hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isaac Goldberg
Isaac Goldberg (1887 – July 14, 1938) was an American journalist, author, critic, translator, editor, publisher, and lecturer. Born in Boston to Jewish parents, he studied at Harvard University and received a BA degree in 1910, a MA degree in 1911 and a PhD in 1912. He traveled to Europe as a journalist during World War I writing for the Boston Evening Transcript.

He wrote biographies of H. L. Mencken, Havelock Ellis, W. S. Gilbert, Arthur Sullivan, and George Gershwin, books on theatrical and musical appreciation, books of Spanish-American Literature and contributed articles for many magazines. He also founded, published, and edited a monthly news magazine called Panorama.

He was fluent in Yiddish, Spanish, French, German, Italian, and Portuguese and translated a variety of literary works into English. He received a fellowship from the Guggenheim Foundation in 1932 to write a history of Spanish and Portuguese literature in the United States.

Havelock Ellis
Henry Havelock Ellis (2 February 1859 – 8 July 1939) was an English physician, eugenicist, writer, progressive intellectual and social reformer who studied human sexuality. He co-wrote the first medical textbook in English on homosexuality in 1897, and also published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations, as well as on transgender psychology. He developed the notions of narcissism and autoeroticism, later adopted by psychoanalysis.

Ellis was among the pioneering investigators of psychedelic drugs and the author of one of the first written reports to the public about an experience with mescaline, which he conducted on himself in 1896. He supported eugenics and served as one of 16 vice-presidents of the Eugenics Society from 1909 to 1912.
Celonis
Celonis SE is an American-German data processing company that offers software as a service (SaaS) to improve business processes. It is headquartered in Munich, Germany with a secondary headquarters New York, United States.

Greylock Partners
Greylock Partners is one of the oldest venture capital firms, founded in 1965, with committed capital of over $3.5 billion under management. The firm focuses on early-stage companies in consumer and enterprise software.
Jewish Center of Atlantic Beach
The Jewish Center of Atlantic Beach (JCAB) is a Modern Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on Nassau Avenue in Atlantic Beach, Nassau County, Long Island, New York, in the United States.

Founded in 1953, JCAB is the primary synagogue in the Atlantic Beach village, serving the local Jewish community of approximately 250 families.

Rabbi Samuel Klibanoff served as the Rabbi of the Congregation for eleven years, from 2004 until 2015. Following his departure, Rabbi Ari Perl assumed the role for three years. Currently, the congregation has a temporary rabbi, Rabbi Prus. During the summer months, Rabbi Simcha Willig, son of Rabbi Mordechai Willig, has served as a visiting rabbi. As of January 2024, the senior rabbi was Rabbi Elie Weinstock. He was supported by Rabbi Simcha Willig and Rabbi Saul Haimoff.

Atlantic Beach, New York
Atlantic Beach is a village located on the west end of the Long Beach Barrier Island in the Town of Hempstead, in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 1,707 at the time of the 2020 census.

The Incorporated Village of Atlantic Beach is located on Long Beach Barrier Island – one of the outer barrier islands – which it shares with Long Beach, East Atlantic Beach, Lido Beach, and Point Lookout. It is a suburb of New York City and shares a maritime border with Far Rockaway, Queens.

To the North, Atlantic Beach is bordered by Reynolds Channel and East Rockaway Inlet. Atlantic Beach is home to the oldest beach club in the United States, the Lawrence Beach Club.

During the summer months, the population swells by thousands as people flood the beaches and the summer residents move in. Atlantic Beach residents may obtain season passes and access the beaches through nine entrances. It has been described as the "Genuine 'Old New York' paradise".
France–Switzerland border
The France–Switzerland border  is 572 km (355 mi) long. Its current path is mostly the product of the Congress of Vienna of 1815, with the accession of Geneva, Neuchâtel and Valais to the Swiss Confederation, but it has since been modified in detail, the last time being in 2002. Although most of the border, marked with border stones, is unguarded, several checkpoints remain staffed, most notably on busy roads.

Léman Express
The Léman Express is an S-Bahn-style commuter rail network for the transborder agglomeration of Grand Genève (Greater Geneva) in west Switzerland and the French Alps (Haute-Savoie and Ain). Seven lines serve Swiss and French towns along 230 kilometres (140 mi) of railway.

At the heart of the Léman Express system is the CEVA (Cornavin‒Eaux-Vives‒Annemasse) rail project linking Eaux-Vives station with Cornavin station in Geneva. This line, largely underground, was opened on 15 December 2019. The Léman Express marked the start of direct services from Genève-Cornavin station to the French cities of Évian, Thonon, Annemasse and Annecy as well as the population of the Arve Valley up to Saint-Gervais-les-Bains.
Guljan (site)
Guljan.org (Russian: Гульжан) was a Kazakh news website. An opposition news source, it was owned by Gulzhan Yergaliyev. In July 2012, the website was reportedly subject to "massive hacking attacks over a week." It has since shut down.

Hacker
A hacker is a person skilled in information technology who achieves goals and solves problems by non-standard means. The term has become associated in popular culture with a security hacker – someone with knowledge of bugs or exploits to break into computer systems and access data which would otherwise be inaccessible to them. In a positive connotation, though, hacking can also be utilized by legitimate figures in legal situations. For example, law enforcement agencies sometimes use hacking techniques to collect evidence on criminals and other malicious actors. This could include using anonymity tools (such as a VPN or the dark web) to mask their identities online and pose as criminals.

Hacking can also have a broader sense of any roundabout solution to a problem, or programming and hardware development in general, and hacker culture has spread the term's broader usage to the general public even outside the profession or hobby of electronics (see life hack).
Smailholm Tower
Smailholm Tower is a peel tower at Smailholm, around five miles (8 km) west of Kelso in the Scottish Borders. Its dramatic situation, atop a crag of Lady Hill, commands wide views over the surrounding countryside. The tower is located at grid reference NT637346, just west of Sandyknowe farm, and is now a Scheduled Ancient Monument in the care of Historic Environment Scotland. In June 2007, it was awarded the maximum "five-star" status as a tourist attraction from VisitScotland, a rating bestowed on only eight other sites in Scotland.

Historic Environment Scotland
Historic Environment Scotland (HES) (Scottish Gaelic: Àrainneachd Eachdraidheil Alba) is an executive non-departmental public body responsible for investigating, caring for and promoting Scotland's historic environment. HES was formed in 2015 from the merger of government agency Historic Scotland with the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS).
Andres Põime
Andres Põime (born 10 August 1957, in Tallinn) is an Estonian architect.

From 1964 to 1975 Andres Põime studied in the 2nd Secondary School of Tallinn (today's Secondary Science School of Tallinn). From 1975 he studied in the State Art Institute of the Estonian SSR (today's Estonian Academy of Arts) in the department of architecture. He graduated from the institute in 1980.

From 1980 to 1990 Andres Põime worked in the state design bureau Eesti Kommunaalprojekt (Estonian Communal Project). From 1991 to present Andres Põime has worked in the architectural bureau Studio-3 OÜ.

Most notable works by Andres Põime are the restaurant Kadriorg, apartment buildings in Nõmme and Kuressaare and the spa-hotel in Narva-Jõesuu. In addition to new projects Andres Põime has done numerous notable reconstruction projects – the old airport of Tallinn, the Russian Gymnasium etc. Andres Põime is a member of the Union of Estonian Architects.

Union of Estonian Architects
Union of Estonian Architects (or Estonian Association of Architects, EAA; Estonian: Eesti Arhitektide Liit) organizes architects, landscape architects and architecture researchers.

EAA re-established 27 June 1989. EAA is a legal successor of Estonian Association of Architects, which was established on 8 October 1921.

Since 2010 the head of EAA is Peeter Pere.

Every year EAA gives out annual prize to Estonian architects or to Estonian architectural firms who have projected the most notable structure in the past year.

EAA publishes Newsletter of the Estonian Association of Architects. It is issued once or twice per year.
Leszko II
Leszko II (Leszek, Lestek, Lestko) was a legendary ruler of Poland, firstly mentioned by Wincenty Kadłubek in the Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae. Alleged progenitor of the Popielids dynasty. Father of Leszko III.

Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae
Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae, short name Chronica Polonorum, is a Latin history of Poland written by Wincenty Kadłubek between 1190 and 1208 CE. The work was probably commissioned by Casimir II of Poland. Consisting of four books, it describes Polish history.

Kadłubek included in his work many legendary and anachronistic events in an attempt to connect Polish history to antiquity, for example battles against  Julius Caesar or events from early medieval Poland (for example the story of Princess Wanda). Such practice was not uncommon among chronicles in the Middle Ages.

The first, second, and third books are composed as a classical dialogue, where the author positions himself as a witness of a conversation. The Chronica's use of this style is unique in medieval literature but was frequently used in antiquity.

From May 2024, the copy of the Chronicle from 15th century is presented at a permanent exhibition in the Palace of the Commonwealth.
Jen Gross
Jen Gross is a Democratic member of the Montana Senate, where she represents District 25. She was first elected in 2016. Gross was re-elected to the state senate in 2020.

Gross has worked as a community organizer and on political campaigns since 2008. She was the manager of field operations at Planned Parenthood of Montana when she was appointed as the replacement candidate for SD 25 in August 2016.

In December 2019, The Washington Post detailed how an editorial in the Billings Gazette against Medicare-for-all by Gross was drafted with the help of a lobbying group, Partnership for America's Health Care Future. Gross said she writes less than half of her op-eds.

Partnership for America's Health Care Future
Partnership for America's Health Care Future (PAHCF) is an alliance of American hospital, health insurance, and pharmaceutical lobbyists committed to preventing legislation that would lead to single-payer healthcare, expanding Medicare, or creating Medicare for All in particular.

It purports to support expansion of the Affordable Care Act.
Daju Mongo language
Daju Mongo, also Wadai Daju or Dar Daju Daju, is an Eastern Sudanic language, one of three closely related languages in the area called "Daju" (the other two being the Nyala language and the Sila language). It is spoken in Chad by the Dar Daju Daju people near the Darfur border. There are three dialects, Bardangal, Eref, and Gadjira.

Ouaddaï (region)
13°49′48″N 20°49′58″E﻿ / ﻿13.83°N 20.8328°E﻿ / 13.83; 20.8328

Ouaddaï or Wadai (Arabic: وداي) is a province of Chad,  located in the south-east of the country, with its capital at Abéché. Prior to 2002 it was known as Ouaddaï Prefecture; in 2008 the southern portions of Ouaddaï (the Sila Department and Djourf Al Ahmar Department) were split off to become the new Sila Region (also known as Dar Sila).
Mydukur
Mydukur, natively known as Mydukuru, is a Municipality in YSR Kadapa district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Mydukur mandal of Badvel revenue division. Mydukur is located on Main Junction of NH-40 and NH-67. It is a junction point for Kurnool, Kadapa, Proddatur, Markapur, and Nellore Highways.

Kadapa
Kadapa is a city in the southern part of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located in the Rayalaseema region, and is the district headquarters of YSR Kadapa district. It is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of the Penna River. The city is surrounded on three sides by the Nallamala and Palkonda Hills lying on the tectonic landscape between the Eastern and Western ghats. Black and red ferrous soils occupy the region. The city is nicknamed "Gadapa" ('threshold') since it is the gateway from the west to the hills of Tirumala.

Kadapa has been under different rulers in its history, including the Cholas, the Vijayanagara Empire and the Kingdom of Mysore.
St Mary's Church, Meare
The Church of St Mary in Meare, Somerset, England, was formerly in the keeping of Glastonbury Abbey, and dates from 1323. It was built for Abbot Adam of Sodbury, and is a Grade I listed building.

There is a legend that the church was built on the site of a cell of the monk Saint Beonna (also Benen or Beon), who was later confused with Benignus of Armagh, between the 5th and 9th centuries. His remains was moved to Glastonbury Abbey in 1091.

The current chancel and tower date from the building's construction in 1323 when it was consecrated by John Droxford, the Bishop of Bath and Wells. Around 1470 the nave was rebuilt by Abbot John Selwood and the work completed by Abbot Richard Beere. The church has a 15th-century stone pulpit, wooden chest from 1705 and candelabra from 1777. The tower holds a peal of six bells.

The parish is part of the benefice of Glastonbury St John the Baptist and St Benedict with Meare, which is part of the Glastonbury deanery.

Bishop of Bath and Wells
The bishop of Bath and Wells is the diocesean bishop of the diocese of Bath and Wells in the Church of England. The bishop's seat, or cathedra, is at the Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew in the city of Wells. The diocese covers most of Somerset and a small part of Dorset.

From 1090 until the Reformation the Abbey Church of St Peter and Paul in the city of Bath was also a cathedral of the diocese, and the double name has been retained. The bishop has the right, together with the bishop of Durham, to escort the sovereign at the coronation. The bishop's residence is the Bishop's Palace, Wells.
Mike Mahood
Michael Mahood (born November 11, 1975, in North Vancouver, British Columbia) is a retired field hockey goalkeeper from Canada, who earned his first international senior cap for the Men's National Team in 1995 against India in Italy.  He went on to appear in 196 international matches including two Olympic Games (Sydney 2000, Beijing 2008) and the 1998 World Cup in Utrecht, Holland.  In 1999 he was named to the World XI as part of the FIH 75th Anniversary celebrations in Alexandria, Egypt.

He attended Handsworth Secondary School.  In his retirement Mahood has become a men's tailor in Vancouver, BC.

North Vancouver (city)
The City of North Vancouver is a municipality city on the North Shore of the Burrard Inlet, in British Columbia, Canada. Anchored by the downtown town centre of Lonsdale, with which its urban core is largely synonymous, it consists of the smallest and most urbanized of the communities situated north of the city of Vancouver, and is part of the Metro Vancouver regional district, though it has significant industry of its own – including shipping, chemical production, and film production. The city is served by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, British Columbia Ambulance Service, and the North Vancouver City Fire Department.
Graingers, North Carolina
Graingers is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lenoir County, North Carolina, United States. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 229.

The community is in northeastern Lenoir County, along North Carolina Highway 11. It is 6 miles (10 km) northeast of Kinston, the county seat, and the same distance southwest of Grifton. North Carolina Highway 148, the C.F. Harvey Parkway, has its eastern terminus at NC-11 in the northeastern end of Graingers. The parkway serves as a northern and western bypass of Kinston, reaching U.S. Route 70 in 13 miles (21 km).

Grifton, North Carolina
Grifton is a town in Lenoir and Pitt counties, North Carolina, United States. The population was 2,448 at the 2020 census. The Pitt County portion of the town is a part of the Greenville Metropolitan Statistical Area located in North Carolina's Inner Banks region.
Underwood, Newport
Underwood is a settlement in the city of Newport, South East Wales. It is an early 1960s council housing estate that consists of houses, shops, a leisure centre, Baptist church and social club called "Iscoed Tavern" owned by the company red dragon pubs. There is a community centre which has a gym attached to it.
The leisure centre is now up for sale.

South East Wales
South East Wales is a loosely defined region of Wales generally corresponding to the preserved counties of Mid Glamorgan, South Glamorgan and Gwent. Highly urbanised, it includes the cities of Cardiff and Newport as well as large towns in the South Wales Valleys.
Elio Berhanyer
Elio Berenguer Úbeda, known as Elio Berhanyer (20 February 1929 – 24 January 2019) was a Spanish fashion designer who gained several prizes in his career. His designs were worn by actresses such as Ava Gardner and Cyd Charisse and royals like Queen Sofía and Infanta Pilar.

Cyd Charisse
Cyd Charisse (born Tula Ellice Finklea; March 8, 1922 – June 17, 2008) was an American dancer and actress.

After recovering from polio as a child and studying ballet, Charisse entered films in the 1940s. Her roles usually featured her abilities as a dancer, and she was often paired with Fred Astaire or Gene Kelly. Her films included Singin' in the Rain (1952), The Band Wagon (1953), Brigadoon (1954), and Silk Stockings (1957). She stopped dancing in films in the late 1950s but continued acting in film and television, and in 1991 she made her Broadway debut. In her later years she discussed the history of the Hollywood musical in documentaries and was featured in That's Entertainment! III in 1994. She was awarded the National Medal of the Arts and Humanities in 2006.
1994 IPB Czech Indoor
The 1994 IPB Czech Indoor was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the ČEZ Aréna in Ostrava in the Czech Republic and was part of the World Series of the 1994 ATP Tour. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and took place from 10 October until 16 October 1994. Fifth-seeded MaliVai Washington won the singles title.

Ostravar Aréna
OSTRAVAR Aréna (previously ČEZ Aréna, due to sponsorship reasons) is an indoor arena used mainly for ice hockey matches, in Vítkovice, Ostrava, Czech Republic. It opened in 1986, and underwent a € 23.3 million renovation between  2003 and 2004. The arena hosts home games of ice hockey club HC Vítkovice.

The capacity of the arena is 9,779, plus 16 skyboxes, making it the fourth-largest hockey venue in the Czech Republic. The rink can be converted into seating for concerts, increasing the capacity to 12,500.
San Diego Art Institute
The San Diego Art Institute was a contemporary art museum with a focus on artists from the Southern California and Baja Norte region. It was founded in 1941 as the San Diego Business Men's Art Club. Its name was changed in 1950 to the San Diego Art Institute. In 1953, women were admitted for membership. It officially became a nonprofit in 1963. The San Diego Art Institute in Balboa Park and Lux Art Institute in Encinitas merged in September 2021 to become the Institute of Contemporary Art, San Diego, with each museum continuing to operate at its respective site.

Encinitas, California
Encinitas is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. Located in Southern California, it is approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of San Diego, between Solana Beach and Carlsbad, and about 95 miles (153 km) south of Los Angeles. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a population of 62,007, up from 59,518 at the 2010 census.
Hübers
Hübers is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dirk Hubers (1913–2003), Dutch ceramist

Richard Hübers (born 1993), German fencer

Shayna Hubers (born 1991), American murderer

Timo Hübers (born 1996), German footballer

Dirk Hubers
Dirk Hubers (Amersfoort, 24 September 1913 – Guanajuato, 1 November 2003) was a Dutch ceramist, who lived and worked in Bergen, North Holland and starting in 1958 in the United States. Hubers is notated for being "one of the first to apply abstract graphic designs on his objects."
Rick McGraw
Richard Emmett McGraw Jr. (March 19, 1955 – November 1, 1985) was an American professional wrestler, best known for his appearances with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) under the ring name "Quickdraw" Rick McGraw from 1980 until his death in 1985. He also wrestled for the World Wrestling Association (WWA), where he won the WWA World Tag Team Championship with The Dream Machine as The New York Dolls, and Southeastern Championship Wrestling (SECW), where he won the NWA Alabama Heavyweight Championship.

World Wrestling Association (Indianapolis)
The World Wrestling Association was an Indianapolis-based professional wrestling promotion which was operated by Dick the Bruiser and his business partner Wilbur Snyder. It was affiliated with the larger American Wrestling Association and recognized its champions, along with its own and those of the Indianapolis-based Powerful Women of Wrestling. It ran from 1964 to 1989.
Central Guard Bureau
The Central Guard Bureau (CGB) of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party is the organization responsible for the protection of senior party members, their families, and important foreign dignitaries in the People's Republic of China. It has been widely called the CGB since the Cultural Revolution and is also the Ninth Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security.

The CGB selects and controls the bodyguards of protectees; bodyguards are typically trained by the People's Liberation Army (PLA). It effectively controls the Central Guard Regiment by having bureau deputy directors in leadership positions in the unit. The CGB is part of the internal security apparatus as protectees are constantly under surveillance by their bureau-selected bodyguards.

Law enforcement in China
Law enforcement in the People's Republic of China consists of an extensive public security system and a variety of enforcement procedures. Along with the courts and procuratorates, the country's judicial and public security agencies include the Ministry of Public Security (MPS) and the Ministry of State Security (MSS), with their descending hierarchy of departments, bureaus (局, "Jú"), subbureaus (副局, "Fù jú"), and stations (所, "Suǒ").

Hong Kong and Macau have separate law enforcement agencies, different legal systems, and are classified as separate jurisdictions under the one country, two systems framework. However, the Hong Kong Police Force (HKPF) and Public Security Police Force often cooperate with the mainland MPS on cases involving cross border crime.