hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adolphe Burdo
Adolphe Marie Louis Burdo (born 31 January 1849 in Liège; died, probably also in Liège, at an unknown date) was a Belgian officer, writer and traveller.

Adolphe Marie Louis Burdo was an officer in the Belgian Army. During the 1870s, he travelled in western Africa, making a journey from Dakar to the Niger and Benue rivers. By 1879, he was back in Belgium. In November of the same year, he received permission from King Leopold II during an to audience to go to Congo, and subsequently associated himself with the International African Association. He left Brussels in December the same year as a volunteer with the association, and spent almost two years in present-day Tanzania before returning to Belgium. He wrote several books about his travels in Africa, and together with Charles de Martrin–Donos he authored a three-volume work on Belgian exploration in Congo. He was a member of the Société Royale Belge de Géographie.

Niger River
The Niger River (/ˈnaɪdʒər/ NY-jər; French: (le) fleuve Niger [(lə) flœv niʒɛʁ]) is the main river of West Africa, extending about 4,180 kilometres (2,600 miles). Its drainage basin is 2,117,700 km2 (817,600 sq mi) in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through southwest Mali and through southwest Niger, on the border with Benin, and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. The Niger is the 14th-longest river in the world and the third-longest river in Africa, exceeded by the Nile and the Congo River. Its main tributary is the Benue River.
Aesculapian snake
The Aesculapian snake /ˌɛskjəˈleɪpiən/ (Zamenis longissimus, previously Elaphe longissima) is a species of non-venomous constrictor snake native to Europe, a member of the subfamily Colubrinae of the family Colubridae. Growing up to 2 metres (6.6 ft) in length, it is among the largest European snakes, similar in size to the four-lined snake (Elaphe quatuorlineata) and the Montpellier snake (Malpolon monspessulanus). The Aesculapian snake has been of cultural and historical significance for its role in ancient Greek, Roman, and Illyrian mythology and derived symbolism.

Colubridae
Colubridae (/kəˈluːbrɪdiː/, commonly known as colubrids /ˈkɒljʊbrɪdz/, from Latin: coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest fossil species of the family date back to the Late Eocene epoch, with earlier origins suspected. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Landmarks in Paris
This article presents the main landmarks in the city of Paris within administrative limits, divided by its 20 arrondissements. Landmarks located in the suburbs of Paris, outside of its administrative limits, while within the metropolitan area are not included in this article.

Avenue de la Grande Armée
The Avenue de la Grande Armée is an avenue in Paris, France, marking the boundary between its 16th and 17th arrondissements. It was formerly named Avenue de la Porte Maillot as part of Route nationale 13, but was renamed to its present name in 1864 in honour of the Grande Armée of the Napoleonic Wars.
Anarchist Struggle
Anarchist Struggle is an anarchist auxiliary military unit, composed mainly of international volunteers, who fight for the Syrian Democratic Forces in the Rojava conflict of the Syrian Civil War. It was founded in 2017 and later integrated into the International Freedom Battalion.

International volunteering
International volunteering is when volunteers contribute their time to work for organisations or causes outside their home countries. International volunteering has a long association with international development or environment, with the aim of bringing benefits to host communities. It can include a range of services, from healthcare advancement to economic development to governance.

Trends show that international volunteering has become increasingly popular across many countries over the past few decades. International volunteering is a broad term which is used to capture multi-year, skilled placements as well as short term roles. The term voluntourism has become common to describe certain types of volunteering organised by governments, charities and travel agents.
Minister of the Interior (Finland)
The minister of the interior (Finnish: sisäministeri, before 2013 sisäasiainministeri, Swedish: inrikesminister) is one of the ministerial portfolios in the Finnish Government. The minister of the interior is in charge of the Ministry of the Interior.

The incumbent Orpo Cabinet's minister of the interior is Mari Rantanen of the Finns Party.

Finnish Government
The Finnish Government (Finnish: Suomen valtioneuvosto; Swedish: Finlands statsråd; lit. 'Finland's council of state') is the executive branch and cabinet of Finland, which directs the politics of Finland and is the main source of legislation proposed to the Parliament. The Government has collective ministerial responsibility and represents Finland in the Council of the European Union. In the incumbent Orpo Cabinet, the Government comprises 19 ministers leading 12 ministries.

Majority coalition governments have become the foundation of the Finnish Government; apart from a few historical exceptions, a Government is usually assembled by the representatives of two major parties and a number of smaller parties.
Bolesław Wallek-Walewski
Bolesław Wallek-Walewski (born 23 January 1885 in Lviv, died 9 April 1944 in Kraków) was a Polish composer and conductor, lecturer and Director of the Conservatory of Music in Kraków.

From 1894 Bolesław Wallek-Walewski studied at the Galician Music Society Conservatory in L'vov under guidance of theory professor Stanislaw Niewiadomski, from 1900 to 1904 under Władysław Żeleński and Felicjan Szopski at the Conservatory of the Music Society in Kraków, and then between 1906 and 1907 with Hugo Riemann in Leipzig. From 1908 he became professor at the Conservatory in Kraków Institute of Music and from 1910 at the Conservatory in Kraków.

Academy of Music in Kraków
The Krzysztof Penderecki Academy of Music in Kraków (Polish: Akademia Muzyczna im. Krzysztofa Pendereckiego w Krakowie) is a conservatory located in central Kraków, Poland. It is the alma mater of the renowned Polish contemporary composer Krzysztof Penderecki, who was also its rector for 15 years. The academy is the only one in Poland to have two winners of the International Chopin Competition in Warsaw (Halina Czerny-Stefańska and Adam Harasiewicz) as well as a few further prize-winners among its alumni.
Exerpes
Exerpes asper, the Sargassum blenny, is a species of labrisomid blenny native to the Gulf of California and the Pacific coast of Baja California.  According to Fishbase it is currently the only known member of its genus, however, the Catalog of Fishes classifies it within the genus Paraclinus.

Gulf of California
The Gulf of California (Spanish: Golfo de California), also known as the Sea of Cortés (Mar de Cortés) or Sea of Cortez, or less commonly as the Vermilion Sea (Mar Vermejo), is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean that separates the Baja California peninsula from the Mexican mainland. It is bordered by the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Sinaloa with a coastline of approximately 4,000 km (2,500 mi). Rivers that flow into the Gulf of California include the Colorado, Fuerte, Mayo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and the Yaqui. The surface of the gulf is about 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi). Maximum depths exceed 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) because of the complex geology, linked to plate tectonics.

The gulf is thought to be one of the most diverse seas on Earth and is home to more than 5,000 species of micro-invertebrates. Parts of the Gulf of California are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
DIVA: Live From Hell
DIVA: Live from Hell is a one-man musical with a score by Alexander Sage Oyen and book and characters by Nora Brigid Monahan. The musical is a dark comedy following Desmond Channing, a deranged high school theatre student, as he retells the events that drove him to murder his drama club rival to an audience at his long-running cabaret act in Hell. The show was originally developed by Less Than Rent Theatre as a short solo comedy under the title Diva and premiered at Theatre Row as part of the 2013 United Solo Theatre Festival.

Theatre Row Building
The Theatre Row Building is a complex of five Off-Broadway theatres at 410 West 42nd Street on Theatre Row in Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan, New York City. The building is owned by the 501(c)(3) organization non-profit Building for the Arts and is the center piece of an effort to transform the adult entertainment district on 42nd Street between Ninth Avenue and Tenth Avenue into an Off-Broadway theater district.
Love in the Time of E-Mail
Love in the Time of E-Mail is the second studio album by the American power pop band Antarctigo Vespucci. It was released on October 26, 2018, through Polyvinyl Record Co. and Quote Unquote Records in North America, and through Big Scary Monsters Recording Company in Europe.

Big Scary Monsters Recording Company
Big Scary Monsters Recording Company (often known simply as Big Scary Monsters or BSM Records) is an independent record label based in Oxford, England.

Its releases include American Football, Lambrini Girls, La Dispute, Modern Baseball, Laura Jane Grace, We Were Promised Jetpacks, Martha, Minus The Bear, mewithoutYou, Kevin Devine, The Get Up Kids, Hell Is For Heroes, Pedro The Lion, The Fall of Troy, Andrew W.K., Tall Ships, Cursive, Joyce Manor, Bear vs. Shark and Delta Sleep amongst others.
Leslie Jenkins (businessman)
Leslie Augustus Westover Jenkins, CBE, FRSA (1910 – 10 June 1978) was an English businessman and public official. A managing director of John Wright and Sons (Veneers) Ltd and I. & R. Morley Ltd, he served as president of the National Association of British Manufacturers from 1963 to 1965 and vice-president of the Confederation of British Industry from 1965 to 1968. He served as chairman of the Forestry Commission from 1965 to 1970 and as chairman of the National Industrial Fuel Efficiency Service from 1968 to 1972. He was the Cantor Lecturer at the Royal Society of Arts in 1971.

Confederation of British Industry
The Confederation of British Industry (CBI) is a British business interest group, which says it represents 190,000 businesses.  The CBI has been described by the Financial Times as "Britain's biggest business lobby group". Incorporated by royal charter, its mission is to promote the conditions in which businesses of all sizes and sectors in the UK can compete and prosper for the benefit of all. In 2023, the association was shaken by numerous accusations of sexual misconduct in the organisation.
Indra, Gujarat
Indra is a village in Junagdh District in the state of Gujarat, India. It is located 41 km  west of the district headquarters of Junagadh.

As of the 2001 India census, there were 1685 people residing in Indra. 842 of which were male (49.97%) and 843 were female (50.03%). Indra has an average literacy rate of 76.88%. The PIN code of Indra is 362640 and the postal head office is Sardargadh.

Sardargarh Bantva
Sardargardh Bantva was a princely state of India. Founded in 1733 by Khan Shri Sherzamankhanji Babi, the youngest son of Nawab Saheb Salabat Muhammadkhan Babi of Junagadh State, on the Kathiawar peninsula in Gujarat, India, they had an area of approximately 186 km2, and contained 13 mostly Muslim villages. It was a non-salute state.

Upon the independence and partition of British India in August 1947, the princely states (which were not British) had the choice of joining either India or Pakistan or remaining independent. The decision in September 1947 of the ruling prince of Junagadh, Muhammad Mahabat Khan III, to accede his dominions as princely states of Pakistan led to a crisis, as most of his subjects were Hindus. In February 1948 came the Annexation of Junagadh, Bantva Manavadar, and Sardargadh Bantva by India, following a referendum. The last local ruler was Khan Shri Hussain Yavarkhanji Babi.
Ministry of Security (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
The Ministry of Security of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Ministarstvo sigurnosti Bosne i Hercegovine / Министарство безбједности Босне и Херцеговинe) is the governmental department in charge of organizing and coordinating the Bosnian police.

Law enforcement in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Law enforcement in Bosnia and Herzegovina is the responsibility of an EU-sponsored Bosnia police force to which the role of maintaining security in the region was handed over from the United Nations's 1,800 strong International Police Task Force. Since 1 January 2003 the European Union Police Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUPM) was tasked with creating a new stable police force for Bosnia and Herzegovina, however this has been met with limited success. Outlined by the EUPM, the new Bosnian police force would have the responsibility of fighting migrant smuggling, customs evasions as well as dealing with the tensions raised by the return of refugees.
Mergui Road
Mergui Road was a transit route in the area of the Singkhon Pass between Burma and Thailand, built and used during World War II by Imperial Japan. The road connected Prachuap Khiri Khan to Mergui via Tenasserim on the Burmese south coast. It was hastily constructed under supervision of the Japanese army as a means of retreat in 1945, as British and American bombings destroyed the rail tracks.

Mergui Road was built by romusha Asian laborers and Allied prisoners of war under brutal slave labor conditions.

Prachuap Khiri Khan
Prachuap Khiri Khan (Thai: ประจวบคีรีขันธ์, pronounced [prā.tɕùap kʰīː.rīː kʰǎn]) is a town in western Thailand.  It is the capital of Prachuap Khiri Khan Province and is on the coast close to the narrowest stretch in Thailand, only 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the border with Myanmar at Dan Sing Khon in the Tenasserim Hills. The area has large pineapple and coconut industries, in addition to being popular with Thai tourists. The town is 291 km south of Bangkok by road.
Thomas Coyle (rugby league)
Thomas Coyle (born 10 May 1988) is an English rugby league footballer with Hunslet Hawks. He is a scrum half.

Coyle was educated at St. John Fisher Catholic High School, Wigan. He signed for the Wigan Warriors from the local amateur team Wigan St Patricks. He moved into the Wigan Academy Under 18s in 2005.

Coyle was selected for Lancashire U17s and England U15s and U16s while part of the Wigan scholarship and Academy systems. He was also included in the England U17s squad to take on the touring Australian Institute of Sport in 2005. He signed for Halifax on loan in May, but having failed to impress was released early.

Coyle's father, Bernard Coyle, and grandfather, also Bernard Coyle, both played for Wigan at scrum-half in the 1970s and 1940s respectively. His elder brother, James, is a former Wigan Academy scrum half .

Australian Institute of Sport
The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) is a high performance sports training institution in Australia. The institute's 66-hectare (163-acre) headquarters were opened in 1981 and are situated in the northern suburb of Bruce, Canberra. The AIS is a division of the Australian Sports Commission (ASC).
Cavariella konoi
Cavariella konoi is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae. It is a small, soft-bodied insect growing to about 2.5 mm (0.1 in) long. The body is oval, pale yellowish green, sometimes with a pair of darker green, longitudinal bands. Wingless females are found on the leaves of willow Salix spp. during the summer where they reproduce parthenogenetically and form large populations. It also feeds on the perennial plant great angelica (Angelica atropurpurea).

This species has a holarctic distribution.

Angelica atropurpurea
Angelica atropurpurea, known commonly as purplestem angelica, great angelica, American angelica, high angelica, and masterwort, is a species of flowering plant that can be found in moist and swampy woodlands, mostly by riverbanks, in eastern North America.
Helge Thorsten Lumbsch
Helge Thorsten Lumbsch (born 1964) is a German-born lichenologist living in the United States. His research interests include the phylogeny, taxonomy, and phylogeography of lichen-forming fungi; lichen diversity; lichen chemistry and chemotaxonomy. He is the Associate Curator and Head of Cryptogams and Chair of the Department of Botany at the Field Museum of Natural History.

Phylogeography
Phylogeography is the study of the historical processes that may be responsible for the past to present geographic distributions of genealogical lineages. This is accomplished by considering the geographic distribution of individuals in light of genetics, particularly population genetics.

This term was introduced to describe geographically structured genetic signals within and among species. An explicit focus on a species' biogeography/biogeographical past sets phylogeography apart from classical population genetics and phylogenetics.

Past events that can be inferred include population expansion, population bottlenecks, vicariance, dispersal, and migration. Recently developed approaches integrating coalescent theory or the genealogical history of alleles and distributional information can more accurately address the relative roles of these different historical forces in shaping current patterns.
The Whistle (film)
The Whistle is a 1921 American silent drama film directed by Lambert Hillyer and written by May Wilmoth, Olin Lyman and Lambert Hillyer. The film stars William S. Hart, Frank Brownlee, Myrtle Stedman, Georgie Stone, Will Jim Hatton, and Richard Headrick. The film was released in April 1921, by Paramount Pictures. A print of the film is in the Library of Congress.

Lambert Hillyer
Lambert Hillyer (July 8, 1893 – July 5, 1969) was an American film director and screenwriter. He is best known today for his many western features, his horror films The Invisible Ray and Dracula's Daughter, and the first Batman serial.
Fish Cheeks
"Fish Cheeks" is a 1987 one-page memoir (short story) by Chinese-American author Amy Tan and her first published essay. The work was first published in Seventeen and covers a Christmas Eve dinner when Tan was 14 years old. It was subsequently published as a part of The Opposite of Fate: A Book of Musings.

The work has been used in Common Core classes and features themes of acceptance of differences, growing up, family, heritage, and cultural differences. It typically is used for seventh grade and eighth-grade classes. The work has been compared to a similar work by American chef and author Gabrielle Hamilton, "Killing Dinner".

Common Core
The Common Core State Standards Initiative, also known as simply Common Core, is an American, multi-state educational initiative which began in 2010 with the goal of increasing consistency across state standards, or what K–12 students throughout the United States should know in English language arts and mathematics at the conclusion of each school grade. The initiative was sponsored by the National Governors Association and the Council of Chief State School Officers.

The initiative also sought to provide states and schools with articulated expectations around the skills students graduating from high school needed in order to be prepared to enter credit-bearing courses at two- or four-year college programs or to enter the workforce.
Kholm-Zhirkovsky (urban locality)
Kholm-Zhirkovsky (Russian: Холм-Жирковский) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Kholm-Zhirkovsky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located 130 kilometers (81 mi) northeast of Smolensk, about 300 kilometers (190 mi) west of Moscow, and 38 kilometers (24 mi) from the Moscow-Minsk highway.  Population:  3,491 (2010 Census); 3,826 (2002 Census); 3,666 (1989 Soviet census).

Kholm-Zhirkovsky was first mentioned in 1708. Urban-type settlement status was granted to it in 1971.

Smolensk Oblast
Smolensk Oblast (Russian: Смоленская область, romanized: Smolenskaya oblastʹ), informally also called Smolenshchina (Смоленщина), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative centre is the city of Smolensk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 888,421.
2013 USL Pro season
The 2013 USL Pro season was the 27th season of third-division soccer in the United States and is the third season of the United Soccer Leagues' (USL) PRO professional competition. The number of teams increased from eleven to thirteen with Phoenix FC and VSI Tampa Bay FC joining the league as expansion franchises.

Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC
Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC is an American professional soccer team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1998 and beginning play in 1999, the club plays in the Eastern Conference of the USL Championship, the second tier of the American soccer pyramid. Since 2013, the Riverhounds have played their home games at the 5,000-seat Highmark Stadium, a soccer-specific stadium located in Station Square. Their current head coach is Rob Vincent. Saint Lucian international David Flavius currently holds the club records for most appearances and goals which he set over his eight seasons with the Riverhounds between 1999 and 2006.

The Riverhounds have an affiliated women's soccer team, Pittsburgh Riveters SC, that plays in the USL W League.
San Marino national under-19 football team
The San Marino national U-19 football team is the national under-19 football team of San Marino and is controlled by the San Marino Football Federation.

The team's head coach is Roberto Marcucci.

They compete in UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship qualifying rounds every year. They have played 33 official games with 32 defeats and only one draw.

On August 30, 2022. San Marino U19 achieved its first victory in a 4–0 win against Gibraltar.

San Marino Football Federation
The San Marino Football Federation (FSGC; Italian: Federazione Sammarinese Giuoco Calcio) is the governing body of football in San Marino. It organizes the San Marino football league (Campionato Sammarinese), a national cup (Coppa Titano), a super cup (Trofeo Federale) and the San Marino national football team. It is based in the city of San Marino. As of 18 August 2024, the FIFA committee recognizes San Marino as the lowest-ranking team according to the FIFA World Rankings.

The FSGC also helped to create the original incarnation of A.S.D. Victor San Marino, a team that plays in Serie D, the fourth division of the Italian league.
Arthur D. Simons
Arthur D. "Bull" Simons (June 28, 1918 – May 21, 1979) was a United States Army Special Forces colonel best known for leading the Sơn Tây raid, an attempted rescue of U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War from a North Vietnamese prison at Sơn Tây. He also led the successful 1979 rescue of two employees of Electronic Data Systems from prison in Iran.

Although serving 30 years as an officer spanning three wars, Simons was deemed not to fit the "career mold" for a general officer and did not rise above the rank of colonel. An Air Force officer who helped plan and execute the Sơn Tây raid wrote of Simons: "He was not out to make a name for himself; he was there to do his duty. He did not attend all the professional advancement schools and did not cultivate any sponsors for his career. He just answered every call because it was the right thing for an American soldier to do."

6th Ranger Battalion
The 6th Ranger Battalion was a United States Army Ranger Battalion which saw action in the Pacific during World War II. The battalion is best known for its role in the Raid at Cabanatuan in the Philippines in January 1945.