hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Culture series
The Culture series is a science fiction series written by Scottish author Iain M. Banks and released from 1987 until 2012. The stories centre on The Culture, a utopian, post-scarcity space society of humanoid aliens and advanced superintelligent artificial intelligences living in artificial habitats spread across the Milky Way galaxy. The main themes of the series are the dilemmas that an idealistic, more-advanced civilization faces in dealing with smaller, less-advanced civilizations that do not share its ideals, and whose behaviour it sometimes finds barbaric. In some of the stories, action takes place mainly in non-Culture environments, and the leading characters are often on the fringes of (or non-members of) the Culture, sometimes acting as agents of Culture (knowing and unknowing) in its plans to civilize the galaxy. Each novel is a self-contained story with new characters, although reference is occasionally made to the events of previous novels.

Space settlement
A space settlement (also called a space habitat, spacestead, space city or space colony) is a settlement in outer space, sustaining more extensively habitation facilities in space than a general space station or spacecraft. Possibly including closed ecological systems, its particular purpose is permanent habitation.

No space settlement has been constructed yet, but many design concepts, with varying degrees of realism, have been introduced in science-fiction or proposed for actual realization.

Space settlements include orbital settlements (also called orbital habitat, orbital stead, orbital city or orbital colony) around the Earth or any other celestial body, as well as cyclers and interstellar arks, as generation ships or world ships.

Space settlements are a form of extraterrestrial settlements, which more broadly includes habitats built on or within a body other than Earth, such as a settlement developed from a moonbase, a Mars habitat or an asteroid.
Eric Futch
Eric Futch (born April 25, 1993) is a track and field athlete who represents the United States and competes in the 400-meter hurdles.

Competing for the Florida Gators, Futch won the 400 meter hurdles at the 2016 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships.

At the 2012 World Junior Championships in Athletics, Futch won the 400 metres hurdles.

Futch won the 400 meter hurdles at the 2017 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships to qualify for the 2017 World Championships in Athletics.

2012 World Junior Championships in Athletics
The 2012 World Junior Championships in Athletics was an international athletics competition for athletes qualifying as juniors (born 1993 or later) which was held at the Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, on 10–15 July 2012. A total of 44 athletics events were contested at the championships, 22 by male and 22 by female athletes.

Several medalists from the 2010 championships were eligible to defend their titles, including Jacko Gill, Jodie Williams, Shaunae Miller, and Angelica Bengtsson.  Gill and Bengtsson were successful.
A Muse in Her Feelings
A Muse in Her Feelings is the third studio album by Canadian R&B duo dvsn. It was released on April 17, 2020, via OVO Sound. Production was handled mainly by Paul "Nineteen85" Jefferies, along with Allen Ritter, Bryan-Michael Cox, Robin Hannibal and Stevn "Stwo" Vidal among others. It features guest appearances from Buju Banton, Future, Jessie Reyez, PartyNextDoor, Popcaan, Shantel May, Snoh Aalegra, Summer Walker and Ty Dolla Sign. On July 10, 2020 a chopped and screwed remix was released by DJ Candlestick and OG Ron C of The Chopstars. On January 15, 2021, the deluxe EP Amusing Her Feelings was released, with a guest appearance from Miguel.

Popcaan
Andrae Hugh Sutherland (born 19 July 1988), known professionally as Popcaan, is a Jamaican dancehall singer.

In 2008, Popcaan joined Vybz Kartel's Gaza Music Empire. In 2010, he released his breakthrough international hit "Clarks" with Kartel, an ode to the shoe brand. In 2013, Popcaan signed with Mixpak Records and released his debut studio album, Where We Come From. In 2016, Popcaan signed with Canadian rapper Drake's record label OVO Sound and Warner Records. His second album for Mixpak, entitled Forever, was released in 2018.

Popcaan's international singles include "Only Man She Want", "Everything Nice", "Ova Dweet", "El Chapo", and "Family". He has collaborated with a number of international artists, most notably Drake, Jamie xx, Pusha T, Giggs, Matoma, Wale, Gorillaz, and Davido. Popcaan made his acting debut in the film The Intent 2: The Come Up (2018).
No Doubt About It (Neal McCoy song)
"No Doubt About It" is a song written by John Scott Sherrill and Steve Seskin, and recorded by American country music artist Neal McCoy.  It was released in December 1993 as the first single and title track from his album No Doubt About It.  McCoy's rendition was his breakthrough single release, becoming his first Number One country hit in early 1994.

John Scott Sherrill
John Scott Sherrill is an American songwriter whose work is primarily in the field of country music. His brother, Donn Sherrill, was a student at Vanderbilt, where he introduced John Scott to his fraternity brother, Scott Siman, who recorded demos of his music.  He pitched the music to Bob Beckham at Combine Music, and Beckham signed him to a worldwide publishing deal. He also got a record deal with Portrait Records in the early 1980s and released a few solo singles of his own.

He has written songs for such artists as John Anderson, Brooks & Dunn, Jimmy Buffett, Johnny Lee, George Strait, Steve Wariner, Patty Loveless, Josh Turner, Waylon Jennings, Alison Krauss, Peter Wolf, Mick Jagger, Michael McDonald and Willie Nelson and Kris Kristofferson.  He is the son of Christian writers John and Elizabeth Sherrill. In the 1980s, Sherrill recorded on Reprise Records with Bob DiPiero and Dennis Robbins as the band Billy Hill.
MSC Carouge
MSC Carouge is a container ship built in 2007 by the Daewoo Mangalia Heavy Industries in Mangalia, Romania and currently operated by Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A. She is the third ship delivered to the Swiss company in a series of 12 ordered.
The 54,549 DWT ship has a container capacity of 4,860 TEU's.

Mediterranean Shipping Company
Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A., branded as MSC, is an international shipping line founded by Italian Gianluigi Aponte and his wife Rafaela Aponte-Diamant in Italy in 1970. The company is owned by the Aponte-Diamant family with its headquarters in the suburb of Champel, Geneva, Switzerland, since 1978. It is the world's largest container shipping company by both fleet size and cargo capacity, controlling 21.2% of global container capacity as of November 2025.

As of September 2025, MSC operates about 900 cargo vessels with an intake capacity of 7,000,000 twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU). MSC subsidiaries operate rail freight transport in Portugal and Spain, cruise ships, and cargo aircraft.

The company is independent and wholly owned by the Aponte-Diamant family under the leadership of Diego Aponte. Diego was appointed president and CEO by his father and company founder Gianluigi in October 2014. In December 2020, Soren Toft became MSC chief executive officer.
Science and technology in China
Science and technology in the People's Republic of China have developed rapidly from the 1980s to the 2020s, with major scientific and technological progress over the last four decades. From the 1980s to the 1990s, the government of the People's Republic of China successively launched the 863 Program and the "Strategy to Revitalize the Country Through Science and Education", which greatly promoted the development of China's science and technological institutions.

As per the Global Innovation Index in 2025, China was considered one of the most innovative in the world, ranking 10th globally, third in the Asia & Oceania region, and second for large countries with a population of over 100 million.

Project 639
639 was the codename for China's first full-scale test of a two-staged thermonuclear device, on 17 June 1967, yielding 3.3 megatons of TNT. It followed the first two-stage thermonuclear test, at a smaller 122 kt yield, in December 1966. It was the sixth nuclear test that was carried out by the People's Republic of China, and represented the completion of the "second bomb" i.e. thermonuclear bomb component of the "Two Bombs, One Satellite" program. With these two tests, China became the fourth nation to develop thermonuclear weapons, following the US, USSR, and UK. Taking place 32 months after the first Chinese nuclear test, Project 596, it remains the fastest progression from nuclear to full thermonuclear test of any country.
1941 Svenska Cupen
The 1941 Svenska Cupen was the first season of the main Swedish football Cup. The competition was concluded on 26 October 1941 with the final, held at Råsunda Stadium, Solna in Stockholm County. Helsingborgs IF won the final 3–1 against IK Sleipner before an attendance of 10,763 spectators.

Svenska Cupen
Svenska cupen (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsvɛ̂nːska ˈkɵ̌pːɛn], lit. 'the Swedish cup'), also known as the Swedish Cup in English, is a knockout cup competition in Swedish football and the main Swedish football cup. Svenska cupen usually refers to the men's tournament, although a women's tournament is also held. Each year 96 teams compete, comprising the 16 teams from Allsvenskan and the 16 teams of Superettan together with 64 teams from lower tiers of the league system. The winners qualify for the qualifying stages of the UEFA Europa League. The winner is awarded the Gustaf VI Adolf cup.

Svenska cupen was first held in 1941. The current holders of the cup are BK Häcken who beat Malmö FF in the 2025 final. Malmö FF are the most successful club of the competition having won 16 titles, the latest in 2024.
Manohar Naik
Manohar Rajusingh Naik is an Indian politician of the Nationalist Congress Party in the state of Maharashtra. 
The Naik family has not lost the  Pusad (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Seat since 1952.

The Naik family has tremendous influence over Banjara community, a scheduled tribe, which is in significant number in Yavatmal and a deciding factor in Pusad constituency.

Yavatmal district
Yavatmal district pronunciationⓘ, [jəʋət̪maːɭ] formerly known as Yeotmal, is a district of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is located in the region of Vidarbha, in the east-central part of the state. It is Vidarbha's third-largest district by population, after Nagpur and Amravati. Yavatmal city is the administrative headquarters of the district.
Rewrite the Stars
"Rewrite the Stars" is a song performed by Zac Efron and Zendaya for the film The Greatest Showman (2017). It was released on November 17, 2017, by Atlantic Records as a promotional single from the soundtrack. In Australia, "Rewrite the Stars" was released to radio on July 20, 2018. The song sees Efron's character, Phillip Carlyle—a privileged white man and Barnum's protégé—serenading Zendaya's character, Anne Wheeler. Their passionate connection is fraught with societal obstacles, including racial prejudice and class distinctions. Philip tries to convince Anne that their love can overcome these barriers, challenging fate and destiny to create a future together.

The song is expected to appear in the upcoming 2026 stage musical adaptation of the film.

Zac Efron
Zachary David Alexander Efron (/ˈɛfrɒn/; born October 18, 1987) is an American actor. Efron began acting professionally in the early 2000s and rose to prominence as a teen idol for his leading role as Troy Bolton in the High School Musical film series (2006–2008). During this time, he also starred in the musical film Hairspray (2007) and the comedy film 17 Again (2009).

Efron had starring roles in New Year's Eve (2011), The Lucky One (2012), The Paperboy (2012), Neighbors (2014), That Awkward Moment (2014) Dirty Grandpa (2016), Baywatch (2017), and The Greatest Showman (2017). His roles have included Ted Bundy in Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile (2019) and Kevin Von Erich in The Iron Claw (2023).

In 2021, he won a Daytime Emmy Award for hosting the Netflix travel show Down to Earth with Zac Efron (2020–2022).
Pachystachys lutea
Pachystachys lutea, known as the golden shrimp plant or lollipop plant, is a tropical, soft-stemmed evergreen shrub between 0.5 and 2.5 meters tall, native to Peru. The zygomorphic, long-throated, short-lived white flowers emerge sequentially from overlapping bright yellow bracts on racemes that are produced throughout the warm months.

The Latin specific epithet lutea means "yellow".

It is cultivated as an ornamental, but in cold temperate regions it requires protection from temperatures below 10 °C (50 °F). It has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Close up of the bracts

Flowers emerging from the bract

Floral symmetry
Floral symmetry describes whether, and how, a flower, in particular its perianth, can be divided into two or more identical or mirror-image parts.

Uncommonly, flowers may have no axis of symmetry at all, typically because their parts are spirally arranged.
1994 Tasmanian International
The 1994 Tasmanian International was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Domain Tennis Centre in Hobart in Australia that was part of Tier IV of the 1994 WTA Tour. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from 10 January through 15 January 1994. Sixth-seeded Mana Endo won the singles title and earned $18,000 first-prize money.

WTA Tier IV tournaments
The WTA Tier IV tournaments were Women's Tennis Association fourth-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled. Some of the tournaments became Tier V events between 1990 and 1992, and later from 2001 to 2005, before being integrated back into Tier IV.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed the tournament categories, so that most of the Tier III and Tier IV tournaments from 2008 were in one category, WTA International tournaments.
Four Forks, Richland Parish, Louisiana
Four Forks is an unincorporated community located in Richland Parish, Louisiana, United States. The community is located  5 miles (8.05 kilometres) west of Mangham, Louisiana. The community is also known for having some of the best Underwater Basketweaving competitions in the state of Louisiana. Their team's name is the Four Forks Ferrets.

Mangham, Louisiana
Mangham is a village in Richland Parish in northeastern Louisiana, United States. The population was 672 at the 2010 census. Mangham was established in 1890. It is named for Wiley P. Mangham, the publisher of the Richland Beacon-News, a weekly newspaper in Rayville, the seat of Richland Parish.
2023–24 Gibraltar Intermediate League
The 2023–24 Gibraltar Intermediate League is the sixth season of under-23 football in Gibraltar, after reforms to reserve team football in June 2018. The league will be contested by 11 teams - ten under-23 sides of the Gibraltar Football League clubs plus Hound Dogs.

Manchester 62 are the reigning champions. The league kicks off on 19 September 2023.

Gibraltar Intermediate League
The Gibraltar Intermediate League is a semi-professional football league administered by the Gibraltar Football Association, launched in June 2018 as a replacement for the Gibraltar Reserves Division and the Under 18 Division in an effort to improve the standards of young Gibraltarian footballers.
Assistant commissioner (Bangladesh)
Assistant Commissioner in Bangladesh is the entry level post of field administration of the Administrative Service of Bangladesh. It is also the entry level rank of the officer of Customs, Excise and VAT. The equivalent rank for the police is Assistant Superintendent of Police. To join as an Assistant Commissioner, a person has to pass three phases of the Bangladesh Civil Service exam, and get recommendation from the Bangladesh Public Service Commission, a constitutional body of Bangladesh. An Assistant Commissioner of the administration also acts as an Executive Magistrate and can exercise vast executive and limited judicial power in their respective jurisdiction.

Bangladesh Public Service Commission
Bangladesh Public Service Commission (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ সরকারী কর্ম কমিশন) is a quasi-judicial constitutional body established in 1972. The commission is responsible for the recruitment of civil servants in the Bangladesh government. It was formed under Section 137 of Part IX, Chapter II of the Constitution of Bangladesh.
Minnesota Centennial Showboat
Minnesota Centennial Showboat was a traditional riverboat theatre docked at Harriet Island Regional Park on the banks of the Mississippi River in downtown Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States.  The showboat contained an intimate jewelbox theatre that seated 225.  The interior was decorated to keep in time with the Victorian Era style commonly associated with showboats.  The Minnesota Centennial Showboat was run through a partnership with the University of Minnesota Theatre Department and the Padelford Boat Company.  The showboat was a longtime tradition with the University beginning in 1958.  The University Theatre utilized the showboat as a learning opportunity for its students to experience professional theatre. The showboat had its final performance in 2016.

Showboat
A showboat, or show boat, was a floating theater that traveled along the waterways of the United States, especially along the Mississippi and Ohio rivers, to bring culture and entertainment to the river frontiers. This special type of riverboat was designed to carry passengers rather than cargo, and they had to be pushed by a small pusher or towboat attached to it. Showboats were rarely steam-powered because the steam engine had to be placed right in the auditorium for logistical reasons, making it difficult to have a large theater.
Chenzhou West railway station
Chenzhou West Station, also known as New Chenzhou Station, is located in Wanhua Rock Town, Beihu District, Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, China, near Zenghu Village and Tangwei Village. It is a station on the Beijing-Guangzhou High-Speed Railway and was opened on December 26, 2009.

Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway
The Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway or Jingguang high-speed railway from its Chinese name is a high-speed railway corridor of the CRH passenger service, connecting Beijing Fengtai station in Beijing and Guangzhounan station in Guangdong. It is 2,230 kilometres (1,390 mi) long, and is the only Chinese high-speed railway to cross a border that requires immigration and customs clearance. The existing, conventional Jingguang railway runs largely parallel to the line.

The line forms part of the Beijing–Harbin, Beijing–Hong Kong (Macau) corridor, based on the "Eight Verticals and Eight Horizontals" railway master plan announced in 2016.
Yukie Koizumi
Yukie Koizumi (born 24 January 1958) is a Japanese former professional tennis player.

Koizumi reached a best singles ranking of 159 in the world and featured three times in the main draw of the Australian Open. In the 1989 edition she upset ninth seed Lori McNeil in the first round. As a doubles player she also played in the main draws of the French Open and Wimbledon.

Lori McNeil
Lori McNeil (born December 18, 1963) is an American tennis coach and former top 10 player. McNeil was a singles semifinalist at the US Open in 1987 and Wimbledon in 1994, a women's doubles finalist at the Australian Open in 1987 with Zina Garrison and French Open mixed-doubles winner in 1988 with Jorge Lozano.
Non bis in idem
Non bis in idem (sometimes rendered non-bis in idem or ne bis in idem), which translates literally from Latin as 'not twice in the same [thing]', is a legal doctrine to the effect that no legal action can be instituted twice for the same cause of action. It is a legal concept originating in Roman civil law, but it is essentially the equivalent of the double jeopardy doctrine found in common law jurisdictions, and similar peremptory plea (autrefois acquit/convict, 'previously acquitted/convicted') in some modern civil law countries.

The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights guarantees the right to be free from double jeopardy; however, it does not apply to prosecutions by two different sovereigns (unless the relevant extradition treaty or other agreement between the countries expresses a prohibition). The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court employs a modified form of non bis in idem.

Cause of action
A cause of action or right of action, in law, is a set of facts sufficient to justify suing to obtain money or property, or to justify the enforcement of a legal right against another party. The term also refers to the legal theory upon which a plaintiff brings suit (such as breach of contract, battery, or false imprisonment). The legal document which carries a claim is often called 'claim form' or 'particulars of claim' in English law (formerly known as a 'statement of claim'), or a 'complaint' in U.S. federal practice and in many U.S. states. In Ireland, this document can be called a 'claim notice.' It can be any communication notifying the party to whom it is addressed of an alleged fault which resulted in damages, often expressed in the amount of money the receiving party should pay/reimburse.
Io Resto in Calabria
Io Resto in Calabria  (translated I stay in Calabria, abbr. IRC) is a political association active in Calabria, Italy.

It is led by Filippo "Pippo" Callipo, entrepreneur and owner of the Callipo company, which deals with the production and marketing of tuna and other fish products. Callipo is also known for denouncing racketeering and for his commitment to the fight against the 'Ndrangheta and organized crime. He was President of Confindustria of Calabria from 2001 to 2006 and denounced the mafia techniques with a communication to the President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi.

Political organisation
A political organisation is any organisation whose primary purpose is involving itself in the political process, including political parties, non-governmental organisations, and special interest advocacy groups. Political organisations are those engaged in political activities (e.g., lobbying, community organizing, campaign advertising, etc.) aimed at achieving clearly defined political goals, which typically benefit the interests of their members.

While parties are one type of political organisation that may engage in some or all of those activities, they are distinct in that they typically focus on supporting candidates for public office, winning elections and controlling government.
Barney Josephson
Barney Josephson (February 1, 1902 – September 29, 1988) was the American founder of Café Society in Greenwich Village, New York's first integrated nightclub. Opening artists in 1938 included Billie Holiday, who first performed the song "Strange Fruit" there.

Nellie Lutcher
Nellie Rose Lutcher (October 15, 1912 – June 8, 2007) was an American R&B and jazz singer and pianist, who gained prominence in the late 1940s and early 1950s.  Lutcher was most recognizable for her diction and exaggerated pronunciation and was credited as an influence by Nina Simone among others.