hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Rapée
George Nicholas Rapée (May 22, 1915 – April 1, 1999) was an American bridge player. From 1942 to 1980 he was the most successful player in the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) in its three most important teams-of-four tournaments, the Vanderbilt, Spingold, and Reisinger. He played on the American teams that won the first three Bermuda Bowls, 1950 to 1953.

Rosenblum Cup
Rosenblum Cup is an Open Teams event held every four years as part of the World Bridge Championships. The event was added to the world championships in New Orleans in 1978 to commemorate Julius Rosenblum, who served as president of the World Bridge Federation (WBF) until 1976. A similar event for women, the McConnell Cup, which takes place alongside the Rosenblum Cup was added in 1994.

The full name of this championship is World Open Knockout Teams. The knockout format pertains only to the late stages, however, evidently a six-round knockout with 64 teams in recent renditions. It appears that the field has been divided into sixteen groups for round-robin play, with the top four advancing from each group to the knockout stage.
George Warren Wood
George Warren Wood (known professionally as George W. Wood) (1814–1901) was a Presbyterian minister and missionary who became the secretary of the Congregationalist American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. He was an early missionary to Armenia under Cyrus Hamlin.

His son, also named George Warren Wood, was also a Presbyterian reverend and missionary.

Elizabeth, New Jersey
Elizabeth is a city in and the county seat of Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the city retained its ranking as the state's fourth-most-populous city behind neighboring Newark, Jersey City and Paterson, with a population of 137,298, an increase of 12,329 (+9.9%) from the 2010 census count of 124,969, which in turn reflected an increase of 4,401 (3.7%) from the 120,568 counted in the 2000 census.

The Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 140,413 for 2024, making it the 201st-most populous city in the nation and the fifth-most populous municipality of any type in the state, falling behind Lakewood Township.
Crocota peletieraria
Crocota peletieraria, the pale dyer, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel in 1830. It is found in France and Spain.

The wingspan is 26–35 mm for males and 22–28 mm for females.

The larvae feed on Trifolium, Taraxacum, Plantago, Rumex, Lotus corniculatus and Achillea species (including Achillea ptarmica).

Achillea
Achillea /ækɪˈliːə/ is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The plants typically have frilly leaves and are known colloquially as yarrows, although this common name usually refers to A. millefolium. The genus was named after the Greek mythological character Achilles, whose soldiers were said to have used yarrow to treat their wounds; this is reflected by common names such as allheal and bloodwort. The genus is native primarily to Eurasia and North America.
Hege Nerland
Hege Nerland (27 October 1966 – 12 March 2007) was a Norwegian politician for the Socialist Left Party.

In 2003 she helped found the local party chapter in her native Hemsedal. She worked with organic farming there, and had organizational experience from the Norwegian Farmers and Smallholders Union and Via Campesina. She was elected to the municipality council the same year, and became deputy mayor of Hemsedal. Following the 2005 Norwegian parliamentary election, she served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Buskerud. In November 2006, however, she had to relinquish her political positions due to illness. She died four months later.

Norwegian Farmers and Smallholders Union
The Norwegian Farmers and Smallholders Union (Norwegian: Norsk Bonde- og Småbrukarlag) is an interest organization for farmers in Norway.

It is a labour union and a trade union, founded in 1913, and negotiates with the Norwegian Agrarian Association against the Norwegian Ministry of Labour and Social Inclusion about agricultural subsidies.

Its secretary-general is Vilde Haarsaker, and its chair is Tor Jacob Solberg. It has 7,000 members, with 260 local chapters and 18 county chapters. The headquarters are in Oslo and the newsletter is Bonde og Småbruker.
The Duchess of Malfi (opera)
The Duchess of Malfi is an opera in three acts by the British composer Stephen Oliver, based on the  eponymous play by John Webster.  Oliver originally wrote this opera, his ninth in 1971, at age 21, for a production at the Oxford Playhouse on commission from the Oxford University Opera Club.  The premiere was on November 23, 1971, with the following cast members:

Jillian Crowe (The Duchess)

Keith Jones (Antonio)

Marion Milford (Julia)

Peter Reynolds (The Cardinal)

Stephen Oliver (Bosola)

Anthony Sargent (Ferdinand)

Alison Stamp (Cariola)

The conductor was Peter Robinson, and the director Julian Hope.

Oliver then rewrote the work, and the revised version received its US premiere at Santa Fe Opera on August 5, 1978.

Santa Fe Opera
Santa Fe Opera (SFO) is an American opera company, located 7 miles (11 km) north of Santa Fe, New Mexico. After creating the Opera Association of New Mexico in 1956, its founding director, John Crosby, oversaw the building of the first opera house on a newly acquired former guest ranch of 199 acres (0.81 km2). The company has presented operas each summer festival season since July 1957, and is internationally known for introducing new operas as well as for its productions of the standard operatic repertoire. Five operas are presented each season during the summer.

Since its inception, Santa Fe Opera has staged 45 American premieres and 19 world premieres, including Emmeline, The Tempest, The (R)evolution of Steve Jobs, Adriana Mater, and Cold Mountain.
Bancoult v. McNamara
Bancoult v. McNamara, 445 F.3d 427 (D.C. Cir. 2006), was a legal case in which Olivier Bancoult sued Robert McNamara, the former United States Secretary of Defense, challenging the removal of Chagosians from Diego Garcia when the United States of America built a military base in the British Indian Ocean Territory.  The Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit ruled that the case raised nonjusticiable political questions and dismissed the case.

Justiciability
Justiciability concerns the limits upon legal issues over which a court can exercise its judicial authority. It includes, but is not limited to, the legal concept of standing, which is used to determine if the party bringing the suit is a party appropriate to establishing whether an actual adversarial issue exists. Essentially, justiciability seeks to address whether a court possesses the ability to provide adequate resolution of the dispute; where a court believes that it cannot offer such a final determination, the matter is not justiciable.
Peter Churchill
Peter Morland Churchill, DSO Croix de Guerre (14 January 1909 – 1 May 1972) was a British Special Operations Executive (SOE) officer in France during the Second World War. His wartime operations, which resulted in his capture and imprisonment in German concentration camps and his subsequent marriage to fellow SOE officer Odette Sansom, received considerable attention after the war, including a 1950 film.

On 29th December 2024 he was inducted into the Spengler Cup Ice Hockey Hall of Fame in Davos, Switzerland, in recognition of his exceptional ice hockey playing in the 1930s and will be represented in the ice hockey museum there.

Lake Annecy
Lake Annecy (French: Lac d'Annecy, [lak dansi]) is a perialpine lake in Haute-Savoie in France. It is named after the city of Annecy, which marks the start of the Thiou, Lake Annecy's outflow river.: 958

The lake is at 1,465 feet (447 m) feet above sea level. At approximately 9 by 2 miles (14 by 3 km), it is the third-largest lake in France, after the Lac du Bourget and Lac de Grand-Lieu, if the French part of Lake Geneva, which is shared between Switzerland and France, is excluded. It is a popular tourist destination known for its swimming and water sports.

The lake was formed about 18,000 years ago, at the time the large alpine glaciers melted. It is fed by many small rivers from the surrounding mountains (Ire, Eau morte, Laudon, Bornette and Biolon) and a powerful underwater source, the Boubioz, at an 82-metre depth (269 ft).
Vorotynsky
The Vorotynsky family was a Russian noble family which was involved in the politics of the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Tsardom of Russia. Their lands lay principally in the Upper Oka region and comprised the towns of Peremyshl and Vorotynsk as well as parts (дольницы) of Novosil and Odoyev.

Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after victory over Sweden in 1721.
Hepatus pudibundus
Hepatus pudibundus, the flecked box crab, is a crab from the class Malacostraca. They are found in the Atlantic Ocean with Brazil having a dense population of H. pudibundus, as they are one of the most commonly seen crabs in the country. Many of the studies done on H. pudibubus have occurred in the Ubatuba region of Brazil, where there is a rapid expansion of tourism that is affecting marine ecosystems.

Ubatuba
Ubatuba is a Brazilian municipality, located on the northeast coast, in the state of São Paulo. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte. The population is 92,819 (2021 est.) in an area of 723.88 km2, of which 83% is located in the Serra do Mar State Park.

Ubatuba is one of fifteen municipalities in São Paulo that the state considers to be coastal resorts because they satisfy specific standards set by state legislation. This classification entitles these communities more money from the state for the development of regional tourism. In addition, the municipality gains the right to add the title of seaside resort to its name, a word used both in the official municipal file and in state references.
Stacy Lewis
Stacy Lewis (born February 16, 1985) is an American professional golfer on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She has won two major championships: the Kraft Nabisco Championship in 2011 and the Women's British Open in 2013. She was ranked number one in the Women's World Golf Rankings for four weeks in 2013, and reclaimed the position in June 2014 with a victory at the ShopRite LPGA Classic for another 21 weeks.

Solheim Cup
The Solheim Cup is a biennial golf tournament for professional women golfers contested by teams representing Europe and the United States. It is named after the Norwegian-American golf club manufacturer Karsten Solheim, who was a driving force behind its creation.

The inaugural Cup was held in 1990, and the event was first staged in even numbered years until 2002, alternating years with the Ryder Cup (the equivalent men's event).  As part of the general reshuffling of team golf events after the one-year postponement of the 2001 Ryder Cup following the September 11 attacks, the Solheim Cup switched to odd numbered years beginning in 2003. Another reshuffle of team golf events took place in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Solheim Cup returned to even numbered years beginning in 2024.

The United States teams have won the cup eleven times, compared with eight for Europe. The current holders are the US, who regained the cup with a 15.5–12.5 win in 2024.
Yvon Bertin
Yvon Bertin (born 9 April 1953 in Nantes, France) is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He was professional from 1975 to 1982 where he won 11 victories. He wore the yellow jersey for one day in the 1980 Tour de France. Victories included Grand Prix d'Isbergues in 1976, Grand Prix des Rennes 1979 and two stages and overall victory in the Route du Sud of 1979.

General classification in the Tour de France
The general classification of the Tour de France is the most important classification of the race and determines the winner of the race. Since 1919, the leader of the general classification has worn the yellow jersey (French: maillot jaune [majo ʒon]).
Black Rock Desert volcanic field
The Black Rock Desert volcanic field in Millard County, Utah, is a cluster of several volcanic features of the Great Basin including Pahvant Butte, The Cinders, and Tabernacle Hill. The field's Ice Springs event was an explosive eruption followed by lava flows that were Utah's most recent volcanic activity (1140–1440 AD). which overlapped the older flows of Pavant Butte.

The Pleistocene-Holocene field has been an active tectonic area for approximately 2.7 million years. Within the past 1.5 million years, local volcanism has produced both rhyolitic and basaltic cones from near twenty-four vents from which lava escapes through geologic faults.

Rhyolite
Rhyolite (/ˈraɪ.əlaɪt/ RY-ə-lyte) is the most silica-rich of volcanic rocks. It is generally glassy or fine-grained (aphanitic) in texture, but may be porphyritic, containing larger mineral crystals (phenocrysts) in an otherwise fine-grained groundmass. The mineral assemblage is predominantly quartz, sanidine, and plagioclase. It is the extrusive equivalent of granite.

Its high silica content makes rhyolitic magma extremely viscous. This favors explosive eruptions over effusive eruptions, so this type of magma is more often erupted as pyroclastic rock than as lava flows. Rhyolitic ash-flow tuffs are among the most voluminous of continental igneous rock formations.

Rhyolitic tuff has been used extensively for construction. Obsidian, which is rhyolitic volcanic glass, has been used for tools from prehistoric times to the present day because it can be shaped to an extremely sharp edge. Rhyolitic pumice finds use as an abrasive, in concrete, and as a soil amendment.
Thomas Baldwin (philosopher)
Thomas R. Baldwin (born 1947) is a British philosopher and has been a professor of philosophy at the University of York since 1995. He has written generally on 20th century analytic and Continental philosophy, as well as bioethics, the philosophy of language and of mind, particularly with regard to G. E. Moore, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Bertrand Russell.

Philosophy of language
Philosophy of language is the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, indexicality, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.

Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell were pivotal figures in analytic philosophy's "linguistic turn". These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
West London Free School
The West London Free School is an English free school for girls and boys aged 11 to 18. It was co-founded by Toby Young and opened in 2011.

It is located in Hammersmith in west London and was the first free school of its type in England to sign a Funding Agreement with the Secretary of State for Education.

The West London Free School offers children a classical liberal education and is a music specialist school, with more than half the pupils learning a musical instrument. Its production of Sweeney Todd in the summer of 2015 enjoyed a short, sell-out run at the Bush Theatre.

In 2025 the school was named the Comprehensive Secondary School of the Year in London by The Times after climbing 41 places in national league tables to 75th.

Bush Theatre
The Bush Theatre is located in the Passmore Edwards Public Library, Shepherd's Bush, in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. It was established in 1972 as a showcase for the work of new writers.
Lembo
Lembo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alejandro Lembo (born 1978), Uruguayan footballer

Cláudio Lembo (born 1934), Brazilian lawyer, politician and academic

Kevin Lembo, American politician

Pete Lembo (born 1970), American football player and coach

Steve Lembo (1926–1989), American baseball player

Kevin Lembo
Kevin P. Lembo (born September 6, 1963) is a Democratic elected official who served as the Connecticut State Comptroller, the statewide elected official responsible for reporting on state finances, administering health care plans for public employees and retirees, and paying the state's bills. He took office on January 5, 2011 and resigned effective December 31, 2021. Lembo is the first openly gay individual to be elected to statewide office in Connecticut.
2015 Croatia Open Umag
The 2015 Croatia Open Umag  (also known as the Konzum Croatia Open Umag for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 26th edition of the Croatia Open, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2015 ATP World Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Center in Umag, Croatia, from 20 July through 26 July 2015. Fourth-seeded Dominic Thiem won the singles title.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
Ridgeway, Tasmania
Ridgeway is a suburb in Hobart, Tasmania Australia. It is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south-west of the Hobart central business district. The 2016 census recorded a population of 175. .

In Ridgeway there are two plant nurseries (Plants of Tasmania Nursery and Island Bonsai), and a small number of homes. Prior to the 1967 bushfires, Ridgeway was a market garden area with its own school and church. There also used to be another nursery next to Plants of Tasmania.

1967 Tasmanian fires
The 1967 Tasmanian fires were an Australian natural disaster which occurred on 7 February 1967, an event which came to be known as the Black Tuesday bushfires. They were the most deadly bushfires that Tasmania has ever experienced, leaving 64 people dead, 900 injured and over seven thousand homeless.
Michelle Sagara
Michelle Michiko Sagara (born May 5, 1963) is a Canadian author of fantasy literature, active since the early 1990s. She has published as Michelle Sagara, as Michelle West (using her husband's surname) and as Michelle Sagara West. Sagara has received two nominations for the John W. Campbell Award.

She lives in Toronto and is employed part-time at Bakka-Phoenix, a local bookstore.

DAW Books
DAW Books is an American science fiction and fantasy publisher, founded by Donald A. Wollheim,  with his wife, Elsie B. Wollheim, following his departure from Ace Books in 1971. The company claims to be "the first publishing company ever devoted exclusively to science fiction and fantasy." The first DAW Book published was the 1972 short story collection Spell of the Witch World by Andre Norton.
Harbor Island, Newport Beach
Harbor Island is a small artificial island in Newport Beach, California. Newport Harbor is a semi-artificial harbor that was formed by dredging an estuary during the early 1900s. Several artificial islands were built, including Harbor Island, now covered with about thirty private homes. It is a gated community and is home to many very expensive homes. Every home is along one street, Harbor Island Road, and each plot has waterfront access with one or more boat docks. Notable residents include George Argyros, Donald Bren, and Bill Gross.

Donald Bren
Donald Leroy Bren (born May 11, 1932)  is an American billionaire businessman. He is the chairman and owner of the Irvine Company, a U.S. real estate development corporation. With a net worth of $19 billion, he ranks number 104 on the 2024 Forbes Billionaires List.
1984 US Open – Men's singles
John McEnroe defeated Ivan Lendl in the final, 6–3, 6–4, 6–1 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1984 US Open. It was his fourth US Open singles title and seventh and last major singles title overall. It was Lendl's third consecutive runner-up finish at the US Open.

Jimmy Connors was the two-time defending champion, but was defeated by McEnroe in the semifinals, in the last match between the pair at a major singles tournament.

Connors–McEnroe rivalry
Jimmy Connors and John McEnroe had a tennis rivalry, playing 34 times between 1977 and 1991. Their head-to-head was 20–14, favoring McEnroe.

Connors and McEnroe played again in the late 1990s and the early 2000s on the senior tour. With regard to their matches, Connors has stated, "Something like that never goes away, especially between Mac and myself...To have carried on this rivalry for so many years, and for you still to be talking about it, must mean that we made our mark somewhere." This rivalry is said to have been one of the most contentious and embittered in all of tennis history.
SMS Scorpion (1860)
SMS Scorpion was a steam gunboat of the Jäger class built for the Prussian Navy in the late 1850s and early 1860s. The ship was ordered as part of a program to strengthen Prussia's coastal defense forces, then oriented against neighboring Denmark. She was armed with a battery of three guns. The ship saw very little activity during her career. She was activated during the Second Schleswig War against Denmark in 1864, and she saw brief action during the Battle of Jasmund on 17 March. Scorpion was commissioned during the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 and the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, but she did not engage any enemy forces during either conflict. The navy disposed of the ship in 1877 and she was later used as a coal storage barge. Her ultimate fate is unknown.

Mobilization
Mobilization (alternatively spelled as mobilisation) is the act of assembling and readying military troops and supplies for war. The word mobilization was first used in a military context in the 1850s to describe the preparation of the Prussian Army. Mobilization theories and tactics have continuously changed since then. The opposite of mobilization is demobilization.

Mobilization institutionalized the Levée en masse (engl. mass levy of conscripts) that was first introduced during the French Revolution. It became an issue with the introduction of conscription, and the introduction of the railways in the 19th century.

A number of technological and societal changes promoted the move towards a more organized way of deployment. These included the telegraph to provide rapid communication, the railways to provide rapid movement and concentration of troops, and conscription to provide a trained reserve of soldiers in case of war.