hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Court-martial of William T. Colman
In 1943, U.S. Army colonel William Truman Colman (born October 10, 1903), commandant of the Selfridge Army Air Base, was court-martialed for shooting and wounding Private First Class William R. McRae. Colman shot McRae, an African-American driver, without provocation. He was convicted only on a reduced charge of careless use of a firearm and being drunk and disorderly, leading to protests over lenient treatment. The decision of the military court to reduce Colman's rank to captain led to protests over the leniency of the sentence.  After a further review by the Secretary of War, Colman was removed from military service.

Selfridge Air National Guard Base
Selfridge Air National Guard Base or Selfridge ANGB (IATA: MTC, ICAO: KMTC, FAA LID: MTC) is an Air National Guard installation located in Harrison Township, Michigan, near Mount Clemens.  Selfridge Field was one of thirty-two Air Service training camps established after the United States entry into World War I in April 1917.

The current commander of Selfridge Air National Guard Base is Brig. Gen. Leah Voelker, it's first female commanding officer.
Faller
Faller (stylised in all caps) is a German toy company founded in Stuttgart in 1946 by brothers Edwin and Hermann Faller. The company later relocated to the brothers' home town of Gütenbach in the Black Forest.

Faller now specializes in making scenery, plastic model kits and other accessories for model railroads but has manufactured a range of toys during its history, such as model airplane kits, the 'Auto Motor Sport' (AMS) slot car racing sets and die-cast model cars. Their modern product line includes railway structures, houses and commercial buildings, bridges, amusement rides and terrain accessories in H0, N, TT and Z scales, as well as the Faller Car System (FCS). Since 1997 Faller also owns the Pola brand, which is now solely devoted to G scale structures.

Faller's older toys and models can be highly collectable today, together with their early product catalogs.

Black Forest
The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald [ˈʃvaʁtsvalt] ⓘ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is the source of the Danube and Neckar rivers.

Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft) above sea level. Roughly oblong in shape, with a length of 160 kilometres (100 miles) and breadth of up to 50 km (30 mi), it has an area of about 6,009 km2 (2,320 sq mi).

Historically, the area was known for forestry and the mining of ore deposits, but tourism has now become the primary industry, accounting for around 300,000 jobs. There are several ruined military fortifications dating back to the 17th century.
Hodes
Hodes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Art Hodes (1904–1993), American jazz pianist

Charlie Hodes (1848–1875), American baseball player

Charlotte Hodes (born 1959), English artist

Henry I. Hodes (1899–1962), United States Army general

Joan Hodes  (1925–2022), British watercolourist and oil painter

Louis Hodes (1934–2008), American mathematician, computer scientist and cancer researcher

Paul Hodes (born 1951), American politician

Richard S. Hodes (1924–2002), American politician

Rick Hodes (born 1953), American physician

Rick Hodes
Richard Michael Hodes (born May 30, 1953) is an American physician specializing in cancer, heart disease, and spinal conditions. Since the 1980s he has worked in Ethiopia and has adopted a number of children from the country. He is medical director of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. He is the consultant at a Catholic mission working with sick destitutes suffering from heart disease (rheumatic and congenital), spine disease (TB and scoliosis), and cancer. He has worked with refugees in Rwanda, Zaire, Tanzania, Somalia, and Albania and was previously responsible for the health of Ethiiopians immigrating to Israel.
1st Michigan Legislature
The 1st Michigan Legislature, consisting of the Michigan Senate and the Michigan House of Representatives, met in Detroit in three sessions between November 2, 1835, and July 26, 1836, during the first year of Stevens T. Mason's governorship of the (prospective) state.

The legislature met with the expectation that Michigan would be granted statehood during this time, but this was delayed until January 1837. During the first part of the 1st Legislature's term, there were two parallel governments in the portion of Michigan Territory that was covered by the newly drafted state constitution.

Michigan Senate
The Michigan Senate is the upper house of the Michigan Legislature. Along with the Michigan House of Representatives, it composes the state legislature, which has powers, roles and duties defined by Article IV of the Michigan Constitution, adopted in 1963. The primary purpose of the Legislature is to enact new laws and amend or repeal existing laws.

The Michigan Senate is composed of 38 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of between approximately 212,400 to 263,500 residents. Legislative districts are drawn on the basis of population figures, provided by the federal decennial census. In January 2023, Democrats took the majority with 20 seats to Republicans' 18 seats. The Senate chamber is located in the State Capitol building.
Väätsa Parish
Väätsa Parish (Estonian: Väätsa vald) was a rural municipality in central Estonia. It was a part of Järva County. The municipality had a population of 1,479 (as of 1 January 2004) and covered an area of 195.33 km2. The population density was 7.6 inhabitants per km2.

Administrative centre of the municipality was Väätsa small borough (alevik). There were also 10 villages in Väätsa Parish: Aasuvälja, Lõõla, Piiumetsa, Reopalu, Röa, Roovere, Saueaugu, Ülejõe, Väljataguse, Vissuvere.

Lõõla
Lõõla is a village in Türi Parish, Järva County, in central Estonia. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 123.

The largest dairy farm in the Baltic states, is located in the village of Lõõla. It is owned by Väätsa Agro and accommodates 2,200 milk cows.
1931 Kenyan general election
General elections were held in Kenya Colony in 1931. Five of the eleven white seats in the Legislative Council were uncontested, with Lord Delamere amongst those returned unopposed. Unlike previous elections, which were boycotted by the Indian population, this time the community participated. Fourteen candidates including two independents contested the five Indian seats. However, seven of them declared that they would not take their seats on the Council if elected until the separate voter rolls for whites and Indians were scrapped.

Hugh Cholmondeley, 3rd Baron Delamere
Hugh Cholmondeley, 3rd Baron Delamere, KCMG (/ˈtʃʌmli/ CHUM-lee; 28 April 1870 – 13 November 1931), styled The Honourable from birth until 1887, was a British peer.  He was one of the first and most influential British settlers in Kenya.

Lord Delamere was the son of Hugh Cholmondeley, 2nd Baron Delamere, and his second wife, Augusta Emily Seymour, daughter of Sir George Hamilton Seymour.

Lord Delamere moved to Kenya in 1901 and acquired vast land holdings from the British Crown. Over the years, he became the unofficial 'leader' of the colony's European community. He was as famous for his tireless labours to establish a working agricultural economy in East Africa as he was for childish antics among his European friends when he was at his leisure.
2005 NCAA Division I men's tennis championships
The 2005 NCAA Division I men's tennis championships were the 59th annual championships hosted by the NCAA to determine the individual, doubles, and team national champions of men's collegiate tennis among its Division I member programs in the United States, culminating the 2005 NCAA Division I tennis season.

UCLA defeated defending champions Baylor in the championship match, 4–3, to claim the Bruins' sixteenth team national title and first since 1984.

Baylor Bears men's tennis
The Baylor Bears men's tennis team represents Baylor University in NCAA Division I college tennis. The team is part of the Big 12 Conference and plays home matches at the Hurd Tennis Center. The Bears are currently led by interim head coach Michael Woodson.
Nasonovo
Nasonovo (Russian: Насоново) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Nasonovskoye Rural Settlement, Valuysky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,028 as of 2010. There are 17 streets.

Valuysky District
Valuysky District (Russian: Валу́йский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Valuysky Municipal District. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,709.6 square kilometers (660.1 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Valuyki (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 33,845 (2010 Census); 36,601 (2002 Census); 38,293 (1989 Soviet census).
Albert Trapp
Albert Friedrich Trapp (October 2, 1886 – January 9, 1953) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada.  He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1951 until his death.

Trapp was the son of Wilhelm Trapp, a German immigrant. In 1913, he married Charlotte Arnhold. He served on the council for the Rural Municipality of Brokenhead, also serving as reeve, was a school trustee and helped found the Brokenhead Agricultural Society.

Trapp was elected to the Manitoba legislature in a by-election held in St. Clements on October 24, 1950, following the death of the previous member, Nicholas Stryk.  He easily defeated candidates from the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation and Labour Progressive Party, and served as a backbench supporter of Douglas Campbell's government.

Trapp's time in the legislature was brief, as he died in office in Beausejour in 1953.  His son, A.A. Trapp, also served in the legislature in the 1950s.

Beausejour, Manitoba
Beausejour (/ˌboʊzəˈʒʊər/) is a town in the Canadian province of Manitoba.  It is 46 kilometres northeast of Winnipeg, just west of the Canadian Shield and Whiteshell Provincial Park.  The French name Beauséjour [beau + séjour] means "beautiful stay".  The town is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Brokenhead.
Zadko Observatory
Zadko Observatory is an astronomical observatory (obs. code: D20) located within the Wallingup Plain in the Gingin shire, Western Australia. It is owned and operated by the University of Western Australia.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
2000 NBA Finals
The 2000 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association's (NBA) 1999–2000 season, and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers defeated the Eastern Conference champion Indiana Pacers 4 games to 2. The series was played under a best-of-seven format, with the Lakers holding home court advantage. The series featured the number one seeds from both conferences. This marked Indiana's first NBA Finals appearance. The Pacers would not return to the NBA Finals until 2025. Lakers center Shaquille O'Neal was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player (MVP) of the series, his first of three consecutive honors, in arguably one of the greatest NBA Finals performances in history, putting up 38.0 points, 16.7 rebounds, and 2.7 blocks per game.

Personal foul (basketball)
In basketball, a personal foul is a breach of the rules concerning personal contact with an opponent. It is the most common type of foul in basketball. A player fouls out on reaching a limit on personal fouls for the game and is disqualified from participation in the remainder of the game.

Players routinely initiate illegal contact to purposely affect the play, hoping it is seen as too minor to be ruled a foul. The threshold is subjective and varies among officials and from game to game. Most contact fouls are not regarded as unsportsmanlike. However, excessive or unjustified contact is penalized more severely. The NBA refers to these as flagrant fouls; other rulebooks call them unsportsmanlike or disqualifying fouls.
Nao Kodaira
Nao Kodaira (Japanese: 小平 奈緒; born 26 May 1986) is a Japanese former long track speed skater who specialised in the sprint distances.

She is the 2018 Olympic champion in the 500 m distance. Kodaira is the first Japanese woman to win an Olympic gold medal in speed skating.

In 2009, she graduated from Shinshu University with a bachelor's degree in education.

Long-track speed skating
Long-track speed skating, usually simply referred to as speed skating, is the Olympic discipline of speed skating where competitors are timed while crossing a set distance. It is also a sport for leisure. Sports such as ice skating marathon, short-track speedskating, inline speedskating, and quad speed skating are also called speed skating.

Long-track speed skating enjoys large popularity in the Netherlands and has also had champion athletes from Austria, Canada, China, Finland, Germany, Japan, Italy, Norway, Poland, South Korea, Russia, Sweden, the Czech Republic and the United States. Speed skaters attain maximum speeds of 60 km/h (37 mph).
Sŭngri Petrochemical Complex
The Sŭngri Petrochemical Complex (승리화학련합기업소) is a Russian-design oil refinery, with a capacity of 2 million tons, located in Sŏnbong, Rasŏn Special Economic Zone, North Korea. It was served by the Sŭngri Line of the Korean State Railway. The refinery was constructed with aid from the Soviet Union under the North-Soviet Union Agreement for Cooperation on Economy, Science and Technology.

Construction of the refinery began in August 1968 and completed in 1973. A second phase was completed in 1979. The refinery has ceased operations since 1994.

Sonbong-guyok
Sŏnbong-guyŏk, formerly called Unggi (Korean: 웅기; Hanja: 雄基), is a subdivision of the North Korean city of Rason. It is located at the northeastern extreme of North Korea, bordering Russia and China. It lies on Unggi Bay, an extension of the Sea of Japan (East Sea of Korea). A uranium mine is allegedly located there, as is a 200 megawatt oil-fired power plant. The word Sonbong means "Vanguard" in Korean.

The Sonbong Revolutionary Site is dedicated to a visit by Kim Jong-suk in November 1945 "upholding the policy of building a new country advanced by President Kim Il Sung" after the liberation of Korea. It includes the Sonbong Revolutionary Museum, a monument to the historic site, and the house where she stayed.
2021 Challenger de Buenos Aires – Doubles
Guido Andreozzi and Andrés Molteni were the defending champions but only Andreozzi chose to defend his title, partnering Thiago Seyboth Wild. Andreozzi withdrew from the tournament before his quarterfinal match.

Luciano Darderi and Juan Bautista Torres won the title after defeating Hernán Casanova and Santiago Rodríguez Taverna 7–6(7–5), 7–6(12–10) in the final.

Thiago Seyboth Wild
Thiago Seyboth Wild (Brazilian Portuguese: [tʃiˈaɡu ˈzajbutʃi ˈviwdʒi]; born 10 March 2000) is a Brazilian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 58, achieved on 20 May 2024 and a doubles ranking of No. 197, achieved on 22 May 2023. He is currently the No. 4 singles player from Brazil.

Seyboth Wild played on junior circuit and had a combined ITF ranking of No. 8, attained in January 2018. He won the boys' singles title at 2018 US Open.

In March 2020, at just 19 years old, Seyboth Wild won his first ATP Tour title at 2020 Chile Open, defeating second seed Casper Ruud in the final. Then he became the youngest Brazilian ATP titlist until João Fonseca's trophy at 2025 Argentina Open.
Joseph J. Sullivan (vaudeville)
Joseph J. Sullivan was a blackface comedian and acrobat in New York.  He is best known for composing the vaudeville song Where Did You Get That Hat? which he first performed in 1888. It was a great success and he performed it many times thereafter. His other song compositions include Little Paddy Rooney in 1893.

Little else is known about his life, but in July 1922 a monthly New York theatre magazine described how he had recently 'brought back the "flannel-mouthed" Irish comedians when he regaled vaudeville patrons with Where Did You Get That Hat?'.

Acrobatics
Acrobatics (from Ancient Greek  ἀκροβατέω (akrobatéō) 'walk on tiptoe, strut') is the performance of human feats of balance, agility, and motor coordination. Acrobatic skills are used in performing arts, sporting events, and martial arts. Extensive use of acrobatic skills are most often performed in acro dance, circus, gymnastics, and freerunning and to a lesser extent in other athletic activities including ballet, slacklining and diving. Although acrobatics is most commonly associated with human body performance, the term is used to describe other types of performance, such as aerobatics.
Baxenden (ward)
Baxenden  is one of the 18 electoral wards that form the Parliamentary constituency of Hyndburn, Lancashire, England. The ward returns two councillors to represent Baxenden village on the Hyndburn Borough Council. As of the May 2019 Council election, Baxenden had an electorate of 3,282.

Hyndburn
Hyndburn /ˈhaɪndbərn/ is a local government district with borough status in Lancashire, England. Its council is based in Accrington, the largest town, and the borough also covers the outlying towns of Clayton-le-Moors, Great Harwood, Oswaldtwistle and Rishton. The borough was created in 1974 and takes its name from the River Hyndburn. It had a population of 80,734 at the 2011 Census. Elections to the council are held in three out of every four years, with one third of the 35 seats on the council being elected at each election. Both the Conservative and Labour parties have controlled the council at different times, as well as periods when no party has had a majority.

Hyndburn borders the boroughs of Ribble Valley to the north, Burnley to the east, Rossendale to the south, and Blackburn with Darwen to the west.
Moorrege
Moorrege, located 30 kilometres (19 mi) north west of Hamburg at the small river Pinnau, close to the Elbe river, is a municipality in the district of Pinneberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Moorrege is around 2.7 kilometres (1.7 mi) south of Uetersen.

Moorrege is the seat of the Amt ("collective municipality") Geest und Marsch Südholstein.

The municipality is known as the birthplace of purported Nazi-resister August Landmesser.

Amt
Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to a British or U.S. county.
Miss Ukraine 2021
Miss Ukraine 2021 was the 30th Miss Ukraine pageant, held at the Palace "Ukraine" in Kyiv on 21 October 2021. Twenty-five contestants from across Ukraine competed for the crown. The competition was hosted by Volodymyr Dantes, Taras Tsimbalyuk, Timur Miroshnychenko and Vladyslav Yama. Oleksandra Yaremchuk of Vinnytsia Oblast was crowned at the end of the event. Yaremchuk represented Ukraine at the Miss World 2021 pageant where she unplaced.

Vinnytsia Oblast
Vinnytsia Oblast (Ukrainian: Вінницька область, romanized: Vinnytska oblast, IPA: [ˈwinːɪtsʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Vinnychchyna (Ukrainian: Вінниччина), is an oblast in central Ukraine. Its administrative center is Vinnytsia. The oblast has a population of 1,509,515 (2022 estimate).
Stasimon
A Stasimon (Ancient Greek: στάσιμον) in Greek tragedy is a stationary song composed of strophes and antistrophes that is performed by the chorus in the orchestra (Ancient Greek: ὀρχήστρα, "place where the chorus dances").

Aristotle states in the Poetics (1452b23) that each choral song (or melos) of a tragedy is divided into two parts: the parodos (Ancient Greek: πάροδος) and the stasimon. He defines the latter as "a choral song without anapaests or trochaics". This comment about the absence of anapest and trochee has been interpreted to mean that the music was not based on the usual “walking” meters, since the chorus sings the stasimon while remaining in the orchestra. After making its entrance singing the parodos, it does not usually leave the orchestra until the end of the play.

The Suda, an 11th-century Byzantine encyclopedia, attributes the establishment of the choral singing of a stasimon to the celebrated kitharode Arion of Hermione.

Antistrophe
Antistrophe (Ancient Greek: ἀντιστροφή, "a turning back") is the portion of an ode sung by the chorus in its returning movement from west to east in response to the strophe, which was sung from east to west.
Spicy Teacher
Spicy Teacher (simplified Chinese: 麻辣鲜师; traditional Chinese: 麻辣鮮師; pinyin: málà xiānshī; lit. 'mala fresh teacher') is a 2000 Taiwanese drama starring William Hsieh, Ye Min-Zhi, Jade Chia, Jean Kuo, Tu Shih-Mei. It is the first school life comedy in Taiwanese television, inspired by the Japanese manga series Great Teacher Onizuka (グレート・ティーチャー・オニヅカ, Gurēto Tīchā Onizuka) by Tooru Fujisawa. It is the longest broadcast school life comedy and the school life comedy series with the most episodes in Taiwan. It became the television show with the most re-runs in Taiwan. Since it is a light comedy set in high school, it became a popular show for new actors with little prior acting experience to start their careers.  Various actors, such as Jerry Yan, Lan Cheng-lung, Will Pan, Ady An, and Weber Yang, later went on to become successful in the industry, so the show is often called an "Idol maker" or "Idol workshop".

Weber Yang
Weber Yang (Chinese: 楊家丞; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Iûⁿ Ka-sêng) is a Taiwanese actor. He is known for his roles in the television series Time Story (2008), Who's The One (2011), Two Fathers (2013), The Way We Were (2014) and A Touch of Green (2015). Upon completion of filming A Touch of Green, Yang took a year-long break from acting to spend more time with his parents and to take care of his older sister, who was diagnosed with cancer in that year. He returned to the screen in 2017, starring in the SET Metro drama series The Masked Lover.
Max Runge
Heinrich Max Runge (21 September 1849, in Stettin – 27 July 1909, in Göttingen) was a German obstetrician and gynecologist.

He studied medicine at the universities of Jena, Leipzig, Bonn and Strasbourg, where in 1875 he received his doctorate. In 1879 he obtained his habilitation at Berlin under the sponsorship of Adolf Gusserow. In 1883 he became a professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the Imperial University of Dorpat, and five years later relocated as a professor to Göttingen, where on three occasions he served as dean at the university.

He was the author of influential textbooks on both obstetrics and gynecology. The focus of his research included hot water therapy for uterine atony, treatment of puerperal fever, fetal disease, umbilical infections and laparotomy.

Uterine atony
Uterine atony is the failure of the uterus to contract adequately following delivery. Contraction of the uterine muscles during labor compresses the blood vessels and slows flow, which helps prevent hemorrhage and facilitates coagulation. Therefore, a lack of uterine muscle contraction can lead to an acute hemorrhage, as the vasculature is not being sufficiently compressed. Uterine atony is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage, which is an emergency and potential cause of fatality. Across the globe, postpartum hemorrhage is among the top five causes of maternal death. Recognition of the warning signs of uterine atony in the setting of extensive postpartum bleeding should initiate interventions aimed at regaining stable uterine contraction.