hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Knutna nävar
Knutna nävar was a communist progg band from Gothenburg, Sweden. They were active during the 1970s.

Some of their works are Swedish renditions of classical left-wing songs such as "The Internationale" and "Whirlwinds of Danger". In addition, some of the melodies for their works are inspired by other songs with alternative lyrics such as their song "Strejken på Arendal" whose melody is inspired by the American folk song "John Hardy "

The Internationale
"The Internationale" is an international anthem that has been adopted as the anthem of various anarchist, communist, socialist and social democratic movements. It has been a standard of the socialist movement since the late nineteenth century, when the Second International adopted it as its official anthem. The title arises from the "First International", an alliance of workers, which held a congress in 1864. The author of the anthem's lyrics, Eugène Pottier, a member of the French branch of the organisation, attended this congress. Pottier's text was later set to an original melody composed by Pierre De Geyter, a member of the Parti ouvrier français (French Workers Party) in Lille in industrial northern France.
Jean Boghossian
Jean Boghossian (/bəˈɡoʊziən/; born 1949) is a Belgian-Lebanese artist, sculptor, and painter of Armenian descent. He is one of the few artists globally who experiment by applying fire and smoke to his works.

57th Venice Biennale
The 57th Venice Biennale was an international contemporary art exhibition held between May and November 2017. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Artistic director Christine Macel, the chief curator at the Centre Pompidou, curated its central exhibition, "Viva Arte Viva", as a series of interconnected pavilions designed to reflect art's capacity for expanding humanism. The curator also organized a project, "Unpacking My Library", based on a Walter Benjamin essay, to list artists' favorite books. Macel was the first French director since 1995 and the fourth woman to direct the Biennale. A trend of presenting overlooked, rediscovered, or "emerging dead artists" was a theme of the 57th Biennale.
Orange-collared manakin
The orange-collared manakin (Manacus aurantiacus) is a passerine bird in the manakin family. It is an endemic resident breeder in Costa Rica and western Panama, where it is found in forests, secondary growth and plantations. It is a small, plump bird about 10 centimetres (4 in) long. Males have a black crown, mid back, wings and tail and an olive-green rump.  The rest of the head, neck, breast and upper back are orange, and the belly is yellow. Females are olive-green with yellow underparts and resemble female white-collared manakins. At breeding time, males are involved in lekking behaviour on the forest floor. This is a fairly common species with a somewhat restricted range, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".

Manakin
The manakins are a family, Pipridae, of small suboscine passerine birds. The group contains 55 species distributed through the American tropics. The name is from Middle Dutch mannekijn "little man" (also the source of the different bird name mannikin).
Capilla del Señor Historic Train
The Capilla del Señor Historic Train was a heritage railway of Buenos Aires Province in Argentina. The service ran trains pulled by steam locomotives between the cities of Buenos Aires (departing from Federico Lacroze terminal in Chacarita) and Capilla del Señor, covering a distance of 86 km (53 mi). Trains ran on 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) tracks originally built by the Buenos Aires Central Railway and currently part of General Urquiza Railway since the railway nationalisation of 1948.

The service operated only on Sundays.

Railway nationalisation in Argentina
The railway nationalisation in Argentina occurred on 1 March 1948, during President Juan Perón's first term of office, when the seven British- and three French-owned railway companies then operating in Argentina were purchased by the state. These companies, together with those that were already state-owned, where grouped, according to their track gauge and locality, into a total of six state-owned companies which later became divisions of the state-owned holding company Ferrocarriles Argentinos.
C J Edwards Chambers
C J Edwards Chambers is a heritage-listed riparian office building at 174 Quay Street, Rockhampton, Rockhampton Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Edwin Morton Hockings and built in 1914. It is also known as River Motors Pty Ltd, Rockhampton Motors Garage and Engineers, and Sydney V Golik and Co Motor and Car Truck Dealers. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Fitzroy River (Queensland)
The Fitzroy River (Darumbal: Toonooba) is a river in Central Queensland, Australia. Its catchment covers an area of 142,665 square kilometres (55,083 sq mi), making it the largest river catchment flowing to the eastern coast of Australia.  It is also the largest river basin that discharges onto the Great Barrier Reef.
Yellow-throated sandgrouse
The yellow-throated sandgrouse (Pterocles gutturalis) is a bird species of the family Pteroclidae.  The species common name is derived from the male's distinctive yellow throat. It is found in arid and semi-arid environments and inhabits regions distributed across 10 different African countries. Two subspecies are accepted, P. g. saturatior and P. g. gutturalis. The yellow-throated sandgrouse is listed as Near Threatened in the South African regional assessment but regarded as Least Concerned globally.

Near-threatened species
A near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as that may be vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, but it does not currently qualify for the threatened status.

The IUCN notes the importance of reevaluating near-threatened taxa at appropriate intervals.

The rationale used for near-threatened taxa usually includes the criteria of vulnerable which are plausible or nearly met, such as reduction in numbers or range. Those designated since 2001 that depend on conservation efforts to not become threatened are no longer separately considered conservation-dependent species.
Gura Ocniței oil field
The Gura Ocniței oil field is a giant oil field located in Gura Ocniței, Dâmbovița County. It was discovered in 1900 and developed by Petrom. It began production in 1905 and produces oil. The total proven reserves of the Gura Ocniței oil field are around 1.87 billion barrels (255 million tonnes), and production is centered on 64,000 barrels per day (10,200 m3/d). The oil field located in Gura Ocniței is the largest in Romania and produced around 1 billion barrels since its commercial opening.

Giant oil and gas fields
The world's 932 giant oil and gas fields are considered those with 500 million barrels (79,000,000 m3) of ultimately recoverable oil or gas equivalent. Geoscientists believe these giants account for 40 percent of the world's petroleum reserves. They are clustered in 27 regions of the world, with the largest clusters in the Persian Gulf and Western Siberian basin. The past three decades reflect declines in discoveries of giant fields. The years 2000–11 reflect an upturn in discoveries and appears on track to be the third best decade for discovery of giant oil and gas fields in the 150-year history of modern oil and gas exploration.

Recent work in tracking giant oil and gas fields follows the earlier efforts of the late exploration geologist Michel T. Halbouty, who tracked trends in giant discoveries from the 1960s to 2004.
2011 FIA WTCC Race of Brazil
The 2011 FIA WTCC Race of Brazil was the opening round of the 2011 World Touring Car Championship season and the sixth running of the FIA WTCC Race of Brazil. It was held at the Autódromo Internacional de Curitiba near Curitiba, Brazil on 20 March 2011. This was the first race for the new FIA 1.6T world engine formula.

Both races were won by Chevrolet RML with Robert Huff winning race one and Alain Menu winning race two.

Rob Huff
Robert Peter Huff (born 25 December 1979) is a British racing driver currently competing in the British Touring Car Championship for Toyota Gazoo Racing UK. He was the 2012 World Touring Car Championship champion and the 2020 Scandinavian Touring Car Championship champion.
Barton, Gloucestershire
Barton is a village in Gloucestershire, on the River Windrush, near Naunton. It appears in written records as Berton as early as 1287. The manor was acquired by the Knights Templar of Temple Guiting; in 1558 it was held by Maurice Rodney. In 1779 it was recorded as consisting of 7 houses and 44 inhabitants. At the beginning of the nineteenth century the manor was held by William Raikes of London and John Inglett-Fortescue of Dawlish, Devon.

River Windrush
The River Windrush is a tributary of the River Thames in central England. It rises near Snowshill in Gloucestershire and flows south east for 65 km (40 mi) via Burford and Witney to meet the Thames at Newbridge in Oxfordshire.

The river gives its name to the village of Windrush in Gloucestershire.
Jozef Štafura
Jozef Štafura (born 11 September 1948 in Pavlovce nad Uhom, Czechoslovakia) is a former Slovak football midfielder who played for Strážske and mostly for VSS Košice (1969–80). He played overall 251 games and scored 26 goals during his ten seasons at the Czechoslovak First League. He was a part of the legendary VSS midfield from the 1970s, including trio Štafura – Daňko – Pollák.

On 2 May 1973, Štafura made his only appearance for the Czechoslovakia national football team in a 1–1 away draw against Denmark at the 1974 FIFA World Cup qualification.

After his playing career he was an assistant coach of 1. FC Košice and the Slovakia national under-21 football team (1993–97) alongside Milan Lešický.

Pavlovce nad Uhom
Pavlovce nad Uhom (Romani: Pavlovcis, Hungarian: Pálóc) is a village and municipality in the Michalovce of the Košice Region of Eastern Slovakia. Pavlovce sits on the south bank of the Uzh River (Slovak: Uh), and is located about 8 km (5.0 mi) west of the border with Ukraine. The village has existed since at least the Late Middle Ages, appearing in historical records as early as 1327. As of 2021, Pavlovce was reported to have a population of 4,620 people.
The Bones of Lazarus
The Bones of Lazarus (Back Channel Press, 2012) is a novel by John Derhak. Originally a short story that appeared in Chill Your Cockles (2008), The Bones of Lazarus  is also the title of a song by the rock band, moe., from the 2012 studio album, What Happened to the La Las. The song was named in recognition of the novel.

Moe (band)
Moe (stylized as moe.) is an American jam rock band, formed at the University at Buffalo in 1989. The band members are Rob Derhak (bass, vocals), Al Schnier (guitar, vocals, keyboard), Chuck Garvey (guitar, vocals), Vinnie Amico (drums), Jim Loughlin (percussion) and Nate Wilson (keyboard).

The band's first record, Fatboy (1992), established the band as a favorite of the 1990s jam band and improvisational rock scene, which grew in popularity with the rise of bands such as Phish and Widespread Panic.

Moe toured with the Furthur Festival in 1997, appeared at Woodstock '99, played Summerstage at the Rumsey Playfield in Central Park, opened for The Allman Brothers and The Who, performed at Radio City Music Hall on New Year's Eve 2006 and returned there for New Year's Eve 2007. They have also performed at Bonnaroo Music Festival five times (2002, 2003, 2004, 2006, and 2009).
Miss Grand Georgia
Miss Grand Georgia is a national beauty pageant title conferred upon delegates selected to represent Georgia in the Miss Grand International competition. The title was first awarded in 2013, when Anna Lomidze, a Tbilisi-based professional model, was invited to participate in the inaugural edition of the pageant held in Thailand. The designation was conferred again in the following year; however, the appointed delegate did not compete at the international level for undisclosed reasons.

Following a decade-long hiatus, Georgia returned to the competition in 2025, when Teona Kbilashvili, a Georgian model residing in the United States—also a finalist in Miss Grand United States 2025—obtained the national license and assumed the role of representing Georgia in Miss Grand International 2025.

Since its first participation in 2013, Georgia has neither achieved a victory nor secured a placement in the Miss Grand International competition.

Miss Grand United States 2025
Miss Grand United States 2025 constituted the 8th edition of the Miss Grand USA national beauty pageant and was convened on 18 August 2025 at the Rio Showroom, located within the Rio Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. The competition featured contestants representing 31 states and regions across the United States, each vying for the national title.

The title was awarded to Ivana García, a 23-year-old model and philanthropist representing the state of Ohio. She was crowned by the outgoing titleholder, Miss Grand United States 2024, Cora Griffen of Georgia. Following her national victory, García represented the United States at the international parent competition, Miss Grand International 2025, which took place on 18 October 2025 in Bangkok, Thailand.

This 2025 edition was directed by Crown Legacy, LLC and produced by Protagonist Live LLC. The event was broadcast live to a global audience through the official YouTube channel of the international organization, Grand TV.
William Cullen (representative)
William Cullen (March 4, 1826 – January 17, 1914) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

Born in County Donegal, Ireland, Cullen immigrated to the United States in 1832 with his parents, who settled in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he attended the public schools and the Allegheny Academy. He later relocated to Adams Township, LaSalle County, Illinois, in 1846 and engaged in agricultural pursuits. Sheriff of LaSalle County, Illinois (1864–65). He moved to Ottawa, Illinois, in 1865, and worked as the political editor of the Ottawa Republican 1871-1887. Cullen was elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1881 – March 3, 1885).

Cullen was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1884. He lived in retirement in Ottawa, Illinois, until his death there January 17, 1914. He was interred in Ottawa Avenue Cemetery.

47th United States Congress
The 47th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1881, to March 4, 1883, during the six months of James Garfield's presidency, and the first year and a half of Chester Arthur's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census. The House had a Republican majority; the Senate was evenly divided for the first time ever, with no vice president to break ties for most of this term.
John Milligan
John Milligan is the name of:

John J. Milligan (1795–1875), American lawyer, judge and political figure

John Colborne Milligan (1867–1941), Ontario lawyer, judge and political figure

Jocko Milligan, born John Milligan (1861–1923), Major League Baseball player

John Milligan (baseball) (1904–1972), Major League Baseball player

John F. Milligan, CEO of Gilead Sciences

John Milligan-Whyte (born 1952), American businessman, lawyer and philosopher

John F. Milligan
John F. Milligan is an American former executive who was the CEO of Gilead Sciences, a biotechnology company based in the United States from 2016 to 2019. He was previously appointed President of the company and had maintained that role since May 2008. He held various other positions during his tenure with Gilead including COO and CFO and originally joined the biotechnology company in 1990 as a research scientist. He was the 32nd employee hired by the company. Milligan became CEO when former CEO John C. Martin was appointed as Executive Chairman.
Aljamiado
Aljamiado (Spanish: [alxaˈmjaðo]; Portuguese: [alʒɐmiˈaðu]; Arabic: عَجَمِيَّة trans. ʿaǧamiyyah [ʕad͡ʒaˈmij.ja(h)]) or Aljamía texts are manuscripts that use the Arabic script for transcribing European languages, especially Romance languages such as Old Spanish or Aragonese. This alphabet is also called the Morisco alphabet.

According to Anwar G. Chejne, Aljamiado or Aljamía is "a corruption of the Arabic word ʿaǧamiyyah (in this case it means foreign language) and, generally, the Arabic expression ʿaǧam and its derivative ʿaǧamiyyah are applicable to peoples whose ancestry is not of Arabian origin". During the Arab conquest of Persia, the term became a pejorative.

Muslim conquest of Persia
The Muslim conquest of Persia or Arab conquest of Iran occurred between 633 and 651, when the Rashidun Caliphate conquered the Sasanian Empire as part of the early Muslim conquests, which began under Muhammad in 622.
Blackbird (band)
Blackbird was an electronic post-punk band, formed by brothers Chip and Tony Kinman after they dissolved their cowpunk band Rank and File.

Blackbird marked the third distinct musical style embraced and perpetrated by the Kinmans, first with punk rock (The Dils), followed by country punk (or cowpunk) with Rank and File, and finally the abrasive, metallic techno-pop of Blackbird.

The band's oeuvre includes three eponymous albums, the first two released by Iloki Records and produced by then-Butthole Surfers sound tech, Ric Wallace. Subsequent releases include the last album (also eponymous) released on Scotti Bros. in 1992; following the third and final full-length release, Iloki Records hired Braindead Soundmachine's Cole Coonce to produce updated versions of songs the brothers had success with in previous bands, "Class War" by The Dils and "Amanda Ruth" by Rank and File.

The Kinman brothers went on to form Cowboy Nation.

Braindead Soundmachine
Braindead Soundmachine was an American industrial rock band founded by Cole Coonce, Warren Croyle ("Mr. Reality"), and Lee Howell ("Ikky Shivers"). Eschewing the industrial genre, the band coined the term "metaldisco" in reference to their musical style.
Shani Mott
Shani Tahir Mott (March 16, 1976 – March 12, 2024) was an American scholar of Black studies, best known for her advocacy and her examination of race and power in the United States. She was a faculty member at Johns Hopkins University. Her academic work in literature and Africana studies, extended beyond traditional scholarship to actionable advocacy, highlighted by her legal challenge against discriminatory home appraisal practices in Baltimore. Additionally, she founded and served in diversity-focused initiatives, including establishing a social justice collective at Johns Hopkins University and a diversity program at the Bryn Mawr School. She died from adrenal cancer on March 12, 2024, at the age of 47. In the days before her death, she continued to advocate by testifying in support of her lawsuit against LoanDepot. As a result, the case settled with sweeping changes in home appraisal practices including extensive plan to mitigate discrimination including a second appraisal.

Adrenal tumor
An adrenal tumor or adrenal mass is any benign or malignant neoplasms of the adrenal gland, several of which are notable for their ability to overproduce endocrine hormones. Adrenal cancer is the presence of malignant adrenal tumors, which include neuroblastoma, adrenocortical carcinoma and some adrenal pheochromocytomas. Most adrenal pheochromocytomas and all adrenocortical adenomas are benign tumors, which do not metastasize or invade nearby tissues, but may cause significant symptoms by dysregulating hormones.
Carminic acid
Carminic acid (C22H20O13) is a red glucosidal hydroxyanthrapurin that occurs naturally in some scale insects, such as the cochineal, Armenian cochineal, and Polish cochineal. The insects produce the acid as a deterrent to predators. An aluminum salt of carminic acid is the coloring agent in carmine, a pigment.  Natives of Peru had been producing cochineal dyes for textiles since at least 700 CE.  Synonyms are C.I. 75470 and C.I. Natural Red 4.

The chemical structure of carminic acid consists of a core anthraquinone structure linked to a glucose sugar unit.  Carminic acid was first synthesized in the laboratory by organic chemists in 1991. In 2018, researchers genetically engineered the microbe Aspergillus nidulans to produce carminic acid.

It was previously thought that it contains α-D-glucopyranosyl residue, which was later redetermined to be the β-D-glucopyranosyl anomer.

Pigment
A pigment is a chemical compound that gives a substance or organism color, or is used by humans to add or alter color or change visual appearance. Pigments are completely or nearly insoluble and chemically unreactive in water or another medium; in contrast, dyes are colored substances which are soluble or go into solution at some stage in their use. Dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic. Pigments of prehistoric and historic value include ochre, charcoal, and lapis lazuli. Biological pigments are compounds produced by living organisms that provide coloration.
Lefcourt
Lefcourt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham E. Lefcourt (1876–1932), American real estate developer

Gerald B. Lefcourt, American criminal defense lawyer

Peter Lefcourt (born 1946), American television producer, film and television screenwriter, and novelist

Gerald B. Lefcourt
Gerald Bernard Lefcourt is an American criminal defense lawyer. He has represented a number of high-profile clients, including financier and registered sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, the Black Panthers, activist/author Abbie Hoffman, hotelier Harry Helmsley, former Speaker of the New York State Assembly Mel Miller, and actors Russell Crowe and Tracy Morgan.
Hostile Planet
Hostile Planet is an American documentary series that premiered on National Geographic on 1 April 2019. Directed by Guillermo Navarro with narration from Bear Grylls, the series draws attention to accounts of animals that have adapted to different environments.

Bear Grylls
Edward Michael "Bear" Grylls OBE (/ˈɡrɪlz/; born 7 June 1974) is a British adventurer, television presenter and former SAS trooper. He holds several world records in hostile environments, and appeared in numerous wilderness survival television series including Man vs. Wild (2006–2011), Running Wild with Bear Grylls and The Island with Bear Grylls.

In July 2009, Grylls was appointed as The Scout Association’s youngest-ever Chief Scout of the United Kingdom and Overseas Territories at the age of 35. He held the post until September 2024, becoming the second-longest-serving Chief Scout after Robert Baden-Powell.
Stoke Newington and Edmonton Railway
The Stoke Newington & Edmonton Railway was built by the Great Eastern Railway, under the GER (Metropolitan Station & Railways) Act of 29 July 1864. Construction was delayed due to the financial problems of the GER. Work commenced on the Hackney Downs to Lower Edmonton section in 1870. The section from Bethnal Green Junction to Stoke Newington with stations at Cambridge Heath, London Fields, Hackney Downs, Rectory Road, and Stoke Newington opened on 27 May 1872. The remainder opened on 22 July 1872 with stations at Stamford Hill, Seven Sisters, Bruce Grove, White Hart Lane, Silver Street, and Edmonton, then to Edmonton Green. The connection with the original branch line to Enfield Town north of Edmonton Green station was opened on 1 August 1872.

Lower Edmonton (low level) railway station
Lower Edmonton (low level) railway station was a station in Edmonton, London opened in 1849 by the Eastern Counties Railway as part of the original Enfield Town branch line.  Originally named Edmonton it was renamed as Lower Edmonton low level to distinguish it from neighbouring Lower Edmonton high level. It closed to passengers in 1939 although the line on which it stood lasted until 1964.