hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fraise Tagada
The Fraise Tagada ("Tagada Strawberry") is a candy invented in 1969 by the Haribo Company. The Fraise Tagada is presented in the shape of an inflated strawberry covered in fine sugar, colored pink and scented.

The candy is made from sugar, glucose syrup, gelatin, citric acid, flavoring, curcumin (coloring), carmine, and mixed carotenes. There have, however, also been versions produced that do not contain curcumin.

Curcumin
Curcumin is a bright yellow chemical produced by plants of the Curcuma longa species. It is the principal curcuminoid of turmeric (Curcuma longa), a member of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. It is sold as an herbal supplement, cosmetics ingredient, food flavoring, and food coloring.

Chemically, curcumin is a polyphenol, more particularly a diarylheptanoid, belonging to the group of curcuminoids, which are phenolic pigments responsible for the yellow color of turmeric.

Extensive studies have consistently failed to show any medical value for curcumin. It is difficult to study because it is both unstable and poorly bioavailable. It is unlikely to produce useful leads for drug development as a lead compound.
Qatar Petroleum District
Qatar Petroleum District is a set of ten towers office buildings on the Majlis Al Taawon street, West Bay Doha, Qatar. It is the headquarters for QatarEnergy. The tallest building called Tower 7 is 222.07 metres (728.6 ft) high and has 47 floors. It was begun in 2012 and completed in 2016. The design, construction and comments of this collection have been under the supervision of AECOM. Qatar Petroleum District towers a five-star business hotel, restaurants, conference centre, mosque and other amenities.

AECOM
AECOM (/eɪ.iːˈkɒm/, ay-ee-KOM; formerly AECOM Technology Corporation) is an American multinational infrastructure consulting firm headquartered in Dallas, Texas.

The company's official name from 1990–2015 was AECOM Technology Corporation, and is now AECOM. The company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol ACM.

As of 2023, AECOM had approximately 51,000 employees, and was number 291 on the 2023 Fortune 500 list.
Manasses III, Count of Rethel
Manasses III, Count of Rethel (1022 – 1065 or 1080) was a son of Manasses II and his wife Dada (possibly Judith or Yvette de Roucy).  He succeeded his father as Count of Rethel in 1032.

Little is known about his life, although he is mentioned often between 1048 and 1081.

Rethel
Rethel (French: [ʁətɛl] ⓘ) is a commune in the Ardennes department in northern France. It is a sub-prefecture and third-most important city and economic center in the department. It is situated on the river Aisne, near the northern border of Champagne and 37 km from Reims.

Its inhabitants are called Rethélois.
Ammun (gate)
Ammun (Korean: 암문) is a type of gate in traditional Korean architecture that was built without intentionally building a gate tower in the castle walls. It was usually built in a remote or deep place so that the general public or enemies would not know about it, and it was used to secretly transport supplies.

It is built in the form of a hole in the wall without a gate tower. It was built to allow passage when the enemy blocks the main gate in case of emergency. There are a total of 9 secret gates in Hanyangdoseong.

Seoul City Wall
The Seoul City Wall (Korean: 서울 성곽) or Hanyang Doseong (한양도성) is a defensive wall first built by the King Taejo of Joseon dynasty to defend the downtown area of Joseon's capital city Hanseong (한성; 漢城). It was designated as a Historic Site of South Korea in 1963, and is currently a tourist attraction around Downtown Seoul.
Malheur National Wildlife Refuge
Malheur National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located roughly 30 miles (48 km) south of the city of Burns in Oregon's Harney Basin. Administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, the refuge area is roughly T-shaped with the southernmost base at Frenchglen, the northeast section at Malheur Lake and the northwest section at Harney Lake.

The refuge was created in 1908 by order of President Theodore Roosevelt to protect habitat for diverse waterfowl and migratory birds, and grew to encompass 187,757 acres (760 km2; 293 sq mi) of public lands. A popular site for birding, fishing, hunting and hiking, the refuge gained widespread attention in early 2016 after its headquarters complex was occupied by armed anti-government protesters.

Tundra swan
The tundra swan (Cygnus columbianus) is a small swan of the Holarctic. The two taxa within it are usually regarded as conspecific, but are also sometimes split into two species: Bewick's swan (Cygnus bewickii) of the Palaearctic and the whistling swan (C. columbianus) proper of the Nearctic. Birds from eastern Russia (roughly east of the Taymyr Peninsula) are sometimes separated as the subspecies C. c. jankowskii, but this is not widely accepted as distinct, with most authors including them in C. c. bewickii.

Bewick's swan was named in 1830 by William Yarrell after the engraver Thomas Bewick, who specialised in illustrations of birds and animals. Cygnus is the Latin for "swan", and  columbianus comes from the Columbia River, the type locality.
Borssum, Emden
Borssum or Borßum is a village in Lower Saxony, Germany. Together with the village of Hilmarsum it forms a district (Stadtteil) of Emden. The East Frisian village on the Eems is located southeast of the city.

The history of Borssum dates back to the seventh century. It originated from two centres, Groß-Borssum and Klein-Borssum, both of which had a borg. Today, the Westerburg School and the Osterburg School are located on the location of both buildings.

The historic village with a church from the thirteenth century, has grown into one of the larger districts of Emden, especially after the Second World War.

East Frisia
East Frisia (/ˈfriːʒə/) or East Friesland (/ˈfriːzlənd/; German: Ostfriesland; East Frisian Low Saxon: Oostfräisland; Saterland Frisian: Aastfräislound) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia and to the west of Landkreis Friesland.

Administratively, East Frisia consists of the districts Aurich, Leer and Wittmund, and the city of Emden. It has a population of approximately 469,000 people and an area of 3,142 square kilometres (1,213 sq mi).

There is a chain of islands off the coast, called the East Frisian Islands (German: Ostfriesische Inseln). From west to east, these islands are Borkum, Juist, Norderney, Baltrum, Langeoog and Spiekeroog.
Jozef Lettrich
Jozef Lettrich (17 June 1905 in Turčianske Teplice — 29 November 1969 in New York City) was a Slovak writer and politician.

Lettrich is best known as the leader of the non-Communist, big tent Democratic Party between 1944 and 1948. Lettrich opposed the Nazi-allied Ľudaks who ruled Slovakia during World War II, and he was one of the organizers of the 1944 Slovak National Uprising. After the war, his party won the majority of Slovak votes in the 1946 Czechoslovak parliamentary election. Following the Communist Uprisings of February 1948, he fled Slovakia for the United States where he was one of the most prominent Czechoslovak emigres, known for his anti-communist writings.

1946 Czechoslovak parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Czechoslovakia on 26 May 1946. The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia emerged as the largest party, winning 114 of the 300 seats (93 for the main party and 21 for its Slovak branch) with 38% of the vote. The Communist vote share was higher than any party had ever achieved in a Czechoslovak parliamentary election; previously, no party had ever won more than 25%. Voter turnout was 94%. The national results also determined the composition of the Slovak National Council and local committees.

This was one of only two free nationwide elections held in the Eastern Bloc, the other having been the 1945 Hungarian parliamentary election. Two years later, the Communists staged a coup d'etat and forced President Edvard Beneš to appoint a Communist-dominated government. As a result, the 1946 election was the last free and fair election held in Czechoslovakia until 1990.
Kamienna, Kutno County
Kamienna [kaˈmjɛnna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oporów, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Oporów, 10 km (6 mi) east of Kutno, and 51 km (32 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Kutno County
Kutno County (Polish: powiat kutnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kutno, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Żychlin, lying 18 km (11 mi) east of Kutno, and Krośniewice, 14 km (9 mi) west of Kutno.

The county covers an area of 886.29 square kilometres (342.2 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 104,124, out of which the population of Kutno was 47,557, that of Żychlin is 8,880, that of Krośniewice was 4,647, and the rural population was 43,040.
Hiroshima Maple Reds
Hiroshima Maple Reds is a women's handball team based in Hiroshima, Japan. It plays in the Japan Handball League.  The club was founded in 1994 and belonged to IZUMI, a supermarket company in Hiroshima. The club was dissolved in 2001, then reinstated as HIROSHIMA MAPLE REDS by the Hiroshima Women's Sports Club (NPO).

From 1994 to 2006, the club has won the championships of Japan Handball League and others for 24 times in Japan.  They won the 1st prize at the Second East Asian Handball Club Championship in 2005 in Suzhou, China. And the 3rd prize at the First in Seongnam, Korea and the 4th prize at the third in Kyoto, Japan.  They won the 2nd prize at the 12th Hiroshima International Handball Games in 2007.

In April 2019 they were rebranded as the Izumi Maple Reds and did not play the 2020 season due to coronavirus concerns.

Japan Handball League
The Japan Handball League (日本ハンドボールリーグ, Nihon Handball Rīgu) (JHL), is the top professional  handball league in Japan. Team names and home cities/towns are from the official site for the 46th Japan Handball League (2021/2022 Season).
Golovchino
Golovchino (Russian: Головчино) is a rural locality (a selo) in Grayvoronsky District of Belgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the banks the Vorskla River (the left tributary of the Dnieper River). Population: 4,716 (2010 census); 5,288 (2002 census). The name of the village, Golovchino, is associated with count Gavrila Ivanovich Golovkin (1660-1734), a prominent member of the government of Peter the Great. In 2023 an administrative building caught on fire; officials blamed a quadcopter.

Quadcopter
A quadcopter, also called quadrocopter, or quadrotor is a type of helicopter or multicopter that has four rotors.

Although quadrotor helicopters and convertiplanes have long been flown experimentally, the configuration remained a curiosity until the arrival of the modern unmanned aerial vehicle or drone. The small size and low inertia of drones allows use of a particularly simple flight control system, which has greatly increased the practicality of the small quadrotor in this application.
Absorber
In high energy physics experiments, an absorber is a block of material used to absorb some of the energy of an incident particle in an experiment. Absorbers can be made of a variety of materials, depending on the purpose; lead, tungsten and liquid hydrogen are common choices. Most absorbers are used as part of a particle detector; particle accelerators use absorbers to reduce the radiation damage on accelerator components.

Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
In physics, absorption of electromagnetic radiation is how matter (typically electrons bound in atoms) takes up a photon's energy—and so transforms electromagnetic energy into internal energy of the absorber (for example, thermal energy).

A notable effect of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is attenuation of the radiation; attenuation is the gradual reduction of the intensity of light waves as they propagate through a medium.

Although the absorption of waves does not usually depend on their intensity (linear absorption), in certain conditions (optics) the medium's transparency changes by a factor that varies as a function of wave intensity, and saturable absorption (or nonlinear absorption) occurs.
2025 City of Playford Tennis International – Women's doubles
Talia Gibson and Maddison Inglis won the title, defeating Back Da-yeon and Lee Eun-hye in the final; 6–2, 6–0.

Alexandra Bozovic and Petra Hule were the defending champions but Bozovic chose not to participate. Hule partnered Elena Micic, but lost in the semifinals to Back and Lee.

Elena Micic
Elena Micic (born 13 July 2004) is an Australian tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of 349 by the WTA, achieved on 19 May 2025, and a best WTA doubles ranking of 221, reached on 22 September 2025.

Micic began playing tennis at the age of three in her home in Caroline Springs, Victoria.

She made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2024 Adelaide International, where she partnered Tina Nadine Smith in the doubles competition.

Micic won her first $50k title at Montemor-o-Novo in Portugal in the doubles draw, partnering Alana Parnaby.

Given a wildcard entry, she made it through to the final round of qualifying at the 2025 Australian Open, where she lost to Polina Kudermetova.
2012 end-of-year rugby union internationals
The 2012 autumn internationals, also known as the autumn tests, November tests and, in the Southern Hemisphere, the end of year tests, were international rugby union matches. They were predominantly played between visiting Southern Hemisphere countries and European nations.

The IRB introduced an International Rugby Series, to improve competitiveness ahead of the next World Cup, that included Tier 2 nations Tonga, Canada, Russia, Samoa and the United States. The first tournament was held at Colwyn Bay's Eirias Stadium in North Wales.

The tournament was in addition to those tests played between Tier 1 and Tier 2 nations. Wales and France hosted Samoa, England and Ireland hosted Fiji and Scotland and Italy hosted Tonga.

Both Georgia and Romania hosted Japan, while Portugal travelled to South America to play a two test tour, where they earn victories over Uruguay and Chile. Namibia hosted a tournament including Spain and Zimbabwe, with Spain winning both tests to clinch the tournament.

Portugal national rugby union team
The Portugal national rugby union team, nicknamed Os Lobos (The Wolves), represents Portugal in men's international competitions, They are  administered by the Portuguese Rugby Federation.
Portugal have experienced modest success in the last two decades. They qualified for the 2007 Rugby World Cup in France and though they lost all their matches, they managed to score one try in each game and led against Romania until the late minutes.

Portugal qualified for their second Rugby World Cup in 2022, topping a repechage qualifying group featuring the United States, Hong Kong, and Kenya to qualify for the 2023 Rugby World Cup. In that edition of the tournament, Portugal got their first draw in a Rugby World Cup against Georgia 18–18, and got their first ever win in the Rugby World Cup when they beat Fiji 24–23. Portugal will play in its third Rugby World Cup in 2027.
Amphenicol
Amphenicols are a class of antibiotics with a phenylpropanoid structure. They function by blocking the enzyme peptidyl transferase on the 50S ribosome subunit of bacteria.

Examples of amphenicols include chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, azidamfenicol, and florfenicol.  The first-in-class compound was chloramphenicol, introduced in 1949.  Chloramphenicol was initially discovered as a natural product and isolated from the soil bacteria Streptomyces venezuelae; however, all amphenicols are now made by chemical synthesis.

Prokaryotic large ribosomal subunit
50S is the larger subunit of the 70S ribosome of prokaryotes, i.e. bacteria and archaea. It is the site of inhibition for antibiotics such as macrolides, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and the pleuromutilins. It includes the 5S ribosomal RNA and 23S ribosomal RNA.

Despite having the same sedimentation rate, bacterial and archaeal ribosomes can be quite different.
What Richard Did
What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish drama film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's Bad Day in Blackrock, a 2008 novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012.

It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York in April 2013.

BFI London Film Festival
The BFI London Film Festival is an annual film festival held in London, England, in collaboration with the British Film Institute. Founded in 1957, the festival runs for two weeks every October.

In 2016, the BFI estimated that around 240 feature films and 150 short films from more than 70 countries are screened at the festival each year.
The Serpent's Egg (Defiance)
"The Serpent's Egg" is the fifth episode of the first season of the American science fiction series Defiance, and the series' fifth episode overall. It was aired on May 13, 2013. The episode was written by David Weddle & Bradley Thompson and it was directed by Omar Madha.

Defiance season 1
The first season of the American science fiction television series Defiance premiered on Syfy on Monday April 15, 2013 and ended on July 8, 2013 with a total of 13 episodes. The show stars Grant Bowler, Julie Benz, Stephanie Leonidas, Tony Curran, Jaime Murray, Graham Greene and Mia Kirshner.

The series is produced by Universal Cable Productions, in transmedia collaboration with Trion Worlds, who have released an MMORPG video game of the same name which is tied into the series.
Persuader (novel)
Persuader is the seventh book in the Jack Reacher series written by Lee Child. It is written in the first person.

This book was the basis for season three of the Reacher, which premiered February 20, 2025 on Amazon Prime Video.

Lee Child
James Dover Grant CBE (born 29 October 1954), primarily known by his pen name Lee Child, is a British author who writes thriller novels and is best known for his Jack Reacher novel series. The books follow the adventures of a former American military policeman, Jack Reacher, who wanders the United States. His first novel, Killing Floor (1997), won the Anthony Award and the 1998 Barry Award for Best First Novel.
6th Kentucky Infantry Regiment (Confederate)
The 6th Kentucky Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. It was formed from Nelson, Barren, and surrounding counties. It was also part of the First Kentucky Brigade.

Dalton, Georgia
Dalton is a city and the county seat of Whitfield County, Georgia, United States. It is also the principal city of the Dalton Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Murray and Whitfield counties.

As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 34,417 people; the city's metro area was 124,837. Dalton is located just off Interstate 75 in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains in northwest Georgia and is the second-largest city in northwest Georgia, after Rome.

Dalton is home to many of the nation's floor-covering manufacturers, primarily those producing carpet, rugs, and vinyl flooring. It is home to the Dalton Convention Center, which showcases the Georgia Athletic Coaches' Hall of Fame and hosts a variety of events.
Mount Nimba giant forest shrew
The Mount Nimba giant forest shrew (Crocidura nimbasilvanus) is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is native to West Africa, where it is found in Ivory Coast, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.

It was formerly synonymized with the goliath shrew (C. goliath), but phylogenetic studies have found it to be more closely related to the Nimba shrew (C. nimbae). It is found in the lowland forests of the Upper Guinean forests, with isolated populations in Mount Nimba, the Ziama Massif, the Simandou Range, and Gola Rainforest National Park. Although it is thought to be an uncommon species, it is not considered to be threatened due to a wide range and occurring in several protected areas, although at some localities it may be at risk from habitat destruction due to mining concessions.

Gola Rainforest National Park
The Gola Rainforest National Park (GRNP) protects Sierra Leone's largest tract of rainforest. It covers 71,070 ha in the east of the country. It forms part of the Upper Guinea Forest, a biodiversity hotspot that stretches from Guinea to Togo.
French ship Tourville
Several ships of the French Navy have been named in honour of Anne Hilarion de Tourville. Among them:

French ship Tourville (1788), a  Téméraire-class 74-gun ship of the line (1790-1833)

San Gennaro, a Spanish 86-gun ship of the line ceded to France, bore the name Tourville from 1811 to 1816

French ship Tourville (1853), an 80-gun ship of the line (1853-1872)

Tourville, an unprotected cruiser built in the 1870s

Gironde, a transport renamed Tourville in 1909

An unbuilt Lyon-class battleship (1914)

Tourville, a heavy cruiser  (1928-1962)

Tourville, a F67 type frigate.

Tourville, a Barracuda-class submarine.

Lyon-class battleship
The Lyon class was a set of battleships planned for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) in 1913, with construction scheduled to begin in 1915. The class was to have comprised four ships, named Lyon, Lille, Duquesne, and Tourville. The first two were named for cities in France, and the latter pair honored the French admirals Abraham Duquesne and Anne Hilarion de Tourville. The Lyon class' design was an improvement on the previous Normandie class, utilizing a fourth quadruple-gun turret to mount a total of sixteen 34 cm (13.4 in) guns. Construction on the Lyons was cancelled due to the August 1914 outbreak of World War I, before any of the ships were laid down.
Otto C. Winzen
Otto C. Winzen (1917–1979) was a German-American aeronautics engineer who made significant advances in the materials and construction of high-altitude balloons after World War II.

Winzen emigrated to the United States in 1937 and spent time during the war in internment camps.

He studied aeronautical engineering at the University of Detroit. After World War II, Winzen became involved in high-altitude balloon research, working with Jean Piccard. In 1949 he started his own company with his wife Vera Simons, called Winzen Research, Inc.

He created a number of plastic balloons, in particular of polyethylene, which he sold to the United States Army and Navy including the Skyhook balloon, and the Air Force's Project Manhigh. In 1972 he developed the Winzen Research Balloon, which achieved the record for the highest unmanned balloon flight, setting a record altitude of 51,816 m over Chico, California.

University of Detroit Mercy
The University of Detroit Mercy is a private Catholic university in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is sponsored by both the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and the Sisters of Mercy. The university was founded in 1877 and is the largest Catholic university in Michigan. It has four campuses where it offers more than 100 academic degree programs. In athletics, the university sponsors 17 NCAA Division I sports for men and women. It is a member of the Horizon League.