hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duke Township, Harnett County, North Carolina
Duke Township is one of thirteen townships in Harnett County, North Carolina, United States. The township had a population of 5,965 according to the 2000 census and is the largest township in Harnett County by population. It is a part of the Dunn Micropolitan Area, which is also a part of the greater Raleigh–Durham–Cary Combined Statistical Area (CSA) as defined by the United States Census Bureau.

Geographically, Duke Township occupies 18.6 square miles (48 km2) in southeastern Harnett County.  The only incorporated municipality within Duke Township is Erwin.  The town of Erwin was also formerly known as Duke.

Erwin, North Carolina
Erwin is a town that is located in the eastern part of Harnett County, North Carolina, United States, located approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) from Dunn and approximately 20 miles (32 km) from Fayetteville. The city is a part of the Dunn, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is additionally a part of the greater Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC CSA, according to the United States Census Bureau. Currently, the city has a population of 5,270 as of the 2020 census. Its current mayor is Randy Baker, who has been the mayor since being elected on May 17, 2022.
Trollinger
Trollinger, Schiava, or Vernatsch, is a red German/Italian wine grape variety that was likely first originally cultivated in the wine regions of South Tyrol and Trentino, but today is almost exclusively cultivated on steep, sunny locations in the Württemberg wine region of Baden-Württemberg. It is primarily known under the synonyms Trollinger in Germany, Vernatsch in South Tyrol and Schiava in other Italian regions. As a table grape the variety is sometimes known as Black Hamburg, which is commonly confused with the similar synonym for Black Muscat—a variety that is actually a cross of Trollinger and Muscat of Alexandria.

According to wine expert Oz Clarke, Trollinger has moderate acidity and tends to produce light bodied wines with fruity strawberry and subtle smokey notes.

Sweetness of wine
The subjective sweetness of a wine is determined by the interaction of several factors, including the amount of sugar in the wine, but also the relative levels of alcohol, acids, and tannins. Sugars and alcohol enhance a wine's sweetness, while acids cause sourness and bitter tannins cause bitterness. These principles are outlined in the 1987 work by Émile Peynaud, The Taste of Wine.

According to the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV), wines can be classified based in their sugar content. A wine is considered dry when it contains no more than 4g/L of glucose plus fructose or when its acidic strength is at least 2g/L relative to glucose plus fructose. Medium dry wines have a sugar content higher than that of dry wines. Mellow or semi-sweet wines contain more sugar than the medium dry wines but no more than 45g/L. Sweet wines contain at least 45g/L of glucose plus fructose.
Best of 50 Cent
Best of 50 Cent is a greatest hits album by American rapper 50 Cent. It was released on March 31, 2017, by Shady Records, Aftermath Entertainment and Interscope Records. The compilation includes tracks from five of his previous studio albums: Power of the Dollar (2000), Get Rich or Die Tryin' (2003), The Massacre (2005), Curtis (2007) and Before I Self Destruct (2009). Also included are songs from the soundtrack to the film Get Rich or Die Tryin' (2005). It also includes the non-album singles "Get Up" and "I Get It In". Best of 50 Cent anthologizes the majority of the singles that 50 Cent released during his joint deals with Eminem's Shady, Dr. Dre's Aftermath, and major-label Interscope. This is the first Shady Records album that does not feature Eminem on a song.

Get Up (50 Cent song)
"Get Up" is a single by rapper 50 Cent, produced by Scott Storch. It was initially released as the official first single from his fourth studio album Before I Self Destruct, but it was later replaced by "Baby by Me", thus becoming an outtake from that album, and was only released in digital download on October 7, 2008 via Shady Records, Aftermath and Interscope.
Chuck Hay
Charles Hay, MBE (23 April 1930 – 4 August 2017) was a Scottish curler and World Champion. He skipped the Scottish team that won the 1967 World Curling Championships, known then as the Scotch Cup. The other members of the Scottish team were John Bryden, Alan Glen and Dave Howie. They defeated Sweden in the final. Scotland did not win another men's world title until 1991 when David Smith's rink (including Chuck's eldest son David) beat Canada in Winnipeg.

Hay was made an MBE in 1977 for his promotion of curling. In 2011, he received the Elmer Freytag Award for services to curling and was inducted into the World Curling Federation Hall of Fame in 2012.

Hay worked as a farmer in Perthshire.

1991 World Men's Curling Championship
The 1991 World Men's Curling Championship (branded as 1991 Canada Safeway World Men's Curling Championship for sponsorship reasons) took place from March 23 to 31 at the Winnipeg Arena in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Villa Certosella
Villa Certosella is a hotel in Capri, Italy. Set along the Via Tragara, it was the home of Camille du Locle when he lived in Capri. The villa was enlarged by the illustrator Jan Styka in Italian Renaissance style. Later, Edwin Cerio requisitioned the house so that it is now part of the Ignazio Cerio estate. Cerio removed the Renaissance elements, returning the house to the casa mediterranea style. The master builder, Luigi Desiderio, worked on the property.

Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen also resided at Villa Certosella before work on his Villa Lysis had been completed.

The villa is a hotel today and features notable gardens.

Jan Styka
Jan Styka (April 8, 1858 – April 11, 1925) was a Polish painter noted for producing large historical, battle-piece, and Christian religious panoramas. He was also illustrator and poet. Known also as a great patriotic speaker - his speeches were printed in 1915 under the French title L'ame de la Pologne (The Soul of Poland).
Black-capped piprites
The black-capped piprites (Piprites pileata), also known as the black-capped manakin, bailarín castaño, or piprites capirotado, is a species of suboscine passerine. It has been placed in the genus Piprites, part of the Tyrannidae family. Previously, the species was included in the family Pipridae, but was reclassified following genetic studies.

It is found in the Atlantic Forest, especially in regions where Araucaria angustifolia are found, in the highlands of southeastern Brazil and northeastern Argentina. Until the recent rediscovery in Argentina, the only confirmed record there was a specimen taken in 1959. It is considered as rare and its population is in decline; it is considered vulnerable by BirdLife International. It is known from a number of protected areas, including the Itatiaia National Park in Rio de Janeiro, and Campos do Jordão State Park in São Paulo.

Tyranni
The Tyranni (suboscines) are a suborder of passerine birds that includes more than 1,000 species, a large majority of which are South American. It is named after the type genus Tyrannus. These have a different anatomy of the syrinx musculature than the oscines (songbirds of the larger suborder Passeri), hence the common name of suboscines.

The suboscines originated in South America about 50 million years ago and dispersed into the Old World likely via a trans-Atlantic route during the Oligocene. Their presence in the early Oligocene of Europe is well documented by several fossil specimens.
G. K. Bharad Institute of Engineering
G. K. Bharad Institute of Engineering is a degree-awarding institution situated near Rajkot, Gujarat, India. It is affiliated to Gujarat Technological University in Ahmedabad and approved by the All India Council for Technical Education. It has departments of information technology, computer engineering, mechanical engineering, and civil engineering.

Rajkot
Rajkot (Hindi: [ˈraːdʒkoːʈ] ⓘ) is the fourth-largest city in the western Indian state of Gujarat, after Ahmedabad, Surat, and Vadodara. It is in the centre of the Saurashtra region of Gujarat. Rajkot is the 35th-largest metropolitan area in India, with a population of more than 2 million as of 2021. Rajkot is the 6th cleanest city of India, and it is the 22nd fastest-growing city in the world as of March  2021. It is located on the banks of the Aji and Nyari rivers. Rajkot was the capital of the Saurashtra State from 15 April 1948 to 31 October 1956, before its merger with Bombay State on 1 November 1956. Rajkot was reincorporated into Gujarat State on 1 May 1960.
Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro
The Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro was a military engagement that took place from 3–5 May 1811 during the Peninsular War. An Anglo-Portuguese Army under Wellington checked an attempt by the French Army of Portugal under Marshal André Masséna to relieve the besieged city of Almeida. The French defeat at Fuentes de Oñoro, in addition to the steadfastness of the allies and the formidable high ground and fortified position held by Wellesley, was further facilitated by the poor cooperation between Masséna and his subordinates. As Wellington stated, if Napoleon had been at Fuentes, "we should have been beat."

Almeida, Portugal
Almeida (European Portuguese pronunciation: [alˈmɐjðɐ] ⓘ) is a fortified village and a municipality in the sub-region of Beira Interior Norte and the District of Guarda, Portugal. The town proper has a population of 1,300 people (2011). The municipality population in 2011 was 7,242, in an area of 517.98 square kilometres (199.99 square miles). It is located in Riba-Côa river valley. The present Mayor is António Baptista Ribeiro, elected by the Social Democratic Party. The municipal holiday is July 2.
Cory Bailey (American football)
Cory Bailey (born December 9, 1975) is a college football coach. He was the assistant head coach and offensive coordinator for Framingham State University in 2023. He was also the defensive line coach and recruiting coordinator and at Coastal Carolina University in Conway, South Carolina. A graduate of the Fordham University, Bailey was  the head football coach at Assumption College in Worcester, Massachusetts from 2004 to 2007 and again from 2009 to 2012, compiling a record of 32–50.

Framingham State University
Framingham State University (Framingham State or FSU) is a public university in Framingham, Massachusetts. The university, then known as the Normal School in Lexington was founded in 1839 as the first state-supported normal school in the United States before becoming a full-fledged university. It offers undergraduate programs as well as graduate programs, including MBA, MEd, and MS.
Austroargiolestes elke
Austroargiolestes elke is a species of Australian damselfly in the family Argiolestidae,
commonly known as an azure flatwing. 
It is endemic to the vicinity of Eungella National Park in north-central Queensland, where it inhabits streams in rainforests.

Austroargiolestes elke is a medium-sized to large, black and blue damselfly, with strong pruinescence on adult bodies.
Like other members of the family Argiolestidae, it rests with its wings outspread.

Pruinescence
Pruinescence /ˌpruːɪˈnɛsəns/, or pruinosity, is a "frosted" or dusty-looking coating on top of a surface. It may also be called a pruina (plural: pruinae), from the Latin word for hoarfrost. The adjectival form is pruinose /ˈpruːɪnoʊs, -z/.
Albader Parad
Albader Parad (died February 21, 2010) was a senior leader of Abu Sayyaf, a group of Islamic militants in the Philippines with links to al-Qaeda. He led the kidnapping of three International Committee of the Red Cross workers in 2009 and was implicated in the 2000 Sipadan kidnappings, where 20 foreign tourists and a Filipino were abducted from the Sipadan Island Diving Resort in Sandakan, Sabah in Malaysia.

Parad was among Abu Sayyaf personalities wanted by the United States government, which had earmarked a ₱1 million reward for his neutralization. The Philippine government had also placed a ₱7 million bounty on his head.

Armed Forces of the Philippines units composed of Philippine Marines clashed with Abu Sayyaf forces in Jolo, killing Parad and five others on February 21, 2010.

Jolo
Jolo (Tausug: Sūg) is a volcanic island in the southwest Philippines and the primary island of the province of Sulu, on which the capital of the same name is situated. It is located in the Sulu Archipelago, between Borneo and Mindanao, and has a population of approximately 500,000 people.

The island is the location of the Jolo Group of Volcanoes, an active volcanic group, and contains numerous volcanic cones and craters, including the active Bud Dajo cinder cone. It had been the headquarters of militants from the terrorist group Abu Sayyaf however the group is now disbanded.
Pregnenolone acetate
Pregnenolone acetate (brand names Antofin, Previsone, Pregno-Pan), also known as pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one 3β-acetate, is a synthetic pregnane steroid and an ester of pregnenolone which is described as a glucocorticoid and as a skin-conditioning and skin anti-aging agent. It has been reported to reduce wrinkles in elderly women when applied in the form of a 0.5% topical cream, effects which were suggested to be due to improved hydration of the skin. Pregnenolone acetate has been marketed in France in a topical cream containing 1% pregnenolone acetate and 10% "sex hormone" for the treatment of premature skin aging but was withdrawn from the market in 1992. Although the medication has been described by some sources as a glucocorticoid, other authors have stated that systemic pregnenolone acetate has no undesirable metabolic or toxic effects even at high doses.

Wrinkle
A wrinkle, also known as a rhytid, is a fold, ridge or crease in an otherwise smooth surface, such as on skin or fabric. Skin wrinkles typically appear as a result of ageing processes such as glycation,  habitual sleeping positions, loss of body mass, sun damage, or temporarily, as the result of prolonged immersion in water. Age wrinkling in the skin is promoted by habitual facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors. In humans, it can also be prevented to some degree by avoiding excessive solar exposure and through diet (in particular through consumption of carotenoids, tocopherols and flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, D and E), essential omega-3-fatty acids, certain proteins and lactobacilli).
Pit Schubert
Pit Schubert (2 December 1935 – 28 February 2024) was a German non-fiction author, climber, and mountaineer. He was the founder and former head of the safety commission of the German Alpine Club (DAV).

German Alpine Club
The German Alpine Club (German: Deutscher Alpenverein, DAV for short) is the world's largest climbing association and the eighth-largest sporting association in Germany. It is a member of the German Olympic Sports Confederation and the competent body for sport and competition climbing, hiking, mountaineering, hill walking, ice climbing, mountain expeditions, as well as ski mountaineering. It is an association made up of local branches known as 'sections'.
Transylvanian rugs
The name Transylvanian rug is used as a term of convenience to denote a cultural heritage of 15th–17th century Islamic rugs, mainly of Ottoman origin, which have been preserved in Transylvanian Protestant (Hungarian and Saxon) churches. The corpus of Transylvanian rugs constitutes one of the largest collections of Ottoman Anatolian rugs outside the Islamic world.

Brukenthal National Museum
The Brukenthal National Museum (Romanian: Muzeul Național Brukenthal; German: Brukenthalmuseum) is a museum in Sibiu, Transylvania, Romania, established in the late 18th century by Samuel von Brukenthal (1721-1803) in his city palace. Baron Brukenthal, governor of the Grand Principality of Transylvania established his first collections around 1790. The collections were officially opened to the public in 1817, making the museum the oldest institution of its kind on the territory of modern-day Romania.

Today, in its extended form, it is a complex comprising six museums, which, without being separate administrative entities, are situated in different locations around the city and have their own distinct cultural programmes.
Mission Street
Mission Street is a north-south arterial thoroughfare in Daly City and San Francisco, California that runs from Daly City's southern border to San Francisco's northeast waterfront. The street and San Francisco's Mission District through which it runs were named for the Spanish Mission Dolores, several blocks away from the modern route. Only the southern half is historically part of El Camino Real, which connected the missions. Part of Mission Street in Daly City is signed as part of State Route 82 (SR 82).

Daly City, California
Daly City (/ˈdeɪli/) is the second-most populous city in San Mateo County, California, United States. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area, and immediately south of San Francisco (sharing its northern border with almost all of San Francisco's southern border), it is named for businessman and landowner John Donald Daly.  Its population was 104,901 at the 2020 census. The racial makeup of Daly City was 57.3% Asian, 11.7% non-Hispanic White, and 23.1% Hispanic or Latino of any race in the 2020 census. Notably, 33.2% of the population of Daly City is Filipino.
Don Jacoby
Don "Jake" Jacoby was a noted trumpeter, teacher, band leader and author who died December 25, 1992, at the age of seventy-two.  He played with Benny Goodman, Les Brown, did session work for CBS, NBC and soloed at Carnegie Hall. In addition, he did a great deal of recording session work in Dallas, Texas, where he also performed with his own groups, and served for a time as president of the A.F. of M., Local 147.

Benny Goodman
Benjamin David Goodman (May 30, 1909 – June 13, 1986) was an American jazz clarinetist and bandleader, known as the "King of Swing". His orchestra did well commercially.

From 1935 until the mid-1940s, Goodman led one of the most popular swing big bands in the United States. His concert at Carnegie Hall in New York City on January 16, 1938, is described by critic Bruce Eder as "the single most important jazz or popular music concert in history: jazz's 'coming out' party to the world of 'respectable' music."

Goodman's bands started the careers of many jazz musicians. During an era of racial segregation, he led one of the first integrated jazz groups, his trio and quartet. He continued performing until the end of his life while pursuing an interest in classical music.
Ziesite
Ziesite is a copper vanadate mineral with formula: β-Cu2V2O7.  It was discovered in 1980 as monoclinic crystals occurring as volcanic sublimates around fumaroles in the crater of the Izalco Volcano, El Salvador.  It is named after Emanuel George Zies (1883–1981), an American geochemist who studied Izalco in the 1930s.

Closely related is blossite, also a copper vanadate with formula of α-Cu2V2O7.  It forms orthorhombic crystals.  Blossite was also first described for specimens from the Izalco volcano.

Ziesite and blossite are polymorphs, different crystal structure for the same chemical composition and are quite similar in physical properties.

Associated minerals include stoiberite, shcherbinaite, bannermanite, fingerite, mcbirneyite, blossite, chalcocyanite and chalcanthite.

Crystal polymorphism
In crystallography, polymorphism is the phenomenon where a compound or element can crystallize into more than one crystal structure.

The preceding definition has evolved over many years and is still under discussion today. Discussion of the defining characteristics of polymorphism involves distinguishing among types of transitions and structural changes occurring in polymorphism versus those in other phenomena.
97th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
The 97th Pennsylvania Infantry was a Union infantry regiment which fought in multiple key engagements of the American Civil War, including the Siege of Fort Pulaski, Bermuda Hundred Campaign, Battle of Cold Harbor, Siege of Petersburg, and the Carolinas campaign.

Following this organization's muster-in during late August 1861, its leaders were presented the regiment's First State Color on November 4 by Pennsylvania Governor Andrew Gregg Curtin. Manufactured by Horstmann Brothers and Company, this flag was initially carried by the regiment's first color-bearer, Sergeant John D. Beaver.

Andrew Gregg Curtin
Andrew Gregg Curtin (April 22, 1815 – October 7, 1894) was an American lawyer and politician. He served as the 15th governor of Pennsylvania during the American Civil War, helped defend his state during the Gettysburg campaign, and oversaw the creation of the National Cemetery and the ceremony in which Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous Gettysburg Address.
History of Belarus (1991–present)
The modern history of Belarus began with the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The new Belarusian country struggled with many problems, including post-Soviet debt, nuclear arsenal, and inflation. These factors contributed to the current history of the Republic of Belarus, especially to the current leadership under Alexander Lukashenko, under whom the country's democracy backslided and later turning into a full authoritarian dictatorship.

Belarusian Popular Front
The Belarusian Popular Front "Revival" (BPF, Belarusian: Беларускі Народны Фронт "Адраджэньне", БНФ; Biełaruski Narodny Front "Adradžeńnie", BNF) was a social and political movement in Belarus in the late 1980s and 1990s whose goals were the national revival of Belarus, its democratization and independence from the Soviet Union. Its leader was Zianon Pazniak. It was similar to the Popular Fronts of Latvia and Estonia, and the Sąjūdis movement in Lithuania.
Chu Chung-shing
Chu Chung-shing (朱忠盛; born 1958) is an ivory sculptor based in Hong Kong. He is the founder of Prestige Crafts, an art studio located on Hollywood Road in Hong Kong. Chu is known for his elaborate carvings made from mammoth tusks.

Hollywood Road
Hollywood Road (Chinese: 荷李活道) is a street on Hong Kong Island. It runs between Central and Sheung Wan, with Wyndham Street, Arbuthnot Road, Ladder Street, Upper Lascar Row, and Old Bailey Street all within its vicinity.
Mowata, Louisiana
Mowata  is a small farming unincorporated community in Acadia Parish, Louisiana, United States, located between Crowley and Eunice along LA Hwy 13. The community is part of the Crowley Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The community includes the St. Lawrence Catholic church with a baseball park on the grounds. A small grocery store near the church is called "The Mowata Store" and is a popular place to buy boudin.

Boudin
Boudin (French pronunciation: [budɛ̃]) is a category of sausage - typically blood sausage - found in several French-speaking cultures. The added ingredients vary in French, Luxembourgish, Belgian, Swiss, Québecois, Acadian, Aostan, Louisiana Creole, and Cajun cuisine. Some variations such as boudin blanc contain no blood but retain the name.