hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brad Abraham
Brad Abraham is a Canadian-born screenwriter, author, journalist, producer, and comic book creator. His past film and television work include Stonehenge Apocalypse, Robocop: Prime Directives, I Love Mummy, Fresh Meat, and the National Film Board of Canada-produced Hoverboy. He was also an uncredited writer on the remake of the 1970s slasher classic Black Christmas. He is also the creator and writer of Space Goat Productions acclaimed comic book series Mixtape, and author of the novel Magicians Impossible (2017).

Fresh Meat (film)
Fresh Meat is a 2012 New Zealand horror comedy film about a modern-day family of Māori who are taken hostage by a gang of criminals. It stars Temuera Morrison and Kate Elliot. It is Danny Mulheron's directorial debut. The film had its world premiere at the 32nd Hawaii International Film Festival on 15 October 2012. It had its New Zealand premiere on 25 October.
Fresh Eyes
"Fresh Eyes" is a song from American musician Andy Grammer, serving as the lead single from his third studio album The Good Parts. It was made available for digital download on July 29, 2016, through S-Curve Records. Grammer co-wrote the song with Ross Golan and Ian Kirkpatrick.

The song is a charity single with all proceeds going to the Union Rescue Mission in Los Angeles, a private Christian homeless shelter in downtown Los Angeles's Skid Row.

Skid Row, Los Angeles
Skid Row is the unofficial name for a neighborhood in Downtown Los Angeles officially known as Central City East.

Skid Row contains one of the largest stable populations of homeless people in the United States, estimated at over 4,400, and has been known for its condensed homeless population since at least the 1930s. Its long history of police raids, targeted city initiatives, and homelessness advocacy make it one of the most notable districts in Los Angeles.

Covering 50 city blocks immediately east of downtown Los Angeles, Skid Row is bordered by Third Street to the north, Seventh Street to the south, Alameda Street to the east, and Main Street to the west.
Manouchehr Khosrodad
Manouchehr Khosrodad (Persian: منوچهر خسروداد; 1927 – 15 February 1979) was an Iranian military major general. He was a loyal supporter of the Shah, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, the final monarch of Iran who ruled from 1941 to 1979. He was executed following the Iranian Revolution of 1979. Khosrodad was a helicopter pilot, Head of the Equestrian Federation of Iran and a champion in horseback and also enjoyed skiing. Khosrodad was the founder and the first commander of 65th Airborne Special Forces Brigade.
He had studied at American Defense Academy and the French military school, Saint Cyr, and Switzerland. He spoke English and French. Before the fall of the government in the Iranian Revolution, he believed that religion should not be involved in politics.

Shah
Shāh (/ʃɑː/; Persian: شاه [ˈʃaːɦ] ⓘ) is a royal title meaning 'king' in Persian. Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Khanate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, and various Afghan dynasties, as well as among Gurkhas. With regard to Iranian history, in particular, each ruling monarch was not seen simply as the head of the concurrent dynasty and state, but as the successor to a long line of royalty beginning with the original Persian Empire of Cyrus the Great. To this end, he was more emphatically known as the Shāhanshāh (شاهنشاه, šāhanšāh, 'king of kings' [ˌʃaːhanˈʃaːɦ]), since the Achaemenid dynasty. A roughly equivalent title is Pādishāh (پادشاه, pādišāh, pādšāh, 'master king'), which was most widespread during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Rachel Dübendorfer
Rachel Dübendorfer (née Hepner; 18 July 1900 – 3 March 1973) was an anti-Nazi resistance fighter. During the Second World War, her codename was Sissy, and she was in a section of the Red Three Swiss resistance movement.

Resistance movement
A resistance movement is an organized group of people that tries to resist or try to overthrow a government or an occupying power, causing disruption and unrest in civil order and stability. Such a movement may seek to achieve its goals through either the use of violent or nonviolent resistance (sometimes called civil resistance), or the use of force, whether armed or unarmed. In multiple cases, as for example in the United States during the American Revolution, or in Norway in the Second World War, a resistance movement may employ both violent and non-violent methods, usually operating under different organizations and acting in different phases or geographical areas within a country.
Lifestyle photography
Lifestyle photography is a genre of photography that mainly aims to capture portraits of people in situations, real-life events, or milestones in an artistic manner. The primary goal is to tell stories about people's lives or to inspire people at different times. Thus, it covers multidisciplinary types of photography together.

Even though lifestyle photography is about telling a story and documenting the subject's natural environment, lighting and posing still plays a huge factor. Lifestyle photography is "posed" in an informal way such that the photographer gives some prompts and then documents the natural responses and candid moments that follow. Most lifestyle photographers prefer to position their subjects strategically in natural lighting for a “real-life” effect, but some often use external lighting as well in a manner that looks as if it is pre-existing in the environment.

Lighting
Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to achieve practical or aesthetic effects. Lighting includes the use of both artificial light sources like lamps and light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by capturing daylight. Daylighting (using windows, skylights, or light shelves) is sometimes used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings. This can save energy in place of using artificial lighting, which represents a major component of energy consumption in buildings. Proper lighting can enhance task performance, improve the appearance of an area, or have positive psychological effects on occupants.

Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design. Lighting can also be an intrinsic component of landscape projects.
The Beetle (novel)
The Beetle (or The Beetle: A Mystery) is an 1897 fin de siècle Gothic horror novel by British writer Richard Marsh, in which a shape-shifting ancient Egyptian entity seeks revenge on a British member of Parliament. The novel initially sold more copies than Bram Stoker's Dracula, a similar supernatural horror story published in the same year.

Shapeshifting
In mythology, folklore and speculative fiction, shapeshifting is the ability to physically transform oneself through unnatural means. The idea of shapeshifting is found in the oldest forms of totemism and shamanism, as well as the oldest existent literature and epic poems such as the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Iliad. The concept remains a common literary device in modern fantasy, children's literature and popular culture. Examples of shape-shifters include changelings, jinns, kitsune, vampires, and werewolves, along with deities such as Loki and Vertumnus.
Tallinn Secondary School of Science
Tallinn Secondary School of Science (Estonian: Tallinna Reaalkool) is a gymnasium in Tallinn, Estonia.

The school is a member of the G5 Union of Schools which comprises what some call the "elite Tallinn city centre schools": Tallinn English College, Tallinn French School, Gustav Adolf Grammar School, Tallinn School No. 21.

Estonian War of Independence
The Estonian War of Independence, also known as the Estonian Liberation War, and War of Freedom  in Estonia, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, against the Soviet Russian westward offensive of 1918–1919 and the 1919 aggression of the pro–German Baltische Landeswehr. The campaign was the struggle of the newly established democratic state of Estonia for independence in the aftermath of World War I. It resulted in a victory for Estonia and was concluded in the 1920 Treaty of Tartu.
Hōfu
Hōfu (防府市, Hōfu-shi) is a city located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 May 2023, the city had an estimated population of 114,846 and a population density of 610 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 92.13 square kilometres (35.57 sq mi).

Yamaguchi Prefecture
Yamaguchi Prefecture (山口県, Yamaguchi-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Yamaguchi Prefecture has a population of 1,377,631 (1 February 2018) and has a geographic area of 6,112 km2 (2,359 sq mi). Yamaguchi Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the north and Hiroshima Prefecture to the northeast.

Yamaguchi is the capital and Shimonoseki is the largest city of Yamaguchi Prefecture, with other major cities including Ube, Shūnan, and Iwakuni. Yamaguchi Prefecture is located at the western tip of Honshu with coastlines on the Sea of Japan and Seto Inland Sea, and separated from the island of Kyushu by the Kanmon Straits.
Julio Luna
Julio César Luna Fermín (born January 7, 1973, in Maturín, Monagas) is a male weightlifter from Venezuela. He competed in four consecutive Summer Olympics for his native South American country during his career, starting in 1992. Luña carried the flag for Venezuela at the opening ceremony of the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.

Maturín
Maturín (Spanish pronunciation: [matuˈɾin]) is a city in Venezuela, the capital of the Venezuelan state of Monagas and a centre for instrumental exploration and development of the petroleum industry in Venezuela. The metropolitan area of Maturín has a population of 401,384 inhabitants. Maturín is also a busy regional transportation hub, connecting routes from the northeastern coast to the Orinoco Delta and the Gran Sabana.
Hassan Ali Mirza
Nawab Sir Sayyid Hassan Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur GCIE (Bengali: হাসান আলী মির্জা; 25 August 1846 – 25 December 1906) was the eldest son of  Mansur Ali Khan, the last Nawab of Bengal. He succeeded his father, Mansur Ali Khan, as the first Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad as the title of Nawab Nazim of Bengal was abolished in 1880. His installation ceremony was performed in the Throne Room of Hazarduari Palace on 27 March 1883 by Sir Rivers Thompson, the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal. The sanad conferring the hereditary title of Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad was however dated 17 February 1882. At his death in 1906, he was succeeded by his son, Wasif Ali Mirza.

Rivers Thompson
Sir Augustus Rivers Thompson KCSI CIE (12 September 1829 – 27 November 1890) was a British colonial administrator who served as Chief Commissioner of the British Crown Colony of Burma from April 1875 to March 1878. He was Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal between 1882 and 1887.

Thompson was appointed a CSI in 1877, a CIE in 1883 and knighted with the KCSI in 1885.

He was president of the executive committee of the Calcutta International Exhibition (1883-1884). He established the R.T. Girls' High School in Suri, Birbhum.

He died of pneumonia in Gibraltar.
Poznań Garbary railway station
Poznań Garbary railway station is a railway station serving the Garbary area in the city of Poznań, in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland. The station is located on the Warsaw–Kunowice railway, Poznań–Skandawa railway and Poznań–Bydgoszcz railway. The train services are operated by Przewozy Regionalne and Koleje Wielkopolskie.

Poznań–Skandawa railway
The Poznań–Skandawa railway is a 389-kilometre-long (242 mi) railway line in Poland. It connects Poznań with Inowrocław, Toruń,  and Olsztyn, then continues to the Polish-Russian border at Skandawa, Kaliningrad Oblast.
Benjamin Van Blarcom
Benjamin Weatherspoon Van Blarcom (April 4, 1823 – c. 1901) was a manufacturer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Digby County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1878 to 1882.

He was born in Granville, Nova Scotia, the son of Martin Van Blarcom and Sarah Leonard. Van Blarcom married Catherine Nickerson. He was involved in the production of shingles. Van Blarcom served as a justice of the peace. He was sheriff for Digby County from 1882 to 1886. He lived in Brighton.

Roof shingle
A roof’s shingles are a  roof covering consisting of individual overlapping elements. These elements are typically flat, rectangular shapes laid in courses from the bottom edge of the roof up, with each successive course overlapping the joints below. Shingles are held by the roof rafters and are made of various materials such as wood, slate, flagstone, metal, plastic, and composite materials such as fibre cement and asphalt shingles. Ceramic roof tiles, which still dominate in Europe and some parts of Asia, are still usually called tiles.  Roof shingles  may deteriorate faster and need to repel more water than wall shingles. They are a very common roofing material in the United States.
Muslim Mujahid Colony
Muslim Mujahid Colony (Urdu: مسلم مجاہد کالونی) is a neighbourhood in the Karachi West district of Karachi, Pakistan, that previously was a part of Baldia Town until 2011.

There are several ethnic groups in Muslim Mujahid Colony including Muhajirs, Christians, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Brahuis,
Memons, Bohras and Ismailis.

Muhajir (Pakistan)
The Muhajir people (also spelled Mohajir and Mahajir) (Urdu: مہاجر) are a multi-origin ethnic group of Pakistan. They are the Muslim immigrants, of various ethnic groups and regional origins, who migrated from various regions of India after the 1947 independence to settle in the newly independent state of Pakistan, and their descendants.
Muhajirs come from various ethnic and regional backgrounds, with a significant portion of the community residing in Karachi and other major urban centers of Pakistan.

The total population of Muhajrs worldwide is estimated to be around 15 million, and the overwhelming majority of this figure (14.7 million) is located in Pakistan, according to the 2017 Pakistani census. Though the official controversial 2017 census of Karachi, which has historically hosted the country's largest Muhajir population, has been challenged by most of Sindh's political parties.
Craven Group
The Craven  Group is a lithostratigraphical term referring to the succession of mudstone and limestone rock strata which occur in certain parts of northern and central England and northeast Wales in the United Kingdom within the Chadian to Yeadonian sub-Stages of the Carboniferous Period. Other lithologies including sandstones, siltstones and chert occur within the group. The Group is subdivided into numerous formations, some of which previously enjoyed group status. In stratigraphic order (uppermost/youngest at top), these are:

Bowland Shale Formation (mudstone and siltstone)

Pendleside Limestone Formation (interbedded limestone and mudstone, conglomerate)

Hodderense Limestone Formation

Hodder Mudstone Formation (limestone and mudstone)

The Craven Group unconformably overlies the Bowland High Group and elsewhere the Clwyd Limestone Group. It is succeeded (overlain) by the Millstone Grit Group

Siltstone
Siltstone, also known as aleurolite, is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of silt. It is a form of mudrock with a low clay mineral content, which can be distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

Although its permeability and porosity is relatively low, siltstone is sometimes a tight gas reservoir rock, an unconventional reservoir for natural gas that requires hydraulic fracturing for production to be economical.

Siltstone was prized in ancient Egypt for manufacturing statuary and cosmetic palettes. The siltstone quarried at Wadi Hammamat was a hard, fine-grained siltstone that resisted flaking and was almost ideal for such uses.
German submarine U-56 (1938)
German submarine U-56 was a Type IIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that served in the Second World War. She was built by Deutsche Werke, Kiel as yard number 255. Ordered on 17 June 1937, she was laid down on 21 September, launched on 3 September 1938 and commissioned on 26 November under the command of Kapitänleutnant Wilhelm Zahn.

U-56 was initially assigned to the 5th U-boat Flotilla during her training period, until 31 December 1939, when she was reassigned to the 1st U-boat Flotilla for operations. She carried out twelve war patrols, sinking three ships for a total 8,860 gross register tons (GRT) and one auxiliary warship of 16,923 GRT; she also damaged one vessel of 3,829 GRT.

5th U-boat Flotilla
The 5th U-boat Flotilla (German 5. Unterseebootsflottille), also known as Emsmann Flotilla, was a U-boat flotilla of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The flotilla was formed in December 1938 in Kiel under the command of Korvettenkapitän Hans-Rudolf Rösing. It was named in honour of Oberleutnant zur See Hans Joachim Emsmann, a U-boat commander during World War I, who died on 28 October 1918 after his U-boat UB-116 was sunk by a mine. The flotilla was disbanded in January 1940 and the boats were all transferred to 1st Flotilla.

The flotilla was re-formed as "5th U-boat Flotilla" in June 1941 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Karl-Heinz Moehle as a training flotilla with her base in Kiel. In 1946 Moehle was sentenced to five years in prison, after being found guilty of passing the Laconia Order to new U-boat commanders before they went out on patrol. He was released in November 1949.
Joanikije Martinović
Joanikije Martinović. (Serbian Cyrillic: Јоаникије Мартиновић) was a 17th-century bishop of the Serbian Orthodox Church of Aradsko-jenopoljska eparhija (Archdiocese of Arad and Jenopolje) from 1710 to 1721, now defunct. Between 1695 and 1865, the bishops in Arad were under the Serbian jurisdiction of the Metropolitanate of Karlovci.

In 1713, Bishop Joanikije Martinović was forced under pressure by the Austrian Roman Catholic authorities to accept the union, but he did it only pro forma, though without ever fulfilling the requirements demanded. His greatest rival at the time, Jovan Tekelija, who openly accused him of helping to spread the union in the Arad bishopric.

There is a plaque at the door of the Serbian Orthodox Church of Saints Peter and Paul in Arad inscribed: "Bishop Joanikije Martinović died on 24 October 1720, and Sofronije Podgoričanin also died in 1726"

Ineu
Ineu (Romanian pronunciation: [iˈnew]; Hungarian: Borosjenő) is a town in Arad County, western Transylvania, Romania. It is situated at a distance of 57 km (35 mi) from the county capital, Arad, and occupies a 116.6 km2 (45.0 sq mi) surface at the contact point of Crișul Alb Basin and Crișurilor Plateau. Ineu is the main entrance gate into the Zărand Land (Țara Zarandului). The town administers one village, Mocrea (Apatelek).

Ineu was first attested in documents in 1214 under the name "Villa Ieneu". It was a sanjak centre in the Temeşvar and Varat eyalets and it was known as "Yanova" during the Ottoman rule between 1564 and 1595 and again between 1658 and 1693.
Jeffrey J. Byrd
Jeffrey J. Byrd is one of the contributing writers for The Complete Idiot's Guide to Microbiology. He was a commissioner for the Middle States Commission on Higher Education and was the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Microbiology and Biology Education, formerly called Microbiology Education and published by the American Society for Microbiology. He is a professor emeritus of Biology at St. Mary's College of Maryland.

American Society for Microbiology
The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), originally the Society of American Bacteriologists, is a professional organization for scientists who study viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa as well as other aspects of microbiology. It was founded in 1899. The Society publishes a variety of scientific journals, textbooks, and other educational materials related to microbiology and infectious diseases. ASM organizes annual meetings, as well as workshops and professional development opportunities for its members.
Wayne Daniel
Wayne Wendell Daniel (born 16 January 1956) is a former cricketer, who played as a right arm fast bowler. Daniel featured for the West Indies, Middlesex, Barbados and Western Australia in his cricketing career. He was the first person to hit a six and take a wicket on the last ball of his test career. He was a part of the West Indian squad which finished as runners-up at the 1983 Cricket World Cup.

1983 Cricket World Cup final
The final of the 1983 Cricket World Cup was played between India and the West Indies at Lord's, London on 25 June 1983. This was the third consecutive World Cup final appearance for the West Indies, having won the last two Cricket World Cups. India, playing in their first final, defeated the West Indies to claim their first World Cup title. Mohinder Amarnath was awarded with the man of the match award for scoring 26 runs and taking 3 wickets.
Ljubija, Mozirje
Ljubija (pronounced [ljuˈbiːja]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Mozirje in northern Slovenia. It lies on the left bank of the Savinja River east of Mozirje itself. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

The local church is dedicated to Saint Nicholas and belongs to the parish of Mozirje. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1241. It was extended in 1582 and again in the 19th century.

Municipality of Mozirje
The Municipality of Mozirje (pronounced [mɔˈziːɾjɛ]; Slovene: Občina Mozirje) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Mozirje. Mozirje became a municipality in 1994.
Muha Vas
Muha Vas (pronounced [ˈmuːxa ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Muha vas, in older sources also Gorenja Turkova Draga; German: Oberfliegendorf; Gottscheerish: Wliəgndoarf) is a village in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It no longer has any permanent residents.

Municipality of Kočevje
The Municipality of Kočevje (pronounced [kɔˈtʃeːwjɛ]; Slovene: Občina Kočevje) is a municipality in southern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the city of Kočevje. Today it is part of the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. In terms of area, it is the largest municipality in Slovenia. It borders Croatia.
Duke of Tarifa
Duke of Tarifa (Spanish: Duque de Tarifa), is an hereditary title in the peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee. It was granted to Ángela Maria Apolonia Pérez de Barradas y Bernuy on 28 June 1886 by king Alfonso XII. The tile was originally granted as "Duke of Denia and Tarifa" (duque de Denia y Tarifa) but was separated into two different titles on 22 December 1886 by the Queen Regent, Maria Christina of Austria.

Alfonso XII
Alfonso XII (Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo de Borbón y Borbón; 28 November 1857 – 25 November 1885), also known as El Pacificador (Spanish: the Peacemaker), was King of Spain from 29 December 1874 to his death in 1885.

After the Glorious Revolution of 1868 deposed his mother Isabella II from the throne, Alfonso studied in Austria and France. His mother abdicated in his favour in 1870, and he returned to Spain as king in 1874 following a military coup against the First Spanish Republic. Alfonso died aged 27 in 1885, leaving his pregnant widow, Maria Christina of Austria, as regent of Spain. Their son, Alfonso XIII, became king upon his birth the following year. Maria Christina continued as regent until Alfonso XIII came of age in 1902.