hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark I (detector)
The Mark I, also known as the SLAC-LBL Magnetic Detector, was a particle detector that operated at the interaction point of the SPEAR collider from 1973 to 1977. It was the first 4π detector, i.e. the first detector to uniformly cover as much of the 4π steradians (units of solid angle) around the interaction point as possible with different types of component particle detectors arranged in layers. This design proved quite successful, and the detector was used in discoveries of the J/ψ particle and tau lepton, which both resulted in Nobel Prizes (for Burton Richter in 1976 and Martin Lewis Perl in 1995). This basic design philosophy continues to be used in all modern collider detectors.

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL, Berkeley Lab) is a federally funded research and development center in the hills of Berkeley, California, United States. Established in 1931 by the University of California (UC), the laboratory is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy and administered by the UC system. Ernest Lawrence, who won the Nobel prize for inventing the cyclotron, founded the lab and served as its director until his death in 1958. Located in the Berkeley Hills, the lab overlooks the campus of the University of California, Berkeley.
Frederick Fison
Sir Frederick William Fison, 1st Baronet (4 December 1847 – 20 December 1927)
was an English mill-owner and Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1895 to 1906.

Fison was born at Bradford, the son of William Fison a manufacturer and his wife Fanny Whitaker. He was educated at Rugby School and Christ Church, Oxford. He was a spinner and manufacturer and became a Justice of the Peace (J.P.) and Deputy Lieutenant.

At the 1885 general election, Fison stood unsuccessfully for Parliament in Otley
and he was unsuccessful again in Buckrose in 1892. He finally entered the Commons at the 1895 general election, when he was elected as Member of Parliament for Doncaster, holding that seat until his defeat at the 1906 general election. He was created a baronet on 27 July 1905.

Fison died at the age of 80.

Fison married Isabella Crossley, daughter of Joseph Crossley, on 23 April 1872. Their son William Fison was an Olympic rower.

Buckrose (UK Parliament constituency)
Buckrose was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, comprising the northern part of the East Riding of Yorkshire, represented by one Member of Parliament, and was created for the 1885 general election.

Buckrose was abolished for the 1950 general election, when boundary changes reduced the East Riding's number of county constituencies from three to two, the eastern part of the constituency and most of the voters being included in the new Bridlington constituency and the remainder in the Beverley constituency.
Kendé, Mali
Kendé is a village and rural commune in the Cercle of Bandiagara of the Mopti Region of Mali. The commune contains five villages and at the time of the 2009 census had a population of 7,372.

The village of Kendé is situated on a plateau. Tommo So is spoken in the village. The local surname is Senguipiri [sèŋèpîl].

Tommo So
Tommo So is a language spoken in the eastern part of Mali's Mopti Region. It is placed under the Dogon language family, a subfamily of the Niger-Congo language family.

There are approximately 60,000 speakers of Tommo So. Of the twelve Dogon languages, it is the second-most common. It is classed as a 6a (vigorous) language under Ethnologue's language status classifications—the language is "used for face-to-face communication by all generations and the situation is sustainable." Children are still acquiring Tommo So as their first language. Bambara and French (Mali's lingua franca and national language) are common second languages for Tommo So speakers, with the former being common among those that have spent time in other areas of Mali, and the latter being used to communicate in the classroom or with foreigners.
Byron Erickson
Byron Erickson (born February 3, 1951, Tucson, Arizona) is an American editor and writer in the comic book industry. He works at Egmont on Disney comic books, and was formerly Don Rosa's editor.

Erickson began working at Another Rainbow Publishing in 1983, and when they received the license to publish Disney comics in the United States under the name of Gladstone Publishing, he became the editor. After Disney took over the license, Erickson left Gladstone Publishing for First Comics as an editor for various comics. He later moved to Denmark and joined Egmont (then known as Gutenberghus), first as editor/writer, then as editor-in-chief, and later as creative director.

First Comics
First Comics is an American comic book publisher that was active from 1983 to 1991 and then from 2011 to present (stylized as 1First Comics), known for titles like American Flagg!, Grimjack, Nexus, Badger, Dreadstar, and Jon Sable. Along with competitors like Pacific Comics and Eclipse Comics, First took early advantage of the growing direct market, attracting a number of writers and artists from DC and Marvel to produce creator-owned titles, which, as they were not subject to the Comics Code, were free to feature more mature content.
Karrharde Frisian
Karrharde Frisian is a dialect of the North Frisian language spoken in the municipalities of Stedesand and Enge-Sande in the German Amt of Südtondern (formerly Karrharde) in the district of Nordfriesland, Schleswig-Holstein. It is a mainland dialect of North Frisian. The language is in danger of extinction, having a dwindling number of native speakers and no formal schooling offered to educate younger speakers.

Amt
Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to a British or U.S. county.
Conor Phillips
Conor Phillips (born 7 September 1999) is an Irish rugby union player and reality tv star who is formerly a member of Munster's academy and the Ireland Rugby 7’s team. He plays as a wing and represents Terenure College RFC in the amateur All-Ireland League.

Grand Slam (rugby union)
In rugby union, a Grand Slam occurs when one team in the Six Nations Championship (or its Five Nations predecessor) beats all the others during one year's competition.  This has been achieved 42 times in total, for the first time by Wales in 1908, and most recently by the Irish team in 2023. The team with the most Grand Slams is England with 13.
It can also apply to the U20 and Women's Six Nations Championships.

In another context, a Grand Slam tour refers to a touring side – South Africa, Australia or New Zealand – which plays fixtures against all four home nations (England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales) during their tour. If the tourists win all of those matches, they are said to have achieved a Grand Slam. This has been done nine times, first by South Africa in 1912–13, and most recently by New Zealand in 2010.
Drop the Dead Donkey
Drop the Dead Donkey is a British television sitcom that was first shown on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom between 1990 and 1998. It is set in the offices of "GlobeLink News", a fictional TV news company. Recorded close to transmission, it made use of contemporary news events to give the programme a greater sense of realism. It was created by Andy Hamilton and Guy Jenkin. The series had an ensemble cast, making stars of Haydn Gwynne, Stephen Tompkinson and Neil Pearson.

The show was awarded the Best Comedy (Programme or Series) Award at the 1994 BAFTA Awards. At the British Comedy Awards the show won Best New TV Comedy in 1990, Best Channel 4 Comedy in 1991, and Best Channel 4 Sitcom in 1994.

In 2000, the show was ranked 94 on the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes, a list compiled by the British Film Institute.

British Academy Television Award for Best Comedy (Programme or Series)
The British Academy Television Award for Best Comedy Entertainment Programme or Series was first presented at the 1981 ceremony. According to British Academy of Film and Television Arts the category "includes programmes that capture the idea of comedy being central to the editorial of the programme and includes panel-led shows, chat shows where comic content plays a big part, stand-up and comedy clip shows".

Since the 2000 BAFTA TV Award ceremony there has been a separate award category for Best Situation Comedy. This category had previously been presented from 1973-1980 (when there was no Best Comedy Series award). Throughout the 1980s and 1990s 'Situation Comedies' were included in the Best Comedy Programme or Series category.

Name variations for this category:

1981–1992: Best Comedy Series

1992–2007: Best Comedy Programme or Series

2007–2013: Best Comedy Programme

2014–present: Best Comedy and Comedy Entertainment Programme
Spark (Taeyeon song)
"Spark" (Korean: 불티, romanized: Bulti) is a song recorded by South Korean singer Taeyeon for her second studio album Purpose. It was released on October 28, 2019, as the album's lead single by SM Entertainment on October 28, 2019. The song was written by Kenzie, and composed by Kenzie, Anne Judith Wik and Ronny Svendsen. It was described as an alternative soul pop song incorporating intense melody with emotions and Taeyeon's overwhelming vocals and the lyrics contains various metaphors that expresses her identity.

The song debuted at number two on the Gaon Digital Chart. The song additionally charted at number 25 on the Billboard World Digital Songs and debuted at number two on Billboard K-pop Hot 100.

Romanization of Korean
The romanization of Korean is the use of the Latin script to transcribe the Korean language.

There are multiple romanization systems in common use. The two most prominent systems are McCune–Reischauer (MR) and Revised Romanization (RR). MR is almost universally used in Western academic Korean studies, and a variant of it has been the official system of North Korea since 1992. RR is the official system of South Korea and has been in use since 2000.

The earliest romanization systems for Korean emerged around the mid-19th century. Due to a number of factors, including the properties of the Korean language and alphabet, as well as social and geopolitical issues, a single settled standard did not emerge. By 1934, there were 27 extant romanization systems, and by 1997, there were over 40.
Casper Bouman
Casper Bouman (born 2 October 1985, in The Hague) is a windsurfer from the Netherlands. Bouman represented his country at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Qingdao. Bouman took 15th place on the Men's RS:X.

Nowadays Bouman is Sports coach and Professional Surfer.

Windsurfing
Windsurfing is a wind-propelled water sport that is a combination of sailing and surfing. It is also referred to as "sailboarding" and "boardsailing", and emerged in the late 1960s from the Californian aerospace and surf culture. Windsurfing gained a popular following across Europe and North America by the late 1970s and had achieved significant global popularity by the 1980s. Windsurfing became an Olympic sport in 1984.
Uriaș
Uriaș (plural uriași) is the common Romanian-language designation of giants, who are prominent figures in Romanian folklore. There are several varieties of uriași, who share most of their traits but have different names from one historical region of Romania to another.

Jidovi is the term used mainly in Oltenia, and its bearers are supposed to be creators of large mounds, and, in some legends, they play an evil role.

Novaci is used mainly in Muntenia, for creatures who are mainly associated with the Southern Carpathians.

Oltenia
Oltenia (Romanian pronunciation: [olˈtenia]), also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions – with the alternative Latin names Wallachia Minor, Wallachia Alutana, and Wallachia Caesarea between 1718 and 1739 – is a historical province and geographical region of Romania in western Wallachia. It is situated between the Danube, the Southern Carpathians and the Olt river.
Jehu (given name)
Jehu is a masculine given name. The best known of that name is Jehu, a king of Israel in the Bible. There is also another biblical Jehu (prophet). Others bearing the name include:

Jehu V. Chase (1869–1937), United States Navy rear admiral and Commander-in-Chief of the United States Fleet

Jehu Chesson (born 1993), American National Football League player

Jehu Chiapas (born 1984), Mexican footballer

Jehu Davis (1738–1802), American planter and politician

Jehu Elliott (1813–1876), Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court

Jehu Eyre (1738–1781), American businessman and veteran of the French and Indian War and American Revolutionary War

Jehu Grant (c. 1752–1840), runaway slave who served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War

Jehu Grubb (c. 1781–1854), American politician

Yehu Orland (born 1981), Israeli basketball player and coach

Jehu Davis
John (Jehu) Davis (1738 – May 11, 1802) was an American planter and politician from Mispillion Hundred, in Kent County, Delaware, west of Milford. He served in the Delaware General Assembly and as President of Delaware.
Roadblock (film)
Roadblock is a 1951 American film noir starring Charles McGraw and Joan Dixon. The 73-minute crime thriller was shot on location in Los Angeles. The film was directed by Harold Daniels and the cinematography is by Nicholas Musuraca.

Nicholas Musuraca
Nicholas Musuraca, A.S.C. (October 25, 1892 – September 3, 1975) was a motion-picture cinematographer best remembered for his work at RKO Pictures in the 1940s, including many of Val Lewton's series of B-picture horror films.
LaJohntay Wester
LaJohntay Wester (born March 29, 2002) is an American professional football wide receiver and punt returner for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Florida Atlantic Owls and Colorado Buffaloes. Wester was selected by the Ravens in the sixth round of the 2025 NFL draft.

Return specialist
A return specialist, subcategorized as kick or punt returners, is a player on the special teams unit of a gridiron football team who specializes in returning kickoffs and punts. There are few players who are exclusively return specialists; most also play another position such as wide receiver, cornerback, or running back. The special teams counterpart of a return specialist is a kicking specialist.

According to All-American Venric Mark, "Returning punts is harder. You have to judge the ball more, you have to know when to fair catch and when not to. You can't be a superhero and try to catch everything. With kickoff returns, you catch the ball and—boom—you're going."
U-S-A!
"U-S-A!" is a chant of the United States of America's initials, popular in expressing American pride. It is often used at political demonstrations, sports events, holiday celebrations such as Independence Day, and other community events both in the United States and overseas among American diaspora and tourists. First documented in 1918 at a Bethlehem Steel plant in Lebanon, Pennsylvania, the chant is perceived as both a powerful display of American unity and love of the country.

Emigration from the United States
Emigration from the United States is the process where citizens and nationals from the United States move to live in countries other than the US, creating an American Diaspora (Overseas Americans). The process is the reverse of the immigration to the United States. The United States does not keep track of emigration and counts of Americans abroad are thus only available based on statistics kept by the destination countries.
Vehicle registration plates of North Korea
North Korea has issued registration plates for all government and privately owned vehicles since 1947. The system is loosely based on that found in Japan insofar as numerical prefixes are applied to denote a particular type or class of vehicle.

North Hamgyong Province
North Hamgyong Province (Hamgyŏngbukdo, Korean pronunciation: [ham.ɡjʌŋ.buk̚.t͈o]) is the northernmost province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former Hamgyong Province.
Oscar M. Babauta
Oscar Manglona Babauta (December 29, 1954 – March 17, 2025) was a politician from the Northern Marianas Islands who served as the 12th Speaker of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives during the 15th Commonwealth Legislature.

Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives
The Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives is the lower house of the Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Legislature.

In the 2007 election cycle, the CNMI House membership was increased from 18 to 20. Representatives serve two-year terms and are elected from seven election districts:

District 1: Saipan (6 seats)

District 2: Saipan (2 seats)

District 3: Saipan & the Northern Islands (6 seats)

District 4: Saipan (2 seats)

District 5: Saipan (2 seats)

District 6: Tinian (1 seat)

District 7: Rota & Aguiguan (1 seat)

The Speaker of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives is chosen by the House from among its members.
Stone Corral, California
The Stone Corral in Rancho Calaveras, California in Calaveras County is historical site of the old west California Gold Rush. The Stone Corral site is a California Historical Landmark No. 263 listed on September 3, 1937. The Stone Corral had a hotel, barns. It was named after the large horses and cattle corrals it had. The stop was built to support those stopping on their way from local mines to Stockton, California.  On the road at the Stone Corral a Methodist church, the Stone Corral Community Church was built. The Stone Corral Community Church lost in 1913 fire, but was rebuilt and still stand in Stone Corral. The site is on the current California State Route 26, near Shelton Road, north of the Calaveras River and west of the Jenny Lind, California.

California State Route 26
State Route 26 (SR 26) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California, running from State Route 99 in Stockton in San Joaquin County to State Route 88 near Pioneer in Amador County. The highway is routed to serve Mokelumne Hill and West Point in Calaveras County.
Lagana (bread)
Lagana (Greek: λαγάνα, from λάγανον) is a Greek flatbread traditionally baked for Clean Monday, the first day of the Great Lent. Traditionally, it was prepared unleavened (without the yeast), but leavened lagana is nowadays more common. It is typically flat, oval-shaped, with surface decorated by impressing fingertips.

Sesame seeds are a common topping, and it may also be topped with other herbs, and seasoned with olive oil. The name comes from a Greco-Roman pastry dough lagana, which is also the origin of the word lasagna, also known as tracta, from Ancient Greek: τρακτὸς.

Leavening agent
In cooking, a leavening agent (/ˈlɛvənɪŋ/) or raising agent, also called a leaven (/ˈlɛvən/) or leavener, is any one of a number of substances used in doughs and batters that cause a foaming action (gas bubbles) that lightens and softens the mixture. An alternative or supplement to leavening agents is mechanical action by which air is incorporated (i.e. kneading). Leavening agents can be biological or synthetic chemical compounds. The gas produced is often carbon dioxide, or occasionally hydrogen.

When a dough or batter is mixed, the starch in the flour and the water in the dough form a matrix (often supported further by proteins like gluten or polysaccharides, such as pentosans or xanthan gum). The starch then gelatinizes and sets, leaving gas bubbles that remain.
Snowskate
A snowskate is a snow sliding device which can be described as a hybrid of a snowboard, and a skateboard. Unlike a snowboard which uses bindings to secure the board to a riders feet, a snowskate is typically bindingless. The lack of bindings allows the rider to perform more skateboard-like flip tricks on the snow as opposed to what can be done on a traditional snowboard. Although the bindingless nature of the snowskate allows for the aforementioned skateboard-like tricks, snowskates can also be ridden in a style similar to traditional snowboarding, but with the added challenge and freedom of riding and carving bindingless. There are many types of snowskates depending on the brand and styling of riding, but the most common are single deck and bi-level snowskates.

Skateboard
A skateboard is a type of sports equipment used for skateboarding. It is usually made of a specially designed 7–8-ply maple plywood deck and has polyurethane wheels attached to the underside by a pair of skateboarding trucks.

The skateboard moves by pushing with one foot while the other foot remains balanced on the board, or by pumping one's legs in structures such as a bowl or half pipe. A skateboard can also be used by standing on the deck while on a downward slope and allowing gravity to propel the board and the rider. If the rider's leading foot is their left foot, they are said to ride "regular". Conversely, they are said to ride "goofy" if their leading foot is their right foot.

The two main types of skateboards are the longboard and shortboard. The shape of the board is also important: the skateboard must be concaved to perform tricks.
Mustapha Amin
Group Captain Mustapha A. Amin was the first governor of Borno State, Nigeria from March 1976 to July 1978 during the military regime of General Olusegun Obasanjo, after that state had been formed when North-Eastern State was divided into Bauchi, Borno, and Gongola states.

Amin was a Group Captain in the Nigerian Airforce when appointed governor by the supreme military council.
In an attempt to stop desert encroachment, he imposed restriction on tree cutting permits and made it an offence to set fires to clear the land.
He called for establishment on an inland port to serve Lake Chad.

Gongola State
Gongola State is a former administrative division of Nigeria. It was created on 3 February 1976 from the Adamawa and Sardauna Provinces of North State, together with the Wukari Division of the then Benue-Plateau State. It existed until 27 August 1991, when it was divided into two states - Adamawa and Taraba. Its capital city was Yola.
Railway Museum Kościerzyna
The Railway Museum in Kościerzyna (Polish: Muzeum Kolejnictwa w Kościerzynie) is a Polish railway museum located in Kościerzyna, Pomeranian Voivodeship. The museum is located in place of a now defunct locomotive depot near Kościerzyna railway station.

The exhibits consists mostly of steam locomotives, but several diesel and electric locomotives, as well as electric multiple units and diesel multiple units are also available for visitors.

Besides rolling stock displayed in the open air, inside the shed visitors can also see several exhibitions of machines and devices connected with Polish railway history.

Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive is a steam locomotive which carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of a more traditional tender. Most tank engines also have bunkers (or fuel tanks) to hold fuel; in a tender-tank locomotive a tender holds some or all of the fuel, and may hold some water also.

There are several different types of tank locomotive, distinguished by the position and style of the water tanks and fuel bunkers. The most common type has tanks mounted either side of the boiler. This type originated about 1840 and quickly became popular for industrial tasks, and later for shunting and shorter-distance main line duties.

Tank locomotives have advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional locomotives that required a separate tender to carry needed water and fuel.