hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Herbert Pilch
Herbert Pilch (13 February 1927 – 19 April 2018) was a German linguist and celtologist. He was a professor of English language and literature at the University of Freiburg. His contributions to linguistics included a theory of phonemes and studies of Basel German. His main work is the Manual of English Phonetics. In 2008 he was awarded the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
Eduard Johnson
Wilhelm August Eduard Johnson (February 16, 1840 – September 7, 1903) was a German classicist, teacher, journalist and local historian. He used the pseudonyms E. Joannides and Georg Capellanus.

Although the name "Johnson" appears to be an English name, it is not. The original form of the family name was apparently "Joh(a)nsson".

Vogtland
Vogtland (German: [ˈfoːktlant] ⓘ; Czech: Fojtsko) is a region spanning the German states of Bavaria, Saxony and Thuringia and north-western Bohemia in the Czech Republic.  It overlaps with and is largely contained within Euroregio Egrensis. The name alludes to the former leadership by the Vögte ("advocates" or "lords protector") of Weida, Gera and Plauen.
Gelsenkirchen-Bismarck–Winterswijk railway
The Winterswijk–Gelsenkirchen-Bismarck railway is a formerly continuous, 59 kilometre-long railway line, built by the former Dutch Westphalian Railway Company (Niederländisch-Westfälische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft), from Winterswijk in the Netherlands to Bismarck, now part of Gelsenkirchen, in the northern Ruhr region of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

The part of the line that is still in operation today is largely single-track and non-electrified and is classified as a main line.

Winterswijk
Winterswijk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌʋɪntərsˈʋɛik] ⓘ; also known as Winterswiek or Wenters) is a municipality and a town in the eastern Netherlands. It has a population of 29,022 and is situated in the Achterhoek, which lies in the easternmost part of the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands.

It was also known as Winethereswick, Winriswic or Wenterswic; the Low Saxon wich or wic means the living place of a certain person. The person would likely have been called Wenether, Winitar or Winter.
Otto Isidor Brunstein
Otto Isidor Brunstein (12 October 1886 – 2 March 1942) was an Austrian lawyer (Landes- und Gerichtsadvokat) who was active in the Duchy of Bukovina and Vienna during the late Austro-Hungarian and interwar periods.

Duchy of Bukovina
The Duchy of Bukovina (German: Herzogtum Bukowina or Herzogtum Buchenland; Romanian: Ducatul Bucovinei; Ukrainian: Герцогство Буковина, romanized: Hertsohstvo Bukovyna) was a constituent land of the Austrian Empire from 1849 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary from 1867 until 1918.
Sri Lankan cricket team in Pakistan in 1995–96
The Sri Lanka national cricket team toured Pakistan from August to October 1995 and played a three-match Test series against the Pakistan national cricket team. Sri Lanka won the Test series 2–1. Sri Lanka were captained by Arjuna Ranatunga and Pakistan by Rameez Raja. In addition, the teams played a three-match One Day International (ODI) series, which Sri Lanka won 2–1. Sri Lanka won both series having lost the first match in each.

Saqlain Mushtaq
Saqlain Mushtaq (born 29 December 1976) is a Pakistani cricket coach and former international cricketer who was the head coach of the Pakistani national cricket team between 2021 and 2022. He is best known for pioneering the "doosra", a leg break delivery bowled with an off break action. He was the fastest to reach the milestones of 200 and 250 wickets in ODIs. Mushtaq was the first Pakistani to take a hat-trick at a Cricket World Cup, which he did against Zimbabwe during the 1999 tournament.

A right-arm off break bowler, Saqlain played 49 Test matches and 169 One Day Internationals (ODIs) for Pakistan between 1995 and 2004. He took 208 Test and 288 ODI wickets and also scored a Test match century, against New Zealand, in March 2001. Until 2016, Saqlain was the fastest bowler in the history of ODI cricket to take 100 wickets.
Clint Sipho Sephadi
Clint Sipho Sephadi (born 22 May 1973) is a South African retired professional footballer who last played as a midfielder for Winners Park. He formerly played for Wits University and Jomo Cosmos and has 7 caps for the South African Under-23s team.

Winners Park F.C.
Winners Park is a football (soccer) club based in Mookgopong, which is a town roughly 100 km southwest of Polokwane on the N1 and R101 roads, situated inside the Limpopo province of South Africa. They were relegated from the National First Division to Vodacom League in May 2010. This imposed a set of changes for the club, including a move of their home venue from Seshego Stadium, to the less expensive Mookgopong Grounds.
H-object
In mathematics, specifically homotopical algebra, an H-object is a categorical generalization of an H-space, which can be defined in any category  with a product  and an initial object . These are useful constructions because they help export some of the ideas from algebraic topology and homotopy theory into other domains, such as in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry.

Initial and terminal objects
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, an initial object of a category C is an object I in C such that for every object X in C, there exists precisely one morphism I → X.

The dual notion is that of a terminal object (also called terminal element): T is terminal if for every object X in C there exists exactly one morphism X → T. Initial objects are also called coterminal or universal, and terminal objects are also called final.

If an object is both initial and terminal, it is called a zero object or null object.  A pointed category is one with a zero object.

A strict initial object I is one for which every morphism into I is an isomorphism (strict terminal objects are defined analogously).
Coleophora ballotella
Coleophora ballotella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found from Germany, Poland and the Baltic States to the Iberian Peninsula, Italy and Greece. It has also been recorded from northern and southern Russia.

The larvae feed on Ballota nigra, Lamium amplexicaule, Leonurus, Marrubium peregrinum, Marrubium vulgare, Stachys officinalis and Teucrium chamaedrys. Full-grown larvae can be found in June and July.

Ballota nigra
Ballota nigra, the black horehound, is a perennial herb in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to Europe, the Mediterranean region and east to central Asia. It is also naturalised in Argentina, New Zealand, and the eastern United States. It blooms in the Northern Hemisphere from May to August.
Chazen (surname)
Chazen is a surname. It is Jewish in origin, from the Yiddish word khazn (cantor in a synagogue). Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Chazen (born 1986), American special effects producer

Bernie Chazen (1942–2009), American bridge player

Debbie Chazen (born 1971), English actress

Jerome Chazen (1927–2022), American businessman

Stephen Chazen (1946–2022), American businessman

Jerome Chazen
Jerome A. Chazen (March 21, 1927 – February 6, 2022) was an American businessman who was the founder and chairman of Chazen Capital Partners. He was also one of four and last surviving founders of Liz Claiborne.
Opare
Opare is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Opare (born 1990), Ghanaian footballer

Frederick Opare-Ansah (born 1968), Ghanaian electrical engineer and politician

Frema Opare (born 1947), Ghanaian academic, economist and politician, Chief of Staff of Ghana

George Opare-Addo (born 1981), Ghanaian Lawyer and politician

Jessica Opare-Saforo (born 1981), Ghanaian media personality

Kofi Opare (born 1990), Ghanaian footballer

Kwadwo Opare-Hammond (fl. 2004–2019), Ghanaian politician

Magnus Opare-Asamoah (born 1948), Ghanaian politician

Magnus Opare-Asamoah
Magnus Opare-Asamoah (born 26 November 1948) is a Ghanaian politician and a member of the fourth parliament of the fourth Republic of Ghana representing the Aburi-Nsawam constituency in the Eastern Region.
Nové Syrovice
Nové Syrovice is a municipality and village in Třebíč District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants.

Nové Syrovice lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Třebíč, 45 km (28 mi) south of Jihlava, and 154 km (96 mi) south-east of Prague.

Třebíč
Třebíč (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtr̝̊ɛbiːtʃ] ⓘ; German: Trebitsch) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 35,000 inhabitants.

The beginnings of the town's history are connected with the establishment of a Benedictine monastery, where the castle is located today. In the age of its expansion, Třebíč was the third most important town in Moravia. The population growth started after World War II.

There are several well-known tourist sights in the town. The Jewish Quarter and the St. Procopius Basilica are listed together as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Sometimes (City and Colour album)
Sometimes is the debut solo album by City and Colour, a side project of Dallas Green, a guitarist and singer for the band Alexisonfire. At first, the majority of these songs were only available at live shows or over the Internet through Peer-to-peer services. However, due to high demand, the songs were compiled onto a studio album and released through Dine Alone Records. "Comin' Home" was the only song on the album to not have been previously available. The album was awarded Alternative Album of the Year at the 2007 Juno Awards.

Sometimes was re-released on Vagrant Records on January 13, 2009, which was first time the album was available in physical form in the US.

Despite the album's relatively limited initial commercial success, it received widespread critical acclaim in its native Canada where it was certified gold in March 2006.

Vagrant Records
Vagrant Records is an American record label based in California. It was founded in 1995 by Rich Egan and Jon Cohen. The label focuses on rock, but features artists in a variety of other genres including folk, soul, electronic, and pop. The label is considered one of the pre-eminent labels of the emo music scene.

In 2014, Vagrant was acquired by BMG Rights Management. Co-founder Jon Cohen then became BMG's executive vice president of recorded music, until he left the company in September 2017. It remains to be distributed autonomously (outside of BMG's main distribution partner Warner Music Group), by affiliated labels in selected countries.
Octopus cyanea
Octopus cyanea, also known as the big blue octopus or day octopus, is an octopus in the family Octopodidae. It occurs in both the Pacific and Indian Oceans, from Hawaii to the eastern coast of Africa. O. cyanea grows to 16 cm in mantle length with arms to at least 80 cm. This octopus was described initially by the British zoologist John Edward Gray in 1849; the type specimen was collected off Australia and is at the Natural History Museum in London.

John Edward Gray
John Edward Gray FRS (12 February 1800 – 7 March 1875) was a British zoologist. He was the elder brother of zoologist George Robert Gray and son of the pharmacologist and botanist Samuel Frederick Gray (1766–1828). The standard author abbreviation J.E.Gray is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name. The same is used for a zoological name.

Gray was keeper of zoology at the British Museum in London from 1840 until Christmas 1874, before the natural history holdings were split off to the Natural History Museum. He published several catalogues of the museum collections that included comprehensive discussions of animal groups and descriptions of new species. He improved the zoological collections to make them amongst the best in the world.
Symphony No. 2 (MacMillan)
The Symphony No. 2 is a symphony for chamber orchestra by the Scottish composer James MacMillan.  It was first performed at Ayr Town Hall on 2 December 1999, by the Scottish Chamber Orchestra under MacMillan.  The piece is dedicated to the writer and MacMillan's "fellow Ayrshireman" Andrew O'Hagan.

Andrew O'Hagan
Andrew O'Hagan (born 1968) is a Scottish novelist and non-fiction author. Three of his novels have been nominated for the Booker Prize and he has won several awards, including the Los Angeles Times Book Prize.

His most recent novel as of 2024 is Caledonian Road (2024) published by Faber & Faber. His previous novel Mayflies (2020) won the Christopher Isherwood Prize, and was adapted into a two-part BBC television drama of the same name. O'Hagan was executive producer of the TV adaptation.
Carl Peter Hagberg
Carl Peter Hagberg (22 November 1778 – 15 September 1841) was a Swedish minister and orator who served in the Swedish Academy.

Hagberg became master of philosophy in 1803. The same year he was ordained as a minister and subsequently served as a preacher at the court, from 1808 with Queen dowager Sophia Magdalena. In 1809 he became the head of the theological seminary at Lund University. The same year he was awarded with a degree of doctor of theology. In 1811 he became professor of pastoral theology. In 1821 he became a member of the Swedish Academy. He also served as president of Pro Fide et Christianismo, a Christian education society.

Swedish Academy
The Swedish Academy (Swedish: Svenska Akademien), founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Its 18 members, who are elected for life, comprise the highest Swedish language authority. Outside Scandinavia, it is best known as the body that chooses the laureates for the annual Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded in memory of the donor Alfred Nobel.
Bozüyük YHT railway station
Bozüyük HSR station, short for Bozüyük High Speed Rail station, (Turkish: Bozüyük YHT Garı short for Bozüyük Yüksek Hızlı Tren Garı) is a railway station on the Ankara–Istanbul high-speed railway just south of Bozüyük, Turkey. The station opened on 25 July 2014, along with the Eskişehir-Istanbul portion of the high-speed railway and is for the moment one of three railway stations in Turkey to be dedicated to high-speed rail. Bozüyük YHT has three tracks served by two platforms and two tracks in the middle for passing trains.

Prior to the opening of the high-speed railway, the now indefinitely closed Bozüyük station, located in the center of the town, was serviced by many trains running from Istanbul to Ankara and points beyond. This older railway station is expected to re-open to passenger traffic, once the construction of the Marmaray commuter rail system in Istanbul is finished and Intercity train services resume.

TCDD Transport
TCDD Transport or Turkish State Railways Transport (Turkish: TCDD Taşımacılık, reporting mark TCDDT) is a government-owned railway company responsible for the operations of most passenger and freight rail in Turkey. The company was formed on 14 June 2016, splitting off from Turkish State Railways (TCDD) to take over railway operations, while TCDD would continue to administer railway infrastructure. TCDD Taşımacılık officially began operations on 1 January 2017.

TCDD Taşımacılık operates trains on a network of over 12,430 km (7,720 mi) within 59 of the 81 provinces in Turkey.
Karlin, Missouri
Karlin is an unincorporated community in central Polk County, in the Ozarks of southwest Missouri, United States.

Karlin is located approximately 3.5 miles south of Bolivar and 1.5 miles west of Missouri Route 13. The village is located just north of Missouri Route U and adjacent to the Burlington Northern Railroad.

Bolivar, Missouri
Bolivar /ˈbɒlɪvər/ is a city in and the county seat of Polk County, Missouri, United States. The city derives its name in-part from the South American revolutionary Simón Bolívar. According to the 2020 United States Census, Bolivar had a population of 10,772.
2016 Irving Tennis Classic – Doubles
Robert Lindstedt and Sergiy Stakhovsky were the defending champions, but didn't participate.

Nicholas Monroe and Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi won the title, defeating Chris Guccione and André Sá 6–2, 5–7, [10–4].

Nicholas Monroe
Benjamin Nicholas Monroe (born April 12, 1982) is an American former professional tennis player. Monroe was a doubles specialist. He reached a career-high ATP doubles ranking of No. 30 on 2 October 2017 and won four ATP Tour doubles titles and thirteen ATP Challenger Tour titles in his career.

He briefly coached American player Jack Sock in the off-season in 2022 and in 2023.
Gett: The Trial of Viviane Amsalem
Gett: The Trial of Viviane Amsalem (Hebrew: גט - המשפט של ויויאן אמסלם, romanized: Get — Ha'mishpat shel Vivian Amsalem) is a 2014 internationally co-produced drama film written and directed by Ronit Elkabetz and Shlomi Elkabetz, who were siblings. It was screened as part of the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival. It was also screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival.

The film was selected as the Israeli entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards, but was not nominated. It was nominated for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 72nd Golden Globe Awards.

The film is the third in a trilogy focusing on the unhappy marriage of Viviane Amsalem, the first being To Take a Wife and the second Shiva.

72nd Golden Globes
The 72nd Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film and American television of 2014, was broadcast live from the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, California on January 11, 2015, by NBC. The ceremony was produced by Dick Clark Productions in association with the Hollywood Foreign Press Association. George Clooney was announced as the Cecil B. DeMille Lifetime Achievement Award honoree on September 14, 2014. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler were the co-hosts for the third consecutive time. The nominations were announced on December 11, 2014 by Kate Beckinsale, Peter Krause, Paula Patton and Jeremy Piven. The Affair, Birdman, Boyhood, Fargo, The Theory of Everything, and Transparent were among the films and television shows that received multiple awards.
Chris Jones (cricketer)
Christopher Robert Jones (born 5 November 1990) is a former English cricketer who played for Somerset, who made his County Championship debut in 2010 as a replacement for Craig Kieswetter. He was born in Harold Wood in Havering but moved to Dorset at a young age.

He was educated at Broadstone Middle School, Poole Grammar School and Richard Huish College before moving on to Durham University to read Economics. He graduated from Durham with a first-class degree in June 2013. He has played first-class cricket with Durham MCCU and was awarded the university's 'sportsman of the year' award in 2011. Jones was called into the Somerset team for a tour match against Australia in July 2013, hitting his first first-class century.

On 15 August 2014, Jones announced his retirement from first-class cricket at the end of the 2014 season to pursue a career outside of the game.

Poole Grammar School
Poole Grammar School (commonly abbreviated to PGS) is an 11–18 selective boys grammar school and academy in the coastal town of Poole in Dorset, in the south of England. The school is twinned with Parkstone Grammar School. It is a member of the South West Academic Trust (SWAT). The school was a mathematics and computing school, with an additional specialism, cognition, added in 2006.

Poole Grammar School is situated in the north of Poole, on the A349 (known locally as Gravel Hill), in a campus built in 1966, with various additions made since.
Zoran Stjepanović
Zoran Stjepanović (born June 13, 1975) is a Serbian former football midfielder.

During his career he played for Serbian clubs Budućnost Valjevo and Spartak Subotica before moving to Cyprus to play with Alki Larnaca, Omonia and Ethnikos Achnas.

FK Spartak Subotica
Fudbalski klub Spartak Ždrepčeva Krv (Serbian Cyrillic: Фудбалски клуб Спартак Ждрепчева Крв) is a professional football club from Subotica, Serbia, that plays in the Serbian SuperLiga.

The club was founded in 1945 and was named after Jovan Mikić Spartak, the leader of the Partisans in Subotica, who was a national hero and was killed in 1944.

After the end of the 2007–08 Serbian League Vojvodina, the club merged with Zlatibor Voda which won promotion to the Serbian First League thus gaining the name Spartak Zlatibor Voda. In 2013, the board decided to return to the original name of the club.
Lollipop darter
The lollipop darter (Etheostoma neopterum)  is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States. Lollipop darters are approximately 1.4 to 2.4 inches (3.6 to 6.1 cm) long.

Perch
Perch is a common name for freshwater fish from the genus Perca, which belongs to the family Percidae of the large order Perciformes. The name comes from Greek: πέρκη, romanized: perke, meaning the type species of this genus, the European perch (P. fluviatilis).

Many species of freshwater game fish more or less resemble perch, but belong to different genera. In fact, the exclusively saltwater-dwelling red drum (which belongs to a different order Acanthuriformes) is often referred to as a "red perch", though by definition perch are freshwater species. Though many fish are referred to as perch as a common name, to be considered a true perch, the fish must be of the family Percidae.

The earliest fossil remains of Perca are known from the Middle Miocene of Ukraine.
Diplostomum baeri
Diplostomum baeri is a species of flatworm belonging to the family Diplostomidae.

Subspecies

Diplostomum baeri bucculentum Dubois & Rausch, 1948

Diplostomum baeri eucaliae Hoffman & Hundley, 1957

It is a type of fluke that infects the eyeballs of some fish and snails.

Trematoda
Trematoda is a class of flatworms known as trematodes, and commonly as flukes. They are obligate internal parasites with a complex life cycle requiring at least two hosts. The intermediate host, in which asexual reproduction occurs, is a mollusk, usually a snail. The definitive host, where the flukes sexually reproduce, is a vertebrate. Infection by trematodes can cause disease in all five vertebrate groups: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish.