hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barnett Township
Barnett Township is the name of a few townships in the United States:

Barnett Township, Arkansas in Van Buren County, Arkansas

Barnett Township, DeWitt County, Illinois

Barnett Township, Roseau County, Minnesota

Barnett Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania

Barnett Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania

Van Buren County, Arkansas
Van Buren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,796. The county seat is Clinton. The county was formed on November 11, 1833, and named for Martin Van Buren, President of the United States, who was Vice President at the time of the county's formation. Van Buren County was a dry county until November 3, 2020, as the county residents voted to make it a wet county. Van Buren County, not be confused with the city of Van Buren, which is located approximately 100 miles to the west in Crawford County just north of Fort Smith.
Sir Henry Peyton, 2nd Baronet
Sir Henry Peyton, 2nd Baronet (1779–1854), of Doddington, Cambridgeshire and Swift's House, Bicester, Oxfordshire was an English politician.

He was the eldest son of Sir Henry Peyton, 1st Baronet of Doddington, whom he succeeded in 1789. He was educated at Harrow School (1790–1795) and Christ Church, Oxford (1797–1799).

He was elected Member (MP) of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Cambridgeshire in a by-election in May 1802 but did not stand in that year's general election. He was appointed High Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire for 1808–1809.

He was a notable carriage driver and a founder member of the Four Horse Club. He is mentioned in two novels by Georgette Heyer, The Reluctant Widow and Regency Buck.

He married Harriet, the daughter of Thomas Fitzhugh of Portland Place, Middlesex and the widow of James Bradshaw of Portland Place. They had one surviving son, Henry.

Cambridgeshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Cambridgeshire is a former Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom. It was a constituency represented by two Members of Parliament in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then in the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and in the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832, when its representation was increased to three until it was abolished in 1885.

It was reconstituted as a single-member seat in 1918 and abolished once again in 1983.
Renzaburō Shibata
Renzaburō Shibata (柴田錬三郎, Shibata Renzaburō; March 26, 1917 – June 30, 1978) was a Japanese author and Sinologist.

He graduated from Keio University and won the Naoki Prize in 1951 for Iesu no Ei (lit. Descendant of Jesus).

He is famous for Nemuri Kyōshirō, a series of jidaigeki novels. He also published a new Japanese translation of Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Water Margin.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Kordestani
Kordestani (Persian: کردستانی) is a Persian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eshrat Kordestani (born 1984), Iranian Paralympian in Sitting volleyball

Hassan Kordestani, Iranian footballer

Omid Kordestani (born 1963), Iranian-Kurdish American businessman

Eshrat Kordestani
Eshrat Kordestani (Persian: عشرت کردستانی, born 2 January 1984) is an Iranian Paralympian in Sitting volleyball. She originally competed in volleyball before she lost her foot in an anti-personnel mine accident in 2002. The Iranian women's sitting volleyball team won silver at the 2014 Incheon, when she was captain. The team also qualified to compete at the 2016 Summer Paralympics for the first time. She was the captain of the Iranian women's sitting volleyball team and also the flag-bearer for Iran in Rio 2016.
North Matewan, West Virginia
North Matewan is an unincorporated community in Mingo County, West Virginia, United States. North Matewan is located on West Virginia Route 65, 1 mile (1.6 km) east-northeast of Matewan. North Matewan has a post office with ZIP code 25688.

West Virginia Route 65
West Virginia Route 65 is a north–south state highway located within Mingo County, West Virginia, United States. The southern terminus of the route is at West Virginia Route 49 in Matewan. The northern terminus is at U.S. Route 52 in Naugatuck.
Greg Hetherington
Greg Hetherington (born May 10, 1983) is a Canadian former professional football slotback. He most recently played for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League. He was drafted by the Calgary Stampeders in the sixth round of the 2007 CFL draft. He played CIS Football for the McGill Redmen.

U Sports football
U Sports football is the highest level of amateur play of Canadian football and operates under the auspices of U Sports, Canada's governing body for university sports. Twenty-seven teams from Canadian universities are divided into four athletic conferences, drawing from the four regional associations of U Sports: Canada West Universities Athletic Association, Ontario University Athletics, Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec, and Atlantic University Sport. At the end of every season, the champions of each conference advance to semifinal bowl games; the winners of these meet in the Vanier Cup national championship.
Cal McGowan
Cal McGowan (born June 19, 1970) is an American former professional ice hockey player.

McGowan played junior hockey with the Kamloops Blazers in the Western Hockey League and with the Delta Flyers and Merritt Centennials of the British Columbia Hockey League, then went on to play eight seasons in the minor leagues before retiring as a professional player.

Kamloops Blazers
The Kamloops Blazers are a Canadian major junior ice hockey team based in Kamloops, British Columbia. The team plays in the B.C. Division of the Western Hockey League's Western Conference and plays its home games at the Sandman Centre. The Blazers originated as the Estevan Bruins in 1966, became the New Westminster Bruins in 1971, and relocated to Kamloops in 1981 as the Kamloops Junior Oilers. After moving to Kamloops, the Blazers became the WHL's most successful club, winning a record six President's Cups, a record seven Scotty Munro Memorial Trophies, and three Memorial Cup titles, all between 1983 and 1995.
Dan Margalit (mathematician)
Dan Margalit (born March 6, 1976) is an American mathematician at Vanderbilt University. His research fields include geometric group theory and low-dimensional topology, with a particular focus on mapping class groups of surfaces.

Mapping class group of a surface
In mathematics, and more precisely in topology, the mapping class group of a surface, sometimes called the modular group or Teichmüller modular group, is the group of homeomorphisms of the surface viewed up to continuous (in the compact-open topology) deformation. It is of fundamental importance for the study of 3-manifolds via their embedded surfaces and is also studied in algebraic geometry in relation to moduli problems for curves.

The mapping class group can be defined for arbitrary manifolds (indeed, for arbitrary topological spaces) but the 2-dimensional setting is the most studied in group theory.

The mapping class group of surfaces are related to various other groups, in particular braid groups and outer automorphism groups.
1972 Sindhi Language Bill
1972 Sindhi Language Bill was introduced by the Chief Minister Mumtaz Bhutto on 3 July 1972, in the Sindh Assembly, Pakistan.  The 1972 Language violence in Sindh occurred starting on 7 July 1972, when the Sindh Assembly passed the Sind Teaching, Promotion and Use of Sindhi Language Bill, 1972 which established Sindhi language as the sole official language of the province resulting in language violence in Sindh. Due to the clashes, Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto explained that this bill is not against Urdu language. Later an ordinance was also promulgated to clarify it. The original bill as passed by the Sindh Assembly on 7 July 1972 is still in place.

Chief Minister of Sindh
The chief minister of Sindh (Sindhi: وزيراعلي, Urdu: وزیر اعلىٰ—Wazīr-e Aʿlá) is the elected head of government of Sindh and serves alongside the Chief Secretary.  is the vacant Chief Minister of Sindh,

The chief minister is the head of the provincial government alongside the Chief Secretary. The Chief Minister of Sindh is elected by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh and is the leader of the provincial Legislature. The office of Chief Minister is located in Karachi, the capital of the Sindh province and is known as the CM Secretariat.
1990–91 Fulham RLFC season
The 1990–91 Fulham RLFC season was the eleventh in the club's history. They competed in the 1990–91 Second Division of the Rugby Football League. They also competed in the 1991 Challenge Cup, 1990–91 Lancashire Cup and the 1990–91 League Cup. They finished the season in 7th place in the second tier of British professional rugby league.

1990–91 Challenge Cup
The 1991 Challenge Cup was the 90th staging of rugby league's oldest knockout competition, the Challenge Cup. Known as the Silk Cut Challenge Cup for sponsorship reasons, the final was contested by Wigan and St. Helens at Wembley. Wigan won the match 13–8.
Aerodrome of Casarrubios del Monte
The Aerodrome of Casarrubios del Monte, (IATA: LEMT) is a Spanish private aerodrome located in the town of Casarrubios del Monte (Toledo). The aerodrome is managed by the company Aerohobby.

The aerodrome has an asphalt runway of 950 by 26 metres (3,117 ft × 85 ft). and a parallel Taxiway for the taxiing of aircraft.

It is a non-controlled aerodrome where the traffic (with radio) has to be separated using the Radio frequency of 123.500.

It is used for general aviation and is widely used also for the training schools from the Madrid Cuatro Vientos Airport, mainly for touch-and-go landing training.

Touch-and-go landing
In aviation, a touch-and-go landing (TGL) or circuit is a maneuver that is common when learning to fly a fixed-wing aircraft. It involves landing on a runway and taking off again without coming to a full stop. Usually the pilot then circles the airport in a defined pattern known as a circuit and repeats the maneuver. This allows many landings to be practiced in a short time.

If the pilot brings the aircraft to a full stop before taking off again, it is known as a "stop-and-go". If the aircraft's wheels do not touch the ground, it is known as a "low pass".  Both a touch-and-go landing and a low pass are types of go-around.  An unplanned touch-and-go landing is also called a "rejected landing" or "balked landing".

Touch-and-go landings can perform a crucial safety role when a plane lands with not enough space to come to a complete stop, but has enough space to accelerate and take off again.
Elizabeth Mahoney
Elizabeth "Lizzie" Mahoney was an American screenwriter active during Hollywood's silent era. She also was in charge of continuity in a number of other films during her time in the industry. She worked primarily at the American Film Company (based in Santa Barbara, California) and Essanay, frequently collaborating with screenwriter June Mathis as well as director Lloyd Ingraham.

Peggy Leads the Way
Peggy Leads the Way is a 1917 American silent drama film directed by Lloyd Ingraham and starring Mary Miles Minter. It also features Andrew Arbuckle, Carl Stockdale, Allan Forrest, Emma Kluge, and Margaret Shelby, who is Minter's older sister. It is one of approximately a dozen of Minter's films to have survived, a copy having first been found at the Dutch Filmmuseum. It was sold to the American Film Institute in 1991 and is held at the UCLA Film and Television Archive.
Apertura 2022 Liga MX final phase
The Apertura 2022 Liga MX final phase was played between 8 October and 30 October 2022. A total of twelve teams competed in the final phase to decide the champions of the Apertura 2022 Liga MX season. For the fifth straight season, an additional qualifying round, the reclassification or repechaje, was employed, which expanded the number of playoff spots to twelve.

Both finalists qualified for the 2024 CONCACAF Champions Cup.

Due to the 2022 FIFA World Cup being held in November and December, the Apertura 2022 regular season and final phase began earlier than previous seasons. As a result, the final was held on 30 October 2022 and not in the middle of December.

Pachuca defeated Toluca 8–2 on aggregate to win their seventh league title. As winners, Pachuca faced UANL, the Clausura 2023 champions, in the 2023 Campeón de Campeones.

2023 Campeón de Campeones
The 2023 Campeón de Campeones was the 50th edition of the Campeón de Campeones, an annual football super cup match, and the 49th held in the professional era of Mexican football. It took place on 25 June 2023 between Pachuca, the Apertura 2022 champion, and Tigres UANL, the Clausura 2023 champion. The match took place at Dignity Health Sports Park in Carson, California, hosting for the sixth time. Like previous editions, the Campeón de Campeones was contested at a neutral venue in the United States.

Tigres UANL won the match 2–1 to secure their fourth Campeón de Campeones title and qualified for the 2023 Campeones Cup, facing the MLS Cup 2022 champions Los Angeles FC at BMO Stadium in Los Angeles.
Šedina
Šedina (pronounced [ˈʃeːdina]) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Šentjur, eastern Slovenia. It lies just east of Dramlje. The A1 motorway runs along the southern edge of the settlement's territory. The settlement, and the entire municipality, are included in the Savinja Statistical Region, which is in the Slovenian portion of the historical Duchy of Styria.

Municipality of Šentjur
The Municipality of Šentjur (Slovene: Občina Šentjur), named Municipality of Šentjur pri Celju (Občina Šentjur pri Celju) until 2002, is a municipality in eastern Slovenia. The town of Šentjur is the seat of the municipality. With an area of 223 square kilometers (86 sq mi) it is one of the larger municipalities in Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. Saint George appears on the municipal coat of arms.
Cryptolectica ensiformis
Cryptolectica ensiformis is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from China (Hainan), India, Indonesia (Sulawesi), Japan (Tusima, the Ryukyu Islands, Honshū, Kyūshū, Shikoku) and Thailand.

The wingspan is 9.2–11 mm.

The larvae feed on Quercus acuta and Quercus sessilifolia. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant.

Quercus acuta
Quercus acuta, the Japanese evergreen oak, is an oak native to Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and China's Guizhou Province and Guangdong Province. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.
Abortion in Costa Rica
Abortion in Costa Rica is severely restricted by criminal law. Currently, abortions are allowed in Costa Rica only in order to preserve the life or physical health of the woman. Abortions are illegal in almost all cases, including when the pregnancy is a result of rape or incest and when the foetus has medical problems or birth defects. Both social and economic factors have led to this legal status. It remains unclear whether abortions are legal to preserve the mental health of the woman, though the 2013 United Nations abortion report says Costa Rica does allow abortions concerning the mental health of a woman.

Under the Carlos Alvarado Quesada administration, the discussion of the "Technical Norm" to regulate the already legal therapeutic abortion is a hot issue, as the Evangelical parties (who have a large bloc in the Legislative Assembly) vigorously oppose it.

Fetus
A fetus or foetus (/ˈfiːtəs/; pl.: fetuses, foetuses, rarely feti or foeti) is the unborn offspring of a viviparous animal that develops from an embryo. Following the embryonic stage, the fetal stage of development takes place. Prenatal development is a continuum, with no clear defining feature distinguishing an embryo from a fetus. However, in general a fetus is characterized by the presence of all the major body organs, though they will not yet be fully developed and functional, and some may not yet be situated in their final anatomical location.

In human prenatal development, fetal development begins from the ninth week after fertilization (which is the eleventh week of gestational age) and continues until the birth of a newborn.
Livadhe
Livadhe (Albanian definite form: Livadhja; Greek: Λιβαδειά) is a village and a former commune in Vlorë County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Finiq. The population at the 2011 census was 1,165.

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
2024 Brisbane International – Men's doubles
Lloyd Glasspool and Jean-Julien Rojer defeated Kevin Krawietz and Tim Pütz in the final, 7–6(7–3), 5–7, [12–10] to win the men's doubles tennis title at the 2024 Brisbane International.

Marcus Daniell and Wesley Koolhof were the reigning champions from 2019, when the men's event was last held, but Koolhof chose to compete in the United Cup instead. Daniell partnered Michael Venus, but lost in the first round to Romain Arneodo and Sam Weissborn.

This marked the final match for Marc López who came out of his retirement to play with Rafael Nadal for the very last time.

Romain Arneodo
Romain Arneodo (born 4 August 1992) is a French-born Monégasque professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 43, reached on 14 April 2025. He won the Monte-Carlo Masters doubles title in 2025, with Manuel Guinard, becoming the first Monégasque champion at the tournament.

Arneodo also reached a singles ranking of world No. 455 on 25 August 2014. From 2008 to 2013, he represented France in international competitions, but has since represented Monaco.
Damián Grosso
Damián Grosso Prijmak  (born 6 February 1975 in Castelar) is a former Argentine football goalkeeper.

Grosso made his professional debut in 1996 for Ferro Carril Oeste. He joined Almagro in 1997, helping them gain promotion to the Argentine Primera in 2000, after the club were relegated in 2001 he moved to Mexico where he played for Atlante F.C. and CD Veracruz before returning to Argentina in 2004. He played for Instituto de Córdoba, Quilmes, Talleres de Córdoba and recently in a second spell with Ferro Carril Oeste.

In January 2009, he signed for La Paz based club The Strongest.

C.D. Veracruz
Club Deportivo Veracruz, simplified as CD Veracruz, and also known as Tiburones Rojos de Veracruz, was a Mexican professional football club based in Veracruz. Until 2019, it competed in Liga MX, the top division of Mexican football, and played its home matches at the Estadio Luis "Pirata" Fuente.

Domestically, CD Veracruz won two Liga MX titles and two Copa MX titles.

In December 2019, the FMF announced the disaffiliation of Veracruz from the Liga MX due to economic debts with first team players, its youth system, and the league.
Giacinto De Cassan
Giacinto De Cassan (10 January 1917 – 13 February 1999) was an Italian cross-country skier. He was born in Rocca Pietore.

De Cassan was a financier and fought during World War II in the German military.

He participated in the demonstration event, military patrol (precursor to biathlon), in the 1948 Winter Olympics, when he had the military rank Caporalmaggiore. In 1948 he placed first, 1950 second and in 1951 he finished first again at the Italian masterships of cross-country skiing in the 50 km (and long distances) category.

Further notable results were:

1948: 1st, Italian men's championships of cross-country skiing, 50 km

1950: 2nd, Italian men's championships of cross-country skiing, 50 km

1951: 1st, Italian men's championships of cross-country skiing, 50 km

De Cassan died in Predaia on 13 February 1999.

Italian Army ranks
The Italian Army ranks are the ranks used by the Italian Army, the insignia for which are worn on epaulettes of shirts. Ranks in the Italian Army indicate both their officers' status and seniority, as dedicated members of the Italian militia. As of 2024, the lowest rank is "soldato semplice" and the highest rank is "generale". There are a total of 32 ranks in seven categories. These categories include: temporary service volunteers, permanent service volunteers, sergeants, marshals (NCOs), junior officers, senior officers, and generals.

In order to clearly show an officer's rank as a form of identification and authority, insignia patches are worn by all members of the Italian army. In each ranking category of officer, there is a trend in the symbols shown on their insignia patches. As soldiers gain ranks, the symbols on their insignia become more detailed and recognizable, such as adding an additional star or stripe per higher rank achieved.
Balsys
Balsys is the masculine form of a Lithuanian surname. Its feminine forms  are: Balsienė (married woman or widow) and Balsytė (unmarried woman). Notable people with the surname include:

Eduardas Balsys, Lithuanian composer

Linas Balsys (born 1976), Lithuanian Paralympics athlete

Masculinity
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
Paretroplus loisellei
Paretroplus loisellei is a vulnerable species of cichlid fish from the Mahanara River basin north of Sambava in northeastern Madagascar. Until its scientific description in 2011, this population was usually referred to as Paretroplus sp. nov. "Ventitry" or included in P. damii, which it resembles. It reaches about 15 centimetres (5.9 in) in length, and is threatened by habitat loss and introduced species. The similar named Ptychochromis loisellei is also restricted to the Mahanara River basin. The specific name honours Paul V. Loiselle, Emeritus Curator of Freshwater Fishes at the New York Aquarium and a researcher in, and campaigner for the conservation of, the freshwater fish of Madagascar.

Sambava
Sambava [samˈbav] is a city and commune (commune urbaine; Malagasy: kaominina) at the east coast of northern Madagascar. It is the capital of Sambava District and Sava Region. The population of the commune was 84,039 in as of the 2018 commune census.
North of Sambava is the  Ampasimbato Lake (50 km).