hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Croix Sonore
The Croix Sonore is an early electronic musical instrument with continuous pitch, similar to the theremin. Like the theremin, the pitch of the tone is dependent on the nearness of the player's arm to an antenna; unlike the theremin, the antenna was in the shape of a cross, and the electronics were inside a brass ball to which the cross was affixed.

It was developed by Russian born composer Nikolai Obukhov who lived and worked in France from 1918, and built by Michel Billaudot and Pierre Dauvillier in Paris; they developed a prototype version in 1926 and demonstrated an improved version in 1934.  Along with many, including Maurice Martenot, Obhukov was present at a demonstration of the thereminvox by its inventor Lev Termen (Leon Theremin) in 1924. Obukhov composed several pieces for the Croix Sonore, in duet with piano, in ensemble and as solo instrument with orchestras. The Croix Sonore was played by Marie-Antoinette Aussenac-Broglie, who was a student of Obukhov's.

Leon Theremin
Lev Sergeyevich Termen (27 August [O.S. 15 August] 1896 – 3 November 1993), better known as Leon Theremin, was a Russian inventor, most famous for his invention of the theremin, one of the first electronic musical instruments and the first to be mass-produced. He also worked on early television research. His secret listening device, "The Thing", hung for seven years in plain view in the United States ambassador's Moscow office and enabled Soviet agents to secretly eavesdrop on conversations.
Giribala
Giribala is a Bengali silent drama film directed by Madhu Bose based on the same name short story of Rabindranath Tagore. This film's name was initially Manbhanjan, which was changed to Giribala by the suggestion of Tagore himself. The movie was released on 15 February 1929 under the banner of Madan Theatre. Tagore was present at the first show of the film and he expressed his satisfaction towards the movie Giribala.

Madhu Bose
Modhu Bose  (1900–1969), was an Indian film director, actor, singer and screenwriter during the thirties to sixties. He was born on 12 February 1900 at 63 Dharmatala Street, Kolkata. His mother was Kamala Dutt Bose, a renowned educator who founded the Kamala Girls School at Ballygunge, she was the daughter of Romesh Chunder Dutt. His father was Pramatha Nath Bose, a geologist and palaeontologist who first discovered iron deposits in Jamshedpur and was instrumental in the setting up of Jamshedpur by writing to J. N. Tata about the rich iron ore reserves.  Pramatha Nath Bose is credited with the setting up of the first soap factory in India
Ged Peck
Ged Peck (19 October 1947 – 10 January 2015) was an English musician who played in several bands - mainly backing work with Billy Fury, Vince Eager, Tommy Quickly when he was managed by Brian Epstein, Americans Bob & Earl who had a hit single with Harlem Shuffle, The Flower Pot Men, the Pirates, singers Marsha Hunt, Billie Davis, Screaming Lord Sutch and David Garrick, whilst doing numerous studio sessions.

He recorded for the BBC with Billy Fury, Marsha Hunt, Billie Davis and James Royal, whilst playing on an early recording by Marc Bolan which was produced by Mike Hurst of The Springfields.

Harlem Shuffle
"Harlem Shuffle" is an R&B song written and originally recorded by the duo Bob & Earl in 1963. The song describes a dance called the “Harlem Shuffle”, and mentions several other contemporary dances of the early 1960s, including the Monkey Shine, the Limbo, the Hitch hike, the Slide, and the Pony. The opening horn fanfare intro from the original 1963 recording was sampled by House of Pain for their 1992 hit "Jump Around".

In 1986, it was covered by the British rock band the Rolling Stones on their album Dirty Work.
Sophiatown (film)
Sophiatown is a 2003 documentary film. Sophiatown in the 1950s was a suburb of Johannesburg South Africa where all races mixed in defiance of apartheid. Sophiatown was famous for jazz and black gangsters heavily influenced by American film who spoke a slang called Tsotsitaal.

This era is revisited by some of the artists who lived there and they call back the past in two concerts.

Tsotsitaal and Camtho
Tsotsitaal is a South African vernacular dialect derived from a variety of mixed languages mainly spoken in the townships of Gauteng province (such as Soweto, Soshanguve, Tembisa), but also in other agglomerations all over South Africa. Tsotsi is a Sesotho, Pedi or Tswana slang word for a "thug" or "robber" or "criminal", possibly from the verb "ho lotsa" "to sharpen", whose meaning has been modified in modern times to include "to con". The word taal in Afrikaans means  "language".

A tsotsitaal is built over the grammar of one or several languages, in which terms from other languages or specific terms created by the community of speakers are added. It is a permanent work of language-mix, language-switch, and terms-coining.
My Love for You (Has Turned to Hate)
"My Love for You (Has Turned to Hate)" is a song written and recorded by Hank Williams. It was his third single released on Sterling Records in April 1947.
After issuing two singles containing mostly spiritual music, "My Love for You (Has Turned to Hate)" was the kind of bitter love song that Williams would become famous for, its narrator turning away a remorseful lover who wishes to come back.  It was recorded on February 13, 1947 in Nashville with Fred Rose producing and featured Tommy Jackson (fiddle), Dale "Smokey" Lohman (steel guitar), Zeke Turner (electric guitar), and Louis Innis (bass). Like his previous two releases on Sterling, the single did not chart, but they did well enough for Hank to eventually land a contract with MGM Records in April 1947.

Sterling Records (US)
Sterling Records Inc. was a small New York record label active from 1945 to 1947. Sterling's first record, with number 100, was Lillette Thomas and her Boys' 78rpm "Blues for My Daddy". The record company ceased issuing in 1947, and in 1948 Al Trace sued Sterling and obtained an injunction against their use of his name on a recording. Sterling Records, LLC is now a South Florida-based record company owned and operated by Stephen Caputo and Joe Brickman.
Radek Ťoupal
Radek Ťoupal (born August 16, 1966 in Písek, Czechoslovakia) is a former ice hockey player. His debut in Czechoslovak ice hockey league came in season 1982/1983, playing for HC České Budějovice, when he was only 16. During an army duty spent two years playing for Slovakian club HC Dukla Trenčín. He played on 1992 Bronze Medal winning Olympic ice hockey team for Czechoslovakia and also on Bronze Medal winning 1993 World Championships. Drafted 6th round draft choice of the Edmonton Oilers in 1987. Radek earned a university degree and is qualified to be a teacher. He left professional ice hockey in 2001.

HK Dukla Trenčín
Hokejový Klub Dukla Trenčín is a professional Slovak ice hockey club based in Trenčín, playing in the Slovak Extraliga. The club has won three Slovak league championships (1994, 1997, 2004) and one Czechoslovak league championship (1992). The team is nicknamed Vojaci, meaning "Soldiers" in English.
Truuli Peak
Truuli Peak is a mountain summit located in the Kenai Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska. At 6,612 ft (2,015 m), Truuli Peak is the highest mountain in the Kenai Mountains on the Kenai Peninsula in southern Alaska. It is located in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge in the southwest of the Harding Icefield between the Chernof and Truuli glaciers.

The closest higher peak is Mount Redoubt, 143 km (89 mi) away in the Chigmit Mountains west of the Cook Inlet.

The first ascent of the Truuli Peaks took place in 1968 under the direction of Vinn Hoeman as part of the first recorded crossing of the Harding Icefield, which led from Kachemak Bay to the Exit Glacier. The name "Truuli" was given by Hoeman and comes from the Indian name for the Kenai Mountains.

Kenai National Wildlife Refuge
The Kenai National Wildlife Refuge is a 1.92-million-acre (7,770 km2) wildlife habitat preserve located on the Kenai Peninsula of Alaska, United States. It is adjacent to Kenai Fjords National Park. This refuge was created in 1941 as the Kenai National Moose Range, but in 1980 it was changed to its present status by the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. The refuge is administered from offices in Soldotna. The Kenai Wilderness protects 1,354,247 acres of the refuge as wilderness area.
Downings Roads Moorings
Downings Roads Moorings is a mooring for barges on the River Thames near Tower Bridge that is home to a small community of houseboat dwellers in Central London. In 2003 and 2004, they were threatened with eviction by Southwark Council. The members of the community appealed. The then Mayor of London Ken Livingstone commented in a letter to Southwark Council that "The principle of retaining the moorings is supported by the London Plan policy 4C.19 and supporting text contained in paragraphs 4.117 and 4.118. The mix of uses proposed for these moorings should be seen as broadly acceptable in the context of a multi functional Blue Ribbon Network as long as there are appropriate amenity and environmental safeguards in place.". Their eviction was quashed in late 2004.

As of 2013, the walkways between the moorings have been turned into a water-borne urban garden, known as the Floating Barge Gardens or Garden Barge Square.

Central London
Central London is the innermost part of London, in England, spanning the City of London and several boroughs. Over time, a number of definitions have been used to define the scope of Central London for statistics, urban planning and local government. Its characteristics are understood to include a high-density built environment, high land values, an elevated daytime population and a concentration of regionally, nationally and internationally significant organisations and facilities.

Road distances to London are traditionally measured from a central point at Charing Cross (in the City of Westminster), which is marked by the statue of King Charles I at the junction of the Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street, just south of Trafalgar Square.
Northern Football League
The Northern League is a British men's football league in north east England. Having been founded in 1889, it is the second-oldest football league in the world still in existence after the English Football League.

It contains two divisions; Division One and Division Two. Division One sits on the ninth tier of the English football league system, five divisions below the Football League. These leagues cover the historic counties of Durham, Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmorland and Yorkshire's North Riding. The champion club of Division One is promoted to the lower division of the Northern Premier League.

Westmorland
Westmorland (/ˈwɛstmərlənd/, formerly also spelt Westmoreland) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The area included part of the Lake District and the southern Vale of Eden, and its inhabitants were known as Westmerians.

The county had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria together with Cumberland, the Sedbergh area of Yorkshire, and the Furness area of Lancashire. It gives its name to the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area, which covers a larger area than the historic county.
74th Flying Training Wing (U.S. Army Air Forces)
The 74th Flying Training Wing was wing of the United States Army Air Forces.  It was last assigned to the Eastern Flying Training Command, and was disbanded on 30 December 1945 at Maxwell Field, Alabama.

The wing's mission was to provide classification and preflight testing of aviation cadets.  It was one of three such centers, the others being at Maxwell Field, Alabama and Santa Ana Army Air Base, California.

Santa Ana Army Air Base
Santa Ana Army Air Base (SAAAB) was a World War II-era air base located near Santa Ana, California. The air base was decommissioned in 1946, and part of the land was annexed by Costa Mesa in 1953. The air base was used for basic training, although it did not have planes, hangars or runways. The base was 1,336 acres (5.41 km2), and the main section of the base was located between Baker Street to the north, Harbor Boulevard to the west, Wilson Street on the south, and Newport Boulevard on the east. The land formerly occupied by the air base is today the home of John Wayne Airport, the Orange County Fairgrounds, and Orange Coast College.
1989 Hockey East men's ice hockey tournament
The 1989 Hockey East Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 5th tournament in the history of the conference. It was played between March 3 and March 11, 1989. Quarterfinal games were played at home team campus sites, while the final four games were played at the newly opened Conte Forum in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, the home venue of the Boston College Eagles. This was the final year the Hockey East championship was decided at a home venue to one of its member teams (as of 2014). By winning the tournament, Maine received the Hockey East's automatic bid to the 1989 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey
The Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey is an (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents the University of Maine. The Black Bears are a member of Hockey East. Home games are played at Harold Alfond Sports Arena commonly known as Alfond Arena in Orono, Maine.

The Black Bears have appeared in 11 Frozen Fours, have a 29-21 record in NCAA Tournament games, and have won two national championships—in 1993 and 1999.
Londesborough Arms, Seamer
The Londesborough Arms is a historic pub in Seamer, a village near Scarborough, North Yorkshire, in England.

The building was constructed as a manor house, in the early or mid 18th century, and was later converted into a pub.  It was extended and remodelled in the early 19th century and was further altered in the 20th century.  The building was grade II listed in 1967.  It was renovated in 2016 at a cost of £200,000, at which time it was owned by Punch Taverns.  By 2023, it was owned by Heineken's Star Pubs, which invested £125,000 in work which included creating four additional bedrooms, to add to the existing nine.

The pub is constructed of painted sandstone on a plinth, partly rendered, with a hipped slate roof. It has two storeys, and a front of three bays, the outer days projecting and linked by a slated porch. On the right return is a doorway with attached columns, paterae, and an open pediment. The windows are sashes, some horizontally sliding.

Scarborough, North Yorkshire
Scarborough (/ˈskɑːbrə/) is a seaside town and civil parish in the district and ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. With a population of 61,749, Scarborough is the largest town on the Yorkshire Coast and the fourth-largest settlement in the county.

located on the North Sea coast, and is on the Cleveland Way long distance footpath which follows the coast through the town. Historically in the North Riding of Yorkshire, the town lies between 10 and 230 feet (3–70 m) above sea level, from Scarborough Harbour rising steeply north and west towards limestone cliffs. The older part of the town lies around the harbour and is protected by a rocky headland that extends into the North Sea.

The town has fishing and service industries, including a growing digital and creative economy, and is a tourist destination. Residents of the town are known as Scarborians.
Singapore at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Singapore competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics held in Beijing, People's Republic of China from 8 to 24 August 2008.

The following athletes have qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics, although the final selection of names for some events may change are dependent on the relevant sports bodies, and all athletes require approval from the Singapore National Olympic Council.

On 17 August 2008, Singapore won its first Olympic medal as an independent nation in the women's table tennis team event, 48 years after its first medal (then as a British colony) – also a silver – by Tan Howe Liang in the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Tan Howe Liang
Tan Howe Liang, PJG (simplified Chinese: 陈浩亮; traditional Chinese: 陳浩亮; pinyin: Chén Hàoliàng; 5 May 1933 – 3 December 2024) was a Singaporean weightlifter who was the first Singaporean to win an Olympic Games medal. He did so in the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome where he won the silver medal in the lightweight category. Tan also broke the oldest-standing world record in the lightweight category in the clean and jerk in 1958. He was the only Singaporean Olympic medalist until the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Gatum Gatum
Gatum Gatum (1958−1985) was an Australian Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 1963 Melbourne Cup.

Despite winning the 1961 SAJC South Australian Derby as a three-year-old and a second placing in the 1963 Caulfield Cup he carried just 7 st 12 lb (50 kg) to victory in the Cup.

His owner, Malcolm Reid had bred the 1945 Melbourne Cup winner Rainbird but had sold her as a filly to his brother Clifford.

Stone (unit)
The stone or stone weight (abbreviation: st.) is an English and British imperial unit of mass equal to 14 avoirdupois pounds (6.35 kg). The stone continues in customary use in the United Kingdom and Ireland for body weight.

England and other Germanic-speaking countries of Northern Europe formerly used various standardised "stones" for trade, with their values ranging from about 5 to 40 local pounds (2.3 to 18.1 kg) depending on the location and objects  weighed. With the advent of metrication, Europe's various "stones" were superseded by or adapted to the kilogram from the mid-19th century onward.
Canterò
Canterò is the second album by French singer Amaury Vassili. It was released on 26 November 2010. It was followed up by a new edition in 2011 containing his 2011 Eurovision Song Contest hit single "Sognu".

Amaury Vassili
Amaury Vassili Chotard (born 8 June 1989) is a French opera singer and professional tenor. His debut album, Vincerò (2009), went double platinum in France, and he has had international success with releases in Canada, South Africa, and South Korea.
The Crooked E: The Unshredded Truth About Enron
The Crooked E: The Unshredded Truth About Enron is an American television movie aired by CBS in January 2003, which was based on the book Anatomy of Greed by Brian Cruver. The film, which stars Brian Dennehy, Christian Kane and Mike Farrell, and was directed by Penelope Spheeris, was a ratings hit for the network.

Penelope Spheeris
Penelope Spheeris (born December 2, 1945) is an American filmmaker. Her best-known works include The Decline of Western Civilization trilogy of music documentaries (1981–98), each covering an aspect of Los Angeles underground culture, and has been referred to as a "rock 'n roll anthropologist". She is also known for directing the comedy films Wayne's World (1992, her highest-grossing film), Dudes (1987) and The Beverly Hillbillies (1993).
Bardufoss concentration camp
The Bardufoss concentration camp was located in Northern Norway in Målselv Municipality. During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany, the Nazi authorities established a "concentration camp in the town of Bardufoss," as an annex to the Grini concentration camp. It opened in March 1944 to alleviate overflowing in other camps, particularly Grini and the Falstad concentration camp. Situated in a cold climate, it was notorious for its hard work regime, sparse rations, and inadequate shelter. It is estimated that some 800 prisoners passed through the camp, and when liberated about 550 were incarcerated.

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
10th Spetsnaz Brigade
The 10th Separate Special Purpose Brigade (Russian: 10-я отдельная бригада специального назначения, romanized: 10-ya otdelnaya brigada spetsialnogo naznacheniya) is a spetsnaz military formation of the Russian Federation subordinate to the Spetsnaz GRU. It is based in Molkino, Krasnodar Krai. Its military unit number is 51532.

Military organization
Military organization (AE) or military organisation (BE) is the structuring of the armed forces of a state so as to offer such military capability as a national defense policy may require. Formal military organization tends to use hierarchical forms (see Modern hierarchy for terminology and approximate troop strength per hierarchical unit).

In some countries, paramilitary forces are included in a nation's armed forces, though not considered military. Armed forces that are not a part of military or paramilitary organizations, such as insurgent forces, often emulate military organizations, or use these structures.
Genesis Archive 2: 1976–1992
Genesis Archive #2: 1976–1992 is the second box set by English rock band Genesis. It was released on 6 November 2000 on Virgin and Atlantic Records as the follow-up to their previous retrospective box set, Genesis Archive 1967–75 (1998). This set covers the band's history post 1975, when drummer Phil Collins replaced original lead singer Peter Gabriel.

Tony Banks (musician)
Anthony George Banks (born 27 March 1950) is an English musician primarily known as the keyboardist and founding member of the rock band Genesis. Banks is also a prolific solo artist, releasing six solo studio albums that range through progressive rock, pop, and classical music.

Banks co-founded Genesis in 1967 while studying at Charterhouse. He was their keyboardist and one of their principal songwriters and lyricists. He became a frequent user of the Hammond T-102 organ, Mellotron, ARP Pro Soloist and Yamaha CP-70 piano. In the band's earliest years Banks would play acoustic guitar for some of the mellow and pastoral songs.

In 2010, Banks was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Genesis. In 2011, he was included on MusicRadar's list of the 27 greatest keyboard players of all time. In 2015, he was named "Prog God" at the Progressive Music Awards.
Upgrade (film)
Upgrade is a 2018 cyberpunk action horror film written and directed by Leigh Whannell, and starring Logan Marshall-Green, Betty Gabriel, and Harrison Gilbertson. Upgrade follows a technophobe who is implanted with a chip that allows him to control his body after a mugging left him paralyzed. The film was produced by Jason Blum, under his Blumhouse Productions banner.

After premiering on 10 March 2018 at South by Southwest, Upgrade was released on 1 June 2018 in the United States by OTL Releasing and Blumhouse Tilt, and on 14 June in Australia. The film made $17 million on a $3 million budget and received positive reviews from critics, who called it "one part The Six Million Dollar Man, one part Death Wish revenge fantasy", and praised its dark humor and action sequences.

Tetraplegia
Tetraplegia, also known as quadriplegia, is defined as the dysfunction or loss of motor and/or sensory function in the cervical area of the spinal cord. A loss of motor function can present as either weakness or paralysis leading to partial or total loss of function in the arms, legs, trunk, and pelvis (paraplegia is similar but affects the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral segments of the spinal cord, and arm function is retained). The paralysis may be flaccid or spastic. A loss of sensory function can present as an impairment or complete inability to sense light touch, pressure, heat, pinprick/pain, and proprioception. In these types of spinal cord injury, it is common to have a loss of both sensation and motor control.