hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
JQY
JQY (or Jewish Queer Youth) is a New York-based nonprofit organization that supports and empowers LGBTQ youth with a focus on those from Orthodox, Chassidic, and Sephardic/Mizrahi homes. The group was founded in 2001 as an online listserv and began meeting in the Manhattan Jewish Community Center in 2003. Rachael Fried became executive director in June 2019.

Jewish Community Center
A Jewish Community Center or Centre (JCC) is a general recreational, social, and fraternal organization serving the Jewish community in a number of cities. JCCs promote Jewish culture and heritage through holiday celebrations, Israel-related programming, and other Jewish education. However, they are open to everyone in the community.

JCC Association of North America is the continental umbrella organization for the Jewish Community Center movement, which includes nearly 150 JCCs, YM–YWHAs, and camp sites in the U.S. and Canada.
Assol Slivets
Assol Vitalyevna Slivets (Russian: Ассоль Витальевна Сливец; born 22 June 1982), also known under the nickname Assol "Oly" Slivets, is a Belarusian, and later Russian freestyle skier. She competed for Belarus until 2011, and then switched to Russia.

She has participated at two Olympic Games in the Aerial event. She came fifth at the 2006 Olympics  and reached the finals at the 2010 Olympics.

She won a bronze at the 2007 World Ski Championships in the Aerials event.

She made the podium at five of her first 53 World Cup events.

Her hometown club in Minsk was the Republican Centre for Physical Education and Sports. Later she moved to Sochi. Assol Slivets is a sister of a freestyle skier Timofei Slivets.

Freestyle skiing
Freestyle skiing is a  skiing discipline comprising aerials, moguls, cross, half-pipe, slopestyle and big air as part of the Winter Olympics. It can consist of a skier performing aerial flips and spins and can include skiers sliding rails and boxes on their skis. Known as "hot-dogging" in the early 1970s, it is also commonly referred to as freeskiing, jibbing, and many other names, around the world.
Winfield Gaylord
Winfield Romeo Gaylord (June 14, 1870 – February 23, 1943) was an American journalist, minister, and socialist lecturer.  He represented the northwest side of the city of Milwaukee in the Wisconsin State Senate during the 1909 and 1911 sessions.  He also ran for U.S. House of Representatives five times on the Socialist or Social Democratic ticket, and was a candidate for Governor of Wisconsin in 1906.

49th Wisconsin Legislature
The Forty-Ninth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 13, 1909, to June 18, 1909, in regular session.  During this term, legislative business was largely held in the north wing of the Wisconsin State Capitol, which was the only part of the capitol to remain intact after the 1904 fire.

Senators representing even-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 3, 1908. Senators representing odd-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 6, 1906.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican James O. Davidson, of Crawford County, serving his second full two-year term, having won re-election in the 1908 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Ajaylat Stadium
Ajaylat Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Ajaylat, Libya.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Al Urouba.  The stadium holds 8,000 people. This season (Libyan Premier League 2008/2009), Wefaq Sabratha will be playing there while their stadium (Sabratha Stadium) is under maintenance.

Sabratha
Sabratha (Arabic: صبراتة, romanized: Ṣabrāta; also Sabratah, Siburata), in the Zawiya District of Libya, was the westernmost of the ancient "three cities" of Roman Tripolis, alongside Oea and Leptis Magna. From 2001 to 2007 it was the capital of the former Sabratha wa Sorman District. It lies on the Mediterranean coast about 70 km (43 mi) west of modern Tripoli. The extant archaeological site was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982.
Russell Ellen
Russell Ellen (born 8 February 1954) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Ellen later played for West Perth in the West Australian Football League (WAFL), Wembley in the Western Australian Amateur Football League, his old team Marnoo in the Lexton Football League, South Broken Hill in the Broken Hill Football League, and finally in Perth's Sunday Football League.

Broken Hill Football League
The AFL Broken Hill (formerly, Broken Hill Football League) is an Australian rules football competition based in the Broken Hill region of New South Wales, Australia which has been running since 1890, and since 1900 with the current four clubs.  It is the oldest Australian Football League in the state.

Although located in the state of New South Wales the league is an affiliated member of the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). The Broken Hill Football League is in the Murray Mallee Barrier Zone in the South Australian Country Football Championships.
Varva settlement hromada
Varva settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Варвинська селищна громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Pryluky Raion, Chernihiv Oblast. The territory of the Varva settlement hromada is located within the Dnieper Lowland, of the Sula basin. Its administrative center is the town of Varva.

It has an area of 588.3 square kilometres (227.1 mi2) and a population of 15,610, as of 2025.

Desna (river)
The Desna (Russian and Ukrainian: Десна) is a river in Russia and Ukraine, a major left-tributary of the Dnieper. Its name in Old East Slavic: деснъ means lit. "right hand". It has a length of 1,130 km (702 mi), and its drainage basin covers 88,900 km2 (34,324 sq mi).

In Ukraine, the river's width ranges from 60 to 250 metres (200 to 820 ft), with its average depth being 3 m (10 ft). The mean annual discharge at its mouth is 360 m3/s (13,000 cu ft/s). The river freezes over from early December to early April, and is navigable from Novhorod-Siverskyi to its mouth, a length of about 535 km (332 mi).

The water level of the river reached its lowest recorded point in 140 years in June 2020. This water level was 5 m (16 ft) below normal for that time of year.
Zengwen Dam
Zengwen Dam, also spelled Tsengwen Dam, (Chinese: 曾文壩; Hanyu Pinyin: Zéngwén Bà; Tongyong Pinyin: Zéngwún Shuěibà; Wade–Giles: Tseng2-wen2 Shui3-b'a4) is a major earthen dam in Dapu Township, Chiayi County, Taiwan on the Zengwen River. It is the third tallest dam in Taiwan, and forms Zengwen Reservoir (曾文水庫), the biggest reservoir in Taiwan by volume. The dam stores water for irrigation of the Chianan Plain, Taiwan's most productive agricultural region, and provides flood control along the Zengwen River which flows through Tainan City. The dam supports a 50 megawatt hydroelectric power station.

Tongyong Pinyin
Tongyong Pinyin was the official romanization of Mandarin in Taiwan between 2002 and 2008. The system was unofficially used between 2000 and 2002, while a new romanization system for Taiwan was being evaluated for adoption. Taiwan's Ministry of Education approved the system in 2002, but its use was optional.

From 1 January 2009, the Ministry of Education began promoting Hanyu Pinyin. Local governments were not able to get financial aid from the central government if they used Tongyong Pinyin-derived romanizations. However, Tongyong Pinyin has continued in use for the transliteration of some place names and personal names in Taiwan (Republic of China). Some of the romanized names of the districts, subway stations and streets in Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yunlin County and other places are derived from Tongyong Pinyin –  for example, Cijin District (旗津區, Cíjin Cyu).
Kyrgyzstan men's national basketball team
The Kyrgyzstan national basketball team is the national Basketball team of Kyrgyzstan, Asia. Their last match was in the 2015 FIBA Asia Championship qualification Central Asia playoff, a rout loss to Kazakhstan in Astana. The majority of their best players play in Kazakhstan, including rebounding expert center Sergei Kazantcev and Turkish-born player Andrey Kislitsin.

The team had its best year in 1995. Then, at the official 1995 Asian Basketball Championship, the team surprisingly finished ahead of favorites such as Iran, Philippines and Jordan.

A prominent player of Kyrgyzstani descent is also Kyranbek Makan who plays for China because he was born and raised there.

2015 FIBA Asia Championship qualification
Qualification for the 2015 FIBA Asia Championship was held to determine the participants in the 2015 FIBA Asia Championship. China secured qualification by being named as hosts. The other fifteen berths were disputed per FIBA Asia zone, and via the 2014 FIBA Asia Cup.
Masterminds (2016 film)
Masterminds is a 2016 crime comedy film based on the October 1997 Loomis Fargo robbery in North Carolina. Directed by Jared Hess and written by Chris Bowman, Hubbel Palmer and Emily Spivey, it stars Zach Galifianakis, Owen Wilson, Kristen Wiig, Kate McKinnon, Leslie Jones and Jason Sudeikis.

It premiered in Los Angeles on September 26, 2016, and was theatrically released in the United States on September 30, 2016, by Relativity EuropaCorp Distribution and Relativity Media. It received mixed reviews and grossed $29.7 million.

Jon Daly
Jonathan Barney Daly (born April 14, 1977), sometimes credited as Jonathan C. Daly, Jon C. Daly, or Jon Daly, is an American actor, comedian, writer and producer best known for his sketch comedy work on the Comedy Central series Kroll Show. In 2013, he starred as Hobbes in the Amazon Studios original series Betas, and also played Agent Filippo in Zoolander 2 (2016).
2024 Milano–Torino
The 2024 Milano–Torino was the 105th edition of the Milano–Torino cycling classic. It was held on 13 March 2024 as a category 1.Pro race on the 2024 UCI ProSeries calendar.

The race began in Rho, on the outskirts of Milan, and finished in Salassa, on the outskirts of Turin

Salassa
Salassa is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Turin in the Canavese traditional region.

The 5th Stage of the 2023 Giro Donne began at Salassa on the 4th of July.
Mike Whalen
Mike Whalen (born November 4, 1960) is an American college athletics administrator and former college football and collegiate wrestling coach. He is the athletic director at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut, a position he has held since 2013. Whalen served as the head football coach at Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts from 2004 to 2009 and at Wesleyan from 2010 to 2014, compiling a career college football head coaching record of 64–24. He was also the head wrestling coach at Williams from 1996 to 2004. Whalen played football and wrestled at Wesleyan.

Williamstown, Massachusetts
Williamstown is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It shares a border with Vermont to the north and New York to the west. Located in Berkshire County, the town is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts metropolitan statistical area. The population was 7,513 at the 2020 census. A college town, it is home to Williams College, the Clark Art Institute and the Tony-awarded Williamstown Theatre Festival.
Rudby
Rudby is a village and civil parish, 4 miles (6.4 km) from the market town of Stokesley in the county of North Yorkshire, England.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Hambleton, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

River Leven, North Yorkshire
The River Leven (pronounced /ˈliːvən/) in North Yorkshire, England is a tributary of the River Tees. It rises on Warren Moor, part of Kildale Moor, in the North York Moors and flows to the north of the moors to join the River Tees at Yarm.
Vladislav Volkov
Vladislav Nikolayevich Volkov (Russian: Владислав Николаевич Волков; 23 November 1935 – 30 June 1971) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on the Soyuz 7 and Soyuz 11 missions. The second mission terminated fatally. Volkov and the two other crew members were asphyxiated on reentry, the only three people to have died in outer space.

Asphyxia
Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of deficient supply of oxygen to the body which arises from abnormal breathing. Asphyxia causes generalized hypoxia, which affects all the tissues and organs, some more rapidly than others. There are many circumstances that can induce asphyxia, all of which are characterized by the inability of a person to acquire sufficient oxygen through breathing for an extended period of time. Asphyxia can cause coma or death. In 2015, about 9.8 million cases of unintentional suffocation occurred which resulted in 35,600 deaths. The word asphyxia is from Ancient Greek α- "without" and σφύξις sphyxis, "squeeze" (throb of heart).
2013 Men's Junior World Handball Championship
The 2013 IHF Men's Junior World Championship was the 19th edition of the tournament and was held in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 14 – 28 July 2013.

The Oceania Continent Handball Federation withdrew from the tournament.

Oceania Continent Handball Federation
The Oceania Continent Handball Federation (OCHF) is the governing body for the Olympic sport of Handball in Oceania. It was founded in 2014 and is affiliated to the International Handball Federation (IHF) and Asian Handball Federation (AHF).

The OCHF is administered by an executive committee elected annually by its members. The OCHF members are the local governing Handball federations in countries within the Oceania region that are also members of the
IHF and AHF.
Hexabromoethane
Hexabromoethane (HBE, perbromoethane) is a perbromocarbon with the chemical formula C2Br6. Its structure is Br3C−CBr3. It is a yellowish white crystalline solid. It decomposes to tetrabromoethylene upon heating. Like many other halocarbons, HBE decomposes when exposed to radiation.

Tetrabromoethylene
Tetrabromoethylene is an organobromine compound with the chemical formula C2Br4. Its structure is Br2C=CBr2. Under standard conditions, it exists in a form of colorless crystals. It is a brominated derivative of ethylene. Tetrabromoethylene is a potential fungicide and bactericide on fruits. It was used in mineral separation. It is an irritant.

It is prepared from acetylene and bromine in multiple steps. One method involves dehydrobromination of pentabromoethane, other method involves bromination of dibromoethylene in chloroform. Reaction of mercuric acetylide and bromine also gives tetrabromoethylene. It can be produced by oxybrominating butane with free oxygen and bromine.

Tetrabromoethylene gives tribromoacetyl bromide upon treatment with fuming nitric acid.
Tarski–Kuratowski algorithm
In computability theory and mathematical logic the Tarski–Kuratowski algorithm is a non-deterministic algorithm that produces an upper bound for the complexity of a given formula in the arithmetical hierarchy and analytical hierarchy.

The algorithm is named after Alfred Tarski and Kazimierz Kuratowski.

Upper and lower bounds
In mathematics, particularly in order theory, an upper bound or majorant of a subset S of some preordered set (K, ≤) is an element of K that is greater than or equal to every element of S.
Dually, a lower bound or minorant of S is defined to be an element of K that is less than or equal to every element of S. 
A set with an upper (respectively, lower) bound is said to be bounded from above or majorized (respectively bounded from below or minorized) by that bound. 
The terms bounded above (bounded below) are also used in the mathematical literature for sets that have upper (respectively lower) bounds.
2001 London Sevens
The 2001 London Sevens was an international rugby sevens tournament that was part of the World Sevens Series in the 2000–01 season. It was the London Sevens leg held  at Twickenham Stadium on 27–28 May 2001.

The tournament was the eighth event of the series, and was won by New Zealand who defeated Australia 19–12 in the Cup final.

New Zealand national rugby sevens team
The New Zealand national rugby sevens team competes in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens, Summer Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games. They have won a record 14 World Rugby Sevens Series titles.

The team played for the first time at the 1973 International Seven-A-Side Tournament.
Anne Ryman
Anne Ryman is an American journalist. In 2018, she won a George Polk Award, and was part of a team that won a Pulitzer Prize. She won a Rocky Mountain Emmy Award in 2023 for a story about Willem de Kooning's stolen Woman-Ochre.

Willem de Kooning
Willem de Kooning (/də ˈkuːnɪŋ/ də KOO-ning, Dutch: [ˈʋɪləm də ˈkoːnɪŋ]; April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997) was a Dutch-American abstract expressionist artist. Born in Rotterdam, in the Netherlands, he moved to the United States in 1926, becoming a U.S. citizen in 1962. In 1943, he married painter Elaine Fried.

In the years after World War II, De Kooning painted in a style that came to be referred to as abstract expressionism or "action painting", and was part of a group of artists that came to be known as the New York School. Other painters in this group included Jackson Pollock, Elaine de Kooning, Lee Krasner, Franz Kline, Arshile Gorky, Mark Rothko, Hans Hofmann, John Ferren, Nell Blaine, Conrad Marca-Relli, James Brooks, Adolph Gottlieb, Jack Tworkov, Norman Lewis, Anne Ryan, Robert Motherwell, Philip Guston, Clyfford Still, and Richard Pousette-Dart. De Kooning's retrospective held at MoMA in 2011–2012 rendered him one of the best-known artists of the 20th century.
Topal Osman
Hacı Topal Osman Ağa (1883 – 2 April 1923), was a Turkish officer, a militia leader of the National Forces, a volunteer regiment commander of the Turkish army during the Turkish War of Independence who eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel, and was a perpetrator of the Armenian and Pontic genocides. Besides the Greeks and Armenians, he also terrorised the local Muslim population who opposed him.

He was the commander of Mustafa Kemal's special Bodyguard Regiment. He showed usefulness in the War of Independence, but in 1923, when it was decided that he was the instigator of Trabzon Deputy Ali Şükrü Bey's murder, he was detained. He was captured and injured during clashes with military police, but he was killed by İsmail Hakkı Tekçe.

Hajji
Hajji (Arabic: الحجّي; sometimes spelled Hajjeh, Hadji, Haji, Alhaji,  Al-HadjListenⓘ , Al-Haj or El-Hajj) is an honorific title which is given to a Muslim who is attending and performing the Hajj during the specific period to Mecca}}Hajj to Mecca.
Stygobromus wengerorum
Stygobromus wengerorum, commonly called Wenger's cave amphipod, is a troglomorphic species of amphipod in family Crangonyctidae. It is endemic to two caves in Mariposa County, California in the United States.

Crangonyctidae
Crangonyctidae is a family of cave-dwelling freshwater amphipod crustaceans. It contains the following genera:

Amurocrangonyx Sidorov & Holsinger, 2007

Bactrurus Hay, 1902

Crangonyx Bate, 1859

Lyurella Derzhavin, 1939

† Palaeogammarus Zaddach, 1864

Stygobromus Cope, 1872

Stygonyx Bousfield & Holsinger, 1989
Canton of Carquefou
The canton of Carquefou is an administrative division of the Loire-Atlantique department, western France. Its borders were not modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Carquefou.

It consists of the following communes:

Carquefou

Mauves-sur-Loire

Sainte-Luce-sur-Loire

Thouaré-sur-Loire

Sainte-Luce-sur-Loire
Sainte-Luce-sur-Loire (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t lys syʁ lwaʁ] ⓘ, literally Saint Lucy on Loire; Breton: Santez-Lusenn-ar-Liger) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. This commune is one of 24 communes that make up the intercommunality of Nantes Metropolis.
Rahsaan Bahati
Rahsaan Bahati (born February 13, 1982 in Lynwood, California) is an American racing cyclist who currently rides for his own cycling team, Bahati Foundation Elite Team. He previously raced for the SKLZ-Pista Palace cycling team.  Formerly, he rode for and managed the Bahati Foundation Pro Cycling team. He specializes in criterium racing and track cycling. In 2000 he won the amateur USCF National Criterium Championships and in 2008 he won the elite USPRO National Criterium Championships. It was reported that in 2010, Rahsaan will be the subject of a new television series entitled Bahati:Out of Compton that details his mentoring of six champion cyclists that share his inner-city Los Angeles roots.

Bahati attended Indiana University where he majored in computer animation and telecommunications.

Cycling team
A cycling team is a group of cyclists who join a team or are acquired and train together to compete in bicycle races whether amateur or professional – and the supporting personnel. Cycling teams are most important in road bicycle racing, which is a team sport, but collaboration between team members is also important in track cycling and cyclo-cross.
Aenocyon
Aenocyon (lit. 'dire dog') is an extinct genus of canines that lived between the Pleistocene and early Holocene epochs. The type species is the dire wolf (Aenocyon dirus). The other species, A. armbrusteri was originally classified as species of Canis genus, but more recent studies suggest that belongs to genus Aenocyon.

In 2021, Perri and colleagues suggested that Canis edwardii might belong to the same genus Aenocyon. However, this has not been widely accepted, with a 2024 study suggesting that C. edwardii would be a closer relative of the coyote as traditionally interpreted. C. nehringi is considered a likely member of the A. dirus lineage or its junior synonym.

Canis
Canis is a genus of the Caninae which includes multiple extant species, such as wolves, dogs, coyotes, and golden jackals. Species of this genus are distinguished by their moderate to large size, their massive, well-developed skulls and dentition, long legs, and comparatively short ears and tails.
1915 Bendigo by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Bendigo on 6 February 1915. This was triggered by the death of Labor MP and External Affairs Minister John Arthur.

The by-election was won by Labor candidate Alfred Hampson.

John Arthur (Australian politician)
John Andrew Arthur  (15 August 1875 – 9 December 1914) was an Australian lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and was first elected to federal parliament at the 1913 federal election, after a successful career at the Victorian Bar. After the 1914 election, he was appointed Minister for External Affairs in the Fisher government. He died of kidney disease three months later, aged 39.
Cora davidia
Cora davidia is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Bibiana Moncada, Leidy Vargas-Mendoza, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet davidia honours mycologist David Leslie Hawksworth, "in recognition of his nomenclatural work on Dictyonema." The lichen occurs above elevations of 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in the northern Andes of Colombia and Ecuador, where it grows as an epiphyte on the twigs of small trees and shrubs in somewhat shaded locales.

Hygrophoraceae
The Hygrophoraceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally conceived as containing white-spored, thick-gilled agarics (gilled mushrooms), including Hygrophorus and Hygrocybe species (the waxcaps or waxy caps), DNA evidence has extended the limits of the family, so it now contains not only agarics, but also basidiolichens and corticioid fungi. Species are thus diverse and are variously ectomycorrhizal, lichenized, associated with mosses, or saprotrophic. The family contains 34 genera and over 1000 species. None is of any great economic importance, though fruit bodies of some Hygrocybe and Hygrophorus species are considered edible and may be collected for sale in local markets.