hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Feuer (surname)
Feuer is the German language word for fire. From its origins, the word "feuer" has made its way into contemporary use as a family name.

According to Israel's Diaspora Museum, the surname indicates that the ancestors of those bearing this name were the "shedders of light and wisdom" on their villages.

People so named include:

Cy Feuer (1911–2006), American theatre producer, director, composer, and musician

Debra Feuer (born 1959), American actress

Donya Feuer (1934–2011), American dancer, choreographer, theater director and filmmaker

Eduard Feuer (born 1936), mechanical engineer and entrepreneur

Ian Feuer (born 1971), American former professional soccer player

Jane Feuer (fl. 1980s–2010s), American professor of film studies

Lewis Samuel Feuer (1912–2002), American sociologist

Mike Feuer (born 1958), American politician and lawyer

Zach Feuer (fl. 2000s–2010s), founding member of the Zach Feuer Gallery

Eduard Feuer
Eduard Feuer (born 1936) is a German-American mechanical engineer and Imagineer.  His most notable works as project engineer are the American Adventure and World of Motion pavilions for Walt Disney's EPCOT Center (now known as Epcot), the Disneyland Mark V and Walt Disney World Mark IV monorails, as well as the Great Bronze Doors of the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels in Los Angeles, California.

Feuer co-founded Ride & Show Engineering, Inc. in 1984 with Bill Watkins the Chief Mechanical Engineer at WED Enterprises (renamed Walt Disney Imagineering in 1986).
Human rights violations by the CIA
This article deals with the activities of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) of the federal government of the United States that constitute violations of human rights.

The CIA has been involved in numerous actions which have been characterized as human rights violations or as contributing to human rights violations. Such actions include the training of paramilitary units and death squads, the maintenance of black sites across the world, and the use of torture tactics.

Director of Central Intelligence
The director of central intelligence (DCI) was the head of the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) from 1946 to 2004, acting as the principal intelligence advisor to the president of the United States and the United States National Security Council, as well as the coordinator of intelligence activities among and between the various United States intelligence agencies (collectively known as the United States Intelligence Community from 1981 onwards).

The office existed from January 1946 to December 17, 2004. After the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act it was replaced by the director of national intelligence (DNI) as head of the Intelligence Community and the director of the Central Intelligence Agency (D/CIA) as head of the CIA.
Visit Me
Visit Me is the third studio album by American R&B duo Changing Faces. It was released by Atlantic Records on October 10, 2000, in the United States. Members Cassandra Lucas and Charisse Rose worked with a variety of producers on the album, including R. Kelly, Bryan-Michael Cox, Jazze Pha, Bryce Wilson, and singer Joe. Guest vocalists include rappers Queen Pen and B.R.E.T.T., singer-producer Malik Pendleton, and singer Lil Mo.

Upon release, Visit Me earned generally positive reviews from music critics. It peaked at number 9 on the US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 46 on the US Billboard Hot 100, their lowest entries on both charts up to then. The album spawned the singles "That Other Woman" and "Ladies' Man"; the former reached the top five of the US Dance Club Songs. The album also includes the first studio release of "Come Over." A version recorded by Aaliyah appeared on the singer's posthumous compilation album I Care 4 U (2002).

Lil' Mo
Cynthia Karen Loving (born November 19, 1978), known professionally as Lil' Mo, is an American R&B singer. She is best known for her 2001 single "Superwoman Pt. II" (featuring Fabolous), which peaked at number 11 on the Billboard Hot 100 and is credited with launching Fabolous' career. Regarded as Missy Elliott's protégé, Elliott guest appeared on Lil Mo's 1998 debut single "5 Minutes", which was released for the Why Do Fools Fall in Love film soundtrack. The following year, Lil' Mo appeared alongside Nas, Eve, and Q-Tip on Elliott's 1999 single "Hot Boyz". She guest performed alongside Vita on Ja Rule's 2000 singles "Put It on Me", as well as his 2001 single "I Cry", the former of which was nominated for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the 44th Annual Grammy Awards.
2004 Kremlin Cup – Men's doubles
Mahesh Bhupathi and Max Mirnyi were the defending champions, but did not play together this year.  Bhupathi partnered Jonas Björkman, losing in the final.  Mirnyi partnered Marat Safin, withdrawing from the quarterfinals.

Igor Andreev and Nikolay Davydenko won the title, defeating Bhupathi and Björkman 3–6, 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Max Mirnyi
Maksim Mikalaevich "Max" Mirnyi (born 6 July 1977) is a Belarusian former professional tennis player.

Mirnyi became a doubles specialist following his singles career, in which he reached a career-high of World No. 18 (August 2003) and finished in the top 50 in the world for seven straight years despite only winning one ATP singles title (2003 Rotterdam Open). He represented Belarus in Davis Cup competition from April 1994, where he holds a record of 47 wins and 27 losses in 35 ties played. He reached the World No. 1 doubles ranking in June 2003 and won ten Grand Slam titles: Men's doubles in the 2000 and 2002 US Open and the 2005, 2006, 2011 and 2012 French Open; and mixed doubles in the 1998, 2007, and 2013 U.S. Opens and 1998 Wimbledon.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Mirnyi carried the flag of Belarus at the Opening Ceremony on 27 July 2012, and won the gold medal in the mixed doubles with Victoria Azarenka on 5 August 2012.

His nickname is "The Beast of Belarus".
William Small (artist)
William Small, (27 May 1843 – 1929) was a Scottish illustrator and artist.  His works are held by art galleries in Leicester, Liverpool, London and Manchester and his illustrations in noted periodicals including: Once a week, Good Words, The Graphic and Harpers.  The Metropolitan Museum of Art describes him as being considered the most successful illustrator of his time. His style is typically Victorian, and sometimes connected with the Idyllic school.

Once a Week (magazine)
Once A Week was a British weekly illustrated literary magazine published by Bradbury & Evans from 1859 to 1880. According to John Sutherland, "historically the magazine's main achievement was to provide an outlet for [an] innovative group of illustrators [in] the 1860s."
United States v. Navajo Nation (2009)
United States v. Navajo Nation, 556 U.S. 287 (2009) was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Navajo Nation initiated proceedings in the Court of Federal Claims alleging that when they sought the assistance of the United States Secretary of the Interior to renegotiate their original leasing agreement with the Peabody Coal Company in 1984, a procedural process defined by the 1964 Indian Mineral Leasing Act (IMLA) of 1938, the United States Secretary of the Interior had been improperly influenced by the coal company, and as a result, had breached his fiduciary duty to the Nation when he approved the 1987 lease amendments.

Indian Mineral Leasing Act
The Indian Mineral Leasing Act (IMLA) was a 1938 United States law. It was passed on May 11, 1938, by the 75th United States Congress.

The Act made it so that after May 11, 1938, unallotted lands within Indian reservations or lands owned by Native Americans under Federal jurisdiction could, with the approval of the Secretary of the Interior, be leased for mining purposes by the authority of the tribal council or other authorized spokesmen for the Native Americans, for indefinite terms ("as long as minerals are produced in paying quantities").

The IMLA was enacted in response to decades of exploitative mineral leasing on Native lands. Before this Act, tribes had little to no control over these terms. The Act aimed to give tribes greater authority over their natural resources.
XOK
XOK is the third studio album by Canadian alternative country band NQ Arbuckle. It was released on June 10, 2008, on Six Shooter Records.

The album received generally favourable reviews, and was nominated for the Roots & Traditional Album of the Year (Group) at the 2009 Juno Awards.

NQ Arbuckle
NQ Arbuckle is a Canadian alternative country band based in Toronto, Ontario, consisting of Montreal-born Neville Quinlan (the NQ of the band's name), Mark Kesper, Peter Kesper, John Dinsmore and Jason Sniderman.
Cancer Research Wales
Cancer Research Wales (CRW; Welsh: Ymchwil Canser Cymru) is a Welsh independent cancer research charity. Founded in 1966 as the South Wales Cancer Research Council, it has since raised £30 million towards cancer research in Wales. It has 15 retail locations across Wales.

The Cardiff-based charity launched the Brain Tumour Research Initiative (BATRI) in 2024, the first brain tumour research hub in Wales, and organised the country's first brain tumour conference.

It adopted its current name in 1990 to expand its remit from covering only South Wales to cover all of Wales. It further rebranded in 2022, as part of efforts to raise its profile, promote bilingualism, and set it apart from Cancer Research UK which it is unrelated to.

Cancer research
Cancer research is research into cancer to identify causes and develop strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and cure.

Cancer research ranges from epidemiology, molecular bioscience to the performance of clinical trials to evaluate and compare applications of the various cancer treatments. These applications include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy and combined treatment modalities such as chemo-radiotherapy. Starting in the mid-1990s, the emphasis in clinical cancer research shifted towards therapies derived from biotechnology research, such as cancer immunotherapy and gene therapy.

Cancer research is done in academia, research institutes, and corporate environments, and is largely government funded.
Casaubon
Casaubon /kəˈsɔːbən/ is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Isaac Casaubon (1559–1614), French classical scholar

Méric Casaubon (1599–1671), French-English classical scholar, son of Isaac

Marcelo Ebrard Casaubón (born 1959), head of government of the Mexican Federal District

Méric Casaubon
Meric Casaubon (14 August 1599 – 14 July 1671) was an English classical scholar. He was the first to translate the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius into English. He was the son of Isaac Casaubon.

Although biographical dictionaries (including the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition) commonly accentuate his name to Méric, he himself did not do so.
Peacock monitor
The peacock monitor (Varanus auffenbergi), also known commonly as Auffenberg's monitor, is a species of small monitor lizard in the family Varanidae. The species, which belongs to the subgenus Odatria, is endemic to Rote Island, Indonesia.

Rote Island
Rote Island (Indonesian: Pulau Rote, also called Roti) is an island of Indonesia, part of the East Nusa Tenggara province of the Lesser Sunda Islands. According to legend, this island got its name accidentally when a lost Portuguese sailor arrived and asked a farmer where he was. The surprised farmer, who could not speak Portuguese, introduced himself, "Rote". About 80% of the people of Rote Island in Indonesia are Christian. Christianity is an important part of the community.
John Coleman (musician)
John A. Coleman (born 9 August 1934) is a British conductor and music arranger.

Coleman started his work as a conductor in 1968 in Val Guest's film Assignment K. He was music supervisor for the 1968 films The Strange Affair and Negatives, and went on to become musical director for The Les Dawson Show (1979). Coleman has conducted the United Kingdom entries for the Eurovision Song Contest on five occasions: 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984 and 1985.

Music supervisor
A music supervisor is a person who combines music and visual media. According to the Guild of Music Supervisors, a music supervisor is “a qualified professional who oversees all music related aspects of film, television, advertising, video games and other existing or emerging visual media platforms as required.” In the musical theatre industry, a music supervisor is often responsible for managing a team of music directors working on any number of musical productions. In visual productions, the music supervisor usually works with the directors, writers or producers to choose which songs are best suited for the scenes.
20th arrondissement of Paris
The 20th arrondissement of Paris (known in French as the XXe arrondissement de Paris or simply as "le vingtième") is the last of the consecutively numbered arrondissements of the capital city of France. Also known as Ménilmontant (pronounced [menilmɔ̃tɑ̃]) after the Ménilmontant neighbourhood it encompasses in its northwest, it is on the right bank of the River Seine and contains some of the city's most cosmopolitan districts. It covers four quarters: Belleville, Saint-Fargeau, Père-Lachaise and Charonne. In 2019, it had a population of 194,994.

The 20th arrondissement is internationally best known for its Père Lachaise Cemetery, the world's most-visited cemetery where one can find the tombs of a number of famous people, such as Édith Piaf, Jim Morrison and Eugène Delacroix.

Arrondissements of Paris
The City of Paris is divided into twenty arrondissements municipaux, administrative districts, referred to as arrondissements (French: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ). These are not to be confused with departmental arrondissements, which subdivide the larger French departments.

The number of the arrondissement is indicated by the last two digits in most Parisian postal codes, 75001 up to 75020. In addition to their number, each arrondissement has a name, often for a local monument. For example, the 5th arrondissement is also called "Panthéon" in reference to the eponymous building. The first four arrondissements have a shared administration, called Paris Centre.
Newport Apartments
The Newport Apartments on Seventh Street in Devils Lake, North Dakota were built in 1929.  They were designed in Bungalow/Craftsman style by Devils Lake architect John Marshall.  They were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

It "represents the only known private commission by Devils Lake local architect, John Marshall, and is an excellent representative
of the style.": 6

Devils Lake, North Dakota
Devils Lake is a city in and the county seat of Ramsey County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 7,192 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 7,314 in 2024. It is named after the nearby lake called Devils Lake. The first house built by a Euro-American settler was in 1882. It was surveyed in 1883 and named Creelsburg and later Creel City, after the surveyor, Heber M. Creel. In 1884 it was renamed Devils Lake.

The local paper is the Devils Lake Journal. Devils Lake Municipal Airport serves the city. Devils Lake is home to Lake Region State College and the North Dakota School for the Deaf.
Sir John Beaumont, 1st Baronet
Sir John Beaumont, 1st Baronet (c.1582/3 – April 1627) of Grace Dieu in the parish of Belton in Leicestershire, England, was a poet best known for his work Bosworth Field (a poem about the Battle of Bosworth Field).

Pembroke College, Oxford
Pembroke College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford, is located on Pembroke Square, Oxford. The college was founded in 1624 by King James I of England and VI of Scotland, using in part the endowment of merchant Thomas Tesdale, and was named after William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke, Lord Chamberlain and then-Chancellor of the University.

Like many Oxford colleges, Pembroke previously accepted men only, admitting its first mixed-sex cohort in 1979. As of 2020, Pembroke had an estimated financial endowment of £58.9 million. Pembroke College provides almost the full range of study available at Oxford University.

A former Senior President of Tribunals and Lord Justice of Appeal, Sir Ernest Ryder, has held the post of Master of Pembroke since 2020.
Spirit River Formation
The Spirit River Formation is a stratigraphic unit of middle Albian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from the Spirit River, and was first described in Imperial Oil Spirit River No. 1 well by Badgley in 1952.

Stratigraphic unit
A stratigraphic unit is a volume of rock of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable petrographic, lithologic or paleontologic features (facies) that characterize it.

Units must be mappable and distinct from one another, but the contact need not be particularly distinct. For instance, a unit may be defined by terms such as "when the sandstone component exceeds 75%".
Gijon Robinson
Gijon Milque Robinson (born October 12, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end and fullback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Missouri Western Griffons and was signed by the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League as an undrafted free agent in 2007. He currently resides in Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri and attended high school at Waynesville High School.

Waynesville School District
The Waynesville R-VI Reorganized School District (also known as the Waynesville R-VI School District) is a school district in the Missouri Ozarks and the largest school district in Pulaski County. The school district current provides education services to the communities of Fort Leonard Wood, St. Robert, and almost all of Waynesville.
Epineri Vula
Epineri Vula (died 27 April 1988) was a Fijian lawyer and politician. He served as a member of the Senate from 1982 to 1987, and as a Supreme Court justice from 1987 until his death the following year.

Senate of Fiji
The Senate of Fiji was the upper chamber of Parliament. It was abolished by the 2013 Constitution of Fiji, after a series of military coups. It was the less powerful of the two chambers; it could not initiate legislation, but could amend or veto it.  The Senate's powers over financial bills were more restricted: it could veto them in their entirety, but could not amend them.  The House of Representatives could override a senatorial veto by passing the bill a second time in the parliamentary session immediately following the one in which it was rejected by the Senate, after a minimum period of six months.  Amendments to the Constitution were excepted: the veto of the Senate was absolute.  Following the passage of a bill by the House of Representatives, the Senate had 21 days (7 days in the case of a bill classified as "urgent") to approve, amend, or reject it; if at the expiry of that period the Senate had done nothing about it, it was deemed to have passed the bill.
Xylophagaidae
Xylophagaidae is a family of marine bivalves. They are woodboring molluscs similar to shipworms and range from the sublittoral zone to the deep sea.

Xylophagaidae was first recognized as a subfamily Xylophagainae with the family Pholadidae.

Neritic zone
The neritic zone (or sublittoral zone) is the relatively shallow part of the ocean above the drop-off of the continental shelf, approximately 200 meters (660 ft) in depth.
From the point of view of marine biology it forms a relatively stable and well-illuminated environment for marine life, from plankton up to large fish and corals, while physical oceanography sees it as where the oceanic system interacts with the coast.
Cholagogue
A cholagogue is a substance that is purported by humoral practitioners to encourage the discharge of bile from the system, purging it downward. Deployment is no longer recommended because the biliary purge, like the traditional kidney purge, can cause pancreatic problems.

In Patrick O'Brian's Post Captain (Ch. 10), which is set in the Napoleonic era, Stephen Maturin, one of the book's main characters (who is also a physician, naturalist and spy) sits in the snug of the Rose and Crown in Deal, Kent, and drinks a "good" tea described as an "unrivalled cholagogue".

Cyclovalone is a choleretic and cholagogic agent.

Deal, Kent
Deal is a coastal town in Kent, England, which lies where the North Sea and the English Channel meet, 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Dover and 8 miles (13 km) south of Ramsgate. It is a former fishing, mining and garrison town whose history is closely linked to the anchorage in the Downs. Close to Deal is Walmer, a possible location for Julius Caesar's first arrival in Britain.

Deal became a 'limb port' of the Cinque Ports in 1278 and grew into the busiest port in England; today it is a seaside resort, its streets and houses a reminder of its history along with many ancient buildings and monuments. In 1968, Middle Street was the first conservation area in Kent. The coast of France is approximately 25 miles (40 km) from the town and is visible on clear days. Deal Castle is a device fort commissioned by then-King, Henry VIII.
Timeline of women's suffrage in Kentucky
This is a timeline of women's suffrage in Kentucky. Kentucky was one of the first states to allow women to vote in a limited fashion on tax and school issues as early as 1838. Efforts to curb African American women from voting led to the repeal of school suffrage in the state. Laura Clay and other suffragists continued to lobby and work towards a state suffrage amendment. Later, most Kentucky suffragists would support the Nineteenth Amendment which was ratified by Kentucky on January 6, 1920.

Anna Howard Shaw
Anna Howard Shaw (February 14, 1847 – July 2, 1919) was a leader of the women's suffrage movement in the United States. She was also a physician and one of the first women to be ordained as a Methodist minister in the United States.
WASP-64
WASP-64, also named Atakoraka, is a star about 1,177 light-years away in the constellation Canis Major. It is a G7 class main-sequence star, orbited by a planet WASP-64b. It is younger than the Sun at 3.6±1.6 billion years, and it has a metal abundance similar to the Sun. The star is rotating rapidly, being spun up by the giant planet in a close orbit.

While an imaging survey in 2017 failed to find any stellar companions, a 2019 survey using Gaia DR2 data found WASP-64 to be the secondary component of a double star system, with a wide separation of 24.2 arcseconds or 9,058 AU. The primary star is designated TYC 7091-1288-1, and can also be called WASP-64 A, with the planet host being WASP-64 B. Although the stars share a similar distance and common proper motion, their relative space velocity appears to be high enough that the pair are not gravitationally bound.

NameExoWorlds
NameExoWorlds (also known as IAU NameExoWorlds) were various projects managed by the International Astronomical Union (I.A.U.) to encourage names to be submitted for astronomical objects, notably exoplanets. The accepted names would later be considered for official adoption by the organization.