hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Convict ships to Tasmania
Indefatigable arrived at Hobart Town in 1812 and was the first vessel to transport convicts to Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania). There was a break until 1818 when Minerva arrived. Thereafter one or more vessels arrived each year until 26 May 1853 when St Vincent became the last to arrive. In some cases the vessels concerned simply transferred convicts from Port Jackson.

Penal transportation
Penal transportation (or simply transportation) was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home.
Prostatic plexus (nervous)
The prostatic plexus is continued from the lower part of the pelvic plexus. It lies within the fascial shell of the prostate.

The nerves composing it are of large size.

They are distributed to the prostate seminal vesicle and the corpora cavernosa of the penis and urethra.

The nerves supplying the corpora cavernosa consist of two sets, the lesser and greater cavernous nerves, which arise from the forepart of the prostatic plexus, and, after joining with branches from the pudendal nerve, pass forward beneath the pubic arch.  Injury to the prostatic plexus (during prostatic resection for example) is highly likely to cause erectile dysfunction.  It is because of this relationship that surgeons are careful to maintain the integrity of the prostatic fascial shell so as to not interrupt the post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers that produce penile erection.

Pubic arch
The pubic arch, also referred to as the ischiopubic arch, is part of the pelvis. It is formed by the convergence of the inferior rami of the ischium and pubis on either side, below the pubic symphysis. The angle at which they converge is known as the subpubic angle.
John Hele (died 1608)
Sir John Hele (c. 1541–1608) of Wembury in Devon, serjeant-at-law, was a Member of Parliament for Exeter and was Recorder of Exeter (1592–1605). He was one of Prince's Worthies of Devon (1701). He built at Wembury one of the grandest manor houses ever seen in Devon, called by his near contemporary Risdon (died 1640): "A magnificent house, equalling, if not exceeding, all other in these western parts, for uniform building; a sightly seat for shew; for receipt spacious; for cost sumptuous; for sight salubrious". It was already a ruin by about 1700, and was finally demolished in 1803. He founded a boys' hospital in Plymouth. His monument and effigy survives in Wembury Church.

John Prince (biographer)
Rev. John Prince (1643–1723), vicar of Totnes and Berry Pomeroy in Devon, England, was a biographer.  He is best known for his Worthies of Devon, a series of biographies of Devon-born notables covering the period before the Norman Conquest to his own era.  He became the subject of a sexual scandal, the court records of which were made into a book in 2001 and a play in 2005.
Henry Utter
Henry Utter was an American politician who served as a member of the Illinois House of Representatives. He served as a state representative representing Edwards County in the 1st Illinois General Assembly and the 4th Illinois General Assembly, and as a state representative representing Wabash County in the 5th Illinois General Assembly.

1st Illinois General Assembly
The 1st Illinois General Assembly, consisting of the Illinois State Senate and the Illinois House of Representatives, met from October 4, 1818, to March 31, 1819, during the 1st two years of Shadrach Bond's governorship, at The Kaskaskia State House.   The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the provisions of the First Illinois Constitution.  Political parties were not established in the State at the time.

It was succeeded by the 2nd Illinois General Assembly.
Crime & Investigation Network (Asian TV channel)
Crime & Investigation Network (also known on promotions as "CI" and branded on-air and stylized as "Crime + Investigation") is a Southeast Asian pay television channel which focuses on crime, investigation and mystery programming. It is run by A+E Networks Asia, a joint-venture between A+E Networks and Astro Holdings Sdn Bhd and was launched on June 15, 2007.

It was launched on June 15, 2007, available initially in Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, and Hong Kong and then from 2008 in the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia. It is also currently available in Taiwan via the CHT MOD IPTV service.

Criminal procedure
Criminal procedure is the adjudication process of the criminal law. While criminal procedure differs dramatically by jurisdiction, the process generally begins with a formal criminal charge with the person on trial either being free on bail or incarcerated, and results in the conviction or acquittal of the defendant. Criminal procedure can be either in form of inquisitorial or adversarial criminal procedure.
Augustyn Skórski
Augustyn Andrzej Skórski (6 November 1936 – 22 January 1981) was a Polish ice hockey player. He played for Górnik Katowice and Baildon Katowice during his career. He won the Polish league championship in 1958 with Górnik. Skórski also played for the Polish national team at the 1964 Winter Olympics and several World Championships.

He died aged 44 in a road accident.

GKS Katowice
GKS Katowice (Polish pronunciation: [ɡʲɛ ka ˈɛs katɔˈvitsɛ]; GKS stands for Górniczy Klub Sportowy, lit. 'Miners Sporting Club') is a Polish men's professional football club based in Katowice. They currently compete in the Ekstraklasa in the 2024–25 season after gaining promotion from the I liga in 2024.
The Settlers of Zarahemla
The Settlers of Zarahemla is a 2003 licensed adaptation of the German board game Catan by Klaus Teuber and published by Überplay under the Inspiration Games imprint. The game is based on the Book of Mormon. Gameplay in Zarahemla is nearly identical to the original, with several major differences - most notably, the game has been modified to suit two-player play as part of its official rules.

Klaus Teuber
Klaus Wilhelm Heinrich Teuber (25 June 1952 – 1 April 2023)  was a German board game designer best known as the creator of Catan. Originally working as a dental technician, he began designing games first as a hobby then as a full-time career.

Four of his games won the prestigious Spiel des Jahres (Game of the Year) award: Barbarossa (1988), Adel Verpflichtet (1990), Drunter und Drüber (1991) and The Settlers of Catan (1995). The latter sold over 40 million copies, was translated into 40 languages and spawned a family of expansions and versions.  Teuber founded the games company Catan GmbH in 2002, and his sons now direct the family business.

Teuber was inducted into the Origin Awards Hall of Fame by the AAGAD (Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design) in 2004. In 2010, he received a special As d'Or in recognition of his lifetime achievement at the Festival International des Jeux in France.
Dubious Brothers
Dubious Brothers were a hip-hop duo based in Hamilton, New Zealand, formed in 2000. Members were Chris Macro (born Christopher Shaw, beatmaker/engineer/producer) and Tyna Keelan (guitars/bass/emcee). While New Zealand/Aotearoa hip-hop at the time (led by Che Fu and King Kapisi) was tending to contain a South Pacific influence, Dubious Brothers produced a more international style. This was largely due to the time Keelan had spent as a musician in Europe and Asia.

Che Fu
Che Kuo Eruera Ness MNZM (born 1974), better known by his stage name Che Fu (stylised as Ché-Fu), is a New Zealand singer, songwriter and producer.  A founding member of the band Supergroove, as a solo artist he has gone on to sell thousands of albums both in New Zealand and internationally. Che Fu is considered a pioneer of hip hop and Pasifika music in New Zealand.
Mijo (Better Call Saul)
"Mijo" is the second episode of the first season of the American television drama series Better Call Saul, the spinoff series of Breaking Bad. Written by series co-creator Peter Gould and directed by Michelle MacLaren, "Mijo" aired on AMC in the United States on February 9, 2015, and lasted 44 minutes and 20 seconds, one night after the series premiere. Outside of the United States, the episode premiered on streaming service Netflix in several countries.

The episode marks the first appearance of Nacho Varga (played by Michael Mando). In the episode, Jimmy McGill (Bob Odenkirk) accidentally meets Tuco Salamanca (Raymond Cruz), who thinks Jimmy and his clients, twins Lars and Cal Lindholm (Daniel Levine and Steven Levine), have come to scam his grandmother (Míriam Colón). In actuality, they were attempting to scam Betsy Kettleman, the wife of the Bernalillo County Treasurer. Tuco takes Lars, Cal, and Jimmy to a remote location in the desert, where he and Nacho interrogate them.

Míriam Colón
Míriam Colón Valle (née Colón y Quiles; August 20, 1936 – March 3, 2017) was a Puerto Rican actress. She was the founder and director of New York City's Puerto Rican Traveling Theater. Beginning her career in the early 1950s, she performed on Broadway and on television. She appeared in several Hollywood films including The Appaloosa, The Possession of Joel Delaney, Backroads, Gloria and Lone Star and  One-Eyed Jacks.

Colon appeared on television programs from the 1960s to the 2010s, including Sanford and Son and Gunsmoke. She is best known as "Mama Montana", the mother of Al Pacino's title character in Scarface. In 2014, she received the National Medal of Arts from President Barack Obama. In 1993, Colón received the Obie award for her theatre career, she also received several ACE awards. She died of complications from a pulmonary infection on March 3, 2017.
North Fork Crooked River
The North Fork Crooked River is a tributary, 46 miles (74 km) long, of the Crooked River in the U.S. state of Oregon. Beginning in the Ochoco National Forest and the Ochoco Mountains east of Prineville, it flows north, then east, then south-southwest to meet the larger stream between Post and Paulina. The confluence is 111 miles (179 km) upstream of where the Crooked River flows into the Deschutes River.

In 1988, Congress added a large fraction of the river to the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. About 12 miles (19 km) were designated "wild", about 8 miles (13 km) "scenic", and about 13 miles (21 km) "recreational". About 8 miles (13 km) of the upper river flowing through Big Summit Prairie was excluded from the Wild Rivers designation. It is private land used as livestock pasture.

Paulina, Oregon
Paulina (/pɔːˈlaɪ.nə/ paw-LY-nə) is an unincorporated community in Crook County, Oregon, United States. It is about 55 miles (89 km) east of Prineville on Oregon Route 380.  It was named after Paiute Chief Paulina. Paulina post office was established in 1882.
Paulina has one K-8 grade school. The community is the home of the Paulina Rodeo, which was the subject of a Kim Stafford poem, and the Paulina Ranger District of the Ochoco National Forest.
Akis Cleanthous
Akis Cleanthous (1964 – April 11, 2011) was a Cypriot politician and financial analyst. Cleanhous served as the chairman of the Cyprus Stock Exchange from 2003 to 2007 and Minister of Education and Culture from 2007 until 2008. He was a member of the Democratic Party (DIKO), a center-right political party.

Financial analyst
A financial analyst is a professional undertaking financial analysis for external or internal clients as a core feature of the job. The role may specifically be titled securities analyst, research analyst, equity analyst, investment analyst, or ratings analyst. The job title is a broad one:
In banking, and industry more generally, various other analyst-roles cover financial management and (credit) risk management, as opposed to focusing on investments and valuation.
William Dennis Pottery Kiln and House Site
William Dennis Pottery Kiln and House Site is a historic archaeological site located at Randleman, Randolph County, North Carolina. It was the site of the pottery kiln and home of William Dennis (b. 1769) and his son Thomas (b. 1791) and remained in operation until 1832. The pottery produced simple, utilitarian redware, and a variety of decorative slipware and tableware products. The William Dennis pottery and house site was located in 1974.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Randolph County, North Carolina
Randolph County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 144,171. Its county seat is Asheboro.

Randolph County is included in the Greensboro-High Point, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area.

In 2020, the center of population of North Carolina was located in Randolph County, east of Seagrove.
Micheline Daigle
Micheline Daigle is a former politician in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. She served on the Montreal city council from 1986 to 1994 as a member of the Montreal Citizens' Movement (MCM).

Daigle was administrator of the Rene Goupil community education centre and led a citizens' lobby group called Regroupe-Action in Montreal's Saint-Michel neighbourhood in the mid-1980s. She was first elected to council in the 1986 municipal election, centering her campaign around local opposition to the Miron Quarry urban landfill site. The MCM won a landslide majority in this election, and Daigle served as a backbench supporter of Jean Doré's administration. In 1988, she has named as vice-chair of Montreal's community development committee.

She was re-elected in the 1990 election and served a second four-year term. She was defeated in 1994, amidst a swing away from her party.

1986 Montreal municipal election
The 1986 Montreal municipal election took place on November 9, 1986, to elect a mayor and city councillors in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Longtime mayor Jean Drapeau did not seek re-election, and Jean Doré from the opposition Montreal Citizens' Movement (MCM) was elected to the position by a significant margin.

Elections also took place in suburban Montreal communities.
Sanghapala
Sanghapāla (466–524 CE) was a famous Khmer monk who traveled to Southern and Northern Dynasties China.

He, along with the fellow Funan monk, Mandrasena, translated Buddhist scriptures such as the Vimuttimagga or Path to Freedom into Chinese.: 58, 92

He is one of the only two Cambodian monks whose translations currently figure in the ChineseTripitaka.

Jiankang
Jiankang (Chinese: 建康; pinyin: Jiànkāng), or Jianye (建業; Jiànyè), as it was originally called, was the capital city of the Eastern Wu (229–265 and 266–280 CE), the Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420 CE) and the Southern Dynasties (420–552), including the Chen dynasty (557–589 CE). Its walls are extant as ruins in the modern municipal region of Nanjing. Jiankang was an important city of the Song dynasty. Its name was changed to Nanjing during the Ming dynasty.
Similarity invariance
In linear algebra, similarity invariance is a property exhibited by a function whose value is unchanged under similarities of its domain.  That is,  is invariant under similarities if  where  is a matrix similar to A.  Examples of such functions include the trace, determinant, characteristic polynomial, and the minimal polynomial.

A more colloquial phrase that means the same thing as similarity invariance is "basis independence", since a matrix can be regarded as a linear operator, written in a certain basis, and the same operator in a new basis is related to one in the old basis by the conjugation , where  is the transformation matrix to the new basis.

Basis (linear algebra)
In mathematics, a set B of elements of  a vector space V is called a basis (pl.: bases) if every element of V can be written in a unique way as a finite linear combination of elements of B. The coefficients of this linear combination are referred to as components or coordinates of the vector with respect to B. The elements of a basis are called basis vectors.

Equivalently, a set B is a basis if its elements are linearly independent and every element of V is a linear combination of elements of B. In other words, a basis is a linearly independent spanning set.

A vector space can have several bases; however all the bases have the same number of elements, called the dimension of the vector space.

This article deals mainly with finite-dimensional vector spaces. However, many of the principles are also valid for infinite-dimensional vector spaces.

Basis vectors find applications in the study of crystal structures and frames of reference.
Pian d'Alma
Pian d'Alma is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comuni of Castiglione della Pescaia and Scarlino, province of Grosseto. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 24.

Pian d'Alma is about 38 km from Grosseto, 17 km from Castiglione della Pescaia and 14 km from Scarlino, and it is situated in a plain crossed by the Alma river, at the bottom of the hill of Poggio Ballone, near the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Tyrrhenian Sea
The Tyrrhenian Sea (/tɪˈriːniən, -ˈreɪ-/, tih-REE-nee-ən ,-RAY-; Italian: Mar Tirreno [mar tirˈrɛːno] or [-ˈreː-]) is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy. Its namesake is from the Tyrrhenian people, identified with the Etruscans of Italy.
Flavobacterium aquicola
Flavobacterium aquicola  is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus of Flavobacterium which has been isolated from water from the Tamagawa River in Atsugi in Japan.

Atsugi
Atsugi (厚木市, Atsugi-shi) is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 June 2021, the city had an estimated population of 223,960 and a population density of 2400 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 93.83 square kilometres (36.23 sq mi). 
While the name "Atsugi" is often associated with the United States Navy base named Naval Air Facility Atsugi, the base is actually not in Atsugi, but straddles the border between the nearby cities of Ayase and Yamato.
Live Tour (Lorie album)
Live Tour was the name given to French pop singer Lorie's first concert tour. On 25 August 2003 a live recording of the show was released in two versions: a regular, jewel case release containing the CD and a DVD, and a limited edition cardboard box also including an exclusive all-access pass from the concert, five photos from the show in 20x29 cm format and a message written by the popular female singer. The CD booklet in both versions is a fold out poster. On 20 October 2003 a filmed version of the show was released on DVD.

Special edition
The terms special edition, limited edition, and variants such as deluxe edition, collector's edition, expanded edition, or nth anniversary edition are used as a marketing incentive for various kinds of products, originally published products related to the arts, such as books, prints, recorded music and films, and video games, but now including clothing, cars, fine wine, and whisky, among other products.  A limited edition is restricted in the number of copies produced, although in fact the number may be very low or very high. Suzuki (2008) defines limited edition products as those “sold in a state that makes them difficult to obtain because of companies limiting their availability to a certain period, quantity, region, or channel". A special edition implies there is extra material of some kind included.  The term is frequently used on DVD film releases, often when the so-called "special" edition is actually the only version released.
Goéry Delacôte
Goéry Delacôte, Légion d'honneur, is a French theoretical physicist and science educator. He has been involved with the direction of science centres in Europe and the United States. He was instrumental in establishing the Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie in Paris, and was head of scientific information and communication at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) for 10 years from 1982.

Delacôte founded the Exploradôme in Paris and has held prominent posts at science centres in San Francisco, California and Bristol, England.

Science museum
A science museum is a museum devoted primarily to science. Older science museums tended to concentrate on static displays of objects related to natural history, paleontology, geology, industry and industrial machinery, etc. Modern trends in museology have broadened the range of subject matter and introduced many interactive exhibits. Modern science museums, increasingly referred to as "science centres" or "discovery centres", also feature technology.

While the mission statements of science centres and modern museums may vary, they are commonly places that make science accessible and encourage the excitement of discovery.
Twice Removed from Yesterday
Twice Removed from Yesterday is the English guitarist and songwriter Robin Trower's first solo album. It was released in March 1973.  Cover art is by "Funky" Paul Olsen. The album was re-released on CD in 1990 by Capitol.

The album was reissued in 2023. It includes 2023 remaster, outtake, alternate mixes and tracks recorded at "John Peel Show" on 26 March 1973.

Robin Trower
Robin Leonard Trower (born 9 March 1945) is an English rock guitarist and producer who achieved success with Procol Harum from 1967 until 1971 and as the bandleader of his own power trio known as the Robin Trower Band.

Although Procol Harum was primarily known as a progressive rock band, Trower himself is known for his blues-infused guitar playing, which critics have frequently compared to that of Jimi Hendrix, whom he has cited as an influence.

As a solo artist, Trower released four consecutive gold-certified albums from 1974 to 1977 that charted well in the US and Canada, but in the 1980s his career faltered. He briefly returned to Procol Harum for their 1991 reunion album, The Prodigal Stranger, but left again to resume his solo career. His most recent solo album, Come and Find Me, was released in 2025.
35th Republican People's Party Ordinary Convention
The 35th Republican People's Party Ordinary Convention took place on 16 and 17 January 2016, having originally been scheduled for 2014. The convention date was pushed back from 2014, when it was supposed to be held two years after the previous in 2012, due to the 18th Extraordinary Convention that was held in September 2014. It w held shortly after the CHP's defeat in the November 2015 general election. The party was expected to see challengers to the leadership of Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, however, Kılıçdaroğlu was re-elected with no other candidate challenging him.

In November 2015, Kılıçdaroğlu ruled out any prospect of holding an Extraordinary Convention prior to the scheduled Ordinary Convention despite calls from some CHP MPs, claiming that the preparations for the Ordinary Convention had already begun.

Mustafa Balbay
Mustafa Ali Balbay (born August 8, 1960) is a journalist, writer and former Turkish MP. As the main political correspondent in Ankara for the left-wing Kemalist daily newspaper Cumhuriyet, he wrote a regular column called Gözlem which he took over from the prominent investigative journalist Ugur Mumcu, who was assassinated in 1993. Balbay was arrested on March 5, 2009 as an Ergenekon suspect in the Odatv case, and in August 2009 he was sentenced to 34 years and eight months.