hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Susannah Ostrehan
Susannah Ostrehan (died 1809) was a Barbadian businesswoman who owned a number of properties in Bridgetown. She was a freed slave, and acquired a number of slaves herself, many of which were friends or family she purchased in order to expedite their manumission.

Berbice
Berbice (/bɜːrˈbiːs/) is a region along the Berbice River in Guyana, which was between 1627 and 1792 a colony of the Dutch West India Company and between 1792 and 1815 a colony of the Dutch state. After having been ceded to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in the latter year, it was merged with Demerara-Essequibo to form the colony of British Guiana in 1831. It became a county of British Guiana in 1838 till 1958. In 1966, British Guiana gained independence as Guyana and in 1970 it became a republic as the Co-operative Republic of Guyana.

After being a hereditary fief in the possession of the Van Peere family, the colony was governed by the Society of Berbice in the second half of the colonial period, akin to the neighbouring colony of Suriname, which was governed by the Society of Suriname. The capital of Berbice was at Fort Nassau until 1790. In that year, the town of New Amsterdam, which grew around Fort Sint Andries, was made the new capital of the colony.
Raffensperger
Raffensperger is a German-language surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Brad Raffensperger (born 1955), American politician who has served as Secretary of State of Georgia since 2019.

Carolyn Raffensperger, American environmental lawyer

Leonard Raffensperger (1903–1974), American football and basketball player and coach

Leonard Raffensperger
Leonard Raffensperger (November 6, 1903 – September 19, 1974) was an American football and basketball player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of Iowa for two seasons in 1950 and 1951, compiling a record of 5–10–3. Raffensperger played football and basketball at Iowa and then served as a high school football coach for 21 years before joining the Iowa Hawkeyes football staff as an assistant coach in 1948.
Cape Koritsky
45°33′28″N 148°45′14″E﻿ / ﻿45.55778°N 148.75389°E﻿ / 45.55778; 148.75389

Cape Koritsky (Russian: Мыс Корицкий, Mys Koritsky) is the northernmost point of Iturup, one of the Kuril Islands. In Japanese, the cape is called either Cape Kamoiwakka (カモイワッカ岬, Kamoiwakka-misaki) or Cape Kamuiwakka (カムイワッカ岬, Kamuiwakka-misaki).

The Southern Kuril Islands, including Iturup, are currently administrated by Russia. However, Japan also claims these islands.  Since the cape is the northernmost point of the Southern Kuriles, it is also the northernmost point under Japanese claim.

Under Russian administration, the cape is a part of Kurilsky District of Sakhalin Oblast. According to Japanese claim, the cape is a part of Shibetoro Village (蘂取村), Shibetoro District, Nemuro Subprefecture, Hokkaidō.

Sakhalin Oblast
Sakhalin Oblast (Russian: Сахали́нская о́бласть, romanized: Sakhalinskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [səxɐˈlʲinskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) comprising the island of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands in the Russian Far East. The oblast has an area of 87,100 square kilometers (33,600 sq mi). Its administrative center and largest city is Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast has a population of 466,609.

The vast majority of the oblast's residents are ethnic Russians, with a small minority of Sakhalin Koreans. Sakhalin Oblast is rich in natural gas and oil, and is Russia's second wealthiest federal subject after the Tyumen Oblast. It borders by sea Khabarovsk Krai to the west and Kamchatka Krai to the north, along with Hokkaido, Japan to the south.
Michele Zukovsky
Michele Zukovsky (née Bloch) is an American clarinetist and longest serving female woodwind player in the history of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra, serving from 1961 at the age of 18 until her retirement on December 20, 2015.

Since ending her decade's-long tenure with USC Thornton School of Music in 2017, Zukovsky has served as an applied faculty member at Azusa Pacific University School of Music in California.

Los Angeles Philharmonic
The Los Angeles Philharmonic (LA Phil) is an American orchestra based in Los Angeles, California. The orchestra holds a regular concert season from October until June at the Walt Disney Concert Hall and a summer season at the Hollywood Bowl from July until September. Gustavo Dudamel is the current music director, while Esa-Pekka Salonen serves as conductor laureate, and Zubin Mehta as conductor emeritus. John Adams is the orchestra’s current composer-in-residence, holding the title of "creative chair."

Since the opening of the Walt Disney Concert Hall on October 23, 2003, the Los Angeles Philharmonic has presented 57 world premieres, one North American premiere, and 26 U.S. premieres, and has commissioned or co-commissioned 63 new works.  The orchestra's former chief executive officer, Deborah Borda, has said, "Our intention has been to integrate 21st-century music into the orchestra's everyday activity, especially since we moved into the new hall".
Shire of Nannup
The Shire of Nannup is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, approximately 280 kilometres (174 mi) south of the state capital, Perth and 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of the coastal resort town of Busselton. Its seat of government is the town of Nannup, where about half of the Shire's population reside.

The Shire has a land area of 2,935 square kilometres (1,133 sq mi), about 85% of which is covered in hardwood jarrah, karri and marri forests, while the southern coastline is mostly within the D'Entrecasteaux National Park.

D'Entrecasteaux National Park
D'Entrecasteaux National Park is a national park in Western Australia, 315 kilometres (196 mi) south of Perth. The park is named after the French Admiral Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux who was the first European to sight the area and name Point D'Entrecasteaux in 1792.
The park received 168,497 visitors through 2008–2009.
FTP Voyager
FTP Voyager is an FTP/FTPS/SFTP client for Microsoft Windows with support for the following features:

FTP/FTPS/SFTP protocols

Directory synchronization

Use of multiple file transfer threads

File searching

Custom FTP commands

File transfer queueing with up to 9 transfer threads

Proxy server support

Customizable ribbon interface

Automatic name conversion during transfers

"Live" file editing

ZLIB compression

Multiple concurrent local/remote browsers

Native IPv6 support

Native 64-bit system support

SSH File Transfer Protocol
In computing, the SSH File Transfer Protocol, also known as Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), is a network protocol that provides file access, file transfer, and file management over any reliable data stream. It was designed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as an extension of the Secure Shell protocol (SSH) version 2.0 to provide secure file transfer capabilities, and is seen as a replacement of File Transfer Protocol (FTP) due to superior security. The IETF Internet Draft states that, even though this protocol is described in the context of the SSH-2 protocol, it could be used in a number of different applications, such as secure file transfer over Transport Layer Security (TLS) and transfer of management information in VPN applications.

This protocol assumes that it is run over a secure channel, such as SSH, that the server has already authenticated the client, and that the identity of the client user is available to the protocol.

The official URI scheme is sftp.
Laksa
Laksa (Jawi: لقسا‎; Chinese: 叻沙) is a spicy noodle dish popular in Southeast Asia. Laksa consists of various types of noodles, most commonly thick rice noodles, with toppings such as chicken, prawns or fish. Most variations of laksa are prepared with a rich and spicy coconut curry soup or a broth seasoned with a souring ingredient like tamarind or asam gelugur.

Originating from Peranakan Chinese cuisine, laksa recipes are commonly served in Singapore, Indonesia, and Malaysia.

Rice vermicelli
Rice vermicelli is a thin form of rice noodle. It is sometimes referred to as "rice noodles" or "rice sticks", but should not be confused with cellophane noodles, a different Asian type of vermicelli made from mung bean starch or rice starch rather than rice grains themselves.
Duan Siping
Duan Siping (Chinese: 段思平; pinyin: Duàn Sīpíng, IPA: [twân sí.pʰǐŋ]; Bai: Duainb six-pienp), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Dali, was the founder and first emperor of the Dali Kingdom. The Dali Kingdom would last until the Mongol conquest in 1253 led by Kublai Khan and its territories would later be ruled by the Yuan dynasty.

Mongol conquest of China
The Mongol conquest of China was a series of major military efforts by the Mongol Empire to conquer various empires ruling over China for 74 years (1205–1279). It spanned over seventy years in the 13th century and involved the defeat of the Jin dynasty, Western Liao, Western Xia, Tibet, the Dali Kingdom, the Southern Song, and the Eastern Xia. The Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan started the conquest with small-scale raids into Western Xia in 1205 and 1207.

In 1279, the Mongol ruler Kublai Khan formally established the Yuan dynasty in the Chinese tradition, having crushed the last Song resistance, marking the reunification of China under Mongol rule, the first time that non-Han people had ruled the entire country. It was the first time that Tibet was unified with the rest of China.
Opelika, Texas
Opelika is an unincorporated community in Henderson County, located in the U.S. state of Texas.

The community was known earlier as Wanda but was renamed by a settler from Opelika, Alabama. A post office was established in 1912. A poultry breeder, a cotton gin, a fruit-growers association, a general store, and a real estate office were reported in 1914. The earliest figures showed a population of fifty until after World War II, when the number dropped to twenty. After 1970, no census figures were given. The post office was closed in 1923. Public schools were reported in 1928 and 1929, and highway maps of the mid-1930s indicate a school, a church, and one business. In the 1930s the town was heavily involved in the oil industry. The Opelika oilfield is north of the townsite. Maps in 1983 and 1985 showed a church and a cemetery.

Opelika, Alabama
Opelika (pronounced /ˌoʊpəˈlaɪkə/ OH-pə-LY-kə) is a city in and the county seat of Lee County in the east-central part of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is a principal city of the Auburn-Opelika Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 census, the population of Opelika is 30,995, an increase of 17.1 percent from the 2010 Census where the population was 26,477. The Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA with a population of 174,241, along with the Columbus, Georgia metropolitan area, comprises the Greater Columbus combined statistical area, a region home to 501,649 residents.
Kashō Museum
The Kasho Museum (高畠華宵大正ロマン館, Takabatake Kashō Taishō Roman-kan) is a private museum that opened in Tōon, Ehime Prefecture, Japan, in 1990. The collection includes some 4,300 works (paintings, drawings, illustrations, etc.) by Takabatake Kashō (1888–1966), who was born in Uwajima, hundreds of his letters, photographs, and personal effects, works by contemporaries, and other items from the Taishō and early Shōwa eras.

Taishō era
The Taishō era (大正時代, Taishō jidai; [taiɕoː dʑidai] ⓘ) was a period in the history of Japan dating from July 30, 1912 to December 25, 1926, coinciding with the reign of Emperor Taishō. The new emperor brought on the shift in political power from the old oligarchic group of elder statesmen (or genrō) to the Imperial Diet of Japan and the democratic parties. Thus, the era is considered the time of the liberal movement known as Taishō Democracy; it is usually distinguished from the preceding chaotic Meiji era and the following militaristic-driven first part of the Shōwa era.
Islamism in the United Kingdom
Islamism, also known as political Islam, the use of Islam as a source of political identity and action, has existed in the United Kingdom since the 1970s, and has become widely visible and a topic of political discourse since the beginning of the 21st century.

Islam in the United Kingdom has grown rapidly due to immigration since the 1980s. According to the 2021 Census, Muslims make up approximately 6.5% of the population in England and Wales, totaling around 3.9 million people. This reflects an increase from the 2011 Census, which recorded Muslims at 4.9% (2.7 million) (although it is important to remember that the census only measures religious belonging, not political ideology).

East London Mosque
The East London Mosque (ELM) is situated in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets between Whitechapel and Aldgate East. Combined with the adjoining London Muslim Centre and Maryam Centre, it is one of the largest mosques in Western Europe accommodating more than 7,000 worshippers for congregational prayers. The mosque was one of the first in the UK to be allowed to use loudspeakers to broadcast the adhan.
Brookside, Kentucky
Brookside is an unincorporated community and coal town in  Harlan County, Kentucky, United States.

A post office called Brookside was established in 1930, and the name was changed to Ages-Brookside in 1975.

Coal town
A coal town, also known as a coal camp or patch, is a type of company town or mining community established by the employer, a mining company, which imports workers to the site to work the mineral find. The company develops it and provides residences for a population of miners and related workers to reside near the coal mine. The 'town founding' process is not limited to mining, but this type of development typically takes place where mineral wealth is located in a remote or undeveloped area. The company opens the site for exploitation by first, constructing transportation infrastructure to serve it, and later to establish residences for workers. Mineral resources were sometimes found as the result of logging operations that established clear-cut area. Geologists and cartographers could then chart and plot the lands for exploitation.
Blaine Gabbert
Blaine Williamson Gabbert (born October 15, 1989) is an American former professional football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 13 seasons. He played college football for the Missouri Tigers, receiving second-team All-Big 12 honors, and was selected 10th overall by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the 2011 NFL draft. Gabbert began his career as the Jaguars' starter, but inconsistent play and injuries led to his departure after three seasons. He spent his next three seasons with the San Francisco 49ers, where he saw his last significant playing time. For the remainder of his career, Gabbert served as backup for the Arizona Cardinals, Tennessee Titans, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and Kansas City Chiefs. As a backup, he won two Super Bowl titles, one with the Buccaneers and one with the Chiefs.

Missouri Tigers football
The Missouri Tigers football program represents the University of Missouri (often referred to as Mizzou) in college football, the Tigers are members in Southeastern Conference (SEC) of the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).
2023 Karachi local elections
The 2023 Karachi local government elections were held in Karachi, Pakistan on 15 January 2023 to elect members of local councils. These members would then elect the Mayor of Karachi (2023-2027). These elections were the 3rd Karachi local government elections.

Ali Haider Zaidi
Syed Ali Haider Zaidi (Urdu: علی حیدر زیدی) (born 11 September 1952) is a Pakistani politician who served as the Federal Minister for Maritime Affairs from 11 September 2018 to 10 April 2022. He also served as the President of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf's Sindh chapter. He remained a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from August 2018 to January 2023. In 2023, he quit the PTI following the May 9 riots, perceived as attack coordinated by Imran Khan on Pakistan's institutions, especially the military.
Murder City (TV series)
Murder City is a British crime drama series produced by Granada Television, first broadcast on 18 March 2004 on ITV, that focuses on two mismatched detectives, DI Susan Alembic (Amanda Donohoe) and DS Luke Stone (Kris Marshall), who scour London solving complex cases. The first series consisted of six episodes. A second and final series of four episodes was subsequently commissioned and began broadcast on 5 April 2006. Following declining viewership, a third series of Murder City was not commissioned. BBC America began airing the complete series on 17 August 2006, and it was subsequently released in a Region 1 four-disc DVD box set by Image Entertainment on 14 August 2007.

RLJ Entertainment
RLJ Entertainment (formerly Image Entertainment) is an American film production company and home video distributor, distributing film and television productions in North America, with approximately 3,200 exclusive DVD titles and approximately 340 exclusive CD titles in domestic release, and approximately 450 programs internationally via sublicense agreements. For many of its titles, Image has exclusive audio and broadcast rights as well as digital download rights to approximately 2,100 video programs and over 400 audio programs containing more than 6,000 tracks. The company is headquartered in Chatsworth, California.
GVVV
Gelders Veenendaalse Voetbal Vereniging, better known as GVVV, is a football club based in Veenendaal, Netherlands, that competes in the Tweede Divisie, the third tier of the Dutch football league system.

It is one of seven football clubs from Veenendaal. GVVV's colors are blue-white. GVVV plays its matches at Sportpark Panhuis. Since 2016, it plays in the Tweede Divisie.

Dutch football league system
The Dutch football league system consists of two fully professional leagues (Eredivisie and Eerste Divisie) and eight levels of amateur football leagues. The three highest amateur leagues, the Tweede, Derde and Vierde Divisie play in nationwide leagues and the five levels below are regional leagues.
Radiation detection
The following Radiological protection instruments can be used to detect and measure ionizing radiation:

Ionization chambers

Gaseous ionization detectors

Geiger counters

Photodetectors

Scintillation counters

Semiconductor detectors

Photodetector
Photodetectors, also called photosensors, are devices that detect light or other forms of electromagnetic radiation and convert it into an electrical signal. They are essential in a wide range of applications, from digital imaging and optical communication to scientific research and industrial automation. Photodetectors can be classified by their mechanism of detection, such as the photoelectric effect, photochemical reactions, or thermal effects, or by performance metrics like spectral response. Common types include photodiodes, phototransistors, and photomultiplier tubes, each suited to specific uses. Solar cells, which convert light into electricity, are also a type of photodetector. This article explores the principles behind photodetectors, their various types, applications, and recent advancements in the field.
Joseph B. Wirthlin
Joseph Bitner Wirthlin (June 11, 1917 – December 1, 2008) was an American businessman, religious leader and member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). He was sustained to the Twelve on October 4, 1986, and ordained an apostle on October 9, 1986, by Thomas S. Monson. He became an apostle following the death of church president Spencer W. Kimball. As a member of the Quorum of the Twelve, Wirthlin was accepted by the church membership as a prophet, seer, and revelator.

The Salt Lake Tribune
The Salt Lake Tribune is a newspaper published in the city of Salt Lake City, Utah. The Tribune is owned by The Salt Lake Tribune, Inc., a non-profit corporation. The newspaper's motto is "Utah's Independent Voice Since 1871."
Danny Washbrook
Danny Washbrook (born 18 September 1985) is an English former rugby league footballer who played as a loose forward and second-row forward.  He played as a stand-off earlier in his career.

He played for Hull F.C. in two separate spells and the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats in the Super League, and on loan from Hull FC at Doncaster in League 1. He finished his career at the York City Knights in the Championship.

Doncaster R.L.F.C.
Doncaster Rugby League Football Club is a professional rugby league football club, based in Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. They play home games at the Keepmoat Stadium and currently compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Doncaster have never won any major honours. Their traditional home colours are blue and amber after Leeds donated their home shirts to them when they were founded. They have a rivalry with Sheffield Eagles.
Exaeretia ciniflonella
Exaeretia ciniflonella is a species of moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found from Great Britain to Fennoscandia, south through Germany to Italy, east through Austria, Poland and the Baltic region to the eastern parts of the Palearctic realm. It is also present in western North America.

The wingspan is 17–24 mm. Adults are on wing from July to August and overwinter. They sometimes appear again in the early spring.

The larvae feed on Betula, Populus and Salix species in a rolled or folded leaf.

Fennoscandia
Fennoscandia (Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian: Fennoskandia; Russian: Фенноскандия, romanized: Fennoskandiya), Fenno-Scandinavia, or the Fennoscandian Peninsula, is a peninsula in Europe which includes the Scandinavian and Kola peninsulas, mainland Finland, and Karelia. Administratively, this roughly encompasses the mainlands of Finland, Norway and Sweden, as well as Murmansk Oblast, the Republic of Karelia, and parts of northern Leningrad Oblast in Russia.
Rooibaardt
Rooibaardt was a South African band formed in May 2004 with Hensi Van Staden, Denzl Keenan, Louis Esterhuizen and André du Plessis.  They played their first gig in June 2004 at Konkakol Bloemfontein Arts festival.

They all lived in Bethlehem in the Free State province of South Africa The name of the band came to them in their "pirate ship", a Volkswagen Combi, on the way to the first gig. Redbeard was a great pirate of times gone bye.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.
Ma'na of Pars
Maʽna, also known as Maʽna of Pars, Maʽna of Rev Ardashir or Maʽna of Shiraz, was a Persian Christian theologian, author and an East Syriac metropolitan bishop of Pars during the 5th and 6th centuries AD.

Maʽna is chiefly noted for the translation of Syriac and Greek Christian literature into Pahlavi language. He is the first Christian writer known to have written in Pahlavi and is generally attributed with the translation of the Pahlavi Psalter from the Syriac Peshitta.

Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg  (Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐‎, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle Persian continued to function as a prestige language. It descended from Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenid Empire and is the linguistic ancestor of Modern Persian, the official language of Iran (also known as Persia), Afghanistan (Dari) and Tajikistan (Tajik).