hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Älgö
Älgö is a locality situated in Nacka Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden. It is also a peninsula next to Saltsjöbaden, in Stockholm Archipelago. Älgö is surrounded by Baggensfjärden, Ingaröfjärden and Erstaviken.

Since 2015, the settlement has been constituted as its own urban area. The town already met the resident requirement for an urban area (200) by a very wide margin, but then had too high a proportion of leisure properties.

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Osięciny
Osięciny [ɔɕɛnˈt͡ɕinɨ] (Yiddish: אשענטשין) is a village in Radziejów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Osięciny.

In 2006 the village had a population of 2,700.

Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo kujawsko-pomorskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ kuˈjafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] ⓘ) is one of Poland's 16 voivodeships (provinces).

It was created on 1 January 1999 and is situated in mid-northern Poland, on the boundary between the two historic regions, from which it takes its name: Kuyavia (Polish: Kujawy) and Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze).

Its two chief cities, serving as the province's joint capitals, are Bydgoszcz and Toruń.
Alfred Conard
Alfred Conard can refer to:

Alfred Fellenberg Conard (1835 – 1906), horticulturalist and founder of Star Roses and Plants/Conard-Pyle

Alfred F. Conard, professor of law at University of Michigan, great-nephew of Alfred Fellenberg Conard and son of Henry Shoemaker Conard

Henry Shoemaker Conard
Henry Shoemaker Conard (1874 - 1971) was a leading authority on bryophytes and water lilies, as well as an early advocate of environmental preservation. From 1906 to 1955, Professor Conard worked at Grinnell College in Grinnell, Iowa. In 1954, he became the first to receive the Eminent Ecologist Award from the Ecological Society of America, an award that has continued annually ever since.

In 1969, Grinnell acquired a 365-acre (1.48 km2) plot of cropland and established the Conard Environmental Research Area, in recognition of the legacy of the longtime professor.
Osella PA30
The Osella PA30 is a ground effect sports prototype race car, designed, developed and built by Italian manufacturer Osella, made specifically for timed hillcimb racing. It is powered by a naturally-aspirated 3.0 L (180 cu in) Zytek (Judd KV) ex-Formula 3000 V8 engine, producing in excess of 450 hp (340 kW).

Osella
Formula One portal

Osella is an Italian racing car manufacturer and former Formula One team. They participated in 132 Grands Prix between 1980 and 1990. They achieved two points finishes and scored five world championship points.
Privacy (play)
Privacy is a 2014 play by James Graham. The play looks at how the personal information we share is used by the government and other corporations, and how this affects our security. It was inspired by revelations by Edward Snowden regarding government surveillance.

James Graham (playwright)
James Graham OBE FRSL (born 8 July 1982) is a British playwright and screenwriter. His work has been staged throughout the UK and internationally, at theatres including the Bush, Soho Theatre, Clwyd Theatr Cymru, Royal Court Theatre, Liverpool and the National Theatre.
Valentino nero
Valentino nero is a red Italian wine grape variety that is grown in the Piedmont wine region of northwest Italy but was initially bred at the Conegliano research center in the Veneto. In 1936, its creator, Giovanni Dalmasso, stated that the grape was a crossing of two Vitis vinifera Piedmontese varieties, Nebbiolo and Dolcetto, but DNA profiling in 2009 showed that the French wine grape Chatus and Dolcetto were the parent vines.

DNA profiling
DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting and genetic fingerprinting) is the process of determining an individual's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) characteristics. DNA analysis intended to identify a species, rather than an individual, is called DNA barcoding.

DNA profiling is a forensic technique in criminal investigations, comparing criminal suspects' profiles to DNA evidence so as to assess the likelihood of their involvement in the crime. It is also used in paternity testing, to establish immigration eligibility, and in genealogical and medical research. DNA profiling has also been used in the study of animal and plant populations in the fields of zoology, botany, and agriculture. DNA profiling was discovered by British geneticist Sir Alec Jeffreys in 1984 while he was working at the University of Leicester. He developed the technique of genetic fingerprinting by realizing that some regions of DNA have highly variable repetitive sequences that are unique to each individual.
Fernie (electoral district)
Fernie was the name of a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia centred on the town of Fernie in the southern Rockies.  It made its first appearance on the hustings in the election of 1903. In a redistribution after the 1963 election the area covered by this riding was incorporated into the new Kootenay riding (same name but smaller than the original 1871-vintage Kootenay riding).

Redistribution (election)
Redistribution (re-districting in the United States and in the Philippines) is the process by which electoral districts are added, removed, or otherwise changed. Redistribution is a form of boundary delimitation that changes electoral district boundaries, usually in response to periodic census results. Redistribution is required by law or constitution at least every decade in most representative democracy systems that use first-past-the-post or similar electoral systems to prevent geographic malapportionment. The act of manipulation of electoral districts to favour a candidate or party is called gerrymandering.
Chhapi railway station
Chhapi railway station is a railway station in Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India on the Western line of the Western railway network. Chhapi railway station is 16 km far away from Palanpur Junction. Passenger, Express and Superfast trains halt here.chhapi railway station is located in village named Chhapi

Banaskantha district
Banaskantha district is one of the thirty-four districts of the Gujarat state of India. The administrative headquarters and largest city is Palanpur. The district is in northeastern Gujarat where the West Banas River runs through the valley between Mount Abu and Aravalli Range, flowing to the plains of Gujarat in this region. The district is famous for the Ambaji temple which draws many tourists. It has an area of 12,703 km2 and was the second largest district in the state until January 2025, when Vav-Tharad district was carved out of the western part of the district and remaining area of 6,176 km2 remains the same.
Municipal councils of Sri Lanka
There are 27 Municipal councils in Sri Lanka, which are the legislative bodies that preside over the largest cities and first tier municipalities in the country. Introduced in 1987 through the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka, municipal councils became a devolved subject under the Provincial Councils in the Local Government system of Sri Lanka. Until 2025 municipal councils collectively governed 4.19 million people within a 698 square kilometre area. There were 445 Councillors in total, ranging from 53 to 9 per council.

Polonnaruwa Municipal Council was created on 30 June 2017, bifurcated from Thamankaduwa Pradeshiya Sabha.

A extraordinary gazette was published in 2022 to upgrade existing urban councils to municipal councils for the localities of Puttalam, Trincomalee, Vavuniya, Kegalle and Kalutara. Following the conclusion of the Local Government elections in 2025, the municipal councils for the new localities commenced operations.

Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka
The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka (13A) is amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka, passed in 1987, which created Provincial Councils in Sri Lanka.

This amendment also made Sinhala and Tamil the official languages of the country and declared English the "link language".
Okabe (surname)
Okabe (written: 岡部) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jiro Okabe (岡部 次郎; 1864–1925), Japanese politician

Keiichi Okabe (岡部 啓一; born 1969), Japanese music composer

Kenji Okabe (岡部 健二; 1915–?), Japanese World War II flying ace

Kinjiro Okabe (岡部 金治郎; 1896–1984), Japanese electrical engineer and scientist

Kiyoko Okabe (岡部 喜代子; born 1949), Japanese judge

Leandro Okabe (born 1985), Japanese-Brazilian model

Okabe Motonobu (岡部 元信; died 1581), Japanese samurai

Naozaburo Okabe (岡部 直三郎; 1887–1946), Japanese general

Noriaki Okabe (岡部 憲明; born 1947), Japanese architect

Rin Okabe (岡部麟; born 1996), Japanese singer

Toru Okabe (岡部 通; 1889–1961), Japanese general

Yoshiro Okabe (岡部 芳郎; 1884–1945), Japanese engineer and assistant of Thomas Edison

Yukiaki Okabe (岡部 幸明; 1941–2018), Japanese swimmer

Yoshiro Okabe
Yoshiro Okabe (岡部 芳郎, Okabe Yoshiro; April 9, 1884 – March 17, 1945) was a Japanese engineer and an assistant of Thomas Edison. He worked at Menlo Park from 1904 to 1914. After returning to Japan, Okabe made the short  sound film Katyusha (leading actress:Sumako Matsui) using Edison's kinetoscope. He died in 1945 in Kobe in a U.S. air strike.
Angianthus cornutus
Angianthus cornutus is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a low-lying or ascending annual herb with hairy linear leaves, more or less oval compound heads of yellow flowers, and egg-shaped or oval achenes.

Achene
An achene (/əˈkiːn/; from Ancient Greek  ἀ (a) 'privative' and  χαίνειν (khaínein) 'to gape'), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it.  In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat.
2023 Alsco Uniforms 250
The 2023 Alsco Uniforms 250 was the 17th stock car race of the 2023 NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the 3rd iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, July 8, 2023, in Hampton, Georgia at Atlanta Motor Speedway, a 1.54 miles (2.48 km) permanent quad-oval shaped racetrack. The race was originally scheduled to be contested over 163 laps, but was extended to 169 laps due to a NASCAR overtime finish. John Hunter Nemechek, driving for Joe Gibbs Racing, would take advantage of a late-race restart, and held off the Kaulig Racing trio to earn his 5th career NASCAR Xfinity Series win, and his third of the season. Justin Haley dominated most of the race, leading a race-high 80 laps. To fill out the podium, Daniel Hemric, driving for Kaulig Racing, and Cole Custer, driving for Stewart-Haas Racing, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

2023 NASCAR Xfinity Series
The 2023 NASCAR Xfinity Series was the 42nd season of the NASCAR Xfinity Series, a stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in the United States. The season started with the Beef. It's What's for Dinner. 300 on February 18 at Daytona International Speedway and ended with the NASCAR Xfinity Series Championship Race on November 4 at Phoenix Raceway. In addition, this was the penultimate season of Fox and NBC's TV contract for the Xfinity Series.

Ty Gibbs won the championship in 2022, but did not compete for a second consecutive title as he moved up to the Cup Series in 2023, driving full-time for Joe Gibbs Racing, replacing Kyle Busch. Following the 2023 Kansas Lottery 300 at Kansas Speedway, Austin Hill of Richard Childress Racing won the regular season championship. At season's end, Cole Custer of Stewart–Haas Racing became the 2023 Xfinity Series champion.
Giuseppe du Toit
Giuseppe du Toit (born 29 July 1995) is a Canadian rugby union player who generally plays as a centre for the  Toronto Arrows in Major League Rugby (MLR). He also represents Canada internationally.

On 27 September 2019, he was included in the Canadian squad for the 2019 Rugby World Cup as an injury replacement to Nick Blevins and also marked his first World Cup appearance.

Toronto Arrows
Toronto Arrows R.F.C. was a rugby union club based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that played in Major League Rugby. The Arrows team was an independent off-shoot of the Ontario Blues provincial programme and was funded by a group of private investors and supporters. They are currently on hiatus following the 2023 season.
ALCO DL420
The ALCO DL420 was the prototype ALCO S-5 diesel-electric switcher locomotive.

It was built in August, 1951 using an early six-cylinder 251 engine rated at 800 horsepower (600 kW) and RS-3 subassemblies in its construction. It rode on two-axle trucks with a B-B wheel arrangement, and was the first ALCO switcher with a front radiator opening. This one-of-a-kind unit spent its time at the Niskayuna test facility, then at Schenectady as a shop switcher (#6). It was scrapped in the late 1950s.

Bogie
A bogie (/ˈboʊɡi/ BOH-ghee) (or truck in North American English) comprises two or more wheelsets (two wheels on an axle), in a frame, attached under a vehicle by a pivot. Bogies take various forms in various modes of transport. A bogie may remain normally attached (as on many railroad cars and semi-trailers) or be quickly detachable (as for a dolly in a road train or in railway bogie exchange). It may include suspension components within it (as most rail and trucking bogies do), or be solid and in turn be suspended (as are most bogies of tracked vehicles). It may be mounted on a swivel, as traditionally on a railway carriage or locomotive, additionally jointed and sprung (as in the landing gear of an airliner), or held in place by other means (centreless bogies).

Although bogie is the preferred spelling and first-listed variant in various dictionaries, bogey and bogy are also used.
Smot (chanting)
Smot chanting, or smot (Khmer: ស្មូត or ស្មូតរ) is a chanting tradition performed primarily at funerals in Cambodia. It is associated with other various forms of Buddhist chanting used by Buddhism in Cambodia but distinct from both paritta chant and khatha used in Buddhist chant to proclaim the Dhammapada.

Gatha (Buddhism)
In Buddhism, gāthā (Pali from Sanskrit gāthā; Khmer: គាថា; Thai: คาถา; also spelled khatha) refers to any Prakrit and Pali verses in general, or specifically the arya meter of Sanskrit. Versified portions of Pāli Canon (Tipitaka) of Theravāda Buddhism are also specifically called gathas. The word is originally derived from the Sanskrit/Prakrit root gai, which means 'to speak, sing, recite or extol', cognate to the Avestan term gatha.

The stanzas of the Prakrit dialects of Ardhamagadhi, Sauraseni and Pāli are known as gathas as opposed to shlokas and sutras of Sanskrit and dohas of Apabhramsha. Most of the Jain and Buddhist texts written in Prakrit are composed of gathas (or verses/stanzas).
1944 Sugar Bowl
The 1944 Sugar Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 1944, at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana.  It was the tenth playing of the Sugar Bowl.  The Tulsa Golden Hurricane returned to the game for the second consecutive season and faced the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, who became the first team to have played in all four major bowls; they had previously participated in the 1929 Rose Bowl, the 1940 Orange Bowl, and the 1943 Cotton Bowl Classic. The Golden Hurricane had an 18–7 lead at halftime, but Georgia Tech roared back, scoring 13 unanswered points to win.

Tulane Stadium
Tulane Stadium was an outdoor football stadium in the Southern United States on the campus of Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana. It stood from 1926 to 1980 and was officially the Third Tulane Stadium, following the "Second Tulane Stadium", which was located where the Telephone Exchange Building is now.

The former site is currently bound by Willow Street to the south, Ben Weiner Drive to the east, the Tulane University property line west of McAlister Place, and the Hertz Basketball/Volleyball Practice Facility and the Green Wave's current home, Yulman Stadium, to the north.

Tulane Stadium hosted the Sugar Bowl through December 1974 and three of the first nine Super Bowls, in January 1970, 1972, and 1975.
Richard Tudor
Richard Thornhill Tudor (born 27 September 1948) is a former English cricketer.  Tudor was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire and educated at Shrewsbury School.

Tudor made his only first-class appearance for Warwickshire against Cambridge University in 1976. In this match, he bowled a total of fifteen wicket-less overs.  He did not bat in Warwickshire's first-innings, but in the second innings he was promoted to open, scoring 6 runs before being dismissed by Charles Bannister. He made no further appearances for Warwickshire.

Before and after playing for Warwickshire, Tudor played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire, making his debut for the county in the 1975 Minor Counties Championship against Durham.  He played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1975 to 1977, making nine appearances.

Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School is a private school in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England.

It was founded in 1552 by Edward VI by royal charter, to replace the town's Anglo-Saxon collegiate foundations which were disestablished in the sixteenth century. It is one of the seven public schools in the UK subject to the Public Schools Act 1868 and one of the nine schools reviewed by the Clarendon Commission between 1861 and 1864. The school is notable for being the education site of renowned scientist Charles Darwin.

It was originally founded as a boarding school for boys. In 2008, however, girls were accepted in the sixth form. Since 2015 Shrewsbury School has been a co-educational school. As at Michaelmas Term 2023, Shrewsbury School had 842 pupils: 522 boys and 320 girls. The school has seven boys', and five girls' houses. Alumni of the school are known as Old Salopians.

The present school site, to which the school moved in 1882, is on the south bank of the River Severn.
Ruthie Davis
Ruthie Davis is an independent American female designer and entrepreneur known for her eponymous brand Ruthie Davis. Her designs are endorsed and worn by fashion icons such as Lady Gaga, Beyoncé, Zendaya, and Ariana Grande.

She was named “The Queen of Footwear” by Bella magazine.

Reebok
Reebok International Limited (/ˈriːbɒk/ REE-bok) is an American footwear and clothing brand that is a part of Authentic Brands Group. It was established in England in 1958 as a companion company to J.W. Foster and Sons, a sporting goods company which had been founded in 1895 in Bolton, Lancashire. From 1958 until 1986, the brand featured the flag of the United Kingdom in its logo to signify the origins of the company. It was bought by German sporting goods company Adidas in 2005, then sold to the United States–based Authentic Brands Group in 2021. The company's global headquarters are located in Boston, Massachusetts, in the Seaport District.
Amomum smithiae
Amomum smithiae is a monocotyledonous plant species originally described by Yee Kiew Kam as Elettariopsis smithiae in the family Zingiberaceae. No subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life.

Amomum smithiae is native to Malaysia and Thailand.

It is named in honour of Scottish botanist Rosemary Margaret Smith.

Zingiberaceae
Zingiberaceae, the ginger family, is a family of flowering plants containing 58 genera and about 1600 described species distributed globally in the tropics and subtropics. They are aromatic perennial herbs with creeping rhizomes, sometimes tuberous. Basal leaf sheathing forms a pseudostem taller than their true stems which emerge unbranched. Flowers are typically zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical) and inflorescence is raceme. Fruit is typically a dry capsule and seeds are arillate.

Ancient fossils and phylogenetics indicate the Zingiberaceae evolved in Africa during the mid-Cretaceous period. The dispersal of these plants across Asia, the Americas, and Australia followed the expansion of tropical rain forest habitat soon after this period.
Posthuset tram stop
Posthuset station was a former tram stop on the Oslo Tramway. It has since been replaced by Dronningens gate station.

Posthuset station was located between Jernbanetorget station in the east and Kongens gate station in the west. It is named after the old post office of central Oslo (now superseded by Postgirobygget), which was located at Prinsens gate 8.

Trams in Oslo
The Oslo tram network (Norwegian: Trikken i Oslo, short from elektrikk, 'electric') is the tram system in Oslo, Norway. It consists of six lines with 99 stops and has a daily ridership of 132,000. It is operated by Sporveien Trikken AS, a subsidiary of the municipally owned Sporveien who maintain the track and 72 tram vehicles on contracts with the public transport authority Ruter. The system operates on standard gauge and uses 750 V DC overhead. Depot, workshops and headquarters are at Grefsen (at the terminus of lines 17 and 18). There is also a depot at Holtet (along lines 13 and 19) that is home to the technical company InfraPartner, which maintains the track for the tram and metro systems in Oslo, and a small office building for Oslo Sporveier.
The Yellow Moon Band
The Yellow Moon Band are an English progressive rock band. They released their debut album, Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World on the Static Caravan label in early 2009, to positive reviews. Their music can be described as a mix of psychedelia, folk, and progressive rock.

Dodgy
Dodgy are an English rock band formed in Hounslow in 1990. The band rose to prominence during the Britpop era of the 1990s. They are best known for their hits "Staying Out for the Summer", "If You're Thinking of Me", and "Good Enough".  "Good Enough" was their biggest hit, reaching No. 4 on the UK Singles Chart. They released their latest album, What Are We Fighting For, in September 2016.

Their song "Good Enough" was featured on the soundtrack to the film Sliding Doors (1998).
USS Anacostia (1856)
USS Anacostia was a steamer, constructed as a tugboat, that was first chartered by the United States Navy for service during the Paraguay crisis of the 1850s and then commissioned as a U.S. Navy ship. She later served prominently in the Union Navy during the American Civil War.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.