hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Massachusetts Central Railroad
The Massachusetts Central Railroad (reporting mark MCER) is a short line railroad in western Massachusetts, United States. It was established in 1975 to provide railroad transportation services on portions of the Boston & Maine Wheelwright Branch in and around their trackage in Bondsville (a village of Palmer) and Ware, and later between Palmer and South Barre on the old right-of-way of the Ware River Railroad.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Pokharibhinda Samgrampur
Pokharibhinda Samgrampur  is a village development committee in Mahottari District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3549 people living in 699 individual households.

Janakpur Zone
Janakpur Zone (Nepali: जनकपुर अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal, reaching from the Indian border in the south to the Tibetan border in the north and Sagarmatha Zone in the east and Bagmati and Naryani Zones in the west.

The headquarters of Janakpur Zone and its main city was Janakpur. Close to the Indian border, it is a historic city of Hinduism. The city is believed to have been the capital city of King Janaka, the father-in-law of Lord Rama, the son of the then king of Ayodhya, Dasharatha. The city was then called 'Mithila Nagari'. The name of Janakpur zone is related to the historic King Janaka and his capital Janakpur.

Other cities within Janakpur Zone are Kamalamai (in Inner Terai), Manthali (in Hill), Bhimeshwor (in Himalaya) and Bardibas, Dhalkebar, Jaleshwor, Malangwa, Hariwan, Lalbandi, Gaushala Bazar and Matihani (Outer Terai).
2021–22 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Hauts-de-France
The 2021–22 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Hauts-de-France was the qualifying competition to decide which teams from the leagues of the Hauts-de-France region of France took part in the main competition from the seventh round.

A total of twenty teams qualified from the Hauts-de-France preliminary rounds. In 2020–21, US Boulogne progressed furthest in the main competition, reaching the round of 16 before losing to Canet Roussillon FC.

2021–22 Coupe de France
The 2021–22 Coupe de France was the 105th season of the main football cup competition of France. The competition was organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and was open to all clubs in French football, as well as clubs from the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Tahiti, Réunion, Saint Martin, and Saint Pierre and Miquelon).

The competition returned largely to the format of 2019–20 after the changes last season due to the COVID-19 pandemic in France. However, on 21 October 2021 it was announced that New Caledonia would not be represented in the competition due to the situation in that territory.

Paris Saint-Germain were the defending champions, but were knocked out in the round of 16 by Nice on penalties. In the final on 7 May, Nantes beat Nice 1–0 to claim their fourth Coupe de France title.
Crassula multicava
Crassula multicava is a perennial succulent plant from the family Crassulaceae. It is also known under various English common names including the fairy crassula, pitted crassula and London pride.  In Zulu, it is known as umadinsane, one of several plants known by this name.

Zulu language
Zulu (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), or isiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken in, and indigenous to, Southern Africa with about 13.56 million native speakers, who primarily inhabit the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The word "KwaZulu-Natal" translates into English as "Home of the Zulu Nation is Natal". Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa (24% of the population), and it is understood by over 50% of its population. It became one of South Africa's 12 official languages in 1994.

According to Ethnologue, it is the second-most widely spoken of the Bantu languages, after Swahili. Like many other Bantu languages, it is written with the Latin alphabet.

In South African English, the language is often referred to in its native form, isiZulu.
Langham Booth
Langham Booth (c. 1684 – 12 May 1724) was an English courtier and member of parliament.

A younger son of Henry Booth, 1st Earl of Warrington and his wife Mary Langham, in 1705 Booth was elected as a Whig as one of the two Members of Parliament for Cheshire and sat until 1710, in 1707 becoming one of the members of the First Parliament of Great Britain. He was elected again for the parliament of 1715 to 1722.

In 1723, Booth was returned as one of the members for Liverpool, but died only a year later, when he was reported to be aged forty.

He was also a Groom of the Bedchamber to King George I.

Cheshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Cheshire is a former United Kingdom parliamentary constituency for the county of Cheshire. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832.

As a county palatine it was unrepresented in Parliament until the Chester and Cheshire (Constituencies) Act 1542 (34 & 35 Hen. 8. c. 13).  Cheshire was represented by two knights of the shire from 1545, with only County Durham out of the English counties being left unrepresented after that.

It was divided between the constituencies of North Cheshire and South Cheshire in 1832.
Egg predation
Egg predation or ovivory is a carnivorous feeding strategy in many groups of animals (ovivores) in which they consume eggs. Since a fertilized egg represents a complete organism at one stage of its life cycle, eating an egg is a form of predation, the killing of another organism for food.

Egg predation is found widely across the animal kingdom, including in fish, birds, snakes, mammals, and arthropods. Some species are specialist egg predators, but many more are generalists which take eggs when the opportunity arises.

Humans have accidentally or intentionally introduced egg predators such as rats to places that had been free of them, causing damage to native species such as ground-nesting seabirds. Predatory birds such as ravens and gulls have spread, threatening ground-nesting birds such as sage grouse and terns. Measures to control such predators include the use of poisoned bait eggs.

Oligodon formosanus
Oligodon formosanus, also known as the Formosa kukri snake or beautiful kukri snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae.

The species epithet is named after its range in Taiwan (Formosa).

Formosa kukri snakes eat the eggs of Chinese box turtles.
Protests against Faure Gnassingbé
Protests against President Faure Gnassingbé have occurred throughout Togo since he assumed power after the death of his father, Gnassingbé Eyadéma, in February 2005.

Opposition protesters have called on the Togolese government to establish presidential term limits according to the 1992 constitutional referendum, and have called on Gnassingbé to resign. Opposition parties contested the results of the 2010 and 2015 presidential elections. From 2012 until the 2013 Togolese parliamentary election, opposition supporters protested certain electoral reforms believed to favour the ruling regime. Starting in August 2017, the opposition has held anti-government protests on a near-weekly basis, leading to a long-term period of domestic instability.

Aného
Aného, previously known as Anecho, Petit Popo or Little Popo, is a town in southeastern Togo, lying on the Gulf of Guinea near the border of Benin. It is situated 45 km east of the capital Lomé, between the Atlantic Ocean and Lake Togo in Maritime Region.
Mariahu
Mariahu (Mariyahu) is a town and a nagar panchayat in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Its name Mariahu was given by the leader of Nanwag (Nandwak) Rajputs, King Naun Rao in 16th century on the name of Mandav Deo, the patreon deity of the Nanwag clan. The samadhi of Mandav dev is situated near to Chutka Devi temple which is in the east of tehsil. Mostly tehsil was ruled by Nanwag Rajputs who were the local rulers during 16th and 17th century. Baghi Sangram Singh, a leader of the Nanwags, revolted against the British East India company during the Rebellion of 1857 and defeated them on several occasions. It is one of the six tehsils of Jaunpur district, with the others being Jaunpur city, Shahganj, Machalishahar, Badlapur and Kerakat.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Ellen Roberts
Ellen Stuart Roberts  (born August 27, 1959 ) is an attorney and former Republican legislator in the U.S. State of Colorado. From 2006 to 2010, Roberts served as the State Representative for House District 59. In 2010, she was elected to Senate District 6 and served until her resignation, saying that she wanted to spend more time in her home region, at the end of 2016.  In 2015, she was elected to serve as the President Pro-Tem for the Colorado State Senate, a position she held until her resignation.

End-of-life care
End-of-life care is health care provided in the time leading up to a person's death. End-of-life care can be provided in the hours, days, or months before a person dies and encompasses care and support for a person's mental and emotional needs, physical comfort, spiritual needs, and practical tasks.

End-of-life care is most commonly provided at home, in the hospital, or in a long-term care facility with care being provided by family members, nurses, social workers, physicians, and other support staff. Facilities may also have palliative or hospice care teams that will provide end-of-life care services.  Decisions about end-of-life care are often informed by medical, financial and ethical considerations.

In most developed countries, medical spending on people in the last twelve months of life makes up roughly 10% of total aggregate medical spending, while those in the last three years of life can cost up to 25%.
Second cabinet of Kostas Karamanlis
Kostas Karamanlis served as a Prime Minister of Greece for two consecutive terms. During his incumbency, the period 2004-2009, he formed two cabinets. The second Kostas Karamanlis cabinet was formed after the 2007 elections and was succeeded by the George Papandreou Cabinet.

Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Insular Policy (Greece)
The Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Insular Policy (Greek: Υπουργείο Ναυτιλίας και Νησιωτικής Πολιτικής) is a government department of Greece responsible for managing the nation's maritime and shipping sectors, as well as developing policies concerning the country's numerous islands. This ministry also oversees the enforcement of maritime laws and regulations, and the safety of Greek waters and coasts.
Larissa Burak
Larissa Burak (Ukrainian: Лариса Буряк; born 1968 Khorostkiv, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine) is a Ukrainian-Australian bandurist and mezzo-soprano singer, concert musician, soloist, and choir conductor who lives in Sydney, Australia. Since completing her Master of Education at the University of Sydney, Larissa now is the leading vocal teacher at the Riverina Conservatorium of Music.

Khorostkiv
Khorostkiv (Ukrainian: Хоростків, IPA: [xoˈrɔstkiu̯] ⓘ; Polish: Chorostków; Yiddish: כראָסקעוו, romanized: Chorostkov) is a city in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Khorostkiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 6,652 (2022 estimate).
Truman Lowe
Truman Tennis Lowe (January 19, 1944 – March 30, 2019) (Ho-Chunk) was an American sculptor and installation artist. A professor of fine art at the University of Wisconsin, Lowe also served as a curator of contemporary art at the National Museum of the American Indian. He is known for large site-specific installation pieces using natural materials. His work is the subject of a retrospective at the National Museum of the American Indian, Water's Edge: The Art of Truman Lowe, on view in Washington, DC through January 2027.

Madison Museum of Contemporary Art
The Madison Museum of Contemporary Art  (MMoCA), formerly known as the Madison Art Center, is an independent, non-profit art museum located in downtown Madison, Wisconsin.

MMoCA is dedicated to exhibiting, collecting, and preserving modern and contemporary art. Its mission is to educate and inspire by means of rotating permanent collection exhibitions, special exhibitions, film series, and educational programming. The museum opened in its current home adjacent to the Overture Center for the Arts on April 23, 2006. Both MMoCA and the Overture Center were designed by architect César Pelli.
Pontinia
Pontinia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Latina in the Italian region Lazio, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Rome and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Latina.

Pontinia was established in 1935, as part of the project under the Dictatorship of Benito Mussolini which drained the Pontine Marshes and converted them to agriculture. The town plan was designed by engineer Alfredo Pappalardo, an employee of the Opera Nazionale Combattenti, the agency which oversaw the engineering works and settlement of the Pontine Marshes.

Pontinia borders the following municipalities: Latina, Priverno, Sabaudia, Sezze, Sonnino, Terracina.

Province of Latina
The province of Latina (Italian: provincia di Latina) is a province in the Lazio region of Italy. Its provincial capital is the city of Latina. It is bordered by the provinces of Frosinone to the northeast and by the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital to the northwest.

It has an area of 2,251 square kilometres (869 mi2) and a population of 561,189 (2012). The province contains comuni (sg.: comune).
2018 Nottingham Open
The 2018 Nottingham Open (also known as the Nature Valley Open for sponsorship purposes) was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts in Nottingham, United Kingdom. It was the 11th edition of the event for women and the 23rd edition for men. It was classified as a WTA International tournament on the 2018 WTA Tour for the women, and as an ATP Challenger Tour event for the men. The event took place at the Nottingham Tennis Centre in Nottingham, United Kingdom from 11 through 17 June 2018.

Katie Boulter
Katie Charlotte Boulter (born 1 August 1996) is a British professional tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 23, achieved on 4 November 2024 and a best doubles ranking of No. 277, reached on 6 January 2025. Boulter has won four singles titles on the WTA Tour. She has also won one WTA 125 singles title, as well as seven singles titles and four doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Boulter was ranked the No. 10 junior tennis player in the world in March 2014. She is based at the Lawn Tennis Association's National Tennis Centre in Roehampton and was coached by Jeremy Bates, Nigel Sears and Mark Taylor.
Chester Lake
Chester Lake can refer to:

Chester Lake (Alberta), a lake in Alberta, Canada

Chester Morse Lake, a lake in Washington, United States

Chester Lake (Law & Order), a fictional character on the television series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit

Chester Lake (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit)
Detective Chester Lake is a fictional character played by Adam Beach in the American crime drama television series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit on NBC. Lake is the first detective of Native American descent on a Law & Order series. He is first seen during the eighth season working with the Brooklyn division of the New York Police Department's Special Victims Unit. At the end of the season, he transfers to the Manhattan SVU, where he is partnered with Fin Tutuola (Ice-T) during the ninth season. Lake is arrested in the season finale, "Cold", after he kills a fellow police officer.

Beach met series creator Dick Wolf while filming Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee and signed on as a regular to the show shortly afterwards. However, it was quickly felt that there were too many detectives in the cast, and the character of Lake was written out after only one season. The character was unpopular with viewers, and reception of Lake was generally negative.
Sauromuraenesox
Sauromuraenesox is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Muraenesocidae, the pike congers. The only species in the genus is Sauromuraenesox vorax which was described in 1889 by the British physician, naturalist and carcinologist Alfred William Alcock with its type locality given as the Bay of Bengal. This species is found in the northern Indian Ocean where it has been recorded off Oman, the Arabian and Andaman coasts of India, including Sri Lanka, east to Myanmar. This benthopelagic species is found over the continental shelf and upper slope over soft substrates at depths between 274 and 469 m (899 and 1,539 ft).

Continental margin
A continental margin is the outer edge of continental crust abutting oceanic crust under coastal waters. The continental margin consists of three different features: the continental rise, the continental slope, and the continental shelf. It is one of the three major zones of the ocean floor, the other two being deep-ocean basins and mid-ocean ridges. Continental margins constitute about 28% of the oceanic area.
The Sisters (1957 film)
The Sisters (Russian: Сёстры, romanized: Syostry) is a 1957 Soviet epic film directed by Grigori Roshal. It based on Sisters (1918–1922), the first part of Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy's The Road to Calvary trilogy.

The film depicts the Russian Empire during the First World War; two sisters in Petrograd pursue romance in the runup to the Russian Revolution.

Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy
Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy (Russian: Алексей Николаевич Толстой; 10 January 1883 [O.S. 29 December 1882] – 23 February 1945) was a Russian writer whose works span across many genres, but mainly belonged to science fiction and historical fiction.

Despite having opposed the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, he was able to return to Russia six years later and live a privileged life as a highly paid author, reputedly a millionaire, who adapted his writings to conform to the line laid down by the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks).
David A. Hammer
David A. Hammer is the J. Carlton Ward, Jr. Professor of Nuclear Energy Engineering, in the Cornell University College of Engineering. In 2004, Hammer received the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Plasma Science and Applications Committee Award, as well as the Distinguished Career Award from Fusion Power Associates in 2018.

Hammer has published 210 articles published in referred journals and 100 papers published in conference proceedings.

Cornell University College of Engineering
The Cornell University College of Engineering (formally the David A. Duffield College of Engineering) is the engineering school of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, United States. It was founded in 1870 as the Sibley College of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanic Arts.

It currently grants bachelors, masters, and doctoral degrees in a variety of engineering and applied science fields.
Frederick Heckwolf
Frederick J. Heckwolf (January 7, 1879 – March 21, 1924) was an American track and field athlete, a member of the Missouri Athletic Club, St Louis, who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics.

In 1904 he was fifth in the 100 m sprint competition where he recorded a time of 11.6 seconds.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Dawa Narbula
Dawa Narbula (born 16 December 1935) was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Darjeeling constituency of West Bengal and is a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) political party.

He was elected to the West State Assembly from Kurseong in 1977.

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
A Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of a legislative constituency in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550. This includes the maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states and up to 20 members to represent the union territories (both chosen by direct elections). Between 1952 and January 25, 2020, two seats were reserved for members of the Anglo-Indian community. The current elected strength of the Lok Sabha is 543. The party—or coalition of parties—having a majority in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.

All Members of Lok Sabha rank 21st in the Order of Precedence of India.
Fundamenta Informaticae
Fundamenta Informaticae is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering computer science. The editor-in-chief is Bartek Klin. It was established in 1977 by the Polish Mathematical Society as Series IV of the Annales Societatis Mathematicae Polonae, with its main focus on theoretical foundations of computer science. The journal is currently hosted on the Episciences.org platform of the Center for direct scientific communication, and published by IOS Press under the auspices of the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science.

Centre pour la communication scientifique directe
The Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe (CCSD) is a French organization of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) devoted to the development of the open access repositories  HAL, TEL and MediHal, the web platform Episciences and the web platform Sciencesconf. It is involved in the international open access movement.