hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bengt Calmeyer (journalist)
Bengt Calmeyer (born 3 October 1932) is a Norwegian journalist and novelist. He was born in Oslo, and is a brother of actor Joachim Calmeyer. He was assigned with the newspaper Arbeiderbladet from 1959, where he was a foreign correspondent in London from 1965, and later cultural editor. His books include NRK – myter og virkelighet from 1977 and Forsinket oppgjør: arbeiderbevegelsen og den politiske overvåking from 1993. He has written the crime novels Åpen grav (1967) and De hemmelige døde (1968), where the detective is a freelance journalist. Later fictional works include the trilogy Mennesker from 1997, Vitner from 1999 and Spor from 2000.

Dagsavisen
Dagsavisen is a daily newspaper published in Oslo, Norway. The former party organ of the Norwegian Labour Party, the ties loosened over time from 1975 to 1999. It has borne several names, and was called Arbeiderbladet from 1923 to 1997. Eirik Hoff Lysholm is editor-in-chief. The newspaper depends on economic support from the Norwegian Government.
Khera Dona
Khera Dona  is a village in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Kapurthala, which is both district and sub-district headquarters of  Khera Dona. The village is administrated by a Sarpanch, Kuljinder Singh, who is an elected representative of village as per the constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India). The next heir to the Sarpanch line is Anoop Singh, the eldest son.

Kapurthala
Kapurthala (Punjabi pronunciation: [kə.puːɾ.t̪ʰə.läː]) is a city in the Punjab state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Kapurthala District. It was the capital of the Kapurthala State, a princely state in British India. It is an immediate neighbour of Jalandhar city proper, and a part of the Jalandhar Metropolitan Region. The aesthetic mix of the city, with its prominent buildings based on French and Indo-Saracenic architecture self-narrate its princely past. And for this reason, it has often been referred to as the “Paris of Punjab”. It is also known as the 'City of Palaces & Gardens'. According to the 2011 census, Kapurthala is the least populated city in India.
ROH Top Prospect Tournament
The Top Prospect Tournament was a professional wrestling tournament held by Ring of Honor since 2011. The inaugural tournament took place in 2011 and had occurred every year since except for 2012 and 2018. The tournament was last held in 2019 and was discontinued after that.

ROH World Television Championship
The ROH World Television Championship is a men's professional wrestling world television championship created and promoted by the American promotion Ring of Honor (ROH). With the introduction of the title on January 20, 2010, the television-type championship returned to national exposure. The inaugural champion was Eddie Edwards. In addition to being in ROH, the championship is also occasionally defended on All Elite Wrestling's (AEW) programs, as AEW and ROH are both owned by Tony Khan. The reigning champion is Nick Wayne, who is in his first reign. He won the title by defeating Komander at AEW Collision: Spring BreakThru on April 17, 2025.
1924 United States Senate election in Virginia
The 1924 United States Senate election in Virginia was held on November 4, 1924. Incumbent Democratic Senator Carter Glass defeated Republican William N. Doak and was elected to his second term in office.

William N. Doak
William Nuckles Doak (December 12, 1882 – October 23, 1933) was an American labor leader.  He was the vice-president of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen and served as Secretary of Labor.  He died of cardiovascular disease in McLean, Virginia six months after retiring.
Tim Saunders
Tim Saunders is a Cornish poet and journalist primarily writing in the Cornish language who also writes in the Welsh, Irish, and Breton languages. He is resident in Cardiff but is of Cornish descent.  He is a literary historian and editor of 'The Wheel' – an anthology of modern poetry in Cornish 1850–1980. High Tide is a collection of his own poems in Cornish from the years 1974 to 1999. He was made bard of the Gorsedh Kernow in 1998, taking the bardic name Bardh Gwerin (Poet of the People).

Tim's daughters, Gwenno and Ani Saunders, are musical artists who write and sing in Cornish, Welsh, and English. Gwenno was nominated for the Mercury Prize for her album Tresor (album) in 2022.

Mercury Prize
The Mercury Prize, formerly called the Mercury Music Prize, is an annual music prize awarded for the best album released by a musical act from the United Kingdom or Ireland. It was created by Jon Webster and Robert Chandler in association with the British Phonographic Industry and British Association of Record Dealers in 1992 as an alternative to the Brit Awards.
Debi Prasad Mishra
Debi Prasad Mishra is an Indian politician from Odisha. He was a six time elected Member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly from 1995, representing Kendrapara Assembly constituency as a Member of the Janata Dal and from 2000, 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2019 representing the same constituency as a member of Biju Janata Dal.

2000 Orissa Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Orissa Legislative Assembly were held in February 2000 to elect members of the 147 constituencies in Orissa, India. The BJP and BJD fought election together as NDA. The National Democratic Alliance won the most seats and Naveen Pattanaik was appointed as the Chief Minister of Orissa. The number of constituencies was set as 147 by the recommendation of the Delimitation Commission of India.
Live and Kicking (Australian TV program)
Live and Kicking is a television show that was broadcast in Australia on the Seven Network in 1998 and 1999.

An Australian rules football show focusing on the Australian Football League (AFL), the show featured Jason Dunstall, Doug Hawkins and Craig Hutchison among others.

The show was aimed as a variety show, with footballers in the AFL invited onto the show to perform songs. Players included Daniel Harford (performing Five's "When the Lights Go Out"); Nicky Winmar (performing "That's All Right (Mama)" by Elvis Presley); Dale Lewis; Nick Daffy; and Adam Heuskes (performing "Holiday" by Madonna).

Musical guests on the show also included Taxiride and Human Nature.

Jason Dunstall announced his retirement live on air after months of speculation.

The show was broadcast on Wednesday nights, to avoid competition with the more established The Footy Show on Thursdays. However, ratings were low and the show was axed after the 1999 AFL season, replaced in 2000 by The Game.

Nick Daffy
Nick Daffy (born 11 May 1973) is a former Australian rules football player who played in the AFL between 1992 and 2001 for the Richmond Football Club and then played one game in 2002 for the Sydney Swans Football Club.
2016 United States Senate election in South Carolina
The 2016 United States Senate election in South Carolina was held on November 8, 2016, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of South Carolina, concurrently with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Both major parties held their primaries on June 14.

Incumbent Republican Senator Tim Scott won re-election to a first full term in office.

This was the second U.S. Senate election in South Carolina (and the second of three consecutive elections for this seat) where both major party nominees were black, and the third overall since the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment.

Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Seventeenth Amendment (Amendment XVII) to the United States Constitution established the direct election of United States senators in each state. The amendment supersedes Article I, Section 3, Clauses 1 and 2 of the Constitution, under which senators were appointed by state legislatures. It also alters the procedure for filling vacancies in the Senate, allowing for state legislatures to permit their governors to make temporary appointments until a special election can be held.

The amendment was proposed by the 62nd Congress in 1912 and became part of the Constitution upon ratification by three-quarters (36) of the state legislatures: on April 8, 1913. Sitting senators were not affected until their existing terms expired. The transition began with two special elections in Georgia and in Maryland, then in earnest with the November 1914 election; it was complete on March 4, 1919, when the senators chosen by the November 1918 election took office.
Barnet (CDP), Vermont
Barnet is the primary village and a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Barnet, Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the CDP had a population of 127, out of 1,663 in the entire town of Barnet.

The village is in southeastern Caledonia County, along the southeast edge of the town of Barnet, sitting on the west bank of the Connecticut River. It is bordered to the southeast, across the river, by the town of Monroe, New Hampshire.

Interstate 91 forms the northwest edge of the CDP, with access from Exit 18 (West Barnet Road). I-91 leads north 10 miles (16 km) to St. Johnsbury and south 50 miles (80 km) to White River Junction. U.S. Route 5 passes through the center of the village, paralleling I-91; it leads north 9 miles (14 km) to St. Johnsbury and south 11 miles (18 km) to Wells River.

Wells River, Vermont
Wells River is a village in the town of Newbury in Orange County, Vermont, United States. The population was 431 at the 2020 census. The village center is located at the junction of U.S. Routes 5 and 302.

The village center (the portion near the confluence of the Wells River and the Connecticut River) was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 as Wells River Village Historic District.  The district covers 84 contributing properties over an area of 390 acres (1.6 km2). It includes examples of Classical Revival, Federal, and Late Victorian styles.
The Spoilers (1923 film)
The Spoilers is a 1923 American silent Western film directed by Lambert Hillyer. It is set in Nome, Alaska during the 1898 Gold Rush, with Milton Sills as Roy Glennister, Anna Q. Nilsson as Cherry Malotte, and Noah Beery Sr. as Alex McNamara. The film culminates in a saloon fistfight between Glennister and McNamara.

The Spoilers was adapted to screen by Elliott J. Clawson from the 1906 Rex Beach novel of the same name.  Film versions also appeared in 1914, in 1930 (with Gary Cooper as Glennister and Betty Compson as Cherry Malotte), in 1942 (with John Wayne as Glennister, Marlene Dietrich as Malotte, and Randolph Scott as McNamara), and finally in in 1955 with Anne Baxter as Malotte, Jeff Chandler as Glennister and Rory Calhoun as McNamara.

The character of Cherry Malotte also appears in Beach's The Silver Horde (1930), portrayed by Evelyn Brent.

Elliott J. Clawson
Elliott J. Clawson (January 19, 1883 – July 21, 1942) was an American screenwriter. He wrote for more than 80 films between 1913 and 1929. He was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, and died in Vista, California. At the 2nd Academy Awards in 1930, four of his films were nominated for Best Writing: The Cop, Sal of Singapore, Skyscraper, and The Leatherneck.
Succinimidyl 4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate
Succinimidyl 4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (SMCC) is a heterobifunctional amine-to-sulfhydryl crosslinker, which contains two reactive groups at opposite ends: N-hydroxysuccinimide-ester and maleimide, reactive with amines and thiols respectively. SMCC is often used in bioconjugation to link proteins with other functional entities (fluorescent dyes, tracers, nanoparticles, cytotoxic agents). For example, a targeted anticancer agent – trastuzumab emtansine (antibody-drug conjugate containing an antibody trastuzumab chemically linked to a highly potent drug DM-1) – is prepared using SMCC reagent.

Mertansine
Mertansine, also called DM1 (and in some of its forms emtansine), is a thiol-containing maytansinoid that for therapeutic purposes is attached to a monoclonal antibody through reaction of the thiol group with a linker structure to create an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).

ADCs with this design include trastuzumab emtansine, lorvotuzumab mertansine, and cantuzumab mertansine. Some are still experimental; others are in regular clinical use.
Arif Ahmed (philosopher)
Arif Mohuiddin Ahmed (born 18 March 1974) is a British philosopher and academic, who is the Director for Freedom of Speech and Academic Freedom of the Office for Students, following his appointment in June 2023. Before this, Ahmed was a philosopher at the University of Cambridge.

Office for Students
The Office for Students (OfS) is a non-departmental public body of the Department for Education of the United Kingdom Government. It acts as the regulator and competition authority for the higher education sector in England.
Paul Abberley
Paul Andrew Abberley (born March 1959) is the chief executive of Charles Stanley Group since 19 December 2014. Previously, he was the chief investment officer at Charles Stanley & Co. Limited since June 2014. Before that, he was head of investments at Aviva Investors and the chairman and CEO at Fischer Francis Trees & Watts UK Limited.

Aviva Investors
Aviva Investors is an investment management company and is part of the Aviva group. Founded in 1971 as Geoffrey Morley and Partners, the firm has undergone mergers and ownership changes as part of the Aviva group. The company has been active in infrastructure and renewable-energy investment, including biomass and wing projects.
Armenian Cup
The Armenian Cup (Armenian: Հայաստանի Անկախության Գավաթ) is the main football cup competition of Armenia. In its original form as the Armenian Cup, it started in 1939, when Armenia was a republic of the Soviet Union. It served as a qualification tournament for the Soviet Cup, and it was not disputed by Armenian teams in the Soviet League pyramid.  After Armenia gained independence in 1992, the cup became known as Independence Cup, and the final is held every year on 9 May.

Since 2022, it has been known as the Fastex Armenian Cup after its headline sponsor.

FC BKMA Yerevan
FC BKMA Yerevan (Armenian: ԲԿՄԱ Երևան or Armenian: Բանակի Կենտրոնական Մարզական Ակումբ Երևան; Banaki Kentronakan Marzakan Akumb Yerevan; lit. 'Central Sport Club of the Army Yerevan') is an Armenian professional football club based in Yerevan.
Pandav Gufa Rural Municipality
Jagannath Rural Municipality (Nepali: जगन्नाथ गाउँपालिका) is the newly formed rural municipality in Bajura District in the Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal. It was formed in March 2017, when Government of Nepal decided to restrict all old administrative structure and announced 744 local level units in line with the Constitution of Nepal 2015.

Rural municipality (Nepal)
A gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: Gāum̐pālikā, lit. 'rural municipality' Nepali pronunciation: [ɡãũ̯palika]) is an administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. It is a sub-unit of a district. There are currently 481 rural municipalities.
Marable
Marable is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

C. J. Marable (born 1997), African-American football player

Fate Marable (1890–1947), American jazz pianist and bandleader

John Hartwell Marable (1786–1844), American politician

Larance Marable (1929–2012), American jazz drummer

Manning Marable (1950–2011), American professor of public affairs, history and African-American Studies

Nick Marable (born 1987), American wrestler

Richard Marable (1949–2025), American politician

Nick Marable
Nick Marable (born May 7, 1987) of Collierville, Tennessee, is an American former freestyle wrestler for Sunkist Kids Wrestling Club. He represented the United States at the 2014 World Wrestling Championships. Marable later served as the assistant wrestling coach for West Virginia University.
Imperfect self-defense
Imperfect self-defense is a common law doctrine recognized by some jurisdictions whereby a defendant may mitigate punishment or sentencing imposed for a crime involving the use of deadly force by claiming, as a partial affirmative defense, the honest but unreasonable belief that the actions were necessary to counter an attack. Not all jurisdictions accept imperfect self-defense as a basis to reduce a murder charge.

Self-defense: A perfect argument of self-defense proves all elements of self-defense, and results in the defendant's acquittal. If a defendant proves imperfect self-defense, the defendant will be convicted of a lesser homicide charge, such as voluntary manslaughter.

Imperfect self-defense: The concept of imperfect self-defense is that, although not all elements of self-defense were proved, extenuating circumstances nonetheless partially excuse the act that caused death.

Affirmative defense
An affirmative defense to a civil lawsuit or criminal charge is a fact or set of facts other than those alleged by the plaintiff or prosecutor which, if proven by the defendant, defeats or mitigates the legal consequences of the defendant's otherwise unlawful conduct. In civil lawsuits, affirmative defenses include the statute of limitations, the statute of frauds, waiver, and other affirmative defenses such as, in the United States, those listed in Rule 8 (c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. In criminal prosecutions, examples of affirmative defenses are self defense, insanity, entrapment and the statute of limitations.
History of algebra
Algebra can essentially be considered as doing computations similar to those of arithmetic but with non-numerical mathematical objects. However, until the 19th century, algebra consisted essentially of the theory of equations. For example, the fundamental theorem of algebra belongs to the theory of equations and is not, nowadays, considered as belonging to algebra (in fact, every proof must use the completeness of the real numbers, which is not an algebraic property).

This article describes the history of the theory of equations, referred to in this article as "algebra", from the origins to the emergence of algebra as a separate area of mathematics.

Completeness of the real numbers
Completeness is a property of the real numbers that, intuitively, implies that there are no "gaps" (in Dedekind's terminology) or "missing points" in the real number line.  This contrasts with the rational numbers, whose corresponding number line has a "gap" at each irrational value.  In the decimal number system, completeness is equivalent to the statement that any infinite string of decimal digits is actually a decimal representation for some real number.

Depending on the construction of the real numbers used, completeness may take the form of an axiom (the completeness axiom), or may be a theorem proven from the construction.  There are many equivalent forms of completeness, the most prominent being Dedekind completeness and Cauchy completeness (completeness as a metric space).
San Simeone Profeta
San Simeone Profeta, also known as San Simeone Grande is a church in the sestiere of Santa Croce in Venice, Italy. The adjective Grande distinguishes this church from the San Simeone Piccolo, which was smaller in size until its 18th-century reconstruction. The near palaces are Palazzo Gradenigo and Palazzo Soranzo Cappello.

Santa Croce (Venice)
Santa Croce is one of the six sestieri of Venice, northern Italy.

During the eleventh century, in 1273, it was administered by the Hungarian nobleman and crusader knight Giovanni, member of one of the biggest Christian families in Hungary Renoldi, as reported by the book published in 1866 in Florence book of the Venetian noblemen for the first time shown.
V (Saint Vitus album)
V is the fifth studio album by American doom metal band Saint Vitus, released in 1990. Its title is a reference to the Roman numeral five, not the letter "V" from the English alphabet. The album was the band's first release not on SST Records and the last one to feature singer Scott "Wino" Weinrich (until 2012's Lillie: F-65).

In 2004, Southern Lord Records re-released the album on CD and vinyl. The reissue CD contains bonus live footage from The Palm Springs Community Center on May 16, 1986.

The track "Ice Monkey" has been covered by sludge metal band Down during their live shows. A line in "Ice Monkey" also inspired the name of Down's NOLA opener "Temptation's Wings". "Patra" was covered by The Kilimanjaro Darkjazz Ensemble in 2009.

The Kilimanjaro Darkjazz Ensemble
The Kilimanjaro Darkjazz Ensemble is a Dutch band formed in Utrecht, Netherlands, in 1999. The group is composed of Jason Köhnen, Gideon Kiers, trombonist Hilary Jeffery, cellist Nina Hitz, singer Charlotte Cegarra, guitarist Eelco Bosman, and violinist Sadie Anderson. Its live counterpart is The Mount Fuji Doomjazz Corporation.
Crolly railway station
Crolly railway station served the hamlet of Crolly in County Donegal, Ireland.

The station opened on 9 March 1903 when the Londonderry and Lough Swilly Railway opened their Letterkenny and Burtonport Extension Railway, from Letterkenny to Burtonport. It closed on 3 June 1940 when the LLSR closed the line from Tooban Junction to Burtonport in an effort to save money.

Londonderry and Lough Swilly Railway
The Londonderry and Lough Swilly Railway Company (The L&LSR, the Swilly) was an Irish public transport and freight company that operated in parts of County Londonderry and County Donegal between 1853 and 2014.

Established in the Victorian era and incorporated in June 1853, the L&LSR operated 99 miles of railways at its peak. With its rail services struggling to be profitable, it began a transition to bus and road freight services in 1929 and closed its last railway line in July 1953.

As it continued to operate bus services under the name Lough Swilly Bus Company into the 21st century, the L&LSR became the oldest railway company in the world to continue trading as a commercial concern. However, following a High Court petition by HM Revenue and Customs, the company went into liquidation, operating its final bus services on 19 April 2014.
Twenty-Four Eyes
Twenty-Four Eyes (Japanese: 二十四の瞳, Hepburn: Nijū-shi no Hitomi) is a 1954 Japanese drama film directed by Keisuke Kinoshita, based on the 1952 novel of the same name by Sakae Tsuboi. The film stars Hideko Takamine as a young schoolteacher who lives during the rise and fall of Japanese nationalism in the early Shōwa period, and has been noted for its anti-war theme.

Twenty-Four Eyes was released in Japan by Shochiku on 15 September 1954, where it received generally positive reviews and was a commercial success. It received numerous awards, including the Blue Ribbon Award, the Mainichi Film Award and the Kinema Junpo Award for Best Film of 1954, and the Golden Globe Award.

Anti-war movement
An anti-war movement is a social movement in opposition to one or more nations' decision to start or carry on an armed conflict. The term anti-war can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts, or to anti-war books, paintings, and other works of art. Some activists distinguish between anti-war movements and peace movements. Anti-war activists work through protest and other grassroots means to attempt to pressure a government (or governments) to put an end to a particular war or conflict or to prevent one from arising.