hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gerry Clark
Gerald Stanley Clark MBE (9 May 1927 – June 1999) was a New Zealand sailor, writer and ornithologist. He is notable for his ornithological research work on subantarctic islands and for his circumnavigation of Antarctica in his self-built yacht Totorore.

Circumnavigation
Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body (e.g. a planet or moon). This article focuses on the circumnavigation of Earth.

The first circumnavigation of the Earth was the Magellan Expedition, which sailed from Sanlucar de Barrameda, Spain in 1519 and returned in 1522, after crossing the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. Since the rise of commercial aviation in the mid 20th century, circumnavigating Earth is straightforward, usually taking days instead of years. Today, the challenge of circumnavigating Earth has shifted towards human and technological endurance, speed, and less conventional methods.
Gene Cichowski
Eugene Walter "Chick" Cichowski (May 20, 1934 – March 24, 2025) was an American professional football cornerback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Washington Redskins.  He played quarterback at Indiana University and was drafted in the 21st round of the 1957 NFL draft. He also played semi-pro football in the American Football Association (AFA) and in the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was inducted into the AFA Hall of Fame in 2009. He coached at New Trier High School in Illinois for 20 years with an overall record of 145–47–1. Cichowski was later inducted into the Illinois Football Coaches Association Hall of Fame. He coached Clay Matthews Jr. in his senior season at New Trier. He later worked in scouting for the Baltimore Ravens and New York Jets. Cichowski died on March 24, 2025, at the age of 90.

1957 NFL draft
The 1957 NFL draft had its first four rounds held on November 26, 1956, at the Warwick Hotel in Philadelphia, and its final twenty-six rounds on January 31, 1957, at the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel, also in Philadelphia.

This was the 11th year that the first overall pick was a bonus pick determined by lottery. With the previous ten winners ineligible for the draw, only the Chicago Cardinals and the Green Bay Packers had an equal chance of winning. The draft lottery was won by Green Bay, who selected halfback Paul Hornung.
Joseph Smith (Presbyterian minister, born 1796)
Joseph Smith (July 15, 1796–?) was a Presbyterian minister, author, and academic.

The son of Rev. Joseph Smith and grandson of Joseph Smith, the frontier missionary, he graduated from Jefferson College (now Washington & Jefferson College) in 1815 and attended Princeton Theological Seminary from 1817 to 1818. He was licensed to preach in 1819 and worked as a missionary in Virginia from 1818 to 1822. He was President of Franklin College in New Athens, Ohio from 1837 to 1838. Smith died in Greensburg, Pennsylvania.

Washington & Jefferson College
Washington & Jefferson College (W&J College or W&J) is a private liberal arts college in Washington, Pennsylvania, United States. It traces its origin to three Presbyterian missionaries of the 1780s, John McMillan, Thaddeus Dod, and Joseph Smith, whose early schools evolved into two rival institutions: Washington College in Washington, and Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The two colleges merged in 1865 to form Washington & Jefferson College.

The 60-acre (24 ha) Washington & Jefferson College campus has more than 40 buildings, with the oldest dating to 1793. The college enrolled over 1,100 students as of fall 2022. It has a longstanding tradition of literary societies, dating back before the union of the two colleges. Nearly all of the college's students live on campus, and roughly one-third are members of fraternities or sororities. The W&J athletic program competes in NCAA Division III.
John Sharpe (courtier)
Sir John Sharpe (died 1518) of Coggeshall in Essex was a courtier (gentleman usher) to King Henry VII (1485–1509). He was present at the king's death-bed as is evident from a drawing of the event by Sir Thomas Wriothesley (died 1534), Garter King of Arms.

Coggeshall
Coggeshall (/ˈkɒksəl/ or /ˈkɒɡɪʃəl/) is a village and civil parish in the Braintree district of Essex, England. It lies between Braintree and Colchester on the Roman road of Stane Street and the River Blackwater. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 4,660 and the built up area had a population of 3,810.

It has almost 300 listed buildings and a market whose charter was granted in 1256 by King Henry III.
Robby Reed
Robby Reed is a fictional character from DC Comics and the original protagonist of the long running comic book series Dial H for Hero. In the series, he is portrayed as a normal boy who transforms himself as a variety of superheroes.

52 (comics)
52 is a weekly American comic book limited series published by DC Comics that debuted on May 10, 2006, one week after the conclusion of the Infinite Crisis miniseries. The series was written by Geoff Johns, Grant Morrison, Greg Rucka, and Mark Waid, with layouts by Keith Giffen. 52 also led into a few limited series spin-offs.

52 consists of 52 issues, published weekly for one year, each issue detailing an actual week chronicling the events that took place during the missing year after the end of Infinite Crisis. The series covers much of the DC Universe, and several characters whose disparate stories interconnect. The story is directly followed by the weekly limited series Countdown to Final Crisis. It was the first weekly series published by DC Comics since the short-lived anthology Action Comics Weekly from 1988 to 1989.
Dvorska (Brno)
Dvorska (German: Maxdorf) is a municipal part and cadastral territory on the southeastern edge of the city of Brno, Czech Republic. It covers an area of 2.23 km². Originally a municipality, it was annexed into Brno in 1971, and since 24 November 1990 it has been part of the city district of Brno-Tuřany. It has about 400 inhabitants. It is subdivided into only one basic settlement unit of the same name.

Kobylnice (Brno-Country District)
Kobylnice is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,300 inhabitants.

Kobylnice lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) south-east of Brno and 198 km (123 mi) south-east of Prague.
Metsla, Viljandi County
Metsla (locally, Mõtsla) is a village in Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County, Estonia. Until the 2017 administrative reform of Estonian municipalities the village was located in Tarvastu Parish. Metsla is located 16 km (9.9 miles) southeast of the town of Viljandi, 7 km (4 miles) northwest of the small borough of Mustla. Neighboring villages include, Vilimeeste, Raassilla and Ülensi. As of 2011, the population of Metsla was 38, a decrease from 55 in the 2000 census.

Metsla is the birthplace of Estonian poet and linguist Mihkel Veske (1843-1890).

Viljandi Parish
Viljandi Parish (Estonian: Viljandi vald) is a rural municipality of Viljandi County, Estonia. It is located around the town of Viljandi, but does not include it.

Viljandi Parish was established by merging four municipalities: Paistu, Pärsti, Saarepeedi and Viiratsi parishes. This took place after the municipal elections held on 20 October 2013.

Between 1939 and 1950, Viljandi Parish existed with different borders.
Kolonjë (placename)
Kolonjë is an Albanian placename referring to the present or former presence of Romance language speakers. It derives from the Latin colonia and is related to the Roman period of the area.

Entities with this name include:

Kolonjë, a municipality and former district in Korçë County, southeastern Albania

Kolonjë, Gjirokastër, a village in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania

Kolonjë, Fier, a town and former municipality in Fier County, western Albania

Kolonjë, Gjirokastër
Kolonjë is a small village in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania, located northwest of the city Gjirokastër which is about 30 minutes away. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Gjirokastër. The village is inhabited by Bektashi Albanians. The village has a festival every year on 10 May called Dhjet Maj (English: The 10 May), when everyone who has left the village returns to celebrate with the villagers. It is also attended by people from other villages.
1852 in birding and ornithology
Death of Charles Thorold Wood

Death of  William Thompson

Death of Louis François Auguste Souleyet

Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach, describes the eastern moa in  Avium systema naturale

Paul Gervais describes the Eocene bird genus Ludiortyx

Sulawesi pygmy woodpecker described by  Alfred Malherbe

Death of Grigori Ivanovitch Langsdorff

August Carl Eduard Baldamus, Christian Ludwig Brehm, Johann Wilhelm von Müller  and Johann Friedrich Naumann  publish Verzeichnis der Vögel Europa's. als Tausch-Catalog eingerichtet in Stuttgart. In this year also Müller began work on the illustrated book Beiträge zur Ornithologie Afrikas (1853–1870),

Ongoing events

John Gould The birds of Australia; Supplement 1851–69. 1 vol. 81 plates; Artists: J. Gould and H. C. Richter; Lithographer: H. C. Richter

John Gould The birds of Asia; 1850-83 7 vols. 530 plates, Artists: J. Gould, H. C. Richter, W. Hart and J. Wolf; Lithographers:H. C. Richter and W. Hart

Louis François Auguste Souleyet
Louis François Auguste Souleyet (8 January 1811 – 7 October 1852) was a French zoologist, malacologist and naval surgeon.

Souleyet was naturalist-surgeon on the voyage of La Bonite, which circumnavigated the globe between February 1836 and November 1837 under Auguste Nicolas Vaillant (1793–1858). In the Pacific he studied marine molluscs. After the death of Joseph Fortuné Théodore Eydoux (1802–1841), Souleyet completed the zoological section of the voyage's official report in 1852.

Souleyet died of yellow fever in Martinique in 1852.

He named a number of marine molluscs and fish, but most of his new taxa were validated two years earlier by John Edward Gray, who Latinized all vernacular names published earlier in an undated (1842 ?) atlas by Eydoux & Souleyet. He is himself commemorated in the scientific name of the streak-headed woodcreeper, Lepidocolaptes souleyetii, named for him by DesMurs and in the Heteropod Protatlanta souleyeti by Edgar A. Smith in 1888.
Rolls-Royce Tyne
The Rolls-Royce RB.109 Tyne is a twin-shaft turboprop engine developed in the mid to late 1950s by Rolls-Royce Limited to a requirement for the Vickers Vanguard airliner. It was first test flown during 1956 in the nose of a modified Avro Lincoln. Following company naming convention for gas turbine engines this turboprop design was named after the River Tyne.

Turboprop
A turboprop is a gas-turbine engine that drives an aircraft propeller.

A turboprop consists of an intake, reduction gearbox, compressor, combustor, turbine, and a propelling nozzle. Air enters the intake and is compressed by the compressor. Jet fuel is then added to the compressed air in the combustor, where the fuel-air mixture then combusts. The hot combustion gases expand through the turbine stages, generating power at the point of exhaust. Some of the power generated by the turbine is used to drive the compressor and electric generator. The gases are then exhausted from the turbine. In contrast to a turbojet or turbofan, the engine's exhaust gases do not provide enough power to create a major portion of the total thrust, since almost all of the engine's power is used to drive the propeller.
Some Folks Call It a Sling Blade
Some Folks Call It a Sling Blade is a 1994 short film written by Billy Bob Thornton, directed by George Hickenlooper and starring Thornton, Molly Ringwald, and J.T. Walsh.

It was adapted into the 1996 feature film Sling Blade, also starring Thornton, which won Thornton the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, as well as a nomination for Best Actor in a Leading Role.

J. T. Walsh
James Thomas Patrick Walsh (September 28, 1943 – February 27, 1998) was an American character actor. He starred in many films of the 1980s and 1990s, which include Tin Men (1987), Good Morning, Vietnam (1987), A Few Good Men (1992), Hoffa (1992), Nixon (1995), Sling Blade (1996), Breakdown (1997) and Pleasantville (1998).
Repetition (Information Society song)
"Repetition" is a ballad by the electronic band Information Society, released in 1989 as the third single from the band's self-titled album, Information Society. Unlike the band's two prior singles, which reached the Top 10 on the Billboard Hot 100, "Repetition" only peaked at No. 76.

The music video, shot in black and white, shows the band amidst building ruins and old objects, which visually complements the melancholic lyrics

Information Society (album)
Information Society is the debut studio album by American synth-pop band Information Society, released on June 21, 1988, by Tommy Boy Records and Reprise Records. It was the band's first release under a major label, after two independently released extended plays. The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on December 6, 1988, denoting shipments in excess of 500,000 copies in the United States. Four singles were released from the album, including "What's on Your Mind (Pure Energy)", the group's most commercially successful single to date. It was one of the few albums released in the CD+G format.
The Eye of the Sibyl
"The Eye of the Sibyl" is a science fiction short story by American writer Philip K. Dick. It was written sometime around 1975, but not published until 1987 when it was included in volume 5 (subtitled "The Little Black Box") of The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick, and has been reprinted since in other editions of this book such as the U.S. edition The Eye of the Sibyl and Other Stories .

This is said to have been Dick's first piece of fiction for publication after his "2-3-74" experience that was the basis for his Exegesis, and later the novels VALIS, the posthumously published precursor to VALIS, Radio Free Albemuth, and The Divine Invasion. Eventually rejected by the venue for which it was written, the major points of Dick's 1975 worldview are set forth, in a style reminiscent of his earlier work, and very similar to his treatment of this material in his later books.

Valis (novel)
Valis (stylized as VALIS) is a 1981 science fiction novel by American writer Philip K. Dick, intended to be the first book of a three-part series. The title is an acronym for Vast Active Living Intelligence System, Dick's gnostic vision of God. Set in California during the 1970s, the book features heavy auto-biographical elements and draws inspiration from Dick's own investigations into his unexplained religious experiences over the previous decade.

It is the first book in the incomplete VALIS trilogy of novels, followed by The Divine Invasion (1981). The planned third novel, The Owl in Daylight, had not yet taken definite shape at the time of the author's death. Dick's final novel, The Transmigration of Timothy Archer (1982), builds on similar themes; Dick wrote: "the three do form a trilogy constellating around a basic theme."
Fontinettes boat lift
The Fontinettes boat lift (French: Ascenseur des Fontinettes or Ascenseur à bateaux des Fontinettes) was built in 1888 on the Canal de Neufossé and connected the river Aa and the Neuffossé Canal in Arques, near Saint-Omer in the Pas-de-Calais.

Aa (France)
The Aa (French pronunciation: [a]; Picard: Abbe) is a river in northern France that is 93 km (58 miles) long. Originating near the village of Bourthes and emptying into the North Sea near Gravelines, the Aa is located near the north-eastern limit of the English Channel. The Aa has been canalized for most of its length and forms much of the border between the regions of Pas-de-Calais and Nord.
Mackellar Islands
The Mackellar Islands, also MacKellar Islets, are a group of about 30 small islands and rocks lying 3 kilometres (1.5 nmi) north of Cape Denison in the center of Commonwealth Bay, George V Land, Antarctica. They were discovered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911–14) under Douglas Mawson, who named them for C.D. Mackellar of London, a patron of the expedition. The largest is Greater Mackellar Island.

George V Land
68°30′00″S 148°00′00″E﻿ / ﻿68.5000°S 148.0000°E﻿ / -68.5000; 148.0000

George V Land is a segment of Antarctica part of the land claimed as part of the Australian Antarctic Territory, inland from the George V Coast. As with other segments of Antarctica, it is defined by two lines of longitude, 142°02' E and 153°45' E, and by the 60°S parallel.

This region was first explored by members of the Main Base party of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911–14) under Douglas Mawson, who named this feature for King George V of Australia.
Fulvifomes robiniae
Fulvifomes robiniae, commonly called the cracked cap polypore, is a fungus of the family of Hymenochaetaceae. The fungus primarily infests black locusts, aided by openings caused by Megacyllene robiniae infestation, but also grows on various other trees such as Carya, oak, and Acacia. Cracked cap polypore is sympatric with most of its hosts. It has a brown spore print, leaving brown streaks on the tree below the fungus.

The species was formerly considered part of the genus Phellinus, but was moved to the genus Fulvifomes when that genus was resurrected based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence.

Robinia pseudoacacia
Robinia pseudoacacia, commonly known as black locust, is a medium-sized hardwood deciduous tree, belonging to the tribe Robinieae of the legume family. Another common name is false acacia, a literal translation of the specific name (pseudo [Greek ψευδο-] meaning fake or false and acacia referring to the genus of plants with the same name).

Although fossilized traces of the genus were found in Europe, the species itself is native to a few small areas of the United States, but has been widely planted and naturalized elsewhere, including temperate North America, Eurasia, and Africa. It is considered an invasive species in some regions.
Henry L. Pierce
Henry Lillie Pierce (August 23, 1825 – December 17, 1896) was a United States representative from Massachusetts. He was born in Stoughton. He attended the State normal school at Bridgewater, and was engaged in manufacturing. He served as mayor of Boston and as a Republican in the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses of the United States. He declined to be a candidate for renomination, was elected again as mayor of Boston in 1877, and died in that city on December 17, 1896. His interment was in Dorchester South Burying Ground.

44th United States Congress
The 44th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1875, to March 4, 1877, during the seventh and eighth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency.  The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census. For the first time  since the American Civil War, the House had a Democratic majority. The Senate maintained a Republican majority.
Kazantsev
Kazantsev (Russian: Казанцев; masculine) or Kazantseva (Казанцева; feminine) is a Russian surname.  It is shared by the following people:

Alexander Kazantsev, Soviet sci-fi writer

Artyom Kazantsev (1988—2022), perpetrator of the Izhevsk school shooting

Kira Kazantsev (born 1991), American beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss America 2015

Viktor Kazantsev, Hero of the Russian Federation

Vladimir Kazantsev (athlete)

Vladimir Kazantsev (canoeist)

Miss America 2015
Miss America 2015 was the 88th Miss America pageant, held at the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey, on September 14, 2014.

Nina Davuluri of New York crowned Kira Kazantsev of New York as her successor at the end of the event, making it the third consecutive year that a Miss New York won the Miss America crown; New York thus became the first state to have a Miss America winner three years in a row.
BOUML
BOUML is a Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagram designer. Programmed in C++ and Qt, it is multilingual, and supports code generation and code reverse engineering. The releases prior to version 4.23 are free software licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL). BOUML 5 up to 6.12 is proprietary software. BOUML 7 and later is free software.

Qt (software)
Qt (/ˈkjuːt/ pronounced "cute") is a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed.

Qt is currently being developed by The Qt Company, a publicly listed company, and the Qt Project under open-source governance, involving individual developers and organizations working to advance Qt. Qt is available under both commercial licenses and open-source GPL 2.0, GPL 3.0, and LGPL 3.0 licenses.
Argyria (Pontus)
Argyria (Ancient Greek: Ἀργυρία) or Argyra (Ἀργυρά) was a town of ancient Pontus, located 20 stadia east of Tripolis. It was noted for its silver mines, whence the town's name (άργυρος is Greek for 'silver').

Its site is located near Halkavala in Asiatic Turkey.

Stadion (unit)
The stadion (plural stadia, Ancient Greek: στάδιον; latinized as stadium; also anglicized as stade), was an ancient Greek unit of length, consisting of 600 ancient Greek feet (podes). There are a range of varieties or understandings of what a stadion was and is; these have been calculated by various historians, and those calculations have varied dramatically (as did perhaps the use and meaning of the term stadion over time in ancient Greece). Thus, the exact length of one stadion is not universally agreed upon today: historians estimate it at between 150 and 210 m (490 and 690 ft), with perhaps something of a convergence around the 185 metres (607 ft) length of an Attic stade.
Amelia Collins
Amelia Engelder Collins (June 7, 1873 – January 1, 1962) was a prominent American Baháʼí from a Lutheran family. She became Baháʼí in 1919. She made large donations to several Baháʼí projects in Haifa, Israel, such as to the building of the Western Pilgrim House, the superstructure of the Shrine of the Báb the International Archives building and the purchasing of the land for the future Baháʼí House of Worship on Mount Carmel.

She was appointed a Hand of the Cause and vice-president of the International Baháʼí Council by Shoghi Effendi in 1951.

Shrine of the Báb
The Shrine of the Báb is a structure on the slopes of Mount Carmel in Haifa, Israel, where the remains of the Báb, founder of the Bábí Faith and forerunner of Baháʼu'lláh in the Baháʼí Faith, are buried; it is considered to be the second holiest place on Earth for Baháʼís, after the Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh in Acre. Its precise location on Mount Carmel was designated by Baháʼu'lláh himself to his eldest son, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, in 1891. ʻAbdu'l-Bahá planned the structure, which was designed and completed several years later by his grandson, Shoghi Effendi.

Crowning the design, as anticipated by ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, is a dome, which is set on an 18-windowed drum. That, in turn, is mounted on an octagon, a feature suggested by Shoghi Effendi. An arcade surrounds the stone edifice. A restoration project of the exterior and interior of the shrine started in 2008 and was completed in April 2011.