hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Printing and Kindred Industries Union
The Printing and Kindred Industries Union (PKIU) was an Australian trade union which existed between 1966 and 1995. It represented production workers in the printing industry, including compositing, typesetting, letterpress printing, lithographic plate-making, electrotyping, stereotyping and bookbinding, and the manufacture of paper and cardboard products, such as paper bags, envelopes, cardboard boxes and cartons. Approximately half of all members were qualified tradespeople, with the remainder semi-skilled or unskilled workers.

As in many other printing trade unions, the union members in each workplace were known as the 'Chapel', and the senior union delegate as the 'Father of the Chapel', while other elected officials were referred to as 'brothers'.

Printing
Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of printing evolved from ink rubbings made on paper or cloth from texts on stone tablets, used during the sixth century. Printing by pressing an inked image onto paper (using woodblock printing) appeared later that century. Later developments in printing technology include the movable type invented by Bi Sheng around 1040 and the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. The technology of printing played a key role in the development of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses.
Monumental (album)
Monumental is a collaborative studio album by American rapper and record producer Pete Rock and hip hop duo Smif-N-Wessun. It was released on June 28, 2011, through Duck Down Music. The recording sessions took place at DaMan Studios in New York. The album was produced by Pete Rock, who also served as executive producer together with Steele and Tek. It features guest appearances from Black Rob, Buckshot, Bun B, Freeway, Heltah Skeltah, Hurricane G, Jahdan Blakkamoore, Memphis Bleek, Raekwon, Styles P, Top Dog, and Tyler Woods. The album peaked at number 110 on the Billboard 200 and number 24 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.

Heltah Skeltah
Heltah Skeltah was an American hip hop duo which consisted of rappers Jahmal "Rock" Bush and Sean "Ruck" Price. The two were also members of New York supergroup Boot Camp Clik, along with Buckshot, Smif-N-Wessun and O.G.C.
Spy Story (novel)
Spy Story is a 1974 spy novel by Len Deighton, which features minor characters from his earlier novels The IPCRESS File, Funeral in Berlin, Horse Under Water, and Billion Dollar Brain.

In common with several of his other early novels, the chapter headings have a "feature". In Spy Story these take the form of excerpts from the fictional Studies Centre's rules.

Spy fiction
Spy fiction is a genre of literature involving espionage as an important context or plot device. It emerged in the early twentieth century, inspired by rivalries and intrigues between the major powers, and the establishment of modern intelligence agencies. It was given new impetus by the development of communism and fascism in the lead-up to World War II, continued to develop during the Cold War, and received a fresh impetus from the emergence of rogue states, international criminal organizations, global terrorist networks, maritime piracy and technological sabotage and espionage as potent threats to Western societies.  As a genre, spy fiction is thematically related to the novel of adventure (The Prisoner of Zenda, 1894, The Scarlet Pimpernel, 1905), the thriller (such as the works of Edgar Wallace) and the politico-military thriller (The Schirmer Inheritance, 1953, The Quiet American, 1955).
Spectroheliograph
The spectroheliograph is an instrument used in astronomy which captures a photographic image of the Sun at a single wavelength of light, a monochromatic image. The wavelength is usually chosen to coincide with a spectral wavelength of one of the chemical elements present in the Sun.

It was developed independently by George Ellery Hale and Henri-Alexandre Deslandres in the 1890s and further refined in 1932 by Robert R. McMath to take motion pictures.

The instrument comprises a prism or diffraction grating and a narrow slit that passes a single wavelength (a monochromator). The light is focused onto a photographic medium and the slit is moved across the disk of the Sun to form a complete image.

It is now possible to make a filter that transmits a narrow band of wavelengths which produces a similar image, but spectroheliographs remain in use.

Hydrogen-alpha
Hydrogen-alpha, typically shortened to H-alpha or Hα, is a deep-red visible spectral line of the hydrogen atom  with a wavelength of 656.28 nm in air and 656.46 nm in vacuum. It is the first spectral line in the Balmer series and is emitted when an electron falls from a hydrogen atom's third- to second-lowest energy level. H-alpha has applications in astronomy where its emission can be observed from emission nebulae and from features in the Sun's atmosphere, including solar prominences and the chromosphere.
Mehdi Meriah
Mehdi Meriah (born 5 June 1979) is a retired Tunisian football (soccer) player who played as a left back or a midfielder.

He was called up to the Tunisian national team to participate in the 2006 World Cup but after he sustained an injury in the week leading up to the tournament was replaced by Haykel Guemamdia.

Injury
Injury is physiological damage to the living tissue of any organism, whether in humans, in other animals, or in plants.

Injuries can be caused in many ways, including mechanically with penetration by sharp objects such as teeth or with blunt objects, by heat or cold, or by venoms and biotoxins. Injury prompts an inflammatory response in many taxa of animals; this prompts wound healing. In both plants and animals, substances are often released to help to occlude the wound, limiting loss of fluids and the entry of pathogens such as bacteria. Many organisms secrete antimicrobial chemicals which limit wound infection; in addition, animals have a variety of immune responses for the same purpose. Both plants and animals have regrowth mechanisms which may result in complete or partial healing over the injury. Cells too can repair damage to a certain degree.
Outsider (Sid album)
Outsider is the eighth studio album by Japanese visual kei rock band SID, released on March 12, 2014, by Ki/oon Records. The singles included are "V.I.P", "Anniversary", opening themes of Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic, "Koi ni Ochite" (恋におちて), "Sa-Ma-La-Va" (サマラバ) and "Hug".

Kioon Music
Kioon Music (キューンミュージック, Kyūn Myūjikku; stylized as Ki/oon Music) is a Japanese record label owned by Sony Music Labels Inc., a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Japan.

Founded in 1992 as Kioon Sony Records, the label was renamed to Kioon Records in 1998. In 2001, Kioon Records Inc. was founded as a subsidiary of Sony Japan. In 2012, the company was rebranded as Kioon Music. In 2014, Sony Music Records Inc. absorbed Kioon Music alongside other Sony Japan subsidiaries, changing its name to Sony Music Labels. Since the absorption, Kioon Music has operated as an imprint of Sony Music Labels.
Great Esker Park
Great Esker Park is located in Weymouth, Massachusetts.  The park mostly consists of a geological formation known as a winding ridge of stratified sand and gravel formed by a glacier 12,000 years ago. It is located along the Weymouth Back River, across from Bare Cove Park in Hingham, Massachusetts.

The park features the highest esker in North America (90 ft), reversing falls, salt marshes, six miles (10 km) of trails, a playground and picnic area. Bird watching is a popular activity as osprey, great blue heron, red-tailed hawks, owls, and other species of birds are abundant seasonally. There are man-made shelters on the river where Osprey nest in the spring and summer months.

In the summer months the park is used by Wey-Rec for children's programs.

Hingham, Massachusetts
Hingham (/ˈhɪŋəm/ HING-əm) is a town in northern Plymouth County in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Part of the Greater Boston region, it is located on the South Shore of Massachusetts. At the 2020 census, the population was 24,284. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Hingham is known for its colonial history and location on Boston Harbor. The town was named after Hingham, Norfolk, England, and was first settled by English colonists in 1633.
Sakuma Rail Park
The Sakuma Rail Park (佐久間レールパーク, Sakuma Rēru Pāku) was an open-air railway museum located next to Chūbu-Tenryū Station on the Iida Line in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan. It was operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central), and was opened on 21 April 1991. The museum closed on 1 November 2009 in preparation for the move to a new SCMaglev and Railway Park in Nagoya in 2011.

Hamamatsu
Hamamatsu (浜松市, Hamamatsu-shi) is a city located in western Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. In September 2023, the city had an estimated population of 780,128 in 340,591 households, making it the prefecture's largest city, with a population density of 500/km2 (1,300/sq mi) over the total urban area of 1,558.06 km2 (601.57 sq mi). The city ranked first in the happiness index of Japan's government-designated cities, published by the Japan Research Institute, in both 2018 and 2022.
Laforêt
Laforêt (French pronunciation: [lafɔʁɛ]; Walloon: La Foret) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Vresse-sur-Semois, located in the province of Namur, Belgium, and is close to the French border.

It was a municipality itself until 1965 when it merged with the municipality of Vresse. In the fusion of the municipalities in 1977, it became part of the Vresse-sur-Semois municipality.

It is one of the villages in the organisation Les Plus Beaux Villages de Wallonie.

Namur Province
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a province of Wallonia, one of the three regions of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the West) on the Walloon provinces of Hainaut, Walloon Brabant, Liège and Luxembourg in Belgium, and the French department of Ardennes. Its capital and largest city is the city of Namur. As of January 2024, the province of Namur has a population of about 0.5 million.
FCSB Training Centre
FCSB Training Center , also known as FCSB Training Center is a sports complex in Bucharest, Romania. It is currently used only for football matches, is the home ground of FCSB II and FCSB Academy and also used by FCSB for trainings. The football complex was built by George Becali (owner of FCSB) on the place of the former FCSB Concrete Plant, after his club was kicked out from Steaua Stadium and Ghencea Sports Complex due to the conflict with Ministry of National Defence and CSA Steaua București. The football complex has 4 grounds (3 with a grass pitch and 1 with an artificial turf) and holds 1,000 people.

Ministry of National Defence (Romania)
The Ministry of National Defence (Romanian: Ministerul Apărării Naționale — MApN) is one of the eighteen ministries of the Government of Romania.

The current acting Minister of National Defence is Radu-Dinel Miruță.
Tom Sokoloski
Tom Sokoloski (birth date unknown) is an American former professional stock car racing driver and crew chief who competed in the ARCA Bondo/Mar-Hyde Series for two races in 1996 and 2001, scoring a best finish of 30th at Pocono Raceway in the former year. He also served as the crew chief for Tim Steele in the same series, where the two won three championships together between 1993 and 1997. After 2002, Sokoloski went on to serve as a crew chief for ML Motorsports.

ML Motorsports
ML Motorsports was an American professional stock car racing team that last competed in the NASCAR Nationwide Series. It was owned jointly by Mary Louise Miller and her daughter, Stephanie Mullen, making it the first confirmed NASCAR team to be owned jointly by a mother and daughter team. The team fielded the No. 70 Chevrolet from 2006 to 2013.
Big Lake (Texas)
Big Lake is an intermittent dry lake located one-mile (1.6 km) south and southwest of the city of Big Lake in Reagan County, Texas.

Covering approximately 1,300 acres (530 ha), the playa lies in a floodplain and is fed primarily by Big Lake Draw and a number of other, unnamed smaller draws. Scrub brush, mesquite, juniper, grasses, and water-tolerant hardwoods grow around the lake.

Reagan County, Texas
Reagan County is a county on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,385. The county seat is Big Lake. The county is named after John Henninger Reagan (1818–1905), who was the postmaster general of the Confederate States and also a U.S. senator, U.S. representative, and first chairman of the Railroad Commission of Texas.
Ishimovo
Ishimovo (Russian: Ишимово) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Ishimovo, Ishimbaysky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Petrovsky Selsoviet of Ishimbaysky District in the Republic of Bashkortostan

Ishimovo, Mishkinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Baymurzinsky Selsoviet of Mishkinsky District in the Republic of Bashkortostan

Ishimovo, Mari El Republic, a village in Russko-Lyazhmarinsky Rural Okrug of Paranginsky District in the Mari El Republic; 56°50′N 49°29′E﻿ / ﻿56.833°N 49.483°E﻿ / 56.833; 49.483

Ishimovo, Bardymsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Bardymsky District of Perm Krai

Ishimovo, Oktyabrsky District, Perm Krai, a selo in Oktyabrsky District of Perm Krai

Ishimovo, Republic of Tatarstan, a village in Kamsko-Ustyinsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan

Kamsko-Ustyinsky District
Kamsko-Ustyinsky District (Russian: Камско-Устьинский райо́н; Tatar: Кама Тамагы районы) is a territorial administrative unit and municipality of the Republic of Tatarstan within the Russian Federation. The district is located in the west of the republic, on the right bank of the Volga River. The territory of the district includes 49 settlements which are organized into three urban and seventeen rural settlements. The district population was 14,747 in 2020. The administrative center of the district is the urban-type settlement Kamskoye Ustye.
Cassette 50
Cassette 50 (released in Spain as Galaxy 50 - 50 Excitantes Juegos) is a compilation of games published by Cascade Games  in 1983 for multiple 8-bit home computers. It was promoted based on the quantity of games included, all of which were programmed in BASIC and were of poor quality. According to the instructions, "the games will provide many hours of entertainment for all the family at a fraction of the cost of other computer games". The compilation was heavily advertised in home computer magazines. Buyers received a Timex digital calculator watch with each purchase.

In an interview, Matthew Lewis, the author of Galaxy Defence, said he wrote the game when he was 14 and submitted it in response to a small, anonymous ad in a local newspaper. He was paid £10 for his game, but he had to give up all rights to it. Galaxy Defence took 12 hours to code and the graphics were done by his father, Ernest Lewis.

Timex Group USA
Timex Group USA, Inc. (formerly known as Timex Corporation) is an American global watch manufacturing company founded in 1854 as the Waterbury Clock Company in Waterbury, Connecticut. In 1944, the company became insolvent but was reformed into Timex Corporation. In 2008, the company was acquired by Timex Group B.V. and was renamed Timex Group USA.

Thomas Olsen purchased the Waterbury Clock Company in New York in 1941 and renamed it Timex, a portmanteau of the names of Time magazine and Kleenex.
Manny Marc
Marc Schneider (born 1980), known professionally as Manny Marc, is a German rapper and DJ. He is the DJ of the South Berlin rap group Bass Crew, which consists of Frauenarzt, MC Basstard, and MC Bogy. In 1997, he founded the street gang Berlin Crime, with Frauenarzt, and in 1998 the independent label Bassboxxx. In 2006, he founded the label 'Ghetto Musik' with Frauenarzt.

Gang
A gang is a group or society of associates, friends, or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collectively, in illegal, and possibly violent, behavior, with such behavior often constituting a form of organized crime.
Come Clean (Puddle of Mudd album)
Come Clean is the second studio album and major label debut by the American rock band Puddle of Mudd. Released on August 28, 2001, the album's music was responsible for breaking Puddle of Mudd into the mainstream music scene. It features the singles "Control," "Blurry," "Drift & Die" and "She Hates Me". Various tracks were re-recorded from the band's previous releases, Stuck and Abrasive. The album was the band's biggest hit on the US Billboard 200, peaking at number nine.

The album has sold over 5,000,000 copies and was certified 3× Platinum by the RIAA.

Loudwire
Loudwire is an American online media magazine that covers news of hard rock and heavy metal artists. It is owned by media and entertainment business Townsquare Media. Since its launch in August 2011, Loudwire has secured exclusive interviews with high-profile artists such as Slipknot, Ozzy Osbourne, Metallica, Judas Priest, Guns N' Roses, Megadeth, Iron Maiden, Kiss, Mötley Crüe, Suicidal Tendencies and many others. Loudwire has also exclusively premiered new material from Judas Priest, Anthrax, Jane's Addiction, Stone Sour, Phil Anselmo, and many more of rock and metal's notable acts.

Loudwire Nights and Loudwire Weekend are Townsquare's nationally syndicated radio programs, airing on its rock stations throughout the country.

One of Loudwire's web series is Wikipedia: Fact or Fiction?.
Jim Speros
Jim Speros (born February 17, 1959) is an American businessman and former American football player and coach from Great Falls, Virginia, (Fairfax County), best known for his ownership of teams in the southern American expansion phase of the Canadian Football League and United Football League.

University of Richmond
The University of Richmond (UR or U of R) is a private liberal arts college in Richmond, Virginia, United States. It is a primarily undergraduate, residential institution with approximately 3,900 undergraduate and graduate students in five schools: the School of Arts and Sciences; the E. Claiborne Robins School of Business; the Jepson School of Leadership Studies; the University of Richmond School of Law; and the School of Professional & Continuing Studies. It is classified among "Baccalaureate Colleges: Arts & Sciences Focus".

The university's athletics teams are known as the "Richmond Spiders," after the university's distinctive mascot. A participant in the U.S. Navy's V-12 Navy College Training Program during World War II, Richmond commissions U.S. Army officers through its ROTC program, which is partnered with Hampden-Sydney College and Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia.
Nicholas Birns
Nicholas Birns (born May 30, 1965) is a scholar of literature, including fantasy and Australian literature. As a Tolkien scholar he has written on a variety of topics including "The Scouring of the Shire" and Tolkien's biblical sources. His analysis of the writings of Anthony Powell and Roberto Bolaño has been admired by scholars.

Roberto Bolaño
Roberto Bolaño Ávalos (Spanish: [roˈβeɾto βoˈlaɲo ˈaβalos] ⓘ; 28 April 1953 – 15 July 2003) was a Chilean novelist, short-story writer, poet and essayist. In 1999, Bolaño won the Rómulo Gallegos Prize for his novel The Savage Detectives, and in 2008 he was posthumously awarded the National Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction for his novel 2666, which was described by board member Marcela Valdes as a "work so rich and dazzling that it will surely draw readers and scholars for ages".

Bolaño's work is highly regarded by both writers and contemporary literary critics. The New York Times described him as "the most significant Latin American literary voice of his generation" and he has frequently been compared with Jorge Luis Borges and Julio Cortázar. His books have been translated into numerous languages, including English, French, German, Italian, Lithuanian, Hungarian, Dutch and Greek.
Multinational state
A multinational state or a multinational union is a sovereign entity that comprises two or more nations or states. This contrasts with a nation state, where a single nation accounts for the bulk of the population. Depending on the definition of "nation" (which touches on ethnicity, language, and political identity), a multinational state is usually multicultural or multilingual, and is geographically composed of more than one country, such as the countries of the United Kingdom.

Historical multinational states that have since split into multiple states include the Ottoman Empire, British India, Qing Empire, Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, the United Arab Republic and Austria-Hungary (a dual monarchy of two multinational states). Some analysts have described the European Union as a multinational state or a potential one.

United Arab Republic
The United Arab Republic (UAR; Arabic: الجمهورية العربية المتحدة, romanized: al-Jumhūriyya al-ʿArabiyya al-Muttaḥida) was a sovereign state in the Middle East from 1958 to 1971. It was initially a short-lived political union between Egypt (including Egyptian-governed Gaza) and Syria from 1958 until Syria seceded from the union following the 1961 Syrian coup d'état. Egypt continued to be known officially as the United Arab Republic until it was formally dissolved by Anwar Sadat in September 1971.

The republic was led by Gamal Abdel Nasser as the Egyptian president. The UAR was a member of the United Arab States, a loose confederation with the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen, which was dissolved in 1961. It was a brief pan-Arab union.
Long delayed echo
Long delayed echoes (LDEs) are radio echoes which return to the sender several seconds after a radio transmission has occurred. Delays of longer than 2.7 seconds are considered LDEs. LDEs are considered anomalous and have a number of proposed scientific origins.

Anomaly (natural sciences)
In the natural sciences, especially in atmospheric and Earth sciences involving applied statistics, an anomaly is a persisting deviation in a physical quantity from its expected value, e.g., the systematic difference between a measurement and a trend or a model prediction. 
Similarly, a standardized anomaly equals an anomaly divided by a standard deviation. 
A group of anomalies can be analyzed spatially, as a map, or temporally, as a time series.
It should not be confused for an isolated outlier.
There are examples in atmospheric sciences and in geophysics.
2008–09 A Group
The 2008–09 A Group was the 85th season of the Bulgarian national top football division, and the 61st of A Group as the top tier football league in the country. It began on 9 August 2008 and ended on 13 June 2009. CSKA Sofia were the defending champions, but they were unable to retain it and Levski Sofia won the title, which was their 26th overall.

PFC Vidima-Rakovski Sevlievo
PFC Vidima-Rakovski Sevlievo (Bulgarian: ПФК Видима-Раковски Севлиево) was a Bulgarian football club based in Sevlievo, which competed in various Bulgarian football leagues (ultimately the North-West V AFG, the third level of Bulgarian football) before dissolving in 2015.

The club was established on September 2, 1997, as Vidima-Rakovski. It was the successor to SC Rakovski, which was founded on December 19, 1922. Vidima-Rakovski played in the lower divisions of the Bulgarian football league system until 2003, when the club was promoted to the top division. The club's home ground was the Rakovski Stadium in Sevlievo, which has a capacity of 8,816 people. The club folded in 2015 after financial problems and was succeeded by Sevlievo.