hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ieuan ab Owain Glyndŵr
Ieuan ab Owain Glyndŵr was reputedly the illegitimate son of Owain Glyndŵr, the last native-Welsh Prince of Wales. The possibility of his existence was uncovered through the work of Peter Bartrum which is currently being edited by the University of Wales Aberystwyth. Ieuan ab Owain and his descendants are detailed in Peniarth Manuscript 287 in the hand of Robert Vaughan of Hengwrt (c.1592–1667) and also in the manuscript known as Harley 1969 by Griffith Hughes (1634–1665) - the original manuscripts are kept at the National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth and the British Library respectively.

Ieuan, who is thought to have been born around 1380 and to have died around 1430, is thought to have had three sons:

Maredudd ab Ieuan ab Owain Glyndŵr

Robert ab Ieuan ab Owain Glyndŵr

Iorwerth ab Ieuan ab Owain Glyndŵr

Aberystwyth University
Aberystwyth University (Welsh: Prifysgol Aberystwyth) is a public research university in Aberystwyth, Wales. Aberystwyth was a founding member institution of the former federal University of Wales. The university has over 8,000 students studying across three academic faculties and 17 departments.

Founded in 1872 as University College Wales, Aberystwyth, it became a founder member of the University of Wales in 1894, and changed its name to the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. In the mid-1990s, the university again changed its name to become the University of Wales, Aberystwyth. On 1 September 2007, the University of Wales ceased to be a federal university and Aberystwyth University became independent again. The annual income of the institution for 2024–2025 was £124.8 million of which £19.2 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £130.3 million.
2015 Open Montpellier Méditerranée Métropole Hérault – Singles
Elitsa Kostova was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Pauline Parmentier.

Top seed Lourdes Domínguez Lino won the title, defeating second seed Sílvia Soler Espinosa in an all-Spanish final, 6–4, 6–3.

Pauline Parmentier
Pauline Parmentier (French pronunciation: [pɔlin paʁmɑ̃tje, po-]; born 31 January 1986) is a French former tennis player.

Her career-high WTA singles ranking is 40, which she attained on 21 July 2008. On 30 April 2012, she peaked at No. 89 on the WTA doubles rankings. She won four singles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as ten singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. She competed in the singles and women's doubles events at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and had been playing for France in the Fed Cup since 2010, with a win–loss record of 7–14. Parmentier retired following the 2020 French Open.
WMOP
WMOP (900 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Ocala, Florida, broadcasting to the Gainesville-Ocala-Central Florida area.  It simulcasts an urban contemporary format with WRBD (1240 AM) in Gainesville.  They are owned by the Urban One Broadcasting Network headed by radio personality William Johnson.  (It is not affiliated with Urban One, Inc., based in the Washington, D.C. area.)  WMOP has studios and offices on SW 6th Avenue in Ocala.  The station is called "Power 92.1", in reference to the dial position for WRBD's FM translator.

WMOP is a Class D AM station.  By day, it is powered at 2,700 watts.  To protect other stations on 980 AM from interference, at night it reduces its power to 23 watts.  It uses a non-directional antenna.  The transmitter tower is on NE 49th Street near Old U.S. Route 301 in Ocala.

Radio masts and towers
Radio masts and towers are typically tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. There are two main types: guyed and self-supporting structures. They are among the tallest human-made structures. Masts are often named after the broadcasting organizations that originally built them or currently use them.

A mast radiator or radiating tower is one in which the metal mast or tower itself is energized and functions as the transmitting antenna.
Dichlorotetrakis(pyridine)rhodium(III) chloride
Dichlorotetrakis(pyridine)rhodium(III) chloride is the chloride salt of the coordination complex with the formula [RhCl2(pyridine)4]+.  Various hydrates are known, but all are yellow solids. The tetrahydrate initially crystallizes from water. The tetrahydrate converts to the monohydrate upon vacuum drying at 100 °C.

The hydrates of [RhCl2(pyridine)4]Cl are prepared by heating rhodium trichloride with an excess of pyridine in the presence of a catalytic amount of a reductant.

Pyridine
Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C5H5N. It is structurally related to benzene, with one methine group (=CH−) replaced by a nitrogen atom (=N−).  It is a highly flammable, weakly alkaline, water-miscible liquid with a distinctive, unpleasant fish-like smell. Pyridine is colorless, but older or impure samples can appear yellow. The pyridine ring occurs in many commercial compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Historically, pyridine was produced from coal tar. As of 2016, it is synthesized on the scale of about 20,000 tons per year worldwide.
Stéphan Grégoire
Stéphan Grégoire (born May 14, 1969 in Neufchâteau, Vosges) is a French race car driver currently living in Zionsville, Indiana.

Grégoire is a veteran of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, Rolex Sports Car Series, the Indianapolis 500, and the Indy Racing League. He made 44 IRL starts between 1996 and 2001 with a best finish of second at Pikes Peak International Raceway in 1997. In that season, he also recorded his best ever points finish of eleventh. In his six Indy 500 starts, he has a best finish of eighth in 2000. Gregoire was in an accident late in the 2000 season at the Texas Motor Speedway during a test run which caused him to have bruises to his left knee and ankle. He returned to the IRL and the "500"  for the 2006 race in a car fielded by Team Leader Motorsports and finished 29th.

Grégoire was set to return to the Indy 500 in 2007 for Chastain Motorsports, the team he drove for in 1997 and 1998. A crash in practice on May 17, ended his chances.

Grand-Am Road Racing
Grand-Am Road Racing or Grand-Am was an auto racing sanctioning body that was established in 1999 to organize road racing competitions in North America. Its primary focus was the Rolex Sports Car Series, an endurance racing championship series. It sanctioned five auto racing series. The series announced in September 2012 that it would be merging with the American Le Mans Series, which had been Grand-Am's main US competitor since its inception. The two series fully merged in 2014 under the banner of the TUDOR United SportsCar Championship, with the International Motor Sports Association.
French destroyer Fourche
Fourche was one of a dozen Bouclier-class destroyers built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. During the First World War, she escorted the battle fleet during the Battle of Antivari off the coast of Montenegro in August 1914 and escorted multiple convoys to Montenegro for the rest of the year. Fourche protected the evacuation of the Royal Serbian Army from Durazzo, Albania, in February 1916. The ship was sunk by an Austro-Hungarian submarine in June with the loss of 19 crewmen.

Principality of Albania
The Principality of Albania (Albanian: Principata e Shqipërisë) was a monarchy from 1914 to 1925. It was headed by Wilhelm, Prince of Albania, and located in modern Albania in the Balkan region of Europe. The Ottoman Empire owned the land until the First Balkan War (1912—1913), which ended in the Treaty of London that formed the principality. The Principality of Albania survived invasions during World War I (1914–1918) and subsequent disputes over Albanian independence during the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920). In 1925, the monarchy was abolished and the Albanian Republic (1925–1928), a parliamentary republic and dictatorship, was declared.
Henry Ramey Upcher
Henry Ramey Upcher was the second private lifeboat to be stationed in the English town of Sheringham in the county of Norfolk. She was launched on 4 September 1894 and stayed on station for 41 years until she was slowly retired from duty and by 1935 had ceased rescue work completely. The lifeboat is now on permanent display in her converted original boat shed.

Sheringham
Sheringham (/ˈʃɛrɪŋəm/; population 7,367) is a seaside town and civil parish in the county of Norfolk, England. The motto of the town, granted in 1953 to the Sheringham Urban District Council, is Mare Ditat Pinusque Decorat, Latin for "The sea enriches and the pine adorns".
F. W. Pomeroy
Frederick William Pomeroy RA (9 October 1856 – 26 May 1924) was a prolific British sculptor of architectural and monumental works. He became a leading sculptor in the New Sculpture movement, a group distinguished by a stylistic turn towards naturalism and for their works of architectural sculpture.  Pomeroy had several significant public works in London and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, notably in Belfast. His work in London includes the figure of Lady Justice (1905–1906) on the dome of the Old Bailey.

Architectural sculpture
Architectural sculpture is the use of sculptural techniques by an architect and/or sculptor in the design of a building, bridge, mausoleum or other such project. The sculpture is usually integrated with the structure, but freestanding works that are part of the original design are also considered to be architectural sculpture.  The concept overlaps with, or is a subset of, monumental sculpture.

It has also been defined as "an integral part of a building or sculpture created especially to decorate or embellish an architectural structure."

Architectural sculpture has been employed by builders throughout history, and in virtually every continent on earth save pre-colonial Australia.
Bergamotene
Bergamotenes are a group of isomeric chemical compounds with the molecular formula C15H24.  The bergamotenes are found in a variety of plants, particularly in their essential oils.

There are two structural isomers, α-bergamotene and β-bergamotene, which differ only by the location of a double bond.  Both of these isomers have stereoisomers, the most common of which are known as the cis and trans-isomers (or endo- and exo-isomers).

α-Bergamotene is found in the oils of carrot, bergamot, lime, citron, cottonseed, and kumquat.

Citron
The citron (Citrus medica) is a large fragrant citrus fruit with a thick, coarse rind. It resembles a lemon, but is larger. It is one of the original citrus fruits from which all other citrus types developed through natural hybrid speciation or artificial hybridization. Though citron cultivars take on a wide variety of physical forms, they are all closely related genetically. It is used in Asian and Mediterranean cuisine, traditional medicines, perfume, and religious rituals and offerings. Hybrids of citrons with other citrus are commercially more prominent, most notably lemons and many limes, were created using citrons.
Ronald Coventry
Ronald Wilfred Coventry (born 29 May 1928) is a former cricketer who played first-class cricket for Rhodesia from 1953 to 1958.

Coventry was an all-rounder, who batted at various positions in the order and often opened the bowling. He wore spectacles while playing. He made his first-class debut against the touring New Zealanders in 1953-54. In the second innings he made a quick 63, including 24 off one over from John Reid, playing shots that Reid thought resembled tennis, rather than cricket, shots. "I didn't know where to bowl," Reid admitted.

Coventry's best season was 1955-56, when he scored 213 runs for Rhodesia at an average of 30.42, including his highest score of 94 against Orange Free State, and took 16 wickets at 20.31. Rhodesia won the Currie Cup B Section title, winning all six of their matches.

According to CricketArchive he is still alive as of December 2021, but according to Cricinfo he is "presumed dead".

New Zealand cricket team in South Africa in 1953–54
The New Zealand national cricket team toured South Africa from October 1953 to February 1954 and played a five match Test series against the South Africa national cricket team. South Africa won the Test series 4–0. The tour was the first by a representative New Zealand team to South Africa and the tourists embarked on their visit without having won a Test match since they had been granted full member status of the Imperial Cricket Conference in 1930.

South Africa were captained by Jack Cheetham and New Zealand by Geoff Rabone.
Origins of the papal tiara
The origins of the papal tiara remain somewhat nebulous and clouded in mystery, first appearing in the Early Middle Ages, but developing a recognizable form in the High Middle Ages, after the Great Schism of 1054. The word tiara itself occurs in the classical annals to denote a Persian headdress, particularly that of the "great king". A camelaucum which was similar in shape to papal tiaras, was part of court dress in Byzantium; it was also inspired by the Phrygian cap, or frigium. Given that other rituals associated with the papal coronation, notably the use of the sedia gestatoria, were copied from Byzantine and eastern imperial ceremonial, it is likely that the tiara is also of Byzantine origin.

Kalimavkion
A kalimavkion (Greek: καλυμμαύχιον), kalymmavchi (καλυμμαύχι), or, by metathesis of the word's internal syllables, kamilavka (Russian: камила́вка, romanized: kamilávka), is a clerical headdress worn by Orthodox Christian and Eastern Catholic monks (in which case it is black) or awarded to clergy (in which case it may be red or purple). An approximate equivalent in the Latin Church is the biretta (Latin: biretum/birretum).

In the Byzantine Empire the term kamelaukion (καμηλ(λ)αύκιον or καμιλαύκιον) was a more general one for formal headgear, including items worn by the imperial family.
Mylopharodon hagermanensis
Mylopharodon hagermanensis is an extinct species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the family which includes the chubs, daces, Eurasian minnows and related species. This Pliocene species is found in the Hagerman Fossil Beds of the Glenns Ferry Formation.

Chub
Chub is a common fish name.  It pertains to any one of a number of ray-finned fish in several families and general. In the UK, the term chub usually refers to the species Squalius cephalus. In addition, see sea chub.
Thomas Soladay
Thomas Soladay (born August 20, 1983) is an American former professional racing cyclist, who competed professionally between 2009 and 2017 for the Team Mountain Khakis, Team Type 1 and Rally Cycling teams. He worked as the communications director for the Human Powered Health team.

He rode in the men's team time trial at the 2015 UCI Road World Championships in Richmond, Virginia.

2015 UCI Road World Championships
The 2015 UCI Road World Championships took place in Richmond, Virginia, United States from September 19–27, 2015. It was the 88th Road World Championships. Peter Sagan won the men's road race and Lizzie Armitstead won the women's road race.
Xanthoria ulophyllodes
Xanthoria ulophyllodes is a species of mostly saxicolous (corticolous-dwelling) lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 1931 by Finnish lichenologist Veli Räsänen. In North America, one vernacular name for the species is powdery sunburst lichen.

Veli Räsänen
Veli Johannes Paavo Bartholomeus Räsänen (24 August 1888 – 16 July 1953) was a Finnish lichenologist who made contributions to the study and documentation of Nordic and Baltic lichen funga. As a lecturer at various agricultural institutions and the University of Kuopio, he published extensive systematic and floristic works on lichens in Finland, Estonia, and the Petsamo region, including his comprehensive 1951 guide Suomen jäkäläkasvio (Finnish Lichens). Räsänen curated two major lichen exsiccatae collections, compiling over 1,750 specimens between 1935 and 1952, and described numerous previously unknown lichen taxa. His influence on the field is reflected in several lichen species and two genera named in his honour, and his work with mentor Edvard Vainio helped establish Finland's strong tradition in lichenology.
Asghar Seyed-Gohrab
Ali-Asghar Seyed-Ghorab (born 1968) is an Iranian literary scholar and Professor of Persian and Iranian Studies at Utrecht University. Previously, he was Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature in the Department of Middle Eastern Studies at Leiden University. He was a fellow of the Young Academy of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2023 he was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Atomic Cartoons
Atomic Cartoons, Inc. is a Canadian independent animation studio founded in 1999 by former Studio B Productions employees Trevor Bentley, Mauro Casalese and Olaf Miller alongside former Warner Bros. Animation employee Rob Davies. Based in Vancouver, British Columbia, it produces service animation for a wide variety of clients, as well as creating its own properties. Since 2015, the company has been owned by Thunderbird Entertainment.

Animation studio
An animation studio is a company producing animated media. The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce, own the physical equipment for production, employ operators for that equipment, and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced. They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created or held by the company, much like authors holding copyrights. In some early cases, they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity. Overall, they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms.
Capital punishment in Wisconsin
Capital punishment in Wisconsin was abolished in 1853. Wisconsin was one of the earliest United States jurisdictions to abolish capital punishment, and is the only state that has performed only one execution in its history.

Since its admission to the Union in 1848 as the 30th state, the only execution carried out in Wisconsin was a botched execution of immigrant farmer John McCaffary, who was hanged on August 21, 1851, in Kenosha County for drowning his wife in a backyard cistern.

Wisconsin abolished the death penalty in 1853 just two years after McCaffary's execution.

In 2006, an advisory referendum was carried out, with 55.5% of Wisconsin voters in favor of allowing capital punishment. The state legislature did not adopt any statute to implement the popular vote.

A 2013 poll by Marquette Law School showed that 46.6% of Wisconsin voters supported allowing capital punishment, while 50.5% opposed.

Marquette University Law School
Marquette University Law School is the law school of Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It is one of two law schools in Wisconsin and the only private law school in the state. Founded in 1892 as the Milwaukee Law Class, MULS is housed in Eckstein Hall on Marquette University's campus in downtown Milwaukee.
Goodbye, My Fancy (film)
Goodbye, My Fancy is a 1951 American romantic comedy film directed by Vincent Sherman, produced by Henry Blanke, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures and starring Joan Crawford, Robert Young and Frank Lovejoy. The film is based on the 1948 play of same name written by Fay Kanin, and the story was adapted for the screen by Ivan Goff and Ben Roberts. The plot follows an influential congresswoman who returns to her former college to receive an honorary degree, only to find her old flame as the university president.

Goodbye, My Fancy was the third and final cinematic collaboration between Sherman and Crawford following Harriet Craig and The Damned Don't Cry, both released in 1950.

Henry Blanke
Henry Blanke (December 30, 1901 – May 28, 1981) was a German-born film producer who also worked as an assistant director, supervisor, writer, and production manager. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture for The Nun’s Story (1959).
Australia's Next Top Model season 7
The seventh cycle of Australia's Next Top Model began airing on 8 August 2011 on Fox8.

The prizes for this cycle included a modelling contract with Chic Model Management, replacing the previous association with Priscilla's Model Management, a cash prize of $20,000 sponsored by TRESemmé, a brand new Ford Fiesta, an overseas trip to New York City to meet with NEXT Model Management, and an editorial spread along with the cover of Harper's Bazaar Australia.

The winner of the competition was 17-year-old Montana Cox from Melbourne, Victoria. This marked the final series of Australia's Next Top Model hosted by Sarah Murdoch, as she departed the show several months after the cycle's finale.

OK!
OK! is a British weekly magazine that primarily specialises in royal and celebrity news. Originally launched as a monthly magazine, its first issue was published in April 1993. In September 2004, OK! launched in Australia as a monthly title – the magazine went weekly in October 2006. In 2005, an American version was launched, followed by an Indian edition in May 2006, a Spanish-language version in Mexico in 2006, a Bulgarian-language version in 2007 and a Spanish edition in 2008.
United States v. One Tyrannosaurus Bataar Skeleton
United States v. One Tyrannosaurus Bataar Skeleton (1:13−cv−00857) is a 2013 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York judgment regarding a requested order from the United States government to seize an imported Mongolian Tarbosaurus (referred to as a Tyrannosaurus bataar in the case title) skeleton related to smuggling law and the applicability of Mongolian law in the United States.

The form of the styling of this case—the defendant being an object, rather than a legal person—is because this is a jurisdiction in rem (power over objects) case, rather than the more familiar in personam (over persons) case.

Legal person
In law, a legal person is any person or legal entity that can do the things a human person is usually able to do in law – such as enter into contracts, sue and be sued, own property, and so on. The reason for the term "legal person" is that some legal persons are not human persons: companies and corporations (i.e., business entities) are persons, legally speaking (they can legally do most of the things an ordinary person can do), but they are not, in a literal sense, human beings.

Legal personhood is a prerequisite to legal capacity (the ability of any legal person to amend – i.e. enter into, transfer, etc. – rights and obligations): it is a prerequisite for an international organization being able to sign international treaties in its own name.