hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colin Burgess (author)
Colin Burgess (born March 1947) is an Australian author and historian, specializing in space flight and military history.  He is a former customer service manager for Qantas Airways, and a regular contributor to the collectSPACE online community. He lives in New South Wales.

Two of Burgess's co-authored 2007 books, Into That Silent Sea: Trailblazers of the Space Era, 1961–1965 and In the Shadow of the Moon: A Challenging Journey to Tranquility, 1965–1969 were named as finalists for the 2007 Eugene M. Emme Award given by the American Astronautical Society.

In the Shadow of the Moon was also named as "2009 Outstanding Academic Title" by Choice Magazine.

Choice (publisher)
Choice is a publishing unit of the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL). It includes the magazine Choice as well as other products including the Choice Reviews database. The magazine was established in 1964. It is considered the premier source for reviews of academic books, electronic media, and Internet resources of interest to those in higher education. The magazine is headquartered in Middletown, Connecticut.
Robert Earl (singer)
Montague Leigh (born Montague Levy; 17 November 1926 – 27 January 2025) was an English singer of traditional pop music who made his name in the 1950s, enjoying three UK singles chart hits. He was the father of the businessman Robert Earl.

Traditional pop
Traditional pop (also known as pre-rock and roll pop) is Western popular music that generally pre-dates the advent of rock and roll and pop music in the mid-1950s. The most popular and enduring songs from this era of music are known as pop standards or American standards. The works of these songwriters and composers are usually considered part of the canon known as the "Great American Songbook". More generally, the term "standard" can be applied to any popular song that has become very widely known within mainstream culture and recorded by many artists.

AllMusic defines traditional pop as "post-big band and pre-rock & roll pop music".
Petros Konnafis
Petros Konnafis (born August 28, 1979) is a Cypriot former football defender who played for Apollon Limassol. His former teams are AC Omonia, Anorthosis Famagusta and KAA Gent. Konnafis was played many friendly games with Aris Thessaloniki on 1999, but AC Omonia blocked his transfer to Aris. He also briefly signed with Olympiakos Nicosia in 2009, but after training realised that he cannot continue playing competitively and decided to retire due to an old injury. Now he is a football agent.

His all time highest market value was 200,000 euros.

Olympiakos Nicosia
Olympiakos Nicosia (Greek: Ολυμπιακός Λευκωσίας, Olympiakos Lefkosias) is a Cypriot football club based in Nicosia and competes in the First Division. The club was founded in 1931, and is a founding member of the Cyprus Football Association. The club colors are black and green. Olympiakos' home ground is the new GSP Stadium, which has a 23,000-seat capacity. The team's main nickname is "mavroprasini" (the green-blacks), and the club's other nickname is Taktakalas, derived from the area of Nicosia where the club hails from.

Olympiakos Nicosia has won three Cypriot First Division Championships, one Cypriot Cup and one Cyprus Super Cup.

In the past the club also had track and field, basketball, volleyball, cycling, table tennis, weightlifting and futsal teams. It also in the past had an orchestra, choir and camping divisions; the latter explaining why the club's badge has a tent on it.
Gareth Evans (rugby union, born August 1991)
Gareth Evans (born 5 August 1991) is a retired New Zealand rugby union player. He played as a loose forward for Hawke's Bay in New Zealand's domestic National Provincial Championship competition, and the Highlanders in Super Rugby.

Flanker (rugby union)
Flanker is a position in the sport of rugby union. Each team of 15 players includes two flankers, who play in the forwards, and are generally classified as either blindside or openside flankers, numbers 6 and 7 respectively. The name comes from their position in a scrum in which they 'flank' each set of forwards. They compete for the ball – most commonly in rucks and mauls. Flankers also assist in pushing in a scrum, but are expected to detach from the scrum as soon as the ball is out to get to the play before the opposition's forwards. Flankers also participate in line-outs, either being lifted to contest or win possession, or to lift other players. Flankers are usually the key participants in the tackling process. The flankers, especially the openside, are often the fastest forwards on the team but still relied upon for tackling.
2010 Gerry Weber Open – Doubles
Christopher Kas and Philipp Kohlschreiber were the defending champions, but they lost to František Čermák and Michal Mertiňák in the quarterfinals.Sergiy Stakhovsky and Mikhail Youzhny won the final 4–6, 7–5, [10–7] against Martin Damm and Filip Polášek.

Philipp Kohlschreiber
Philipp Eberhard Hermann Kohlschreiber (German pronunciation: [ˈfɪlɪp ˈkoːlʃʁaɪbɐ]; born 16 October 1983) is a German former professional tennis player. The right-hander won eight singles and seven doubles titles on the ATP World Tour and made the quarterfinals at the 2012 Wimbledon Championships. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 16 in July 2012.
Silno, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Silno [ˈɕilnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chojnice, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the historic region of Pomerania.

Silno was a royal village of the Polish Crown, administratively located in the Tuchola County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)
The Pomeranian Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo pomorskie, German: Woiwodschaft Pommerellen) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1454/1466 until the First partition of Poland in 1772. From 1613 the capital was at Skarszewy (Schöneck).

The voivodeship comprised the westernmost part of the autonomous province of Royal Prussia and, after the Union of Lublin in 1569, the northernmost part of the Greater Poland Province.
GreatPoint Energy
GreatPoint Energy, Inc. is a Chicago, Illinois based energy company that produces natural gas from coal, petroleum coke, and biomass utilizing catalytic hydromethanation. GreatPoint Energy was founded in 2005 by serial entrepreneur Andrew Perlman and his business partners. The company has raised $150 million in venture capital from Dow, AES Corporation, Suncor Energy Inc., Peabody Energy, Advanced Technology Ventures (ATV), Draper Fisher Jurvetson, Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, Khosla Ventures and Citi Capital Advisors (CCA).

In May 2012, GreatPoint Energy and China Wanxiang Holdings closed a $1.25 billion investment and partnership agreement to finance and construct the first phase of a one trillion cubic feet per year coal to natural gas production facility in China. The deal between GreatPoint Energy and Wanxiang was the largest US venture capital investment in 2012.

AES Corporation
The AES Corporation is an American utility and power generation company. It owns and operates power plants, which it uses to generate and sell electricity to end users and intermediaries like utilities and industrial facilities. AES, headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, is one of the world's leading power companies, generating and distributing electric power in 15 countries and employing 10,500 people worldwide. AES Corporation is a global Fortune 500 power company. AES Ranks in the Top Ten of Fast Company's 2022 Best Workplaces for Innovators.
William Best (Nova Scotia politician)
William Best (c. 1707 – November 17, 1782) was a political figure in Nova Scotia. He was a member of the 1st General Assembly from 1758 to 1759, and the 3rd and 4th assemblies from 1761 to 1770.

He came to Halifax in 1749 and later settled at Cornwallis. In 1779, with John Burbidge, he helped establish an Anglican church there. In 1783, he was named a justice of the peace for King's County. Best died in Halifax at the age of 75.

One of his descendants, Charles Best, discovered insulin with Frederick Banting.

Frederick Banting
Sir Frederick Grant Banting (/ˈbæntiŋ/; November 14, 1891 – February 21, 1941) was a Canadian pharmacologist, orthopedist, and field surgeon. For his co-discovery of insulin and its therapeutic potential, Banting was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with John Macleod.

Banting and his student, Charles Best, isolated insulin at the University of Toronto in the lab of Scottish physiologist John Macleod. When he and Macleod received the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Banting shared the honours and award money with Best. That same year, the Government of Canada granted Banting a lifetime annuity to continue his work. He is the youngest Nobel laureate for Physiology/Medicine, at 32.
Walter Pashko
Walter Pashko, American, 1930–2006

"Walter Pashko studied painting in Hartford during the heyday of Chick Austin who made modern art, especially Surrealism, a great strength of the Wadsworth Atheneum. The G.I. Bill enabled him to go to Mexico City where he sought out artists who could teach him the techniques of fresco and mosaic. During his years there, he also learned how to make prints. Upon his return to America, he found a job at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston as an assistant to the printmaking instructor. Pashko was soon promoted to lead instructor when his supervisor retired. He remained at the School for over thirty years until a fall prompted him to retire in the early 1990s. Though he taught printmaking, Pashko regarded himself primarily as a painter and draftsman. He remained active in his retirement, producing the present works during his early seventies."

Arthur Everett Austin Jr.
Arthur Everett "Chick" Austin Jr. (December 18, 1900 – March 29, 1957) was the director of the Wadsworth Atheneum from 1927 through 1944. Austin persisted in the introduction of then-modern theater and modern design and especially contemporaneous art. Salvador Dalí, Alexander Calder, and Gertrude Stein benefited from his advocacy.

Chick Austin helped alter the way Americans looked at and thought about modern art. For starters, he organized the first Picasso retrospective in the United States, put on the first show of Surrealist art and, with Kirstein, helped engineer the immigration of choreographer George Balanchine and sow the seeds for Balanchine's School of American Ballet.
School bus yellow
School bus yellow is a color that was specifically formulated for use on school buses in North America in 1939. Originally officially named National School Bus Chrome, the color is now officially known in Canada and the United States as National School Bus Glossy Yellow.

The original pigment for this color was monoclinic lead(II) chromate ("chrome yellow") which had superior steel-protecting properties compared to other pigments. Due to lead chromate's toxicity, a result of both its lead and chromate content, and because of lead sulfide darkening after exposure to air, the pigment was initially replaced by a mixture of cadmium sulfide ("cadmium yellow") and enough cadmium orange or selenium pigments to produce the equivalent color. However, cadmium is also an expensive and toxic heavy metal, so many saturated-color pigments are now azo-based organics.

Chromate and dichromate
Chromate salts contain the chromate anion, CrO2−4. Dichromate salts contain the dichromate anion, Cr2O2−7. They are oxyanions of chromium in the +6 oxidation state and are moderately strong oxidizing agents. In an aqueous solution, chromate and dichromate ions can be interconvertible.
Macroplea ranina
Macroplea ranina is a species of water beetle in the subfamily Donaciinae of the Chrysomelidae family, and was first described in 2011 by three Chinese entomologists, Qiaozhe Lou, Yu Peiyu and Hongbin Liang. The species epithet, ranina, derives from the name, Ranidae,  a family of frogs, because the beetle was first collected from the stomach of such a frog.

The larval host species is Hippuris vulgaris.

This species of beetle is found in China, in Sichuan Province.

Hippuris vulgaris
Hippuris vulgaris (from Greek: ἵππος – horse and οὐρά – tail), known as mare's-tail or common mare's-tail, is a common aquatic flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae. Its distribution ranges from Eurasia and North America to Greenland, the Tibetan Plateau and Arizona. It prefers non-acidic waters.
Shimoda Kikutaro
Shimoda Kikutarō (Japanese: 下田 菊太郎; 2 May 1866 – 26 December 1931) was an architect who created the prototype of the Imperial Crown Style for the Empire of Japan. He was a native of Akita, in northern Honshu, and moved to Tokyo in 1881, when he was fifteen. At Keio University, he enrolled in an architecture course under Josiah Conder.

Keio University
Keio University (Japanese: 慶應義塾大学, Hepburn: Keiō Gijuku Daigaku), abbreviated as Keio (慶應) or Keidai (慶大), is a private research university located in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It was originally established as a school for Western studies in 1858 in Edo. It was granted university status in 1920, becoming one of the first private universities in the country.

Keio University is also one of the member universities of RU11 and APRU, and it is one of two Japanese universities (alongside the University of Tokyo) to be a member of the World Economic Forum's Global University Leaders Forum.
Battle of Portomaggiore
The Battle of Portomaggiore took place near Portomaggiore in the province of Ferrara, Italy on 16 April 1395. It was fought between the Este troops of the Ferrara Regency Council fighting in the name of the young Niccolò III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara and the rebel forces of his uncle, Azzo X d'Este, pretender to the Lordship of Ferrara.

Province of Ferrara
The province of Ferrara (Italian: provincia di Ferrara; Emilian: pruvîncia ad Fràra) is a province in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna. Its capital is the city of Ferrara. As of May 2023, it has a population of 338,143 inhabitants over an area of 2,635.12 square kilometres (1,017.43 sq mi). The province contains 23 comuni (sg.: comune), listed in the list of comuni of the province of Ferrara. Its provincial president is Gianni Michele Padovani.
Manqoba Kunene
Manqoba Kunene (born 22 October 1982) is a Swazi professional footballer who plays as a midfielder. As of February 2010, he plays for Mbabane Swallows in the Swazi Premier League and has won 11 caps for his country.

Premier League of Eswatini
The Premier League of Eswatini, also known as the MTN Premier League for sponsorship reasons, is the top division of the Eswatini Football Association. It consists of 16 teams.

It was created in 1971. In 2014, the league adopted "Vision 2022" and planned to be a fully professional entity by 2022. However, the COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini impacted the 2019–20 and 2020–21 seasons.
Chaetodon ulietensis
Chaetodon ulietensis, the Pacific double-saddle butterflyfish or false falcula butterflyfish, is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It flourishes in coral-rich environments in the central Indo-Pacific region. Their range extends from the Cocos-Keeling Islands to the Tuamotu Islands, and north to Japan. They are usually found from the surface to 20 m depths, and like shallow channels with high current.

Tuamotus
The Tuamotu Archipelago or the Tuamotu Islands (French: Îles Tuamotu, officially Archipel des Tuamotu) are a French Polynesian chain of just under 80 islands and atolls in the southern Pacific Ocean. They constitute the largest chain of atolls in the world, extending (from northwest to southeast) over an area roughly the size of Western Europe. Their combined land area is 850 square kilometres (328 square miles). This archipelago's major islands are Rangiroa, Anaa, Fakarava, Hao and Makemo.

The Tuamotus have approximately 16,000 inhabitants. The islands were initially settled by Polynesians, and modern Tuamotuans have inherited from them a shared culture and the Tuamotuan language.

The Tuamotus are a French overseas collectivity.

NOTE: The Marshall Islands, a group of tolls, encompassing 1.2 sq kilometers.
Big Sandy Creek (Colorado)
Big Sandy Creek is a 211-mile-long (340 km) tributary of the Arkansas River noted for being the location of the Sand Creek Massacre in Kiowa County.  Long stretches are dry most of the time on the surface, although water still flows underground.  Big Sandy Creek starts near Peyton in El Paso County, Colorado and flows through Elbert, Lincoln, Cheyenne and Kiowa counties before it joins with the Arkansas River in Prowers county east of Lamar.

Lamar, Colorado
Lamar is the home rule municipality that is the county seat of and the most populous municipality in Prowers County, Colorado.  The city population was 7,687 at the 2020 United States census.  The city was named after Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, a Confederate soldier and diplomat who wrote the Mississippi Secession Ordinance, and after the Civil War, went on to serve as U.S. Secretary of the Interior and U.S. Supreme Court Justice. Lamar is the home of Lamar Community College, and is the largest city in southeastern Colorado.
Israna Assembly constituency
Israna is one of the 90 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Haryana state in India.

It is part of Panipat district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes. As of 2019, its representative is Krishan Lal Panwar of the Bhartiya Janata Party party.

Haryana Legislative Assembly
The Haryana Legislative Assembly (ISO: Hariyāṇā Vidhāna Sabhā) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Haryana. The seating of the assembly is at Chandigarh, the capital of the state. There are 90 seats in the house filled by direct election using a single-member first-past-the-post voting system. The term of office is five years.
Saga of Harald Fairhair
The Saga of Harald Fairhair (Haralds saga hárfagra) is the third of the sagas in Snorri Sturluson's Heimskringla, after Ynglinga saga and the saga of Halfdan the Black. Snorri sagas were written in Iceland in the 1220s. This saga is about the Norwegian king Harald Fairhair.

Halfdan the Black
Halfdan the Black (Old Norse: Halfdanr Svarti; fl. c. 9th century) was a king of Vestfold. He belonged to the House of Yngling and was the father of Harald Fairhair, the first king of a unified Norway.
Kerry Noonan
Kerry Noonan (born January 25, 1960) is a professor at Champlain College and a former actress. She was born in New York but spent most of her life in Los Angeles, from where she moved to Vermont in 2008.

China Beach
China Beach is an American war drama television series set at an evacuation hospital during the Vietnam War. The title refers to My Khe Beach in the city of Đà Nẵng, Vietnam, nicknamed "China Beach" in English by American and Australian soldiers during the Vietnam War. The series initially ran on ABC for four seasons from April 27, 1988, to July 22, 1991.
Tenuazonic acid
Tenuazonic acid is a mycotoxin produced by Alternaria species. It is a powerful eukaryotic protein synthesis inhibitor. It is a tetrameric acid that is ubiquitous in biological environments and prevents the release of newly synthesized protein from the ribosome. Its toxicity is the highest among all Alternaria mycotoxins and has both phytotoxic and cytotoxic properties. In 1991 Tenuazonic acid was reported to inhibit skin tumor promotion in mice.

Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity refers to the capacity of a substance or agent to cause damage or death to living cells, reflecting a critical parameter in pharmacology, toxicology, and biomedicine. It is distinct from cytostatic effects, which inhibit cell growth and proliferation without causing cell death. Cytotoxic agents can induce a range of cellular responses, including inhibition of cell growth, induction of apoptotic or necrotic cell death, and disruption of metabolic or structural cellular integrity. Assessing cytotoxicity is fundamental for evaluating the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical compounds, chemicals, and biomaterials, as it helps predict potential adverse effects and guides therapeutic development.

Various assays—based on enzyme activity, membrane permeability, metabolic activity, or cell proliferation—are routinely employed to characterize and quantify cytotoxic effects in vitro, providing essential insights into cell viability and the mechanisms underlying toxic responses.
Il mondo della luna
Il mondo della luna (The World on the Moon), Hob. XXVIII:7, is an opera buffa by Joseph Haydn with a libretto written by Carlo Goldoni in 1750, first performed at Eszterháza, Hungary, on 3 August 1777. Goldoni's libretto had previously been set by six other composers, first by the composer Baldassare Galuppi and performed in Venice in the carnival of 1750. It was then adapted for Haydn's version of the opera, which would be performed during the wedding celebrations of Count Nikolaus Esterházy, the younger son of Haydn's patron, Prince Nikolaus Esterházy, and the Countess Maria Anna Wissenwolf. It is sometimes performed as a singspiel under its German title Die Welt auf dem Monde.

Singspiel
A Singspiel (German pronunciation: [ˈzɪŋʃpiːl] ⓘ; plural: Singspiele; lit. 'sing-play') is a form of German-language music drama, now regarded as a genre of opera. It is characterized by spoken dialogue, which is alternated with ensembles, songs, ballads, and arias which were often strophic, or folk-like. Singspiel plots are generally comic or romantic in nature, and frequently include elements of magic, fantastical creatures, and comically exaggerated characterizations of good and evil.
Irvin Kahn
Irvin J. Kahn (1916–1973) was an American attorney and real estate developer who played a major role in the expansion of the city of San Diego in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. He received frequent press coverage for his ongoing role in developing Clairemont, University City and Rancho Peñasquitos. He is also notable for having built one of the first skyscrapers in downtown San Diego.

La Mesa, California
La Mesa (lit. 'The Table') is a city in San Diego County, California, United States, located nine miles (14 kilometers) east of downtown San Diego in Southern California. The population was 61,121 at the 2020 census, up from 57,065 at the 2010 census. Its civic motto is "the Jewel of the Hills."
Sergey Gomolyako
Sergey Yuryevich Gomolyako (Russian: Серге́й Ю́рьевич Гомоля́ко; born January 19, 1970, in Chelyabinsk, RSFSR, USSR) is a Russian former  professional ice hockey player. He played as a forward.

He was part of the Soviet national team that won the 1989 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. He also won back-to-back European Hockey League titles with Metallurg Magnitogorsk in 1998–99 and 1999–2000.
For his accomplishments, he was given the title of Master of Sports, International Class, by his native country.

During his playing days, Gomolyako's skills were often contrasted with his unusual, rotund physique, which was the product of chronic metabolic issues rather than poor conditioning.

Since 2006, he has been working as a coach.

1989 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
The 1989 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships (1989 WJHC) was the 13th edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship and was held in Anchorage, Alaska, United States at the Sullivan Arena.  The Soviet Union won the gold medal, its eighth, and final, championship.  Sweden won silver, and Czechoslovakia the bronze.