hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Islam in the United Arab Emirates
Islam is the official religion of the United Arab Emirates. Of the total population, 76.9% are Muslims as of a 2010 estimate by the Pew Research Center. Most of them belong to the Sunni branch of Islam adhering to the Maliki school of jurisprudence. Media estimates suggest less than 20 percent of the noncitizen Muslim population are Shia.

Pew Research Center
The Pew Research Center (also simply known as Pew) is a nonpartisan American think tank based in Washington, D.C. It provides information on social issues, public opinion, and demographic trends shaping the United States and the world. It also conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, random sample survey research, and panel based surveys,  media content analysis, and other empirical social science research.

The Pew Research Center states it does not take policy stances. It is a subsidiary of the Pew Charitable Trusts and a charter member of the American Association of Public Opinion Research's Transparency Initiative.
Lidziya Marozava
Lidziya Marozava (Belarusian: Лідзія Аляксандраўна Марозава, Russian: Лидия Александровна Морозова, Lidiya Aleksandrovna Morozova; born 8 October 1992) is a professional tennis player from Belarus who has specialized in doubles.

On 1 October 2018, Marozava reached her career-high of No. 37 in the WTA doubles rankings.
She has won four doubles titles on the WTA Tour plus two doubles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour.

She has also won 21 doubles titles and one singles title on the ITF Circuit. On 25 September 2017, she peaked at No. 468 in the singles rankings.

Playing for the Belarus Fed Cup team, Marozava has an overall win–loss record of 4–3 as of August 2024.

Having entered the tournament as alternates when second seeds Hailey Baptiste and Caty McNally withdrew, she won the doubles at the WTA 250 2022 Abierto Zapopan, playing with Kaitlyn Christian and defeating Wang Xinyu and Zhu Lin in the final.

Wang Xinyu
Wang Xinyu (born 26 September 2001) is a Chinese professional tennis player. Wang reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 30 on 23 February 2026, and set a doubles ranking of No. 16 on 20 May 2024. Partnering with Hsieh Su-wei, she won the women's doubles title at the 2023 French Open. She also won a silver medal in mixed doubles, alongside Zhang Zhizhen at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
National Highway 713 (India)
National Highway 713, commonly referred to as NH 713 is a National Highway in North East India. It is a spur road of National Highway 13. NH-713 traverses the state of Arunachal Pradesh in India. This highway connects Joram and Koloriang via Palin in Arunachal Pradesh.

Spur route
A spur route is a short road forming a branch from a longer, more important road such as a freeway, Interstate Highway, or motorway. A bypass or beltway is not considered a  spur route as it typically reconnects with another or the same major road.
Aeneator
An aeneator (Latin: aēneātor or ahēneātor) was a specialized player of wind instruments who was attached to a Roman military unit. The word comes from Latin aēneus or ahēneus, "brazen", from aes, "copper alloy". While the size of individual Roman military units may have varied, they made extensive use of both acoustical and visual signaling in communications and each had an assigned banner bearer (vexillarius) and at least one aeneator.  A variety of instruments were used by aeneatores, including  the buccina, cornu, tuba, and lituus. In addition to their roles in the Roman army, aeneatores were also used for processionals and games, particularly in marching home from war.

Cornu (horn)
A cornu or cornum (Latin: cornū, cornūs or cornum, "horn", sometimes translated misleadingly as "cornet"; pl.: cornua) was an ancient Roman brass instrument about 3 m (9.8 ft) long in the shape of a letter 'G'. The instrument was braced by a crossbar that stiffened the structure and provided a means of supporting its weight on the player's shoulder. Some specimens survive in the archaeological record, two from the ruins of Pompeii.

The cornu may be difficult to distinguish from the buccina. It was used by the Roman army for communicating orders to troops in battle. In Roman art, the cornu appears among the instruments that accompany games (ludi) or gladiator combat in the arena, as on the Zliten mosaic.
Anna Kańtoch
Anna Kańtoch (28 December 1976 in Katowice, Poland) is a Polish writer of fantasy and crime fiction. She has published seventeen novels and numerous short stories.

Her 2008 short story Światy Dantego, 2010 short story Duchy w maszynach, 2013 short story Człowiek nieciągły, 2014 short story Sztuka porozumienia and 2009 novel Przedksiężycowi all received the Janusz A. Zajdel Award. She also received the Jerzy Żuławski Award for her 2012 novel Czarne.

Jerzy Żuławski Literary Award
Jerzy Żuławski Literary Award (Polish: Nagroda Literacka im. Jerzego Żuławskiego) is the annual award given by the Polish Writers Association to the best Polish speculative fiction published in the previous year. It is named after an early writer of science fiction in Poland, Jerzy Żuławski.

Unlike in the older Janusz A. Zajdel Award, where the winners are voted by the public, the Żuławski Award is awarded by scholars and critics in the literary field.

The award was established in 2008 by Polish science fiction writer, Andrzej Zimniak.
Sofiya Lifatova
Sofiya Sergeyevna Lifatova (Russian: София Сергеевна Лифатова, also romanized Sofia Sergeevna Lifatova; born 27 March 2003) is a Russian ice hockey player and member of the Russian national ice hockey team, currently playing in the Zhenskaya Hockey League (ZhHL) with Biryusa Krasnoyarsk.

Lifatova represented the Russian Olympic Committee at the 2021 IIHF Women's World Championship. As a junior player with the Russian national under-18 team, she participated in the 2019 IIHF Women's U18 World Championship and won a bronze medal at the 2020 IIHF Women's U18 World Championship.

Lifatova made her senior club debut with Biryusa Krasnoyarsk in the 2018–19 ZhHL season and has played the entirety of her career with the club. Lifatova was selected to the 2022 ZhHL All-Star Game.

Russia women's national under-18 ice hockey team
Russia women's national under-18 ice hockey team represents Russia at the International Ice Hockey Federation's IIHF World Women's U18 Championships. The Russia women's national U18 team is controlled by Ice Hockey Federation of Russia. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Ice Hockey Federation suspended Russia from all levels of competition.
Mao Sahib
Mao Sahib (Punjabi: ਮਾਓ ਸਾਹਿਬ) is a village and the birthplace of Mata Ganga in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 km from Phillaur, 14 km from Nurmahal, 47 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 120 km from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.
Ashim Ahluwalia
Ashim Ahluwalia (born 1972 in Mumbai, India) is a film director and screenwriter. He made his directorial debut with the feature-length documentary John & Jane (2005), which had a world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival and a European premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival, and won him the 2005 National Film Award for Best First Non-Feature Film of a Director. This was followed by his first narrative feature film Miss Lovely, premiered at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival. which won him India's National Film Award – Special Jury Award (Feature film), and Best Production Design at the 61st National Film Awards.

Working outside the mainstream Bollywood film system, Ashim Ahluwalia is part of a new generation of Indian directors.
His unconventional films blur the lines between documentary and fiction. His short films have shown at the Tate Modern, the Centre Pompidou and at the Venice Architecture Biennale.

Bard College
Bard College is a private liberal arts college in Annandale-on-Hudson, New York, United States. The campus overlooks the Hudson River and Catskill Mountains within the Hudson River Historic District and is a National Historic Landmark.

Founded in 1860, the institution consists of a liberal arts college and a conservatory. The college offers undergraduate and graduate programs. It participates in a network of many affiliated programs internationally.
Bill Giles (American football)
William F. Giles (March 10, 1932 – May 28, 1998) was an American college football and college baseball player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Chadron State College in Chadron, Nebraska from 1967 to 1971 and at Fort Hays State University in Hays, Kansas from 1972 until 1978, compiling a career college football head coaching record of 51–64–3. Giles was also the head baseball coach at Kearney State College—now known as the University of Nebraska at Kearney—from 1961 to 1964 and Eastern New Mexico University from 1965 to 1966.

A native of Alliance, Nebraska, Giles played football as an end at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln from 1951 to 1954. He also lettered in baseball at Nebraska in 1952, 1954, and 1944. Giles died on May 28, 1998, in Rapid City, South Dakota.

University of Nebraska at Kearney
The University of Nebraska at Kearney (UNK) is a public university in Kearney, Nebraska, United States. It is a part of the University of Nebraska system. The university was formed in 1903 by the Nebraska State Legislature as Kearney State Normal School. The school would later join the University of Nebraska system in 1989 and would re-brand to its current name in 1991.
Carl Andersen (politician)
Carl Andersen (born 27 January 1995) is a Danish politician who has been a member of the People's Parliament for the Liberal Alliance in the South Jutland since July 2024. He took office on 16 July 2024 as a deputy for Henrik Dahl who had been elected to the European Parliament at the 2024 European Parliament election in Denmark.

Carl Andersen was chairman of the Liberal Alliances Ungdom 2018–19, where he was ousted after accusations of not having handled the investigation of allegations of sexual abuse in the youth party satisfactorily. In addition, he is city council member for the party in Vejen Municipality and since 2018 member of the Liberal Alliance's Main Board.

People's Parliament
The People's Parliaments or People's Assemblies (Latvian: Tautas Saeima; Lithuanian: Liaudies Seimas) were puppet legislatures put together after the show elections in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to legitimize the occupation by the Soviet Union in July 1940. In all three countries, the elections to the parliaments followed the same script, dictated by functionaries in Moscow and borrowed from the examples of the incorporation of the Belarusian and Ukrainian lands into Soviet Union in the aftermath of the invasion of Poland in 1939.
Adam Plutko
Adam Gregory Plutko (/ˈplʌtkoʊ/ PLUHT-koh; born October 3, 1991) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians and Baltimore Orioles and in the KBO League for the LG Twins. He played college baseball for the UCLA Bruins.

UCLA Bruins
The UCLA Bruins are the athletic teams that represent the University of California, Los Angeles. The Bruin men's and women's teams participate in NCAA Division I as part of the Big Ten Conference and the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation (MPSF). For football, they are in the Football Bowl Subdivision of Division I (formerly Division I-A). UCLA is second to only Stanford University as the school with the most NCAA team championships at 125 NCAA team championships. UCLA offers 11 varsity sports programs for men and 14 for women.
Eugène Benoist
Eugène Benoist (28 November 1831, Nangis – 23 May 1887, Paris) was a French classical philologist.

From 1852 he studied at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, followed by work as a schoolteacher at the lycée in Marseille. In 1862 he obtained his doctorate, and five years later became a lecturer of ancient literature in Nancy. In 1869 he attained the title of professor, and from 1871, taught classes in foreign literature at the University of Aix-en-Provence. In 1874 he returned to Paris as a professeur suppléant of Latin poetry at the Sorbonne, where in 1876 he gained a full professorship. In 1884 he was elected a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.

He was the author of many works, for the most part, editions of ancient Latin authors, or critical articles on sections of Latin works; its original authors being: Plautus, Terence, Lucretius, Virgil, Horace, Catullus, Julius Caesar and Livy.

Plautus
Titus Maccius Plautus (/ˈplɔːtəs/ PLAW-təs; c. 254 – 184 BC) was a Roman playwright of the Old Latin period. His comedies are the earliest Latin literary works to have survived in their entirety. He wrote Palliata comoedia, the genre devised by Livius Andronicus, the innovator of Latin literature. The word Plautine /ˈplɔːtaɪn/ (PLAW-tyne) refers to both Plautus's own works and works similar to or influenced by his.
He influenced some of the greatest figures in literature, including Shakespeare and Molière (The Miser is partly modeled after Plautus's Aulularia).
2022 Women's World Matchplay
The 2022 Betfred Women's World Matchplay was the inaugural staging of the tournament by the Professional Darts Corporation. The tournament featured the top eight players on the 2022 PDC Women's Series Order of Merit, competing in a knockout format, with the winner earning a place in the 2022 Grand Slam of Darts and the 2023 PDC World Championship. The tournament was held at the Winter Gardens in Blackpool on 24 July 2022.

Fallon Sherrock won the title, defeating Aileen de Graaf 6–3 in the final.

Winter Gardens, Blackpool
The Winter Gardens is a large entertainment complex in Blackpool, Lancashire, England, which includes a theatre, ballroom and conference facilities. Opened in 1878, it is a Grade II* listed building, operated by Blackpool Entertainment Company Limited on behalf of Blackpool Council, which purchased the property from Leisure Parcs Ltd as part of a £40 million deal in 2010.

The Winter Gardens has hosted the annual Trades Union Congress, the Conservative Party Conference, Labour Party Conference, and the twice-annual Liberal Democrat Conference. The venue's owners claim that every Prime Minister, since World War II has addressed an audience at the venue.

It has also hosted the Blackpool Dance Festival since its inception in 1920, and the World Matchplay darts tournament since 1994. The annual dance competitions Miss Dance of Great Britain and Dance Master UK are hosted there annually.
Rhenium(IV) chloride
Rhenium(IV) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula ReCl4.  This black solid is of interest as a binary phase but otherwise is of little practical value.  A second polymorph of ReCl4 is also known.

Crystal polymorphism
In crystallography, polymorphism is the phenomenon where a compound or element can crystallize into more than one crystal structure.

The preceding definition has evolved over many years and is still under discussion today. Discussion of the defining characteristics of polymorphism involves distinguishing among types of transitions and structural changes occurring in polymorphism versus those in other phenomena.
Fort Cricket Hill
Fort Cricket Hill is an historic American Revolutionary War site in Mathews County, Virginia.  The site is located near the Gwynn's Island bridge, which carries Cricket Hill Road (Virginia Route 223) to the island from the mainland near the village of Cricket Hill.  From fortifications on this site (now marked by a plaque and observation deck), rebel Patriot forces fired on British forces controlled by the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, that had occupied Gwynn's Island.

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.

Virginia State Route 223
State Route 223 (SR 223) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known as Cricket Hill Road, the state highway runs 2.07 miles (3.33 km) from SR 198 at Hudgins north to SR 633 on Gwynn's Island, an island at the mouth of the Piankatank River in northeastern Mathews County.
BEL 20
The BEL 20 is the benchmark stock market index of Euronext Brussels. It tracks the performance of 20 most capitalized and liquid stocks traded in Belgium. In general, the index consists of a minimum of 10 and a maximum of 20 companies traded at the Brussels Stock Exchange. Since 20 June 2011, the BEL 20 has contained 20 listings, with the exception a one-month period in May–June 2018 when Ablynx stock was removed following the takeover by Sanofi, only to be replaced mid June by arGEN-X.

Stock market index
In finance, a stock market index or stock index is an index that measures the performance of a stock market, or of a subset of a stock market. It helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.

Two of the primary criteria of an index are that it is investable and transparent: The methods of its construction are specified. Investors may be able to invest in a stock market index by buying an index fund, which is structured as either a mutual fund or an exchange-traded fund, and "tracks" an index. The difference between an index fund's performance and the index, if any, is called tracking error.
Van der Hulst
Van der Hulst is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham van der Hulst (1619–1666), Dutch admiral

Pieter Teyler van der Hulst (1702–1778), Dutch Mennonite merchant

Pieter van der Hulst (I) (1570-1627/8), Flemish painter

Pieter van der Hulst (II) (fl 1623–1637), Flemish painter

Pieter van der Hulst (III) (?-1648), Flemish painter

Pieter van der Hulst (IV) (1651–1727), Dutch painter

Jan Baptist van der Hulst (1790–1862), Flemish painter

Pieter Teyler van der Hulst
Pieter Teyler van der Hulst (25 March 1702 – 8 April 1778) was a wealthy Dutch Mennonite merchant and banker, who died childless, leaving a legacy of two million florins (in today's terms: about EUR 80 million) to the pursuit of religion, arts and science in his hometown, that led to the formation of Teyler's Museum. This was not the value of his entire estate. He also founded Teylers Hofje in his name, and made important donations to individuals in the Mennonite community.
Dhawankhan Nishan
Dhawankhan Nishan  is a village in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India. It is located 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Kapurthala, which is both district and sub-district headquarters of Dhawankhan Nishan.  The village is administrated by a Sarpanch, who is an elected representative.

Kapurthala
Kapurthala (Punjabi pronunciation: [kə.puːɾ.t̪ʰə.läː]) is a city in the Punjab state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Kapurthala District. It was the capital of the Kapurthala State, a princely state in British India. It is an immediate neighbour of Jalandhar city proper, and a part of the Jalandhar Metropolitan Region. The aesthetic mix of the city, with its prominent buildings based on French and Indo-Saracenic architecture self-narrate its princely past. And for this reason, it has often been referred to as the “Paris of Punjab”. It is also known as the 'City of Palaces & Gardens'. According to the 2011 census, Kapurthala is the least populated city in India.
Changing Channels (Supernatural)
"Changing Channels" is the eighth episode of the fifth season of the paranormal drama television series Supernatural, and the 90th episode overall. The episode was written by Jeremy Carver and directed by Charles Beeson. It was first broadcast on November 5, 2009, on The CW. In the episode, Sam and Dean are trapped in a series of television show parodies by the Trickster, who attempts to force them into accepting their roles as vessels for the Apocalypse.

Jeremy Carver
Jeremy Carver is an American television writer and producer. He developed the series Being Human, Frequency, and Doom Patrol. Carver was also a writer and producer on the series Supernatural, serving as showrunner during seasons eight through eleven.
Phoenix Marrakesh
Phoenix Football Academy Marrakech (Arabic: أكاديمية فينيكس لكرة القدم مراكش), known as PFAM for short, is a professional women's football club based in Marrakech. Founded in 2018, it competes in the Moroccan Division 1 Féminine, the top division of Moroccan football.

Professional sports
In professional sports, as opposed to amateur sports, participants receive payment for their performance. Professionalism in sport has come to the fore through a combination of developments. Mass media and increased leisure have brought larger audiences, enabling sports organizations and teams to command large incomes. As a result, more sportspeople can afford to make sport their primary career, devoting the training time necessary to increase skills, physical condition, and experience to modern levels of achievement. This proficiency has also helped boost the popularity of sports. In most sports played professionally, there are many more amateurs than professional players, though amateurs and professionals do not usually compete.
Manbij Plain
Manbij plain (Arabic: سهل منبج [sæhl ˈmænbid͡ʒ]) is a vast plain on the eastern Aleppo plateau in northern Syria and southeastern Turkey. The plain runs along the western bank of river Euphrates for approximately 140 km from Nizip to Maskanah, with an average width of 15–30 km. It is located within the Manbij and Jarābulus districts of Aleppo Governorate in Syria, and the Nizip and Karkamış districts of Gaziantep Province in Turkey.

Jarabulus District
Jarabulus District (Arabic: منطقة جرابلس, romanized: manṭiqat Ğarābulus) is a district of Aleppo Governorate in northern Syria, on the border with Turkey. The administrative centre is the city of Jarabulus.

At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 58,889. Ethnically, it is mostly composed of Arabs and Turkmens but also includes Kurds, who settled in the area during the 17th century.

The Euphrates river enters Syria from Turkey in Jarabulus.
3AM (Matchbox Twenty song)
"3AM" (stylized as "3 am" on the album and "3 AM" on the single) is the third single and the third track from American rock band Matchbox 20's debut album, Yourself or Someone Like You (1996). Written by Rob Thomas, Jay Stanley, John Leslie Goff, and Brian Yale, the song was inspired by Thomas dealing with his mother's cancer as a teenager. The song was officially serviced to US modern rock radio in October 1997 and was given a commercial release outside North America the following month.

"3AM" topped the Canadian RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart for two weeks and peaked at number three on the US Billboard Hot 100 Airplay chart; it was not eligible to chart on the Billboard Hot 100 at the time due to not receiving a physical release in the United States. Outside North America, "3AM" reached number 31 in Australia and became a minor hit in Europe. A music video was also made for the song, directed by Gavin Bowden and filmed in Los Angeles.

Radio Songs (chart)
The Radio Songs chart (previously named Hot 100 Airplay until 2014 and Top 40 Radio Monitor until July 1993) is released weekly by Billboard magazine and measures the airplay of songs being played on radio stations throughout the United States across all musical genres. It is one of the three components, along with sales (both physical and the digital) and streaming activity, that determine the chart positions of songs on the Billboard Hot 100.