hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chargeback
A chargeback is a return of money to a payer of a transaction, especially a credit card transaction. Most commonly the payer is a consumer. The chargeback reverses a money transfer from the consumer's bank account, line of credit, or credit card. The chargeback is ordered by the bank that issued the consumer's payment card. In the distribution industry, a chargeback occurs when the supplier sells a product at a higher price to the distributor than the price they have set with the end user. The distributor submits a chargeback to the supplier so they can recover the money lost in the transaction. 45% of chargebacks are fraud-related, with first-party at 23% and third-party at 22%

Electronic funds transfer
Electronic funds transfer (EFT) is the transfer of money from one bank account to another, either within a single financial institution or across multiple institutions, via computer-based systems.

The funds transfer process generally consists of a series of electronic messages sent between financial institutions directing each to make the debit and credit accounting entries necessary to complete the transaction. An electronic funds transfer starts when the sending customer send an electronic instruction with the purpose of making payment to the beneficiary or the receiving customer.
Chromium(VI) oxide peroxide
Chromium(VI) oxide peroxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CrO(O2)2. The name "chromium(VI) oxide peroxide" is also given to a collection of chromium coordination complexes. They have the formula CrO(O2)2L where L is a ligand. These species are dark blue and often labile. They all feature one oxo ligand and two peroxo ligands, with the remaining coordination sites occupied by water, hydroxide, diethyl ether, pyridine, or other Lewis bases.

Oxide
An oxide (/ˈɒksaɪd/) is a chemical compound containing at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula. "Oxide" itself is the dianion (anion bearing a net charge of −2) of oxygen, an O2− ion with oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. Most of the Earth's crust consists of oxides. Even materials considered pure elements often develop an oxide coating. For example, aluminium foil develops a thin skin of Al2O3 (called a passivation layer) that protects the foil from further oxidation.
Jakób Gieysztor
Jakób Gieysztor (Lithuanian: Jokūbas Geištoras; 18 April 1827 – 15 November 1897) was a Polish-Lithuanian nobleman and politician who participated in the January Uprising of 1863. Gieysztor was also an antiquarian, publicist, and one of the leaders of the Whites political group in Lithuania. He has published his memoirs of his participation in the uprising and the subsequent deportation to Siberia.

Publicist
A publicist is a person whose job is to generate and manage publicity for a company, a brand, or public figure – especially a celebrity – or for work or a project such as a book, film, or album. Publicists are public relations specialists who maintain and represent the images of individuals, rather than representing an entire corporation or business. Publicists are also hired by public figures who want to maintain or protect their image. Publicists brand their clients by getting magazine, TV, newspaper, and website coverage. Most top-level publicists work in private practice, handling multiple clients.

The term publicist was coined by the legal scholar Francis Lieber to describe the engagement of internationalists with the public during the late nineteenth century. Publicists are sometimes called flacks, a term that traces back to Gene Flack, who was a well-known movie publicist in the 1930s.
Monte Vista Christian School
Monte Vista Christian School, (also known as MVC) is a private, co-educational, selective day and boarding Christian school for young men and women in grades 4 through 12, offering a college-preparatory education in the Christian tradition and context. Founded in 1926, MVCS is fully accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) and the Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI).

Western Association of Schools and Colleges
The Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC (/wɒsk/ WOSK)) provided accreditation of public and private universities, colleges, secondary and elementary schools in California and Hawaii, the territories of Guam, American Samoa and Northern Marianas Islands, in addition to the Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, the Pacific Rim, Peru, Czech Republic, Armenia, and East Asia.

Until 2012, WASC was a single organization with three units. In 2012, it separated into three organizations that share the WASC acronym:

The Accrediting Commission for Schools (ACS WASC)

The Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges (ACCJC)

The Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC)
Campbell Gillies
Campbell Gillies (27 June 1990 – 26 June 2012) was a Scottish National Hunt jockey most notable for his victory on Brindisi Breeze in the Albert Bartlett Novices' Hurdle at the 2012 Cheltenham Festival. In total, he rode 131 winners in his career, mainly for top Scottish trainer Lucinda Russell and was widely considered by pundits and fans alike as one of the leading young jockeys in the UK.

National Hunt racing
National Hunt Racing, also known as Jump Racing, is a form of horse racing particular to many European countries, including, but not limited to:  France, Great Britain and Ireland. Jump Racing requires horses to jump over fences and ditches.

In the UK, National Hunt Racing is divided into two major distinct branches: Hurdling and Steeplechase, as well as flat races called “Bumpers”. Hurdling involves horses jumping over Hurdles, while Steeplechase involves the horses jumping over a variety of different obstacles that includes fences, water jump or an open ditch. Some of the biggest National Hunt events of the year in the UK are the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup.
Tarikh-e negarestan
The Tarikh-e negarestan (Persian: تاریخ نگارستان) is a Persian universal history composed by the Safavid scribe and historian Ahmad Ghaffari Qazvini in 1552. The goal of the chronicle was to teach important historical lessons to the Safavid dynasty, including Shah Tahmasp I (r. 1524–1576).

In the Walters Art Museum, there is an illustrated version of the Tarikh-e negarestan, which was created in Iran in 1569. In the early 17th-century, the chronicle was published in Ottoman Turkish under the name Nüzhet-i cihan ve nâdire-i zaman by Altıparmak Mehmed Efendi. In Istanbul, the Süleymaniye Library and the Yenicami Library each hold a copy of it. The first lithography of the Tarikh-e negarestan was made in the city of Mumbai in 1859.

Walters Art Museum
The Walters Art Museum is a public art museum located in the Mount Vernon neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. Founded and opened in 1934, it holds collections from the mid-19th century that were  amassed substantially by major American art and sculpture collectors, including William Thompson Walters and his son Henry Walters. William Walters began collecting when he moved to Paris as a nominal Confederate loyalist at the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, and Henry Walters refined the collection and made arrangements for the construction what ultimately was Walters Art Museum.

Admission to the museum is free.
Eddisbury
Eddisbury could be

the Eddisbury (UK Parliament constituency) in Cheshire, England

the ancient Eddisbury (hundred) in Cheshire

Eddisbury hill fort in Cheshire

Baron Eddisbury, a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom

Hundreds of Cheshire
The  Hundreds of Cheshire, as with other Hundreds in England, were the geographic divisions of Cheshire for administrative, military and judicial purposes. They were introduced in Cheshire some time before the Norman Conquest. Later on, both the number and names of the hundreds changed by processes of land being lost from Cheshire, and merging or amalgamation of remaining hundreds. The Ancient parishes of Cheshire were usually wholly within a specific hundred, although a few were divided between two hundreds.
2024 Al Habtoor Tennis Challenge – Doubles
Anastasia Dețiuc and Anastasia Tikhonova won the title, defeating Isabelle Haverlag and Elena Pridankina in the final, 6–3, 6–7(7–9), [10–8].

Tímea Babos and Vera Zvonareva were the defending champions, but chose not to participate.

Anastasia Dețiuc
Anastasia Dețiuc (born 14 December 1998) is a Czech-Moldovan tennis player.

She has a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 72, achieved 25 September 2023. On the ITF Junior Circuit, she had a career-high combined ranking of 22, achieved January 2016.
Dark Money (book)
Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right is a 2016 non-fiction book written by American investigative journalist Jane Mayer. The book focuses on a network of extremely wealthy conservative Republicans, foremost among them Charles and David Koch, who have together funded an array of organizations that work in tandem to influence academic institutions, think tanks, the courts, statehouses, Congress, and the American presidency for their own benefit.

Mayer particularly discusses the Koch family and their political activities, along with Richard Mellon Scaife, John M. Olin, the Bradley brothers, as well as the DeVos and Coors families and their related foundations.

Koch family
The Koch family (/koʊk/ KOHK) is an American family engaged in business, best known for their political activities in the Koch network and their control of Koch Inc, the 2nd largest privately owned company in the United States (with 2019 revenues of $115 billion). The family business was started by Fred C. Koch, who developed a new cracking method for the refinement of heavy crude oil into gasoline. Fred's four sons litigated against each other over their interests in the business during the 1980s and 1990s.

By 2019, Charles Koch and David Koch, commonly referred to as the Koch brothers, were the only ones of Fred Koch's four sons still with Koch Industries. 
Charles and David Koch built a political network of libertarian and conservative donors, and the brothers funneled financial revenue into television and multi-media advertising. David Koch died in August 2019.
Saralisa Volm
Saralisa Volm (born 24 June 1985 in Hechingen, West Germany) is a German actress, famous, among other things for her starring role in Finale, a film by Klaus Lemke. Volm grew up in Freising, where she also went to high school. Part of her schooling was at the Gabriel-von-Seidl-Gymnasium Bad Tölz.

In 2011 Volm was also featured fully nude in graphic unsimulated sex scenes in the crowd funded German film Hotel Desire.

Hechingen
Hechingen (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛçɪŋən] ⓘ; Swabian: Hächenga) is a town in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated about 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of the state capital of Stuttgart and 90 kilometres (56 mi) north of Lake Constance and the Swiss border.
Mazhar Abbas
Mazhar Abbas (Urdu: مظہر عباس; born 6 July 1958) is a Pakistani journalist currently working as a senior analyst for Geo News and a columnist for Daily Jang. Previously, he was the deputy director of ARY News, and the secretary general of the Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists. He is the brother of Zaffar Abbas, the editor of Dawn, and Azhar Abbas, the managing director of Geo News.

Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists
The Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists (PFUJ) is a trade union federation of journalists in Pakistan. The PFUJ is affiliated with the International Federation of Journalists.

There have been different factions within the PFUJ: as of July 2022, the "Afzal Butt faction" represented 7,958 members while as of 2024 the "Rana Azeem faction" represented 9,962 members.
Canton of Pierrefitte-sur-Aire
The canton of Pierrefitte-sur-Aire (French: Canton de Pierrefitte-sur-Aire) is a former French canton located in the department of Meuse in the Lorraine region (now part of Grand Est). This canton was organized around Pierrefitte-sur-Aire in the arrondissement of Commercy. It is now part of the canton of Dieue-sur-Meuse.

The last general councillor from this canton was Christian Namy (DVD), elected in 1985.

Meuse (department)
Meuse (French pronunciation: [møz] ⓘ) is a department in northeast France, named after the River Meuse. Meuse is part of the current region of Grand Est and is landlocked and borders by the French departments of Ardennes, Marne, Haute-Marne, Vosges, Meurthe-et-Moselle, and Belgium to the north. Parts of Meuse belong to Parc naturel régional de Lorraine. It had a population of 184,083 in 2019. Front lines in trench warfare during World War I ran varying courses through the department and it hosted an important battle/offensive in 1916 in and around Verdun.
2018–19 FA Youth Cup
The 2018–19 FA Youth Cup was the 67th edition of the FA Youth Cup. The defending champions were Chelsea who were going for their sixth win in a row. 
Liverpool won the final 5-3 after a penalty shoot-out against Manchester City, it was their fourth win in the competition.

Manchester City F.C. Under-21s and Academy
Manchester City is represented at Reserve level for football by the Elite Development Squad, also referred to as just the Elite Squad, or EDS, a predominantly Under-23 side that replaced the previous (more senior) Reserve team in a move to focus on youth development post-academy. The club is represented at the Under-18 level by the Manchester City Academy team.

Manchester City most recently won the 2023–24 FA Youth Cup, and finished as runners-up in the 2024–25 FA Youth Cup. Their Elite Development Squad are the current Premier League 2 champions.
Eivind Tonna
Eivind Lühr Tonna (born 19 February 1975) is a Norwegian ski-orienteering competitor. He received a silver medal in the relay event at the 2004 World Ski Orienteering Championships in Östersund, together with Øystein Kvaal Østerbø, Tommy Olsen and Anders Hauge. He finished 12th in the middle distance and 6th in the sprint distance at the 2004 world championships.

He also won a silver medal at the 2010 Winter Military World Games.

Tonna is a double national champion in ski orienteering.

World Ski Orienteering Championships
The World Ski Orienteering Championships (WSOC) is the official event to award the titles of World Champions in ski orienteering. The World Championships is organized every odd year. The programme includes Sprint, Middle and Long Distance competitions, and a Relay for both men and women. The first WSOC was held in 1975.
Randee Hermus
Randee Joanne Hermus (born November 14, 1979) is a Canadian former professional soccer defender, who won the bronze medal with the Canadian women's national soccer team at the 2007 Pan American Games. Born in Surrey, British Columbia, she played for the Vancouver Whitecaps.

Canada women's national soccer team
The Canada women's national soccer team (French: Équipe du Canada de soccer féminine) represents Canada in international soccer competitions. They are overseen by the Canadian Soccer Association, the governing body for soccer in Canada.

The team reached international prominence at the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup, losing in the bronze medal match to the United States. Canada qualified for its first Olympic women's soccer tournament in 2008, making it to the quarter-finals. Canada's most significant achievement has been winning the gold medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. The team is also two-time CONCACAF Women's Championship winners, and two-time Olympic bronze medallists.

Canada hosted the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, where they were eliminated in the quarterfinals by England. Canada set a new tournament and team record for attendance in the process, with 1,353,506 and 54,027, respectively.
Native American ethnobotany
Indigenous peoples of North America used various plants for different purposes. For lists pertaining specifically to the Cherokee, Iroquois, Navajo, and Zuni, see Cherokee ethnobotany, Iroquois ethnobotany, Navajo ethnobotany, and Zuni ethnobotany.

Zuni people
The Zuni (Zuni: A:shiwi; formerly spelled Zuñi) are Native American Pueblo peoples native to the Zuni River valley. The Zuni people today are federally recognized as the Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New Mexico, and most live in the Pueblo of Zuni on the Zuni River, a tributary of the Little Colorado River, in western New Mexico, United States. The Pueblo of Zuni is 55 km (34 mi) south of Gallup, New Mexico. Traditional Zuni homes in the Pueblo are multi level adobe houses. In addition to the reservation, the tribe owns trust lands in Catron County, New Mexico, and Apache County, Arizona. The Zuni call their homeland Halona Idiwan’a or Middle Place. The word Zuni is believed to derive from the Western Keres language (Acoma) word sɨ̂‧ni, or a cognate thereof.
1914 Rhode Island State football team
The 1914 Rhode Island State football team was an American football team that represented Rhode Island State College (later renamed the University of Rhode Island) as an independent during the 1914 college football season. In its fifth year under head coach George Cobb, the team compiled a 2–3–3 record.

1914 college football season
The 1914 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Army, Illinois, and Texas as having been selected national champions, all retroactively. Army and Illinois claim a national championship for the 1914 season.
Holler (surname)
Holler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kjell Holler (1925–2000), Norwegian politician

Liesel Holler (born 1980), Peruvian doctor, model, and beauty pageant titleholder

Monica Holler (born 1984), Swedish professional cyclist

Terence Holler (born 1968), Italian-American singer

Terence Holler
Terence Holler, real name Mario Tarantola is an Italian-American metal and rock singer. Best known for spending 31 years in the band Eldritch, with the solo project Holler he has released two albums on Scarlet Records.
Robert Elliott (priest)
Robert Elliott,  D.D. (1658-1735) was an Irish Anglican priest.

Elliott was born in Kilkenny and educated at the Trinity College, Dublin. He was appointed as the Prebendary of Leighlin Cathedral in 1710, the Treasurer of Ferns from 1714 to 1717, and then the Archdeacon of Ferns. He then held both the positions, the dean and the prebend, until his death in 1735.

Prebendary
A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church.  When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir stalls, known as prebendal stalls.
2007–08 Championnat National
The 2007–08 Championnat National is the 15th edition of the 3rd division league and began play in August 2007 and is slated to end in May 2008. Clermont Foot, US Boulogne, and Angers SCO were promoted to Ligue 2, whereas Sporting Toulon, US Raon-l'Étape, SO Châtellerault, and AS Yzeure were relegated to the CFA.

Promoted from the CFA were Calais RUFC from Groupe A, AC Arles from Groupe B, Rodez AF from Groupe C, and Villemomble Sports from Groupe D.

US Boulogne
Union Sportive Boulogne Côte d'Opale (French pronunciation: [ynjɔ̃ spɔʁtiv bulɔɲ kot dɔpal]; commonly referred to as US Boulogne, USBCO (French pronunciation: [y.ɛs.be.se.o]) or frequently, simply Boulogne) is a French association football club based in the commune of Boulogne-sur-Mer. The club was founded in 1898 and currently plays in Ligue 2, the second level of French football, having been promoted from the Championnat National at the end of 2024–25 season due to AC Ajaccio being relegated for financial reasons.

The club was formed in 1898 and its achievements are comparatively minor, with their biggest feat to date consisting of reaching the semi-finals during the 1936–37 edition of the Coupe de France, and one Ligue 1 season in 2009–10. Boulogne play their home matches at the Stade de la Libération, which seats 15,004, having previously seated only 7,000 prior to its renovation in 2007.
Thori Si Wafa Chahiye
Thori Si Wafa Chahiye is a Pakistani television series directed by Yasir Nawaz, written by Syed Wasi Shah, and first broadcast on Geo Entertainment. It stars Iffat Rahim, Sajid Hasan, and Mehwish Hayat in the lead roles. The series depicts the impact of extra-marital affairs on all concerned.

The series received two nominations at the 11th Lux Style Awards, including Best TV Actor for Hasan and Best TV Director for Nawaz.

Yasir Nawaz
Yasir Nawaz Baloch is a Pakistani director, producer, screenwriter, actor and former model.

Mainly known as a television actor, he has also directed movies such as Wrong No. (2015), Mehrunisa V Lub U (2017) and Wrong No. 2 (2019).
Ephraim Taukafa
Ephraim Taukafa (born 26 June 1976) is a Tongan rugby union footballer who now coaches in Dijon, France.

He played for Chalon-sur-Saône, and Stade Montois in France. Previously he played for North Harbour in New Zealand, Northern Suburbs in Australia, Leicester Tigers in England and Oyonnax (France) and Lyon OU in France. He played for the Tonga national team at the 2003, 2007 and 2011 Rugby World Cup.

In April 2021 he became forwards coach for Stade Nantais. In June 2022 he became assistant coach of Stade Niortais.

Stade Niortais
Niort Rugby Club (French pronunciation: [njɔʁ ʁyɡbi klœb], formerly known as Stade Niortais Rugby) is a rugby team based in the city of Niort (population approx. 70,000) in the Deux-Sèvres département in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. They play their home games at "Stade Espinassou" which has a seating capacity of 1,500.
Stade Niortais currently play in the Fédérale D1 division in France.
Archias of Pella
Archias, son of Anaxidotus from Pella (Greek: Ἀρχίας Ἀναξιδότου Πελλαῖος), was a Macedonian officer and geographer who served as Trierarch under Admiral Nearchus. Archias was despatched with a galley of 30 oars, and reached the island of Failaka (Kuwait) and Tylos (Bahrain group). Tylos, Archias reported, was "about a day and a night's sail" from the mouth of the Euphrates.

Tylos
Tylos (Ancient Greek: Τύλος) was the Greek exonym of ancient Bahrain in the classical era, during which the island was a center of maritime trade and pearling in the Erythraean Sea. The name Tylos is thought to be a Hellenisation of the Semitic Tilmun (from Dilmun). From the 6th to 3rd century BC Bahrain was part of the Persian Empire. After the conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great, his admiral Nearchus led an expedition which discovered the island, and serving under Nearchus was Androsthenes of Thasos, who left an extensive account of the island in Periplus of India, the source of many subsequent writers, including the contemporary botanist Theophrastus, who states that the island was a rich source of cotton and timber.
Monastery of Iranzu
The Royal Monastery of Saint Mary of Iranzu is a Roman Catholic monastery located in Abárzuza, Navarre, Spain. It was founded by Pedro de Artajona in the late 12th century, being Artajona's place of burial upon his death in 1193. The Cistercian Order had a large part in its building throughout the 12th century.

It was one of many Spanish monasteries dissolved in the 1830s, although in the first years of the decade it was protected by the Carlists. The monastery was dissolved in 1839 after the Convention of Vergara, and was confiscated by the State. It was abandoned and became ruinous until 1942, when the Provincial Government of Navarre refurbished it. One year after, a Theatine Fathers community was established there.

Theatines
The Theatines, officially named the Congregation of Clerics Regular (Latin: Ordo Clericorum Regularium; abbreviated CR), are members of a Catholic order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men. The order was founded in virtue of faculties granted by Pope Clement VII on 24 June 1524 in the Brief Exponi Nobis.