hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Child Welfare Information Gateway
The Child Welfare Information Gateway is the congressionally mandated and funded information service of the United States Children's Bureau, Administration for Children and Families, United States Department of Health and Human Services. It was established in 2006 to replace the National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect Information and the National Adoption Information Clearinghouse.
The Child Welfare Information Gateway covers child-welfare topics, including family-centered practice, child abuse and neglect, abuse and neglect prevention, child protection, family preservation and support, foster care, achieving and maintaining permanency, adoption, management of child welfare agencies and related topics such as child and family assessment, laws and policies, statistics and coincident family issues (e.g., domestic violence and substance abuse). Its website links to sources of print and electronic publications, websites, databases and online learning tools on these topics.

Neglect
In the context of caregiving, neglect is a form of abuse where the perpetrator, who is responsible for caring for someone who is unable to care for themselves, fails to do so. It can be a result of carelessness, indifference, or unwillingness and abuse.

Neglect may include the failure to provide sufficient supervision, nourishment, or medical care, or the failure to fulfill other needs for which the victim cannot provide themselves. The term is also applied when necessary care is withheld by those responsible for providing it from animals, plants, and even inanimate objects. Neglect can carry on in a child's life falling into many long-term side effects, including physical injuries, developmental trauma disorder, low self-esteem, attention disorders, violent behavior, and death.
Packard Hall
Packard Hall, originally known as Middle Hall is a historic academic building on the campus of Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts. Built in 1856, it was Tufts' second building constructed on Walnut Hill following Ballou Hall in 1852. The building currently houses the Department of Political Science.

Medford, Massachusetts
Medford is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. At the time of the 2020 United States census, Medford's population was 59,659. It is home to Tufts University, which has its campus on both sides of the Medford and Somerville border.
Probiy
Probiy (Ukrainian: Пробій; also called, Yaremche) is a waterfall on the Prut River, in Yaremche City,  Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine. Probiy is 8 metres (26 ft) high and is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the Ukrainian Carpathians.

Yaremche
Yaremche (Ukrainian: Яремче, IPA: [jɐˈrɛmtʃe] ⓘ; Polish: Jaremcze or Jaremcza) is a town in Nadvirna Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (province) of west Ukraine. The Town is located at the altitude of around 580 metres (1,900 ft) above mean sea level. Yaremche hosts the administration of Yaremche urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 7,907 (2022 estimate).

Yaremche hosts the headquarters of the nearby Carpathian National Nature Park.
Richard Millar Watson
Richard Millar Thomson (19 March 1860 – 23 February 1925) was a Scottish tennis player. In major tournaments of the 19th century he was a quarter finalist in singles at the 1890 Irish Championships. He also won the Scottish National Championships in 1894.

Pollokshields Open
The Pollokshields Open  was a combined grass court tennis tournament founded in 1886. The tournament was at times played alongside the West of Scotland Championships. It was played at the Pollokshields Athletic Club grounds, Pollokshields, Scotland until 1898.
Pancastikayasara
Pañcāstikāyasāra ("The Essence of Reality") is an ancient Jain text authored by Acharya Kundakunda. Kundakunda explains the Jain concepts of dravya (substance) and Ethics. The work serves as a brief version of the Jaina philosophy. There are total 180 verses written in Prakrit language. The text is about five (panch) āstikāya, substances that have real existence and have substance, namely Jīva (soul), Pudgala (matter), Dharma (medium of motion), Adharma (medium of rest), and Akasa (space).

A modern English translation was published by Vijay K. Jain in 2018.

Dharma (Jainism)
Jain texts assign a wide range of meaning to the Sanskrit dharma or Prakrit dhamma. It is often translated as “religion” and as such, Jainism is called Jain Dharma by its adherents.

In Jainism, the word "Dharma" is used to refer the following: religion; dharmastikaay (the principle of motion) as a dravya (substance or a reality); the true nature of a thing; and ten virtues like forgiveness, etc., also called ten forms of dharma.

The Tirthankaras are believed to be the supreme teachers of the Jain Dharma. These teachings are understood to ford a passage across Samsara.
Faryad Shiri
Faryad Poet (: فەریاد شیری) is a contemporary Iranian Kurdish poet, critic, writer and translator. He works on Kurdish and Persian literature. Faryad was born in Sahneh in 1971. He has published more than twenty works consisting of his poems, translations and stories. He also has received several awards such as the Iran poetry prize (2002).

Kurdish literature
Kurdish literature (Kurdish: وێژەی کوردی, romanized: Wêjeya kurdî or ئەدەبی کوردی) is literature written in the Kurdish languages. Literary Kurdish works have been written in each of the six main Kurdish languages: Zaza, Gorani, Kurmanji, Sorani, Laki and Southern Kurdish. Balül, a 9th-century poet and religious scholar of the Yarsani faith, is the first well-known poet who wrote in Gorani Kurdish. Ehmedê Xanî (1650–1707) is probably the most renowned of the old Kurdish poets. He wrote the romantic epic Mem û Zîn in Kurmanji, sometimes considered the Kurdish national epic. Sorani poetry developed mainly after the late 18th century.

Most written Kurdish literature was poetry until the 20th century, when prose genres began to be developed.
Shillya
Shillya also spelled as Shilla or Silla is a village located in Lowa Ramgopalpur Gram Payanchayet in Galsi I CD Block in Bardhaman Sadar North subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district in West Bengal in India.

Damodar River
Damodar River (Pron: /ˈdʌmoˌdaː/) is a river flowing across the Indian states of Jharkhand and West Bengal. The valley is rich in mineral resources and is known for large-scale mining and industrial activity. It was also known as the Sorrow of Bengal because of the ravaging floods it caused in the plains of West Bengal. The construction of several dams on the Damodar and its tributaries has helped control some of the flooding.
Bill Quay
Bill Quay is a residential area in Gateshead, located around 4 miles (6.4 km) from Newcastle upon Tyne, 12 miles (19 km) from Sunderland, and 17 miles (27 km) from Durham. In 2011, Census data for the Gateshead Metropolitan Borough Council ward of Heworth and Pelaw recorded a total population of 9,100.

Bill Quay is situated between Hebburn to the east, and Pelaw to the southwest. It lies on the south bank of the River Tyne, facing Walker. The area is home to Bill Quay Albion Cricket Club, competitors in the Durham Cricket League.

Newcastle International Airport
Newcastle International Airport (IATA: NCL, ICAO: EGNT) is an international airport serving Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Located approximately 7.7 mi (12.4 km) from Newcastle City Centre, it is the primary and busiest airport in North East England, and the second busiest in Northern England. In 2019, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Newcastle International handled 5.2 million passengers annually.

Newcastle Airport has a Civil Aviation Authority Public Use Aerodrome Licence (Number P725) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction.

In 2019, it was named the best airport in Europe of those serving 5–15 million passengers annually by Airports Council International (ACI) for the second consecutive year.
Abel Bazán
Abel Bazán (23 December 1833 – 24 October 1903) was an Argentine politician and jurist born in La Rioja, Argentina, who studied law at the National University of Córdoba and was titled Doctor of Jurisprudence.

Bazán became a politician in La Rioja Province, serving as minister of government under the governorship of Colonel Domingo Antonio Villafañe, then in the Argentine Senate from 1864 until 1880 and as provincial deputy in the constituent convention of 1898.

As a judge, Bazán was most prominent. He worked in Santa Fe Province and Córdoba. In 1890, he was appointed to the supreme court by President of Argentina Miguel Juárez Celman. In 1903, shortly before dying at age 69, president Julio Argentino Roca appointed him  President of the Supreme Court.

Córdoba Province, Argentina
Córdoba (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkoɾðoβa]) is a province of Argentina, located in the center of the country. Its neighboring provinces are (clockwise from the north) Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Buenos Aires, La Pampa, San Luis, La Rioja, and Catamarca. Together with Santa Fe and Entre Ríos, the province is part of the economic and political association known as the Center Region.

Córdoba is the second-most populous Argentine province, with 3,978,984 inhabitants, and the fifth by size, at about 165,321 km2 (63,831 sq mi). Almost 41% of its inhabitants reside in the capital city, Córdoba, and its surroundings, making it the second most populous metro area in Argentina.
Lingan Generating Station
The Lingan Generating Station is a 620 MW Canadian coal-fired electrical generating station located in the community of Lingan in Nova Scotia's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. Lingan is operated by Nova Scotia Power Inc. and is their largest generating station.

Lingan Generating Station rests on the shores of the Cabot Strait, open to Indian Bay, approximately 1.6 km (0.99 mi) south-west of the headland named North Head and 0.7 km (0.43 mi) north of the headland named Little Head. Its civic address is 2599 Hinchey Avenue, Lingan, NS.

A thermal generating station, Lingan was opened by then-provincial Crown corporation Nova Scotia Power Corporation on November 1, 1979 at the height of the 1970s oil crisis. It was designed to burn bituminous coal mined by the Cape Breton Development Corporation (DEVCO) at the nearby Lingan Colliery and the adjacent Phalen Colliery as a means of reducing Nova Scotia's reliance of foreign oil for electrical generation.

Cabot Strait
Cabot Strait (/ˈkæbət/; French: détroit de Cabot, French: [kabo]) is in Atlantic Canada between Cape Ray, Newfoundland, and Cape North, Cape Breton Island. The strait, approximately 110 kilometres wide, is the widest of the three outlets for the Gulf of Saint Lawrence into the Atlantic Ocean, the others being the Strait of Belle Isle and Strait of Canso.  It is named for the Italian explorer Giovanni Caboto.
World Series of Fighting 35: Ivanov vs. Jordan
World Series of Fighting 35: Ivanov vs. Jordan was mixed martial arts event promoted by the World Series of Fighting that was held on March 18, 2017 at Turning Stone Casino in Verona, New York.  It was the last for the WSOF before it was rebranded as the Professional Fighters League.

Verona, New York
Verona (called Te-o-na-ta-le, "pine forest" by the Haudenosaunee) is a town in southwestern Oneida County, New York, United States. The population was 6,293 at the 2010 census. The town was named after Verona, Italy.

Verona is located 8 miles (13 km) south of the city of Rome.
Andrew Stamp
Andrew Stamp (born 2001) is a retired British trampoline gymnast. Stamp competed at the 2018 Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires where he won a historic silver medal in the boys' individual competition; the first Youth Olympic Games trampoline medal for Great Britain.

Trampolining
Trampolining or trampoline gymnastics is a competitive Olympic sport in which athletes perform acrobatics while bouncing on a trampoline. In competition, these can include simple jumps in the straight, pike, tuck, or straddle position to more complex combinations of forward and/or backward somersaults and twists. Scoring is based on the difficulty and on the total seconds spent in the air; points are deducted for bad form and horizontal displacement from the center of the bed.

Outside of the Olympics, competitions are referred to as gym sport, trampoline gymnastics, or gymnastics, which includes the events of trampoline, synchronised trampoline, double mini trampoline and tumbling.
KZSZ
KZSZ (107.5 FM, "La Zeta") is a commercial radio station located in Colusa, California, broadcasting a regional Mexican format to the Chico, California, Sacramento, Woodland and Yuba City markets in California, on 107.5 FM in Chico.

Woodland, California
Woodland is a city in and the county seat of Yolo County, California, United States. Located approximately 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Sacramento, it is a part of the Sacramento metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, Woodland had a population of 61,032.

Woodland's origins date to 1850 when California gained statehood and Yolo County was established. The area was well irrigated due to the efforts of James Moore, which drew people into farming as the soil was very fertile. The city gained a federal post office in 1861 with the help of Missourian Frank S. Freeman. A year after this, in 1862, the county seat was moved from Washington (present day West Sacramento) to Woodland after Washington was flooded. The addition of a railroad line to Sacramento, and the more recent addition of Interstate 5, helped the city to thrive.
Outline of energy
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to energy:

Energy – in physics, this is an indirectly observed quantity often understood as the ability of a physical system to do work on other physical systems. Since work is defined as a force acting through a distance (a length of space), energy is always equivalent to the ability to exert force (a pull or a push) against an object that is moving along a definite path of certain length.

History of energy
In the history of physics, the history of energy examines the gradual development of energy as a central scientific concept. Classical mechanics was initially understood through the study of motion and force by thinkers like Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton, the importance of the concept of energy was made clear in the 19th century with the principles of thermodynamics, particularly the conservation of energy which established that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. In the 20th century Albert Einstein's mass–energy equivalence expanded this understanding by linking mass and energy, and quantum mechanics introduced quantized energy levels. Today, energy is recognized as a fundamental conserved quantity across all domains of physics, underlying both classical and quantum phenomena.
Order of the Black Eagle (film)
Order of the Black Eagle (aka Black Eagle) is an American action B movie released in December 1987.  The film is a sequel to Unmasking the Idol, a 1986 spy film by the same director (Keeter), story-writer (Eaton), and screenplay writer (Behrens). Leonard Worth Keeter III directed the film in Shelby, North Carolina, at Earl Owensby Studios, and the surrounding area.

Shelby, North Carolina
Shelby is a city in and the county seat of Cleveland County, North Carolina. It lies near the western edge of the Charlotte-Concord, NC-SC Combined Statistical Area. The population was 21,918 at the 2020 census.
Mira Renge
Mira Kalyanrao Renge (Marathi: मीरा कल्याणराव रेंगे) is Shiv Sena politician from Parbhani district, Marathwada. She was member of the 12th Maharashtra Legislative Assembly representing the Pathri Assembly Constituency.

Parbhani district
Parbhani district (Marathi pronunciation: [pəɾbʰəɳiː] ⓘ) is one of the eight districts in the Marathawada region of Maharashtra state of India. Parbhani city is the headquarters of this district. The district is well known for the Marathwada rebellion and religious tourism(Hinduism, Jainism).
Coal forest
Coal forests or coal swamps were the vast swathes of freshwater swamp and riparian forests that covered much of the lands on Earth's tropical regions during the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) and Permian periods. As plant matter from these wetland forests decayed, enormous deposits of peat accumulated, which later became buried and converted into coal over the subsequent geologic eras.

Riparian forest
A riparian forest or riparian woodland is a forested or wooded area of land adjacent to a body of water such as a river, stream, pond, lake, marshland, estuary, canal, sink, or reservoir. Due to the broad nature of the definition, riparian woodlands have a huge diversity of characteristics including but not limited to soil composition, microclimates, and vegetative structures. However, among the varied range and landscapes, one factor stays constant: a high rate of primary productivity. This makes riparian forests hugely important centers of nutrient recycling.
JZP-386
JZP-386, also known as deuterated sodium oxybate, deuterated γ-hydroxybutyrate (deu-GHB), or d4-sodium oxybate, is a deuterated analogue of sodium oxybate (γ-hydroxybutyrate; GHB) which is under development for the treatment of narcolepsy. It is taken orally. In a clinical study, JZP-386 showed greater circulating levels and correspondingly stronger effects than sodium oxybate. The drug was originated by Concert Pharmaceuticals (now part of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries) and is under development by Jazz Pharmaceuticals. As of March 2023, no recent development has been reported. JZP-386 reached phase 1 clinical trials by 2014. It was said that the enhanced properties of JZP-386 were insufficient to support further clinical development and other avenues are instead being explored. There was also interest in JZP-386 for the potential treatment of fibromyalgia.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
Aley Mountain
Aley Mountain is a summit in northwest Wayne County, Missouri. The mountain forms an arc shaped mountain mass with three distinct peaks. The western peak has an elevation of 1,184 feet (361 m) while the two peaks to the northeast are each above 1200 feet.

The peak is about four miles northwest of Patterson and four miles south of Des Arc. Access is via county roads from route 34 to the south or route 49 at Gads Hill to the west.

Aley Mountain has the name of Solomon Aley, a pioneer citizen.

Gads Hill, Missouri
Gads Hill is an unincorporated community in northwestern Wayne County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Route 49, approximately midway between Des Arc and Piedmont. Named after the country home of Charles Dickens, it was established in 1872 by George W. Creath. The town's name was changed to Zeitonia in 1887, but reverted to Gads Hill in 1906.

The town was a train station on the St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway line and was the location of the Gads Hill Train Robbery, the first train robbery in Missouri, which took place on January 31, 1874. At 3:00 in the afternoon, the James-Younger gang boarded the train and proceeded to rob the passengers.  While the exact amount was never certain, newspapers at the time estimated between $2,000 and $22,000 was stolen.
Kyle Christie
Kyle Christie is a Hong Kong cricketer. In 2016, Christie responded to an advert that Cricket Hong Kong posted on Facebook for Hong Kong-born cricketers who are overseas. Later that year, he made his international debut for the Hong Kong national cricket team.

He made his One Day International (ODI) debut against Papua New Guinea on 6 November 2016. He made his first-class debut for Hong Kong against Afghanistan in the 2015–17 ICC Intercontinental Cup on 20 October 2017.

In September 2019, he was named in Hong Kong's Twenty20 International (T20I) squad for the 2019–20 Oman Pentangular Series, and the 2019 ICC T20 World Cup Qualifier tournament in the United Arab Emirates. He made his T20I debut for Hong Kong, against Oman, on 5 October 2019.

2019–20 Oman Pentangular Series
The 2019–20 Oman Pentangular Series was a Twenty20 International (T20I) cricket tournament, that was held in Oman in October 2019. Originally scheduled to be played between four teams, it was increased to five. The series was played by Hong Kong, Ireland, Nepal, the Netherlands and hosts Oman ahead of the 2019 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Qualifier tournament in the United Arab Emirates. All the matches were played at the Al Amerat Cricket Stadium in Muscat.

In September 2019, when Cricket Hong Kong announced their squad, Anshuman Rath was not included in the side, after quitting the national team to pursue a career in India. Following Rath's announcement to quit playing for the Hong Kong team, Babar Hayat then declared that he was no longer available to play for Hong Kong. Brothers Tanveer Ahmed and Ehsan Nawaz also withdrew themselves for selection.

Hosts Oman won the tournament, after they won all four of their matches, with Ireland finishing as the runners-up.
Thornton (ward)
Thornton ward was an administrative division of the London Borough of Lambeth, United Kingdom from 1965 to 2022.

The ward comprised the communities of Clapham Park and the Hyde Farm Estate. The ward shared the borough's western boundary with Wandsworth along Cavendish Road and Emmanuel Road alongside Tooting Bec Common. The south eastern boundary then continued along Emmanuel Road and New Park Road to the A205 South Circular Road. The boundaries of northern part of the ward followed the boundaries of the Clapham Park estate east of Kings Avenue and then cross to run down Clarence Avenue and Poynders Road.

The ward was located in the Streatham parliamentary constituency.

London Borough of Lambeth
Lambeth (/ˈlæmbəθ/ ⓘ) is a London borough in South London, England, which forms part of Inner London. Its name was recorded in 1062 as Lambehitha ("landing place for lambs") and in 1255 as Lambeth. The geographical centre of London is at Frazier Street near Lambeth North tube station, though nearby Charing Cross on the other side of the Thames in the City of Westminster is traditionally considered the centre of London.
Tyrannochthonius butleri
Tyrannochthonius butleri is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Chthoniidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1991 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey. The specific epithet butleri honours naturalist Harry Butler (1930–2015), who provided funding for fieldwork in the Cape Range.

Mark Harvey (arachnologist)
Mark Stephen Harvey (born 17 September 1958) is a museum scientist and biologist specializing in Australian arachnids. Since 1989 he has been based at the Western Australian Museum as Curator of Arachnids and Myriapods. He has described over 1,000 species, being one of the few biologists to do so.