hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nottingham Brewery
Nottingham Brewery, is a microbrewery located in Nottingham, England. The name Nottingham Brewery refers to two different breweries in the Nottingham area. The first was established in 1847 and situated on Mansfield Road, next door to The Rose of England public house. The Brewery was demolished to make for York House, which itself was demolished in 2016. The current brewery was established in 2001 in Radford.

Radford, Nottingham
Radford is an inner-city area of Nottingham and former civil parish in the Nottingham district, in the ceremonial county of Nottinghamshire, England, located just outside the city centre. The appropriate ward of the City of Nottingham Council is Radford and Park which, in 2011, had a population of 21,414. It is bounded to the south by Lenton and to the east by Nottingham city centre, and comprises around 600 acres (240 ha) of land.
Oetomo Ramelan
Raden Oetomo Ramelan (Republican Spelling: Utomo Ramelan, Javanese: ꦲ꦳ꦸꦠꦺꦴꦩꦺꦴ​ꦬꦩꦼꦭꦤ꧀, translit. Hutomo Ramelan; 9 January 1919 – c.1967) was a former Mayor of Surakarta who served from 17 February 1958 to 23 October 1965. He was known as the only Mayor of Surakarta who came from the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI). Oetomo was sentenced to death by the Extraordinary Military Court (Mahmilub) on 22 June 1967, and shortly after that, he most likely faced execution.

Communist Party of Indonesia
The Communist Party of Indonesia (Indonesian: Partai Komunis Indonesia, Indonesian pronunciation: ['partaɪ koˈmunɪs indo'nesija], PKI, [ˈpekai̯]) was a communist party in the Dutch East Indies and later Indonesia. It was the largest non-ruling communist party in the world before its violent disbandment in 1965. The party had two million members in the 1955 elections, with 16 percent of the national vote and almost 30 percent of the vote in East Java. At the time, it was the largest communist party in the world after the Chinese and Soviet communist parties.

During most of the period immediately following the Indonesian Independence until the eradication of the PKI in 1965, it was a legal party operating openly in the country. Accused of responsibility for the 1965 army-led coup attempt, the party was banned by General Suharto in March 1966 and its members were violently purged.
Ellipsoidal dome
An ellipsoidal dome is a dome (also see geodesic dome), which has a bottom cross-section which is a circle, but has a cupola whose curve is an ellipse.

There are two types of ellipsoidal domes: prolate ellipsoidal domes and oblate ellipsoidal domes. A prolate ellipsoidal dome is derived by rotating an ellipse around the long axis of the ellipse; an oblate ellipsoidal dome is derived by rotating an ellipse around the short axis of the ellipse.

Of small note, in reflecting telescopes the mirror is usually elliptical, so has the form of a "hollow" ellipsoidal dome.

The Jameh Mosque of Yazd has an ellipsoidal dome.

Jameh Mosque of Yazd
The Jāmeh Mosque of Yazd (Persian: مسجد جامع یزد, romanized: Masjid-e-Jāmeh Yazd; Arabic: جامع يزد) is a Friday mosque (jāmeh) located in the city of Yazd, in the province of Yazd, Iran. Built on the site of a 9th-century CE fire temple, the mosque was completed during the 14th and 15th century CE and renovated in subsequent years. Between 1982 and 2005 the mosque was depicted on the obverse of the Iranian 200 rial banknote. The mosque has served as the spiritual center of Yazd for centuries, and is renowned for its complete display of architectural motifs from Medieval Persian dynasties as well as Zoroastrian and Muslim coexistence in the city of Yazd.

The mosque was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 22 July 1934, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran. The mosque, along with other monuments in Yazd, was inscribed as a UNESCO world heritage site in 2017.
Lagh Doss
Lagh Doss (also known as Lago d'Osso) is a lake at San Bernardino in the Val Mesolcina of the Grisons, Switzerland. It is located at an elevation of 1652 m. The site is listed in the Federal Inventory of Raised and Transitional Bogs of National Importance.

Valle Mesolcina
The Valle Mesolcina, also known as the Val Mesolcina or Misox (German), is an alpine valley of the Grisons, Switzerland, stretching from the San Bernardino Pass to Grono where it joins the Calanca Valley. It is the valley formed by the river Moesa.

Like the Val Bregaglia or the Val Poschiavo, the Valle Mesolcina is a valley lying south of the main ridge of the Alps. Although politically the Valle Mesolcina belongs to the Grisons, its population is predominantly Italian-speaking and culturally oriented towards the Ticino.

The valley includes the Mesocco and Roveredo  of the Moesa district, including:

Mesocco

Soazza

Lostallo

Verdabbio

Cama

Leggia

Grono

Roveredo

San Vittore
Epigenetics of cocaine addiction
Cocaine addiction is the compulsive use of cocaine despite adverse consequences. It arises through epigenetic modification (e.g., through HDAC, sirtuin, and G9a) and transcriptional regulation (primarily through ΔFosB's AP-1 complex) of genes in the nucleus accumbens.

Retrotransposon
Retrotransposons (also called Class I transposable elements) are mobile elements which move in the host genome by converting their transcribed RNA into DNA through reverse transcription. Thus, they differ from Class II transposable elements, or DNA transposons, in utilizing an RNA intermediate for the transposition and leaving the transposition donor site unchanged.

Through reverse transcription, retrotransposons amplify themselves quickly to become abundant in eukaryotic genomes such as maize (49–78%) and humans (42%). They are only present in eukaryotes but share features with retroviruses such as HIV, for example, discontinuous reverse transcriptase-mediated extrachromosomal recombination.

There are two main types of retrotransposons, long terminal repeats (LTRs) and non-long terminal repeats (non-LTRs). Retrotransposons are classified based on sequence and method of transposition. Most retrotransposons in the maize genome are LTR, whereas in humans they are mostly non-LTR.
Laona-Akamas
Laona–Akamas is a geographical and cultural region located in the northwestern part of Cyprus, within the Paphos District. It consists of the highland villages of the Laona Plateau and the ecologically rich Akamas Peninsula. The area is known for its traditional stone-built villages, winemaking heritage, biodiversity, and natural beauty. The Laona–Akamas region is a culturally rich and environmentally significant area located in the northwestern part of Cyprus, primarily within the Paphos District. It comprises a network of traditional villages, vineyards, and natural landscapes, extending from the Laona Plateau inland toward the Akamas Peninsula, a protected Natura 2000 site.

Kato Arodes
Kato Arodes (Greek: Κάτω Αρόδες) is a village in the North West of Cyprus close to the Akamas peninsula.  It is about 23 km from the town of Paphos.

In 1975 (a year after the Turkish invasion of Cyprus), Kato Arodes was abandoned and many of the buildings fell into disrepair. Some houses have now been renovated and made into holiday homes on the provision they be returned to their rightful owners in case of a settlement in the Cyprus dispute. Most residents of Kato Arodes moved to Kapouti (known as Kalkanli by Turkish Cypriots) to the north of the island.
NordPass
NordPass is a proprietary password manager launched in 2019. It allows its users to organize their passwords and secure notes by keeping them in a single encrypted vault. NordPass, which operates on a freemium business model, was developed by the VPN service NordVPN.

NordPass is available natively on Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS, as well as via browser extensions for web browsers.

NordVPN
NordVPN is a Lithuanian VPN service founded in 2012. NordVPN is developed by Nord Security (formerly Nordsec Ltd), a cybersecurity software company that was initially supported by Tesonet, a Lithuanian startup accelerator and business incubator. NordVPN states it operates in Panama, but Nord Security is incorporated in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Its offices are located in Lithuania, the United Kingdom, Panama, and the Netherlands.

The service has applications for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS, Android TV, and tvOS. Manual setup is available for wireless routers, NAS devices, and other platforms.
Tanambao Besakay
Tanambao Besakay is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ambatondrazaka, which is a part of Alaotra-Mangoro Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 10,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 94% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 5% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are peanuts, beans and cassava.  Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

Alaotra-Mangoro
Alaotra-Mangoro is a region in eastern Madagascar. It borders Sofia Region in north, Analanjirofo in northeast, Atsinanana in east, Vakinankaratra in southwest, Analamanga in west and Betsiboka in northwest. The capital of the region is Ambatondrazaka, and the population was 1,255,514 in 2018. The area of the region is 31,948 km2 (12,335 sq mi).
Claude Toovey
Claude Henry St Leonard Toovey (24 November 1896 – 28 January 1978) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

In 1923, Toovey was captain coach of South Ballarat Football Club, who lost the grand final by one point to Ballarat Football Club.

In 1923, Toovey was named the Ballarat FL's champion player by The Ballarat Star newspaper.

In 1924, Toovey continued on as captain-coach of South Ballarat on a Saturday and then also accepted a position as coach of Birchip Football Club in the Wimmera Football League, as they play on a Wednesday.

Toovey went onto captain-coach Nhill Football Club in 1928.

Ballarat Football Club
The Ballarat Football Netball Club, nicknamed the Swans, is an Australian rules football and netball club. The football squad currently competes in the Ballarat Football League in the Ballarat region of Victoria, Australia. Ballarat has won more senior football premierships in the Ballarat Football Netball League than any other competing club, with a total of 19 senior football premierships.

The club was established on 20 May 1860, making it the 3rd oldest continually operating football club in Australia, behind Melbourne (May 1859) and Geelong (July 1859).
James Hamilton Stanhope
James Hamilton Stanhope (1788 – 5 March 1825) was a British Army officer who fought in the Peninsular War and at the Battle of Waterloo. He was a Member of Parliament for Buckingham, 1817–1818, Fowey, 1818–1819, and Dartmouth, 1822–1825.

Dartmouth (UK Parliament constituency)
Dartmouth, also sometimes called Clifton, Dartmouth and Hardness, was a parliamentary borough in Devon which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons in 1298 and to the House of Commons of England, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom from 1351 until 1832, and then one member from 1832 until 1868, when the borough was disfranchised.
Policy Issues
Policy Issues  is a series of online peer-reviewed articles published by the Agricultural & Applied Economics Association (AAEA). Each article presents a short analysis and discussion focusing on timely policy issues targeted for those in public and private sector decision-making roles that have a stake in the national issues addressed. It is currently one of three outreach products offered by AAEA, along with the online policy magazine Choices and the forthcoming Shared Materials section of the AAEA Web site.

Outreach
Outreach is the activity of providing services to any population that might not otherwise have access to those services. A key component of outreach is that the group providing it is not stationary, but mobile; in other words, it involves meeting someone in need of an outreach service at the location where they are. Compared with traditional service providers, outreach services are provided closer to where people may reside, efforts are very often voluntary, and have fewer, if any, enforceable obligations. In addition to delivering services, outreach has an educational role, raising the awareness of existing services. It includes identification of under-served populations and service referral and the use of outreach tools like leaflets, newsletters, advertising stalls and displays, and dedicated events. Outreach is often meant to fill in the gap in the services provided by mainstream (often governmental) services, and is often carried out by non-profit, nongovernmental organizations.
Ponoviče
Ponoviče (pronounced [pɔnɔˈʋiːtʃɛ]; German: Ponowitsch) is a settlement along the left bank of the Sava River in the Municipality of Litija in central Slovenia. The railway line from Ljubljana to Zidani Most runs through the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region. The settlement includes the hamlets of Mačkovina and Smrekarica.

Zidani Most
Zidani Most (pronounced [ˈziːdani ˈmoːst]; German: Steinbrück) is a settlement in the Municipality of Laško in eastern Slovenia. It lies at the confluence of the Sava and Savinja rivers. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region. It is an important railway station and junction.
Jimmy Williams (baseball manager)
James Andrew Williams (January 4, 1847 – October 23, 1918) was an American manager in Major League Baseball for three seasons.  He managed the St. Louis Browns in 1884, and the Cleveland Blues in 1887 and 1888.  He had a career win–loss record of 110–169 in 282 games managed.

Williams died in Westbury, New York, at the age of 71, and is interred Green Lawn Cemetery in Columbus, Ohio.

Winning percentage
In sports, a winning percentage or Copeland score is the fraction of games or matches a team or individual has won. The statistic is commonly used in standings or rankings to compare teams or individuals. It is defined as wins divided by the total number of matches played (i.e. wins plus draws plus losses). A draw counts as a 1⁄2 win.
The Fosters season 5
The fifth and final season of The Fosters premiered on July 11, 2017. The season consisted of 22 episodes and stars Teri Polo and Sherri Saum as Stef Foster and Lena Adams, an interracial lesbian couple, who have adopted a girl (Maia Mitchell) and her younger brother (Hayden Byerly) while also trying to juggle raising Latino twin teenagers (Cierra Ramirez and Noah Centineo) and Stef's biological son (David Lambert). Danny Nucci also returns as Mike Foster in a recurring role.

Teri Polo
Theresa Elizabeth Polo (born June 1, 1969) is an American actress. She starred as Pamela Martha Focker in the Meet the Parents franchise, Helen Santos in The West Wing, Christine Daaé in Phantom of the Opera (1990), and played the role of police officer Stef Adams Foster in the Freeform series The Fosters (2013–2018) and its spinoff Good Trouble (2019–2024).
Laothoe populeti
Laothoe populeti is a species of moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found from eastern Turkey and Armenia, through north-eastern Iraq, the Iranian plateau and the central Asian republics of Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and north-western China.

The wingspan is 70–120 mm.

There are probably two generations per year. Adults have been recorded from April to May and again from July to August.

The larvae feed on Populus and Salix species.

Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (/ˈpɒplər/ ⓘ), aspen, and cottonwood.

The western balsam poplar (P. trichocarpa) was the first tree to have its full DNA code determined by DNA sequencing, in 2006.
Richard Childress
Richard Reed Childress (born September 21, 1945) is an American former race car driver in  NASCAR. Childress is the owner of Richard Childress Racing (RCR). In 2004, he opened a vineyard in the Yadkin Valley AVA near Lexington. Childress sat on the board of directors at the National Rifle Association of America until 2019. Childress has been a co-owner of the Professional Bull Riders' Carolina Cowboys team since 2022.

Lexington, North Carolina
Lexington is a city in and the county seat of Davidson County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 19,632. It is located in central North Carolina, 20 miles (32 km) south of Winston-Salem. Lexington is part of the Piedmont Triad region of the state.

Lexington has been noted as one of America's top four best cities for barbecue by U.S. News & World Report. The City calls itself the "Barbecue Capital of the World", and it hosts the annual Lexington Barbecue Festival.

Lexington, Thomasville, and the rural areas surrounding them are slowly developing as residential bedroom communities for nearby cities such as Winston-Salem, Greensboro, High Point and, to a lesser extent, Charlotte and its northeastern suburbs.
Muntean
Muntean is a Romanian language surname.  (Romanian pronunciation: [munˈte̯an]). When transliterated from Russian, it may be spelled as Muntyan.  
It is commonly found in Romania and Moldova and literally translates as "highlander".

Notable people with the name include:

Andrei Muntean (born 1993), Romanian artistic gymnast

Iurie Muntean (born 1972), Moldovan politician

Markus Muntean (born 1962), Austrian artist

Paul Muntean (born 1984), Romanian bobsledder

Petru Muntean, Moldovan politician

Radu Muntean (born 1971), Romanian film director and screenwriter

Victoria Muntean (born 1997), French tennis player

Volodymyr Muntyan (1946–2025), Soviet footballer

Victoria Muntean
Victoria Muntean (born 23 January 1997) is a French professional tennis player.

Muntean has a career-high WTA singles ranking of 435, attained on 27 June 2016, and a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 381, reached on 29 August 2022. She has won three singles titles and six doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
A Little Bit of Her Love
"A Little Bit of Her Love" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Robert Ellis Orrall.  It was released in February 1993 as the second single from the album Flying Colors.  The song reached #31 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.  The song was written by Orrall and Lonnie Wilson.

Robert Ellis Orrall
Robert Ellis Orrall (born May 4, 1955) is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. Signed to RCA Records in 1980, Orrall debuted that year with the album "Fixation". His first Top 40 single was "I Couldn't Say No", a duet with Carlene Carter. By 1990, Orrall had found success as a songwriter, having penned Number One singles for Shenandoah and Clay Walker. He returned to RCA in 1991 and charted the singles "Boom! It Was Over" (#19) and "A Little Bit of Her Love" (#31), from his first country music album, Flying Colors. Orrall then joined frequent songwriting partner Curtis Wright in the CMA-nominated duo Orrall & Wright, recording one more album and charting two singles. They split up in 1994, however, and Orrall returned to his solo career, writing singles for Reba McEntire, Taylor Swift, and Lindsay Lohan, as well as producing records for Swift, Be Your Own Pet,  and Love and Theft. He also performs and records as an indie rock musician in the band Monkey Bowl.
Ammonium hexafluorophosphate
Ammonium hexafluorophosphate is the inorganic compound with the formula NH4PF6. It is a white water-soluble, hygroscopic solid. The compound is a salt consisting of the ammonium cation and hexafluorophosphate anion. It is commonly used as a source of the hexafluorophosphate anion, a weakly coordinating anion. It is prepared by combining neat ammonium fluoride and phosphorus pentachloride. Alternatively it can also be produced from phosphonitrilic chloride:

PCl5 + 6 NH4F → NH4PF6 + 5 NH4Cl

PNCl2 + 6 HF → NH4PF6 + 2 HCl

Phosphorus pentachloride
Phosphorus pentachloride is the chemical compound with the formula PCl5. It is one of the most important phosphorus chlorides/oxychlorides, others being PCl3 and POCl3. PCl5 finds use as a chlorinating reagent. It is a colourless, water-sensitive solid, although commercial samples can be yellowish and contaminated with hydrogen chloride.
Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Germany
Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Germany (German: Revolution und Konterrevolution in Deutschland) is a book by Friedrich Engels, with contributions by Karl Marx. Originally a series of articles in the New York Daily Tribune published from 1851 to 1852 under Marx's byline, the material was first published in book form under the editorship of Eleanor Marx Aveling in 1896. It was not until 1913 that Engels' authorship was publicly known although some new editions continued to appear incorrectly listing Marx as the author as late as 1971.

Byline
The byline (or by-line in British English) on a newspaper or magazine article gives the name of the writer of the article. Bylines are commonly placed between the headline and the text of the article, although some magazines (notably Reader's Digest) place bylines at the bottom of the page to leave more room for graphical elements around the headline.

Dictionary.com defines a byline as "a printed line of text accompanying a news story, article, or the like, giving the author's name".
Nintendo La Rivista Ufficiale
Nintendo La Rivista Ufficiale (from Italian: Nintendo The Official Magazine), also known by the acronym NRU, was the Italian edition of Official Nintendo video game magazine, specializing in all Nintendo video game consoles and handheld gaming platforms. The magazine featured previews, reviews, and cheat codes for Nintendo games.

Video game journalism
Video game journalism (or video game criticism) is a branch of journalism concerned with the reporting and discussion of video games, typically based on a core "reveal–preview–review" cycle. With the prevalence and rise of independent media online, online publications and blogs have grown.
Arzei HaBira
Arzei Habira (Hebrew: ארזי הבירה) is a Haredi neighborhood in Jerusalem. It is bordered by Ma'alot Dafna to the north, Shmuel HaNavi to the west, Beit Yisrael to the south, and Road 1 and Sheikh Jarrah to the east.

Highway 60 (Israel–Palestine)
Highway 60 or (Hebrew: כביש שישים, Kvish Shishim; Arabic: الطريق السريع ستين at-Tariq as-Sarie Sitiin) is a south–north intercity road in Israel and the Palestinian West Bank that stretches from Beersheba to Nazareth.
Daniil Sulimov
Daniil Yegorovich Sulimov (Russian: Даниил Егорович Сулимов; 3 January 1891 [O.S. 22 December 1890] – 27 November 1937) was a Soviet-Russian statesman who was the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR from 1930 to 1937, the equivalent to Premier or Prime Minister.

He was arrested and executed during the Great Purge.

He was posthumously rehabilitated on 17 March 1956.

Soviet people
The Soviet people (Russian: сове́тский наро́д, romanized: sovetsky narod) were the citizens and nationals of the Soviet Union. This demonym was presented in the ideology of the country as the "new historical unity of peoples of different nationalities" (новая историческая общность людей различных национальностей).