hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mariam Sheikhalizadeh
Mariam Sheikhalizadeh (Persian: مریم شیخ‌علیزاده; full legal name Mariam Sheikhalizadehkhanghah, Azerbaijani: Məryəm Şeyxəlizadəxangah; born 18 July 2004, in Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian-Azerbaijani competition swimmer, She is a member of  National Swimming Team of the Republic of Azerbaijan. She has met the 2020 Olympics qualifying time for the Women's 100 m butterfly, and represented Azerbaijan at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Azerbaijan at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Azerbaijan competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020, the Games were postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the nation's seventh consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics in the post-Soviet era. For the first time since the nation's debut at Atlanta 1996, the Azerbaijan failed to win a single Olympic gold medal.
2022 KNSB Dutch Allround Championships
The 2022 KNSB Dutch Allround Championships in speed skating were held in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink from 22 to 23 January 2022. The tournament was part of the 2021–2022 speed skating season. Marcel Bosker and Merel Conijn won the allround titles.
The allround championships were held at the same time as the 2022 KNSB Sprint Allround Championships.

Heerenveen
Heerenveen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɦeːrə(ɱ)ˈveːn] ⓘ, West Frisian: It Hearrenfean [ət ˌjɛrn̩ˈfɪən] ⓘ, Stellingwerfs: et Vene) is a town and municipality in the province of Friesland (Fryslân), in the Northern Netherlands. In 2021, the town had a population of 29,790 (1 January) while the municipality had a population of 50,859 (1 July).

The town itself is located southeast of Sneek and southwest of Drachten. Heerenveen is the oldest peat canal village in the Netherlands. Heerenveen is the fourth-largest place in Friesland in terms of population, but is not one of the eleven Frisian cities.

The municipality was formed on 1 July 1934, from parts of former municipalities Aengwirden and Schoterland, and a portion of the municipality of Haskerland. Boarnsterhim also merged into Heerenveen on 1 January 2014.
Demographics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Demographics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, during its existence from 1945 until 1991, included population density, ethnicity, education levels, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects. During its last census in 1991, Yugoslavia enumerated 23,528,230 people. Serbs had a plurality, followed by Croats, Bosniaks, Albanians, Slovenes and Macedonians.

101214161820222419001920194019601980200020202040millionYugoslavia Total Population

Slovenes
The Slovenes, also known as Slovenians (Slovene: Slovenci [slɔˈʋéːntsi]), are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Slovenia and adjacent regions in Italy, Austria and Hungary. Slovenes share a common ancestry, culture, and history, and speak Slovene as their native language.

Outside of Slovenia and Europe, Slovenes form diaspora groups in the United States, Canada, Argentina and Australia.
Penn State Nittany Lions men's volleyball
The Penn State Nittany Lions men's volleyball program has had a long tradition at Penn State University. Founded by Tom Tait, Tait coached the team from 1976 to 1989, and was named a USA Volleyball All-Time great coach in 2007.

Mark Pavlik has been the head coach since 1995 after serving as an assistant coach for five years. He has led the team to every EIVA conference championship since 1995 with the exception of 1998. Under his guidance, Penn State finished as NCAA runners-up in 1995 and 2006 before winning it all in 2008. He also led the team to an NCAA record of 15 straight (1999–2013) NCAA Final Four appearances. Pavlik was awarded his first ever AVCA National Coach of the Year in 2008.

USA Volleyball
USA Volleyball (USAV) is a non-profit organization which is recognized as the national governing body of volleyball in the United States by the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB) and the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC). It is headquartered in Colorado Springs, Colorado, and was founded by the YMCA of the USA. The organization is responsible for selecting and supporting US national teams that compete in FIVB-sanctioned international volleyball and beach volleyball competitions such as the Olympic Summer Games. USA Volleyball is also charged with fostering the development of the sport of volleyball within the United States through involvement with its forty Regional Volleyball Associations (RVAs).

USA Volleyball was previously known as United States Volleyball Association (USVBA).
J. C. Barnes
J.C. Barnes is an American criminologist, Professor, and Director at the University of Cincinnati's School of Criminal Justice.

He is known for studying biosocial criminology and the association between genetics and the social environment as a cause of crime. He also has interests in studying human decision-making.

Biosocial criminology
Biosocial criminology is an interdisciplinary field that aims to explain crime and antisocial behavior by exploring biocultural factors. While contemporary criminology has been dominated by sociological theories, biosocial criminology also recognizes the potential contributions of fields such as behavioral genetics, neuropsychology, and evolutionary psychology.
Chris Matthews (rugby union)
Christopher Mansel Matthews (16 August 1911 — 5 December 1965) was a Welsh international rugby union player.

Born in Newton Nottage, Matthews was the son of former Bridgend captain Tommie Matthews and attended Queen's College in Taunton, Somerset, where he learned his rugby.

Matthews was a prolific try-scoring wing three-quarter for Bridgend and was capped once for Wales, featuring on the right wing in their win over Ireland at Belfast in the 1939 Home Nations.

1939 Home Nations Championship
The 1939 Home Nations Championship was the thirty-fifth series of the rugby union Home Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Five Nations, and prior to that, the Home Nations, this was the fifty-second series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Six matches were played between 21 January and 18 March. It was contested by England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

This was the last tournament that did not feature France, who had been expelled after the 1931 tournament over allegations of professionalism and administrative deficiencies. France would be readmitted later in the year, but the start of World War II in Europe in September put international rugby on hold; it would not resume until 1947. The Calcutta Cup match was the last international game before World War II. Six players who took part in the game would lose their lives during the war, while seven would return to international rugby post-war.
Retalix
Retalix Ltd. is a former Israeli software company that developed, licensed, implemented and supported software applications for retailers, wholesalers and distributors of fast-moving consumer goods, mainly in the grocery, convenience store, and foodservice industries.

Retalix software includes point of sale, retail operations, customer loyalty, supply chain management (SCM), warehouse management (WMS), and transportation management (TMS). In 2011, Retalix was ranked among the top four software vendors for grocery retailers and among the top ten large software vendors to retailers.

Retalix was established in 1982 by Barry Shaked and Brian Cooper as Point of Sale Ltd.

Retalix was headquartered in Ra'anana, Israel,  Retalix's North American headquarters was located in Plano, Texas. Retalix also operated offices in the UK, France, Italy, Australia, and Japan. In February 2013, Retalix was acquired by NCR Corporation.

Food service
The food service (US English) or catering (British and Commonwealth English) industry includes the businesses, institutions, and companies which prepare meals outside the home. It includes restaurants, grocery stores, school and hospital cafeterias, catering operations, and many other formats.

Suppliers to food service operators are food service distributors, who provide small wares (kitchen utensils) and foods. Some companies manufacture products in both consumer and food service versions. The consumer version usually comes in individual-sized packages with elaborate label design for retail sale. The food service version is packaged in a much larger industrial size and often lacks the colorful label designs of the consumer version.
Wagakukōdansho
The Wagakukōdansho (和学講談所, Institute of Lectures of Japanese classics) or Wagakukōdanjo, sometimes romanized Wagaku-Kōdansho or Wagaku Kōdansho, was a major educational and research institute in Edo


focusing on Japanese classics and Japanese history, unique in its kind and under the direct patronage of the Shogunate.

The institute is the source of several important historical documents, collections and publications in several fields (notably history, literature and kokugaku) and its extremely voluminous library is nowadays one of the principal antique documents holdings of the National Archives of Japan.

Rōjū
The Rōjū (老中), usually translated as Elder, was one of the highest-ranking government posts under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. The term refers either to individual Elders, or to the Council of Elders as a whole; under the first two shōguns, there were only two Rōjū. The number was then increased to five, and later reduced to four. The Rōjū were usually appointed from the ranks of the fudai daimyōs with domains of between 25,000 and 50,000 koku.
The Guatemalan Handshake
The Guatemalan Handshake is a 2006 comedy-drama film, written and directed by Todd Rohal. It is Rohal's feature film debut. The film premiered at the 2006 Slamdance Film Festival and won the Special Jury Prize.

Slamdance Film Festival
The Slamdance Film Festival is an annual film festival focused on emerging artists. The annual week-long festival is held in Los Angeles, California in late February and is the main event organized by the year-round Slamdance organization. The organization also hosts a screenplay competition, workshops, screenings throughout the year, and events with an emphasis on independent films with budgets under $1 million. Its alumni include Sean Baker, Jon M. Chu, Rian Johnson, Ari Aster, The Russo Brothers, Bong Joon Ho, Lena Dunham, Matt Johnson, Steven Soderbergh and Christopher Nolan.
The Gunslinger Part II: Fist Full of Dollars
The Gunslinger Part II: Fist Full Of Dollars is the second mixtape album by American rapper and record producer B-Real. It was released on April 11, 2006, serving as a sequel to his 2005's The Gunslinger. The mixtape features guest appearances from Willie Malo, Son Doobie, Everlast, O Brown, Trace Midas, Alchemist, Chace Infinite, Crow, Defari, Krondon, Outthere, Proof, Sen Dog, Sick Jacken, XL and Xzibit.

It also served as a prequel to B-Real's third and final mixtape in his 'The Gunslinger' series, The Gunslinger Part III: For a Few Dollars More, which was released in 2007. The subtitle to the album refers to Sergio Leone's 1964 film A Fistful of Dollars.

Krondon
Marvin Jones III (born July 9, 1976), also known as Krondon, is an American rapper and actor from Los Angeles, California. He is a member of the group Strong Arm Steady, along with rappers Phil Da Agony and Mitchy Slick. As an actor, Jones is known primarily for playing albino supervillains, including Tobias Whale in The CW series Black Lightning (2018–2021), and voicing Tombstone in the film Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (2018), a role he will reprise in the live-action Marvel Cinematic Universe film Spider-Man: Brand New Day (2026) and the Spider-Verse sequel Spider-Man: Beyond the Spider-Verse (2027).
Arling Shaeffer
Arling Shaeffer (1859 – February 21, 1943) was an American composer and arranger.

Shaeffer was born in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin in 1859. He was also a musician known for his mastery of fretted instruments such as the guitar, mandolin, ukulele, and banjo. He wrote a mandolin method book, Elite Mandolin Instructor, published by Lyon and Healy in 1891, and a guitar method book, the Elite Guitar Instructor, published in 1895.

Shaeffer died in Marinette, Wisconsin on February 21, 1943 and was buried in Fond du Lac.

Ukulele
The ukulele (/ˌjuːkəˈleɪli/ YOO-kə-LAY-lee; Hawaiian: [ʔukulele]), also called a uke (informally), is a member of the lute (ancient guitar) family of instruments. The ukulele is of Portuguese origin and was popularized in Hawaii. The tone and volume of the instrument vary with size and construction. Ukuleles commonly come in four sizes: soprano, concert, tenor, and baritone.

Ukuleles generally have four nylon strings  tuned to GCEA (except baritone, which is normally tuned DGBE). They have 16–22 frets depending on the size.
The Legend of Ben Hall
The Legend of Ben Hall is a 2016 Australian bushranger film. Written and directed by Matthew Holmes, it is based on the exploits of bushranger Ben Hall and his gang. The film stars Jack Martin in the title role, Jamie Coffa as John Gilbert, and William Lee as John Dunn.

The film focuses on the last nine months of Hall's life, when he was a well-established bushranger along with his accomplices Gilbert and Dunn. It explores the relationships within the gang and depicts many of their robberies and clashes with the police. The film also explores the details surrounding Hall's betrayal and his controversial death at the hands of the police on 5 May 1865.

The film premiered at Forbes before traveling to film festivals in Australia and overseas. It received mixed reviews from critics although its historical accuracy was praised.

Lauriston, Victoria
Lauriston is a locality in Victoria, Australia. It is situated on the Coliban River, in a gully 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Kyneton. The Lauriston Reservoir, (which serves Kyneton), is 2 kilometres (1 mi) south east of the town.

At the 2016 census, Lauriston had a population of 236.

Lauriston Post Office opened on 1 July 1864 after gold was discovered in the area and closed in 1969. In 2019 Australian folk musician, Alana Wilkinson, recorded a single, "Partner in Crime", at the community's church.
1929 Macdonald Brier
The 1929 Macdonald Brier, the Canadian men's national curling championship, was held from February 26 to March 1, 1929 at the Granite Club in Toronto, Ontario.

Team Manitoba won their second consecutive Briar Tankard with Gordon Hudson as skip finishing round robin play undefeated. This was the first time a team went unbeaten in a single Brier. Hudson also became the first skip to win back-to-back Brier championships.

Granite Club
The Granite Club (founded as the Toronto Granite Curling Club) is a private social and athletic club in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1875, it has a long history of sports competition. It is located at 2350 Bayview Avenue, north of midtown Toronto.
Nikolai Babanin
Nikolai Andreyevich Babanin (Russian: Николай Андреевич Бабанин; 23 April 1918 — 11 May 1990) was a Soviet military officer. He served in the Soviet invasion of Poland, and the Second World War. During the Great Patriotic War, he was commander of the reconnaissance company of the 5th Guards Volnovakha Order of Suvorov Mechanized Brigade of the 2nd Guards Nikolaev-Budapest Red Banner Order of Suvorov Mechanized Corps of the 28th Army of the 3rd Ukrainian Front. He reached the rank of guard captain during his wartime service.

Babanin was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on 3 June 1944.

Guards unit (Soviet Union)
Guards units (Russian: Гвардия, romanized: Gvardiya) were elite units and formations in the Soviet Armed Forces that continue to exist in the Russian Armed Forces and other post-Soviet states. These units were awarded Guards status after distinguishing themselves in wartime service, and are considered to have elite status. The Guards designation originated during World War II, its name coming both from the Russian Imperial Guard, and the old Bolshevik Red Guards. Practical benefits of the status included double pay for ordinary soldiers, usually priority in equipment and replacements, and the designation often served as a morale-boosting source of unit pride.
Princely Reuss Honour Cross
The Princely Reuss Honour Cross was an order of merit common to the principalities of Reuss Junior line and Reuss Elder line. It was founded by Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line in 1869, and in 1902 became a state order of the Elder Line Principality as well.

Principality of Reuss-Greiz
The Principality of Reuss-Greiz (German: Fürstentum Reuß-Greiz), officially called the Principality of Reuss Elder Line (German: Fürstentum Reuß älterer Linie) after 1848, was a state in the German Empire, ruled by members of the House of Reuss. The Counts Reuss of Greiz, Lower-Greiz and Upper-Greiz (German: Reuß zu Greiz, Untergreiz und Obergreiz) were elevated to princely status in 1778 and thereafter bore the title of Prince Reuss, Elder Line, or Prince Reuss of Greiz.

Similarly to the more numerous Reuss Junior Line, the male members of this house were all named "Heinrich", in honour of Emperor Heinrich VI, who had benefited the family. They were numbered sequentially by birth, rather than by reign, with the last series beginning with Heinrich I (born 1693) and ending with Heinrich XXIV (1878–1927).

The territory had an area of 317 km2 and over 72,000 inhabitants in 1910.

Reuss-Greiz preserved the Frankfurt Parliament flag, which later became the flag of Germany.
Ablative (Latin)
In Latin grammar, the ablative case (cāsus ablātīvus) is one of the six noun cases. Traditionally, it is the sixth case (cāsus sextus, cāsus latīnus). It has forms and functions derived from the Proto-Indo-European ablative, instrumental, and locative. It expresses concepts similar to those of the English prepositions from; with, by; and in, at.  It is sometimes called the adverbial case, since phrases in the ablative can be translated as adverbs: incrēdibilī celeritāte, 'with incredible speed', or 'very quickly'.

Noun
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence.

In linguistics, nouns constitute a lexical category (part of speech) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages.

In English, prototypical nouns are common nouns or proper nouns that can occur with determiners, articles and attributive adjectives, and can function as the head of a noun phrase. According to traditional and popular classification, pronouns are distinct from nouns, but in much modern theory they are considered a subclass of nouns.  Every language has various linguistic and grammatical distinctions between nouns and verbs.
Frank Huang
Frank Xin Huang (born September 5, 1978) is a Chinese-born American violinist and teacher.  Since 2015 he has been the concertmaster of the New York Philharmonic. Previous to his position in New York, Huang was the first violinist of the Ying Quartet and a professor of violin and chamber music at the Eastman School of Music, then served as the concertmaster of the Houston Symphony from 2010 to 2015. He has won several international music competitions, most notably the 2003 Naumburg Competition.  Huang has concertized widely as a soloist, and his debut recording on Naxos was critically acclaimed.

Eastman School of Music
The Eastman School of Music is the music school of the University of Rochester, a private research university in Rochester, New York, United States. Established in 1921 by celebrated industrialist and philanthropist George Eastman, it was the first professional school of the university.

The school offers Bachelor of Music (BM) degrees, Master of Arts (MA) degrees, Master of Music (MM) degrees, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees, and Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) degrees in various musical fields, along with a special dual degree with the College of Arts & Sciences for students with multiple interests. The school has three performing orchestras, the Eastman Philharmonia, the Eastman School Symphony Orchestra, and the Philharmonia Chamber Orchestra.

As of 2024, there were more than 950 students enrolled in the collegiate division of the Eastman School (approximately 500 undergraduate and 450 graduate students).
Congregational Library & Archives
The Congregational Library & Archives is an independent special collections library and archives. It is located on the second floor of the Congregational House at 14 Beacon Street in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. The Library was founded in 1853 by a gathering of Congregational ministers and has since evolved into a professional library and archives that holds more than 250,000 items, predominantly focused on 18th to 21st century American Congregational history. The Library's reading room is free and open to the public for research but the Library's stacks are closed and book borrowing privileges are extended exclusively to members.

Park Street Church
Park Street Congregational Church, founded in 1809, is a historic and active evangelical congregational church in Downtown Boston, Massachusetts, United States. The Park Street Church is a member of the Conservative Congregational Christian Conference. Church membership records are private, but the congregation has over 1,200 members. The church is located at 1 Park Street, at the corner of Tremont Street.
Creatine
Creatine (/ˈkriːətiːn/ or /ˈkriːətɪn/) is an organic compound that, in vertebrates, facilitates recycling of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), primarily in muscle and brain tissue. Its phosphorylated form, phosphocreatine, donates phosphate groups to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), turning it back into ATP. Creatine also acts as a buffer. It has the nominal formula (H2N)(HN)CN(CH3)CH2CO2H and in solutions, exists in various tautomers, including a neutral form and zwitterionic forms.

Buffer solution
A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical applications. In nature, there are many living systems that use buffering for pH regulation. For example, the bicarbonate buffering system is used to regulate the pH of blood, and bicarbonate also acts as a buffer in the ocean.
Vishera (Novgorod Oblast)
The Vishera (Russian: Вишера) is a river in Malovishersky and Novgorodsky Districts, Novgorod Oblast, Russia, a right tributary of the Maly Volkhovets, an eastern armlet of the Volkhov. It is 64 kilometres (40 mi) long, and drains a basin of 1,100 square kilometres (420 sq mi).

The Vishera river originates from the confluence of the Malaya Vishera (left) and the Bolshaya Vishera (right) several kilometers southwest of the town of Malaya Vishera, close to the border of Malovishersky and Novgorodsky Districts. From the confluence, the Vishera flows southwest and enters Novgorodsky District. Its mouth is located approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the city of Veliky Novgorod.

Novgorod Oblast
Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Новгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Novgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Veliky Novgorod. Some of the oldest Russian cities, including Veliky Novgorod and Staraya Russa, are located in the oblast. The historic monuments of Veliky Novgorod and surroundings have been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Population: 583,387 (2021 Census).