hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carlos Talbott
Carlos Maurice Talbott (January 28, 1920 – February 26, 2015) was a United States Air Force officer who attained the rank of lieutenant general and was vice commander in chief of the Pacific Air Forces, headquartered at Hickam Air Force Base.

Hickam Air Force Base
Hickam Air Force Base is a United States Air Force (USAF) installation, named in honor of aviation pioneer Lieutenant Colonel Horace Meek Hickam. The installation merged in 2010 with Naval Station Pearl Harbor to become part of the newly formed Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam, on the island of Oʻahu in the State of Hawaiʻi. The base neighbors Daniel K. Inouye International Airport and currently shares runways with the airport for its activities and operations.
Super Video CD
Super Video CD (Super Video Compact Disc, abbreviated as SVCD) is a digital format for storing video on standard compact discs. SVCD was intended as a successor to Video CD and an alternative to DVD-Video, and falls somewhere between both in terms of technical capability and picture quality.

Variable bitrate
Variable bitrate (VBR) is a term used in telecommunications and computing that relates to the bitrate used in sound or video encoding.  As opposed to constant bitrate (CBR), VBR files vary the amount of output data per time segment.  VBR allows a higher bitrate (and therefore more storage space) to be allocated to the more complex segments of media files while less space is allocated to less complex segments.  The average of these rates can be calculated to produce an average bitrate for the file.

MP3, WMA and AAC audio files can optionally be encoded in VBR, while Opus and Vorbis are encoded in VBR by default. Variable bit rate encoding is also commonly used on MPEG-2 video, MPEG-4 Part 2 video (Xvid, DivX, etc.), MPEG-4 Part 10/H.264 video, Theora, Dirac and other video compression formats. Additionally, variable rate encoding is inherent in lossless compression schemes such as FLAC and Apple Lossless.
Fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase
In enzymology, a fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.30) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

GTP + beta-L-fucose 1-phosphate  diphosphate + GDP-L-fucose

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are GTP and beta-L-fucose 1-phosphate, whereas its two products are diphosphate and GDP-L-fucose.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing nucleotide groups (nucleotidyltransferases).  The systematic name of this enzyme class is GTP:beta-L-fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase. Other names in common use include GDP fucose pyrophosphorylase, guanosine diphosphate L-fucose pyrophosphorylase, GDP-L-fucose pyrophosphorylase, GDP-fucose pyrophosphorylase, and GTP:L-fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in fructose and mannose metabolism.

Mannose
Mannose is a sugar with the formula HOCH2(CHOH)4CHO, which sometimes is abbreviated Man. It is one of the monomers of the aldohexose series of carbohydrates. It is a C-2 epimer of glucose. Mannose is important in human metabolism, especially in the glycosylation of certain proteins.  Several congenital disorders of glycosylation are associated with mutations in enzymes involved in mannose metabolism.

Mannose is not an essential nutrient; it can be produced in the human body from glucose, or converted into glucose. Mannose provides 2–5 kcal/g. It is partially excreted in the urine.
1985 Alan King Tennis Classic – Doubles
Steve Denton and Kevin Curren were the defending champions in 1983. Denton teamed up with Scott Davis and lost in the quarterfinals to Pat Cash and John Fitzgerald, while Curren teamed up with Vijay Amritraj and lost in the first round, also to Cash and Fitzgerald.

Cash and Fitzgerald won the title by defeating Paul Annacone and Christo van Rensburg 7–6, 6–7, 7–6 in the final.

Pat Cash
Patrick Hart Cash (born 27 May 1965) is an Australian former professional tennis player and coach. He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 4 in May 1988 and a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 6 in August 1988. Upon winning the 1987 singles title at Wimbledon, Cash climbed into the stands to celebrate, starting a tradition that has continued ever since.
Samba, Iran
Samba (Persian: سمبا, also Romanized as Sambā and Sombā) is a village in Kuh Yakhab Rural District, Dastgerdan District, Tabas County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 151, in 28 families.

Kuh Yakhab Rural District
Kuh Yakhab Rural District (Persian: دهستان كوه يخاب) is in Kuh Yakhab District of Eshqabad County, South Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Yakhab. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Tappeh Taq.
Tongju Yang clan
The Tongju Yang clan (Korean: 통주 양씨; Hanja: 通州 楊氏) was a Korean clan. Their bon-gwan was in Tongzhou District, Beijing, China. According to research in 2000, members of the clan numbered 83. Their founder was Yang Bok gil, who was from Tongzhou District, Beijing. Yang Bok gil called volunteer soldiers together hoping for the restoration of the Ming dynasty when the Ming dynasty was toppled by the Qing dynasty; however, he was captured and was detained in Shenyang. After that, Crown Prince Sohyeon returned to Joseon with nine people who were captured by the Qing dynasty after the Qing invasion of Joseon. They hoped for the Ming dynasty's restoration and raised a rebellion but were detained by the Qing dynasty.

Crown Prince Sohyeon
Crown Prince Sohyeon (Korean: 소현세자; Hanja: 昭顯世子, 5 February 1612 – 21 May 1645) was the first son of King Injo of Joseon Dynasty.

Sohyeon was a hostage in the Manchu court at Shenyang, by the terms of the peace treaty concluded after War in 1636. He moved to Beijing in 1644, and communicated with the Jesuit missionary Johann Adam Schall von Bell there. Sohyeon died not long after his return to Korea in 1645.
RELHIC
A RELHIC, or Reionization-Limited HI Cloud, is a theoretical construct in astrophysics that describes a type of dark matter halo containing neutral hydrogen gas. These clouds are characterized by their potential to reveal the nature of dark matter and the conditions for galaxy formation in the early universe, particularly during the epoch of reionization. RELHICs are thought to be spherical gaseous systems that are in hydrostatic equilibrium and are influenced by both the presence of dark matter and a background ultraviolet radiation field from stars and galaxies.

The concept of RELHICs was proposed by astrophysicists Alejandro Benitez-Llambay and Julio F. Navarro, as part of their work on cosmological simulations and observations. They suggest that these structures could serve as observational targets to better understand the nature of dark matter and the formation of galaxies.

In 2023, a RELHIC candidate, referred to as Cloud-9, was detected near the spiral galaxy Messier 94.

Julio Navarro (astrophysicist)
Julio F. Navarro FRSC (born October 12, 1962 in Santiago del Estero, Argentina) is a professor of Astronomy (Ph.D. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina) at the department of Physics and Astronomy in the University of Victoria. Navarro's research is mainly focused on the formation and evolution of galaxies and galaxy clusters and the structure and evolution of their dark matter component. He is known for his theoretical studies of dark matter halos carried out using massive N-body simulations. Navarro along with Carlos Frenk and Simon White has formulated a density profile for dark matter halos, which was named after them. In 2015, he won the Henry Marshall Tory Medal of the Royal Society of Canada. He is chief editor of the journal Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences.
La Chaux-de-Fonds–Glovelier line
The La Chaux-de-Fonds–Glovelier line is a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) railway line in the cantons of Jura, Bern, and Neuchâtel in Switzerland.  The line was originally built by two companies, the Chemin de fer Saignelégier-La Chaux-de-Fonds and Régional Saignelégier–Glovelier, and has been owned and operated by the Chemins de fer du Jura since 1944.

Canton of Jura
The Republic and Canton of Jura (officially in French: République et Canton du Jura), less formally the Canton of Jura or Canton Jura (/ˈ(d)ʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə; French: [ʒyʁa] ⓘ), is the newest (founded in 1979) of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland. The capital is Delémont. It shares borders with the canton of Basel-Landschaft, the canton of Bern, the canton of Neuchatel, the canton of Solothurn, and the French regions of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and Grand Est.
George Brittain
George Brittain (1821, in Chester – 1882) was an English railway engineer, and was Locomotive Superintendent of the Caledonian Railway from 1876 to 1882, between Benjamin Connor and Dugald Drummond.

Previously he had been locomotive superintendent of the Dundee, Perth and Aberdeen Junction Railway (1859–63) and assistant to Alexander Allan on the Scottish Central Railway (1863–65). Outdoor superintendent, Caledonian Railway (1865–76) and assistant/deputy to the incumbent and ailing Conner.

In common with many of his professional contemporaries he described himself as a civil engineer in 1861 and 1871 but as a mechanical engineer (locomotive superintendent) in 1881.

Scottish Central Railway
The Scottish Central Railway (SCR) was formed in 1845 to link Perth and Stirling to Central Scotland, by building a railway line to join the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway near Castlecary.

The line opened in 1848 including a branch to South Alloa. The line immediately became part of the forming trunk railway network in Scotland, and amalgamation with other railways was considered, and in 1865 the Scottish Central Railway amalgamated with the Caledonian Railway.

The main line continues in use today as a major part of the Scottish Railway network carrying frequent passenger services and a significant freight traffic.
Wir müssen durch viel Trübsal, BWV 146
Wir müssen durch viel Trübsal (We must [pass] through great sadness), BWV 146, is a cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach, a church cantata for the third Sunday after Easter. Bach composed it in Leipzig in 1726 or 1727.

Gottfried Vopelius
Gottfried Vopelius (28 January 1645 – 3 February 1715), was a German Lutheran academic and hymn-writer, mainly active in Leipzig. He was born in Herwigsdorf, now a district of Rosenbach, Oberlausitz, and died in Leipzig at the age of 70.
North Dakota's 3rd congressional district
North Dakota's 3rd congressional district is an obsolete congressional district in the state of North Dakota that was created by reapportionments in 1913, and eliminated by the reapportionments of the 1930 census in 1933. The district consisted of the western part of the state, and was made up of following counties: Divide, Burke, Renville, Ward, Mountrail, Williams, McKenzie, McLean, Dunn, Mercer, Oliver, Billings, Stark, Morton, Hettinger, Bowman and Adams.

The seat only was only filled by two congressmen during its existence; Patrick Daniel Norton and James H. Sinclair.

Mercer County, North Dakota
Mercer County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,350. and was estimated to be 8,348 in 2024. The county seat is Stanton and the largest city is Beulah.
Yulia Ryabchinskaya
Yulia Ryabchinskaya (21 January 1947 – 13 January 1973) was a canoeist from Ukraine and Olympic champion. She represented the USSR at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, winning the gold in the K-1 500 m event.

Only four months after her Olympic victory, Ryabchinskaya was taking part in winter training at Lake Paliastomi in the Soviet republic of Georgia when she fell into the water and died from abrupt cooling. An international competition is held in her honor in Moscow every spring.

Ryabchinskaya also won a gold in the K-4 500 m event at the 1971 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Belgrade.

Canoeing
Canoeing is an activity which involves paddling a canoe with a single-bladed paddle. In some parts of Europe, canoeing refers to both canoeing and kayaking, with a canoe being called an 'open canoe' or 'Canadian'.

A few of the recreational forms of canoeing are canoe camping and canoe racing.  Other forms include a wide range of canoeing on lakes, rivers, oceans, ponds and streams.
Carson Hot Springs
Carson Hot Springs is a natural hot spring located in Carson City, Nevada, in the Eagle Valley. The spring emits approximately 60 US gallons (230 L) of 120 °F (49 °C) geothermally heated groundwater per minute, and is the largest hot spring in the Eagle Valley. The groundwater originates at 6.6 miles (10.6 km) below the Earth's surface, and the pools at the site are filled with water pumped from the spring. Today, it is a resort that provides private indoor soaking areas, an outdoor swimming pool, massage and dining.

Resort
A resort (North American English) is a self-contained commercial establishment that aims to provide most of a vacationer's needs. This includes food, drink, accommodation, sports, entertainment and shopping, on the premises. A hotel is frequently a central feature of a resort and the term resort may be used for a hotel that provides an array of entertainment and recreational activities.

Some resorts are also condominium complexes that offer timeshares or fractional ownership, in addition to wholly owned condominiums. A resort is not always a commercial establishment operated by a single company, but in the late 20th century, this type became more common.

In British English, "resort" means a town which people visit for holidays and day trips, typically containing hotels where holidaymakers stay. Blackpool and Brighton in UK and Ayia Napa in Cyprus are examples of such places.
Georgia women's national basketball team
The Georgia women's national basketball team is the women's basketball side that represents the country of Georgia in international competitions. It is governed by the Georgian Basketball Federation.

The team for several times unsuccessfully tried to qualify for the EuroBasket.

Women's basketball
Women's basketball is the team sport of basketball played by women. It was first played in 1892, one year after men's basketball, at Smith College in Massachusetts. It spread across the United States, in large parts via women's college competitions, and has since spread globally. As of 2020, basketball is one of the most popular and fastest growing sports in the world.

There are multiple professional leagues and tournaments for professional women basketball players. The main North American league is the WNBA. The FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup and Women's Olympic Basketball Tournament feature top national teams from continental championships. In the US, the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship is also popular. The strongest European women's basketball clubs participate in the EuroLeague Women.
Great Britain at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), the previous host of the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. 257 competitors, 213 men and 44 women, took part in 127 events in 18 sports. In 1952, they achieved their only gold medal during the last event of the last day of competition in Helsinki. Along with 1904 and 1996, this is Great Britain's lowest gold medal count.

Alan Newton (cyclist)
Alan Newton (19 March 1931 – 22 May 2023) was a British track cyclist. Born in Stockport, Cheshire, Newton began cycling in 1946, with the Manchester Wheelers' Club. He represented his native country at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. There he won the bronze medal in the men's 4,000 metres team pursuit, alongside Donald Burgess, George Newberry, and Ronald Stretton. He also competed at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships where they finished 4th.

Newton was completing an apprenticeship to become an electrician at the time he was competing, and said the training consisted of 40 hours a week, riding his bike with a toolkit on his back. An off-road cycling route from Marple to Stockport, the Alan Newton Way, is named in his honour.

Newton died on 22 May 2023, at the age of 92.
The Malt Shovel
The Malt Shovel is a historic pub in Oswaldkirk, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

The pub was built as a house, probably in the 17th century.  In about 1700, the facade was rebuilt.  It was renovated in the 20th century, and a two-storey extension was added.  The building was grade II listed in 1955.  In 2018, it was owned by Samuel Smith's Old Brewery, at which time it was proposed to demolish the extension and add a single-storey replacement, and modify the snug, kitchens, toilets and accommodation.

The pub is built of limestone on a plinth, with rusticated quoins, and a stone slate roof with gable coping. The garden front has two storeys and five bays. The central doorway has an eared architrave, and a broken segmental pediment containing a coat of arms. The windows are sashes in architraves, with pulvinated friezes, and broken pediments, alternately segmental and plain. The end gable contains a mullioned window.

Samuel Smith Old Brewery
Samuel Smith Old Brewery, commonly known as Samuel Smith's or Sam Smith's, is an independent brewery and pub operator based in Tadcaster, North Yorkshire, England, established in 1758. It claims to be Yorkshire's oldest brewery.

It is known for being traditionally run with conservative values, still using dray horses for some beer deliveries, and banning music, television and mobile devices in its bars.
USS Colhoun
Two ships in the United States Navy have been named USS Colhoun, in honor of Rear Admiral Edmund Colhoun.

USS Colhoun (DD-85), was a Wickes-class destroyer, launched in 1918 and sunk in action off Guadalcanal in 1942.

USS Colhoun (DD-801), was a Fletcher-class destroyer, launched in 1944 and sunk in action during the battle of Okinawa in 1945.

Wickes-class destroyer
The Wickes-class destroyers were a class of 111 destroyers built by the United States Navy in 1917–1919. Together with the six preceding ships of the Caldwell class and the succeeding 156 subsequent Clemson-class destroyers, they were grouped as the "flush-deck" or "four-stack" type. Only a few were completed in time to serve in World War I, including USS Wickes, the lead ship of the class.

While some were scrapped in the 1930s, the rest served throughout World War II. Most of these were converted to other uses; nearly all in U.S. service had half their boilers and one or more stacks removed to increase fuel and range or accommodate troops. Others were transferred to the British Royal Navy and the Royal Canadian Navy, some of which were later transferred to the Soviet Navy. All were scrapped within a few years after World War II.
George Hairston
George Hairston (September 20, 1750 – March 5, 1827) was a Scotch-Irish American Virginia planter, patriot and politician in Virginia who served one term in the Virginia House of Delegates representing Henry County after serving as a Colonel in the American Revolutionary War and later served as a Brigadier General in the War of 1812. The first of three men of the same name to serve in the Virginia General Assembly, unlike the two other men (his descendants), he did not serve in the Virginia Senate, although this Hairston may be better known for building  Beaver Creek Plantation, which remained his home and which he farmed using enslaved labor, or for helping to found Martinsburg.

Martinsburg, West Virginia
Martinsburg is a city in Berkeley County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. The population was 18,773 at the 2020 census, making Martinsburg the largest city in the eastern panhandle of West Virginia and the sixth-most populous city in the state. It is a principal city of the Hagerstown–Martinsburg metropolitan area extending into Maryland, which had 293,844 residents in 2020.
Parang
Parang is a popular folk music originating from Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago that was brought to Trinidad and Tobago by Venezuelan migrants who were primarily of Amerindian, Spanish, Mestizo, Pardo, and African heritage, something which is strongly reflected in the music itself. The word is derived from two Spanish words: parranda, meaning "a spree”, and parar meaning "to stop".

In the past, it was traditional for parang serenaders to pay nocturnal visits to the homes of family and friends, where part of the fun was waking the inhabitants of the household from their beds. Today, parang is especially vibrant in Trinidad and Tobago communities such as Paramin, Lopinot, and Arima.

A new form of parang, soca parang, has emerged. Soca parang is a combination of soca and parang.

Venezuelans
Venezuelans (Spanish: venezolanos) are the citizens identified with the country of Venezuela. This connection may be through citizenship, descent or cultural. For most Venezuelans, many or all of these connections exist and are the source of their Venezuelan citizenship or their bond to Venezuela.

Venezuela is a diverse and multilingual country, home to a melting pot of people of distinct origins. As a result, many Venezuelans do not regard their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship or allegiance. From the 1820s to 1930s Venezuela received 2.1 million European immigrants, the third most in Latin America, behind Argentina and Brazil.
Yan Ruoqu
Yan Ruoqu (simplified Chinese: 阎若璩; traditional Chinese: 閻若璩; pinyin: Yán Ruòqú; Wade–Giles: Yen Jochü; November 11, 1636 – July 9, 1704) was an influential Chinese scholar of the early Qing dynasty. He was born to a scholarly family in Taiyuan, Shanxi. Yan Ruoqu is most famous for proving that the "Old Text" chapters of the Confucian classic Book of Documents were forgeries (see zh:尚書古文疏證). He also made observations and theories about the motions of the Moon and the planets.

Yan's work on the Classic of History was independently verified and praised by Hui Dong (1697-1758), the verification work was finished by him and Sun Xingyan.

Liang Qichao praised Yan as being "number one textual scholar of the recent 300 years" (approx. translation from the Chinese Wiki quote 不能不認為近三百年學術解放之第一功臣, unreferenced). As such, he became an important precursor of the Doubting Antiquity School.

Taiyuan
Taiyuan (Taiyuan Jin: [tʰai˦˥ ye˩˩]) is the capital of Shanxi, China. Taiyuan is the political, economic, cultural and international exchange center of Shanxi Province, containing an industrial base focusing on energy and heavy chemicals. Throughout its long history, Taiyuan was the capital or provisional capital of many dynasties in China, hence the name Lóngchéng (龙城; The City of Dragon).

As of 2021, the city governs 6 districts, 3 counties, and hosts a county-level city with a total area of 6,988 square kilometers and a permanent population of 5,390,957.

Taiyuan is located roughly in the centre of Shanxi, with the Fen River flowing through the central city.
1938 English Greyhound Derby
The 1938 Greyhound Derby took place during June with the final being held on 25 June 1938 at White City Stadium.

The winner Lone Keel received a first prize of £1,250  and was trained by Sydney W Wright and owned by Jack Walsh and William Hill.

White City Stadium
White City Stadium in London, England, was built for the 1908 Summer Olympics. It hosted the finish of the first modern marathon and swimming, speedway, boxing, show jumping, athletics, stock car racing, concerts and a match at the 1966 World Cup.

From 1927, it was a venue for greyhound racing, hosting the English Greyhound Derby until its closure in 1984. The stadium was demolished in 1985 and the site is now occupied by White City Place.

White City was also used for stock car racing in the early seventies when Spedeworth promoted racing on Friday nights usually alternate Fridays to their Walthamstow promotions.