hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nu Dem
Nu Dem ("New Time") is a fortnightly Kurdish language newspaper headquartered in Qamishli, Syria. The newspaper, the first Kurdish-language newspaper in Syria, began in May 2013. At that time it had a circulation of 3,000. As of October 2013, Qadir Agid is the editor in chief and Massoud Hamid is the manager.

Fortnight
A fortnight is a unit of time equal to 14 days (two weeks). The word derives from the Old English term fēowertīene niht, meaning "fourteen nights" (or "fourteen days", since the Anglo-Saxons counted by nights).
Vanaheimr
In Norse cosmology, Vanaheimr (Old Norse for 'home of the Vanir') is a location associated with the Vanir, a group of gods themselves associated with fertility, wisdom, and the ability to see the future.

Vanaheimr is attested in the Poetic Edda; compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and  the Prose Edda and (in euhemerized form) Heimskringla; both written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. In the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda, Vanaheimr is described as the location where the god Njörðr was raised.

Snorri Sturluson
Snorri Sturluson (Old Norse: [ˈsnorːe ˈsturloˌson]; Icelandic: [ˈstnɔrːɪ ˈstʏ(r)tlʏˌsɔːn]; 1179 – 23 September 1241) was an Icelandic historian, poet, knight, and politician. He was elected twice as lawspeaker of the Icelandic parliament, the Althing. He is commonly thought to have authored or compiled portions of the Prose Edda, which is a major source for what is today known about Norse mythology and alliterative verse, and Heimskringla, a history of the Norse kings that begins with legendary material in Ynglinga saga and moves through to early medieval Scandinavian history. For stylistic and methodological reasons, Snorri is often taken to be the author of Egil's Saga. He was assassinated in 1241 by men claiming to be agents of the King of Norway.
Russell Tuttle
Russell Howard Tuttle (born August 18, 1939) is a distinguished primate morphologist, paleoanthropologist, and a four-field (linguistics, archaeology, sociocultural anthropology and biological anthropology) trained Anthropologist. He is currently an active Professor of Anthropology, Evolutionary Biology, History of Science and Medicine at the University of Chicago. Tuttle was enlisted by Mary Leakey to analyze the 3.4-million-year-old footprints she discovered in Laetoli, Tanzania. He determined that the creatures that left these prints walked bipedally in a fashion almost identical to human beings. He currently lives in Chicago, Illinois.

Tuttle was named Guggenheim Fellow in 1985 and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 2003. In 2006, he received the Quantrell Award.

Paleoanthropology
Paleoanthropology or paleo-anthropology is a branch of paleontology and anthropology which seeks to understand the early development of anatomically modern humans, a process known as hominization, through the reconstruction of evolutionary kinship lines within the family Hominidae, working from biological evidence (such as petrified skeletal remains, bone fragments, footprints) and cultural evidence (such as stone tools, artifacts, and settlement localities).

The field draws from and combines primatology, paleontology, biological anthropology, and cultural anthropology. As technologies and methods advance, genetics plays an ever-increasing role, in particular to examine and compare DNA structure as a vital tool of research of the evolutionary kinship lines of related species and genera.
2017 Black-Eyed Susan Stakes
The 2017 Black-Eyed Susan Stakes was the 93rd running of the Black-Eyed Susan Stakes. The race took place on May 19, 2016, and was televised in the United States on the NBC Sports Network. Ridden by jockey Nik Juarez, Actress won the race by a head over runner-up Lights of Medina. Approximate post time on the Friday evening before the Preakness Stakes was 4:50 p.m. Eastern Time. The Maryland Jockey Club supplied a purse of $300,000 for the 93rd running. The race was run over a fast track in a final time of 1:51.87.  The Maryland Jockey Club reported a Black-Eyed Susan Stakes Day record attendance of 50,339. The attendance at Pimlico Race Course that day was a record crowd for Black-Eyed Susan Stakes Day and the sixth largest for a thoroughbred race in North America in 2017.

Pimlico Race Course
Pimlico Race Course is a thoroughbred horse racetrack in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is most famous for hosting the Preakness Stakes, the second leg of the Triple Crown. Its name is derived from the 1660s when English settlers named the area where the facility currently stands in honor of Olde Ben Pimlico's Tavern in London. The racetrack is nicknamed "Old Hilltop" after a small rise in the infield that became a favorite gathering place for thoroughbred trainers and race enthusiasts.

Pimlico was owned by the Stronach Group from 2011 until 2024, when ownership transferred to the state-run Maryland Thoroughbred Racetrack Operating Authority (MTROA). Pimlico closed for renovations in September 2024, with all of Pimlico's racing dates except for the 2025 Preakness Stakes transferred to Laurel Park until the project is completed.
ContentBox Modular CMS
Free and open-source software portal

ContentBox Modular CMS is an open-source content management system for CFML, created by Ortus Solutions, Corp. ContentBox has been designed as a modular HMVC software based on Hibernate ORM and the ColdBox Platform.

ContentBox Modular CMS is dual-licensed as  Apache v2 or a commercial license.

Hibernate (framework)
Hibernate ORM (or simply Hibernate) is an object–relational mapping: §1.2.2, [12]  tool for the Java programming language. It provides a framework for mapping an object-oriented domain model to a relational database. Hibernate handles object–relational impedance mismatch problems by replacing direct, persistent database accesses with high-level object handling functions.

Hibernate is free software that is distributed under the Apache License. Versions prior to 7.0.0.Beta4 were distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License 2.1.

Hibernate's primary feature is mapping from Java classes to database tables, and mapping from Java data types to SQL data types. Hibernate also provides data query and retrieval facilities. It generates SQL calls and relieves the developer from the manual handling and object conversion of the result set.
Wave tank
A wave tank is a laboratory setup for observing the behavior of surface waves. The typical wave tank is a box filled with liquid, usually water, leaving open or air-filled space on top. At one end of the tank, an actuator generates waves; the other end usually has a wave-absorbing surface. A similar device is the ripple tank, which is flat and shallow and used for observing patterns of surface waves from above.

Surface wave
In physics, a surface wave is a mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media.  A common example is gravity waves along the surface of liquids, such as ocean waves.  Gravity waves can also occur within liquids, at the interface between two fluids with different densities.  Elastic surface waves can travel along the surface of solids, such as Rayleigh or Love waves.  Electromagnetic waves can also propagate as "surface waves" in that they can be guided along with a refractive index gradient or along an interface between two media having different dielectric constants. In radio transmission, a ground wave is a guided wave that propagates close to the surface of the Earth.
Outline of social science
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to social science:

Social science – main branch of science comprising scientific fields concerned with societies, human behaviour, and social relationships.

Political geography
Political geography is concerned with the study of both the spatially uneven outcomes of political processes and the ways in which political processes are themselves affected by spatial structures. Conventionally, for the purposes of analysis, political geography adopts a three-scale structure with the study of the state at the centre, the study of international relations (or geopolitics) above it, and the study of localities below it. The primary concerns of the subdiscipline can be summarized as the inter-relationships between people, state, and territory.
Makorongoni
Makorongoni is an administrative ward in the Iringa Urban district of the Iringa Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 8,151 people in the ward, from 7,790 in 2012.: 89 : 107

Iringa Region
Iringa Region (Mkoa wa Iringa in Swahili)  is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The region covers an area of 35,503 km2 (13,708 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Guinea Bissau. Iringa Region is bordered to the east by Morogoro Region and south by Njombe Region. On the west the region is bordered by Mbeya Region. Dodoma Region and Singida Region border Iringa on the north. The regional capital is the city Iringa for which the city is named after. According to the 2022 census, the region has a total population of 1,192,728. Iringa Region is home to Ruaha National Park, Tanzania's second national largest park.
Soviet Space Dogs (book)
Soviet Space Dogs is a book written by Olesya Turkina about the dogs involved in the Soviet space program, from Laika and beyond—the Soviet space dogs. Turkina describes the lives of the once-homeless dogs that were involved in the Soviet space program, and the intense secrecy surrounding the work that would end up getting them into orbit, propelling the names Belka and Strelka into stardom. She describes the dogs as "the martyrs and saints of communism", and chronicles their impact on Soviet life as purported "pioneers for humankind".

The book saw positive reception from The Guardian, Wired, the Los Angeles Review of Books, and the Canine Chronicle, with reviewers noting the work's depth of imagery and use of now-declassified information to give humanity to those involved in the program.

Los Angeles Review of Books
The Los Angeles Review of Books (LARB) is a literary review magazine covering the national and international book scenes. A preview version launched on Tumblr in April 2011, and the official website followed one year later in April 2012. A print edition premiered in May 2013.

Founded by Tom Lutz, Chair of the Creative Writing Department at the University of California, Riverside, the Review seeks to redress the decline in Sunday book supplements by creating an online “encyclopedia of contemporary literary discussion.”
Sutingphaa
Sutingphaa (1644–1648) was a king of the Ahom kingdom.  He was sickly and had scoliosis, and thus was also known as noriya roja and kekura roja.  He was often unable to attend to public duties and had to be carried in a palanquin.

Ahom dynasty
Ahom dynasty (1228–1826 A.D.) and (1833–1838 A.D.) ruled the Ahom Kingdom in present-day Assam, India for nearly 600 years. The dynasty was established by Sukaphaa, a Shan prince of Mong Mao (present-day Shan State, Myanmar) who came to Assam after crossing the Patkai mountains. The rule of this dynasty ended with the Burmese invasion of Assam and the subsequent annexation by the British East India Company following the Treaty of Yandabo in 1826.

In external medieval chronicles the kings of this dynasty were called Asam Raja, whereas the subjects of the kingdom called them Chaopha, or Swargadeo (in Assamese).
Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2012
The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show is an annual fashion show sponsored by Victoria's Secret, an American premium brand of lingerie and sleepwear. Victoria's Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings. The show features some of the world's leading fashion models, such as current Victoria's Secret Angels Adriana Lima, Alessandra Ambrosio, Miranda Kerr, Doutzen Kroes, Behati Prinsloo, Candice Swanepoel, Erin Heatherton, Lily Aldridge, and Lindsay Ellingson.

The show featured performances by Rihanna, Bruno Mars, and Justin Bieber.

Miranda Kerr
Miranda May Kerr (/kɜːr/; born 20 April 1983) is an Australian model. She rose to prominence in 2007 as one of the Victoria's Secret Angels. Kerr was the first Australian Victoria's Secret model and also represented the Australian department store chain David Jones. She has launched her own brand of organic skincare products, KORA Organics, and has written a self-help book.

Kerr began modelling in the fashion industry when she was 13, winning the 1997 Dolly magazine model search competition. Since 2008, she has consistently ranked on the Forbes list of highest earning models. She was previously married to English actor Orlando Bloom, with whom she had her first son. Since 2017, she has been married to Snapchat CEO Evan Spiegel, with whom she has three children.
Charlie Munger
Charles Thomas Munger (January 1, 1924 – November 28, 2023) was an American businessman, investor, attorney and philanthropist. He was the vice chairman of Berkshire Hathaway, the conglomerate controlled by Warren Buffett, from 1978 until his death in 2023. Buffett described Munger as his closest partner and right-hand man, and credited him with being the "architect" of modern Berkshire Hathaway's business philosophy.

In addition to his role at Berkshire Hathaway, Munger was a founding partner of the California law firm of Munger, Tolles & Olson; chairman of Wesco Financial Corporation from 1984 through 2011; chairman of the Daily Journal Corporation, based in Los Angeles, California; and a director of Costco Wholesale Corporation.

Single-payer healthcare
Single-payer healthcare is a type of universal healthcare, in which the costs of essential healthcare for all residents are covered by a single public system (hence "single-payer"). Single-payer systems may contract for healthcare services from private organizations (as is the case in Canada) or may own and employ healthcare resources and personnel (as is the case in the United Kingdom). "Single-payer" describes the mechanism by which healthcare is paid for by a single public authority, not a private authority, nor a mix of both.
2011 English Greyhound Derby
The 2011 William Hill Greyhound Derby took place during May and June with the final being held on 11 June 2011 at Wimbledon Stadium.

Trainer Charlie Lister won greyhound racing's premier event for a sixth time (a new record), one better than the five wins by Leslie Reynolds many years previous. Taylors Sky won the first prize of £75,000 and broke the track record in the final.

Charlie Lister
Charles Richard Lister OBE (born 1940) is a former English greyhound trainer. He is a four times winner of the Greyhound Trainer of the Year and is regarded as one of the leading trainers of all time. He also holds the record for English Greyhound Derby wins with seven.
Église protestante de Balbronn
Église protestante de Balbronn is a Lutheran church (EPCAAL) in Balbronn, Bas-Rhin, Alsace, France. Originally dated to the 12th century, it became a registered Monument historique in 1990.
It contains the prosthetic hand and arm of Knight Hans von Mittelhausen.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
1994 Clare Senior Hurling Championship
The 1994 Clare Senior Hurling Championship was the 99th staging of the Clare Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Clare County Board in 1887.

Sixmilebridge entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Clarecastle in a quarter-final replay.

The final was played on 1 October 1994 at Cusack Park in Ennis, between Clarecastle and St Joseph's Doora-Barefield, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Clarecastle won the match by 1–08 to 0–08 to claim their eighth championship title overall and a first chamionship title in three years.

St. Joseph's, Doora-Barefield GAA
St Joseph's, Doora-Barefield is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in the parish of Doora-Barefield outside Ennis, County Clare, Ireland. Hurling was the more popular sport in Doora-Barefield over Gaelic football, now it's 50-50 between the both of them. Their main playing fields are in Gurteen. They have three full-size hurling and football pitches. There is also changing and showering facilities there.
Uli Waas
Uli Waas (born 1949, in Donauwörth) is a German writer and illustrator. She has illustrated several school and children's books.

She studied Graphic design and Fine Arts at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich.

Academy of Fine Arts, Munich
The Academy of Fine Arts, Munich (German: Akademie der Bildenden Künste München, also known as Munich Academy) is one of the oldest and most significant art academies in Germany. It is located in the Maxvorstadt district of Munich, in Bavaria, Germany.

In the second half of the 19th century, the academy became one of the most important institutions in Europe for training artists and attracted students from across Europe and the United States.
Berlin-Schönholz station
Berlin-Schönholz railway station (German: Bahnhof Berlin-Schönholz) is a railway station in Berlin, Germany. It is located on the Berlin Northern Railway (Berliner Nordbahn) line in the district of Reinickendorf, though it is named after the adjacent Schönholz quarter of the neighbouring Pankow district. From here, the Kremmen Railway branch line leads to Hennigsdorf and Kremmen. The station is served by S-Bahn trains and local bus lines, and is protected as a listed monument.

Bus transport in Berlin
Bus transport is the oldest public transport service in Berlin, the capital city of Germany, having been introduced in 1846. Since 1929, services have been operated by the Berlin Transport Company (German: Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe, BVG), although during the Cold War-era division of the city they operated in West Berlin only. In East Berlin the public transport agency split off from the BVG and rebranded as BVB, operating the buses in the Soviet sector of Berlin.

Currently, the BVG's fleet consists of 1,550 vehicles, which cover 300,000 kilometres per day.

As have many transit operators around the world, the BVG has set a goal to have their entire fleet running without emissions until 2030. For this reason the number of battery electric buses in Berlin is steadily rising.
Shikhandi Kotha
Shikhandi Kotha (Bengali: শিখন্ডী কথা) is a 2013 Bangladeshi drama film directed by Mohammad Hannan and written by Anan Zaman. The film was produced by Impress Telefilm Limited and is based on the life of the third gender.

Impress Telefilm
Impress Telefilm Limited is a media production house in Bangladesh, formed in 2003. The company produces film, drama, and drama serials, music videos, variety shows, magazine programmes, musical programmes, and documentaries as well as TV commercials. It was founded by Faridur Reza Sagar.

From Bangladesh, 9 different films of Impress Telefilm has got Bangladeshi submissions for the Oscar for Foreign Language Film Competition 9 times.
A Reverie for Mister Ray
A Reverie for Mister Ray: Reflections on Life, Death, and Speculative Fiction is a collection of nonfiction work by American writer Michael Bishop published in 2005 by PS Publishing. It includes essays and reviews from 1975 to 2004, originally published in a wide variety of newspapers, magazines, literary journals, and fanzines. Most of the pieces concern the speculative fiction genre.  The book was edited by Michael H. Hutchins.

Gardner Dozois
Gardner Raymond Dozois ( /doʊˈzwɑː/ doh-ZWAH; July 23, 1947 – May 27, 2018) was an American science fiction author and editor. He was the founding editor of The Year's Best Science Fiction anthologies (1984–2018) and was editor of Asimov's Science Fiction (1986–2004), garnering multiple Hugo and Locus Awards for those works almost every year. He also won the Nebula Award for Best Short Story twice. He was inducted to the Science Fiction Hall of Fame on June 25, 2011.
Pit school
A pit school was a covert school for African American children from the time when they were prevented from receiving an education due to repression and lack of freedom of assembly.

These schools were held at night. A pit would be dug and covered over.

A pit school is referred to in the book Nightjohn by Gary Paulsen.

Gary Paulsen
Gary James Paulsen (May 17, 1939 – October 13, 2021) was an American writer of children's and young adult fiction, best known for coming-of-age stories about the wilderness. He was the author of more than 200 books and wrote more than 200 magazine articles and short stories, and several plays, all primarily for teenagers. He won the Margaret Edwards Award from the American Library Association in 1997 for his lifetime contribution in writing for teens.
Daniel Shurben
Daniel Graeme Shurben (born 10 November 1983) is an English cricketer.  Shurben is a left-handed batsman.  He was born in Sunderland, County Durham.

Shurben made his debut for Northumberland in the 2004 Minor Counties Championship against Suffolk.  Shurben has played Minor counties cricket for Northumberland from 2004 to present, which has included 21 Minor Counties Championship matches and 23 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his only List A appearance against Middlesex in the 2005 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. In this match he scored 37 runs before being dismissed by Jamie Dalrymple.

He also played Second XI cricket for the Durham Second XI.

Northumberland County Cricket Club
Northumberland County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England, and Wales. It represents the historic county of Northumberland.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Northumberland played List A matches occasionally from 1971 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Osborne Avenue, Jesmond and also plays matches around the county at Benwell Park and at the South Northumberland CC ground at Gosforth.
Yellow Fin (film)
Yellow Fin is a 1951 American action film directed by Frank McDonald and starring Wayne Morris, Lorna Gray and Gloria Henry.

The film's sets were designed by Monogram Pictures's resident art director Dave Milton. Location shooting took place around the port area of Los Angeles including at Terminal Island.

Frank McDonald (director)
Frank Burgess McDonald (November 9, 1899 – March 8, 1980) was an American film and television director, active from 1935 to 1966. He directed more than 100 films, including many Westerns starring Gene Autry and Roy Rogers, and numerous TV show episodes. He is interred at Conejo Mountain Memorial Park in Camarillo, California.

McDonald was born in Baltimore, Maryland, the son of Samuel and Florence McDonald. His father was an employee of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Participation in amateur theatrical productions sparked an interest in performing, causing him to leave Baltimore City College to pursue a career in entertainment.

McDonald's professional performing debut came in a vaudeville act in which he played a burglar. He also acted on Broadway, in Puppets (1925), The K Guy (1928), Just to Remind You (1931), and Bulls, Bears and Asses (1932).

McDonald married actress and musician Goodee Montgomery in 1934. She died in 1978. He died in Oxnard, California.