hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Section 108 Study Group
The Section 108 Study Group was a select committee of copyright experts and library and archives professionals, convened by the United States Copyright Office and the Library of Congress's National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP). The Study Group was charged with updating Section 108 of the United States Copyright Act—relating to libraries and archives' ability to make copies of copyrighted works available under certain circumstances—for the digital age. The Study Group issued a final report in March 2008, outlining proposed changes and updates to Section 108.

Copyright Act of 1976
The Copyright Act of 1976 is a United States copyright law and remains the primary basis of copyright law in the United States, as amended by several later enacted copyright provisions. The Act spells out the basic rights of copyright holders, codified the doctrine of "fair use", and for most new copyrights adopted a unitary term based on the date of the author's death rather than the prior scheme of fixed initial and renewal terms. It became Public Law number 94-553 on October 19, 1976; most parts of the law went into effect on January 1, 1978.

U.S. Register of Copyrights Barbara Ringer and Congressman Robert Kastenmeier took central roles in drafting the statute.
Dungeons & Daddies
Dungeons & Daddies is an actual play comedy podcast hosted by Matt Arnold, Anthony Burch, Will Campos, Beth May, and Freddie Wong. First aired in January 2019, the podcast features four main seasons, as well as some mini campaigns.

Actual play
Actual play, also called live play, is a genre of podcast or web show in which people play tabletop role-playing games (TTRPGs) for an audience. Actual play often encompasses in-character interactions between players, storytelling from the gamemaster, and out-of-character engagements such as dice rolls and discussion of game mechanics. The genre emerged in the early 2000s and became more popular throughout the decade, particularly with the 2015 debut of Critical Role, an actual play webseries featuring professional voice actors.
Ecce Homo (Rubens)
Ecce Homo or Christ Wearing the Crown of Thorns is an oil on oak panel painting of the Ecce Homo subject by Peter Paul Rubens, executed c. 1612, now in the Hermitage Museum, in Saint Petersburg. The Hermitage also houses an oil study for its figure of Pilate.

Originally commissioned by cardinal Massimego, Christ's pose was influenced by the statue of a centaur in the Borghese Gallery in Rome and the work may even have been produced as a pendant to the 1616-1617 Drunken Silenus (Alte Pinakothek). H. Evers argues it was produced during the artist's stay in Genoa, whilst Keizer argues it was from Rubens' later period in Antwerp. By the end of the 18th century it was in Prince Bezborodko's collection in Saint Petersburg. It passed by inheritance to his relatives-in-law, the Counts Kushelev; on his death in 1862, Count Nikolai Kushelev-Bezborodko bequested the collection to the Academy of Arts.

Alexander Bezborodko
Prince Alexander Andreyevich Bezborodko (Russian: Александр Андреевич Безбородко; 25 March [O.S. 14 March] 1747 – 6 April 1799) was the chancellor of the Russian Empire from 1797 to 1799, and the chief architect of Catherine the Great's foreign policy after the death of Nikita Panin.
Cinema Marte Dum Tak
Cinema Marte Dum Tak is a 2023 Indian reality docu-series produced by Vice Studios and created by filmmaker Vasan Bala and co-directed by Disha Rindani, Xulfee, and Kulish Kant Thakur. The series features four directors — J Neelam, Vinod Talwar, Dilip Gulati, and Kishan Shah — who have had success in the 90s. Tasked with utilizing their signature techniques, they are given a limited budget to direct a short movie with their original crew and cast.

The series premiered on Amazon Prime Video on January 20, 2023, and features actors such as Raza Murad, Mukesh Rishi, Harish Patel and Rakhi Sawant. Bollywood actor Arjun Kapoor had appeared as the host of the final episode.

Mukesh Rishi
Mukesh Rishi (born 19 April 1956) is an Indian actor and film producer who works primarily in Hindi and Telugu films. He has also appeared in Malayalam, Kannada, Punjabi, Marathi and Tamil films. He got his first break in Hindi in 1993 with Gardish and has since, established himself as a notable supporting actor, generally as a villain.
German heavy tank battalion
A German heavy tank battalion (German: "schwere Panzerabteilung", short: "s PzAbt") was a battalion-sized World War II tank unit of the German Army during World War II, equipped with Tiger I, and later Tiger II, heavy tanks.  Originally intended to fight on the offensive during breakthrough operations, the German late-war realities required it to be used in a defensive posture by providing heavy fire support and counter-attacking enemy armored breakthroughs, often organised into ad hoc Kampfgruppen (battlegroups).

The German heavy tank battalions destroyed a total of 8,100 enemy tanks for the loss of 1,482 of their own, an overall kill/loss ratio of 5.47 though individual unit ratios ranged from 1.28 to 13. The German losses also include non-combat tank write-offs.

Fire support
Fire support is a military tactics term used to describe the use of weapons and munitions aimed to support friendly forces by engaging, destroying or suppressing enemy forces, facilities, or materiel in combat. It is often provided through indirect fire (artillery) launched from the rear, though the term may also be used for some direct fire or aerial attacks performed by front line units to support other friendly units.

The United States Department of Defense defines fire support as "fires that directly support land, maritime, amphibious, and special operations forces to engage enemy forces, combat formations, and facilities in pursuit of tactical and operational objectives."
Lestrodus
Lestrodus is an extinct genus of edestid fish that lived during the Late Carboniferous. It contains one valid species, L. newtoni, which is known from a single tooth whorl from the Millstone Grit of England. It was originally named as a species of Edestus, but is now considered a distinct genus based on morphological differences.

Millstone Grit
Millstone Grit is any of a number of coarse-grained sandstones of Carboniferous age which occur in the British Isles. The name derives from its use in earlier times as a source of millstones for use principally in watermills. Geologists refer to the whole suite of rocks that encompass the individual limestone beds and the intervening mudstones as the Millstone Grit Group. The term Millstone Grit Series was formerly used to refer to the rocks now included within the Millstone Grit Group together with the underlying Edale Shale Group.

The term gritstone describes any sandstone composed of coarse angular grains, and specifically refers to such sandstones within the Pennines and neighbouring areas of Northern England.
Ernest Alderwick
Ernest Ewart Gladstone Alderwick (4 April 1886 – 26 August 1917) was an English cricketer who played as a right-handed batsman for Gloucestershire in 1908. He was born in Bristol and died in the First World War at Peronne on the Somme.

Alderwick made his debut as a lower-order batsman against Worcestershire, against whom he scored just seven runs in two innings, while his team went down to a 225-run defeat. He played in the next game, three days after his first and against Northamptonshire, but he scored a duck in his only innings before the match was abandoned for a draw. In 1914, he played a couple of Minor Counties games as an opening batsman for Suffolk.

Péronne, Somme
Péronne (French pronunciation: [peʁɔn]) is a commune of the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. It is the former site of the Péronne monastery, founded by the Anglo-Saxon St Erkenwald. Its site became the resting place for St. Fursa, celebrated by the famous English historian Bede. The monastery was popular with Irish monks, among them Cellanus, whose letters to Aldhelm the Bishop of Sherborne survive. So renowned was Péronne for Irish monks that the monastery became known as Perrona Scottorum. The monastery was destroyed in a Viking raid in 880. It is close to where the 1916, first 1918 and second 1918 Battles of the Somme took place during the First World War. The Museum of the Great War (known in French as the Historial de la Grande Guerre) is located in the château.
Outline of Jersey
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Jersey:

Jersey – British Crown dependency located in the Channel Islands off the coast of Normandy. As well as the island of Jersey itself, the bailiwick includes the nearby uninhabited islands of the Minquiers, Écréhous, the Pierres de Lecq and other rocks and reefs. Together with the Bailiwick of Guernsey it forms the grouping known as the Channel Islands. The defence of all these islands is the responsibility of the United Kingdom. However, Jersey is part of neither the UK nor the European Union; rather, like the Isle of Man, it is a separate possession of the Crown. Jersey belongs to the Common Travel Area.

Terminology of the British Isles
The terminology of the British Isles comprises the words and phrases that are used to describe the (sometimes overlapping) geographical and political areas of the islands of Great Britain and Ireland, and the smaller islands which surround them. The terms are often a source of confusion, partly owing to the similarity between some of the actual words used but also because they are often used loosely. Many of the words carry geographical and political connotations which are affected by the history of the islands. The inclusion of Ireland in the geographical definition of British Isles is debated. Ordnance Survey Ireland does not use the term.
Cave of Pan
In classical antiquity the god Pan was often venerated in caves. In the present these caves are often referred to as the Cave of Pan.

In Greece:

The Cave of Pan on the northern slope of the Acropolis of Athens in Attica.

The Cave of Pan at Oinoe near Marathon in Attica.

The Corycian Cave on Mount Parnassus in Central Greece.

The Daphni Cave at Daphni Monastery near Athens in Attica.

The Davelis Cave on Mount Penteli near Athens in Attica.

The Phyle Cave on Mount Parnes near Fyli (Phyle) in Attica.

The Vari Cave on Mount Hymettus near Vari in Attica.

The Cave of Pan at Thasos

In other countries:

The Cave of Pan at Banias in the Golan Heights.

Pan's Cave (Haidari)
The cave of God Pan in Daphni is a cave in Haidari, Attica, Greece, that was sacred to the god Pan. It is located near the Byzantine monastery. The cave is believed to have been used for rituals, including burnt offerings and animal sacrifices dedicated.

The cave has a conical shape, with a depth of about 11.55 meters, an opening width of 7.8 meters, and an opening height of 3.4 meters, and the opening is facing north. During the ancient times, with a doorway serving as the access point to the cave. In front of this wall was a flat forecourt extending approximately 2 meters.

Although the cave was formed naturally, some remodelling appears to have taken place after caves began to be used as places of worship, around the 5th century BCE. The cave appears to have been of more limited cultic importance than other sanctuaries in Attica.
Dogra invasion of Ladakh
The Dogra invasion of Ladakh was a successful military campaign led by Dogra Rajput general Zorawar Singh from August 1834 to October 1835 during the reign of Gulab Singh of Dogra dynasty against the Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh.

Mehta Basti Ram
Mehta Basti Ram was a Dogra officer and commander of the Fateh Shibji battalion under Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu (later Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir). Basti Ram later served as the governor (thanadar) of Leh in Ladakh between 1847 and 1861. Basti Ram joined the service of Raja Gulab Singh in 1821 and became an officer under General Zorawar Singh during his conquest of Ladakh between 1834 and 1841. After holding positions such as the governor of Taklakot (briefly) and thanadar of Zanskar, he became the second governor of Leh under Maharaja Gulab Singh.
Frank Golembrosky
Frank Golembrosky (born May 3, 1945) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played in the World Hockey Association (WHA). Golembrosky played part of the 1972–73 WHA season with the Philadelphia Blazers and Quebec Nordiques.

Philadelphia Blazers
The Philadelphia Blazers were an ice hockey franchise in the World Hockey Association (WHA) for the 1972–73 WHA season based in Philadelphia. The team's home ice was the Philadelphia Convention Hall and Civic Center.

The franchise was originally intended to be based in Miami, Florida, and called the Screaming Eagles, but due to money problems and a lack of a suitable arena, the franchise instead moved to Philadelphia.  After only one season in Philadelphia, the team relocated to Vancouver for the start of the 1973–74 WHA season and became the Vancouver Blazers. Two years later the franchise moved again, this time to Calgary where it was called the Calgary Cowboys. In 1977, the franchise folded.
Skip (detergent)
Skip is a brand of laundry detergent manufactured and marketed by Unilever in France, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Cyprus, Argentina and South Africa. In the past it was also marketed in Germany, but it was discontinued in 2009. It is Unilever's top-of-the-line detergent brand in the countries where it is marketed, and features a splodge-like logo similar to British Persil.

Logo
A logo (abbreviation of logotype; from Ancient Greek  λόγος (lógos) 'word, speech' and  τύπος (túpos) 'mark, imprint') is a graphic mark, emblem, or symbol used to aid and promote public identification and recognition. It may be of an abstract or figurative design or include the text of the name that it represents, as in a wordmark.

In the days of hot metal typesetting, a logotype was one word cast as a single piece of type (e.g. "The" in ATF Garamond), as opposed to a ligature, which is two or more letters joined, but not forming a word. By extension, the term was also used for a uniquely set and arranged typeface or colophon. At the level of mass communication and in common usage, a company's logo is today often synonymous with its trademark or brand.
Carrington Pump House
Carrington Pump House is a heritage-listed former hydraulic power station at 106 Bourke Street, Carrington, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1877 to 1878 by William H. Jennings. It is also known as Hydraulic Engine House and Crane Bases Nos. 7, 8, 9 and 10 and Carrington Hydraulic Power Station.

Armstrong Whitworth
Widely known as Armstrong Whitworth, Sir W.G. Armstrong Whitworth & Co Ltd and several similarly named variants was a major British heavy engineering and manufacturing company that was at its peak in the early years of the 20th century. With headquarters in Elswick, Newcastle upon Tyne, Armstrong Whitworth built armaments, ships, locomotives, automobiles and aircraft.

The company was founded by William Armstrong in 1847, becoming Armstrong Mitchell and then Armstrong Whitworth through mergers. In 1927, it merged with Vickers Limited to form Vickers-Armstrongs, with its automobile and aircraft interests purchased by J D Siddeley.
Scott Tracy Griffin
Scott Tracy Griffin is an American writer, actor and "one of the world's leading experts" on author Edgar Rice Burroughs and his works. He is the author of Tarzan: The Centennial Celebration, the "only official commemorative illustrated history" of Burroughs' literary character Tarzan, which book was a 2013 Locus Award finalist for Best Art Book.

Griffin began writing professionally in 1993, covering the film industry for magazines including Cinefantastique, FilmFax, and Alter Ego. He scripted the Tarzan Sunday comic strip in 1996 and has consulted on and appeared in documentaries and news programs, including Investigating Tarzan and Tarzan: Silver Screen King of the Jungle to discuss Edgar Rice Burroughs and Tarzan.

Griffin said he became deeply interested in the Tarzan character through the "Tarzan Family" and "Korak, Son of Tarzan" DC Comics as well as reprints of Tarzan strips by cartoonist Russ Manning.

Artist's book
Artists' books (or book art or book objects) are works of art that engage with and transform the form of a book. Some are mass-produced with multiple editions, and some in small editions, while others are produced as one-of-a-kind objects.

There is no single definition of an artist's book, and formulating a definition is cumbersome and subject to debate. Importantly, the creation of artists' books incorporates a variety of formats and genres. They have a complex history, with a particular focus and growth in contemporary artist movements. They also have recently grown in popularity, especially in art institutions, and have become popular in art library reference workshops. The exact definition and usage of artists' books has become more fluid and porous alongside the growth in popularity of artists' books.
Crop Circle (album)
Crop Circle is the second studio album by English rapper Nines. It was released on 20 April 2018 by XL Recordings. It is the follow-up to Nines' debut album One Foot Out (2017), which peaked at number 4 on the UK Albums Chart. The album features guest appearances from Dave, Ray BLK, Haile, Tiggs da Author and numerous Ice City Boyz members. Production is handled by 5ive Beatz, Steel Banglez, Beatfreakz, Pinero Beats, Show N Prove and Zeph Ellis.

The album was supported by lead single "I See You Shining", peaking at number 38 on the UK Singles Chart.

XL Recordings
XL Recordings is a British independent record label founded in 1989 by Tim Palmer and Nick Halkes. It has been run and co-owned by Richard Russell since 1996. It forms part of the Beggars Group.

It releases an average of six albums a year. The label releases albums worldwide and operates across a range of genres.
Getchellite
Getchellite is a rare sulfide of arsenic and antimony, AsSbS3, that was discovered by B. G. Weissberg of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research in 1963, and approved as a new species by the International Mineralogical Association in 1965. Many metal sulfides are grey to black, but a few are brightly colored.  Orpiment is yellow to brownish gold, cinnabar is deep red and getchellite is a bright orange red.

Antimony
Antimony is a chemical element with the symbol Sb (from Latin  stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous grey metal or metalloid, it occurs in nature mainly in the form of the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb2S3). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were powdered for use as medicine and cosmetics, often known by the Arabic name kohl.

China is the largest producer of antimony and its compounds, with most production coming from the Xikuangshan Mine in Hunan. The industrial methods for refining antimony from stibnite are roasting followed by reduction with carbon, or direct reduction of stibnite with iron.

The most common applications for metallic antimony are in alloys with lead and tin, which have improved properties for solders, bullets, and plain bearings. It improves the rigidity of lead-alloy plates in lead–acid batteries. Antimony trioxide is a prominent additive for halogen-containing flame retardants. Antimony is used as a dopant in semiconductor devices.
Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist (Beccafumi, Galleria Palatina)
Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Italian Renaissance painter Domenico Beccafumi, executed c. 1521–1522, now in the Galleria Palatina in Florence. The painting's composition is strongly influenced by Raphael. The seraphim in the four corners of the work are thought to be later additions by a Sienese artist, possibly at the end of the 16th century – Judey attributes them to an artist in the circle of Correggio and Sanminiatelli to a generic Baroque-influenced Sienese artist.

It is unclear when the painting entered the Medici collections, since their inventories record two almost identically sized tondi by Beccafumi with angels' heads, the first in the Tribuna of the Uffizi  (ins. 71, c. 30) and the other in the casino di San Marco (Guardaroba Medicea 136, c. 154v.). As it shows Joseph, it is probably the first which is the work now in the Galleria Palatina. Baccheschi dated the work by comparison with the San Martino Nativity.

Antonio da Correggio
Antonio Allegri da Correggio (August 1489 – 5 March 1534), usually known as just Correggio (/kəˈrɛdʒioʊ/, also UK: /kɒˈ-/, US: /-dʒoʊ/, Italian: [korˈreddʒo]), was an Italian Renaissance painter who was the foremost painter of the Parma school of the High Renaissance, who was responsible for some of the most vigorous and sensuous works of the sixteenth century. In his use of dynamic composition, illusionistic perspective and dramatic foreshortening, Correggio prefigured the Baroque art of the seventeenth century and the Rococo art of the eighteenth century. He is considered a master of chiaroscuro.
Gârnic
Gârnic (Czech: Gerník; German: Weitzenried; Hungarian: Szörénybúzás) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania. It is composed of two villages, Gârnic and Padina Matei (Mátévölgye).

At the 2021 census, the commune had a population of 975; of those, 63.28% were Romanians and 16.92% Czechs.

Caraș-Severin County
Caraș-Severin (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkaraʃ seveˈrin] ⓘ) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Serbia. The majority of its territory lies within the historical region of Banat, with a few northeastern villages considered part of Transylvania. The county seat is Reșița. The Caraș-Severin county is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Kuźnica Lubiecka
Kuźnica Lubiecka (Polish pronunciation: [kuʑˈɲit͡sa luˈbjɛt͡ska]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczerców, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Szczerców, 14 km (9 mi) west of Bełchatów, and 50 km (31 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Bełchatów
Bełchatów ([bɛu̯ˈxatuf] ⓘ) is a city in central Poland, with a population of 55,583, as of December 2021. It is located in Łódź Voivodeship, 160 kilometres (99 miles) southwest of Warsaw.

The Elektrownia Bełchatów, located in Bełchatów, is the largest coal fueled power plant in Europe and the fifth largest in the world. It produces 27–28 TWh of electricity per year, or 20% of the total power generation in Poland. 8,000 people work directly for the company that runs the coal mine and electricity plants.

The city is also known for the successful volleyball club Skra Bełchatów and local krówki (traditional Polish candy).
Titan Desert
The Garmin Titan Desert is a six-day multiple stage mountain bike race held annually in Morocco since 2006 through the Moroccan desert between the Atlas Mountains and Sahara Desert. The competition was founded by Jaime Alguersuari Sr.'s RPM-MKTG, and in 2017 Amaury Sport Organisation joined as partner.

Amaury Sport Organisation
The Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO and also A.S.O.) is a private company, founded in 1992, that is part of the privately owned French media group Éditions Philippe Amaury (EPA). ASO organises the Tour de France and other cycling races, as well as golf, running, sailing and off-road motorsport events over 250 days of competition per year, with 90 events in 30 countries. The president of ASO is Jean-Etienne Amaury, the son of Philippe Amaury and Marie-Odile Amaury, and grandson of EPA founder, Émilien Amaury.