hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Journal of Collective Negotiations
The Journal of Collective Negotiations was a peer-reviewed academic journal which published articles regarding collective bargaining. The target audience for the journal was academics, students, employers, workers, and collective bargaining negotiators. It was published quarterly until 2008 by Baywood Publishing. The journal was cited by the Oxford Handbook of Work and Organization as a critical journal in collective bargaining theory and issues. A common textbook in Industrial and organizational psychology has cited the journal as one of two key publications in that very narrow field. It also has been quoted by the National Labor Relations Board.

Cambridge Scientific Abstracts
Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (later simply CSA) was a division of Cambridge Information Group and provider of online databases, based in Bethesda, Maryland, before merging with ProQuest of Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 2007.  CSA hosted databases of abstracts and developed taxonomic indexing of scholarly articles.  These databases were hosted on the CSA Illumina platform and were available alongside add-on products like CSA Illustrata (deep-indexing of tables and figures). The company produced numerous bibliographic databases in different fields of the arts and humanities, natural and social sciences, and technology.
Thus, coverage included materials science, environmental sciences and pollution management, biological sciences, aquatic sciences and fisheries, biotechnology, engineering, computer science, sociology, linguistics, and other areas.
Labeo heladiva
Labeo heladiva, is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. Earlier considered as the same species as Labeo dussumieri in India, recent phylogenetic and physiological differences suggest that Sri Lankan population is a distinct species.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Karl Pearson
Karl Pearson FRS FRSE (/ˈpɪərsən/; born Carl Pearson; 27 March 1857 – 27 April 1936) was an English biostatistician and mathematician. He has been credited with establishing the discipline of mathematical statistics. He founded the world's first university statistics department at University College London in 1911, and contributed significantly to the field of biometrics and meteorology. Pearson was also a proponent of Social Darwinism and eugenics, and his thought is an example of what is today described as scientific racism. Pearson was a protégé and biographer of Sir Francis Galton. He edited and completed both William Kingdon Clifford's Common Sense of the Exact Sciences (1885) and Isaac Todhunter's History of the Theory of Elasticity, Vol. 1 (1886–1893) and Vol. 2 (1893), following their deaths.

Mathematical statistics
Mathematical statistics is the application of probability theory and other mathematical concepts to statistics, as opposed to techniques for collecting statistical data. Specific mathematical techniques that are commonly used in statistics include mathematical analysis, linear algebra, stochastic analysis, differential equations, and measure theory.
Palden Lhamo
Palden Lhamo ("Glorious Goddess", Tibetan: དཔལ་ལྡན་ལྷ་མོ།, Wylie: dpal ldan lha mo, Lhasa dialect: [pantɛ̃ l̥amo], Sanskrit: Śrīdēvī) or Shri Devi is a Vajrayana Buddhist dharmapala who appears in various forms. She is considered an enlightened being by Tibetan Buddhists.

Palden Lhamo is the special dharmapala of the Dalai Lamas, while the three protectors of his Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism are Yamaraja, Vaisravana, and Mahakala. She is the wrathful deity considered to be the principal protectress of Tibet.

Palden Lhamo appears in the retinue of the Obstacle-Removing Mahakala, either as an independent figure or associated to Ekajati, and has been described as "the tutelary deity of Tibet and its government", and as "celebrated all over Tibet and Mongolia, and the potent protector of the Dalai and Panchen Lamas and Lhasa."

Lhasa
Lhasa, officially the Chengguan District of Lhasa City, is the inner urban district of Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, Southwestern China.

Lhasa is the second most populous urban area on the Tibetan Plateau after Xining and, at an altitude of 3,656 metres (11,990 ft), Lhasa is one of the highest cities in the world. The city has been the religious and administrative capital of Tibet since the mid-17th century. It contains many culturally significant Tibetan Buddhist sites such as the Potala Palace, Jokhang Temple and Norbulingka Palaces. According to the census, the total resident population of the city by the end of 2024 will be 876,400.
Alec Skempton
Sir Alec Westley Skempton (4 June 1914 – 9 August 2001) was an English civil engineer internationally recognised, along with Karl Terzaghi, as one of the founding fathers of the engineering discipline of soil mechanics. He established the soil mechanics course at Imperial College London, where the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department's building was renamed after him in 2004, and was knighted in the 2000 New Year Honours for services to engineering. He was also a notable contributor on the history of British civil engineering.

Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London
The Faculty of Engineering is one of four faculties of Imperial College London, in London, England. Imperial's Faculty of Engineering was formed in 2001, from two of the universities constituent colleges - the Royal School of Mines (established in 1851) and City and Guilds College (established in 1881). The faculty is ranked as the top engineering institute in the UK in the 2021 Research Excellence Framework.

The faculty is located at Imperial's main South Kensington campus, where teaching and research take place.

The faculty offers undergraduate Bachelor's and Master's of Engineering courses, as well as postgraduate courses leading to MSc, MRes and doctoral degrees. Undergraduates studying at faculty departments obtain the appropriate associateship according to their course, either the Associateship of the City & Guilds of London Institute (ACGI) or the Associateship of the Royal School of Mines (ARSM) depending on the historic association of their department.
Markarian 501
Markarian 501 (or Mrk 501) is an elliptical galaxy with a spectrum extending to the highest energy gamma rays. It is a blazar or BL Lac object, which is an active galactic nucleus with a jet that is shooting towards the Earth. The object has a redshift of z = 0.033.

Mrk 501 is an extremely variable source of gamma rays, undergoing violent outbursts. During an outburst in 1997, it was the brightest object in the sky in the very-high-energy gamma ray region of the spectrum, at energies above 1011 eV (100 GeV).

The galaxy hosting the blazar was studied and catalogued by Benjamin Markarian in 1974. It was first determined to be a very high energy gamma ray emitter in 1996 by John Quinn at the Whipple Observatory.

Photon energy
Photon energy is the energy carried by a single photon. The amount of energy is directly proportional to the photon's electromagnetic frequency and thus, equivalently, is inversely proportional to the wavelength. The higher the photon's frequency, the higher its energy. Equivalently, the longer the photon's wavelength, the lower its energy.

Photon energy can be expressed using any energy unit. Among the units commonly used to denote photon energy are the electronvolt (eV) and the joule (as well as its multiples, such as the microjoule). As one joule equals 6.24×1018 eV, the larger units may be more useful in denoting the energy of photons with higher frequency and higher energy, such as gamma rays, as opposed to lower energy photons as in the optical and radio frequency regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Chkalovske settlement hromada
Chkalovske settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Чкаловська селищна територіальна громада, romanized: Chkalovska selyshchna terytorialna hromada) is a hromada (territorial community) in Ukraine, in south-east Chuhuiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast. The administrative centre is the rural settlement of Prolisne.The population of the hromada was 11,682 (2022 estimate) before the start of the Russo-Ukrainian war. The Siverskyi Donets flows through the area.

The Chkalovske Amalgamated Hromada, formed on 13 May 2016 following a decision of the Chkalovske rural council, includes 18 localities: Chkalovske, and the villages of Doslidne, Mykolaivka, Havrylivka, Nova Hnylytsia, Ivanivka, Mykhailivka, Rtyshchivka, Stepove, Studenok, Korobchyne, Osykovyi Hai, Lebiazhe, Mykolaivka, Pushkarne, Tahanka, Bazaliivka, and Yurchenkove. A village headman and 26 Chkalovske Rural Council deputies were elected.following the first election on 31 July 2016.

Lebiazhe, Chuhuiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast
Lebyazhe (Ukrainian: Леб'яже; Russian: Лебяжье) is a village in Kharkiv Oblast (district) in Chuhuiv Raion of eastern Ukraine, about 51.5 kilometres (32.0 mi) southeast by east from the centre of Kharkiv city.

The village came under attack by Russian forces in April 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
1948 Italian Senate election in Lombardy
Lombardy elected its first delegation to the Italian Senate on April 18, 1948. This election was a part of national Italian general election of 1948 even if, according to the newly established Italian Constitution, every senatorial challenge in each Region is a single and independent race.

The election was won by the centrist Christian Democracy, as it happened at national level. Pavia and Mantua were the sole provinces to oppose this result, giving a plurality to the Social-Communist alliance.

Province of Mantua
The province of Mantua (Italian: provincia di Mantova; Mantuan, Lower Mantuan: pruvincia ad Mantua; Upper Mantuan: pruinsa de Mantua) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Mantua. It is bordered to the north-east by the province of Verona, to the east by the province of Rovigo, to the south by the province of Ferrara, province of Modena, province of Reggio Emilia, and province of Parma, to the west by the province of Cremona, and to the north-west by the province of Brescia.
Vall d'Hebron
Vall d'Hebron is a neighbourhood in the Horta-Guinardó district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Four venues in the area hosted competitions for the 1992 Summer Olympics.

The Barcelona Metro line L3 stations of Vall d'Hebron, Montbau and Mundet are all situated on the northern boundary of the neighbourhood, under the Ronda de Dalt. Vall d'Hebron station is also served by line L5.

Despite its name, the Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron is not in the neighbourhood of la Vall d'Hebron, but rather in the neighbourhood of Montbau, on the other side of Ronda de Dalt. The hospital is a health campus that brings together four specialties: the university hospital, the research institute, the oncology institute and finally the Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia.

Mundet station
Mundet is a Barcelona Metro station, in the Horta-Guinardó district of Barcelona, which takes its name from the Recinte Mundet, an adjacent area that now houses a campus of the University of Barcelona. The station is served by line L3.

The station is located underneath the Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron and the Ronda de Dalt expressway, between Avinguda de Can Marcet and Passeig dels Castanyers. Access to the station is provided by an underground passageway allowing passengers to cross under the Ronda de Dalt; access is by stairs, escalators, and elevators north of the station, and level to the south, allowing the station to be supplied with natural light. One level below the passageway is a single 100-metre (330 ft) long island platform served by two flanking tracks.

The station was opened in 2001, when the section of line L3 from Montbau station to Canyelles station was inaugurated. It was designed by Ventura Valcarce.
Women in combat
Women in combat refers to female military personnel assigned to combat positions. The role of women in the military has varied across the world's major countries throughout history with several views for and against women in combat. Over time countries have generally become more accepting of women fulfilling combat roles.

Military personnel
Military personnel or military service members are members of the state's armed forces. Their roles, pay, and obligations differ according to their military branch (army, navy, marines, coast guard, air force, and space force), rank (officer, non-commissioned officer, or enlisted recruit), and their military task when deployed on operations and on exercise.
Grand design spiral galaxy
A grand design spiral galaxy is a spiral galaxy with prominent and well-defined continuous spiral arms, as opposed to multi-arm, patchy and flocculent spirals which have subtler structural features. The spiral arms of a grand design galaxy extend clearly around the galaxy, covering a significant portion of the galaxy's circumference. These spiral arms host much star formation, making them home to an abundance of bright, hot, and short-lived massive stars.

As of 2002, approximately 10 percent of all currently known spiral galaxies are classified as grand design type spirals, including M51 (Whirlpool Galaxy), M74 (Phantom Galaxy), M81 (Bode’s Galaxy), M83 (Southern pinwheel galaxy), M101 (Pinwheel Galaxy), NGC 6946 (Fireworks Galaxy) and IC 342 (The Hidden Galaxy).

Pinwheel Galaxy
The Pinwheel Galaxy (also known as Messier 101, M101 or NGC 5457) is a face-on, counterclockwise intermediate spiral galaxy located 21 million light-years (6.4 megaparsecs) from Earth in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781 and was communicated that year to Charles Messier, who verified its position for inclusion in the Messier Catalogue as one of its final entries.

On February 28, 2006, NASA and the European Space Agency released a very detailed image of the Pinwheel Galaxy, which was the largest and most detailed image of a galaxy by Hubble Space Telescope at the time. The image was composed of 51 individual exposures, plus some extra ground-based photos.
Hieracium abscissum
Hieracium abscissum is a species of plant in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. It is considered to be native to the south-western United States (Arizona and New Mexico), Mexico and Central America.

Hieracium abscissum is herbaceous and up to 75 cm (30 in) tall, with leaves on the stem and also in a rosette at the bottom. Leaves are lance-shaped, up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long, sometimes with teeth along the edge. One stalk branches toward the top, producing 5-60 flower heads. Each head has 20-24 yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers.

Cichorieae
The Cichorieae (also called Lactuceae) are a tribe in the plant family Asteraceae that includes 93 genera, more than 1,600 sexually reproductive species and more than 7,000 apomictic species. They are found primarily in temperate regions of the Eastern Hemisphere. Cichorieae all have milky latex and flowerheads that only contain one type of floret. The genera Gundelia and Warionia only have disk florets, while all other genera only have ligulate florets. The genera that contain most species are Taraxacum (Crepidinae subtribe) with about 1,600 apomictic species, Hieracium with about 770 sexually reproducing and 5,200 apomictic species, and Pilosella with 110 sexually reproducing and 700 apomictic species (both Hieraciinae). Well-known members include lettuce, chicory, dandelion, and salsify.
Northwest Mexico leopard frog
The Northwest Mexico leopard frog (Lithobates magnaocularis) is a species of frog in the family Ranidae endemic to Mexico. This predominantly aquatic frog inhabits temporary or permanent pools in shrublands and mesquite forests. It might be threatened by droughts.

It ranges along the Pacific slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental and adjacent coastal plain from southern Sonora state to southwards to the Río Grande de Santiago valley, where it occurs from sea level to 470 meters elevation.

Mesquite
Mesquite is a common name for some plants in the genera Neltuma and Strombocarpa, which contain over 50 species of spiny, deep-rooted leguminous shrubs and small trees. They are native to dry areas in the Americas. Until 2022, these genera were traditionally included in a broad view of the genus Prosopis, but that genus is now restricted to a few species native to the Old World.

Mesquites have extremely long taproots to seek water from very far under ground, making them extremely drought-tolerant. As they are legumes, mesquites are one of the few sources of fixed nitrogen in the desert habitat. Their fruits, known as "mesquite pods", are dry and often sweet, edible for humans and livestock, and served as a staple food for indigenous peoples in the deserts of North America.
Eteobalea sumptuosella
Eteobalea sumptuosella is a moth of the  family Cosmopterigidae. It is found in the Mediterranean Region from Spain to Turkey, Morocco and Tunisia, Ukraine, southern Russia, the Caucasus, the Middle East, eastwards to Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Afghanistan.

The wingspan is 13–20 millimetres (0.51–0.79 in). Adults are on wing from early June to end of August.

Mediterranean basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean basin (/ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən/ MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən), also known as the Mediterranean region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that mostly have a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.
Feisal Eusoff
Haji Feisal bin Haji Mohammad Eusoff Patail (born 1967) is a Bruneian former footballer who played as a midfielder. After playing for several years in the Malaysian M-League for the Brunei representative team, he was appointed team manager for the Brunei national under-21 football team that won the 2012 Hassanal Bolkiah Trophy at home soil. He was serving as the president of the Football Association of Brunei Darussalam from 2024 until his dismissal on 23 November 2024 by order of His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah.

Due to the uncommon spelling of his name, it was often miswritten as Faisal Yusof in various publications in the past.

Brunei (Liga Premier team)
The Brunei Football Association used to enter a team in Malaysian football competitions. The team won the Malaysia Cup in 1999. The team played at the 35,000-seat Hassanal Bolkiah National Stadium in Bandar Seri Begawan.
The Complete Roost Recordings
The Complete Roost Recordings is a 1997 compilation 3-CD set of sessions led by saxophonist and bandleader Stan Getz recorded for the Roost Records label between 1950 and 1954.
The compilation includes material previously released on Getz's Roost LPs The Sound, The Getz Age, the two volumes of Stan Getz at Storyville and the album with guitarist Johnny Smith - Moonlight in Vermont along with alternate takes and previously unreleased performances.

Johnny Burke (lyricist)
John Francis Burke (October 3, 1908 – February 25, 1964) was an American lyricist, successful and prolific between the 1920s and 1950s. His work is considered part of the Great American Songbook.

His song "Swinging on a Star", from the Bing Crosby film Going My Way, won an Academy Award for Best Song in 1944.
Teoh Yee Chern
Teoh Yee Chern (simplified Chinese: 张宇晨; traditional Chinese: 張宇晨; pinyin: Zhāng Yǔchén; born 1990) is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Astaka from May 2018 to November 2022. He is a member, State Youth Publicity Secretary of Perak and the Division Youth Chief of Lumut of the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition.

Perak State Legislative Assembly
The Perak State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Perak) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Perak. It is composed of 59 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, along with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies.

The Assembly convenes at the Bangunan Perak Darul Ridzuan in the state capital, Ipoh. At 59 seats, it is the largest state assembly among the 11 legislatures of the States of Malaya.
Iminoiodinane
An iminoiodinane (also known as iminoiodane or iodonium imide) is a hypervalent organoiodine compound with the general formula R-IN-R', where R and R' are organic side chains. Usually, R is an aryl group and R' is an electron-withdrawing group such as a sulfonyl group. The most commonly used iminoiodinane is [N-(p-Toluenesulfonyl)imino]phenyliodinane (PhINTs).

Iminoiodinanes are electrophilies and are often used as a source of nitrene in organic synthesis. An iminoiodinane may be represented by its alternate resonance structure, an imidoiodonium ylide.

Electron-withdrawing group
An electron-withdrawing group (EWG) is a group or atom that has the ability to draw electron density toward itself and away from other adjacent atoms. This electron density transfer is often achieved by resonance or inductive effects. Electron-withdrawing groups have significant impacts on fundamental chemical processes such as acid-base reactions, redox potentials, and substitution reactions.
Highway 10 (Jordan)
Highway 10 is the northernmost east–west highway in Jordan. It starts at Karameh Border Crossing, from Freeway 1 on Iraq's border in the east and ends at Shuna al-Shomaliya with a junction with Highway 65 in the west after passing through Mafraq and Irbid.

Karameh Border Crossing
Karameh Border Crossing (Arabic: مركز حدود الكرامة) is the only border crossing between Jordan and Iraq. 
On the Iraqi side it is called the Turaibil Border Compound (Arabic: مجمع طريبيل الحدودي). 
The crossing served about 800,000 travelers in the year 2010 according to Al-Arab Al-Yawm newspaper. It connects the Jordanian town of Ruwaished to the Iraqi town of Turaibil.

The border crossing is about 320 km (199 miles) from Jordan's capital Amman and 575 km (357 miles) from the Iraqi capital Baghdad. On 22 June 2014, the Islamic State of Iraq and Levant assaulted the border crossing and clashed with the Iraqi Army in an attempt to capture the crossing.
Superstar (Pegboard Nerds and Nghtmre song)
"Superstar" is a song by Danish-Norwegian electronic music duo Pegboard Nerds and American DJ Nghtmre featuring American electronic dance music band Krewella. It was released on 27 May 2016 by independent electronic record label Monstercat. Prior to release, the song was premiered during a DJ set by Pegboard Nerds and Krewella at the Avalon Hollywood nightclub in early 2016. The song has since received numerous remixes from various artists including Kandy, Olly, and Aero Chord.

DJ mix
A DJ mix, DJ mixset or DJ set is a sequence of musical tracks typically mixed together by a DJ to appear as one continuous track. DJ mixes are usually performed using a DJ mixer and multiple sounds sources, such as turntables, CD players, digital audio players or computer sound cards, sometimes with the addition of samplers and effects units, although it is possible to create one using sound editing software.

DJ mixing is significantly different from live sound mixing. Remix services were offered beginning in the late 1970s in order to provide music which was more easily beatmixed by DJs for the dancefloor. One of the earliest DJs to refine their mixing skills was DJ Kool Herc. Francis Grasso was the first DJ to use headphones and a basic form of mixing at the New York City nightclub Sanctuary. Upon its release in 2000, Paul Oakenfold's Perfecto Presents: Another World became the biggest-selling DJ mix album in the US.