hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mulled wine
Mulled wine, also known as spiced wine, is an alcoholic drink usually made with red wine, along with various mulling spices and sometimes raisins, served hot or warm. It is a traditional drink during winter, especially around Christmas. It is usually served at Christmas markets in Europe.  There are non-alcoholic versions of it.

Cardamom
Cardamom (/ˈkɑːrdəməm/), sometimes cardamon or cardamum, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genera Elettaria and Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae. Both genera are native to the Indian subcontinent and Indonesia. They are recognized by their small seed pods: triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin, papery outer shell and small, black seeds; Elettaria pods are light green and smaller, while Amomum pods are dark brown and larger.

Species used for cardamom are native throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. The first references to cardamom are found in Sumer, and in Ayurveda. In the 21st century, it is cultivated mainly in India, Indonesia, and Guatemala.
Símun Mikkjal Zachariasen
Simon Michael Zachariasen (3  January 1853 –  16  December 1931), also known as Símun Mikkjal Zachariasen, was a Faroese teacher and social activist.

Zachariasen was born at Kirkja on the island of Fugloy. He was a driving force in the development of written Faroese, and he wrote patriotic poetry and hymns. He became familiar with Hammershaimb's grammar of the language, wrote many articles in the newspaper Føringatíðindi from 1890 onward, and participated in discussions about language and education in the newspapers.

Zachariasen married Malena Frederikka Simonsen from Hattarvík, and their sons were Símun Petur Zachariasen and Louis Zachariasen. Zachariasen initially worked as a seaman, but after a leg injury he studied at and graduated from the Faroese Teachers School in 1878. Zachariasen taught on Fugloy and Svínoy from 1878 to 1903, and taught at Kirkja on Fugloy from 1903 to 1926.

Venceslaus Ulricus Hammershaimb
Venceslaus Ulricus Hammershaimb (Faroese pronunciation: [ˈvɛnsɛslɔus ˈulrikus ˈhamːəʂhaimp], Icelandic: [ˈvɛnsɛslɔis ˈʏltrɪkʏs ˈhamːɛrshaimp]; March 25, 1819 – April 8, 1909) was a Faroese Lutheran minister who established the modern orthography of Faroese – the language of the Faroe Islands – based on the Icelandic language, which like Faroese, derives from western dialects of Old Norse.
Zeitenspiegel
Zeitenspiegel Reportagen is an agency of writers and photographers based in Weinstadt, near Stuttgart, Germany. The agency works for all of the major German magazines such as Stern, Focus, GEO, and Die Zeit, as well as international newspapers and magazines.

In 2008, Zeitenspiegel members received awards, including the Ernst Schneider Award of the German Chamber of Industry and Commerce and a first-place finish in the European Parliament Prize for Journalism. The agency’s signature style is reportage, the process of reporting news.

Focus (German magazine)
Focus (stylized in all caps) is a German-language news magazine published by Hubert Burda Media. Established in 1993 as an alternative to the Der Spiegel weekly news magazine, since 2015 the editorial staff has been headquartered in Germany's capital of Berlin. Alongside Spiegel and Stern, Focus is one of the three most widely circulated German weeklies. The concept originated from Hubert Burda and Helmut Markwort, who went from being editor-in-chief to publisher in 2009 and since 2017 has been listed in the publication's masthead as founding editor-in-chief. As of March 2016 the editor-in-chief of Focus was Robert Schneider.
Puppet History
Puppet History is an American comedy game show YouTube series created by Shane Madej and produced by Madej, Ryan Bergara, and Steven Lim. The show premiered on January 10, 2020, on the Watcher Entertainment YouTube channel.

The show's premise sees a colorful puppet historian known as the Professor presenting a game show about one or two distinctive persons or events from history. The two contestants answer questions, and the Professor gives them points; the contestant with the most points wins the title of "History Wizard" and a hat. Before season six, the contestant with the most points won the title of "History Master" and a small trophy.

The show received an Honoree Award at the 2022 Webby Awards for a Science & Education Channel.

Great Molasses Flood
The Great Molasses Flood, also known as the Boston Molasses Disaster, was a disaster that occurred on Wednesday, January 15, 1919, in the North End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.

A large storage tank filled with 2.3 million U.S. gallons (8,700 cubic meters) of molasses, weighing approximately 13,000 short tons (12,000 metric tons) burst, and the resultant wave of molasses rushed through the streets at an estimated 35 miles per hour (56 kilometers per hour), killing 21 and injuring 150 people. The event entered local folklore and residents reported for decades afterwards that the area still smelled of molasses on hot summer days.
Alfred Hill (bishop)
Christianity portal

Alfred Thomas Hill CMG MBE (2 November 1901 – 27 August 1969) was the fourth Anglican Bishop of Melanesia.

He was consecrated on Trinity Sunday 1954 (13 June), by Reginald Owen, Archbishop of New Zealand and Bishop of Wellington, at All Saints', Honiara. Made a deacon in 1938 and ordained priest in 1939, he had previously been Headmaster of Boys’ School Pawa, Ugi Island (1938–1954). He became a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) and a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE).

Anglican Diocese of Wellington
The Diocese of Wellington is one of the thirteen dioceses and hui amorangi (Māori bishoprics) of the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia.  The diocese covers the area between the bottom of the North Island of New Zealand up to the area of Mount Ruapehu.

The seat of the Bishop of Wellington is at the Wellington Cathedral of St Paul. The current Bishop of Wellington, since 2012, has been Justin Duckworth, joined by newly elected Assistant Bishop Anashuya Fletcher (2024).

There are approximately 60 parishes and mission districts within the diocese of Wellington.
Crisp pork
Crisp pork, surou (Chinese: 酥肉) or xiaosurou is a common street food in China. Typically, it consists of fatty rib meat that is coated in a batter containing eggs and subsequently deep-fried.

In Sichuan, it is very common to have crisp pork with hot pot. In Shanxi, crispy pork is one of the "three Shanxi-style steamed dishes". Fried purple crispy pork from Henan is a local specialty, one of the "Eight Big Bowls" in Xun County and Qi County, Hebi. Crispy pork is one of the "Nine Big Bowls" in Shaanxi. In Minnan and Taiwan, there is also pork tenderloin marinated in vinegar before frying, called "vinegar pork".

Chongqing hot pot
Chongqing hot pot (simplified Chinese: 重庆火锅; traditional Chinese: 重慶火鍋; pinyin: Chóngqìng huǒguō), also known as spicy hot pot or mala hotpot, is usually eaten at restaurants, but otherwise is similar to roadside malatang. Chongqing hot pot is similar to the dry stir-fried mala xiang guo (麻辣香锅) which is also eaten in restaurants.

The traditional way of preparing and eating this style of dish is to put the food in a hot pot, wait for the food to cook, and when the food is ready, dip the pieces in sesame oil and eat them. People choose various kinds of food to prepare in Chongqing hot pot, such as beef, pork, chicken, Chinese sausages, beef strips, pig blood, and duck intestine. It is characterised by its spicy and numbing flavour.
Łubno, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Łubno [ˈwubnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piekoszów, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) west of Piekoszów and 17 km (11 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Kielce County
Kielce County (Polish: powiat kielecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Kielce, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains five towns: Chęciny, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Kielce, Chmielnik, 32 km (20 mi) south of Kielce, Daleszyce, 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Kielce, Bodzentyn, 25 km (16 mi) east of Kielce, Morawica, 13,7 km (8,5 mi) south of Kielce.

The county covers an area of 2,247.45 square kilometres (867.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 206,856, out of which the population of Chęciny is 4,444, that of Chmielnik is 3,681, that of Daleszyce is 2,896, that of Bodzentyn is 2,233, that of Morawica is 1,711, and the rural population is 191,891.
Catherine Otto
Catherine Mary Otto is an American physician, specializing in echocardiography. Otto serves as J. Ward Kennedy-Hamilton Endowed Chair in Cardiology at the University of Washington Medical Center, where she completed her fellowship. As a cardiologist, she has authored multiple echocardiography textbooks. Otto has focused her career in the fields of valvular heart disease, adult congenital heart disease, and echocardiography.

Valvular heart disease
Valvular heart disease is any cardiovascular disease process involving one or more of the four valves of the heart (the aortic and mitral valves on the left side of heart and the pulmonic and tricuspid valves on the right side of heart). These conditions occur largely as a consequence of aging, but may also be the result of congenital (inborn) abnormalities or specific disease or physiologic processes including rheumatic heart disease and pregnancy.

Anatomically, the valves are part of the dense connective tissue of the heart known as the cardiac skeleton and are responsible for the regulation of blood flow through the heart and great vessels. Valve failure or dysfunction can result in diminished heart functionality, though the particular consequences are dependent on the type and severity of valvular disease. Treatment of damaged valves may involve medication alone, but often involves surgical valve repair or valve replacement.
Larry Morey
Lawrence L. Morey (March 26, 1905 – May 8, 1971) was an American lyricist and screenwriter. He co-wrote some of the most successful songs in Disney films of the 1930s and 1940s, including "Heigh-Ho", "Some Day My Prince Will Come", and "Whistle While You Work", and was also responsible for adapting Felix Salten's book Bambi, A Life in the Woods into the 1942 Disney film Bambi.

Felix Salten
Felix Salten (German: [ˈzaltn̩]; 6 September 1869 – 8 October 1945) was an Austrian author and literary critic. His most famous work is Bambi, a Life in the Woods, which was adapted into an animated feature film, Bambi, by Walt Disney Productions in 1942.
Antonio Luque
Antonio Luque López (born Málaga, 15 August 1941) is a Spanish scientist and entrepreneur in the field of photovoltaic solar energy. In 1979 he founded the Institute of Solar Energy of the Technical University of Madrid (IES-UPM) and was its director till his retirement in 2017; he is currently its honorary president as well as professor emeritus in this university. He invented the bifacial solar cell in the late 1970s, today one of the mainstream solar cell technologies, and founded Isofoton in 1981 for its industrial production. He is, arguably, one of the fathers of the science and technology of concentrator photovoltaics and has been active in the research and development of high-efficiency photovoltaic conversion devices, inventing the intermediate band solar cell.

Thermophotovoltaic energy conversion
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion is a direct conversion process from heat to electricity via photons. A basic thermophotovoltaic system consists of a hot object emitting thermal radiation and a photovoltaic cell similar to a solar cell but tuned to the spectrum being emitted from the hot object.

As TPV systems generally work at lower temperatures than solar cells, their efficiencies tend to be low. Offsetting this through the use of multi-junction cells based on non-silicon materials is common, but generally very expensive. This currently limits TPV to niche roles like spacecraft power and waste heat collection from larger systems like steam turbines.
2016 Shanghai Darts Masters
The 2016 Shanghai Darts Masters was the inaugural staging of the tournament by the Professional Darts Corporation, as a third entry in the 2016 World Series of Darts. The tournament featured eight Asian players who facing eight PDC players and was held at the Pullman Hotel Shanghai South in Shanghai, China from 25–26 June 2016.

Michael van Gerwen won the title, defeating James Wade 8–3 in the final.

Professional Darts Corporation
The Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) is a professional darts organisation in the United Kingdom, established in 1992 when a group of leading players split from the British Darts Organisation (BDO) to form what was initially called the World Darts Council (WDC). Sports promoter Eddie Hearn is the PDC chairman.

The PDC developed and holds several competitions, including the annual PDC World Darts Championship, the World Matchplay, World Grand Prix, UK Open, Premier League, and Grand Slam. It also runs its own world rankings based on players' performances.
Electoral district of Hurstville
Hurstville was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, named after and including the Sydney suburb of Hurstville.

It was first established prior to the 1913 state election. It was abolished in 1920, with the introduction of proportional representation and absorbed into St George. It was recreated in 1927 and dissolved in a distribution prior to the 1999 state election. Between 1991 and 1999 it was held by Morris Iemma who went on to become Premier of New South Wales in August 2005.

Premier of New South Wales
The premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster Parliamentary System, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The premier is appointed by the Governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.

Before Federation in 1901, the term "prime minister of New South Wales" was also used. "Premier" has been used more or less exclusively from 1901, to avoid confusion with the federal prime minister of Australia.

The current premier is Chris Minns, the leader of the New South Wales Labor Party, who assumed office on 28 March 2023. Minns defeated Dominic Perrottet at the election held on 25 March 2023, after twelve years of Liberal/National Coalition rule.
Cornufer guppyi
Cornufer guppyi (common name: Shortland Island webbed frog or giant webbed frog) is a species of frog in the family Ceratobatrachidae. The species is named after British surgeon Henry B. Guppy who collected the holotype from the Shortland Islands. It is found in New Britain Island (Papua New Guinea) and in the Solomon Islands archipelago, where it is widespread, though it is missing from Makira island (San Cristobal).

New Britain
New Britain (Tok Pisin: Niu Briten) is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from New Guinea by a northwest corner of the Solomon Sea (or with an island hop of Umboi the Dampier and Vitiaz Straits) and from New Ireland by St. George's Channel. The main towns of New Britain are Rabaul/Kokopo and Kimbe.  The island is roughly the size of Taiwan.

When the island was part of German New Guinea, its name was Neupommern ("New Pomerania").  In common with most of the Bismarcks it was largely formed by volcanic processes, and has active volcanoes including Ulawun (highest volcano nationally), Langila, the Garbuna Group, the Sulu Range, and the volcanoes Tavurvur and Vulcan of the Rabaul caldera. A major eruption of Tavurvur in 1994 destroyed the East New Britain provincial capital of Rabaul. Most of the town still lies under metres of ash, and the capital has been moved to nearby Kokopo.
W.J. White House
The W.J. White House is a historic house at 1412 West Main Street in Russellville, Arkansas.  It is a 2+1⁄2-story brick structure, covered by a pressed tin roof that resembles tile.  A single-story porch curves gracefully across the front and around to both sides, supported by clustered round columns, with spindlework valances between them, and a stone balustrade below.  Built in 1908, it is a distinctive and eclectic blend of Queen Anne and Craftsman styling.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Russellville, Arkansas
Russellville is the county seat of and the largest city in Pope County, Arkansas, United States, with a 2025 estimated population of 30,971. It is home to Arkansas Tech University. Arkansas Nuclear One, Arkansas' only nuclear power plant, is nearby. Russellville borders Lake Dardanelle and the Arkansas River..

It is the principal city of the Russellville micropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Pope and Yell Counties. Under Arkansas Code Title 14, Russellville is a city of the first class.
Rakov (Přerov District)
Rakov is a municipality and village in Přerov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Rakov lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) east of Přerov, 36 km (22 mi) east of Olomouc, and 246 km (153 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc Region
Olomouc Region (Czech: Olomoucký kraj; German: Olmützer Region, pronounced [ˈɔlmʏt͡sɐ ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Polish: Kraj ołomuniecki) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (Morava) and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (České Slezsko). It is named for its capital Olomouc.

Olomouc region borders with the Moravian-Silesian Region (in the east), Zlín Region (in the south-east), South Moravian Region (in the south-west) and Pardubice Region (in the west). Furthermore, the region shares a 104 km long border with Poland (in the north).
Shaoyang
Shaoyang (simplified Chinese: 邵阳; traditional Chinese: 邵陽; pinyin: Shàoyáng), formerly named Baoqing (Paoking) (Chinese: 宝庆), is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Hunan province, China, bordering Guangxi to the south. It has a history of 2500 years and remains an important commercial and transportation city in Hunan. As of the 2020 Chinese census, its total population was 6,563,520 inhabitants, of whom 1,415,173 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of three urban districts and Xinshao County largely conurbated.

One of the major forest areas in Hunan, Shaoyang has a forest coverage of 42.7%. The 23,000,000-acre (93,000 km2) NanShan Pastures is one of the biggest in South Central China and provide dairy products and meat for Hunanese.

Shaoyang is home to Shaoyang University. The school is composed of the former Shaoyang Normal College and Shaoyang College.

The Shaoyang dialect of Lou Shao group of dialects of Xiang is generally spoken here.

South Central China
South Central China, South-Central China or Central-South China (Chinese: 中南; pinyin: Zhōngnán; lit. 'Central-South'), is a region of the People's Republic of China. It consists of eight provincial administrative regions, namely Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan.

South Central China sometimes is further classified into regions of South China (华南) and Central China (华中).
Christmas Battles
The Christmas Battles (Latvian: Ziemassvētku kaujas; German: Aa-Schlachten; Russian: Митавская операция) were offensive operations conducted by the Imperial Russian Army and Latvian Riflemen during World War I in the area of Jelgava, Latvia, by the Russian 12th Army of the Northern Front. The operation took place from 23 December until 29 December 1916 according to the Julian Calendar (or 5 January to 11 January according to the Gregorian Calendar). The 12th Army was commanded by Gen. Radko Dimitriev; it was opposed by the German 8th Army.

The battles took place in a swampy region, Tīreļpurvs (Tīrelis bog), between Lake Babīte and Jelgava. The main assault force was the 6th Siberian Rifle Corps which included two Latvian Riflemen brigades ("strēlnieki" who became a part of Latvian folklore and an important factor in the Latvian national awakening movement).

Jelgava
Jelgava (pronounced [ˈjælˠɡɐvˠɐ] ⓘ) is a state city in central Latvia. It is located about 41 kilometres (25 miles) southwest of Riga. It is the largest town in the Semigallia region of Latvia. Jelgava was the capital of the united Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1578–1795) and was the administrative center of the Courland Governorate (1795–1918).

Jelgava is situated on a fertile plain rising only 3.5 metres (11.5 feet) above mean sea level on the right bank of the river Lielupe. At high water, the plain and sometimes the town as well can be flooded. It is a railway center, and is also a host to the Jelgava Air Base. Its importance as a railway centre can be seen by the fact that it lies at the junction of over 6 railway lines connecting Riga to Lithuania, eastern and western Latvia, and Lithuania to the Baltic Sea.
Early Winters Ranger Station Work Center
The Early Winters Ranger Station Work Center in the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest near Winthrop, Washington was built in 1936 by the Civilian Conservation Corps.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986 for its architecture.  It was designed by the Northwest Region 6 group of architects of the United States Forest Service, the USDA Forest Svce. Architecture Group.  The listing included nine contributing buildings over a 9.9-acre (4.0 ha) area, reflecting Rustic architecture.  Building functions included as single dwelling, secondary structure, government office, and warehouse.

Winthrop, Washington
Winthrop is a town in Okanogan County, Washington, United States. It is located on the North Cascades Highway, east of Mazama and north of Twisp. The town's population was 504 at the 2020 census. Winthrop lies at the confluence of the Methow and Chewuch rivers near the eastern foothills of the Cascade Mountains.

The town was founded in 1890 after the Methow Valley, the homeland of the indigenous Methow people, was opened to white settlement. Winthrop was named for author and explorer Theodore Winthrop, who visited Washington Territory in the 1860s. The town was incorporated in 1924 and continues to operate under a mayor–council government.

Winthrop adopted an Old West theme for its downtown architecture in 1971 to prepare for the opening of the North Cascades Highway. The town is a regional tourist attraction and is also a base for outdoor recreation.
William A. Schmidt
William A. Schmidt (May 21, 1902 – June 19, 1992) was an American welder and shop foreman who served two terms as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin State Senate from the Sixth District (the 2nd, 7th, 10th, 20th & 25th Wards of the City of Milwaukee, Wisconsin).

Shop foreman
A shop foreman or plant foreman is a front-line supervisor in a skilled trades, manufacturing or production operation: a person who plans, organizes and controls the operations of the shop or plant; supervises, trains and develops staff; provides advice to management and staff; and performs other duties.

The foreman will normally be experienced in the operations performed by the workers under supervision, and foremen are usually promoted from the rank and file to perform this job; but the foreman is technically part of management.