hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Standard (metrology)
In metrology (the science of measurement), a standard (or etalon) is an object, system, or experiment that bears a defined relationship to a unit of measurement of a physical quantity. Standards are the fundamental reference for a system of weights and measures, against which all other measuring devices are compared. Historical standards for length, volume, and mass were defined by many different authorities, which resulted in confusion and inaccuracy of measurements. Modern measurements are defined in relationship to internationally standardized reference objects, which are used under carefully controlled laboratory conditions to define the units of length, mass, electrical potential, and other physical quantities.

System of units of measurement
A system of units of measurement, also known as a system of units or system of measurement, is a collection of units of measurement and rules relating them to each other. Systems of measurement have historically been important, regulated and defined for the purposes of science and commerce. Instances in use include the International System of Units or SI (the modern form of the metric system), the British imperial system, and the United States customary system.
Michal Ivan
Michal Ivan (born 18 November 1999) is a Slovak professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for HC Bílí Tygři Liberec of the Czech Extraliga (ELH).

Ivan played major junior hockey in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League for the Acadie–Bathurst Titan and the Drummondville Voltigeurs. In returning to the Czech Republic, Ivan signed with HC Dynamo Pardubice on 21 June 2019. He originally made his professional debut with HKM Zvolen in the 2016-17 Slovak Extraliga season.

Drummondville Voltigeurs
The Drummondville Voltigeurs are a Canadian junior ice hockey team of the Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). The franchise was originally granted for the 1982–83 season, and is based in Drummondville, Quebec, playing its home games at the Centre Marcel Dionne. The team won the QMJHL's President's Cup in 2009 and 2024.
2020 Yukon Party leadership election
The 2020 Yukon Party leadership election took place on May 23, 2020, to elect a leader to replace Darrell Pasloski, who resigned on November 7, 2016 after the 2016 Yukon general election, which resulted in the party's majority government being defeated and Pasloski losing re-election in Mountainview. Currie Dixon was elected after two ballots with a record turnout of 96% of registered Yukon Party voters.

Scott Kent
Scott Kent is a Canadian politician, who was elected to in the Yukon Legislative Assembly in the 2000, 2011, 2016, 2021 and 2025 Yukon elections . He currently represents the Whitehorse electoral district of Copperbelt South as a member of the Yukon Party caucus.
Pleasant Valley Draw
Pleasant Valley Draw is a stream, in the lower end of Pleasant Valley, that has its source and has its mouth in Juab County, Utah. The source of Pleasant Valley Draw is located at an elevation of 5,710 feet (1,740 meters) at 39°38′27″N 114°01′06″W﻿ / ﻿39.64083°N 114.01833°W﻿ / 39.64083; -114.01833. Its mouth is found at an elevation of 5,236 feet (1,596 meters) lower in Pleasant Valley, in Utah.

Juab County, Utah
Juab County (/ˈdʒuːæb/ JOO-ab) is a county in western Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 11,786. Its county seat and largest city is Nephi. Juab County is part of the Provo–Orem, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Salt Lake City–Provo–Orem, Utah Combined Statistical Area.
Chicksands
Chicksands is a village in the civil parish of Campton and Chicksands in the Central Bedfordshire district of Bedfordshire, England. It gives its name to MOD Chicksands, a military base which was developed from the 1930s on the Chicksands Priory estate. The village is on the River Flit and lies immediately west of the town of Shefford. At the 2021 census the Chicksands built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which excludes part of the MOD Chicksands base) had a population of 731. The wider parish of Campton and Chicksands, which also includes the village of Campton, had a population of 1,895.

Office for National Statistics
The Office for National Statistics (ONS; Welsh: Swyddfa Ystadegau Gwladol) is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority, a non-ministerial department which reports directly to the UK Parliament.
Miracle (Chvrches song)
"Miracle" is a song recorded by Scottish synthpop band Chvrches. Written and produced by the band and Steve Mac, it was released by Glassnote Records on 10 April 2018, as the fourth single from the band's third studio album, Love Is Dead (2018).

Steve Mac
Steve McCutcheon (born 15 January 1972), known professionally as Steve Mac, is a British record producer, songwriter and musician. A multi-award-winning producer, he is one of the most prolific songwriters and record producers in modern British music, with contributions to 30 number one singles in the UK Singles Chart.
The Last Horror Movie
The Last Horror Movie is a 2003 British found footage horror film directed by Julian Richards. On 24 August 2003, it premiered at the London FrightFest Film Festival and stars Kevin Howarth and Mark Stevenson. The Last Horror Movie was released onto DVD through Fangoria's Gore Zone label on 7 December 2004.

Buenos Aires Rojo Sangre
Buenos Aires Rojo Sangre (BARS) is an international film festival devoted to the genres of science fiction, horror and fantasy. It began in 2000 with a focus on independent films in those genres, and since 2004 in the form of a competitive festival. Buenos Aires Rojo Sangre is well attended with over 200 films shown and 12,000 public and industry admissions each year. BARS is declared of national interest by the National Institute of Cinema and Audiovisual Arts, sponsored by the Film Museum of the City of Buenos Aires and declared of cultural interest by the legislature of the autonomous city of Buenos Aires.
Souapiti Hydropower Station
The Souapiti Hydropower Station (Chinese: 苏阿皮蒂水电站), also known as Souapiti Hydropower Project or Souapiti Hydropower Plant, is a water conservancy project in the Republic of Guinea, located on the Konkoure River, with a total installed capacity of 550 MW. This project was constructed by China International Water & Electric Corporation (CWE). The generating station is expected to cost about $2 billion.

Nameplate capacity
Nameplate capacity, also known as the rated capacity, nominal capacity, installed capacity, maximum effect or gross capacity, is the intended  full-load sustained output of a facility such as a power station, electric generator, a chemical plant, fuel plant, mine, metal refinery, and many others.   Nameplate capacity is the theoretical output registered with authorities for classifying the unit. For intermittent power sources, such as wind and solar, nameplate power is the source's output under ideal conditions, such as maximum  usable wind or high sun on a clear summer day.

Capacity factor measures the ratio of actual output over an extended period to nameplate capacity. Power plants with an output consistently near their nameplate capacity have a high capacity factor.

For electric power stations, the power output is expressed in megawatt electrical (MWe). For fuel plants, it is the refinery capacity in barrels per day.
Ratchadamri BTS station
Ratchadamri station (Thai: สถานีราชดำริ, pronounced [sā.tʰǎː.nīː râːt.t͡ɕʰā.dām.rìʔ]) is a BTS skytrain station, on the Silom line in Pathum Wan District, Bangkok, Thailand. The station is on Ratchadamri Road between Ratchaprasong intersection and Lumphini Park, amid condominiums, office towers, hotels, and the Royal Bangkok Sports Club racetrack. There is a skyway from the station concourse to St Regis hotel.

Royal Bangkok Sports Club
The Royal Bangkok Sports Club (RBSC, Thai: ราชกรีฑาสโมสร) is an exclusive sports club in Bangkok, Thailand, best known to the public for its horse racing venue. Founded in 1901, it was the first racecourse in the country and one of the oldest golf courses. Originally serving Western expatriates and Thai aristocrats, the club was at the centre of development in the introduction of modern sport to the country during the early 20th century. The club has since maintained its exclusivity, and has a reputation as a domain of high society.
Victor von Bruns
Victor von Bruns (9 August 1812 – 19 March 1883) was a German surgeon born in Helmstedt.

He studied at Braunschweig, Tübingen, Halle and Berlin, and from 1843 to 1882 was a professor of surgery at the University of Tübingen. His son, Paul von Bruns (1846-1916) was also a professor of surgery at Tübingen. In 1872 he was a founding member of the German Society of Surgery.

Bruns was a leading authority in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery, particularly known for his work in lip and cheek reconstruction. He is also known for his pioneer work in laryngology, and was among the first to perform operations for laryngeal polyps and tumors.

Bruns popularized usage of absorbent cotton wool dressings, which later became a standard practice in modern antiseptic treatment of wounds.

He died in Tübingen.

Antiseptic
An antiseptic (Greek: ἀντί, romanized: anti, lit. 'against' and σηπτικός, sēptikos, 'putrefactive') is an antimicrobial substance or compound that is applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of sepsis, infection, or putrefaction. Antiseptics are generally distinguished from antibiotics by the latter's ability to safely destroy bacteria within the body, and from disinfectants, which destroy microorganisms found on non-living objects.

Antibacterials include antiseptics that have the proven ability to act against bacteria. Microbicides which destroy virus particles are called viricides or antivirals. Antifungals, also known as antimycotics, are pharmaceutical fungicides used to treat and prevent mycosis (fungal infection).
Nijat Abasov
Nijat Azad oglu Abasov (Azerbaijani: Nicat Azad oğlu Abasov; born 14 May 1995) is an Azerbaijani chess grandmaster. In September 2023, he reached his all-time-highest rating of 2679 and in October 2023 was ranked No. 53 in the world.

FIDE rankings
The International Chess Federation (FIDE) governs international chess competition. Each month, FIDE publishes rating lists including "Top 100 Players", "Top 100 Women", "Top 100 Juniors", "Top 100 Girls", and national rankings based on the average rating of each country's top 10 players and top 10 female players in classical chess. Ratings are calculated using the Elo rating system.
ERG4
ERG4 or Delta(24(24(1)))-sterol reductase or Delta(24(28))-sterol reductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the last step of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway in fungi Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast), which 5,7,22,24(28)-ergostatetraenol converted into ergosterol.

Ergosterol
Ergosterol (ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol) is a mycosterol found in cell membranes of fungi and protozoa, serving many of the same functions that cholesterol serves in animal cells. Because many fungi and protozoa cannot survive without ergosterol, the enzymes that synthesize it have become important targets for drug discovery. In human nutrition, ergosterol is a provitamin form of vitamin D2; exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light causes a chemical reaction that produces vitamin D2.
Athletics at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's long jump
The men's long jump event of the athletics events at the 2011 Pan American Games was held  between the 24 and 25 of October at the Telmex Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Irving Saladino of the Panama.

On November 9, 2011 the winner Victor Castillo of Venezuela was disqualified after testing positive for methylhexaneamine.

Víctor Castillo
Víctor Manuel Castillo Petit (born 8 June 1981) is a Venezuelan track and field athlete who specialises in the long jump. His personal best jump is 8.34 metres,  a Venezuelan record achieved in May 2004 in Cochabamba.

He won the South American junior title in 2000 and rose to become the South American Champion in 2003 on home soil. At the 2003 Pan American Games, he took the bronze medal. Castillo appeared at the World Championships in Athletics that year and later represented his country at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Won the long jump title at the Bolivarian Games. He was the bronze medallist at the 2011 Military World Games then participated at the 2011 Pan American Games.

Tested positive for banned substance Dimetilexaniamine in 2011, the substance found in his test was fearly new added to the WADA list, he took from a pre-workout supplement doping suspension.
Ian Hacking
Ian MacDougall Hacking CC FRSC FBA (February 18, 1936 – May 10, 2023) was a Canadian philosopher specializing in the philosophy of science. Throughout his career, he won numerous awards, such as the Killam Prize for the Humanities and the Balzan Prize, and was a member of many prestigious groups, including the Order of Canada, the Royal Society of Canada and the British Academy.

Royal Society of Canada
The Royal Society of Canada (RSC; French: Société royale du Canada, SRC), also known as the Academies of Arts, Humanities, and Sciences of Canada (French: Académies des arts, des lettres et des sciences du Canada), is the senior national, bilingual council of distinguished Canadian scholars, humanists, scientists, and artists in Canada.

As Canada's national academy, the RSC exists to promote Canadian research and scholarly accomplishment in both of Canada's official languages; advise governments, non-governmental organizations, and Canadians generally on matters of public interest; recognize academic and artistic excellence; and mentor young scholars and artists.
2022 ATP Lyon Open
The 2022 ATP Lyon Open (also known as the Open Parc Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Lyon) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 5th edition of the Lyon Open and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It took place in the city of Lyon, France, from 15 May through 21 May 2022. First-seeded Cameron Norrie won the singles title.

Artem Sitak
Artem Yurievich Sitak (/ˈɑːrtəm ˈsɪtæk/ ART-əm SIT-ak; Russian: Артём Юрьевич Ситак, romanized: Artyom Sitak; born 8 February 1986) is a Russian-born New Zealand former professional tennis player. On 11 August 2008, he reached his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 299, whilst his highest doubles ranking of World No. 32 was reached on 10 September 2018, after the US Open. He is the younger brother of Dmitri Sitak, who was also a professional tennis player.
Leung Yuk Wing
Leung Yuk-wing (Chinese: 梁育榮; born 13 December 1984) is a Hong Kong boccia player. He first competed for Hong Kong at the Summer Paralympics in 2004. As of the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, Leung has three gold medals, two silver medals, and one bronze medal.

Boccia
Boccia (/ˈbɒtʃə/ BOTCH-ə) is a precision ball sport, similar to bocce, and related to bowls and pétanque. The name "boccia" is derived from the Latin word for "boss" – bottia. The sport is contested at local, national and international levels by athletes with severe physical disabilities.  It was originally designed to be played by people with cerebral palsy but now includes athletes with other severe disabilities affecting motor skills.  In 1984, it became a Paralympic sport and as of 2020, 75 boccia national organizations have joined one or more of the international organizations. Boccia is governed by the Boccia International Sports Federation (BISFed) and is one of two Paralympic sports (along with goalball) that have no counterpart in the Olympic program, although it is a Paralympic variant of bocce (boules).
Tipperary Venue
The Tipperary Venue was a proposed super casino development on a projected 325 hectares (800 acres) site adjacent to the M8 motorway at Two-Mile Borris, County Tipperary in Ireland. As originally planned, the project proposed the building of an all-weather racecourse and greyhound tracks, equestrian centre, 500 room hotel, eighteen hole golf course, 15,000 capacity "underground entertainment" venue, heliport, a replica of the White House and a "Las Vegas Strip-style" casino.

While, as of 2015, the project's developers were reportedly "continuing to purchase land and properties in order to develop a casino", as of 2017 it was reported that Ireland's gambling legislation did not support the proposed development. The planning permission for the proposed project expired in 2018.

Las Vegas Strip
The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada, that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip, as it is known, is about 4.2 mi (6.8 km) long, and is immediately south of the Las Vegas city limits in the unincorporated towns of Paradise and Winchester, but is often referred to simply as "Las Vegas".

Many of the largest hotel casino and resort properties in the world are on the Strip. Its hotels, casinos, restaurants, residential high-rises, entertainment offerings, and skyline have established the Strip as one of the most popular and iconic tourist destinations in the world and is one of the driving forces for Las Vegas's economy. Most of the Strip has been designated as an All-American Road, and the North and South Las Vegas Strip routes are classified as Nevada Scenic Byways and National Scenic Byways.
Alexa O'Brien
Alexa O'Brien is an American investigative researcher, journalist, analyst, and activist who focuses on intelligence and national security. She extensively documented Chelsea Manning's court-martial, and has researched and reported on topics including WikiLeaks' leak of United States diplomatic cables and Guantanamo Bay files, the war on terror, and the Arab Spring.

United States diplomatic cables leak
An incident, commonly referred to as Cablegate, began on 28 November 2010 when WikiLeaks began releasing classified cables that had been sent to the U.S. State Department by 274 of its consulates, embassies, and diplomatic missions around the world. Dated between December 1966 and February 2010, the cables contain diplomatic analysis from world leaders, and the diplomats' assessment of host countries and their officials.

On 30 July 2013, Chelsea Manning was convicted for theft of the cables and violations of the Espionage Act in a court martial proceeding and sentenced to thirty-five years imprisonment. She was released on 17 May 2017, after seven years total confinement, after her sentence had been commuted by President Barack Obama earlier that year.
GNU Affero General Public License
The GNU Affero General Public License (GNU AGPL) is a free copyleft license published by the Free Software Foundation in November 2007, based on the GNU GPL version 3 and the Affero General Public License (non-GNU).

It is intended for software designed to be run over a network, adding a provision requiring that the corresponding source code of modified versions of the software be prominently offered to all users who interact with the software over a network.

The Open Source Initiative approved the GNU AGPLv3 as an open source license in March 2008 after the company Funambol submitted it for consideration through its CEO Fabrizio Capobianco.

Free software movement
The free software movement is a social movement with the goal of obtaining and guaranteeing certain freedoms for software users, namely the freedoms to run, study, modify, and share copies of software. Software which meets these requirements, The Four Essential Freedoms of Free Software, is termed free software.

Although drawing on traditions and philosophies among members of the 1970s hacker culture and academia, Richard Stallman formally founded the movement in 1983 by launching the GNU Project. Stallman later established the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to support the movement.
Deighton Butler
Deighton Calvin Butler (born 14 July 1974) is a West Indies international cricket player and umpire who played five One-day International matches and one Twenty20 international in 2005 and 2006.

Butler has played for Windward Islands from 2000 to 2010 and was primarily a left-arm fast-medium swing bowler. He first played for West Indies in the Indian Oil Cup competition in Sri Lanka in 2005, taking three wickets in three matches. He was later picked for the ODI side in New Zealand in 2006, playing in two matches but failing to take a wicket. He is a useful lower-order batsman.

He played league cricket for Linthwaite in the Drakes Huddersfield Cricket League in England.

He is now an umpire and stood in matches in the 2016–17 Regional Super50 tournament in the West Indies.

Umpire (cricket)
In cricket, an umpire (from the Old French nompere meaning not a peer, that is, not a  member of one of the teams, impartial) is a person who has the authority to make decisions about events on the cricket field according to the Laws of Cricket. Besides making decisions about legality of delivery, appeals for wickets and general conduct of the game in a legal manner, the umpire also keeps a record of the deliveries and announces the completion of an over.

The umpires in cricket are not to be confused with the referee who usually presides only over international matches and makes no decisions affecting the outcome of the game.
John Blanchard
John Blanchard is a Canadian television director and producer.

He is best known for his directorial work on the sketch comedy series SCTV, The Kids in the Hall, CODCO, MADtv and the talk show The Martin Short Show for which he won a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing in a Talk Show.

He also directed episodes of the sitcoms Grounded for Life, Wanda at Large, Cavemen, and Unhitched, as well as a number of television films, one of his notable films being The Last Polka (1985) starring John Candy and Eugene Levy. He also directed the direct-to-video horror comedy Shriek If You Know What I Did Last Friday the Thirteenth.

Unhitched
Unhitched (previously known as The Rules for Starting Over) is an American sitcom that aired as a mid-season replacement on Fox from March 2 to 30, 2008. The series was originally scheduled to premiere at 9:30 p.m. ET, but aired 30 minutes later due to the runover of NASCAR. The show was created by Mike Bernier and Chris Pappas. Bobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly and Mike Sikowitz served as executive producers alongside Brad Johnson and Bradley Thomas, with Katy McCaffrey producing. The pilot was directed by Bobby and Peter Farrelly. The show revolved around a group of newly single friends learning the lessons of starting over in their 30s.

On May 5, 2008, Fox cancelled the series after one season.
Ives Head Formation
The Ives Head Formation is a geologic formation in Leicestershire, England. It forms part of the Blackbrook Group within the Charnwood Forest succession. The unit preserves rocks of Lower Ediacaran age and is named after the locality of Ives Head.

Ives Head
Ives Head is a 5 hectares (12 acres) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest south of Shepshed in Leicestershire. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

This site exposes volcaniclastic sandstones dating to the late Precambrian, around 600 million years ago. It is important for the global understanding of the early evolution of Ediacaran environments.

The site is private land with no public access.
State Highway 22 (Madhya Pradesh)
Madhya Pradesh State Highway 22 (MP SH 22) is a 600+ Kms(372.9+ mi) long State Highway running from Bhoolpur Chowk near Khategaon till Amarkantak. It is popularly known as Jabalpur Road.

It passes through Hoshangabad, Jabalpur the cultural capital of Madhya Pradesh till the Madhya Pradesh-Chhattisgarh Border via Nasrullaganj, Sohagpur, Pipariya, Gadarwara, Narsinghpur, Gotegaon, Shahpura, Jabalpur, Dindori and Bhoolganj.

Hoshangabad
Hoshangabad (Hindi: IPA: [ɦoːʃə̃ŋɡɑːbɑːd]), officially Narmadapuram ([nəɾmədɑːəpʊɾəm]), is a city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It serves as the headquarters of both Hoshangabad district and Narmadapuram division. It is located in central India, on the south bank of the Narmada River. Hoshangabad is 76.7 km (47.7 mi) from the capital of Madhya Pradesh and the nearest airport Bhopal.