hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
104th Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 104th Brigade was a formation of  the British Army during the First World War. It was raised as part of the new army, also known as Kitchener's Army, and assigned to the 35th Division. The brigade served on the Western Front.

The infantry was originally composed of Bantams, the name given to soldiers who would otherwise be excluded from service due to their short stature. This became a regular infantry Brigade with the end of the Bantam experiment at the end of 1916, after it was noted that bantam replacements were not up to the physical standards of the original recruits.

The brigade was disbanded in April 1919 at Ripon; the brigade was not reformed in the Second World War.

Kitchener's Army
The New Army, often referred to as Kitchener's Army or, disparagingly, as Kitchener's Mob,
was an (initially) all-volunteer portion of the British Army formed in the United Kingdom from 1914 onwards following the outbreak of hostilities in the First World War in late July 1914. It originated on the recommendation of Herbert Kitchener, then the Secretary of State for War to obtain 500,000 volunteers for the Army. Kitchener's original intention was that these men would be formed into units that would be ready to be put into action in mid-1916, but circumstances dictated the use of these troops before then. The first use in a major action of Kitchener's Army units came at the Battle of Loos (September–October 1915).
Rabbit or Duck
"Rabbit or Duck" is the 15th episode of the fifth season of the CBS sitcom How I Met Your Mother and 103rd episode overall. It originally aired on February 8, 2010. In a nod to CBS hosting that year's Super Bowl, the episode features NFL commentators Jim Nantz and Phil Simms in guest appearances as themselves.

How I Met Your Mother season 5
The fifth season of the American television comedy series How I Met Your Mother premiered on September 21, 2009, and concluded on May 24, 2010. It consists of 24 episodes, each running approximately 22 minutes in length. CBS broadcast the fifth season on Monday nights at 8:00 pm in the United States.
Measurable group
In mathematics, a measurable group is a special type of group in the intersection between group theory and measure theory. Measurable groups are used to study measures is an abstract setting and are often closely related to topological groups.

Topological group
In mathematics, topological groups are the combination of groups and topological spaces, i.e. they are groups and topological spaces at the same time, such that the continuity condition for the group operations connects these two structures together and consequently they are not independent from each other.

Topological groups were studied extensively in the period of 1925 to 1940. Haar and Weil (respectively in 1933 and 1940) showed that the integrals and Fourier series are special cases of a construct that can be defined on a very wide class of topological groups.

Topological groups, along with continuous group actions, are used to study continuous symmetries, which have many applications, for example, in physics. In functional analysis, every topological vector space is an additive topological group with the additional property that scalar multiplication is continuous; consequently, many results from the theory of topological groups can be applied to functional analysis.
Taipei Medical University
Taipei Medical University (TMU; Chinese: 臺北醫學大學; pinyin: Táiběi Yīxué Dàxué; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak I-ha̍k Tāi-ha̍k) is a private medical school in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan. Founded as Taipei Medical College in 1960, it assumed its current name in 2000.

The university is organized into ten colleges and five teaching hospitals, including Taipei Medical University Hospital and Shuang-Ho Hospital. It hosts BMed, MD, PhD, and master's programs, enrolling more than 4,000 undergraduates and 1,000 postgraduates.

Joint Commission
The Joint Commission is a United States-based nonprofit tax-exempt 501(c) organization that accredits more than 22,000 US health care organizations and programs. The international branch accredits medical services from around the world.

A majority of US state governments recognize Joint Commission accreditation as a condition of licensure for the receipt of Medicaid and Medicare reimbursements.

The Joint Commission is based in the Chicago suburb of Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois.
Toews
Toews (/ˈteɪvz/ TAYVZ) is a surname of Russian Mennonite origin, an abbreviation of Matthäus (Matthews). Notable people with this name include:

Brian Toews (1941-2019), Canadian curler, 1984 Brier champion

BT Toews (born 1966), Canadian basketball coach and player

David Toews (born 1990), Canadian hockey player

David Waltner-Toews (born 1948), Canadian epidemiologist, writer and veterinarian

Devon Toews (born 1994), Canadian hockey player

Georgia Toews (born 1990), Canadian novelist

Gisela Toews (born 1940), German speed skater

Jeff Toews (born 1957), American football player

John E. Toews (born 1944), Canadian historian

Jonathan Toews (born 1988), Canadian hockey player

Kai Toews (born 1998), Japanese basketball player

Loren Toews (born 1951), American football player

Miriam Toews (born 1964), Canadian writer of Mennonite descent

Travis Toews (born 1964), Canadian politician

Vic Toews (born 1952), Canadian politician

John E. Toews
John Edward Toews (born 1944) is a Canadian-born historian of modern Western intellectual and cultural history. He is Professor Emeritus of History at the University of Washington, where he is known for his role in developing the Comparative History of Ideas (CHID) program into a nationally recognized model for interdisciplinary education.

Toews’s research focuses on nineteenth- and twentieth-century European thought, especially the evolution of historical consciousness and the ethical implications of historicism in modern culture.
Connected for Life
"Connected for Life" is a song performed by American West Coast hip-hop trio Westside Connection. It was released on May 28, 2002 via Cash Money/Universal Records as the third and final single from Mack 10's fifth solo studio album Bang or Ball. Recording sessions took place at Sugar Hill Studios in Houston, PatchWerk Recording Studios in Atlanta and Sony Music Studios in New York. Produced by Mannie Fresh, it features vocals from fellow American singer Butch Cassidy. In the United States, the single peaked at number 57 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and number 56 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay charts. The song also appeared in Music From and Inspired by the Motion Picture xXx: A New Breed of Secret Agent.

Sony Music Studios
Sony Music Studios was an American music recording and mastering facility in New York City. The five-story building was a music and broadcasting complex located at 460 W. 54th Street, at 10th Avenue, in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan. It opened in 1993 and closed in August 2007.

In addition to being the production facility for new popular, classical, and other albums, it was also used as space for soundtrack recording and mixing, post-production, and rehearsals. Sony Music Studios also had facilities for live and taped television broadcasts.

Prior to its acquisition by Sony in 1993, the industrial red-brick barn was owned by Camera Mart for 20 years and leased the space to movie and television producers.
SS Hewsang
Hewsang was a 3,539 GRT cargo ship which was built by William Gray & Co Ltd, West Hartlepool in 1944 as  Empire Bermuda for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Postwar she was sold into merchant service and renamed Hewsang and later sold to new owners and renamed Sunshine, serving until scrapped in 1970.

West Hartlepool
West Hartlepool was a predecessor of Hartlepool, County Durham, England. It developed in the Victorian era and took the name from its western position in the parish of what is now known as the Headland.

The former town was originally formed in 1848 as an accompanying settlement for nearby railway and docks, which brought and exported coal from the area. The rail network grew, connecting to docks in Leeds and other cities. Further developments in the area led to the 1960s formation of Hartlepool as a town.
Frédéric Sanchez
Frédéric Sanchez (born 23 September 1966) is a French sound artist and music producer, best known for his career in the fashion industry. His works include sound collages, mixes, original compositions, and sound installations. Major industry observers such as Vogue, Dazed, AnOther, or Business of Fashion have repeatedly referred to him as "one of the most respected sound designers working today".

In 2005 he was appointed Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters by the French ministry of Culture.

Odile Decq
Odile Decq (born 1955) is a French architect, urban planner , and academic. She is the founder of the Paris firm, Studio Odile Decq and the architecture school, Confluence Institute. Decq is known for her self-described goth appearance and style.
Another Hand
Another Hand is an album by the American saxophonist David Sanborn, released in 1991.

Another Hand peaked at No. 170 on the Billboard 200. The album and the title track were nominated for Grammy Awards, in the "Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group" and "Best Jazz Instrumental Solo" categories.

Jack DeJohnette
Jack DeJohnette (August 9, 1942 – October 26, 2025) was an American jazz drummer, pianist and composer. Known for his extensive work as leader and sideman for musicians including Charles Lloyd, Freddie Hubbard, Keith Jarrett, Bill Evans, John Abercrombie, Ralph Towner, Alice Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Miles Davis, Joe Henderson, Michael Brecker, Pat Metheny, Herbie Hancock, and John Scofield, DeJohnette was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 2007. He won two Grammy Awards and was nominated for six others. The Times said that as a drummer "few could rival his virtuosity or his dynamism". He recorded more than 35 albums under his own name as a band leader.
KRCQ
KRCQ (102.3 FM, "Real Country 102") is a radio station broadcasting a classic country music format. The station is licensed to serve Detroit Lakes, Minnesota, United States.  The station is currently owned by Leighton Broadcasting.

Detroit Lakes, Minnesota
Detroit Lakes is a city in and the county seat of Becker County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 9,869 at the 2020 census. Its unofficial population during the summer is higher, estimated by citizens to peak at 13,000, due to seasonal residents and tourists.

U.S. Highways 10 and 59 and Minnesota State Highway 34 are the primary routes through the city. Detroit Lakes is 45 miles east of the Fargo–Moorhead ND-MN statistical metropolitan area. The nearest major metropolitan area with a population over 1 million is Minneapolis–Saint Paul, which is about 205 miles southeast of Detroit Lakes.

Detroit Lakes is a regional summer and winter recreation destination, attracting large numbers of tourists and seasonal residents each year. Tourism is the area's chief industry.
Diasporus gularis
Diasporus gularis, also known as the Esmeraldas robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is found in western Colombia (Córdoba Department in the north through Antioquia and Chocó Departments to the Valle del Cauca, Cauca, and Nariño Departments in the southwest) and northwestern and central Ecuador (Esmeraldas, Imbabura, and Chimborazo Provinces).

Córdoba Department
Córdoba (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkoɾðoβa], Spanish: Departamento de Córdoba) is a Department of the Republic of Colombia located to the north of this country in the Colombian Caribbean Region. Córdoba faces to the north with the Caribbean Sea, to the northeast with the Sucre Department, east with the Bolívar Department and south with the Antioquia Department. As of 2018, the population of Córdoba was estimated to be 1,784,783. Its capital is the city of Montería.
Constantine Campbell
Constantine Alberga Campbell (January 18, 1934 – November 27, 2022) was a Canadian scientist who was a researcher in soil organic matter and all features of nitrogen in soils and crops. Campbell is the leading authority on soil fertility and degradation of nitrogen in American prairie soil, which includes the amount of loss on the quality of organic matter. He was one of the first to radiocarbon date soil organic matter, and in 1967 published a paper which is cited as a landmark work. The majority of his career, he worked with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in Swift Current, Saskatchewan, retiring in 1998.

Swift Current
Swift Current is the sixth-largest city in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is situated along the Trans Canada Highway, 177 kilometres (110 mi) west of Moose Jaw, 223 kilometres (139 mi) east of Medicine Hat, Alberta, and 254 kilometres (158 mi) west of the provincial capital city, Regina. As of 2021, Swift Current has an estimated population of 16,750, a growth of 0.9% from the 2016 census population of 16,604. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Swift Current No. 137.
Ladson
Ladson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

James Ladson (1753–1812), American politician, plantation owner, and military officer

James H. Ladson (1795–1868), American planter, businessman, and consul

Sarah Reeve Ladson, American socialite and arts patron

Rick Ladson (1984–), Australian footballer

James Ladson
James Henry Ladson (1753 – 1812) was an American politician, wealthy plantation owner from Charles Town and officer of the American Revolution. He served as the Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina from 1792 to 1794, and was a member of the South Carolina state Senate from 1800 to 1804.

The President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen is descended both from his son James H. Ladson and from his daughter Elizabeth Ladson, and by adoption additionally from his daughter Sarah Reeve Ladson; von der Leyen lived under the name Rose Ladson in London in the late 1970s.
K-means++
In data mining and machine learning fields, k-means++ is an algorithm for choosing the initial values/centroids (or "seeds") for the k-means clustering algorithm.  It was proposed in 2007 by David Arthur and Sergei Vassilvitskii, as an approximation algorithm for the NP-hard k-means problem—a way of avoiding the sometimes poor clusterings found by the standard k-means algorithm. It is similar to the first of three seeding methods proposed, in  independent work, in 2006 by Rafail Ostrovsky, Yuval Rabani, Leonard Schulman and Chaitanya Swamy. (The distribution of the first seed is different.)

Leonard Schulman
Leonard J. Y. Schulman (born September 14, 1963) is professor of computer science in the Computing and Mathematical Sciences Department at the California Institute of Technology. He is known for work on algorithms, information theory, coding theory, and quantum computation.
Carlos Camins
Carlos Camins y Hernandez (November 4, 1887 – August 11, 1970) was the former governor of the old Zamboanga Province from 1931 to 1934. His parents were Francisco Camins, a member of the Spanish Navy Unit stationed in Zamboanga and the Portuguese Mariquita Hernandez Camins. Camins studied in Manila. He was a journalist, publisher and editor of El Finex, a Spanish newspaper, La Anorcha and El Sur. During his term as governor he developed the Abuano Barracks in the municipality of Aurora, now under the province of Zamboanga del Sur.

Aurora, Zamboanga del Sur
Aurora, officially the Municipality of Aurora (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Aurora; Subanen: Benwa Aurora; Maguindanaon: Inged nu Awrura, Jawi: ايڠد نو اورور; Chavacano: Municipalidad de Aurora; Tagalog: Bayan ng Aurora), is a municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 52,746 people.

The town was named after President Manuel L. Quezon's wife, Aurora Quezon.
Expres
Expres (Ukrainian: Експрес, also transliterated Ekspres or Express) is a Ukrainian language Lviv-based, daily broadsheet newspaper founded in 1992. It claims to be the biggest newspaper in Ukraine in Ukrainian in terms of circulation. Its popularity is based in Western Ukraine.

According to Ekspres employees and IFEX, Ekspres has been subjected to intimidation by the Judicial system of Ukraine and the Ukrainian police in the period between 2010 and 2013. In February 2012 the International Press Institute "condemned alleged attempts by local officials to gag Ekspres". The Ministry of Revenues and Duties denied such allegations in August 2013.

The newspaper's editorial office was shot at three times in 2009.

National Police of Ukraine
The National Police of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Націона́льна полі́ція Украї́ни, romanized: Natsionalna politsiia Ukrainy, IPA: [nɐts⁽ʲ⁾ioˈnɑlʲnɐ poˈl⁽ʲ⁾its⁽ʲ⁾ijɐ ʊkrɐˈjinɪ]; abbr.  НПУ/NPU [ˌɛnpeˈu]), often simply referred to as the Politsiia (Поліція, 'Police'), is the national, and only, police service of Ukraine. It was formed on 3 July 2015, as part of the post-Euromaidan reforms launched by Ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko, to replace Ukraine's previous national police service, the Militsiya. On 7 November 2015, all the remaining militsiya were labelled "temporary acting" members of the National Police.

The agency is overseen by the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Joshy Joseph
Joshy Joseph is an Indian documentary filmmaker and film critic who has been active since the 1980s. He has won seven national film awards, including one for best film critic. Based in Kolkata, Joseph heads the Films Division, Eastern Region, where he oversees documentary film production and related activities.

Some of Joseph's notable works focus on the cultural, linguistic, ethnic, and political issues of India's northeastern states, apart from Bengal and Odisha. These include And the Bamboo Blooms (1999), Wearing the Face (2000), One Day from a Hangman's Life (2005), Journeying with Mahasweta Devi (2009), With Quietude to Nirad (2015), and Laparoscopic Cinemascapes (2022).

Joseph has made multiple documentaries on the late Bengali writer and activist Mahasweta Devi, based on his association with her from around 2004 until her death in 2016. These include Journeying with Mahasweta Devi (2009) and Mahasweta Devi – Close Up (2010).

National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.
2018 Pro A Leaders Cup
The 2018 LNB Pro A Leaders Cup season was the 22nd edition of this tournament, the sixth since it was renamed as Leaders Cup. The event included the eight top teams from the first half of the 2017–18 Pro A regular season and was played in Disneyland Paris. AS Monaco Basket won their third consecutive title after beating Le Mans Sarthe in the Final.

2017–18 Pro A season
The 2017–18 Pro A season is the 96th season of the Pro A, the top basketball league in France organised by the Ligue nationale de basket (LNB).

On 2 March 2018, Jeep became the new main sponsor of the league and the league was re-named the Jeep Élite.
Live, Laugh, Love
"Live, Laugh, Love" is an alliterative, motivational three-word phrase that became a popular slogan on motivational posters and home decor in the late 2000s and early 2010s. By extension, the saying has also become pejoratively associated with a style of "basic" Generation X decor and with what Vice described as "speaking-to-the-manager shallowness".

The phrase is an abridged form of the 1904 poem "Success" by Bessie Anderson Stanley which begins:

He achieved success who has lived well, laughed often, and loved much

This phrase was subsequently popularized by Ann Landers and a 1990 Dear Abby column, where it was misattributed to Ralph Waldo Emerson.

Karen (slang)
Karen is a pejorative slang term typically used to refer to a middle class woman who is perceived as entitled or excessively demanding. The term is often portrayed in memes depicting middle-class white women who use their white and class privilege to demand their own way. Depictions include demanding to "speak to the manager", being racist, or wearing a particular bob cut hairstyle. It was popularized in the aftermath of the Central Park birdwatching incident in 2020, when a woman called the police during a disagreement over the requirement for her dog to be leashed in an area of the park.

The term has been criticized by some as racist, sexist, ageist, classist, and controlling women's behavior. The term has occasionally been applied to male behavior.

During 2020, the term increasingly appeared in media and social media, including during the COVID-19 pandemic and George Floyd protests. The Guardian called 2020 "the year of Karen".
Systers
Systers, founded by Anita Borg, is an international electronic mailing list for technical women in computing. The Syster community strives to increase the number of women in computer science and improve work environments for women. The mailing list has operated since 1987, making it the oldest of its kind for women in computer science. It is likely the largest email community of women in computing.

Symposium on Operating Systems Principles
The Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP), organized by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), is one of the most prestigious single-track academic conferences on operating systems.

Before 2023, SOSP was held every other year, alternating with the conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI); starting 2024, SOSP began to be held every year.  The first SOSP was held in 1967. It is sponsored by the ACM's Special Interest Group on Operating Systems (SIGOPS).
Marder I
The Marder I "Marten" (Sd.Kfz. 135) was a German World War II tank destroyer, armed with a 75 mm Pak-40 anti-tank gun. Most Marder Is were built on the base of the Tracteur Blindé 37L (Lorraine), a French artillery tractor/armored personnel carrier of which the Germans had acquired more than 300 units after the Fall of France in 1940.

Armoured personnel carrier
An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a broad type of armoured military vehicle designed to transport personnel and equipment in combat zones. Since World War I, APCs have become a very common piece of military equipment around the world.

According to the definition in the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, an APC is "an armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped to transport a combat infantry squad and which, as a rule, is armed with an integral or organic weapon of less than 20 millimetres calibre." Compared to infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs), which are also used to carry infantry into battle, APCs have less armament and are not designed to provide direct fire support in battle. Infantry units that travel in APCs are known as mechanized infantry. Some militaries also make a distinction between infantry units that use APCs and infantry units that use IFVs, with the latter being known as armoured infantry.