hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Avestan phonology
This article deals with the phonology of Avestan. Avestan is one of the Iranian languages and retained archaic voiced alveolar fricatives. It also has fricatives rather than the aspirated series seen in the closely related Indo-Aryan languages.

Iranian languages
The Iranian languages, or the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, mainly in the Iranian Plateau.

The Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE) and New Iranian (since 900 CE). The two directly attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Old Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Avesta predates Old Iranian language, Old Avestan (c. 1500 – 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – 400 BCE). Of the Middle Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Middle Persian (from the Sasanian Empire), Parthian (from the Parthian Empire), and Bactrian (from the Kushan and Hephthalite empires).
1877 Massachusetts legislature
The 98th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1877 during the governorship of Alexander H. Rice. John B. D. Cogswell served as president of the Senate and John Davis Long served as speaker of the House.

President of the Massachusetts Senate
The president of the Massachusetts Senate is the presiding officer.  Unlike the United States Congress, in which the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the United States Senate, in Massachusetts, the president of the Senate is elected from and by the senators. The president, therefore, typically comes from the majority party, and the president is then the de facto leader of that party.

The current president of the Massachusetts Senate, since July 26, 2018, is Karen Spilka, a Democrat from Ashland. Democrats have had a majority in the Senate since 1959. Notable former presidents of the Massachusetts Senate include U.S. president Calvin Coolidge.
Mirko Celestino
Mirko Celestino (born 19 March 1974 in Albenga) is an Italian former professional road racing cyclist, specializing in the classic cycle races.  His biggest career achievements to date include winning the monumental classic—Giro di Lombardia, the classic HEW Cyclassics and two-time winner of the semi-classic Milano–Torino. Since retiring from road racing, Celestino has been active in mountain bike racing, achieving a silver medal at the 2010 UCI Mountain Bike Marathon World Championships and a bronze medal at the 2011 UCI Mountain Bike Marathon World Championships.

2011 UCI Mountain Bike Marathon World Championships
The 2011 UCI Mountain Bike Marathon World Championships was the 9th edition of the UCI Mountain Bike Marathon World Championships held in Montello, Italy. The men's race was 115.7 kilometres (71.9 mi) while the women's race was 98.3 kilometres (61.1 mi).
Cultural depictions of George Armstrong Custer
George Armstrong Custer (1839–1876) was a United States Army cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the Indian Wars. He was defeated and killed by the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.  More than 30 movies and countless television shows have featured him as a character.  
He was portrayed by future U.S. president, Ronald Reagan in Santa Fe Trail (1940), as well as by Errol Flynn in They Died With Their Boots On (1941).

Gary Cole
Gary Michael Cole (born September 20, 1956) is an American actor. Cole began his professional acting career on stage at Chicago's Steppenwolf Theatre Company in 1985. His breakout role on screen was playing Jack 'Nighthawk' Killian in the NBC drama series Midnight Caller (1988–1991). Further prominent television roles includes American Gothic (1995–1996), The West Wing (2003–2006), The Good Wife (2010–2016), Veep (2013–2019), and NCIS (2021–present). Cole starred in the films The Brady Bunch Movie (1995) and Office Space (1999); and voiced characters in the animated series Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law (2000–2007, 2018), Family Guy (2000–present), Kim Possible (2002–2007), Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated (2010–2013), and Bob's Burgers (2012–present).
Zlatko Čajkovski
Zlatko "Čik" Čajkovski (24 November 1923 – 27 July 1998) was a Yugoslav and Croatian football player and coach. His brother, Željko Čajkovski, was a footballer as well. Normally a defensive midfielder, Čajkovski was renowned for his tremendous physical condition and marking ability and is considered to be one of the finest Yugoslav footballers. Despite his normally defensive role he was also a fine passer and possessed top-class technical ability.

1952 Yugoslav Cup
The 1952 Yugoslav Cup was the 6th season of the top football knockout competition in SFR Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav Cup (Serbo-Croatian: Kup Jugoslavije), also known as the "Marshal Tito Cup" (Kup Maršala Tita), since its establishment in 1946.
Tim Maddison
Tim Maddison (born 1973) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. He played for the Newcastle Knights from 1993 to 1995 and 2003, then Eastern Suburbs in 1996, the Hunter Mariners in 1997, the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks from 1998 to 2000 and finally the North Queensland Cowboys from 2001 to 2002, as a prop or second-row.

Newcastle Knights
The Newcastle Knights are an Australian professional rugby league team based in Newcastle, the largest city in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. The club competes in the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership. Playing in red and blue, the Knights joined the top-tier competition in 1988, 79 years after the previous Newcastle based team, the Newcastle Rebels had departed the Sydney competition with the formation of a separate league competition based in the Newcastle region.

The club has won the premiership twice (1997 and 2001) and is one of only two clubs (the other being the Wests Tigers) that has never lost a grand final in which it has participated. Notable players include: Paul Harragon, Robbie O'Davis, Danny Buderus and rugby league Immortal Andrew Johns. The team's home ground is McDonald Jones Stadium.
Francis Palgrave
Sir Francis Palgrave, KH FRS (/ˈpɔːlɡreɪv, ˈpæl-/; born Francis Ephraim Cohen, July 1788 – 6 July 1861) was an English archivist and historian. He was Deputy Keeper (chief executive) of the Public Record Office from its foundation in 1838 until his death; and he is also remembered for his many scholarly publications.

Royal Guelphic Order
The Royal Guelphic Order (German: Königlicher Guelphen-Orden), sometimes referred to as the Hanoverian Guelphic Order, is a Hanoverian order of chivalry instituted on 28 April 1815 by the Prince Regent (later King George IV). It takes its name from the House of Guelph, of which the House of Hanover was a branch. Since Hanover and the United Kingdom shared a monarch until 1837, the order was frequently bestowed upon British subjects.
Percy Faith
Percy Faith (April 7, 1908 – February 9, 1976) was a Canadian–American bandleader, orchestrator, composer and conductor, known for his lush arrangements of instrumental ballads and Christmas standards. He is often credited with popularizing the "easy listening" or "mood music" format. He became a staple of American popular music in the 1950s and continued well into the 1960s. Although his professional orchestra-leading career began at the height of the swing era, he refined and rethought orchestration techniques, including use of large string sections, to soften and fill out the brass-dominated popular music of the 1940s.

Easy listening
Easy listening (including mood music) is a popular music genre and radio format that was most popular during the 1950s to the 1970s. It is related to middle of the road (MOR) music and encompasses instrumental recordings of standards, hit songs, non-rock vocals and instrumental covers of selected popular rock songs. It mostly concentrates on music that pre-dates the rock and roll era, characteristically on music from the 1940s and 1950s. It was differentiated from the mostly instrumental beautiful music format by its variety of styles, including a percentage of vocals, arrangements and tempos to fit various parts of the broadcast day.

Easy listening music is often confused with lounge music, but while it was popular in some of the same venues it was meant to be listened to for enjoyment rather than as background sound.
Yuri Collins
Yuri Collins (born March 7, 2001) is an American professional basketball player for Ironi Ness Ziona of the Israeli Basketball Premier League. He played college basketball for the Saint Louis Billikens of the Atlantic 10 Conference (A-10), and has played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Golden State Warriors.

Ironi Ness Ziona B.C.
Ironi Ness Ziona B.C. (or spelled as Ironi Nes Ziona B.C.) is a professional basketball club based in Ness Ziona, Israel. The team plays its home games at the Lev Hamoshava, which has capacity for 1,200 people. The club plays in the Israeli Basketball Premier League, the top tier of Israeli basketball and 2022–23 European North Basketball League.

In 2021, Nes Ziona won the FIBA Europe Cup, the continental fourth-tier Championship.
Juniper Lake
Juniper Lake could refer to

Juniper Lake (Lassen Peak), a lake located in the southeast corner of Lassen Volcanic National Park

Juniper Lake (Nova Scotia), several lakes with this name in Nova Scotia

Juniper Lake (Lassen Peak)
Juniper Lake is a large lake located at the southeast corner of Lassen Volcanic National Park in the U.S. state of California. The lake sits at an elevation of 6,700 ft (2,040 m) above sea level. There is a campground and a ranger station located on the eastern shore of the lake, and a campground and private cabins located on the northern shore. The lake is accessible by an unpaved road from Chester.
Franck David
Franck David (born 21 March 1970 in Paris) is a French windsurfer who competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, where he won the gold medal in the Men's Lechner Sailboard Class. He also became World champion in 1992.

Windsurfing
Windsurfing is a wind-propelled water sport that is a combination of sailing and surfing. It is also referred to as "sailboarding" and "boardsailing", and emerged in the late 1960s from the Californian aerospace and surf culture. Windsurfing gained a popular following across Europe and North America by the late 1970s and had achieved significant global popularity by the 1980s. Windsurfing became an Olympic sport in 1984.
Henry Roll
Henry Trevor Roll (18 March 1905 – 25 May 1967) was a Scottish cricketer.  Roll was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born at Alloa, Clackmannanshire.

Roll made a single first-class appearance for Warwickshire against the touring New Zealanders at Edgbaston in 1927.  Roll was dismissed in Warwickshire's first-innings for a duck by Roger Blunt, while in their second-innings he wasn't required to bat.  He also bowled nine wicketless overs in the New Zealanders first-innings, with the outcome of the match ending in a draw.  This was his only major appearance for Warwickshire.

He died at Downend, Gloucestershire on 25 May 1967.  His grandson Lawson Roll played a single first-class match for Gloucestershire in 1984.

Roger Blunt
Roger Charles Blunt MBE (3 November 1900 – 22 June 1966) was a cricketer who played nine Test matches for the New Zealand national cricket team in the 1930s. He was the first New Zealand player to score a triple-century in first-class cricket.
Danning
Danning can mean:

Christian Danning (1867–1925), Danish composer and conductor

Harry Danning (1911–2004), American Major League Baseball player

Ike Danning (1905–1983), American Major League Baseball catcher

Kofi Danning (born 1991), Ghanaian-born Australian footballer

Sybil Danning (born 1952), Austrian actress, model and film producer

Ike Danning
Isaac Danning (January 20, 1905 – March 30, 1983) was an American Major League Baseball catcher who played for the St. Louis Browns in 1928. His brother, Harry Danning, played for the New York Giants from 1933 to 1942. He was Jewish. He attended Polytechnic High School in Los Angeles, California.

After his retirement from baseball he became the head of transportation for 20th Century Fox Studios. He died from lung cancer at the age of 78 and was buried at Hillside Memorial Park in Culver City, California.
A Cross the Universe (album)
A Cross the Universe is the first live album by the French electronic music duo Justice, released on 24 November 2008 on iTunes and on 9 December 2008 physically by Ed Banger Records and Because Music in France, and Atlantic Records in the US.

Because Music
Because Music is a record label based in France. The label was founded in 2004 by Emmanuel de Buretel and Eric Bielsa upon their exit from major labels. Because Music has acts such as Justice, Christine and the Queens and Aime Simone on their roster.
Jane Farver
Jane Farver (1947–2015) was a curator and director in the field of international contemporary art.  Farver was a director at the Lehman College Art Gallery, the Tomoko Liguori Gallery, the chief curator of the Queens Museum of Art from 1992–1999, and the head of the MIT List Visual Arts Center from 1999 to 2011.  She also was a curator at The Alternative Museum of New York and a director of Spaces in Cleveland, Ohio.    She was also a guest co-curator of the 2000 Whitney Biennial and an Artistic Director of the 2011 Incheon Women Artists' Biennale in Incheon, South Korea.  She died of a heart attack in 2015. Her partner John L. Moore is also a noted painter and curator.

One of Farver's more well regarded works was the 1999 Queens Museum show Global Conceptualism: Points of Origin 1950s-1980s, which covered conceptualist art.

List Visual Arts Center
Established in 1950, the List Visual Arts Center (LVAC) is the contemporary art museum of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It is known for temporary exhibitions in its galleries located in the MIT Media Lab building, as well as its administration of the permanent art collection distributed throughout the university campus, faculty offices, and student housing.
Yoshijirō Umezu
Yoshijirō Umezu (梅津 美治郎, Umezu Yoshijirō) (January 4, 1882 – January 8, 1949) was a Japanese general in World War II and Chief of the Army General Staff during the final years of the conflict. He was convicted of war crimes and sentenced to life imprisonment.

Imperial Way Faction
The Kōdōha or Imperial Way Faction (皇道派) was a political faction in the Imperial Japanese Army active in the 1920s and 1930s. The Kōdōha sought to establish a military government that promoted totalitarian, militaristic and aggressive imperialist ideals, and was largely supported by junior officers. The radical Kōdōha rivaled the moderate Tōseiha (Control Faction) for influence in the army until the February 26 incident in 1936, when it was de facto dissolved and many supporters were disciplined or executed.

The Kōdōha was never an organized political party and had no official standing within the Army, but its ideology and supporters continued to influence Japanese militarism into the late 1930s.
Brooke Lynn Hytes
Brooke Lynn Hytes is the stage name of Brock Edward Hayhoe (born March 10, 1986), a Canadian drag queen, ballet dancer, and television personality. After working as a dancer with Cape Town City Ballet and Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo, Brooke Lynn Hytes began to perform in drag, competing in several pageants, winning the Miss Continental title in 2014. Brooke Lynn Hytes achieved international recognition for competing on the eleventh season of RuPaul's Drag Race; Brooke Lynn Hytes finished as a runner-up to winner Yvie Oddly. Brooke Lynn Hytes is the first Canadian to compete in the series. Since 2020, Brooke Lynn Hytes has been a main judge on the spin-off series Canada's Drag Race, and is the first Drag Race contestant to become a full-time judge in the franchise.

Drag (entertainment)
Drag is a performance of exaggerated femininity, masculinity, or other forms of gender expression, usually for entertainment purposes. Drag usually involves cross-dressing. A drag queen is someone (usually male) who performs femininely and a drag king is someone (usually female) who performs masculinely. Performances often involve comedy, music, social satire, and at times political commentary. The term may be used as a noun as in the expression in drag or as an adjective as in drag show.
Bregava
The Bregava (Serbian Cyrillic: Брегава)  is a sinking river in Bosnia and Herzegovina that passes through the town of Stolac. It is a left tributary of the Neretva river.

The river Bregava and its buildings - bridges, mills and stamping mills over the river - constitutes the backbone of the urban layout of Stolac. It passes through two waterfalls in Stolac, one of which is natural and the other artificial, and continues its way through the shallow and fertile Bregava gorge, leading to Badanj Cave. It is famous for its pure turquoise colour and clean waters, like the Neretva river which passes through Mostar. Many natural beaches are spread along the river.

Mostar
Mostar (pronounced [mǒstaːr] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative centre of Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the historical capital of Herzegovina.

Mostar is situated on the Neretva River and is the fifth-largest city in the country. Mostar was named after the bridge keepers (mostari) who guarded the Stari Most (Old Bridge) over the Neretva during the Ottoman era. The Old Bridge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent in the 16th century, is one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's most visited landmarks, and is considered an exemplary piece of Islamic architecture in the Balkans.
Dan Curtis Johnson
Dan Curtis Johnson (also DC Johnson, D. Curtis Johnson) is an American programmer and comic book writer, known primarily for his creation (with J. H. Williams III) of the DC Comics series Chase, numerous Secret Files stories, and for having converted the character of Mister Bones from a former low-level supervillain to a high-level bureaucrat of the Department of Extranormal Operations (also created by Johnson).

Gail Simone has described him as "belong(ing) in (her) personal hall of fame".

Also a participant in the DHMO hoax, in which he created a foil website for DHMO.org.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
Vanessa King
Vanessa King (born September 19, 1980) is a Canadian former actress from Coquitlam, British Columbia, known for her role as Anika in the television series Edgemont, a role for which she was nominated in the category Best Performance in a Children's or Youth Program or Series for the Gemini Awards in 2001, a Leo Awards 'Best Performance' nomination in 2002 and a Leo Awards win in 2003.

Leo Awards
The Leo Awards are the awards program for the British Columbia film and television industry. Held each May or June in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, the Leo Awards were founded by the Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Foundation of British Columbia in 1999. Awards categories include but are not exclusive to live action, animated, adult dramatic, children's, documentary film, documentary television, feature films, short films.
Paperity
Paperity is a multidisciplinary aggregator of open access journals and papers. It was launched in October 2014 with 160,000 articles.

As of December 2020, Paperity includes 7.2 million articles from 15,300 journals, covering academic disciplines including mathematical sciences, life sciences, medicine, social sciences, and humanities. Paperity provides full-text search, RSS feeds and a mobile application to access the literature. All articles are available in full text without fees.

Paperity shares the aggregated metadata with other academic services such as OCLC.

Paywall
A paywall is a method of restricting access to content, with a purchase or a paid subscription, especially news. Beginning in the mid-2010s, newspapers started implementing paywalls on their websites as a way to increase revenue after years of decline in paid print readership and advertising revenue, partly due to the use of ad blockers. In academics, research papers are often subject to a paywall and are available via academic libraries that subscribe.

Paywalls have also been used as a way of increasing the number of print subscribers; for example, some newspapers offer access to online content plus delivery of a Sunday print edition at a lower price than online access alone. Newspaper websites such as that of The Boston Globe and The New York Times use this tactic because it increases both their online revenue and their print circulation (which in turn provides more ad revenue).
Snappy Tomato Pizza
Snappy Tomato Pizza is a pizza chain that started in Fort Mitchell, Kentucky, and has over 60 locations in the US. Its headquarters are in Burlington, Kentucky. The chain specializes in pizza, but also serves calzones, hoagies, salads, pasta, dessert and appetizers.

Hors d'oeuvre
An hors d'oeuvre (/ɔːr ˈdɜːrv(rə)/ or DURV(-rə); French: hors-d'œuvre [ɔʁ dœvʁ(ə)] ⓘ), appetiser, appetizer or starter is a small dish served before a meal in European cuisine. Some hors d'oeuvres are served cold, others hot. Hors d'oeuvres may be served at the dinner table as a part of the meal, or they may be served before seating, such as at a reception or cocktail party. Formerly, hors d'oeuvres were also served between courses.

Typically smaller than a main dish, an hors d'oeuvre is often designed to be eaten by hand. Hors d'oeuvre are typically served at parties as a small "snack" before a main course.
Hapsidophyllas
Hapsidophyllas is a rare Ediacaran rangeomorph fossil found at Mistaken Point, Newfoundland, Canada. It was first identified by Emily Bamforth and Guy Narbonne in 2009. Because its characteristic flexible leaflet structure is dissimilar to other known rangeomorphs, Bamforth and Narbonne describe it as a new rangeomorph form, called hapsidophyllid. The only other known hapsidophyllid is the Ediacaran frond Frondophyllas grandis, which shares the network-like configuration of leaflets seen in Hapsidophyllas. Currently, the Hapsidophyllas flexibilis holotype resides in its type locality in the Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve, and a cast of the specimen is on display at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.

Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve
Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve is a wilderness area and a UNESCO World Heritage Site located at the southeastern tip of Newfoundland's Avalon Peninsula in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The reserve is home to the namesake Mistaken Point Formation, which contains one of the most diverse and well-preserved collections of Precambrian fossils in the world. Ediacaran fossils discovered at the site constitute the oldest known remnants of multicellular life on Earth.