hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chilocorinae
The Chilocorinae are a subfamily of ladybugs in the family Coccinellidae. 
They feed predominantly on scale insects. They are usually shiny and often have no spots or patterns on their wing covers. Their bodies are in round helmet shapes. They are medium in size and are sometimes seen feeding on cowpea aphids. Some examples include the pine ladybird and kidney-spot ladybird which inhabit the UK, both of which are black ladybirds with red spots. A US example is the twice-stabbed lady beetle.

When disturbed by predators they may reflex bleed, an ability shared with other coccinellids. In winter they may congregate in large groups for protection against predators and for better chances of mating in the spring.

Autohaemorrhaging
Autohaemorrhaging, or reflex bleeding, is the action of animals deliberately ejecting blood from their bodies. Autohaemorrhaging has been observed as occurring in two variations. In the first form, blood is squirted toward a predator. The blood of these animals usually contains toxic compounds, making the behaviour an effective chemical defense mechanism. In the second form, blood is not squirted, but is slowly emitted from the animal's body. This form appears to serve a deterrent effect, and is used by animals whose blood does not seem to be toxic. Most animals that autohaemorrhage are insects, but some reptiles also display this behaviour.

Some organisms have shown an ability to tailor their autohaemorrhaging response. Armoured crickets will projectile autohaemorrhage over longer distances when attacked from the side, compared to being attacked from an overhead predator.
Great Thatch ruin
Great Thatch ruin is a ruin on Great Thatch island in the British Virgin Islands.

The ruin probably dates from the sugar plantation era, but may be earlier. It was presumed abandoned during the economic collapse of the British Virgin Islands during the mid-19th century, when many plantations were abandoned. The ruin covers a significant estate, and is an indicator of some wealth.

It is not clear when the ruin was finally fully abandoned, although bottles found on the site from the Portobello bottle company in Edinburgh, Scotland, suggest that it may have been as late as 1907.  The cistern on the site does not exhibit the same level of deterioration as similar parts of ruins in the Territory which are known to have been abandoned during the 1850s.

Cistern
A cistern (from Middle English  cisterne; from Latin  cisterna, from  cista 'box'; from Ancient Greek  κίστη (kístē) 'basket') is a waterproof receptacle for holding liquids, usually water. Cisterns are often built to catch and store rainwater. To prevent leakage, the interior of the cistern is often lined with hydraulic plaster.

Cisterns are distinguished from wells by their waterproof linings. Modern cisterns range in capacity from a few liters to thousands of cubic meters, effectively forming covered reservoirs.
Collage (Taiwanese duo)
Collage (pinyin: Kēlāqí; Japanese: コラジ) is a Taiwanese band that released their first album in 2021, with two members: lead singer Natsuko Lariyod, who is of mixed Hakka and Amis ancestry, and Hunter Wang, who is of Minnan descent. Rather than use Taiwanese Mandarin, the band focuses on producing music using Taiwanese, Japanese, Amis and English. They incorporate indigenous people's music into their compositions.

Hoklo people
The Hoklo people (Chinese: 福佬人; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ho̍h-ló-lâng) are a Han Chinese sub-ethnic group who speak Hokkien, a Southern Min language, or trace their ancestry to southeastern Fujian in China, and known by various related terms such as Banlam people (閩南人; Bân-lâm-lâng), Minnan people, Fujianese people or more commonly in Southeast Asia as the Hokkien people (福建人; Hok-kiàn-lâng).  The Hokkien people are found in significant numbers in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, and the United States. The Hokkien people have a distinct culture and architecture, including Hokkien shrines and temples with tilted sharp eaves, high and slanted top roofs, and finely detailed decorative inlays of wood and porcelain. The Hokkien language, which includes Taiwanese Hokkien, is the mainstream Southern Min, which is partially mutually intelligible to other Southern Min varieties such as Teochew, Zhongshan, Haklau, and Zhenan.
Legnica Special Economic Zone
Legnica Special Economic Zone is a special economic zone in Poland, situated in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in the southwest of the country. Cited by the Polish Investment and Trade Agency as "one of the most dynamically developing regions in Poland", it lies near the border with Germany and the Czech Republic and comprises an area which includes the cities of Chojnow, Glogow, Legnica, Lubin, Zgorzelec, Zlotoryja and the communes of Chojnow, Gromadka, Iłowa, Kostomloty, Legnickie Pole, Miekinia, Milkowice, Polkowice, Prochowice, Prochowice, Przemkow, Radwanice, and Sroda Slaska.

Miłkowice, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Miłkowice [miu̯kɔˈvit͡sɛ] (German: Arnsdorf) is a village (former town) in Legnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Miłkowice.
Spring Valley (Oregon)
Spring Valley is a valley in Polk County, Oregon, United States, situated north and east of the Eola Hills and west of the Willamette River. It corresponds roughly to the drainage of Spring Valley Creek. Populated places in Spring Valley include Zena and Lincoln. Oregon Route 221 passes along the east side of the valley, next to the Willamette River.

The area is in the Eola-Amity Hills AVA wine region and is home to several notable vineyards, including Cristom.

Polk County, Oregon
Polk County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 87,433. The county seat is Dallas. The county is named for James Knox Polk, the 11th president of the United States.

Polk County is part of the Salem, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Willamette Valley.
ONO-1110
ONO-1110 is an endocannabinoid synthesis regulator and indirect cannabinoid receptor modulator which is under development for the treatment of fibromyalgia, generalized anxiety disorder, interstitial cystitis, major depressive disorder, postherpetic neuralgia, and social phobia. It is taken orally. ONO-1110 is under development by Ono Pharmaceutical in Japan. As of March 2025, the drug is in phase 2 clinical trials for all indications. Its chemical structure does not yet appear to have been disclosed.

Receptor modulator
A receptor modulator, or receptor ligand, is a general term for a substance, endogenous or exogenous, that binds to and regulates the activity of chemical receptors. They are ligands that can act on different parts of receptors and regulate activity in a positive, negative, or neutral direction with varying degrees of efficacy. Categories of these modulators include receptor agonists and receptor antagonists, as well as receptor partial agonists, inverse agonists, orthosteric modulators, and allosteric modulators, Examples of receptor modulators in modern medicine include CFTR modulators, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), and muscarinic ACh receptor modulators.
Jamkhed
Jamkhed is a census town in Ahmednagar district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Jamkhed is in between the Ahmednagar and Beed. Jamkhed is very well known for its comprehensive rural health project CRHP. It also has Jamkhed homeopathic college, nursing college.

Ahmednagar district
Ahmednagar district (Marathi pronunciation: [əɦ(ə)məd̪nəɡəɾ]), officially Ahilyanagar district, is the largest district of Maharashtra state in western India. The historical city of Ahmednagar is the headquarters of the district. Ahmednagar and Sangamner are the largest cities in the district. It was the seat of the Ahmednagar Sultanate of late medieval period (1496–1636 CE). This district is known for the towns of Shirdi associated with Sai Baba, Meherabad associated with Meher Baba, Shani Shinganapur with Shanidev, and Devgad with Lord Dattatreya. Ahmednagar district is part of Nashik Division. The district is bordered by Aurangabad district to the northeast, Nashik district to the northwest, Thane and Pune districts to the southwest, Solapur district to the south and Beed district to the southeast.
1949–1950 Massachusetts legislature
The 156th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1949 and 1950 during the governorship of Paul A. Dever. Chester A. Dolan Jr. and Harris S. Richardson served as presidents of the Senate. Thomas P. O'Neill served as speaker of the House.

In 1949, after 90 years of Republican control of the House, Democrats gained a majority. In 1950, the General Court passed a bill prohibiting racial discrimination or segregation in housing.

Paul A. Dever
Paul Andrew Dever (January 15, 1903 – April 11, 1958) was an American Democratic politician from Boston, Massachusetts. He served as the 58th Governor of Massachusetts and was its youngest-ever Attorney General.
Among his notable accomplishments was the construction of Boston’s circumferential highway Route 128, then called "Dever’s Folley," which was later expanded to Interstate 95, one of the most used national highways.
John Nicholson (New York politician)
John Nicholson (1765 – January 20, 1820) was a United States representative from New York. Born in Herkimer, he received a limited education, studied law, and was admitted to the bar and practiced. He held various local offices and was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Eleventh Congress, holding office from March 4, 1809 – March 3, 1811. In 1820 he died in Herkimer.

Bar (law)
In law, the bar is the legal profession as an institution. The term is a metonym for the line (or "bar") that separates the parts of a courtroom reserved for spectators and those reserved for participants in a trial such as lawyers.

In the United Kingdom, the term "the bar" refers only to the professional organization for barristers (referred to in Scotland as advocates); the other type of UK lawyer, solicitors, have their own body, the Law Society. Correspondingly, being "called to the bar" refers to admission to the profession of barristers, not solicitors.
Basal body
A basal body, basal granule, or kinetosome, and in older literature blepharoplast, is a protein complex structure found at the base of a cilium or a eukaryotic flagellum. The basal body was named by Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann in 1880. It is formed from a centriole and several additional protein structures, and is, essentially, a modified centriole. The basal body serves as a nucleation site for the growth of the axoneme microtubules. Centrioles, from which basal bodies are derived, act as anchoring sites for proteins that in turn anchor microtubules, and are known as the microtubule organizing center (MTOC). These microtubules provide structure and facilitate movement of vesicles and other organelles within many eukaryotic cells.

Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann
Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann (14 November 1843 – 20 May 1909) was a German botanist, physiologist, microbiologist, university professor, and musician whose 1882 experiment measured the effects of different colors of light on photosynthetic activity and showed that the conversion of light energy to chemical energy took place in the chloroplast.
Ryūkoku Museum
The Ryūkoku Museum (龍谷ミュージアム) is a museum of Buddhist art and history in Kyōto, Japan. Conceived as part of the 370th anniversary celebrations of the foundation of what is now Ryūkoku University, it opened facing Nishi Hongan-ji in 2011. The museum displays works from its "vast" collection and there is also a digital recreation of the corridor of Cave 15 at Bezeklik. The façade has four thousand ceramic louvers, intended to give a feeling of traditional Kyōto while also helping regulate light and temperature within.

History of Buddhism
The history of Buddhism can be traced back to the 5th century BCE. Buddhism originated from Ancient India, in and around the ancient Kingdom of Magadha, and is based on the teachings of the renunciate Siddhārtha Gautama. The religion evolved as it spread from the northeastern region of the Indian subcontinent throughout Central, East, and Southeast Asia. At one time or another, it influenced most of Asia.

The history of Buddhism is also characterized by the development of numerous movements, schisms, and philosophical schools. Among them were the Theravāda, Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna traditions, with contrasting periods of expansion and retreat.
Castellini
Castellini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Castellini (1951–1976), Italian boxer

Bob Castellini (born 1941), American businessman

Caterina Amigoni Castellini (18th century), Italian pastellist living in Spain

Claudio Castellini (born 1966), Italian comics artist

Giacomo Castellini (fl. 1678), Italian Baroque painter

Gianluca Castellini (died 1510), Roman Catholic Bishop of Catanzaro

Jean Castellini (born 1968), Monegasque businessman and civil servant

Julien Castellini (born 1975), Monegasque alpine skier

Luca Castellini or Lucas Castellini (died 1631), Roman Catholic prelate

Luciano Castellini (born 1945), Italian footballer and manager

Marcello Castellini (born 1973), Italian footballer

Miguel Angel Castellini (1947–2020), Argentine boxer

Paolo Castellini (born 1979), Italian footballer

Raffaelle Castellini (died 1864), Italian artist

Jean Castellini
Jean Castellini (born 21 January 1968) is a Monegasque businessman and civil servant.

Castellini was Counsellor of Finance and Economy from December 2012 to September 2023.

Castellini graduated from École des Hautes Études Commerciales and from Haas School of Business, Berkeley. He was Councillor in the Prince’s Cabinet from 2006 to 2007, and secretary general of the Commission for the Control of Financial Activities from 2007 to 2009. He was managing director of Monegasque Safra Bank from 2009 until his appointment as Counsellor of Finance and Economy.
North Riding Football League
The North Riding Football League is an English football league that was founded in 2017 by the merger of the former Teesside Football League and Eskvale & Cleveland League.

The league has three divisions – the Premier Division (which stands at level 11 of the English football league system), Division One and Women's Premier Division. The men's regional team won the 2017-18 FA Inter-League Cup, which qualified the team for the 2019 UEFA Regions' Cup.

As of August 2024, four clubs have been promoted from the league into the National League System, Redcar Town, Boro Rangers, Yarm & Eaglescliffe and Grangetown Boys Club

National League System (football)
The National League System comprises the six levels of the English football league system immediately below the level of the English Football League. It comes under the jurisdiction of the Football Association. The National League System has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels. For details of leagues above and below the National League System, see the English football league system.

The system underwent a rearrangement from 2004 to 2008 and was rearranged again in 2018. Phase one went into operation in 2004–05. At the start of the 2006–07 season, phase two was introduced, and a further phase three started from 2007–08 with the starting of a second Step 4 league in the north of England. Phase four took effect in 2018–19. Ahead of the 2020–21 season, Step 7 was abolished, being replaced by feeder leagues overseen by local county FAs.
179th meridian west
The meridian 179° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 179th meridian west forms a great ellipse with the 1st meridian east.

Great ellipse
A great ellipse is an ellipse passing through two points on a spheroid and having the same center as that of the spheroid. Equivalently, it is an ellipse on the surface of a spheroid and centered on the origin, or the curve formed by intersecting the spheroid by a plane through its center.
For points that are separated by less than about a quarter of the circumference of the earth, about , the length of the great ellipse connecting the points is close (within one part in 500,000) to the geodesic distance.
The great ellipse therefore is sometimes proposed as a suitable route for marine navigation.
The great ellipse is special case of an earth section path.
Dreamcar (album)
Dreamcar is the debut album by American band Dreamcar. It was released on May 12, 2017 through PLOF, LLC, a branch of Columbia Records. The album produced two singles, "Kill for Candy" and "All of the Dead Girls".

Tom Dumont
Thomas Martin Dumont (born January 11, 1968)  is an American musician and producer.  Dumont is a member of third wave ska band No Doubt, and during the band's hiatus, he began Invincible Overlord as a side project and produced Matt Costa's Songs We Sing.
Vineland Handicap
The Vineland Handicap was an American Thoroughbred horse race run at Garden State Park Racetrack in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. Open to horses age three and older, it was contested on turf over a distance of a mile and a sixteenth.

Inaugurated in 1942, the Vineland Handicap was last run in 1999 when that year's American Champion Female Turf Horse, Soaring Softly won. On March 18, 2000, the Philadelphia Inquirer reported that the Vineland Handicap had been cancelled due to financial restraints. The track closed in 2001.

Soaring Softly
Soaring Softly (1995 in Kentucky – 2015) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse whose biggest win came in the 1999 Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf. She originally raced on dirt, with limited success. Switched to turf at age four, she won seven of eight starts and was named the American Champion Female Turf Horse.
Wahikar Union
The Wahikar Union was a peasants organization in Punjab, India. It was founded in the mid-1970s and functioned as a mass organization of the Punjab Communist Revolutionary Committee (later the UCCRI(ML)).

The Wahikar Union organized a militant mass protest in Jagraon in 1974. Police opened fire on the demonstration, killing one peasant. Later in the same year, on 26 November, an armed demonstration was organized jointly in Bhatinda by Wahikar Union, Punjab Students Union and Bharat Naujavan Sabha. The rally was dispersed by police forces. Several leaders of the protest were arrested.

By 1982 the Wahikar Union had become defunct.

Jagraon
Jagraon is a city and a municipal council, a rural police district and a sub-division of the Ludhiana district in the Indian state of Punjab. Jagraon is more than three centuries old. Jagraon is at almost the geographical center of the state, 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from the Satluj River. It is 37 km (23 mi) from its district headquarters Ludhiana, 29 km (18 mi) from Moga, 31 km (19 mi) from Nakodar and 54 miles from Barnala.
Declan Donnellan
Declan Michael Martin Donnellan OBE (born 4 August 1953) is an English film/stage director and author. He co-founded the Cheek by Jowl theatre company with Nick Ormerod in 1981. In addition to his Cheek by Jowl productions, Donnellan has made theatre, opera and ballet with a variety of companies across the world.  In 1992, he received an honorary degree from the University of Warwick and in 2004 he was made a Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres for his work in France. In 2010, he was made an honorary fellow of Goldsmiths' College, University of London. Donnellan was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 Birthday Honours for services to theatre.

Le Cid
Le Cid is a five-act French tragicomedy written by Pierre Corneille, first performed in December 1636 at the Théâtre du Marais in Paris and published the same year. It is based on Guillén de Castro's play Las Mocedades del Cid. Castro's play in turn is based on the legend of El Cid.

An enormous popular success, Corneille's Le Cid was the subject of a heated polemic over the norms of dramatic practice known as the Querelle du Cid (Quarrel of The Cid). Cardinal Richelieu's Académie française acknowledged the play's success, but determined that it was defective, in part because it did not respect the classical unities.

Today, Le Cid is widely regarded as Corneille's finest work, and is considered one of the greatest plays of the seventeenth century.
20th Battalion, London Regiment (Blackheath and Woolwich)
The 20th (County of London) Battalion, The London Regiment (Blackheath and Woolwich), was a unit of Britain's Territorial Force formed in 1908 from Volunteer corps dating back to 1859. It saw considerable service on the Western Front, at Salonika and in Palestine during the First World War. It served as a searchlight regiment and later as an infantry regiment during the Second World War.

Shades of green
Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation or intensity) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below.
IrfanView
IrfanView (/ˈɪərfænvjuː/) is an image viewer, editor, organizer and converter program for Microsoft Windows. It can also play video and audio files, and has some image creation and painting capabilities. IrfanView is free for non-commercial use; commercial use requires paid registration. It is noted for its small size, speed, ease of use, and ability to handle a wide variety of graphic file formats. It was first released in 1996.

IrfanView is named after its creator, Irfan Škiljan, from Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina, living in Lower Austria. The current version of IrfanView, 4.73, works under all versions of Windows from Windows XP to Windows 11. Version 4.44 and older versions were compatible with Windows 95/98/Me and can also be run in Linux under Wine and in macOS using WineBottler.

Image editing
Image editing  encompasses the processes of altering images, whether they are digital photographs, traditional photo-chemical photographs, or illustrations. Traditional analog image editing is known as photo retouching, using tools such as an airbrush to modify photographs or edit illustrations with any traditional art medium. Graphic software programs, which can be broadly grouped into vector graphics editors, raster graphics editors, and 3D modelers, are the primary tools with which a user may manipulate, enhance, and transform images. Many image editing programs are also used to render or create computer art from scratch. The term "image editing" usually refers only to the editing of 2D images, not 3D ones.