hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flanking tower
A flanking tower is a fortified tower that is sited on the outside of a defensive wall or other fortified structure and thus forms a flank. From the defensive platform and embrasures the section of wall between them (the curtain wall) could be swept from the side by ranged weapons. In High and Late Medieval castles and town walls, flanking towers often had a semi-circular floor plan or a combination of a rectangular inner and semi-circular outer plans. There were also circular and rectangular towers. Corner flanking towers are found, for example, in the fortifications of the Alhambra and at the manor house of Hugenpoet Palace; Wellheim Castle has a square flanking tower. Semi-circular flanking towers were common in Sasanian architecture.

In church architecture, a flanking tower is a semi-circular or polygonal (for example, octagonal) tower on the outer wall of the church. The church of Great St. Martin Church in Cologne has several flanking towers.

Flanking maneuver
In military tactics, a flanking maneuver is a movement of an armed force around an enemy force's side, or flank, to achieve an advantageous position over it. Flanking is useful because a force's fighting strength is typically concentrated in its front, therefore, to circumvent an opposing force's front and attack its flank is to concentrate one's own offense in the area where the enemy is least able to concentrate defense.

Flanking can also occur at the operational and strategic levels of warfare.
22 Pushup Challenge
The 22 Pushup Challenge, sometimes called the 22KILL Pushup Challenge, was an activity involving pressing out twenty-two pushups to promote awareness for veteran suicide prevention along with honoring military service members and veterans.

The viral awareness campaign gained traction and started to garner Hollywood celebrity support and participation in August 2016. Social media outlets like Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook news feeds began to be inundated with video posts of celebrities doing their 22 pushups and then challenging other celebrities, pro athletes, politicians, etc. — i.e., Dwayne ‘The Rock’ Johnson, John Krasinski, Chris Pratt, Chris Evans, Scott Eastwood and others have posted videos of themselves completing the 22 pushups.

Push-up
The push-up (press-up in British English) is a common calisthenics exercise beginning from the prone position. By raising and lowering the body using the arms, push-ups exercise the pectoral muscles, triceps, and anterior deltoids, with ancillary benefits to the rest of the deltoids, serratus anterior, coracobrachialis, and the midsection as a whole. Push-ups are a basic exercise used in civilian athletic training or physical education and commonly in military physical training. It is also a common form of punishment used in the military, school sport, and some martial arts disciplines for its humiliating factor (when one fails to do a specified amount) and for its lack of equipment. Variations, such as wide-arm and diamond push-ups, target specific muscle groups and provide further challenges.
Kolymsky
Kolymsky (Russian: Колымский; masculine), Kolymskaya (Колымская; feminine), or Kolymskoye (Колымское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Kolymskoye, Magadan Oblast, a selo in Srednekansky District of Magadan Oblast

Kolymskoye, Sakha Republic, a selo in Khalarchinsky Rural Okrug of Nizhnekolymsky District in the Sakha Republic

Magadan Oblast
Magadan Oblast is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically located in the Far East region of the country, and is administratively part of the Far Eastern Federal District. Magadan Oblast has a population of 136,085 (2021 Census), making it the least populated oblast and the third-least populated federal subject in Russia.

Magadan is the largest city and the capital of Magadan Oblast with the majority of the oblast's inhabitants living in the city itself. The coastline has a less severe climate than the interiors, although both are relatively cold for their latitudes.

It borders Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the north, Kamchatka Krai in the east, Khabarovsk Krai in the south and the Sakha Republic in the west. The economy is primarily based on mining, particularly gold, silver and other non-ferrous metals.
Alvin Radkowsky
Alvin Radkowsky (30 June 1915 – 17 February 2002) was an American nuclear physicist and chief scientist at U.S. Navy nuclear propulsion division. His work in the 1950s led to major advances in nuclear-ship technology and civilian use of nuclear power.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Raymond Wieczorek Drive
Raymond Wieczorek Drive (RW Drive) is a 3-mile-long (5 km) expressway in Bedford, Manchester, and Londonderry, New Hampshire, connecting the Everett Turnpike to Manchester–Boston Regional Airport. The highway is named for Raymond Wieczorek, a five-term mayor of Manchester. The road opened to the public on November 10, 2011.

Limited-access road
A limited-access road, known by various terms worldwide, including limited-access highway,  partial controlled-access highway, and expressway, is a highway or arterial road for high-speed traffic which has many or most characteristics of a controlled-access highway (also known as a freeway or motorway), including limited or no access to adjacent property; some degree of separation of opposing traffic flow (often being dual carriageways); use of grade separated interchanges to some extent; prohibition of slow modes of transport, such as bicycles, horse-drawn vehicles or ridden horses, or self-propelled agricultural machines; and very few or no intersecting cross-streets or level crossings. The degree of isolation from local traffic allowed varies between countries and regions. The precise definition of these terms varies by jurisdiction.
WEGX
WEGX (92.9 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Dillon, South Carolina, United States, and serving the Florence and Myrtle Beach areas. Owned by iHeartMedia, it carries a country music format branded as "Eagle 92.9". Its studios are in Florence, and the transmitter is located at WBTW's nearly 2000-foot tower in Dillon County northeast of Florence.

Dillon, South Carolina
Dillon is the county seat of and the largest city in Dillon County in eastern South Carolina, United States. It was established on December 22, 1888. Both the name of the city and county comes from James W. Dillon, an early settler and key figure in bringing a railroad through the area. As of the 2020 census, Dillon had a population of 6,384.
Jan Klawiter
Jan Klawiter (born 10 November 1950) is a Polish politician. Since 2015 he has been a member of the Sejm from the parliamentary constituency of Gdynia. He was also mayor of his hometown of Rumia for ten years.

Rumia
Rumia (Polish: [ˈrumja] ⓘ; Kashubian: Rëmiô; German: Rahmel) is a town in northern Poland, in the Wejherowo County in Pomeranian Voivodeship, with approx. 53,000 inhabitants. It is a part of the Kashubian Tricity (Rumia, Reda, Wejherowo) and a suburb part of the metropolitan area of the Tricity. It is situated in Kashubia in the historic region of Pomerania. It is connected by well-developed railway and highway connections to the Tricity, an urban agglomeration of almost 1 million inhabitants on the coast of Gdańsk Bay.
Karl Gibbs
Karl Malinsky Gibbs (born October 31, 1963) is an American politician. He is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives from the 36th District, first elected in 2013. He is a member of the Democratic party.

Mississippi House of Representatives
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi, the upper house being the Mississippi Senate. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House, candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
KCXL
KCXL (1140 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Liberty, Missouri, and serving the Kansas City metropolitan area.  It features a conservative talk and brokered programming format and is owned by Alpine Broadcasting.  Since 2020, KCXL has been noted for its broadcast of the English-language service of Radio Sputnik, funded by the Russian government.  Sputnik is heard six hours a day during the week and twelve hours on Saturdays and Sundays.

By day, KCXL is powered at 4,000 watts, using a non-directional antenna.  But to protect other stations on 1140 AM from interference, at night it reduces power to only 6 watts.  The AM transmitter and radio studios are on South La Frenz Road in Liberty.  Programming is also heard on two FM translators licensed to Kansas City: K275BQ (102.9 FM) and K284CH (104.7 FM).

Liberty, Missouri
Liberty is a city in and the county seat of Clay County, Missouri, United States and is a suburb of Kansas City, located in the Kansas City Metro Area. As of the 2020 United States census the population was 30,167. Liberty is home to William Jewell College and the historic Liberty Jail.
Gustave E. Steinback
Gustave E. Steinback (1878–1959) was an American architect practicing in New York City in the early and mid twentieth century. He was particularly known as a designer of Roman Catholic schools and churches. His offices were located at 157 West 74th Street in the 1920s, and in Stamford, Connecticut, in the 1940s.

74th Street (Manhattan)
40°46′13″N 73°57′27″W﻿ / ﻿40.770239°N 73.957393°W﻿ / 40.770239; -73.957393

74th Street is an east–west street carrying pedestrian traffic and eastbound automotive/bicycle traffic in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It runs through the Upper East Side neighborhood (in ZIP code 10021, where it is known as East 74th Street), and the Upper West Side neighborhood (in ZIP code 10023, where it is known as West 74th Street), on both sides of Central Park.
SS Robin Moor
SS Robin Moor was a United States cargo steamship that was built in 1919 and sunk by a German U-boat in May 1941, several months before the US entered World War II.

The U-boat allowed the passengers and crew to launch her lifeboats and abandon ship with no loss of life. However, the sinking of a neutral ship in an area considered until then to be relatively safe from U-boats, and the plight of her crew and passengers, caused a political incident in the United States.

The attack caused many to question the motives of U-69's commander, Jost Metzler as Hitler himself, preparing for his June 1941 invasion of Russia, had expressly ordered his Navy chief, Admiral Erich Raeder: "...in the next weeks all attacks on naval vessels in the closed area should cease..." Hitler did not wish to provoke America into joining with Britain in its fight against Germany.

Erich Raeder
Erich Johann Albert Raeder ([ˈeːʁɪç ˈʁɛːdɐ]; 24 April 1876 – 6 November 1960) was a German admiral who played a major role in the naval history of World War II and was convicted of war crimes after the war. He attained the highest possible naval rank, that of grand admiral, in 1939. Raeder led the Kriegsmarine for the first half of the war; he resigned in January 1943 and was replaced by Karl Dönitz. At the Nuremberg trials he was sentenced to life imprisonment but was released early owing to failing health in 1955.
Othello (2014 film)
Othello is a 2014 Indian Assamese language drama film directed by Hemanta Kumar Das and produced by Manabendra Adhikary under the banner of Artha Films. the film features Jupitora Bhuyan and Arup Baishya in lead roles.

Assamese feature film Othello has won the award for best screenplay in the Indian Cine Film Festival-14 held in Mumbai today, a press release stated. The film has story and screenplay by Ranjit Sarma. With music by Tarali Sarma, the film has been directed by Hemanta Kumar Das. The cinematography is by Nahid. Othello was selected in ‘Indian Showcase’ Jagran Film Festival, Mumbai along with 24 other Indian films.

This is the first Assamese film which has a call girl as its lead woman character, claims Ranjit Sarma.

Manabendra Adhikary
Manabendra Adhikary is a film producer from Assam, India. He was born on 17 January 1963 in Abhayapuri, Bongaigaon. After passing HSLC from Abhayapuri Abhayeswari H.S.M.P. School in 1978, he attended Guwahati Commerce College. After graduating in 1983, he went to Delhi for higher education. After completion of M.Com and MBA, he worked briefly in Delhi and returned to Guwahati in 1990 to start M. Adhikary & Associates, a finance and tax consultancy firm in Uzanbazar. In 2002, he began the construction company M/S Aadarsh Real Estate Pvt. Ltd, and ran his business with subordinates.

His wish to become a filmmaker was inspired by the films of Satyajit Ray,  Bhabendra Nath Saikia, and Jahnu Baruah. He began his film career by opening a production house named Artha Films in May 2013, whose objective is to present stories of the day-to-day lives of common people and raise the recognition of the Assamese film industry in India.
Redhouse Castle
Redhouse Castle is a ruined tower house castle, 2 km east of Longniddry, East Lothian, Scotland, UK, on the B1377, close to Spittal. The castle designated as a scheduled monument. It is no longer protected as a category A listed building.

Longniddry
Longniddry (Scots: Langniddry, Scottish Gaelic: Nuadh-Treabh Fada) is a coastal village in East Lothian, Scotland, with an estimated population of 
2,340 in 2020. The Scottish Women's Rural Institute was founded here in 1917.
Ohio State Route 202
State Route 202 (SR 202) is a 20-mile (32 km) north–south state highway in the western part of the U.S. state of Ohio.  The highway runs from its southern terminus at an intersection with SR 201 in Dayton to its northern terminus at a T-intersection with SR 55 in the eastern end of Troy.

The designation of SR 202 took place in the middle of the 1920s.  For much of its length, it parallels Interstate 75 (I-75), which runs about three miles (4.8 km) to the west.  Along the way, SR 202 also travels near the eastern edge of the Great Miami River.

Troy, Ohio
Troy is a city in and the county seat of Miami County, Ohio, United States. The population was 26,305 at the 2020 census, making it Miami County's largest city and Ohio's 55th-largest. Troy lies along the Great Miami River about 19 miles (31 km) north of Dayton and is part of the Dayton metropolitan area.
Loughborough Building Society
The Loughborough Building Society is a UK-based financial services provider headquartered in Loughborough, Leicestershire.  In 2023 it reported assets of about £533 million.

The Society was founded by local businessmen as the Loughborough Permanent Investment, Land and Building Society in 1867.

As of 2023, the Society maintains four branches: in Loughborough, Derby, Long Eaton, and Anstey. There is also an agency in Southwell.

Southwell, Nottinghamshire
Southwell (/ˈsaʊθwəl, -wɛl/ SOWTH-wəl, -⁠wel, locally also /ˈsʌðəl/ SUDH-əl) is a minster and market town, and a civil parish, in the district of Newark and Sherwood, in Nottinghamshire, England. It is home to the grade-I listed Southwell Minster, the cathedral of the Anglican Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham. The population of the town was recorded at 7,491 in the 2021 census.
St. Luke's Church, Abbottabad
St Luke's Church, Abbottabad is an Anglican church dedicated to Saint Luke, now under the jurisdiction of the Peshawar  Diocese of the Church of Pakistan. It was founded in the town of Abbottabad, British India, in what used to be part of Punjab, later the North West Frontier Province in 1864.

Church of Pakistan
The Church of Pakistan is a united Protestant church in Pakistan founded in 1970; it holds membership in the Anglican Communion, the World Communion of Reformed Churches, and the World Methodist Council. The Church of Pakistan claims 1,900,000 members.
Théâtre des Cérémonies
Théâtre des Cérémonies was a temporary stadium in Albertville, France.  Built to only host the opening and closing ceremonies for the 1992 Winter Olympics, the circular shape stadium was immediately disassembled following the games.  The stadium held 35,000 and was built as a circus sphere. Part of the stadium was shipped to Barcelona and used during the 1992 Summer Olympics.  During its existence, it was the largest such temporary structure ever built. The site is now a public and open park.

Albertville
Albertville (French pronunciation: [albɛʁvil] ⓘ; Arpitan: Arbèrtvile) is a subprefecture of the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. 
It is best known for hosting the 1992 Winter Olympics and Paralympics. In 2022, the commune had a population of 19,706; its urban area had 40,715 inhabitants.
Next Generation Jammer
The Next Generation Jammer (NGJ) is a program to develop airborne electronic warfare systems as replacements for the AN/ALQ-99 found on the EA-18G Growler and EA-6B Prowler electronic attack aircraft. Requirements for the system were outlined by the US Navy in 2008 and development of the NGJ program began in 2010. The mid-band portion of the NGJ (NGJ-MB), designated AN/ALQ-249, reached Initial Operating Capability (IOC) in 2021.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/ALQ-249" designation represents the 249th design of an Army-Navy airborne electronic device for special countermeasures equipment. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense and some NATO electronic systems.

L3Harris
L3Harris Technologies, Inc. is an American technology company, defense contractor, and information technology services provider that produces products for command and control systems, wireless equipment, tactical radios, avionics and electronic systems, night vision equipment, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (C3ISR) systems and products, ocean systems, instrumentation, navigation products, training devices and services, and both terrestrial/spaceborne antennas for use in the government, defense, and commercial sectors.

The company was formed from the merger of L3 Technologies and Harris Corporation on June 29, 2019, which made it the sixth-largest defense contractor in the United States.
Norma Huembes
Norma Elizabeth Huembes Salazar (born May 11, 1998) is a Nicaraguan model, public accountant and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Nicaragua 2022 on August 6, 2022, in the Crowne Plaza Convention Center in Managua, Nicaragua. She was the 40th Miss Nicaragua titleholder. She represented Nicaragua at the Miss Universe 2022 pageant and failed to reach the Top 16.

Managua
Managua (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈnaɣwa]) is the capital and largest city of Nicaragua, and one of the largest cities in Central America. Located on the shores of Lake Managua, the city had an estimated population of 1,055,247 as of 2020, and a population of 1,401,687 in its metropolitan area. The city also serves as the seat of Managua Department.

Founded in 1819, Managua became the national capital in 1852. The city underwent a rapid expansion and urbanization between 1842 and 1930, leading it to become one of the most developed cities in Central America. Several earthquakes have affected the city's growth, especially the 1931 earthquake and the 1972 earthquake, but the city has been rebuilt several times. Today, the city is a major economic hub for both the country and Central America.
James Foster (Mormon)
James Foster (April 1, 1786 – December 12, 1846) was an early Latter Day Saint leader and one of the early presidents of the Seventy. He took the place of Leonard Rich as one of the seven presidents.

Foster was involved in pioneer work in Missouri before the Later Day Saints were expelled from the area; and he later settled in Jacksonville, Illinois, where he died.

Seventy (Latter Day Saints)
Seventy is a priesthood office in the Melchizedek priesthood of several denominations within the Latter Day Saint movement, including the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Traditionally, a Latter Day Saint holding this priesthood office is a "traveling minister" and an "especial witness" of Jesus Christ, charged with the mission of preaching the gospel to the entire world under the direction of the Twelve Apostles. Latter Day Saints teach that the office of seventy was anciently conferred upon the seventy disciples mentioned in the Gospel of Luke  10:1-2. Multiple individuals holding the office of seventy are referred to collectively as "seventies".
Lake Mary (California)
Lake Mary is a freshwater lake and the largest of the Mammoth Lakes in Mono County, California. Lake Mary has a campground on its northwest end and can be used for rainbow trout, brook, and brown trout fishing. The lake also features two marinas with motorboat and kayak rental.

The lake is accessible from the town of Mammoth Lakes via Lake Mary Road and is surrounded by the scenic Around Lake Mary Road. The unincorporated community of Lake Mary, California, is situated on the southeast shore of the lake.

According to the Eastern California Museum's interview with Maude Kemp (resident of Independence, California, born 1895), Lake Mary was named after Maude's grandmother, Mary Calvert (wife of Maude's grandfather, George Calvert).~

Mono County, California
Mono County (/ˈmoʊnoʊ/ MOH-noh) is a county located in the east central portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 13,195, making it the fourth-least populous county in California. The county seat is Bridgeport. The county is located east of the Sierra Nevada between Yosemite National Park and Nevada. The only incorporated town in the county is Mammoth Lakes, which is located at the foot of Mammoth Mountain.  Other locations, such as June Lake, are also famous as skiing and fishing resorts. Located in the middle of the county is Mono Lake, a vital habitat for millions of migratory and nesting birds. The lake is located in a wild natural setting, with pinnacles of tufa arising out of the salty and alkaline lake. Also located in Mono County is Bodie, the official state gold rush ghost town, which is now a California State Historic Park.
2015 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women Division B
The 2015 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women Division B was the 11th edition of the Division B of the Women's European basketball championship for national under-20 teams. It was held in Podgorica, Montenegro, from 2 to 12 July 2015. Bosnia and Herzegovina women's national under-20 basketball team won the tournament.

2014 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women
The 2014 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women was the 13th edition of the FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women. 16 teams participated in the competition, played in Udine, Italy, from 3 to 13 July 2014. France won the tournament.