hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1978 California gubernatorial election
The 1978 California gubernatorial election occurred on November 7, 1978. The Democratic incumbent, Jerry Brown, defeated the Republican nominee Attorney General Evelle J. Younger and independent candidate Ed Clark in a landslide.

Primary elections were held on June 6. The party primaries were overshadowed by the results of Proposition 13, an initiative to alter the state property tax formula, which was approved on the same day. Brown had only minor opposition in the Democratic primary, and Younger defeated LAPD chief Edward M. Davis and Ken Maddy in the Republican primary. San Diego mayor Pete Wilson and John Briggs, the sponsor of Proposition 6 on the November ballot, also ran.

California Republican Party
The California Republican Party (CAGOP) is the affiliate of the United States Republican Party in  the U.S. state of California. The party is based in Sacramento, California and is led by chair Corrin Rankin.

As of October 2023, Republicans represent approximately 23.9% of the state's registered voters, placing the party far behind the California Democratic Party which has 46.8% of registered voters. The party is a super minority in the California State Legislature, holding less than 1/3 (33.3%) of the seats in both chambers of the legislature: 20 seats out of 80 in the California State Assembly (23.75%), and 9 seats out of 40 in the California State Senate (23%). The party holds none of the eight statewide executive branch offices, 9 of the state's 52 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives delegation (17%), and neither of California's seats in the U.S. Senate.
Hoyle Casino
Hoyle Casino is a virtual casino video game series released from 1996 to 2016 as a spin-off of the Hoyle's Official Book of Games series developed and published by Sierra Entertainment. After 2005, publication of the series moved to Encore, Inc.

Set in a virtual Las Vegas casino, players create profiles and are given a set amount of virtual money.  A player can then visit any part of the virtual casino and wager their virtual money as they could in a real casino. A related business simulation game called Hoyle Casino Empire was released in 2002.

Las Vegas Strip
The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada, that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip, as it is known, is about 4.2 mi (6.8 km) long, and is immediately south of the Las Vegas city limits in the unincorporated towns of Paradise and Winchester, but is often referred to simply as "Las Vegas".

Many of the largest hotel casino and resort properties in the world are on the Strip. Its hotels, casinos, restaurants, residential high-rises, entertainment offerings, and skyline have established the Strip as one of the most popular and iconic tourist destinations in the world and is one of the driving forces for Las Vegas's economy. Most of the Strip has been designated as an All-American Road, and the North and South Las Vegas Strip routes are classified as Nevada Scenic Byways and National Scenic Byways.
Valeri Prosvirnin
Valeri Prosvirnin (born 26 May 1986) is an Estonian rower.

He was born in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. In 2010 he graduated from Estonian Academy of Security Sciences.

He started his rowing exercising in 1995, coached by his father. He has competed at European Rowing Championships, best place 7th in quadruple sculls (2011). He is 7-times Estonian champion in different rowing disciplines.

In 2006 he was named as Best Surprise of the Year of Estonian Rowing Association.

Estonian Rowing Association
Estonian Rowing Association (abbreviation ERA; Estonian: Eesti Sõudeliit) is one of the sport governing bodies in Estonia which deals with rowing.

ERA is re-established on 8 December 1989, being a legal successor of Estonian Rowing Federation, which was established on 28 July 1938. ERA is a member of World Rowing Federation (FISA).
Fallout (Marianas Trench song)
"Fallout" is a song by Canadian pop punk band Marianas Trench. It was released on November 14, 2011, as the second single from their third studio album, Ever After (2011). The song has peaked in the Top 40 on the Billboard Canadian Hot 100 and been certified Gold by Music Canada. In March 2023, "Fallout" was certified Triple Platinum.

Music Canada
Music Canada is a non-profit trade organization that was founded 9 April 1963 in Toronto to represent the interests of companies that record, manufacture, produce, and distribute music in Canada. It also offers benefits to some of Canada's leading independent record labels and distributors. It was known as the Canadian Record Manufacturer's Association (French: Association canadienne des fabricants de disques) until 1972 and the Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA) (French: Association de l'industrie canadienne de l'enregistrement) until 2011.
Kesbewa Urban Council
Kesbewa Urban Council (Sinhala: කැස්බෑව නගර සභාව, Tamil: கெஸ்பேவா நகர சபை) is the local authority for the city of Kesbewa and surrounding suburbs in Sri Lanka.

The vision of the council as stated on their website is:

To provide health services, roads, public utilities and welfare services by efficiently and effectively utilising the human and physical resources of the Municipal Council to promote the well-being and quality of life of the people in the Kesbewa Municipal Council area.

Kesbewa
Kesbewa  (Sinhala: කැස්බැව, Tamil: கெஸ்பேவா) is a suburb town of the city of Colombo, Sri Lanka, situated approximately 20 km (12 mi) south of Colombo. It is one of the relatively more populated suburbs located in the Colombo District of the Western Province and it is surrounded by the other suburbs of Moratuwa, Maharagama, Pannipitiya, Bandaragama and Kahathuduwa. The Kesbewa Urban Council is located in Piliyandala.
Miss Teen USA 2021
Miss Teen USA 2021 was the 39th Miss Teen USA pageant, held at the Paradise Cove Theater of River Spirit Casino Resort in Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States, on November 27, 2021.

Ki'ilani Arruda of Hawaii crowned Breanna Myles of Florida as her successor at the end of the event. It was the first year of the competition under Crystle Stewart's directorship. This was the first time since 1988 that the State Costume competition took place before the eve of preliminary competition.

Kiʻilani Arruda
Kiʻilani Arruda (born April 13, 2002) is an American beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Hawaii Teen USA 2020. Arruda had previously won Miss Teen USA 2020; she is the second competitor from Hawaii to have won Miss Teen USA.
Sajid Shah
Syed Sajid Shah (born October 19, 1974 in Mardan) is a Pakistani first-class cricketer. A right-arm fast-medium bowler, Shah debuted in 1993/94 and has since taken over 500 first-class wickets. In 2002 he was fined by the Pakistan Cricket Board for ball tampering during a domestic one-day match.

Mardan
Mardān is a city in the Mardan District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Located in the Valley of Peshawar, Mardan is the second-largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (after Peshawar). It is a fast-growing city that experienced a population boom in the latter half of the 20th century.

Around 1800 BCE, the area around Mardan was part of the homeland of the Gandhara grave culture. Rock edicts of the ancient Indian King Ashoka in the nearby Shahbaz Garhi, written in the right-to-left Kharosthi script, dates from the Mauryan period (mid-200s BCE) and represent the earliest irrefutable evidence of writing in South Asia. The nearby Takht-i-Bahi which has remains of an ancient Buddhist monastery was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.
Contact sign
A contact sign language, or contact sign, is a variety or style of language that arises from contact between deaf individuals using a sign language and hearing individuals using an oral language (or the written or manually coded form of the oral language). Contact languages also arise between different sign languages, although the term pidgin rather than contact sign is used to describe such phenomena.

Contact sign has been characterized as "a sign language that has elements of both [a] natural sign language and the surrounding [oral] language".

Auslan
Auslan (/ˈɒzlæn/; an abbreviation of Australian Sign Language) is the sign language used by the majority of the Australian Deaf community. Auslan is related to British Sign Language (BSL) and New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL); the three have descended from the same parent language, and together comprise the BANZSL language family. As with other sign languages, Auslan's grammar and vocabulary is quite different from spoken English. Its origin cannot be attributed to any individual; rather, it is a natural language that emerged spontaneously and has changed over time.
Jitka Landová
Jitka Landová (born 20 July 1990 in Jablonec nad Nisou) is a former Czech biathlete, AND a double Winter Universiade winner in the mass start competition. She competed at the Biathlon World Championships 2012 in Ruhpolding and at the Biathlon World Championships 2013 in Nové Město na Moravě. She competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. Her best result here was 3rd place in relay, shared with her Czech teammates Eva Puskarčíková, Gabriela Soukalová and Veronika Vítková. Apart from that, she also competed in sprint, pursuit and individual.

Ruhpolding
Ruhpolding (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːpɔldɪŋ]) is the municipality with the biggest area of the Traunstein district in southeastern Bavaria, Germany. It is situated in the south of the Chiemgau region in the Alps and next to the Austrian border.

The economy is based on tourism and sports. Major winter sports held in the district include biathlon and Ski jumping. Other sports which are possible for tourists and residents are golf, mountainbiking, shooting, hiking, fly fishing and skiing.
2024 Boys' U19 South American Volleyball Championship
The 2024 Boys' U19 South American Volleyball Championship was the 23rd edition of the Boys' Youth South American Volleyball Championship, a biennial international youth volleyball tournament organised by the Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) for the boys' under-19 national teams of South America. It was held for the second consecutive time in Araguari, Brazil from 31 July to 4 August 2024.

Same as previous editions, the tournament acted as the CSV qualifiers for the FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship. The top three teams qualified for the 2025 FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship as the CSV representatives.

Defending champions Argentina successfully retained their title after finishing first of the single group. Champions Argentina, runners-up Brazil and third-place Colombia qualified 2025 FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship.

Argentina men's national under-19 volleyball team
The Argentina men's national under-19 volleyball team represents Argentina in men's under-19 volleyball events, it is controlled and managed by the Argentine Volleyball Federation that is a member of South American volleyball body Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) and the international volleyball body government the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB).
Close and open harmony
A chord is in close harmony (also called close position or close structure) if its notes are arranged within a narrow range, usually with no more than an octave between the top and bottom notes. In contrast, a chord is in open harmony (also called open position or open structure) if there is more than an octave between the top and bottom notes. The more general term spacing describes how far apart the notes in a chord are voiced. A triad in close harmony has compact spacing, while one in open harmony has wider spacing.

Close harmony or voicing can refer to both instrumental and vocal arrangements. It can follow the standard voice-leading rules of classical harmony, as in string quartets or Bach chorales, or proceed in parallel motion with the melody in thirds or sixths.

Voice leading
Voice leading (or part writing) is the linear progression of individual melodic lines (voices or parts) and their interaction with one another to create harmonies, typically in accordance with the principles of common-practice harmony and counterpoint. These principles include voices sounding smooth and independent, generally minimising movement to common tones as well as steps to the closest chord tone possible, therefore minimising leaps where possible. As a result, different voicings and inversions of chords may provide smoother voice leading.

Rigorous concern for voice leading is of greatest importance in common-practice music, although jazz and pop music also demonstrate attention to voice leading to varying degrees.

The style of voice leading will depend on the performing medium; for example, singing a large leap may be harder than playing it on piano.
Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country
Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (Spanish: Partido Regionalista del País Leonés) is a regional political party in Castilla y León, Spain. PREPAL strives to establish a separate autonomous community (País Leonés or Autonomous Community of País Leonés) for the provinces of Salamanca, Zamora and León, (parts of the old Kingdom of León), now in the Autonomous Community of Castile and León. This movement is known as Leonesism.

PREPAL was founded in 1980 by Francisco Iglesias Carreño.

Province of León
León (UK: /leɪˈɒn/, US: /leɪˈoʊn/; Spanish: [leˈon]; Leonese: Llión [ʎiˈoŋ]; Galician: [leˈoŋ]) is a province of northwestern Spain in the northern part of the Region of León and in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

About one quarter of its population of 463,746 (2018) lives in the capital, León. The climate is dry, cold in winter and hot in summer. This creates the perfect environment for wine and all types of cold meats and sausages like the leonese "Morcilla" and the "Cecina".

There are two famous Roman Catholic cathedrals in the province, the main one in León and another in Astorga. The province shares the Picos de Europa National Park (in the Picos de Europa mountain range) with Cantabria and Asturias. It has 211 municipalities.
Producer Price Index (India)
The Indian Wholesale Price Index was first published in 1902 in India. The Producer Price Index hasn't been in use in India yet, but Niti Aayog has created a roadmap to introduce it soon. The Wholesale Price Index is the index used to measure the changes in the average price level of goods traded in wholesale market. A total of 697 commodity prices make up the index. It is available on a weekly basis for three different categories and a monthly compilation, with the shortest possible measurement lag being two weeks. Because of this, it is widely used in business and industry circles and in government, and is generally taken as an indicator of the inflation rate in the Indian economy. Due to high inflation rates the Indian government reduces some commodities.

Wholesaling
Wholesaling or distributing is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional or other professional business users; or to other wholesalers (wholesale businesses) and related subordinated services. In general, it is the sale of goods in bulk to anyone, either a person or an organization, other than the end consumer of that merchandise. Wholesaling involves purchasing goods in bulk, usually directly from the manufacturer or source, at a discounted rate. Retailers then sell these goods to end consumers at a higher price, generating a profit.

Traditionally, wholesalers were closer to the markets they supplied than the source from which they got the products. However, with the advent of the internet and e-procurement there is an increasing number of wholesalers located nearer to the manufacturers in China, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. The profit margins of wholesalers depend largely on their ability to achieve market competitive transaction costs.
Cinithian
Cinithians were an ancient Berber tribe of Roman North Africa, who occupied the area of modern Algeria.

Several inscriptions bear testimony of their presence. Near the Roman town of Githis, in southern Tunisia, there is a second-century dedication to The Empire and Memmius Pacatus, who 'stood out among his people'. Here he is called a 'Cinithius'. He was believed to be a leader of the tribe and his family went on to achieve senatorial rank.

At the veteran colony of Sitifis there is another  inscription that mentions the tribe of the Cinithians.

They are also cited by Cornelius Tacitus as "...a nation by no means contemptible".

Civitas
In Ancient Rome, a civitas (Latin pronunciation: [ˈkiːwɪtaːs]; plural civitates), sometimes translated as "city", was the social body of the cives, or citizens, united by their laws, which gave them responsibilities (Latin: munera) on the one hand, and rights on the other. The agreement (concilium) has a life of its own, creating a res publica or "public entity" (synonymous with civitas), into which individuals are born or accepted, and from which they die or are ejected. The civitas is not just the collective body of all the citizens; it is the contract binding them all together, because each of them is a civis.
Don't It Make You Want to Go Home?
Don't It Make You Want to Go Home? is the third album by the American musician Joe South, released in 1969. The title track and "Walk a Mile in My Shoes" were released as singles. The album peaked at No. 60 on the Billboard 200. It was reissued in 2004.

Joe South
Joe South (born Joseph Alfred Souter; February 28, 1940 – September 5, 2012) was an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer. Best known for his songwriting, South won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year in 1970 for "Games People Play" and was again nominated for the award in 1972 for "Rose Garden".
Reeta-Mari Kolkkala
Reeta-Mari Kolkkala (born 21 January 1969) is a Finnish orienteering competitor and world champion.

She won a gold medal in the relay event at the 1995 World Orienteering Championships in Detmold, finished 4th in 1997, received a silver medal in 1999, and another gold medal in Tampere in 2001 with the Finnish relay team. She finished 6th in the classic course in 1999. She received an individual bronze medal in the classic course in Tampere in 2001, and finished 5th in the sprint and 5th in the short course.

Orienteering
Orienteering is a group of sports in which participants use a map and compass to navigate from point to point in unfamiliar terrain as quickly as possible.

The sport originated from military land-navigation training in the late 19th century. It has since evolved into several competitive forms where participants race against the clock and other competitors while navigating through checkpoints. Variants include automobile, underwater, mountain bike, ski, and trail orienteering. The most common form is foot orienteering, also known as FootO.

In formal foot-orienteering competitions, participants are given a specially prepared orienteering map, usually topographical, which they use to locate control points.

Orienteering is part of the World Games and the World Police and Fire Games.
Corn tea
Oksusu-cha (옥수수차) or corn tea is a Korean tea made from corn. While oksusu-suyeom-cha (옥수수수염차) or corn silk tea refers to the tea made from corn silk, oksusu-cha can be made from corn kernels, corn silk, or a combination of both. The caffeine-free infusion is a popular hot drink in winter.

In Gangwon Province, the tea is called gangnaengi-cha (강냉이차)—gangnaengi is a Gangwon dialect for "corn"—and is consumed throughout late autumn and winter in most households.

Gangwon dialect
The Gangwon dialect (Korean: 강원 방언) is spoken in South Korea's Gangwon Province and in North Korea's Kangwŏn Province. Although they are large provinces by area, relatively few people lived in the Gangwon Province. As a result, people living in the western side of Gangwon (Yeongseo) did not develop a highly distinctive dialect. However, the part of Gangwon that stretches along the eastern coast of Korea's Yeongdong region did develop a distinctive dialect. This is because the Taebaek Mountains bisect the Gangwon Province, and the people living eastern Gangwon were therefore isolated.

Distinguishing features of the Gangwon dialect:

ㅆ (ss) is pronounced as ㅅ (s).

The standard 아 (ah) sound is changed to 어 (eo) at the end of sentences.

Questions may end in 나 (na), -노 (no), -고 (go), -가 (ga).
Hungarian Mortgage Credit Bank
The Hungarian Mortgage Credit Bank (Hungarian: Magyar Jelzálog-Hitelbank, occasionally referred to simply as "Mortgage Bank") was a significant Hungarian bank, founded in 1869 in Budapest. By 1913 it was the third-largest bank in the country by total assets, behind the Hungarian Commercial Bank of Pest and the First National Savings Bank of Pest.: 219  It was nationalized in 1947–1949, together with the rest of the Hungarian banking sector.

In 1881, it received further investment from a group of investors formed by Vienna's Unionbank and France's Société Générale and Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas. The bank was long led by Hungarian statesman Kálmán Széll.: 219

The Mortgage Bank remained among the country's leading banks during the interwar period.: 192  Its chairman and CEO from 1918 to 1925 was Gyula Madarassy-Beck. Its managing director from 1937 to 1944 was Imre Oltványi, who would become governor of the Hungarian National Bank in the immediate postwar era.

Société Générale
Société Générale S.A. (French: [sɔsjete ʒeneʁal]), colloquially known in English-speaking countries as SocGen (pronounced [sɔk ʒɛn]), is a French multinational universal bank and financial services company founded in 1864. It is registered in downtown Paris and headquartered nearby in La Défense.

Société Générale is France's third largest bank by total assets after BNP Paribas and Crédit Agricole. It is also the sixth largest bank in Europe and the world's eighteenth. It is considered to be a systemically important bank by the Financial Stability Board. It has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank.

From 1966 to 2003 it was known as one of the Trois Vieilles ("Old Three") major French commercial banks, along with Banque Nationale de Paris (from 2000 BNP Paribas) and Crédit Lyonnais.
Souk Ahras
Souk Ahras (Arabic: سوق أهراس, romanized: Sūq Ahrās) is a municipality in Algeria. It is the capital of Souk Ahras Province. The Numidian city of Thagaste (or Tagaste), on whose ruins Souk Ahras was built, was the birthplace of Augustine of Hippo and a center of Berber culture.

Medjerda River
The Medjerda River (Arabic: وادي مجردة), the classical Bagradas, is a river in North Africa flowing from northeast Algeria through Tunisia before emptying into the Gulf of Tunis and Lake of Tunis. With a length of 450 km (280 mi), it is the longest river of Tunisia. It is also known as the Wadi Majardah or Mejerda (French: Oued Majardah).