hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mohd Sany Hamzan
Mohd Sany bin Hamzan (born 19 December 1978) is a Malaysian politician and teacher who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Hulu Langat since November 2022. He served as Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Taman Templer from May 2018 to August 2023. He is a member of the National Trust Party (AMANAH), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition and was a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), then component party of the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) coalition. He served as the 1st Youth Chief of AMANAH from 2016 to 2018 and Youth Elections Director of PAS from 2013 to 2015.

Pakatan Rakyat
Pakatan Rakyat (PR; English: People's Alliance) was an informal Malaysian political coalition and successor to Barisan Alternatif (BA). The political coalition was formed by the People's Justice Party (PKR), Democratic Action Party (DAP), and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) on 1 April 2008, after the 12th Malaysian general election, having previously formed the Barisan Alternatif (Alternative Front) in the 10th general election. On 20 April 2010, the Sarawak National Party (SNAP) officially joined as a member of the Pakatan Rakyat after being expelled from Barisan Nasional, but quit the coalition on 6 May 2011. The DAP declared the coalition "dead" on 16 June 2015, citing the inability of the rest of the alliance to work with PAS, after PAS's congress passed the motion to sever ties with DAP without debate. It was succeeded by Pakatan Harapan and Gagasan Sejahtera.
Robert Colman
Robert Colman DD (or Coleman, died 1428) was an English medieval Franciscan friar and university Chancellor.

Colman received his Doctor of Divinity from Oxford University. He was at the Franciscan friary in Norwich.  Among other works, he wrote Sermons, Sacred Lessons, and A Book of Sundry Poems. He was known for his "eloquence, erudition, wit, and judgment".

Colman was Chancellor of the University of Oxford in 1419. He resigned from the position in the same year and died in 1428.

Friar
A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Catholic Church. There are also friars outside of the Catholic Church, such as within the Evangelical-Lutheran Churches and Anglican Communion. The term, first used in the 12th or 13th century, distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their vow of stability. A friar may be in holy orders or be a non-ordained brother. The most significant orders of friars are the Dominicans, Franciscans, Augustinians, and Carmelites.
Lake, Oklahoma
Lake is an unincorporated community in Tulsa County, Oklahoma, United States. It is located at latitude 36°8'24" North, longitude 96°4'54" West. Lake is made up of two blocks of residential areas and one small store and has a population of approximately 50.

North
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.
Arnoud Boot
Arnoud W.A. Boot (born January 2, 1960 – Huizen, Netherlands) is a Dutch economist and professor of Corporate Finance and Financial Markets at the University of Amsterdam. He is a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2008 and its Social-Scientific Council.

He serves as research fellow at the Center for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) in London and as member of the Financial Economists Roundtable.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Take It Like a Man (Amanda Shires album)
Take It Like a Man is the eighth solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Amanda Shires. Produced by Lawrence Rothman and recorded at the RCA Studio B in Nashville, Tennessee, it was released on July 29, 2022, through ATO Records.

ATO Records
ATO Records (or According to Our Records) is an American independent record label based in New York City. The label was established in 2000 by Dave Matthews and manager Coran Capshaw.

ATO's roster includes My Morning Jacket, Brittany Howard, Black Pumas, Nick Hakim, Alabama Shakes, Rodrigo y Gabriela, Mattiel, Brandi Carlile, Joseph, King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard, Hurray for the Riff Raff, Benjamin Booker, Lee Ann Womack, SOJA, Okkervil River, Blind Pilot, Old 97's, Neal Francis, Monsters of Folk, Drive-By Truckers, Primus, Margaret Glaspy, The Claypool Lennon Delirium, J Roddy Walston and the Business, Amyl and the Sniffers and They Are Gutting a Body of Water.

The label also operates a sublabel, TBD Records, which was founded in 2007 and is best known for being the North American distributor for two Radiohead albums.

ATO is distributed in the US by Universal's Virgin Music Label & Artist Services and by PIAS Group in Europe.
Wrightia religiosa
Wrightia religiosa is a species of tree in the family Apocynaceae.  Its distribution includes: China (Guangdong), Indochina and Malaysia including the Philippines; no subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life.

This species is commonly a bonsai plant, used in pagodas of Indo-China and elsewhere.  In Viet Nam, it may be called: Mai chiếu thủy, mai chấn thủy, mai trúc thủy, or lòng mức miên; in English, it has sometimes been translated as water jasmine. It produces small, pendulous white flowers that have a fragrance similar to true jasmine.

Catalogue of Life
The Catalogue of Life (CoL) is an online database that provides an index of known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001 as a partnership between the global Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic Information System. The Catalogue is used by research scientists, citizen scientists, educators, and policy makers. The Catalogue is also used by the Biodiversity Heritage Library, the Barcode of Life Data System, Encyclopedia of Life, and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. The Catalogue currently compiles data from 165 peer-reviewed taxonomic databases that are maintained by specialist institutions around the world. As of September 2022, the COL Checklist lists 2,067,951 of the world's 2.2m extant species known to taxonomists on the planet at present time.
Nancy Nusbaum
Nancy Nusbaum (born 1946) is a Democratic politician who served as Brown County, Wisconsin, Executive from 1995 to 2003. She ran unsuccessfully for Wisconsin's 8th congressional district in 1994 as a Republican and in 2006 as a Democrat, and for the State Senate in the 2011 recall elections.

Brown County, Wisconsin
Brown County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 268,740, making it the fourth-most populous county in Wisconsin. The county seat is Green Bay. Brown County is part of the Green Bay metropolitan area.
Kings Norton railway station
Kings Norton railway station serves the Kings Norton and Cotteridge areas of Birmingham, England. It lies on the Cross-City Line from Redditch and Bromsgrove through Birmingham New Street to Lichfield. The station's main entrance is located on Pershore Road South, the A441.

Bromsgrove
Bromsgrove is a town in Worcestershire, England, about 16 miles (26 km) north-east of Worcester and 13 miles (21 km) south-west of Birmingham city centre. It had a population of 34,755 in at the 2021 census. It gives its name to the wider Bromsgrove District, of which it is the largest town and administrative centre. In the Middle Ages, it was a small market town, primarily producing cloth through the early modern period. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it became a major centre for nail making.
Glynne baronets
The Glynne Baronetcy, of Bicester in the County of Oxford, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 20 May 1661 for William Glynne, the former Member of Parliament for Carnarvon. He was the son of Sir John Glynne, Lord Chief Justice during the Commonwealth. The second Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Oxford University and Woodstock. The sixth Baronet was Member of Parliament for Flintshire and Flint. The title became extinct on the death in 1874 of Sir Stephen Glynne, 9th Baronet. The family estates, including Hawarden Castle in Flintshire, had been rescued from bankruptcy by the wealth of Sir John Gladstone, whose son William Ewart Gladstone (the Liberal prime minister) had married the ninth Baronet's sister Catherine; on his death, they passed to Catherine and William's eldest son William Henry Gladstone.

Flint Boroughs
Flint Boroughs (sometimes known as Flint or the Flint District of Boroughs) was a parliamentary constituency in north-east Wales which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and its predecessors, from 1542 until it was abolished for the 1918 general election.
Komsomolsk Nature Reserve
Komsomolsk Nature Reserve (Russian: Комсомольский заповедник) (also Komsomolsky) is a Russian 'zapovednik' (strict ecological reserve), encompassing the confluence of the Gorin River and the Amur River in the Russian Far East.  The reserve protects a meeting zone of multiple ecoregions in the lower Amur, including the northernmost reach of Manchurian taiga.  It is located about 50 km downstream (east) of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, in the Komsomolsky District of Khabarovsk Krai.  The reserve was created in 1963, and covers an area of 64,278 ha (248.18 sq mi).

Komsomolsk-on-Amur
Komsomolsk-on-Amur (Russian: Комсомольск-на-Амуре, romanized: Komsomolsk-na-Amure, IPA: [kəmsɐˈmolʲsk nɐ‿ɐˈmurʲə]) is a city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located on the west bank of the Amur River in the Russian Far East. It is located on the Baikal-Amur Mainline, 356 kilometers (221 mi) northeast of Khabarovsk. Population: 238,505 (2021 census); 263,906 (2010 census); 281,035 (2002 census); 315,325 (1989 Soviet census).
Prisoners of war in World War I
During World War I between 7–9 million soldiers surrendered and were held in prisoner-of-war camps. Approximately 10% (~750,000) died in captivity.

While the Allied prisoners of the Central Powers were quickly sent home at the end of active hostilities, the same treatment was not granted to Central Power prisoners of the Allies, many of whom served as forced labour, e.g., in France until 1920.

Forced labour
Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families.

Unfree labour includes all forms of slavery, penal labour, and the corresponding institutions, such as debt slavery, serfdom, corvée and labour camps.
Christianity in the Middle Ages
Christianity in the Middle Ages covers the history of Christianity from the fall of the Western Roman Empire (c. 476). The end of the period is variously defined - depending on the context, events such as the conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Empire in 1453, Christopher Columbus's first voyage to the Americas in 1492, or the Protestant Reformation in 1517 are sometimes used.

In Christianity's ancient Pentarchy, five patriarchies held special eminence: the sees of Rome, Constantinople, Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria. The prestige of most of these sees depended in part on their apostolic founders, or in the case of Byzantium/Constantinople, that it was the new seat of the continuing Eastern Roman, or Byzantine Empire. These bishops considered themselves the successors of those apostles.  In addition, all five cities were early centres of Christianity, losing their importance after the Levant was conquered by the Sunni Caliphate.

Early Cyrillic alphabet
The Early Cyrillic alphabet, also called classical Cyrillic or paleo-Cyrillic, is an alphabetic writing system that was developed in Bulgaria in the Preslav Literary School during the late 9th century. The systematization of Cyrillic may have been undertaken at the Council of Preslav in 893. It is used to write the Church Slavonic language, and was historically used for its ancestor, Old Church Slavonic.

It was also used for other languages, but between the 18th and 20th centuries was mostly replaced by the modern Cyrillic script, which is used for some Slavic languages (such as Russian), and for East European and Asian languages that have experienced a great amount of Russian cultural influence.
2009 Premier League Darts
The 2009 Whyte & Mackay Premier League was a darts tournament organised by the Professional Darts Corporation.

The tournament kicked off at the Echo Arena Liverpool, which hosted the biggest ever crowd for a PDC event of almost 8,000 in 2008.

New venues in Edinburgh and Exeter joined some of the UK's biggest arenas, including Belfast's Odyssey Arena, Manchester's MEN Arena, Birmingham's National Indoor Arena, the Sheffield Arena and Newcastle's Metro Radio Arena.

The tournament came to a conclusion with the play-offs on Monday 25 May at the Wembley Arena – coinciding with the Football League play-offs at the neighbouring Wembley Stadium over the same weekend. Phil Taylor was defending his Whyte & Mackay Premier League title once again, however he failed to retain it after losing to Mervyn King 10–6 in the semi-finals. James Wade beat King 13–8 in the final, to claim the £125,000 first prize and the first Premier League not to be claimed by Taylor.

Westpoint Exeter
Westpoint Exeter (formerly Westpoint Arena) is a multi-purpose indoor arena and showground, at Clyst St Mary, near Exeter, England. The capacity of the venue is 7,500 people. It hosts local concerts, fairs and exhibitions. Westpoint is the largest exhibition and entertainment venue in the South West and is located near to Exeter Airport.
Hadijat Gatayeva
Hadijat Gatayeva (also transliterated Hadizhat Gataeva or Khadijad Gataeva) is a Chechen Muslim humanitarian activist who, together with her husband Malik, took care of some of the Grozny's war orphans. She is usually referred to just as Hadijat.

Gatayeva and her children were one of the subject of the 2005 documentary film The 3 Rooms of Melancholia (Melancholian 3 huonetta) by Pirjo Honkasalo, who kept in contact with her ever since. Hadijat is also the titular "angel" in the 2008 book Angel of Grozny: Orphans of a Forgotten War by Åsne Seierstad.

Chechens
The Chechens (/ˈtʃɛtʃɛnz, tʃəˈtʃɛnz/ CHETCH-enz, chə-CHENZ; Chechen: Нохчий, Noxçiy, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. They are the largest ethnic group in the region and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy (pronounced [no̞xtʃʼiː]; singular Nokhchi, Nokhcho, Nakhchuo or Nakhche). The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Chechnya, an autonomous republic within the Russian Federation.

The North Caucasus has been invaded numerous times throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chechen community ethos and helped shape its national character.

Chechen society is largely egalitarian and organized around tribal autonomous local clans, called teips, informally organized into loose confederations called tukkhums.
SNX21
Sorting nexin-21 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SNX21 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the sorting nexin family. Members of this family contain a phox (PX) domain, which is a phosphoinositide binding domain, and are involved in intracellular trafficking. This protein does not contain a coiled coil region, like some family members. The specific function of this protein has not been determined. Multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.

Phosphinooxazolines
Phosphinooxazolines (often abbreviated PHOX) are a class of chiral ligands used in asymmetric catalysis. Colorless solids, PHOX ligands feature a tertiary phosphine group, often diphenyl, and an oxazoline ligand in the ortho position.  The oxazoline, which carries the stereogenic center, coordinates through nitrogen, the result being that PHOX ligands are P,N-chelating ligands. Most phosphine ligands used in asymmetric catalysis are diphosphines, so the PHOX ligands are distinctive.  Some evidence exists that PHOX ligands are hemilabile.
Paul Phillips (bodhran)
Paul Phillips (1959–2007) was one of Ireland's most popular and respected bodhrán players and teachers, immersed in the drum as an art form and in particular in the development and promotion of the style of play known as top-end. He shared stages at various times with Mary Bergin, Lunasa, Michael McGoldrick, Sean Ryan, Gerry O'Connor, Steve Cooney, Seamus Tansey and more. He was a regular member of Darragh Folk and Reely Jiggin. Phillips taught and toured widely across Europe, the United States and even as far afield as Timbuktu in the Sahara in 2006, bringing the drum to ever wider audiences. He was an experienced teacher and Comhaltas adjudicator and taught at many of the main summer schools in Ireland.

Phillips died suddenly on 16 September 2007. He had been playing music in the company of friends and was returning home to his wife Oonagh when he had a heart attack.

Mary Bergin
Mary Bergin (born (1949-09-13)13 September 1949) is an Irish folk musician who is widely acknowledged as one of the great masters of the tin whistle.  She plays in both the Irish Traditional and Baroque styles.
Emma Roldán
Emma Roldán (February 3, 1893 – August 29, 1978) was a Mexican character actress and costume designer. She is remembered as the sharp-tongued, domineering matron of Mexican cinema, and was nominated three times for a Silver Ariel Award.

Acted in some of Fernando de Fuentes most important movies, like El prisionero trece and El compadre Mendoza, both from his Revolution Trilogy, and first Mexican box-office Allá en el Rancho Grande.

Ariel Award
The Ariel Award (Spanish: Premio Ariel) is an award that recognizes the best of Mexican cinema. Given annually, since 1946, by the Mexican Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences (AMACC), the award recognizes artistical and technical excellence in the Mexican film industry. The purpose of the Ariel recognition is to stimulate and increase the excellence of Mexican cinema, favor the growth of the industry, and promote the meeting and strengthening of the national film community. It is regarded as the most prestigious award in the Mexican film industry and considered Mexico's equivalent to the Oscars of the United States.
Benevolent asylum
Benevolent asylums, also known as destitute asylums  or infirmaries for the destitute, were institutions established throughout the colonies of Australia in the 19th century to house destitute men; deserted, vagrant or homeless women and their children; and orphans not able to support themselves.  Poor conditions in the sleeping quarters and harsh treatment in some of these institutions created unpleasant experiences for many of those who had to reside in such places.

The colony of Victoria had nine benevolent asylums, of which three were attached to hospitals,  in 1857, with an annual cost to the colony (including some building costs) of £124,250.

By January 1860 there were 11 benevolent asylums in the colony of New South Wales, housing 1,282 inmates and with a total annual expenditure of £25,822.

Orphan
An orphan is a child whose parents have died, are unknown, or have permanently abandoned them. It can also refer to a child who has lost only one parent, as the Hebrew translation, for example, is "fatherless". In some languages, such as Swedish, the term is "parentless" and more ambiguous about whether the parents are dead, unknown or absconded, but typically refers to a child or younger adult.

In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan. When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e., if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).
Koiak 16
Koiak 15 – Coptic calendar – Koiak 17

The sixteenth day of the Coptic month of Koiak, the fourth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to December 12, of the Julian calendar, and December 25 of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence. This day falls in the Nativity Fast.

Koiak
Koiak (/ˈkɔːjæk/; Coptic: Ⲕⲟⲓⲁⲕ, [ˈkɔjak]), also known as Choiak (Ancient Greek: Χοιάκ, Khoiák) and Kiyahk (Coptic: Ⲕⲓⲁϩⲕ, Kiahk, [ˈkijahk]; Arabic: كياك or كيهك), is the fourth month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lasts between 10 December and 8 January of the Gregorian calendar, or between 11 December and 9 January of the Gregorian calendar in Coptic calendar years immediately following a Coptic calendar leap year (which occur every four years, in Coptic calendar years immediately preceding those that are divisible by 4 to produce an integer; i.e., 1719, 1723, 1727, 1731, etc. are all examples of leap years in the Coptic calendar).

The month of Koiak is also the fourth month of the Season of Akhet (Inundation) in Ancient Egypt, when the Nile floods historically covered the land. They have not done so since the construction of the High Dam at Aswan.
Floride (film)
Floride is a 2015 French comedy-drama film directed by Philippe Le Guay and starring Jean Rochefort and  Sandrine Kiberlain. The screenplay was written by Le Guay and Jérôme Tonnerre, based on the 2012 play Le Père by Florian Zeller. The film had its premiere at the Locarno International Film Festival in August 2015.

Philippe Le Guay
Philippe Le Guay (born 22 October 1956) is a French screenwriter, film director and occasional actor. He studied film at the IDHEC and began his career as a screenwriter before directing his first feature film Les Deux Fragonard in 1989. He is known for his work on The Women on the 6th Floor (2010), which was well received at the French box office, and the César Award-nominated Bicycling with Molière (2013).