hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Courtenay, 14th Earl of Devon
Thomas Courtenay, 6th/14th Earl of Devon (1432 – 3 April 1461), was the eldest son of Thomas de Courtenay, 5th/13th Earl of Devon, by his wife Margaret Beaufort, the daughter of John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, and Margaret Holland, daughter of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent. Through his mother, he was a great-great-grandson of King Edward III. The ordinal number given to the early Courtenay Earls of Devon depends on whether the earldom is deemed a new creation by the letters patent granted 22 February 1334/5 or whether it is deemed a restitution of the old dignity of the de Redvers family. Authorities differ in their opinions, and thus alternative ordinal numbers exist, given here.

Battle of Tewkesbury
The Battle of Tewkesbury, which took place on Saturday 4 May 1471, was one of the most decisive battles of the Wars of the Roses in England.

King Edward IV and his forces loyal to the House of York completely defeated those of the rival House of Lancaster. The Lancastrian heir to the throne, Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, and many prominent Lancastrian nobles were killed during the battle or executed. The Lancastrian king, Henry VI, who was a prisoner in the Tower of London, died shortly after the battle, perhaps murdered. Tewkesbury restored political stability to England until the death of Edward IV in 1483.
1978 South Korean legislative election
Legislative elections were held in South Korea on 12 December 1978 to elect 154 members of the National Assembly. Another 77 members appointed by President Park Chung-hee were indirectly elected by the National Conference for Unification on 21 December 1978.

Despite garnering 169,000 fewer popular votes than the opposition New Democratic Party, the ruling Democratic Republican Party won a supermajority victory with 68 of the 154 elected seats in the National Assembly and an additional 77 members appointed by President Park. Voter turnout was 77.1%.

Supermajority
A supermajority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for a simple majority, the latter sometimes expressed as a "50% + 1 vote". Supermajority rules in a democracy can help to prevent a majority from eroding fundamental rights of a minority, but can also hamper efforts to respond to problems and encourage corrupt compromises at times when action is taken. Changes to constitutions, especially those with entrenched clauses, commonly require supermajority support in a legislature. In consensus democracy, the supermajority rule is applied in most cases.
Vidhi (2021 film)
Vidhi (transl. Fate) is a 2021 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by Kannan Thamarakkulam, based on the Maradu apartments demolition order. The film stars Anoop Menon, Dharmajan Bolgatty, Manoj K. Jayan, Sheelu Abraham and Senthil Krishna. It was released on released on 30 December 2021.

Dharmajan Bolgatty
Dharmajan Bolgatty (born 1976) is an Indian actor, producer, comedian, politician and entrepreneur, who works in Malayalam films, television, and stage shows. He began his career as a comedian appearing in sketch comedies on stage, later forayed into such comedic television shows and into films in 2010s. Dharmajan entered active politics in 2021, ahead of the assembly elections in Kerala. He is a member of Indian National Congress and was the United Democratic Front candidate in Balusseri constituency.
Jordan Verdone
Jordan David Verdone (born April 7, 1989) is a Canadian former professional football linebacker who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was selected in the fifth round, 37th overall by the BC Lions in the 2012 CFL draft and after returning to school that year, he signed with the Montreal Alouettes for the 2013 season and made their opening day roster. He played CIS football for the Calgary Dinos in 2011 and 2012 following a two-year stint with the Waterloo Warriors.

Calgary Dinos football
The Calgary Dinos football team represents the University of Calgary in the sport of Canadian football in U Sports. The Dinos program has been in operation since 1964, winning the Vanier Cup national championship five times (1983, 1985, 1988, 1995, 2019), the most out of any of the Canada West teams. The Dinos have also won the Hardy Trophy conference championship 18 times, including six consecutive wins from 2008 to 2013. The team appeared in the 2013 and 2016 Vanier Cup, but lost both years to the Laval Rouge et Or.
Olagbegi family
The Olagbegi family is a royal family in Owo, a city in Ondo State, southwestern Nigeria. Members of the family are descendants of Olagbegi Atanneye I, the Olowo of Owo who reigned between 1913 and 1938. Olagbegi Atanneye was himself a descendant of Ojugbelu Arere, the first traditional ruler of Owo, who was a direct descendant of Oduduwa.

Olateru Olagbegi I, the son of Olagbegi Atanneye, had 300 wives during his reign. After his demise, it was discovered that five of them were still virgins. The family belongs to the Nigerian chieftaincy system.

Owo
Owo is a local government area in Ondo state, Nigeria. Between 1400 and 1600 CE, it was the capital of a Yoruba city-state. The local government area has a population of 222,262 based on 2006 population census.
Bateshwar, Uttar Pradesh
Bateshwar is a village in Agra District, on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Bateshwar is in between Agra and Etawah and is 8 km from Bah. It is an important spiritual and cultural centre for Hindus and Jains. It is known for the 101 Shiv Temple Complex. An annual religious and animal fair is also organised in the village ground area.

The name Bateshwar is derived from the main Bateshwarnath Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Bateshwarnath Mahadev). As per legends, here under a marvelous Banyan tree (Bat in Sanskrit), lord Shiva took rest for some time under that tree which is still standing at that place, the place hence came to be known as Bateshwar (i.e. Bat ishwar or The banyan lord).

Agra district
Agra district (Hindi pronunciation: [aːgɾaː]) is one of the 75 districts in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The district headquarters is the historical city of Agra. Agra district is a part of Agra division.
Anett Sopronyi
Anett Sopronyi (born 27 November 1986 in Debrecen) is a retired Hungarian handballer who most recently played for DVSC and the Hungarian national team.

Sopronyi was spotted by Itxako in the 2010–11 edition of the EHF Champions League, where her former team DVSC faced the Spanish club, and she also made a good impression on the Szabella Cup, where the two sides met again. She was eventually signed by Itxako in December 2011 to cover the right back position, for that they were lack of a left handed player.

In 2015 she decided to retire due to a serious injury.

She made her international debut on 3 March 2007 against Norway, and represented Hungary at two European Championships (2008, 2010).

Debrecen
Debrecen (/ˈdɛbrətsɛn/ DEB-rət-sen; Hungarian: [ˈdɛbrɛt͡sɛn] ⓘ; German: Debrezin [ˈdɛbʁɛt͡siːn] ⓘ; Slovak: Debrecín [ˈɟɛbrɛt͡siːn] Romanian: Debrețin) is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and it is one of the Hungarian people's most important cultural centres. Debrecen was also the capital city of Hungary during the revolution in 1848–1849. During the revolution, the dethronement of the Habsburg dynasty was declared in the Reformed Great Church. The city also served as the capital of Hungary by the end of World War II in 1944–1945. It is home to the University of Debrecen.
Erika Heymann
Erika Heymann (née Erika Lasallelie Geck; German: [ˈeː.ʁi.ka ˈhaɪˌ̯man] ⓘ; Offenburg, Germany, 1895 – Amsterdam, 6 April 1950) was a German woman posthumously granted the status of Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem for helping several Jews hide during the German occupation of the Netherlands.

Vught
Vught (Dutch pronunciation: [vʏxt] ⓘ) is a municipality and a town in the Province of North Brabant in the southern Netherlands, and lies just south of the industrial and administrative centre of 's-Hertogenbosch. Many commuters live there, and in 2004 the town was named "Best place to live" by the Dutch magazine Elsevier.
St. Mary & St. George Anglican Church
St. Mary & St. George Parish was a heritage church that reflected the English Gothic revival in Canada. It was in the town of Jasper, in the heart of Jasper National Park, on the Rocky Mountains in the Canadian province of Alberta. The parish church was within the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Anglican Diocese of Edmonton, Anglican Church of Canada.

The church was burned to the ground on July 24, 2024, as a wildfire swept through the town.

Jasper National Park
Jasper National Park, in Alberta, Canada, is the largest national park within Alberta's Rocky Mountains, spanning 11,000 km2 (4,200 sq mi). It was established as Jasper Forest Park in 1907, renamed as a national park in 1930, and declared a UNESCO world heritage site in 1984. Its location is north of Banff National Park and west of Edmonton. The park contains the glaciers of the Columbia Icefield, springs, lakes, waterfalls and mountains.
Gila Bergqvist
Gila Helena Bergqvist Ulfung (born Hasson, 28 November 1967) is a Swedish producer, television presenter and actress. She is best known for her role in the Ronny and Ragge series Byhåla which was broadcast on SVT from 1991 to 1993.

Gila Hasson was born in Brännkyrka, Stockholm.

Ronny and Ragge
Ronny and Ragge (Ronny och Ragge in Swedish) are two fictitious raggare characters played by Peter Settman and Fredde Granberg, popularized in the 1990s. They first appeared in sketches on Swedish television and then got their own series called Byhåla on Sveriges Television.
Otto Dersch
Otto Georg Dersch (born March 17, 1848, in Ortenberg, Hesse) was a German mathematician who worked in algebraic geometry. Dersch got his Ph.D. 1873 in Gießen. He was teacher in  Groß-Umstadt and Darmstadt and then director of a secondary school in Offenbach am Main, and then became director of a secondary school (Oberrealschule) in Darmstadt until at least 1915.

Giessen
Giessen, spelled Gießen in German (German pronunciation: [ˈɡiːsn̩] ⓘ), is a town in the German state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of both the district of Giessen and the administrative region of Giessen. The population is approximately 90,000, with roughly 37,000 university students.

The name comes from Giezzen, as it was first referred to in 1197, which refers to the position of the town between several rivers, lakes and streams. The largest river in Giessen is the Lahn, which divides the town in two parts (west and east), roughly 50 kilometres (31 miles) north of Frankfurt am Main. Giessen is also home to the University of Giessen.

In 1969, the town hosted the ninth Hessentag state festival.
1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Women's 100 metre butterfly
The women's 100 metre butterfly competition at the 1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 22–23 at the Sydney International Aquatic Centre.  The last champion was Jenny Thompson of US.

This race consisted of two lengths of the pool, all in butterfly.

Sydney Olympic Park Aquatic Centre
The Sydney Olympic Park Aquatic Centre (SOPAC), formerly Sydney International Aquatic Centre (SIAC), is a swimming venue located in the Sydney Olympic Park in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Built in 1994, the SOPAC was a major venue for the 2000 Summer Olympics as it hosted the swimming, diving, synchronized swimming, the medal events for water polo, and the swimming portion of the modern pentathlon competitions. The SOPAC has since been a host venue for numerous schools and swimming associations around New South Wales. Currently, it has most notably been the venue for the annual CAS Swimming Championships. It is also scheduled to be the site of the 2022 Duel in the Pool. The SOPAC also includes a swim shop at the entry of the arena, a play area, a health club and operates swimming classes for all ages.

The arena currently holds 10,000 people. Capacity was boosted to 17,000 during the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Janusz Tyszkiewicz Łohojski
Janusz Tyszkiewicz Łohojski of Leliwa (lit. Janusz Tyszkiewicz of Łohojsk; 1590–1649) was a magnate and politician of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

He was born 1590 to Teodor Fryderyk Tyszkiewicz and Zofia née Zasławska. He started his career as a military man, serving under Stanisław Żółkiewski in the tragic Battle of Cecora of 1620, and the subsequent victorious battle of Chocim. Throughout his political career he held a number of posts, among them that of Voivode of Kiev (since 1630), starost of Śniatyń and Żytomierz. An ardent Catholic, he spent much of his fortune supporting the foundation of numerous churches and monasteries. His best known contribution is the sponsorship of Carmelite fortified monastery in Berdychiv, started between 1626 and 1628, and completed around 1642. Married to Jadwiga Bełżecka, he had a single daughter, Krystyna Tyszkiewicz Łohojska.

Sniatyn
Sniatyn (Ukrainian: Снятин, IPA: [ˈsʲnʲɑtɪn] ⓘ; Polish: Śniatyn; Romanian: Sneatîn, older Sniatin; Yiddish: שניאַטין) is a city located in Kolomyia Raion of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, in western Ukraine along the Prut river, in the historic region of Pokutia. Sniatyn hosts the administration of Sniatyn urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 9,718 (2022 estimate). In 2001, population was around 10,500.

In the interbellum period, it was a rail border crossing between Poland and Romania.
Charles W. Clabaugh
Charles Wesley Clabaugh (August 15, 1900 – March 23, 1983) was an American educator, businessman, and politician.

Clabaugh was born in Lerna, Coles County, Illinois. He graduated from Urbana High School in Urbana, Illinois. He received his bachelor's degree in education from Eastern Illinois University and taught school in Lerna, Illinois and Farmington, Illinois. Clabaugh owned the Champaign Weather Strip Company in Champaign, Illinois. Clabaugh served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1939 until 1974 and was a Republican. Clabaugh died at a nursing home in Champaign, Illinois.

Urbana, Illinois
Urbana (/ɜːrˈbænə/ ur-BAN-ə) is a city in Champaign County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. As of the 2020 census, Urbana had a population of 38,336. It is a principal city of the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area, which had 236,000 residents in 2020. Urbana is notable for sharing the main campus of the University of Illinois with its twin city of Champaign.
Crenicichla mandelburgeri
Crenicichla mandelburgeri is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the río Paraná basin. This species reaches a length of 20.8 cm (8.2 in).

The fish is named in honor of Paraguayan ichthyologist Darío Mandelburger, the co-coordinator of Proyecto Vertebrados del Paraguay (1992-1999).

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Ouroun
Ouroun is a small town and commune in the Cercle of Bougouni in the Sikasso Region of southern Mali. In 1998 the commune had a population of 3,947.

The population composed mainly of three ethnic groups: Bambara, Malinkés and Fulani. Ouroun is naturally divided into two districts: Sokoundéni and Sokoumba. The first is located southeast of the city, while the second is slightly north to south. With a population almost three times larger than that of Sokoundeni, Sokoumba is also divided by its inhabitants in two parts: Kourou and Kodjou. The latter is more inhabited than the first.

Sikasso Region
Sikasso Region (Bambara: ߛߌߞߊߛߏ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Sikaso Dineja) is the southernmost region of Mali. The region's capital city, Sikasso, is the country's second-largest city. Major ethnic groups include the Senoufo, known for masks and reverence for animals, the Samago, known for being Mali's best farmers, and the main ethnic group in Mali, the Bambara people.
ChemWindow
ChemWindow is a  chemical structure drawing molecule editor and publishing program now published by John Wiley & Sons as of 2020, originally developed by Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. It was first developed by SoftShell International in the 1990s. Bio-Rad acquired this technology in 1996 and eventually made it part of their KnowItAll software product line, offering a specific ChemWindow edition of their software for structure drawing and publishing. They have also incorporated ChemWindow structure drawing components into their KnowItAll spectroscopy software packages with their DrawIt, ReportIt, and MineIt tools.

Bio-Rad Laboratories
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. is an American  developer and manufacturer of specialized technological products for the life science research and clinical diagnostics markets. The company was founded in 1952 in Berkeley, California, by husband and wife team David and Alice Schwartz, both graduates of the University of California, Berkeley. Bio-Rad is based in Hercules, California, and has operations worldwide.
Black Trash: The Autobiography of Kirk Jones
Black Trash: The Autobiography of Kirk Jones is the debut solo studio album by Onyx member Sticky Fingaz, released on May 22, 2001, by Universal Records. Scripted like a movie, the concept album portrays the fictional character Kirk Jones, a felon just released from prison who is now struggling to come to terms with life outside jail.

Black Trash was produced by several producers including Self, Bud'da, Rockwilder, DJ Scratch, Nottz, Damon Elliott and others. It features guest appearances from Onyx's affiliate X1, Black Child, Raekwon, Still Livin, Canibus, Rah Digga, Redman, Dave Hollister, Petey Pablo, Eminem, Fredro Starr (as Firestarr), actor Omar Epps and others.

The album debuted at number 44 on the US Billboard 200 and number 10 on the Top R&B/Hip Hop Albums chart.

Dave Hollister
David Le Chaine Hollister (born August 17, 1968) is an American singer from Chicago, Illinois who found fame during the 1990s as one quarter of the R&B group Blackstreet, before going on to have a solo career. Hollister is best known for his 2000 gold-certified album Chicago '85... The Movie, which included the singles "One Woman Man" and "Take Care of Home". He was also featured on 2Pac's hit singles "Brenda's Got a Baby" and "Keep Ya Head Up". He was a member of the band United Tenors.
Neoptolemus I of Epirus
Neoptolemus I of Epirus (Greek: Νεοπτόλεμος Α' Ηπείρου) (370–357 BC) was a Greek king of Epirus and son of Alcetas I, and father of Troas, Alexander I of Epirus and Queen Olympias. He was the maternal grandfather of Alexander the Great and great-grandfather of Pyrrhus of Epirus. He claimed he was a descendant of the hero Achilles and King Lycomedes, while Emperor Caracalla claimed that he was a descendant of Neoptolemus.

Epirus (ancient state)
Epirus (/ɪˈpaɪrəs/; Epirote Greek: Ἄπειρος, Ápeiros; Attic Greek: Ἤπειρος, Ḗpeiros) was an ancient Greek kingdom, and later republic, located in the geographical region of Epirus, in parts of north-western Greece and southern Albania. Home to the ancient Epirotes, the state was bordered by the Aetolian League to the south, Ancient Thessaly and Ancient Macedonia to the east, and Illyrian tribes to the north. The Epirote king Pyrrhus is known to have made Epirus a powerful state in the wider Hellenistic world (during 297–272 BC) that was comparable to the likes of Macedon and Ancient Rome. Pyrrhus' armies also attempted an assault against the state of Ancient Rome during their unsuccessful campaign in what is now modern-day Italy.
Clinton, New Jersey
Clinton is a town in Hunterdon County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is located on the South Branch of the Raritan River in the Raritan Valley region. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 2,773, an increase of 54 (+2.0%) from the 2010 census count of 2,719, which in turn reflected an increase of 87 (+3.3%) from the 2,632 counted in the 2000 census. Despite its relatively small population, Clinton is the predominant control city for Interstate 78 traveling westbound from Newark.

New Jersey Legislature
The New Jersey Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state of New Jersey. In its current form, as defined by the New Jersey Constitution of 1947, the Legislature consists of two houses: the General Assembly and the Senate. The Legislature meets in the New Jersey State House, in the state capital of Trenton.
Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media
Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media (RRCHNM), formerly the Center for History and New Media (CHNM), is a research center specializing in digital history and information technology at George Mason University (GMU) in Fairfax County, Virginia. It was one of the first digital history centers in the world, established by Roy Rosenzweig in 1994 to use digital media and information technology to democratize history: to incorporate multiple voices, reach diverse audiences, and encourage popular participation in presenting and preserving the past. Its current director is Lincoln Mullen.

Open educational resources
Open educational resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research materials that are intentionally created and licensed to be free for the end user to own, share, and in most cases, modify. The term "OER" describes publicly accessible materials and resources for any user to use, re-mix, improve, and redistribute under some licenses. These are designed to reduce accessibility barriers by implementing best practices in teaching and to be adapted for local unique contexts.

The development and promotion of open educational resources is often motivated by a desire to provide an alternative or enhanced educational paradigm.
Fuyong station
Fuyong station (Chinese: 福永站; Jyutping: Fuk1 Wing2 Zaam6; Cantonese Yale: Fūkwíhng Jaahm) is an interchange station for Line 11 and Line 12 of Shenzhen Metro in Guangdong Province. The station serves Fuyong Subdistrict.

Shenzhen Metro
The Shenzhen Metro (深圳地铁) is the rapid transit system of the city of Shenzhen in Guangdong Province, China. The newest lines and extensions which opened on December 27, 2024 put the network at 609.5 kilometres (378.7 miles) of trackage. It currently operates on 17 lines with 421 stations. Despite having only opened on December 28, 2004, the Shenzhen Metro is the 5th longest metro system in the world. By 2035, the network is planned to comprise 8 express and 24 non-express lines totaling 1,142 kilometres (710 miles) of trackage.
Verkh-Chebula
Verkh-Chebula (Russian: Верх-Чебула) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Chebulinsky District of Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. Population:  5,060 (2010 Census); 5,357 (2002 Census); 5,474 (1989 Soviet census).

Kemerovo Oblast
Kemerovo Oblast (Russian: Ке́меровская о́бласть, romanized: Kemerovskaya oblastʹ, Russian pronunciation: [ˈkʲemʲɪrəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]), also known as Kuzbass (Russian: Кузба́сс, Russian pronunciation: [kʊzˈbas]), after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Kemerovo is the administrative center and largest city of the oblast. Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most urbanized regions, with over 70% of the population living in its nine principal cities. Its ethnic composition is predominantly Russian, but native Shors and Kalmak Siberian Tatars also live in the oblast, along with Ukrainians, Volga Tatars, and Chuvash. The population recorded during the 2021 Census was 2,600,923.