hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Songs of Scotland
Jo Stafford Sings Songs of Scotland is a 1957 album by Jo Stafford. It was released in October 1957 on the Columbia label and features Stafford backed by the Paul Weston Orchestra. Some of the tracks come from the 1954 album Songs of Scotland.The lyrics are all taken from traditional Scottish poetry, many from the work of Robert Burns, with the music written by Alton Rinker.

Stafford and Weston re-joined Capitol Records in 1961. The album was later released by Weston and Stafford's own record label, Corinthian.

Al Rinker
Alton Markwood "Al" Rinker (December 20, 1907 – June 11, 1982) was an American musician who began his career as a teen performing with Bing Crosby in the early 1920s in Spokane, Washington. In 1925 the pair moved to Los Angeles, eventually forming the Rhythm Boys trio with Harry Barris.
Nicholas Grattan-Doyle
Sir Nicholas Grattan-Doyle, DL (18 August 1862 – 14 July 1941), of The Manor House, Birtley, County Durham (now Tyne and Wear), was a Unionist Party politician in the United Kingdom.

He contested the January 1910 General Election as Liberal Unionist candidate for Gateshead, finishing second. On 27 July 1915, Grattan-Doyle was appointed a deputy lieutenant of County Durham. He was elected as member of parliament (MP) for Newcastle upon Tyne North at the 1918 general election, and held the seat until his resignation in 1940, aged 78, the age he was when he died the following year.

Birtley, Tyne and Wear
Birtley is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead, in Tyne and Wear, England. It is situated to the south of Gateshead and is conjoined to Chester-le-Street across the county boundary in County Durham.
T. Padmanabhan
Thinakkal Padmanabhan (born 5 February 1931), popularly known as T. Padmanabhan, is an Indian author. A seminal figure in post Independence Indian literature, he is widely regarded as the greatest short story writer in Malayalam language. He is a recipient of several awards including the Ezhuthachan Puraskaram, the highest literary award of the Government of Kerala. He declined some of the earlier awards he was selected for which include Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award (1973), Odakkuzhal Award (1995) and Sahitya Akademi Award (1996). Mahatma Gandhi University conferred on him the honoris causa degree of the Doctor of Letters in 2018.
 In 2023, he was honoured with the Kerala Jyothi Award, the highest civilian award given by the Kerala Government.

Kerala awards
Kerala awards are state-level civilian awards instituted by the Government of Kerala, India on the model of the Padma awards instituted by the Government of India.

Established in 2021, the awards are conferred on individuals who have made "priceless contribution to the society". The awardees are announced every year on 1 November, which is observed as the Kerala Piravi.
Recep Pasha
Recep Pasha (also transliterated in the past as Rajab Pasha or Ragab Pasha or Redjep Pasha or Redjeb Pasha, or  Rajab Bacha or even Rajab Basha; died 1726) was an Ottoman statesman.

Recep Pasha became a vizier in September 1707 and served as the Ottoman governor of Diyarbekir Eyalet (1707–10, 1725), Van Eyalet (1710–11), Sivas Eyalet (1711–12, 1726), Trabzon Eyalet (1712–13, 1724–25), Sanjak of Teke (1713–14), Sanjak of Jerusalem (1714–16), Damascus Eyalet (1716, 1718), Aleppo Eyalet (1719–1720, 1721–24), Egypt Eyalet (1720–21), and Tbilisi (1724).

He was of Albanian origin. He married Emine Sultan, the daughter of Ottoman Sultan Mustafa II.

Trebizond Eyalet
Trebizond Eyalet (Ottoman Turkish: ایالت طربزون, romanized: Eyālet-i Ṭrabzōn) or Trabzon Beylerbeyliği was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire.

Established in 1598, it remained a primarily Christian region into the 17th century, well after the rest of Anatolia had been converted to Islam. This province has experienced various rebellions, such as the Tuzcuoğlu rebellions. Its reported area in the 19th century was 10,507 square miles (27,210 km2).
Queen of Blood (2014 film)
Queen of Blood is a 2014 vampire film that was written and directed by Chris Alexander and is a follow-up to his 2012 film Blood for Irina. The film had its world premiere on 4 April 2014 at the International Horror and Sci-Fi Film Festival and has actress Shauna Henry returning to reprise the character of Irina. A DVD and VOD release will occur in September 2015.

Alexander shot part of the film using his iPhone and stated that "my recurring effect of swirling blood and colored chemicals are captured by the iPhone with absolutely no color correcting or post-production interference."

Of the film's inspiration, Alexander wanted to create a "vampire version of Werner Herzog’s Aguirre, the Wrath of God, and, so, I wrote a theme that reminded me a little bit of the late, great Popol Vuh’s work on Aguirre".

International Horror and Sci-Fi Film Festival
International Horror and Sci-Fi Film Festival is a film festival dedicated to the genres of horror and science fiction. The event is held annually in Tempe, Arizona, United States. The festival was founded in 2005 by fans of horror and sci-fi films.
Anugraham (1977 film)
Anugraham is a 1977 Indian Malayalam film, co-written and directed by Melattoor Ravi Varma and produced by Melattoor Ravi Varma. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Vincent and Radha Saluja in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Shankar–Ganesh.

Radha Saluja
Radha Saluja is an Indian actress who has worked in Hindi cinema, Punjabi cinema and Tamil, Bengali, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada movies. She was born on 15 September 1951 in Calcutta, West Bengal, India.  An alumna of the Film and Television Institute of India, she is known for her films opposite M. G. Ramachandran like Indru Pol Endrum Vaazhga and Idhayakkani, both of which were blockbusters in Tamil in 1977 and 1975 respectively. She is known for her Hindi films like Haar Jeet (1972) and Ek Mutthi Aasmaan (1973). In 1975, she appeared in the breakthrough Punjabi film Morni (1975).
Ahmed Omaid Khpalwak
Ahmad Omaid Khpalwak, also spelled as Ahmed Omed Khpulwak, (ca. 1987 – 28 July 2011) was an Afghan journalist who worked for the Pajhwok Afghan News and as a freelance stringer for the BBC since 2008. After an investigation into his death, it was determined by the International Security Assistance Force that an American soldier had accidentally killed Khpalwak while clearing a broadcast building of terrorists while Tarin Kowt was under attack. Khpalwak was the third journalist from Pajhwok to be killed in three years. He was the third BBC reporter to be killed in Afghanistan and the second BBC reporter to be killed in the War in Afghanistan.

Stringer (journalism)
In journalism, a stringer is a freelancer who contributes writing, photos, or videos to a photo agency, news agency, or other news organization. They are paid for each piece rather than a fixed salary. Stringers include journalists, photographers, or videographers.

As freelancers, stringers do not receive a regular salary, and the amount and type of work is typically at their discretion. However, stringers often have an ongoing relationship with one or more news organizations, to which they provide content on particular topics or locations when the opportunities arise.
Earl of Merioneth
Earl of Merioneth was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom created in 1947 along with the Duke of Edinburgh and the Baron Greenwich for Philip Mountbatten, later Prince Philip, upon his marriage to Princess Elizabeth, later Queen Elizabeth II.

Merionethshire is one of thirteen historic counties of Wales, a vice county and a former administrative county.

Historic counties of Wales
The historic counties of Wales (Welsh: siroedd hynafol) were the thirteen sub-divisions used in Wales from 1535 up to their abolition in 1974 when they were replaced by eight larger administrative counties (which in turn were replaced with the current twenty-two). They were used for various functions for several hundred years, with some dating to 1282, but for administrative purposes have been superseded by contemporary sub-national divisions, some of which bear some limited similarity to the historic entities in name and extent. They are alternatively known as ancient counties.
Where Do We Go from Here (Hank Smith song)
"Where Do We Go from Here" is a single by Canadian country music artist Hank Smith. The song debuted at number 48 on the RPM Country Tracks chart on September 4, 1971. It peaked at number 1 on November 27, 1971.

Hank Smith (singer)
Hank Smith, CM (September 15, 1934 – October 19, 2002) was a Canadian country music singer.

He was born in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany and moved to Canada in 1957. He founded the band Wild Rose Country in 1963 and recorded ten albums. Twelve of Smith's singles made the RPM Country Tracks charts, including five which went to Number One.

Hank Smith was the founding president of the Academy of Country Music Entertainment in 1976, now the Canadian Country Music Association.

Smith was appointed a Member of the Order of Canada in 1994.
Julie Baumann
Julie Baumann née Rocheleau (born June 17, 1964 in Saint-Jérôme, Quebec) is a Canadian-born Swiss retired athlete specializing in the
100 metres hurdles. She held the national record in this event between 1991 and 2011.

100 metres hurdles
The 100 metres hurdles, or 100-meter hurdles, is a track and field event run mainly by women (the male counterpart is the 110 metres hurdles). For the race, ten hurdles of a height of 83.8 centimetres (33 in) are placed along a straight course of 100 metres (109.36 yd). The first hurdle is placed after a run-up of 13 metres from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 8.5 metres from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 10.5 metres long. The hurdles are set up so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner, but weighted so this is disadvantageous. Fallen hurdles do not count against runners provided that they do not run into them on purpose. Like the 100 metres sprint, the 100 m hurdles begins with athletes in starting blocks.

The fastest 100 m hurdlers run the distance in well under 13 seconds. The world record set by Tobi Amusan stands at 12.12 seconds.
Azerbaijanis
Azerbaijanis (/ˌæzərbaɪˈdʒæni, -ɑːni/; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycanlılar, آذربایجانلیلار), Azeris or Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan türkləri, آذربایجان تۆرکلری) are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Azerbaijan region of northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan. They are the largest ethnic group in the Republic of Azerbaijan and the second-largest ethnic group in neighboring Iran and Georgia. They speak the Azerbaijani language, belonging to the Oghuz branch of the Turkic languages, and predominantly practice Shia Islam.

Following the Russo-Persian Wars of 1813 and 1828, the territories of Qajar Iran in the Caucasus were ceded to the Russian Empire and the treaties of Gulistan in 1813 and Turkmenchay in 1828 finalized the borders between Russia and Iran. After more than 80 years of being under the Russian Empire in the Caucasus, the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic was established in 1918 which defined the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Qizilbash
Qizilbash or Kizilbash were a diverse array of mainly Turkoman Shia militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan, Anatolia, Kurdistan, the Armenian highlands, and the Caucasus from the late 15th century onwards, and contributed to the foundation of the Safavid dynasty in early modern Iran.

By the 18th-century, anyone involved with the Safavid state—militarily, diplomatically, or administratively—came to be broadly referred to as "Qizilbash". It was eventually applied to some inhabitants of Iran. In the early 19th-century, Shia Muslims from Iran could be referred as "Qizilbash", thus highlighting the influence of the distinctive traits of the Safavids, despite the Iranian shah (king) Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834) simultaneously creating a Qajar dynastic identity grounded in the pre-Islamic past.
Babe London
Babe London (born Jean Glover, August 28, 1901 – November 29, 1980) was an American actress and comedian, most remembered for her one-time partnership with Oliver Hardy in the 1931 Laurel and Hardy two-reeler Our Wife.

Oliver Hardy
Oliver Norvell Hardy (born Norvell Hardy; January 18, 1892 – August 7, 1957) was an American comic actor and one half of Laurel and Hardy, the double act that began in the era of silent films and lasted from 1926 to 1957. He appeared with his comedy partner Stan Laurel in 107 short films, feature films, and cameo roles. He was credited with his first film, Outwitting Dad, in 1914. In most of his silent films before joining producer Hal Roach, he was billed on screen as Babe Hardy.
Poptone
Poptone is an English–American punk rock supergroup band formed in early 2017 by British musicians Daniel Ash and Kevin Haskins with Diva Dompé (Haskins' daughter). Ash and Haskins were both formerly of the bands Bauhaus, Tones on Tail, Love and Rockets, and the Bubblemen.

In their initial press release, the band announced: "Daniel and Kevin are revisiting their storied catalogue and presenting in a fresh, new direction, to combine their histories with a reinvigorated outlook for new tours and potentially new music."

An eponymous live album recorded at various stops on the tour was self-released on 17 December 2017, funded through PledgeMusic.

PledgeMusic
PledgeMusic was an online direct-to-fan music platform, launched in August 2009. It was started to facilitate musicians looking to pre-sell, market, and distribute projects, such as recordings and concerts. It bore similarities to other artist payment platforms as ArtistShare, Kickstarter, Indiegogo, Patreon, RocketHub and Sellaband.

The company announced it was facing bankruptcy in May 2019, after a year of artists reporting slow payment problems. The company was granted permission to wind up on 19 August 2019.
Lothar Nordheim
Lothar Wolfgang Nordheim (November 7, 1899 – October 5, 1985) was a German–American theoretical physicist. He was a pioneer in the applications of quantum mechanics to solid-state problems, such as thermionic emission, work function of metals, field electron emission, rectification in metal-semiconductor contacts and electrical resistance in metals and alloys. He also worked in the mathematical foundations of quantum mechanics, cosmic rays and in nuclear physics.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Susan Hall (artist)
Susan Hall (born 1943) is an American artist.  Hall was born in Point Reyes Station, California. She attended the California College of Arts and Crafts and the University of California, Berkeley.

Hall’s  work was included in the 1971 exhibition Twenty Six Contemporary Women Artists held at The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum and the 2022 exhibition 52 Artists: A Feminist Milestone also at the Aldrich. Her work is included in the collections of the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Brooklyn Museum.

The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum
The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum is located in Ridgefield, Connecticut. The Aldrich has no permanent collection and is the only museum in Connecticut that is dedicated solely to the exhibition of contemporary art. The museum presents the first solo museum exhibitions by emerging artists, significant exhibitions of established and mid-career artists whose work is under recognized, thematic group exhibitions exploring topics in contemporary art and society, and newly commissioned work.
Hama (company)
Hama GmbH & Co KG is a German distributor of  consumer electronics specialising in accessories. The company acts as a distributor of various product ranges in photo, video, audio, multimedia, computer and telecommunications. 
Hama employs around 2,500 people worldwide, 1,500 employees work at the headquarters in Monheim, Bavaria, Germany. Hama is represented by 17 subsidiaries and numerous commercial agencies in Europe and beyond.

Among the products Hama manufacture are:

Filters

Tripods

Memory cards

Camera bags

Headphones

Flash and studio accessories

AV cables (coaxial and SCART)

along with various computer accessories including peripherals and USB, FireWire, and Ethernet cables and other miscellaneous items.

Peripheral
A peripheral  device, or simply peripheral, is an auxiliary hardware device that a computer uses to transfer information externally. A peripheral is a hardware component that is accessible to and controlled by a computer but is not a core component of the computer. It can communicate with a computer through wired or wireless connections. Many modern electronic devices, such as Internet-enabled digital watches, video game consoles, smartphones, and tablet computers, have interfaces for use as a peripheral.

Mouses and keyboards became the standard for computer peripheral input devices in the 1970s, while memory storage devices continued to be developed in new ways. Output devices, such as monitors, began as cathode rays, before switching to LCD monitors in the 1980s.
Sadashivrao Dadoba Mandlik
Sadashivrao Dadoba Mandlik (7 October 1934 – 10 March 2015) was a member of the 15th Lok Sabha of India from Kolhapur. He was a member of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) political party.

He served as a member of the 12th Lok Sabha, 13th Lok Sabha and 14th Lok Sabha. He also won the Kagal constituency three times in Maharashtra Legislative Assembly elections during 1985, 1990 and 1995.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Fergusonia
Fergusonia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus contains only one species, viz. Fergusonia zeylanica, which is only found in southern India and western Sri Lanka.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Soorma (soundtrack)
Soorma is the soundtrack to the 2018 film of the same name directed by Shaad Ali and produced by Sony Pictures Networks Productions and C. S. Films, starring Diljit Dosanjh and Taapsee Pannu. The film's musical score is composed by Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy with lyrics written by Gulzar and was released under the Sony Music India label on 11 June 2018 to positive critical response.

Sony Pictures Networks
Culver Max Entertainment Pvt. Ltd., trading as Sony Pictures Networks India (SPN or SPNI), is an Indian media conglomerate owned by Sony Pictures Television.

SPN manages and operates 26 television channels, the streaming media platform SonyLIV, as well as the television studio Studio NEXT and film studio Sony Pictures Networks Productions.
August Volz
August Franz Leberecht Volz (Latvian: Augusts Francs Folcs; 27 February 1851 – 20 June 1926) was a German sculptor. Born in Magdeburg, Volz worked mainly in Riga, the present-day capital of Latvia. The workshop of Volz received prestigious commissions in Riga from its opening in 1876 and created several of the most well-known sculptures of the city, for example the Roland statue and sculptures decorating the House of the Blackheads. The firm of Volz was also responsible for the complete or partial decoration of a number of important public buildings in the city.

Roland (statue)
A Roland statue is a statue of a knight with a drawn sword, signifying the town privileges of a medieval city. Such statues exist in a number of cities notably in northern and eastern Germany, where they are often placed on the market square or in front of the city hall. Examples are also known from Central Europe, Croatia and Latvia, and there are copies in Brazil and the United States. Statues of the mythological Roland, who enjoyed the status as a popular hero, were erected in cities during the Middle Ages as an emblem of the freedom and city rights of a town. In Germany, such a town is sometimes known as a Roland town (German: Rolandstadt). Philippe Dollinger notes that although there are several Roland statues in the Baltic Sea area, there is nothing specifically Hanseatic about them. Rather, Roland statues are known mainly from cities that used Saxon Law.
Confluence Outdoor
Pelican International USA Inc. (formerly known as Confluence Outdoor and Confluence Watersports) is an American manufacturer of kayaks, canoes, and related accessories. The company comprises seven separate brands which each specialize in paddling sport boats or accessories.

On May 12, 2025, it was one of the assets acquired by a group of investors who expressed interest after its parent company filed for bankruptcy in the USA and Canada. Following this, Confluence Outdoor merged its operations with Pelican International, creating a new entity called Pelican International USA, Inc.

Canoe
A canoe is a lightweight, narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using paddles.

In British English, the term canoe can also refer to a kayak, whereas canoes are then called Canadian or open canoes to distinguish them from kayaks. However, for official competition purposes, the American distinction between a kayak and a canoe is almost always adopted. At the Olympics, both conventions are used: under the umbrella terms Canoe Slalom and Canoe Sprint, there are separate events for canoes and kayaks.
Polyporus leprieurii
Polyporus leprieurii is a species of poroid fungus in the genus Polyporus. It was first described scientifically by French mycologist Camille Montagne.

It is found in tropical to subtropical areas of America and Eastern Asia, where it grows on dead hardwood that is lying on the ground, or on hanging branches.

Hardwood
Hardwood is wood from angiosperm trees. These are usually found in broad-leaved temperate and tropical forests. In temperate and boreal latitudes they are mostly deciduous, but in tropics and subtropics mostly evergreen. Hardwood (which comes from angiosperm trees) contrasts with softwood (which is from gymnosperm trees).