hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of birth control
The history of birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, refers to the methods or devices that have been historically used to prevent pregnancy. Planning and provision of birth control is called family planning. In some times and cultures, abortion had none of the stigma which it has today, making birth control less important.

Comstock Act of 1873
The Comstock Act of 1873 is a series of current provisions in federal law that generally criminalize the involvement of the United States Postal Service, its officers, or a common carrier in conveying obscene matter, crime-inciting matter, or certain abortion-related matter. The Comstock Act is largely codified across title 18 of the United States Code and was enacted beginning in 1872 with the attachment of a rider to the Post Office Consolidation Act of 1872. Amended multiple times since initial enactment, most recently in 1996, the Act is nonetheless often associated with U.S. Postal Inspector and anti-vice activist Anthony Comstock.

The law was applied broadly for much of its history, before the scope of enforcement narrowed after various court rulings, and modern enforcement is primarily focused on prosecuting child pornography (with the most recent conviction under the Act being made in 2021).
Mariusz Książkiewicz
Mariusz Książkiewicz (born October 4, 1989) is a German-born Polish-Canadian professional mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Light Heavyweight division for Konfrontacja Sztuk Walki. He is a former Unified MMA and Ignite Fights Light Heavyweight champion. He previously competed on Aggression Fighting Championship, Legacy Fighting Alliance, and Dana White's Contender Series.

Light heavyweight (MMA)
The light heavyweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes.

The UFC's light heavyweight ranges from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg).

The ONE Championship's light heavyweight division (also known as cruiserweight) has an upper limit of 102.1 kg (225.1 lb).

The Road FC's light heavyweight division places the upper limit at 205 lb (93 kg).

The Misfits MMA's light heavyweight division uses the boxing light heavyweight format. (175 Ib limit).

Light heavyweight is a weight class in mixed martial arts, which generally refers to competitors weighing from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg). It sits between the lighter middleweight division, and the heavyweight division. The light heavyweight limit, as defined by the Nevada State Athletic Commission and the Association of Boxing Commissions is 206 lb (93 kg).
Panonija
Panonija (Serbian Cyrillic: Панонија) is a village in the Bačka Topola municipality, in the North Bačka District of Serbia. It is in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and at the 2002 census its population was 794.

North Bačka District
The North Bačka District (Serbian: Севернобачки округ, romanized: Severnobački okrug, pronounced [sêʋeːrnobâːtʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the geographical region of Bačka. According to the 2022 census, the North Bačka District has a population of 160,163 inhabitants. The administrative center of the district is the city of Subotica.
Les Plaideurs
Les Plaideurs, or The Litigants, written in 1668 and published in 1669, is a comedy in three acts with respectively eight, fourteen, and four scenes, in alexandrine verse by Jean Racine. It is the only comedy he wrote. It was inspired by The Wasps by Aristophanes, but Racine removed all political significance. His play, which he wrote after Andromaque and before Britannicus, was a farce that, surrounded in his work by tragedies, was unexpected.

Les Plaideurs was first performed late in 1668 at the Hôtel de Bourgogne in Paris.

French alexandrine
The French alexandrine (French: alexandrin) is a syllabic poetic metre of (nominally and typically) 12 syllables with a medial caesura dividing the line into two hemistichs (half-lines) of six syllables each. It was the dominant long line of French poetry from the 17th through the 19th century, and influenced many other European literatures which developed alexandrines of their own.
Public Health Engineering Department
The Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) is a public agency in Pakistan and India that is responsible for rural water supply.

During natural disasters the agency has the responsibility to get drinking water to the public as well as collaborating with aid organisations for this purpose. For example, during a cyclone in Sindh in 2007 PHED submitted a proposal to UNICEF for a permanent solution to clean drinking water Sibi District. The agency also coordinated relief efforts with UNICEF in Ziarat District during the 2008 earthquake.

Historically the PHED had been responsible for all water and sanitation projects at the district level, however following the devolution of 2001 become subordinate to elected nazims at district and tehsil level.

Sibi District
Sibi (Urdu and Balochi: سبی ) is a district in the Balochistan province of Pakistan. The climate and topography of Sibi District are quite varied compared to the other districts of Balochistan. It is also known as the "hotspot" of Pakistan, where the temperatures in the summer exceeded 52.6 °C (126.7 °F). Until 2002, the district had two subdivisions, Sibi and Harnai, further organized into Tehsils and sub-tehsils: Sibi, Kutmandi and Sangan. Lehri was joined with Sibi district in 2002 and Harnai was made a separate district. Sibi tehsil is predominantly inhabited by Baloch tribes (Silachi, Rind, Marri, Jamot, Magsi) and Pashtun tribes of Panni (Barozai, Luni, Khajjak Nodhani, etc.). The town of Sibi is chiefly built upon lands of Marghazani and Dehpal.
VRDE Light Armoured Vehicle
The VRDE Light Armoured Vehicle (LAWV) is a lightweight four-wheeled all-wheel-drive armored combat vehicles developed by Vehicle Research and Development Establishment (VRDE) for the Indian Army. Based on the Canadian LAV III light-armored vehicle, which in turn is based on the Swiss MOWAG Piranha III 8x8, the Armoured Vehicle is the Indian Army's first indigenous armored vehicle. The production is commencing at Ordnance Factory Medak.

Light Armoured Wheeled Vehicle (LAWV) a technology demonstrator has been developed as Armoured Personnel Carrier for reconnaissance and counter insurgency and riot control Operations.

Mowag Piranha
The Mowag Piranha is a family of armoured fighting vehicles designed by the Swiss company Mowag (since 2010 General Dynamics European Land Systems – Mowag GmbH).

Five generations of vehicles have been produced, manufactured by Mowag or under licence by other companies such as the LAV, and variants are in service with military forces throughout the world.
M. Athalie Range
M. Athalie Range (born Mary Athalie Wilkinson; November 7, 1915 in Key West, Florida – November 14, 2006 in Miami, Florida) was a Bahamian American civil rights activist and politician who was the first African-American to serve on the Miami, Florida City Commission, and the first African-American since Reconstruction and the first woman to head a Florida state agency, the Department of Community Affairs.

Council–manager government
The council–manager government is a form of local government commonly used for municipalities and counties in the United States, in Ireland, in city, district, and regional councils in New Zealand, and in Canadian municipalities. In the council-manager government, an elected city council hires a manager to serve as chief executive; this manager can be replaced by a simple majority at any time.
Ocellularia aptrootiana
Ocellularia aptrootiana is a species of corticolous lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Sri Lanka, it was formally described as a new species in 2014 by lichenologists Gothamie Weerakoon, Robert Lücking, and Helge Thorsten Lumbsch. The type specimen was collected from Mahailluppallama (Anuradhapura, North Central Province) at an altitude of 170 m (560 ft). Here, in a low-altitude, dry, semi-evergreen forest, it was found growing around a water tank. The specific epithet aptrootiana honours Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot, "for his important contributions to tropical lichenology and his help with the research by the first author". Ocellularia aptrootiana has a grey, smooth to uneven or cracked thallus up to convert 5 cm (2 in) in diameter. The ascospores are hyaline, ellipsoid in shape, contain seven septa, and measure 20–25 by 6–7 μm. Secondary chemicals present in the lichen include psoromic acid, subpsoromic acid, and 2’-O-demethylpsoromic acids.

Evergreen forest
An evergreen forest is a forest made up of evergreen trees. They occur across a wide range of climatic zones, and include trees such as conifers and holly in cold climates, eucalyptus, live oak, acacias, magnolia, and banksia in more temperate zones, and rainforest trees in tropical zones.
Open-mid front rounded vowel
The open-mid front rounded vowel, or low-mid front rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents the sound is ⟨œ⟩. The symbol œ is a lowercase ligature of the letters o and e. The letter ⟨ɶ⟩, a small capital version of the ⟨Œ⟩ ligature, is used for a different vowel sound: the open front rounded vowel.

E
E, or e, is the fifth letter and the second vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is e (pronounced /ˈiː/ ⓘ); plural es, Es, or E's.

It is the most commonly used letter in many languages, including Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Latin, Latvian, Norwegian, Spanish, and Swedish.
David Rall Medal
The David Rall Medal is an award given annually by the National Academy of Medicine of the United States to one of its members who "...has demonstrated distinguished leadership as chair of a study committee or other such activity, showing commitment above and beyond the usual responsibilities of the position." It is named in honor of the late David Rall, the former director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The first award was given in 2000.

David Rall
David Platt Rall (August 3, 1926 – September 28, 1999)  was a cancer specialist and a leader in environmental health studies, whose work in environmental health helped turn it into a scientific discipline.  Rall also advanced public health and prevention. He directed the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences from 1971 to 1990, year in which he retired.  His work on toxicology and carcinogenesis was recognized by his appointment as the first director of the National Toxicology Program in 1978. He held the rank of Assistant Surgeon General in the United States Public Health Service.  He also chaired the World Health Organization's Program on Chemical Safety.
Neesham
Neesham is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Neesham (born 1946), Australian water polo player

Gerard Neesham (born 1954), Australian football player

James Neesham (born 1990), New Zealand cricketer

Tim Neesham (born 1979), Australian water polo player

James Neesham
James Douglas Sheahan Neesham (born 17 September 1990), better known as Jimmy Neesham, is a New Zealand international cricketer who plays for the national team. He also plays in various T20 leagues around the globe as an all-rounder. He was a member of the New Zealand squads that finished as runners-up at the 2019 Cricket World Cup and the 2021 T20 World Cup.
Anthocyanin 6"-O-malonyltransferase
In enzymology, an anthocyanin 6"-O-malonyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.171) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

malonyl-CoA + an anthocyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside  CoA + an anthocyanidin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside)

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are malonyl-CoA and anthocyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside, whereas its two products are CoA and anthocyanidin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside).

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is malonyl-CoA:anthocyanidin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside 6"-O-malonyltransferase.

Acyltransferase
Acyltransferase is a type of transferase enzyme that acts upon acyl groups.

Examples include:

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases

Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase

Long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase
Parliament Act 1782
The Parliament Act 1782 (22 Geo. 3. c. 41), also known as Crewe's Act, was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain passed in 1782. The act, which was passed by Rockingham's government at the instance of John Crewe, disqualified all officers of Customs and Excise and the Post Office from voting in parliamentary elections. The purpose of this disfranchisement was to end the abuse by which government patronage was used to bribe the voters in rotten boroughs such as Bossiney and New Romney. It failed in practice, however, since the patronage was quickly diverted from the voters themselves to their relatives.

The whole act was repealed by section 1 of the Revenue Officers' Disabilities Act 1868 (31 & 32 Vict. c. 73).

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
Lambda Boötis star
A Lambda Boötis star is a type of chemically peculiar star which has an unusually low abundance of iron peak elements in its surface layers. One possible explanation for this is that it is the result of accretion of metal-poor gas from a circumstellar disc, and a second possibility is the accretion of material from a hot Jupiter suffering from mass loss. The prototype is Lambda Boötis.

Metallicity
In astronomy, metallicity is the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen and helium. Most of the normal currently detectable (i.e. non-dark) matter in the universe is either hydrogen or helium, and astronomers use the word metals as convenient shorthand for all elements except hydrogen and helium. This word-use is distinct from the conventional chemical or physical definition of a metal as an electrically conducting element. Stars and nebulae with relatively high abundances of heavier elements are called metal-rich when discussing metallicity, even though many of those elements are called nonmetals in chemistry.
Corlăteni, Botoșani
Corlăteni is a commune in Botoșani County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Carasa, Corlăteni, Podeni and Vlădeni.

The administrative apparatus and the commune's school, kindergarten and police station are located in Corlăteni village. The main road that passes through these villages and links the entire commune is the 291 county road (DJ 291). The main occupations of the villagers living in this area are agriculture and animal growth, especially sheep and cattle. The population of these villages has been decreasing significantly since the early 2000s because ever more villagers leave to work abroad, leaving only their parents and small children at their homes. Most of them never return, and their children, after coming of age, tend to follow their parents.

Western Moldavia
Western Moldavia (Romanian: Moldova Occidentală, Moldova de Apus, or Moldova de Vest), also known as Romanian Moldavia, is the core historic and geographical part of the former Principality of Moldavia situated in eastern and north-eastern Romania. Until its union with Wallachia in 1859, the Principality of Moldavia also included, at various times in its history, the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina, and Hertsa; the larger part of the former is nowadays the independent state of Moldova, while the rest of it, the northern part of Bukovina, and Hertsa form territories of Ukraine.

Romanian Moldavia consists of eight counties, spanning over 18% of Romania's territory. Six out of the 8 counties make up Romania's designated Nord-Est development region, while the two southern counties are included within Romania's Sud-Est development region. It comprises roughly 48.67% of the wider region of Moldavia.
Kinuura Tunnel
Kinuura Tunnel (衣浦トンネル, kinuura tonneru) is an undersea tunnel in Japan for cars and pedestrians which connects Handa, Aichi with Hekinan, Aichi under the Mikawa Bay at Kinuura Port.  The tunnel provides 2 lanes of road going in each direction, and a separate pedestrian tunnel.  The pedestrian tunnel plays a radio broadcast, and it is accessible by 11 flights of stairs on either side.  Both the Handa side and Hekinan side have public parks near the exits to the tunnel.

Hekinan
Hekinan (碧南市, Hekinan-shi) is a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2019, the city had an estimated population of 72,864 in 29,139 households, and a population density of 1,986 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 36.68 square kilometres (14.16 sq mi).
Dumi Mkokstad
Mdumiseni Nzimande, widely recognised by his stage name Dumi Mkokstad, is a South African singer-songwriter. He was born in Cabazana, Mount Ayliff, and grew up in Kokstad, where his passion for music was sparked at the age of nine.

His studio album Calvary, was released on 13 April 2020. It won Best Traditional Faith Music Album at the 26th South African Music Awards.

Mkokstad ninth studio album The Overflow Gcwala Kimi, was released on 25 December 2023. The album won Best Traditional Faith Album at the 29th ceremony of South African Music Awards.

Mkokstad received the most nominations for Best Gospel Album, Best Live Recording, Best Collaboration, Best Male, and won Best Gospel Songwriter for "Vumbelimnandi" at the 16th edition of the Crown Gospel Music Awards.

Mount Ayliff
Mount Ayliff, officially eMaxesibeni, is a small town in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, near that province's border with KwaZulu-Natal.

Mount Ayliff is located in the Umzimvubu Local Municipality, which is part of the Alfred Nzo District Municipality; it is the location of the headquarters of the latter.

Xesibeland, the traditional region of the Xesibe people, was located around Mount Ayliff. The Xesibe was led by Chief Jojo; Jojo today is the royal family and still the leading family in EmaXesibeni.
Uzès
Uzès (French pronunciation: [y.zɛs]; Occitan: Usès) is a commune in the Gard department in the Occitanie region of Southern France. Uzès lies about 25 kilometres (16 miles) north-northeast of Nîmes, 40 kilometres (25 miles) west of Avignon, and 32 kilometres (20 miles) southeast of Alès.

Oppidum
An oppidum (pl.: oppida) is a large fortified Iron Age settlement or town. Oppida are primarily associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture, emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretching from Britain and Iberia in the west to the edge of the Hungarian Plain in the east. These settlements continued to be used until the Romans conquered Southern and Western Europe. Many subsequently became Roman-era towns and cities, whilst others were abandoned. In regions north of the rivers Danube and Rhine, such as most of Germania, where the populations remained independent from Rome, oppida continued to be used into the 1st century AD.
Church of St Thomas of Canterbury and the English Martyrs, Preston
English Martyrs Church or its full name The Church of St Thomas of Canterbury and the English Martyrs is a Roman Catholic Parish church in Preston, Lancashire. It was designed by Edward Welby Pugin and is a shrine church of the Diocese of Lancaster within the Parish of St John XXIII, Preston. It is near to Preston city centre and stands on the corner of the A6, between Aqueduct Street and St George's Road.

Diocese of Salford
The Diocese of Salford (Latin: Dioecesis Salfordensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church centred on the City of Salford in Greater Manchester, England. The diocese was founded in 1852 as one of the first post-Reformation Catholic dioceses in Great Britain. Since 1911 it has formed part of the Province of Liverpool.

Its current boundaries encompass Manchester as well as a large part of North West England between the River Mersey and the River Ribble, some parishes north of the Ribble, and Todmorden in West Yorkshire. In 2005, the diocese included 207 churches and chapels.
Third Street station (BMT Fifth Avenue Line)
The Third Street station was a station on the demolished section of the BMT Fifth Avenue Line in Brooklyn, New York City. Served by trains of the BMT Culver Line and BMT Fifth Avenue Line, and had 2 tracks and 1 island platform. The station was opened on June 22, 1889, at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and Third Street. The next stop to the north was Union Street. The next stop to the south was Ninth Street. It closed on May 31, 1940.

This station served Washington Park, the home of the National League Brooklyn Dodgers prior to Ebbets Field, and the Federal League's Brooklyn Tip-Tops.

Brooklyn Tip-Tops
The Brooklyn Tip-Tops were a team in the short-lived Federal League of professional baseball from 1914 to 1915. The team's name came from Tip Top Bread, a product of Ward Baking Company, which was also owned by team owner Robert Ward. They were sometimes informally called the Brooklyn Feds or BrookFeds due to being the Brooklyn team of the Federal League. They played in Washington Park, which the Brooklyn Dodgers had abandoned after the 1912 season to move to Ebbets Field.
Institute of Space Sciences
The Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (ICE-CSIC) or Institute of Space Sciences is a research institute of the Spanish National Research Council (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC), established in 1999. It is located on the campus of the Autonomous University of Barcelona in Catalonia. It specialises in the fields of space physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. Research staff include Sergei Odintsov.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Streetcars in Los Angeles
Streetcars in Los Angeles over history have included horse-drawn streetcars and cable cars, and later extensive electric streetcar networks of the Los Angeles Railway and Pacific Electric Railway and their predecessors. Also included are modern light rail lines.

Bunker Hill, Los Angeles
Bunker Hill is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California. It is part of Downtown Los Angeles.

Historically, Bunker Hill was a large hill that separated the Victorian-era Downtown from the western end of the city. The hill was tunneled through at Second Street in 1924, and at Third and Fourth Streets. In the late 20th century, the hill was lowered in elevation, and the entire area was redeveloped to supplant old frame and concrete buildings with modern high-rises and other structures for residences, commerce, entertainment, and education.