hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Echinostoma hortense
Echinostoma hortense is an intestinal fluke of the class Trematoda, which has been found to infect humans in East Asian countries such as Korea, China, and Japan. This parasite resides in the intestines of birds, rats and other mammals such as humans. While human infections are very rare in other regions of the world, East Asian countries have reported human infections up to about 24% of the population in some endemic sub-regions. E. hortense infections are zoonotic infections, which occurs from eating raw or undercooked freshwater fish. The primary disease associated with an E. hortense infection is called echinostomiasis, which is a general name given to diseases caused by Trematodes of the genus Echinostoma.

Freshwater fish
Freshwater fish are fish species that spend some or all of their lives in bodies of fresh water such as rivers, lakes, ponds and inland wetlands, where the salinity is less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine habitats in many ways, especially the difference in levels of osmolarity. To survive in fresh water, fish need a range of physiological adaptations.

41.24% of all known species of fish are found in fresh water. This is primarily due to the rapid speciation that the scattered habitats make possible. When dealing with ponds and lakes, one might use the same basic models of speciation as when studying island biogeography.
Chioma Igwe
Chioma Nisa IgweListenⓘ (born July 21, 1986) is an American former soccer midfielder. The San Mateo, California native is a former member of the United States U-20 women's national soccer team.

From the 2011/12 until 2014/15 she played in the German Bundesliga for Freiburg.  In May 2015, it was announced that Igwe had joined SC Sand.

Igwe's father played on the Nigeria national football team after playing at the University of San Francisco (1975 to 1979).
Her name "Chioma" means "God is good" in Igbo.

By the end of 2016/17 season, she announced her retirement from professional soccer, at the age of 30.

Nigeria national football team
The Nigeria national football team represents Nigeria in international men's football. Governed by the Nigeria Football Federation (NFF), they are three-time Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) winners, with their most recent title in 2013. In February 2024, the Nigerian national football team was ranked 28th in the FIFA rankings. The team has qualified for six of the last nine FIFA World Cups, missing only the 2006, 2022 and 2026 tournaments. They have reached the round of 16 on three occasions. Their first World Cup appearance was in the 1994 edition. The team is a member of FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Peter McGann
Peter McGann is an Irish comedian, actor, writer and director. He is a two-time Goss.ie-award nominee.

McGann was raised near Rathdrum, County Wicklow, and lives in Sandymount, Dublin with his wife and daughter. He studied film as an undergraduate, and holds a master's degree in screenwriting from the University of Galway.

McGann rose to prominence posting comedy sketches during the 2020 Covid-19 lockdown that frequently went viral. McGann has represented France at the Bureau De Change Song Contest. He had his first national stand-up tour, Great Lad, in 2024.

The Roaring Banshees, a play McGann co-wrote with John Morton about a mob of Irish women in prohibition-era Chicago, was announced to be adapted as a television series in 2025 after a successful theatrical run.

University of Galway
The University of Galway (Irish: Ollscoil na Gaillimhe) is a public research university located in the city of Galway, Ireland. The university was founded in 1845 as Queen's College, Galway. It was known as "University College, Galway" (UCG) (Irish: Coláiste na hOllscoile, Gaillimh) from 1908 to 1997 and as "National University of Ireland Galway" (NUI Galway) (Irish: Ollscoil na hÉireann Gaillimh; OÉ Gaillimh) from 1997 to 2022. In September 2022, it changed its name to "Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway". It is also a member of the Coimbra Group, a network of 42 long-established European universities.
Mamerki
Mamerki [maˈmɛrki] (German: Mauerwald) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Węgorzewo, within Węgorzewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is located in the historic region of Masuria, at the point where the Masurian Canal and Lake Mamry meet.

It is located near the town of Węgorzewo and close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

A bunker complex, former headquarters of the Supreme Command of the Land Forces (OKH) from World War II, is located in Mamerki. Now it houses a museum.

Masuria
Masuria (Polish: Mazury [maˈzurɨ] ⓘ; Masurian: Mazurÿ; German: Masuren [maˈzuːʁən] ⓘ) is an ethnographic and geographic region in northern and northeastern Poland, known for its 2,000 lakes. Masuria occupies much of the Masurian Lake District. Administratively, it is part of the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship (administrative area/province). Its biggest city, often regarded as its capital, is Ełk. The region covers a territory of some 10,000 km2 which approximately 500,000 people inhabit.

Masuria is bordered by Warmia, Powiśle and Chełmno Land in the west, Mazovia in the south, Podlachia and Suwałki Region in the east, and Lithuania Minor in the north.
Pakenham South
Pakenham South is a suburb and rural locality in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 59 km (37 mi) south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Shire of Cardinia local government area. Pakenham South recorded a population of 229 at the 2021 census.

Shire of Cardinia
The Shire of Cardinia is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, in the south-east of Melbourne between Western Port and the Yarra Ranges on the outskirts of Melbourne. It has an area of 1,283 square kilometres (495 sq mi), and recorded a population of 118,194 at the 2021 census.

Cardinia Shire Council Offices are located in Officer. Prior to 17 November 2014, they were located in Pakenham.
Tüp Game Reserve
Tüp Game Reserve (Kyrgyz: Түп зоологиялык (аң уулоочу) заказниги) is a protected area in Tüp District of Issyk-Kul Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is situated on the north side of the Teskey Alatoo mountain range, in the basin of the rivers Tüp and Karkyra. Its purpose is to protect roe deer, boar, and Cervus elaphus. Established in 1976, the reserve occupies 15,000 hectares.

Tüp (river)
The Tüp (Kyrgyz: Түп [tʰʉp]; Russian: Тюп [tʲʉp]) is a river in Tüp District and Ak-Suu District of Issyk-Kul Region of Kyrgyzstan. It rises on north slopes of Teskey Ala-Too Range, takes in several tributaries from the Kungey Alatau and flows into lake Issyk-Kul. With its length of 120 km (75 mi) the Tüp is the longest river of the Issyk-Kul basin. The basin area is 1,180 square kilometres (460 sq mi), the second largest of the rivers entering Issyk-Kul.
Passing exercise (naval term)
A passing exercise (a PASSEX in U.S. Navy terminology) is an exercise done between two navies to ensure that the navies are able to communicate and cooperate in times of war or humanitarian relief.

Common drills include flashing light drills, semaphore drills, and flaghoist drills.  In modern times, navies within a very close alliance may include electronic and digital cooperation including using electronic communications and target acquisition.  Some exercises between the French and US navies (particularly in support of the war in Afghanistan) have included carrier-based fighter-bombers "touching down" (landing then taking off) on each other's carriers to ensure interoperability.

While the official reason of a PASSEX is to practice cooperation, various unofficial reasons might be to "show the flag" (show the power of a nation through a public display of naval power) or other political or diplomatic reasons.

Flag semaphore
Flag semaphore (from the Ancient Greek σῆμα (sêma) 'sign' and -φέρω (-phero) '-bearer') is a semaphore system conveying information at a distance by means of visual signals with hand-held flags, rods, disks, paddles, or occasionally bare or gloved hands. Information is encoded by the position of the flags; it is read when the flag is in a fixed position. Semaphores were adopted and widely used (with hand-held flags replacing the mechanical arms of shutter semaphores) in the maritime world in the 19th century. It is still used during underway replenishment at sea and is acceptable for emergency communication in daylight or, using lighted wands instead of flags, at night.
Kotla Sarang Khan
Kotla Sarang Khan is a village located in Kharian Tehsil, Gujrat District in Punjab Province of Pakistan.

The nearest town, Lalamusa, is seven kilometers to the northeast. The village has a population of almost 10,000 and holds two seats in the local area government union council. The main occupation is farming.

Gujrat District
Gujrat (Punjabi, Urdu: ضلع گجرات) is a district of Gujrat Division in the Pakistani province of Punjab. The Gujrat District was created by the British Government in 1846. According to the 2023 Pakistani census, the population of the Gujrat District is 3,219,375.
Thomas Garm Pedersen
Thomas Garm Pedersen is a Danish professor in physics and nanotechnology at Aalborg University. His research concerns the nanostructure of materials.

Pedersen's research has resulted in a large research project regarding the development of more efficient solar power cells with silicon-based materials and nanostructures.

In 2004,  Pedersen received the Danish Optical Society Award for “Excellent contributions to modelling of optical and electronic phenomena”.

Aalborg University
Aalborg University (AAU) is an international public university with campuses in Aalborg, Esbjerg, and Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1974, the university awards bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and PhD degrees in a wide variety of subjects within humanities, social sciences, information technology, design, engineering, exact sciences, and medicine.
Epidosite
Epidosite (/ɪˈpɪdəsaɪt/) is a highly altered epidote and quartz bearing rock.  It is the result of slow hydrothermal alteration or metasomatism of the basaltic sheeted dike complex and associated plagiogranites that occurs below the massive sulfide ore deposits which occur in ophiolites.  Most epidosites represent the zone of intense metal leaching below and lateral to the sulfide deposits which is the result of convection of heated ocean water through the fractured basalts of the sheeted dikes.

Trondhjemite
Trondhjemite is a leucocratic (light-colored) intrusive igneous rock. It is a variety of tonalite in which the plagioclase is mostly in the form of oligoclase. Trondhjemites that occur in the oceanic crust or in ophiolites are usually called plagiogranites.

Trondhjemite is common in Archean terranes occurring in conjunction with tonalite and granodiorite as the TTG (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite) orthogneiss suite. Trondhjemite dikes also commonly form part of the sheeted dike complex of an ophiolite.

The rock type was first described by Victor Goldschmidt in 1916. The name of the rock type is derived from the city of Trondheim, Norway.
Dingley, Northamptonshire
Dingley is a village and civil parish in Northamptonshire, England, located along the A427, about 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the nearest town, Market Harborough. It is also close to the A6 and near the border with Leicestershire. At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 209 people, reducing to 194 at the 2011 census.

The villages name origin is uncertain. 'Dynni's wood/clearing' or perhaps, 'hollow wood/clearing'.

A6 road (England)
The A6 is one of the main north–south roads in England. It runs from Luton in Bedfordshire to Carlisle in Cumbria, although it formerly started at a junction with the A1 at Barnet in north London, and is described as running from London to Carlisle.

Running north-west from Luton, the road passes through Bedford, bypasses Rushden, Kettering and Market Harborough, continues through Leicester, Loughborough, Derby and Matlock before passing through the Peak District to Bakewell, Buxton, Stockport, Manchester, Salford, Chorley, Preston, Lancaster, Kendal and Penrith before reaching Carlisle.

South of Derby, the road runs approximately parallel to the M1 motorway; between Manchester and Preston, it is close to the M6 and M61 motorways; and from Preston to its northern terminus in Carlisle, it is close to the M6.
Horse Chops Island
Horse Chops Island is a small island off of the coast of Labrador near the mouth of Sandwich Bay. It is named for its many cliff-faced hills. A shallow bay named Black Duck Cove can be found on the north coast of the island. Munden Island lies just off the north point of Horse Chops Island, and to its northwest is another small group of islands, the Partridge Harbour Islands, which surround and shelter Partridge Harbour. Long and narrow, Pigeon Island lies about 1.5 km further northwest.

Sandwich Bay (Newfoundland and Labrador)
Sandwich Bay (Inuktitut: Natsitok) is a natural bay on the coast of Labrador in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The principal permanent settlement is Cartwright, located at the south entrance to the inner part of the bay. Other settlements along the bay include Paradise River and North River. Both of these communities are located at the outlets of the rivers of the same name into the bay. There is a road following the entire eastern coastline of Sandwich Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador Route 516 (Cartwright Highway).
Pine-Strawberry Elementary School District
Pine-Strawberry School District 12  is a school district in Arizona. Much of the district is in Gila County, where it includes the communities of Pine and Strawberry. A small section of the district extends into Yavapai County.

The Chevelon Butte School District, which covers most of Blue Ridge, does not operate any schools. It sends its Blue Ridge area students to the Pine-Strawberry district for elementary school.

Pine, Arizona
Pine is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Gila County, Arizona, United States. The population was 1,953 at the 2020 census. Pine was established by four Mormon families in 1879.

Pine and the adjacent community of Strawberry are rapidly growing vacation and retirement centers in north-central Arizona, below the Mogollon Rim. Pine's elevation is 5,369 feet (1,636 m), and the Pine post office was established in 1884.
Pygmy ringtail possum
The pygmy ringtail possum (Pseudochirulus mayeri) is a species of marsupial in the family Pseudocheiridae. It is found in the montane forest regions of Papua New Guinea and West Papua, Indonesia.  They are "widespread along the Central Cordillera" and live at elevations between 1,500 and 3,600 metres (4,900 and 11,800 ft) above sea level."

Pygmy ringtails are herbivores or "arboreal folivores" that eat pollen, lichen, fungus and "epiphytic moss." P. mayeri also eat the bark of trees, which provides them with calcium and potassium.  They have "large incisor" teeth which help with "clipping forage from plants" and have "selenodont molars" that help with "shredding ingested foliage."  They have "an enlarged cecum that acts as a fermentation chamber" and allows "gut bacteria to breakdown [sic] plant tissue." The extra retention time allows the pygmy ringtail to obtain more nutrients from the ingested forage.

Cecum
The cecum (UK: caecum, pronounced /ˈsiːkəm/; plural ceca or UK: caeca, pronounced /ˈsiːkə/) is a pouch within the peritoneum that is considered to be the beginning of the large intestine. It is typically located on the right side of the body (the same side of the body as the appendix, to which it is joined). The term stems from the Latin caecus, meaning "blind".

It receives chyme from the ileum, and connects to the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve (ICV), also called Bauhin's valve. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction. While the cecum is usually intraperitoneal, the ascending colon is retroperitoneal.

In herbivores, the cecum stores food material where bacteria are able to break down the cellulose. In humans, the cecum is involved in absorption of salts and electrolytes and lubricates the solid waste that passes into the large intestine.
Bucculatrix muraseae
Bucculatrix muraseae is a moth in the family Bucculatricidae. It was described by Shigeki Kobayashi, Toshiya Hirowatari and Hiroshi Kuroko in 2010. It is found in Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu).

The wingspan is 6–8 mm.

Bucculatricidae
Bucculatricidae or (Bucculatrigidae) is a family of moths. This small family has representatives in all parts of the world. Some authors place the group as a subfamily of the family Lyonetiidae.

Adults of this family are easily overlooked, being very small with narrow wings wrapped around the body at rest. When small, the larvae are leaf-miners, forming distinctive brown blotches on leaves. When larger, they usually feed on the leaves externally. Many species have specific host plants. The pupal cases have distinctive longitudinal ridges, leading to members of the family commonly being called ribbed cocoon makers.

Some authors recognize just a single large genus, Bucculatrix, although two Australian genera, Cryphioxena and the scribbly gum moths (Ogmograptis spp.) are now sometimes placed in this family rather than in Elachistidae.
Tyler Trojans
The Tyler Trojans were a minor league baseball team based in Tyler, Texas that played on-and-off from 1924 to 1950. The team played in the East Texas League (1924–1926, 1931, 1936–1940, 1946, 1949–1950), Lone Star League (1927–1929, 1947–1948) and West Dixie League (1935). The team was affiliated with the New York Giants in 1935 and 1936, the Cleveland Indians in 1939, the St. Louis Browns (1940) and Cincinnati Reds (1947–1949).

The squad won league championships in 1924, under manager Pop Kitchens, in 1938, under managers Doug Taitt, Fred Browning and Red Rollings and in 1940, under managers Bobby Goff and Sam Hancock.

Multiple Major League Baseball players spent time with the team, most notably later Major Leaguer Phil Weintraub and All-Stars Roy McMillan and Harry Walker.

Lone Star League
The Lone Star League was the name of three American minor professional baseball leagues located in the state of Texas during the 20th century. The leagues operated from 1927–1929 (as a Class D circuit), 1947–1948 (Class C) and 1977 (Class A).
Phillipole Marak
Phillipole Marak is an Indian politician and member of the National People's Party. Marak was a member of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly from the Kherapara constituency in West Garo Hills district.

West Garo Hills district
West Garo Hills district is an administrative district in Garo Hills of the state of Meghalaya in India. Tura town is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district occupies an area of 3714 km2. In 2011, its population was 643,291. As of 2011, it is the second most populous district of Meghalaya (out of 7), after East Khasi Hills.

West Garo Hills district is located at the westernmost part of Meghalaya. The district is bounded by East Garo Hills district on the east, by South Garo Hills district on the south-east, Goalpara district of Assam state on the north and north-west and Bangladesh on the south.
Personal Mountains
Personal Mountains is a live album by American jazz pianist Keith Jarrett recorded in Tokyo during his April 1979 tour in Japan, and released by ECM ten years later, in 1989.  The quartet—Jarrett's "European Quartet"—features saxophonist Jan Garbarek and rhythm section Palle Danielsson and Jon Christensen.

ECM Records
ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the most beautiful sound next to silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in Coda, a Canadian jazz magazine.

ECM has been distributed in the U.S. by Warner Bros. Records, PolyGram Records, BMG, and, since 1999, Universal Music, the successor of PolyGram, worldwide. Its album covers were profiled in two books: Sleeves of Desire and Windfall Light, both published by Lars Müller.
Miramar, Bocas del Toro
Miramar  is a corregimiento in Chiriquí Grande District, Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. It has a land area of 26.9 square kilometres (10.4 sq mi) and had a population of 1,232 as of 2010, giving it a population density of 45.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (119/sq mi). It was created by Law 10 of March 7, 1997; this measure was complemented by Law 5 of January 19, 1998 and Law 69 of October 28, 1998. Its population as of 2000 was 912.

Corregimientos of Panama
In Panama, a corregimiento is a subdivision of a district, which in turn is a subdivision of a province. It is the smallest administrative division level in the country; which is further subdivided into populated places/centres. As of 2012, Panama is subdivided into a total of 693 corregimientos, since several of these were created in the province of Bocas del Toro and the indigenous region (comarca indígena) of Ngäbe-Buglé.
Pin compatibility
In electronics, pin-compatible devices are electronic components, generally integrated circuits or expansion cards, sharing a common footprint and with the same functions assigned or usable on the same pins. Pin compatibility is a property desired by systems integrators as it allows a product to be updated without redesigning printed circuit boards, which can reduce costs and decrease time to market.

Although devices which are pin-compatible share a common footprint, they are not necessarily electrically or thermally compatible. As a result, manufacturers often specify devices as being either pin-to-pin or drop-in compatible. Pin-compatible devices are generally produced to allow upgrading within a single product line, to allow end-of-life devices to be replaced with newer equivalents, or to compete with the equivalent products of other manufacturers.

Product lifecycle
In industry, product lifecycle management (PLM) is the process of managing the entire lifecycle of a product from its inception through the engineering, design, and manufacture, as well as the service and disposal of manufactured products. PLM integrates people, data, processes, and business systems and provides a product information backbone for companies and their extended enterprises.
Naples waste management crisis
The Naples waste management crisis is a series of events surrounding the lack of waste collection and illegal toxic waste dumping in and around the Province of Naples (now known as the Metropolitan City of Naples), Campania, Italy, beginning in the 1980s. In 1994, Campania formally declared a state of emergency, ending in 2008.  However, the crisis has had negative effects on the environment and on human health, specifically in an area that became known as the triangle of death. Due to the burning of accumulated toxic wastes in overfilled landfills and the streets, Naples's surrounding areas became known as the "Land of pyres" (terra dei fuochi). The crisis is largely attributed to government failure to efficiently manage waste, as well as the illegal waste disposal by the Camorra criminal organization.

Pyre
A pyre (Ancient Greek: πυρά, romanized: purá; from  πῦρ (pûr) 'fire'), also known as a funeral pyre, is a structure, usually made of wood, for burning a body as part of a funeral rite or execution. As a form of cremation, a body is placed upon or under the pyre, which is then set on fire.

In discussing ancient Greek religion, "pyre" (the normal Greek word for fire anglicized) is also used for the sacred fires at altars, on which parts of the animal sacrifice were burnt as an offering to the deity.