hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Menegazzia stirtonii
Menegazzia stirtonii is a species of foliose lichen found in New Zealand, and Tasmania, Australia.

It was first described as Parmelia stirtonii in 1929 by Alexander Zahlbruckner.  In 2004 Gintaras Kantvilas and Simone Louwhoff transferred it to the genus Menegazzia.

Gintaras Kantvilas
Gintaras Kantvilas (born 1956) is an Australian lichenologist, who earned his Ph.D. in 1985 from the University of Tasmania with the thesis Studies on Tasmanian rainforest lichens. He has authored over 432 species names, and 167 genera in the field of mycology.

Kanvilas completed his secondary education at St Virgil's College in Hobart in 1973.

In 1985, he was working for the Tasmanian National Parks and Wildlife Service. In 1987 he was listing his affiliation as Department of Botany, University of Tasmania, in addition to the Tasmanian National Parks and Wildlife Service. By 2001 his affiliation was listed as the Tasmanian Herbarium, and this has continued until at least 2018.

The lichen genera Gintarasia and Kantvilasia are named in his honour.

The standard author abbreviation Kantvilas is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Colder Weather
"Colder Weather" is a song by American country music group Zac Brown Band. Lead singer Zac Brown co-wrote the song with Coy Bowles (the band's keyboardist and guitarist), Wyatt Durrette and Levi Lowrey. It is the band's seventh single release overall, and the second single from their 2010 album You Get What You Give.

Levi Lowrey
Levi Lowrey is a singer-songwriter from Dacula, Georgia. He has performed extensively as a solo artist, headliner, and as the supporting act for well known names including Clay Cook, and Zac Brown Band. He is a great-grandson of Gid Tanner. Lowrey is one of the co-writers of the 'Colder Weather' performed by Zac Brown Band that went #1 for two weeks. Lowrey is also the co- writer of Zac Brown Band single 'The Wind" from their #1 Billboard album Uncaged. He is a CMA nominee for "Colder Weather" 2012 BMI Country Award Winner Top 50 songs of the year Colder Weather. 2011 and 2012 voted Best Local Songwriter- Creative Loafing. Roughstock named Levi 13 of 13: Ones to watch in 2013.

Lowrey has performed on many Zac Brown Band projects including the live album, "Pass the Jar: Zac Brown Band and Friends Live from the Fabulous Fox Theatre In Atlanta", the exclusive compilation, "Breaking Southern Ground", and Zac Brown Band's "You Get What You Give".
Bylgides
Bylgides is a genus of marine annelids in the family Polynoidae (scale worms). The genus contains nine species, all found in the Northern Hemisphere and from shallow inshore waters to depths of about 5000 m.

Chaeta
A chaeta or cheta (from Ancient Greek  χαίτη (khaítē) 'crest, mane, flowing hair'; pl. chaetae) is a chitinous bristle or seta found on annelid worms, although the term is also frequently used to describe similar structures in other invertebrates such as arthropods. Polychaete annelids (polychaeta literally meaning "many bristles") are named for their chaetae. In Polychaeta, chaetae are found as bundles on the parapodia, paired appendages on the side of the body. The chaetae are epidermal, extracellular structures, and clearly visible in most polychaetes. They are probably the best-studied structures in these animals. Segments bearing chaetae are called chaetigers.
Slavery and the Making of America
Slavery and the Making of America is a 2004 PBS four-part documentary series on African American slaves and their contributions to the United States. Famous African Americans, such as Colonel Tye, and historical figures, such as George Washington and John Murray, are documented in the series. The series also covers Black Loyalists and Black Patriots.

Emmy Award winning composer Michael Whalen wrote the film's original soundtrack.

Black Patriot
Black Patriots were African Americans who sided with the Patriots during the American Revolution. The term Black Patriots includes, but is not limited to, the 5,000 or more African Americans who served in the Continental Army and Patriot militias during the American Revolutionary War.

Their counterparts on the pro-British side were known as Black Loyalists, which were African Americans who had sided with the British during the revolution. Thousands of American slaves escaped to British lines to take up their offers of freedom in exchange for military service as per Virginia Governor Dunmore's Proclamation of 1775, promising freedom to Blacks who deserted their Patriot masters and fought for the British and the 1779 Philipsburg Proclamation, which declared the freedom all Blacks enslaved by Patriots who came over to the British side, whether or not they fought.
Isaac Ingram
Isaac Ingram (14 May 1855 – 19 November 1947) was an English professional cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born at Leigh near Tonbridge in Kent in 1855.

Ingram made his first-class cricket debut for Kent County Cricket Club against Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in May 1878 at Lord's. He played a total of 11 times for the county in 1878 before appearing one final time against Nottinghamshire at Canterbury in 1879. In local cricket he played for Leigh Cricket Club and for Chiddingstone Causeway where he worked making Dukes cricket balls in the company's factory.

Ingram received a pension of 7/6d from Kent until he died at Leigh in November 1947 aged 92.

British Cricket Balls Ltd
British Cricket Balls Limited is a British sports equipment and apparel company, specialising in cricket equipment. The company manufactures the Dukes brand of cricket balls used for playing Test cricket in United Kingdom, the West Indies and Ireland. The company was founded in 1760 by the Dukes family. The company is currently owned by Indian businessman Dilip Jajodia, who acquired it in 1987.
Jazz Impressions of Eurasia
Jazz Impressions of Eurasia  is a studio album by pianist Dave Brubeck and his quartet recorded after, and inspired by, their 1958 world tour sponsored by the American state department during which they played 80 concerts in 14 countries, including Turkey, Iran, Iraq, India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan, over three months. In the liner notes to the album, Brubeck notes that "These sketches of Eurasia have been developed from random musical phrases I jotted down in my notebook as we chugged across the fields of Europe, or skimmed across the deserts of Asia, or walked in the alleyways of an ancient bazaar. ... I tried to create an impression of a particular locale by using some of the elements of their folk music within the jazz idiom." The album was recorded in July and August 1958 at the Columbia 30th St. Studios in New York.

Paul Desmond
Paul Desmond (born Paul Emil Breitenfeld; November 25, 1924 – May 30, 1977) was an American jazz alto saxophonist and composer and proponent of cool jazz. He was a member of the Dave Brubeck Quartet and composed the group's biggest hit, "Take Five". The song remains the best-selling jazz song of all time.

In addition to his work with Brubeck, he led several groups and collaborated with Gerry Mulligan, Chet Baker, Jim Hall, and Ed Bickert. After years of chain smoking and poor health, Desmond succumbed to lung cancer in 1977 after a tour with Brubeck.
Pivot table
A pivot table is a table of values which are aggregations of groups of individual values from a more extensive table (such as from a database, spreadsheet, or business intelligence program) within one or more discrete categories. The aggregations or summaries of the groups of the individual terms might include sums, averages, counts, or other statistics. A pivot table is the outcome of the statistical processing of tabularized raw data and can be used for decision-making.

Although pivot table is a generic term, Microsoft held a trademark on the term in the United States from 1994 to 2020.

Business intelligence software
Business intelligence software is a type of application software designed to retrieve, analyze, transform and report data for business intelligence (BI).  The applications generally read data that has been previously stored, often - though not necessarily - in a data warehouse or data mart.
Glossary of music terminology
A variety of musical terms are encountered in printed scores, music reviews, and program notes. Most of the terms are Italian, in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical conventions. Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings. Most of the other terms are taken from French and German, indicated by Fr. and Ger., respectively.

Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. The list can never be complete: some terms are common, and others are used only occasionally, and new ones are coined from time to time. Some composers prefer terms from their own language rather than the standard terms listed here.

Review
A review is an evaluation of a publication, product, service, or company or a critical take on current affairs in literature, politics or culture. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a rating to indicate its relative merit.

Reviews can apply to a movie, video game, musical composition, book; a piece of hardware like a car, home appliance, or computer; or software such as business software, sales software; or an event or performance, such as a live music concert, play, musical theater show, dance show or art exhibition. Online review platforms also aim to provide a space where buyers can share authentic experiences—positive or negative—and businesses can use this feedback to improve their services. In the cultural sphere, The New York Review of Books, for instance, is a collection of essays on literature, culture, and current affairs.
Hoplocryptanthus tiradentesensis
Hoplocryptanthus tiradentesensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, endemic to Brazil (the state of Minas Gerais). It was first described by Leme in 2007 as Cryptanthus tiradentesensis.

Elton Leme
Elton Martinez Carvalho Leme (born 1960) is a Brazilian who is employed as a judge. He is also a self-taught botanist with a special interest in bromeliads. As of November 2022, the International Plant Names Index listed 629 scientific names which include Leme as a publishing author, including 13 generic names.
Lattersey Field
Lattersey Field is an 11.9 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Whittlesey in Cambridgeshire. It is owned by Fenland District Council and managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.

This former clay brick quarry has pits which have filled with water, and it has diverse habitats of grassland, woodland, scrub, pools, marshes and reedbeds. Mammals includes water voles, water shrews, and there are birds such as sedge warblers, tawny owls, woodcocks, great spotted woodpeckers and reed buntings.

There is access from New Road, which bisects the site.

Fenland District
Fenland is a local government district in Cambridgeshire, England. It was historically part of the Isle of Ely. The district covers around 500 square kilometres (190 sq mi) of mostly agricultural land in the extremely flat Fens. The council is based in Fenland Hall, in March. Other towns include Chatteris, Whittlesey and Wisbech, the largest of the four.

Since 2017 the district has been a constituent member of the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority, led by the directly-elected Mayor of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.

The neighbouring districts are East Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Peterborough, South Holland and King's Lynn and West Norfolk.
Château de la Grange Fort
The  Château de la Grange Fort or Château de la Grangefort is a 15th-century French castle located in the commune of  Les Pradeaux, near Issoire, in the Puy-de-Dôme département of France.

It dates from the 15th century but has been destroyed and rebuilt several times. In the 19th century, it was restored and embellished by Viollet-le-Duc. It was converted into a campsite and guest house by Van Bronkhorst, a Dutch family originally from Hengelo (Gelderland), who bought the site in 1985.

Hengelo, Gelderland
Hengelo is a town in the eastern part of The Netherlands, province of Gelderland (not to be confused with the much larger city of Hengelo, Overijssel). The predominantly rural area it is situated in is known as the Achterhoek. Hengelo (Gelderland) is famous for various horse-related activities (markets, horse-jumping, etc.). Once a year a motorbike race takes place just outside the town on a streetcircuit.
It used to be a separate municipality and is now part of the municipality of Bronckhorst.
Pick Up Stix
Pick Up Stix is an American fast-casual restaurant chain based in Laguna Hills, California, that serves fresh Asian cuisine (or Chinese-American cuisine as well) through corporate-owned restaurants and franchises in Southern California. The company serves both dine-in and take-out customers, and offers offsite catering and some delivery services. It also supplies meals to private schools as part of a school lunch program. It is owned by Lorne Goldberg's Mandarin Holdings, the parent company of Leeann Chin, who bought the company from Carlson Companies in 2010.

All of the company's food is cooked-to-order over high-heat burners using traditional woks. In a readers' poll in the June 2008 issue of San Diego Magazine, Pick Up Stix was named one of the three "Best Takeout" restaurants in San Diego.

San Diego Magazine
San Diego Magazine is a multi-platform media company covering food, arts and culture, travel, health and wellness, social progress, and life in San Diego County, California. Its flagship monthly magazine has won multiple regional and national awards. The media company also produces podcasts, large-scale events, custom publications, e-newsletters, and short- and long-form video. It is a member of the City and Regional Magazine Association (CRMA).

In October 2021, the media company was acquired by writer and Food Network host, Troy Johnson, and his wife Claire, former director of business operations at NBC Universal.
52266 Van Flandern
52266 Van Flandern (provisional designation 1986 AD) is a stony Phocaea asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 4 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 10 January 1986, by American astronomers Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States. The asteroid was later named for American astronomer Tom Van Flandern.

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.
Vimal Mishra
Vimal Mishra is an academic, researcher and climate scientist. He is a Vikram Sarabhai Chair Professor at the Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, India. His research focuses on Climate variability and change, land-atmospheric interactions, land surface hydrological modelling, operational hydrology to monitor and predict hydrologic extremes, and hydroclimatic extremes and their physical understanding (droughts, floods, and heatwaves). For his research work, he was awarded Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, in 2022 by the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, India. He was the sole awardee in the Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean, and Planetary Sciences category in 2022 for this prize.

Hydrological model
A hydrologic model is a simplification of a real-world system (e.g., surface water, soil water, wetland, groundwater, estuary) that aids in understanding, predicting, and managing water resources. Both the flow and quality of water are commonly studied using hydrologic models.
Belsize Park FC
Belsize Park was a short-lived 19th century rugby football club that was notable for being one of the twenty-one founding members of the Rugby Football Union. Although there is no direct link between this club and the modern day Belsize Park RFC which was founded in 1971 the modern club do deem themselves a re-establishment of the former and thus could be considered spiritual successors to the former club.

Spiritual successor
A spiritual successor (sometimes called a spiritual sequel) is a product or fictional work that is similar to, or directly inspired by, another previous product or work, but (unlike a traditional prequel or sequel) does not explicitly continue the product line or media franchise of its predecessor, and is thus only a successor "in spirit". Spiritual successors often have similar themes and styles to their preceding material, but are generally a distinct intellectual property.

In fiction, the term generally refers to a work by a creator that shares similarities to one of their earlier works, but is set in a different continuity, and features distinct characters and settings. Such works may arise when licensing issues prevent a creator from releasing a direct sequel using the same copyrighted characters and names as the original.
Strumigenys godeffroyi
Strumigenys godeffroyi is a species of ant. This is a very widespread species found in South East Asia as far east as southern India and Sri Lanka, and also Indonesia, the Philippines, Taiwan, New Guinea, northern Australia and much of Oceania.

It is very similar to several congeners but can usually be distinguished by the dorsal surface of the thorax bearing two pairs of long hairs.

Hair
Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.
The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair. Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types, and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin.

Attitudes towards different forms of hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, gender, or religion.
Kedambadi Ramaiah Gowda
Kedambadi Ramaiah Gowda was an Indian freedom fighter and revolutionary who united the farmers from Sullia and led the Amara Sullia Rebellion in 1837. Ramaiah hoisted the native flag after lowering the Union Jack, which is known to be the first-ever freedom movement against the East India Company. He was banished by the British Raj in the aftermath of the rebellion.

Sullia
Sullia (also known as Sulya, IPA: [suɭjɐ]) is a town in the Dakshina Kannada district of the state of Karnataka, India. It is the headquarters of the Sullia taluk. Sullia is located 300 kilometres west of the state capital Bengaluru.
Video Game Decency Act
The Video Game Decency Act of 2007 (H.R. 1531) was a failed proposed piece of U.S. video game legislation originally introduced into the 109th Congress as H.R. 6120 by Congressman Fred Upton on September 29, 2006. The bill was reintroduced into the 110th Congress as H.R. 1531 in March 2007, but died in committee later that year.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
Black Mountain (Inyo and Fresno counties, California)
Black Mountain is a 13,291-foot-elevation (4,051-meter) mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in northern California. It is situated on the common border of Fresno County with Inyo County, as well as the shared boundary of John Muir Wilderness and Kings Canyon National Park. It is 10.5 miles (16.9 km) west of the community of Independence, and 4.3 miles (6.9 km) north-northwest of parent University Peak. Black Mountain ranks as the 91st highest summit in California. Topographic relief is significant as the west aspect rises 2,750 feet (840 meters) above Rae Lakes in approximately one mile. The John Muir Trail traverses below the west aspect of this peak, providing an approach to the mountain. The first ascent of the summit was made in 1905 by George R. Davis, a USGS topographer. This mountain is habitat for the endangered Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep, which restricts climbing from July through December, so most ascents are made in the spring.

Inyo County, California
Inyo County (/ˈɪnjoʊ/ ⓘ) is a county in the eastern central part of the U.S. state of California, located between the Sierra Nevada and the state of Nevada. In the 2020 census, the population was 19,016. The county seat is Independence. Inyo County is on the east side of the Sierra Nevada and southeast of Yosemite National Park in Central California. It contains the Owens River Valley; it is flanked to the west by the Sierra Nevada and to the east by the White Mountains and the Inyo Mountains. Mono County is to the north. With an area of 10,192 square miles (26,400 km2), Inyo is the second-largest county by area in California, after San Bernardino County which is directly south of Inyo County. Almost half of Inyo County's area is within Death Valley National Park. However, with a population density of 1.8 people per square mile, it also has the second-lowest population density in California, after Alpine County.
Klara Hammarström
Klara Lovisa Hammarström (born 20 April 2000) is a Swedish singer and television personality. She has competed in Melodifestivalen on four occasions, most recently in 2025 with the song "On and On and On".

Masked Singer Sverige season 3
The third season of the Swedish version of Masked Singer started on 31 March 2023 on TV4. David Hellenius returns as presenter of the show while Nour El Refai, Felix Herngren, Pernilla Wahlgren and Måns Zelmerlöw all returned as jury.
Packera pauciflora
Packera pauciflora is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name alpine groundsel. It is native to northern North America, where it can be found in parts of western and eastern Canada and the northwestern United States. It grows in subalpine and alpine climates, such as mountain meadows.

It is a perennial herb producing one or more erect stems up to half a meter tall from a thick caudex and fibrous root system. The basal leaves have thick, toothed blades up to 4 centimeters long, and those higher on the stem have smaller, more dissected leaves. The inflorescence bears a single flower head or an umbel-shaped array of up to 6 heads. Each head has green to reddish or purplish phyllaries, many disc florets, and often several ray florets. The florets may be most any shade of red, orange, or yellow.
The specific epithet pauciflora is Latin for 'few-flowered'.

Caudex
A caudex (pl.: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In the strict sense of the term, meaning a stem, "caudex" is most often used with plants that have a different stem morphology from the typical angiosperm dicotyledon stem; examples include palms, ferns, and cycads. The largest of all caudices is that of the ombu (Phytolacca dioica) of the Pampas of South America, which can reach up to 14 metres girth.

The related term caudiciform, literally meaning stem-like, is sometimes used to mean pachycaul, thick-stemmed. Caudices should not be confused with lignotubers which can also be very large.