hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tygertuy
Tygertuy (Russian: Тыргетуй) is a rural locality (a selo) in Karymsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 1,004 (2021 census); 1,032 (2010 census); 829 (2002 census);  There are 13 streets in this selo.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Far Out (book)
Far Out is a collection of 13 science fiction short stories by American writer Damon Knight. The stories were originally published between 1949 and 1960 in Galaxy, If, and other science fiction magazines. There is an introduction by Anthony Boucher.

The book contains the  story "To Serve Man", which was later adapted for television.

If (magazine)
If was an American science fiction magazine launched in March 1952 by Quinn Publications, owned by James L. Quinn.

The magazine was moderately successful, though for most of its run it was not considered to be in the first tier of American science fiction magazines. It achieved its greatest success under editor Frederik Pohl, winning the Hugo Award for best professional magazine three years running from 1966 to 1968. If published many award-winning stories over its 22 years, including Robert A. Heinlein's novel The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress and Harlan Ellison's short story "I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream". The most prominent writer to make his first sale to If was Larry Niven, whose story "The Coldest Place" appeared in the December 1964 issue.

If was merged into Galaxy Science Fiction after the December 1974 issue, its 175th issue overall.
Gene Maddox
Orville Gene Maddox (August 23, 1938 – June 2, 2015) was an American politician and lawyer.

Born in Chillicothe, Illinois, Maddox graduated from Chillicothe High School in 1956. He then received his bachelor's degree from Northwestern University in 1960 and his law degree from Northwestern University School of Law in 1962. Maddox then moved to Des Moines, Iowa to practice law. In 1975, Maddox served on the Clive, Iowa City Council and then served as mayor of Clive, Iowa, from 1977 until 1992. Maddox was a Republican. From 1993 to 2003, Maddox served in the Iowa Senate and then served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 2003 to 2007. Maddox died in Des Moines, Iowa.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Starosepyashevo
Starosepyashevo (Russian: Старосепяшево; Bashkir: Иҫке Сәпәш, İśke Säpäş) is a rural locality (a village) in Ibrayevsky Selsoviet, Alsheyevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 133 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Alsheyevsky District
Alsheyevsky District (Russian: Альше́евский райо́н; Bashkir and Tatar: Әлшәй районы, Älşäy rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic. The area of the district is 2,415 square kilometers (932 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Rayevsky. As of the 2021 Russian census, Alsheyevsky District has a population of 36,799.
Andre Harrell
Andre O'Neal Harrell (September 26, 1960 – May 7, 2020) was an American record executive, media proprietor, and rapper. He formed the short-lived East Coast hip hop duo Dr. Jeckyll & Mr. Hyde with Alonzo Brown in 1980; they signed with Profile Records in 1981. After disbanding in 1986, Harrell founded the record label Uptown Records, which saw commercial success in contemporary R&B, new jack swing, and hip hop music releases into the next decade. The label entered a distribution deal with MCA Records and signed artists including Jodeci, Heavy D & the Boyz, Mary J. Blige, Guy, Al B. Sure, the Notorious B.I.G., and Sean Combs. Harrell is credited with discovering Combs and giving him his start in the industry. Harrell was appointed CEO of Motown from 1995 to 1997.

After years of sustained medical issues, Harrell died of heart failure in May 2020.

East Coast hip-hop
East Coast hip-hop is a regional subgenre of hip-hop music that originated in New York City during the 1970s. Hip-hop is recognized to have originated and evolved first in the Bronx borough of New York City.

In contrast to other styles, East Coast hip-hop music prioritizes complex lyrics for attentive listening rather than beats for dancing. The term "East Coast hip-hop" more specifically denotes hip-hop originating from the Northeastern United States. Southeastern states such as Georgia or Florida instead produce Southern hip-hop rather than East Coast hip-hop, although the District of Columbia, Virginia, and Maryland produce East Coast hip-hop.
Henry C. Wente
Henry Christian Wente (August 18, 1936 – January 20, 2020) was an American mathematician, known for his 1986 discovery of the Wente torus, an immersed constant-mean-curvature surface whose existence disproved a conjecture of Heinz Hopf.

Wente obtained both his bachelor's degree and his Ph.D. from Harvard University. He completed his doctorate in 1966, under the supervision of Garrett Birkhoff. He was a distinguished professor emeritus of mathematics at the University of Toledo, which he joined in 1971. In 1986 he was an Invited Speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) in Berkeley, California. In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

International Congress of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU).

The Fields Medals, the IMU Abacus Medal (known before 2022 as the Nevanlinna Prize), the Gauss Prize, and the Chern Medal are awarded during the congress's opening ceremony. Each congress is memorialized by a printed set of Proceedings recording academic papers based on invited talks intended to be relevant to current topics of general interest. Being invited to talk at the ICM has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame".
Biało-czarna
Biało-czarna is the first album by Polish thrash metal band Kat & Roman Kostrzewski. It was released on 11 April 2011,  by the label Mystic Production.

The album's name is a wordplay on the term "Biało-czerwona" (White-and-red), which is used to refer to the Polish flag or anything representing Poland in general, i.e. the national football team or the army. Black replaces Red, as the black color is used to represent the Catholic church and its priests in black cassocks. The album cover features the Polish flag in greyscale, with a cross over the white eagle, symbolizing "parasitic" influence of the Church over the country together with the title. The lyrics as well revolve around common critiques of the Polish Catholic Church, and the Catholic Church in general, including child molestation, criminal impunity and corruption.

Mystic Production
Mystic Production is a Polish independent record label. It was founded by Barbara Mikuła in 1995 in Skała.

The company was initially releasing and distributing heavy metal music, including early albums by artists such as Sceptic, Asgaard and Virgin Snatch. It has since expanded and has been releasing rock, punk rock, alternative rock, progressive rock and pop artists, and its roster currently includes names such as Behemoth, Acid Drinkers, Coma, Czesław Śpiewa, Grzegorz Turnau, Gaba Kulka, Happysad and KSU, among others.

Mystic Production operates also in Czech Republic and Slovakia with office in Horní Suchá.

Since 1996 label owns and runs Mystic Art music magazine (ISSN 1427-5538).
European Diploma of Protected Areas
The European Diploma of Protected Areas, established in 1965 with Resolution (65)6, is a diploma awarded by the Council of Europe to protected areas (natural or semi-natural) of exceptional European conservational interest. It is a tool for implementing the European biodiversity strategy and is awarded for a five-year period at a time and is renewable. Over 60 areas in 23 states have received the award so far.

Diploma
A diploma is a document awarded by an educational institution (such as a college or university) testifying the recipient has graduated by successfully completing their courses of studies. Historically, it has also referred to a charter or official document of diplomacy.

The diploma (as a document certifying a qualification) may also be called a testamur, Latin for "we testify" or "certify" (testari), so called from the word with which the certificate begins; this is commonly used in Australia to refer to the document certifying the award of a degree. Alternatively, this document can simply be referred to as a degree certificate or graduation certificate, or as a parchment. The certificate that a Nobel laureate receives is also called a diploma.

The term diploma is also used in some historical contexts, to refer to documents signed by a monarch affirming a grant or tenure of specified land and its conditions (see Anglo-Saxon charters and diplomatics).
Paderborn Wind Farm
The Paderborn Wind Farm in Germany consists of 11 Vestas V-66 wind turbines, each 76m high with a 1.65 MW rated power, making a total installed capacity of 18.2 MW. The wind farm is sited near Paderborn in North Rhine-Westphalia, was initiated locally by a group of developers, and is owned by 91 shareholders. Commissioning was in November 2000.

Germany is the world's largest user of wind power with an installed capacity of 20,621 MW in 2006.  More than 18,000 wind turbines are located in the German federal area and the country has plans to build more wind turbines.

Paderborn
Paderborn (German pronunciation: [paːdɐˈbɔʁn] ⓘ; Westphalian: Patterbuorn, also Paterboärn) is a city in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district. The name of the city derives from the river Pader and Born, an old German term for the source of a river. The river Pader originates in more than 200 springs near Paderborn Cathedral, where St. Liborius is buried.
Deputy Commissioner of Northwest Territories
The Deputy Commissioner of the Northwest Territories, Canada is second to the Commissioner in the hierarchy of Northwest Territories government. The position was created in 1921, and the Deputy Commissioner held a seat in the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories.

In modern times the Deputy Commissioner is largely ceremonial. The Deputy Commissioner fills in where the Commissioner can not attend events. Of the thirteen Deputy Commissioners, five have gone on to serve as Commissioner (Hodgson, Parker, Maksagak, Marion and Whitford), two have served as Commissioners of Nunavut (Maksagak and Hanson) and one as Deputy Commissioner of Nunavut (Maksagak).

The Deputy Commissioner is appointed by the Privy Council of Canada.

King's Privy Council for Canada
The King's Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé du Roi pour le Canada), sometimes called His Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council (PC), is the full group of personal advisors to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. Practically, the tenets of responsible government require the sovereign or his viceroy, the governor general, almost always to follow only that advice tendered by the Cabinet: a committee within the Privy Council composed usually of elected members of Parliament. Those summoned to the Privy Council are appointed for life by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The group is composed predominantly of former Cabinet ministers, with some others having been inducted as an honorary gesture. Privy counsellors are accorded the use of an honorific style and post-nominal letters, as well as various signifiers of precedence.
Sei uns willkommen, Herre Christ
"Sei uns willkommen, Herre Christ" is the earliest surviving Christmas hymn in the German language. It originated as a leise and its melody is first recorded as a fragment in the Liuthar Gospels at Aachen Cathedral Treasury, probably dating to the 14th century. The earliest complete surviving version is in a manuscript from Erfurt dating to 1394. August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben saw the hymn as originating in the 11th century and in 1861 reconstructed a translation from the Erfurt version back into Old High German.

The song welcomes the Lord Christ ("Herre Christ") on earth ("auf Erden") as the Lord of "us all" ("unser aller"). The hymn is also known as the Aachener Weihnachtslied (Aachen Christmas carol) or Aachener Schöffenlied (Aachen juror carol) – according to old Aachen chronicles it was sung from the choir stalls of Aachen Cathedral by the schöffen, appointed honourable citizens involved in general government and jurisdiction, at Midnight Mass on Christmas Eve.

Midnight Mass
In many Western Christian traditions, Midnight Mass is the first liturgy of Christmastide that is celebrated on the night of Christmas Eve, traditionally beginning at midnight when Christmas Eve gives way to Christmas Day. This popular Christmas custom is a jubilant celebration of the Mass or service of worship in honour of the Nativity of Jesus; even many of those Christian denominations that do not regularly employ the word Mass uniquely use the term "Midnight Mass" for their Christmas Eve liturgy as it includes the celebration of Holy Communion.
Steven-Charles Jaffe
Steven-Charles Jaffe (born 1951) is an American film producer, director, and screenwriter known for his work on such films as Motel Hell (1980), Near Dark (1987), Strange Days (1995), and the Best Picture-nominated romantic fantasy film Ghost. He is a long-time friend and collaborator of directors Nicholas Meyer and Kathryn Bigelow, and has worked with them on films like Time After Time (1979), Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country (1991), and K-19: The Widowmaker (2002). He is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

Near Dark
Near Dark is a 1987 American neo-Western horror film co-written and directed by Kathryn Bigelow (in her solo directorial debut), and starring Adrian Pasdar, Jenny Wright, Bill Paxton, Lance Henriksen and Jenette Goldstein. The plot follows a young man in a small Oklahoma town who becomes involved with a family of nomadic American vampires.

Despite performing poorly at the box office, critic reviews were generally positive. Over the years, the film has gained a cult following.
Greenheys, Manchester
53°27′44″N 2°14′25″W﻿ / ﻿53.4621°N 2.2404°W﻿ / 53.4621; -2.2404

Greenheys is an inner-city area of south Manchester, England, lying between Hulme to the north and west, Chorlton-on-Medlock to the east and Moss Side to the south.

Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton, published in 1848, opens with a description of Greenheys, then still a rural area on the outskirts of the city. The writer Thomas De Quincey and pioneer socialist Robert Owen both lived at Greenheys House, overlooking the now culverted Cornbrook river.

Manchester Science Park is on Pencroft Way, Lloyd Street North.

Thomas De Quincey
Thomas Penson De Quincey (/də ˈkwɪnsi/; né Thomas Penson Quincey; 15 August 1785 – 8 December 1859) was an English writer, essayist, and literary critic, best known for his Confessions of an English Opium-Eater (1821). Many scholars suggest that in publishing this work De Quincey inaugurated the tradition of addiction literature in the West.
Upper Norwood
Upper Norwood is an area of south London, England, within the London Boroughs of Bromley, Croydon, Lambeth and Southwark. It is north of Croydon. The eastern part of it is better known as the Crystal Palace area. The SE19 London postcode covers the entirety of the district.

Upper Norwood is one of the highest areas in London, situated along the London clay ridge known as Beulah Hill, which offers panoramic views northwards to central London and southwards to Central Croydon and the North Downs. Most housing dates from the 19th and 20th centuries, with large detached properties along the ridge and smaller, semi-detached and terraced dwellings on the slopes. There are some more modern areas of social housing that date from the 1970s, as well as the recent construction of larger apartment buildings on Beulah Hill.

London Borough of Southwark
The London Borough of Southwark (/ˈsʌðərk/ ⓘ SUDH-ərk) in South London forms part of Inner London and is connected by bridges across the River Thames to the City of London and the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It was created in 1965 when three smaller council areas were amalgamated under the London Government Act 1963. All districts of the area are within the London postal district. It is governed by Southwark London Borough Council.

The part of the South Bank within the borough is home to London Bridge terminus station and the attractions of The Shard, Tate Modern, Shakespeare's Globe and Borough Market that are the largest of the venues in Southwark to draw domestic and international tourism. Dulwich is home to the Dulwich Picture Gallery and the Imperial War Museum is in Elephant and Castle. Major districts include Bermondsey, Rotherhithe, Peckham, Camberwell, and Dulwich.
Scales Empire
Scales Empire was a Canadian hip hop band from Montreal, Quebec, active in the mid-1990s. Although they released only one known recording, "Bright Lights, Big City" on Beat Factory's 1996 compilation album Rap Essentials Volume One, the song was a Juno Award nominee for Best Rap Recording at the Juno Awards of 1997.

The group consisted of rapper Kandu and producer T-Wyze.

In addition to its Juno Award nomination, "Bright Lights, Big City" also received a MuchMusic Video Award nomination for Best Rap Video at the 1997 MMVAs.

IHeartRadio MMVAs
The iHeartRadio Much Music Video Awards were an awards show broadcast annually on Much from 1990 to 2018, and Fuse from 2010 to 2013 that honoured the year's best music videos.

Originally debuting in 1990 as the Canadian Music Video Awards, the awards were renamed in 1995 to the MuchMusic Video Awards. In 2016, the show was rebranded under the iHeartRadio banner after Much's parent company, Bell Media, reached a licensing agreement with iHeartMedia. The show's full name was officially dropped in 2018. The 2018 edition would ultimately be the last, amidst the scaling back and eventual discontinuation of all music programming on the channel due to declining ratings.
Helen Lokuta
Helen Lokuta (born 12 April 1975 in Tartu) is an Estonian opera singer (mezzo-soprano).

Lokuta studied in Music Class at Tartu 7th High School (currently Karlova Gymnasium) and graduated from Aino Kõiv’s violin class at the Heino Eller Tartu Music School in 1997. She has also studied in Karlsruhe University of Music in 2000 and Karlsruhe Opera Highschool in 2001 with Prof. Maria Venuti. In 2002 she graduated with a bachelor's degree from Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre with Pille Lill and Prof. Tamara Novitšenko. In 2014 she obtained magister's degree from Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre with Jaakko Ryhänen.

Since 2004 she has participated in Tõnu Kaljuste’s project Nargen Opera. From 2001 to 2006 Helen Lokuta has worked as free-lance/guest soloist and since 2006 as a soloist at the Estonian National Opera.

Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre
The Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre (Eesti Muusika- ja Teatriakadeemia) began as a mixed choir of the Estonia Society Musical Department (EMD) on the eve of World War I. The assembly of the Estonia Society created the Tallinn Higher Music School on November 17, 1918. The opening ceremony took place on September 28, 1919. In 1923 the educational institution was renamed the Tallinn Conservatoire.  In 1938 the State Drama School was opened. In 1993 the school was renamed the Estonian Academy of Music. In 1995 the Drama Faculty was renamed the Higher Theatre School.

Some prominent graduates of the Estonian Academy of Music include singers Aile Asszonyi, Heli Lääts, and Ain Anger, conductors Roman Matsov, Tõnu Kaljuste, Olari Elts, Eri Klas, and Kristiina Poska, composers Arvo Pärt, Lepo Sumera, Erkki-Sven Tüür and Ardo Ran Varres, director Andres Puustusmaa, and actors Tõnu Aav, Heino Mandri, Elmo Nüganen, Ain Lutsepp, Margus Oopkaup, Jan Uuspõld, Tõnu Tepandi and Taavi Eelmaa.
Timeline of LGBTQ Mormon history in the 1980s
This is a timeline of LGBT Mormon history in the 1980s, part of a series of timelines consisting of events, publications, and speeches about LGBTQ+ individuals, topics around sexual orientation and gender minorities, and the community of members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Although the historical record is often scarce, evidence points to queer individuals having existed in the Mormon community since its beginnings. However, top LDS leaders only started regularly addressing queer topics in public in the late 1950s.: 375, 377 : v, 3 : 170  Since 1970, the LDS Church has had at least one official publication or speech from a high-ranking leader referencing LGBT topics every year, and a greater number of LGBT Mormon and former Mormon individuals have received media coverage.

Church membership council
In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), a church membership council (formerly called a disciplinary council) is an ecclesiastical event during which a church member's status is considered, typically for alleged violations of church standards. If a church member is found to have committed an offense by a membership council, they may have their name removed from church records, or their church membership may be otherwise restricted. Church membership councils are at times referred to unofficially as church courts.
Tricholosporum tetragonosporum
Tricholosporum tetragonosporum is a species of fungus in the family Tricholomataceae. Found in Morocco, the species was first described as Tricholoma tetragonosporum by René Maire in 1945, and transferred into Tricholosporum in 2000.

René Maire
René Charles Joseph Ernest Maire (French pronunciation: [ʁəne ʃaʁl ʒozɛf ɛʁnɛst mɛʁ]; 29 May 1878, Lons-le-Saunier – 24 November 1949) was a French botanist and mycologist. His major work was the Flore de l'Afrique du Nord in 16 volumes published posthumously in 1953. He collected plants from Algeria, Morocco, France, and Mali for the herbarium of the National Botanic Garden of Belgium.
Paolo Quinteros
Paolo Alfredo Quinteros (born January 15, 1979) is an Argentine-Italian former professional basketball player. He plays mainly at the shooting guard position, but he can also play at the point guard position.

2011 FIBA Americas Championship
The 2011 FIBA Americas Championship for Men, later known as the FIBA AmeriCup, was the qualifying tournament for FIBA Americas, at the 2012 Summer Olympics, in London. This FIBA AmeriCup tournament was held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, from August 30 to September 11, 2011. Argentina won the title, defeating Brazil, 80–75, in the final match. This was the country's second AmeriCup championship.