hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George LaGrange Cook
George LaGrange Cook (1849–1919) was a photographer in Charleston, South Carolina. The Gibbes Museum of Art holds a collection of his photographs. He took a range of images: buildings, residences, streets, and portraits.

Huestis P. Cook
Huestis Pratt Cook (July 3, 1868 – August 1, 1951) was an American photographer based in Richmond, Virginia. He captured many images on glass-plate negatives, a technique he learned from his father. He took over his father's studio after his death and had a full photography business.

He was a son of George S. Cook, known for taking the first photograph of active combat in 1863 during the American Civil War. The senior Cook developed expertise in daguerrotypes and had been active in Charleston, South Carolina and Richmond, Virginia.
Blissful
Blissful is the second album by drummer Hamid Drake and his group Bindu. It was recorded on July 12 and 13, 2007, at Soma Electronic Music Studios in Chicago, Illinois, and was issued on CD in 2008 by Rogueart. On the album, Drake is joined by vocalist Dee Alexander, guitarists Joe Morris and Jeff Parker, and double bassists Josh Abrams and William Parker. Lyrics were written by the 18th-century poet Ramprasad Sen, and were excerpted from Mother of the Universe: Visions of the Goddess and Tantric Hymns of Enlightenment by Lex Hixon.

RogueArt
RogueArt (also written Rogueart and Rogue Art) is a French independent record label based in Paris. It was founded by record producer Michel Dorbon in 2005 and specialises in jazz and improvised music.
Richard A. Flavell
Richard Anthony Flavell (born 23 August 1945 in Chelmsford, Essex) is an English molecular biologist, and Sterling Professor of Immunobiology, at Yale School of Medicine where he uses transgenic and gene-targeted mice to study Innate and Adaptive immunity, T cell tolerance and activation in immunity and autoimmunity, apoptosis, and regulation of T cell differentiation.
He is an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. In 2013, Flavell received the Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science. In July 2016, Flavell received an honorary doctorate degree from the University of Hull. He is an honorary member of the British Society for Immunology.

Vilcek Foundation
The Vilcek Foundation is an American nonprofit organization. The foundation's programs include the Vilcek Foundation Prizes.

The Foundation was established in 2000 by Jan and Marica Vilcek, immigrants from the former Czechoslovakia. The mission of the Foundation was inspired by the couple's respective careers in biomedical science and art history, as well as their appreciation for the opportunities offered to them as newcomers to the United States.
Vice (Miranda Lambert song)
"Vice" is a song recorded by American country music artist Miranda Lambert. It was released to radio on July 18, 2016, as the lead single from Lambert's sixth studio album The Weight of These Wings (2016). The song was written by Lambert, Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally. "Vice" debuted at number two on the Hot Country Songs chart in August 2016. "Vice" was ranked at number 31 on Rolling Stone's "50 Best Songs of 2016" list.

Shane McAnally
Shane Lamar McAnally (born October 12, 1974) is an American country music singer, songwriter, and record producer. He debuted as a singer in 1999 with his self-titled album on Curb Records. This project produced three singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts, including "Are Your Eyes Still Blue".

After a hiatus from music, McAnally returned to songwriting, having his first major success with "Last Call" by Lee Ann Womack in 2008. From the early 2010s onward, McAnally has worked almost exclusively as a songwriter and producer. Artists with whom he has worked include Old Dominion, Midland, and Kacey Musgraves. He has won four Grammy Awards and multiple awards from the Country Music Association (CMA). In 2023, he collaborated with Brandy Clark in writing the musical Shucked.
Verizon Ladies First Tour
The Verizon Ladies First Tour (2004) was a co-headlining concert tour by American recording artists Beyoncé, Alicia Keys and Missy Elliott. Canadian artist Tamia was featured as a special guest on certain dates. The tour, dubbed an "urban Lilith Fair", supported Beyoncé's debut studio album, Dangerously in Love (2003), Keys' second album, The Diary of Alicia Keys (2003), and Elliott's fourth and fifth albums, Under Construction (2002) and This is Not a Test! (2003), respectively.

The trio toured the United States performing in over twenty cities during March and April of 2004. Ladies First was the first time at least three female R&B/hip hop artists were featured as headliners, and it went on to be one of the biggest tours of that year, ranking 34th on Pollstar's "Top Tours of 2004"—grossing around $20 million. The success of the tour prompted talks for a second tour in 2005; however, those plans were scrapped, with Verizon focused on developing their VIP Tour instead.

Pollstar
Pollstar is a trade publication for the concert and live music industry. The publication was purchased by Oak View Group, a venue consultancy founded by Tim Leiweke and Irving Azoff, in July 2017.

Pollstar holds an annual award ceremony to honor artists and professionals in the concert industry.
Marguerite Wyke
Marguerite Wyke OBE (May 1908 – 1995) was an American-born Trinidadian teacher, poet, artist and politician. After growing up in Jersey City, New Jersey, and working as a teacher, she married and moved to Canada for a decade and then relocated to Trinidad. Writing for various journals and newspapers, and cultivating the artistic community in Trinidad, she became active in local politics. Renouncing her U.S. citizenship, Wyke became a Trinidadian citizen in 1953 and became active in the island's governance. With the establishment of the West Indies Federation, she was appointed as one of two senators from Trinidad and Tobago and one of only two women senators to serve in the Federal Parliament of the West Indies Federation. When the Federation dissolved, Wyke returned to her artistic endeavors, publishing poetry and participating in various art media.

Federal Parliament of the West Indies Federation
The Federal Parliament of the West Indies Federation was the bicameral legislature in West Indies Federation from 1958 to 1962. It was formally made up of two houses, an appointed Senate (Upper house) and an elected House of Representatives (Lower house).

The governor general, on behalf of the monarch, summoned and appointed the 19 senators, while each of the 45 members of the House of Representatives represented an electoral district, and were elected by voters residing in the district. The governor general also summoned and called together the House of Representatives, and had the power to prorogue or dissolve Parliament, in order to either end a parliamentary session or call a general election.

The only election was held in 1958. It remained for 4 years until the dissolution of the federation in 1962. The official language of the Parliament was English.
Allan Cameron of Lochiel
Allan Cameron of Lochiel (c. 1567–1647) was a Scottish clan chief and soldier. He fought at the Battle of Glenlivet in 1594. During the Scottish Civil War, he fought with the Marquis of Montrose and led his clan at the Battle of Inverlochy in 1645, aged nigh on 80. He was the 16th Chief of Clan Cameron.

Allan Cameron was the only son of John Cameron, son of Donald Cameron, son of Ewen Mor Cameron of Lochiel, XIII Chief. His father was murdered in 1569, and so he was raised by an aunt.

He married the daughter of Stewart of Appin. His eldest son John Cameron, Master of Lochiel died in 1635, imprisoned at Edinburgh. His second son Donald was the first laird of Glendessary, and thus progenitor of the Glendessary branch of Clan Cameron.

Lochiel was succeeded by his grandson Sir Ewen Cameron of Lochiel (1629–1729), who greatly increased the clan's fortunes and was a strong supporter of the Stuart monarchs.

Battle of Inverlochy (1645)
56°49′52″N 5°04′44″W﻿ / ﻿56.831°N 5.079°W﻿ / 56.831; -5.079

The Battle of Inverlochy occurred on 2 February 1645, during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, when a Royalist force of Highlanders and Confederate Irish troops under the overall command of James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, routed and largely destroyed the pursuing forces of Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll, who had been encamped under the walls of Inverlochy Castle.

After being researched, the area was designated as a battlefield by Historic Scotland in 2011.
TAESA Flight 725
TAESA Flight 725 was a scheduled flight originating in Tijuana International Airport and ending at Mexico City International Airport with intermediate stopovers in Guadalajara and Uruapan, that crashed shortly after departure from the latter city's airport on November 9, 1999, killing all 18 passengers and crew on board. The crash led TAESA to ground its fleet and suspend operations a year later in 2000.

Uruapan
Uruapan del Progreso, simply known as Uruapan (Spanish pronunciation: [uˈrwa.pan]), is the second largest city in the Mexican state of Michoacán. It is located at the western edge of the Purépecha highlands, just to the east of the Tierra Caliente region. Since the colonial period, it has been an important city economically due to its location. The city was conquered by the Spanish in 1522, when the last Purépecha ruler fled the Pátzcuaro area to here. The modern city was laid out in 1534 by Friar Juan de San Miguel. It played an important role in the War of Independence, and was the capital of Michoacán during the French Intervention. Today it is the center of Mexico's avocado growing region, with most of the crop distributed from here nationally and internationally.
Volodymyr urban hromada
Volodymyr urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Володимирська міська територіальна громада, romanized: Volodymyrska miska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Volodymyr Raion in the western Volyn Oblast. Its administrative centre is the city of Volodymyr. On 1 December 2025, the Cabinet of Ministers renamed the hromada from Volodymyr-Volynskyi to Volodymyr in line with the city's renaming in 2021.

The hromada has a size of 104.2 km2 (40.2 mi2), as well as a population of 43,779 (as of 2023).

Volodymyr, Ukraine
Volodymyr (Ukrainian: Володимир, IPA: [woloˈdɪmɪr] ⓘ; Polish: Włodzimierz, originally Włodzimierz Wołyński), previously known as Volodymyr-Volynskyi (Володимир-Волинський) from 1944 to 2021, is a small city in Volyn Oblast, northwestern Ukraine. It serves as the administrative centre of Volodymyr Raion and the center of Volodymyr urban hromada. It is one of the oldest cities in Ukraine and the historic centre of the region of Volhynia; it served as the capital of the Principality of Volhynia and later as one of the capital cities of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. Population: 37,910 (2022 estimate).

The medieval Latin name of the town "Lodomeria" became the namesake of the 19th century Austro-Hungarian Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, of which the town itself was not a part. Five kilometres (three miles) south from Volodymyr is Zymne, where the oldest Orthodox monastery in Volhynia is located.
Grant O. Gale Observatory
Grant O. Gale Observatory  is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by Grinnell College Department of Physics.  The observatory is located in Grinnell, Iowa (USA).  Constructed in 1984, it is named after Grant O. Gale, a distinguished teacher and curator of the Grinnell Physics Historical Museum. Designed by Woodburn and O'Neil of Des Moines, the building is a 38-foot by 55-foot structure rising 26 feet to the top of the dome. It houses a 24-inch Cassegrain reflecting telescope built by DFM Engineering of Longmont, Colorado. The observatory houses two computer systems: the first controls the telescope and the second accommodates data acquisition and analysis and can be used to store television images. In addition to its primary function as an instructional and research tool, the observatory is also a facility for public viewing of astronomical phenomena under staff supervision.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Presidential Palace, Garowe
The Puntland State House (Somali: Madaxtooyada Dawladda Puntland), (Arabic: القصر  الرئاسي في أرض البنط); is a presidential palace in Garowe and significant state government building located in Government of Puntland, Somalia. Functioning as a representation of political authority and governance, this notable palace has held a crucial role in the region's administrative matters. Since its establishment, it has observed the changes in Puntland's political environment, reflecting the ambitions, difficulties, and accomplishments of the populace in their pursuit of self-determination.

Political authority
In political philosophy and ethics, political authority  describes any of the moral principles legitimizing differences between individuals' rights and duties by virtue of their relationship with the state. Political authority grants members of a government the right to rule over citizens using coercion if necessary (i.e., political legitimacy), while imposing an obligation for the citizens to obey government orders (i.e., political obligation).

A central question in political philosophy is "To what extent is political authority legitimate?" Views range from political authority and having no legitimacy (philosophical anarchism) to political authority being virtually unlimited in scope (totalitarianism).
Lists of mountains
Mountains are listed according to various criteria:

List of mountains by elevation
List of highest mountains greater than 7,200 metres (23,622 ft) above sea level
List of past presumed highest mountains
List of highest unclimbed peaks
List of volcanoes by elevation

Topographic prominence
List of mountain peaks by prominence
Ultra-prominent peak

Summits farthest from the Earth's center

Lists of highest points restricted to a specific geographic area
List of countries by highest point
List of islands by highest point

Lists of mountains by region sorted by country or province
Seven Summits, the highest peak on each continent
Seven Second Summits, the second-highest peak on each continent
Seven Third Summits, the third-highest peak on each continent

List of tallest mountains in the Solar System
List of mountains on Mars by height

List of mountain types sorted by geological origin

List of mountain ranges organized into mountain ranges

Seven Second Summits
The Seven Second Summits are the second-highest mountains of each of the seven continents. All of these mountains are separate peaks rather than a sub-peak of the continents' high point. The Seven Second Summits are considered a harder challenge than the traditional Seven Summits.
Dennis Owens
Dennis Ray Owens (born February 24, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a nose tackle for five seasons with the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the NC State Wolfpack.

NC State Wolfpack football
The NC State Wolfpack football team represents North Carolina State University in the sport of American football. The Wolfpack competes in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Prior to joining the ACC in 1953, the Wolfpack were a member of the Southern Conference. As a founding member of the ACC, the Wolfpack has won seven conference championships and participated in 34 bowl games, of which the team has won 17. NC State is coached by Dave Doeren.

Since 1966, the Wolfpack has played its home games at Carter–Finley Stadium, the largest college football stadium in North Carolina. On September 16, 2010, NC State restored the tradition of having a live mascot on the field.  A wolf-like Tamaskan Dog named
"Tuffy" was on the sidelines for the Cincinnati game that day in Raleigh and Tuffy has not missed a Wolfpack football game in Carter–Finley Stadium since.
Korgalzhyn
Korgalzhyn (Kazakh: Қорғалжын, Qorğaljyn) is a village in the Akmola Region, Kazakhstan. It serves as the administrative center of Korgalzhyn District. The Nura River slowly flows around the selo. It is situated 120 km south-west of Astana. Population: 4,161 (2009 census results);5,717 (1999 census results).

The selo serves as the main and only base for entering the Saryarka — Steppe and Lakes of Northern Kazakhstan Unesco World Heritage site with Lake Tengiz at its heart. Many foreigners, mostly birdwatchers from all over the world come to the selo.

Lake Tengiz
Tengiz Lake (Kazakh: Теңіз көлі, Teñız kölı; Russian: Тенгиз) is a saline lake in Korgalzhyn District, Akmola Region, Kazakhstan.

On 16 October 1976, the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz 23 unintentionally splashed down into the northern part of the lake, which was frozen, crashing through the ice. The crew was saved thanks to a very difficult but successful rescue operation.
Bab El Gorjani
Bab El Gorjani, or Bab Sidi Ali El Gorjéni (Arabic: باب الغرجيني) is one of the gates of the medina of Tunis, the capital of Tunisia.

It is one of the gates on the second enclosure of the eastern suburbs of Tunis., built in the Turkish period. It takes its name from one of Abul Hasan ash-Shadhili's forty disciples, Sidi Ali El Gorjani, who also gave his name to a now-disused cemetery and a public park.

Equipped with an important bastion, it controls the plains of Mornag and Sebkha Sejoumi.

Medina of Tunis
The Medina of Tunis is the medina quarter of Tunis, the capital of Tunisia. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1979.

The Medina contains some 700 monuments, including palaces, mosques, mausoleums, madrasas and fountains dating from various periods.
New England Colonies
The New England Colonies of English and British America included Connecticut Colony, the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth Colony, and the Province of New Hampshire, as well as a few smaller short-lived colonies. The New England colonies were part of the Thirteen Colonies and eventually became five of the six states in New England, with Plymouth Colony absorbed into Massachusetts and Maine separating from it.

In 1616, Captain John Smith authored A Description of New England, which first applied the term "New England" to the coastal lands from Long Island Sound in the south to Newfoundland in the north.

Long Island Sound
Long Island Sound is a marine sound and tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It lies predominantly between the U.S. state of Connecticut to the north and Long Island in New York state to the south. From west to east, the sound stretches 110 mi (180 km) from the East River and the Throgs Neck Bridge in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. The sound forms part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

A mix of freshwater from tributaries, and saltwater from the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to 230 feet (20 to 70 m).
Le Grand Magistery
Le Grand Magistery is an independent record label operating out of Bloomfield Hills in the U.S. state of Michigan since 1996. They have been home to a number of artists including a Cuckoo, a Girl Called Eddy, Always, Baxendale, the Blood Group, Cinéma Vérité, Computer Perfection, Flare, Kahimi Karie, le Concorde, Mascott, Memphis, Momus, Moose, Mr. Wright, the Music Lovers, PAS/CAL, Louis Philippe, the Push Kings, Scarboro Aquarium Club, the Secret History, Mike Sheldon, Stars, and Toog.

PAS/CAL
PAS/CAL was an indie pop band from Detroit, Michigan, founded by frontman Casimer Pascal (born Craig Benedict Valentine Badynee). The group was active from 2002 until its disbandment in 2008 following the release of its debut studio album.

The band's debut LP, I Was Raised On Matthew, Mark, Luke & Laura, was released on July 22, 2008, via Le Grand Magistery.
El Cañaveral
El Cañaveral is an administrative neighborhood of Madrid, belonging to the district of Vicálvaro. Created in November 2017 after the passing of the new internal organization of the district on 31 October 2017 by the plenary of the Madrid City Council, it is named after the PAU ("Program of Urban Action") in the area, which unlike the administrative neighborhood does not extend to the east of the Cañada Real linear shanty town, as the administrative neighborhood also currently comprises the future development of Los Cerros, another PAU. The first neighbors of the PAU installed in 2016. As of 1 March 2020, the neighborhood has a population of 2,565.

Once the PAU is fully built it is expected to feature 14,000 housing units. In addition, Los Cerros is tentatively expected to feature 15,000 housing units.

The neighborhood is roughly delimitated by the C-2/C-7 commuter railroads, the R-3, and the municipal borders with Rivas-Vaciamadrid, San Fernando de Henares and Coslada.

City Council of Madrid
The City Council of Madrid (Spanish: Ayuntamiento de Madrid) is the top-tier administrative and governing body of Madrid, the capital and biggest city of Spain.

The city council is composed by three bodies: the mayor, who leads the city council and the executive branch of it; the governing council (Junta de Gobierno), which is the main body of the executive branch composed by the mayor and the councillors appointed by him; and the Plenary, a democratically elected assembly which represents the people of Madrid. The current mayor of Madrid is José Luis Martínez-Almeida since June 2019.
Nelly Danielyan
Nelly Gevorg Danielyan (Armenian: Նելլի Դանիելյան; born 29 June 1978, in Yerevan) is an Armenian painter, as well as a member of the Artists’ Union of Armenia, Artists’ Union of the Russian Federation, and the International Federation of Painters of UNESCO. She is also co-president of International Creative Association of Phytocollagists in Moscow.

Vitebsk
Vitebsk or Vitsyebsk is a city in north-eastern Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Vitebsk Region and Vitebsk District, though it is administratively separated from the district. As of 2025, it has 358,927 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth-largest city. It is served by Vitebsk Vostochny Airport and Vitebsk Air Base.
Axel Jansson
Carl Axel Jansson (24 April 1882 – 22 September 1909) was a Swedish sport shooter who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. In 1908, he won the silver medal in the team free rifle event. In the team military rifle event he finished fifth and in the 300 metre free rifle competition he finished seventh.

Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's military rifle, team
The  men's team military rifle, also referred to as the International, was one of 15 events on the Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme.  Teams consisted of six shooters, with each shooter firing 90 shots at targets at varying distances.  Fifteen shots were fired at each of six distances: 200, 500, 600, 800, 900, and 1000 yds 1,000 yards (910 m) (based on traditional military rifle range distances in English speaking countries).  A bulls-eye counted for five points, and thus the highest possible score for each shooter was 450 points, with the team maximum being 2700.

Each shooter was required to use his nation's official military rifle.