hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Apurimacia
Apurimacia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It includes two species native to South America. The species Apurimacia dolichocarpa is a shrub endemic to the Sierras de Córdoba in Argentina. The species Apurimacia boliviana is a tree native to Peru and Bolivia. It is used as an insecticide in Peru.

Sierras de Córdoba
The Sierras de Córdoba is a mountain range in central Argentina, located between the Pampas to the east and south and the Chaco to the north and east. Most of the range is located in Córdoba Province, except for the southwestern margin which is in San Luis Province.

The Sierras de Córdoba are part of the Sierras Pampeanas, a group of mountain ranges which extend north and south on the eastern side of the Andes. The Sierras de Córdoba are covered in dry forests, grasslands, woodlands, and shrublands, and are home to rare and endemic species of plants and animals.

Parts of the Sierras have long been used for extensive cattle grazing, which has transformed the mountains' ecology. Other economic activities include tourism and winegrowing.
JADES-GS-z14-0
JADES-GS-z14-0 is a high-redshift Lyman-Break galaxy in the constellation Fornax that was discovered in 2024 using NIRCam as part of the James Webb Space Telescope Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey  (JADES) program. It has a redshift of about 14.18, making it one of the most distant galaxies and astronomical objects ever discovered. According to current theory, this redshift corresponds to a time about 13.5 billion years ago, approximately 300 million years after the Big Bang, or about 2% of its  current age.

Age of the universe
In Big Bang models of physical cosmology, the age of the universe is the cosmological time back to the point when the scale factor of the universe extrapolates to zero. Modern models calculate the age now as 13.863 billion years. Astronomers have two different approaches to determine the age of the universe. One is based on a particle physics model of the early universe called Lambda-CDM, matched to measurements of the distant, and thus old features, like the cosmic microwave background. The other is based on the distance and relative velocity of a series or "ladder" of different kinds of stars, making it depend on local measurements late in the history of the universe. 
These two methods give slightly different values for the Hubble constant, which is then used in a formula to calculate the age. The range of the estimate is also within the range of the estimate for the oldest observed star in the universe.
Archibald Butt
Archibald Willingham DeGraffenreid Clarendon Butt (September 26, 1865 – April 15, 1912) was an American Army officer and aide to presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft. After a few years as a newspaper reporter, he served two years as the First Secretary of the American embassy in Mexico. He was commissioned in the United States Volunteers in 1898 and served in the Quartermaster Corps during the Spanish–American War. After brief postings in Washington, D.C., and Cuba, Butt was appointed military aide to Republican presidents Roosevelt and Taft. He was a highly influential advisor on a wide range of topics to both men, and his writings are a major source of historical information on the presidencies. He died in the sinking of the British liner Titanic in 1912.

United States Army Quartermaster Corps
The United States Army Quartermaster Corps, formerly the Quartermaster Department, is a sustainment and former combat service support (CSS) branch of the United States Army. It is also one of three U.S. Army logistics branches, the others being the Transportation Corps and the Ordnance Corps.

The U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps mission is to support the development, production, acquisition, and sustainment of general supply, Mortuary Affairs, subsistence, petroleum and water, and material and distribution management during peace and war to provide combat power to the U.S. Army. The officer in charge of the branch for doctrine, training, and professional development purposes is the Quartermaster General. The current Quartermaster General is Colonel Kevin W. Agness.
Vujošević
Vujošević or Vujosevic is a Serbian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bogić Vujošević (born 1992) Serbian–Austrian basketball player

Duško Vujošević (born 1959), Serbian basketball coach

Smilja Vujosevic (1935–2016), Canadian chess master

Suzana Vujošević (born 1990), Serbian–Montenegrin footballer

Duško Vujošević
Duško Vujošević (Serbian Cyrillic: Душко Вујошевић; born 3 March 1959) is a Montenegrin former basketball coach. He is currently active as coach consultant of the Montenegrin ABA League club Studentski centar since 2022.

Vujošević served as the head coach of Partizan Belgrade in four stints during which he led the club to record 12 national championship titles, 5 national cup titles and record five regional Adriatic League titles and the FIBA Korać Cup championship in 1989, being most successful coach in club's history with total of 23 trophies. In 2009, leading Partizan Vujošević won the EuroLeague Coach of the Year award.

His national basketball association is the Basketball Association of Serbia, as he only holds the nationality (citizenship) of the Republic of Serbia. He is a Serbian citizen of Montenegrin descent.
Modal algebra
In algebra and logic, a modal algebra is a structure  such that

is a Boolean algebra,

is a unary operation on A satisfying  and  for all x, y in A.

Modal algebras provide models of propositional modal logics in the same way as Boolean algebras are models of classical logic. In particular, the variety of all modal algebras is the equivalent algebraic semantics of the modal logic K in the sense of abstract algebraic logic, and the lattice of its subvarieties is dually isomorphic to the lattice of normal modal logics.

Stone's representation theorem can be generalized to the Jónsson–Tarski duality, which ensures that each modal algebra can be represented as the algebra of admissible sets in a modal general frame.

A Magari algebra (or diagonalizable algebra) is a modal algebra satisfying . Magari algebras correspond to provability logic and are named after Roberto Magari.

Variety (universal algebra)
In universal algebra, a variety of algebras or equational class is the class of all algebraic structures of a given signature satisfying a given set of identities. For example, the groups form a variety of algebras, as do the abelian groups, the rings, the monoids etc. According to Birkhoff's theorem, a class of algebraic structures of the same signature is a variety if and only if it is closed under the taking of homomorphic images, subalgebras, and (direct) products. In the context of category theory, a variety of algebras, together with its homomorphisms, forms a category; these are usually called finitary algebraic categories.

A covariety is the class of all coalgebraic structures of a given signature.
Andreasyan
Andreasyan (Armenian: Անդրեասյան) is an Armenian surname derived from the given name Andreas, equivalent to English Anderson. Notable people with the surname include:

Arkady Andreasyan (1947–2020), Soviet-Armenian football player

Karen Andreasyan (born 1977), Armenian lawyer and minister

Sarik Andreasyan (born 1984), Russian-Armenian film director

Zhanna Andreasyan (born 1981), Minister of Education, Science, Culture and Sport

Sarik Andreasyan
Sarik Garnikovich Andreasyan (Russian: Сарик Гарникович Андреасян; Armenian: Սարիկ Գառնիկի Անդրեասյան) is a Russian Armenian director, producer, and screenwriter who has worked on films and commercials. He is the founder of Enjoy Movies. In May 2017, Andreasyan left Enjoy Movies studio to start another studio, Bolshoe Kino (Big Movies in Russian).

His early movies were mostly low-budget comedies. However, since 2015, Sarik began to move towards science fiction, action and dramas.
Bob Steele filmography
American actor Bob Steele (born Robert Adrian Bradbury. January 23, 1907 – December 21, 1988), and his twin brother Bill were the sons of film director Robert N. Bradbury. The twins began their acting career in the silent film The Adventures of Bill and Bob, directed by their father, and continued in a series of Bradbury Sr.'s film shorts.  Bill later pursued a career in medicine. Bob continued to act under the name Robert Bradbury Jr. until he appeared in The Mojave Kid, when he was billed as Bob Steele. During his career of more than 400 films and television shows between 1920 and 1974, he was known primarily for his work in Westerns.  Steele appeared as the recurring character of Tucson Smith in 20 of the Three Mesquiteers serials produced by Republic Pictures. He became familiar to America's television audiences for his recurring role as Trooper Duffy in the comedy series F Troop.

Robert North Bradbury
Robert North Bradbury (March 23, 1886 – November 24, 1949) (born Ronald E. Bradbury, also billed as  R.N. Bradbury or Robert Bradbury) was an American film actor, director, and screenwriter. He directed more than 125 movies between 1918 and 1941. He was considered one of the best directors of Westerns during the 1930s.

Bradbury is known for directing early Poverty Row Westerns starring John Wayne in the 1930s.  He is the father of noted cowboy actor Bob Steele.

Bradbury was born in Walla Walla, Washington, on March 23, 1886, and died in Glendale, California, on November 24, 1949, at age 63. With Nieta Quinn Bradbury, he had three children, Robert Bradbury Jr. (Bob Steele), Bill Bradbury, and Jim Bradbury.
Qawm Tubba'
The People of Tubba' (Arabic: قوم تبع, Qawm Tubba) are a group of people mentioned in the Qur'an. They are only mentioned twice; first in the chapter Ad-Dukhan and next in Qaf. They are citizens of pre-Islamic Yemen, whom were given divine punishments for their misdeeds and rejection of the divine messengers sent by God.

Qaf (surah)
Qaf (Arabic: ق,  the letter  qāf), is the 50th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 45 verses (āyāt). The name is taken from the single discrete Quranic "mysterious letter" qāf that opens the chapter. It is the beginning of the Hizb al-Mufassal, the seventh and the last portion (manzil). Concepts which "Qaf" deals with  the Resurrection and the Day of Judgement.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the  believed revelation  (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is a "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, rather than later in Medina.
Uttar Pradesh Information Commission
Uttar Pradesh Information Commission is an autonomous and statutory body constituted as per The Right to Information Act, 2005 by the state government of Uttar Pradesh through a notification in official Gazette. The commission will have one State Chief Information Commissioner (CIC) and not more than 10 State Information Commissioners (IC) to be appointed by the Governor on the recommendation of the committee consisting of the Chief Minister as Chairperson, the Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Assembly and a state Cabinet Minister nominated by the Chief Minister.

Autonomy
In developmental psychology and moral, political,  bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be defined from a human resources perspective, where it denotes a (relatively high) level of discretion granted to an employee in their work. In such cases, autonomy is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized individuals are thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical context, respect for a patient's personal autonomy is considered one of many fundamental ethical principles in medicine.
St. John's Preparatory School (Harare)
St. John's Preparatory School is an independent, preparatory day school for boys aged 5 to 12 in Borrowdale, Harare, Zimbabwe. The school is owned and governed by the St. John's Educational Trust, as is St. John's College.

St. John's Preparatory School is a member of the Association of Trust Schools (ATS) and the Headmaster is a member of the Conference of Heads of Independent Schools in Zimbabwe (CHISZ).

Preparatory school (United Kingdom)
A preparatory school (or, shortened: prep school) in the United Kingdom is a fee-charging private primary school that caters for children up to approximately the age of 13.  The term "preparatory school" is used as it prepares the children for the Common Entrance Examination in order to secure a place at an independent secondary school, typically one of the English public schools.  They are also preferred by some parents in the hope of getting their child into a state selective grammar school. Most prep schools are inspected by the Independent Schools Inspectorate, which is overseen by Ofsted on behalf of the Department for Education.
La Modelo (Ozuna song)
"La Modelo" ("The Model") is a song by Ozuna and Cardi B. It was released by VP Records on December 22, 2017. The track was written by Ozuna, Cardi B, José Aponte, Vincente Saavedra and its producers Yampi, Hi Flow, Gaby Music and Chris Jedi. It is the first single from Ozuna's second album Aura, released in August 2018.

VP Records
VP Records is an independent record label in Queens, New York specialized in Caribbean music. The label is known for releasing music by notable artists in reggae, dancehall and soca. VP Records has offices in New York City, Miami, London, Kingston, Tokyo, Johannesburg, Rio de Janeiro and Toronto. Additionally, the label has established a presence in Australia and New Zealand.
Aliyu Modibbo Umar
Aliyu Modibbo Umar (born 15 November 1958) is a Nigerian technocrat who currently serves as the Special Adviser on General Duties to the Vice President of Nigeria, Kashim Shettima. He previously served as the federal Minister of State for Power and Steel from December 2002 to May 2003, Minister of Commerce from July 2006 to July 2007, then Minister for the FCT (Federal Capital Territory, Abuja), a post he held until October 2008.

Kashim Shettima
Kashim Shettima Mustapha GCON (born 2 September 1966) is a Nigerian politician who is the 15th and current vice president of Nigeria. He previously served as senator for Borno Central from 2019 to 2023, and as the governor of Borno State from 2011 to 2019.

Born in Maiduguri in 1966, Shettima pursued higher education at the University of Maiduguri and the University of Ibadan. After completing his studies, he was in academia before joining banking, eventually ascending to hold several prominent executive positions within banks. By the mid-2000s, Shettima had become the manager of Zenith Bank’s Maiduguri branch before resigning from his position to join the state cabinet of Governor Ali Modu Sheriff in 2007. After serving four years in the cabinet, he was elected governor in 2011 and re-elected by a significantly larger margin in 2015. His tenure as governor was characterized by the ongoing Boko Haram insurgency. Shettima left office in 2019 and subsequently became a senator.
Nardoo Hills Reserves
The Nardoo Hills Reserves (including the Judith Eardley Reserve) comprise two adjoining parcels of land, with a combined area of 5.9 km2, as a nature reserve in north-central Victoria, Australia.  They are located 12 km north of Wedderburn, 100 km north-west of Bendigo and 240 km north-west of Melbourne.  They are owned and managed by Bush Heritage Australia (BHA), by which they were purchased in 2005 and 2006.  With the nearby Wychitella Nature Conservation Reserve, they protect remnant grassy woodlands, a habitat much cleared in the past.  A threatened bird species found on the reserves is the Hooded Robin  In 2007 an endangered plant, the Northern Golden Moth Orchid was found on the reserve. In 2009 a species of orchid thought to be extinct, the Robust Greenhood, was rediscovered there.

Hooded robin
The hooded robin (Melanodryas cucullata) is a small passerine bird native to Australia. Like many brightly coloured robins of the Petroicidae, it is sexually dimorphic; the male bears a distinctive black-and-white plumage, while the female is a nondescript grey-brown.
Pawai Assembly constituency
Pawai Assembly constituency is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency came into existence in 1951 as one of the 48 Vidhan Sabha constituencies of the erstwhile Vindhya Pradesh state.

Vindhya Pradesh
Vindhya Pradesh was a former state of India. It was created in 1948 as Union of Baghelkhand and Bundelkhand States from the territories of the princely states in the eastern portion of the former Central India Agency. It was named as Vindhya Pradesh on 25 January 1950 after the Vindhya Range, which runs through the centre of the province. The capital of the state was the former princely state of Rewa. It lay between Uttar Pradesh to the north and Madhya Pradesh to the south, and the enclave of Datia, which lay a short distance to the west, was surrounded by the state of Madhya Bharat.

Vindhya Pradesh was merged into Madhya Pradesh in 1956, following the States Reorganisation Act.

It occupied an area of 61,131.5 km2 (23,603 sq. miles).
Argo (1853 ship)
Argo was an iron screw steamer launched in 1853. She was the first screw steamship to circumnavigate the Earth. (The paddle steamer HMS Driver completed the first steam circumnavigation in 1847.) She was also a Troopship during the tail end of the Crimean War.

Circumnavigation
Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body (e.g. a planet or moon). This article focuses on the circumnavigation of Earth.

The first circumnavigation of the Earth was the Magellan Expedition, which sailed from Sanlucar de Barrameda, Spain in 1519 and returned in 1522, after crossing the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. Since the rise of commercial aviation in the mid 20th century, circumnavigating Earth is straightforward, usually taking days instead of years. Today, the challenge of circumnavigating Earth has shifted towards human and technological endurance, speed, and less conventional methods.
2015 IIHF World U18 Championship Division II
The 2015 IIHF U18 World Championship Division II was two international under-18 ice hockey tournaments organised by the International Ice Hockey Federation. The Division II A and Division II B tournaments represent the fourth and the fifth tier of the IIHF World U18 Championship.

IIHF World U18 Championship
The IIHF U18 World Championship is an annual event organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation for national under-18 ice hockey teams from around the world. The tournament is usually played in April and is organized according to a system similar to the Ice Hockey World Championships and the IIHF World Junior Championship. The tournament was first held in 1999.
900 Rosalinde
900 Rosalinde (prov. designation: A918 PJ or 1918 EC) is an elongated background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, that has a mean diameter of approximately 19 kilometers (12 miles). It was discovered on 10 August 1918, by astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The lengthy S/D-type asteroid has a rotation period of 16.6 hours. It was likely named after "Rosalinde", a character in the operetta Die Fledermaus by Johann Strauss II.

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.
Misses Kisses
Misses Kisses is an American lingerie retailer known for its creation and marketing of a “Frontless Backless Strapless Bra.” Founded in 2016 by Amanda Marie, Misses Kisses is a female-owned and operated business operating out of California and through its website. Misses Kisses is the owner of U.S. Patent No. 10,058,132 (the “’132 Patent”), entitled “Cleavage Enhancing Undergarment System. The Misses Kisses bra is not a traditional bra but nonetheless serves the same function.

Lingerie
Lingerie (UK: /ˈlæ̃ʒəri, ˈlɒn-/, US: /ˌlɒnʒəˈreɪ, ˌlænʒəˈriː/, French: [lɛ̃ʒʁi] ⓘ) is a category of primarily women's clothing including undergarments (mainly brassieres), sleepwear, and lightweight robes. The choice of the word is often motivated by an intention to imply that the garments are alluring, fashionable, or both. In a 2015 US survey, 75% of women reported having worn "sexy lingerie" in their lifetime.

Lingerie is made of lightweight, stretchy, smooth, sheer or decorative fabrics such as silk, satin, Lycra, charmeuse, chiffon, or (especially and traditionally) lace. These fabrics can be made of various natural fibres like silk, cotton or of various synthetic fibres such as polyester or nylon.
Giulio Cesare Procaccini
Giulio Cesare Procaccini (30 May 1574 – 14 November 1625) was an Italian painter and sculptor of the early Baroque era in Milan. He worked with Giovanni Battista Crespi (Il Cerano) and Pier Francesco Mazzucchelli (Il Morazzone)  following the directions of Cardinal Federico Borromeo, patron of the arts and cousin of Charles Borromeo.

Art collection of Fondazione Cariplo
The art collections of Fondazione Cariplo are a gallery of artworks with a significant historical and artistic value owned by Fondazione Cariplo in Italy. It consists of 767 paintings, 116 sculptures, 51 objects and furnishings dating from the first century AD to the second half of the twentieth.

The collection includes examples of Late Antiquity stone sculpture, of Mediaeval wooden sculpture, and of Italian Renaissance and Baroque painting; its strength is in its collection of nineteenth-century Italian paintings, particularly from Lombardy.
This Is Christmas (film)
This Is Christmas (also known as This Christmas) is a 2022 British Christmas romantic comedy film directed by Chris Foggin and written by Alastair Galbraith. The film stars an ensemble cast including Alfred Enoch, Kaya Scodelario, Nadia Parkes, Timothy Spall, Ben Miller, Sarah Niles, Jeremy Irvine, Alexandra Roach and Joanna Scanlan.

Joanna Scanlan
Joanna Marion Scanlan (born 27 October 1961) is a British actress and writer. On television, she is known for her roles in The Thick of It (2005–2012), Big School (2013–2014), Puppy Love (2014), No Offence (2015–2018), Requiem (2018), and The Larkins (2021). 
Riot Women 2024. She was nominated for three BAFTA TV Awards for Getting On (2009–2012), including two for Best Writing.

Scanlan's film appearances include Girl with a Pearl Earring (2003), Notes on a Scandal (2006), The Invisible Woman (2013), and Bridget Jones's Baby (2016). She won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her performance in the 2020 film After Love, and was the first person since 2003 to win the award without being nominated for the corresponding Oscar.