hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biased graph
In mathematics, a biased graph is a graph with a list of distinguished circles (edge sets of simple cycles), such that if two circles in the list are contained in a theta graph, then the third circle of the theta graph is also in the list.  A biased graph is a generalization of the combinatorial essentials of a gain graph and in particular of a signed graph.

Formally, a biased graph Ω is a pair (G, B) where G is a graph and B is a linear class of circles in G.  (A "linear class" is a class of circles that satisfies the theta-graph property mentioned above.)

A subgraph or edge set whose circles are all in B (and which contains no half-edges) is called balanced.  For instance, a circle belonging to B is balanced and one that does not belong to B is unbalanced.

Biased graphs are interesting mostly because of their matroids, but also because of their connection with multiary quasigroups.  See below.

Cycle (graph theory)
In graph theory, a cycle in a graph is a non-empty trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal. A directed cycle in a directed graph is a non-empty directed trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal.

A graph without cycles is called an acyclic graph. A directed graph without directed cycles is called a directed acyclic graph. A connected graph without cycles is called a tree.
1951 Rio do Sal Linhas Aéreas Paulistas C-47 crash
The 1951 Rio do Sal Linhas Aéreas Paulistas C-47D crash was an aviation accident that occurred on 12 July 1951. During the execution of instrument landing procedures, a Douglas C-47 Skytrain of the company Linhas Aéreas Paulistas collided with a tree located 3 km from the runway of the Aracaju airport. All 33 occupants of the aircraft died in the crash.

Aviation accidents and incidents
An aviation accident is an event during aircraft operation that results in serious injury, death, or significant destruction. An aviation incident is any operating event that compromises safety but does not escalate into an aviation accident. Preventing both accidents and incidents is the primary goal of aviation safety. Adverse weather conditions, including turbulence, thunderstorms, icing, and low visibility, have historically been major contributing factors in aviation accidents and incidents worldwide.
Giovanni Bianchi (composer, born c. 1660)
Giovanni Bianchi (born c. 1660 – died after 1720) was an Italian composer and violinist of the Baroque period. He is best known as a composer of sonatas. He should not be confused with the composers Giovanni Battista Bianchi (composer, flourished 1780–1782) or Giovanni Battista Bianchi (composer, flourished 1675).

Lists of violinists
The following lists of violinists are available on Wikipedia:

List of classical violinists

List of contemporary classical violinists

List of jazz violinists

List of popular music violinists

List of Indian violinists

List of Persian violinists

List of electric violinists

List of fiddlers

List of female violinists
Redcliffe Fire Station
Redcliffe Fire Station is a heritage-listed former fire station at 395 Oxley Avenue, Redcliffe, City of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1948 to 1949 by Alex Smith. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 September 2005.

Fire station
A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatuses such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. Fire stations frequently contain working and living space for the firefighters and support staff.

In large U.S. cities, fire stations are often named for the primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the settlement, neighborhood or street where they are located, or given a number.
Wubbold Glacier
Wubbold Glacier is a steeply inclined glacier, 8 nautical miles (15 km) long, flowing south from the Havre Mountains, situated in the northern portion of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The glacier drains the north, west and southwest slopes of Mount Pontida, and flows into Lazarev Bay north of Mount Holt. It was photographed from the air by Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947 and was mapped from the photographs by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Commander J.H. Wubbold, USCG, commanding officer, USCGC Northwind, U.S. Navy Operation Deepfreeze, 1977.

Alexander Island
Alexander Island, also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. The George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north–south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second-largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.
Bret (surname)
Bret is the surname of:

Antoine Bret (1717–1792), French writer and playwright

David Bret (born 1954), French-born British author of biographies

Jean Jacques Bret (1781–1819), French mathematician

Patrice Bret (ski mountaineer) (born 1971), French ski mountaineer

Patrice Bret (historian) (born 1949), French historian of science and technology

Patrice Bret (historian)
Patrice Bret (born 1949) is a French historian of science and technology and a senior researcher at the Centre Alexandre-Koyré in Paris. His areas of expertise include the translation and circulation of scientific and technical knowledge through communities in the 18th century, the technology and history of armaments in the 18th-20th centuries, and science and technology under colonisation (e.g. Napoleon's Egypt Expedition).

Bret has served as director of research at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), 
scientific head of the Centre des hautes études de l'Armement (CHEAr), 
scientific director of the L'Institut de recherche stratégique de l'École militaire (IRSEM), 
secretary general of the Comité National Francais d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences (CNFHPS), and secretary general of the Comité Lavoisier of the French Academy of Sciences.
Namibia national under-20 rugby union team
The Namibia'n national under-20 rugby union team represents Namibia at a junior national level.

Namibia participated at the 2014 Junior World Rugby Trophy and finished in 6th place. They qualified for the 2015 Under 20 Trophy after they defeated Kenya 52-17, at the finals of Rugby Africa's Under 19 Championship.

Rugby Africa
Rugby Africa is the administrative body for rugby union within the continent of Africa under the authority of World Rugby, which is the world governing body of rugby union. As of 2018, Rugby Africa has 37 member nations and runs several rugby tournaments for national teams, including the Africa Cup which is the main 15-a-side competition for African national teams.

Rugby Africa was founded in 1986 as the Confederation of African Rugby (CAR) to promote, develop, organise and administer the game of rugby in Africa. It was renamed Rugby Africa in December 2014.

The President of Rugby Africa is the Herbert Mensah from Ghana.
First United Lutheran Church
First United Lutheran Church is a congregation of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA), located in San Francisco, California. Formed in 1886 as the Women's Memorial Church, it was the first Lutheran congregation in California to use English as its primary language for worship. In 1990, First United was suspended, and later expelled from the ELCA for ordaining an openly gay pastor, against the wishes of the denomination. The ELCA Churchwide Assembly voted to approve openly gay clergy in 2009, and in 2012, First United rejoined the denomination. Presently a "church without walls," First United meets in St. Cyprian's Episcopal Church, located at 2097 Turk Street, near the main campus of the University of San Francisco.

University of San Francisco
The University of San Francisco (USF) is a private Jesuit university in San Francisco, California, United States. Founded in 1855, it has nearly 9,000 students pursuing undergraduate and graduate degrees in 59 major programs. In addition to its main campus in the Golden Gate area, it has satellite campuses in downtown San Francisco, Orange County, Sacramento, San Jose, and Santa Rosa.
Isaías González Cuevas
Isaías González Cuevas (born 6 July 1940) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRI. He currently serves as Senator of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress for Baja California Sur. He also served as member of the Chamber of Deputies during the LVII and LXI legislatures.

LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXI Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 61st session of the Congress of Mexico, met from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009.
The Border (album)
The Border is the 75th solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Willie Nelson. It was released on May 31, 2024, through Legacy Recordings. Produced by Buddy Cannon, the album contains four original songs by Nelson and Cannon along with six songs from songwriters such as Rodney Crowell, Shawn Camp and Mike Reid.

The album's lead single and title track, a cover of Crowell and Allen Shamblin's song "The Border" from Crowell's 2019 album Texas, was released on March 14, 2024.

Legacy Recordings
Legacy Recordings is an American record label that is a division of Sony Music. Formed in 1990 after Sony's acquisition of CBS Records, Legacy originally handled the archives of Sony Music-owned labels Columbia Records and Epic Records. In 2004, under the Sony BMG joint venture, the label began to manage the archives of RCA Records, J Records, Windham Hill Records, Arista, LaFace, Jive, and Buddah Records. Legacy Recordings also distributes Philadelphia International Records and the catalog of recordings produced by Phil Spector. It is not related to the defunct British independent label Legacy Records.
Stiffkey Fen
Stiffkey Fen is a nature reserve near Stiffkey, Norfolk.  It is 14 ha (35 acres) in extent, and was created from farmland by Lord Buxton, who also, with the support of the Environment Agency, improved the wetland by slowing the water flow through the fen. The reserve has a reed bed and a fresh water lagoon and islands. It has a winter roost of up to 4,000 northern lapwings, and also hosts water rails and bearded tits.

It is part of the 7,700-hectare (19,000-acre) North Norfolk Coast Site of Special Scientific Interest. The larger area is now additionally protected through Natura 2000, Special Protection Area (SPA) and Ramsar listings, and is part of the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). The reserve was donated to the Buxton Conservation Trust in 1999.

Bearded reedling
The bearded reedling (Panurus biarmicus) is a small, long-tailed passerine bird found in reed beds near water in the temperate zone of Eurasia. It is frequently known as the bearded tit or bearded parrotbill, as it historically was believed to be closely related to tits or parrotbills. Today it is known to lack close relatives and it is the only species in the family Panuridae.

Bearded reedlings are strongly sexually dimorphic and form life-long pairs. They are highly productive and can breed several times in a season. They mainly feed on small invertebrates in summer and plant seeds in winter.
Bob Gamere
Robert Charles Gamere (born November 1, 1939) is an American former sportscaster. He primarily worked in the Boston area and hosted a local candlepin bowling show during the 1970s named Candlepins for Cash.

Candlepin bowling
Candlepin bowling is a variation of bowling that is played primarily in the Canadian Maritime provinces and the New England region of the United States. It is played with a handheld-sized ball and tall, narrow pins that resemble candles, hence the name.
Daylight Saving for South East Queensland Referendum Bill 2010
The Daylight Saving for South East Queensland Referendum Bill 2010 was a bill tabled in the Queensland Parliament on 14 April 2010, by Independent Member Peter Wellington. Wellington had called for a referendum to be held at the next State election on introduction of daylight saving time for South East Queensland. The Bill proposed a split-time zone for the state of Queensland and had suggested that the local government areas of Brisbane, Gold Coast, Sunshine Coast, Ipswich, Logan, Scenic Rim, Redland and Moreton Bay be included in the daylight saving time zone, while the rest of the state remains on standard time.

Peter Wellington
Peter William Wellington (born 21 August 1957) is an Australian politician. He was the independent member for Nicklin in the Queensland Legislative Assembly from 1998 to 2017, and served as Speaker from 2015 to 2017. Wellington has held the balance of power in the legislature twice in his career, and both times saw him give support to Labor-led minority governments.
Iturrieta
Iturrieta (Basque pronunciation: [ituri.eta], Spanish pronunciation: [ituˈrjeta]) is an experimental farm in Álava, Basque Country, Spain. It is located within the Parzonería de Iturrieta (Basque: Iturrietako partzuergoa), a common land managed by neighboring villages.

Ullíbarri-Arana
Ullíbarri-Arana (Spanish pronunciation: [uˈʝiβarjaˈɾana]) or Uribarri Harana (Basque pronunciation: [uɾiβari aɾana]) is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Harana/Valle de Arana, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.
Siface, re di Numidia
Siface re di Numidia (also: Siface or Viriate) is a libretto in three acts by Pietro Metastasio. It is a reworking of La forza della virtù by de:Domenico David and was Metastasio's first work as a librettist. it was first performed with a setting to music by Francesco Feo on 13 May 1723 at the Teatro San Bartolomeo, Naples.

Nicola Porpora
Nicola (or Niccolò) Antonio Giacinto Porpora (17 August 1686 – 3 March 1768) was an Italian composer and teacher of singing of the Baroque era, whose most famous singing students were the castrati Farinelli and Caffarelli. Other students included composers Johann Adolph Hasse, Matteo Capranica and Joseph Haydn.
The Best of A Flock of Seagulls
The Best of A Flock of Seagulls is a compilation album by the new wave band A Flock of Seagulls, released in October 1986 by Jive Records. It is the first official compilation album released by the band.

A Flock of Seagulls
A Flock of Seagulls is an English new wave band formed in Liverpool in 1979. The group, whose best-known line-up comprised Mike Score, Ali Score, Frank Maudsley and Paul Reynolds, hit the peak of their chart success in the early 1980s.

The group had a string of international hit singles including "I Ran (So Far Away)" (1982), "Space Age Love Song" (1982), "Wishing (If I Had a Photograph of You)" (1982), and "The More You Live, the More You Love" (1984). Their video for "I Ran (So Far Away)" received airplay on MTV during the Second British Invasion. The band won a Grammy Award in 1983 for their instrumental "D.N.A." (1982).

In 2018, the members of the original lineup assembled to record the album Ascension with the Prague Philharmonic Orchestra. In 2021, the original lineup again reunited temporarily to record another album with the Prague Philharmonic Orchestra, String Theory.
Maarten De Veuster
Maarten De Veuster (born 22 February 1973) is a Belgian politician and a member of the New Flemish Alliance.

De Veuster studied a business degree at the Karel de Grote University of Applied Sciences and Arts in Antwerp where he was an active member of the Flemish nationalist and conservative Katholiek Vlaams Hoogstudentenverbond (KVHV) student group. Since 2016, he has been a municiple councilor in Schoten for the N-VA. In 2019, he was elected as a member of the Flemish Parliament.

Katholiek Vlaams Hoogstudentenverbond
Katholiek Vlaams Hoogstudentenverbond (KVHV) or the Catholic Flemish Students' Association is a political student society which concerns Flemish nationalism and conservatism. It accepts male and female members and has chapters in Ghent, Leuven, Antwerp, Brussels, Aalst and Sint-Katelijne-Waver. Previously KVHV had chapters in Kortrijk, Ostend, and Mechelen.
Reading Youth Orchestra
Reading Youth Orchestra (RYO) is one of the oldest youth orchestras in the United Kingdom. It was formed in 1944 with just eleven members and has a history rooted strongly in the British Youth and Community Service. It is open to all young people in the general area of Reading in the English county of Berkshire; admission is by audition. The orchestra, whose members range from fourteen to nineteen years of age, meets on Friday evenings to prepare for its three annual concerts. The orchestra celebrated its 60th birthday in 2004.

RYO has toured to European cities and regularly holds summer courses.

Reading Youth Orchestra is supported by Friends of RYO (FRYO).

Leighton Park School
Leighton Park School is a co-educational private school for day and boarding pupils in Reading in South East England. Founded in 1890 as a Quaker school, its ethos remains closely aligned with Quaker values. The school describes its core values as “The Stripes”, defined as simplicity, truth, respect, integrity, peace, equality and sustainability. It is one of the 10 Quaker schools in the UK.
Austria at the Hopman Cup
Austria is a nation that has competed at the Hopman Cup tournament on five occasions. It first competed at the 2nd annual staging in 1990 and its best result to date came in 1994, when it reached the semifinals.

1994 Hopman Cup
The 1994 Hopman Cup was the sixth edition of the Hopman Cup that was held at the Burswood Entertainment Complex, in Perth, Western Australia. Jana Novotná and Petr Korda of the Czech Republic defeated Anke Huber and Bernd Karbacher of Germany in the final to win the title.
Armenia at the 2018 European Athletics Championships
Armenia competed at the 2018 European Athletics Championships in Berlin, Germany, from 6-12 August 2018. A delegation of 2 athletes were sent to represent the country.

The following athletes were selected to compete by the Armenian Athletic Federation.

Men

Track and road

Field events

2018 European Athletics Championships
The 2018 European Athletics Championships were held in Berlin, Germany, from 6 to 12 August 2018. The championships were part of the first European Championships with other events happening in the United Kingdom.

For the second Championships in a row, the Russian team did not participate; this was due to the suspension of the All-Russia Athletic Federation by the International Association of Athletics Federations. However, several athletes were cleared by the IAAF to compete as Authorised Neutral Athletes under the flag of the European Athletic Association. Mariya Lasitskene became the first such athlete to win a gold medal, in the women's high jump.
Susanna Hanan
Susanna Hanan (née Murray; 1 July 1870 – 12 February 1970) was a New Zealand governess, singer and community worker. She was born in Wallacetown, Southland, New Zealand, on 1 July 1870. She was the wife of Josiah Hanan and the aunt of Ralph Hanan.

Wallacetown
Wallacetown is a small town in Southland, in the South Island of New Zealand. Wallacetown is to the west of Invercargill, on high ground between the Makarewa and Ōreti rivers, near the Ōreti's estuary. Both rivers are popular for trout and whitebait fishing. It is considered to be a satellite town of Invercargill. It is served by State Highway 99, which skirts the town's northern edge.
Next Generation Combat Vehicle
The Next Generation Combat Vehicle (NGCV) is a United States Army program intended to procure a variety of armored vehicles to add new capabilities to Army units and replace existing platforms that are nearing the end of their service life. The program covers the following systems:

Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV), the replacement for the M113.

XM30 Mechanized Infantry Combat Vehicle (MICV), the replacement for the M2 Bradley IFV, formerly known as the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV)

Mobile Protected Firepower (MPF), fire support vehicle for Infantry Brigade Combat Teams (IBCTs), that resulted in the currently abandoned M10 Booker.

Robotic Combat Vehicle (RCV), three unmanned ground vehicles in light, medium, and heavy configurations.

Decisive Lethality Platform (DLP), the replacement for the M1 Abrams main battle tank.

Unmanned ground vehicle
An unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) also known colloquially as armored robot (ARB) is a vehicle that operates while in contact with the ground without an onboard human presence. UGVs can be used for many applications where it is inconvenient, dangerous, expensive, or impossible to use an onboard human operator. Typically, the vehicle has sensors to observe the environment, and autonomously controls its behavior or uses a remote human operator to control the vehicle via teleoperation.

The UGV is the land-based counterpart to unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned underwater vehicles and unmanned surface vehicles. Unmanned robots are used in war and by civilians.
Come On Up to the House: Women Sing Waits
Come On Up to the House: Women Sing Waits is a tribute album of Tom Waits songs performed by established female singers. The album was released in late 2019 by Dualtone Records, a couple weeks in advance of Waits' 70th birthday. Among the individual artists and groups featured are Rosanne Cash, Phoebe Bridgers, Iris DeMent, Patty Griffin, Joseph (group), Shelby Lynne & Allison Moorer, Aimee Mann and The Wild Reeds.

The project was initiated by Dualtone president Scott Robinson, who invited author and musician Warren Zanes to serve as producer. Zanes personally contacted most of the artists, offering them the opportunity to select the songs they would like to record. None of the album's 12 tracks was previously released.

Patty Griffin
Patricia Jean Griffin (born March 16, 1964) is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. She is a vocalist and plays guitar and piano. She is known for her stripped-down songwriting style in the folk music genre. Her songs have been covered by numerous musicians, including Emmylou Harris, Ellis Paul, Kelly Clarkson, Rory Block, Dave Hause, Sugarland, Bette Midler and The Chicks.

In 2007, Griffin received the Artist of the Year award from the Americana Music Association, and her album Children Running Through won the award for Best Album. She received the Lifetime Achievement Award for Songwriting at the 2023 Americana Music Honors & Awards. In 2011, Griffin's album Downtown Church won the Grammy Award for Best Traditional Gospel Album and her 2019 self-titled album won the Grammy Award for Best Folk Album. She got a 2026 Grammy Awards nomination for her album Crown of Roses in the Best Folk Album category.