hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tamil Nadu State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
Tamil Nadu State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission is an autonomous, statutory and constitutional institution formed as a quasi judicial body in Tamil Nadu under Section 24-B of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 to protect the rights of consumers. It is a system of alternate dispute resolution between conflicting parties during the process of trade. The president of the States Consumer Disputes Redressal  Commission is appointed by the state government in consultation with the Chief Justice of state high court.

Consumer Protection Act, 1986
Consumer Protection Act 1986 (COPRA) was an Act by the Parliament of India aimed at protecting the interests of consumers in India. It was replaced by the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. It was made for the establishment of consumer councils and other authorities for the settlement of consumer's dispute and matters connected with it.
Keith Tritton
Keith Peter Tritton (born 1944) is a British astronomer and observatory manager who has worked in various different parts of the world. He joined the Royal Greenwich Observatory (then at Herstmonceux in Sussex) in 1967 as a research astronomer and later worked at the Radcliffe Observatory in South Africa and the Royal Observatory Edinburgh. He spent a number of years as a university lecturer in the Philippines and in Thailand. His particular interest is observational astronomy. He was head of the UK Schmidt Telescope in Australia and of the Isaac Newton Group of telescopes in the Canary Islands. In 1987, he returned to the Royal Greenwich Observatory and moved with them to Cambridge in 1990, where he became head of the Astronomy Division. He took early retirement in 1997. Between 1995 and 2011 he was an Associate Lecturer in astronomy and planetary science with the Open University.

He is the discoverer of comet 157P/Tritton.

The asteroid 46442 Keithtritton is named after him.

Radcliffe Observatory
Radcliffe Observatory was the astronomical observatory of the University of Oxford from 1773 until 1934, when the Radcliffe Trustees sold it and built a new observatory in Pretoria, South Africa. It is a Grade I listed building. Today, the building forms part of Green Templeton College of the University of Oxford.
Audiere
Audiere is a high-level audio API. It can play Ogg Vorbis, MP3, FLAC, uncompressed WAV, AIFF, MOD, S3M, XM, and IT files. For audio output, Audiere supports DirectSound or WinMM in Windows, OSS on Linux and Cygwin, and SGI AL on IRIX.

Audiere is open-source and licensed under the LGPL. This means that you may freely use Audiere in commercial products, as long as you do not modify the source code. If you do modify Audiere and release a product that uses your modifications, you must release your changes to the code under the LGPL as well.

Audiere is portable. It is tested on Windows, Linux-i386, Cygwin, and IRIX with at least three major compilers. Most of Audiere is endian-independent, so expect it to work with few modifications on other architectures.

Audiere does not support three-dimensional positional audio.

Impulse Tracker
Impulse Tracker is a multi-track music tracker (music sequencer). Originally released in 1995 by Jeffrey Lim as freeware with commercial extensions, it was one of the last tracker programs for the DOS platform.

In 2014, on its 20th anniversary, Impulse Tracker became open-source software and the source code was released.
Jørgen Andersen
Jørgen Marius Andersen (20 February 1886 – 30 May 1973) was a Norwegian gymnast who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics and in the 1920 Summer Olympics.

As a member of the Norwegian team, he won a bronze medal in the gymnastics team, Swedish system event in 1912. Eight years later, he was part of the Norwegian team, which won the silver medal in the gymnastics team, free system event.

Gymnastics at the 1920 Summer Olympics
The competition of gymnastics at the 1920 Summer Olympics was held from Monday 23 to Friday 27 August 1920 at the Beerschot Stadium in Antwerp. Four events were contested and only men were allowed to compete.
Integer points in convex polyhedra
The study of integer points in convex polyhedra is motivated by questions such as "how many nonnegative integer-valued solutions does a system of linear equations with nonnegative coefficients have" or "how many solutions does an integer linear program have". Counting integer points in convex polyhedra or other questions about them arise in representation theory, commutative algebra, algebraic geometry,  statistics, and computer science.

The set of integer points, or, more generally, the set of points of an affine lattice,  in a polyhedron is called Z-polyhedron, from the mathematical notation  or Z for the set of integer numbers.

Alexander Barvinok
Alexander I. Barvinok (born March 27, 1963) is a Russian American mathematician and a professor of mathematics at the University of Michigan.

Barvinok received his Ph.D. from St. Petersburg State University in 1988 under the supervision of Anatoly Moiseevich Vershik.

In 1999, Barvinok received the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) from President Bill Clinton.

Barvinok gave an invited talk at the 2006 International Congress of Mathematicians in Madrid.

In 2012, Barvinok became a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

In 2023, Barvinok left the American Mathematical Society by refusing to renew his membership in protest of its non-opposition to "DEI statements" and "compelled language", referencing his experiences in the Soviet Union.
Caladenia woolcockiorum
Caladenia woolcockiorum, commonly known as Woolcock's spider orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to South Australia. It has a single, long, erect, hairy leaf and one or two cream-coloured to greenish-yellow flowers recognised by their long, drooping lateral sepals and petals with their ends having dark glandular tips and by the red-tipped  labellum.

Gland (botany)
In plants, a gland is defined functionally as a plant structure which secretes one or more products.  This may be located on or near the plant surface and secrete externally, or be internal to the plant and secrete into a canal or reservoir.  Examples include glandular hairs, nectaries, hydathodes, and the resin canals in Pinus.
Maylandia barlowi
Maylandia barlowi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it is only known from the area around the Maleri Islands where it prefers areas with soft substrates.  This species can reach a length of 8.1 centimetres (3.2 in) SL.  It is also found in the aquarium trade. The specific name of this species honours the ichthyologist George W. Barlow (1929–2007).

George W. Barlow
George Webber Barlow (June 15, 1929 – July 14, 2007) was an American ichthyologist, an ethologist (animal behaviorist) and evolutionary biologist specializing in fish. Barlow was a well-known expert on cichlid fishes.
Vihiga District
Vihiga District was an administrative district in the Western Province of Kenya. Its capital town was Mbale. The district had a population of 498,883 (1999 census) and an area of 563 km2. Vihiga District was split from Kakamega District in 1990.  By the 2009, Vihiga itself had been split into three smaller districts of Vihiga, Emuhaya, and Hamisi. All with a combined population of 554,622; the smaller Vihiga District with a population of 221,294.

In 2010, after the promulgation of the new constitution of Kenya, counties were to be created based on the districts of Kenya as at 1992. This effectively led to the creation of Vihiga County.

Western Province (Kenya)
Western Province (Swahili: Magharibi) was one of Kenya's seven administrative provinces outside Nairobi. It is inhabited mainly by the Luhya people. Quakerism is widely practised here. Kenya's second highest mountain, Mount Elgon is located in Bungoma District. The Kakamega Forest rainforest is part of the area. The province capital was Kakamega. After the 2013 general election, and the coming into effect of Kenya's new constitution, provinces became defunct and the country is currently divided into 47 counties. Each county has its own government and therefore there is no central regional capital. Western Province became the Western region, comprising four counties: Kakamega, Bungoma, Vihiga, and Busia.

Kakamega is the seat of government for Kakamega County, Bungoma County has its seat in Bungoma town, Busia County has the Assembly in Busia, Vihiga County in Vihiga Town. All the County governments and governors are answerable to the people not to the national government.
Lowell Elementary School
There are a number of Elementary schools named Lowell Elementary School:

Lowell Elementary School (Lowell, Arkansas)

Lowell Elementary School (Santa Ana, California)

Lowell Elementary School (Fresno, California)

Lowell Elementary School (Boise, Idaho)

Lowell Elementary School (Wheaton, Illinois)

Lowell Elementary School (Indianapolis, Indiana)

Lowell Elementary School (Kansas City, Kansas), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Wyandotte County

Lowell Elementary School (Duluth, Minnesota)

Lowell Elementary School (Seattle, Washington)

Lowell Elementary School (Long Beach, California)

Metropolitan School District of Warren Township
The Metropolitan School District of Warren Township is a school district on the east side of Marion County, Indianapolis, Indiana. In 2005 it had a student enrollment of 11,800, with the total population being 94,525.

It includes one high school, three intermediate/middle schools, nine elementary schools, one pre-school (The Early Childhood Center), and one alternative school for at-risk students of middle-school and high-school age (The Renaissance School).

The district has achieved an 86% graduation rate and over 74% progression to post-secondary education.
Daggett Pass
Daggett Pass is a road mountain pass located in the Carson Range, a spur of the Sierra Nevada. It sits at an elevation of 7,343 ft (2,238 m) in Douglas County, Nevada, on the border between the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit to the west and the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest to the east. The mountain pass is traversed by State Route 207 and is frequently referred to as Kingsbury Grade.

Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest
The Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest (HTNF) is the principal U.S. National Forest in the U.S. state of Nevada, and has a smaller portion further west in Eastern California in the state of California. With an area of 6,289,821 acres (25,454.00 km2), it is the largest U.S. National Forest reservation outside of Alaska, further northwest on the North American continent.
Akram Afif
Akram Hassan Afif Yahya Afif (Arabic: أَكْرَم حَسَن عَفِيف يَحْيَى عَفِيف; born 18 November 1996) is a Qatari professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Qatar Stars League club Al Sadd and the Qatar national team.

Afif was named the Asian Footballer of the Year on two occasions, the first in 2019, after being recognized for his instrumental role in Qatar’s successful 2019 Asian Cup campaign, and the second award coming in 2023.

2019–20 Qatar Stars League
The 2019–20 Qatari League, also known as the Qatar Stars League or QNB Stars League for sponsorship reasons, was the 47th edition of top-level football championship in Qatar. Al Sadd were the defending champions.

The league was halted on 16 March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar, then later resumed on 24 July 2020.
Heinrich Brüssow
Heinrich Wilhelm Brüssow (born 21 July 1986) is a South African former professional rugby union player. His usual position was as open-side flanker and his most recent club was Northampton Saints in the English Premiership.

He played for the Free State Cheetahs in domestic South African rugby between 2006 and 2014, for the Cheetahs in Super Rugby between 2007 and 2015 and also represented South Africa between 2008 and 2015 and for the South Africa Sevens team in 2006.

Bulls (rugby union)
The Bulls (known for sponsorship reasons as the Vodacom Bulls) are a South African professional rugby union team based in Pretoria. They play their home matches at Loftus Versfeld. They compete in the United Rugby Championship, having competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020 and the domestic Currie Cup competition.

The side won the Super 14 in 2007, 2009 and 2010, placing them among the most successful teams in Super Rugby history with three titles. They were the most successful team of the Super 14 era (2006–10), winning three out of the five titles. They are the most successful South African team, and the only South African team to win a Super Rugby title.

Formerly known as Northern Transvaal the side has competed in the Currie Cup since 1937 before becoming the Bulls in 1997.
Ünal Erkan
Ünal Erkan (born 1942 in Erzurum) is a Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) politician. He was a member of the party's Central Executive Board, resigning in 2007. He was governor of the OHAL state-of-emergency region from 1992 to 1995, and had previously been head of police in Ankara and Istanbul and Chief of the General Directorate of Security (July 1991 to February 1992). He was briefly a cabinet minister in 1996 under Mesut Yılmaz for the True Path Party (DYP).

Erkan featured in Mehmet Eymür's controversial 1987 MIT Report that wrote about high-ranking civil servants and politicians such as Nevzat Ayaz, Erkan and Mehmet Ağar, alleging connections with the Turkish mafia.

Erzurum
Erzurum (Armenian: Կարին, romanized: Karin; Kurdish: Erzîrom) is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is the largest city and capital of Erzurum Province and is 1,900 meters (6,233 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 367,250 in 2010. It is the site of ancient Theodosiopolis.

The city uses the double-headed eagle as its coat-of-arms, a motif that has been a common symbol throughout Anatolia since the Bronze Age.

Erzurum has winter sports facilities, hosted the 2011 Winter Universiade, and the 2023 Winter Deaflympics (in March 2024).
Quinapril
Quinapril, sold under the brand name Accupril by the Pfizer corporation, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It is a first line treatment for high blood pressure. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include headaches, dizziness, feeling tired, and cough. Serious side effects may include liver problems, low blood pressure, angioedema, kidney problems, and high blood potassium. Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended. It is among a class of drugs called ACE inhibitors and works by decreasing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity.

Quinapril was patented in 1980 and came into medical use in 1989. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 253rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.

Angiotensin
Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin–angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex to promote sodium retention by the kidneys.

An oligopeptide, angiotensin is a hormone and a dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. Angiotensin was isolated in the late 1930s (first named "angiotonin" or "hypertensin", later renamed "angiotensin" as a consensus by the 2 groups that independently discovered it) and subsequently characterized and synthesized by groups at the Cleveland Clinic and Ciba laboratories.
HMS E44
HMS E44 was a British E-class submarine built by Swan Hunter, Wallsend. She was laid down on 8 January 1916 and was commissioned on 18 July 1916. E44 was sold for scrap in South Wales on 13 October 1921.

Wallsend
Wallsend (/ˌwɔːlzˈɛnd/) is a town in North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England, at the eastern end of Hadrian's Wall. It has a population of 43,842 and lies four miles (6.5 kilometres) east of Newcastle upon Tyne.
The Road to Ruin (play)
The Road to Ruin is a 1792 comedy play by the British writer Thomas Holcroft.

It premiered at Covent Garden in London with a cast that featured William Thomas Lewis as Goldfinch, John Quick as Mr Silky, Joseph George Holman as Harry Dornton, Richard Wilson as Mr Sulky, Joseph Shepherd Munden as Mr Dornton, George Davies Harley as Mr Milford, James Thompson as Sheriff's Officer, William Macready as Hosier, Ann Brunton Merry as Sophia, Sarah Harlowe as Jenny and Isabella Mattocks as Mrs Warren.

Joseph Shepherd Munden
Joseph Shepherd Munden (1758 – 6 February 1832) was an English actor.

He had a long provincial experience as actor and manager. His first London appearance was in 1790 at Covent Garden, where he mostly remained until 1811, becoming a leading comedian. In 1813 he was at Drury Lane. He retired in 1824.
Tysiatskii
A tysiatskii, alternatively transliterated as tysyatsky (Russian: тысяцкий, IPA: [ˈtɨsʲɪt͡skʲɪj], lit. 'thousandman', pl. тысяцкие, tysiatskie, tysyatskiye) and sometimes translated as dux or herzog, was a military leader in Kievan Rus' and later Russian city-states who commanded a people's volunteer army called a tysyacha (Russian: тысяча, lit. 'thousand'). In the Novgorod Republic, the tysiatskii evolved into a judicial or commercial official and was elected by the boyars at a veche meeting for a period of one year. In cities with no veche, the tysiatskie were appointed by the prince from among the noble boyars and could hand down their post to their sons.

Herzog
Herzog (pronounced [ˈhɛʁtsoːk] ⓘ; feminine Herzogin [ˈhɛʁtsoːɡɪn] ⓘ; masculine plural Herzöge; feminine plural Herzoginnen) is a German hereditary title held by one who rules a territorial duchy, exercises feudal authority over an estate called a duchy, or possesses a right by law or tradition to be referred to by the ducal title. The word is usually translated by the English duke and the Latin dux. Generally, a Herzog ranks below a king and above a Graf ('count'). Whether the title is deemed higher or lower than titles translated into English as prince (Fürst) is dependent upon the language, country, and era in which the titles coexisted.
Guilford Center Presbyterian Church
Guilford Center Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on County Road 36 in Guilford Center, Chenango County, New York. It was built in 1817 and is a large 1+1⁄2-story rectangular wood-frame building, five bays long and three bays wide. It has a cut-stone foundation.  It features a three-stage tower with a spire.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Spire
A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are typically made of stonework or brickwork, or else of timber structures with metal cladding, ceramic tiling, roof shingles, or slates on the exterior.

Since towers supporting spires are usually square, square-plan spires emerge directly from the tower's walls, but octagonal spires are either built above a pyramidal transition section called a broach at the spire's base, or else free spaces around the tower's summit for decorative elements like pinnacles. The former solution is known as a broach spire. Small or short spires are known as spikes, spirelets, or flèches.
Bay City State Park
Bay City State Park (previously Bay City State Recreation Area) is a 2,389-acre (967 ha) state park located on the shore of Saginaw Bay near Bay City in Bay County, Michigan, United States. The Tobico Marsh, one of the largest remaining freshwater, coastal wetlands on the Great Lakes is located in the park. The park is a haven for migratory birds and wetland wildlife. Other natural features of the park include a mile of sandy beach, over 2,000 acres (810 ha) of wetland woods, meadows, oak savannah prairies, and cattail marshes.

Typha
Typha /ˈtaɪfə/ is a genus of about 30 species of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Typhaceae. These plants have a variety of common names, in British English bulrush or (mainly historically) reedmace, in American English cattail or punks, in Australia cumbungi or bulrush, in Canada bulrush or cattail, and in New Zealand raupō, bullrush, cattail, or reed.

The genus is largely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, where it is found in a variety of wetland habitats. Although they can accumulate toxins in polluted areas, many parts of the plant are edible, including the starchy rhizomes.
Comencini
Comencini (Italian: [komenˈtʃiːni]) is an Italian surname from Lombardy and Veneto, originally indicating people from the area of Lake Como (particularly Comacine masters). Notable people with the surname include:

Cristina Comencini (born 1956), Italian film director, scriptwriter and novelist, daughter of Luigi

Fabrizio Comencini (born 1953), Italian Venetist politician

Francesca Comencini (born 1961), Italian film director and screenwriter, daughter of Luigi

Luigi Comencini (1916–2007), Italian film director

Francesca Comencini
Francesca Comencini (Italian pronunciation: [franˈtʃeska komenˈtʃiːni]; born 19 August 1961) is an Italian film director and screenwriter. She attended the Lycée français Chateaubriand school with her sisters. She has directed 14 films since 1984. Her film Le parole di mio padre was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival. In 2012, her film Un Giorno Speciale was selected to compete for the Golden Lion at the 69th Venice International Film Festival. She was married to French producer Daniel Toscan du Plantier.
2025–26 Liga 4 West Java Series 1
The 2025–26 Liga 4 West Java Series 1 was the second season of Liga 4 West Java Series 1 after the structural changes of Indonesian football competition and serves as a qualifying round for the national phase of the 2025–26 Liga 4. The competition is organised by the West Java Provincial PSSI Association.

Purwakarta Regency
Purwakarta Regency (Sundanese: ᮕᮥᮁᮝᮊᮁᮒ) is a district area located in the Province of West Java, Indonesia. The administrative capital is the large town of Purwakarta, which is approximately 80 km southeast of Jakarta and 44 km northwest of Bandung. This district borders Karawang Regency in the west and Subang Regency in the east, while to the south it borders West Bandung Regency and Cianjur Regency.

The land area of the Regency is 971.72 km2, and it had a population of 852,521 in the 2010 Census and 997,869 in the 2020 Census, while the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 1,050,344 - comprising 532,509 males and 517,835 females - for a density of 1,067.2 people per km2. The west of the regency includes the huge reservoir of the Waduk Jatiluhur (which forms a freshwater lake with a surface area of 83 km2), west of Purwakarta town and 70 km from Jakarta, created by the Jatiluhur Dam on the Tarum River.