hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Built Environment (journal)
Built Environment is a peer-reviewed academic journal focused on urban planning and related fields. It began in 1956 as Official Architecture and Planning and was renamed Built Environment in 1972. Between 1975 and 1978 it was known as Built Environment Quarterly. Topics discussed in the journal include: "architecture, conservation, economic development, environmental planning, health, housing, regeneration, social issues, spatial planning, sustainability, urban design, and transport." As of 2020, David Banister, Stephen Marshall, and Lucy Natarajan serve as editors. The commercial Alexandrine Press in the UK publishes the journal. Issues appear four times per year.

Environmental planning
Environmental planning is the process of facilitating decision making to carry out land development with the consideration given to the natural environment, social, political, economic and governance factors and provides a holistic framework to achieve sustainable outcomes. A major goal of environmental planning is to create sustainable communities, which aim to conserve and protect undeveloped land.
Cho In-chul
Cho In-Chul (Korean: 조인철; born 4 March 1976) won three medals at the World Judo Championships (of which two gold and one bronze) and two olympic medals (a bronze in the 1996 Olympic Games and a silver at the Sydney Olympic Games).

World Judo Championships
The World Judo Championships are the highest level of international judo competition, next to the quadrennial judo events at the Summer Olympic Games. The world championships are held by the International Judo Federation annually, except the calendar years of the Summer Olympics. Qualified judoka compete in their respective categories as representatives of their home countries. Team fixtures have also been held since 1994. The men's championships first took place in 1956, though the format and periodicity of the competition have changed over time. The last edition of the World Judo Championships (2025) was held in Budapest, Hungary.
Maithilisharan Gupt
Dr Maithilisharan Gupt (3 August 1886 – 12 December 1964) was one of the most important modern Hindi poets. He is considered one among the pioneers of Khari Boli (plain dialect) poetry and wrote in Khari Boli dialect, at a time when most Hindi poets favoured the use of Braj Bhasha dialect. He was a recipient of the third highest (then second highest) Indian civilian honour of Padma Bhushan. For his book Bharat-Bharati (1912), widely quoted during India's freedom struggle, he was given the title of Rashtra Kavi by Mahatma Gandhi.

In 1956, Rashtrakavi Maithili Sharan Gupt Abhinandan Samiti Calcutta published an Abhinandan Granth, a comprehensive 1000 page document in honour of his life and work.

His family now runs the RMSG Group of Institutions in Chirgaon, promoting his ideals of empowering education, especially among girls.

Braj Bhasha
Braj is a language within the Indo-Aryan language family spoken in the Braj region in Western Uttar Pradesh centered on Mathura. Along with Awadhi, it was one of the two predominant literary languages of North-Central India before gradually merging and contributing to the development of standardized Hindi in the 19th century. It is spoken today in its unique form in many districts of Western Uttar Pradesh, often referred to as 'Central Braj Bhasha'.

The language was historically used for Vaishnavite poetry dedicated to Krishna, whose life was associated with sites in the Braj region. There were also early prose works in terms of the hagiographical vārtā literature of the Vallabha sect.

Braj is considered by scholars to be a more conservative example of the Central Indo-Aryan languages compared to the Hindustani language, which has been influenced by Punjabi and intermediate dialects.
1994 Slick 50 300
The 1994 Slick 50 300 was the 16th stock car race of the 1994 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 36th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, July 10, 1994, in Loudon, New Hampshire, at New Hampshire International Speedway, a 1.058-mile (1.703 km) permanent, oval-shaped, low-banked racetrack. The race took the scheduled 300 laps to complete. On the final restart of the race with eight laps to go, Ricky Rudd, driving for his own Rudd Performance Motorsports team would manage to hold off the field to take his 15th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his only victory of the season. Meanwhile, second-place finisher, Richard Childress Racing driver Dale Earnhardt would retake the overall driver's championship lead after a poor finish from then-points leader Ernie Irvan. To fill out the top three, Penske Racing South driver Rusty Wallace would finish third.

Ricky Rudd
Richard Lee Rudd (born September 12, 1956), nicknamed "the Rooster", is an American former racing driver and racing team owner. He is the uncle of actor Skeet Ulrich and former NASCAR Busch Series driver Jason Rudd. He retired in 2007 with 23 career wins; twenty were done in a span from 1983 to 1998, where he won at least one race in sixteen consecutive seasons, a mark only surpassed by three other drivers. He was named the 2006 Virginian of the Year and was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame in 2007. In October 2010, he was selected to the Hampton Roads Sports Hall of Fame, which honors those who have contributed to sports in southeastern Virginia.
Kawa Nemir
Kawa Nemir (born 29 May 1974, Iğdir, Turkey) is a Kurdish writer and translator of English language works into the Kurdish language. His translations include Ulysses by James Joyce and the play Hamlet of William Shakespeare. He was also the editor-in-chief of the Kurdish literary magazine Jiyana Rewşen.

Iğdır
Iğdır (Turkish: [ˈɯːdɯɾ] ⓘ; Armenian: Իգդիր, romanized: Igdir or Ցոլակերտ, Tsʿolakert; Azerbaijani: İğdır; Kurdish: Îdir or Reşqelas) is a city in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Iğdır Province and Iğdır District. Its population is 101,700 (2022).
Honor of the Knights
Honor of the Knights (Catalan: Honor de cavalleria; also known as Honor of the Knights/Quixotic) is a 2006 slow film by Catalan auteur Albert Serra. The film re-envisions the adventures from the Miguel de Cervantes novel Don Quixote, eschewing the Cervantes narrative in favour of placing Quixote and Sancho Panza on a contemplative, wandering story. Serra explained that he chose the subject-matter of the film so he could "focus on atmosphere... on things I love better than just showing the plot... With these characters... I don’t care about being more or less faithful to the original source or character that comes from literature or history".

The film was screened at the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2006 Cannes Film Festival.

Slow cinema
Slow cinema is a genre of art cinema characterised by a style that is minimalist, observational, and with little or no narrative, and which typically emphasizes long takes. It is sometimes called contemplative cinema.
William Morton Pitt
William Morton Pitt, FRS (16 May 1754 – 28 February 1836) was a British Member of Parliament.

He was the eldest son of John Pitt of Encombe House, Dorset and educated at Queen's College, Oxford. He entered Lincoln's Inn to study law in 1774.

In 1780 he was returned to Parliament as the Member for Poole, which he represented until 1790 after which he represented Dorset from 1790 to 1826.

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1787.

He died in 1836. He had married twice; firstly Margaret, the daughter of John Gambier, Governor of the Bahamas, with whom he had a daughter, and secondly Grace Amelia, the daughter of Henry Seymour of Hanford, Dorset, with whom he had 2 sons and a daughter. Pitt's library was sold by auction by R. H. Evans in London on 9 May 1838 (and five following days). A copy of the catalogue is held at Cambridge University Library (shelfmark Munby.c.144e(4)).

Encombe House
Encombe House is a privately owned, Grade II* listed country house built in 1735 on the Encombe Estate near the village of Kingston and about 1-mile (1.6 km) inland of Dorset's Jurassic Coast in southern England. The parkland is Grade II* listed in the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.
Mantle and pavilion (heraldry)
In heraldry, a mantle is a symbol of sovereign power and is generally reserved for royalty. In some cases, its use has also been granted to other nobles, in recognition of particular merits. In ordinary rendering, the mantle is usually crimson and lined with ermine.

Certain coats of arms may also display a pavilion (similar to a baldachin) surmounting the mantle. The pavilion is said to be the invention of the Frenchman Philip Moreau. Some republics have displayed a mantle and pavillon in their coats of arms, contemporarily Serbia.

While common in continental European heraldry, the mantle and pavilion is not found in English or Scottish heraldry, except for the mantle of a Scottish feudal baron.

Mantle and pavilion should not be confused with mantling.

Ermine (heraldry)
Ermine (/ˈɜːrmɪn/) in heraldry is a fur, a type of tincture, consisting of a white background with a pattern of black shapes representing the winter coat of the stoat (a species of weasel with white fur and a black-tipped tail). The linings of medieval coronation cloaks and some other garments, usually reserved for use by high-ranking peers and royalty, were made by sewing many ermine furs together to produce a luxurious white fur with patterns of hanging black-tipped tails. Due largely to the association of the ermine fur with the linings of coronation cloaks, crowns and peerage caps, the heraldic tincture of ermine was usually reserved to similar applications in heraldry (i.e., the linings of crowns and chapeaux and of the royal canopy). In heraldry it has become especially associated with the Duchy of Brittany and Breton heraldry.
Miles Smith
Miles Smith is the name of:

Miles Smith (bishop) (1554–1624), English theologian, Bishop of Gloucester

Miles Smith (sprinter) (born 1984), American sprinter

Miles Staniforth Cater Smith (1869–1934), Australian politician and colonial administrator

See also

Miles Smith Farm, beef farm in Loudon, New Hampshire

Myles Smith, British singer

Miles Smith (bishop)
Miles Smith (1554, Hereford – 1624, Gloucester) was a clergyman of the Church of England renowned as a theologian, scholar and bibliophile. After attaining the degree of doctor of divinity, he became Bishop of Gloucester (1612–1624). Although he may have been at times an indifferent administrator, his erudition contributed fundamentally to the translation and production of the King James Bible.
Brookeville, Maryland
Brookeville is a town in Montgomery County, Maryland, located 20 km (12 mi) north of Washington, D.C., and 2 km (1.2 mi) north of Olney. Brookeville was settled by Quakers late in the 18th century and was incorporated as a town in 1808. Historically a farming town, Brookeville is now at the northern edge of the densely developed Washington suburbs. The population was 166 at the 2020 census.

Brookeville is notable as the "United States Capital for a Day": when British troops burned Washington, D.C., during the War of 1812, President James Madison sought refuge in the town on August 26, 1814. During the American Civil War, Brookeville, along with nearby Sandy Spring, was a stop on the Underground Railroad.

Patuxent River
The Patuxent River is a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay in the state of Maryland.  There are three main river drainages for central Maryland:  the Potomac River to the west passing through Washington, D.C., the Patapsco River to the northeast passing through Baltimore, and the Patuxent River between the two.  The 908-square-mile (2,352 km2) Patuxent watershed had a rapidly growing population of 590,769 in 2000. It is the largest and longest river entirely within Maryland, and its watershed is the largest completely within the state.
Smith Collection
The Smith Collection is a collection of philatelic material relating to the United Nations and the League of Nations that forms part of the British Library Philatelic Collections. The collection was formed by M. Martin Smith and bequeathed to the library in 2002.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
The United Travel Service
The United Travel Service was an American garage rock band formed in Portland, Oregon, in 1966. The group gained recognition as outsiders, taking a musical route that separated them from the trends set in the region by the Sonics and the Fabulous Wailers. Though largely overlooked on a national level, the United Travel Service has become revered for two psychedelia-tinged singles.

The Fabulous Wailers
The Wailers, often known as The Fabulous Wailers, were an American rock band from Tacoma, Washington.  They became popular in the Pacific Northwest from the late 1950s to the early 1960s, performing saxophone-driven R&B and Chuck Berry rock and roll.  Their biggest hit was "Tall Cool One", first released in 1959, and they have been credited as being "one of the very first, if not the first, of the American garage bands."
Exie, Kentucky
Exie is an unincorporated community in Green County, Kentucky, United States.  It lies at the intersection of U.S. Route 68 with Kentucky Routes 487 and 745, south of the city of Greensburg, the county seat of Green County.  Its elevation is 801 feet (245 m).

A post office was established in the community in 1890 and named for schoolteacher Exie Dowdy.

Greensburg, Kentucky
Greensburg is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Green County, Kentucky, United States. As of the 2020 census, Greensburg had a population of 2,179.

The Downtown Greensburg Historic District is on the National Register of Historic Places and includes the oldest courthouse west of the Allegheny Mountains.
Acarospora citrina
Acarospora citrina is a lichen in the family, Acarosporaceae, first described as Urceolaria citrina by 
Thomas Taylor in 1847.  It was assigned to the genus, Acarospora, in 1913 by Alexander Zahlbruckner.

This lichen has been found in all mainland states of Australia, on rocks in sclerophyll woodland.

Acarosporaceae
The Acarosporaceae are a family of fungi in the order Acarosporales. Members of this family have a widespread distribution, and are mostly lichenized with green algae. According to a 2021 estimate, the family contains 11 genera and about 260 species. The family is characterised by a hamathecium formed of paraphysoids (hyphal structures similar in function to true paraphyses, but often branched and forming a network).
I Want to Be Free (Toyah song)
"I Want to Be Free" is a song by the English new wave band Toyah, fronted by Toyah Willcox, released as a single in May 1981 by Safari Records. The song promoted Toyah's third studio album Anthem (1981) and was a Top 10 chart hit in the UK and Ireland.

Joel Bogen
Joel Bogen (born 3 September 1958) is an English rock and punk guitarist.  He worked with Toyah Willcox from the late 1970s to 1983 as the guitar player in her eponymous band and was the co-writer on nearly all of the material they recorded. Bogen also produced Heaven, the 1997 debut album of neo soul artist Jai, for M&G and RCA Records.
Forkhead box protein O1
Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), also known as forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma (FKHR), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXO1 gene. FOXO1 is a transcription factor that plays important roles in regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis by insulin signaling, and is also central to the decision for a preadipocyte to commit to adipogenesis. It is primarily regulated through phosphorylation on multiple residues; its transcriptional activity is dependent on its phosphorylation state.

DNA-binding domain
A DNA-binding domain (DBD) is an independently folded protein domain that contains at least one structural motif that recognizes double- or single-stranded DNA.  A DBD can recognize a specific DNA sequence (a recognition sequence) or have a general affinity to DNA. Some DNA-binding domains may also include nucleic acids in their folded structure.
771 Naval Air Squadron
771 Naval Air Squadron (771 NAS) of the Fleet Air Arm was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN). It was formed on 24 May 1939 at HMS Daedalus, Lee-on-Solent as a Fleet Requirements Unit with 14 Fairey Swordfish TSR biplanes. The squadron carried out various exercises with ships and provided towed targets for naval air gunners, and was decommissioned on 22 March 2016.

Boyd Trophy
The Boyd Trophy is a silver model of a Fairey Swordfish, which was presented by the Fairey Aviation Company Limited in 1946, in commemoration of the work for Naval Aviation of Admiral Sir Denis Boyd, KCB, CBE, DSC, RN.  It is awarded annually to the naval pilot(s) or aircrew who, in the opinion of the Flag Officer, Naval Air Command, has achieved the finest feat of aviation during the previous year.  It is held by the ship, station or establishment in which the winner(s) was/were serving at the time the winning feat was achieved.
Hundred of Coombe
The Hundred of Coombe is a Hundred of the County of Cardwell (South Australia) centred on the bounded rural locality of  Colebatch, South Australia near the town of Tintinara, South Australia  in the Murray Mallee region of South Australia.

Colebatch, South Australia
Colebatch is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located in the state’s south-east about 162 kilometres (101 mi) south-east of the state capital of Adelaide and about 81 kilometres (50 mi) south-east of the municipal seat in Tailem Bend.

Its boundaries were created on 24 August 2000.  Its name is derived from the cadastral unit of the Hundred of Colebatch.

The majority land use within Colebatch is ’primary production’ and is concerned with “agricultural production.”  Some land in the south which is occupied by the Messent Conservation Park is zoned for ‘conservation’.

The locality includes a granite underground tank and guttering system which is listed as a state heritage place on the South Australian Heritage Register.

Colebatch is located within the federal division of Barker, the state electoral district of MacKillop and the local government area of the Coorong District Council.
Floyd E. Wheeler
Floyd Ernest Wheeler (March 18, 1905 – February 9, 1995) was an American politician, teacher, and lawyer.

Born in Beloit, Wisconsin, Wheeler received his bachelor's degree from Beloit College and his law degree from University of Wisconsin Law School. He also did graduate work at Harvard Law School. He practiced law, taught at Evansville High School, and was the assistant physical director at the Beloit YMCA. Wheeler was also the assistant to the dean of the University of Wisconsin College of Letters and Science. In 1953, Wheeler served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Democrat. He lived in Madison, Wisconsin and died there in 1995.

Beloit College
Beloit College is a private liberal arts college in Beloit, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1846 when Wisconsin was still a territory, it is the state's oldest continuously operated college. It has an enrollment of roughly 1,000 undergraduate students.
Lichess
Lichess (/ˈliː.tʃɛs/, LEE-ches) is an Internet chess server that is free and open-source, run by a non-profit organization of the same name. Users of the site can play online chess anonymously and optionally register an account to play games to earn a rating on Lichess. Lichess is ad-free and all the features are available for free, as the site is funded by donations from patrons, who receive a special badge as thanks for their support. Features include chess puzzles, computer analysis, tournaments and chess variants.

Dunsany's chess
Dunsany's chess, also known as Dunsany's game, is an asymmetric chess variant in which Black has the standard chess army and White has 32 pawns. This game was invented by Lord Dunsany in 1942. It was published the same year in Fairy Chess Review (August issue) and in Joseph Boyer's Nouveaux Jeux d'Echecs Non-orthodoxes. A similar game is Horde chess.
Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Act
On March 9, 2008, Zimbabwe's president, Robert Mugabe, signed the Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Bill into law.  The bill was passed through parliament in September 2007 by President Mugabe's party, the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF), in spite of resistance by the opposition party, Movement for Democratic Change (MDC).

Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai
The Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC–T) was a centre-left political party and was the main opposition party in the House of Assembly of Zimbabwe ahead of the 2018 elections. After the split of the original Movement for Democratic Change in 2005, the MDC–T remained the major opposition faction, while a smaller faction, the Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube, or MDC–N, was led by Welshman Ncube.
John Zaritsky
John Zaritsky (13 July 1943 – 30 March 2022) was a Canadian documentarian/filmmaker. His work has been broadcast in 35 countries and screened at more than 40 film festivals around the world; in 1983, his film Just Another Missing Kid won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.

Frontline (American TV program)
Frontline (stylized in all capital letters) is an investigative documentary program distributed by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in the United States. Episodes are produced at WGBH in Boston, Massachusetts. The series has covered a variety of domestic and international issues, including terrorism, elections, environmental disasters, and other sociopolitical issues. Since its debut in 1983, Frontline has aired in the U.S. for 42 seasons, and has won critical acclaim and awards in broadcast journalism. Frontline has produced over 800 documentaries from both in-house and independent filmmakers, 200 of which are available online.
Jumurda Manor
Jumurda Manor (Latvian: Jumurdas muižas pils) is a manor house in Jumurda Parish, Madona Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. It was built after 1856 in Eclectic style. Vandalized during the Revolution of 1905, the manor was restored in 1907. After 1929 it housed the Jumurda primary school for many years. The estate buildings and manor house are gradually being renovated to create a resort hotel complex.

Vidzeme
Vidzeme (pronounced [ˈvid̪͡z̪eme]; Old Latvian orthography: Widda-semme, Livonian: Vidūmō) is one of the Historical Latvian Lands. The capital of Latvia, Riga, is situated in the southwestern part of the region. Literally meaning "the Middle Land", Vidzeme is situated in north-central Latvia north of the Daugava River. Sometimes in German, it was also known as Livland, the German form from Latin Livonia, though it comprises only a small part of Medieval Livonia and about half (the Latvian part) of Swedish Livonia. Most of the region's inhabitants are Latvians (85%), thus Vidzeme is the most ethnically Latvian region in the country.

The historic Governorate of Livonia is also larger than Vidzeme, since it corresponds roughly to Swedish Livonia.
Naphtali Herz Halberstadt
Naphtali Herz ben Ẓebi Hirsch Halberstadt (Hebrew: נפתלי הירץ בן צבי הירש אבד״ק האלברשטט; fl. 18th century) was a rabbi at Dubno, Volhynia. Responsa of his regarding the Cleve divorce case are found in Israel Lipschütz's collection Or Israel (1770). In the same collection are some responsa by his brother Solomon Dob Baer, rabbi of Glogau. Another brother, Simḥah, was rabbi of Dessau.

Israel Lipschitz
Yisrael Lifschitz (Hebrew: ישראל ליפשיץ‏; 1782–1860) was a leading 19th-century Ashkenazi rabbi, first in Dessau and then in the Jewish Community of Danzig. He was the author of the commentary "Tiferes Yisrael" on the Mishnah.