hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maraş massacre
The Maraş massacre (Turkish: Maraş katliamı; Kurdish: Komkujiya Mereşê) was the massacre of more than one hundred leftists and Alevis in the city of Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, in December 1978, primarily by the neo-fascist Grey Wolves.

Martial law was declared after the massacre, but this did not halt a campaign of violence elsewhere including in cities like Çorum and Konya.

Konya
Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium.  In 19th-century accounts of the city in English its name is usually spelt Konia or Koniah. In the late medieval period, Konya was the capital of the Seljuk Turks' Sultanate of Rum, from where the sultans ruled over Anatolia.

As of 2024, the population of the Metropolitan Province was 2,330,024. 1,433,861 live in the three urban districts (Karatay, Selcuklu, Meram), making it the sixth most populous city in Turkey, and second most populous of the Central Anatolia Region, after Ankara. City has Konya is served by TCDD high-speed train (YHT) services from Istanbul, Ankara and Karaman. The local airport (Konya Havalimanı, KYA) is served by frequent flights from Istanbul whereas flights to and from İzmir are offered few times a week.
Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.
Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 801 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2015), is a decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, holding that copyright owners must consider fair use defenses and good faith activities by alleged copyright infringers before issuing takedown notices for content posted on the Internet.

Federal Reporter
The Federal Reporter (ISSN 1048-3888) is a case law reporter in the United States that is published by West Publishing and a part of the National Reporter System. It begins with cases decided in 1880; pre-1880 cases were later retroactively compiled by West Publishing into a separate reporter, Federal Cases. The fourth and current Federal Reporter series publishes decisions of the United States courts of appeals and the United States Court of Federal Claims; prior series had varying scopes that covered decisions of other federal courts as well. Though the Federal Reporter is an unofficial reporter and West is a private company that does not have a legal monopoly over the court opinions it publishes, it has so dominated the industry in the United States that legal professionals, including judges, uniformly cite to the Federal Reporter for included decisions.  Approximately 30 new volumes are published each year.
Samen voor altijd
"Samen voor altijd" (English: "Together forever") is a song recorded by Dutch artist Marco Borsato and his daughter Jada, featuring Dutch rapper Lange Frans and his son Willem, and Dutch producer John Ewbank and his daughter Day. It was written by John and Day Ewbank and Lange Frans, and was produced by John Ewbank. "Samen voor altijd" is listed on Borsato's twelfth studio album Duizend spiegels and was released on 22 November 2013 through label Universal Music.

Though Borsato himself said he didn't think the single with his daughter would become a big success, it did: it reached the peak position in the Mega Single Top 100 and the Ultratop 50, while reaching number 12 in the Dutch Top 40.

Dutch Top 40
The Dutch Top 40 (Dutch: Nederlandse Top 40) is a weekly music popularity chart compiled by Stichting Nederlandse Top 40. It was first published and broadcast on 2 January 1965 by Radio Veronica, a Dutch offshore radio station that had been looking for a reliable weekly chart based on Dutch record sales. The Veronica Top 40 - as the chart was titled until 1974 - was conceived by Veronica DJ Joost den Draaijer while on a business trip to New York in 1964. The chart was broadcast every Saturday afternoon and was issued as a printed leaflet ("Het gedrukte exemplaar") (something Den Draaijer had seen in the US) which fans could get for free from their local record store.

It is currently broadcast by Dutch radio station Q Music every Friday afternoon. In 2025 it celebrated its 60th anniversary, making it one of the oldest music charts in the world that did not change format or length during its existence.
Menzil, Kahta
Menzil (formerly Durak, Kurdish: Menzîl) is a village in the Kâhta District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Kawan tribe and had a population of 2,318 in 2021.

The village is home to a Naqshbandi lodge.

Adıyaman Province
Adıyaman Province is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. The capital is Adıyaman. Its area is 7,337 km2, and its population is 635,169 (2022). The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.

Adıyaman Province was part of the Malatya Province until 1954, when it was made into a province as a reward for voting for the winning Democratic Party in the 1954 general election.
Richard Cluet
Richard Cluet was a priest in England during the late 16th and early 17th centuries.

Cluet was born in Somerset and educated at Oriel College, Oxford. He was the Rector of St Aldate's Church in Oxford and St Anne and St Agnes in the City of London. He was Vicar of Fulham and Archdeacon of Middlesex from 1620 until his death on 20 November 1669.

St Anne and St Agnes
51°30′59″N 0°5′47″W﻿ / ﻿51.51639°N 0.09639°W﻿ / 51.51639; -0.09639

St Anne and St Agnes is a church located at Gresham Street in the City of London, near the Barbican. While St Anne's is an Anglican foundation, from 1966 to 2013 it was let to a congregation of the Lutheran Church in Great Britain.
Alfred J. Whittle Jr.
Alfred James Whittle Jr. (February 23, 1924 – May 18, 1993) was an admiral in the United States Navy.

Whittle graduated from the United States Naval Academy in June 1945. His first assignment was on USS Harry E. Hubbard (DD-748). Transitioning to submarines, he commanded USS Sterlet (SS-392), USS Seawolf (SSN-575) and USS Andrew Jackson (SSBN-619). He was Chief of Naval Material from 1978 to 1981. Awards and decorations he received include the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Legion of Merit and Meritorious Service Medal.

He died of cancer in 1993.

USS Sterlet
USS Sterlet (SS-392), a Balao-class submarine, was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for the sterlet, a small sturgeon found in the Caspian Sea and its rivers, whose meat is considered delicious and whose eggs are one of the world's great delicacies, caviar.
Jingletown
Jingletown is a pocket arts community in Oakland, California, adjacent to the Oakland Estuary, and about two miles southeast of Lake Merritt. It is bounded by the Coast Guard Island Bridge and Fruitvale Bridges, which connect Oakland to the city of Alameda. It is part of the area called Fruitvale (formerly, Brays and Fruit Vale) in East Oakland. Many working artists live in converted lofts that are common in the area.

Lake Merritt
Lake Merritt is a lake located in a large tidal lagoon basin in the center of Oakland, California, just east of Downtown. It is named after Samuel Merritt, Oakland's mayor in 1867–1869, who had the lagoon dammed turning the varying tidal lagoon into a stable salt-water lake. It is surrounded by parkland and city neighborhoods.  Historically significant as the first official wildlife refuge in the United States, designated in 1870, the lake has been listed as a National Historic Landmark since 1963. The circumference of the lake is 3.4 miles (5.5 km), with an area of 155 acres (63 ha).

The lake features grassy shores, several artificial islands intended as bird refuges, and an interpretive center called the Rotary Nature Center at Lakeside Park. There is a small fairy-tale themed amusement park called Children's Fairyland and The Gardens at Lake Merritt is also in the park. A popular walking and jogging path runs along the lake's perimeter.
Hystereo
"Hystereo" is an instrumental composition by Dutch disc jockey and record producer Armin van Buuren. The track was released in the Netherlands by Armind as a digital download on 5 September 2014 as the only single from van Buuren's compilation A State of Trance Ibiza 2014 at Ushuaïa.

A State of Trance Ibiza 2014 at Ushuaïa
A State of Trance Ibiza 2014 at Ushuaïa is the first compilation album in the A State of Trance Ibiza compilation series mixed and compiled by the Dutch DJ and record producer Armin van Buuren. It was released on 9 September 2014 by Armada Music.

In 2014, Armin van Buuren left his Ibiza residencies in Privilege Ibiza or Amnesia and became DJ resident at Ushuaïa Ibiza Beach Hotel. He decided to share the best tracks from his sets in a new double mix compilation series to replace the former Universal Religion series.
5357 Sekiguchi
5357 Sekiguchi (prov. designation: 1992 EL) is an Eos asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 15 kilometers (9 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 2 March 1992, by Japanese amateur astronomers Tetsuya Fujii and Kazuro Watanabe at the Kitami Observatory in eastern Hokkaidō, Japan. The asteroid was later named after Japanese astronomer Tomohiko Sekiguch.

Kitami Observatory
Kitami Observatory is an astronomical observatory in the Kitami-Abashiri Region Cultural Centre in eastern Hokkaidō, Japan. Its observatory code is 400. It is 0.72344 Earth radii from the rotation axis and +0.68811 Earth radii from the equatorial plane, 143.7827 degrees east of Greenwich.

The amateur astronomers Atsushi Takahashi and Kazuro Watanabe discovered many asteroids here. As of 2012, 680 discoveries have been made at Kitami.
Lone Rock Point
Lone Rock Point is a promontory north of Burlington, Vermont and on the eastern shore of Lake Champlain. It is publicly accessible via a trail network and sits on land owned by the Episcopal Diocese of Vermont.

The site is of geologic significance for its spectacular exposure of a thrust contact between the Cambrian-aged Dunham Dolomite and the Middle-Ordovician Iberville Shale. The thrust fault exposed at this location is regionally called the Champlain Thrust which formed during the Taconic Orogeny.  At this site, the stratigraphic throw of the Champlain Thrust measures about 8,850 feet.

The site is arguably the most visited structural geology feature in all of New England and is featured in many structural geology text books as a classic example of a thrust fault.

Episcopal Diocese of Vermont
The Episcopal Diocese of Vermont is the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America in the state of Vermont. It was the first diocese in the Episcopal Church to elect a woman, Mary Adelia Rosamond McLeod, as diocesan bishop.

The see city is Burlington, where the Cathedral Church of St. Paul is located.

The diocese reported 6,539 members in 2015 and 4,045 members in 2023; no membership statistics were reported in 2024 parochial reports. Plate and pledge income for the 43 filing congregations of the diocese in 2024 was $3,879,184. Average Sunday attendance (ASA) was 1,365 persons.
Teufelshöhle (near Steinau)
The Teufelshöhle (lit. English: Devil's Cave) is a dripstone cave situated in the Main-Kinzig district in Hesse, Germany. It is located approximately three kilometers north of Steinau an der Straße, nestled between the Spessart Mountains to the south and the Vogelsberg Mountains to the north, on the slope of the Kieskopf. This natural geological monument has an age of approximately 2.5 million years. The cave's discovery occurred unexpectedly in 1584. For a considerable period, local inhabitants avoided venturing into the cave due to a prevailing belief that the devil inhabited it. The first brief exploration of the cave took place in 1830. Subsequently, from 1905 to 1908, an access tunnel was excavated, leading to the development of the cave. In 1927, it was officially opened as an electrically illuminated show cave, spanning a length of 174 meters and comprising three substantial chambers, one of which contains dripstones.

Vogelsberg
The Vogelsberg (German pronunciation: [ˈfoːɡl̩sˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a large volcanic mountain range in the German Central Uplands in the state of Hesse, separated from the Rhön Mountains by the Fulda river valley.
Emerging approximately 19 million years ago, the Vogelsberg is Central Europe's largest basalt formation, consisting of a multitude of layers that descend from their peak in ring-shaped terraces to the base.

The main peaks of the Vogelsberg are the Taufstein, 773.0 metres (2,536.1 ft), and Hoherodskopf, 763 metres (2,503 ft), both now within the High Vogelsberg Nature Park.
African Liberation Forces of Mauritania
The African Liberation Forces of Mauritania (French: Forces de Libération Africaines de Mauritanie; abbreviated FLAM) was an illegal and exiled paramilitary organization for Black natives and inhabitants of Mauritania.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Château de Breteuil
The Château de Breteuil (previously called the Château de Bevilliers) is a château situated in the Vallée de Chevreuse in Yvelines department of France, 35 km (22 mi) to the southwest of Paris. The château was designated a monument historique in 1973.

The family of the Marquis de Breteuil gave three ministers to the Kings of France. The château is still owned by the Breteuil family.

The design is similar to the Château de Dampierre-en-Yvelines by Jules Hardouin-Mansart.

Jules Hardouin-Mansart
Jules Hardouin-Mansart (French pronunciation: [ʒyl aʁdwɛ̃ mɑ̃saʁ]; 16 April 1646 – 11 May 1708) was a French Baroque architect  and builder whose major work included the Place des Victoires (1684–1690); Place Vendôme (1690); the domed chapel of Les Invalides (1690), and the Grand Trianon of the Palace of Versailles.  His monumental work was designed to glorify the reign of Louis XIV.
Good People (play)
Good People is a 2011 play by David Lindsay-Abaire. The world premiere was staged by the Manhattan Theatre Club in New York City. At the 65th Tony Awards, the production was nominated for Best Play and Best Lead Actress (Frances McDormand), with the latter winning.

Manhattan Theatre Club
Manhattan Theatre Club (MTC) is a theatre company located in New York City, affiliated with the League of Resident Theatres. Lynne Meadow has been the company’s Artistic Director and visionary since 1972. Barry Grove joined the company in 1975 and was Meadow’s partner until 2023. Chris Jennings is now Executive Director. Manhattan Theatre Club has grown since its founding in 1970 from an Off-off Broadway showcase into one of the country's most acclaimed theatre organizations.

MTC's many awards include 31 Tony Awards, seven Pulitzer Prizes, 49 Obie Awards and 52 Drama Desk Awards, as well as numerous Drama Critics Circle, Outer Critics Circle and Theatre World Awards. MTC has won the Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Achievement, a Drama Desk for Outstanding Excellence, and a Theatre World for Outstanding Achievement.

MTC produces Broadway and Off-Broadway plays and musicals.
Feradi Minus
Feradi Minor was an ancient town in the Roman province of Africa proconsularis in the Sahel region of Tunisia. During late antiquity it was in the province of Byzacena.

During the Roman Empire Ferada was a civitas of the Roman province of Byzacena.  Unlike its namesake, Pheradi Majius, the exact location of this town is unknown, but it was located in what is northern Tunisia.

Feradi Minor, was also the seat of an ancient episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Church. Only one bishop of this diocese is known, Feliciano, a Catholic bishop at the Council of Carthage of 411 at that time the seat had no Donatist bishops.  Today Feradi Minor survives as titular bishopric and the current bishop is Canavarros Edmilson Tadeu dos Santos, 
 who replaced Salvador Q. Quizon in 2016.

Sahel, Tunisia
The Tunisian Sahel (Arabic: الساحل) or more precisely the Central East Tunisia is an area of central eastern Tunisia and one of the six Tunisian regions. It stretches along the eastern shore, from Bouficha in the north to Melloulèche in the south, it includes 3 governorates: Sousse, Monastir and Mahdia. Its name derives from the Arabic word sāḥil (ساحل), meaning "shore" or "coast".
The region's economy is based especially on tourism and it contains the second-biggest airport in Tunisia: Monastir Habib Bourguiba International Airport.
Paul A. Griffin
Paul A. Griffin is an accountant, academic, and author. He is Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the Graduate School of Management, University of California, Davis.

Griffin is most known for his research on how corporate information impacts financial market prices. He has also studied how investors respond to accounting regulations, corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures, and climate-related events such as wildfires and heat waves, as well as the disclosure practices of R&D-intensive firms. In addition to his journal articles, he has authored numerous monographs, including Usefulness to Investors and Creditors of Information Provided by Financial Reporting, Cases in Corporate Financial Reporting, and Accounting for the Translation of Foreign Currencies: The Effects of Statement 52 on Equity Analysts.

Griffin is a Fellow of Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand and has been co-editor of the journal Accounting Horizons.

Accounting Horizons
Accounting Horizons is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Accounting Association. It was established in 1987.

The Association yearly presents the Accounting Horizons and Issues in Accounting Education Best Paper Awards.
2017 Copa Colsanitas – Doubles
Lara Arruabarrena and Tatjana Maria were the defending champions, but chose not to compete together. Arruabarrena played alongside Mariana Duque Mariño, but lost in the quarterfinals to Verónica Cepede Royg and Magda Linette. Maria teamed up with Natela Dzalamidze, but lost in the quarterfinals to Irina Khromacheva and Nina Stojanović.

Beatriz Haddad Maia and Nadia Podoroska won the title, defeating Cepede Royg and Linette in the final, 6–3, 7–6(7–4).

Natela Dzalamidze
Natela Georgiyevna Dzalamidze (Russian: Натела Георгиевна Дзаламидзе, Georgian: ნათელა ძალამიძე, pronounced [natʰala dzalamidze]; born 27 February 1993) is a Russian-born Georgian inactive tennis player. On 16 May 2022, she reached her career-high doubles ranking of world No. 43. Dzalamidze has won three doubles titles on WTA Tour. She has also won three WTA Challenger doubles titles with ten singles and 29 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 16 November 2015, she reached her career-high singles ranking of No. 245 in the WTA rankings.
DOV-216,303
DOV 216,303 is an experimental antidepressant drug originally developed by DOV Pharmaceutical and was licensed to Merck & Co. in 2004; Merck and DOV terminated their relationship in December 2006.: 12

It is a triple reuptake inhibitor (TRI), or serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI). It is the racemic mixture of amitifadine (DOV-21,947) and its (–)-enantiomer, DOV-102,677.  Its IC50 values for SERT, NET, and DAT are Ki 14 nM, 20 nM, and 78 nM, respectively.

As of March 2008, DOV had no intention to further develop DOV-216,303 because the patent on the compound had expired.: 6

In a mouse model, DOV-216,303 has shown the ability to promote recovery after spinal cord contusion.

Norepinephrine transporter
The norepinephrine transporter, or more precisely sodium-dependent norepinephrine transporter (NET), also known as noradrenaline transporter, or more precisely sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter (NAT), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the solute carrier family 6 member 2 (SLC6A2) gene.

NET is a monoamine transporter and is responsible for the sodium-chloride (Na+/Cl−)-dependent reuptake of extracellular norepinephrine (NE), which is also known as noradrenaline. NET can also reuptake extracellular dopamine (DA). The reuptake of these two neurotransmitters is essential in regulating concentrations in the synaptic cleft. NETs, along with the other monoamine transporters, are the targets of many antidepressants and recreational drugs. In addition, altered NET availability is associated with ADHD. There is evidence that single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the NET gene (SLC6A2) may be an underlying factor in some of these disorders.
Van Mildert Boat Club
Van Mildert Boat Club (VMBC) is the rowing club of Van Mildert College, Durham at Durham University on the River Wear in England.

VMBC was founded in 1965 by Simon Scott, an Engineering undergraduate at Durham University and one of the founding members of Van Mildert College.

VMBC is a registered Boat Club through British Rowing, with Boat Code "VAN" and is a member organisation of Durham College Rowing.

In Durham, the club is a regular participant at Durham Regatta, races across the north east, the Head of the River Race and the Women's Eights Head of the River Race in London and Durham College Rowing events.

The boathouse of the club is on the River Wear, opposite Dunelm House and below Kingsgate Bridge. The college boat house burnt down after an arsonist attacked it on 21 December 2021.

Head of the River Race
The Head of the River Race (HORR) is an against-the-clock ('processional') rowing race for men's eights held annually on the River Thames in London, England; other such races are the Schools' Head of the River Race, Women's Eights Head of the River Race and Veterans' Head of the River Race.  Its competitors are, with a few experienced junior exceptions, seniors of UK or overseas clubs and it runs with the ebb tide down the 4.25 mile (6.8 km) Championship Course from Mortlake to Putney which usually one or two weeks later hosts the Oxford and Cambridge head-to-head races.

The race was founded on a much smaller scale, in 1925, by Steve Fairbairn – an influential rower then rowing coach of the early 20th century, who transformed the sport into one involving today's lengthier slides enabling conventional (Fairbairnized) racing shell propulsion.

"My dear boy, you are under a wrong impression. It is not a race, it is merely a means of getting crews to do long rows"
Pyzh
The Pyzh (Russian: Пыж [ˈpɨʂ]) is a small river in Perm Krai, Russia, that flows through the city of Perm and nearby Permsky District and is the longest left tributary of the Mulyanka. The Pyzh forms part of the border of Perm. The Pyzh is 22 kilometres (14 mi) long.

The Pyzh is subject to pollution with industrial waste of JSC "LUKOIL-Permnefteorgsintez".

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.