hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
E. C. Riegel
Edwin Clarence Riegel (June 18, 1879 – 1953), generally known as E.C. Riegel, was an American author, consumer advocate and independent scholar who campaigned against restrictions on free markets that harmed consumers and promoted an alternative monetary theory and an early private enterprise currency alternative.

Best selling libertarian author Harry Browne, in the introduction to his 1974 book You Can Profit from a Monetary Crisis described Riegel's book The New Approach to Freedom as "The best explanation of the free market I've seen." Author David Boyle, devotes a chapter of his book The Money Changers: Currency Reform from Aristotle to e-cash to E.C. Riegel. Riegel is referenced on alternative currency, commercial barter and investment strategy sites.

David Boyle (author)
David Courtney Boyle (20 May 1958 – 20 June 2025) was a British author and journalist who wrote mainly about history and new ideas in economics, money, business, and culture. He lived in Steyning, West Sussex, England.

Boyle conducted an independent review for the Treasury and the Cabinet Office on public demand for choice in public services which reported in 2013. Boyle was a co-founder and policy director of Radix, which he characterized in 2017 as a radical centrist think tank. He was also co-director of the mutual think tank New Weather Institute.
George Whitehead (cricketer)
George William Edendale Whitehead (27 August 1895 – 17 October 1918) was an English cricketer. He was educated at Clifton College. He was a right-handed batsman and a leg-break bowler. He was born in Bromley and died in Lauwe.

Whitehead made two first-class appearances during August 1914 as part of a trial with Kent County Cricket Club, first as an upper-order batsman, and then in the middle-order. He managed to score a total of 12 runs over the course of his four innings for the club.

Having joined the Royal Field Artillery and attaining the rank of Lieutenant, Whitehead was killed towards the end of the First World War at the age of 23. He is buried at the Harlebeke New British Cemetery in Belgium.

His brother, James, played a single first-class match for the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1912.

Menen
Menen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmeːnə(n)] ⓘ; French: Menin [mənɛ̃]; West Flemish: Mêenn [ˈmeːnən] or Mêende [ˈmeːndə]) is a city and municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Menen proper and the towns of Lauwe and Rekkem. The city is situated on the French/Belgian border. On January 1, 2006, Menen had a total population of 32,413. The total area is 33.07 km2 which gives a population density of 980 inhabitants per km2.

The city of Menen gives its name to the Menin Gate in Ypres, which is a monument to those killed in World War I. The gate is so called as the road from that gate is the road to Menen.

The town hall of Menen, with its large belfry, was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999 as part of the Belfries of Belgium and France site, because of its civic importance and architecture.
2017 Asian Girls' U18 Volleyball Championship
The 2017 Asian Girls' U18 Volleyball Championship was the eleventh edition of the Women's Asian U18 Volleyball Championship, a biennial international volleyball tournament organised by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC), that year with the Chinese Volleyball Association (CVA). It was held in Chongqing, China from 5 to 13 March 2017. The tournament served as the Asian qualifiers for the 2017 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship held in Argentina, with the top four teams qualifying.

The matches were played in only one stadium in Chongqing, the Chongqing No. 8 Secondary School Gymnasium. It was the second time that China and the first time that Chongqing hosted the tournament. As hosts, China automatically participated in the tournament, along with the remaining 10 teams (after Kazakhstan withdrew)..

Japan won the tournament with a 3–0 final win over China. Both finalists and the semifinalists, South Korea and Thailand, qualified for the World Championship.

South Korea men's national volleyball team
The South Korea men's national volleyball team (Korean: 대한민국 남자 배구 국가대표팀; recognized as Korea by FIVB) represents South Korea in international volleyball competitions and friendly matches, governed by Korea Volleyball Association. The Republic of Korea (ROK) has competed in the Olympic Games eight times, but has not featured since the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney, Australia. The national team's best performance at the Olympic Games was 5th place at the 1984 Games in Los Angeles, California, United States. The national team  at the FIVB World Championship competed nine times, with their best result at 4th place in 1978. On continental level, The national team won three gold medals at the Asian Games in 1978, 2002 and 2006. And at the Asian Championship, the national team won four gold medals, two of these was at home in 1989 Seoul and 2001 Changwon and the other two are in 1993 and 2003. The national team now ranks 26th in the FIVB World Rankings.
John de Havilland (officer of arms)
John von Sonntag de Havilland FSA (17 October 1826 – 18 September 1886) was an officer of arms at the College of Arms in London during the 19th century. He is notable for being one of only two English officers of arms to have been born in the United States of America (Blanche Lyon Pursuivant Extraordinary Alexander Ochterlony, appointed in 1784, was the other).

Officer of arms
An officer of arms is a person appointed by a sovereign or state with authority to perform one or more of the following functions:

to control and initiate armorial matters;

to arrange and participate in ceremonies of state;

to conserve and interpret heraldic and genealogical records.
HBC CSKA Moscow
CSKA Moscow (Russian: ЦСКА Москва) is a professional handball club from Moscow, Russia. CSKA is competing in the Russian Handball Super League  and in the SEHA League.

In reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Handball Federation banned Russian athletes, and the European Handball Federation suspended the  Russian clubs from competing in European handball competitions.

International Handball Federation
The International Handball Federation (IHF) is the administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball. IHF is responsible for the organisation of handball's major international tournaments, notably the IHF World Men's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1938, and the IHF World Women's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1957.

IHF was founded in 1946 to oversee international competitions. Headquartered in Basel, its membership now comprises 209 national federations. Each member country must each also be a member of one of the six regional confederations: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and Caribbean, Oceania, and South and Central America. Hassan Moustafa from Egypt has been President of the IHF since 26 November 2000.
Vimeo Livestream
Vimeo Livestream is a video live streaming platform based in New York City that allows customers to broadcast live video content using a camera and a computer through the Internet, and viewers to play the content via the web, iOS, Android, Roku, and the Apple TV. Livestream requires a paid subscription for content providers to use; it formerly offered a free ad-supported service but no longer does so as of 2016.

Roku
Roku (/ˈroʊkuː/ ⓘ ROH-koo) is a brand of consumer electronics that includes streaming players, smart TVs (and their operating systems), as well as two streaming services (The Roku Channel and Howdy). The brand is owned by Roku, Inc., an American company.

As of 2024, Roku is the U.S. market leader in streaming video distribution, reaching nearly 145 million people.
Law Society of New Brunswick
The Law Society of New Brunswick (French: Barreau du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the statutory body charged with the regulation of the legal profession in the Canadian province of New Brunswick.

The Law Society is a member of the Federation of Law Societies of Canada, an association of the fourteen provincial and territorial bodies governing the legal profession across Canada.

Legal profession
Legal profession is a profession in which legal professionals study, develop and apply law. Usually, there is a requirement for someone choosing a career in law to first pass a bar examination after obtaining a law degree or some other form of legal education such as an apprenticeship in a law office.

It is difficult to generalize about the structure of the profession, because

there are two major legal systems, and even within them, there are different arrangements in jurisdictions, and

terminology varies greatly.

While in civil law countries there are usually distinct clearly defined career paths in law, such as judge, in common law jurisdictions there tends to be one legal profession, and it is not uncommon, for instance, that a requirement for a judge is several years of practising law privately.
Jan Abrahamsz Beerstraaten
Jan Abrahamsz Beerstraaten or Johannes (Beerstrat or Bierstraten) (bapt. 1 March 1622 in Amsterdam – buried 1 July 1666) was a Dutch painter of marine art, particularly of events of the First Anglo-Dutch War and Dutch-Swedish War. Van Beerstraten depicted ports (Civitavecchia) and cityscapes of Amsterdam, as well as many cities and villages in the Netherlands.  He captured castles, churches and other buildings that no longer exist.

First Anglo-Dutch War
The First Anglo-Dutch War, or First Dutch War, was a naval conflict between the Commonwealth of England and the Dutch Republic. Largely caused by disputes over trade, it began with English attacks on Dutch merchant shipping, but expanded to vast fleet actions. Despite a series of victories in 1652 and 1653, the Commonwealth was unable to blockade Dutch trade, although English privateers inflicted serious losses on Dutch merchant shipping.

The economic damage eventually led to the Treaty of Westminster in 1654 where the Dutch were forced to make minor concessions to the Commonwealth. Both sides agreed to the exclusion of the House of Orange from the office of Stadtholder, but failed to resolve underlying commercial issues. In 1665, Dutch objections to the Navigation Acts and English concerns over their rival's trading practices led to the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
Pysht Formation
The Pysht Formation is a geologic formation in Washington (state). It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period, which appear to have been deposited in an offshore marine environment. Outcrops are present on the northern Olympic Peninsula, in Clallam County.

Clallam County, Washington
Clallam County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 77,155, with an estimated population of 77,616 in 2023. The county seat and largest city is Port Angeles; the county as a whole comprises the Port Angeles, WA Micropolitan Statistical Area. The name is a Klallam word for "the strong people". The county was formed on April 26, 1854. Located on the Olympic Peninsula, it is south from the Strait of Juan de Fuca, which forms the Canada–US border, as British Columbia's Vancouver Island is across the strait.

Clallam County was a bellwether, voting for the winning candidate in every presidential election from 1980 to 2020, holding the longest record for predicting official presidential election winners in the entire country. It has also voted the winning candidate in every election since 1920 except for 1968, 1976, and 2024.
Arun Kumar Yadav (Saharsa politician)
Arun Kumar Yadav is an Indian politician and a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly of India. He represents the Saharsa constituency in Saharsa district of Bihar, he was elected in 2015 as a member of Rashtriya Janata Dal. He also participated in the Bihar Movement in 1974.

Bihar Movement
The Bihar movement, also known as the JP movement, was a political movement initiated by students in the Indian state of Bihar against misrule and corruption in the state government, in 1974. It was led by the veteran socialist Jayaprakash Narayan, popularly known as JP. The movement later turned against Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's government in the central government. It was also referred to as Sampoorna Kranti (Total Revolution Movement).
Battle of Oliwa
The Battle of Oliwa, also known as the Battle of Oliva or the Battle of Gdańsk Roadstead, was a naval battle that took place on 28 November, 1627, slightly north of the port of Gdańsk off of the coast of the village of Oliva during the Polish–Swedish War. It was the largest naval engagement to be fought by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy and resulted in defeating a Swedish squadron led by Niels Stiernsköld that conducted a blockade of the harbour of Gdańsk. The Poles sailed out of the Gdańsk harbour and engaged the Swedish squadron capturing the Swedish flagship and sinking another Swedish warship.: 110

Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy (Swedish: Svenska marinen) is the maritime service branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet (Flottan), formally sometimes referred to as the Royal Navy (Kungliga Flottan) – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps (Amfibiekåren).

Founded under King Gustav Vasa in 1522, the Swedish navy is one of the oldest continuously serving navies in the world, celebrating its 500th anniversary in 2022.
Schendylops oligopus
Schendylops oligopus is a species of soil centipede in the family Schendylidae. This species is notable as one of only two species in the order Geophilomorpha known to include centipedes with only 27 pairs of legs, the minimum number recorded in this order. Furthermore, S. oligopus was the first species in this order found to feature so few legs.

Paratype
In zoology and botany, a paratype is a specimen of an organism that helps define what the scientific name of a species and other taxon actually represents, but it is not the holotype (and in botany is also neither an isotype nor a syntype). Often there is more than one paratype. Paratypes are usually held in museum research collections.

The exact meaning of the term paratype when it is used in zoology is not the same as the meaning when it is used in botany. In both cases however, this term is used in conjunction with holotype.
Bora-Bora (commune)
Bora-Bora is a commune of French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. The commune is in the administrative subdivision of the Leeward Islands. Its population was 10,758 at the 2022 census.

The commune of Bora-Bora is made up of the island of Bora Bora proper with its surrounding islets emerging from the coral reef (30.55 km2/11.3 sq. miles in total) and of the atoll of Tupai (11 km2 (4.2 sq mi)), located 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Bora Bora. The atoll of Tupai has no permanent population apart from some seasonal workers in the coconut plantations.

The surrounding islets include Motu Tapu, Motu Ahuna, Tevairoa, Motu Tane, Motu Mute, Motu Tufari, Motu Tehotu, Motu Pitiaau, Sofitel Motu, Motu Toopua, and Toopuaiti.

Islet
An islet (/ˈaɪlət/ EYE-lət) is generally a small island. Definitions vary and are not precise, but some suggest that an islet is a very small, often unnamed, island with little or no vegetation unable to support human habitation. It may be made of rock, sand and/or hard coral; may be permanent or tidal (i.e. surfaced reef or seamount); and may exist in the sea, lakes, rivers or any other sizeable bodies of water.
Gajewo, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Gajewo [ɡaˈjɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Malbork, within Malbork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, in 1772–1919 and 1939-1945 to Prussia and Germany, and in 1920–1939 to Free City of Danzig. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.
National Council (Bhutan)
The National Council is the upper house of Bhutan's bicameral Parliament, which also comprises the Druk Gyalpo (Dragon King) and the National Assembly.

While sharing similarities to the Rajya Sabha of neighbouring India and the upper houses of other bicameral Westminster-style parliaments, it cannot author monetary or budget-related bills, differing from others, its twenty Members are elected by the people of the twenty districts in a multi-layered election process with each block electing a nominee for the final district level elections. Besides creating and reviewing Bhutanese legislation, the National Council acts as the house of review on matters affecting the security, sovereignty, or interests of Bhutan that need to be brought to the notice of the Druk Gyalpo, the Prime Minister and the National Assembly. Twenty members of the first Council were elected in the first ever elections for the Council held on December 31, 2007 and January 29, 2008.

King of Bhutan
The King of Bhutan, officially the Druk Gyalpo (འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་པོ་; lit. 'Dragon King'), is the constitutional monarch and head of state of the Kingdom of Bhutan. In the Dzongkha language, Bhutan is known as Drukyul which translates as "The Land of the Thunder Dragon". Thus, while kings of Bhutan are known as Druk Gyalpo ("Dragon King"), the Bhutanese people call themselves the Drukpa, meaning "people of Druk (Bhutan)".

The current sovereign of Bhutan is Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, the fifth Druk Gyalpo. He wears the Raven Crown, which is the official crown worn by the kings of Bhutan. He is correctly styled "Mi'wang 'Ngada Rinpoche" ("His Majesty") and addressed "Ngada Rimboche" ("Your Majesty").

King Jigme Khesar was the youngest reigning monarch in the world, being 26 years old when he ascended the throne on 9 December 2006 after his father, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, abdicated the throne in his favour. He was 28 years old when he was crowned on 6 November 2008.
Dangerous Crossroads
Dangerous Crossroads is a 1933 American pre-Code action film directed by Lambert Hillyer and written by Lew Levenson. The film stars Charles "Chic" Sale, Diane Sinclair, Frank Albertson, Preston Foster, Jackie Searl and Niles Welch. The film was released on June 15, 1933, by Columbia Pictures.

Lambert Hillyer
Lambert Hillyer (July 8, 1893 – July 5, 1969) was an American film director and screenwriter. He is best known today for his many western features, his horror films The Invisible Ray and Dracula's Daughter, and the first Batman serial.
1946 Chatham Cup
The 1946 Chatham Cup was the 19th annual nationwide knockout football competition in New Zealand.

The competition was run on a regional basis, with regional associations each holding separate qualifying rounds. Teams taking part in the final rounds are known to have included Wellington Marist, Metro College (Auckland), Wanganui Old Boys, St. Andrews (Manawatu), Technical Old Boys (Christchurch), and Mosgiel.

Cashmere Technical FC
Cashmere Technical is an association football club based in Christchurch, New Zealand. It was formed in early 2012 from the merger of two of the city's premier teams, Cashmere Wanderers and Woolston Technical. The two clubs had agreed to work together in early 2011, and the 2011 Christchurch earthquake which devastated their home city and resulted in the loss of many playing facilities hastened their merger into a combined side.

Cashmere Technical play in the Mainland Premier League, and have won the Chatham Cup twice as Cashmere but also once as Christchurch Technical Old Boys.
Bjørn Floberg
Bjørn Floberg (born 12 September 1947) is a Norwegian actor of film, television and theatre. He is particularly noted for playing unsympathetic authority figures, but he has also had success playing other types of roles.

Izabella Scorupco
Izabella Scorupco (born Izabela Dorota Skorupko; 4 June 1970) is a Polish-born Swedish-American actress, singer and model. She is best known for having played a Bond girl, Natalya Simonova, in the 1995 James Bond film GoldenEye. She is also known for her cover of the Shirley & Company song "Shame, Shame, Shame" which was released in 1992 and became a European hit.
Arpita Ghosh
Arpita Ghosh,  is an Indian theatre artist and politician who serves as a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from West Bengal. She has served as the Member of Parliament of the 16th Lok Sabha for Balurghat (Lok Sabha constituency), West Bengal. She won the 2014 Indian general election being an All India Trinamool Congress candidate.

A theatre director, actor and playwright turned politician, she graduated B.Sc. from the Scottish Church College at the University of Calcutta.

Scottish Church College
Scottish Church College is a college affiliated by Calcutta University, India. It offers selective co-educational undergraduate and postgraduate studies and is the oldest continuously running Christian liberal arts and sciences college in Asia. It has been rated (A) by the Indian National Assessment and Accreditation Council. Students and alumni call themselves "Caledonians" in the name of the college festival, "Caledonia". The Scottish Church College has been embellished as GRADE-I Heritage Building on 8 November 2023.
Gábor Miklós Award
The Gábor Miklós Award is a Hungarian theater prize named after the famous actor Miklós Gábor. It is among the most important Hungarian theatrical recognitions, alongside the Kossuth Prize and the Jászai Mari Award. The award honors outstanding acting performances, especially in classical plays and Shakespeare roles, and celebrates excellence in Hungarian-language theatre.

Twelfth Night
Twelfth Night, or What You Will is a romantic comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written around 1601–1602 as a Twelfth Night entertainment for the close of the Christmas season. The play centres on the twins Viola and Sebastian, who are separated in a shipwreck. Viola (disguised as a page named 'Cesario') falls in love with the Duke Orsino, who in turn is in love with Countess Olivia. Upon meeting Viola, Countess Olivia falls in love with her, thinking she is a man.

The play expanded on the musical interludes and riotous disorder expected of the occasion, with plot elements drawn from Barnabe Rich's short story "Of Apollonius and Silla", based on a story by Matteo Bandello. The first documented public performance was on 2 February 1602, at Candlemas, the formal end of the Christmastide–Epiphanytide season in the Christian liturgical year's calendar. The play was not published until its inclusion in the 1623 First Folio.
Budhi Pallien
In Hinduism, Budhi Pallien (pronounced BOO-dee PAL-ee-en) is a fearsome goddess of forests and jungles, who roams northern India, particularly Assam, in the form of a tiger. This wise goddess can change shape, from human to feline form and often travels with a companion tiger as she protects animals, with which she communicates.

Jungle
A jungle is land covered with dense forest and tangled vegetation, usually in tropical climates. Application of the term has varied greatly during the past century. Because jungles occur on all inhabited landmasses and may incorporate numerous vegetation and land types in different climatic zones, the wildlife of jungles cannot be straightforwardly defined.