hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Test double
A test double is software used in software test automation that satisfies a dependency so that the test need not depend on production code. A test double provides functionality via an interface that the software under test cannot distinguish from production code.

A programmer generally uses a test double to isolate the behavior of the consuming code from the rest of the codebase.

A test double is usually a simplified version of the production code and may include capabilities specific to testing.

Test doubles are used to build test harnesses.

Programmer
A programmer, computer programmer or coder is an author of computer source code – someone with skill in computer programming.
The professional titles software developer and software engineer may be used for jobs that require a programmer.
Edward Mogg
Edward Mogg was a publisher in London in the 19th century. He issued maps and travel guides to London and other localities in England and Wales. Mogg's publications appear in works of fiction such as Robert Smith Surtees' Mr. Sponge's Sporting Tour and Shirley Brooks' The Naggletons.

R. S. Surtees
Robert Smith Surtees (17 May 1805 – 16 March 1864) was an English editor, novelist and sporting writer, widely known as R. S. Surtees. He was the second son of Anthony Surtees of Hamsterley Hall, a member of an old County Durham family. He is remembered for his invented character of Jorrocks, a vulgar but good-natured sporting cockney grocer.
Wimalasiri de Mel
Wimalasiri De Mel (1926 - 2010) was a Sri Lankan Trotskyist revolutionary politician. He was a member of parliament from Moratuwa.

De Mel was engaged in social service from a young age. He became the secretary of a Society formed by Senator Sam P. C. Fernando. He contested and was elected to the Moratuwa Urbarn Council from the United Socialist Front and played an active role in the 1953 Ceylonese Hartal. A long standing member of the Lanka Sama Samaja Party, he served as its general secretary. He contested the 1970 general election from the LSSP and was elected from the Moratuwa electorate. He unsuccessfully contested the 1977 general election from Moratuwa. He died on 31 October 2010 and his body was donated to the National Ayurveda Hospital per his wishes.

Urban councils of Sri Lanka
There are 41 Urban councils in Sri Lanka, which are the legislative bodies that preside over the second tier municipalities in the country. Introduced in 1987 through the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka, Urban councils became a devolved subject under the Provincial Councils in the Local Government system of Sri Lanka. The Urban councils collectively govern approximately 1,388,000 people. There are 417 Councillors in total, ranging from 22 to 7 per council.
Viterbo Cathedral
Viterbo Cathedral (Italian: Duomo di Viterbo, or Cattedrale di San Lorenzo) is a Roman Catholic cathedral, and the principal church of the city of Viterbo, Lazio, central Italy. It is the seat of the Bishop of Viterbo and is dedicated to Saint Lawrence.

The church is an imposing Romanesque structure situated high on the hill which the city climbs, but it lacks much of the spectacular decoration with which it was originally adorned, thanks to an ill-advised sixteenth-century reconstruction.

Central Italy
Central Italy (Italian: Italia centrale or Centro Italia) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first-level NUTS region with code ITI, and a European Parliament constituency. As of 2025, it has over 11 million inhabitants.
Paul Mullie
Paul Mullie is a Canadian-American screenwriter and producer. He is credited for writing episodes of Stargate Atlantis, Largo Winch, and Stargate SG-1. He has also worked as executive producer on Stargate: Atlantis and is the co-creator of Dark Matter with Joseph Mallozzi.

Largo Winch (TV series)
Largo Winch is a television program based on the Belgian comic book series of the same name by Philippe Francq and Jean Van Hamme that first aired on January 26, 2001 in France on M6, and May 3, 2001 in Germany on ProSieben. The show lasted two seasons. Guest stars included Kim Poirier, Vernon Dobtcheff, Elisha Cuthbert, Olga Kurylenko and David Carradine.
2007–08 Ukrainian Hockey Championship
The 2007–08 Ukrainian Hockey League season was the 15th season of the Ukrainian Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Ukraine. Six teams participated in the league, and HC Sokil Kyiv II won the championship.

Ukrainian Hockey League
The Ukrainian Hockey League was the name of the highest ice hockey league in Ukraine since the 2016–17 season, playing for the Ukrainian Hockey Championship. The league was created in June 2016 and folded in 2021.
Terje Vigen
Terje Vigen is a poem written by Norwegian writer Henrik Ibsen and published in 1862. It follows the life of Terje Vigen, a fictional Norwegian man who lives in the town of Grimstad, during the early 19th century. During the Gunboat War, Grimstad is under a British naval blockade, and Vigen decides to travel to Denmark to acquire essential goods for his family in a small rowboat in 1809. However, his boat is captured by a Royal Navy corvette, and Vigen is sent as a prisoner of war to England, where he remains until the war is over. Returning to Grimstad in a Swedish Navy frigate in 1814, Vigen discovers that his wife and daughter have died. Becoming a maritime pilot, years later Vigen rescues a yacht in distress. He discovers that the yacht's captain was the commander of the corvette who took him prisoner, but decides against vengeance and rescues the Englishman along with his wife and child.

Gunboat War
The Gunboat War (Danish: Kanonbådskrigen, Norwegian: Kanonbåtskrigen, Swedish: Kanonbåtskriget; 1807–1814) was a naval conflict between Denmark–Norway and Great Britain supported by Sweden during the Napoleonic Wars. The war's name is derived from the Danish tactic of employing small gunboats against the materially superior Royal Navy. In Scandinavia it is seen as the later stage of the English Wars, whose commencement is accounted as the First Battle of Copenhagen in 1801.
Jordan Tucker
Jordan Lewis Tucker (born April 3, 1998) is an American professional basketball player for Promitheas Patras of the Greek Basket League. He played college basketball for the Duke Blue Devils and the Butler Bulldogs.

Macedonian First League (basketball)
The Macedonian First League (Macedonian: Македонска прва лига, Makedonska prva liga) is the top-tier basketball competition in the Republic of North Macedonia organized by the Basketball Federation of North Macedonia. Until 1992 it was called Macedonian Republic League after which it was transformed into top division level Macedonian Basketball First League. After the transformation, teams from the dissolved Yugoslav Federal Leagues (MZT Skopje and Rabotnički) joined the Macedonian First League.
Germania Breslau
SC Germania Breslau was a German association football club from the city of Breslau, Province of Silesia (today Wrocław, Poland). The team spent several seasons in upper tier regional play in the Südostdeutscher Fußball-Verband (Southeast German Football Association) and advanced to the league playoffs in 1911 and 1912.

In both appearances Germania advanced to the league final. A 2–3 loss in 1911 to Askania Forst was annulled after protest, but the team then also lost the rematch (0–3). In the following season's final they were beaten 1–5 by ATV Liegnitz. In 1913 the team merged with Preußen Breslau to form Vereinigte Breslauer Sportfreunde.

Province of Silesia
The Province of Silesia (German: Provinz Schlesien; Polish: Prowincja Śląska; Silesian: Prowincyjŏ Ślōnskŏ) was a province of Prussia from 1815 to 1919. The Silesia region was part of the Prussian realm since 1742 and established as an official province in 1815, then became part of the German Empire in 1871. In 1919, as part of the Free State of Prussia within Weimar Germany, Silesia was divided into the provinces of Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia. Silesia was reunified briefly from 1 April 1938 to 27 January 1941 as a province of Nazi Germany before being divided back into Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia.

Breslau (present-day Wrocław, Poland) was the provincial capital.
Christof Loy
Christof Loy (born 5 December 1962) is a German stage director especially for opera, whose work received several awards. A freelance director, he has staged operas from Baroque to premieres of new works at major European opera houses and festivals. He is known for directing works by Mozart.

Alcina
Alcina (HWV 34) is a 1735 opera by George Frideric Handel. Handel used the libretto of L'isola di Alcina, a work set to music in 1728 in Rome by Riccardo Broschi, which he had acquired a year later during his travels in Italy. Partly altered for better conformity, the story was originally taken from Ludovico Ariosto's epic poem Orlando furioso (like those of the Handel operas Orlando and Ariodante). The opera contains several musical sequences with opportunity for dance: these were composed for dancer Marie Sallé.
Thakore
Thakore is the name of:

Anand Thakore (born 1971), Indian poet and Hindustani classical vocalist

Balwantray Thakore (1869–1952), Indian poet and playwright

Dolly Thakore (born 1943), Indian actress

Elakshiben Thakore (born 1936), Indian dancer

Elakshiben Thakore
Kalaguru Smt. Elakshiben Thakore (born 21 April 1936) is one of the leading Bharatnatyam dancers in India. Trained from a very young age in the pristine purity of this traditional dance style, she showed a new pathway to the Gujarati artists by choreographing the dance compositions on Gujarati and Hindi poems.
Packwaukee (CDP), Wisconsin
Packwaukee is an unincorporated census-designated place located in the town of Packwaukee, Marquette County, Wisconsin, United States. Packwaukee is located on the north bank of Buffalo Lake, a lake on the Fox River; it is 7 miles (11 km) west-southwest of Montello. Packwaukee has a post office with ZIP code 53953. As of the 2020 census, its population was 242, down from 262 at 2010.

Montello, Wisconsin
Montello is a city in and the county seat of Marquette County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,448 at the 2020 census. The Fox River flows through the city. Montello is home to the largest tree in Wisconsin. A notable attraction in the city is the former granite quarry, which has been transformed into a park with several waterfalls. The Montello post office was established in 1850, and still operates today with the zip code 53949.
Paandi Nattu Thangam
Paandi Nattu Thangam is a 1989 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by T. P. Gajendran. The film stars Karthik and Nirosha. It was released on 19 May 1989, and was one of the biggest hits of Karthik in the 1980s.

Karthik (actor)
Murali Karthikeyan Muthuraman (born 13 September 1960), better known by his stage name Karthik, is an Indian actor, playback singer and politician who works in Tamil cinema. He is the son of veteran actor R. Muthuraman. Karthik was one of the prominent stars in the industry in the 80s and 90s. He was first introduced by Bharathiraja in the Tamil film Alaigal Oivathillai (1981) and became a lead actor in Tamil films eventually. He has also appeared in some Telugu films where he was initially credited as Murali. Karthik is known in the industry as Navarasa Nayagan, as he is often appreciated for his ability to emote all forms of actions and emotions. He has acted in more than 125 films. He has been the recipient of four Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, a Nandi Award and four Filmfare Awards South.
Janapolė
Janapolė (Samogitian: Janapuolė, Polish: Janopol) is a town in Telšiai County, in western Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the town has a population of 341 people.

The town is named after its benefactor, Jan Dominik Łopaciński, Catholic Bishop of Samogitia.

Samogitian language
Samogitian (endonym: žemaitiu kalba or sometimes žemaitiu rokunda, žemaitiu šnekta or žemaitiu ruoda; Lithuanian: žemaičių tarmė, žemaičių kalba) is an Eastern Baltic language spoken primarily in Samogitia, that is often considered a dialect of Lithuanian.

It has preserved many features of the extinct Curonian language, such as specific phonological traits and vocabulary. Samogitian differs significantly from standard Lithuanian in phonetics, morphology, syntax, and lexis, with unique archaic features not found in other Lithuanian dialects. This difference often causes speakers of Aukštaitian dialects to not be able to understand speakers of Samogitian. The use of Samogitian is currently in decline, with limited presence in media and education. Efforts are being made to preserve the language, including local initiatives and cultural societies.
Hitchin Oughton
Hitchin Oughton is one of the five Hitchin electoral wards of North Hertfordshire District, England. It contains the Westmill estate and is named after the River Oughton. It invariably returns a Labour councillor.

North Hertfordshire
North Hertfordshire is one of ten local government districts in the county of Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Letchworth Garden City and the largest town is Hitchin. The district also includes the towns of Baldock and Royston and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Part of the district lies within the Chiltern Hills, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are East Hertfordshire, Stevenage, Welwyn Hatfield, St Albans, Luton, Central Bedfordshire, South Cambridgeshire and Uttlesford.
Olivella micula
Olivella micula is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the subfamily Olivellinae, in the family Olividae, the olives.  Species in the genus Olivella are commonly called dwarf olives.

Olivellinae
Olivellinae, are a subfamily of small predatory sea snails with smooth, shiny, elongated oval-shaped shells, in the family Olividae. The shells sometimes show muted but attractive colors, and may have some patterning.

These animals are marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Olivoidea, within the order Neogastropoda according to the taxonomy of Bouchet and Rocroi.
Battle of Okhmativ (1655)
The Battle of Okhmativ or battle of Ochmatów (Polish: Bitwa pod Ochmatowem, Russian: Битва под Ахматовом, Ukrainian: Охматівська битва) took place around 19 January - 22 January 1655 (29 January - 1 February, N.S) during the Russo-Polish War (1654–67) between the armies of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Crimean Khanate on the one hand and of the Russian Tsardom and the Cossacks on the other.

Wagon fort
A wagon fort, wagon fortress, wagenburg, or corral, often referred to as circling the wagons, is a temporary fortification made of wagons arranged into a rectangle, circle, or other shape and possibly joined with each other to produce an improvised military camp. It is also known as a laager (from Afrikaans), especially in historical African contexts, and a tabor (from Polish/Ukrainian/Russian) among the Cossacks.
Bolebroke Castle
Bolebroke Castle is a 15th-century hunting lodge located north of the village of Hartfield, East Sussex, England. It is a Grade II* listed building.

The house was built around 1480. Henry VIII is said to have stayed at Bolebroke when he went hunting for wild boar and deer in nearby Ashdown Forest. It lies only 5 miles (8.0 km) from Hever Castle and was the base from which King Henry conducted his courtship of Anne Boleyn.

The house was used as a location in the 2008 film The Other Boleyn Girl.

The Bolebroke Castle Miniature Railway was located within the castle grounds.

Hunting and shooting in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, the term hunting generally refers to hunting with hounds, e.g. normally fox hunting, stag (deer) hunting, beagling, or minkhunting, whereas shooting is the shooting of game birds. What is called deer hunting elsewhere is deer stalking. According to the British Association for Shooting and Conservation (BASC) over a million people a year participate in shooting, including stalking, shooting, hunting, clay shooting and target shooting. Firearm ownership is regulated by licensing. Hunting lodges have long facilitated hunting and shooting activities in the United Kingdom, and continue to form a key part of the rural economy.
Rodica Mateescu
Rodica Mateescu (born Rodica Petrescu on March 13, 1971 in Bucharest) is a former triple jumper from Romania. Having set a personal best of 15.16 in 1997, she placed fourth at the 1997 IAAF World Indoor Championships and won a silver medal at the 1997 World Championships. The same year she placed third at the Grand Prix Final in Fukuoka.

She has been banned for life from the Olympics by the Romanian Olympic Committee (COR), after she tested positive for nandrolone in May 2000 during a training session in the Romanian Black Sea port of Constanta.

1997 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 6th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics were held at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France from March 7 to March 9, 1997. It was the first athletic championships to introduce women's pole vault. There were a total number of 712 participating athletes from 118 countries.
Cup Noodles
Cup Noodles (カップヌードル, Kappu Nūdoru) is the original brand of cup noodle (i.e., instant ramen in a disposable cup) that was developed in 1971 and manufactured by Japanese food company Nissin Foods. Single servings of the product are packaged in foam, plastic, or paper cups and prepared simply by adding boiling water.

The product name actually began as Cup O' Noodles and the singular Engrish brand name Cup Noodle is also a registered trademark of Nissin Foods. In some countries, such as Japan, the singular form Cup Noodle is used. The product has inspired various competing products, such as Maruchan's Instant Lunch.

Foam food container
A foam food container is a form of disposable food packaging for various foods and beverages, such as processed instant noodles, raw meat from supermarkets, ice cream from ice cream parlors, cooked food from delicatessens or food stalls, or beverages like "coffee to go". They are also commonly used to serve takeout food from restaurants, and are also available by request for diners who wish to take home the remainder of their meal. The foam is a good thermal insulator, making the container easy to carry as well as keeping the food at the temperature it had when filled into the container, whether hot or cold.
Australohydnum
Australohydnum is a genus of resupinate fungi in the family Phanerochaetaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1978 by Swiss mycologist Walter Jülich with the Australian fungus Australohydnum griseofuscescens (formerly Hydnum griseo-fuscescens Reichardt) as the type species. A. dregeanum and A. castaneum were added to the genus in 1990 and 2006, respectively. Australohydnum griseofuscescens is now considered to be synonymous with Irpex vellereus.

Resupination
Resupination is derived from the Latin word resupinus, meaning "bent back
with the face upward" or "on the back". "Resupination" is the noun form of the adjective "resupine" which means "being upside-down, supine or facing upward".

The word "resupinate" is generally only used in a botanical context – in everyday language, "supine" has a similar meaning. In botany, resupination refers to the "twisting"  of flowers or leaves through about 180° as they open. Resupinate leaves have the petiole or "stalk" twisted - resupinate flowers twist as they open.
Rattlesnake Creek (Oregon)
Rattlesnake Creek is a tributary, 57 miles (92 km) long, of Crooked Creek in the U.S. state of Oregon.  The creek, which is intermittent, begins in the desert north of McDermitt in Malheur County. It joins Crooked Creek southeast of the intersection of U.S. Route 95 and Oregon Route 78 at Burns Junction, about 15 miles (24 km) from the larger stream's confluence with the Owyhee River.

McDermitt, Nevada and Oregon
McDermitt is an unincorporated community straddling the Nevada–Oregon border, in Humboldt County, Nevada, and Malheur County, Oregon, United States. McDermitt's economy has historically been based on mining, ranching, and farming. The last mining operation closed in 1990, resulting in a steady decline in population.

As of the 2010 census, the combined population was 513. Seventy-five percent of the residents were American Indian, predominantly Northern Paiute of the Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation, whose members include Shoshone people.
Stone sculptures of horses and sheep in the Caucasian States
Stone sculptures of horses and sheep – are zoomorphic headstones, spread in the South Caucasus, Eastern Turkey and Iranian Azerbaijan, the main part of which is dated back to the 13th-19th centuries.

Most of the animal sculptures reach considerable sizes. Some of them stand on pedestal. Sculptures made with great artistic mastery and expression are also met with besides schematically and roughly intagliated sheep and horse figures. Backs and sides of horses and sheep are covered with relief pictures of everyday life scenes, besides inscriptions. Inscriptions carved with Arabic script are also frequently found on headstones.

Gravestone
A gravestone or tombstone is a marker, usually stone, that is placed over a grave. A marker set at the head of the grave may be called a headstone. An especially old or elaborate stone slab may be called a funeral stele, stela, or slab. The use of such markers is traditional for Chinese, Jewish, Christian, and Islamic burials, as well as other traditions. In East Asia, the tomb's spirit tablet is the focus for ancestral veneration and may be removable for greater protection between rituals. Ancient grave markers typically incorporated funerary art, especially details in stone relief. With greater literacy, more markers began to include inscriptions of the deceased's name, date of birth, and date of death, often along with a personal message or prayer. The presence of a frame for photographs of the deceased is also increasingly common.
Home and Colonial School Society
The Home and Colonial School Society was a Church of England institution founded in 1836 by Elizabeth Mayo, Charles Mayo, James Pierrepont Greaves and John S. Reynolds for the education of children and the training of teachers especially by then novel methods proposed by Pestalozzi. It had a training college located on Gray's Inn Road in London,
where it established a 'model infant school'. In 1894 the school moved to Highbury Hill House and was renamed Highbury Hill High School for Girls (it survives today as Highbury Fields School, a girls' secondary school in Islington).

In 1894 the Society became part of the National Froebel Union.

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (/pɛstəˈlɒtsi/; German: [ˈjoːhan ˈhaɪnrɪç pɛstaˈlɔtsiː] ⓘ; Italian: [pestaˈlɔttsi]; 12 January 1746 – 17 February 1827) was a Swiss pedagogue and educational reformer who exemplified Romanticism in his approach.

He founded several educational institutions both in German- and French-speaking regions of Switzerland and wrote many works explaining his revolutionary modern principles of education. His motto was "Learning by head, hand and heart". Thanks to Pestalozzi, illiteracy in 18th-century Switzerland was overcome almost completely by 1830.
Klias Peninsula
The Klias Peninsula (Malay: Semenanjung Klias) is a peninsula in western of Sabah, Malaysia. It consists of coastal wetlands which become the largest mangrove and nipa swamp area in Sabah's west coast and serves as a major nurturing ground for fisheries resources in the Brunei Bay and Kimanis Bay.

Nypa fruticans
Nypa fruticans, commonly known as the nipa palm (or simply nipa, from Malay: nipah) or mangrove palm, is a species of palm native to the coastlines and estuarine habitats of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the only palm considered adapted to the mangrove biome. The genus Nypa and the subfamily Nypoideae are monotypic taxa because this species is their only member.