hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Command sergeant major
A command sergeant major (CSM) is a non-commissioned rank and position of office in the United States Army. The holder of this rank and position is the most senior enlisted member of a color-bearing Army unit (battalion or higher). The CSM is appointed to serve as a spokesman to address the issues of all soldiers, from enlisted to officers, from warrant officers and lieutenants to the Army's highest positions. As such, they are the senior enlisted advisor to the commander. The exact duties vary depending on the unit commander, including observing training and talking with soldiers and their families.

Distinctive unit insignia
A distinctive unit insignia (DUI) is a metallic heraldic badge or device worn by soldiers in the United States Army. The DUI design is derived from the coat of arms authorized for a unit. DUIs may also be called "distinctive insignia" (DI) or, imprecisely, a "crest" or a "unit crest" by soldiers or collectors. The U.S. Army Institute of Heraldry is responsible for the design, development and authorization of all DUIs.
Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway
The Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway (B&DJR) was a British railway company. From Birmingham it connected at Derby with the North Midland Railway and the Midland Counties Railway at what became known as the Tri Junct Station.  It now forms part of the main route between the West Country and the North East.

West Country
The West Country is a loosely defined area within South West England, usually taken to include the counties of Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Somerset and Bristol, with some considering it to extend to all or parts of Wiltshire, Gloucestershire and Herefordshire. The West Country has a distinctive regional English dialect and accent, and is also home to the Cornish language.
Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah
Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah (Bengali: ফখরুদ্দীন মুবারক শাহ, Persian: فخر الدین مبارک شاه; reigned: 1338–1349), also known simply as Fakhra, was the founder of an independent sultanate and the Mubarak Shahi Dynasty, comprising modern-day eastern and southeastern Bangladesh. His kingdom was centred in the city of Sonargaon, which emerged as a principal superpower during his reign. He was also the first Muslim ruler to conquest Chittagong, the principal port of Bengal region in 1340 AD.

Noakhali District
Noakhali District (Bengali: নোয়াখালী জেলা), historically known as Bhulua (Bengali: ভুলুয়া), is a district in southeastern Bangladesh, located in Chattogram Division. It was established as a district in 1821, and officially named Noakhali in 1868. The district's administrative center is situated in the town of Maijdee, governed by Noakhali municipality, within Noakhali Sadar Upazila. Notably, Noakhali is the only district in Bangladesh whose capital city does not share the district's name.
Puchezh
Puchezh (Russian: Пу́чеж) is a port town and the administrative center of Puchezhsky District in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia, located on the west side of the Volga River, 175 kilometers (109 mi) east of Ivanovo, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 6,879 (2021 Census); 8,588 (2010 Census); 10,345 (2002 Census); 12,712 (1989 Soviet census).

Ivanovo
Ivanovo (Russian: Иваново, IPA: [ɪˈvanəvə] ⓘ) is a city in Russia and the administrative center and largest city of Ivanovo Oblast, located 254 kilometers (158 mi) northeast of Moscow and approximately 100 kilometers (62 mi) from Yaroslavl, Vladimir and Kostroma. Ivanovo has a population of 361,644 as of the 2021 Census, making it the 50th largest city in Russia. Until 1932, it was previously known as Ivanovo-Voznesensk. It is the youngest city of the Golden Ring of Russia.

The city lies on the Uvod River, in the centre of the eponymous oblast. Ivanovo gained city status in 1871, emerged as a major center for textile production, and began to be referred to as the "Russian Manchester". The city is served by Ivanovo Yuzhny Airport.
Guillermo Posadas
Guillermo Posadas (1886–1937) was a Mexican composer. He composed the Mexican folk song "Noche Feliz" ("Happy Night"), recorded by the Italian tenor Enrico Caruso and sung in Spanish. The song "Noche Feliz" describes a night with Posadas's wife María, and love with his soul. Posadas was also a musical arranger and assistant director of an orquesta típica in New York, who worked with Mexican singer Carmen Garcia Cornejo, and composer Miguel Lerdo de Tejada.

Enrico Caruso
Enrico Caruso (25 February 1873 – 2 August 1921) was an Italian operatic tenor, who sang to great acclaim at the major opera houses of Europe and the Americas, appearing in a wide variety of roles that ranged from the lyric to the dramatic. Generally recognized as the first international recording star, Caruso made around 250 commercially released recordings from 1902 to 1920.
Ceanothus leucodermis
Ceanothus leucodermis, with the common names chaparral whitethorn or chaparral white thorn, is a species of shrub in the family Rhamnaceae. This Ceanothus is an importance browse for several types of ungulate, such as the mule deer and bighorn sheep, who prefer the new growth and shoots to the older, spiny parts.

Desert bighorn sheep
The desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) is a subspecies of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) that is native to the deserts of the United States' intermountain west and southwestern regions, as well as northwestern Mexico. The Bureau of Land Management considered the subspecies "sensitive" to extinction.

The trinomial of this species commemorates the American naturalist Edward William Nelson (1855–1934). The characteristics and behavior of the desert bighorn sheep generally follow those of other bighorn sheep, except for adaptation to the lack of water in the desert. They can go for extended periods of time without drinking water.

The desert bighorn sheep is the state mammal of Nevada. It is also the mascot of the Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Girl Heroes
Girl Heroes: The New Force In Popular Culture is a 2002 book by Susan Hopkins. It is a cultural analysis of the contemporary archetype of the girl hero in popular culture.

Hopkins argues for a link between the 1990s British band Spice Girls, their vision of girl power, and the creation of a new kind of "girl hero". Hopkins also explores the roles of figures such as supermodels, magical girls, Carmen Sandiego, Britney Spears, Lara Croft, Xena, Dana Scully, the Charlie's Angels (the 2000s version), Sabrina Spellman, Mulan, and Buffy Summers.

She also draws comparisons between these images and earlier ones, such as Emma Peel of The Avengers, the 1970s television show Wonder Woman, Madonna and the Charlie's Angels TV show of the 1970s, pointing out the relative independence of this archetype from male and parental support.

Cultural analysis
As a discipline, cultural analysis is based on using qualitative research methods of the arts, humanities, social sciences, in particular ethnography and anthropology, to collect data on cultural phenomena and to interpret cultural representations and practices; in an effort to gain new knowledge or understanding through analysis of that data and cultural processes. This is particularly useful for understanding and mapping trends, influences, effects, and affects within cultures.
East Orland, Maine
East Orland is an unincorporated village in the town of Orland, Hancock County, Maine, United States. The community is located along U.S. Route 1, 12.8 miles (20.6 km) west of Ellsworth. East Orland has a post office, with ZIP code 04431.

Ellsworth, Maine
Ellsworth is a city in and the county seat of Hancock County, Maine, United States. The 2020 Census determined it had a population of 8,399. Named after United States Founding Father Oliver Ellsworth, it contains historic buildings and other points of interest, and is close to Acadia National Park.
Boronia warrumbunglensis
Boronia warrumbunglensis is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to a small area in the central west of New South Wales. It is a shrub with many branches, pinnate leaves and one or two pink, four-petalled flowers in the leaf axils. It is only known from the Warrumbungles and nearby districts.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Lion Bridge
The Lion Bridge is a historic cantilever bridge built over the Tuolumne River in central Stanislaus County which connects the city of Modesto, California on the north with the census-designated places of Shackelford and Bystrom on the south.

Stanislaus County, California
Stanislaus County (/ˈstænɪslɔː(s)/ ⓘ STAN-iss-law(ss); Spanish: Condado de Estanislao) is a county located in the San Joaquin Valley of the U.S. state of California. As of 2023, its estimated population  is 564,404. The county seat is Modesto.

Stanislaus County makes up the Modesto metropolitan statistical area. The county is located just east of the San Francisco Bay Area and serves as a bedroom community for those who work in the eastern part of the Bay Area.
Tempa, Nepal
Tempa is a village (and has a Village Development Committee) in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,149 persons living in 748 individual households.

Khotang District
Khotang District (Nepali: खोटाङ जिल्लाListenⓘ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal. The district, with Diktel as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,591 km2 (614 sq mi) and has a population (2021) of 206,312. The district is bordered by Bhojpur District in the east, Udayapur District in the south, Okhaldhunga District in the west and Solukhumbu District in the North. In this district there are two municipalities and eight rural/urban municipalities.
Involv3r
Involv3r (stylised as Invol<3r) is a mix album by Welsh DJ Sasha, released on 18 March 2013 through Ministry of Sound. It is the third mix album in the Involver series, following 2008's Invol2ver. Like its predecessors, tracks from other artists have each been remixed to give Sasha's own interpretation of them. Upon release, the album charted at number 1 and number 6 on the UK Dance Albums and UK Compilation charts respectively.

Ministry of Sound
Ministry of Sound or Ministry of Sound Group is a multimedia entertainment business based in London with a nightclub, shared workspace and private members' club, worldwide events operation, music publishing business and fitness studio.

James Palumbo is the co-founder and former chairman and CEO of the Group. He handed over the day-to-day running of the business to Lohan Presencer in 2008. In 2018, Presencer became chairman.
2002 AIG Japan Open Tennis Championships – Men's doubles
Rick Leach and David Macpherson were the defending champions but lost in the semifinals to Jan-Michael Gambill and Graydon Oliver.

Jeff Coetzee and Chris Haggard won in the final 7–6(7–4), 6–4 against Gambill and Oliver.

Chris Haggard
Chris Haggard (born 28 April 1971) is a former professional tennis player from South Africa.

After finishing runner-up in the NAIA national men's tennis championship singles draw in 1991 while playing for Auburn University-Montgomery, Haggard turned pro in 1993. He won six ATP Tour doubles titles and finished runner-up a further 12 times. He reached his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 19 in September 2003.

Haggard played Team Tennis for the Delaware Smash until January 2009.
WJLA 24/7 News
WJLA 24/7 News is an American regional cable news television channel in Washington, D.C., operated by ABC-affiliated station WJLA-TV (channel 7) owned by the Sinclair Broadcast Group. The channel provides 24-hour news coverage primarily focused on Washington, northern Virginia, and suburban areas of Maryland within the Washington metropolitan area. The channel shares studio facilities and offices with WJLA-TV and the Rosslyn-based Circa News in Arlington, Virginia. WJLA 24/7 News reaches more than 1.2 million cable television households within the D.C metropolitan area.

24-hour news cycle
The 24-hour news cycle (or 24/7 news cycle) is the 24-hour investigation and reporting of news, concomitant with fast-paced lifestyles. The vast news resources available in recent decades have increased competition for audience and advertiser attention, prompting media providers to deliver the latest news in the most compelling manner in order to remain ahead of competitors. Television, radio, print, online and mobile app news media all have many suppliers that want to be relevant to their audiences and deliver news first.

A complete news cycle consists of the media reporting on some event, followed by the media reporting on public and other reactions to the earlier reports. The advent of 24-hour cable and satellite television news channels and, in more recent times, of news sources on the World Wide Web (including blogs), considerably shortened this process.
Jörg Vogelsänger
Jörg Vogelsänger (born 17 May 1964 in Woltersdorf) is a German politician. He has been a member of the Landtag of Brandenburg since 2014, having previously served from 1994 to 2002. From 2010 to 2014, he served as minister of infrastructure and agriculture of Brandenburg. From 2014 to 2019, he served as minister of rural development, environment and agriculture of Brandenburg. From 2002 to 2009, he was a member of the Bundestag.

Woltersdorf, Brandenburg
Woltersdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈvɔltɐsˌdɔʁf]) is a municipality in the Oder-Spree district in Brandenburg. It is often referred to as "near Berlin" (German: "bei Berlin") or "near Erkner" (German: "bei Erkner") as there are a number of other places bearing the same name in Germany.
Arnaldo Mecozzi
Arnaldo Mecozzi (1876 in Frascati, Italy - Santos, Brazil 1932) was an Italian decorator and painter. Along with son Vincenzo Mecozzi, he was noted for his work in Brazil. They worked on buildings such as the Igreja do Imaculado Coração de Maria of São Paulo.

Santos, São Paulo
Santos (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃tus] ⓘ, Saints), officially Municipality of Estância Balneária de Santos, is a city and municipality in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, founded in 1546 by the Portuguese nobleman Brás Cubas. It is located mostly on the island of São Vicente, which harbors both the city of Santos and the city of São Vicente, and partially on the mainland. It is the main city in the metropolitan region of Baixada Santista. The population is 440,965 (2025 est.) in an area of 280.67 km2 (108.37 sq mi). The city is home to the Coffee Museum, where world coffee prices were once negotiated. There is also a football memorial, dedicated to the city's greatest players, which includes Pelé, who spent the majority of his career with Santos Futebol Clube. Its beachfront garden, 5,335 m (5,834 yd) in length, figures in Guinness World Records as the largest beachfront garden in the world.
The Mark of the Angel
The Mark of the Angel (French: L'Empreinte de l'ange) is a 1998 novel by Canadian writer Nancy Huston.  It was originally published in French, appearing under the title L'Empreinte de l'Ange.  Both editions were nominated in Canada for a Governor General's Award in 1998 and 1999 respectively. The English edition was also a nominee for the Giller Prize in 1999.

Giller Prize
The Giller Prize (formerly known as the Scotiabank Giller Prize from 2005 to 2025) is a literary award given to a Canadian author of a novel or short story collection published in English (including translation) the previous year, after an annual juried competition between publishers who submit entries. The prize was established in 1994 by Toronto businessman Jack Rabinovitch in honour of his late wife Doris Giller, a former literary editor at the Toronto Star, and is awarded in November of each year along with a cash reward (then CAN$25,000) with the winner being presented by the previous year's winning author.

Since its inception, the Giller Prize has been awarded to emerging and established authors from both small independent and large publishing houses in Canada.

In February of 2025, the Giller Prize severed its relationship with Scotiabank, its main sponsor, after more than a year of protests.
1999–2000 Swiss 1. Liga
The 1999–2000 Swiss 1. Liga was the 68th season of this league since its creation in 1931. At this time, the 1. Liga was the third tier of the Swiss football league system and it was the highest level of amateur football.

FC Meyrin
Meyrin Football Club is a football team based in Meyrin in Switzerland. They currently play in the 1. Liga Classic, the third tier of the Swiss football pyramid.

Meyrin were promoted to 1. Liga in summer 1995. In summer 1996 Meyrin were promoted to Nationalliga B and returned to 1. Liga in the following summer. Meyrin were promoted again in 2003 until relegated again in 2006.
Lüchow-Dannenberg – Lüneburg
Lüchow-Dannenberg – Lüneburg is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 37. It is located in northeastern Lower Saxony, comprising the Lüchow-Dannenberg and Lüneburg districts.

Lüchow-Dannenberg – Lüneburg was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2021, it has been represented by Jakob Blankenburg of the Social Democratic Party (SPD).

Lüneburg (district)
Lüneburg is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the southeast and clockwise) the districts of Lüchow-Dannenberg, Uelzen, Heidekreis and Harburg, and the states of Schleswig-Holstein (district of Lauenburg) and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (district of Ludwigslust-Parchim).
Showaiter
The Showaiter (Arabic: شويطر) is an Arabic Sunni family based in the Arabian Peninsula, especially the Arab States of the Persian Gulf. In Bahrain, the family is based in Muharraq, which is one of the 33 islands in Bahrain and was the old capital city. They are known as the inventors of a sweet, which is popular in the Persian Gulf region, as Halwa Showaiter.

Hussain Moh'd Showaiter Sweets

Arab states of the Persian Gulf
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf (Arabic: دول الخليج الفارسي, romanized: duwal al-Khalīj al-ʿfarsi), are a group of Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

The term has been used in different contexts to refer to a number of Arab states in the Persian Gulf region. The prominent political union of the region is the Gulf Cooperation Council, which includes all Persian Gulf states except Iraq. Most Persian Gulf states are former protectorates of the British Empire.
Sankt Florian
Sankt Florian (also Florian or St. Florian) is a town in the Austrian state of Upper Austria. It is 10 miles (16 km) from Linz.

Sankt Florian is the home of St. Florian Monastery, a community of Canons Regular named after Saint Florian and one of the oldest operational monasteries in the world following the Rule of St. Augustine. Composer Anton Bruckner (1824–96), who was a choirboy and later organist in the town, is buried beneath the organ inside the monastic church, which was elevated to the rank of basilica minor in 1999.

Canon regular
The Canons Regular are Catholic priests and religious brothers (canons) who live in community under a rule (Latin: regula and κανών, kanon, in Greek) and are generally organised into religious orders, differing from both secular canons and other forms of religious life, such as clerics regular, designated by a partly similar terminology. As religious communities, they have lay brothers as part of the community. Canons regular generally follow the Rule of Saint Augustine.

At times, the life of canons regular has been very popular. In 12th-century England, there were more houses of canons (often referred to as an abbey or canonry) than monasteries of monks.
Nok Iron Smelting
A notable aspect of the Nok culture (based in Kaduna State of Nigeria, 280-1 BC) was its advanced iron smelting technology, which had a wide-reaching impact on their tools and weapons. Interestingly, the Nok are among the few known civilizations to transition directly from stone tools to iron tools, without passing through the intermediate Bronze Age or Chalcolithic copper tool stages.

The Nok civilization used iron-smelting furnaces that operated at very high temperatures and showed a sophisticated understanding of pyrotechnology. Radiocarbon dating has placed some of these furnaces as early as 280 BC.

This metallurgical innovation led to the creation of durable iron tools, such as hoes, which were particularly useful in agriculture. However, due to the limited availability of metal, stone tools continued to be used alongside iron ones.

Hoe (tool)
A hoe is an ancient and versatile agricultural and horticultural hand tool used to shape soil, remove weeds, clear soil, and harvest root crops. Shaping the soil includes piling soil around the base of plants (hilling), digging narrow furrows (drills) and shallow trenches for planting seeds or bulbs. Weeding with a hoe includes agitating the surface of the soil or cutting foliage from roots, and clearing the soil of old roots and crop residues. Hoes for digging and moving soil are used to harvest root crops such as potatoes.
Łążek, Łódź Voivodeship
Łążek [ˈwɔ̃ʐɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowa Brzeźnica, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) west of Nowa Brzeźnica, 12 km (7 mi) south-east of Pajęczno, and 85 km (53 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Pajęczno
Pajęczno [paˈjɛnt͡ʂnɔ] is a town in Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Pajęczno County. It lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) north of Częstochowa. Its population is 6,651 (2020). It is located in the Sieradz Land.
Kelly Vincent
Kelly Leah Vincent (born 25 October 1988) is an Australian playwright, actor and former politician. She was elected at the 2010 state election for the Dignity Party to the eleventh and last seat for an eight-year term in the 22-member Legislative Council in the Parliament of South Australia.

Vincent has cerebral palsy and attended parliament in a wheelchair. Parliament House underwent installation of a specifically designed desk inside the chamber, as well as wheelchair accessible toilets and ramps.

Parliament House, Adelaide
Parliament House, on the corner of North Terrace and King William Road in the Adelaide city centre, is the seat of the Parliament of South Australia. It was built to replace the adjacent and overcrowded Parliament House, now referred to as "Old Parliament House".  Due to financial constraints, the current Parliament House was constructed in stages over 65 years from 1874 to 1939.

Guided public tours of the building are held on weekdays at 10am and 2pm, except when the Parliament is sitting.