hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peruvian daffodil
Peruvian daffodil refers to several genera and species of plants:

Ismene, a genus of perennial bulbs

Paramongaia, a genus of perennial bulbs

Pamianthe, a genus of perennial bulbs

Hymenocallis, a genus of perennial bulbs

Chlidanthus fragrans, a bulbous geophyte native to Peru and  Argentina

Ismene (plant)
Ismene, or Peruvian daffodil, is a genus of South American plants in the Amaryllis family. The species are native to Peru and Ecuador and widely cultivated elsewhere as ornamentals because of their large, showy flowers.

Ismene produces tender perennial bulbs bearing a strong resemblance to those of Hymenocallis, a genus into which Ismene had often been grouped in the past. However, its morphology differs from Hymenocallis in several significant ways: its vegetative parts, natural range, and chromosome number are all distinct.
2001 Generali Ladies Linz
The 2001 Generali Ladies Linz is the 2001 Tier II WTA Tour tournament of the annually-held Generali Ladies Linz tennis tournament. It was the 15th edition of the tournament and was held from October 22–28, 2001 at the Design Center Linz. First-seeded Lindsay Davenport won the singles title.

Barbara Schwartz (tennis)
Barbara Schwartz (German pronunciation: [Barbara ʃvarts]; born 27 January 1979) is an Austrian former professional tennis player.

She turned professional in 1995 at the age of 16, and reached a career-high WTA ranking of 40 in November 1999, after reaching the quarterfinals at the Roland Garros that year, her best performance in a Grand Slam event.

Schwartz was unranked on the computer at the end of 2005. She retired from the tour in November 2006.
Johan Nykopp
Johan Albert Nykopp (27 May 1906, Le Vésinet, France – 28 April 1993) was a long-time Finnish diplomat and vuorineuvos. Towards the end of the 1950s he entered the world of business first as the CEO of the Finnish Employers' Union and then as managing director of Oy Tampella Ab from 1962 to 1972.

Vuorineuvos
Vuorineuvos (Finnish: [ˈʋuo̯riˌneu̯ʋos], 'mining councilor', literally Finnish for 'mountain councilor'; Swedish: bergsråd) is both a Finnish honorary title and a historical Swedish role on the Swedish Board of Mines. The Finnish title is granted by the President of Finland to leading figures in industry and commerce. The title is honorary and has no responsibilities and no privileges. All Finnish titles are non-hereditary. The only title of equal rank is valtioneuvos.
Ai Yazawa
Ai Yazawa (矢沢 あい, Yazawa Ai; born March 7, 1967) is a Japanese manga artist and illustrator. Yazawa debuted as a manga artist with her short story Ano Natsu (1985). She gained mainstream popularity in the 1990s and 2000s with her series I'm No Angel (1991), Neighborhood Story (1995), Paradise Kiss (1999), and Nana (2000), the latter being one of the best-selling manga series. Since June 2009, Yazawa has been focusing on illustration projects due to health concerns.

Ribon
Ribon (りぼん; lit. "Ribbon") is a monthly Japanese shōjo manga magazine published by Shueisha on the third of each month. First issued in August 1955, its rivals are Nakayoshi and Ciao. It is one of the best-selling shōjo manga magazines, having sold over 590 million copies since 1978. Its circulation was in the millions between 1987 and 2001, peaking at 2.3 million in 1994. In 2009, the magazine's circulation was 274,167. In 2010, the circulation dropped to 243,334.

Ribon has also inspired multiple spin-off magazines, including Bessatsu Ribon (1966–1968); Ribon Comics, renamed Junior Comics (1967–1968); Ribon Comic (1968–1971); Ribon Deluxe (1975–1978); and Ribon Original (1981–2006).
Seth Obeng
Lieutenant General Seth Kofi Obeng (born 26 January 1945) is a former Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of the Ghana Armed Forces. He was once also the Commander of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon. He is also a special adviser on African Union matters to the President of Ghana.

President of Ghana
The president of the Republic of Ghana is the elected head of state and head of government of Ghana, as well as commander-in-chief of the Ghana Armed Forces. The current president of Ghana is John Mahama, who won the 2024 presidential election against then vice president, Mahamudu Bawumia, by a margin of 14.94%. He was sworn into office on 7 January 2025.
An Act to extend the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for 10 years
The bill H.R. 3626, long title "To extend the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for 10 years", is a bill that extended the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for ten years. The Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 made it "unlawful to manufacture, import, sell, ship, deliver, possess, transfer, or receive any firearm" that is not detectable by a walk-through metal detector or "of which any major component, when subjected to inspection by x-ray machines commonly used at airports, does not generate an image that accurately depicts the shape of the component." H.R. 3626 passed the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

113th United States Congress
The 113th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, from January 3, 2013, to January 3, 2015, during the fifth and sixth years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives based on the results of the 2012 Senate elections and the 2012 House elections. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States census. It first met in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2013, and it ended on January 3, 2015. Senators elected to regular terms in 2008 were in the last two years of those terms during this Congress.

The Senate had a Democratic majority, while the House had a Republican majority; such a split would not be repeated until the 118th Congress. This was the last time Democrats held control of the Senate until the 117th Congress in 2021.
Earias
Earias is a genus of moths in the monotypic subfamily Eariadinae of the family Nolidae. The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1825. Species are found throughout Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia, some being agricultural pests such as bollworms.

Bollworm
Bollworm is the common term for a moth larva that attacks the fruiting bodies of certain crops, especially cotton.
The most common moths known as bollworms are:

Red or Sudan bollworm, Diparopsis castanea

Rough bollworm, Earias perhuegeli

Spotted bollworm, Earias fabia

Spiny bollworm, Earias insulana

Spotted bollworm, Earias vittella

American cotton bollworm or tomato grub, Helicoverpa armigera

Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa gelotopoeon

Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa punctigera

Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea

Tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens

Pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella

Pinkspotted bollworm, Pectinophora scutigera
Ontario Highway 51
King's Highway 51, commonly referred to as Highway 51, was a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario that connected Highway 3 in Eatonville with Rondeau Provincial Park. An earlier designation existed south of Orangeville, connecting Highway 24 with Highway 10 in Caledon Village. This iteration was assumed in 1938, but later renumbered as Highway 24 In 1961. The more recent incarnation of the route number was assumed in 1970, but then decommissioned in 1997 and transferred to what is now the city of Chatham-Kent.

Orangeville, Ontario
Orangeville is a town in south-central Ontario, Canada, and is the seat of Dufferin County.

The first patent of land was issued to Ezekiel Benson, a land surveyor, on August 7, 1820. That was followed by land issued to Alan Robinet in 1822.
East Oregonian
The East Oregonian is a weekly newspaper published in Pendleton, Oregon, United States and covering Umatilla and Morrow counties. EO is owned by EO Media Group and is the newspaper of record for Umatilla County.

Umatilla County, Oregon
Umatilla County (/ˌjuːməˈtɪlə/) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. The population of 81,826 ranks it as the 14th largest in Oregon, and largest in Eastern Oregon. Hermiston is the largest and fastest growing city in Umatilla County, but Pendleton remains the county seat.  Umatilla County is part of the Hermiston-Pendleton, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, which has a combined population of 94,833. It is included in the eight-county definition of Eastern Oregon.

The county is named for the Umatilla River.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 8th Plymouth district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 8th Plymouth district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers parts of Bristol County and Plymouth County. Republican Angelo D'Emilia of Bridgewater has represented the district from 2011 to 2025. Upon D'Emilia's retirement, Democrat Dennis Gallagher defeated Republican Sandra Wright in the 2024 election, becoming the first Democrat to hold the seat since 2010.

Plymouth County, Massachusetts
Plymouth County is a county in the U.S. state of Massachusetts, south of Boston. As of the 2020 census, the population was 530,819.  Its county seats are Plymouth and Brockton. In 1685, the county was created by the Plymouth General Court, the legislature of Plymouth Colony, predating its annexation by the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Plymouth County is part of the 
Boston–Cambridge–Newton, MA–NH Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Omagh (film)
Omagh is a 2004 Irish film dramatising the events surrounding the Omagh bombing and its aftermath, co-produced by Irish state broadcaster RTÉ and UK network Channel 4, and directed by Pete Travis. It was first shown on television in both countries in May 2004.

Michael Gallagher, whose son Aiden (Paul Kelly) was killed in the bombing, is played by Gerard McSorley, originally from Omagh. Out of respect for the residents of the town, it was filmed on location in Navan, County Meath, Republic of Ireland. The film ends with the Julie Miller song Broken Things, which was performed by local singer Juliet Turner at the memorial for the victims of the Omagh bombing.

Navan
Navan (/ˈnævən/ NAV-ən; Irish: An Uaimh [ənˠ ˈuəvʲ], meaning "the Cave") is the county town and largest town of County Meath, Ireland. It is at the confluence of the River Boyne and Blackwater, around 50 km northwest of Dublin. At the 2022 census, it had a population of 33,886, making it the fourteenth largest settlement in all of Ireland. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.
Francis Xavier Ford
Francis Xavier Ford, MM (January 11, 1892 - February 21, 1952) was an American Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Kaying from 1946 until his death in 1952. He was a member of the Maryknoll Missionaries in China. Because of his torture by the Communist regime and death in prison, he is considered a martyr. His cause for his canonization has begun, granting him the religious title of Servant of God.

Diocese of Brooklyn
The Diocese of Brooklyn (Latin: Diœcesis Bruklyniensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the state of New York. It is headquartered in Brooklyn and its territory encompasses the New York City boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens. Brooklyn is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of New York. The diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral Basilica of St. James in Downtown Brooklyn and its co-cathedral is the Co-Cathedral of St. Joseph in Prospect Heights. Brooklyn is one of the few dioceses in the United States that is made up of 100% urban territory. The bishop is Robert J. Brennan.
1994 Dronka floods and lightning strike
On 2 November 1994, a lightning strike ignited three diesel and aircraft fuel tanks belonging to the Egyptian Army strategic reserve near the village of Dronka, Asyut Governorate in Egypt. The lightning was part of a severe storm that caused heavy flash flooding and widespread damage in four governorates in Upper Egypt leading to hundreds of deaths and tens of thousands of people made homeless in one of Egypt's worst urban disasters. The flooding compounded with the lightning strike meant flaming oil leaked from the tanks and was carried by floodwater into the village. More than 200 houses were destroyed and 469 people killed.

Aviation fuel
Aviation fuels are either derived from petroleum or are blends of petroleum and synthetic fuels, and are used to power aircraft. These fuels have more stringent requirements than those used for ground-based applications, such as heating or road transportation. They also contain additives designed to enhance or preserve specific properties that are important for performance and handling. Most aviation fuels are kerosene-based—such as JP-8 and Jet A-1—and are used in gas turbine-powered aircraft. Piston-engined aircraft typically use leaded gasoline, while those equipped with diesel engines may use jet fuel (kerosene). As of 2012, all U.S. Air Force aircraft had been certified to operate on a 50-50 blend of kerosene and synthetic fuel derived from coal or natural gas, as part of an initiative to stabilize fuel costs.
Chaser (1786 ship)
Chaser (or Chacer) first appeared under that name in British records in 1786. She had been launched in 1771 at Philadelphia under another name, probably Lord North. Lord North became Cotton Planter, and then Planter, before she became Chaser. Between 1786 and 1790 Chaser made four voyages as a whaler in the British southern whale fishery. She then became a merchantman. In 1794 a privateer captured her but the Spanish recaptured her. She became a Liverpool-based Slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. In 1796 she was condemned in West Africa on her first voyage in the triangular trade before she could embark any enslaved people.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.
Great Hippocampus Question
The Great Hippocampus Question was a 19th-century scientific controversy about the anatomy of ape and human uniqueness. The dispute between Thomas Henry Huxley and Richard Owen became central to the scientific debate on human evolution that followed Charles Darwin's publication of On the Origin of Species. The name comes from the title of a satire the Reverend Charles Kingsley wrote about the arguments, which in modified form appeared as "the great hippopotamus test" in Kingsley's 1863 book for children, The Water-Babies, A Fairy Tale for a Land Baby. Together with other humorous skits on the topic, this helped to spread and popularise Darwin's ideas on evolution.

The key point that Owen asserted was that only humans had part of the brain then known as the hippocampus minor (now called the calcar avis), and that this gave us our unique abilities.  Careful dissection eventually showed that apes and monkeys also have a hippocampus minor.

Joseph Dalton Hooker
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For 20 years he served as director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, succeeding his father, William Jackson Hooker, and was awarded the highest honours of British science.
CGK Reddy
Cattamanchi Gopala Krishnamoorthy Reddy (12 January 1921 – 26 December 1994), commonly referred to as CGK Reddy, was an Indian activist, freedom fighter and politician. He was the first general manager of the Deccan Herald, a business manager at The Hindu, editor of Prajavani, founder director of the Research Institute of Newspaper Development (RIND), in Taramani, Chennai (now the Press Institute of India) and former president of The Indian Newspaper Society. During the Emergency, he collaborated closely with George Fernandes, notably as part of the Baroda dynamite case. He helped to found the People's Union for Civil Liberties, and served as President of the Karnataka chapter.

Deccan Herald
Deccan Herald is an Indian English-language daily newspaper published from the Indian state of Karnataka. It was founded by businessman K. N. Guruswamy and launched on 17 June 1948. It is published by The Printers Mysore, a privately held company owned by the Nettakallappa family, heirs of Guruswamy. It has seven editions printed from Bengaluru, Hubballi, Davanagere, Hosapete, Mysuru, Mangaluru, and Kalaburagi.
2014 Vietnam Open Grand Prix
The 2014 Vietnam Open Grand Prix is the twelfth Vietnam Open grand prix gold and grand prix tournament of the 2014 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament is held in Tan Binh Sports Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam September 1–7, 2014 and has a total purse of $50,000.

Alfian Eko Prasetya
Alfian Eko Prasetya (born 4 August 1994) is an Indonesian badminton player specializes in doubles, affiliated with Jaya Raya Jakarta badminton club. He was the mixed doubles gold medalist at the 2011 BWF World Junior Championships partnered with Gloria Emanuelle Widjaja. He won his first Grand Prix title at the 2014 New Zealand Open with Annisa Saufika.
Sijeruk
Sijeruk (Indonesian pronunciation: [sid͡ʒəˈrʊk̚]) is a village in Banjarmangu, Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java, Indonesia on the island of Java. On 4 January 2006 (2006-01-04), the village was buried under tons of mud and rocks from a landslide. Initial reports indicated between 100 and 190 deaths or missing people. Sijeruk is located approximately 210 miles (340 km) east of Jakarta.

Banjarnegara Regency
Banjarnegara (Indonesian: Kabupaten Banjarnegara, pronounced [kabuˌpat̪ɛn baɲd͡ʒarnəˈɡara]; Javanese: Kabupatèn Banjarnegara) is an inland regency (kabupaten) in the southwestern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. The regency covers an area of 1,069.71 km2, and it had a population of 868,913 at the 2010 Census and 1,017,767 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 1,071,977 (comprising 545,513 males and 526,464 females). The majority speak the Banyumasan dialect of Javanese. Its capital is the town of Banjarnegara.
Mrigauliya
Mrigauliya मृगौलिया is a town under Sundar Haraicha Municipality in Morang District in the Kosi Zone in South-Eastern Nepal.  At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 10,577 people living in 1977 individual households.

Kosi Zone
Kosi or Koshi (Nepali: कोसी अञ्चल, Nepali: कोशी अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. The headquarters of Kosi Zone was Biratnagar which was also its largest city. Other cities of Kosi Zone were Inaruwa, Dharan, Dhankuta, Jhumka, Duhabi, Tarahara and Itahari. Its main rivers were Arun, Tamor and Sapta Koshi.
NCIS: Los Angeles season 2
The second season of NCIS: Los Angeles an American police procedural drama television series originally aired on CBS from September 21, 2010, through May 17, 2011. The season was produced by Shane Brennan Productions and CBS Television Studios, with Shane Brennan as showrunner and executive producer. The season continues to follow the stories of the members of the Office of Special Projects, an undercover division of the Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS).

The season features a major cast change: Eric Christian Olsen joins the cast, reprising his role as Marty Deeks from season one. Renée Felice Smith joins the team in episode 4 in a recurring capacity, and is promoted to a starring role in the eleventh episode. Peter Cambor is no longer a series regular, and is credited as a special guest star in the 4 episodes he appears.

Showrunner
A showrunner is the top-level executive producer of a television series. The position outranks other creative and management personnel, including episode directors, in contrast to feature films, in which the director has creative control over the production, and the executive producer's role is limited to investing. In scripted comedy and drama TV shows, the showrunner also usually serves as the head writer (or its most prolific writer). The role of a showrunner is not present on all television series, especially outside the United States; this article describes the nature of the role where it is present.
2020 Upper Austria Ladies Linz
The 2020 Upper Austria Ladies Linz was a  women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 30th edition of the Linz Open, and part of the WTA International tournaments category of the 2020 WTA Tour. Originally scheduled from 19 to 25 October 2020 at the TipsArena Linz in Linz, Austria, it was rescheduled for 9 to 15 November 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Katarina Zavatska
Katarina Vitaliivna Zavatska (Ukrainian: Катаріна Віталіївна Завацька; born 5 February 2000) is a Ukrainian tennis player.
Zavatska has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 103, achieved February 2020, and a best doubles ranking of 337, reached on 14 June 2021. She has won nine singles titles and two doubles titles at tournaments of the ITF Circuit.
Joe Klopfenstein
Joseph Wayne Klopfenstein (born November 9, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the St. Louis Rams in the second round of the 2006 NFL draft. He played college football for the Colorado Buffaloes.

Colorado Buffaloes football
The Colorado Buffaloes football program represents the University of Colorado Boulder in college football at the NCAA Division I FBS level, and is a member of the Big 12 Conference.

The team was a charter member of the Big 12 before leaving to join the Pac-12 Conference after the 2010 season. After 13 seasons in the Pac-12, the team returned to the Big 12 in 2024. Before joining the Big 12, they were members of the Big Eight Conference.

The team has played at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado since 1924. Their all-time record is 735–556–36 (.577 winning percentage) as of the 2025 season. Colorado won the 1990 National Championship that was shared by Georgia Tech. The team is 27th on the all-time win list and 40th in all-time winning percentage, along with two Heisman Trophy winners, Rashaan Salaam in 1994 and Travis Hunter in 2024.
Smaiyl Duisebay
Smaiyl Duisebay (born 28 May 1996) is a Kazakhstani taekwondo practitioner. He won the silver medal in the –87 kg event at the 2019 Summer Universiade held in Naples, Italy. In the same year, he also competed in the men's middleweight event at the 2019 World Taekwondo Championships held in Manchester, United Kingdom.

In 2015, he competed in the men's middleweight event at the World Taekwondo Championships held in Chelyabinsk, Russia. He was eliminated in his second match. Two years later, he was also eliminated in his second match in the same event at the 2017 World Taekwondo Championships held in Muju County, South Korea.

2017 World Taekwondo Championships – Men's middleweight
The men's middleweight is a competition featured at the 2017 World Taekwondo Championships, and was held at the Taekwondowon in Muju County, South Korea on June 28 and June 29. Middleweights were limited to a maximum of 87 kilograms in body mass.
Thrasymachus of Corinth
Thrasymachus (Greek: Θρασύμαχος; fl. 4th century BCE) of Corinth, was a philosopher of the Megarian school. Little is known about him except that he was colleague and friend of Ichthyas, and he had presumably been taught by Euclid of Megara, the founder of the school. He was said to have been the teacher of Stilpo.

Megarian school
The Megarian school of philosophy, which flourished in the 4th century BC, was founded by Euclides of Megara, one of the pupils of Socrates. Its ethical teachings were derived from Socrates, recognizing a single good, which was apparently combined with the Eleatic doctrine of Unity. Some of Euclides' successors developed logic to such an extent that they became a separate school, known as the Dialectical school. Their work on modal logic, logical conditionals, and propositional logic played an important role in the development of logic in antiquity.