hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moran Sarkar
Moran Sarkar (c. 1781–1862) was the queen and wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh of the Sikh Empire. She was a nautch girl before she became a queen.

Maharaja Ranjit Singh was supposedly punished by flogging by Akali Phula Singh for marrying her in 1806. Mai Moran was sent to live in Pathankot district, in 1811.

Pathankot district
Pathankot district, the northernmost district of Punjab, India, was formed on 27 July 2011, after being carved out from Gurdaspur district. Pathankot serves as the district headquarters. The district shares its borders with Pakistan to the west and lies strategically close to the Union territory of Jammu & Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh, making it a vital trade and transportation hub in the region.
Aggijjat
Aggijjat (Inuktitut syllabics: ᐊᒡᒋᔾᔭᑦ) formerly Durban Island is a Canadian Arctic island located in Nunavut, Canada. It is one of Baffin Island's northeast offshore islands within Davis Strait's Merchants Bay. It is 36 km2 (14 sq mi) in size. Durban Harbour is on the island's southeast facing side. Nearby can be found the larger Paallavvik, and Auyuittuq National Park is also to the west on Baffin Island.

Davis Strait
Davis Strait (Danish: Davisstrædet; Inuktitut: ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᐃᑭᖓ Qikiqtaaluup Ikinga) is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. To the north is Baffin Bay. The strait was named for English explorer John Davis (1550–1605), who sailed the area while seeking a route through the Northwest Passage, and by the 1650s it was used for whale hunting.
Thanbankyun
Thanbankyun  is a village in Bhamo Township, Bhamo District, Kachin State of north-eastern Myanmar.  It is located across the Irrawaddy River from the village of Man Pu, a few miles west of a town called Mansi.

Kachin State
Kachin State (Burmese: ကချင်ပြည်နယ်; Kachin: Jinghpaw Mungdaw) is the northernmost state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet and Yunnan, respectively), Shan State to the south, and Sagaing Region and India (Arunachal Pradesh) to the west. It lies between north latitude 23° 27' and 28° 25' longitude 96° 0' and 98° 44'. The area of Kachin State is 89,041 km2 (34,379 sq mi). The capital of the state is Myitkyina. Other important towns include Bhamo, Mohnyin and Putao.

Kachin State has Myanmar's highest mountain, Hkakabo Razi at 5,889 metres (19,321 ft), forming the southern tip of the Himalayas, and a large inland lake, Indawgyi Lake. It also has the most national parks of any administrative division in Myanmar, that being three.
Pavel Bogovski
Pavel Bogovski (Russian: Павел Александрович Боговский; 10 March 1919 Tartu – 8 March 2006) was an Estonian oncologist and anatomy pathologist.

He studied at the University of Tartu from 1937 to 1941, but then transferred because of the Second World War to Almaty Medical Institute in Kazakhstan, where he graduated in 1943. After the war he returned to Tartu to study for a Ph.D, which he was awarded in 1949.

From 1949 he worked at the Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine in Tallinn and was its director from 1974 to 1991. From 1977 he was the leader of the commission on Estonian medical terminology.

In 1993 he was elected a member of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. In 1999 he was awarded the Republic of Estonia science prize (lifework prize).

Estonian Academy of Sciences
Founded in 1938, the Estonian Academy of Sciences (Estonian: Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia, Latin: Academia Scientiarum Estoniae) is Estonia's national academy of science in Tallinn.  As with other national academies, it is an independent group of well-known scientists whose stated aim is to promote research and development, encourage international scientific cooperation, and disseminate knowledge to the public.  As of March 2017, it had 77 full members and 20 foreign members.  Since 15 October 2014, the president of the Academy is the mathematician Tarmo Soomere.
Hungarian Classic
The Hungarian Classic (previously called Hungarian Open) is a darts tournament held in Budapest, Hungary. Tournament was sanctioned by the World Darts Federation. The event has been organized every year since 1999. Three editions of this tournament were held in Győr. Hungarian Classic is a part of the Hungarian Masters weekend.

The first winners were Levente Székely and Kristina Pruim.

World Darts Federation
The World Darts Federation (WDF) is a sport governing body and (along with the PDC) a tournament organiser for the game of darts. It was formed in 1974 by representatives of the original fourteen founding members. Membership is open to the national organising body for darts in all nations. The WDF encourages the promotion of the sport of darts among and between those bodies, in an effort to gain international recognition for darts as a major sport. The WDF was a full member of Global Association of International Sports Federations, which was the governing body for international sports federations, until dissolution in 2023.
Francisco de Paula Urrutia Ordóñez
Francisco de Paula Urrutia Ordoñez (2 April 1827 — 12 September 1893) was a Colombian expatriate businessman living in Quito who served as 8th Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary ad honorem of Colombia to Ecuador from 1889 to his death in 1893.

Ad honorem
Ad honorem is a Latin phrase that literally can be translated as "to the honor". When used today, it generally means "for the honor of"; that is, not seeking any material reward. It is commonly used in universities for certain unpaid teaching positions.

When the phrase is used to mean professional work done voluntarily and without payment, it can be used interchangeably with pro bono ("for the public good").

It is also used as an alternative to honoris causa when awarding honorary degrees.
Eddie Anthony
Edward Anthony (1890 – 1934) was an American country blues and jazz musician. He played the violin.

His style of playing, primarily accompanying Peg Leg Howell, offered the rarity of black string band music, which disappeared with the advent of the recording of blues guitarists. Anthony worked with Howell throughout the 1920s and early 1930s. He also recorded "Georgia Crawl" with Henry Williams, a re-working of the earlier Spencer Williams penned song "Georgia Grind", as well as "Lonesome Blues" (1928).

Anthony died in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, in 1934.

String band
A string band is an old-time music or jazz ensemble made up mainly or solely of string instruments.  String bands were popular in the 1920s and 1930s, and are among the forerunners of modern country music and bluegrass. While being active countrywide, in Philadelphia and its surrounding suburbs they are a huge part of its musical culture and traditions, appearing, among others, in the yearly Mummers Parade.
Foulby
Foulby is a village in the City of Wakefield district of West Yorkshire, England. It is situated near Nostell, between Crofton and Ackworth Moor Top, on the A638 east-south east of the city of Wakefield. The village is in the Ackworth, North Elmsall and Upton ward of Wakefield Council.

The boundary between the civil parishes of Huntwick with Foulby and Nostell (to the south-east) and Sharlston (to the north-west) passes through the village.

John Harrison (24 March 1693 – 24 March 1776) an English carpenter and clock designer, who solved the problem of calculating longitude through the carrying of precise time on board ship, was born in the village. A blue plaque is displayed on the house where he was born beside the main Wakefield to Doncaster road.
Windmill Inn, the site of a former windmill designed by John Smeaton in 1786, is now an Indian restaurant called Arkaan's.

Wakefield Council
Wakefield Council, also known as the City of Wakefield Metropolitan District Council, is the local authority of the City of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England. Wakefield has had a council since 1848, which has been reformed on several occasions. Since 1974 it has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority since 2014.

The council has been under Labour majority control since the 1974 reforms. It meets at County Hall and has its main offices at Wakefield One.
2022 North Dakota House of Representatives election
The 2022 North Dakota House of Representatives elections were held on November 8, 2022, as part of the biennial 2022 United States elections. 66 of the seats in the North Dakota House of Representatives were up for election. Primary elections were held on June 14, 2022. The elections coincided with elections for other offices in North Dakota, including the US Senate, US House, North Dakota Secretary of State, North Dakota Attorney General, and the North Dakota Senate.

Following the 2022 elections, Republicans expanded their supermajority by two seats, giving them an 82-to-12 member advantage over Democrats.

North Dakota Republican Party
The North Dakota Republican Party is the North Dakota affiliate of the United States Republican Party.

Its platform is conservative. It is currently the dominant party in the state, controlling North Dakota's at-large U.S. House seat, both U.S. Senate seats and the governorship, and it has supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature.
River systems of Thailand
Thailand has 22 river basins with 254 sub-basins. Rainwater is one of the most important sources of water. Thailand's water resource per capita is less than that of other countries in the region.

The two principal river systems of Thailand are the Chao Phraya and the Mekong. Together, these rivers support the irrigation for Thailand's agricultural economy.

In addition to these two large systems, there are a number of other river systems and individual rivers which drain the lands within Thailand's borders into the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea. One-third of the nation's rivers flow into the Mekong. The Mekong is the only river system in Thailand which drains into the South China Sea.

Kaeng Krachan National Park
Kaeng Krachan National Park (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติแก่งกระจาน, RTGS: Utthayan Haeng Chat Kaeng Krachan, pronounced [ʔùt.tʰā.jāːn hɛ̀ŋ t͡ɕʰâːt kɛ̀ŋ krā.t͡ɕāːn]) is the largest national park of Thailand. It is on the border with Burma, contiguous with the Tanintharyi Nature Reserve. It is a popular park owing to its proximity to the tourist town of Hua Hin. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site on 26 July 2021, despite concerns from the OHCHR around the human rights violations of the indigenous people that live in the park.
Callaly
Callaly is a village and civil parish in Northumberland, England. It is about 9 miles (14 km) to the west of Alnwick. The main A697 road (to Morpeth) is 3 miles (5 km) away. It is on the line of the Roman road linking the Roman forts of High Rochester to the west and Learchild to the east, where it joins the Devil's Causeway Roman road to the north. The parish includes the hamlets of Lorbottle and Yetlington.

Devil's Causeway
The Devil's Causeway is a Roman road in Northumberland, in North East England. It branches off Dere Street north of Corbridge and can be traced through Northumberland for about 55 miles (89 km) north to Berwick-upon-Tweed.
Le Visage nuptial
Le Visage nuptial (The Nuptial Face) is a secular cantata for soprano, contralto, choir of women and orchestra by Pierre Boulez. Originally composed in 1946–47 on a poem by René Char for two voices, two ondes Martenot, piano and percussion, the work, revised in 1951–52 in a version for voices and orchestra, was premiered on 4 December 1957 in Cologne conducted by the composer. The score was further revised in 1989, removing the quarter tones present in the second and fifth parts of the 1951–52 version, while revising the orchestration. A version with final revisions by the composer was premiered on 25 February 2014 at the Cité de la Musique in Paris during the closing concert of the festival Présences of Radio France.

Women's choir
A women's choir or women's chorus is a choir formed exclusively by women. If all singers are young, it is called a girls' choir. The voice types are usually soprano and alto, SSAA. The names are also used for music especially composed for such groups.
Dharmendra antigen
The Dharmendra antigen is a test widely used in India. The antigen is a suspension of de-fatted leprosy bacilli which has been extracted with chloroform-ether and killed, either by heat, or by other effective methods. This antigen was first reported by Dharmendra in 1941–42 and later standardized in 1979 by Sangupta et al.

Dharmendra's Lepromin suspension consists of 10 mg of the dried and de-fatted, bacillary powder, dissolved in 100 ml carbol saline solution. It is a revised form of the original Lepromin test developed in 1919 by Kensuke Mitsuda. The Dharmendra test allows to differentiate tuberculoid leprosy from lepromatous leprosy.

Kensuke Mitsuda
Kensuke Mitsuda (光田 健輔, Mitsuda Kensuke; January 12, 1876 – May 14, 1964) was a Japanese leprologist and director of the Tama Zenshoen Sanatorium (1914–1931) and the National Sanatorium Nagashima Aiseien (1931–1957). He had been at the frontier of leprosy policy of Japan. He was given the Order of Cultural Merits (1951) and Damien-Dutton Award (1961). He has been the cause of admiration from one side, and the target of criticism from the other.
Peanuts Motion Comics
Peanuts Motion Comics is an American animated miniseries based on 1964 strips of the comic strip Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz. The series premiered on iTunes on November 3, 2008 with the support of the Schulz estate. The series consists of 20 cartoon shorts, paired into 10 episodes. The episodes employ signature themes and plotlines from the classic strips. The series was released to DVD on March 9, 2010. Animation production was done by Studio B Productions.

Studio B Productions
Studio B Productions, Inc. (sometimes known as just Studio B and later known as DHX Media Vancouver) was a Canadian animation studio and production company founded by Blair Peters and Chris Bartleman in Vancouver, British Columbia in 1988. The studio was acquired by DHX Media (now WildBrain) on December 4, 2007, and became a subsidiary there since then.

The Studio B brand was discontinued in 2011, while the studio itself merged with fellow DHX subsidiary Nerd Corps Entertainment to form DHX Studios (now WildBrain Studios) in 2016. All Studio B series were branded under the DHX Media name until 2019, when the latter rebranded as WildBrain.
2007 SuccessTech Academy shooting
The 2007 SuccessTech Academy shooting was a school shooting that occurred on October 10, 2007, at the SuccessTech alternative high school in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. A 14-year-old freshman, Asa Hailey Coon, shot two students and two teachers before committing suicide inside of a classroom on the fourth floor of the building.

SuccessTech Academy
SuccessTech Academy was an alternative public high school in  downtown Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It is part of the Cleveland Metropolitan School District. A grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation helped to establish the school, which opened to enrollment in the 2002–2003 school year. SuccessTech Academy offers a technology infused high school curriculum with a focus on problem and project based learning.

All 59 students in the school's first senior class (2005-2006) were college-bound.

As of the 2009–2010 school year, SuccessTech's graduation rate was 94.9%

The school closed at the end of the 2016-2017 school year, with the campus transitioning to Davis Aerospace & Maritime High School.
Eastern Orthodox Church in Germany
The Eastern Orthodox Church has a presence in Germany. With up to 2 million adherents, the Church is Germany's third-largest Christian denomination after Roman Catholicism and the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD). It has grown due to immigration from Eastern Europe, especially Romania, Greece, the former Soviet Union, and the former Yugoslavia.

According to the 2011 census, 2% of the population identified as Orthodox, although this encompasses a number of different churches.

Bulgarian Orthodox Church
The Bulgarian Orthodox Church (Bulgarian: Българска православна църква, romanized: Bûlgarska pravoslavna cûrkva), legally the Patriarchate of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Българска патриаршия, romanized: Bûlgarska patriarshiya), is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox jurisdiction based in Bulgaria. It is the first medieval recognised patriarchate outside the Pentarchy and the oldest Slavic Orthodox church, with some 6 million members in Bulgaria and between 1.5 and 2 million members in a number of other European countries, Asia, the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand. It was recognized as autocephalous in 1945 by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.
Dendropsophus limai
Dendropsophus limai is a species of frog in the family Hylidae.
It is endemic to Brazil.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.

Hylidae
Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic.
Tontitown School Building
The Tontitown School Building is a historic former school building on US Highway 412 (US 412) in Tontitown, Arkansas.  It is a single-story hip-roofed building, fashioned out of concrete blocks.  It has corner blocks set in a quoin pattern, and gabled dormers front and rear which house paired round-arch windows.  The front entry is sheltered by a gabled portico supported by Corinthian columns.  The school was built in 1920 to accommodated the community's growing Italian immigrant population.  The building is now owned by the adjacent St. Joseph's Church.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

U.S. Route 412 in Arkansas
U.S. Highway 412 (US 412) runs east-to-west through northern Arkansas for about 290 miles (470 km). The route begins at the Oklahoma state line near Siloam Springs, and ends at the Missouri state line east of Paragould.
Exfoliating granite
Exfoliating granite is a granite undergoing exfoliation, or onion skin weathering (desquamation). The external delaminated layers of granite are gradually produced by the cyclic variations of temperature at the surface of the rock in a process also called spalling. Frost and ice expansion in the joints during the winter accelerate the alteration process while the most unstable loose external layers are removed by gravity assisted by surface runoff of water.

Spall
Spall are fragments of a material that are broken off a larger solid body. It can be produced by a variety of mechanisms, including as a result of projectile impact, corrosion, weathering, cavitation, or excessive rolling pressure (as in a ball bearing).  Spalling and spallation both describe the process of surface failure in which spall is shed.

The terms spall, spalling, and spallation have been adopted by particle physicists; in neutron scattering instruments, neutrons are generated by bombarding a uranium (or other) target with a stream of atoms. The neutrons that are ejected from the target are known as "spall".
No Land's Man
No Land's Man is a 2021 drama film directed and written by Mostofa Sarwar Farooki. The film follows the journey of a South Asian man which becomes complicated when he meets an Australian woman in America. The plot of the film deals with fascism and identity crisis. It stars Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Eisha Chopra, Tahsan Rahman Khan among others. The film, a joint production of United States, India, Australia and Bangladesh is produced by Farooki, Shrihari Sathe, Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Anjan Chowdhury, Faridur Reza Sagar and Nusrat Imrose Tisha. A.R. Rahman also joins the film as an executive producer and music composer..

It premiered in the "A Window on Asian Cinema" section at 26th Busan International Film Festival, which held from 6 to 15 October 2021.

Mostofa Sarwar Farooki
Mostofa Sarwar Farooki (Bengali: মোস্তফা সরোয়ার ফারুকী) is a Bangladeshi film director, producer and screenwriter who works in Bengali films. His films Third Person Singular Number, Television, No Bed Of Roses were critically acclaimed across the world and received numerous international and national awards. On November 10, 2024, he was appointed as the Adviser to the Ministry of Cultural Affairs in the Interim government of Bangladesh.
Marvin Karawana
Marvin Karawana (born 30 July 1986, in Wainuiomata, New Zealand) is a former professional rugby union and rugby league player. He last played for Wellington in the National Rugby sevens competition in New Zealand. He previously played for the Newcastle Knights in the National Rugby League. He primarily plays lock, second-row and five-eighth.

Wainuiomata
Wainuiomata (/ˌwaɪnuːiˈɔːmɑːtə/) is a large dormitory suburb of Lower Hutt, in the Wellington metropolitan area in New Zealand. Its population was estimated as being 20,450 as of June 2025, with a density of 1,600 people per km2. European settlement of Wainuiomata began in the 1850s with timber-felling and farming and began to grow in the 1920s. After World War 2 there was rapid population expansion, with Wainuiomata earning the nickname 'Nappy Valley' because of the large number of families with young children. From the late 1980s the economy slowed and the population decreased, but since about 2020 there has been a housing boom and corresponding increase in population. Wainuiomata is noted for being the origin of New Zealand's kōhanga reo (Māori-language immersion preschool) movement.
Last Man to Kill
Last Man to Kill (Italian: Un milione di dollari per 7 assassini, French: 1.000.000 de dollars pour 7 assassinats) is a 1966 Italian-French crime-spy film written and directed by Umberto Lenzi and starring Roger Browne, Erika Blanc and Dakar. The Italian title translates as A Million Dollars for Seven Killers. It was the fourth and last spy film directed by Lenzi.

Umberto Lenzi
Umberto Lenzi (6 August 1931 – 19 October 2017) was an Italian film director, screenwriter, and novelist.

A fan of film since young age, Lenzi studied at the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia and made his first film in 1958 which went unreleased, while his official debut happened in 1961 with Queen of the Seas. Lenzi's films of the 1960s followed popular trends of the era, which led to him directing several spy and erotic thriller films. He followed in suit in the 1970s making giallo films, crime films and making the first Italian cannibal film with Man from the Deep River. He continued making films up until the 1990s and later worked as a novelist writing a series of murder mysteries.
My Trial as a War Criminal
"My Trial as a War Criminal" is a 1949 short story by atomic physicist Leo Szilard.
Szilard had played a leading role in the Manhattan Project, and in the story he imagines the kind of show trial he might have had if he had been prosecuted in a manner similar to the Nuremberg Trials. Szilard earlier drafted the letter Albert Einstein signed, to Franklin Roosevelt, suggesting the US develop the military uses of nuclear power, and later the petition unsuccessfully advocating against the use of nuclear weapons.

Show trial
A show trial is a public trial in which the guilt or innocence of the defendant has already been determined. The purpose of holding a show trial is to present both accusation and verdict to the public, serving as an example and a warning to other would-be dissidents or transgressors.

Show trials tend to be retributive rather than corrective, and they are also conducted for propagandistic purposes. When aimed at individuals on the basis of protected classes or characteristics, show trials are examples of political persecution. The term was first recorded in 1928.