hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Deborah McCawley
Deborah J. McCawley KC is a judge of the Court of King's Bench of Manitoba. She was appointed the position on September 17, 1997 when she replaced Gerald O. Jewers, who had chosen to become a supernumerary judge.

Prior to her appointment to the bench, McCawley had been the chief executive officer of the Law Society of Manitoba since 1988. She graduated in law from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1975, and was called to the Manitoba Bar in 1976. She practised civil litigation and family law in Winnipeg until 1980, when she became deputy chief executive officer of the Law Society of Manitoba. From 1985 to 1988, she was a sessional lecturer at the Faculty of Law at the University of Manitoba, on the topic of ethics and professional responsibility. She has also served as president of Lawyers' Excess Liability Insurance (Manitoba) Ltd., and was a member of the Canadian Lawyers Insurance Association Advisory Board and its Claims Administration Committee.

McCawley is married to Otto Lang.

Osgoode Hall Law School
Osgoode Hall Law School, commonly shortened to Osgoode, is the law school of York University in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is home to the Law Commission of Ontario, the Journal of Law and Social Policy, and the Osgoode Hall Law Journal. A variety of J.D. LL.M. and Ph.D. degrees in law are available. Osgoode is widely considered to be one of the top law schools in Canada, ranking second in the country according to the most recent rankings by Maclean.

The law school's alumni include two Canadian prime ministers, four Attorneys General, eight premiers of Ontario, four Mayors of Toronto, eleven Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada, four of whom were Chief Justices, and one Academy Award nominee. The current dean of the law school is Trevor C.W. Farrow.
2020 Arab Cup U-20
The 2020 Arab Cup U-20 was the sixth edition of the Arab Cup U-20 organised by the Union of Arab Football Associations (UAFA) for the men's under-20 national teams of the Arab world. It is the first tournament played in nearly eight years. The competition took place in Saudi Arabia between 17 February and 4 March. It was held in Dammam, Khobar and Riyadh.

Union of Arab Football Associations
The Union of Arab Football Associations (UAFA; Arabic: الاتحاد العربي لكرة القدم; French: Union des associations de football arabe) is the governing body of football in the Arab League. Established in 1974, UAFA is an independent body comprising 22 member associations: twelve from Asia and ten from Africa.

UAFA organises a number of competitions, most notably the Arab Cup for national teams (which has been organised by FIFA since 2021) and the Arab Club Champions Cup for club teams.
Canadian Electronic Ensemble
The Canadian Electronic Ensemble (CEE) is a Canadian electronic music ensemble based in Toronto, Ontario. Founded in 1971 by David Grimes, David Jaeger, Larry Lake and James Montgomery, it is the oldest continuously active live-electronic performing group in the world. In 1984, they performed at the International Society for Contemporary Music's World Music Days Festival. In 1986 they joined the Toronto Symphony Orchestra to perform the world premiere of Steven Gellman's Universe Symphony. The ensemble has also appeared in concerts with the Orchestre Métropolitain de Montréal, the Ottawa Symphony Orchestra, and the Vancouver Symphony Orchestra. Since 1974, the CEE has presented an annual concert series in Toronto. They have also given regular international tours since 1975. Since 1985, Lake has served as the CEE's Artistic Director. The ensemble's other current members are Jaeger, Montgomery, Paul Stillwell, Rose Bolton, John Farah, and David Sutherland.

Toronto Symphony Orchestra
The Toronto Symphony Orchestra (TSO) is a Canadian orchestra based in Toronto, Ontario. Founded in 1906, the TSO gave regular concerts at Massey Hall until 1982, and since then has performed at Roy Thomson Hall. The TSO also manages the Toronto Symphony Youth Orchestra (TSYO). Peter Oundjian was the music director from 2004 to 2018. Sir Andrew Davis, conductor laureate of the TSO, was the orchestra's interim artistic director from 2018 to 2020. Gustavo Gimeno has been the music director of the TSO since the 2020–2021 season.
Gunma Kokusai Academy
The Gunma Kokusai Academy (ぐんま国際アカデミー), or GKA, is a private school in Ōta, Gunma, Japan, combining elementary school and secondary school education from grades 1 to 12 with an English language immersion programme. It was designated as a Special Education Zone School by the Koizumi government in 2003. A proportion of classes are conducted in English.

The school opened on 7 April 2005 with a first grade and fourth grade (166 students in total). In 2006, a second and a fifth grade were added to the school. In the following year, a sixth and a third grade were also added. In April 2008, Gunma Kokusai Academy started its first junior high class. In April 2011, the high school started with the junior and senior high school sections moving to a new secondary school campus.

Koizumi
Koizumi (小泉; "small fountain", 古泉 "old fountain") is a Japanese family name.

It may describe one of several Koizumi railway stations.

It can refer to a number of people, including the following members of the prominent Koizumi family:

Junichiro Koizumi (小泉 純一郎; born 1942), former prime minister of Japan

Junya Koizumi (小泉 純也; 1904–1969), a second-generation Diet member and the father of Junichiro Koizumi

Koizumi Matajirō (小泉 又次郎; 1865–1951), Japanese politician and the father-in-law of Junya Koizumi

Kotaro Koizumi (小泉 孝太郎; born 1978), an aspiring actor and the first son of Junichiro Koizumi

Shinjirō Koizumi (小泉 進次郎; born 1981), a fourth-generation Diet member and the second son of Junichiro Koizumi
Manasellam
Manasellam (transl. All over the heart) is a 2003 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film written and directed by Santhosh in his debut. Produced by V. Ravichandran, it stars Srikanth and Trisha, while Cochin Haneefa plays a major supporting role. The film was released on 20 March 2003 and failed at the box office.

Cochin Haneefa
Cochin Haneefa (22 April 1951 – 2 February 2010) was an Indian actor, film director, and screenwriter. He started his career in the 1970s mainly portraying villainous roles, before going on to become one of the most popular comedians of Malayalam cinema. He acted in more than 300 films in Malayalam and Tamil.

As a director he is best known for the films Aankiliyude Tharattu (1987) and Vatsalyam (1993).
Molecular reference standards
Molecular/Genomic reference standards are a class of ‘controls’ or standards used to check the performance of molecular diagnostic assays. Molecular/Genomic Reference Materials (RMs) are selected or engineered to model a specific genetic biomarker as it occurs in a patient biopsy. Reference materials (RM) are used for a calibration of the measuring system, for assessment of a measurement procedure, for assigning values to materials, or for quality control.

Biomarker
In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated using blood, urine, or soft tissues to examine normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers are used in many scientific fields.
Chris Tregaskis
Christopher David Tregaskis (born 5 January 1965) is a former New Zealand rugby union player. A lock, Tregaskis represented Wellington and Marlborough at domestic level. Tregaskis was known as an imposing physical specimen, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, on the 1991 tour of Argentina. He played four games for the All Blacks but did not play any test matches.

Wellington Rugby Football Union
The Wellington Rugby Football Union (known as the Wellington Lions for competition reasons) are a New Zealand governing body of rugby union in the New Zealand province of Wellington Region. The main stadium is Sky Stadium (formerly named Westpac Stadium) which is located in Wellington. The union also represents the Wellington Lions, which is professional rugby union team who compete in the National Provincial Championship competition and contest for the Ranfurly Shield. Before 2006 the Lions competed in the original National Provincial Championship.
USS Andres
USS Andres (DE-45) was an Evarts-class destroyer escort constructed for the United States Navy during World War II. Sent off to the dangerous waters of the North Atlantic Ocean during the Battle of the Atlantic to protect convoys and other ships from Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine U-boats and fighter aircraft, Andres performed escort and anti-submarine operations.

Andres was originally built as HMS Capel (BDE-45) for the United Kingdom, allocated to the Royal Navy under Lend-Lease. Laid down on 12 February 1942 by the Philadelphia Navy Yard; launched on 24 July 1942; sponsored by Miss Mary Elizabeth Schumacher, the daughter of Captain Theodore L. Schumacher, USN, who was assigned to the Philadelphia Navy Yard; reclassified to DE-45 on 25 January 1943 when the ship was reallocated to the United States Navy; renamed Andres on 4 March 1943; and commissioned at her builders' yard on 15 March 1943.

Casco Bay
Casco Bay is an open bay of the Gulf of Maine on the coast of Maine in the United States. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's chart for Casco Bay marks the dividing line between the bay and the Gulf of Maine as running from Bald Head on Cape Small in Phippsburg west-southwest to Dyer Point in Cape Elizabeth. The city of Portland and the Port of Portland are on Casco Bay's western edge.
Oleg Bryjak
Oleg Bryjak (Ukrainian: Олег Брижак, 27 October 1960 – 24 March 2015) was a Kazakhstani-German bass-baritone opera singer. Born in Jezkazgan, Kazakh SSR, into an ethnic Ukrainian family, he moved to Germany in 1991 to join the Badisches Staatstheater Karlsruhe. From 1996 until his death, he was a soloist with the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf.

Bryjak had been a protodeacon in a Ukrainian Orthodox church in Krefeld.

Bryjak died on 24 March 2015 along with his colleague Maria Radner and 148 others when Germanwings Flight 9525 was deliberately crashed by its co-pilot in Prads-Haute-Bléone, France, during their return from performances of Richard Wagner's Siegfried at the Gran Teatre del Liceu in Barcelona.

Badisches Staatstheater Karlsruhe
The Badisches Staatstheater Karlsruhe is a theatre and opera house in Karlsruhe, Germany. It has existed in its present form and place at Ettlinger Tor since 1975. Achim Thorwald became the Intendant in summer 2002 and held that post until the end of the 2010/11 season.  Peter Spuhler succeeded him at the beginning of the 2011/12 season and continues to serve in that post.

The Staatstheater is a Dreisparten venue, housing three performance genres: musical theatre, ballet and theatre, as well as the studio stage in Karlstraße. The Badische Staatskapelle (orchestra) and the Badische Staatsopernchor (opera chorus) are resident companies of the theatre.
Tonante
Tonante, initially called Ao Rei dos Violões Limitada (To the King of Acoustic Guitars in English), is a Brazilian guitar manufacturing company founded in 1954 by the Portuguese brothers Abel and Samuel Tonante, who artisanelly built musical instruments, thirteen years after their arrival in the country.

Tonante is well known for making highly affordable stringed instruments in Brazil, together with companies such as Giannini, Del Vecchio and Di Giorgio. Tonante's range of products include electric and acoustic guitars, banjos and cavaquinhos.

Guitar manufacturing
Guitar manufacturing is the use of machines, tools, and labor in the production of electric and acoustic guitars. This phrase may be in reference to handcrafting guitars using traditional methods or assembly line production in large quantities using modern methods. Guitar manufacturing can also be broken into several categories such as body manufacturing and neck manufacturing, among others. Guitar manufacturing includes the production of alto, classical, tenor, and bass tuned guitars (with classical being the most widely used tuning).

A luthier is a person who has learned the craft of making string instruments including guitars, generally on a very small scale.
Caribbean Shaktism
Caribbean Shaktism, also known as Kalimai Dharma or Madras Religion in Guyana, refers to the syncretic Shakti Kali/Mariamman worship that has evolved within the Indo-Caribbean Tamil community in countries such as Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, Guadeloupe, Martinique and other Caribbean countries. It can be found across the Caribbean and any South American country with an Indo-Caribbean community. It is a syncretic blend of Dravidian folk religion, and  Bhojpuri Folk Hinduism with communities in Trinidad and Tobago, Martinique, and Guadeloupe adding on elements from Catholicism.

Similar traditions to this (which also have its origins in Tamil Mariamman Worship) can be found in the Tamil populations of South Africa, Mauritius, Malaysia, Singapore, Fiji and Vietnam.

El Callao, Venezuela
El Callao is the capital city of the El Callao Municipality in the state of Bolívar, Venezuela. It was founded in the mid-19th century. The goldmine at El Callao, once one of the richest goldmines in the world, came into operation in 1871.

Due to gold mines in the area, the real number of inhabitants may be five times higher than the official total of around 25,000.
Rohde & Schwarz
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG  (/ˈroʊdə ... ˈʃwɔːrts/ ROH-də ... SHWORTS, German: [ˈʁoːdə ʔʊnt ˈʃvaʁts]) is a German multinational electronics group specializing in the fields of electronic test equipment, broadcast & media, cybersecurity, radiomonitoring and radiolocation, and radiocommunication. The company also provides products for wireless communications, the electronics industry, aerospace and defense, homeland security and critical infrastructures.

In addition to the Munich headquarters, there are regional headquarters in the United States (Columbia, Maryland) and in Asia (Singapore). Worldwide the company has a total of more than 15,000 employees in over 70 countries.

Radiolocation
Radiolocation, also known as radiolocating or radiopositioning, is the process of finding the location of something through the use of radio waves. It generally refers to passive, particularly radar—as well as detecting buried cables, water mains, and other public utilities. It is similar to radionavigation in which one actively seeks its own position; both are types of radiodetermination. Radiolocation is also used in real-time locating systems (RTLS) for tracking valuable assets.
Vulović
Vulović (Serbian: Вуловић) is a Serbian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksa Vulović, Australian comedian and YouTube personality

Ljubomir Vulović (1876–1917), artillery major in the Serbian Army

Vesna Vulović (1950–2016), Serbian flight attendant

Rodoljub Roki Vulović (1955-), Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina Serb singer and songwriter

Aleksa Vulović
Aleksa Vulović (born 29 October 1992) is a Serbian-Australian YouTube personality and online entertainer. Since beginning his public career, his videos have often gained widespread attention in Australian media. This includes his participation in the 2020 "Australian" Utah monolith, his journey to North Korea to get a haircut, and entering a casino after appearing dressed in a hospital gown and IV drip during the COVID-19 pandemic. Much of his work is made in collaboration with The Chaser. He has also worked with Aunty Donna.

Vulović is also the co-star of Boy Boy, alongside fellow comedian Alex Apollonov of the I Did a Thing YouTube channel. Apollonov and Vulović regularly collaborate on their respective projects and appear in each other's videos. Together with Apollonov, they have roughly 7 million subscribers and their videos have been viewed more than 761  million times.
Ministry of Justice and Human Rights
The Ministry of Justice and Human Rights is the Justice ministry of the following countries

Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Argentina)

Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Chile)

Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Iceland)

Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Peru)

Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Iceland)
The Icelandic Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Icelandic: Dómsmála- og Mannréttindaráðuneytið) was a cabinet-level ministry within the government of Iceland. Beginning on 2 September 2010, the minister was Ögmundur Jónasson. Before that date, the ministry had been known as the Ministry of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs.
In 2011 it was merged with the Ministry of Transport, Communications and Local Government, to form the Ministry of the Interior. On 1 May 2017 the Ministry of the Interior was split again, into the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Transport and Local Government.

The department handles a wide variety of issues that include civil defense, public prosecution, the justice system including sentencing, immigration, police and coast guard, and elections.
Therapure BioPharma Inc
Therapure BioPharma, Inc. is a Canadian biopharmaceutical industry and biotechnology company, headquartered in Mississauga, Ontario, a privately held, integrated Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (CDMO). Founded in 2008, the firm provides a range of therapeutic protein development and manufacturing services including; technology transfer & process development, analytical development and testing, scale up and cGMP manufacturing, and aseptic fill/finish and lyophilization. As of 2010, the company has over 90 employees. In 2020, Therapure was acquired by Resilience.

Freeze drying
Freeze drying, also known as lyophilization or cryodesiccation, is a low temperature dehydration process that involves freezing the product and lowering pressure, thereby removing the ice by sublimation. This is in contrast to dehydration by most conventional methods that evaporate water using heat.

Because of the low temperature used in processing, the rehydrated product retains many of its original qualities. When solid objects like strawberries are freeze dried the original shape of the product is maintained. If the product to be dried is a liquid, as often seen in pharmaceutical applications, the properties of the final product are optimized by the combination of excipients (i.e., inactive ingredients). Primary applications of freeze drying include biological (e.g., bacteria and yeasts), biomedical (e.g., surgical transplants), food processing (e.g., coffee), and preservation.
IWARP
iWARP is a computer networking protocol that implements remote direct memory access (RDMA) for efficient data transfer over Internet Protocol networks. Contrary to some accounts, iWARP is not an acronym.

Because iWARP is layered on Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)-standard congestion-aware protocols such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), it makes few requirements on the network, and can be successfully deployed in a broad range of environments.

Stream Control Transmission Protocol
The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a computer networking communications protocol in the transport layer of the Internet protocol suite. Originally intended for Signaling System 7 (SS7) message transport in telecommunication, the protocol provides the message-oriented feature of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) while ensuring reliable, in-sequence transport of messages with congestion control like the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Unlike UDP and TCP, the protocol supports multihoming and redundant paths to increase resilience and reliability.

SCTP is standardized by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in RFC 9260. The SCTP reference implementation was released as part of FreeBSD version 7 and has since been widely ported to other platforms.
Penn State College Republicans
The Penn State College Republicans (PSU GOP) is a chapter of the College Republicans at the Pennsylvania State University. The purpose of Penn State College Republicans is to assist in the election of Republican candidates to local, state, and national office, promote conservative ideals and principles at the Pennsylvania State University, engage in community service.

The PSU GOP is open to both undergraduate and graduate students at Penn State University Park. They are an official registered student organization with the University. Their self-stated mission is to "provide a platform for conservative students to connect, discuss, and advocate for their beliefs."

Dave Sunday (politician)
David Winslow Sunday Jr. (born June 13, 1975) is an American politician and lawyer serving as the Pennsylvania attorney general since 2025. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as district attorney of York County, Pennsylvania from 2018 to 2025.
2024 Seattle City Council special election
The 2024 Seattle City Council special election was held on November 5, 2024, following a primary election on August 6. The election occurred to fill a vacancy for the 8th district due to the resignation of Teresa Mosqueda, who was elected to the King County Council in the 2023 election. Tanya Woo was appointed in January 2024 by the City Council to the seat until the general election occurred to fill the seat for the remainder of the term. The next regular election for the 8th district occurred in 2025.

Tanya Woo
Tanya Woo (胡清雅) is an American politician from Seattle, Washington. She ran for Seattle City Council in 2023 in District 2 against incumbent Tammy Morales but lost by a narrow margin of 853 votes. Woo was then appointed to the city-wide District 8 seat in January 2024 but lost that seat in the November 2024 special election to Alexis Mercedes Rinck.
-nik
The English suffix -nik is of Slavic origin. It approximately corresponds to the suffix "-er" and nearly always denotes an agent noun (that is, it describes a person related to the thing, state, habit, or action described by the word to which the suffix is attached). In the cases where a native English language coinage may occur, the "-nik"-word often bears an ironic connotation, as in the case of the terms coined for the failed rocket launch of the U.S. satellite rival to Sputnik, such as kaputnik, dudnik and flopnik among others.

Agent noun
In linguistics, an agent noun (in Latin, nomen agentis) is a word that is derived from another word denoting an action, and that identifies an entity that does that action. For example, driver is an agent noun formed from the verb drive.

Usually, derived in the above definition has the strict sense attached to it in morphology, that is the derivation takes as an input a lexeme (an abstract unit of morphological analysis) and produces a new lexeme. However, the classification of morphemes into derivational morphemes (see word formation) and inflectional ones is not generally a straightforward theoretical question, and different authors can make different decisions as to the general theoretical principles of the classification as well as to the actual classification of morphemes presented in a grammar of some language (for example, of the agent noun-forming morpheme).
Mausoleum of Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili
The Mausoleum of Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili, also known as the Dargah of Qutbul Akbar Imam Shadhili (Arabic: ضريح أبي الحسن الشاذلي) is an Sufi mosque and mausoleum (dargah) complex located in Humaithara, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt. The  complex is dedicated to Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili (died 1258), the founder of the Shadhili Sufi order.

Dargah
A Sufi shrine or dargah is a shrine or tomb built over the grave of a revered religious figure, often a Sufi saint or dervish. Sufis often visit the shrine for ziyarat, a term associated with religious visitation and pilgrimages. Dargahs are often associated with Sufi eating and meeting rooms and hostels, called khanqah or hospices. They usually include a mosque, meeting rooms, Islamic religious schools (madrasas), residences for a teacher or caretaker, hospitals, and other buildings for community purposes.