hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giuseppe Musolino
Giuseppe Musolino (September 24, 1876 – January 22, 1956), also known as the "Brigante Musolino" or the "King of Aspromonte," was an Italian brigand and folk hero. Musolino received great notoriety and admiration in Calabria for escaping prison and committing a string of murders in retaliation for what he considered to be false testimony delivered against him while on trial; his later, second, trial after his recapture was subject to extensive international media coverage and attention.

Brigandage
Brigandage is the life and practice of highway robbery and plunder. It is practiced by a brigand, a person who is typically part of a gang and lives by pillage and robbery.

The word brigand entered English as brigant via French from Italian as early as 1400. Under the laws of war, soldiers acting on their own recognizance without operating in chain of command are brigands, liable to be tried under civilian laws as common criminals. However, on occasions brigands are not mere malefactors, but may be rebels against a state or union perceived as the enemy.

Bad administration and suitable terrain encourage the development of brigands. Historical examples of brigands (often called so by their enemies) have existed in territories of France, Greece and the Balkans, India, Italy, Mexico and Spain, as well as certain regions of the United States.
Olivorio Mateo
Olivorio Mateo Ledesma (1876 – June 27, 1922) was a Dominican revolutionary and spiritual healer. Known by his nickname, Papá Liborio, he is presented as a popular figure in Dominican Vudú tradition.

Coming from a rural background, his guerrilla actions were considered a threat to the governments of the Dominican Republic and to the U.S occupation of the island, which he faced on sixteen occasions until his death in 1922.

His popularity in the rural areas of the Dominican Republic continues to be present, with an altar in San Juan de la Maguana to which people go to ask for favors. A folk hero in the Dominican Republic, he has been claimed in many expressions of popular Dominican culture, such as film, music and literature.

Culture of the Dominican Republic
The culture of the Dominican Republic is a diverse mixture of different influences from around the world. The Dominican people and their customs have origins consisting predominantly in a European cultural basis, with native Taíno and African influences.

The Dominican Republic was the site of the first European settlement in the Western Hemisphere, namely Santo Domingo founded in 1493. As a result of over five centuries of Spanish presence in the island, the core of Dominican culture is derived from the culture of Spain. The European inheritances include ancestry, language, traditions, law, the predominant religion and the colonial architectural styles. Soon after the arrival of Europeans, African people were imported to the island to serve as slave labor. The fusion of European, native Taino, and African traditions and customs contributed to the development of present-day Dominican culture.
Bob Pomphrey
Robert Henry Pomphrey (6 October 1944 – 24 October 2023) was an English cricketer. Pomphrey was a right-handed batsman. He was born at Warminster, Wiltshire.

Pomphrey made his debut for Hertfordshire in the 1971 Minor Counties Championship against Buckinghamshire. Pomphrey played Minor counties cricket for Hertfordshire from 1971 to 1985, which included 90 Minor Counties Championship matches. He made his List A debut against Durham in the 1974 Gillette Cup. He made five further List A appearances for the county, the last coming against Essex in the 1981 NatWest Trophy. In his six List A matches, he scored 54 runs at an average of 9.00, with a high score of 22. He also played a single List A match for Minor Counties South against Somerset in the 1979 Benson & Hedges Cup. In his only match for the team, he was dismissed for two by Vic Marks.

Pomphrey died on 24 October 2023, at the age of 79.

Hertfordshire County Cricket Club
Hertfordshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Hertfordshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Hertfordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1964 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Balls Park, Hertford and also plays matches around the county at Cricket Field Lane in Bishop's Stortford, Long Marston, Brunton Memorial Ground in Radlett and North Mymms.
Daniels Run
Daniels Run is a small stream in the City of Fairfax, Virginia. Daniels Run is a tributary of Accotink Creek and joins it south of Fairfax Circle, the intersection of Lee Highway (U.S. Route 29) and Arlington Boulevard (U.S. Route 50). It is fed by numerous springs around Fairfax's Greenway Hills neighborhood.

The stream runs behind Daniels Run Elementary School, and the city, school and others have partnered to restore and buffer the stream.

U.S. Route 50 in Virginia
U.S. Route 50 (US 50) is a transcontinental highway which stretches from Ocean City, Maryland to West Sacramento, California. In the U.S. state of Virginia, US 50 extends 86 miles (138 km) from the border with Washington, D.C. at a Potomac River crossing at Rosslyn in Arlington County to the West Virginia state line near Gore in Frederick County.
Milenko Sebić
Milenko Sebić (Serbian Cyrillic: Миленко Себић; born 30 December 1984) is a Serbian sports shooter. He won a bronze medal in men's 50 metre rifle 3 positions at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Sebić was part of the Serbian national team that won a gold medal in 50 metre rifle prone at the 2009 European Shooting Championships and a bronze medal in 50 metre rifle 3 positions event in 2007. He won a silver medal at the 2007 Summer Universiade in Bangkok in 50m rifle 3 positions event. He also competed in the men's 10 metre air rifle and men's 50 metre rifle 3 positions events at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Shooting at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 50 metre rifle three positions
The men's 50 metre rifle three positions event at the 2016 Olympic Games took place on 14 August 2016 at the National Shooting Center.

The medals were presented by Danka Barteková, IOC member, Slovakia and Olegario Vázquez Raña, President of the International Shooting Sport Federation.
Omslag: Martin Kann
Omslag: Martin Kann (translated: Cover: Martin Kann) is the Swedish band bob hund's second full-length studio album. The album actually has no title, but since the words "Omslag: Martin Kann" (meaning "Cover: Martin Kann") can be read on the cover, this has become its informal name. The cover is indeed designed by Martin Kann, who also features as the face on the front.

The album features mostly mid-tempo rock songs with humorous, slightly surreal lyrics, such as "Papperspåse", where the narrator wears a paper bag over his head, while riding the bus, noting a "un-swedish mood" around him. AllMusic praised the album, calling it "a more varied and dynamic album than 1994's rather one-dimensional Bob Hund".

The album peaked at number seven on the Swedish Albums Chart and number 28 on the Norwegian Albums Chart. The band, and the album, received the award for "Best Lyrics" at the 1997 Swedish Grammy Awards.

VG-lista
VG-lista is the primary Norwegian record chart, charting albums and singles from Norwegian and international artists. It is presented weekly in the newspaper VG. The data is collected by Nielsen Soundscan International and based on the sales in approximately 100 shops in Norway. The singles chart started as a top 10 chart in week 42 of 1958 and was expanded to a top 20 chart in week 5 of 1995, the same time as the albums chart, which started as a top 20 chart in week 1 of 1967, was expanded to a top 40 chart. It expanded even further into a top 100 chart in week 14 of 2025.
Dmitry Lukyanov (general)
Dmitry Akimovich Lukyanov (Russian: Дмитрий Акимович Лукьянов; 15 February 1900 – 7 October 1985) was a Soviet Army major general who held division command during World War II.

A veteran of the Russian Civil War, Lukyanov rose to command a regiment during the Winter War. He served as a division commander for most of World War II, beginning the war as commander of the 191st Rifle Division in the Siege of Leningrad. After recovering from a serious wound suffered in late 1941, Lukyanov commanded the 2nd Rifle Division from 1942 to early 1944. Relieved of command during the Leningrad–Novgorod offensive, Lukyanov continued as a division commander for most of the rest of the war in the Baltics. After commanding four different divisions in 1944 and 1945 and service as a corps deputy commander, Lukyanov continued in similar positions until he left active service in the early 1950s.

Order of the Patriotic War
The Order of the Patriotic War (Russian: Орден Отечественной войны, romanized: Orden Otechestvennoy voiny) is a Soviet military decoration that was awarded to all soldiers in the Soviet armed forces, security troops, and to partisans for heroic deeds in the Eastern Front of World War II. After the beginning of the German Operation Barbarossa, the Soviet Government applied the term "Great Patriotic War" to the war.
Cynthia Wade
Cynthia Wade is an American television, commercial and film director, producer and cinematographer based in New York City. She has directed documentaries on social issues including Shelter Dogs in 2003 about animal welfare and Freeheld in 2007 about LGBT rights as well as television commercials and web campaigns. She has won over 40 film festival awards, won an Oscar in 2008, and was nominated for her second Oscar in 2013.

America Undercover
America Undercover is a series of documentaries that aired on the cable television network HBO from 1983 through 2006.  Within the series are several sub-series, such as Autopsy, Real Sex, and Taxicab Confessions.
T. C. Blair
Thomas Calvin Blair (born August 4, 1951) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Tulsa Golden Hurricane.

Tulsa Golden Hurricane football
The Tulsa Golden Hurricane football program represents the University of Tulsa in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level.  Tulsa has competed in the American Athletic Conference (The American) since the 2014 season and was previously a member of Conference USA (C-USA). The team is led by head coach Tre Lamb. Tulsa plays its home games at Skelly Field at H. A. Chapman Stadium in Tulsa, Oklahoma.  The University of Tulsa has the smallest undergraduate enrollment of all schools that participate at the FBS level.
Blackfin icefish
The blackfin icefish (Chaenocephalus aceratus), also known as the Scotia Sea icefish, is a species of crocodile icefish belonging to the family Channichthyidae. The blackfin icefish belongs to Notothenioidei, a suborder of fishes that accounts for 90% of the fish fauna on the Antarctic continental shelf. Icefishes, also called white-blooded fishes, are a unique family in that they are the only known vertebrates to lack haemoglobin, making their blood oxygen carrying capacity just 10% that of other teleosts. Icefishes have translucent blood and creamy white gills.

Demersal zone
The demersal zone (from Latin demergere, "to sink") is the part of the sea or ocean (or deep lake) consisting of the part of the water column near to (and significantly affected by) the seabed and the benthos. The demersal zone is just above the benthic zone and forms a layer of the larger profundal zone.

Being just above the ocean floor, the demersal zone is variable in depth and can be part of the photic zone where light can penetrate, and photosynthetic organisms grow, or the aphotic zone, which begins between depths of roughly 200 and 1,000 m (700 and 3,300 ft) and extends to the ocean depths, where no light penetrates.
Air Putih (Penang state constituency)
Air Putih is a state constituency in Penang, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Penang State Legislative Assembly since 2004. It covers the northern part of Air Itam, a suburb of George Town that is located in the central part of Penang Island.

The state constituency was first contested in 2004 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Penang State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system. Since 2008, the State Assemblyman for Air Putih is Lim Guan Eng from the Democratic Action Party (DAP), which is part of the state's ruling coalition, Pakatan Harapan (PH). Lim was also the Chief Minister of Penang between 2008 and 2018.

Chief Minister of Penang
The chief minister of Penang is the head of government in the Malaysian state of Penang. According to convention, the chief minister is the leader of the majority party or largest coalition party of the Penang State Legislative Assembly. The chief minister's official residence is Seri Teratai in the capital city of George Town.

The 5th and incumbent chief minister is Chow Kon Yeow, who assumed office on 14 May 2018. Chow succeeds his party colleague, Lim Guan Eng, who had served as the chief minister between 2008 and 2018.
Zadok Domnitz
Zadok Domnitz (15 October 1933 – 2023) was an Israeli chess master, born in Tel Aviv.

Domnitz played three times for Israel in Chess Olympiads.

In 1962, at first reserve board in 15th Olympiad in Varna (+5 −2 =3);

In 1964, at third board in 16th Olympiad in Tel Aviv (+0 −6 =7);

In 1968, at first reserve board in 18th Olympiad in Lugano (+4 −2 =6).

He took 16th place at Tel Aviv 1966 (Svetozar Gligorić won). He tied for 6–7th at the 1967 Israeli championship (Shimon Kagan won). In 1968, he tied for 7–10th in Netanya (Robert James Fischer won). In 1969, he took 14th in Netanya (Samuel Reshevsky won). In 1973, he tied for 14–15th in Netanya (Lubomir Kavalek won).

Domnitz died in 2023, at the age of 89.

Lubomir Kavalek
Lubomir (Lubosh) Kavalek (Czech: Lubomír Kaválek, August 9, 1943 – January 18, 2021) was a Czech-American chess player. He was awarded both the International Master and International Grandmaster titles by FIDE in 1965. He won two Czechoslovak and three U.S. championships, and was ranked as the world's No. 10 player in 1974. He was inducted into the U.S. Chess Hall of Fame in 2001.  Kavalek was also a chess coach, organizer, teacher, commentator, author and award-winning columnist.
Fiat CM6614
The Fiat CM6614 is a 4x4 wheeled armoured personnel carrier developed as a joint venture between Fiat and Oto Melara of Italy.  The hull is welded steel, and the vehicle is amphibious. The first prototype was built in 1972.

Republic of Korea Army
The Republic of Korea Army (ROKA; Korean: 대한민국 육군; Hanja: 大韓民國陸軍; RR: Daehanminguk Yukgun), also known as the ROK Army or South Korean Army, is the army of South Korea, responsible for ground-based warfare. It is the largest of the military branches of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces with 400,000 members as of 2025. This size is maintained through conscription: All able-bodied South Korean males must complete military service (18 months for the army, auxiliary police, and marines, 20 months for the navy and conscripted firefighters, 21 months for the air force and social service, and 36 months for alternative service) between the ages of 18 and 35.
George Knudson
George Alfred Christian Knudson, CM (June 28, 1937 – January 24, 1989) was a Canadian professional golfer, who along with Mike Weir holds the record for the Canadian with the most wins on the PGA Tour, with eight career victories.

Canadian PGA Championship
The PGA Championship of Canada is a golf tournament organized by the PGA of Canada, an organization founded in 1911 at the Royal Ottawa Golf Club. It was first played in 1912 as the Canadian PGA Championship. It was a Nationwide Tour event from 2001 to 2005. Prior to that it was an event on the Canadian Tour. Stan Leonard holds the record with eight victories.

Between 1978 and 1983, the tournament was sponsored by Labatt's and titled as the Labatt's International Golf Classic with a prize fund of C$100,000. It attracted many of the leading PGA Tour players of the day, with multiple major champions Arnold Palmer, Lee Trevino (twice), Raymond Floyd and Lanny Wadkins lifting the trophy during those six years.

In 2011, the PGA Championship of Canada was reintroduced as a match play championship for the top 64 competitors on the PGA of Canada Player Rankings. The P.D. Ross Trophy was given to the winner in 1912, and is still used as the Championship's award today.
Modern Sport FC
Modern Sport Football Club (Arabic: نادي مودرن سبورت لكرة القدم), formerly known as Modern Future FC, Future FC and Coca-Cola FC, is an Egyptian professional football club based in Cairo, Egypt. The club plays in the Egyptian Premier League, the highest league in the Egyptian football league system.

Cairo Governorate
Cairo (Arabic: محافظة القاهرة) is one of the 27 governorates of Egypt. It is formed of the city of Cairo, both the national capital of Egypt and the governorate's, in addition to six satellite cities: The New Capital - which became the official seat of national government in April 2024, New Cairo, El Shorouk, Badr, Capital Gardens, and 15th of May. These cities form almost half of the Greater Cairo metropolitan area by population.

Cairo is one of four city governorates in Egypt, and the governor of Cairo is also the head of the city. Nonetheless, the governate of Cairo and the city of Cairo are two semi-distinct levels of local government, and as with other governorates, the governor is appointed by the president.
E-Ville Roller Derby
E-Ville Roller Derby is a flat track roller derby league based in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.  Founded in 2006, E-Ville was a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA). E-Ville welcomes women, trans, and gender-expansive athletes regardless of pronouns or gender presentation who feel most comfortable playing WFTDA roller derby.

Roller derby
Roller derby is a roller skating contact sport played on an oval track by two teams of five skaters. It is played by approximately 1,250 amateur leagues worldwide, though it is most popular in the United States.

A 60-minute roller derby game, or bout, is a series of two-minute timed jams.  Each team, typically with a roster of 15, fields five skaters during each jam: one jammer, designated with a star on their helmet, and four blockers. During each jam, players skate counterclockwise on a circuit track. The jammer scores a point for each opposing blocker they lap. The blockers simultaneously defend by hindering the opposing jammer, while also playing offense by maneuvering to aid their own jammer. Because roller derby uses a penalty box, power jams, in which one team has a temporary numerical advantage after a foul, can have a major effect on scoring.
Albertus Fennar
Albertus A. Fennar (May 12, 1911 – June 15, 2001), nicknamed "Cleffie", was an American Negro league infielder in the 1930s.

A native of Wilmington, North Carolina, Fennar attended DeWitt Clinton High School in The Bronx, New York, where he played baseball, and also played basketball under Basketball Hall of Famer Dave Tobey.

Fennar played in the Negro leagues from 1931 to 1934 for the Lincoln Giants, New York Black Yankees, Brooklyn Royal Giants, Bacharach Giants, and Cuban Stars (East), and continued to play into the late 1940s with various industrial and semi-pro clubs. His unusual nickname derived from his father and brother's musical association with the Clef Club of Harlem. Fennar was honored by the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in 1991 with the inclusion of his shortstop's glove in a Negro leagues display. He died in Paramus, New Jersey in 2001 at age 90.

Clef Club
The Clef Club was an entertainment venue, society, and labour union for African-American musicians in Harlem, achieving its largest success in the 1910s. Incorporated by James Reese Europe, it was a combination musicians' hangout, fraternity club, labour exchange, and concert hall, across the street from Marshall's Hotel.
Sin Sun-seong
Sin Sun-seong was a captain of the Imperial Korean Navy and known as one of the first naval figures of the Korean Empire. He commanded the KIS Yangmu and the KIS Gwangje and continued to command the Guangjae after its decommission in 1905.

Korean Empire
The Korean Empire, officially the Empire of Korea or Imperial Korea, was a Korean monarchical state proclaimed in October 1897 by King Gojong of the Joseon dynasty. The empire lasted until the Japanese annexation of Korea in August 1910.

During this period, Emperor Gojong oversaw the Gwangmu Reform, a partial modernization and westernization of Korea's military, economy, land system, education system, and various industries. In 1905, the Korean Empire became a protectorate of the Empire of Japan. After the Japanese annexation in 1910, the Korean Empire ceased to exist.
Dick Tracy (serial)
Dick Tracy (1937) is a 15-chapter Republic movie serial starring Ralph Byrd based on the Dick Tracy comic strip by Chester Gould. It was directed by Alan James and Ray Taylor.

There were three sequels to this serial: Dick Tracy Returns (1938), Dick Tracy's G-Men (1939), and Dick Tracy vs. Crime, Inc. (1941).

Alan James
Alan James (March 23, 1890 – December 30, 1952) was an American film director and screenwriter.

He was born in Port Townsend, Washington, as Alan J. Neitz.

He directed more than 70 films between 1916 and 1943. He also wrote for more than 60 films between 1916 and 1951. Many of those films were Westerns.

He died in Hollywood, California.
Pipistrel Velis Electro
The Pipistrel Velis Electro is a Slovenian light aircraft, designed and produced by Pipistrel of Ajdovščina. The aircraft was EASA CS-LSA fully electric type certified in June 2020 and it is intended primarily for the training aircraft role, particularly multiple successive take-off and landings at the airfield. The design is the first type certified electric aircraft and is supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Type certificate
A type certificate signifies the airworthiness of a particular category of aircraft, according to its manufacturing design (type design). Certification confirms that the aircraft of a new type intended for serial production is in compliance with applicable airworthiness requirements established by the national air law.

For up to three seats, primary category aircraft certification costs around US$1 million, US$25 million for a general aviation aircraft and hundreds of millions of dollars for a commercial aircraft; certification delays can cost millions of dollars and can decide a program's profitability.
Micranthes nidifica
Micranthes nidifica, the peak saxifrage,  is a species of plant in the saxifrage family. It is native to the northwestern United States, where it grows in moist habitat, often in mountainous areas. It is a perennial herb growing from a caudex and system of rhizomes and producing a basal rosette of leaves. Each leaf is up to 10 centimeters long with a smooth-edged or minutely toothed blade on a thin petiole. The inflorescence arises on a peduncle up to half a meter tall and bears clusters of flowers with white petals.

Caudex
A caudex (pl.: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In the strict sense of the term, meaning a stem, "caudex" is most often used with plants that have a different stem morphology from the typical angiosperm dicotyledon stem; examples include palms, ferns, and cycads. The largest of all caudices is that of the ombu (Phytolacca dioica) of the Pampas of South America, which can reach up to 14 metres girth.

The related term caudiciform, literally meaning stem-like, is sometimes used to mean pachycaul, thick-stemmed. Caudices should not be confused with lignotubers which can also be very large.