hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 123
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 123 (P. Oxy. 123 or P. Oxy. I 123) is a letter from a notary to his son, written in Greek and discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. The document was written in the 3rd or 4th century. Currently it is housed in the Egyptian Museum (10014) in Cairo, Egypt.

Oxyrhynchus
Oxyrhynchus (/ˌɒksɪˈrɪŋkəs/ OK-sih-RINK-əs; Ancient Greek: Ὀξύῤῥυγχος, romanized: Oxýrrhynkhos, lit. 'sharp-nosed', Koine Greek: [okˈsyr̥r̥yŋkʰos]; Ancient Egyptian: pr mꜥḏ; Coptic: ⲡⲉⲙϫⲉ or ⲡⲙ̅ϫⲏ, romanized: Pemdje), also known by its modern name Al-Bahnasa (Arabic: البهنسا, romanized: el-Bahnasa), is a city in Middle Egypt located about 160 km south-southwest of Cairo in Minya Governorate. It is also an important  archaeological site. Since the late 19th century, the area around Oxyrhynchus has been excavated almost continually, yielding an enormous collection of papyrus texts dating from the Ptolemaic Kingdom and Roman Egypt. They also include a few vellum manuscripts, and more recent Arabic manuscripts on paper (for example, the medieval P. Oxy. VI 1006).
Caproni Ca.97
The Caproni Ca.97 was a utility monoplane aircraft designed and produced by the Italian aircraft manufacturer Caproni. It had a range of powerplant arrangements, the aircraft could be flown with many as three radial engines, however, many were built with only the nose engine present or with only the two nacelle-mounted engines.

The Ca.97 was originally designed during the latter half of the 1920s as a high-wing braced trimotor monoplane of conventional configuration with one engine mounted on the nose and the other two carried on strut-mounted nacelles at the fuselage sides. It was adopted by both civilian and military operators, and thus saw a diverse range of uses from utility transport to limited use as an airliner. The Regia Aeronautica routinely used the Ca.97 to conduct colonial policing in North Africa.

Leading edge
The leading edge is the part of the wing that first contacts the air; alternatively it is the foremost edge of an airfoil section. The first is an aerodynamic definition, the second a structural one.

As an example of the distinction, during a tailslide, from an aerodynamic point of view, the trailing edge becomes the leading edge and vice versa but from a structural point of view the leading edge remains unchanged.
2025 New York City Democratic mayoral primary
The Democratic Party primary for the 2025 New York City mayoral election took place on June 24, 2025. Voters ranked up to five candidates using ranked-choice voting. The early voting period began on June 14. Incumbent mayor Eric Adams did not run in the primary, instead choosing to compete for re-election as an independent in the general contest.

First-choice results on election night showed State Assemblyman Zohran Mamdani had a large lead ahead of former governor Andrew Cuomo. Cuomo conceded the race to Mamdani in what was considered to be a major upset victory. In July, ranked-choice results showed Mamdani to be the clear winner with 56.4% of the vote, making him the official Democratic nominee in the November 4, 2025 general election, with Cuomo securing the remaining 43.6% of the vote. The primary was the largest in New York City's history, almost reaching the same turnout as the 2021 mayoral general election.

Kathryn Garcia
Kathryn A. Garcia (née McIver; born March 3, 1970) is an American public official serving as the executive director of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. She previously served as director of state operations for the state of New York from 2021 to 2026, and as commissioner for the New York City Sanitation Department from 2014 to 2020. She was a candidate in the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary, losing by 0.8 percentage points to Eric Adams.

Garcia also previously served as interim chair and CEO of the New York City Housing Authority and was appointed "food czar" for New York's emergency food program during the COVID-19 emergency response.
Reginald Ellingworth
Chief Petty Officer Reginald Vincent Ellingworth, GC (28 January 1898 – 21 September 1940) was a sailor in the Royal Navy.

Ellingworth was born in Wolverhampton, Staffordshire, to Frank and Kate Louise.

He was posthumously awarded the George Cross for the "great gallantry and undaunted devotion to duty" he displayed while attempting to defuse a parachute mine that had fallen in Dagenham, Essex, during the Blitz, along with Lieutenant Commander Richard John Hammersley Ryan and Dick Moore. Notice of his award appeared in a supplement to the London Gazette of 17 December 1940.

The soldiers had defused many such devices together, and had just successfully defused a device in Hornchurch which was threatening an aerodrome and explosives factory when they were called to Dagenham. The bomb there was hanging from its parachute on a warehouse. He is buried at Milton Cemetery, Portsmouth.

He was married to Rose Ward until her death in 1925. He remarried Jessie Day Phillips.

Hornchurch
Hornchurch is a suburban town in east London in the London Borough of Havering. It is located 15.2 miles (24.5 km) east-northeast of Charing Cross. It comprises a number of shopping streets and a large residential area. It historically formed a large ancient parish in the county of Essex that became the manor and liberty of Havering. The economic history of Hornchurch is underpinned by a shift away from agriculture to other industries with the growing significance of nearby Romford as a market town and centre of administration. As part of the suburban growth of London in the 20th century, Hornchurch significantly expanded and increased in population, becoming an urban district in 1926 and has formed part of Greater London since 1965. It is the location of Queen's Theatre, Havering Sixth Form College and Havering College of Further and Higher Education.
AHI (musician)
Ahkinoah Habah Izarh, better known by the stage name AHI, (pronounced “eye”), is a Canadian singer-songwriter. He has been a two-time Juno Award nominee for Contemporary Roots Album of the Year, receiving nods at the Juno Awards of 2019 for his album In Our Time and at the Juno Awards of 2022 for his album Prospect.

Originally from Brampton, Ontario and based primarily in Toronto, he released his debut album We Made It Through the Wreckage in 2016. In 2017, he won the Canadian Songwriting Competition in the folk category, as well as the Stingray Rising Star Award at the Folk Music Ontario conference. He then signed to Thirty Tigers, which released his sophomore album In Our Time in 2018  and Prospect in 2021. The latter was longlisted for Canada's prestigious Polaris Music Prize in 2022.

Juno Awards of 2019
The Juno Awards of 2019, honouring Canadian music achievements, were presented in London, Ontario during the weekend of 16–17 March 2019. The primary telecast ceremonies were held at Budweiser Gardens, preceded by numerous Juno Week events from 11 March. This was the first time the Juno Awards were hosted in London.

The award ceremony was hosted by Sarah McLachlan.

Shawn Mendes won five awards, the most at the ceremonies, including Artist of the Year, Album of the Year, and Single of the Year.
Won in the Clouds
Won in the Clouds is a 1928 American silent film directed by Bruce M. Mitchell and starring Al Wilson.

Like many actors in the silent film era, Wilson did not survive the transition to "talkies", with Won in the Clouds, one of his last films.

Bruce M. Mitchell
Bruce M. Mitchell (November 16, 1883 – September 26, 1952) was an American film director and writer active during the silent film era from 1914 to 1934. With the advent of sound films in the 1930s, Mitchell abandoned directing and became an actor, appearing mainly in bit roles.
Buddy's Beer Garden
Buddy's Beer Garden is a 1933 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes cartoon, animated by Jack King and Frank Tashlin. The short was released on November 11, 1933, and stars Buddy, the second star of the series.

It was the first of five cartoons directed by Earl Duvall, here credited as "Duval", at Warner Bros. Cartoons, and one of only three Buddy shorts directed by him. Musical direction was by Norman Spencer.

Tashlin who used the pseudonym Tish-Tash on the cartoon, first used that pen name in the 1933 film Hook and Ladder Hokum. It was around this time that he met Leon Schlesinger, who offered him a job as an animator in California. Tashlin, who was only twenty years old at the time left for Los Angeles, and started his career with the cartoon studio at Warner Bros..

Frank Tashlin
Frank Tashlin (born Francis Fredrick von Taschlein, February 19, 1913 – May 5, 1972), also known as Tish Tash and Frank Tash, was an American animator and filmmaker. He was best known for his work on the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of animated shorts for Warner Bros., as well as his work as a director of live-action comedy films.
GER Class B74
The GER Class B74 was a class of five 0-4-0T steam locomotives designed by Alfred John Hill for the Great Eastern Railway. They all passed to the London and North Eastern Railway at the 1923 grouping and received the LNER classification Y4.

Railways Act 1921
The Railways Act 1921 (11 & 12 Geo. 5. c. 55), also known as the Grouping Act, was an act of Parliament enacted by the British government. It was intended to stem the losses being made by many of the country's 120 railway companies by "grouping" them into four large companies, dubbed the "Big Four". The system of the "Big Four" lasted until the nationalisation of the railways in 1947.

During World War I, the British government had taken control, although not ownership, of British railways. The intention behind the Act was to reduce inefficient internal competition between railway companies and retain some of the benefits which the country had derived from a government-controlled railway system during the war. The provisions of the act took effect from the start of 1923.
Emanuele Luzzati
Emanuele Luzzati (3 June 1921 – 26 January 2007) was an Italian painter, production designer, illustrator, film director and animator. He was nominated for Academy Awards for two of his short films, La gazza ladra (The Thieving Magpie) (1964) and Pulcinella (1973).

Lyric Opera of Chicago
The Lyric Opera of Chicago is an American opera company based in Chicago, Illinois.  The company was founded in Chicago in 1954, under the name 'Lyric Theatre of Chicago' by Carol Fox, Nicola Rescigno and Lawrence Kelly, with a season that included Maria Callas's American debut in Norma.  Fox re-organized the company in 1956 under its present name.  Lyric is housed in a theater and related spaces in the Civic Opera Building.  These spaces are now owned by Lyric.
Sinsinawa River
The Sinsinawa River is a 21.1-mile-long (34.0 km) tributary of the Mississippi River. It rises in Grant County, Wisconsin, with headwaters just outside Cuba City, flowing southwards into Jo Daviess County, Illinois, joining the Mississippi a few miles west of Galena.

The river is part of the Driftless Area of Illinois and Wisconsin. This region remained ice free during the last ice age, contributing to the rugged appearance of the river canyon.

The name "Sinsinawa" is associated with Sinsinawa Mound in Grant County, Wisconsin. One version holds that "Sinsinawa" derives from an Algonquian word (possibly Potawatomi, Fox or Menominee language) for "rattlesnake" to describe the Sioux. Another version says "home of the young eagle".

Sinsinawa, Wisconsin
Sinsinawa (/ˌsɪnˈsɪnəwɑː/) is an unincorporated community in Grant County, Wisconsin, United States. The community is in the towns of Jamestown and Hazel Green, one mile north of the border with Illinois. The community is 7+1⁄2 miles (12.1 km) east of Dubuque, Iowa, and 6+1⁄2 miles (10.5 km) west of the village of Hazel Green. The town is best known for being the mother house of the Sinsinawa Dominican Sisters.
Children's Book Council (United States)
The Children's Book Council (CBC) is a United States "nonprofit trade association of publishers and packagers of trade books and related materials for children and young adults", according to its website, dedicated to promoting children’s books and reading.

The Children's Book Council was originally formed as the Association of Children's Book Editors in 1944.  In 1945, the organization was given the responsibility of running Children's Book Week by the event's co-founder, Frederic G. Melcher. CBC organized the annual book week through 2007 after which it was succeeded by Every Child a Reader, the industry's "philanthropic arm", and it became a sponsor.

Past CBC leaders include John Donovan, Sybil V. Jacobsen, Laura Harris, Joanna Foster Dougherty, Eunice Blake Bohanon, Sophie Silberberg, and Paula Quint. As of January 2022, the current chair of the CBC's board of directors is Yolanda Scott.

Frederic G. Melcher
Frederic Gershom Melcher (April 12, 1879 – March 9, 1963) was an American publisher, bookseller, editor, and a major contributor to the library science field and book industry. He is particularly known for his contributions to the children's book genre, including the Newbery Medal and Caldecott Medal. Melcher was named as one of the most important 100 leaders in the library science field of the 20th century in an American Libraries article and has been described as "the greatest all-round bookman in the English-speaking world".

Melcher was born in 1879 in Malden, Massachusetts, a suburb on the north side of Boston. In 1883, the family moved to Newton Center, another Boston suburb. A 1945 essay describes his childhood growing up near a lake, fishing, ice skating and swimming. He was also an avid reader from a young age, making many visits to the library, as well as enjoying books passed on or given by friends and family.
Stanley Kempthorne
Leonard Stanley Kempthorne CBE (2 August 1886 – 25 July 1963) was a New Zealand Anglican priest who served as Bishop of Polynesia from 1922 to 1962.

Born into a Kiwi ecclesiastical family, Kempthorne was educated at Nelson College from 1900 to 1903, and at The Queen's College, Oxford. He was ordained in 1914. He worked for 18 months at Zaria in Northern Nigeria before a four-year stint as Chaplain to the Bishop of Lichfield. He was then Chaplain at Ipoh (Diocese of Singapore) in the Federated Malay States  from 1920 to 1922 when he  was appointed Bishop of Polynesia, a post he held for forty years.

Northern Region, Nigeria
Northern Nigeria (or Arewancin Nijeriya) was an autonomous division within Nigeria, distinctly different from the southern part of the country, with independent customs, foreign relations and security structures. In 1962, it acquired the territory of the British Northern Cameroons, which voted to become a province within Northern Nigeria.

In 1967, Northern Nigeria was divided into the North-Eastern State, North-Western State, Kano State, Kaduna State, Kwara State, and the Benue-Plateau State, each with its own Governor.
Until Money Departs You
Until Money Departs You (German: Bis daß das Geld euch scheidet) is a 1960 West German drama film directed by Alfred Vohrer and starring Luise Ullrich, Gert Fröbe and Corny Collins.

It was shot at the Spandau Studios in Berlin and on location in Salzburg and Bavaria's Walchensee. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Erich Kettelhut and Johannes Ott.

Spandau Studios
The Spandau Studios or CCC Studios were film and television studios located in Spandau, a suburb of Berlin. They were established in 1949 following the Second World War by the producer Artur Brauner controller of CCC Films, on the site of a former factory. Following the Soviet occupation of East Germany, most of the major film studios in the capital were, with the exception of the Tempelhof Studios, located in East Berlin until Brauner opened his own studios.

Brauner produced a number of popular genre films over the following decades, including several remakes of Weimar era hits. Space was also rented out to other firms, and the 1960s saw the series of Edgar Wallace films made at Spandau by Rialto Film.
McGees Bridge
McGees Bridge is a road bridge that carries the Tasman Highway across Pitt Water, near Sorell in the south-east of Tasmania, Australia. The bridge and adjacent Sorell Causeway provide vital links between Hobart and two of Tasmania's principal tourist attractions - Port Arthur on the Tasman Peninsula and the picturesque East Coast via the Tasman Highway.

Sorell, Tasmania
Sorell is a town in Tasmania, Australia, north-east of Hobart. It is located on the Tasman Highway at the junction with the Arthur Highway. Sorell is one of Tasmania's oldest towns, being first settled in 1808 as a small farming community and becoming an official township in 1821. At the 2006 census, Sorell had a population of 1,546, and at the 2011 census, a population of  2,476. and at the 2016 census, a population of  2,907.
Mostly Martha (song)
"Mostly Martha" is a popular song written by Ralph Sterling (music) and Dorcas Cochran (lyrics). The best-known version was recorded by The Crew-Cuts in 1955. This recording was released by Mercury Records as catalog number 70741 along with the flip side of "Angels In the Sky". It first reached the Billboard magazine charts on January 7, 1956. It peaked at #31 on the composite chart of the top 100 songs.

The melody of the song is borrowed from the tenor aria usually known by its Italian title, "M'appari", composed in 1847 by the German Friedrich von Flotow.  It was written for his opera L'Ame en Peine, but famous for its inclusion in his best-known work, Martha. The melody appears as part of the background music in Alfred Hitchcock's 1954 film Rear Window.

The Crew-Cuts
The Crew-Cuts (sometimes spelled Crew Cuts or Crewcuts) were a Canadian vocal and doowop quartet, that made a number of popular records that charted in the United States and worldwide. They were most famous for their recording of The Chords' hit record, "Sh-Boom".

The Crewcuts along with The Four Lads and The Diamonds were an inducted into the Canadian Hall of Fame in 1984. All the originals were on stage.
Sikhism in Spain
Sikhs in Spain are a minority religion group. The Sikh community in Spain is a small but fast growing group. According to the latest available data, there are estimated to be around 26,000 Sikhs living in the country.

The Sikh population in Spain has grown over the years, with many Sikhs migrating to the country for agricultural work, construction work or to start their own businesses.

Sikhism in Spain dates back to the 1980s, where many Sikhs migrated as a result of relaxed immigration policies and labour shortages.

Alicante
Alicante or Alacant (officially: Alacant / Alicante) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Alicante and a historic Mediterranean port. With a population of 358,608 as of 2024, it is the 2nd-largest city in the Valencian Community and the 10th-largest in Spain.

Together with Elche (Elx) and other municipalities, Alicante forms a conurbation of nearly 1 million inhabitants.
Godmothered
Godmothered is a 2020 American Christmas fantasy comedy film directed by Sharon Maguire, written by Kari Granlund and Melissa Stack, starring Jillian Bell and Isla Fisher. The Walt Disney Company first began developing the film in September 2019, with Maguire joining the production as director later that month. Principal photography began in January 2020 in Boston, Massachusetts. Produced by Walt Disney Pictures, The Montecito Picture Company and Secret Machine Entertainment, it was released on Disney+ on December 4, 2020. The film received moderately positive reviews from critics.

Christmas in popular culture
Christmas themes have long been an inspiration to artists and writers. A prominent aspect of Christian media, the topic first appeared in literature and in music. Filmmakers have picked up on this wealth of material, with both adaptations of Christmas novels, in the forms of Christmas films, Santa Claus films, and Christmas television specials.

It also includes animation, comics, and children's books, including A Charlie Brown Christmas, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, and Frosty the Snowman.
Francis Ratcliffe
Francis Noble Ratcliffe OBE (11 January 1904 – 8 December 1970) was an Australian zoologist and conservationist.

Ratcliffe was born a British citizen in Calcutta, India. He was educated at Berkhamsted School and the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, and at Princeton University in the USA. After a short period working in London with the Empire Marketing Board, in 1929 he was brought to Australia by the CSIR to study flying foxes in northern New South Wales and Queensland, afterwards returning to Britain to work in the zoology department at the University of Aberdeen. However, he returned to Australia permanently in 1935, working with the CSIR, and its successor the CSIRO, on such problems as wind erosion, termites and rabbit control. He was also a founder of the Australian Conservation Foundation, serving as its first Honorary Secretary.

Ratcliffe retired from the CSIRO in 1969. He died in Canberra the following year of a cerebral haemorrhage.

Australian Conservation Foundation
The Australian Conservation Foundation (ACF) is Australia's national environmental organisation, launched in 1965 in response to a proposal by the World Wide Fund for Nature for a more co-ordinated approach to sustainability.

One high-profile campaign was "Save the Whales", which ended commercial whaling in Australia, following widespread protest against the huge slaughter. Another was to protect the vulnerable Great Barrier Reef by classifying it as a marine park, from which mining, drilling and trawling were banned.
1994 Waldbaum's Hamlet Cup – Doubles
Marc-Kevin Goellner and David Prinosil were the defending champions, but chose not to participate that year.

Olivier Delaître and Guy Forget won in the final 6–4, 7–6, against Andrew Florent and Mark Petchey.

Olivier Delaître
Olivier Delaître (French: [ɔlivje dəlɛːtʁ]; born 1 June 1967) is a former professional tennis player from France. He was semifinalist at the Wimbledon Championships in 1999 in doubles (partnering Fabrice Santoro), and reached the fourth round of the 1994 French Open and 1995 Australian Open in singles.
Francisco Antonio de Agurto, 1st Marquess of Gastañaga
Francisco Antonio de Agurto y Salcedo Medrano Zúñiga, 1st Marquess of Gastañaga (1640 – 2 November 1702) was a Spanish nobleman, Knight of the Order of Alcantara, of His Majesty's Supreme War Council, General Field Marshal of the Netherlands, Governor and Captain General of the Spanish Netherlands and Viceroy of Catalonia, of Basque origin. Francisco Antonio was the son of Don Antonio de Agurto y Alava and Catalina de Salcedo y Medrano, daughter of Iñigo López de Salcedo Camargo and María Melchora de Medrano Zúñiga y Vallejo.

He was born in Vitoria. He became the I Marquess de Gastañaga and was Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands between 1685 and 1692. He led the Spanish troops in the Battle of Fleurus (1690) and unsuccessfully defended Mons against the French.

Basques
The Basques are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture, shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians, and are considered among the last remaining direct descendants of Neolithic Europeans populations in Europe. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria)—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.