hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mavelipalaiyam railway station
Mavelipalaiyam railway station (station code: MVPM) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Salem railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a station in Tamil Nadu, India, located between Madudanchavadi and Sankaridurg.

Southern Railway zone
Southern Railway (abbreviated SR) is one of the 18 zones of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at Chennai and operates across the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh and the union territory of Puducherry. It maintains about 5,081 km (3,157 mi) of railway lines and operates 727 railway stations.

The origin of the Southern Railway can be traced back to the mid-19th century. In 1835, the first railway track in India was constructed in Madras and became operational in 1837. The Madras Railway was formally established later in 1845. The Southern Railway was created on 14 April 1950 by merging three state railways, namely, the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway, the South Indian Railway Company, and the Mysore State Railway and became the first railway zone of the Indian Railways.
Housing in India
Housing in India varies from palaces of erstwhile maharajas, to modern apartment buildings in big cities, to tiny huts in far-flung villages. The Human Rights Measurement Initiative finds that India is doing 60.9% of what should be possible at its level of income for the right to housing.
As of 2025, the Indian real estate market is valued at approximately USD 400 billion, with residential real estate comprising the dominant segment. The market is projected to grow to over USD 1 trillion by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) ranging between 9% and 16%, depending on the source.

Right to housing
The right to housing (occasionally right to shelter) is the economic, social and cultural right to adequate housing and shelter. It is recognized in some national constitutions and in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The right to housing is regarded as a freestanding right in the International human rights law which was clearly in the 1991 General Comment on Adequate Housing by the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The aspect of the right to housing under ICESCR include: availability of services, infrastructure, material and facilities; legal security of tenure; habitability; accessibility; affordability; location and cultural adequacy.

The UN Human Settlement Programme is known as UN-HABITAT.

At least 84 states make an explicit reference to housing rights in their constitutions.
Martin Jérôme
Martin Jérôme (November 23, 1850 – July 22, 1936) was an American-born Métis farmer and political figure in Manitoba. He represented Carillon from 1888 to 1895 and from 1900 to 1903 in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba as a Liberal.

Born in Pembina, Minnesota Territory, he was educated at the Collège de Saint-Boniface. In 1871, he married Leocadie Carriere. Jérôme served as the first reeve for the Rural Municipality of De Salaberry. He was elected as an independent Liberal when he ran for reelection to the assembly in 1892 and was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1896.  Jérôme served for several years as a Canadian immigration agent in France and Belgium. He died in St. Boniface.

Carillon (electoral district)
Carillon is a former provincial electoral district in Manitoba, Canada. It was established for the 1886 provincial election, and eliminated with the 1969 election. The constituency was predominantly francophone. Albert Prefontaine and his son Edmond represented Carillon for almost all of the period between 1903 and 1962, serving with a variety of parties.
Kaya identity
The Kaya identity is a mathematical identity that disaggregates the total emission level of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide so that it can be expressed as the product of four calculable factors: human population, GDP per capita, energy intensity (per unit of GDP), and carbon intensity (emissions per unit of energy consumed). It is a concrete form of the more general I = PAT equation relating factors that determine the level of human impact on climate. Although the terms in the Kaya identity would in theory cancel out, it is useful in practice to calculate emissions in terms of more readily available data, namely population, GDP per capita, energy per unit GDP, and emissions per unit energy. It furthermore highlights the elements of the global economy on which one could act to reduce emissions, notably the energy intensity per unit GDP and the emissions per unit energy.

Identity (mathematics)
In mathematics, an identity is an equality relating one mathematical expression A to another mathematical expression B, such that A and B (which might contain some variables) produce the same value for all values of the variables within a certain domain of discourse. In other words, A = B is an identity if A and B define the same functions, and an identity is an equality between functions that are differently defined. For example,   and  are identities. Identities are sometimes indicated by the triple bar symbol ≡ instead of =, the equals sign. Formally, an identity is a universally quantified equality.
Rosen Valley dialect
The Rosen Valley dialect (Slovene: rožansko narečje, rožanščina) is a Slovene dialect in the Carinthian dialect group. It is spoken in the Rosen Valley (German: Rosental, Slovene: Rož) of Austria, west of a line from Villach to Faak am See and east of a line from Sittersdorf and Lake Klopein to Brückl, excluding the Ebriach dialect area to the southeast. Settlements in the dialect area include Wernberg, Köstenberg, Velden am Wörthersee, Ludmannsdorf, Köttmannsdorf, Viktring, Grafenstein, Tainach, and Rosegg (all north of the Drava River), and Sankt Jakob im Rosental, Feistritz im Rosental, Windisch Bleiberg, Ferlach, Zell, and Gallizien (south of the Drava River).

Lake Klopein
Lake Klopein (German: Klopeiner See, Slovene: Klopinjsko jezero) is a lake near the town of Völkermarkt located within the municipality of Sankt Kanzian in Carinthia, Austria. Lake Klopein is the remaining lake of previously larger lake area, which has spanned over today's Kühnsdorf area. With water temperatures reaching 29 °C it is among the warmest lakes in the Alpine region.
Timothy L. Jenkins
Timothy Lionel Jenkins (born December 30, 1938) is an American social and civil rights activist, attorney, educator, and former business and government executive. In the 1960s, he was a co-founder and leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) as well as the National Conference of Black Lawyers (NCBL).

WHUT-TV
WHUT-TV (channel 32) is the secondary PBS member television station in Washington, D.C. The station is owned by Howard University, a historically Black college, and is sister to commercial urban contemporary radio station WHUR-FM (96.3). WHUT-TV's studios are located at the Student Resource Center (Campus Building 54) on the Howard University campus on 4th Street NW, and its transmitter is located in the Tenleytown neighborhood in the northwest quadrant of Washington.

WHUT airs a variety of standard PBS programming, as well as programs produced by Howard University, and international programs focusing on regions such as the Caribbean and Africa.
Mowai
Mowai is a village in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 13 km from Phillaur, 45 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 124 km from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar
Jalandhar (IPA: /d͡ʒəːləndə̀ɾᵊ/) is a city in the state of Punjab in India. With a considerable population, it ranks as the third most-populous city in the state and is the largest city in the Doaba region. Jalandhar lies alongside the historical Grand Trunk Road and is a well-connected junction for both rail and road networks. The National Highway 1 (NH1), crosses Jalandhar, further enhancing its connectivity.
2010–11 LEN Women's Champions' Cup
The 2010–11 LEN Women's Champions' Cup was the 24th edition of the highest-level competition in women's European club water polo. It involved the champions and other top teams from European national leagues and ran from December 2010 to April 2011. The Final Four (semifinals, final, and third place game) took place in Sabadell, Spain.

Final Four host CN Sabadell became the first Spanish team to win the competition beating Orizzonte Catania in the final. Olympiacos CFP and Kinef Kirishi also reached the final Four, with Olympiacos ranking third, while defending champion Vouliagmeni OC was defeated by Orizzonte in the quarter-finals.

NC Vouliagmeni
NO Vouliagmeni or "NOV" (Greek: Ναυτικός Όμιλος Βουλιαγμένης, "NOB" = Nautical Club of Vouliagmeni) is a major aquatic sports club, founded by local sportsmen in 1937 in the seaside resort of Vouliagmeni, Athens, Greece. The club is located on the eastern edge of the Mikro Kavouri peninsula, adjacent to the Astir Palace Hotel and overlooking the bay, town and lake of Vouliagmeni.

The club also takes particular pride in being an "extended family" for all its past and present athletes. Almost all its coaches and sports staff are past club athletes, and members are encouraged to involve their children in club sports from the youngest age possible.
Claude Gray
Claude Gray Jr. (January 25, 1932 – April 28, 2023), nicknamed "The Tall Texan", was an American country music singer and guitar picker best known for his 1960 hit "Family Bible", which has been covered by many different artists. Gray's other hits include a 1961 covers of Bill Brock's "I'll Just Have a Cup of Coffee (Then I'll Go)" and Roger Miller's "My Ears Should Burn (When Fools Are Talked About)" as well as 1966's "I Never Had the One I Wanted".

Alongside artists such as Ray Price, Jim Reeves, Eddy Arnold, Don Gibson and Chet Atkins, Gray was a purveyor of the Nashville sound, embracing the Countrypolitan movement which paved the way for pop-oriented singers in country music and attracted new audiences to the genre.

Eddy Arnold
Richard Edward Arnold (May 15, 1918 – May 8, 2008) was an American country music singer. He was a Nashville sound (country/popular music) innovator of the late 1950s, and scored 147 songs on the Billboard country music charts, second only to George Jones. He sold more than 85 million records. A member of the Grand Ole Opry (beginning 1943) and the Country Music Hall of Fame (beginning 1966), Arnold ranked 22nd on Country Music Television's 2003 list of "The 40 Greatest Men of Country Music."
Eupithecia subtacincta
Eupithecia subtacincta is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in the Himalaya, from Jammu and Kashmir through China to the Russian Far East, Korea and Japan. It is also found from south-east Asia to Borneo.

The wingspan is about 12–15 mm.

Larvae have been reared on Clematis species and have also been reported feeding on Cornus controversa.

Cornus controversa
Cornus controversa (wedding cake tree), syn. Swida controversa, is a species of flowering plant in the dogwood family Cornaceae. It is native to China, Korea, the Himalayas and Japan. It is a deciduous tree growing to 50 ft (15 m), with multiple tiered branches. Flat panicles of white flowers (cymes to 3–7 in (8–18 cm) wide) appear in summer, followed by globose black fruit (drupes to 1⁄2 in (13 mm)). Ovate dark green leaves (3–6 in (8–15 cm) long) are glaucous underneath and turn red-purple in autumn. It is cultivated in gardens and parks in temperate regions.

It is also sometimes referred to as Bothrocaryum controversum (Hemsl.) Pojark when seeds are offered for online sale.

The variety C. controversa 'Variegata' has leaves with cream margins, which turn yellow in autumn, and grows to a lesser size than its parent – typically 25 ft (8 m). It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Isolde Standish
Isolde Standish is an Australian and British academic film theorist who specialises on East Asia (mainly Japan and South Korea). Mostly known for her works on Japanese Cinema, she is currently an Emerita Reader (Professor Emeritus) at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in London, England and teaches Post-War Cinema and the Avant-Garde at the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies. Standish mostly works in Japan, South Korea and the United Kingdom. She has been awarded numerous prizes and grants, including the Ouseley Memorial Scholarship, a Japan Foundation scholarship, an AHRC Research Leave Award and a Leverhulme Trust Major Research Fellowship in 2014.

Film theory
Film theory is a set of scholarly approaches within the academic discipline of film or cinema studies that began in the 1920s by questioning the formal essential attributes of motion pictures; and that now provides conceptual frameworks for understanding film's relationship to reality, the other arts, individual viewers, and society at large. Film theory is not to be confused with general film criticism, or film history, though these three disciplines interrelate. Although some branches of film theory are derived from linguistics and literary theory, it also originated and overlaps with the philosophy of film.
Here Comes the Rain
"Here Comes the Rain" is a song written by Raul Malo and Kostas, and recorded by American country music group The Mavericks. It was released in August 1995 as the first single from the album Music for All Occasions.  The song reached number 22 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and peaked at number 4 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada. It also won The Mavericks the 1996 Grammy Award for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal.

Raul Malo
Raul Francisco Martínez-Malo Jr. (August 7, 1965 – December 8, 2025) was an American singer, songwriter, guitarist and record producer. He was both the lead singer and songwriter of country music band the Mavericks, co-writing many of their singles, as well as Rick Trevino's 2003 single "In My Dreams". After the disbanding of the Mavericks in the early 2000s, Malo pursued a solo career. He also participated from 2001 in the Los Super Seven supergroup. The Mavericks re-formed in 2012 and continued to tour extensively. In 2015, they won the Americana music award for duo/group of the year.
Amiando
Amiando was a startup company for online event management, headquartered in Munich, Germany. Amiando was founded by Felix Haas, Dennis von Ferenczy, Sebastian Bärhold, Armin Bauer, Marc P. Bernegger and Markus Eichinger in Munich in 2006.

The company targeted two main segments of events: Business events (conferences, seminars, corporate events and networking events) and entertainment events (concerts, sports tournaments and parties). Clients were both event organizers as well as event agencies.

XING
XING is a Hamburg-based career-oriented recruiting, job-search and social networking site, operated by New Work SE (until mid-2019 XING SE) and owned mainly by Hubert Burda Media.

The site is primarily focused on the German-speaking market, alongside XING Spain; it competes with the American platform LinkedIn.
Breaking Home Ties (film)
Breaking Home Ties is a 1922 American silent drama film directed by George K. Rolands and Frank N. Seltzer and starring Lee Kohlmar, Rebecca Weintraub and Jane Thomas. It centers on Russian Jewish immigrants in Manhattan's Lower East Side.

The film was believed to be lost, before being rediscovered in Berlin in an archive in the 1980s. The National Center for Jewish Film led the digital restoration of the film over the ensuing decades.

The restored version of the film, with its newly commissioned score, premiered at the New York Jewish Film Festival on 19 January 2025.

National Center for Jewish Film
The National Center for Jewish Film is a non-profit motion picture archive, distributor, and resource center. It houses the largest collection of Jewish-themed film and video outside of Israel.  Its mission is to collect, restore, preserve, catalogue, and exhibit films with artistic and educational value relevant to the Jewish experience, and to disseminate these materials to the widest possible audience.

Founded in 1976 by Miriam Saul Krant, the National Center for Jewish Film (NCJF or the Center) became an independent 501(c)(3) non-profit organization in 1981. The Center is located on the campus of Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts.
Jouko Väänänen
Jouko Antero Väänänen (born September 3, 1950 in Rovaniemi, Lapland) is a Finnish mathematical logician known for his contributions to set theory, model theory, logic and foundations of mathematics. He served as the vice-rector at the University of Helsinki, and a professor of mathematics at the University of Helsinki, as well as a professor of mathematical logic and foundations of mathematics at the University of Amsterdam. He completed his PhD at the University of Manchester under the supervision of Peter Aczel in 1977 with the PhD thesis Applications of Set Theory to Generalized Quantifiers. He was elected to the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters in 2002.
He served as a member of the Senate of the University of Helsinki from 2004 to 2006 and the Treasurer of the European Mathematical Society from 2007 to 2014, as well as the Treasurer of the European Set Theory Society since 2012. Jouko Väänänen received the Magnus Ehrnrooth Foundation Prize in mathematics on April 29, 2024.

European Mathematical Society
The European Mathematical Society (EMS) is a European organization dedicated to the development of mathematics in Europe. Its members are different mathematical societies in Europe, academic institutions and individual mathematicians. The current president is Jan Philip Solovej, professor at the Department of Mathematics at the University of Copenhagen.
Fijian mastiff bat
The Fijian mastiff bat  (Mops bregullae), also known as the Fijian free-tailed bat, is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Fiji and Vanuatu. In 2013, Bat Conservation International listed this species as one of the 35 species of its worldwide priority list of conservation. This species is currently listed as endangered  and considered a species of special concern due to habitat fragmentation and cave disturbance. The Fijian free-tailed bat is endemic to Fiji and Vanuatu. This species was previously documented on the islands of Taveuni and Vanua Levu, current research indicates possible small fragmented populations inhabiting both islands. Only two insectivorous bats occupy Fiji, the Pacific sheath-tailed bat and the Fijian free-tailed bat. Both species consume night flying insects, foraging high above the canopy.

Vanua Levu
Vanua Levu (pronounced [βaˈnua ˈleβu], lit. 'Big Land', Fiji Hindi: वानुआ लेवु), formerly known as Sandalwood Island, is the second largest island of Fiji. Located 64 kilometres (40 miles) to the north of the larger Viti Levu, the island has an area of 5,587.1 square kilometres (2,157.2 sq mi) and a population of approximately 160,000 as of 2022.
Marko Tuomela
Marko Tuomela (born 3 March 1972) is a Finnish former footballer. He is a former international defender who has played for clubs all over the world including Kuusysi Lahti, TPV Tampere, FF Jaro, Tromsø IL, Motherwell (loan), Swindon Town (loan), GIF Sundsvall, Liaoning F.C. and IFK Sundsvall.

FF Jaro
Fotbollsföreningen Jaro (Jakobstads Rostfria), commonly known simply as Jaro, is a Finnish professional football club based in the bilingual town of Jakobstad. The club currently plays in Veikkausliiga, the top tier in Finland.
Peter Nevill
Peter Michael Nevill (born 13 October 1985) is an Australian former cricketer who played 17 Tests and 9 T20 internationals for Australia. He also represented New South Wales and the Melbourne Stars, having previously played for the Melbourne Renegades and the Sydney Sixers. He was Australia's regular Test wicket-keeper from the second test of 2015 Ashes series until being dropped in November 2016. He made his Twenty20 International debut for Australia against South Africa on 4 March 2016. He retired in April 2022.

Sydney Sixers
The Sydney Sixers, stylised as the Sydney 6ers, is an Australian men's professional franchise cricket team that compete in Australia's domestic Twenty20 (T20) cricket competition, the Big Bash League (BBL). Along with the Sydney Thunder, their competition rivals, the Sixers are the successors of the New South Wales Blues who played in the now-defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash. The Sixers play at the Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG) in Moore Park. The teams inaugural coach was Trevor Bayliss, who was replaced in 2015 by current coach Greg Shipperd. Since the inaugural 2011–12 Big Bash League season, the Sixers have won three titles and appeared in seven finals.
Konstantinos Floros (politician)
Konstantinos Floros (born 9 March 1991) is a Greek independent Member of Parliament. He was first elected MP for Larissa with the Spartans in the elections of 25 June 2023.

Of Livadeia origin, born, raised and living in Athens. Until his election he worked in the telecommunications network sector in large private companies.  He has been politically active since his student days, taking part in mobilizations such as anti-austerity movement in Greece, in favor of "no" in the 2015 Greek bailout referendum, against Prespa Agreement, against compulsory vaccinations, etc.

Two criminal prosecutions have been brought against Konstantinos Floros, the trial of which is ongoing.

Trial
In law, a trial is a coming together of parties to a dispute, to present information (in the form of evidence) in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to adjudicate claims or disputes. One form of tribunal is a court. The tribunal, which may occur before a judge, jury, or other designated trier of fact, aims to achieve a resolution to their dispute.
The Promised Land (miniseries)
The Promised Land (French: Les Brûlés) is a Canadian historical drama television miniseries by the National Film Board of Canada. It was first broadcast in 1957 on Radio-Canada, then dubbed into English and adapted for broadcast by CBC Television as a four-part series in 1962. The NFB now classifies it as a feature film.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
Father and Son (Raban book)
Father and Son is a 2023 memoir by writer Jonathan Raban, published by Knopf, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House. The memoir details Raban's 2011 stroke as well as his protracted recovery after the event, as well as his father's exploits as a British officer in World War II. The book was posthumously released in 2023 after Raban's death earlier in the same year.

Alfred A. Knopf
Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. (/knɒpf/) is an American publishing house that was founded by Blanche Knopf and Alfred A. Knopf Sr. in 1915. Blanche and Alfred traveled abroad regularly and were known for publishing European, Asian, and Latin American writers in addition to leading American literary trends. It was acquired by Random House in 1960, and is now part of the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group division of Penguin Random House which is owned by the German conglomerate Bertelsmann.

The Knopf publishing house is associated with the borzoi logo in its colophon, which was designed by co-founder Blanche Knopf in 1925.