hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leninets-class submarine
The Leninets or L class were the second class of submarines to be built for the Soviet Navy. Twenty-five were built in four groups between 1931 and 1941. They were minelaying submarines and were based on the British L-class submarine, HMS L55, which was sunk during the British intervention in the Russian Civil War. Some experience from the previous Dekabrist-class submarines was also utilised. The boats were of the saddle tank type and mines were carried in two stern galleries as pioneered on the pre-war Russian submarine Krab (1912). These boats were considered successful by the Soviets. Groups 3 and 4 had more powerful engines and a higher top speed.

Minelayer
A minelayer is any warship, submarine, military aircraft or land vehicle deploying explosive mines. Since World War I the term "minelayer" refers specifically to a naval ship used for deploying naval mines. "Mine planting" was the term for installing controlled mines at predetermined positions in connection with coastal fortifications or harbor approaches that would be detonated by shore control when a ship was fixed as being within the mine's effective range.

An army's special-purpose combat engineering vehicles used to lay landmines are sometimes called "minelayers".
Qatari soft power
Qatar has been noted for its ability to use soft power to achieve its objectives by influencing other actor's choices and populations’ views towards it. Qatar's soft power is mostly manifested by Qatar's extensive sports and media network through government owned intermediaries such as Qatar Sports Investment, Al Jazeera, Qatar Airways, which critics argue serve in part to divert attention from Qatar's human rights violations, discrimination against the LGBT community and sponsorship of non-state militant groups. In 2026 it was revealed that Qatar influenced Wikipedia by using a PR company.

Sportswashing
Sportswashing is a term used to describe the practice of governments, individuals, corporations, or other groups using sports to improve reputations tarnished by wrongdoing. A form of propaganda, sportswashing can be accomplished through hosting sporting events, purchasing or sponsoring sporting teams, or participating in a sport.

At the international level, it is believed that sportswashing has been used to direct attention away from poor human rights records and corruption scandals. At the individual and corporate levels, it is believed that sportswashing has been used to cover up vices, crimes, and scandals. Sportswashing is an example of reputation laundering.
TT359
The Theban Tomb TT359, also referred to as the Tomb of Inherkhau, is located in Deir el-Medina, part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor. It is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian workman Inherkhau, who was Foreman of the Lord of the Two Lands in the Place of Truth during the reigns of Ramesses III and Ramesses IV during the 20th Dynasty. Inherkhau was also the owner of the Tomb TT299. He was the son of the similarly titled Foreman Huy, and Inherkhau's wife was named Wab.

Theban Necropolis
The Theban Necropolis (Arabic: مدينة طيبة الجنائزية, romanized: Madīnat Ṭaybah al-Janāʼizīyah) is a necropolis on the west bank of the Nile, opposite Thebes (Luxor) in Upper Egypt. It was used for ritual burials for much of the Pharaonic period, especially during the New Kingdom.
Barøya
Barøya (Norwegian) or Bárka (Northern Sami) is an uninhabited island in Narvik Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 13-square-kilometre (5.0 sq mi) island is located in the Ofotfjorden near the entrance to the Efjorden. The village of Lødingen lies 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) north of the island. Barøy Lighthouse is located on the northwestern part of the island. The highest point on the island is the 299-metre (981 ft) tall mountain Sørfjellet.

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
Draycot, Oxfordshire
Draycot is a hamlet on the River Thame, in the civil parish of Tiddington-with-Albury, in the South Oxfordshire district, in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It is situated approximately 4½ miles to the west of Thame. In 1881 it had a population of 17.

The name derives from Old English dræg (a slipway or drag, a sledge, or a dray), with cot (a cottage or shelter).

After the Norman Conquest the lord of the manor was Richard, son of Rainfrid de Bretteville whilst Milo of Wallingford was tenant-in-chief. In 1086, the Domesday Book recorded Draycot as having seven households (five villager and two slave). There were two ploughlands, one lord's plough team, one men's plough team, and a ten acre meadow.

In 1886 the hamlet was incorporated into Waterstock civil parish, and subsequently in 1954 transferred to Tiddington-with-Albury, reducing Waterstock to 903 acres.

Waterstock
Waterstock is a village and civil parish on the River Thame about 4.5 miles (7 km) west of the market town of Thame in Oxfordshire. The parish is bounded to the north and west by the river, to the south largely by the A418 main road, and to the east largely by the minor road between Tiddington and Ickford Bridge across the Thame. On the north side of the parish, the river forms the county boundary with Buckinghamshire as well as the parish boundary with Ickford and Worminghall. Waterstock village is on a minor road north of the A418 and is surrounded by open farming land. In the village are about 50 houses and a farm along one main street.
Wukang Road
Wukang Road (Chinese: 武康路; pinyin: Wǔkāng Lù; Shanghainese: Wukhån Lu), originally Route Ferguson (福开森路), is a historic road in the Xuhui District of Shanghai, China, located in the western part of the former French Concession area of the city. In 2011 Wukang Road was recognized as one of the National Historic and Cultural Streets of China.

Huang Xing
Huang Xing or Huang Hsing (Chinese: 黃興; 25 October 1874 – 31 October 1916) was a Chinese revolutionary leader and politician, and the first commander-in-chief of the Republic of China. As one of the founders of the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Republic of China, his position was second only to Sun Yat-sen.  Together they were known as Sun-Huang during the Xinhai Revolution. He was also known as the "Eight Fingered General" because of wounds sustained during war. His tomb is on Mount Yuelu, in Changsha, Hunan, China.

Huang was born in the village of Gaotang, now part of Changsha, Hunan. Like many other Chinese men born before 1949, Huang was known by many different names during his life. His birth name was "Huang Zhen", but this was later changed to "Huang Xing". He was also known as "Huang Keqiang" and "Qing Wu". In the period after 1911 he also used the names "Li Youqing" and "Zhang Shouzheng".
Jack Howard (sprinter)
Jack Howard (born July 21, 1981 in Weno, Chuuk Atoll) is a track and field sprint athlete who competes internationally for the Federated States of Micronesia.

Howard represented the Federated States of Micronesia at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He competed at the 100 metres sprint and placed 7th in his heat without advancing to the second round. He ran the distance in a time of 11.03 seconds.

His brother John Howard competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Chuuk Lagoon
Chuuk Lagoon, previously Truk Atoll, is an atoll in the central Pacific Ocean. It lies about 1,800 kilometres (970 nautical miles) northeast of New Guinea and is part of Chuuk State within the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). A protective reef, 225 kilometres (140 mi) around, encloses a natural harbour 79 by 50 km (43 nmi × 27 nmi), with an area of 2,130 km2 (820 sq mi). It has a land area of 93.07 square kilometres (35.93 square miles), with a population of 36,158 people and a maximal elevation of 443 metres (1,453 ft). Weno city on Weno (formerly Moen) Island functions as both the atoll's capital and the state capital, and is the largest city in the FSM with its 13,700 people.

Chuuk Lagoon was the Empire of Japan's main naval base in the South Pacific theatre during World War II. It was the site of a major U.S. attack during Operation Hailstone in February 1944, and Operation Inmate, a small assault conducted by British and Canadian forces during June 1945.
Common prosperity
Common prosperity (Chinese: 共同富裕; pinyin: Gòngtóng fùyù) is a Chinese Communist Party (CCP) political slogan and stated goal to bolster social equality and economic equity. Under the leadership of CCP chairman Mao Zedong, common prosperity meant collective ownership. Paramount leader Deng Xiaoping redefined the way to achieve common prosperity by saying that some could get rich before others. Under the leadership of CCP general secretary Xi Jinping, the term gained large-scale prominence, with Xi defining common prosperity as more equal distribution of income but also saying that it is not uniform egalitarianism.

Mary E. Gallagher
Mary Elizabeth Gallagher (born June 26, 1969) is an American political scientist. She is currently the Marilyn Keough Dean of the University of Notre Dame's Keough School of Global Affairs and a nonresident senior fellow at the Brookings Institution's John L. Thornton China Center.
Ernest Roberts (Royal Navy officer)
Engineer Rear-Admiral Ernest William Roberts OBE (1878–1933) was a Royal Navy officer and rugby union international who represented England from 1901 to 1907. He also captained his country. As a rear-admiral in the Royal Navy, he served in Grand Fleet destroyers during World War I. He was appointed an OBE (Military Division) in 1923.

Grand Fleet
The Grand Fleet was the main battlefleet of the Royal Navy during the First World War. It was established in August 1914 and disbanded in April 1919. Its main base was Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands.
Light Up (The World)
"Light Up (The World)" is a song recorded by British artist Yasmin, featuring Shy FX and Ms. Dynamite. The song was released on 15 January 2012 for digital download in the United Kingdom as Yasmin's third single.

Ms. Dynamite
Naomi Arleen McLean-Daley MBE (born 26 April 1981), better known as Ms. Dynamite, is a British singer and rapper. She is the recipient of the Mercury Music Prize, two Brit Awards and three MOBO Awards.
Andrea Coppolino
Andrea Coppolino (born 19 August 1979) is an Italian male artistic gymnast, representing his nation at international competitions. He participated at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China. He also competed at world championships, including the 1999 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, 2001 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, 2002 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, 2003 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, 2005 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, 2006 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships and 2007 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships.

2005 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 38th World Artistic Gymnastics Championships were held at the Rod Laver Arena in Melbourne, Australia from 21 to 27 November 2005. Only the individual all-around and event finals were contested at this meet. There was no team competition; nations were permitted to bring up to six Men's Artistic Gymnastics (MAG) and up to four Women's Artistic Gymnastics (WAG) athletes to compete.
Harry Kirk
Henry Joseph Kirk (born 25 August 1944) is a Scottish former footballer who played on the left wing. He played in the Football League in England for Middlesbrough, Darlington, Hartlepool, Scunthorpe United and Stockport County, in the Scottish Football League for Third Lanark, Falkirk and Dumbarton, and in the Swedish Division 2 Norra for IK Sirius.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
Oliver Kitson, 4th Baron Airedale
Oliver James Vandeleur Kitson, 4th Baron Airedale (22 April 1915 – 19 March 1996), "an able and devoted" politician, member of the Liberal Party and then of the Liberal Democrats, was a British peer.

He was the son of Sir Roland Dudley Kitson, 3rd Baron Airedale and his first wife Sheila Grace, daughter of F. E. Vandeleur. He was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge and was called to the Bar, Inner Temple, in  1941. He lived at Ufford Hall near Stamford, Lincolnshire. He succeeded to the titles of 4th Baron Airedale, of Gledhow, and 4th Baronet on 20 March 1958. he was an active member of the House of Lords for 38 years: he was Deputy Speaker of the House of Lords from 1962 to 1996, Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords in 1961, and was a long-standing member of the Joint Committee on Statutory Instruments. Airedale did not marry and the titles became extinct on his death.

Gledhow
53°49′19″N 1°30′32″W﻿ / ﻿53.822°N 1.509°W﻿ / 53.822; -1.509

Gledhow is a suburb of north-east Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, east of Chapel Allerton and west of Roundhay. It sits in the Roundhay ward of Leeds City Council and Leeds North East parliamentary constituency.
Ilz, Styria
Ilz is a municipality in the district of Hartberg-Fürstenfeld in Styria, Austria. It is located at 47° 05' N, 15° 56' O and approx. 300 m above sea level, at the Left Bank of the river Ilz, in the 1 km wide and fruitful Ilz valley, 43 km to the east of Graz, 19 km to the east of Gleisdorf, and 13 km to the west of Fürstenfeld. It was named first in a writ issued on 14 October 1265 in Graz by Herbord of Fullnstein, who was sewer of bishop Bruno of Olmütz. In this writ a witness is mentioned: Dominus Wernherus de Ylnz, probably the vicar of that town.

Bruno von Schauenburg
Bruno von Schauenburg (also known as Bruno Olomucensis; 1205 – 1 or 17 February 1281 in Kroměříž) was a nobleman and Catholic priest of German descent, bishop of Olomouc in 1245–1281. He was one of the main advisors and diplomats of the Czech kings: Wenceslaus I of Bohemia, and especially Ottokar II of Bohemia, for whom he was the "right hand". As a bishop in history of Moravia he is known thanks to colonization and his role in founding many new towns.
Blouberg Local Municipality elections
The Blouberg Local Municipality is a Local Municipality in Limpopo, South Africa. The council consists of forty-four members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Twenty-two councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in twenty-two wards, while the remaining twenty-two are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of thirty-three seats.

Blouberg Local Municipality
Blouberg Municipality (Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Blouberg) is a local municipality within the Capricorn District Municipality, in the Limpopo province of South Africa, bordering Botswana. It takes its name from the Blouberg (literally meaning "blue mountain" in Afrikaans), a mountain range located to the west of the western end of the Soutpansberg mountain range, north west of the town of Vivo. Blouberg is home to some of the most spectacular rock climbing in South Africa. The rock climbing destination is famous for its big wall natural climbing with route lengths up to 350m. The vegetation ranges from sub-tropical savanna at the base, to alpine near the summit.
Siren (Ruby Gloom song)
"Siren" is a single released by Nana Kitade under the pseudonym Ruby Gloom. The title track "Siren" is being used as the theme song for the Japanese release of the Canadian animated series Ruby Gloom. The limited edition of this single comes with a DVD. The single was produced by former Megadeth guitarist, Marty Friedman, who also produced her reworks of "Kesenai Tsumi", and Alice From her "Berry Berry Singles" Album.

Berry Berry Singles
Berry Berry Singles is an album by Nana Kitade, released in November 2007. It is her first compilation album, and it features the singles "Kesenai Tsumi", "Kiss or Kiss", and "Antoinette Blue", along with other songs for nine songs total. It also features three bonus tracks including a reworking of "Kesenai Tsumi" and "Alice" with former Megadeth guitarist Marty Friedman and a cover of Daisy Chainsaw's "Love Your Money". The limited edition includes a bonus DVD with documentary footage of Kitade's performance in Paris and an interview of her and Marty Friedman.
2008 Czech presidential election
Indirect presidential elections were held in the Czech Republic on 8–9 February 2008, in which the President was elected by the Parliament. The candidates standing for election were the incumbent president Václav Klaus and University of Michigan Professor Jan Švejnar.

When no winner emerged on the first ballot, another ballot was held on 15 February 2008, with Klaus narrowly elected for a second term.

Parliament of the Czech Republic
The Parliament of the Czech Republic (Czech: Parlament České republiky) or just Parliament (Czech: Parlament) is the legislative branch of the Czech Republic. It meets in Malá Strana, Prague and is composed of 281 total members and Senators.

It consists of two chambers, both elected in direct elections:

the Upper House: Senate

the Lower House: Chamber of Deputies

Art. 15 of the Constitution stipulates its name as the "Parliament". The Parliament exercises competences usual in parliamentary systems: it holds and passes bills, has the right to modify the Constitution, ratifies international agreements; if necessary, it declares war, approves presence of foreign military forces in the Czech Republic or a dispatch of Czech military forces abroad.
HMS Fearless (H67)
HMS Fearless was an F-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy during the 1930s. Although assigned to the Home Fleet upon completion, the ship was attached to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1935–36 during the Abyssinia Crisis. During the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939, she spent time in Spanish waters, enforcing the arms blockade imposed by Britain and France on both sides of the conflict. Several months after the start of the war in September 1939, Fearless helped to sink one submarine and sank another one in 1940 during the Norwegian Campaign. She was sent to Gibraltar in mid-1940 and formed part of Force H where she participated in the attack on the Vichy French ships at Mers-el-Kébir and the bombardment of Genoa. Fearless helped to sink one final submarine in 1941 and escorted many Malta convoys in the Mediterranean before she was torpedoed by an Italian bomber and had to be scuttled on 23 July 1941.

Force H
Force H was a British naval formation during the Second World War. It was formed in late-June 1940, to replace French naval power in the western Mediterranean removed by the French armistice with Nazi Germany. The force occupied an odd place within the naval chain of command. Normal British practice was to have naval stations and fleets around the world, whose commanders reported to the First Sea Lord via a flag officer. Force H was based at Gibraltar but there was already a flag officer at the base, Flag Officer Commanding, North Atlantic. The commanding officer of Force H did not report to this Flag Officer but directly to the First Sea Lord, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Dudley Pound.
Avinash Arun
Avinash Arun (born 20 November 1985) is an Indian cinematographer and film director, most known for his films Killa (2014) and Three of Us (2023). As a cinematographer he has shot Hindi films such as Masaan, Drishyam, Madaari, and Hichki.

His first directorial Marathi film Killa was awarded a Crystal Bear by the children's jury at 64th Berlin International Film Festival. The film was also awarded Best Feature Film in Marathi at 62nd National Film Awards.

64th Berlin International Film Festival
The 64th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 6 to 16 February 2014. Wes Anderson's film The Grand Budapest Hotel opened the festival.

British film director Ken Loach was presented with the Honorary Golden Bear. The Golden Bear was awarded to the Chinese film Black Coal, Thin Ice directed by Diao Yinan, which also served as closing film.
Redbelt
Redbelt is a 2008 American martial arts film written and directed by David Mamet and starring Chiwetel Ejiofor, Tim Allen, Alice Braga, Randy Couture, Ricky Jay, Joe Mantegna, Emily Mortimer, David Paymer, Rebecca Pidgeon, and Rodrigo Santoro. The film also features a number of martial arts professionals. It opened in wide release in the United States and Canada on May 9, 2008. The film centers on a martial arts master who struggles to achieve financial stability without compromising on his strict set of morals and must determine if the latest opportunities in his career are too good to be true.

As of 2026, Redbelt remains Allen's only non-comedic role to date, not counting a cameo in Tropical Snow.

Tropical Snow
Tropical Snow is a 1988 American drama film written and directed by Ciro Durán and starring David Carradine, Madeleine Stowe, and Jsu Garcia (credited as "Nick Corri"). It was Durán's "first scripted, English-language feature", and also Tim Allen's film debut (with a cameo as a baggage handler).
Alan S. Rau
Alan S. Rau is an American lawyer, previously the Mark G. and Judy G. Yudof Chair in Law at University of Texas School of Law, and also previously a Distinguished Professor at Queen Mary University of London and the Fred Paulus Chair in Public Policy and at Willamette University College.

University of Texas School of Law
The University of Texas School of Law (Texas Law or UT Law) is the law school of the University of Texas at Austin, a public research university in Austin, Texas.  According to Texas Law’s ABA disclosures, 93.0% of the Class of 2024 obtained full-time, long-term bar passage required employment (i.e. as attorneys) nine months after graduation.
Tomorrow Was the War
Tomorrow Was the War (Russian: Завтра была война, romanized: Zavtra byla voyna) is a 1987 Soviet war drama film directed by Yuri Kara based on the eponymous novella by Boris Vasilyev. The film was Kara's thesis at VGIK.

Boris Vasilyev (writer)
Boris Lvovich Vasilyev (Russian: Борис Львович Васильев; 21 May 1924 – 11 March 2013) was a Soviet and Russian writer and screenwriter. He is considered the last representative of the so-called lieutenant prose, a group of former low-ranking Soviet officers who dramatized their traumatic World War II experience.
Amenemope
Amenemope, also Amenemopet, Amenemipet or Amunemopet (ỉmn-m-ỉp3.t, Greek: αμενωφις; “Amun in Luxor”) is an Ancient Egyptian name. Its notable bearers were:

Amenemope (pharaoh) (died 992 BC), pharaoh, 21st dynasty

Amenemopet (prince), probably a son of Amenhotep II (18th dynasty)

Amenemipet called Pairy, a vizier dated to the reigns of Amenhotep II and Thutmose IV

Amenemopet (princess), a daughter of Thutmose IV (18th dynasty)

Amenemopet, a son of Ramesses II, 19th on the lists of princes; see List of children of Ramesses II (19th dynasty)

Amenemopet (Viceroy of Kush) served as Viceroy of Kush during the reign of Seti I

Amenemope (author), son of Kanakht, ostensible author of The Instruction of Amenemope, dated to the Ramesside Period

Amenemopet (princess)
Amenemopet was an ancient Egyptian princess (king's daughter) during the 18th Dynasty, probably a daughter of Thutmose IV.

She is shown sitting upon the knees of her tutor Horemheb, in his Theban tomb (TT78).  Horemheb (not identical with the pharaoh of the same name) served under the reigns of Amenhotep II, Thutmose IV and Amenhotep III, so the princess could have been the daughter of any of these pharaohs, but Thutmose is the most likely.

She died during the reign of Amenhotep III. Later, her mummy was reburied in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna cache along with that of several other princesses: her probable sisters Tiaa and Petepihu; her niece Nebetia and Princesses Tatau, Henutiunu, Merytptah, Sithori and Wiay. The tomb was discovered in 1857.