hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mount Ridgway
Mount Ridgway is a 13,468-foot-elevation (4,105-meter) mountain summit located in Ouray County of southwest Colorado, United States. It is situated five miles west of the community of Ouray, on land managed by Uncompahgre National Forest. It is part of the Sneffels Range which is a subset of the San Juan Mountains, which in turn is part of the Rocky Mountains. It is west of the Continental Divide, 2.2 miles east-northeast of Mount Sneffels, and 0.95 miles southwest of Whitehouse Mountain, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Topographic relief is significant as the west aspect rises 3,000 feet (910 meters) above Blaine Basin in one mile.

Terrain
Terrain (from Latin  terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of a land. In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.
Cheat minnow
The cheat minnow is a hybrid demersal, freshwater fish endemic to the United States, most commonly found in the Ohio River basin. Originally considered the only species in the genus Pararhinichthys as Pararhinichthys bowersi, more recent studies suggest that it is an F1 hybrid of Rhinichthys cataractae and Nocomis micropogon. It is no longer recognized as a distinct taxon by Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes.

Demersal zone
The demersal zone (from Latin demergere, "to sink") is the part of the sea or ocean (or deep lake) consisting of the part of the water column near to (and significantly affected by) the seabed and the benthos. The demersal zone is just above the benthic zone and forms a layer of the larger profundal zone.

Being just above the ocean floor, the demersal zone is variable in depth and can be part of the photic zone where light can penetrate, and photosynthetic organisms grow, or the aphotic zone, which begins between depths of roughly 200 and 1,000 m (700 and 3,300 ft) and extends to the ocean depths, where no light penetrates.
Thomas G. Kavanagh
Thomas Giles Kavanagh (August 14, 1917 – February 20, 1997) was an American jurist.

Born in Bay City, Michigan, Kavanagh graduated from the University of Detroit High School. He then received his bachelor's degree from University of Notre Dame in 1938 and his law degree from University of Detroit Mercy School of Law in 1943. In 1964, Kavanagh was elected to the Michigan Court of Appeals. From 1969 until 1985, Kavanagh served on the Michigan Supreme Court and was chief justice from 1975 to 1979. Kavanagh was a Democrat. He died in Royal Oak, Michigan of lung cancer.

Bay City, Michigan
Bay City is a city in Bay County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The population was 32,661 at the 2020 census. The city is located just upriver from the Saginaw Bay on the Saginaw River. It is the principal city of the Bay City metropolitan area, which is coterminous with Bay County as part of the larger Greater Tri-Cities region of Central Michigan. Several historic bridges cross the Saginaw River in Bay City, including Liberty Bridge, Veterans Memorial Bridge, Independence Bridge, and Lafayette Avenue Bridge.
Scotch Creek (British Columbia)
Scotch Creek is a stream in the British Columbia Interior of Canada, located on the north side of Shuswap Lake.  It is part of the Thompson River watershed, which is a tributary to the Fraser River.  It flows from the Shuswap Highlands into Shuswap Lake just west of the community of Scotch Creek.  It was named for Scottish gold prospectors who worked the creek with placer mining operations in the 1860s. The creek's headwaters are near Pukeshun Mountain, and flow southwest and south for 56.5 kilometres (35.1 mi). The creek supports sockeye salmon, which breed in the creek during a small salmon run in the autumn. The salmon run usually sees between 1,000 and 18,000 fish return to the river.

Pukeashun Mountain
Pukeashun Mountain is a peak in the Monashee Mountains in British Columbia, Canada.  It is the highest point in the Adams Plateau, part of the Shuswap Highlands.   The peak is the main feature of Pukeashun Provincial Park.  Its name means "white rock" in the local Secwepemc language.
Tagraxofusp
Tagraxofusp, sold under the brand name Elzonris, is an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN).

Tagraxofusp is a fusion protein consisting of interleukin 3 (IL-3) fused to diphtheria toxin. The fusion protein readily kills cultured pDC by binding to their IL-3 receptors to thereby gain entrance to the cells and then blocking these cells' protein synthesis (due to its diphtheria toxin portion inhibiting eukaryotic elongation factor 2).

It was approved for use in the United States in 2018, and in the European Union in January 2021. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Diphtheria toxin
Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted mainly by Corynebacterium diphtheriae (but also by Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis),  the pathogenic bacterium that causes diphtheria. The toxin gene is encoded by a prophage called corynephage β.
The toxin causes the disease in humans by gaining entry into the cell cytoplasm and inhibiting protein synthesis.
Fall River (Connecticut River tributary)
42°36′50″N 72°33′8″W﻿ / ﻿42.61389°N 72.55222°W﻿ / 42.61389; -72.55222

The Fall River is a 14.1-mile-long (22.7 km) river in southern Vermont and northern Massachusetts, joining the Connecticut River just downstream from Turners Falls, Massachusetts.

The river rises on the eastern slopes of East Mountain in Guilford, Vermont, and flows southward into Bernardston, Massachusetts. For nearly its entire length in Bernardston it is followed by U.S. Route 5 and Interstate 91, flowing for most of that distance between the two highways. South of Bernardston the river forms the boundary between the town of Gill and the city of Greenfield. The Fall River enters the Connecticut River directly across from the village of Turners Falls within the town of Montague and just downstream from the Turners Falls dam.

Montague, Massachusetts
Montague is a town in Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 8,580 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts metropolitan statistical area.

The villages of Montague Center, Montague City, Lake Pleasant, Millers Falls (which it shares with Erving), and Turners Falls are located in the town of Montague; Turners Falls, comprising over half the population of the town and its main business district, is sometimes used as a metonym for the entire town of Montague.
Abdul Ahmad Zahedi Niqala
Doctor
Abdul Ahmad Zahedi Niqala
came to serve to represent Ghazni Province in Afghanistan's Meshrano Jirga, the lower house of its National Legislature, in 2005.

He is a member of the Hazara ethnic group.
He practiced medicine first for an aid group
from Sweden, and then in private practice
in Qarabaqh.

Ghazni Province
Ghazni (Pashto: غزني, Pashto pronunciation: [ɣaz.ni]; Dari: غزنی, Dari pronunciation: [ɣäz.níː]), is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in southeastern Afghanistan. The province contains 19 districts, encompassing over a thousand villages and roughly 1.3 million people, making it the 5th most populous province. The city of Ghazni serves as the capital. It lies on the important Kabul–Kandahar Highway, and has historically functioned as an important trade center. The Ghazni Airport is located next to the city of Ghazni and provides limited domestic flights to Afghanistan's capital, Kabul.

Ghazni borders the provinces of Maidan Wardak, Logar, Paktia, Paktika, Zabul, Uruzgan, Daykundi and Bamyan.
C-Tractor
C-Tractor is a class of fourteen tractor tugs built by North American Shipbuilding Company between 1989 and 1993 for Alpha Marine Services, a subsidiary of Edison Chouest Offshore. The lead ship of the class was William M , also known as C-Tractor 1

C-Tractors measure 189 GT. They are propelled by Z-drive pods, powered by twin EMD 16-645 engines rated at 4,000 shaft horsepower (3,000 kW). The tugs mount fore and aft fire-fighting monitors, capable of pumping a total of 3,500 US gallons per minute (790 m3/h).

In 2005, C-Tractor 1 was sold to Bay-Houston Towing Company and based in Corpus Christi, Texas.  Her sister ships continue to be owned by Alpha Marine; six – C-Tractor 2, C-Tractor 3, C-Tractor 4, C-Tractor 5, C-Tractor 12, C-Tractor 13 – were at one point chartered to the United States Navy.

Z-drive
A Z-drive is a type of marine propulsion unit. Specifically, it is an azimuth thruster. The pod can rotate 360 degrees allowing for rapid changes in thrust direction and thus vessel direction. This eliminates the need for a conventional rudder.

The Z-drive is so named because of the appearance (in cross section) of the mechanical driveshaft or transmission configuration used to connect the mechanically supplied driving energy to the Z-drive azimuth thruster device. This form of power transmission is called a Z-drive because the rotary motion has to make two right angle turns, thus resembling the letter "Z". This name is used to differentiate the arrangement of drive to that of the L-drive. It does not refer to an electric motor in a rotating pod.

The device differs from a cyclorotor, which can also quickly change the direction of thrust, as the Z-drive uses a shrouded conventional screw that pivots or rotates the propeller, unlike the variable-geometry blades of a cyclorotor.
Baynun fortress
Baynun fortress was an ancient fortress in Yemen, not far from Sana'a. The geographical dictionary of Yaqut reports that it was a large fortress near San'a' that had been built by Solomon along with Salhin. The ruins of the fortress are on top of a mountain, an ancient site referred to by some as an-Nasla meaning "the dagger of jambiyya". Two sets of ruins of ancient towns exist in the area which were known as ad-Dakhala and Minara. It was a Himyarite stronghold and al-Hamdani reported that King As'ad Tubba' used the fortress as his residence for some time;
legend has it that an older Sabaean fortification of Baynun had been constructed for the Queen of Sheba and had been given to her by Solomon. Yaqut claimed it was destroyed during the Abyssinian conquest by the Aksumites in the 6th century, specifically the year 525 in order to overthrow Dhu Nuwas. The poet Dhu Jadan al-Himyari wrote about the destruction of Baynun.

Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani
Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn Aḥmad ibn Yaʿqūb al-Hamdānī (Arabic: أبو محمد الحسن بن أحمد بن يعقوب الهمداني, 279/280-333/334 A.H.;  c. 893 – 947;) was an Arab Muslim geographer, chemist, poet, grammarian, historian, and astronomer, from the tribe of Banu Hamdan, western 'Amran, Yemen. He was one of the best representatives of Islamic culture during the last period of the Abbasid Caliphate. His work was the subject of extensive 19th-century Austrian scholarship.
Tail (song)
"Tail" (Korean: 꼬리; RR: Kkori; stylized in all caps) is a song by South Korean singer and songwriter Sunmi. It was released as a standalone single on February 23, 2021, through Abyss Company. "Tail" was made available for digital download and streaming, and includes the B-side track "What the Flower". Both recordings were written by Sunmi, with additional production credits handled by Frants on "Tail" and Hong Song-jin on the B-side. The song is also notable for its distinctive choreography.

Musically, "Tail" is a dance and city pop song which conveys her instinctive feelings regarding love, similar to how "animals use their tail to express their emotions". Commercially, "Tail" peaked at number 22 on the Gaon Digital Chart.

Circle Digital Chart
The Circle Digital Chart, previously known as the Gaon Digital Chart, is the music industry standard record chart ranking the 200 most popular singles in South Korea. It provides rankings on a weekly, monthly, and yearly basis, which is based on an aggregate of streaming, downloads and background music from major South Korean music platforms, as well as video ringback tone sales from the V Coloring app. It is a part of the Circle Chart, previously known as the Gaon Chart.
Chidi Kwubiri
Chidi Kwubiri (* 1966 - 26 December 2025 in Umuahia, Nigeria) was a Nigerian-German visual artist.

Chidi Kwubiri was first a guest student in 1993 and shortly thereafter a regular student (painting) at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf under Michael Buthe. After Buthe's death in 1994, he changed to the masterclass of A. R. Penck and left the Düsseldorf Art Academy in 2002 as a master class student of  A. R. Penck.

Since 2000, Kwubiri lived with his family in Pulheim near Cologne, where he had his studio at the WALZWERK, a converted historical industrial complex. Chidi Kwubiri had numerous international solo and group exhibitions in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and the USA. In 2016 he designed the MISEREOR lenten veil, which has a tradition of over 40 years, for the global MISEREOR Lenten Campaigns 2017/2018

Pulheim
Pulheim (German pronunciation: [ˈpʊlhaɪm] ⓘ; Ripuarian: Pullem) is a town in the Rhein-Erft-Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

Since the 1920s, a large substation of the Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk AG (RWE) is located at Pulheim. It is the end of the North–South Powerline and a large control center for the power grid of the RWE.

In the communal reform of 1975, several previously independent municipalities were added to the municipality Pulheim, which received city rights in 1981. Pulheim consists of 12 quarters (Stadtteile), including Brauweiler, Geyen and Stommeln.
Per Hysing-Dahl
Per Hysing-Dahl, DFC & Bar (born 31 July 1920 in Bergen, died 7 April 1989) was a Norwegian resistance member, pilot, industry manager and politician for the Conservative Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Hordaland in 1969, and was re-elected on three occasions. During the term 8 October 1981–30 September 1985 he was President of the Storting.

On the local level he was a member of Fana municipality council from 1959 to 1967. He chaired the county party chapter from 1971 to 1972.

Hordaland
Hordaland (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈhɔ̂rdɑlɑn] ⓘ) was a county in Norway, bordering Sogn og Fjordane, Buskerud, Telemark, and Rogaland counties. Hordaland was the third largest county, after Akershus and Oslo, by population. The county government was the Hordaland County Municipality, which is located in Bergen. Before 1972, the city of Bergen was its own separate county, apart from Hordaland. On 1 January 2020, the county was merged with neighbouring Sogn og Fjordane county, to form the new Vestland county.
2009 Bonnaroo Music Festival
The 2009 Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival was held from June 11 to 14, 2009 at a 700-acre (2.8 km2) farm in Manchester, Tennessee. There were roughly 75,000 people in attendance. The onset of Bonnaroo 2009 was punctuated by monstrous thunderstorms. Thursday night included heavy rain, lightning, strong winds and hail. A lighter storm passed over the farm on Friday. The resulting mud became a hardship for some and a plaything for others.

Butterfinger
Butterfinger is a candy bar manufactured by US based Ferrara Candy Company, a subsidiary of Ferrero. It is manufactured internationally by Nestlé. It consists of a layered crisp peanut butter core covered in a chocolate-like coating; the coating is not eligible to be described as chocolate, as it contains no cocoa butter. Butterfinger was invented by Otto Schnering of the Curtiss Candy Company in 1923. A popularity contest chose the name.

In its early years, the Butterfinger was promoted by Shirley Temple in the 1934 film Baby Take a Bow. It was advertised by characters from The Simpsons (most notably Bart Simpson) from 1988 to 2001.
Paul Lafrance
Paul Lafrance is a Canadian television personality on HGTV Canada. Born in Wimbledon, England, he is based in Pickering.

Lafrance has been a host on shows including Decked Out, Deck Wars, and is a celebrity judge on the second season of Canada's Handyman Challenge. He is also the host of Disaster Deck, a new series that is still in beginning phases of preparation and casting.

HGTV (Canada)
HGTV is a Canadian exempt discretionary specialty channel owned by the Toronto-based Rogers Sports & Media. Based on the U.S. cable network of the same name, it broadcasts programming related to real estate, home and garden design, and renovation.
David A. Lane
David Avra Lane (born 1945) is an American economist, who developed the theory of artifact innovation. At the Santa Fe Institute he has been defining the notion of economic complexity and the Santa Fe approach. He is professor of economics at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia and research fellow at the European Centre for Living Technology.

In 1987 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association.

University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (Italian: Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia), located in Modena and Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, is one of the oldest universities in Europe, founded in 1175, with a population of 20,000 students.

The medieval university disappeared by 1338 and was replaced by "three public lectureships" which did not award degrees and were suspended in the 1590s "for lack of money". The university was not reestablished in Modena until the 1680s and did not receive an imperial charter until 1685.

Some famous students who attended the university include Ludovico Antonio Muratori, a noted Italian historian and scholar who graduated in 1694, the playwright Carlo Goldoni in the 17th century and, in the last century, Sandro Pertini, who became President of the Italian Republic.
Ratchet & Clank: Going Mobile
Ratchet & Clank: Going Mobile is a platform shooter mobile game developed by Handheld Games and published by Sony Pictures Mobile. It is a spin-off of Sony Computer Entertainment's Ratchet & Clank series.

Sony Pictures Mobile
Sony Pictures Mobile is an American mobile entertainment licenser and publisher specialising in branded mobile video games and personalisation products, which are available for download via mobile devices through Sony Pictures Mobile's distribution relationships with wireless providers and networks worldwide.

Sony Pictures Mobile is a division of Sony Pictures Digital, a Sony Pictures Entertainment company. Sony Pictures Entertainment is part of Sony Entertainment Inc. a Sony company.
Adrenaline Rush (film)
Adrenaline Rush: The Science of Risk is a 2002 IMAX documentary film that explores the human biology behind risk-taking—why it gives some people such a powerful physical lift, and why the human mind and body craves danger. In addition, filmmaker Marc Fafard presents an up-close look at two of the most dangerous and exciting human pastimes: parachuting and base-jumping. The Globe and Mail gave it a rating of .

Parachuting
Parachuting and skydiving are methods of descending from altitude  to the surface using the power of gravity, and a parachute.

The three phases of parachuting are freefall, parachute deployment and landing.
Skydiving takes place during the freefall phase where the parachute has not yet been deployed and the body accelerates to terminal velocity.
Bracken Ridge State High School
Bracken Ridge State High School (BRSHS) is a public co-educational secondary school located in the Brisbane suburb of Bracken Ridge (Queensland, Australia), serving the suburbs of Brighton, Bracken Ridge, Nashville, Sandgate, Shorncliffe, and Bald Hills. It is administered by the Queensland Department of Education. The school is located within the Bracken Ridge ward of Brisbane City Council.

Shorncliffe, Queensland
Shorncliffe is a coastal north-eastern suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is on the shore of Bramble Bay, part of Moreton Bay. The suburb attracts visitors to its historic Shorncliffe pier, and Lovers Walk, a walking path along the coastline between Shorncliffe and neighbouring Sandgate. In the 2021 census, Shorncliffe had a population of 1,907 people.
Green Without Borders
Green Without Borders (Arabic: أخضر بلا حدود), is a Lebanese NGO established in 2013, claiming to focus on environmental conservation through activities like reforestation, firefighting, and creating public parks, primarily in South Lebanon and the Beqa’a Valley. While GWB states its mission is to protect Lebanon's natural resources and promote sustainable development, it has faced significant controversy. Allegations from Israeli intelligence, the U.S. Department of the Treasury, and United Nations show that the organization may operate as a front for Hezbollah, the Iran backed Shiite militant group. Its chairman, Zuhair Subhi Nahla, is publicly affiliated with Hezbollah and expresses loyalty to Iranian leader Ali Khamenei.

Southern Lebanon
Southern Lebanon (Arabic: جنوب لبنان, romanized: Janūb Lubnān) is the area of Lebanon comprising the South Governorate and the Nabatiye Governorate. The two entities were divided from the same province in the early 1990s. The Rashaya and Western Beqaa districts, the southernmost districts of the Beqaa Governorate.

The main cities of the region are Sidon and Tyre on the coast, with Jezzine and Nabatiyeh more inland. The cazas of Bint Jbeil, Tyre, and Nabatieh in Southern Lebanon are known for their large Shi'a Muslim population with a minority of Christians. Sidon is predominantly Sunni, with the rest of the caza of Sidon having a Shi'a Muslim majority, with a considerable Christian minority, mainly Melkite Greek Catholics. The cazas of Jezzine and Marjeyoun have a Christian majority and also Shia Muslims. The villages of Ain Ebel, Debel, Qaouzah, and Rmaich are entirely Christian Maronite. The caza of Hasbaya has a Druze majority.
King of Hearts (1936 film)
King of Hearts is a 1936 British romance film directed by Oswald Mitchell and Walter Tennyson and starring Will Fyffe, Richard Dolman and Googie Withers. It was produced by Butcher's Film Service, and made at Cricklewood Studios in London.

Cricklewood Studios
Cricklewood Studios, also known as the Stoll Film Studios, were British film studios located in Cricklewood, London which operated from 1920 to 1938. Run by Sir Oswald Stoll as the principal base for his newly formed Stoll Pictures, which also operated Surbiton Studios, the studio was the largest in the British Isles at that time. It was later used for the production of "quota quickies" (to meet the requirements of the Cinematograph Films Act 1927). In 1938, the studios were sold off for non-film use.
2024 Durand Cup group stage
The 2024 IndianOil Durand Cup group stage will be played from July to 31 August 2024. A total of 24 teams, consisting 13 ISL clubs, 2 I-League clubs, 2 regional league team, 6 Indian Armed Forces teams and 1 Foreign armed force teams, compete in the group stage to decide the 8 places in the knockout stage.

Kishore Bharati Krirangan
Kishore Bharati Krirangan (commonly known as Mukundapur Stadium) is a multi-purpose stadium in Kolkata, West Bengal. used mainly for football matches. The capacity of the stadium is 12,000 and the size of the sports complex is 13 acres. The stadium plays host to Mohammedan SC's non-derby Indian Super League matches and lower division Calcutta Football League matches.  It has occasionally hosted Calcutta Premier Division matches. Sports meets of different schools are also held here.