hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Upper Class Twit of the Year
"Upper Class Twit of the Year" is a comedy sketch that was seen on the 1970 Monty Python's Flying Circus episode "The Naked Ant" (series 1, episode 12), and also in a modified format as the finale of the movie And Now for Something Completely Different. It is notable for its satire on dimwitted members of the English upper class. Its title is a reference to the Horse of the Year Show, because equestrianism is often regarded as an upper-class pursuit in the UK.

Horse of the Year Show
The Horse of the Year Show, also known as HOYS (pronounced /hɔɪz/), was founded to be a culmination of the British equestrian events year. The Show was the idea of Captain Tony Collings and was realised by the then-Chairman of the British Showjumping Association, Mike Ansell. As it was to be the end-of-season finale, the show needed to be held indoors, making it a unique event.
Tiberius Julius Cotys II
Cotys II or Kotys II (Greek: Τιβέριος Ἰούλιος Κότυς Β' Φιλοκαῖσαρ Φιλορωμαῖος Eὐσεβής, Tiberios Iulios Kotys Philocaesar Philoromaios Eusebes; fl. 2nd century – 131) was a prince and Roman client king of the Bosporan Kingdom. Like many other later Bosporan kings, Cotys II is known mainly from coinage, alongside a few inscriptions and contemporary writings. His coins are known from the period 123–131. Cotys II is known to have been the son of his predecessor Sauromates I. His relationship to later kings is not known for certain, but it is possible that his two immediate successors Rhoemetalces and Eupator were his sons.

During his reign, the city of Chersonesus Taurica was under his direct control. Cotys II is mentioned in the writings of the Roman Historian Arrian and was a contemporary to the rule of the Roman emperor Hadrian.

Arrian
Arrian of Nicomedia (/ˈæriən/; Greek: Ἀρριανός Arrianos; Latin: Lucius Flavius Arrianus; c. 86/89 – c. after 146/160 AD) was a Greek historian, public servant, military commander, and philosopher of the Roman period.

The Anabasis of Alexander by Arrian is considered the best source on the campaigns of Alexander the Great. Scholars have generally preferred Arrian to other extant primary sources, though this attitude has changed somewhat in light of modern studies into Arrian's method.
2024 BNP Paribas Primrose Bordeaux – Doubles
Lloyd Glasspool and Harri Heliövaara were the defending champions but only Glasspool chose to defend his title, partnering Jean-Julien Rojer. They retired from their first round match against Nicolás Barrientos and Francisco Cabral.

Julian Cash and Robert Galloway won the title after defeating Quentin Halys and Nicolas Mahut 6–3, 7–6(7–2) in the final.

Robert Galloway (tennis)
Robert Galloway (born September 24, 1992) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 25 achieved on February 10, 2025. He has won three ATP Tour doubles titles, two of them with Julian Cash.

His most notable result is a major quarterfinal at the 2023 US Open.
Kim Bo-mi
Kim Bo-mi (Korean: 김보미; born May 15, 1987) is a South Korean actress. Kim began studying ballet when she was 11 years old, and she later enrolled in Dance at Sejong University, with Ballet as her major subject. Then in 2008, she appeared in the cable show Star Replication Project 2%, which led to an exclusive contract with an entertainment agency. Kim made her acting debut that same year in Painter of the Wind, as the maid of a gisaeng. She has since appeared in supporting roles in films and television dramas, notably the blockbuster film Sunny (2011) and the popular drama My Love from the Star (2013).

Sunny (2011 film)
Sunny (Korean: 써니) is a 2011 South Korean comedy-drama film. The film is about a middle-aged woman who tries to fulfill her friend's dying wish of reuniting their group of high school friends. The film alternates between two timelines: the present day where the women are middle-aged, and the 1980s when they were in high school. It is the second film by writer-director Kang Hyeong-cheol, who previously directed Scandal Makers (2008).

Released on 4 May 2011, Sunny was the first film of that year to sell five million tickets in South Korea, and became the second highest-grossing South Korean film by the end of the year. As of 20 September 2012, it is the 13th best-selling film of all-time in South Korea. Kang Hyeong-cheol and Nam Na-yeong won Best Director and Best Editing, respectively, at the Grand Bell Awards. Actress Kang So-ra won several awards for her role as the teenage girl Ha Chun-hwa.
2020 Pac-12 Football Championship Game
The 2020 Pac-12 Football Championship Game (branded as the Pac-12 Football Championship Game presented by 76 for sponsorship reasons) was a college football game played on Friday, December 18, 2020, at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California, to determine the 2020 champion of the Pac-12 Conference. The game featured the North division's then second place Oregon and the South division champions USC, and is the conference's tenth championship game. Washington, the North division champion, was unable to participate due to having insufficient players available.

This game was originally to be held at Allegiant Stadium in Paradise, Nevada, as part of a new two-year deal. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the game was pulled from Las Vegas, and was instead hosted at the home stadium of USC.

76 (gas station)
76 (formerly and also known as  Union 76) is a chain of gas stations located within the United States. The 76 brand is owned by Phillips 66. Unocal, the original owner and creator of the 76 brand, merged with Chevron Corporation in 2005.
Sobaek Mountains
The Sobaek Mountains (Korean: 소백산맥, literally mean little Taebaek Mountains) are a mountain range cutting across the southern Korean peninsula. They split off from the Taebaek Mountains and trend southwest across the center of the peninsula. They are traditionally considered to reach their southwestern limit at Jirisan, which, at an elevation of 1,915 meters, is also the highest peak of the range. Other famous mountains in the range include Songni Mountain, Joryeong Mountain, Gaya Mountain, Worak Mountain, and Sobaek Mountain itself. The peaks of the Sobaek Mountains are generally well over 1,000 m above sea level.

The Sobaek Mountains form the southern half of the Baekdu-daegan, the symbolic "spine" of Korea. They mark the traditional border between the Honam and Yeongnam regions.

Honam
Honam (Korean pronunciation: [ho.nam]; literally "south of the lake") is a region coinciding with the former Jeolla Province in what is now South Korea. Today, the term refers to Gwangju, South Jeolla Province, Jeju Province and Jeonbuk State. The name "Jeonla-do" is used in the names of the Honam Line and Honam Expressway, which are major transportation corridors connecting Seoul and Daejeon to the Honam region. The name is often used to refer to people residing in the region. There is also Honam University, which is located in Gwangju, the biggest city in Honam.
Clara Chiano
Clara Chiano (September 19, 1921 – November 27, 2000) was an American infielder who played in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL). Listed at 5' 0", 108 lb., Chiano batted and threw right handed. She was born in Arnold, Pennsylvania.

The diminutive Clara Chiano played semiprofessional softball in Racine, Wisconsin and Boston in the early 1940s. She joined the league with the Racine Belles club in its 1944 season.

After baseball, Chiano worked as an associate for the electronics industry in Dorchester, Massachusetts. She retired in 1983 and moved to Orange City in Florida.

The AAGPBL folded in 1954, but there is a permanent display at the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum at Cooperstown, New York, since November 5, 1988, that honors the entire league rather than any individual figure.

Chiano was a long time resident of Orange City, Florida, where she died in 2000 at the age of 79.

All-American Girls Professional Baseball League
The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) was a professional women's baseball league founded by Philip K. Wrigley, which existed from 1943 to 1954. The AAGPBL is the forerunner of women's professional league sports in the United States.  Over 600 women played in the league, which eventually consisted of 10 teams located in the American Midwest. In 1948, league attendance peaked at over 900,000 spectators. The most successful team, the Rockford Peaches, won a league-best four championships.

The 1992 film A League of Their Own and the 2022 television show of the same name are mostly fictionalized accounts of the league and its stars. Sixty-five original AAGPBL members appeared in scenes for the movie filmed in October 1991 recreating the induction of the league into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1988.
Bonfire of the vanities
A bonfire of the vanities (Italian: falò delle vanità) is a burning of objects condemned by religious authorities as occasions of sin. The phrase itself usually refers to the bonfire of 7 February 1497, when supporters of the Dominican friar Girolamo Savonarola collected and burned thousands of objects such as cosmetics, art, and books in the public square of Florence, Italy, on the occasion of Shrove Tuesday, martedì grasso.

Francesco Guicciardini's The History of Florence gives a firsthand account of the 1497 Florentine bonfire of the vanities. The focus of this destruction was on objects that might tempt one to sin, including vanity items such as mirrors, cosmetics, fine dresses, playing cards, and musical instruments. Other targets included books that Savonarola deemed immoral, such as works by Boccaccio, manuscripts of secular songs, and artworks, including paintings and sculptures.

Occasion of sin
In Christian hamartiology, occasions of sin are "external circumstances—whether of things or persons—that either, due to their special nature or because of the frailty common to humanity or particular to some individual, incite or entice one to sin." This Christian theological concept is taught in the Roman Catholic, Lutheran, and Reformed traditions.
Kevin Narce Vivero
Kevin Narce B. Vivero (born January 2, 1960) is a Filipino lawyer and jurist who currently serves as the 68th Associate Justice of the Sandiganbayan. He was appointed by President Rodrigo Duterte on November 28, 2017, filling the vacancy left by Associate Justice Samuel Martires, who was appointed to the Supreme Court of the Philippines in March 2017.

Sandiganbayan
The Sandiganbayan (lit. 'Support of the nation') is a special appellate collegial court in the Philippines that has jurisdiction over criminal and civil cases involving graft and corrupt practices and other offenses committed by public officers and employees with a salary grade 27 and up, including those in government-owned and controlled corporations. The special court was established by Presidential Decree No. 1486. It was subsequently modified by Presidential Decree No. 1606 and by Republic Acts  7975, 8249 and 10660. It is equal in rank to the Court of Appeals, and consists of fourteen Associate Justices and one Presiding Justice. The Office of the Ombudsman owns exclusive authority to bring cases to the Sandiganbayan.

The Sandiganbayan is housed in the Centennial Building, Commonwealth Avenue, National Government Center, Diliman, Quezon City.
Peter III of Arborea
Peter III (c. 1314 –1347) of the Cappai de Bas family, was the Judge of Arborea, reigning from 1335 CE until his death in 1347 CE. He was the firstborn son and successor of Hugh II assumed the throne on his father's death.

Peter married Constance (died 18 February 1348), daughter of Thomas II of Saluzzo, towards 1326. He reigned in the shadow of his chancellor, Guido Cattaneo, Archbishop of Arborea, and the doctor of civil and penal law, Filippo Mameli, a canon of Tramatza.

When Alfonso died in 1336, Peter's brother Marianus paid homage to Peter IV of Aragon on his behalf. On 22 September 1343, he obtained from Pope Clement VI permission to found a monastery of the Clarisse.

Pope Clement VI
Pope Clement VI (Latin: Clemens VI; 1291 – 6 December 1352), born Pierre Roger, was head of the Catholic Church from 7 May 1342 to his death, in December 1352. He was the fourth Avignon pope. Clement reigned during the first visitation of the Black Death (1348–1350), during which he granted remission of sins to all who died of the plague.

Roger steadfastly resisted temporal encroachments on the Church's ecclesiastical jurisdiction, and, as pope Clement VI, entrenched French dominance of the Church and opened its coffers to enhance the regal splendour of the Papacy. He recruited composers and music theorists for his court, including figures associated with the then-innovative Ars Nova style of France and the Low Countries.
Edward T. Fairchild (judge)
Edward Thomas Fairchild (June 17, 1872 – October 29, 1965) was an American jurist and legislator from Milwaukee, Wisconsin.  He was the 15th chief justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court; he served on the Court for 27 years, from 1930 to 1957.  Before that, he served 14 years as a Wisconsin circuit court judge in Milwaukee County.  He also represented central Milwaukee County for six years as a Republican in the Wisconsin Senate.  His son, Thomas E. Fairchild, was also a justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court and a judge of the U.S. 7th Circuit Court of Appeals.

Wisconsin Supreme Court
The Wisconsin Supreme Court is the highest and final court of appeals in the state judicial system of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. In addition to hearing appeals of lower Wisconsin court decisions, the Wisconsin Supreme Court also has the option to take original jurisdiction of cases, and serves as a regulator and administrator of judicial conduct and the practice of law in Wisconsin.

Justices on the Wisconsin Supreme Court are elected. The two most recent elections (2023 and 2025) received national attention. They both broke records for the most expensive judicial elections in U.S. history.
Iraqi–Kurdish Autonomy Agreement of 1970
Iraqi–Kurdish Autonomy Agreement of 1970 (or the Iraqi–Kurdish peace talks or the 1970 Peace Accord) was an agreement, which the Iraqi government and the leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Mustafa Barzani reached on March 11, 1970 in the aftermath of the First Iraqi–Kurdish War. It stipulated the creation of an Autonomous Region, consisting of the three Kurdish governorates and other adjacent districts that have been determined by census to have a Kurdish majority. The plan also gave Kurds representation in government bodies, to be implemented in four years. For its time it was the most serious attempt to resolve the long-running Iraqi–Kurdish conflict.

Despite this, the Iraqi government embarked on an Arabization program in the oil rich regions of Kirkuk and Khanaqin during the same period. Eventually, the peace plan for the Kurdish autonomy failed; re-erupting into the Second Iraqi–Kurdish War in 1974, thus escalating the Kurdish–Iraqi conflict.

Khanaqin
Khanaqin (Arabic: خانقين; Kurdish: خانەقین, romanized: Xaneqîn) is the central city of Khanaqin District in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, near the Iranian border (8 km) on the Alwand tributary of the Diyala River. The town is populated by Kurds who speak the Southern Kurdish dialect. Khanaqin is situated on the main road which Shia pilgrims use when visiting holy Islamic cities. The city is rich in oil, and the first Iraqi oil refinery and oil pipeline was built nearby in 1927. The main tribes of Khanaqin include Kalhor, Feyli, Zand, Malekshahi Suramiri, Arkavazi and Zangana.

The city experienced Arabization during the Saddam era, but this has been substantially reversed after the fall of the regime in 2003 and remains disputed.
Šuoikkatjávri
Šuoikkátjávri (Northern Sami) or Hyttysenjärvi  (Kven) is a lake in Northern Norway. The 6.44-square-kilometre (2.49 sq mi) lake lies in Kvænangen Municipality in Troms county (and the far southern tip of the lake sometimes crosses over slightly into Kautokeino Municipality in Finnmark county. The somewhat S-shaped lake is about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) long and is only about 900 metres (3,000 ft) wide. It serves as the reservoir for the Cårrujavrit Hydroelectric Power Station.

Troms
Troms (Norwegian: [trʊms] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Romsa; Kven: Tromssa; Finnish: Tromssa) is a  county in northern Norway. It borders Finnmark county to the northeast and Nordland county in the southwest. Norrbotten Län in Sweden is located to the south and further southeast is a shorter border with Lapland Province in Finland. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean). The county had a population of 169,610 in 2024.

The entire county, which was established in 1866, is located north of the Arctic Circle. The Troms County Municipality is the governing body for the county, elected by the people of Troms, while the Troms county governor is a representative of the King and Government of Norway.

From January 2020 to December 2023, Troms was merged with the neighboring Finnmark county to create the new Troms og Finnmark county. This merger was reversed by the government resulting from the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election.
Ducat (surname)
Ducat is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andy Ducat (1886–1942), British cricketer and professional footballer

Arthur Ducat (1830–1896), American Union Army officer and businessman

Benedicto Ducat (born 1957), Filipino impressionist painter

Robert Ducat (born 1969), American Christian music artist

William Ducat (1847–1922), British archdeacon

Benedicto Ducat
Benedicto “Bong” Ducat (born May 6, 1957) is a Filipino impressionist painter. He is now teaching at the University of Santo Tomas College of Fine Arts and Design. He is noted for his renderings of plants, flowers and nature in droplet-like brush strokes and bright colors. In college, Ducat won the University of Santo Tomas Benavides Civic Award.
Šváb
Šváb (feminine: Švábová) is a Czech and Slovak surname. Sváb is a Hungarian surname. Both are meaning 'Swabian' (inhabitant of Swabia) and are counterparts of the German surname Schwab. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonín Šváb Jr. (born 1974), Czech speedway rider

Antonín Šváb Sr. (1932–2014), Czech speedway rider

Dániel Sváb (born 1990), Hungarian footballer

Eugen Šváb (1936–2024), Slovak musician

Filip Šváb (born 1983), Czech poet

Josef Šváb (born 1933), Czech sports shooter

Oldřich Šváb (1944–2020), Czech-Swiss football coach

Swabia
Swabia is a cultural, historical and linguistic region in southwestern Germany. The name is ultimately derived from the medieval Duchy of Swabia, one of the German stem duchies, representing the historic settlement area of the  Germanic tribe alliances named Alemanni and Suebi.

This territory would include all of the Alemannic German area, but the modern concept of Swabia is more restricted, due to the collapse of the duchy of Swabia in the thirteenth century. Swabia as understood in modern ethnography roughly coincides with the Swabian Circle of the Holy Roman Empire as it stood during the early modern period, now divided between the states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg.

Swabians (Schwaben, singular Schwabe) are the natives of Swabia and speakers of Swabian German. Their number was estimated at close to 800,000 by SIL Ethnologue as of 2006, out of a total population of 7.5 million in the regions of Tübingen, Stuttgart and Bavarian Swabia.
November 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
November 3 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - November 5

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on November 17 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For November 4th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on October 22.

Foolishness for Christ
Foolishness for Christ (Greek: διά Χριστόν σαλότητα; Church Slavonic: оуродъ, юродъ) refers to behavior such as giving up all one's worldly possessions upon joining an ascetic order or religious life, or deliberately flouting society's conventions to serve a religious purpose—particularly of Christianity. Such individuals have historically been known as both "holy fools" and "blessed fools". The term "fool" connotes what is perceived as feeblemindedness, and "blessed" or "holy" refers to innocence in the eyes of God.

The term fools for Christ derives from the writings of Paul the Apostle. Desert Fathers and other saints acted the part of Holy Fools, as have the yurodivy (or iurodstvo) of Eastern Orthodox asceticism. Fools for Christ often employ shocking and unconventional behavior to challenge accepted norms, deliver prophecies, or to mask their piety.
Charles Edward Jones
Charles Edward Jones (November 8, 1952 – September 11, 2001) was a United States Air Force officer, an aeronautical engineer, computer programmer, and an astronaut in the USAF Manned Spaceflight Engineer Program. He was killed during the September 11 attacks, aboard American Airlines Flight 11.

Programmer
A programmer, computer programmer or coder is an author of computer source code – someone with skill in computer programming.
The professional titles software developer and software engineer may be used for jobs that require a programmer.
Battle of Nieuwpoort
The Battle of Nieuwpoort (also known as the Battle of the Dunes) was fought on 2 July 1600 during the Eighty Years War and the Anglo-Spanish war in the dunes near Nieuwpoort. A Dutch army met a Spanish force head-on which, although their left flank nearly broke, were able to assail them with both infantry and cavalry. The Spanish gradually scattered in all directions and left their guns on the field.

Cuirassier
A cuirassier (/ˌkwɪrəˈsɪər/ KWIRR-ə-SEER; French: [kɥiʁasje]; French for 'one wearing a cuirass') was a cavalryman equipped with a cuirass, sword, and pistols. Cuirassiers first appeared in mid-to-late 16th century Europe as a result of armoured cavalry such as men-at-arms and demi-lancers discarding their lances and adopting pistols as their primary weapon. In the later part of the 17th century, the cuirassier lost his limb armour and subsequently wore only the cuirass (breastplate and backplate), and sometimes a helmet. By this time, the sword or sabre had become his primary weapon, with pistols relegated to a secondary function.

Cuirassiers achieved increased prominence during the Napoleonic Wars and were last fielded in the opening stages of World War I (1914–1918). A number of countries continue to use cuirassiers as ceremonial troops.

The French term cuirassier means "one with a cuirass" (French: cuirasse), the breastplate armour which they wore.
Ala Hlehel
Ala Hlehel (Arabic: علاء حليحل; born 1974) is a Palestinian writer. He was born in Jish in Galilee, northern Israel. He studied at the University of Haifa and went on to work in both print and broadcast media in Haifa.

Trained as a scriptwriter in Tel Aviv, he has written stage plays and scripts for both film and television. He has presented his work at prestigious theatres such as the Royal Court Theatre in London and the Schaubühne in Berlin.

Hlehel has also published novels and short stories in the humorously realistic tradition of Palestinian literature. His stories have appeared in venues such as Banipal and World Literature Today. His novels include Au revoir Acre and the award-winning Al-Sirk.

He lives in Acre in northern Israel.

Palestinian literature
Palestinian literature refers to the Arabic language novels, short stories and poems produced by Palestinians. Forming part of the broader genre of Arabic literature, contemporary Palestinian literature is often characterized by its heightened sense of irony and the exploration of existential themes and issues of identity. References to the subjects of resistance to occupation, exile, loss, and love and longing for homeland are also common. In more recent years, self-identified Palestinians from Israel have published works in Hebrew.