hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
J and B v Director General, Department of Home Affairs
J and B v Director-General, Department of Home Affairs and Others is a 2003 decision of the Constitutional Court of South Africa which dealt with the situation of children born via artificial insemination to a lesbian couple in a permanent life-partnership. The court ruled that the partner who was not the biological parent was to be regarded as a natural parent and guardian and that the children were legitimate in law, and ordered the Department of Home Affairs to register both partners as parents on the children's birth certificates.

Artificial insemination
Artificial insemination is the deliberate introduction of sperm into a female's cervix or uterine cavity for the purpose of achieving a pregnancy through in vivo fertilization by means other than sexual intercourse. It is a fertility treatment for humans, and is a common practice in animal breeding, including cattle (see frozen bovine semen) and pigs.

Artificial insemination may employ assisted reproductive technology, sperm donation and animal husbandry techniques. Artificial insemination techniques available include intracervical insemination (ICI) and intrauterine insemination (IUI). Where gametes from a third party are used, the procedure may be known as 'assisted insemination'.
2024–25 FIS Alpine Ski Europa Cup
The 2024–25 FIS Alpine Ski Europa Cup, organised by the International Ski Federation (FIS) is the 54th consecutive Europa Cup season, the second international level competition in alpine skiing.

The season started on 23 November 2024 in Levi, Finland, and will conclude on 23 March 2025 in Oppdal, Norway.

Oppdal Municipality
Oppdalⓘ is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Dovre region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Oppdal. Other villages in the municipality include Lønset, Vognillan, Fagerhaugen, and Holan. The Oppdal Airport, Fagerhaug is located in the northeastern part of the municipality.

The 2,274-square-kilometre (878 sq mi) municipality is the 24th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Oppdal Municipality is the 139th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 7,389. The municipality's population density is 3.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.3/sq mi) and its population has increased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Andrea Müller (athlete)
Andrea Müller (born 29 June 1974) is a German female former track and field athlete who competed in the pole vault. She was active during the early stages of the formal acceptance of women's pole vault into international programmes by the International Association of Athletics Federations. She briefly held the world record for the event, with a clearance of 4.18 m (13 ft 8+1⁄2 in) in August 1995. The former holder, Daniela Bártová, improved upon that the same month.

Internationally, she was a bronze medallist in the event at the 1994 Goodwill Games and took a silver medal at the 1997 European Cup. She was also a finalist at the 1996 European Athletics Indoor Championships and the 1997 Summer Universiade. She set a career best height of 4.30 m (14 ft 1+1⁄4 in) in May 1997, which was a European record.

She was twice national champion in the pole vault, taking the title at the German Athletics Championships in both 1994 and 1997, with Christine Adams winning in the intervening years.

1996 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 1996 European Athletics Indoor Championships were held at the Globe Arena, Stockholm, the capital city of Sweden from Friday, 8 March to Sunday, 10 March 1996.

This was the first edition to feature women's pole vault.
Len Taunyane
Len Taunyane ([lɪn tauˈɲanɪ] fl. 1880s – after 1904) was a track and field athlete from the Orange River Colony who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics in the Men's marathon, and was therefore one of the first two black Africans to participate in the modern Olympic Games.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Trinity College Kirk
Trinity College Kirk was a royal collegiate church in Edinburgh, Scotland. The kirk and its adjacent almshouse, Trinity Hospital, were founded in 1460 by Mary of Guelders in memory of her husband, King James II who had been killed at the siege of Roxburgh Castle that year. Queen Mary was interred in the church, until her coffin was moved to Holyrood Abbey in 1848.

The original church design was never completed. Only the apse, choir (with aisles) and transepts were completed.

The church was located in the valley between the Old Town and Calton Hill, but was systematically dismantled in 1848 due to the construction of Waverley Station on its site. Although its stones were numbered in anticipation of rebuilding and were stored in a yard on Calton Hill, by 1872, when a replacement church was built on the newly formed Jeffrey Street, only a third were left which were used to construct a version of the choir and apse which was the hall of the new church.

Calton Hill
Calton Hill  (/ˈkɔːltən/; Scottish Gaelic: Cnoc Coilltinn) is a hill in central Edinburgh, Scotland, situated beyond the east end of Princes Street and included in the city's UNESCO World Heritage Site. Views of, and from, the hill are often used in photographs and paintings of the city.

Calton Hill is the headquarters of the Scottish Government, which is based at St Andrew's House, on the steep southern slope of the hill. The Scottish Parliament Building and other prominent buildings such as Holyrood Palace lie near the foot of the hill. Calton Hill is also the location of several monuments and buildings: the National Monument, the Nelson Monument, the Dugald Stewart Monument, the old Royal High School, the Robert Burns Monument, the Political Martyrs' Monument and the City Observatory.

The area lies between the Edinburgh districts of Greenside and Abbeyhill.
John O'Shea (artist)
John O'Shea (1876 - April 29, 1956) was a California painter. His works are held in the permanent collections of several locations, including the Harrison Memorial Library, Monterey Museum of Art, Municipal Gallery of Modern Art, and the Bohemian Club.

Hugh Lane Gallery
The Hugh Lane Gallery, and originally the Municipal Gallery of Modern Art, is an art museum operated by Dublin City Council and its wholly owned company, the Hugh Lane Gallery Trust. It is in Charlemont House (built 1763) on Parnell Square, Dublin, Ireland. Admission is free. The gallery closed September 28, 2025 for major refurbishment.
1,4,7-Triazacyclononane
1,4,7-Triazacyclononane, known as "TACN" which is pronounced "tack-en," is an aza-crown ether with the formula (C2H4NH)3. TACN is derived, formally speaking, from cyclononane by replacing three equidistant CH2 groups with NH groups. TACN is one of the oligomers derived from aziridine, C2H4NH. Other members of the series include piperazine, C4H8(NH)2, and the cyclic tetramer 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane.

Piperazine
Piperazine (/paɪˈpɛrəziːn/) is an organic compound with the formula (CH2CH2NH)2. In terms of its structure, it can be described as cyclohexane with the 1- and 4-CH2 groups replaced by NH. Piperazine exists as a deliquescent solid with a saline taste. Piperazine is freely soluble in water and ethylene glycol, but poorly soluble in diethyl ether.  Piperazine is commonly available industrially as the hexahydrate, (CH2CH2NH)2·6H2O, which melts at 44 °C and boils at 125–130 °C.

Substituted derivatives of piperazine are a broad class of chemical compounds. Many piperazines have useful pharmacological properties, with prominent examples including sildenafil, ciprofloxacin, and ziprasidone.
Costa Rica at the 1980 Winter Olympics
Costa Rica sent a delegation to compete at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, United States from 13–24 February 1980.  This was Costa Rica's first appearance at a Winter Olympic Games, after five prior appearances at Summer Olympics.  The only athlete sent by the country was alpine skier Arturo Kinch.  In the only event he finished, the men's downhill, he came 41st.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
1932 United States Senate election in Florida
The 1932 United States Senate election in Florida was held on November 8, 1932. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Duncan U. Fletcher won re-election to a fifth term.

Fletcher's victory in the June 7 primary was tantamount to election, as the Republican Party did not field a candidate for this election.

Safe seat
A safe seat is an electoral district which is regarded as fully secure, for either a certain political party, or the incumbent representative personally or a combination of both. With such seats, there is very little chance of a seat changing hands because of the political leanings of the electorate in the constituency concerned or the popularity of the incumbent member. This contrasts with a marginal seat in which a defeat for the seat holder is considered possible. In systems where candidates must first win the party's primary election or preselection, the phrase "tantamount to election" is often used to describe winning the dominant party's nomination for a safe seat.
Brian Richardson
Brian Richardson can refer to:

Brian Richardson (bobsleigh) (born 1955), American Olympic bobsledder

Brian Richardson (cricketer) (1932–2020), Australian cricketer

Brian Richardson (rower) (1947–2024), Australian Olympic rower

Brian Richardson (footballer) (1934–2020), English footballer

Brian Richardson (cricketer)
Brian Douglas Richardson (15 May 1932 – 28 April 2020) was an Australian cricketer.

He played five first-class matches for Tasmania between 1954 and 1970. He scored 112 for Tasmania in the match against the touring MCC in January 1966. He played club cricket in Hobart for 24 years, scoring 9,612 runs at an average of 35.21 and taking 306 wickets at 18.50. In the 1968-69 season he scored 1001 runs for Kingborough at an average of 66.73.

Richardson worked as a horticulturist in the Tasmanian Department of Agriculture. He spent ten years as Director of a World Bank aid project in Kashmir.
Cape Shore
The Cape Shore is a region on the southwestern portion of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland, Canada.

Often confused or conflated with the Southern Shore (a rural district with strong Irish-Newfoundland heritage stretching south from St. John's to Trepassey), the Cape Shore is similarly rural and populated by Irish Newfoundlanders, but is geographically distinct. It is named for Cape St. Mary's, the southeastern tip of Placentia Bay, celebrated in the famous Newfoundland ballad Let Me Fish Off Cape St. Mary's.

The Cape Shore begins in the Town of Placentia and continues along the eastern shore of Placentia Bay, rounding Cape St. Mary's to include the St. Mary's Bay communities of Point Lance and Branch (because Branch and Point Lance are approximately 40 km away from the next St. Mary's Bay community, North Harbour, but only 16 km from the largest Cape Shore community, St. Bride's, they are included in the Cape Shore despite technically being in a different bay).

Trepassey
Trepassey (46°44.2′N 53°21.80′W﻿ / ﻿46.7367°N 53.36333°W﻿ / 46.7367; -53.36333) is a small fishing community located in Trepassey Bay on the south eastern corner of the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland and Labrador. It was in Trepassey Harbour where the flight of the Friendship took off, with Amelia Earhart on board, the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean.
Sana Fakhar
Sana (née Nawaz; born 16 June 1979), often credited on the film screen as Sana Nawaz, is a Pakistani film actress and model.

Sana was introduced to the Lollywood film industry by director Syed Noor in his film Sangam in 1997.

Sana won the Best Actress award at the Nigar Awards in 2002 for her role as Sitara in Yeh Dil Aap Ka Huwa (2002 film).

Lollywood
Lollywood is Pakistan's film industry, which has served as the base for both Urdu- and Punjabi-language film production.

Lahore has been the center of Pakistani cinema since independence in 1947. However, with the Urdu film hub largely shifting to Karachi by 2007, the film industry in Lahore became synonymous with the Pakistani Punjabi film Industry.

According to several media sources, the word "Lollywood" is a portmanteau of "Lahore" and "Hollywood", coined in 1989 by Glamour magazine gossip columnist Saleem Nasir, and is usually used comparatively with respect to other film industries in South Asian cinema.
Princess Protection Program
Princess Protection Program is a 2009 American comedy film released as a Disney Channel Original Movie. It is directed by Allison Liddi-Brown and stars Demi Lovato and Selena Gomez. The script was written by Annie DeYoung from a story by Annie DeYoung and David Morgasen. The film premiered on June 26, 2009, in the United States on Disney Channel and was released on DVD on June 30, 2009. The film won the 2009 Teen Choice Awards for Choice Summer Movie.

2009 Teen Choice Awards
The 2009 Teen Choice Awards ceremony was held on August 9, 2009, at Gibson Amphitheatre in Universal City, California. The event was hosted by the Jonas Brothers, Nick, Kevin and Joe, who also performed. Twilight took home most awards with the total of 10 wins out of 11 nominations, including Robert Pattinson winning Choice Male Hottie. Miley Cyrus presented Britney Spears with the Ultimate Choice Award.
Sea Life Charlotte-Concord
SEA LIFE Charlotte-Concord is an interactive aquarium located at Concord Mills in Concord, North Carolina, a suburb of Charlotte. The aquarium contains thousands of aquatic creatures, plus an interactive touch pool and an 180° ocean tunnel. SEA LIFE Charlotte-Concord is owned and operated by Merlin Entertainments.

Merlin Entertainments
Merlin Entertainments Limited is a global entertainment company based in London, England, which operates a number of theme park resorts and other visitor attractions. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange until November 2019. It was then privately acquired by the consortium Motion JVCO Ltd, which includes Kirkbi (the investment arm of the Kristiansen family that also controls the Lego Group and BrainPop).
Daniel Palka
Daniel Bennett Palka (born October 28, 1991) is an American professional baseball outfielder for the Algodoneros de Unión Laguna of the Mexican League. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago White Sox and in the KBO League for the Samsung Lions.

Syracuse Mets
The Syracuse Mets are a Minor League Baseball team of the International League and the Triple-A affiliate of the New York Mets. They are located in Syracuse, New York, and play their home games at NBT Bank Stadium, which opened in 1997 and has a seating capacity of 10,815.

The Mets are named for their major league affiliate and former owner, the New York Mets. In August 2025 they announced that they would be rebranding for the 2027 season. A "re-name the team" contest would be held to come up with name ideas, followed by fan voting and a reveal of the new team identity in fall 2026.

From 1934 to 1957, 1961 to 1996, and from 2007 to 2018, the team was named the Syracuse Chiefs, while from 1997 to 2006 it was named the Syracuse SkyChiefs. When the club was purchased by the New York Mets in October 2018, it was renamed the Syracuse Mets.
Knésetja
Knésetja (lit. "knee-setting"; German Kniesetzung) is the Old Norse expression for a custom in Germanic law, by which adoption was formally expressed by setting the fosterchild on the knees of the foster-father.

Adoption
Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents. Legal adoptions permanently transfer all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parents to the adoptive parents.

Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction. Historically, some societies have enacted specific laws governing adoption, while others used less formal means (notably contracts that specified inheritance rights and parental responsibilities without an accompanying transfer of filiation). Modern systems of adoption, arising in the 20th century, tend to be governed by comprehensive statutes and regulations.
Maclura cochinchinensis
Maclura cochinchinensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Moraceae. This vine or scrambling shrub is sometimes referred to by the common name cockspur thorn. The native range extends from China, through Malesia and into Queensland and northern New South Wales. The species inhabits various types of tropical forest: most commonly in monsoon forests. The globular, yellow or orange fruit are sweet and edible and were a traditional food source for Aboriginal Australians.

Malesia
Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It is a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical kingdom. It was first recognized as a distinct region in 1857 by Heinrich Zollinger, a Swiss botanist and explorer. The precise boundaries used to define Malesia vary. The broadly defined area used in Flora Malesiana consists of the countries of Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines, Timor-Leste and Papua New Guinea. The original definition by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) covered a similar area, but New Guinea and some offshore islands were split off as Papuasia in its 2001 version.
Nordnes
Nordnes is a peninsula and neighbourhood in the city centre of Bergen in Vestland county, Norway.

Vågen, Byfjorden, and Puddefjorden surround the peninsula.  The Bergen Aquarium is located at the tip of the peninsula. The Norwegian Institute of Marine Research and Fredriksberg Fortress are also located on Nordnes. The parish church, Nykirken i Bergen, is located in this neighborhood.

The neighbourhood of Nordnes includes approximately 50% of the peninsula. The neighbourhoods Strandsiden and Verftet, as well as parts of Nøstet, are also located on Nordnes.

Recreation areas include Nordnes Park and the Ballast Pier (Ballastbryggen).

One of the main recreation activities is visiting Nordnes sjøbad. This is an outdoor swimming facility with a heated pool and possibility to swim in the fjord. Nordnes sjøbad is open from 18 May to 1 September.

Nordnes was also a place of execution in the 14th century, including Audun Hugleiksson and False Margaret.

Byfjorden (Vestland)
Byfjorden (Norwegian: [byːfjɔrn], also [byːfjɔɾn], Bokmål: [byːfjɔɳ], Bergensk: [byːfjɔʁn]) is a fjord in Vestland county, Norway. The 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) long fjord separates the island of Askøy from the mainland Bergen Peninsula, passing right north of the city of Bergen on the mainland.

There is one road crossing over the Byfjorden: the Askøy Bridge, which crosses near the western end of the fjord. The name literally means city-fjord, and it is so named because of its importance as a transportation route into and out of the city of Bergen.
Scandinavian Ferry Lines
Scandinavian Ferry Lines or SFL became the new name when AB Linjebuss shipping line, LB, operating the northern Øresund, the HH Ferry route in competition with DSB, merged with shipping line "Svenska Rederi AB Öresund - Sundfart" which operated in the southern part of Øresund, between Limhamn (a southern Malmö borough) and Dragør just south of Copenhagen Airport The new joint name appeared in 1981. 
They continued sailing with former LB ferries at the HH route, but rebuild
them in the mid 1980s.
SFL became a major part of a Danish-Swedish-German deal which also involved ferry routes to Germany, as a new larger shipping line cooperation was founded in 1991, this is still today known as Scandlines.

Limhamn
Limhamn (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈlɪ̂mːhamn]) is, in an administrative sense, the southern district of Malmö Municipality in Sweden. Before 1915, Limhamn was (briefly) a town of its own.

The population of Limhamn-Bunkeflo (including suburbs) is 31,000, of which 7,000 live in the southern suburbs Tygelsjö and Bunkeflostrand, and some live in neighbourhoods that are not usually counted to Limhamn proper.
C. P. Cumberbatch
C. P. Cumberbatch (22 November 1882 – 15 February 1922) was a Trinidadian cricketer. He played in ten first-class matches for Trinidad and Tobago from 1909 to 1922. During the West Indies 1906 tour to England, C. P. Cumberbatch was sometimes confused with Archie Cumberbatch. It was only in 2000 that much of the confusion concerning these two men was resolved by Ray Goble and Keith Sandiford.

Trinidad and Tobago national cricket team
The Trinidad and Tobago national cricket team is the representative cricket team of the country of Trinidad and Tobago. The team competes under the franchise name, Trinidad and Tobago Red Force in the Cricket West Indies' Professional Cricket League which comprises both the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50. Trinidad has also won a sum of 13 regional one day titles, which is the most in the history of West Indies cricket.

The most prominent T&T cricketers include Jeffrey Stollmeyer, Sonny Ramadhin, Deryck Murray, Charlie Davis, Larry Gomes, Rangy Nanan, Gus Logie, Ian Bishop, Brian Lara, Mervyn Dillon, Daren Ganga, Ravi Rampaul, Dwayne Bravo, Denesh Ramdin and Samuel Badree.
Altstadt, Hamburg
Altstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈaltˌʃtat] ⓘ, lit. 'Old town'), more precisely Hamburg-Altstadt – as not to be mistaken with Hamburg-Altona-Altstadt – is one of the inner-city districts of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, Germany.

Alster
The Alster (German pronunciation: [ˈalstɐ] ⓘ) is a right tributary of the Elbe river in Northern Germany. It has its source near Henstedt-Ulzburg, Schleswig-Holstein, flows somewhat southwards through much of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg and joins the Elbe in central Hamburg.

The Alster is Hamburg's second most important river. While the Elbe river is a tidal navigation of international significance and prone to flooding, the Alster is a non-tidal, slow-flowing and in some places, seemingly untouched idyll of nature, in other places tamed and landscaped urban space. In the city center, the river forms two lakes, both prominent features in Hamburg's cityscape.