hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vautrin (film)
Vautrin is a 1943 French historical drama film directed by Pierre Billon and starring Michel Simon, Madeleine Sologne and Georges Marchal. It is based on the novels featuring the character of Vautrin by Honoré de Balzac—Illusions perdues, Père Goriot and Splendeurs et misères des courtisanes—and is one of a number of adaptations of the author's works during the Occupation period. It was shot at the Cité Elgé studios in Paris and on location around Fontainebleau. The film's sets were designed by the art director René Renoux.

Vautrin
Vautrin (French pronunciation: [votʁɛ̃]) is a character from the novels of French writer Honoré de Balzac in the La Comédie humaine series. His real name is Jacques Collin (pronounced [ʒɑk kɔlɛ̃]). He appears in the novels Le Père Goriot (Father Goriot, 1834/35) under the name Vautrin, and in Illusions perdues (Lost illusions, 1837–1843) and Splendeurs et misères des courtisanes (Scenes from a Courtesan's Life, 1838–1844), the sequel of Illusions perdues, under the name of Abbé Carlos Herrera. In prison, he got the nickname "Trompe-la-Mort" ("Dodgedeath" or "Cheats-Death"), because he managed to avoid the death sentence repeatedly.
Raúl de la Hoz Quintano
Raúl de la Hoz Quintano (Spanish pronunciation: [raˈul de la ˈoθ kinˈtano]; born 4 May 1973) is a Spanish politician of the People's Party who was elected member of the European Parliament in 2024. He served in the Cortes of Castile and León from 1999 to 2024.

Cortes of Castile and León
The Cortes of Castile and León (Spanish: Cortes de Castilla y León) is the elected unicameral legislature of the Autonomous Community of Castile and León.

The tradition of the regional Cortes is traced back to the Royal Council (Latin: Curia Regis) of León (1188). The Curia Regis was a king's summons of the estates of the realm. Although the practical outcome of the Curia Regis of 1188 is still disputed, its charter seems to be an early move towards the rule of constitutional law, much like Magna Carta. The  Cortes of Castile and León is seated in the city of Valladolid.
Wolfgang Rohrbach
Wolfgang Rohrbach (Vienna, June 11, 1947) is an Austrian university professor, expert in economic history, insurance, and health economics, triple doctor of science, full member of the EASA, the European Academy of Sciences and Arts from Salzburg, president of Europa Nostra Austria, an organization for the protection of monuments in Europe from Krems, honorary president of OLIP, the organization for international publications on life insurance from Linz, as well as vice president of ÖSG, the Austrian Serbian Association in Vienna.

Krems an der Donau
Krems an der Donau (Austrian German pronunciation: [ˈkrɛms an deːɐ̯ ˈdoːnaʊ], lit. 'Krems on the Danube') is a city in Lower Austria, Austria. With a population of 24,821, it is the 20th-largest city of Austria and fifth-largest of Lower Austria. It is approximately 70 kilometres (43 miles) west of Vienna. Krems is a city with its own statute (or Statutarstadt), and therefore it is both a municipality and a district.
Douglas Young
Douglas or Doug Young is the name of:

Sir Douglas Young (judge) (1883–1973), British judge and Liberal Party politician

Douglas Young (1900–1972), one half of the British comedy duo Kenway and Young

Douglas Young (classicist) (1913–1973), Scottish poet, scholar, and translator; leader of the Scottish National Party

Douglas Young (solicitor) (born 1948), one of the founders of the British Armed Forces Federation

Douglas Young (cricketer) (1917–1995), English cricketer

Doug Young (politician) (born 1940), Canadian politician

Doug Young (ice hockey) (1908–1990), Canadian ice hockey defenceman

Doug Young (actor) (1919–2018), American voice actor

Doug Young (boxer) (born 1961), British boxer

Doug Young (sculptor) (born 1955), American sculptor

Doug Young (powerlifter) (1964–2005), American powerlifter

Douglas Young (classicist)
Douglas Cuthbert Colquhoun Young (5 June 1913 – 23 October 1973) was a Scottish poet, scholar, translator and politician. He was the leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP) from 1942 to 1945, and was a classics professor at McMaster University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Fusion Jonda
Fusion Jonda is a Puerto Rican band that blends Caribbean music with gypsy-flamenco sounds, melodies, and rhythms. The band has centered its music around Afrobeat, jazz, Arabic, and Indian music and has a contemporary approach.

As for the band's name, the word Jonda, a Spanish anachronism for deep, is related to Cante Jondo (in English, Deep Singing), which is the origin of Flamenco. The band is based on flamenco roots, and the "Fusion" comes from the Hispanic, Indian and African harmonies that they inherited in the Caribbean.

Afrobeat
Afrobeat (also known as Afrofunk) is a West African music genre, fusing influences from Nigerian (such as Yoruba) and Ghanaian (such as highlife) music with American funk, jazz, and soul influences. With a focus on chanted vocals, complex intersecting rhythms, and percussion, the style was pioneered in the 1960s by Nigerian multi-instrumentalist and bandleader Fela Kuti, who popularised it both within and outside Nigeria. At the height of his popularity, he was referred to as one of Africa's most "challenging and charismatic music performers."

Distinct from Afrobeat is Afrobeats, a combination of sounds originating in West Africa in the 21st century. This takes on diverse influences and is an eclectic combination of genres such as hip hop, house, jùjú, ndombolo, R&B, soca, and dancehall. The two genres, though often conflated, are not the same.
Infinitely near point
In algebraic geometry, an infinitely near point of an algebraic surface S is a point on a surface obtained from S by repeatedly blowing up points. Infinitely near points of algebraic surfaces were introduced by Max Noether (1876).

There are some other meanings of "infinitely near point". Infinitely near points can also be defined for higher-dimensional varieties: there are several inequivalent ways to do this, depending on what one is allowed to blow up. Weil gave a definition of infinitely near points of smooth varieties, though these are not the same as infinitely near points in algebraic geometry.
In the line of hyperreal numbers, an extension of the real number line, two points are called infinitely near if their difference is infinitesimal.

Smooth scheme
In algebraic geometry, a smooth scheme over a field is a scheme which is well approximated by affine space near any point. Smoothness is one way of making precise the notion of a scheme with no singular points. A special case is the notion of a smooth variety over a field. Smooth schemes play the role in algebraic geometry of manifolds in topology.
Scholia Sinaitica
The Scholia Sinaitica are fragments of a work of Roman law written in Greek, dating between 438 and 529 AD, containing comments to the books 35-38 of Ulpian's ad Sabinum treatise.

The papyrus fragments that show parts of the work were discovered by the Greek scholar Gregorios Bernardakis in the 19th century in a Mount Sinai convent.

The scroll is not the work of a single author, but of different authors at different times who are generally thought to be of Eastern origin. The literature suggests that the authors were connected to the Law School of Berytus, they cite numerous works of Roman jurists, texts from imperial constitutions and also the Codex Gregorianus, the Codex Hermogenianus and the Codex Theodosianus, demonstrating knowledge and availability of legal texts of Roman law broader than that demonstrated by contemporary authors of the western part of the empire.

Codex Hermogenianus
The Codex Hermogenianus (Eng. Hermogenian Code) is the title of a collection of constitutions (legal pronouncements) of the Roman emperors of the first tetrarchy (Diocletian, Maximian Augusti, and Constantius and Galerius Caesars), mostly from the years 293–94.  Most of the work is now lost.  The work became a standard reference in late antiquity, until it was superseded by the Breviary of Alaric and the Codex Justinianeus.
Calahorra
Calahorra (Spanish: [kalaˈora]; Aragonese: Calagorra; Latin: Calagurris) is a municipality in the Spanish autonomous community and province of La Rioja. During Ancient Roman times, Calahorra was a municipium known as Calagurris Nassica Iulia.

Aragonese language
Aragonese (/ˌærəɡəˈniːz/ ARR-ə-gə-NEEZ; aragonés [aɾaɣoˈnes] in Aragonese) is a Romance language spoken in several dialects by about 12,000 people as of 2011, in the Pyrenees valleys of Aragon, Spain, primarily in the comarcas of Somontano de Barbastro, Jacetania, Alto Gállego, Sobrarbe, and Ribagorza/Ribagorça. It is the only modern language which survived from medieval Navarro-Aragonese in a form distinct from Spanish.

Historically, people referred to the language as fabla ('talk' or 'speech'). Native Aragonese people usually refer to it by the names of its local dialects such as cheso (from Valle de Hecho) or patués (from the Benasque Valley).
Civilian life under the German occupation of the Channel Islands
During the five-year German occupation of the Channel Islands (30 June 1940 to 9 May 1945) civilian life became much more difficult. During that time, the Channel Islanders had to live under and obey the laws of Nazi Germany and work with their occupiers in order to survive and reduce the impact of occupation. Given no guidance on how to behave by the British government, there were individuals who got close to the enemy and others who undertook resistance activities.

Most felt they had no choice but to accept the changes and depredations to their lives and hope that external forces would someday remove the forces of occupation. The winter of 1944–45 was particularly hard; food and fuel were in short supply.: 193

Overall, and considering that at times there were two German soldiers and one Organisation Todt (OT) worker for every five civilians in the very small land area in the islands, there was minimal contact and socialising.

Ambrose Sherwill
Sir Ambrose James Sherwill KBE MC (12 February 1890 – 25 September 1968) was Bailiff of Guernsey from 1946 to 1959. In the early months of World War II, he helped in the administration of the Channel Islands when they were occupied by the Germans.
Novopskov
Novopskov (Ukrainian and Russian: Новопсков) is a rural settlement in the Starobilsk Raion of Luhansk Oblast in Ukraine. It is located on the Aidar, a left tributary of the Donets, in the basin of the Don. Population: 9,392 (2022 estimate) Prior to 2020, it was the administrative centre of the former Novopskov Raion.

On 19 September 2024, the Verkhovna Rada voted to rename Novopskov to Aidar as a part of the derussification campaign.

Donets
The Seversky Donets (Russian: Северский Донец) or Siverskyi Donets (Ukrainian: Сіверський Донець), usually simply called the Donets (Russian: Донец, lit. 'Don + - ets, suffix'), is a river on the south of the East European Plain. It originates in the Central Russian Upland, north of Belgorod, flows south-east through Ukraine (Kharkiv, Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts) and then again through Russia (Rostov Oblast) to join the river Don, about 100 km (62 mi) from the Sea of Azov. The Donets is the fourth-longest river in Ukraine, and the largest in eastern Ukraine, where it is an important source of fresh water. It gives its name to the Donets Basin, known commonly as the Donbas, an important coal-mining and industrial region in Ukraine.
Berndt Müller
Berndt O. Mueller (also Berndt Müller) (born 8 February 1950 in Markneukirchen,  German Democratic Republic)  is a German-born theoretical physicist who specializes in nuclear physics. He is a professor at Duke University.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Ahaetulla anomala
The variable colored vine snake (Ahaetulla anomala) is a species of opisthoglyphous (rear-fanged venomous) colubrid vine snake found in Bangladesh and India.  It is the first reported sexually dichromatic snake from the Indian Subcontinent, and until 2017 was formerly regarded as a subspecies of the green vine snake, Ahaetulla nasuta.

Colubridae
Colubridae (/kəˈluːbrɪdiː/, commonly known as colubrids /ˈkɒljʊbrɪdz/, from Latin: coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest fossil species of the family date back to the Late Eocene epoch, with earlier origins suspected. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica.
East Didsbury tram stop
East Didsbury is a tram stop on Greater Manchester's light rail Metrolink system and the terminus of the system's South Manchester Line (SML). It is on the east side of Kingsway in East Didsbury, close to Manchester's boundary with Heaton Mersey in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport. It was built as part of Phase 3b of the network's expansion and opened on 23 May 2013.

Tram stop
A tram stop, tram station, streetcar stop, or light rail station is a place designated for a tram, streetcar, or light rail vehicle to stop so passengers can board or alight it. Generally, tram stops share most characteristics of bus stops, but because trams operate on rails, they often include railway platforms, especially if stepless entries are provided for accessibility. However, trams may also be used with bus stop type flags and with mid-street pavements as platforms, in street running mode.
Markeb
Markeb (a variant form of Markab) is the proper name for some stars.

Markeb, the IAU-approved proper name of the star Kappa Velorum, in the constellation of Vela

Markeb, a traditional name sometimes used for the star k Puppis, in the constellation of Puppis

Vela (constellation)
Vela is a constellation in the southern sky, which contains the Vela Supercluster. Its name is Latin for the sails of a ship, and it was originally part of a larger constellation, the ship Argo Navis, which was later divided into three parts, the others being Carina and Puppis. With an apparent magnitude of 1.8, its brightest star is the hot blue multiple star Gamma Velorum, one component of which is the closest and brightest Wolf-Rayet star in the sky. Delta and Kappa Velorum, together with Epsilon and Iota Carinae, form the asterism known as the False Cross. 1.95-magnitude Delta is actually a triple or quintuple star system.
Church of Our Lady of Good Counsel & Shrine of St. Anthony, Sion
Church of Our Lady of Good Counsel & Shrine of St. Anthony former
Our Lady of Good Counsel Church initially known by its name in Portuguese, Nossa Senhora de Bom Concelho, is one of the oldest churches in, Bombay built by the Portuguese Franciscans. It was built at Sion and was initially affiliated to the St. Michael's Church at Mahim in 1596. The artistically done stained glass windows of the Church portray the martyrdom of  Blessed Thomas of Tolentino, Fr. James of Padua, Fr. Peter of Siena, a Cleric and Br. Demetrius of Tiflis at Thane, in April 1321.

Thomas of Tolentino
Thomas of Tolentino, OFM (Italian: Tommaso di or da Tolentino; c. 1255 – 8 April 1321) was an Italian Franciscan missionary who was martyred with his three companions in Thane, India, for blaspheming Muhammad. His relics were removed to Quanzhou, China, and Tolentino, Italy, by Odoric of Pordenone. He was canonized in 1321, with his feast day now held on April 9.
A73 motorway (Netherlands)
The A73 motorway (Dutch: Rijksweg 73) is a motorway in the Netherlands. It is 106 kilometers in length and connects the A50 at the Ewijk interchange in Beuningen through Venlo and Roermond to the Het Vonderen interchange with the A2 in Maasbracht.

For its entire route, the A73 follows the path of the Meuse river, thereby opening up north and central Limburg to traffic.

Beuningen
Beuningen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbøːnɪŋə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality and a town in the eastern Netherlands. The municipality consists of the towns Beuningen, Ewijk, Winssen and Weurt. 1.5 kilometres (1 mi) to the north lies the river Waal

Beuningen lies adjacent to the A73 (Nijmegen-Venlo, on the south side) and A50 (Zwolle-Eindhoven, in the west) motorway interchange. East of Beuningen lies the city Nijmegen. Beuningen had a population of 26,157 in 2021. There is a restored windmill in the town, De Haag.
DeWain Valentine
De Wain Valentine (1936 – February 20, 2022) was an American minimalist sculptor who was born in Fort Collins, Colorado. Often associated with the Light and Space movement in the 1960s, he is best known for his minimalist sculptures of translucent glass (such as Diamond Column in the collection of the Honolulu Museum of Art), fiberglass and cast polyester resin (such as Double Pyramid in the collection of the Honolulu Museum of Art) having slick surfaces suggestive of machine made objects. He lived and worked in Gardena, California.

Gardena, California
Gardena is a city located in the South Bay region of Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 61,027 at the 2020 census, up from 58,829 at the 2010 census. Until 2014, the U.S. census cited the City of Gardena as the place with the highest percentage of Japanese Americans in California. Gardena's Japanese American population contributes to the South Bay region of Los Angeles being home to the highest density of Japanese companies within the mainland United States.
Rancho San Gregorio
Rancho San Gregorio was a  17,783-acre (71.97 km2) Mexican land grant in present day San Mateo County, California  given in 1839  by Governor Juan Alvarado  to Antonio Buelna.  At the time, the grant was in Santa Cruz County; an 1868 boundary adjustment gave the land to San Mateo County.  The rancho extended from Tunitas Creek in the north to the mouth of Pomponio Creek and encompassed  San Gregorio, California, San Gregorio State Beach and  La Honda

Pomponio Creek
Pomponio Creek is a 7.2 miles (11.6 km) westward flowing stream in San Mateo County, California that originates on the western slope of the Santa Cruz Mountains and flows into the Pacific Ocean at Pomponio State Beach.
Geophysical fluid dynamics
Geophysical fluid dynamics, in its broadest meaning, is the application of fluid dynamics to naturally occurring flows, such as lava, oceans, and atmospheres, on Earth and other planets.

Two physical features that are common to many of the phenomena studied in geophysical fluid dynamics are rotation of the fluid due to the planetary rotation and stratification (layering).

The applications of geophysical fluid dynamics do not generally include the circulation of the mantle, which is the subject of geodynamics, or fluid phenomena in the magnetosphere.
Ocean circulation and air circulation are typically studied in oceanography and meteorology.

Rotating reference frame
A rotating frame of reference is a special case of a non-inertial reference frame that is rotating relative to an inertial reference frame. An everyday example of a rotating reference frame is the surface of the Earth. (This article considers only frames rotating about a fixed axis. For more general rotations, see Euler angles.)
Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
The Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (short IWR) is a scientific research institute of the Heidelberg University, Germany. It centralizes scientific activity and promotes research and work in scientific computing.
Founded in 1987 by the Heidelberg University and the state of Baden-Württemberg, IWR participates in joint project and cooperations with industry in Germany as well as abroad. As a research institute with about 380 staff, IWR is considered one of the world's largest research centers for scientific computing.

German Universities Excellence Initiative
The Excellence Initiative of the German Council of Science and Humanities and the German Research Foundation (DFG) aims to promote cutting-edge research and to create outstanding conditions for young scholars at universities, to deepen cooperation between disciplines and institutions, to strengthen international cooperation of research, and to enhance the international appeal of excellent German universities. It is the result of lengthy negotiations between the federal government and the German states.
Richilde (fairy tale)
"Richilde" is a German literary fairy tale, written by Johann Karl August Musäus, published in 1782 in the first volume of his collection Volksmärchen der Deutschen ("Folktales of the Germans"). It is Aarne–Thompson type 709, Snow White, focused on the character of the wicked stepmother.

Johann Karl August Musäus
Johann Karl August Musäus (29 March 1735 – 28 October 1787) was a German author. He was one of the first collectors of German folk stories, most celebrated for his Volksmärchen der Deutschen (1782–1787), a collection of German fairy tales retold as satires.
Ninth Street station (PATH)
The Ninth Street station is a station on the PATH system. Located at the intersection of 9th Street and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas) in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, it is served by the Hoboken–33rd Street and Journal Square–33rd Street lines on weekdays, and by the Journal Square–33rd Street (via Hoboken) line on weekends.

Journal Square–33rd Street (via Hoboken)
Journal Square–33rd Street (via Hoboken) (JSQ-33 via HOB) is a rapid transit service operated by the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) railroad. It is colored yellow and blue on the PATH service map, and trains on this service display both yellow and blue marker lights. This service operates from Journal Square in Jersey City, New Jersey by way of the Uptown Hudson Tubes to 33rd Street in Midtown Manhattan, New York, with trains reversing direction mid-route at Hoboken Terminal. The 6.7-mile (10.8 km) trip takes 26 minutes to complete.
Agostino Scilla
Agostino Scilla (10 August 1629 – 31 May 1700) was an Italian Baroque painter, paleontologist, geologist,  numismatist, and a pioneer in the study of fossils and in scientific illustration. In addition to his paintings, he published an early text on paleontology: La vana speculazione disingannata dal senso ("Vain Speculation Undeceived by Sense", 1670) which was introduced to English audiences by William Wotton of the Royal Society in 1696. He was among the first to promote a scientific understanding of fossils in contrast to fantastic Biblical and divine interpretations.

William Wotton
William Wotton (13 August 1666 – 13 February 1727) was an English theologian, classical scholar and linguist. He is chiefly remembered for his remarkable abilities in learning languages and for his involvement in the Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns. In Wales he is remembered as the collector and first translator of the ancient Welsh laws.