hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Induction coil
An induction coil or "spark coil" (archaically known as an inductorium or Ruhmkorff coil after Heinrich Rühmkorff) is a type of transformer used to produce high-voltage pulses from a low-voltage direct current (DC) supply.  To create the flux changes necessary to induce voltage in the secondary coil, the direct current in the primary coil is repeatedly interrupted by a vibrating mechanical contact called an interrupter.  Invented in 1836 by the Irish-Catholic priest Nicholas Callan, also independently by American inventor Charles Grafton Page, the induction coil was the first type of transformer.  It was widely used in x-ray machines, spark-gap radio transmitters, arc lighting and quack medical electrotherapy devices from the 1880s to the 1920s.  Today its only common use is as the ignition coils in internal combustion engines and in physics education to demonstrate induction.

Electrotherapy
Electrotherapy is the use of electrical energy as a medical treatment. In medicine, the term electrotherapy can apply to a variety of treatments, including the use of electrical devices such as deep brain stimulators for neurological disease. Electrotherapy is a part of neurotherapy aimed at changing the neuronal activity. The term has also been applied specifically to the use of electric current to speed up wound healing. The use of electromagnetic stimulation or EMS is also very wide for dealing with muscular pain. Additionally, the term "electrotherapy" or "electromagnetic therapy" has also been applied to a range of alternative medical devices and treatments. Evidence supporting the effectiveness of electrotherapy is limited (see section Medical uses below).
Salwarpe
Salwarpe is a small village and civil parish in the Wychavon district of Worcestershire, England, less than two miles south west of Droitwich, but in open country. The name is also spelled Salwarp, and in the time of John Leland was recorded as Salop. Since 2003, Salwarpe has shared a parish council with Hindlip and Martin Hussingtree.

Wychavon
Wychavon (/ˈwɪtʃ.eɪvən/) is a local government district in Worcestershire, England. The largest towns therein are Evesham and Droitwich Spa; the council is based in the town of Pershore. The district also includes numerous villages and surrounding rural areas, and includes part of the Cotswolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The district's name references the Saxon Kingdom of Hwicce and the River Avon. The population in 2024 was 138,017.

The neighbouring districts are Malvern Hills, Worcester, Wyre Forest, Bromsgrove, Redditch, Stratford-on-Avon, Cotswold, and Tewkesbury.
Panina
Panina is a subtribe of tribe Hominini; it comprises all descendants of the human-chimpanzee last common ancestor (LCA) that are not of the branch of human lineage—that is, all those ancestors of the type genus Pan (chimpanzees and bonobos). This split/divergence occurred around 8 to 6 million years ago (mya), which compares with a range of other estimates for this event—likely extended by periods of hybridization—of from 15 to 3 mya. Fossils from this subtribe are typically rare because they tend to live in environments with poor fossilization. Some of the earliest chimpanzee fossils are 500,000 years of age.

Subtribe
In a social context, a subtribe is a secondary division of a broader ethnic grouping or tribe, functioning as a distinct unit defined by specific kinship ties, geographic territory, or linguistic dialects. For example, the Kipsigis are a major sub-tribe that falls under the broader Kalenjin ethnic group of East Africa.

This term also serves as a formal taxonomic rank in biological science, where it is positioned directly below a tribe (biology) and above a genus. Following this hierarchy, the Hyptidinae is a botanical subtribe categorized under the tribe Ocimeae within the mint family. In both fields, the "tribe" acts as the parent category, while the "subtribe" identifies a specific branch within that larger lineage, with scientific names typically ending in -ina for animals (e.g., Hominina) and -inae for plants.
2020–21 W-League
The 2020–21 W-League season was the thirteenth season of the W-League, the Australian national women's association football competition. The season started on 29 December 2020 and ended with the Grand final on 11 April 2021.

Melbourne City FC (women)
Melbourne City Women's Football Club, also known as the Melbourne City Women or simply as City, represents Melbourne City in the A-League Women, the top division soccer league in Australia. Founded in 2015, the club has its training and administration based at the City Football Academy in Melbourne and plays matches at Casey Fields in Casey and at AAMI Park in Melbourne. The current manager of the team is Michael Matricciani.
Man in Business Suit Levitating emoji
Man in Business Suit Levitating (U+1F574 🕴 MAN IN BUSINESS SUIT LEVITATING) is an emoji depicting a man wearing a suit and fedora while levitating. Initially created as part of Webdings, the icon was made an emoji by the Unicode Consortium in 2014. The appearance of Man in Business Suit Levitating was originally based on the logo of 2 Tone Records; the logo was itself a depiction of reggae musician Peter Tosh.

Unicode Consortium
The Unicode Consortium (legally Unicode, Inc.) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization incorporated and based in Mountain View, California, U.S. Its primary purpose is to maintain and publish the Unicode Standard which was developed with the intention of replacing existing character encoding schemes that are limited in size and scope, and are incompatible with multilingual environments.

Unicode's success at unifying character sets has led to its widespread adoption in the internationalization and localization of software. The standard has been implemented in many technologies, including XML, the Java programming language, Swift, and modern operating systems.

Members are usually but not limited to computer software and hardware companies with an interest in text-processing standards, including Adobe, Apple, Meta, Google, Microsoft, and Salesforce. Technical decisions relating to the Unicode Standard are made by the Unicode Technical Committee (UTC).
Knesset Yisrael
Knesset Yisrael (Hebrew: כנסת ישראל, Ashkenazi pronunciation Knesses Yisroel, lit. "Community of Israel"), also known as Knesset, is the name of a group of three former courtyard neighborhoods in central Jerusalem. Known as Knesset Aleph, Knesset Bet, and Knesset Gimmel (or Old Knesset, Middle Knesset, and New Knesset), the housing project was planned by the Vaad HaKlali Knesset Yisrael (Central Committee of Knesset Yisrael) and funded by overseas Jewish donors. The houses were completed in stages from 1892 to 1926. Beneficiaries of the housing were poor Haredi Ashkenazi families and Torah scholars connected to the Central Committee kolel system. Today Knesset Yisrael is part of the Nachlaot neighborhood.

Halukka
The halukka, also spelled haluka, halukkah or chalukah (Hebrew: חלוקה, meaning distribution), was an organized collection and distribution of charity funds intended for Jewish residents of the Land of Israel (Eretz Yisrael or the Holy Land).
Oddvar Vormeland
Oddvar Vormeland (28 February 1924 – 30 August 2013) was a Norwegian educationalist and civil servant.

He was born in Hof i Solør as a son of folk high school manager Ola Vormeland and his wife Gyda, née Hval. In 1949 he married Sigrun Røed, who was also a daughter of a school manager. He took commerce school in 1942, the examen artium in 1943 and teachers' college in 1948.

He took the mag.art. degree (PhD equivalent) in 1951, and the dr.philos. degree in 1967. From 1959 to 1964 he worked as a lecturer at the University of Oslo; he then served as a school inspector, and was the school director of Oslo and Akershus from 1971 to 1984. He was then a deputy under-secretary of state in the Ministry of Education and Church Affairs from 1984 to 1989, and an assisting professor at the University of Oslo from 1990 to 1994. He has published several books.

He has resided in Bærum, later at Voksenåsen and Vinderen in Oslo. He died in August 2013.

Magister degree
A magister degree (also magistar, female form: magistra; from Latin: magister, "teacher") is an academic degree used in various systems of higher education.

The magister degree arose in medieval universities in Europe and was originally equal to the doctorate; while the doctorate was originally conferred in theology, law and medicine, the magister degree was usually conferred in the liberal arts, broadly known as "philosophy" in continental Europe, which encompassed all other academic subjects. In some countries, the title has retained this original meaning until the modern age, while in other countries, magister has become the title of a lower degree, in some cases parallel with a master's degree (whose name is cognate).
Tom Swift and His Wizard Camera
Children's literature portal

Novels portal

Tom Swift and His Wizard Camera, or, Thrilling Adventures While Taking Moving Pictures, is Volume 14 in the original Tom Swift novel series published by Grosset & Dunlap.

Grosset & Dunlap
Grosset & Dunlap is a New York City-based publishing house founded in 1898.

The company was purchased by G. P. Putnam's Sons in 1982 and today is part of Penguin Random House through its subsidiary Penguin Group.

In recent years, through the Penguin Group, they have published approximately 170 titles a year, including licensed children's books for such properties as Miss Spider, Strawberry Shortcake, Super Why!, Charlie and Lola, Nova the Robot, Weebles, Bratz, The Wiggles, Sonic X, and Atomic Betty. Grosset & Dunlap also publishes Dick and Jane children's books and, through Platt & Munk, The Little Engine That Could.
W.A.K.O. European Championships 1978
W.A.K.O. European Championships 1978 was the second European kickboxing championships hosted by the W.A.K.O. organization and organized by the pioneer of German karate Georg Brueckner.  The 1978 W.A.K.O. European championships were open to amateur men based in Europe only, with each country allowed more than one competitor in an individual weight category.  The event also heralded a new category, Semi-Contact, which was introduced to feature alongside the existing Full-Contact category.  At the championships end, West Germany was by far the most successful nation, with the previous year's top nation, the Netherlands, finishing way behind in second, and Italy came third - more details on the winners and medal tables can be found in the sections below.  The event was held in May 1978 in the border town of Wolfsburg, West Germany.

World Association of Kickboxing Organizations
The World Association of Kickboxing Organizations (W.A.K.O or WAKO) is an international kickboxing organization counting over 120 affiliated countries representing all five continents. WAKO is a major governing body of amateur kickboxing and is responsible for the development of kickboxing worldwide. The organization was officially recognized as an official kickboxing governing body by Sport Accord. WAKO is recognized by the Global Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF) and the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
Eastern Institute of Technology
The Eastern Institute of Technology (EIT) is a government owned tertiary education institution with three campuses: Hawke’s Bay, Auckland, and Gisborne, New Zealand. It is also referred to as EIT Hawke's Bay, EIT Tairāwhiti, and EIT Auckland.  EIT serves as the main regional higher education centre for the Hawke's Bay and Gisborne regions.

Moodle
Moodle (/ˈmuːdəl/ MOO-dəl) is a free and open-source learning management system written in PHP and distributed under the GNU General Public License. Moodle is used for blended learning, distance education, flipped classroom and other online learning projects in schools, universities, workplaces and other sectors.

Moodle is used to create custom websites with online courses and allows for community-sourced plugins.
Thomas Johnson (architect)
Thomas Johnson (c.1762–1814) was a British architect who designed the 1808 building for the Leeds Library in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.  He built William Hey's house at 1, Albion Place, Leeds, and Holy Trinity Church, Halifax. It is possible that he also worked on the redesign of the south west section of Temple Newsam House, near Leeds.

Colvin, who calls him a "competent classical architect", states that he was probably the son of the Leeds architect William Johnson (died 1795). He also suggests tentatively an identification with the Thomas Johnson admitted to the Royal Academy Schools in 1782, at age 20.

Temple Newsam
Temple Newsam (historically Temple Newsham), is a Tudor-Jacobean house in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, with grounds landscaped by Capability Brown. The house is a Grade I listed building, one of eight Leeds Museums and Galleries sites and part of the research group, Yorkshire Country House Partnership.

The estate lends its name to the Temple Newsam ward of Leeds City Council, in which it is situated, and lies to the east of the city, just south of Halton Moor, Halton, Whitkirk and Colton.
Erik Weispfennig
Erik Weispfennig (born 13 August 1969 in Iserlohn) is a German former track cyclist. He won the madison at the 2000 UCI Track Cycling World Championships with Stefan Steinweg.

After retiring, Weispfennig worked as a directeur sportif for Team Nutrixxion–Sparkasse from 2006 until 2010. In April 2019, he became the vice president of the German Cycling Federation.

Iserlohn
Iserlohn (German: [iːzɐˈloːn] ⓘ; Westphalian: Iserlaun) is a city in the Märkischer Kreis district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, in west-central Germany. It is the largest city by population and area within the district and the Sauerland region.
Caroline Kava
Caroline Kava (born September 25, 1949) is an American actress and playwright of the 1986 Off-Broadway play, The Early Girl.

She portrayed a prostitute in the 1980 film Heaven's Gate.  In  Year of the Dragon (1985), she portrayed the wife of Mickey Rourke's character.  In Little Nikita (1988), she portrayed the mother of the title character played by River Phoenix.  She also played the mother of Ron Kovic, portrayed by Tom Cruise, in Born on the Fourth of July (1989).  She has also appeared in television films such as Act of Vengeance (1986) and Guilty Until Proven Innocent (1991).  Kava also appeared with Alan Arkin in Four Days in September (1997).

In 1976, Kava appeared as Polly in Threepenny Opera for Joe Papp's New York Shakespeare Festival at the Vivian Beaumont Theater at Lincoln Center.

In 2009, Kava adapted Henrik Ibsen's Hedda Gabler for the Mauckingbird Theatre Company in Philadelphia.

Year of the Dragon (film)
Year of the Dragon is a 1985 American crime thriller film co-written and directed by Michael Cimino, and starring Mickey Rourke, John Lone, and Ariane Koizumi. The film follows tough New York City police captain Stanley White (Rourke) battling ruthless Chinese-American Triad boss Joey Tai (Lone). The screenplay, written by Cimino and Oliver Stone, is based on a 1981 novel of the same title by Robert Daley.

Cimino's first film after the box office failure of Heaven's Gate (1980), Year of the Dragon is a New York crime drama and an exploration of gangs, the illegal drug trade, ethnicity, racism, and stereotypes.

Released by MGM/UA Entertainment on August 16, 1985, the film received mixed reviews and did not perform well at the US box office, though it did receive two Golden Globe Award nominations: Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture for John Lone and Best Original Score for David Mansfield. It has gained a cult following in the years since its release.
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico was held on November 3, 2020, to elect the three U.S. representatives from the state of New Mexico, one from each of the state's three congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections.

From the election until Deb Haaland's resignation to become Secretary of the Interior, New Mexico had a house delegation composed entirely of women of color, the second US state (after Hawaii) to do so.  New Mexico is also the first state to have a majority of its house representatives be Native Americans.

New Mexico Commissioner of Public Lands
The New Mexico commissioner of public lands is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch in charge of managing all state lands and mineral rights, as well as overseeing leases and royalties on state land, in the U.S. state of New Mexico. The commissioner of public lands is elected to a four-year term and is able to serve up to two consecutive terms; more terms may be served after one full term has intervened.

Currently, Stephanie Garcia Richard is serving as the commissioner of public lands. She took office on January 1, 2019.
Lambda distribution
The lambda distribution is either of two probability distributions used in statistics:

Tukey's lambda distribution is a shape-conformable distribution used to identify an appropriate common distribution family to fit a collection of data to.

Wilks' lambda distribution is an extension of Snedecor's F-distribution for matricies used in multivariate hypothesis testing, especially with regard to the likelihood-ratio test and multivariate analysis of variance.

George W. Snedecor
George Waddel Snedecor (October 20, 1881 – February 15, 1974) was an American mathematician and statistician. He contributed to the development of analysis of variance, data analysis, experimental design, and statistical methodology. Snedecor's F-distribution and the George W. Snedecor Award of the American Statistical Association are named for him.
Cone algorithm
In computational geometry, the cone algorithm is an algorithm for identifying the particles that are near the surface of an object composed of discrete particles.  Its applications include computational surface science and computational nanoscience. The cone algorithm was first described in a publication about nanogold in 2005.

The cone algorithm works well with clusters in condensed phases, including solid and liquid phases. It can handle the situations when one configuration includes multiple clusters or when holes exist inside clusters. It can also be applied to a cluster iteratively to identify multiple sub-surface layers.

Surface science
Surface science is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid–gas interfaces. It includes the fields of surface chemistry and surface physics. Some related practical applications are classed as surface engineering. The science encompasses concepts such as heterogeneous catalysis, semiconductor device fabrication, fuel cells, self-assembled monolayers, and adhesives. Surface science is closely related to interface and colloid science. Interfacial chemistry and physics are common subjects for both. The methods are different. In addition, interface and colloid science studies macroscopic phenomena that occur in heterogeneous systems due to peculiarities of interfaces.
Somanur railway station
Somanur railway station (station code: SNO) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Salem railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a station in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu, India. It is located between Vanjipalayam and Sulur Road. It is located 3 Km away from Karumathampatti. Trains plying between Tiruppur and Coimbatore passes via Somanur.

Karumathampatti
Karumathampatti is a municipality in Sulur taluk of Coimbatore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It was a panchayat town till 2021, when it was elevated to a municipality. Spread across an area of 127 km2 (49 sq mi), it had a population of 35,062 individuals as per the 2011 census.
Los Angeles SC
Los Angeles SC (LASC) are an American semi-professional and youth soccer club based in Los Angeles, California. Founded by German immigrants in 1951 as the Los Angeles Kickers, its men's teams won the U.S. Open Cup twice in 1958 and 1964. Its senior women's team competes in the USL W League, an amateur league in the United States league system, and plays at Charter Oak High School in Covina, California. The team previously competed in United Women's Soccer between 2022 and 2025.

United Women's Soccer
United Women's Soccer (UWS) is a national pro-am women's soccer league in the United States. The league was founded in 2015 as a response to the dual problems of disorganization in the WPSL and of the folding of the original USL W-League. The league began play in May 2016 with eleven teams in two conferences. The first league currently has 25 teams in four conferences and second league currently has ten teams in a single conference.
Claude Williams (rugby union)
Claude Wright Williams (16 May 1916 — 30 April 1998) was a New Zealand rugby union international.

Williams was born in Centre Bush and educated at Timaru Boys' High School.

A forward, Williams played rugby at the University of Canterbury and was an All Blacks representative on the 1938 tour of Australia, where he featured in four uncapped matches, as a flanker and lock.

Williams served as a Royal Engineers officer during World War II and was involved in the Burma campaign, attached to the Indian Army. He was later a coach and selector of Canterbury's colts team.

The Milliken-Williams Trophy, contested annually between Timaru Boys' High School and St Andrew's College, is jointly named after Williams and Harold Milliken, an All Black who attended the latter.

1938 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia
The 1938 New Zealand tour rugby to Australia was the 16th tour by the New Zealand national rugby union team to Australia.

It followed a 1934 tour of Australia by the All Blacks, and the 1936 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand. New Zealand won all three test matches and retained the Bledisloe Cup.
Great West
Great West may mean:

Alternate name of Far West, an East Asian term that refers to Europe

The Great West Conference, was an NCAA college athletic conference in the continental USA

The Great-West Life Assurance Company, a life insurance company. Its headquarters are in Winnipeg, Manitoba

The Great West Aerodrome, existed from 1929 to 1944, about half a mile square, where part of London Heathrow Airport is now.

Great West Conference
The Great West Conference (GWC) was an NCAA college athletic conference in the continental United States. Originally a football-only league, it became an all-sports entity during the 2008–09 season. The GWC stopped sponsoring football following the 2011 season. The conference became defunct when four of the remaining five full member schools became members of other conferences on July 1, 2013.
Kate Braid
Kathleen (Kate) Braid (born March 19, 1947) is a Canadian poet. Born in Calgary, Alberta, she was raised in Montreal, Quebec, and graduated from Mount Allison University. Her poems and personal essays have been widely printed and anthologized. She lives in Vancouver, British Columbia.

Mount Allison University
Mount Allison University (also Mount A or MtA) is a public primarily undergraduate liberal arts university located in Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, founded in 1839.

Mount Allison was the first university in the British Empire to award a baccalaureate to a woman (Grace Annie Lockhart, B.Sc., 1875). It was also the first university in Canada to grant a bachelor of arts to a woman (Harriet Starr Stewart in 1882).

Graduates of Mount Allison have been awarded a total of 57 Rhodes Scholarships, the highest per capita of any university in the British Commonwealth.

It is ranked the top undergraduate university in Canada for a record 26th time, by Maclean's 2026 Annual University Ranking.