hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swimming at the 2011 Pan American Games – Women's 400 metre individual medley
The women's 400 metre individual medley competition of the swimming events at the 2011 Pan American Games took place on the 15 of October at the Scotiabank Aquatics Center. The defending Pan American Games champion is Kathleen Hersey of the United States.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool. The first two lengths were swum using the butterfly stroke, the second pair with the backstroke, the third pair of lengths in breaststroke, and the final two were freestyle.

Breaststroke
Breaststroke is a swimming style in which the swimmer is on their chest and the torso does not rotate. It is the most popular recreational style due to the swimmer's head being out of the water a large portion of the time, and that it can be swum comfortably at slow speeds. In most swimming classes, beginners learn either the breaststroke or the freestyle (front crawl) first. However, at the competitive level, swimming breaststroke at speed requires endurance and strength comparable to other strokes. Some people refer to breaststroke as the "frog" stroke because the arms and legs move somewhat like a frog swimming in the water. The stroke itself is the slowest of any competitive strokes and is thought to be the oldest of all swimming strokes.
The Trenchcoat Brigade
The Trenchcoat Brigade is a four-issue comic book limited series that was published in 1999 as a part of DC Comics' Vertigo imprint, featuring several mystic DC Universe characters.

The title references an offhand joke used by John Constantine in the earlier Books of Magic series to label a loose affiliation of mystics including himself, Phantom Stranger, Doctor Occult, and Mister E who share a preference for trenchcoats as their outdoor wear (Constantine was knowingly paraphrasing the title of Alfred, Lord Tennyson's famous "The Charge of the Light Brigade", about a reckless military event).

The Charge of the Light Brigade (poem)
"The Charge of the Light Brigade" is an 1854 narrative poem by Alfred, Lord Tennyson about the cavalry charge of the same name at the Battle of Balaclava during the Crimean War. He wrote the original version on 2 December 1854, and it was published on 9 December 1854 in The Examiner. He was the Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom at the time. The poem was subsequently revised and expanded for inclusion in Maud and Other Poems (1855).
Philip Florig
Philip Florig (born 11 September 2003) is a German tennis player.

Florig has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 842 achieved in November 2022, and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 882, achieved in June 2023.

Florig made his ATP main draw debut at the 2022 BMW Open after entering the doubles main draw as alternates with Maximilian Homberg, losing in the first round to Roman Jebavý and Andrés Molteni.

Florig is based out of the national sports center in Oberhaching, Germany.

Oberhaching
Oberhaching (German pronunciation: [oːbɐˈhaxɪŋ] ⓘ, lit. 'Upper Haching', in contrast to "Lower Haching") is a municipality in Bavaria, Germany, with 13,638 inhabitants (2020) on an area of 26.6 km2 (10.3 sq mi). It is located 15 km (9.3 mi) south of Munich city centre and has a 1,250 year history.

Oberhaching has also become a high-end residential location thanks to its excellent connections to Munich and its quiet, rural location.
Emre Nefiz
Emre Nefiz (born 24 November 1994) is a German footballer who plays as a winger for Serikspor.

Nefiz was born in Germany to parents of Turkish descent, and has represented the Turkey national under-19 football team.

Serikspor
Serik Spor Futbol A.Ş., commonly simply referred to as Serikspor, is a Turkish professional football club established in the Serik district of Antalya province in 1955. The club colours are green and white and they play their home matches at İsmail Oğan Stadium.
Hassan Mourhit
Hassan Mourhit (born 2 January 1982) is a Moroccan-Belgian long-distance runner.

He is the brother of another Moroccan-Belgian runner, Mohammed Mourhit. He changed nationality from Morocco to Belgium on 15 August 2003. Two weeks later he competed at the 5000 metres event at the 2003 World Championships, where he did not progress from his heat.

His personal best time was 13:21.97 minutes, achieved on 2 August 2003 in Heusden-Zolder. He also had 3:37.47 minutes in the 1500 metres, achieved in July 2007 in the same city, and 7:55.81 in the 3000 metres, achieved on the indoor track in February 2001 in Ghent. During that same meeting, he achieved the fastest time ever ran by a junior (= under 20) over two miles indoor, which is still a Moroccan record today.

2003 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 5000 metres
The Men's 5000 metres event at the 2003 IAAF World Championships in Paris, France on Sunday 31 August 2003 at 18:40h. There were a total number of 29 participating athletes, with two qualifying heats held prior to the final. Eliud Kipchoge won the race, followed by the Hicham El Guerrouj and Kenenisa Bekele. The race has received enduring attention because the three medalists–– Kipchoge, El Guerrouj, and Bekele–– are often considered among the greatest runners in history.

The winning margin was 0.04 seconds which as of 2024 remains the only time the men's 5,000 metres was won by less than 0.1 seconds at these championships.
Broadcast to the Empire
"Broadcast to the Empire" is the fourth (and final) Christmas Night with the Stars sketch of the British television comedy series Dad's Army. It was originally transmitted on Monday 25 December 1972. A full-length radio version was also made, entitled Ten Seconds From Now, which was the last radio episode to be made.

Captain Mainwaring
Captain George Mainwaring (/ˈmænərɪŋ/) is a fictional Home Guard captain, first portrayed by Arthur Lowe in the BBC television sitcom Dad's Army. In the 2016 film he is played by Toby Jones and in the 2019 remake of three missing episodes he is played by Kevin McNally. Mainwaring is the bank manager and Home Guard platoon commander, in the fictional seaside town of Walmington-on-Sea during the Second World War.

He is considered a classic British comic character owing to the continuing currency of Dad's Army via regular repeats and Lowe's portrayal. Many of his quotes, such as, "You stupid boy!", are engrained in British popular culture. In a 2001 Channel 4 poll Captain Mainwaring was ranked 21st on their list of the 100 Greatest TV Characters.
Polyarny, Murmansk Oblast
Polyarny (Russian: Поля́рный) is a town and the administrative center of the closed administrative-territorial formation of Alexandrovsk in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, situated on the outermost western side of the Kola Bay. Population:  17,293 (2010 Census); 18,552 (2002 Census); 27,635 (1989 Soviet census).

It was previously known as Alexandrovsk (until 15 March 1926), Alexandrovskoye (until 11 March 1931), Polyarnoye (until 19 September 1939).

The Hunt for Red October
The Hunt for Red October is the debut novel by American author Tom Clancy, first published on October 1, 1984, by the Naval Institute Press. It depicts Soviet submarine captain Marko Ramius as he seemingly goes rogue with his country's cutting-edge ballistic missile submarine Red October, and marks the first appearance of Clancy's most popular fictional character, Jack Ryan, an analyst working for the Central Intelligence Agency, as he must prove his theory that Ramius plans to defect to the United States.

The Hunt for Red October launched Clancy's career as a novelist, especially after US President Ronald Reagan remarked that he had enjoyed reading the book. A film adaptation was released on March 2, 1990 by Paramount Pictures, and several computer and video games based on the book have been developed. The book was instrumental in bringing the book genre of techno-thriller into the mainstream.
Oldenlandia ocellata
Oldenlandia ocellata is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is a rosette-forming subshrub endemic to the island of Abd al Kuri in Yemen's Socotra Archipelago. It has a distinctive clear eye at the tip of its succulent leaves and calyces, which may act as a lens to focus sun rays on photosynthetic cells around the sides of its semi-globose leaf tips. It grows on shaded rocky slopes and ledges from 30 to 500 metres elevation, and is particularly common in limestone cracks on Jebal Saleh. O. ocellata is in the "vulnerable" category of the IUCN Red List.

Socotra Governorate
The Socotra Archipelago (Arabic: أرخبيل سقطرى ʾArḫabīl Suquṭrā), officially the Socotra Archipelago Governorate (Arabic: محافظة أرخبيل سقطرى Muḥāfaẓat ʾArḫabīl Suquṭrā), abbreviated to Socotra Governorate (Arabic: محافظة سقطرى Muḥāfaẓat Suquṭrā), is one of the governorates of Yemen. It consists of four larger islands and three small islets in the Indian Ocean south of mainland Yemen and east of the Horn of Africa. The largest island is Socotra.
Kalukundi mine
Kalukundi Mine (French: Mine de Kalukundi) is a copper and cobalt mine being developed in Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) by Africo Resources, a Canadian company. In September 2008 the company estimated the value of the resource as $1.47 billion.

Kolwezi
Kolwezi or Kolwesi is the capital city of Lualaba Province in the south of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, west of Likasi.  It has an airport and a railway to Lubumbashi. Just outside of Kolwezi there is the static inverter plant of the HVDC Inga-Shaba.  The population is approximately 573,000.

Before the creation of Lualaba province in 2015, Kolwezi had two territories attached to it to create the Kolwezi District.
Zwittermicin A
Zwittermicin A is an antibiotic that has been identified from the bacterium Bacillus cereus UW85. It is a molecule of interest to agricultural industry because it has the potential to suppress plant disease due to its broad spectrum activity against certain gram positive and gram negative prokaryotic micro-organisms. The molecule is also of interest from a metabolic perspective because it represents a new structural class of antibiotic and suggests a crossover between polyketide and non-ribosomal peptide biosynthetic pathways. Zwittermicin A is linear aminopolyol.

Polyketide
In organic chemistry, polyketides are a class of natural products derived from a precursor molecule consisting of a chain of alternating ketone (>C=O, or its reduced forms) and methylene (>CH2) groups: [−C(=O)−CH2−]n. First studied in the early 20th century, discovery, biosynthesis, and application of polyketides has evolved. It is a large and diverse group of secondary metabolites caused by its complex biosynthesis which resembles that of fatty acid synthesis. Because of this diversity, polyketides can have various medicinal, agricultural, and industrial applications. Many polyketides are medicinal or exhibit acute toxicity. Biotechnology has enabled discovery of more naturally occurring polyketides and evolution of new polyketides with novel or improved bioactivity.
Diego Baldenweg with Nora Baldenweg and Lionel Baldenweg
Diego Baldenweg with Nora Baldenweg and Lionel Baldenweg is the Swiss/Australian composer trio sometimes referred to as the Baldenweg siblings. In the field of advertising they are also firming as Great Garbo (stylised in all caps).

Swiss Film Awards
The Swiss Film Awards (French: Prix du cinéma suisse, German: Schweizer Filmpreis, Italian: Premio del cinema svizzero, Romansh: Premi dal film svizzer; also known as the Swiss Film Prize) are national film awards awarded in several categories of Switzerland, first given out in 1998.
Konstantinos Tsiaras
Konstantinos Tsiaras (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Τσιάρας; born 1966) is a Greek politician and member of New Democracy who currently serves as Minister of Rural Development and Food and former Minister of Justice in the Cabinet of Kyriakos Mitsotakis from 2019 to 2023. He is a member of the Hellenic Parliament for his hometown Karditsa. In addition to Greek, his native language, he speaks English, French, German, Italian, and Russian.

Ministry of Justice (Greece)
The Ministry of Justice (Greek: Υπουργείο Δικαιοσύνης) is the government department entrusted with the supervision of the legal and judicial system of Greece. The incumbent minister is Giorgos Floridis independent, formerly member of PASOK and Prefector of Kilkis.

It was founded as the State Secretariat for Justice (Ἡ ἐπὶ τῆς Δικαιοσύνης Γραμματεία τῆς Ἐπικρατείας) on 25 January 1833, and later known as the Ministry of Justice (Katharevousa: Ὑπουργεῖον Δικαιοσύνης, Demotic: Υπουργείο Δικαιοσύνης). It was renamed the Ministry of Justice, Transparency and Human Rights (Greek: Υπουργείο Δικαιοσύνης, Διαφάνειας και Ανθρωπίνων Δικαιωμάτων) in October 2009 under George Papandreou, but was restored to its previous name in July 2019 by Kyriakos Mitsotakis.
Volodymyr Shukhevych
Volodymyr Osypovych Shukhevych (Ukrainian: Володи́мир О́сипович Шухе́вич, pseudonym, V. Sh. Shumylo, Ukrainian: Шумило, В.Ш.) (15 March 1849, Tyshkivtsi village, Horodenkyi district, Ivano-Frankivsk region, Austrian Empire – 10 April 1915, Lviv, Austria-Hungary) – was a Ukrainian public figure, writer, ethnographer and teacher.

Shevchenko Scientific Society
The Shevchenko Scientific Society (Ukrainian: Наукове товариство імені Т.Шевченка в Україні, romanized: Naukóve tovarýstvo imeni T.Shevchénka v Ukraini), founded in 1873, is a Ukrainian scientific society devoted to the promotion of scholarly research and publication.

Unlike the government-funded National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the society is a public organization. It was reestablished in Ukraine in 1989 during the  fall of the Soviet Union, after being exiled from Ukraine since 1940. The society now has branches in several countries around the globe, such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and France.

The organisation is named after the famous Ukrainian poet, writer, artist, public and political figure, Taras Shevchenko.
2024–2025 Kansas tuberculosis outbreak
Starting in 2024, the U.S. state of Kansas experienced a sudden rise in cases of tuberculosis, with 68 active cases. 113 cases of tuberculosis were recorded in Kansas in 2024, compared to 51 in 2023. It is one of the largest tuberculosis outbreaks reported in the U.S. since surveillance for large outbreaks began in 2008.

The Kansas Department of Health and Environment has not publicly identified the source of the outbreak.
On November 14, 2025, after all patients had completed treatment, the Kansas Department of Health and Environment declared the end of the outbreak.

Kansas Department of Health and Environment
The Kansas Department of Health and Environment is a state agency in Kansas, responsible for the state's public health system, vital and medical records, and environmental sustainability. The department is also responsible for administering the state's Medicaid program, KanCare, in partnership with the Kansas Department of Aging and Disability Services.
Headstand
The headstand, or sometimes head stand, is a pose that is an inversion posture of standing head down. The technique is used in different settings such as yoga, breakdancing, acrobatics and beginner gymnastics.

Breakdancing
Breakdancing or breaking, also called b-boying (when performed by men) or b-girling (women), is a style of street dance developed by African Americans and Puerto Ricans in The Bronx borough of New York City.

Breakdancing consists mainly of four kinds of movement—toprock, footwork, power moves, and freezes—and is typically set to songs containing drum breaks, especially in funk, soul, and hip-hop. Its modern dance elements originated among the poor youth of New York during the 1970s and early 1980s. It is tied to the birth of hip-hop, whose DJs played songs featuring rhythmic breaks for dancers.

The dance form has expanded globally, with an array of organizations and independent competitions supporting its growth. Breaking became an Olympic sport at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, as per a December 7, 2020 decision by the International Olympic Committee, after a proposal by the World DanceSport Federation.
Liberal Party of Macedonia
The Liberal Party of Macedonia (Macedonian: Либерална партија на Македонија, romanized: Liberalna partija na Makedonija) was a conservative-liberal political party in North Macedonia. The party was a member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party. Its last chairman was Ivon Velichkovski.

Social Democratic Union of Macedonia
The Social Democratic Union of Macedonia (Macedonian: Социјалдемократски сојуз на Македонија – СДСМ, Socijaldemokratski sojuz na Makedonija – SDSM, Albanian: Lidhja socialdemokrate e Maqedonisë – LSDM) is a social democratic political party, and the main centre-left party in North Macedonia. The party is pro-European.

The Social Democratic Union of Macedonia was founded on 20 April 1991 at the 11th Congress of the League of Communists of Macedonia, when it was transformed into the SDSM. The Social Democratic Union of Macedonia is a member of the Progressive Alliance and an associate affiliate of the Party of European Socialists (PES). The party supported a practical solution to the Macedonia naming dispute with Greece, which succeeded under the Prespa Agreement.
Nechemya Cohen
Nechemiah Cohen (Hebrew: נחמיה כהן; April 30, 1943 – June 5, 1967) was the most decorated soldier in the history of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). He shares this honour with close friend and former Prime Minister Ehud Barak, and Major Amitai Hason. He received five decorations – one Medal of Distinguished Service and four Chief Of Staff Citations.

Cohen was born in Jerusalem to Shalom and Shoshana, who made Aliyah from Turkey. He studied in the elementary school in Bet HaKerem neighbourhood of Jerusalem and later attended Beit Hinuch high school in the city. Following his graduation, he enlisted to the IDF, where he served in Sayeret Matkal.

Cohen was killed in combat near the City of Gaza on June 5, 1967, the first day of the Six-Day War, aged 24.

His older brother Eliezer Cohen served as a fighter pilot and was a member of the Knesset.

Combat
Combat is a purposeful violent conflict between multiple combatants with the intent to harm the opposition. Combat may be armed (using weapons) or unarmed (not using weapons). Combat is resorted to either as a method of self-defense or to impose one's will upon others. An instance of combat can be a standalone confrontation or part of a wider conflict, and its scale can range from a fight between individuals to a war between organized groups. Combat may also be benign and recreational, as in the cases of combat sports and mock combat.

Combat may comply with, or be in violation of, local or international laws regarding conflict. Examples of rules include the Geneva Conventions (covering the treatment of people in war), medieval chivalry, the Marquess of Queensberry Rules (covering boxing), and the individual rulesets of various combat sports.
Emmanuel Adama Mahama
Emmanuel Adama Mahama was a Ghanaian politician. He served as a Member of Parliament during the First Republic of Ghana. He is the father of John Dramani Mahama, the 4th President of the 4th Republic of Ghana.

Nkrumah government
Dr. Kwame Nkrumah was the first Prime Minister and first President of Ghana. Nkrumah had run governments under the supervision of the British government through Charles Arden-Clarke, the Governor-General. His first government under colonial rule started from 21 March 1952 until independence. His first independent government took office on 6 March 1957. From 1 July 1960, Ghana became a republic and Nkrumah became the first president of Ghana.

In February 1966 his government was overthrown by the National Liberation Council military coup.
Logistic Battalion "Piemonte"
The Logistic Battalion "Piemonte" (Italian: Battaglione Logistico "Piemonte") is an inactive military logistics battalion of the Italian Army. The battalion was formed in 1976 as Logistic Battalion "Centauro" and assigned to the Armored Division "Centauro". After the division was disbanded in 1986 the battalion was reorganized as a brigade logistic battalion and renamed Logistic Battalion "Piemonte". From 1986 to 1991, the battalion was assigned to the 3rd Army Corps and earmarked to support the reserve Motorized Brigade "Piemonte". The battalion was disbanded in 1991. The battalion's anniversary falls, as for all units of the Italian Army's Transport and Materiel Corps, on 22 May, the anniversary of the Royal Italian Army's first major use of automobiles to transport reinforcements to the Asiago plateau to counter the Austro-Hungarian Asiago Offensive in May 1916.

Asiago
Asiago (Italian: [aˈzjaːɡo]; Venetian: Axiago, Cimbrian: Slege, German: Schlägen [ˈʃlɛːɡn̩]) is a minor township (population roughly 6,500) with the title of city in the surrounding plateau region (the Altopiano di Asiago or Altopiano dei Sette Comuni, Asiago plateau) in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of Northeastern Italy. It is near the border between the Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regions in the foothills of the Alps, approximately equidistant (60 km) from Trento to the west and Vicenza to the south. The Asiago region is the origin of Asiago cheese.  The town was the site of a major battle between Austrian and Italian forces on the Alpine Front of World War I.  It is a major ski resort destination, and the site of the Astrophysical Observatory of Asiago, operated by the University of Padua.
Louis Picotte
Louis Picotte (May 4, 1780 – May 7, 1827) was a farmer, merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Saint-Maurice in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1820 to 1824 as a member of the Parti canadien.

He was born in Rivière du-Loup (later Louiseville), the son of Jean-Baptiste Picotte, an Acadian refugee, and Hélène DeJarlais. Picotte was a voyageur in the Northwest with McTavish, Frobisher and Company. In 1810, he married his second cousin Archange Déjarlais. Picotte established a butcher shop in Trois-Rivières around 1813. He died in Rivière-du-Loup at the age of 47.

Louiseville
Louiseville (French pronunciation: [lwizvil] ⓘ) is a town in the Mauricie region of the province of Quebec in Canada. It is located near the mouth of the 'Rivière-du-Loup', on the north shore of Lac Saint-Pierre.

Louiseville is twinned with Soissons in France and Cerfontaine in Belgium.
Tribal art
Tribal art is the visual arts and material culture of indigenous people. Also known as non-Western art or ethnographic art, or, controversially, primitive art, tribal arts have historically been collected by Western anthropologists, private collectors, and museums, particularly ethnographic and natural history museums.

Natural history museum
A natural history museum or museum of natural history is a scientific institution with natural history collections that include current and historical records of animals, plants, fungi, ecosystems, geology, paleontology, climatology, and more.
Mafkar
Mafkar (Arabic: مفكر, also transliterated al-Mufakkir) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Barri Sharqi Subdistrict of the Salamiyah District of the Hama Governorate. It is located 52 kilometers (32 mi) east of Hama and 22 kilometers (14 mi) north of Salamiyah. It consists of two parts, Mafkar Sharqi (East Mafkar) and Mafkar Gharbi (West Mafkar); the two parts are considered neighborhoods and sometimes, as separate villages.

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Mafkar Sharqi had a population of 802 and Mafkar Gharbi had a population of 803 in the 2004 census. The inhabitants are predominantly Ismaili Shia Muslims.

Salamiyah District
Salamiyah (Arabic: سلمية Salamīya) is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Hama Governorate, Syria. At the 2004 Census it had a population of 187,123. Its administrative district is the city of Salamiyah.