hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Park Avenue (teletext soap)
Park Avenue was a daily teletext based soap opera on ITV's ORACLE teletext service, which was written by Robbie Burns. It was launched in 1988, and 1,445 episodes were written during its time on air. It later moved to Channel 4 after ORACLE was reorganised, before ending when the service lost its franchise at the end of 1992.

History of ITV
The history of ITV, the United Kingdom and Crown Dependencies "Independent Television" commercial network, goes back to 1955.

Independent Television began as a network of independently owned regional companies that were both broadcasters and programme makers, beginning with four companies operating six stations in three large regions in 1955–1956, and gradually expanding to 17 stations in 14 regions by 1962. Each regional station was responsible for its own branding, scheduling and advertising, with many peak-time programmes shared simultaneously across the whole network.

By 29 February 2016, 12 regions in England and Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man shared national ITV branding and scheduling, and, together with a 13th region UTV in Northern Ireland, were owned by a single company, ITV plc. A further two regions in Scotland carry STV branding and are owned by the STV Group.
Parkour at the 2022 World Games
The parkour competition at the 2022 World Games took place in July 2022, in Birmingham in United States, at the Sloss Furnaces.
Originally scheduled to take place in July 2021, the Games were rescheduled for July 2022 as a result of the 2020 Summer Olympics postponement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Parkour competition made its debut as official sport of The World Games programme.

Sloss Furnaces
Sloss Furnaces is a National Historic Landmark in Birmingham, Alabama in the United States. It operated as a pig iron-producing blast furnace from 1882 to 1971. After closing, it became one of the first industrial sites (and the only blast furnace) in the U.S. to be preserved and restored for public use. In 1981, the furnaces were designated a National Historic Landmark by the United States Department of the Interior.

The site currently serves as an interpretive museum of industry and hosts a metal arts program. It also serves as a concert and festival venue. A new visitor center was built in 2015 and opened in 2016. The furnace site, along a wide strip of land reserved in Birmingham's original city plan for railroads and industry, hosts students through their education programs. The museum is free to visit.
2023 FIVB Volleyball Men's Challenger Cup qualification (NORCECA)
The North American section of the 2023 FIVB Volleyball Men's Challenger Cup qualification acted as a qualifier for the 2023 FIVB Volleyball Men's Challenger Cup, for national teams which are members of the North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation (NORCECA). The tournament was held in Pinar del Río, Cuba from 3 to 5 June 2022. The winners Cuba qualified for the 2023 Challenger Cup. But, as Cuba later won the 2022 FIVB Volleyball Men's Challenger Cup and qualified for the 2023 FIVB Volleyball Men's Nations League, the runners-up Dominican Republic succeeded to the 2023 Challenger Cup qualification.

2023 FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League
The 2023 FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League was the fifth edition of the FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League, an annual men's international volleyball tournament. The competition was held from 6 June to 23 July 2023, with the final round taking place at the Ergo Arena, Gdańsk, Poland.

Following the results of 2022 Nations League and 2022 Challenger Cup, Australia were replaced by debutants Cuba in this edition.

Finals host and home team Poland won their first VNL title after defeating the United States in four sets. It was the United States' third silver medal. Japan defeated Italy in a tie-breaker match and claimed the bronze medal. Paweł Zatorski from Poland was named the MVP of the tournament.
Kʼahkʼ Ujol Kʼinich I
Kʼahkʼ Ujol Kʼinich I ("Fire-headed Sun God") was a king of Maya city of Caracol in Belize, named after the Sun deity called Kinich Ahau. He is also known as Ruler I and Smoking Skull I. He reigned c. AD 470.

His wife was probably Lady of Xultun and his son was likely king Yajaw Teʼ Kʼinich I.

This ruler is named retrospectively in a sixth-century genealogy, but his exact position in the chronology of Caracol rulers is uncertain. His status as a revered ancestor is inferred from the fact that his name appears on a later monument as a belt ornament. On Caracol Stela 6 Kʼahkʼ Ujol Kʼinich's descendant Knot Ajaw is depicted with the head of Kʼahkʼ Ujol Kʼinich.

Chronology
Chronology (from Latin chronologia, from Ancient Greek χρόνος, chrónos, 'time'; and -λογία, -logia) is the science of arranging events in their order of occurrence in time, such as in a timeline or other sequence of events. It is also "the determination of the actual temporal sequence of past events".

Chronology is a part of periodization. It is also a part of the discipline of history including earth history, the earth sciences, and study of the geologic time scale.
Block 5A, South Sudan
Block 5A is an oil concession in South Sudan.
After oil field development began during the Second Sudanese Civil War, Block 5A was the scene of extensive fighting as rival militias struggled for control.
Out of an original population of 240,000, an estimated 12,000 were killed or died of starvation and 160,000 were displaced by force. 
Production started in 2006.
There is evidence that the environmentally sensitive marshlands beside the Nile are becoming polluted.

Heglig
Heglig, or Panthou (also spelled Heglieg or Pandthow), is a small town at the border between the South Kordofan state of Sudan and the Unity State in South Sudan. The entirety of Heglig is claimed by both Sudan and South Sudan, but administered by Sudan. The area was contested during the Second Sudanese Civil War. In mid-April 2012, South Sudan's Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) captured the Heglig oil field from Sudan. Sudan took it back at the Second Battle of Heglig ten days later.
Gawa Na ang Bala Na Papatay sa Iyo
Gawa Na ang Bala Na Papatay sa Iyo (lit. 'The Bullet That Will Kill You Has Been Made') is a 1988 Philippine action film directed by Willy Milan from the story and script by Pablo S. Gomez. The film stars Fernando Poe Jr., Vic Vargas, Marianne Dela Riva, Subas Herrero, and Harlene Bautista. Produced by Lea Productions, the film was released on November 30, 1988.

Critic Lav Diaz noted its intense violence in comparison with Poe's previous films, and gave it a mixed review. Bautista won the Film Academy of the Philippines Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Luna Award
The Luna Awards are awards given annually by the Film Academy of the Philippines (FAP) to recognize the outstanding achievements of the Filipino film industry. The first awards were presented in 1983 in Pasay. It is considered to be the Philippine counterpart of the Oscars. It used to be known as the FAP Awards until in 2005 when it got its current name. Since 2007, the Academy started holding simple awards ceremonies due to lack of government funding and reduction of its share from MMFF earnings.
History of urban planning
Urban planning is a technical and political process concerned with the use of land and design of the urban environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas such as transportation and distribution networks.

The history of urban planning runs parallel to the history of the city, as planning is in evidence at some of the earliest known urban sites.

History of cities
Towns and cities have a long history, although opinions vary on which ancient settlements are truly cities. Historically, the benefits of dense, permanent settlement were numerous, but required prohibitive amounts of food and labor to maintain. Ancient cities allowed for the pooling of resources, exchange of ideas, large marketplaces, and even some shared amenities such as drinking water, sewerage, law enforcement, and roads. The first cities formed and grew once these benefits of proximity between people exceeded the cost of work required to maintain a settlement. Various technologies such as bricks, pottery, and animal taming played a large role in the costs and benefits of maintaining the earliest forms of cities. Cities were first made possible by advances in technology.
National Trade Union Confederation (Romania)
The National Trade Union Confederation (Cartel ALFA)  is a national trade union center in Romania. It was founded June, 1990 and has a membership of 325,000.

Cartel ALFA is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation, and the European Trade Union Confederation.

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
Bündner Oberländerschaf
The Bündner Oberländerschaf (also known as Grisons (French), Graubünden (German)) is a domesticated breed of sheep in Switzerland.  As of 2007, there were less than 1,100 but the population is increasing and used primarily for vegetation management.

Conservation grazing
Conservation grazing or targeted grazing is the use of semi-feral or domesticated grazing livestock to maintain and increase the biodiversity of natural or semi-natural grasslands, heathlands, wood pasture, wetlands and many other habitats. Conservation grazing is generally less intensive than practices such as prescribed burning, but still needs to be managed to ensure that overgrazing does not occur. The practice has proven to be beneficial in moderation in restoring and maintaining grassland and heathland ecosystems. Conservation or monitored grazing has been implemented into regenerative agriculture programs to restore soil and overall ecosystem health of current working landscapes. The optimal level of grazing and grazing animal will depend on the goal of conservation. Different levels of grazing, alongside other conservation practices, can be used to induce desired results.
Communes of the Calvados department
The following is a list of the 526 communes of the Calvados department of France.

The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):

Communauté urbaine Caen la Mer

Communauté d'agglomération Lisieux Normandie

Communauté de communes de Bayeux Intercom

Communauté de communes Cingal-Suisse Normande

Communauté de communes Cœur Côte Fleurie

Communauté de communes Cœur de Nacre

Communauté de communes Intercom de la Vire au Noireau

Communauté de communes Isigny-Omaha Intercom

Communauté de communes Normandie-Cabourg-Pays d'Auge

Communauté de communes du Pays de Falaise

Communauté de communes du Pays de Honfleur-Beuzeville (partly)

Communauté de communes Pré-Bocage Intercom

Communauté de communes Seulles Terre et Mer

Communauté de communes Terre d'Auge

Communauté de communes Val ès Dunes

Communauté de communes Vallées de l'Orne et de l'Odon

Communauté de communes Cœur Côte Fleurie
Communauté de Communes Cœur Côte Fleurie is the intercommunal structure centered on the town of Deauville. It is located in the Calvados department in Normandy, northwestern France. It was created in 1974 as the district of Trouville-Deauville, which was converted into a communauté de communes in 2002, and its seat is in Deauville. Its area is 118.2 square kilometers. As of 2021, its population was 20,632 people, with 3,565 people living in Deauville proper.
Jim Preuitt
James Edward Preuitt  (July 19, 1935 – September 19, 2021) was an American politician and Democratic member of the Alabama Senate, representing the 11th District from 1995 to 2010. Previously he was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives.

On November 13, 2007, the body of his grandson (missing for eight days) was found in Villa Rica, Georgia.

In April 2010 Preuitt left the Democratic Party becoming a Republican. He died on September 19, 2021, at the age of 86.

Alabama Senate
32°22′36″N 86°17′56″W﻿ / ﻿32.37667°N 86.29889°W﻿ / 32.37667; -86.29889

The Alabama State Senate is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The body is composed of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, with each district containing at least 127,140 citizens. Similar to the lower house, the Alabama House of Representatives, the senate serves both without term limits and with a four-year term.

The Alabama State Senate meets at the State House in Montgomery.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the United States Senate, the senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.
Obermaier
Obermaier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albrecht Obermaier (1912–2004), German naval officer

Frederik Obermaier (born 1984), German investigative journalist

Hugo Obermaier (1877–1946), German prehistorian and anthropologist

Ottmar Obermaier (1883-1965), German sculptor

Otto G. Obermaier (born 1936), United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York

Stefan Obermaier (born 1981), Austrian musician, producer and DJ

Uschi Obermaier (born 1946), German model and actress, associated with the 1968 left-wing movement

Stefan Obermaier
Stefan Obermaier (born 8 January 1981) is an Austrian electronic musician, producer and DJ.
Born in Salzburg, Stefan Obermaier lives and works in Vienna since 2001. He produces different house music styles, downtempo and electronica.
Bekaboo
Bekaboo (transl. Uncontrollable) is an Indian Hindi-language supernatural thriller television series that aired from 18 March 2023 to 9 July 2023 on Colors TV. The series starred Eisha Singh and Shalin Bhanot. From 15 July 2023 to 6 August 2023, the show was streamed on JioCinema with the title Bekaboo: Ishq-e-Anjaam.

JioCinema
JioCinema was an Indian subscription video-on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned by Viacom18. The service was merged with Disney+ Hotstar on 14 February 2025, to form JioHotstar.

In April 2022, the service was brought under Reliance's Viacom18 joint venture, backed by new funding from Uday Shankar and James Murdoch's Bodhi Tree Systems. JioCinema began to subsume Viacom18's existing streaming platform Voot later that year, beginning with sports programming in October, and Voot being officially discontinued in favour of JioCinema in August 2023.
David Holmes (politician)
David Holmes (March 10, 1769 – August 20, 1832) was an American politician in Virginia and Mississippi. He served five terms as a U.S. congressman from Virginia's 2nd congressional district and later was important in Mississippi's development as a state. The federal government appointed him as the fourth and last governor of the Mississippi Territory. In 1817, he was unanimously elected as the first governor of the state of Mississippi. He served a term as U.S. senator from Mississippi, appointed to fill a vacancy until elected by the legislature. Elected again as governor, he was forced to resign early due to ill health. He returned to Virginia in his last years.

Choctaw
The Choctaw (Choctaw: Chahta Choctaw pronunciation: [tʃahtá(ʔ)]) people are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States, historically based in what is now Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. The Choctaw language is a Western Muskogean language. Today, Choctaw people are enrolled primarily in three federally recognized tribes: the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, and the Jena Band of Choctaw Indians in Louisiana. The Yowani Choctaw, a historic Choctaw band, are federally recognized as a people within the Caddo Nation and are also enrolled as citizens of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma and the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. Choctaw descendants are also members of other tribes.
2019 Hamburg European Open – Singles
Nikoloz Basilashvili was the defending champion and successfully defended his title, defeating Andrey Rublev in the final, 7–5, 4–6, 6–3. En route to doing so, Basilashvili saved two match points against Alexander Zverev in the semifinals.

Hugo Dellien
Hugo Dellien Velasco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈuɣo ðeˈljen]; born 16 June 1993) is a Bolivian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 64, achieved on 1 August 2022, becoming the highest-ranked Bolivian since Mario Martínez (No. 60) in November 1983. He is the current No. 1 Bolivian tennis player. He also has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of No. 185 achieved on 2 February 2015. In juniors, Dellien had a career-high combined ranking of No. 2 in March 2011.
Adlai E. Stevenson High School (Sterling Heights, Michigan)
Adlai E. Stevenson High School is a public high school located in Sterling Heights, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. Stevenson is a part of Utica Community Schools,  Michigan's second largest school district.

The school was named for Adlai E. Stevenson, a two-time candidate for President of the United States and former United Nations ambassador.  In athletics, the school is often referred to as "Sterling Heights Stevenson". The school's mascot is the "Titans."

Utica Community Schools
Utica Community Schools (UCS) is a public school district located in Macomb County, Michigan in the Metropolitan Detroit area. UCS serves the city of Utica, the majority of Shelby Township, the northern portion of Sterling Heights, and parts of Ray, Washington, and Macomb townships. UCS is the second-largest school district in the state of Michigan.
Tadesse Werede
Lieutenant General Tadesse Werede Tesfay (Tigrinya: ታደሰ ወረደ (ወዲ ወረደ); born 13 July 1958) is an Ethiopian military officer and politician who is Commander-in Chief of the Tigray Defense Forces since 2021, and currently the chief administrator of the Tigray Region since 2025.

Interim Regional Administration of Tigray
The Interim Regional Administration of Tigray (Tigrinya: ግዝያዊ ምምሕዳር ክልል ትግራይ; Amharic: የትግራይ ክልል ግዝያዊ አስተዳደር) is an interim regional government for the Tigray Region announced by the Office of the Prime Minister of Ethiopia on 23 March 2023. This appointment was based on Article 10(1) of the Permanent Cessation of Hostilities Agreement (CoHA) signed in Pretoria between the Federal Government and the TPLF to end the conflict on 2 November 2022, which called for the establishment of an inclusive Interim Regional Administration, and a decision by the House of Federation (HoF) to establish the interim administration of the Tigray regional state, as per Article 62 (9) of the Constitution proclamation 359/1995, article 14/2/B. On the same day, Ato Getachew Reda Kahsay was appointed as IRA head for undisclosed terms.
Schut
Schut is a Dutch occupational surname derived from schutter, meaning "archer". Notable people with the surname include:

Alje Schut (born 1981), Dutch footballer

Anoushka Schut-Welkzijn (born 1969), Dutch politician

Ans Schut (1944–2025), Dutch speed skater

Cornelis Schut (1597–1655), Flemish Baroque painter

Cornelis Schut III (c. 1629–1685), Flemish painter active in Spain

Lisa Schut (born 1994), Dutch chess player

Lukáš Schut (born 1985), Czech footballer

Wim Schut (1920–2006), Dutch government minister

Bakker Schut

Frits Bakker Schut (1903–1966), Dutch civil engineer who drew the Bakker-Schut Plan of annexation of German territory after World War ||

Pieter Bakker Schut (1941–2007), Dutch lawyer

Lukáš Schut
Lukáš Schut (born 9 December 1985) is a Czech football player who currently plays for Einheit Rudolstadt. He joined FK Viktoria Žižkov on loan in 2011 but only played two games before returning to Baník Most.
Kielder Observatory
Kielder Observatory is an astronomical observatory located in Kielder Forest, Northumberland, England. The site is on Black Fell, overlooking Kielder Water near the Scottish border. It is accessible from James Turrell's Kielder Skyspace via a half-mile long forest track.

The observatory's design is the result of a competition managed by RIBA Competitions which was won by London-based Charles Barclay Architects. The building is powered by solar panels and a wind turbine. It won the RIBA Award for its architecture in 2009 and also that same year a Civic Trust Award.

The observatory is administered by the Kielder Observatory Astronomical Society, which is a registered charity consisting of a board of Trustees and ten permanent members of staff responsible for educational delivery.

Civic Trust Awards
The Civic Trust Awards scheme is a British awards scheme to recognise outstanding architecture, planning and design in the built environment. It was established in 1959, and is the longest-standing built environment awards scheme in Europe. The Civic Trust Awards is not linked to any organisation, institution, or publication and operates on a not-for-profit basis. The general public is able to participate in nominating and judging schemes from their local area. They may also be awarded internationally.
Francisco Gómez (athlete)
Francisco Gómez Hechavarría (born 7 February 1957) is a Cuban sprinter and long jumper. He competed in the men's 100 metres at the 1976 Summer Olympics.

At the 1974 Central American and Caribbean Games, Gómez won the bronze medal in the long jump.

At the 1976 Olympics, Gómez accused Olympic gold medalist Alberto Juantorena of sabotaging the Cuban national team by putting talcum powder on their beds in the Olympic village, a claim that Juantorena did not deny. The prank caused sprinter Silvio Leonard to trip and fall on glass requiring stitches, but for accusing Juantorena, the Cuban national team disciplined Gómez by leaving him in Montreal.

Gómez Hechavarría is from the Palma Soriano city of Cuba.

Athletics at the 1974 Central American and Caribbean Games
The athletics competition in the 1974 Central American and Caribbean Games were held at the Estadio Olímpico Juan Pablo Duarte in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

It was the last time that three athletes from one country were allowed to compete in an individual event making a clean sweep of medals possible.