hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New Journal of Botany
The New Journal of Botany was a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on the native flora of Northern and Western Europe. It also included population and conservation biology, ecological genetics, autecological, physiological, and phenological studies, plant/animal interactions, and plant biochemistry. It was established in 1949 as Watsonia, with the subtitle Journal & Proceedings of the Botanical Society of the British Isles. It was named after the eighteenth-century British botanist Hewett Watson. The journal was renamed New Journal of Botany in 2011 with volume numbering restarting at 1. It was discontinued in 2017. The journal was published by Maney Publishing on behalf of the Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. It was abstracted and indexed in AGRICOLA, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, and Scopus.

Biological Abstracts
Biological Abstracts is a database produced by Clarivate Analytics. It includes abstracts from peer-reviewed academic journal articles in the fields of biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, botany, pre-clinical and experimental medicine, pharmacology, zoology, agriculture, and veterinary medicine, and has been published since 1926.

It can be accessed through a number of services, including EBSCO, Ovid and Web of Science.
Bournvita
Bournvita is a brand of malted and chocolate malt drink mixes manufactured by Cadbury, a subsidiary of Mondelez International. It is sold in the United Kingdom and North America, as well as India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Benin, and Togo. Bournvita was developed in England in the late 1920s and was marketed as a health food. The original recipe included full-cream milk, fresh eggs, malt, edible rennet casein and chocolate.  It was first manufactured and sold in Australia in 1933. Bournvita was discontinued in the UK market in 2008 but has since been reintroduced and is now available in limited supermarkets such as the Co-op. The drink was named by Cadbury which was derived from Bournville, the model village which is the site of the Cadbury factory (Bourn + Vita). It was first sold in India in 1948, the year Cadbury India was established.

Rennet
Rennet (/ˈrɛnɪt/) is a complex set of enzymes produced in the stomachs of ruminant mammals. Its key component is chymosin, a protease enzyme that curdles the casein proteins in milk. Rennet also contains other enzymes such as pepsin and a lipase.

Rennet has traditionally been used to separate milk into solid curds and liquid whey, used in the production of cheeses. Rennet from calves has become less common for this use, to the point that less than 5% of cheese in the United States is made using animal rennet today. Most cheese is now made using chymosin derived from bacterial sources.
Guthrie baronets
There have been three baronetcies created for persons with the surname of Guthrie, one in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.

The Guthrie Baronetcy, of Kingsward in the County of Banff, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia in 1638 for Harry Guthrie. Nothing further is known of this title.

The Guthrie Baronetcy, of Brent Eleigh Hall in the County of Suffolk, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 6 February 1936 for the financier and public servant Connop Guthrie. The second Baronet was Managing Director of Brown, Shipley & Co. and chairman and chief executive of BOAC.

The Guthrie baronets of Craigiebank was created in 1999 and in 2001 was granted supporters for life

Banffshire
Banffshire (/ˈbænfʃər/; Scots: Coontie o Banffshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Bhanbh) is a historic county in Scotland. The county town is Banff, although the largest settlement is Buckie to the west. The historic county ceased to be used for local government purposes in 1975. Since 1996 the area has been split between the Aberdeenshire and Moray council areas. The historic county boundaries of Banffshire are still used for certain functions, being a registration county and lieutenancy area.

It borders the Moray Firth to the north, Moray and Inverness-shire to the west, and Aberdeenshire to the east and south.
Benny Chan (filmmaker)
Benny Chan Muk-sing (simplified Chinese: 陈木胜; traditional Chinese: 陳木勝; Jyutping: can4 muk6 sing3; 24 October 1961 – 23 August 2020) was a Hong Kong filmmaker. He was known for his action crime films which are full of brutal violence, absurd humor and outstanding choreographies.

He was nominated for Best Director six times at the Hong Kong Film Awards, include Big Bullet, Heroic Duo, New Police Story, Connected, The White Storm and Raging Fire. His last film, Raging Fire, posthumously earned him Best Director award at the 40th Hong Kong Film Awards and the film went on to win Best Film award at the ceremony.

Hong Kong Film Awards
The Hong Kong Film Awards (HKFA; Chinese: 香港電影金像獎), founded in 1982, is an annual film awards ceremony in Hong Kong. The ceremonies typically take place in April, and have mostly been held at the Grand Theatre of the Hong Kong Cultural Centre since 1991. The awards recognise achievement in various aspects of filmmaking, such as directing, screenwriting, acting and cinematography. The awards are regarded as the Hong Kong equivalent of the Academy Awards.

The HKFA, incorporated into Hong Kong Film Awards Association Ltd. since December 1993, are currently managed by a board of directors, which consists of representatives from thirteen professional film bodies in Hong Kong. Voting on eligible films for the HKFA is conducted January through March every year and is open to all registered voters, which include local film workers as well as critics, and a selected group of adjudicators.
2006 United States broadcast television realignment
In January 2006, the United States' two "second-tier" television networks, UPN and The WB, announced they would both cease operations on September 15 and September 17 respectively, and their operations would be transferred to a new joint-venture "fifth" network, The CW. Meanwhile, Fox Television Stations (which owned several UPN affiliated stations in large cities that were blocked from affiliating with The CW) signed up with MyNetworkTV, a new "sixth" network owned by then-parent company News Corporation's Fox Entertainment Group.

KOFY-TV
KOFY-TV (channel 20) is a television station licensed to San Francisco, California, United States, serving the San Francisco Bay Area as an affiliate of Merit TV. It is owned by CNZ Communications, LLC, alongside Class A station KCNZ-CD (virtual channel 28) and low-power station KMPX-LD (virtual channel 18). The three stations share transmitter facilities atop San Bruno Mountain. KOFY-TV's studios were previously located on Marin Street in the Bayview–Hunters Point neighborhood of San Francisco until 2018; the station has since maintained space at KGO-TV's studios in the city's North Waterfront district.
Javier Ramírez (entertainer)
Javier Andrés Ramírez Espinosa (born 19 September 1993), commonly known as Javier Ramírez, is a Colombian internet personality, vlogger, actor, presenter and singer. Born in Girardot, Cundinamarca. He has been recognized in Colombia for his commercials on TV, as a presenter, participating in several telenovelas and series, as well as in Colombian films. His most outstanding performance was in the telenovela Mentiras perfectas as Matías Ucross.

He currently has 2 million subscribers on his official YouTube account.

Mentiras perfectas
Mentiras perfectas is a Colombian medical drama television series created by Ryan Murphy that premiered on Caracol Televisión on October 28, 2013, and concluded on January 24, 2014. Produced by Caracol Televisión in co-production with Warner Bros. Television and Teleamazonas. The series is based on the American drama Nip/Tuck created by Ryan Murphy, and it stars Carolina Gómez, Emmanuel Esparza and Michel Brown.
Ivan Plyushch
Ivan Stepanovych Plyushch (Ukrainian: Іван Степанович Плющ; 11 September 1941 – 25 June 2014) was a Ukrainian politician. He thrice served as the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada (parliament of Ukraine), from 9 July to 23 July 1990 (acting), from 5 December 1991 to 11 May 1994, and from 1 February 2000 to 14 May 2002.

Sovkhoz
A sovkhoz was a form of state-owned farm or agricultural enterprise in the Soviet Union.

It is usually contrasted with kolkhoz, which is a collective-owned farm. Just as the members of a kolkhoz were called "kolkhozniks", the workers of a sovkhoz were called "sovkhhozniks".
2022 Massachusetts elections
The 2022 Massachusetts general election was held on November 8, 2022, throughout Massachusetts. Primary elections were held on September 6, 2022.

The election includes:

Federal elections for the US House of Representatives

Statewide elections for governor, lieutenant governor, attorney general, Secretary of the Commonwealth, treasurer, and auditor

District elections for state representatives, state senators, and Governor's Councillors

County elections for sheriff, district attorney, county commissioner (only in certain counties)

Ballot questions at the state and local levels

To register to vote, Massachusetts residents had to register by October 29, 2022.

To vote by mail, registered Massachusetts voters had to request a ballot by November 1, 2022.

Massachusetts State Auditor
The state auditor of Massachusetts is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Twenty-six individuals have occupied the office of state auditor since the office's creation in 1849. The incumbent is Diana DiZoglio, a Democrat.
Speed Age
Speed Age is a former American automobile magazine, which was based in Hyattsville, Maryland. The magazine was in circulation between May 1947 and December 1959. No issues were printed from January through May 1954. There were several "special" issues published. There were also at least two short lived attempts to resurrect Speed Age in later years.

According to Dean Batchelor, The American Hot Rod, Speed Age "knew a lot more about Indianapolis and NASCAR racing than they did about road racing, sports cars, or hot rods, and the publication did its best work when it stuck to its area of expertise".

Sports car
A sports car is a type of automobile that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as handling, acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and racing capability. Sports cars originated in Europe in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world.
Nu Pegasi
ν Pegasi, Latinized as Nu Pegasi is a single star in the northern constellation of Pegasus. It is an orange-hued star that is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.84. The star is located approximately 261 light years away based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −19 km/s.

This is an aging giant star, most likely (94% chance) on the red giant branch, with a stellar classification of K4III. It is a suspected variable, with a magnitude range observed from 4.83 to 4.86. With the supply of hydrogen at its core exhausted, the star has cooled and expanded to 24.6 times the Sun's radius. It is 13% more massive than the Sun and is radiating 149 times the Sun's luminosity from its swollen photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,073 K.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
ECMA-23
ECMA-23 is a standard for a bit-paired keyboard layout adopted in 1969 and revised in 1975. As a bit-paired layout, shifted keys correspond to toggling bits in the ASCII keycode. This is most visible in the digits on the top row, where shifting 6789 give &'(), and ;+, :* and -= are paired.

The ECMA-23 layout has two options, being the same as the ISO 2530 or the ANSI-X4.14 bit-paired layout.

In the UK, ECMA-23 layout keyboards were used on most 8-bit computers such as the Acorn BBC computers and the earlier Atom and Systems, the Amstrad CPC series, and (to an extent) the ZX Spectrum. While bit-paired layouts have generally given way to typewriter layouts, the Japanese keyboard layout still uses one.

Numerical digit
A numerical digit (often shortened to just digit) or numeral is a single symbol used alone (such as "1"), or in combinations (such as "15"), to represent numbers in positional notation, such as the common base 10. The name "digit" originates from the Latin digiti meaning fingers.

For any numeral system with an integer base, the number of different digits required is the absolute value of the base. For example, decimal (base 10) requires ten digits (0 to 9), and binary (base 2) requires only two digits (0 and 1). Bases greater than 10 require more than 10 digits, for instance hexadecimal (base 16) requires 16 digits (usually 0 to 9 and A to F).
Estates General of 1600
The Estates General of 1600 was a parliamentary assembly of representatives of the constituent provinces of the Habsburg Netherlands.

It was the first, and only, estates general of the Netherlands convened under the authority of the Archdukes Albert and Isabella, who arrived in the Low Countries in 1599 as the new sovereigns, Philip II of Spain having bequeathed his territories in the Low Countries to his daughter Isabella as dowry upon her marriage to Albert.

The Estates General were summoned to recognise the sovereign authority of the Archdukes, and to raise taxes to pursue the war with the Dutch rebels.

Albert VII, Archduke of Austria
Albert VII (German: Albrecht VII; 13 November 1559 – 13 July 1621) was the ruling Archduke of Austria for a few months in 1619 and, jointly with his wife, Isabella Clara Eugenia, sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands between 1598 and 1621. Prior to this, he had been a cardinal, Archbishop of Toledo, viceroy of Portugal and  Governor General of the Habsburg Netherlands. He succeeded his brother Matthias as reigning archduke of Lower and Upper Austria, but abdicated in favor of Ferdinand II the same year, making it the shortest (and often ignored) reign in Austrian history.
Internationaler Fernschachbund
The Internationaler Fernschachbund (IFSB) was an international correspondence chess organisation, founded in 1928 and dissolved in 1939. It was superseded in 1945 by the International Correspondence Chess Association (ICCA) and after a restructuring in 1951 adopted the name of the International Correspondence Chess Federation (ICCF).

Marcel Duchamp
Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (UK: /ˈdjuːʃɒ̃/, US: /djuːˈʃɒ̃, djuːˈʃɑːmp/; French: [maʁsɛl dyʃɑ̃]; 28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968) was a French American artist, chess player, and inventor who played a key role in the development of the avant-garde in the United States and in New York City, where he spent the last 25 years of his life.

Duchamp was the first artist to elevate a toilet to the status of an art form. By the time of World War I, he had rejected the work of many of his fellow artists (such as Henri Matisse) as "retinal," intended only to please the eye. Instead, he wanted to use art to serve the mind. He is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, as one of the three artists who helped to establish the post-industrial perspective in art history, and  his work is considered the progenitor of Conceptual art.
Moolack Beach
44°41′59″N 124°03′55″W﻿ / ﻿44.6998382°N 124.0653945°W﻿ / 44.6998382; -124.0653945 
Moolack Beach (also Moolack Shores) is an undeveloped sandy beach on the Oregon Coast about 4 miles (6 km) north of Newport in Lincoln County, United States. It is almost 8 km (5 mi) in length with the south end at Yaquina Head and the north end at Otter Rock, the site of Devils Punch Bowl State Natural Area.  The northern beach is the site of Beverly Beach State Park and the community of Beverly Beach. The beach has no obvious break delineating what would seem to be Beverly Beach, though Wade Creek is a likely candidate. The nearly ten-foot (3-metre) tidal range and seasonally varying slope of the beach can cause the sandy beach to completely disappear at times; at other times it can be hundreds of feet wide. The beach is bounded by U.S. Route 101.

The name is from a Chinook Jargon word for "elk". The area is rich with geologic history.

Lincoln County, Oregon
Lincoln County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,395. The county seat is Newport. The county is named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the United States.

Lincoln County includes the Newport, Oregon Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Little Island (Tasmania)
Little Island is a granite island, with an area of 3 ha, in south-eastern Australia.  It is part of Tasmania’s Sentinel Island Group, lying in eastern Bass Strait off the north-west coast of Flinders Island in the Furneaux Group.

Flinders Island
Flinders Island, the largest island in the Furneaux Group, is a 1,367-square-kilometre (528 sq mi) island in the Bass Strait, northeast of the island of Tasmania. Today Flinders Island is part of the state of Tasmania, Australia. It is 54 kilometres (34 mi) from Cape Portland and is located on 40° south, a zone known as the Roaring Forties.
Esau Schafer
Esau Albert Schafer (born January 16, 1952) is a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Vuntut Gwitchin in the Yukon Legislative Assembly in 1996. He was a member of the Yukon Party.

Schafer was elected to represent the district in a by-election in early 1996, following the death of Johnny Abel in 1995. In the general election later that year, however, Schafer and his New Democrat opponent Robert Bruce ended up tied with exactly 69 votes each, and Bruce was ultimately declared the winner by means of his name being drawn from a hat. Schafer challenged the results in court, and was successful in having the election overturned, but Bruce won the resulting by-election with a clear margin.

Schafer is currently on the council of the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation, having served on that body since 2003.

Vuntut Gwitchin (electoral district)
Vuntut Gwitchin (formerly Old Crow) is a territorial electoral district of Yukon that has been represented in the Yukon Legislative Assembly since 1978.

Being one of Yukon's eight rural ridings, it is the least populated electoral district in any provincial or territorial legislature in Canada, with fewer than 200 total ballots cast in any territorial election to date.

In two elections since the district's creation, two candidates finished in an exact tie; under Yukon election law, a tied vote is settled by drawing lots rather than by reconducting a full by-election.
Andrés Ingi Jónsson
Andrés Ingi Jónsson (born 16 August 1979) is an Icelandic MP, who represented Reykjavík North as a member of the Pirate Party from 2017 to 2024. He was first elected to the Alþingi in 2016 as a member of the Left-Green Movement and again in 2017, later leaving the party in protest.

He has an MA in War, Violence and Security from the University of Sussex and a BA in Philosophy from the University of Iceland. After his studies, he worked as a journalist and a committee secretary for the Constitutional Council.

Pirate Party (Iceland)
The Pirate Party (Icelandic: Píratar, lit. 'Pirates') is a political party in Iceland. The party's platform is based on pirate politics and direct democracy. The party was founded on 24 November 2012 and ran for the first time in the 2013 parliamentary election.
Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (RCPE) is a medical royal college in Scotland. It is one of three organisations that set the specialty training standards for physicians in the United Kingdom. It was established by royal charter in 1681. The college has more than 14,000 fellows and members worldwide, who are entitled to use the post-nominal MRCP (Edin) or FRCP (Edin).

Medical specialty
A medical specialty is a branch of medical practice that is focused on a defined group of patients, diseases, skills, or philosophy. Examples include those branches of medicine that deal exclusively with children (pediatrics), cancer (oncology), laboratory medicine (pathology), or primary care (family medicine). After completing medical school or other basic training, physicians or surgeons and other clinicians usually further their medical education in a specific specialty of medicine by completing a multiple-year residency to become a specialist.
The Peacock Room
Harmony in Blue and Gold: The Peacock Room (better known as The Peacock Room) is a work of interior decorative art created by James McNeill Whistler and Thomas Jeckyll, translocated to the Freer Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., which is part of the Smithsonian's National Museum of Asian Art. Whistler painted the paneled room in a unified palette of blue-greens with over-glazing and metallic gold leaf. Painted between 1876 and 1877, it is now  considered one of the greatest surviving Aesthetic interiors, and the best examples of the Anglo-Japanese style.

Gold leaf
Gold leaf is gold that has been hammered into thin sheets (usually around 0.1 μm thick) by a process known as goldbeating, for use in gilding.

Gold leaf is a type of metal leaf, but the term is rarely used when referring to gold leaf. The term metal leaf is normally used for thin sheets of metal of any color that do not contain any real gold. Gold leaf is available in a wide variety of karats and shades. The most commonly used gold is 23-karat gold.

Traditional water gilding is the most difficult and highly regarded form of gold leafing. It has remained virtually unchanged for hundreds of years and is still done by hand.
Tony Wild
Tony Wild (born in Newcastle-upon-Tyne) was (until March 2017) a Member of the Legislative Council, and thus also of Tynwald Court, in the Isle of Man. He used to be Island Director of Lloyds Banking Group.

He was also an associate member of the Chartered Institute of Bankers, member of the Institute of Directors and former president of the Isle of Man Bankers’ Association and worked in international banking in the Isle of Man and the UK, principally with the Lloyds Banking Group.

On February 28, 2017, his resignation from the council was formally announced during a council meeting.

In November 2019, Wild died at the age of 61.

Walbrook Institute London
Walbrook Institute London is a for-profit provider of apprenticeships, degrees and professional qualifications, with students being members of the LIBF professional body. It is one of five bodies in the UK accredited by the Financial Conduct Authority to maintain professional standards for financial advisors that use its services.

It was spun off in 2023 under the name LIBF from the London Institute of Banking & Finance (which continued its other charitable activities, including the award of Chartered Associate status, under the name of the London Foundation for Banking & Finance) and became a subsidiary of IU Group. LIBF changed its name to the Walbrook Institute London in 2025, with the LIBF brand continuing to be used for professional qualifications.