hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Jaccard
Paul Jaccard (18 November 1868 in Sainte-Croix – 9 May 1944 in Zurich) was a professor of botany and plant physiology at the ETH Zurich. He studied at the University of Lausanne and ETH Zurich (PhD 1894). He continued studies in Paris with Gaston Bonnier.
He developed the Jaccard index of similarity (he called it coefficient de communauté) and published it in 1901.
He also introduced the use of the species-to-genus ratio (he called it generic coefficient) in biogeography. In the 1920s, Paul Jaccard engaged in a dispute with the Finnish botanist and phytogeographer Alvar Palmgren over the interpretation of species-to-genus ratio, as evidence of competitive exclusion (as held by Jaccard) or attributable to random sampling (as held by Palmgren).

Phytogeography
Phytogeography (from Greek  φυτόν, phytón 'plant' and  γεωγραφία, geographía 'geography' meaning also distribution) or botanical geography is the branch of biogeography that is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species and their influence on the earth's surface. Phytogeography is concerned with all aspects of plant distribution, from the controls on the distribution of individual species ranges (at both large and small scales, see species distribution) to the factors that govern the composition of entire communities and floras. Geobotany, by contrast, focuses on the geographic space's influence on plants.
Schulberg
Schulberg (meaning "synagogue mountain") is a surname. Notable persons with that surname include:

B. P. Schulberg (1892–1957), American film producer and film studio executive

Budd Schulberg (1914–2009), American screenwriter and novelist

Jay Schulberg (1939–2005), American advertising executive

Jay Schulberg
Jay William Schulberg (July 17, 1939 – January 12, 2005) was an American advertising executive who had chief creative positions at both Ogilvy & Mather and Bozell Worldwide, with an approach to developing concise ads with memorable taglines. He was responsible for creating many notable advertising campaigns including the Got Milk? milk mustache campaign, the "Excedrin Headache" that could only be cured by the "extra-strength pain reliever", and the American Express" Don't Leave Home Without It" campaign with Karl Malden as spokesman.
Walter Vetrivel
Walter Vetrivel is a 1993 Indian Tamil-language action film written and directed by P. Vasu. The film stars Sathyaraj, Sukanya and Ranjitha, with Vijayakumar, Goundamani, Nassar, Gandhimathi, Mohan Raj and Raj Chander in supporting roles. It revolves around a disciplined police officer who turns against his brother who has turned to crime.

Walter Vetrivel was released on 14 January 1993 and became a blockbuster commercial success, with a 200-day run in theatres. The film was later remade in Telugu as S. P. Parasuram, in Hindi as Khuddar, and in Kannada as Dalavayi.

Goundamani
Subramaniyan Karuppaiya (born 25 May 1939), known by his stage name Goundamani, is an Indian actor and comedian who works in Tamil cinema. He is known for his comic duo partnership in Tamil films with fellow actor Senthil. The pair dominated the Tamil industry as comedians in the 1980s and 90s.

He was called Goundamani as a misconception by actor/director K. Bhagyaraj which he himself stated in an interview and the pseudonym stuck with him forever. He has the ability to give counter dialogues on the spot and off the script on stage and during shooting. He was at his peak of his career as a comedian in Tamil cinema for nearly 40 years. Despite his popularity, Goundamani is known for being a social recluse.
Pulpit Rocks
Pulpit Rocks is a geological formation adjacent to Pike Road, or Alexandria Pike Road, Old U.S. Route 22, northwest of Huntingdon in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania.  These weathered rock formations were instrumental in the determination of the stratigraphy of the Appalachian Mountains in the mid-19th century by the Pennsylvania Geological Survey.  This work was influential in opening up new fields of geological research.

The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1993.  It is partially owned by Juniata College, whose geology department uses the site for educational purposes.  A plaque marks its location.

Juniata College
Juniata College (/ˌdʒuːniˈætə/) is a private liberal arts college in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1876 as a co-educational normal school, it was the first college started by members of the Church of the Brethren. It was originally founded as a center for vocational learning for those who could not afford formal education.
Shah Muhammad Rais
Shah Muhammad Rais (born April 4, 1954) from Afghanistan is the real life Bookseller of Kabul as written of in Åsne Seierstad’s book from 2002.

During a trip to Scandinavia in November 2005, he declared his wife and children were seeking asylum in either Norway or Sweden, as  political refugees. Things revealed about him in Seierstad's book had made his family's life unsafe in Afghanistan, especially after the book has been published as bootlegs in Persian.

He has published his own version of the story, Once upon a time there was a bookseller in Kabul.

Right of asylum
The right of asylum, sometimes called right of political asylum (asylum from Ancient Greek  ἄσυλον (ásulon) 'sanctuary'), is a juridical concept, under which people persecuted by their own rulers might be protected by another sovereign authority, such as a second country or another entity which in medieval times could offer sanctuary. This right was recognized by the Ancient Egyptians, the Greeks, and the Hebrews, from whom it was adopted into Western tradition. René Descartes fled to the Netherlands, Voltaire to England, and Thomas Hobbes to France, because each state offered protection to persecuted foreigners. Contemporary right of asylum is founded on the non-binding Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Peter Schubart von Ehrenberg
Peter Schubart von Ehrenberg (born 1668) was a painter and stage designer active in Vienna in the early eighteenth century, and the son of the perspective painter Wilhelm Schubert van Ehrenberg. His known works are ephemeral decorations for courtly celebrations, such as the temporary triumphal arches celebrating the ages of kings and emperors from Charlemagne to  Charles VI of Austria (1701–2), and designs for engravings. In 1711 he designed a castrum doloris that was erected in St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna for the funeral of Emperor Joseph I.

Castrum doloris
A castrum doloris (Latin for castle of grief) was a structure and set of decorations which sheltered and accompanied the catafalque or bier in a funeral. It signified the prestige and power of the deceased, and was common in Poland-Lithuania and other parts of Europe.

Initially a simple wooden structure with a fabric baldachin, it gradually transformed in the 17th century and 18th century to a more elaborate form. Sometimes it would be supplemented by candles, coats of arms, epitaphs and allegorical pictures, in which case it was also called a chapelle ardente. Sigismund II Augustus was one of the first Polish rulers to have a castrum doloris in the 1570s.
Leather cannon
The leather cannon, or leather gun, was an experimental weapon, first used in northern Europe in the 1620s. The aim was to construct a light and cheap weapon that would bridge the gap between the hand-held musket and the heavy stationary cannon. The varnished leather from which the gun got its name acted merely as the outer protective surface of the piece.

The first working examples were built by Swiss and Austrian engineers. The first attempts to use them in combat were made by Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, during the Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629), but were largely unsuccessful. They were used extensively during the English Civil Wars in the 1640s and 1650s, especially in Scotland.

Varnish
Varnish is a clear transparent hard protective coating or film. It is not to be confused with wood stain. It usually has a yellowish shade due to the manufacturing process and materials used, but it may also be pigmented as desired. It is sold commercially in various shades.

Varnish is primarily used as a wood finish where, stained or not, the distinctive tones and grains in the wood are intended to be visible. Varnish finishes are naturally glossy, but satin/semi-gloss and flat sheens are available.
Augustus Glossop Harris
Augustus Frederick Glossop Harris (5 June 1825 – 19 April 1873) was a British actor, writer, and theatre manager.

Born in Portici, Naples, Italy, on 5 June 1825, he was the son of Joseph Glossop, first manager of the Royal Coburg Theatre (now known as the Victoria Theatre or the Old Vic), and opera singer Mme Féron (aka Fearon), a former prima donna assoluta at La Scala in Milan.

Portici
Portici (Italian: [ˈpɔrtitʃi]; Neapolitan: Puortece [ˈpwortə(t)ʃə]) is a town and municipality (comune) of the Metropolitan City of Naples in the region of Campania in Italy. It has 51,351 inhabitants.
Kira Kira/Akari
Kira Kira/Akari is the 47th single by the Japanese pop group Every Little Thing released on November 4, 2015. It was released on two editions: a CD Edition and a CD+DVD Edition. Kira Kira is used as the theme song for the first part of the Toei Animation film "Go! Princess PreCure The Movie: Go! Go!! Splendid Triple Feature!!!" while Akari is used for the Hoshizaki Electric commercials.

Every Little Thing (band)
Every Little Thing (also known as ELT by their fans) is a pop/soft rock duo from 
Japan who debuted in August 1996 with the release of their first single called "Feel My Heart". Their name is usually written in English, and only rarely in katakana.  They gained massive popularity in the late 1990s and early 2000s. As of 2013, Every Little Thing has sold over 23 million copies of singles and albums throughout Japan. Their second studio album, Time to Destination, is the best-selling album of the band with over 3.5 million copies sold, and became the 10th best-selling album of all time in Japan.

Every Little Thing was originally a trio but became a duo in 2000 with Kaori Mochida as the singer and Ichiro Ito as the guitarist. Mitsuru Igarashi, former composer for the band, left ELT following the release of their third original album, Eternity.
1992–93 2. Bundesliga
The 1992–93 2. Bundesliga season was the nineteenth season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of the German football league system. It was the only season the league consisted of twenty four clubs in a single division, caused by the ongoing integration of clubs from the former East Germany.

SC Freiburg, MSV Duisburg and VfB Leipzig were promoted to the Bundesliga while SpVgg Unterhaching, Eintracht Braunschweig, VfL Osnabrück, Fortuna Düsseldorf, VfB Oldenburg, SV Darmstadt 98 and FC Remscheid were relegated to the Oberliga.

Oberliga (football)
The Oberliga (German: [ˈoːbɐˌliːɡa], "Upper League"; plural: Oberligen) is the fifth tier of the German football league system. Before the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008, it was the fourth tier.  At the end of the 2011–12 season, the number of Oberligas was increased from eleven to fourteen.

With the exception of the Nazi-era Gauliga, the term Oberliga (equivalent to Premier League in English) was used prior to the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963 for first-division leagues in West Germany. Between 1978–94 the term Amateuroberliga was used for third-tier leagues, which were then the highest level of amateur play in the country. The current usage of the designation Oberliga was introduced in 1994. In East Germany a separate league structure was in place from 1948–1990 and the top flight division there was known as the DDR-Oberliga.
Chris Melling (pool player)
Christopher Melling (born 27 January 1979) is an English professional pool and snooker player from Keighley, Bradford, West Yorkshire. He is a former world number 1 at World Rules British Eight-Ball. He won the WEPF World Eightball Championship twice, in 2001 and 2003. He was ranked #1 in 2003 by the World Eightball Pool Federation. Melling has also twice won the International Pool Masters (2001 and 2002) and the European Professional title (2002). He was the first player to win two International Tour events back to back.

IEPF World Eightball Championship
The IEPF World Eightball Pool Championship is a pool world championship organised by the International Eightball Pool Federation (formerly called the World Eightball Pool Federation) for the the British-originating version of eightball pool. The competition has taken place annually since 1993.

The most successful player in the men's singles is the English player Mick Hill, who won the World Champion title six times and has been runner-up twice. His compatriot Gareth Potts has been World Champion three times and runner-up once.

In the Ladies competition, Scotland's Sue Thompson is the most successful player with eleven titles. Linda Leadbitter from England has won four times, while Emma Cunningham from Northern Ireland and Amy Beauchamp from England have both won the event on three occasions.
Eve Johnstone
Eve Cordelia Johnstone (born 1 September 1944) is a Scottish physician, clinical researcher, psychiatrist and academic. Her main research area is in the field of schizophrenia and psychotic illness. She is emeritus Professor of Psychiatry and Honorary Assistant Principal for Mental Health Research Development and Public Understanding of Medicine at the University of Edinburgh. She is best known for her 1976 groundbreaking study that showed brain abnormalities in schizophrenic patients compared to a control group.

Academy
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek: Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded c. 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom and skill, north of Athens, Greece. The Royal Spanish Academy defines an academy as a scientific, literary or artistic society established with public authority and as a teaching establishment, public or private, of a professional, artistic, technical or simply practical nature.
Golden Hill (novel)
Golden Hill is a 2016 novel by the English writer Francis Spufford. It won the Costa Book Award for a first novel, and the Ondaatje Prize. As explained in its acknowledgements, it is heavily influenced by The Adventures of David Simple by Sarah Fielding and Joseph Andrews by her brother Henry Fielding.

The novel follows a mysterious British traveller named Mr Smith who arrives in New York City in 1746 and upends the lives of the merchant and political classes.

Joseph Andrews
The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and of his Friend Mr. Abraham Adams, was the first full-length novel by the English author Henry Fielding to be published and among the early novels in the English language. Appearing in 1742 and defined by Fielding as a "comic epic poem in prose", it tells of a good-natured footman's adventures on the road home from London with his friend and mentor, the absent-minded parson Abraham Adams.
Jimmy Paredes
Jimmy Santiago Paredes Terrero (born November 25, 1988), is a Dominican professional baseball utility player who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Houston Astros, Kansas City Royals, Baltimore Orioles, Toronto Blue Jays, and Philadelphia Phillies, in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Chiba Lotte Marines, and in the KBO League for the Doosan Bears.

KBO League
The KBO League (Korean: KBO 리그) is a professional baseball league in South Korea. The league comprises ten teams. The KBO League was founded with six franchises in 1982 and is the most popular sports league in South Korea. The Kia Tigers are the most successful team, having won 12 of the 44 championships.

In comparison with American Major League Baseball, ESPN reports that the KBO level of play "appears to be somewhere between Double-A and Triple-A, on average, though the best players are more likely to be MLB-quality than your typical Double-A league." Historically, the KBO is known for its vocal and exuberant fan base, as well as the widespread practice of bat flips (ppa-dun (Korean: 빠던), a portmanteau of the "first syllables of the words for 'bat' and 'throw'") by hitters after striking what they think will be a home run. In the KBO, the bat flipping tradition dates to the 1990s.
1912–13 American Cup
The 1912–13 American Cup was the annual challenge cup held by the American Football Association. This marked the twelfth time a New Jersey team won the tournament and the third time for this year's winner the Paterson True Blues. It took three matches for them to overcome their final opponents Tacony of Philadelphia aka the 'Tacks'. Another notable encounter between New Jersey teams was a four game duel between Newark Caledonians and the Paterson Rangers in the second round. They battled to 0-0, 2-2, and 1-1 draws before the Caledonians surpassed the Rangers 1-0 in the fourth game.

American Football Association (1884–1924)
The American Football Association (AFA) was the first attempt in the United States to form an organizing soccer body.

It was the second oldest sports league to form, behind the National League of baseball in 1876, as well as being the oldest soccer organization in the United States.
Burliuk
Burliuk (Ukrainian: Бурлюк) is a surname of Ukrainian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

David Burliuk (1882–1967), Ukrainian painter

Nikolai Burliuk (1890–1920), Ukrainian poet, linguist, and artist

Wladimir Burliuk (1886–1917), Ukrainian painter

David Burliuk
David Davidovich Burliuk (Russian: Дави́д Дави́дович Бурлю́к; 21 July 1882 – 15 January 1967) was a Russian poet, artist and publicist of Ukrainian origin associated with the Futurist and Neo-Primitivist movements. Burliuk has been described as "the father of Russian Futurism."
Aathal railway station
Aathal is a railway station in the municipality of Seegräben in the Swiss canton of Zurich. It is located on the Wallisellen to Rapperswil via Uster line, within fare zone 132 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV).

The station is close to the Aathal Dinosaur Museum and a 15 minute walk from Jucker Farm in Seegräben.

Canton of Zurich
The canton of Zurich is an administrative unit (canton) of Switzerland, situated in the northeastern part of the country. With a population of 1,553,423 (as of 31 December 2020), it is the most populous canton of Switzerland. Zurich is the de facto capital of the canton, but is not specifically mentioned in the constitution. The official language is German. The local Swiss German dialect, called Züritüütsch, is commonly spoken.

The canton has the highest Human Development Index score (0.993) out of 1,790 subnational regions as of 2022. It is also a global financial center and has the fourth-highest GRP in Switzerland behind Basel-Stadt, Zug and Geneva by GDP per capita.
Samineni Udayabhanu
Samineni Udayabhanu (born 2 August 1955) is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He was a three-time MLA from Jaggayyapeta Assembly constituency in Krishna district. He represented the Indian National Congress twice and the YSR Congress Party once. But he lost the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election.

Krishna district
Krishna district is a district in the Coastal Andhra region in Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, with Machilipatnam as its administrative headquarters. It is surrounded on the East by Bay of Bengal, West by Guntur, Bapatla and North by Eluru and NTR districts and South again by Bay of Bengal.
Anthony Carritt
Anthony Carritt (1914–1937) was a British left-wing activist and a member of the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War. He and his brother Noel Carritt were ambulance drivers at the Battle of Brunete, and the two brothers fought against Spanish fascists backed by both Hitler and Mussolini. Anthony Carritt was assumed to have been killed in an airstrike after he went missing during the Battle of Brunete and was never found despite his brother spending days searching for him.

He was also notable for being a member of the famous Oxford-based Carritt family of left-wing academics and revolutionaries, including the spy Michael Carritt. He is also believed to have been the biological son of famous British evolutionary biologist Arthur Dukinfield Darbishire, despite being raised as a brother of the Carritt family.

Michael Carritt
Michael John Carritt (3 January 1906 – 1990) was a British communist revolutionary, spy, university lecturer, and a supporter of Indian independence. After graduating from Oxford University, Carritt joined the British Empire's Indian Civil Service. While working for the Civil Service, Carritt became a communist after witnessing the brutality of the British colonial occupation of India. Carritt became a double-agent for the Communist Party of India (CPI), secretly supplying them with information to help them resist British colonialism. After returning from India, he helped the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) develop their policies concerning Indian independence. Over the course of his career he worked as an educator for the Workers Education Association in Brighton, Oxford University, and the University of Sussex.
Jay Artigues
Jay Artigues (born December 13, 1968) is the current director of athletics for Southeastern Louisiana University. He previously served as head baseball coach at Southeastern Louisiana from 2006 to 2013, prior to his appointment as athletic director. During his eight years as coach of the Lions, he compiled an overall record of 276–188.

Southeastern Louisiana University
Southeastern Louisiana University (Southeastern) is a public university in Hammond, Louisiana. It was founded in 1925 by Linus A. Sims as Hammond Junior College. Sims succeeded in getting the campus moved to north Hammond in 1928, when it became known as Southeastern Louisiana College. It achieved university status in 1970.

In the fall of 2019 there were 14,298 students enrolled. During the 1990s, Southeastern was one of the fastest-growing colleges in the United States. The university is the third largest in Louisiana, trailing only LSU and the University of Louisiana at Lafayette.

Southeastern's colors are green and gold, and the mascot is a lion named Roomie. Southeastern's sports teams participate in NCAA Division I (FCS for football) in the Southland Conference.
Sint Maarten national baseball team
The Sint Maarten national baseball team is the national baseball team of Sint Maarten. The team made its international debut at the 2024 Caribbean Baseball Cup, finishing in fourth place with a 2–3 record.

Sint Maarten was formerly represented as part of the Netherlands Antilles, and its players are eligible for the Netherlands national team.

Carlos van Heyningen was a former Sint Maartener baseball player who played with Quick Amersfoort in the Honkbal Hoofdklasse as well as the Dutch national team (as well as managing the Dutch Antilles team).

Quick Amersfoort
Quick Amersfoort or BSC Quick is a baseball and softball club based in Amersfoort, the Netherlands.  Quick Amersfoort was established in 1961 by a group of football players looking for something to play in the summer months. The club has participated in the Honkbal Hoofdklasse since 2018. Quick Amersfoort currently numbers over 250 members and fields six youth baseball teams, three youth softball teams, three adult baseball teams, four adult men's softball teams, three adult women's softball teams, and one slow pitch team. The team plays its home games at XL Lease Park Dorrestein.