hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
R354 (South Africa)
The R354 is a Regional Route in South Africa that connects Matjiesfontein with Calvinia via Sutherland.

Its northern origin is the R27 east of Calvinia, Northern Cape. It heads generally south-east to Sutherland. At Sutherland it meets the R356 and is co-signed heading south-west. The two routes cross the Komsberg Range at the Rooikloof and Verlatekloof passes. After about 50 kilometres, the R354 diverges and heads south-east again, before veering south and entering the Western Cape to reach the N1 at Matjiesfontein.

N1 (South Africa)
South Africa portal

The N1 is a national route in South Africa that runs from Cape Town through Bloemfontein, Johannesburg, Pretoria and Polokwane to Beit Bridge on the border with Zimbabwe. It forms the first section of the famed Cape to Cairo Road.

Prior to 1970, the N1 designation was applied to the route from Beit Bridge to Colesberg and then along the current N9 to George. The section from Cape Town to Colesberg was designated the N9.
Ricardo Pinheiro
Ricardo Miguel Furtado Pinheiro (born 28 August 1980) is a Portuguese politician serving as a member of the Assembly of the Republic since 2019. From 2009 to 2019, he served as mayor of Campo Maior. From 2017 to 2019, he served as president of Alto Alentejo. From 2020 to 2022, he served as secretary of state for planning.

Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)
The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: Assembleia da República, pronounced [ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ ðɐ ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ]), commonly referred to as simply Parliament (Portuguese: Parlamento), is the unicameral parliament of Portugal. According to the Constitution of Portugal, the parliament "is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens". The constitution names the assembly as one of the country's sovereignty bodies.

It meets in São Bento Palace, the historical site of an old Benedictine monastery. The palace has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 (Cortes until 1910, Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974).
Jogbani–Katihar line
Jogbani–Katihar line is a single 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge track from Jogbani to Katihar Junction of Bihar state. The line connects Jogbani, a vital trade hub near the Nepal border, to Katihar, a major railway junction that provides access to key routes across India. The whole line falls under Katihar Division of Northeast Frontier Railway.

Katihar
Katihar (Hindi pronunciation: [kəʈɪɦaːr]; Bengali pronunciation: [kaʈihar]), is the tenth largest city in the state of Bihar in India in terms of population, Along with being one of the largest economic, educational and administrative centre in the eastern part of Bihar. The city situated in the eastern bank of Kari Kosi river. It is the  headquarters of Katihar district and Katihar railway division of Northeast Frontier Railway. Historically, it was an important metre gauge railway station in the Bengal Presidency that linked North India with the regions of North Bengal and Northeast India. The main railway station of the city is Katihar Junction, a very important railway station on the Guwahati - Barauni railway line.
Melis van de Groep
Melis van de Groep  (born 4 March 1958 in Bunschoten) is a Dutch politician of the Reformed Political League (GPV) and his successor the ChristianUnion (ChristenUnie). Since 2006 he has been Mayor of Bunschoten.

Van de Groep was a municipal councillor as well as an alderman of Bunschoten, and a member of the provincial parliament of Utrecht between 2001 and 2007.

He belongs to the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Liberated).

Municipal executive
In the Netherlands, the municipal executive (Dutch: college van burgemeester en wethouders, oftentimes abbreviated to college van B en W; lit. 'college of mayor and aldermen') is the executive board of a municipality. It plays a central role in municipal politics in the Netherlands, similar to the communal college in Belgium. It consists of the mayor and the members of the municipal executive (aldermen).
John Vidmar
John C. Vidmar, O.P. is an associate professor of history at Providence College, Rhode Island where he also serves as provincial archivist and teaches history. Prior to his work at Providence, he served as associate professor, academic dean, acting president and prior teaching history for 15 years at the Dominican House of Studies in Washington D.C.

He also taught history at Ohio Dominican University.

He has lectured extensively at the Smithsonian Institution on the subjects of the Early Church, the Inquisition, the History of the Popes and a history of Religious Orders. Vidmar holds a Doctorate in Sacred Theology (S.T.D.) from the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum) in Rome, Italy, and a Master of Philosophy degree from the University of Edinburgh (Scotland) in Ecclesiastical History.

Providence College
Providence College is a private Catholic university in Providence, Rhode Island. Founded in 1917 by the Dominican Order and the Diocese of Providence, it offers 47 undergraduate majors and 17 graduate programs.

The college requires all of its undergraduate students to complete 16 credits in the Development of Western Civilization, a major part of the college's core curriculum. In the spring of 2021, it enrolled 4,128 undergraduate students and 688 graduate students for a total enrollment of 4,816 students. In athletics, Providence College competes in NCAA Division I, and is a founding member of the original Big East Conference and Hockey East. It was part of the original six other basketball-centric Catholic colleges which broke off from the original Big East (today's American Athletic Conference) to form the current Big East at the start of the 2013–14 academic year.
Religion in the Outer Hebrides
The Outer Hebrides are a unique religious area in contemporary Scotland. The northern island (Lewis and Harris) is dominated by Calvinist "free churches", and has been described as "the last bastion of Sabbath observance in the UK". It is also home to a unique form of Gaelic psalm singing known as precenting. The southern islands of South Uist and Barra are the last remnants of native pre-Reformation Scottish Catholicism. Barra was once dubbed "the island the Reformation did not reach".

The Outer Hebrides are also home to some of Britain's most important pre-Christian religious sites. The most significant is the Callanish Stones on the isle of Lewis, which are  notable megalithic sites dating back some 5000 years.

Precentor
A precentor is a person who helps facilitate worship. The details vary depending on the religion, denomination, and era in question. The Latin derivation is præcentor, from cantor, meaning "the one who sings before" (or alternatively, "first singer").
Dağlı, Erdemli
Dağlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Erdemli, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 824 (2022). It is  situated in the forests of the Taurus Mountains. Its distance to Erdemli is 19 kilometres (12 mi) and to Mersin is 29 kilometres (18 mi).

The village is known for the ruins of the ancient Dağlı Castle (Turkish: Dağlı kalesi) which require restoration. There is also an ancient public fountain. The main economic activity of the village is fruit farming. Citrus and tomato are the main crops, but recently, olive has been replacing the traditional crops.

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Apocalypse (Thundercat album)
Apocalypse is the second studio album by American musician Thundercat. It was released in July 9, 2013 under the label Brainfeeder.

In February 2014, Thundercat released a double video on the MySpace website for the 10th and 11th tracks from the album, respectively titled "Evangelion" and "We'll Die", which were both directed by the photographer B+ (Brian Cross), who also shot the album art.

B+ (photographer)
Brian Cross (born in 1966), better known as B+ (sometimes stylized as B Plus), is an Irish photographer and filmmaker based in Los Angeles, California. He is a co-founder of Mochilla, a film and music production company. He predominantly photographed the Los Angeles' hip hop scene in the 1990s as well as helped create album art for a number of artists including Q-Tip, Eazy-E, Damian Marley, DJ Shadow, and J Dilla.
Fred Andrews (rugby union)
Fred Andrews (15 September 1864 – 2 June 1929) was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Swansea Rugby Football Club.

Andrews gained his first international cap, when he was selected to play for Charlie Newman's Wales, against England on 5 January 1884. This was the first rugby international to be played in Yorkshire with the game held at Cardigan Field in Leeds. Although Wales lost the match, it was a landmark game with Wales scoring their first try against England. Andrews was selected for the next match in the 1884 Home Nations Championship, seven days later, this time facing Scotland. Wales lost again, though both Scottish tries were heavily disputed. Andrews was never reselected to represent Wales.

Swansea RFC
Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team which plays in the Super Rygbi Cymru. The club play at St Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground in Swansea and are also known as The Whites, in reference to their home kit colours.
Robin D. Gill
Robin Dallas Gill, born in 1951 at Miami Beach, Florida, USA, and brought up on the island of Key Biscayne in the Florida Keys, is a bilingual author in Japanese and English.

He first wrote extensively on stereotypes of Japanese identity before moving on to publishing his research on (as well as translations of) Japanese poetry, especially the genres of haiku and senryū. Since 2013, he has been engaged in writing in Japanese for a Japanese audience, hoping to help, via introductions to the comic traditions of Japanese poetry, to shake Japan out of its "cultural doldrums". Much of his output has, according to Gill's own testimony, been done while a pauper for much of his life.

He is considered a 'maverick' writer within the field of Western studies on Edo-period poetry. He writes haiku in Japanese under the haigō (haikai pen-name) Keigu (敬愚:'Yours foolishly', an homophonous pun on 敬具:'Yours truly').

Nihonjinron
Nihonjinron (日本人論: treatises on Japaneseness) is a genre of ethnocentric nationalist literary work that focuses on issues of Japanese national and cultural identity. Nihonjinron posits concepts such as Japanese being a "unique isolate, having no known affinities with any other race", and has been described as racist.

Nihonjinron literature flourished during a publishing boom  after World War II with books and articles aiming to analyze, explain, or explore Japanese culture and cultural mindset.
Štěpán Janáček
Štěpán Janáček (Czech pronunciation: [ˈʃcɛpaːn ˈjanaːtʃɛk]; born 12 June 1977 in Prague) is a Czech former pole vaulter.

He finished eighth at the 2001 World Indoor Championships, second at the 2001 Summer Universiade and fifth at the 2002 European Championships. He also competed at the World Championships in 1999, 2001 and 2003 as well as the 2000, 2004 and 2008 Olympic Games without reaching the finals.

His personal best jump is 5.76 metres, achieved in June 2002 in Prague. The Czech record is currently held by Adam Ptáček with 5.80 metres.

He is married to a Polish former sprinter, Grażyna Prokopek.

2003 World Championships in Athletics
The 9th World Championships in Athletics (French: Championnats du monde d'athlétisme 2003), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held from 23 August to 31 August 2003 in the streets of Paris and the Stade de France in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, France.
Mahmut Yıldırım
Mahmut Yıldırım (born 3 May 1953) is a Turkish counter-guerrilla and spy of Zaza origin. Yildirim, who identified himself to the public as Ahmet Demir but was called by the code-name Yeşil among intelligence, disappeared in 1998. In 1999, he was the subject of an Interpol red notice. In 2013, security guard Korkut Eken claimed that he was still alive. Among the murders he is accused of is that of Cem Ersever in 1993.

Korkut Eken
Korkut Eken (born 1945) is a former Turkish military officer and National Intelligence Organization (MİT) agent. He became involved in the Susurluk scandal in Turkey after some of his subordinates, notably Ayhan Çarkın, were convicted of extrajudicial killings. In 2001, among the first convictions arising from the scandal, Eken was found guilty of establishing and managing a criminal gang with the aim of "creating panic in society" and sentenced to six years in prison.
Aeoloplides turnbulli
Aeoloplides turnbulli, known generally as thistle grasshopper, is a species of spur-throated grasshopper in the family Acrididae. Other common names include the Russian thistle grasshopper and saltbush grasshopper. It is found in North America.

Acrididae
Acrididae are the predominant family of grasshoppers, comprising some 10,000 of the 11,000 species of the entire suborder Caelifera. The Acrididae are best known because all locusts (swarming grasshoppers) are of the Acrididae. The subfamily Oedipodinae is sometimes classified as a distinct family Oedipodidae in the superfamily Acridoidea. Acrididae grasshoppers are characterized by relatively short and stout antennae (so they may be called "short-horned grasshoppers"), and tympana on the side of the first abdominal segment.
Colin Dunford
Colin Dunford (born 15 September 1994) is an Irish hurler who plays for Waterford Intermediate Championship club Colligan and at inter-county level with the Waterford senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a right corner-forward.

Waterford county hurling team
The Waterford county hurling team represents Waterford in hurling and is governed by Waterford GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Waterford's home grounds are Walsh Park, Waterford, and Fraher Field, Dungarvan. The team's manager is Peter Queally.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2010, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1959 and the National League in 2022.

The team is nicknamed the Déise men.
Chatham Waters
Chatham Waters is a large-scale urban regeneration project on a 26-acre waterfront site in Gillingham, Kent, between the River Medway and Gillingham Gate. Formerly part of the 75-acre Chatham Docks (a commercial port distinct from the nearby Chatham Historic Dockyard), the site was acquired by Peel Land & Property in 2006.

River Medway
The River Medway is a river in South East England. It rises in the High Weald, West Sussex and flows through Tonbridge, Maidstone and the Medway conurbation in Kent, before emptying into the Thames Estuary near Sheerness, a total distance of 70 miles (113 km). About 13 miles (21 km) of the river lies in East Sussex, with the remainder being in Kent.

The Medway has a catchment area of 930 square miles (2,409 km2), the second largest in southern England after the Thames. The map opposite shows only the major tributaries: a more detailed map shows the extensive network of smaller streams feeding into the main river. Those tributaries rise from points along the North Downs, the Weald and Ashdown Forest.
William Matthews (politician)
William Matthews (April 26, 1755 – c. 1808) was an American politician.  He was born in Cecil County, Maryland, and was a judge of the Cecil County Court in 1778, 1780, and 1782–1786.  He was a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1786 to 1789.

He was later elected from the sixth district of Maryland as a Federalist to the Fifth Congress, serving from March 4, 1797, to March 3, 1799.  In this position he was both preceded and succeeded by the Democratic-Republican Gabriel Christie. He also previously ran against Christie in 1792. He is interred in his family's graveyard in Cecil County.

Cecil County, Maryland
Cecil County is located in the U.S. state of Maryland at the northeastern corner of the state, bordering both Pennsylvania and Delaware. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 103,725. The county seat is Elkton. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

The county was named for Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), the first Proprietary Governor of the Province (colony) of Maryland. With the eastern part of the county closer to Philadelphia than Baltimore, it is part of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is located in Wilmington's Radio Market and Baltimore's Designated Market Area.
Hitching tie
The hitching tie is a simple knot used to tie off stuff sacks that allows quick access as it unties quickly. To untie the knot, just pull hard on the free end of the rope and the knot will fall open. This is simply a noose or slip knot, with the loop tightened around an object. This is not a very strong knot for climbing or other extreme activities.

Extreme sport
Action sports, adventure sports or extreme sports are activities perceived as involving a high degree of risk of injury or death. These activities often involve speed, height, a high level of physical exertion and highly specialized gear. Extreme tourism overlaps with extreme sport. The two share the same main attraction, "adrenaline rush" caused by an element of risk, and differ mostly in the degree of engagement and professionalism.
Exit Smiling
Exit Smiling is a 1926 American silent comedy film directed by Sam Taylor and starring New York and London revues star Beatrice Lillie in her first (and only silent) film role and Jack Pickford, the brother of star Mary Pickford. The film was also the debut of actor Franklin Pangborn. This film is available on DVD from the Warner Archives Collection.

Sam Taylor (director)
Sam Taylor (August 13, 1895 – March 6, 1958) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer, most active in the silent film era. Taylor is best known for his comedic directorial work with Harold Lloyd and Mary Pickford, and also later worked with Laurel and Hardy. He was born in New York City.

A notorious cinematic legend over the decades has suggested that Taylor's 1929 adaptation of Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew had the screen credit "additional dialogue by Sam Taylor". However, no extant prints of the film contain this credit, and there is no documentary evidence that it ever existed.

Taylor directed eight feature films with Lloyd as star, with a number of them being co-directed with Fred C. Newmeyer. Taylor also directed Pickford in her first "talkie" feature with Coquette (1929), which garnered the latter an Academy Award.

Taylor died at the age of 62 in Santa Monica, California.
Holabird & Root
The architectural firm now known as Holabird & Root was founded in Chicago in 1880. Over the years, the firm has changed its name several times and adapted to the architectural style then current — from Chicago School to Art Deco to Modern Architecture to Sustainable Architecture.

Holabird & Root provides architectural, engineering, interior design, and planning services.  It is Chicago's oldest architecture firm. The firm remains a privately held partnership currently operating with five principals and four associate principals.

Sustainable architecture
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings through improved efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, development space and the ecosystem at large.  Sometimes, sustainable architecture will also focus on the social aspect of sustainability as well. Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.

The concept of sustainability, or ecological design, ensures that the use of current resources does not adversely affect future society's well-being or render it impossible to obtain resources for other uses in the long term.
Jugendkulturhaus Dynamo
Jugendkulturhaus Dynamo (transl. "Youth Cultural Center Dynamo"), also known as the Drahtschmidli, is a youth center in Zürich, Switzerland. The space hosts workshops, concerts, and plays. It also includes a restaurant and club.

Cultural center
A cultural center or cultural centre is an organization, building or complex that promotes culture and arts. Cultural centers can be neighborhood community arts organizations, private facilities, government-sponsored, or activist-run.
Andreas Tilliander
Berndt Andreas Tilliander (born 1977) is a Swedish electronica, drone and techno producer who significantly contributed to the evolution of the 'clicks & cuts' genre with his first albums Cliphop (Raster.Noton) and Ljud (Mille Plateaux). He has recorded music under many names (Lowfour, Mokira, Rechord, TM404 and more) and worked with some of Europe's influential electronic music labels. He has been awarded a Swedish Grammy music award in 2005, after two consecutive nominations. He also works with Familjen as a live musician. The song "Arlanda" (from Show (2009), featuring vocals from Jocke Berg of the band Kent.

A native of Hässleholm, Tilliander now resides in Stockholm, where he runs Repeatle Studios and apart from creating his own music, works as a mastering engineer for several record labels. He also works for the radio show Elektroniskt (previously, Ström), broadcast on Sveriges Radio P2.

Hässleholm Municipality
Hässleholm Municipality (Swedish: Hässleholms kommun) is a municipality in Scania County in southern Sweden.  Its seat is located in the city Hässleholm.

The present municipality was created in 1974 when the former City of Hässleholm, itself incorporated in 1914, was amalgamated with seven surrounding municipalities.  In 1863, there were 29 local government units, all rural, in the area.

The municipal coat of arms was granted in 1920 and registered for the new municipality in 1974. The cross symbolizes the railway junction, which is the origin of the town Hässleholm. The hazelnuts allude to the name Hässleholm, which roughly translates as "Hazel-isle".
The International Lawyer
The International Lawyer is a quarterly peer-reviewed law journal  and the official publication of the American Bar Association's (ABA) Section of International Law and Practice. It was established in 1966 and has been based at Southern Methodist University since 1986. The journal focuses primarily on practical issues of international law, including international trade, licensing, direct investment, finance, taxation, litigation, and dispute resolution.

Foreign direct investment
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an ownership stake in a company, made by a foreign investor, company, or government from another country. More specifically, it describes a controlling ownership of an asset in one country by an entity based in another country. The magnitude and extent of control, therefore, distinguishes it from a foreign portfolio investment or foreign indirect investment. Foreign direct investment includes expanding operations or purchasing a company in the target country.