hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdullah Malik
Abdullah Malik (10 October 1920 – 10 April 2003) was a Pakistani journalist, writer and political historian. While being an active member of communist party, he contributed to Pakistan movement as a journalist. He worked at various newspapers as a foreign correspondent such Daily Imroze and Pakistan Times of Progressive Papers Limited. He also wrote more than twenty-four books, most of which are focused on the history of Punjab and Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts.

The Pakistan Times
The Pakistan Times (1947–1996) was a Pakistani newspaper, established by Mian Itikharuddin and Faiz Ahmed Faiz through the leftist Progressive Papers Limited. Its headquarters was in Lahore, Pakistan. Later, it started another edition from Rawalpindi. The Rawalpindi edition was later shifted to Islamabad.
Justus Esiri
Justus Esiri listenⓘ (20 November 1942 – 19 February 2013) was a Nigerian actor, generally considered to be one of the pillars of Nollywood with an acting career that goes way back to the 1960s. He came into prominence for his role in the popular Nigerian Television Authority TV-series The Village Headmaster and the film adaptation of Chinua Achebe's book Things Fall Apart where he played the role of Obierika.
He won Best Actor award at the 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards post-humously for his role in Assassins Practice and was also honored as the inaugural recipient of the "Goodluck Jonathan Lifetime Achievement Award" at the 2013 Nollywood Movies Awards. The Nigerian government honored him with several National honors with the highest being an Officer of the Order of the Niger, OON for his contribution to the development of Film-Making in Nigeria. He is the father of Mavin Records musician Dr Sid.

Nigerian Television Authority
The Nigerian Television Authority or NTA is a Nigerian government-owned and partly commercial broadcast station. Originally known as Nigerian Television (NTV), it was inaugurated in 1977 with a monopoly on national television broadcasting, after a takeover of regional television stations by military governmental authorities in 1976. After a declining interest from the public in government-influenced programming, it lost its monopoly over television broadcasting in Nigeria in the 1990s.

The NTA runs the largest television network in Nigeria with stations in several parts of the country. It is widely viewed as the "authentic voice" of the Nigerian government.
B'
B' (B + apostrophe) may represent:

Bʼ (B + modifier apostrophe), symbol for palatalised b in Slavic notation

B′ (B + prime), symbolising bottomness in particle physics

Β′ or β′ (Beta prime)

It is not to be confused with:

B́ (B + acute accent)

Ḃ (B + overdot)

Bʻ (B + ʻokina)

Bꞌ  (B + saltillo)

Bʾ (B + right half ring)

Bʿ (B + left half ring)

ʻOkina
The ʻokina (Hawaiian pronunciation: [ʔoˈkinɐ]) is the letter that transcribes the glottal stop consonant in Hawaiian. It does not have distinct uppercase and lowercase forms, and is represented electronically by the modifier letter turned comma: ʻ.

A phonemic glottal stop exists in many other Polynesian languages as well; these are usually written by a similar apostrophe-like letter.
AppleMasters
AppleMasters was a group of selected people from all over the world who used and endorsed the Apple Macintosh computer. According to Apple, AppleMasters were "an international group of educators, artists, designers, writers, producers, architects, inventors, scientists, business leaders, humanitarians, musicians, athletes, and others who think different." Members would be invited to events and workshops to explore creative new ways to use emerging Apple technology - like digital video or CD-ROMs. Later as part of Apple's "Think Different" advertising campaign, Apple would use the members in various forms of advertising - including company events and commercials. In return, Apple would reimburse the members with free computers, technical support for new ideas, and use of other Apple branded equipment. The more active members included Sinbad, Herbie Hancock, James Woods, Gregory Hines, and Bryan Adams. A list of active members and alumni was included on Apple's website.

Gregory Hines
Gregory Oliver Hines (February 14, 1946 – August 9, 2003) was an American dancer, actor, choreographer, and singer. He is one of the most celebrated tap dancers of all time. As an actor, he is best known for History of the World, Part I (1981), Wolfen (1981), The Cotton Club (1984), White Nights (1985), Running Scared (1986), A Rage in Harlem (1991), The Gregory Hines Show (1997–1998), playing Ben on Will & Grace (1999–2000), and for voicing Big Bill on the Nick Jr. animated children's television program Little Bill (1999–2004).

Hines starred in more than 40 films and also appeared on Broadway. He received many accolades, including a Daytime Emmy Award, a Drama Desk Award, and a Tony Award, as well as nominations for a Screen Actors Guild Award and four Primetime Emmy Awards.
Karl Rübel
Karl Rübel (16 August 1895 – 8 March 1945) was a German general during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Rübel was killed on 8 March 1945 near Schivelbein, Pomerania, during the course of the Soviet East Pomeranian Offensive.

East Pomeranian offensive
The East Pomeranian strategic offensive operation (Russian: Восточно-Померанская наступательная операция) was an offensive by the Soviet Red Army against the German Wehrmacht on the Eastern Front. It took place in Pomerania and West Prussia from 10 February – 4 April 1945.

The operation happened in four phases:

Konitz-Köslin offensive operation 24 February – 6 March 1945

Danzig offensive operation 7–31 March 1945

Arnswalde–Kolberg offensive operation 1–18 March 1945

Altdamm offensive operation 18 March – 4 April 1945 (near Stettin)

It was the East Pomeranian offensive that prevented Zhukov from reaching Berlin in February (the object of the massive Vistula–Oder offensive), since it became a priority to clear German forces from Pomerania first.
Una Vincenzo, Lady Troubridge
Una Vincenzo, Lady Troubridge (born Margot Elena Gertrude Taylor; 8 March 1887 – 24 September 1963) was a British sculptor and translator. She is best known as the long-time lesbian partner of Marguerite Radclyffe Hall, author of The Well of Loneliness.

Una Troubridge was an educated woman with achievements in her own right. Most notably she was a successful translator and introduced the French writer Colette to English readers. Her talent as a sculptor prompted Nijinsky to sit for her several times.

Vaslav Nijinsky
Vaslav or Vatslav Nijinsky (12 March 1889/1890 – 8 April 1950) was a Russian ballet dancer and choreographer of Polish ancestry. He is regarded as the greatest male dancer of the early 20th century. He is often associated with the Ballets Russes and its impresario Sergei Diaghilev, for which he choreographed such influential ballets as L'après-midi d'un faune (1912), Le Sacre du Printemps (1913), Jeux (1913), and Till Eulenspiegel (1916). He was celebrated for his virtuosity and for the depth and intensity of his characterizations. He could dance en pointe, a rare skill among male dancers at the time, and was admired for his seemingly gravity-defying leaps.
Akaflieg Darmstadt D-28 Windspiel
The Akaflieg Darmstadt D-28 Windspiel  (English: Italian Greyhound) was a single-seat, high-performance sailplane designed in Germany in the early 1930s.  Intended to exploit a growing understanding of thermal soaring, it was small and manoeuvrable, with a 12 m span; silk-covered for lightness, it weighed less (empty) than its pilots.  It held the world straight-line distance record for a time in 1934.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
Harpswell, Maine
Harpswell is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States, on Casco Bay in the Gulf of Maine. The population was 5,031 at the 2020 census.

Harpswell is composed of a peninsula contiguous with the rest of Cumberland County, called Harpswell Neck, as well as three large islands connected by bridges: Sebascodegan Island (locally known as Great Island), Orr's Island, and Bailey Island. Ninety-five smaller islands are within Harpswell's municipal borders.

As of 2022, Harpswell had the highest number of active lobstering licenses in the state of Maine, at just over 250 in all.

Gulf of Maine
The Gulf of Maine is a large gulf of the Atlantic Ocean on the east coast of North America. It is bounded by Cape Cod at the eastern tip of Massachusetts in the southwest and by Cape Sable Island at the southern tip of Nova Scotia in the northeast. The gulf includes the entire coastlines of the U.S. states of New Hampshire and Maine, as well as Massachusetts north of Cape Cod, and the southern and western coastlines of the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, respectively.

The gulf was named for the adjoining English colonial Province of Maine, which was in turn likely named by early explorers after the province of Maine in France. Massachusetts Bay, Penobscot Bay, Passamaquoddy Bay, and the Bay of Fundy are all arms of the Gulf of Maine.
Příkosice
Příkosice is a municipality and village in Rokycany District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Příkosice lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) south-east of Rokycany, 23 km (14 mi) south-east of Plzeň, and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of Prague.

Rokycany
Rokycany (Czech pronunciation: [ˈrokɪtsanɪ]; German: Rokitzan) is a town in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 14,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Mbukushu
The Mbukushu people, also known as the Hambukushu, are a Bantu-speaking ethnic group indigenous to Southern Africa. They are part of the larger Lozi ethnic group and have significant populations in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia, numbering around 120,000.

In Namibia, the Mbukushu hold traditional authority and are one of the five Kavango Kingdoms. They speak the Mbukushu language, known as Thimbukushu.

The Hambukushu originate from Barotseland and primarily reside in Ngamiland, within the Okavango Delta. The Tswana people of Botswana refer to them as "Mbukushu," but they call themselves "Hambukushu." An individual from the tribe is referred to as a Mbukushu.

The Hambukushu are renowned for their rain-making abilities in the Okavango Delta, earning them the title "The Rain-makers of Okavango." They are also celebrated for their basket weaving artistry, and their women are known for using traps to catch fish.

Basket weaving
Basket weaving (also basketry or basket making) is the process of weaving or sewing pliable materials into objects, such as baskets, mats, mesh bags or even furniture. Craftspeople and artists specialized in making baskets may be known as basket makers and basket weavers. Basket weaving is also a rural craft. It is also widely known in Middle Eastern regions such as Cyprus.

Basketry is made from a variety of fibrous or pliable materials—anything that will bend and form a shape. Examples include pine, straw, willow (esp. osier), oak, wisteria, forsythia, vines, stems, fur, hide, grasses, thread, and fine wooden splints. There are many applications for basketry, from simple mats to hot air balloon gondolas.

Many Indigenous peoples are renowned for their basket-weaving techniques.
Death and state funeral of Kim Il Sung
Kim Il Sung, founder and supreme leader of North Korea, died of a heart attack in the early morning of 8 July 1994 at age 82. North Korea's government did not report the death for more than 34 hours after it occurred. An official mourning period was declared from 8–17 July, during which the national flag was flown at half mast throughout the country, and all forms of amusement and dancing were prohibited.

Radio Pyongyang reported that Kim had died from a heart attack. His son Kim Jong Il was announced as North Korea's next leader with the title of "The Great Successor" (Korean: 위대한 계승자) that same day, marking the beginning of a dynasty of rulers in the country. Seventeen years later, he died on 17 December 2011 of the same cause of death as his father and the younger Kim's demise was announced 51 hours
 later.

Foreign Languages Publishing House (North Korea)
The Foreign Languages Publishing House (FLPH) is the central North Korean publishing bureau of foreign-language documents, located in the Potonggang-guyok of Pyongyang, North Korea. It employs a small group of foreigners to revise translations of North Korean texts so as to make those texts suitable for foreign-language publication. It was founded at December 10, 1949.

The publishing house is under the control of the Propaganda and Agitation Department of the Workers' Party of Korea, which also makes decisions concerning its staff.

Foreign Languages Publishing House maintains the Naenara and Publications of the DPRK web portals, and publishes the periodicals Korea, Korea Today, Foreign Trade of the DPRK, and the newspaper Pyongyang Times.

Foreign Languages Publishing House has a sports team in the Paektusan Prize civil servants games.
Calephelis virginiensis
Calephelis virginiensis, the little metalmark, is a species of metalmark in the butterfly family Riodinidae. It is found in North America.

The MONA or Hodges number for Calephelis virginiensis is 4386.

Riodinidae
Riodinidae is the family of metalmark butterflies. The common name "metalmarks" refers to the small, metallic-looking spots commonly found on their wings. The 1,532 species are placed in 146 genera. Although mostly Neotropical in distribution, the family is also represented both in the Nearctic, Palearctic, Australasian (Dicallaneura), Afrotropic (Afriodinia, Saribia), and Indomalayan realms.
The Herd (1998 film)
The Herd is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Peter Lynch and released in 1998. The film documents the history of the Canadian government's failed Reindeer Station project of 1929, when it attempted to transport a herd of reindeer from Alaska to the Mackenzie River delta in the Northwest Territories.

The film blends archival footage with docudrama reenactments acted by a cast including Colm Feore, James Allodi, Graham Greene, David Hemblen, Doug Lennox, Don McKellar and Mark McKinney.

The film premiered at the 1998 Toronto International Film Festival. It received a television broadcast on CBC Television in 2001.

The film received a Genie Award nomination for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 19th Genie Awards.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Feature Length Documentary
The Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television presents an annual award for Best Feature Length Documentary. First presented in 1968 as part of the Canadian Film Awards, it became part of the Genie Awards in 1980 and the contemporary Canadian Screen Awards in 2013.

Under current Academy regulations, the awards for Best Feature Length Documentary and Best Short Documentary can be collapsed into a single award for Best Documentary if either category receives three or fewer eligible submissions, but remain separate if both categories surpass three submissions.
Ziran
Ziran, also rendered in the Wade-Giles romanization as tzu-jan, is a key concept in Taoism and East Asian Buddhism that literally means 'of its own' or 'by itself' and thus "naturally; natural; spontaneously; freely; in the course of events; of course; doubtlessly."

Sudden awakening
Sudden awakening or Sudden enlightenment (Chinese: 頓悟; pinyin: Dùnwù; Japanese pronunciation: tongo), also known as subitism, is a Buddhist idea which holds that practitioners can achieve an instantaneous insight into ultimate reality (Buddha-nature, or the nature of mind). This awakening is described as being attained "suddenly," "in one glance," "uncovered all together," "beyond conceptual elaborations” or "together, completely, simultaneously," in contrast to "successively or being uncovered one after the other." It may be posited as opposite to gradualism, an approach which says that insight can be achieved only through a long gradual step by step process.
Tregarthen
Tregarthen can refer to:

A village near Goldsithney in Cornwall.

Tregarthen's Hotel

John Coulson Tregarthen (1854–1933), British naturalist and writer

Enys Tregarthen (pseudonym), British writer Nellie Sloggett (1851–1923)

Goldsithney
50°07′30″N 5°26′06″W﻿ / ﻿50.125°N 5.435°W﻿ / 50.125; -5.435

Goldsithney (Cornish: Golsydhni, meaning fair of St Sithney) is a village in west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is on the B3280  at grid reference SW546306, about four miles (6 km) east of Penzance and one mile (1.6 km) east of Marazion. It is in the civil parish of Perranuthnoe.

The centre of Goldsithney is a conservation area and has two pubs (the Trevelyan Arms and the Crown Inn), a shop (The Stores Goldsithney). The village holds a Charter fair in August each year.
Ecological Genetics (book)
Ecological Genetics is a 1964 book by the British biologist E. B. Ford on ecological genetics. Ford founded the field and it is considered his magnum opus. The fourth and final edition was published in 1975.

Ford's work was celebrated in 1971 by Ecological Genetics and Evolution, a series of essays edited by Robert Creed, publ. Blackwell, Oxford. This included contributions from Cyril Darlington, Miriam Rothschild, Theodosius Dobzhansky, Bryan Clarke, A.J. Cain, Sir Cyril Clarke and others.

Ford and Ronald Fisher represented one side of a dispute with the American Sewall Wright over the relative roles of selection and drift in evolution.

Ecological Genetics had also Polish and French editions.

Sewall Wright
Sewall Green Wright ForMemRS
HonFRSE (December 21, 1889 – March 3, 1988) was an American geneticist known for his influential work on evolutionary theory and also for his work on path analysis. He was a founder of population genetics alongside Ronald Fisher and J. B. S. Haldane, which was a major step in the development of the modern synthesis combining genetics with evolution. He discovered the inbreeding coefficient and methods of computing it in pedigree animals. He extended this work to populations, computing the amount of inbreeding between members of populations as a result of random genetic drift, and along with Fisher he pioneered methods for computing the distribution of gene frequencies among populations as a result of the interaction of natural selection, mutation, migration and genetic drift. Wright also made major contributions to mammalian and biochemical genetics.
Jiří Bobok
Jiří Bobok (born 1 March 1977) is a goalkeeper  from Czech Republic who played in the Gambrinus Liga for SFC Opava and FK Jablonec 97. He also spent time with clubs including AC Sparta Prague, FK Chmel Blšany, SK Spolana Neratovice.

SK Spolana Neratovice
SK Spolana Neratovice was a Czech football club located in Neratovice and sponsored by Spolana. The club was founded in 1919. The club won the Bohemian Football League in the 1998–99 season and subsequently played four seasons in the Czech 2. Liga. After losing the support of the town and main sponsor Spolana, the club finished in 13th place in the 2002–03 Czech 2. Liga. The club subsequently merged with SK Kladno.
Shah Baharo
Shah Baharo (Sindhi: شاهہ بهارو‎) was a warrior, a military commander of Kalhora dynasty of Sindh, now a province of Pakistan, during the monarchy of Noor Mohammad Kalhoro and Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro. He also remained minister of Mian Noor Muhammad Kalhoro.  it is as well mentioned that he had been appointed as administrator by Mian Noor Muhammad Kalhoro. He fought 84 battles in his lifetime. He had dug many canals for irrigation purposes and also constructed forts. He died in 1188 H, 1735 AD and over his burial place the tomb was built by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro in 1773/74 AD. The fresco paintings adorn the inner and outer walls of the tomb but now became dim. His tomb is located in Larkana city, Larkana District, Sindh, Pakistan.

Kalhora dynasty
The Kalhora dynasty (Sindhi: ڪلهوڙا خاندان‎, romanized: Kalhōṛā khāndān) was a Sindhi Muslim Kalhora tribe dynasty based in the region of Sindh, present day Pakistan. The dynasty governed much of Sindh, South Punjab and parts of Kutch (present-day Gujarat, India) between 1701 and 1783 from their capital of Khudabad, before shifting to Hyderabad from 1768 onwards. They were assigned to hold authority by the Mughal Grand Vizier Mirza Ghazi Beg.
Albanian Sign Language
Albanian Sign Language (AlbSL, Albanian: Gjuha e Shenjave Shqipe) is one of the deaf sign languages of Europe. It is unrelated to other sign languages of the Balkans.

It is relatively young, having developed primarily since the collapse of Communism in 1990. During the communist era, deaf people did not associate with each other on a regular basis. Their communication was primarily with hearing people, and so was strongly influenced by Albanian, with extensive use of fingerspelling and initialized signs, along with some gestures borrowed from hearing people. After the collapse of communism, deaf people began to congregate and a fully-fledged sign language developed. They invented new signs to replace the former use of fingerspelling, and also came into contact with International Sign and other European sign languages, resulting in numerous loan words. The language continues to change rapidly, with innovations tending to radiate from the capital, Tirana, to rural areas.

Fingerspelling
Fingerspelling (or dactylology) is the representation of the letters of a writing system, and sometimes numeral systems, using only the hands. These manual alphabets (also known as finger alphabets or hand alphabets) have often been used in deaf education and have subsequently been adopted as a distinct part of a number of sign languages.  There are about forty manual alphabets around the world. Historically, manual alphabets have had a number of additional applications—including use as ciphers, as mnemonics and in silent religious settings.
William I, Count of Nevers
William I, Count of Nevers (French: Guillaume Ier, c. 1029 – 20 June 1100), was the son of Renauld I, Count of Nevers and Hedwig of France, Countess d'Auxerre. He married Ermengarde, daughter of Renauld, Count of Tonnerre about 1039. William died in 1098.

William I and Ermengarde had:

Renauld II (d. 1089), succeeded his father as Count of Nevers and Count of Auxerre.

William II, succeeded his father as Count of Tonnerre

Robert (d. 1095), later Bishop of Auxerre

Ermengarde (d. 1090–95), married Hubert de Beaumont-au-Maine, Viscount of Maine

Helvise, married William, Count of Évreux

Roman Catholic Diocese of Auxerre
The diocese of Auxerre (Latin: dioecesis Antissiodorensis) is a former French Roman Catholic diocese. Its historical episcopal see was in the city of Auxerre in Burgundy, now part of eastern France. Currently the non-metropolitan Archbishop of Sens, ordinary of the diocese of Sens and Auxerre, resides in Auxerre.