hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Serethor
Serethor was a woman who lived in ancient Egypt during the First Dynasty.

Serethor was a wife of the pharaoh Den. She is known from a funerary stela in Umm El Qa'ab, which is now in the Musée du Louvre, but no titles have been preserved. She may have been buried in the funerary complex of Den.

First Dynasty of Egypt
The First Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty I) covers the first series of Egyptian kings to rule over a unified Egypt. It immediately follows the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, by Menes, or Narmer, and marks the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period, when power was centered at Thinis.

The date of this period is subject to scholarly debate about the Egyptian chronology. It falls within the early Bronze Age and is variously estimated to have begun anywhere between the 34th and the 30th centuries BC. In a 2013 study based on radiocarbon dates, the accession of Hor-Aha, the second king of the First Dynasty, was placed between 3111 and 3045 BC with 68% confidence, and between 3218 and 3035 with 95% confidence. The same study placed the accession of Den, the sixth king of the dynasty, between 2928 and 2911 BC with 68% confidence, although a 2023 radiocarbon analysis placed Den's accession potentially earlier, between 3011 and 2921, within a broader window of 3104 to 2913.
Jan H van der Merwe
Johannes Hendrik van der Merwe (28 February 1922 - 28 February 2016) was a South African mathematician and physicist. The Frank–Van der Merwe crystal growth model carries his name and he was awarded numerous South African academic prizes. He is sometimes referred to as the "Father of Epitaxy". His research is seen as fundamental to applications in communication technology.

Clausthal University of Technology
The Clausthal University of Technology (German: Technische Universität Clausthal, also referred to as TU Clausthal or TUC) is an institute of technology (Technische Universität) in Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Lower Saxony, Germany. The small public university is regularly ranked among the Top German universities in engineering by CHE University Rankings. More than 30% of students and 20% of academic staff come from abroad, making it one of the most international universities in Germany. The university is best known for the prominent corporate leaders among its former students.
Kodad revenue division
Kodad revenue division (or Kodad division) is an administrative division in the Suryapet district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is one of the 3 revenue divisions in the district which consists of 5 mandals under its administration. Kodad is the divisional headquarters of the division.

Administrative division
Administrative divisions (also administrative units, administrative regions, subnational entities, or constituent states, as well as many similar generic terms) are geographical areas into which a particular independent sovereign state is divided. Such a unit usually has an administrative authority with the power to take administrative or policy decisions for its area. Administrative divisions are often used as polygons in geospatial analysis.
Dianshan Lake
Dianshan Lake (simplified Chinese: 淀山湖; traditional Chinese: 澱山湖; pinyin: Diànshān Hú) is a freshwater lake west of Zhujiajiao, Qingpu District, in Shanghai, China. Measuring 62 square kilometers (23.9 sq mi), it is the largest freshwater lake in Shanghai and the upstream of the Huangpu River.

The Shanghai Water Sports Centre was supposed to be the venue for the 2021 World Rowing Championships, but the event was cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic. It was the venue for the World Rowing Championships in September 2025.

2021 World Rowing Championships
The 2021 World Rowing Championships was planned to be held from 17 to 24 October 2021 in Shanghai, China. Due to COVID-19-related mitigation issues, the event was cancelled by the World Rowing Association at the request of the Shanghai Organising Committee (OC).

Normally, in an Olympic year, the World Rowing Championships would include only the non-Olympic events, but despite the postponement of the 2020 Summer Olympics to 2021 this year's World Championships were planned to include the full range of events.
Ljungskile
Ljungskile (Swedish pronunciation: [jɵŋsˈɕîːlɛ]) is a locality in Uddevalla Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It is located approximately 15 kilometers south of Uddevalla, at the coast of Ljungskileviken and at the base of Bredfjället. It had 4 026 inhabitants in 2023.

The locality is home to Lyckorna, the youngest seaside resort in Sweden. It was founded in 1877 by Robert Macfie, a Scottish immigrant. It is also home to Ljungskile Folkhögskola, one of the biggest Folk High Schools in Sweden.

The first half of the locality’s name stems from Ljungs Socken whose church is located in Ljungskile. Meanwhile, a “kile” is an old swedish word which translates roughly to “bay”. “Ljungskile” therefore means "Ljungs’s Bay”.

Seaside resort
A seaside resort is a city, town, village, or hotel that serves as a vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of an official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements such as in the German Seebad. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.
Borisovka, Uglovsky District, Altai Krai
Borisovka (Russian: Борисовка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Laptevsky Selsoviet, Uglovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 232 as of 2013. It was founded in 1923. There are 3 streets.

Uglovsky District, Altai Krai
Uglovsky District (Russian: Угло́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is 4,844 square kilometers (1,870 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Uglovskoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 13,888, with the population of Uglovskoye accounting for 31.5% of that number.
Valsequillo, Spain
Valsequillo is a municipality in the province of Córdoba, Spain.
According to the 2014 census, the municipality has a population of 385 inhabitants. Its postal code is 14206.

The town is located in the Sierra Morena, at the northern end of Córdoba Province near Extremadura.

Sierra Morena
The Sierra Morena is one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain. It stretches for 450 kilometres from east to west across the south of the Iberian Peninsula, forming the southern border of the Meseta Central plateau and providing the watershed between the valleys of the Guadiana to the north and the west, and the Guadalquivir to the south.

Its highest summit is the 1,332 m high Bañuela. Other notable peaks are Corral de Borros 1,312 m and Cerro de la Estrella 1,298 m.

The name Sierra Morena has a strong legendary reputation in Spanish culture and tradition, with myths about bandits (Los bandidos de Sierra Morena), a giant snake (El Saetón de Sierra Morena) and a child brought up by wolves (Marcos Rodríguez Pantoja), among others. This range is also mentioned in the famous Mexican song "Cielito Lindo" and in one of the most well known traditional Spanish songs, "Soy Minero", interpreted by Antonio Molina.
Amsterdam International Community School
The Amsterdam International Community School or AICS, is a school in the South and South East of Amsterdam established in 2003 which accepts children from 4 to 18 years old. It is a part of the Esprit Scholengroep. AICS is made up of 2 different campuses (South and South East, known as Sandcastle). The AICS has more than 2000 students from various cultures and nationalities to reach their goal of diversity.

AICS is an English-language Dutch public international school and offers both Primary education and Secondary education with the possibility of the IB diploma and the IB Career-related Programme diploma to be achieved.

IB Middle Years Programme
The International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme (MYP) is an educational programme for students between the ages of 11 and 16 around the world as part of the International Baccalaureate (IB) continuum. The Middle Years Programme is intended to prepare students for the three-year IB Diploma Programme and IB Career-related Programmes.

It is used by many schools internationally, and has been available since 1994. It was updated in 2014 and called MYP: New Chapter.

In the Middle Years Programme students are required to receive instruction in all eight subject groups: Language Acquisition, Language and Literature, Individuals and Societies, Sciences, Mathematics, Arts, Physical and Health Education, and Design.
Massacre (1934 film)
Massacre is a 1934 American drama film directed by Alan Crosland. The film stars Richard Barthelmess and Ann Dvorak as its Native American protagonists, and also features Charles Middleton, Sidney Toler, Claire Dodd and Clarence Muse.

Charles Middleton (actor)
Charles Brown Middleton (October 3, 1874 – April 22, 1949) was an American stage and film actor. During a film career that began at age 46 and lasted almost 30 years, he appeared in nearly 200 films as well as numerous plays. Sometimes credited as Charles B. Middleton, he is perhaps best remembered for his role as the villainous emperor Ming the Merciless in the three Flash Gordon serials made between 1936 and 1940.
Sertorius (Corneille play)
Sertorius is a play by Pierre Corneille on the revolt by Quintus Sertorius, created for the Théâtre du Marais of Paris for 25 February 1662, afterwards published in July of the same year. The literary scholar George Saintsbury considered Sertorius to be "one of Corneille’s finest plays", and declared that "the characters of Aristie, Viriate and Sertorius himself [...] are not to be surpassed in grandeur of thought, felicity of design or appropriateness of language".

Théâtre du Marais
The Théâtre du Marais (French pronunciation: [teɑtʁ dy maʁɛ]) has been the name of several theatres and theatrical troupes in Paris, France. The original and most famous theatre of the name operated in the 17th century. The name was briefly revived for a revolutionary theatre in 1791, and revived again in 1976. The present-day Théâtre du Marais operates at 37, rue Volta in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris.
Bernard Mayo
Bernard Mayo (1921 – 14 February 2000) was an English philosopher. 
He worked at University of Birmingham until 1968, when he joined University of St. Andrews as professor of moral philosophy, from which he retired in 1983.
He was editor of Analysis (1956–65) and The Philosophical Quarterly (1973–80).

Mind (journal)
Mind (stylized as MIND) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Mind Association. Having previously published exclusively philosophy in the analytic tradition, it now "aims to take quality to be the sole criterion of publication, with no area of philosophy, no style of philosophy, and no school of philosophy excluded." Its institutional home is shared between the University of Oxford and University College London. It is considered an important resource for studying philosophy.
2020 Prague Open
The 2020 Prague Open (branded as the 2020 J&T Banka Prague Open for sponsorship reasons) was a professional women's tennis tournament that was played on outdoor clay courts at the TK Sparta Prague in Prague, Czech Republic. It was a WTA International-class tournament on the 2020 WTA Tour.

The tournament was played from 10 to 16 August 2020, delayed from its usual late-April scheduling due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The tournament was held simultaneously with a second, U.S.-based event, the Top Seed Open in Kentucky, in order to provide additional options for players leading into the 2020 Western & Southern Open in New York City.

2020 Western & Southern Open
The 2020 Western & Southern Open was a men's and women's tennis tournament being played on outdoor hard courts from August 22–29, 2020. It was the first Masters 1000 tournament on the 2020 ATP Tour and the second WTA Premier 5 tournament on the 2020 WTA Tour. This was the first ATP tournament since the Tour was suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The 2020 tournament was the 119th men's edition and the 92nd women's edition of the Cincinnati Open. This event normally took place in Cincinnati, Ohio, but was held at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New York City, United States, in order to reduce unnecessary player travel by centralizing the tournament and the subsequent US Open in the same venue.
Hurley Glacier
Hurley Glacier (67°34′S 68°32′W﻿ / ﻿67.567°S 68.533°W﻿ / -67.567; -68.533) is a glacier between Mount Gaudry and Mount Liotard, flowing east into Ryder Bay, Adelaide Island, Antarctica. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1977 after Alec J. Hurley, a British Antarctic Survey mechanic at Halley Station, 1975–76, and Rothera Station, 1976–77.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Sunyani Central Mosque
The Sunyani Central Mosque is a mosque located in the Sunyani district in the  Bono region of Ghana.

On 18 October 2024, a swarm of bees attacked hundreds of Muslim congregants during their usual Friday prayers.

Friday prayer
Friday prayer, or congregational prayer (Arabic: صلاة الجمعة, romanized: ṣalāt al-jumuʿa), is the meeting together of Muslims for communal prayer and a service at midday every Friday. In Islam, the day itself is called Yawm al-Jum'ah (shortened to Jum'ah), which translated from Arabic means "Day of Meeting", "Day of Assembly" or "Day of Congregation".

On this day, all Muslim men are expected to meet and participate at the designated place of meeting and prostration (mosque), with certain exceptions due to distance and situation. Women and children can also participate, but do not fall under the same obligation that men do.

In many Muslim countries, the weekend includes Fridays, and in others, Fridays are half-days for schools and some workplaces. It is one of the most exalted Islamic rituals and one of its confirmed obligatory acts.
Football at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's European Qualifiers – Group 3
The 1968 Summer Olympics football qualification – Europe Group 3 was one of the four European groups in the Summer Olympics football qualification tournament to decide which teams would qualify for the 1968 Summer Olympics football finals tournament in Mexico. Group 3 consisted of five teams: Austria, Finland, France, Netherlands, Switzerland. The teams played home-and-away knockout matches. France qualified for the Summer Olympics football finals after defeating Austria 4–2 on aggregate in the final round.

Switzerland national under-23 football team
The Switzerland national under-23 football team (also known as Switzerland Olympic, Switzerland U-23) represents Switzerland in international football competitions in the Olympic Games. The selection is limited to players under the age of 23. However, the Olympics allows for the addition of up to three overage players. The team is controlled by the Swiss Football Association (ASF/SFV). In three previous appearances, Switzerland have won one silver medal at the 1924 Olympics in Paris.
United States v. Spy Factory, Inc.
United States v. Spy Factory, Inc. was a criminal case dealing with the largest chain of surveillance equipment shops in the United States, the San Antonio, Texas-based Spy Factory. The store and its officers Ronald Kimball, Marlin Richardson and Tracy Edward Ford were indicted on a total of 70 counts related to smuggling of and illegal trade in equipment used for wiretapping and surveillance. Despite motions to dismiss the case because of the alleged vagueness of 18 U.S.C. § 2512 and other issues, the company and all three officers pleaded guilty and were convicted.

Motion (legal)
In United States law, a motion is a procedural device to bring a limited, contested issue before a court for decision. It is a request to the judge (or judges) to make a decision about the case. Motions may be made at any point in administrative, criminal or civil proceedings, although that right is regulated by court rules which vary from place to place. The party requesting the motion is the moving party or movant. The party opposing the motion is the nonmoving party or nonmovant.
Water of Leith Walkway
55°53′9.73″N 3°20′23.31″W﻿ / ﻿55.8860361°N 3.3398083°W﻿ / 55.8860361; -3.3398083

The Water of Leith Walkway is a public footpath and cycleway that runs alongside the river of the same name through Edinburgh, Scotland, from Balerno to Leith.

Juniper Green
Juniper Green is a village on the outskirts of Edinburgh, Scotland, situated about 5.5 miles (8.9 km) south-west of the city centre. It bridges the city bypass, and extends along the foothills of the Pentlands. It is bordered by Colinton to the east, Baberton immediately to the north, and Currie to the south-west. It centres on Lanark Road, the main route leading out south-west of Edinburgh into the Central Borders. The village stands on an elevated ridge above the Water of Leith to its south.

Administratively, Juniper Green falls within the jurisdiction of the City of Edinburgh Council having been officially absorbed into the city in 1920.
Friedhelm Eicker
Friedhelm Eicker (5 April 1927 – 19 March 2022) was a German statistician and former professor at the University of Dortmund. He is known for his contributions in the development of heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors.

A native of Radevormwald, Eicker earned his PhD from the University of Mainz in 1956.

Radevormwald
Radevormwald (German: [ˌʁaːdəfɔʁmˈvalt] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Oberbergischer Kreis, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.  It is one of the oldest towns in the Bergischen Land, formerly the County and Duchy of Berg.
Governor of Laguna
The Governor of Laguna (Filipino: Punong Lalawigan ng Laguna) is the highest political office in the province of Laguna, Philippines. The governor holds office at the Laguna Provincial Capitol in Santa Cruz, Laguna and alternatively at the Laguna Provincial Capitol Extension in Calamba, Laguna.

Santa Cruz, Laguna
Santa Cruz, officially the Municipality of Santa Cruz (Tagalog: Bayan ng Santa Cruz),  is a municipality and capital of the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 126,844 people.

It is known for its white cheese, locally called kesong puti, freshly crafted from carabao's milk.
KA postcode area
The KA postcode area, also known as the Kilmarnock postcode area, is a group of 30 postcode districts in south-west Scotland, within 23 post towns. These cover East Ayrshire, North Ayrshire (including the Isle of Arran) and South Ayrshire.

Mail for the KA postcode area is processed at Glasgow Mail Centre, along with mail for the G, PA, ML and ZE postcode areas.

Post town
A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system. Including the correct post town in the address increases the chance of a letter or parcel being delivered on time. Post towns in general originated as the location of delivery offices. As of 2004, their main function is to distinguish between localities or street names in addresses not including a postcode.
Anchor Button (1948 film)
Anchor Button (Spanish: Botón de ancla) is a 1948 Spanish comedy film directed by Ramón Torrado and starring Antonio Casal, Jorge Mistral, Fernando Fernán Gómez and Isabel de Pomés. The plot focuses on three students at the Spanish naval academy. It was remade in 1961.

The film was filmed at the Naval Military Academy in Marín (Pontevedra) and its surroundings.

Naval Military Academy
The Naval Military Academy (Spanish: Escuela Naval Militar, ENM), at Marín, Pontevedra, in north-western Spain, is a coeducational naval academy that educates officers for commissioning primarily into the Spanish Navy and Spanish Navy Marines.
Jeremy Inkel
Jeremy Michel Neville Inkel (February 8, 1983 – January 11, 2018) was a Canadian electronic musician based in Vancouver. He was best known as a keyboard player and programmer for Left Spine Down and electro-industrial band Front Line Assembly as well as producing tracks for various well known musicians worldwide. He began his work with Left spine Down in 2003 when he replaced original member Frank Valoczy. He was invited into Front Line Assembly in 2005 and made his first contributions to their 2006 album Artificial Soldier. He also made contributions to Front Line Assembly side projects Noise Unit and Delerium. Inkel died from complications with asthma at the age of 34 on January 11, 2018.

3 Inches of Blood
3 Inches of Blood is a Canadian heavy metal band formed in 1999 in Victoria, British Columbia. After disbanding in 2015, they reunited in 2023 with a line-up of Cam Pipes, Justin Hagberg, Shane Clark, Nick Cates, and Ash Pearson. Their music is strongly influenced by the new wave of British heavy metal.
NUTS statistical regions of Estonia
The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) is a geocode standard for referencing the subdivisions of Estonia for statistical purposes. The standard is developed and regulated by the European Union. The NUTS standard is instrumental in delivering the European Union's Structural Funds. The NUTS code for Estonia is EE and a hierarchy of three levels is established by Eurostat. Below these is a further levels of geographic organisation - the local administrative unit (LAU). In Estonia, the LAU 1 is counties and the LAU 2 are municipalities.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.