hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quia propter
Quia propter (Latin: "Wherefore by…") was a document issued by the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215 on the subject of papal elections. It recognized three processes for unanimous agreement: "acclamation", "scrutiny" (balloting), and "compromissum" (compromise committee).

Acclamation was rare, and often driven more by crowd dynamics than discussion among the electors. Compromise committees were also rare, as they required unanimous agreement to be initiated (although, once formed, only two-thirds of the commission would be required). The requisite majority by balloting was considered a process for determining divine unanimity, that is, sanior et maior pars (Latin: sounder and greater part). The requirement of a two-thirds supermajority had been in place since the Third Lateran Council (1179), which followed the disputed election of Pope Alexander III.

Pope Alexander III
Pope Alexander III (c. 1100/1105 – 30 August 1181), born Roland (Italian: Rolando), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 September 1159 until his death in 1181.

A native of Siena, Alexander became pope after a contested election, but had to spend much of his pontificate outside Rome while several rivals, supported by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, claimed the papacy. Alexander rejected Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos' offer to end the East–West Schism, sanctioned the Northern Crusades, and held the Third Council of the Lateran.  He canonized Thomas Becket and Bernard of Clairvaux. The city of Alessandria in Piedmont is named after him.
Risan (surname)
Risan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hank Risan (born 1955), American business executive, scientist, and creator of digital media rights and security patents

Knut Risan (1930–2011), Norwegian actor

Leidulv Risan (born 1948), Norwegian screenwriter, film director and professor

Knut Risan
Knut Risan (19 February 1930 – 1 February 2011) was a Norwegian actor.

He was born in Trondheim, and made his stage debut at Nationaltheatret in 1956. He was employed here until 1998, and had guest appearances at the Norwegian National Opera, Den Nationale Scene and Riksteatret. He is remembered for his roles in Reisen til julestjernen and for the voiceover in Tři oříšky pro Popelku, shown every Christmas in Norway.

He was a prolific voice actor, and did many Norwegian dubs of Disney films. He voiced Mr. Snoops in the dub of The Rescuers, Happy in the 1994 dub of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film), the title character in the dub of Robin Hood (1973 film), Basil of Baker Street in the dub of The Great Mouse Detective, King Triton in the dub of The Little Mermaid (1989 film) and Tod in the dub of The Fox and the Hound.

He was married to Astrid Folstad.
Slivje, Krško
Slivje (pronounced [ˈsliːu̯jɛ]) is a small settlement on the right bank of the Krka River southwest of Podbočje in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Krka (Sava)
The Krka (pronounced [ˈkə̀ɾka]; German: Gurk, German pronunciation: [ɡʊʁk] ⓘ; Latin: Corcoras) is a river in southeastern Slovenia (the traditional region of Lower Carniola), a right tributary of the Sava. With a length of 94.6 km (58.8 mi), it is the second-longest river flowing in its entirety in Slovenia, following the Savinja.
SymmetricDS
SymmetricDS is open source software for database and file synchronization with Multi-master replication, filtered synchronization, and transformation capabilities.  It is designed to scale for a large number of nodes, work across low-bandwidth connections, and withstand periods of network outage.  Data synchronization occurs asynchronously from a scheduled job, with data changes being sent over a push or pull operation.  It uses standard web protocols (HTTP) and database technologies (JDBC) in order to support a wide range of platforms and maximize its interoperability.  It includes support for Oracle, MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, Greenplum, SQL Server, SQL Server Azure, HSQLDB, H2, Derby, DB2, Firebird, Informix, Interbase, SQLite, Sybase ASE, Sybase ASA, MongoDB, Amazon_Redshift, and VoltDB databases.

Apache Derby
Apache Derby (previously distributed as IBM Cloudscape) is a (retired) relational database management system (RDBMS) developed by the Apache Software Foundation that can be embedded in Java programs and used for online transaction processing. It has a 3.5 MB disk-space footprint.

Apache Derby is developed as an open source project under the Apache 2.0 license. For a time, Oracle distributed the same binaries under the name Java DB. In June 2015 they announced that for JDK 9 they would no longer be doing so. In October 2025 Derby developers voted to retire the project and stop supporting it.
Beaver Creek settlement (Ohio)
The Beaver Creek settlement (Lorain County, Ohio), or "Beaver Creek colony", was established in the year 1811, when a group of families from the area of Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania(USA), relocated to central northern Ohio (to an area which at that time was within "Huron County" Ohio, but which later became a part of Lorain County, Ohio). These families (perhaps organized and headed by Jacob Shupe) established a small community (or "settlement") in the northernmost vicinity of  Beaver Creek where they also built a grist-mill and a saw-mill. A few decades later, many German immigrants arrived to the same area (mostly situated within the western portion of the present city-limits of Lorain, Ohio), and also built a German Church northerly of the mills  During the 20th-century, this  Beaver Creek Settlement area was entirely absorbed into the City of Lorain and also partly within the village of Amherst, Ohio.

Lorain, Ohio
Lorain (/lɔːˈreɪn/) is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. It is located in Northeast Ohio on Lake Erie at the mouth of the Black River, about 25 miles (40 km) west of Cleveland. With a population of 65,211 at the 2020 census, Lorain is the ninth-most populous city in Ohio, the most populous in Lorain County and the third-most populous in Greater Cleveland.
Lexington and Big Sandy Railroad
The Lexington and Big Sandy Railroad (L&BS) was a standard-gauge railroad chartered in 1852 to connect Lexington with the Big Sandy River near Catlettsburg (later revised to Ashland).

Before the Panic of 1857 halted further work, the company opened roughly 10 to 12 miles (16 to 19 km) west from Ashland to Princess/Coalton, including the 975 feet (297 m) Princess Tunnel. Financial reversals left the project incomplete. In 1869, investors organized the Elizabethtown, Lexington and Big Sandy Railroad (EL&BS) as successor to the L&BS and began completing the central gap toward Lexington.

By 1881, the through route via Mt. Sterling, Morehead, and Olive Hill reached Ashland; EL&BS was the first railroad through Rowan County and was completed there in 1881. Between 1880 and 1892, the C&O leased and then purchased the EL&BS, operating it thereafter as the Lexington Subdivision.

Morehead, Kentucky
Morehead is a home rule-class city located along US 60 (the historic Midland Trail) and Interstate 64 in Rowan County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of its county. The population was 7,151 at the time of the 2020 U.S. census.

It was the focal point of the Rowan County War and is the home of Morehead State University.
Pittsburgh Lyceum
The Pittsburgh Lyceum Club, or Pittsburgh Lyceum, was a professional ice hockey team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was a member of the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League from 1907 to 1908 and played all of its games at Duquesne Garden.

Tommy Smith (ice hockey)
Thomas Joseph Smith (September 27, 1885 – August 1, 1966) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward, who played from 1905 until 1920 for 16 teams in his career. He was a member of two Stanley Cup-winning teams, the Ottawa Silver Seven of 1906 and the Quebec Bulldogs of 1913. His two older brothers, Alf and Harry Smith, also played professional ice hockey.
Urogenital hiatus
The urogenital hiatus is a large midline opening in the anteromedial part of the pelvic floor (more precisely, the pubococcygeal muscle), extending between the pubis (anteriorly), and rectum (posteriorly). Each levator ani muscle forms either lateral border of the hiatus.

The hiatus acccomodates the apex of the prostate in males, and gives passage to the urethra in both sexes, the vagina in females, the deep dorsal vein of clitoris (females) or penis (males), and nerves of the penis in males.

Dorsal veins of the penis
In human male anatomy, the dorsal veins of the penis are blood vessels that drain the shaft (corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum), the skin and the glans of the human penis. They are typically located in the midline on the dorsal aspect of the penis and they comprise the superficial dorsal vein of the penis, that lies in the subcutaneous tissue of the shaft, and the deep dorsal vein of the penis, that lies beneath the deep fascia.
Rod Scott
Roderick 'Rod' Hampton Scott (born November 9, 1958) is an American politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives, serving from  2006 to 2022, representing the 55th House District, that includes Fairfield, Elyton, and Birmingham. As a member of the Democratic party, he was the ranking minority member of the Education Policy Committee, Fiscal Responsibility Committee, and Ways and Means Education Committee of the Alabama State Legislature.

He holds a B.A. in Economics from Yale University and an MBA from the Amos Tuck School of Business Administration at Dartmouth College. He has been a professor at Miles College, and is a member of Phi Beta Sigma fraternity.

In 2022, Scott was defeated in the Democratic primary for the 55th district, losing to Fred Plump, who succeeded him as representative.

After leaving the legislature, he was appointed Gadsden director of planning.

Gadsden, Alabama
Gadsden is a city in and the county seat of Etowah County in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is located on the Coosa River about 56 miles (90 km) northeast of Birmingham 90 miles (140 km) southwest of Chattanooga, Tennessee. 72 Miles (117Km) Southeast of Huntsville It is the primary city of the Gadsden Metropolitan Statistical Area, which has a population of 103,931. The population was 33,945 at the 2020 census.

In the 19th century, Gadsden was Alabama's second-most important center of commerce and industry, trailing only the seaport of Mobile. The two cities were important shipping centers: Gadsden for riverboats and Mobile for international trade.

From the late 19th century through the 1980s, Gadsden was a center of heavy industry, including the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company and Republic Steel.  In 1991, following more than a decade of sharp decline in industry, Gadsden was awarded the honor of All-America City by the National Civic League.
Gunour
Gunour is a town and tehsil located in the Panna district, within the Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It's one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
Nico H.J. van den Boogaard
Nicolaas ("Nico") Hendricus Johannes van den Boogaard (28 October 1938, Amsterdam – 25 December 1982, Heemstede) was a medievalist scholar, professor, and dean of the Faculty of Letters at the University of Amsterdam.

Heemstede
Heemstede (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦeːmsteːdə] ⓘ) is a town and a municipality in the Western Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. In 2021, it had a population of 27,545. Located just south of the city of Haarlem on the border with South Holland, it is one of the richest municipalities of the Netherlands.
Feenixpawl
Feenixpawl is an Australian house music duo composed of Aden Forté and Josh Soon, formed in 2003. Their fifth single, "In My Mind", peaked at No. 29 on the ARIA Singles Chart, it also spent 11 weeks at No. 1 on the component chart, ARIA Club Tracks, and in 2013 was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical. In April 2015, Feenixpawl launched Eclypse Records in conjunction with Wind-Up Records. The first release from the label, Feenixpawl's "Ghosts" (featuring Melissa Ramsay), reached number 16 on the Billboard Dance Charts. In 2019, their Trance collaboration with MaRLo, "Lighter than Air", the duo's first endeavour in the trance genre, won the ASOT Tune of the Year.

Ali Payami
Ali Payami is a Swedish record producer, songwriter, and DJ.

Payami's first number one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 was The Weeknd's single "Can't Feel My Face". In 2016, he won a Grammy for Album of the Year for his contributions on Taylor Swift's album 1989. He has also worked with other musicians such as Demi Lovato, Ariana Grande, Ellie Goulding and Katy Perry.
Matteo Mancuso
Matteo Mancuso (born 22 November 1996) is an Italian guitarist and composer from Palermo, Sicily. Mancuso is known for adapting a quasi-flamenco/classical right-hand technique to the electric guitar and improvised solos without the use of a pick. Steve Vai, Al Di Meola, Joe Bonamassa, Jason Becker, and others have publicly praised him, with Vai calling him "the future" of electric guitar.

In 2023 he released his first studio album, The Journey.

Premiata Forneria Marconi
Premiata Forneria Marconi (PFM; transl. 'Award-winning Marconi Bakery') is an Italian progressive rock band founded in 1970 which continues to the present day. They were the first Italian rock band to have success internationally. The group recorded five albums with English lyrics between 1973 and 1977. During this period they entered both the British and American charts. They also had several successful European and American tours, playing at the popular Reading Festival in England and on The Midnight Special, a popular national television program in the United States.

PFM introduced new sounds, such as the synthesizer, to the Italian musical world.  They were also among the first to combine symphonic classical and traditional Italian musical influences in a rock music context. Such innovations and their longevity have earned PFM a place among the most important bands in the Progressive rock genre.
Anthology of Modern Serbian Lyric
Anthology of Modern Serbian Lyric (Serbo-Croatian: Antologija novije srpske lirike/Антологија новије српске лирике) is an anthology published in 1911 by Matica hrvatska in Zagreb, Austria-Hungary (modern day Croatia). The foreword for this book was written by Bogdan Popović. It was the first attempt to create a literary canon of the most significant poems down the ages. The book contains poems by authors including Jovan Jovanović Zmaj, Laza Kostić, Petar I Petrović-Njegoš, Vojislav Ilić, Jovan Grčić Milenko, Aleksa Šantić, Jovan Dučić, Milan Rakić, Sima Pandurović and Veljko Petrović. The book has undergone several editions, including translations into Slovene in 1965. In 2011, Srpska književna zadruga, a member of the Board for Standardization of the Serbian Language, published the 100th anniversary edition.

Aleksa Šantić
Aleksa Šantić (Serbian Cyrillic: Алекса Шантић, pronounced [ǎleksa ʃǎ:ntitɕ] (listenⓘ); 27 May 1868 – 2 February 1924) was a Bosnian Serb poet and writer from Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Šantić wrote about the urban culture of his hometown Mostar and Herzegovina, the growing national awareness of Bosnian Serbs, social injustice, nostalgic love, and the unity of the South Slavs. He was the editor-in-chief of the magazine Zora (1896–1901). Šantić was one of the leading persons of Serbian literary and national movement in Mostar. In 1914 Šantić became a member of the Serbian Royal Academy.
Frida Rosell
Frida Rosell (born 6 May 1999) is a Swedish handball player for ESBF Besançon and the Swedish national team.

She made her debut on the Swedish national team on 1 October 2020, against Poland.

On 20 January 2023, it was announced that she had signed a two-year contract with ESBF Besançon in France.

Sweden women's national handball team
The Sweden women's national handball team (Swedish: Sveriges damlandslag i handboll) is the national team of Sweden. It is governed by the Swedish Handball Federation (Swedish: Svenska Handbollförbundet) and takes part in international handball competitions.
La Ronde (2011 film)
La Ronde is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Sophie Goyette and released in 2011. The film stars Éliane Préfontaine and Hubert Lemire as Ariane and Alexandre, twin siblings who are experiencing very different reactions to their father's impending death: Alexandre feels the need to stay close to their father, while Ariane feels the need to leave.

The film premiered at the Locarno Film Festival on August 6, 2011, and had its Canadian premiere at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival.

The film was named to TIFF's year-end Canada's Top Ten list for 2011, and was a Genie Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 32nd Genie Awards.

Goyette's feature film debut, Still Night, Still Light (Mes nuits feront écho), starred Préfontaine in a thematically similar story about a different character.

32nd Genie Awards
The 32nd Genie Awards ceremony was held on March 8, 2012 to honour films released in 2011. Nominations were announced on January 17, 2012.

The ceremony was originally scheduled to be hosted by Andrea Martin and George Stroumboulopoulos, but Martin was forced to cancel at the last minute due to a rescheduled acting commitment. Stroumboulopoulos consequently hosted the ceremony alone, although he and Martin pretaped an introductory comedy segment in which they scrambled to find a replacement for Martin, including cameos by Martin Short, Chris Hyndman and Steven Sabados.

This was the last Genie Awards ceremony to be held before the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television announced the merger of the Genies with the Gemini Awards into the contemporary Canadian Screen Awards.
Josh (TV series)
Josh is a British sitcom television series about three young adults who share a flat near Holloway Road in north London. The series was created by and starred comedian and namesake Josh Widdicombe. A pilot episode aired in 2014 as part of the BBC "Comedy Feeds", and a full six-episode series aired from 11 November to 16 December 2015 on BBC Three. A second series of Josh was released from 22 September 2016 on Three's then online-only channel. The day that the final episode of series two aired on BBC One, the BBC announced it had commissioned a third series, which was released on 2 October 2017.

Holloway Road
Holloway Road is a road in London, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) in length. It is one of the main shopping streets in North London, and carries the A1 road as it passes through Holloway, in the London Borough of Islington. The road starts in Archway, near Archway Underground station, then heads south-east, past Upper Holloway railway station, Whittington Park, past the North London campus of London Metropolitan University near Nag's Head, past Holloway Road Underground station, and the main campus of the university, and then becomes Highbury Corner, near Highbury & Islington station.
Girl Walks into a Bar
Girl Walks into a Bar is a 2011 multiple story line ensemble comedy film produced exclusively for Internet distribution. It was written and directed by Sebastián Gutiérrez, like the anthology style of Gutiérrez's Women in Trouble, and follows a group of apparent strangers in interlocking stories taking place in ten different bars during the course of one evening throughout Los Angeles.

Girl Walks into a Bar premiered at The ArcLight Hollywood Cinemas on March 7, 2011, in Los Angeles and screened as an official selection of the Spotlight Premieres section at the South by Southwest Film Conference and Festival 2011 in Austin. The film is currently available in the United States to watch for free exclusively on YouTube with sponsorship from Lexus.

Carla Gugino
Carla Gugino (/ɡʊˈdʒiːnoʊ/ guu-JEE-noh; born August 29, 1971) is an American actress. After early roles in the films Troop Beverly Hills (1989), This Boy's Life (1993), Son in Law (1993), and Snake Eyes (1998), Gugino received wider recognition for her starring roles in the Spy Kids trilogy (2001–2003), Sin City (2005), Night at the Museum (2006), American Gangster (2007), Righteous Kill (2008), Race to Witch Mountain (2009), Sally Jupiter in Watchmen (2009), Sucker Punch (2011), Mr. Popper's Penguins (2011), San Andreas (2015), Gerald's Game (2017), Gunpowder Milkshake (2021), and Lisa Frankenstein (2024).

Gugino also starred in the crime drama series Karen Sisco (2003), the science fiction series Threshold (2005–2006), the crime drama series Jett (2019), and the supernatural horror miniseries The Haunting of Hill House (2018), The Haunting of Bly Manor (2020), and The Fall of the House of Usher (2023).
Asteromyia gutierreziae
Asteromyia gutierreziae is a species of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae.

They are black, about 3-5mm long and found on upper leaves, lower leaves and the stem.

They can cause galls, on such plants as Medranoa palmeri (Texas Desert Goldenrod), Baccharis angustifolia, Baccharis sarothroides, Gutierrezia californica, Gutierrezia microcephala, Gutierrezia sarothrae and Gymnosperma glutinosum.

Gymnosperma
Gymnosperma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The only known species is Gymnosperma glutinosum, also known as gumhead, which is native to Mexico, Guatemala, and the southwestern United States (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas).
Aftertones of Infinity
Aftertones of Infinity is a symphonic poem written by the American composer Joseph Schwantner.  The work was commissioned by the American Composers Orchestra and completed in 1978.  It was first performed by the American Composers Orchestra conducted by Lukas Foss in Alice Tully Hall, New York City, on January 29, 1979.  The piece was later awarded the 1979 Pulitzer Prize for Music.

American Composers Orchestra
The American Composers Orchestra (ACO) is an American orchestra administratively based in New York City, specialising in contemporary American music.  The ACO gives concerts at various concert venues in New York City, including:

Zankel Hall at Carnegie Hall

The DiMenna Center

The Mannes School of Music

Winter Garden at Brookfield Place

Miller Theatre at Columbia University
Krishnapur railway station
Krishnapur is a railway station of the Sealdah-Lalgola line in the Eastern Railway of Indian Railways. The station is situated at Krishnapur or Kestopur near Lalgola in Murshidabad district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Total 12 trains including Lalgola Passengers and few EMU trains halt in the station.

Eastern Railway zone
22°34′21.8″N 88°21′50.2″E﻿ / ﻿22.572722°N 88.363944°E﻿ / 22.572722; 88.363944

The Eastern Railway (abbreviated ER) is among the 19 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place (Kolkata) and comprises four divisions: Howrah, Malda, Sealdah, and Asansol. Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). The name of the division denotes the name of the city where the divisional headquarters is located. Eastern Railway oversees the largest and second largest rail complexes in the country, Howrah Junction and Sealdah railway station, and also contains the highest number of A1 and A Category Stations like Howrah, Malda Town,
Sealdah, Asansol, Kolkata, Durgapur, Barddhaman, Jasidih, Madhupur, Rampurhat Junction, Bhagalpur, Jamalpur, Bandel and Naihati. Eastern Railways operates India's oldest train, Kalka Mail.