hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Scott Donaldson
Robert Scott Donaldson (1875–1944) was a Canadian politician who represented Lumsden on the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan during the 9th sitting.

He also represented Thunder Creek from 1925 to 1929, and 1934 to 1938.

Lumsden (electoral district)
Lumsden was a provincial electoral division for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. The district was one of 25 created before the 1st Saskatchewan general election in 1905. It was the riding of Premier Thomas Walter Scott.

The Lumsden constituency was renamed "Regina County" between the 1908 election and the 1912 election. Redrawn to include the area of the abolished district of North Qu'Appelle in 1934, the constituency was renamed "Qu'Appelle". Redrawn and renamed again as "Qu'Appelle-Lumsden" in 1982, the riding was abolished before the 23rd Saskatchewan general election in 1995. It is now part of the Regina Qu'Appelle Valley, Lumsden-Morse, and Last Mountain-Touchwood constituencies.
Karen Carson
Karen Carson (born 1943, Karen Hansen) is an American contemporary artist who lives and works in Los Angeles and Big Timber, Montana. A significant figure in the Los Angeles feminist art movement, primarily a painter, she employs a variety mediums and styles that represent the emotional "turbulence of contemporary life" by finding visual parallels in both nature and culture.

Big Timber, Montana
Big Timber is a city in, and the county seat of, Sweet Grass County, Montana, United States. The population was 1,650 at the 2020 census.

Big Timber takes its name from Big Timber Creek, which was named by William Clark because of the large cottonwood trees. The post office was established in 1880, closed, then reopened in 1882 with Ella Burns as postmaster. As a stop on the Northern Pacific Railroad, Big Timber became a major wool-shipping depot. It became the county seat in 1895. A fire in 1908 destroyed half the commercial buildings and a third of the residential homes.
Snuol district
Snuol (ស្នួល) is a district in Kratié province, Cambodia. According to the 1998 census of Cambodia, it had a population of 35,156. The population recorded by the 2008 census was 61,603. The city was the site of a major Vietnam War battle during the Cambodian Civil War. Snoul Wildlife Sanctuary was a protected area in the district, but it was degazetted in 2018 after extensive deforestation.

Kratié province
Kratié (Khmer: ក្រចេះ, Krâchéh [krɑˈceh]), alternatively spelled Kracheh, is a province of Cambodia located in the northeast. It borders Stung Treng to the north, Mondulkiri to the east, Kampong Thom and Kampong Cham to the west, and Tboung Khmum, and the country of Vietnam to the south.

The province’s capital is the town of Kratié located within the Kratié Municipality.
Barchowsky Fluent Handwriting
Barchowsky Fluent Handwriting (BFH) is a modern  teaching script for handwriting based on Latin script, developed in the late 20th century by Nan Jay Barchowsky in Maryland, US, with the aim of allowing learners to make an easier transition from print writing to cursive.

Handwriting
Handwriting is the personal and unique style of writing with a writing instrument, such as a pen or pencil in the hand. Handwriting includes both block and cursive styles and is separate from generic and formal handwriting script/style, calligraphy or typeface. Because each person's handwriting is unique and different, it can be used to verify a document's writer. The deterioration of a person's handwriting is also a symptom or result of several different diseases. The inability to produce clear and coherent handwriting is also known as dysgraphia.
Magomed Gadaborshev
Magomed Gadaborshev (Russian: Магомед Гадаборшев) (? – July 9, 2009) was a Russian-Ingushetian colonel who headed Ingushetia's Forensics and Investigations Center.

On July 7, 2009, attackers opened fire on Gadaborshev's car as he drove through the city center of Nazran, the largest city in Ingushetia. He suffered gunshot wounds in the attack and fell into a coma. Doctors pronounced Gadaborshev dead on July 9, 2009.

Gadaborshev's killing followed a string of attacks on and assassinations of Ingush officials in the preceding weeks. The President of Ingushetia, Yunus-Bek Yevkurov, was seriously wounded in a bombing on June 22, 2009. The deputy chief justice of the Supreme Court of Ingushetia Aza Gazgireeva and former deputy prime minister Bashir Aushev were also assassinated in separate shootings in June 2009.

Nazran
Nazran (Russian: Назра́нь; Ingush: Наьсаре, romanized: Näsare) is the largest city in Ingushetia, Russia. It served as the republic's capital from 1991 to 2000, until it was replaced by Magas, which was built for this purpose. It is the most populous city in the republic, with a population of 122,350 in the 2021 census.
Vaazhnthu Kaattugiren
Vaazhnthu Kaattugiren (transl. I will live and show) is a 1975 Indian Tamil language drama film directed by Krishnan–Panju and produced by S. S. Karuppusamy. The story was written by S. S. Thennarasu. The screenplay and dialogue were written by Mahendran. Music was composed by M. S. Viswanathan. The film stars Sujatha, R. Muthuraman, and Padmapriya, with Srikanth, M. N. Rajam, Manorama, and Suruli Rajan in supporting roles. It was released on 1 November 1975, and became a box office success.

M. N. Rajam
Madurai Narasimha Achary Rajam is an Indian actress, who works mainly in Tamil cinema. She was known for her roles in Ratha Kanneer, Pennin Perumai, Pudhayal, Thanga Padumai, Nadodi Mannan, Pasamalar, Thaali Bhagyam and Arangetram.
MBOAT
The MBOAT (membrane bound O-acyl transferase) family of membrane proteins is a family of various acyltransferase enzymes. All family members contain multiple transmembrane domains and most carry two conserved residues, a conserved histidine (His) embedded in a hydrophobic stretch of residues and an asparagine (Asn) or histidine within a more hydrophilic region some 30-50 residues upstream.

MBOAT enzymes catalyze the transfer of an acyl group from an acyl-coenzyme or accessory protein to one of several different substrates. The family is found from bacteria to eukaryotes.

The family may be grouped into three categories, according to function:

enzymes involved in neutral lipid biosynthesis;

enzymes involved in protein/peptide acylation;

enzymes involved in phospholipid re-modelling.

Conserved sequence
In evolutionary biology, conserved sequences are identical or similar sequences in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) or proteins across species (orthologous sequences), or within a genome (paralogous sequences), or between donor and receptor taxa (xenologous sequences). Conservation indicates that a sequence has been maintained by natural selection.

A highly conserved sequence is one that has remained relatively unchanged far back up the phylogenetic tree, and hence far back in geological time. Examples of highly conserved sequences include the RNA components of ribosomes present in all domains of life, the homeobox sequences widespread amongst eukaryotes, and the tmRNA in bacteria. The study of sequence conservation overlaps with the fields of genomics, proteomics, evolutionary biology, phylogenetics, bioinformatics and mathematics.
Graham Nicholls
Graham Nicholls (born 30 July 1975) is a British author, installation artist and specialist on out of body experiences. He speaks widely on parapsychology, ethics and art at institutions ranging from the London Science Museum, The Society for Psychical Research to the Cambridge Union Society.

Society for Psychical Research
The Society for Psychical Research (SPR) is a nonprofit organisation in the United Kingdom. Its stated purpose is to understand events and abilities commonly described as psychic or paranormal. It describes itself as the "first society to conduct organised scholarly research into human experiences that challenge contemporary scientific models." It does not, however, since its inception in 1882, hold any corporate opinions: SPR members assert a variety of beliefs with regard to the nature of the phenomena studied.
Frederiksborg Glacier
Frederiksborg Glacier (Danish: Frederiksborg Gletscher) is a glacier on the east coast of the Greenland ice sheet. It is named after Frederiksborg Castle in Denmark.

Administratively this glacier is part of the Sermersooq Municipality.

Sermersooq
Sermersooq (Greenlandic pronunciation: [sɜm.mɜs.sɔːq̚]) is a municipality in Greenland, formed on 1 January 2009 from five previous, smaller municipalities, and is the largest municipality in the world by area. Its administrative seat is the city of Nuuk, the capital of Greenland, and it is the most populous municipality in the country, with 24,229 inhabitants as of January 2025.
Peter Barlerin
Peter Henry Barlerin is an American diplomat and career member of the Senior Foreign Service who served as the United States Ambassador to Cameroon from 2017 to 2020. He has served as an American diplomat since 1989. Prior to becoming an ambassador, he was the Deputy Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of African Affairs at the United States Department of State. Barlerin has served at seven U.S. missions overseas, including posts in Madagascar, Japan, France, Chad, and Mali.

Senior Foreign Service
The Senior Foreign Service (SFS) comprises the top four ranks of the United States Foreign Service.  These ranks were created by the Foreign Service Act of 1980 and Executive Order 12293 in order to provide the Foreign Service with senior grades equivalent to general and flag ranks in the military and naval establishments, respectively, and to grades in the Senior Executive Service.  Like military ranks and other Foreign Service ranks, the Senior Foreign Service grade system assigns rank in person, not rank in position.
Wikielec, Braniewo County
Wikielec [viˈkʲɛlɛt͡s] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Iława, within Braniewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) west of Braniewo and 81 km (50 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Gmina Iława
Gmina Iława is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Iława, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 423.55 square kilometres (163.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 11,828.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Iława Lake District Landscape Park.
Jo Zwaan
Jo Zwaan (11 November 1922 – 5 February 2012) was a Dutch sprinter. He competed in the Men's 100 m and 4 × 100 m relay events at the 1948 Summer Olympics. Two years earlier he had already been present at the 1946 European Athletics Championships as part of the Dutch 4 × 100 m relay team, that finished in 4th position in 42.3 seconds.

His brother Jan was also an Olympic sprinter; he participated in the 110 m hurdles event at the 1948 Games.

Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres sprint event at the 1948 Olympic Games in London, England, we held at Wembley Stadium on 30 and 31 July. Sixty-three athletes from 33 nations competed; each nation was limited to 3 runners by rules set at the 1930 Olympic Congress. The final was won by American Harrison Dillard, in a photo finish. Lloyd LaBeach of Panama won his nation's first medal in the men's 100 metres, a bronze. This was the first time a photo finish camera was used at an Olympic Games. The photo finish equipment consisted of a photoelectric cell, called the Magic Eye, produced by Swiss watchmaker Omega and a slit photography camera produced by the British Race Finish Recording Company.
Gmina Tuczna
Gmina Tuczna is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Biała Podlaska County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Tuczna, which lies approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) south-east of Biała Podlaska and 93 km (58 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 170.37 square kilometres (65.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,507 (3,246 in 2014).

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Archimbaud
Archimbaud is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aline Archimbaud (born 1948), French politician

Jean Pierre Archimbaud (born 1994), Peruvian footballer

Louis Archimbaud (1705–1789), French composer

Aline Archimbaud
Aline Archimbaud (born 2 November 1948) is a French politician. She is a member of the French Senate who represents the department of Seine-Saint-Denis. She is a member of the Écologistes !.

She was born in Belfort. Archimbaud was elected to the European Parliament in 1992 and served until 1994 as a member of The Green Group in the European Parliament. She was elected to the French senate on 2 September 2011.
Nowe Resko
Nowe Resko [ˈnɔvɛ ˈrɛskɔ] (German Ritzig) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Połczyn-Zdrój, 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Świdwin, and 97 km (60 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Świdwin
Świdwin [ˈɕfidvin] (German: Schivelbein; Kashubian: Skwilbëno) is a town in West Pomeranian Voivodeship of northwestern Poland. It is the capital of Świdwin County, and the administrative seat of Gmina Świdwin. Świdwin is situated in the historic Pomerania region on the left bank of the Rega river, about 100 km (62 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin and 44 km (27 mi) south of the Baltic coast at Kołobrzeg. In 2018 the town had a population of 15,725.
Thomas Rayner Dawson
Thomas Rayner Dawson (28 November 1889 – 16 December 1951) was an English chess problemist and is acknowledged as "the father of Fairy Chess". He invented many fairy pieces and new conditions. He introduced the popular fairy pieces grasshopper, nightrider, and many other fairy chess ideas.

Chess problem
A chess problem, also called a chess composition, is a puzzle created by the composer using chess pieces on a chessboard, which presents the solver with a particular task. For instance, a position may be given with the instruction that White is to move first, and checkmate Black in two moves against any possible defence. A chess problem fundamentally differs from over-the-board play in that the latter involves a struggle between Black and White, whereas the former involves a competition between the composer and the solver. Most positions which occur in a chess problem are unrealistic in the sense that they are very unlikely to occur in over-the-board play. There is a substantial amount of specialized jargon used in connection with chess problems.
Aalten
Aalten (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈaːltə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality and a town in the eastern Netherlands. The former municipalities of Bredevoort (1818) and Dinxperlo (2005) have been merged with Aalten.

Notable inhabitants of Aalten include Angus Young, guitarist of the Australian rock band AC/DC, and Robert Gesink, a professional road bicycle racer.  During World War II, 51 of Aalten's 85 Jews were hidden by local non-Jews, and thereby survived the war. According to the War and Resistance Museum in Aalten, the village had the highest number of people in hiding during World War II. The village of approximately 13,000 residents hid some 2,500 people.

Angus Young
Angus McKinnon Young (born 31 March 1955) is an Australian musician, best known as the co-founder, lead guitarist, songwriter, and the only continuous member of the hard rock band AC/DC. He is known for his energetic performances, schoolboy-uniform stage outfits and his own version of Chuck Berry's duckwalk. Young was ranked 38th in the 2023 edition of Rolling Stone's 250 greatest guitarists of all time list. In 2003, Young and the other members of AC/DC were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Robert of Thourotte
Robert of Thourotte (died 1246) was Bishop of Langres 1232–1240, and Bishop of Liège 1240–1246.

He instituted the feast of Corpus Christi, which he ordered to be celebrated first in 1246. This was at the suggestion conveyed through his archdeacon Jacques Pantaléon of Juliana of Liège, whom he had supported in her conflict with the convent authorities.

Pope Urban IV
Pope Urban IV (Latin: Urbanus; c. 1195 – 2 October 1264), born James Pantaleon (French: Jacques Pantaléon), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 August 1261 to his death three years later. He was elected pope without being a cardinal; he was the first to be elected in such a way, and this would occur for only 5 more popes afterwards (Gregory X, Celestine V, Clement V, Urban V, and Urban VI).
Bible translations into Georgian
The Bible was first translated into the Georgian language as early as the 5th century. The Vani Gospels (Vani Four Gospels; Georgian: ვანის ოთხთავი, Vanis otkhtavi) is an illuminated manuscript of the gospels in the Georgian Nuskhuri script dating from the end of the 12th–early 13th centuries. Recently a new translation was completed by the Institute for Bible Translation.

Vani Gospels
The Vani Gospels (Vani Four Gospels; Georgian: ვანის ოთხთავი, Vanis otkhtavi) is an illuminated manuscript of the Four Gospels in the Georgian nuskhuri script dating from the end of the 12th–early 13th centuries. The manuscript was composed at the queen Tamar of Georgia's request by the Georgian monk John the Unworthy at the Rhomana Monastery at Constantinople. It was later brought to Georgia and kept first at the Shorata Monastery (Meskheti), then in Vani (Imereti; hence comes its name) and eventually at the Gelati Monastery at Kutaisi.

The manuscript consists of 274 folios each of 29X21 cm in size and is abundantly illuminated. It is now at the Georgian National Center of Manuscripts in Tbilisi, Georgia (A-1335).
Moruny
Moruny [mɔˈrunɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Kętrzyn County
Kętrzyn County (Polish: powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying 16 km (10 mi) west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn.

The county covers an area of 1,212.97 square kilometres (468.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435.
Zospeum manitaense
Zospeum manitaense is a cave-dwelling species of air-breathing land snail. Some individuals in this genus were previously described under the name of Zospeum amoenum, Zospeum isselianum or Zospeum pretneri.

Troglofauna
Troglofauna are small cave-dwelling animals that have adapted to their dark surroundings. Troglofauna and stygofauna are the two types of subterranean fauna (based on life-history). Both are associated with subterranean environments – troglofauna are associated with caves and spaces above the water table and stygofauna with water. Troglofaunal species include spiders, insects, myriapods and others. Some troglofauna live permanently underground and cannot survive outside the cave environment. Troglofauna adaptations and characteristics include a heightened sense of hearing, touch and smell. Loss of under-used senses is apparent in the lack of pigmentation as well as eyesight in most troglofauna. Troglofauna insects may exhibit longer appendages and a lack of wings.
UK Youth Climate Coalition
The UK Youth Climate Coalition (UKYCC) is a non-profit youth organisation in the United Kingdom. It is part of The Climate Coalition in the UK

Formed in 2008, the mission of the organisation is to mobilise and empower young people to take positive action for global climate justice. To achieve this, the UKYCC organises a series of projects, campaigns and events each year, including sending youth delegations to the United Nations Climate Negotiations.

The organisation is supported by a coalition of non-governmental organisations.

Plan International
Plan International is a development and humanitarian organisation based in the United Kingdom that works in over 80 countries across Africa, the Americas, and Asia, focusing on children’s rights. In 2025, Plan International reached 49.2 million children, including 26.1 million girls, through its programming, and responded to 73 emergencies.

Plan International also provides training in disaster preparedness and recovery and has worked on relief efforts in countries including Haiti, Colombia and Japan.
Asociación Corredores de Turismo Carretera
Asociación Corredores de Turismo Carretera (ACTC) is a governing body based in Argentina that specializes in auto racing competitions. It was founded on 30 August 1960, initially as a representative body and defender of the rights of drivers who competed in the Turismo Carretera category (hence its name), and then transformed in the mid-1970s into a competition inspection body, independent of the highest automotive body in Argentina: The Argentine Automobile Club. Currently, the ACTC is chaired by the former Turismo Carretera driver Hugo Mazzacane, and is in charge of the supervision of all the divisions of the TC. In addition to this category, ACTC also supervised the competitions of the Top Race V6 category, which it created in 1997 and which it ceased to audit in 2011.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.