hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wolf-Udo Ettel
Wolf-Udo Ettel (26 February 1921 – 17 July 1943) was a German World War II Luftwaffe flying ace and a posthumous recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, the highest award in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. Ettel is listed with 124 aerial victories—that is, 124 aerial combat encounters resulting in the destruction of the enemy aircraft—claimed in over 250 missions. He was killed in action by anti-aircraft artillery on 17 July 1943 over Fascist Italy.

Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe
The Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe (German: Frontflugspange) was a World War II German military decoration awarded to aircrew and certain other Luftwaffe personnel in recognition of the number of operational flights flown. It was instituted by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring on 30 January 1941. It was awarded in Bronze, Silver, and Gold with an upgrade to include diamonds possible. Pennants suspended from the clasp indicated the number of missions obtained in a given type of aircraft. Front Flying Clasps were issued for missions completed in the following Luftwaffe aircraft:

Day Fighters

Night Fighters

Long Range Night Fighters

Heavy Fighters

Air to Ground Support Fighters

Bombers

Reconnaissance

Transport and Glider

The different clasps were inaugurated on:

30 January 1941 for the Front Flying Clasp

26 June 1942 for the Pennant to the Gold Front Flying Clasp

29 April 1944 for the Pennant with number of mission
Volunteers in Police Service
The Volunteers in Police Service (VIPS) is a volunteer program that provides volunteer assistance to local police. The program is managed by the International Association of Chiefs of Police in partnership with the White House Office of the USA Freedom Corps and the Bureau of Justice Assistance, a component of the Office of Justice Programs. The program is part of the Citizen Corps partner program.

Volunteering
Volunteering is an optional and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers have specialized training in the fields that they work in, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue. Others provide their services as needed, such as in response to a natural disaster.
Rolandas Jasevičius
Rolandas Jasevicius (born 31 July 1982) is a male boxer from Lithuania.

He participated in the 2004 Summer Olympics. There he was stopped in the first round of the welterweight (69 kg) division by Turkmenistan's Aliasker Bashirov.

Jasevicius won a bronze medal in the same division six months earlier, at the 2004 European Amateur Boxing Championships in Pula, Croatia.

Boxing at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Welterweight
The welterweight boxing competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens was held from 15 to 29 August at Peristeri Olympic Boxing Hall. This is limited to those boxers weighing between 64 and 69 kilograms.
Speedway World Pairs Championship
The Speedway World Pairs Championship was a motorcycle speedway event held annually in different countries. The first competition was held in 1968, and the final competition was held in 1993.  In 1994, it was merged with the World Team Cup to create the Speedway World Cup, which held its final edition in 2017.

The concept of an international pairs championship was re-established in the form of the Speedway of Nations, held for the first time in 2018.

Speedway World Cup
The Speedway World Cup is a motorcycle speedway event for national teams held in different countries. The first edition of the competition in the current format was held in 2001 and replaced the old World Team Cup which ran from 1960 until 2000. The competition was held annually until 2017 when it was replaced by the Speedway of Nations pairs event. The Speedway World Cup returned in 2023 and will be held every three years.
Haine
The Haine (French: Haine [ɛn] ⓘ; Dutch: Hene [ɦeːnə]; German: Henne; Picard: Héne; Walloon: Hinne) is a river in southern Belgium (Hainaut) and northern France (Nord), right tributary of the river Scheldt. The Haine gave its name to the County of Hainaut, and the present province of Hainaut. Its source is in Anderlues, Belgium. As the western end of the sillon industriel, Wallonia's industrial backbone, it flows through the heavily industrialized Borinage region, notably the towns La Louvière, Mons and Saint-Ghislain. A few kilometres after crossing the border into France, the Haine flows into the Scheldt in Condé-sur-l'Escaut. Its length within Belgium is 72 km (45 mi) and the Belgian part of its drainage basin is 802 km2 (310 sq mi).

La Louvière
La Louvière (French pronunciation: [la luvjɛʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: El Lovire) is a municipality and city of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Boussoit, Haine-Saint-Paul, Haine-Saint-Pierre, Houdeng-Aimeries, Houdeng-Gœgnies, La Louvière, Maurage, Saint-Vaast, Strépy-Bracquegnies, and Trivières.

La Louvière is the capital of the Centre region, a former coal mining area in the Sillon industriel, between the Borinage to the West and the Pays Noir to the East.
Ruona J. Meyer
Ruona J. Meyer (1982), formerly called Ruona Agbroko and Ruona Agbroko-Meyer is a Nigerian investigative journalist. She was named Investigative Journalist of 2013 in Nigeria. Her work has been featured on the BBC, 234Next, Financial Times, Reuters, Daily Trust, This Day, and others. She is the first Nigerian journalist to be nominated for an International Emmy Award.

International Emmy Awards
The International Emmy Awards, or International Emmys, are part of the extensive range of Emmy Awards for artistic and technical merit for the television industry. Bestowed by the New York–based International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (IATAS), the International Emmys are presented in recognition to the best television programs initially produced and aired outside the United States. The awards are presented at the International Emmy Awards Gala, held annually in November in New York City. It attracts over 1,200 television professionals. The first International Emmys ceremony was held in 1973, expanding what was originally a U.S.-only Emmy Award.
Apra (foundation)
Apra (Abkhaz: Аԥра) is a foundation for socio-economic and political studies in Abkhazia, in opposition to the Government of President Khajimba. It was presented on 9 April 2015 by Aslan Bzhania, who had been the runner-up in the August 2014 presidential election. On 2 March 2016, it voiced its support for a planned referendum to hold an early presidential election.

Aslan Bzhania
Aslan Georgievich Bzhania (Abkhaz: Аслан Гьаргь-иԥа Бжьаниа, romanized: Aslan Gyargy-ipha Bzhyania; Georgian: ასლან გიორგის-ძე ბჟანია, romanized: aslan giorgis-dze bzhania; Russian: Аслан Георгиевич Бжания; born 6 April 1964) is an Abkhaz politician who served as the fifth president of Abkhazia from 23 April 2020 until his resignation on 19 November 2024. He was the Head of the State Security Service from 2010 to 2014, and one of the leaders of the opposition in Abkhazia from 2016. He ran in the 2019 presidential election, but was forced to withdraw due to poisoning. He won the subsequent 2020 presidential election.
Maria Tudor
Maria Tudor is an opera in four acts composed by Antônio Carlos Gomes to an Italian-language libretto by Emilio Praga (completed by Arrigo Boito). The libretto is based on Victor Hugo's 1833 play Marie Tudor, which centers on the rise, fall and execution of Fabiano Fabiani, a fictional favourite of Mary I of England. The opera premiered on 27 March 1879 at La Scala, Milan, with Anna D'Angeri in the title role and Francesco Tamagno as Fabiani. The cast also included Joseph Kaschmann as the villainous Don Gil and Édouard de Reszke as Gilberto. The opera was a failure at its premiere and withdrawn, a heavy blow to Gomes who was facing serious financial and family difficulties at the time. He returned to his native Brazil the following year.

Maria Tudor was revived in November 1998 at the Bulgarian National Opera in Sofia with Eliane Coelho in the title role. The performance was televised and a live recording released on CD by the Brazilian label ImagemData.

Antônio Carlos Gomes
Antônio Carlos Gomes (Brazilian Portuguese: [ɐ̃ˈtoni.u ˈkaʁluz ˈɡomis, ɐ̃ˈtonju -]; 11 July 1836 in Campinas – 16 September 1896 in Belém) was a Brazilian composer notable for being the first New World composer whose work was accepted by Europe. He was the only non-European who was successful as an opera composer in Italy, during the "golden age of opera" contemporary to Verdi and Puccini, and the first composer of non-European lineage to be accepted into the classic tradition of music.

Younger than Verdi, yet older than Puccini, Carlos Gomes achieved his first major success in a time when the Italian audiences were eager for a new name to celebrate and Puccini had not yet officially started his career. After the successful premiere of Il Guarany, Gomes was considered the most promising new composer. Verdi said his work was an expression of "true musical genius". Liszt said that “it displays dense technical maturity, full of harmonic and orchestral maturity.”
Arrival (company)
Arrival was a British electric vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Howald, Luxembourg that planned to build lightweight commercial vehicles. Research and development took place at a facility in Banbury, Oxfordshire.

After receiving $111 million in investment from Korean automaker Hyundai Motors and its sister company Kia Motors, it raised another $118 million from the American fund manager BlackRock in February 2020.  Later, it was listed on Nasdaq after merging with special-purpose acquisition company CIIG Merger Corp.

After the company was delisted from Nasdaq and its UK division went into administration in February 2024, there were future plans to sell Arrival and all of its affiliated assets. After acquiring Arrival's assets in March 2024, the EV startup Canoo filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy on January 17, 2025.

Kia
Kia Corporation (Korean: 기아; pronounced [ki.a]) is a South Korean multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It is South Korea's second largest automobile manufacturer, after its parent company, Hyundai Motor Company, with sales of over 2.8 million vehicles in 2019. Kia is owned by Hyundai, which holds a 33.88% stake valued at just over US$6 billion. Kia in turn is a minority owner of more than twenty Hyundai subsidiaries ranging from 4.9% up to 45.37%, totaling more than US$8.3 billion.
Fatima Mokhtari
Fatima Ahlem Mokhtari (born 14 June 1999) is an Algerian artistic gymnast. She represented Algeria at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics and helped Algeria win team medals at the 2015 and 2019 African Games.

2019 African Games
The 12th African Games (Arabic: الألعاب الإفريقية الثانية عشرة), also known as Rabat 2019 (Arabic: الرباط 2019), were held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. This was the first time that the African Games were hosted by Morocco following the country's readmission to the African Union in January 2017.

Later five Egyptian athletes (Abderrahmane Al Sayed, Ibrahim Moustafa, Samar Hossein, Sara Ahmed Samir, Farag Salma) were disqualified due to anti-doping violations.
Auchenblae
Auchenblae (/ˌɔːxənˈbleɪ/, Scottish Gaelic: Achadh nam Blàth) is a village in the Kincardine and Mearns area of Aberdeenshire, formerly in Kincardineshire, Scotland. The village was known for its weavers, a whisky distillery and the annual Paldie's Fair horse market.

James Burnett, Lord Monboddo
James Burnett, Lord Monboddo (baptised 25 October 1714 – 26 May 1799) was a Scottish judge, scholar of linguistic evolution, philosopher and deist. He is most famous today as a founder of modern comparative historical linguistics. In 1767, he became a judge in the Court of Session.

As such, Burnett adopted an honorary title based on the name of his father's estate and family seat, Monboddo House. Monboddo was one of a number of scholars involved at the time in development of early concepts of biological evolution. Some credit him with anticipating in principle the idea of natural selection that was read by (and acknowledged in the writings of) Erasmus Darwin. Charles Darwin read the works of his grandfather Erasmus and later developed the ideas into a scientific theory.
Carpathonesticus spelaeus
Carpathonesticus spelaeus  is an araneomorph spider species of the family Nesticidae. It is found in Romania, where it can be found in caves and outdoors under calcareous blocks. It was transferred from the genus Nesticus to Carpathonesticus in 1980 by Lehtinen and Saaristo.

Calcareous
Calcareous (/kælˈkɛəriəs/) is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is  used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines.
Polly Perkins
Polly Perkins (born Gillian Nessie Arnold, 31 May 1943) is a British actress, singer and writer. Perkins rose to fame in the 1960s as a popstar, going on to regularly appear in theatre and cabaret throughout the UK. She is known for playing Rose Cotton, the half-sister of Dot Cotton (June Brown), in the BBC soap opera EastEnders between 2011 and 2012.

Eldorado (TV series)
Eldorado is a British soap opera created by Tony Holland. It ran for only one year, from 6 July 1992 to 9 July 1993. Set in the fictional town of Los Barcos on the Costa Eldorado in Spain and following the lives of British and European expatriates, the BBC hoped it would be as successful as EastEnders and replicate some of the sunshine and glamour of imported Australian soaps such as Home and Away and Neighbours.

In spite of a high-profile advertising campaign on television, radio and in the press preceding the launch ('Are you ready for Eldorado?', read by actor Campbell Morrison), the programme was not initially a popular hit with viewers or critics. Following a radical overhaul, ratings improved, but it was deemed too late to save the programme and it was cancelled by BBC1's new controller, Alan Yentob, in March 1993.
Peter Street
Peter Street (born 6 June 1980 in Tasmania) is a former professional Australian rules footballer in the Australian Football League.

At 211 cm (6 ft 11 in) he is the equal tallest player in the history of the VFL/AFL (along with Aaron Sandilands, Mason Cox and Ned Reeves).

Originally drafted by the Geelong Football Club in the 1998 AFL draft, Street was traded to the Western Bulldogs at the end of the 2003 season. The ruckman was considered a cult figure at the Bulldogs, and during the 2006 season, amidst many long-term injuries to the club's taller players, he became an important ruckman for the club.

He was, however, delisted by the Bulldogs in 2008. He was offered a two-year contract by the Brisbane Lions, but decided instead to join Victoria Police.

Mason Cox
Mason Troy Cox (born March 14, 1991) is an American-born Australian professional Australian rules footballer who plays for the Fremantle Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Playing as a ruckman and key forward, he first played Australian rules football in April 2014 before making his AFL debut for Collingwood two years later in April 2016. Cox previously played basketball for Oklahoma State University in the Big 12 Conference and, standing at 211 cm (6 ft 11 in), is the tallest player to ever be measured at an AFL Draft Combine.
Wulbareg
Wulbareg is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named after the sub-group of the Siltʼe people . Part of the Siltʼe Zone, Wulbareg is bordered on the southwest by the Hadiya Zone, on the west by Misraq Azernet Berbere, on the north by Alicho Werero, on the northeast by Silte, on the east by Dalocha, and on the south by Sankurra. It was created from parts of Dalocha and Silte woredas.

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
Tainia (costume)
In ancient Greek costume, a tainia (Ancient Greek: ταινία; pl.: ταινίαι or Latin: taenia; pl.: taeniae) was a headband, ribbon, or fillet.

The tainia headband was worn with the traditional ancient Greek costume. The headbands were worn at Greek festivals. The gods also bound their heads with tainiai.

Cult images, trees, urns, monuments, animal sacrifices and the deceased had tainiai wound around them. They were later adopted by the Romans. A similar type of headband was the diadema, used as a symbol for kings.

Coy symposiast playing with his taenia, 450–440 BCE

Eros bearing tainia, red-figure skyphos, Lucania 420–400 BCE

Cyprian Aphrodite coiffed with diadem and tainia, 351-332 BCE

Tainia-bound double cornucopia, Ptolemaic Egypt, 283–246 BCE

Tetradrachm of Eumenes II, 2nd century BCE

Eumenes II
Eumenes II Soter (/juːˈmɛniːz/; Ancient Greek: Εὐμένης Σωτήρ; ruled 197–159 BC) was a ruler of Pergamon, and a son of Attalus I Soter and queen Apollonis and a member of the Attalid dynasty of Pergamon.
Sōgen-ji
Sōgen-ji (Okinawan: 崇元寺) was a Buddhist temple located in the Tomari neighborhood of the city of  Naha, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It belonged to the Rinzai school sect of Japanese Zen. The temple's full name is Reitoku-san Sōgen-ji (Okinawan: 霊徳山 崇元寺). It was the Royal ancestral shrine of the kings of Second Shō dynasty of the Ryūkyū Kingdom.  The site of the temple was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2025.

Japanese Zen
See also Zen for an overview of Zen, Chan Buddhism for the Chinese origins, and Sōtō, Rinzai and Ōbaku for the three main schools of Zen in Japan

Japanese Zen refers to the Japanese forms of Zen Buddhism, an originally Chinese Mahāyāna school of Buddhism that strongly emphasizes dhyāna, the meditative training of awareness and equanimity. This practice, according to Zen proponents, gives insight into one's true nature, or the emptiness of inherent existence, which opens the way to a liberated way of living.
Rangisari
"Rangisari" (transl. Colourful scarf) is an Indian Hindi-language song from the soundtrack album of Jugjugg Jeeyo. The song is a re-release song "Rangi Saari" by Kavita Seth and Kanishk Seth, recreated from the late classical vocalist Shobha Gurtu's popular thumri. It was released on 6 June 2022 as the second single from the album, through T-Series.

Upon release, the song received positive reviews by audience and critics and was trending on internet. Kavitha's vocal performance was praised by critics and audiences and she won the Zee Cine Award for Best Playback Singer – Female and Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer.

Zee Cine Award for Best Playback Singer – Female
The Zee Cine Award Best Playback Singer – Female is awarded to a female playback singer who works in the Hindi film industry. The winner is selected from a shortlist by a jury, and announced at the annual Zee Cine Awards ceremony.
River Carno
The River Carno (Welsh: Afon Carno) is a river in Powys, mid Wales, and a tributary of the River Severn.

The river is named after the village of Carno, which is close to the source in the foothills of the Cambrian Mountains. From Carno, it flows roughly parallel to the A470 road, past Clatter and through Pontdolgoch, before emptying into the Severn at Caersws.

Cambrian Mountains
The Cambrian Mountains (Welsh: Mynyddoedd Cambria, in a narrower sense: Elenydd) are a series of mountain ranges in Wales.
The term Cambrian Mountains used to apply to most of the upland of Wales, and comes from the country's Latin name Cambria. Since the 1950s, its application has become increasingly localised to the geographically homogeneous Mid Wales uplands, known in Welsh as Elenydd, which extend from Plynlimon (Pumlumon) to Radnor Forest in the east and Mynydd Mallaen to the south.  This barren and sparsely populated 'wilderness' has been referred to as the Desert of Wales. The area includes the sources of the River Severn and River Wye and was unsuccessfully proposed as a national park in the 1960s and 1970s.  The highest point of the range is Plynlimon, at 2,467 feet (752 m).

The wider, more historic, use of the term also includes Snowdonia in North Wales, and the Brecon Beacons and Black Mountains in South Wales. They range in height up to 3,559 feet (1,085 m) in Snowdonia.
Naked Africa
Naked Africa is a 1957 American Mondo documentary film about Africa released under the pretense of being an educational ethnographic film. It was released on a double bill with White Huntress. The film was later re-rereleased under the title Mondo Africana to exploit the shockumentaries Mondo Cane and Africa Addio.

Africa Addio
Africa Addio (lit. 'Goodbye Africa'  or 'Farewell Africa'; also known as Africa: Blood and Guts in the United States and Farewell Africa in the United Kingdom) is a 1966 Italian mondo documentary film co-directed, co-edited and co-written by Gualtiero Jacopetti and Franco E. Prosperi with music by Riz Ortolani. Jacopetti and Prosperi had gained fame (along with co-director Paolo Cavara) as the directors of Mondo Cane in 1962.

Africa Addio documents the end of European colonial control in Africa during the 1950s and '60s, and the violence and chaos that followed. The film was a huge success, which ensured the viability of the so-called "Mondo film" genre, a cycle of "shockumentaries"—documentaries featuring sensational topics. The film encountered criticism and praise due to its controversial content, but is nevertheless considered to be a very important film in the history of documentary filmmaking.
Amherst Stadium
The Amherst Stadium is a 2,500-seat multi-purpose arena in Amherst, Nova Scotia, Canada.  It is home to the Amherst Ramblers Ice hockey team of the Maritime Junior Hockey League. The arena hosted the 1993 Centennial Cup.  It also hosts various minor hockey contests and trade shows every year.  The facility's  nickname is "The Jungle". The rink also hosts the CCMHA minor hockey teams.

The rink in the arena measures 182 feet by 85 feet with the nets 11 feet from the end boards.

The arena also includes a heated room above the ice surface that is wheelchair accessible.

Centennial Cup
The Centennial Cup is an annual ice hockey tournament organized by Hockey Canada and the Canadian Junior Hockey League (CJHL), which determines the national champion of junior A ice hockey. It consists of a ten-team round robin featuring the winners of all nine CJHL member leagues as well as a pre-selected host city.

The championship has also been known as the National Junior A Championship in 2019, it was formerly known as the Royal Bank Cup from 1996 to 2018 and the Manitoba Centennial Cup from 1971 to 1995. It is currently branded as the Centennial Cup after Tim Hortons, the title sponsor of the 2022 tournament, withdrew future sponsorship in response to the Hockey Canada sexual assault scandal.
Lekhparajul
Lekhparajul  is a village development committee in Surkhet District in the Bheri Zone of mid-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4567 people living in 739 individual households.

Surkhet District
Surkhet District (Nepali: सुर्खेत जिल्ला, Listenⓘ) is a district in Karnali Province of mid-western and one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Surkhet is one of the ten districts of Karnali located about 600 kilometres (373 mi) west of the national capital Kathmandu. The district's area is 2,489 square kilometres (961 sq mi). It had 288,527 population in 2001 and 350,804 in 2011 which male comprised 169,461 and female 181,381. Its district headquarters, Birendranagar, is the capital of Karnali Province. It serves as a business hub and document center for Karnali province. According to population, development, road links, landforms, climate, many peoples are migrating here.