: மாத்தளை, romanized: Māttaḷai, IPA: [maːt̪ɐɭɛi̯]) is a major city in Central Province, Sri Lanka. It is the administrative capital and largest urbanised city of Matale District. Matale is also the second largest urbanised and populated city in Central Province. It is located at the heart of the Central Highlands of the island and lies in a broad, green fertile valley at an elevation of 364 m (1,194 ft) above sea level. Surrounding the city are the Knuckles Mountain Range, the foothills were called Wiltshire by the British. They have also called this place as Matelle.
Paolo Pillitteri
Gian Paolo Pillitteri (5 December 1940 – 5 December 2024) was an Italian politician, film critic, and journalist. He was affiliated with the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) and the Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI). Pillitteri began his political career when the PSI and PSDI were unified. Following the 1969 party split, he joined the PSDI, which at the time was known as the Unitary Socialist Party (PSU), before it became the PSDI in 1971.

After returning to the PSI in 1976, Pillitteri served in the Chamber of Deputies in the Legislature IX (1983–1987) and Legislature XI (1992–1994). In 1985, he was elected as mayor by the City Council of Milan. He held this position until 1992. His political career ended due his involvement and subsequent conviction in the Tangentopoli scandal.

Legislature XI of Italy
The Legislature XI of Italy (Italian: XI Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) was the 11th legislature of the Italian Republic, and lasted from 23 April 1992 until 14 April 1994. Its composition was the one resulting from the general election of 5 and 6 April 1992. The election was called by President Cossiga on 3 February 1992.

This legislature was one of the shortest in the history of the Italian Republic and is considered the last one of the so-called "First Republic" (Italian: Prima Repubblica). Characterized by a huge political fragmentation, the legislature prematurely came to an end after many of the historical parties represented in Parliament were overwhelmed by Tangentopoli scandal and subsequently disbanded.
Lord High Treasurer of Ireland
The Lord High Treasurer of Ireland was the head of the Exchequer of Ireland, and chief financial officer of the Kingdom of Ireland. The designation High was added in 1695.

After the Acts of Union 1800 created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Consolidated Fund Act 1816 merged the Irish Inferior Exchequer into the British Treasury with effect from 1817.

The act also mandated that the post of Lord High Treasurer of Ireland could only be held together with the post of Treasurer of the Exchequer, with the person holding both being Lord High Treasurer. If no person is appointed to the combined positions, then the Lord High Treasurer of Ireland is placed in commission and represented by the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, as has been the case continuously since 1816.

The Superior Irish Exchequer, or Court of Exchequer, remained, led by the Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer.

Acts of Union 1800
The Acts of Union 1800 (Irish: Achtanna an Aontais 1800) were parallel acts of the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland which united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland (previously in personal union) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The acts came into force between 31 December 1800 and 1 January 1801, and the merged Parliament of the United Kingdom had its first meeting on 22 January 1801.

Provisions of the acts remain in force, with amendments and some Articles repealed, in the United Kingdom, but they have been repealed in their entirety in the Republic of Ireland.
French National School for the Judiciary
The French National School for the Judiciary (French: École nationale de la magistrature or ENM) is a French grande école, founded in 1958 by French President Charles de Gaulle and the father of the current French Constitution, Michel Debré, in order to encourage law students to embrace a judicial career. Originally referred to as the National Centre for Judicial Studies (French: Centre national d'études judiciaires), it was renamed the French National School for the Judiciary in 1972.

The ENM selects and undertakes initial training of the French Judiciary, which encompasses two different categories of professionals : judges and public prosecutors. It is considered to be of the most academically exceptional French schools, partly due to its low acceptance rates. In 2021, 4612 people were candidates for 150 admissions.

It is located in Bordeaux and has premises in Paris.

Constitution of France
The current Constitution of France was adopted on 4 October 1958. It is typically called the Constitution of the Fifth Republic (French: la Constitution de la Cinquième République), and it replaced the Constitution of the Fourth Republic of 1946, keeping it's preamble. The current Constitution regards the separation of church and state, democracy, social welfare, and indivisibility as core principles of the French state.

Charles de Gaulle was the main driving force in introducing the new constitution and inaugurating the Fifth Republic, while the text was drafted by Michel Debré. Since then, the constitution has been amended twenty-five times, notably in 2008 and most recently in 2024.
Chillicothe Junto
The Chillicothe Junto was a term applied to a group of Chillicothe, Ohio Democratic-Republican politicians who brought about the admission of Ohio as a state (1803) and largely controlled its politics for some years thereafter. The best known were Thomas Worthington, Edward Tiffin and Nathaniel Massie.

Chillicothe, Ohio
Chillicothe (/ˌtʃɪlɪˈkɒθi/ CHIL-ih-KOTH-ee) is a city in Ross County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 22,059 at the 2020 census. Located along the Scioto River 45 miles (72 km) south of Columbus, Chillicothe was the first and third capital of Ohio. It is the only city in Ross County and the center of the Chillicothe micropolitan area, which is a part of the Columbus, Ohio Combined Statistical Area. Chillicothe is a designated Tree City USA by the National Arbor Day Foundation.
Hillbilly Rock Hillbilly Roll
"Hillbilly Rock Hillbilly Roll" is a song by English country rock trio the Woolpackers, written by Eddie Phillips and Bob Garner of the Creation and produced by Nigel Wright. The song was created on the ITV soap opera Emmerdale, where three of the show's actors—Steve Halliwell, Billy Hartman, and Alun Lewis—attempt to cash in on the line dancing trend that was prominent in the United Kingdom at the time by performing the song as their characters on the programme.

"Hillbilly Rock Hillbilly Roll" was released as a single in the UK on 4 November 1996 and reached number five on the UK Singles Chart, earning a gold sales certification in October 2022 for sales and streams of over 400,000 units in the UK alone. The track stayed in the UK top 20 for nine weeks and was the country's 41st-best-selling single of 1996.

Country rock
Country rock is a music genre that fuses rock and country. It was developed by rock musicians who began to record country-flavored records and country musicians who implemented rock flavor into country records in the late 1960s and early 1970s. These musicians recorded records blending rock with country themes, vocal styles, and additional instrumentation, most characteristically pedal steel guitars. Country rock began in the late 60s with artists like the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, International Submarine Band, The Flying Burrito Brothers, The Byrds, Bob Dylan, Bob Seger and Poco, reaching its greatest popularity in the 1970s with artists such as Eagles, Grateful Dead, Gram Parsons and New Riders of the Purple Sage. Country rock also influenced artists in other genres, including The Band, the Grateful Dead, Creedence Clearwater Revival, The Rolling Stones, and George Harrison's solo work, as well as playing a part in the development of Southern rock.