hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cloud iridescence
Cloud iridescence or irisation is a colourful optical phenomenon that occurs in a cloud and appears in the general proximity of the Sun or Moon. The colours resemble those seen in soap bubbles and oil on a water surface. It is a type of photometeor. This fairly common phenomenon is most often observed in altocumulus, cirrocumulus, lenticular, and cirrus clouds. They sometimes appear as bands parallel to the edge of the clouds. Iridescence is also seen in the much rarer polar stratospheric clouds, also called nacreous clouds.

The colours are usually pastel, but can be very vivid or mingled together, sometimes similar to mother-of-pearl. When appearing near the Sun, the effect can be difficult to spot as it is drowned in the Sun's glare. This may be overcome by shielding the sunlight with one's hand or hiding it behind a tree or building. Other aids are dark glasses, or observing the sky reflected in a convex mirror or in a pool of water.

Curved mirror
A curved mirror is a mirror with a curved reflecting surface. The surface may be either convex (bulging outward) or concave (recessed inward). Most curved mirrors have surfaces that are shaped like part of a sphere, but other shapes are sometimes used in optical devices. The most common non-spherical type are parabolic reflectors, found in optical devices such as reflecting telescopes that need to image distant objects, since spherical mirror systems, like spherical lenses, suffer from spherical aberration. Distorting mirrors are used for entertainment. They have convex and concave regions that produce deliberately distorted images. They also provide highly magnified or highly diminished (smaller) images when the object is placed at certain distances. Convex mirrors are often used for security and safety in shops and parking lots.
Ian Wilson (actor)
Ian Macrae Hamish Wilson (2 July 1901 – December 1987) was an English small role actor who appeared in over 145 films during his career. Most were small uncredited roles often playing meek public servants, professional men or busy bodies. Film appearances included The Plank 1967, The Day of the Triffids 1962, Carry On Jack 1963, Two-Way Stretch 1960, Hell Drivers 1957, The Ugly Duckling 1959 and Rotten to the Core 1965. His first film appearance was in the silent A Master of Craft in 1922, and his last was in The Wicker Man in 1973. Several of his films were made by the Boulting brothers, who considered him a "good luck charm."
Wilson died in December 1987 in Devon.

Hell Drivers
Hell Drivers is a 1957 British film noir crime drama film directed by Cy Endfield and starring Stanley Baker, Herbert Lom, Peggy Cummins and Patrick McGoohan. It was written by Endfield and John Kruse, and produced by the Rank Organisation and Aqua Film Productions. A recently released convict takes a driver's job at a haulage company and encounters violence and corruption.
Floyd County
Floyd County is the name of six counties in the United States:

Floyd County, Georgia, the most populous county with this name

Floyd County, Indiana, the first county founded with this name and a suburban district of the Louisville metropolitan area

Floyd County, Iowa

Floyd County, Kentucky

Floyd County, Texas

Floyd County, Virginia

Floyd County, Kentucky
Floyd County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,942. Its county seat is Prestonsburg. The county, founded in 1800, is named for Colonel John Floyd (1750–1783).
De Ouderkerkermolen, Aldtsjerk
De Oudkerkermolen,  or Oudkerkemolen (English: Old Church Mill) is a smock mill in Aldtsjerk, Friesland, Netherlands which has been restored to working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 35674.

Rijksmonument
A rijksmonument (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛiksmoːnyˌmɛnt] ⓘ, lit. 'state monument') is a national heritage site of the Netherlands, listed by the agency Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed (RCE) acting for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.

At the end of February 2015, the Netherlands had 61,822 listed national heritage sites, of which approximately 1,500 are listed as archaeological sites.
Sporting Club Jacksonville (women)
Sporting Club Jacksonville, colloquially referred to as Sporting JAX, is a professional soccer club based in Jacksonville, Florida that competes in the USL Super League (USLS). Founded in 2023, the club began playing in 2025.

Mark Warburton
Mark Warburton (born 6 September 1962) is an English professional football manager and former player who is currently the Sporting Director and Head of Soccer for Sporting JAX of the United Soccer League.

As a player, Warburton was a right back at non-League level with Enfield and Boreham Wood. He began his coaching career in the academy at Watford, before moving to Brentford in February 2011, serving as a coach and sporting director until being appointed manager in December 2013. He led the club from League One to promotion to the Championship in the 2013–14 season and finished the following season with the club's best second-tier placing for 80 years. He managed Rangers in Scotland from 2015 to 2017, winning the Scottish Championship title and the Scottish Challenge Cup in his first season. He joined Nottingham Forest in March 2017, but was dismissed after nine months.
Rebecca Riots
The Rebecca Riots (Welsh: Terfysgoedd Beca) took place between 1839 and 1843 in West and Mid Wales. They were a series of protests undertaken by local farmers and agricultural workers in response to levels of taxation. The rioters, often men dressed as women, took their actions against toll-gates, as they were tangible representations of taxes and tolls. The rioters went by the name of Merched Beca which translates directly from Welsh as 'Rebecca's Daughters'. The riots ceased prior to 1844 due to several factors, including increased troop levels, a desire by the protestors to avoid violence, and the appearance of criminal groups using the guise of the biblical character Rebecca for their own purposes. In 1844 an act of Parliament to consolidate and amend the laws relating to turnpike trusts in Wales was passed.

Mid Wales
Mid Wales (Welsh: Canolbarth Cymru or simply Y Canolbarth, meaning "the midlands"), or Central Wales, is a region of Wales, encompassing its midlands, in-between North Wales and South Wales. The Mid Wales Regional Committee of the Senedd covered the unitary authority areas of Ceredigion and Powys and the area of Gwynedd that had previously been the district of Meirionnydd. A similar definition is used by the BBC. The Wales Spatial Plan defines a region known as "Central Wales" which covers Ceredigion and Powys.

Mid Wales is dominated by the Cambrian Mountains, including the Green Desert of Wales. The region is sparsely populated, with an economy dependent on farming and small businesses.
Mount Eissinger
Mount Eissinger (70°2′S 67°44′W﻿ / ﻿70.033°S 67.733°W﻿ / -70.033; -67.733) is a large ridge-like mountain at the north side of Riley Glacier on the west side of Palmer Land. The feature has a snow-topped upper surface, bare rock cliffs along the north side, and an impressive rectangular rock buttress rising in an unbroken, near-vertical sweep from the glacier to 500 metres (1,600 ft) at the west end. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in 1974, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Karlheinz Eissinger, a USGS topographic engineer with the Ellsworth Land Survey party, 1968–69.

Riley Glacier
Riley Glacier is a heavily crevassed glacier, 14 nautical miles (26 km) long and 17 nautical miles (31 km) wide, flowing westward from the west side of Palmer Land into George VI Sound between the Traverse Mountains and Mount Dixey. First sighted and surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill. Resurveyed in 1949 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and named for Quintin T.P.M. Riley, assistant meteorologist of the BGLE, 1934–37. The glacier sits at 70° 06' 00.0" S latitude and 67° 55' 00.0" W longitude.
Serial murders in Essonne
The serial murders in Essonne were a series of four murders that occurred from November 2011 to April 2012 in an area of ten square kilometers in the north-east of the department of Essonne, France. The main suspect, Yoni Palmier, was charged on April 16, 2012.

Essonne
Essonne (French pronunciation: [ɛsɔn] ⓘ) is a department in the southern suburb part of the Île-de-France region. It is named after the river Essonne. In 2019, it had a population of 1,301,659, across 194 communes.

Essonne was formed on 1 January 1968, when Seine-et-Oise was split into smaller departments. Its prefecture is Évry-Courcouronnes. Its INSEE and postcode number is 91.
Chrysocolla
Chrysocolla (/ˌkrɪsəˈkɒlə/ KRIS-ə-KOL-ə) is a hydrous copper phyllosilicate mineral and mineraloid with the formula Cu2 – xAlx(H2Si2O5)(OH)4⋅nH2O (x < 1) or (Cu, Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4⋅nH2O).

The structure of the mineral has been questioned, as a 2006 spectrographic study suggest material identified as chrysocolla may be a mixture of the copper hydroxide spertiniite and chalcedony.

Chrysocolla typically forms amorphously.

Hydrate
In chemistry, a hydrate is a substance that contains water or its constituent elements. The chemical state of the water varies widely between different classes of hydrates, some of which were so labeled before their chemical structure was understood.
Hemaris syra
Hemaris syra, the broad-bordered bee hawkmoth, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Franz Daniel in 1939. It is known from southern and eastern Turkey, the western Zagros Mountains and northern Alborz Mountains of Iran, the Kopet Dag mountains of Turkmenistan, western Jordan, and northern Israel.

The wingspan is 35–48 mm. It is a diurnal species. Adults are on wing from mid-May to mid-June, with a partial to full second generation in August.

The larvae probably feed on Lonicera species.

Zagros Mountains
The Zagros Mountains are a mountain range in West Asia spanning Iran, northern Iraq, and southeastern Turkey. The mountain range has a total length of 1,600 km (990 miles). The Zagros range begins in northwestern Iran and roughly follows Iran's western border while covering much of southeastern Turkey and northeastern Iraq. From this border region, the range continues southeast to the waters of the Persian Gulf. It spans the southern parts of the Armenian highlands, and the whole length of the western and southwestern Iranian plateau, ending at the Strait of Hormuz. The highest point is Mount Dena, at 4,409 metres (14,465 ft).
Rhymney Railway R class
The Rhymney R class was a class of 0-6-2T steam locomotive introduced into traffic in 1907 designed by the railway's engineer Hurry Riches. These were  substantial sized tank locomotives, and weighed 67 long tons (75 short tons; 68 t) (62 long tons or 69 short tons or 63 t after rebuilding) and were 37 feet (11.28 m) in length.

Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive is a steam locomotive which carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of a more traditional tender. Most tank engines also have bunkers (or fuel tanks) to hold fuel; in a tender-tank locomotive a tender holds some or all of the fuel, and may hold some water also.

There are several different types of tank locomotive, distinguished by the position and style of the water tanks and fuel bunkers. The most common type has tanks mounted either side of the boiler. This type originated about 1840 and quickly became popular for industrial tasks, and later for shunting and shorter-distance main line duties.

Tank locomotives have advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional locomotives that required a separate tender to carry needed water and fuel.
Spring Bayou Wildlife Management Area
Spring Bayou Wildlife Management Area, also referred to as Spring Bayou WMA or Spring Bayou State Wildlife Management Area, is a 12,506 acres (5,061 ha) protected area in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana.

The WMA is part of the more than 13,000 acres (5,300 ha) Spring Bayou Complex. Over the years the waterways have become silted in and overrun with invasive water plants. Ultimately a restoration project was implemented that involved the city of Marksville, concerned citizens, the Louisiana Legislature, the United States Army Corps of Engineers, Spring Bayou, as part of the Atchafalaya National Heritage Area runs through the WMA.

Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana
Avoyelles (French: Paroisse des Avoyelles) is a parish located in central eastern Louisiana on the 
Red River where it effectively becomes the Atchafalaya River and meets the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,693. The parish seat is Marksville. The parish was created in 1807, with the name deriving from the French name for the historic Avoyel people, one of the local Indian tribes at the time of European encounter.

Today the parish is the base of the federally recognized Tunica-Biloxi Indian Tribe, who have a reservation there. The tribe has a land-based gambling casino on their reservation. It is located in Marksville, the parish seat, which is partly within reservation land.
Fabrício Farias
Fabrício Ruan Rocha Farias (born 8 May 2000) is a Brazilian badminton player from Joca Claudino Esportes badminton club. He won the bronze medals at the 2019 Pan American Games in the men's doubles with his brother, Francielton Farias, and also in the mixed doubles with Jaqueline Lima. He later claimed the silver medal in the men's doubles at the 2023 Pan American Games with Davi Silva.

Farias and Lima were also the silver medalists in mixed doubles at the 2019 Pan Am Badminton Championships. Farias is a former Pan Am Junior champion in the boys' doubles.

Badminton at the 2019 Pan American Games
Badminton competitions at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru were held between July 29 and August 2, 2019 at the Polideportivo 3, which also hosted the roller sports (artistic) and table tennis competitions.

Five medal events were contested: singles and doubles for men and women and a mixed doubles event. A total of 88 athletes from 22 nations competed. A total of five NOC's won medals.

The event awarded ranking points towards selection for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.
Beacon Wood Country Park
Beacon Wood Country Park is a public woodland in Bean near Dartford, in Kent, England. It was previously an industrial claypit then re-claimed as woodland park open to the public, currently owned by Tarmac.

Tarmac (company)
Tarmac is a British building materials company headquartered in Solihull, England. The company was formed as Lafarge Tarmac in March 2013, by the merger of Anglo American's Tarmac UK and Lafarge's operations in the United Kingdom. In July 2014, Anglo American agreed to sell its stake to Lafarge, to assist Lafarge in its merger with Holcim and allay competition concerns.

Prior to 1999, Tarmac Plc was an aggregates to construction company dating from 1903. It was demerged in July 1999, with the Construction and Professional services arms forming Carillion plc. The aggregates and building materials side of the business retained the Tarmac name and was bought by Anglo American shortly afterwards.

In February 2015, Lafarge announced that the business would be sold to CRH plc, once Anglo American had sold its stake. Anglo American completed the sale in July 2015, and the acquisition by CRH completed the following month. Following the purchase, Lafarge Tarmac was rebranded as Tarmac.
Mabson
Mabson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George Lawrence Mabson (died 1885), American politician

Omar Mabson II (born 2007), American football player

William P. Mabson (1844 or 1846–1916), American politician

William P. Mabson
William Patrick Mabson Sr. (c. 1844 or 1846 – December 20, 1916), was an American educator, minister, newspaper owner, editor, and politician. He was a state legislator in North Carolina for at least two terms, active during the Reconstruction era. Mabson was one of the founders of Freedom Hill (now Princeville) in Edgecombe County, North Carolina.
Achi people
The Achi are a Maya ethnic group in Guatemala. They live in various municipalities in the department of Baja Verapaz. The municipalities they live in are Cubulco, Rabinal, San Miguel Chicaj, Salamá, San Jerónimo, and Purulhá, in addition to parts of Granados and el Chol.

They speak Achi, which is closely related to Kʼicheʼ.

Purulhá
Purulhá is a town and municipality in the Baja Verapaz department of Guatemala. It is situated at 1,570 m (5,151 ft) above sea level. The municipality covers an area of 536 km² and the population was 56,822 at the 2018 census. The annual festival is June 10-June 13.
Candy Cane Lane (film)
Candy Cane Lane is a 2023 American Christmas fantasy comedy film directed by Reginald Hudlin and written by Kelly Younger. The film stars Eddie Murphy, Tracee Ellis Ross, Jillian Bell, Thaddeus J. Mixon, Ken Marino, Trevante Rhodes, David Alan Grier, and Nick Offerman. It tells the story of a laid-off corporate marketer who makes a deal with a wicked Christmas elf to win his street's house decoration contest.

Candy Cane Lane was released by Amazon Prime Video on December 1, 2023.

Ken Marino
Kenneth Joseph Marino (born December 19, 1968) is an American actor, comedian, director, and screenwriter. He was a cast member on MTV's The State and has starred in shows such as Party Down, Marry Me, Burning Love, and Childrens Hospital. He played the Lehman brothers on the Showtime series Black Monday. He also stars as Victor in the cult-classic comedy film Wet Hot American Summer, as well as its spin-offs.
Cevizlidere, Muş
Cevizlidere (Kurdish: Gelîguzan, lit. 'Valley of nuts') is a village in the Muş District of Muş Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 343 in 2022.

It was formerly populated by Armenians and attacked by Ottoman forces in 1894 where most of the population was massacred. From 1994 on, the village was depopulated for a while by Turkish authorities during the Kurdish–Turkish conflict.

Villages of Turkey
A village (Turkish: köy, karye in the Ottoman era) is the second smallest settlement unit in Turkey.

The 51 regular provinces of Turkey and 30 province-level metropolitan municipalities are divided into districts.

A 2013 reform converted all 16,803 villages in the metropolitan municipalities, into neighborhoods (Turkish: mahalle) of the districts.

Remaining villages are in the rural areas of the districts in regular provinces, and have about 8.7% of the country's population. Each village or neighborhood elects a muhtar. Some more populous villages have been incorporated as towns (Turkish: belde), but in the others, the muhtar is responsible for all village services.

As of 2023, there are 18,277 villages and 32,261 neighbourhoods in Turkey.
Gold mining in Colorado
Gold mining in Colorado, a state of the United States, has been an industry since 1858. It also played a key role in the establishment of the state of Colorado.

Explorer Zebulon Pike heard a report of gold in South Park, present-day Park County, Colorado, in 1807.

Gold discoveries in Colorado began around Denver; prospectors traced the placer gold to its source in the mountains west of Denver, then followed the Colorado Mineral Belt in a southwest direction across the state to its terminus in the San Juan Mountains.  The Cripple Creek district, far from the mineral belt, was one of the last gold districts to be discovered and is still in production.

Park County, Colorado
Park County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,390. The county seat and largest incorporated town is Fairplay, while the unincorporated community of Bailey is the largest settlement overall. The county was named after the large geographic region known as South Park, which was named by early fur traders and trappers in the area. Park County is included in the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. A majority of the county lies within the boundaries of the South Park National Heritage Area.
Washakie Glacier
Washakie Glacier is on the east side of the Continental Divide in the southern Wind River Range in the U.S. state of Wyoming. The glacier is in the Popo Agie Wilderness of Shoshone National Forest. Washakie Glacier is situated in a north facing cirque between Mount Washakie and Bair Peak.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Mark Rolfing
Mark Rolfing is a television golf commentator and a resort marketing director. Rolfing played professional golf in 1973 and 1974, after playing college golf at DePauw University in Indiana. At DePauw, he joined Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. However, he never qualified for the PGA Tour and in 1975 joined Kapalua Resort in Hawaii as head golf professional. He later moved into Kapalua's marketing department and formed his own television marketing firm, Rolfing Productions, in 1985. He joined the NBC Sports golf team as an on-course reporter in 1988. In 1992, he moved to the ESPN/ABC Sports golf team, before rejoining NBC in 1998. He remains an on-course reporter for NBC as of June, 2018.

DePauw University
DePauw University (/dəˈpɔː/ də-PAW) is a private liberal arts college in Greencastle, Indiana, United States. It was founded in 1837 as Indiana Asbury College and changed its name to DePauw University in 1884. The college has a Methodist heritage and was founded to be an ecumenical institution of national stature, "conducted on the most liberal principles, accessible to all religious denominations and designed for the benefit of our citizens in general".

In 2023, DePauw had an enrollment of about 1,800 students. Its residential campus is located 45 miles (72 km) west of Indianapolis and is spread across 175 acres (71 ha) and 36 buildings, with an additional 520-acre (210 ha) DePauw Nature Park.