hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Devon Railway Company
The South Devon Railway Company built and operated the railway from Exeter to Plymouth and Torquay in Devon, England. It was a 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge railway built by Isambard Kingdom Brunel.

The line had to traverse difficult hilly terrain, and the company adopted the atmospheric system in which trains were drawn by a piston in a tube laid between the rails, a vacuum being created by stationary engines. The revolutionary system proved to have insuperable technical difficulties and was abandoned. The line continued as a conventional locomotive railway. The company promoted a number of branches, through the medium of nominally independent companies.

Its original main line between Exeter and Plymouth remains in use today as an important part of the main line between London and Plymouth.

Dual gauge
A dual gauge railroad track has three or four rails, allowing vehicles of two track gauges to run on it.

Signalling and sidings are more expensive to install on dual gauge tracks than on two single gauge tracks. Dual gauge is used when there is not enough room for two single tracks or when tracks of two different gauges meet in marshalling yards or train stations.
Philippine Constabulary
The Philippine Constabulary (PC; Filipino: Hukbóng Pamayapà ng Pilipinas, HPP; Spanish: Constabularía Filipina) was a gendarmerie-type military police force of the Philippines from 1901 to 1991, and the predecessor to the Philippine National Police. It was created by the American occupational government to replace the Spanish colonial Guardia Civil, happened on the 19th century history of the Philippines. It was the first of the four branches of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. On January 29, 1991, it was merged with the Integrated National Police to form the Philippine National Police.

Nueva Ecija
Nueva Ecija, officially the Province of Nueva Ecija (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Nueva Ecija Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈnwɛvɐ ʔɛˈsiha, ˈnwɛbɐ -]; Ilocano: Probinsia ti Nueva Ecija; Pangasinan: Luyag na Nueva Ecija; Kapampangan: Lalawigan ning Nueva Ecija; Spanish: Provincia de Nueva Écija), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. Its capital is the city of Palayan, while Cabanatuan, its former capital, is the largest city and the economic, commercial, and institutional center of Nueva Ecija. The province borders, from the south clockwise, Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac, Pangasinan, Nueva Vizcaya and Aurora. The province is nationally known as the Rice Granary of the Philippines, producing the largest rice yield in the country.
Once Removed (Inside No. 9)
"Once Removed" is the third episode of series four of the British black comedy anthology television programme Inside No. 9. Written by Steve Pemberton and Reece Shearsmith, the episode was directed by Jim O'Hanlon and was first shown on 16 January 2018, on BBC Two. It stars Pemberton, Shearsmith, Monica Dolan, Nick Moran, David Calder and Emilia Fox (with the voice of Rufus Jones).

Monica Dolan
Monica Margaret Dolan (born 15 March 1969) is an English actress. She won the BAFTA TV Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing Rosemary West in Appropriate Adult (2011) and the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for All About Eve in 2019.
Carolina Dog
The Carolina dog, also known as a yellow dog, yaller dog, American dingo, or Dixie dingo, is a breed of medium-sized dog occasionally found feral in the Southeastern United States, especially in isolated stretches of longleaf pines and cypress swamps. Efforts to establish them as a standardized breed have gained the Carolina Dog breed recognition in two smaller kennel clubs and full acceptance into the breed-establishment program of one major kennel club.

Originally a landrace breed, the Carolina dog was rediscovered living as a free-roaming population by I. Lehr Brisbin Jr., though originally documented in American dog-related publications in the 1920s. Carolina dogs show admixture with dog breeds from east Asia.

Despite the name, it is not the state dog of North Carolina (Plott Hound) or South Carolina (Boykin Spaniel).

American Kennel Club
The American Kennel Club (AKC) is a 501(c)(4) nonprofit registry of purebred dog pedigrees in the United States. In addition to maintaining its pedigree registry, this kennel club also promotes and sanctions events for purebred dogs, including the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, an annual event which predates the official forming of the AKC, the National Dog Show and the AKC National Championship. The AKC is a non-member partner with the Fédération Cynologique Internationale. The AKC fully recognizes 202 dog breeds, as of 2025.
1999–2000 Gamma Ethniki
The 1999–2000 Gamma Ethniki was the 17th season since the official establishment of the third tier of Greek football in 1983. Akratitos was crowned champion, thus winning promotion to Beta Ethniki. Nafpaktiakos Asteras also won promotion as a runner-up of the league.

Thesprotos, Agersani Naxos, Niki Volos, Neapolis Thessaloniki, Poseidon Michaniona, Ethnikos Katerini, Keratsini, Karditsa, Edessaikos and Doxa Vyronas were relegated to Delta Ethniki.

Football League (Greece)
The Football League (Greek: Φούτμπολ Λιγκ), also officially known as Beta Ethniki Katigoria (Greek: Β΄ Εθνική Κατηγορία, lit. 'Second National Division'), was second-tier professional men's association football league in Greece since its inception in 1962 as Beta Ethniki and until 2019. It then served as a third-tier professional men's association football league after the creation of the Greek Super League 2 as the new second-tier professional men's association football league and it was eventually abolished in 2021 when the 2021–22 Super League 2 went from a 12 team to a 36 team league, absorbing most of the clubs from the Football League.
Litopys UPA
The Litopys UPA volume series was created under the auspices of the Litopys UPA Publishing Company, an Ontario Corporation Without Share Capital incorporated in 1978. Publishing primary source, archival material and documents, and first person accounts that relate to the military history of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, underground resistance organizations, as well as the history of Ukraine during World War II and post-war decade. Each volume or group of volumes is devoted to a specific theme. Some deal with the military history in a specific period of time or region - for example, in Volyn, in Halychyna, as in the regions of Ukraine under Poland and so on. Two, three, or more volumes may be devoted to specicific themes. Memoirs, or books by individual authors dealing with particular questions, offer insight into individual topics. Ukrainian language with English introductions.

Volyn Oblast
Volyn Oblast (Ukrainian: Волинська область, romanized: Volynska oblast) or simply Volyn (Ukrainian: Волинь), is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine. It borders Rivne Oblast to the east, Lviv Oblast to the south, Poland to the west and Belarus to the north. Its administrative centre is Lutsk. Kovel is the westernmost town and the last station in Ukraine on the rail line running from Kyiv to Warsaw. The population is 1,021,356 (2022 estimate).
Marilyn Meyers
Marilyn Ann Meyers (born 1942) is a former American diplomat. She served as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim to Burma from September 1994 to October 1996.

Meyers grew up in Memphis, Tennessee. She completed her undergraduate education at Southwestern at Memphis (now called Rhodes College) with receiving a BA degree with honors in International Studies in 1964. With a Woodrow Wilson Fellowship, she attended the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies of Johns Hopkins University where she obtained an MA degree in International Studies in 1966.

Institute for Citizens and Scholars
The Institute for Citizens and Scholars (formerly known as the Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation) is a nonpartisan, non-profit institution based in Princeton, New Jersey that says it aims to strengthen American democracy by "cultivating the talent, ideas, and networks that develop lifelong, effective citizens". It administers programs and fellowships that support civic education and engagement, leadership development, and organizational capacity in education and democracy.

In June 2020, the Board of Trustees of the foundation voted unanimously to remove Woodrow Wilson from its name, citing his racist policies and beliefs. In November 2020, the organization was renamed the Institute for Citizens and Scholars.
The Slum Stars
The Slum Stars is a 2017 Indian children's film directed by Sandeep Singh Bawa and produced by Harpreet Kaur Dhillon. The film has a multiple cast of debuting child-artists. The film was shot in and around Chandigarh, and in the Punjab and Rajasthan.

Children's film
A children's film, or family film, is a film genre that generally relates to children in the context of home and family. Children's films are made specifically for children and not necessarily for a general audience, while family films are made for a wider appeal with a general audience in mind. Children's films come in several major genres like realism, fantasy, adventure, war, musicals, comedy, and literary adaptations.
Peachocaris
Peachocaris is a genus of extinct crustaceans in the order Lophogastrida containing at least two species. Peachocaris were small shrimp-like crustacean that lived in the shallow seas of the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian). The species Peachocaris strongi is found in the Mazon Creek fossil beds, a carboniferous lagerstätte in Illinois.

The genus was named by Frederick Schram in 1974. It is named after the British paleontologist Ben Peach who provided significant contributions to the early study of Carboniferous Malacostraca.

Mazon Creek fossil beds
The Mazon Creek fossil beds are a conservation lagerstätte found near Morris, in Grundy County, Illinois. The fossils are preserved in ironstone concretions, formed approximately 309 million years ago in the mid-Pennsylvanian epoch of the Carboniferous period. These concretions frequently preserve both hard and soft tissues of animal and plant materials, as well as many soft-bodied organisms that do not normally fossilize. The quality, quantity and diversity of fossils in the area, known since the mid-nineteenth century, make the Mazon Creek lagerstätte important to paleontologists attempting to reconstruct the paleoecology of the sites. The locality was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1997.
25th Game Developers Choice Awards
The 25th Game Developers Choice Awards was an award ceremony honoring outstanding achievements by game developers and video games released in 2024. The event took place on March 19, 2025, at the Moscone Center in San Francisco, California and was hosted by Alexa Ray Corriea. It was held alongside the Independent Games Festival awards.

Astro Bot
Astro Bot is a 2024 platform game developed by Team Asobi and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment for the PlayStation 5 in celebration of PlayStation's 30th anniversary. It is the fifth game in the Astro Bot series, following Astro's Playroom (2020), and Team Asobi's first game since its separation from Japan Studio.

As Astro, the player embarks on a quest to save lost robots, retrieve parts for the PlayStation 5 mothership, and defeat the alien Space Bully Nebulax. Much like the previous title Astro's Playroom, Astro Bot uses DualSense controller features including adaptive triggers and haptic feedback.

Astro Bot became the highest-rated game of 2024 on Metacritic. Critics praised the gameplay, level design, and content, with some comparing the game to Nintendo franchises, particularly the Super Mario series. Astro Bot won multiple awards including Game of the Year at the Game Awards 2024, the 21st British Academy Games Awards, and the 28th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards.
Kusev Point
Kusev Point (Bulgarian: Кусев нос, ‘Kusev Nos’ \'ku-sev 'nos\) is the point forming the north extremity of Pickwick Island and the west side of the entrance to Misionis Bay in the Pitt group of Biscoe Islands, Antarctica.

The point is named after Metropolitan Metodiy Kusev (1838-1922), a leader in the struggle for Bulgarian Church autocephaly and national unification.

Pickwick Island
Pickwick Island is the largest of the Pitt Islands, in the Biscoe Islands, Antarctica.  It is 9.45 km long in southwest–northeast direction, separated from Renaud Island on the southwest by Mraka Sound, and has its northeast coast indented by Misionis Bay.

The island was very roughly charted by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill, 1934–37. More accurately shown on an Argentine government chart of 1957. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1959 after Samuel Pickwick, founder of the Pickwick Club in Charles Dickens' Pickwick Papers.
Kelmans–Seymour conjecture
In graph theory, the Kelmans–Seymour conjecture states that every 5-vertex-connected graph that is not planar contains a subdivision of the 5-vertex complete graph K5. It is named for Paul Seymour and Alexander Kelmans, who independently described the conjecture; Seymour in 1977 and Kelmans in 1979. A proof was announced in 2016, and published in four papers in 2020.

Vertex connectivity
In graph theory, a connected graph G is said to be k-vertex-connected (or k-connected) if it has more than k vertices and remains connected whenever fewer than k vertices are removed.

The vertex-connectivity, or just connectivity, of a graph is the largest k for which the graph is k-vertex-connected.
Robert Award for Best Screenplay
The Robert Award for Best Screenplay (Danish: Robert Prisen for årets manuskript) is one of the merit awards presented by the Danish Film Academy at the annual Robert Awards ceremony. The award has been handed out since 1984, but except in 1991 and 1993. On two occasions, in 2005 and in 2015, the Academy handed out two awards in the category, one for best original screenplay (Danish: Årets originale manuskript), and one for best adapted screenplay (Danish: Årets adapterede manuskript).

Lars von Trier is the most wins in this category with six.

Tobias Lindholm
Tobias Lindholm is a Danish screenwriter and film director. He has written for many films and TV series, becoming known as a writer on the political drama series Borgen. His 2015 film A War was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. He is also known for directing the films R (2010), A Hijacking (2012), and The Good Nurse (2022).
Bruce Roberts (curler)
Bruce Edward Roberts (June 23, 1942 – December 30, 2022) was an American curler from Hibbing, Minnesota. Roberts won the 1976 World men's curling championship and was a five-time United States men's curling champion (1966, 1967, 1976, 1977, 1984).

Hibbing, Minnesota
Hibbing is a city in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 16,214 at the 2020 census. The city was built on mining the rich iron ore of the Mesabi Iron Range and still relies on that industry today. At the edge of town is the world's largest open-pit iron mine, the Hull–Rust–Mahoning Open Pit Iron Mine.

Hibbing's main routes are U.S. Highway 169, State Highway 37, State Highway 73, Howard Street, and 1st Avenue. It is about 59 miles (95 km) northwest of Duluth, Minnesota.
Sondre Jensen
Sondre Jensen (born 15 November 1971) is a Norwegian former footballer who played as a midfielder.

Sondre Jensen debuted for SK Brann in the highest league in 1990 and played five times for the club in 1990 and 1991. He was also capped once for the Norway U18 national team in a game against Sweden in 1989. However he is most known for being the son of the Brann-legend Roald "Kniksen" Jensen.

He later played for Fyllingen. After his football career Sondre Jensen has worked as a postman for Posten Norge, the Norwegian postal service, in Loddefjord in Bergen.

SK Brann
Sportsklubben Brann is a Norwegian professional football club based in Bergen. Founded on 26 September 1908, Brann has played in  the first tier of Norwegian football for 67 out of 80 seasons, the second most of any club. They play their home matches at Brann Stadion where they had a record-breaking average attendance of 17,310 in the 2007 season, the season in which they won their first league title since 1963.
1967–1968 Massachusetts legislature
The 165th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1967 and 1968 during the governorship of John Volpe. Maurice A. Donahue served as president of the Senate and Robert H. Quinn served as speaker of the House.

Massachusetts Senate
The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Senate comprises 40 elected members from 40 single-member senatorial districts in the state. All but one of the districts are named for the counties in which they are located (the "Cape and Islands" district covers Dukes, Nantucket, and parts of Barnstable counties). Senators serve two-year terms, without term limits. The Senate convenes in the Massachusetts State House in Boston, the state capital.
Alain Gilles
Alain Gilles (5 May 1945 – 18 November 2014) was a French professional basketball player and coach. He was 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) tall and played at the point guard and shooting guard positions.

His number 4 jersey was retired by ASVEL, and the club's logo was also designed in his honor. In 1991, Gilles was included in the FIBA's 50 Greatest Players' list.
He was named The Best French Basketball Player of the 20th Century, by a panel of players, coaches, and journalists. He was nicknamed "Monsieur Basket" (English: "Mr. Basket").

The Alain Gilles Trophy ("The Best French Player Award") is named after him, in his honor by the French Federation of Basketball.

FIBA's 50 Greatest Players (1991)
FIBA's 50 Greatest Players (1991), or 50 Greatest FIBA Players (1991), is the list of the 50 greatest players in the history of FIBA international basketball competition, as selected in 1991, by FIBA's official monthly magazine publication, FIBA Basket.
John of Hereti
John Senekerim (Georgian: იოანე სენექერიმი) was the ruler of the Kingdom of Hereti. John is the only known child of King Ishkhanik. During his reign Hereti reached an apex of power and prestige, mainly after the annexation of the right bank of Caucasian Albania. Armenian historian Movses Kaghankatvatsi calls him the "restorer of the Kingdom of Albania". Later he annexed parts of Kakheti and adopted the title of "King of the Tsanars". John had a good relations with the representatives of the Sallarid dynasty (Daylam) and with David III Kuropalates of Tao. Like his father Ishkhanik and grandmother Dinar, he contributed a lot to the conversion of his kingdom. He died without heirs.

David III of Tao
David III Kuropalates (Georgian: დავით III კურაპალატი, Davit’ III Kurapalati) or David III the Great (დავით III დიდი, Davit’ III Didi), also known as David II, (c. 930s – 1000/1001) was a Georgian prince of the Bagratid family of Tao, a historic region in the Georgian–Armenian marchlands, from 966 until his murder in 1000 or 1001. Kuropalates was a Byzantine courtier title bestowed upon him in 978 and again in 990.

David is best known for his crucial assistance to the Byzantine Macedonian dynasty in the 976–9 civil war and his unique role in the political unification of various Georgian polities as well as his patronage of Christian culture and learning. Between 987 and 989, David joined his friend Bardas Phocas in a revolt against the Byzantine emperor Basil II, but was defeated and agreed to cede his lands to the empire on his death. Yet he was able to secure for his heir, Bagrat III, an opportunity to become the first ruler of a unified Georgian kingdom.
2019 Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup
The 2019 Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup was the thirteenth season of the Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup. The season, for the seventh year contested by the riders on equal KTM 250cc 4-stroke Moto3 bikes, was held over 12 races in seven meetings on the Grand Prix motorcycle racing calendar, beginning at Jerez on 4 May and ending on 22 September at MotorLand Aragón. Spanish rider Carlos Tatay won the championship, securing the title after the Misano race.

MotorLand Aragón
MotorLand Aragón (alternative Spanish name: Circuito de Alcañiz) is a 5.344 km (3.321 mi) race track used for motorsports located in Alcañiz, Spain.

The circuit was designed by German architect Hermann Tilke in conjunction with the British architectural business Foster and Partners. Formula One driver Pedro de la Rosa was a technical and sporting consultant on the project.

The facility has been designed to incorporate three main zones; a technology park, a sports area and a leisure and culture area. The technology park will feature research and educational institutes related to the motor industry, the sports area will include the racing circuit (with multiple layouts), a karting track and various gravel circuits, whilst the leisure and culture section will feature a hotel, business centre and shopping facilities.
Kruzenshtern (ship)
Kruzenshtern or Krusenstern (Russian: Крузенштерн) is a four-masted barque (Russian: барк) that was built in 1926 at Geestemünde in Bremerhaven, Germany as Padua (named after the Italian city). She was surrendered to the USSR in 1946 as war reparation and renamed after the early 19th-century Baltic German explorer in Russian service, Adam Johann von Krusenstern (1770–1846). She is now a Russian sail training ship.

Of the four remaining Flying P-Liners, the former Padua is the only one still in use, mainly for training purposes, with her home ports in Kaliningrad (formerly Königsberg).

Geeste (river)
The Geeste is a river in Lower Saxony, Germany. It rises near the village of Hipstedt and falls into the Weser at Bremerhaven after a course of some 40 km (25 mi). It is the Weser's lowest tributary. The lower reaches of the Geeste are navigable and form part of the Elbe–Weser waterway.

A barrier system at Bremerhaven prevents storm surges from moving up the Geeste and flooding the surrounding districts. This was completed in 1961, just in time for the North Sea flood of 1962.

The Geeste near its source

The river's junction with the Elbe canal

A vessel motoring along the Geeste

Sluice at Bremerhaven

Meander at Bremerhaven
Ruido Fest
Ruido Fest   is an annual multi-day Latin American music festival in Chicago, Illinois, held every July in Addams/Medill Park.

Ruido Fest was first  held July 10–12, 2015. The festival features "Latin post punk, electronic, hip-hop, rock, psychedelia, tropicalia, reggae and punk acts from all over the American continent and world". Ruido is the Spanish word for "noise".

Ruido Fest had been scheduled for August 19-20, 2023 but was abruptly canceled.

Mon Laferte
Norma Monserrat Bustamante Laferte (born 2 May 1983) better known as Mon Laferte, is a Chilean and Mexican musician. Her musical style spans genres including pop, rock, bolero, cumbia, and salsa, reflecting her versatility. She gained recognition during the 2010s for her melodramatic style and stage presence.  In 2025, Billboard named her one of the best female Latin pop artists of all time.

Laferte has sold more than 4.8 million album-equivalent units in Mexico, making her the best-selling Chilean artist of the digital era. Her releases Mon Laferte, Vol. 1 (2015), La Trenza (2017), "Tu Falta De Querer", "Amárrame", and "Mi Buen Amor" have been certified diamond or higher by the Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas (AMPROFON). Her accolades include five Latin Grammy Awards (the most for a Chilean artist), a Musa Award, two MTV Europe Music Awards, four MTV MIAW Awards, and three Grammy Awards nominations.