hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flesland
Flesland is a village in the borough of Ytrebygda in Bergen Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It sits on the western coast of the Bergen Peninsula along the Raunefjorden, about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) southwest of the city centre of Bergen. It is the site of Bergen Airport, Flesland and Flesland Air Station.

The 0.44-square-kilometre (110-acre) village has a population (2025) of 344 and a population density of 782 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,030/sq mi).

Raunefjorden
Raunefjorden is a strait (even though it is called a fjord) in Vestland county, Norway.  The wide strait flows between the mainland Bergen Peninsula and the island of Sotra. Bergen Municipality is located on the east side on the mainland and Øygarden Municipality to the west on Sotra.  The strait is bounded to the north by the islands of Bjorøyna and Tyssøyna and on the south by the islands of Bjelkarøyna and Lerøyna.
2020 İstanbul Cup
The 2020 İstanbul Cup (also known as the TEB BNP Paribas Tennis Championship İstanbul for sponsorship reasons) was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 13th edition of the İstanbul Cup, and part of the WTA International tournaments category of the 2020 WTA Tour. It took place in Istanbul, Turkey, from 8 September through 13 September 2020. Unseeded Patricia Maria Țig won the singles title.

Katarina Zavatska
Katarina Vitaliivna Zavatska (Ukrainian: Катаріна Віталіївна Завацька; born 5 February 2000) is a Ukrainian tennis player.
Zavatska has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 103, achieved February 2020, and a best doubles ranking of 337, reached on 14 June 2021. She has won nine singles titles and two doubles titles at tournaments of the ITF Circuit.
Loughnan
Loughnan is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Austin Loughnan (1851–1926), Australian sportsman

Col Loughnan (born 1942), Australian jazz saxophonist

George Loughnan (1842–1896), Australian politician

Jack Loughnan (1889–1949), Australian rules football player

Robert Loughnan (1841–1934), New Zealand farmer, journalist and politician

George Loughnan
George Cumberlege Loughnan (1842 – 18 January 1896) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Hobart in Van Diemen's Land; his father John Michael Loughnan was a captain in the 10th Bengal Lancers. His father farmed at Gippsland in Victoria. Loughnan was educated at Hobart and at Stonyhurst in England. He married Agnes Mcrae. In 1872 he purchased property of his own; he also worked as a stock and station agent. In 1880 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Murrumbidgee, serving until his retirement in 1885. Loughnan died at Bourke in 1896.
Spruce Cliff, Calgary
Spruce Cliff is a residential neighbourhood in the southwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is bounded to the north by the CPR tracks and the Bow River, to the east by the Shaganappi golf course and 33 Street W, to the south by Bow Trail and to the west by 38 Street W.

The land was annexed in 1910, and Spruce Cliff was established in 1950. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 6 councillor.

Residential area
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas.

Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses.  Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small.
Dayton Speedway
Dayton Speedway was a race track in Dayton, Ohio, United States. 
It has been called the "Fastest 1/2 mile (plus 210 feet) in the world".

The track held events for NASCAR, AAA, MARC, ARCA, ASA, and USAC.

United States Auto Club
The United States Auto Club (USAC) is one of the sanctioning bodies of auto racing in the United States. From 1956 to 1979, USAC sanctioned the United States National Championship, and from 1956 to 1997 the organization sanctioned the Indianapolis 500. USAC serves as the sanctioning body for a number of racing series, including the Silver Crown Series, National Sprint Cars, National Midgets, Speed2 Midget Series, .25 Midget Series, Stadium Super Trucks, and GT World Challenge America. Seven-time USAC champion Levi Jones is USAC's Competition Director.
WRFY-FM
WRFY-FM (102.5 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Reading, Pennsylvania, calling itself "Y102". The station is owned by iHeartMedia through licensee iHM Licenses, LLC, and broadcasts a hot adult contemporary radio format.  The studios and offices are on Perkiomen Avenue in Reading.

WRFY-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 10,000 watts.  Its transmitter tower is located on the east side of Reading on Neversink Mountain (40°19′19.0″N 75°53′34.0″W﻿ / ﻿40.321944°N 75.892778°W﻿ / 40.321944; -75.892778). The station's signal covers the cities of Lancaster, Allentown and Pottsville and the northwestern suburbs of Philadelphia.  WRFY-FM broadcasts using HD Radio technology.  Its HD-2 digital subchannel carries a Spanish-language contemporary hits format known as "Rumba 92.3", which feeds FM translator W222BY. Its HD-3 carries Spanish CHR "Rumba 100.5", feeding translator W263DB in Lancaster while WLAN is silent.

Radio masts and towers
Radio masts and towers are typically tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. There are two main types: guyed and self-supporting structures. They are among the tallest human-made structures. Masts are often named after the broadcasting organizations that originally built them or currently use them.

A mast radiator or radiating tower is one in which the metal mast or tower itself is energized and functions as the transmitting antenna.
Concordia University School of Law
Concordia University School of Law was a private law school in Boise, Idaho. It admitted its first class of 75 students in August 2012. The school was part of Concordia University, a private Lutheran university based in Portland, Oregon. It was the second law school in Idaho and the first in Boise, residing in a university-owned campus at 501 West Front Street near the Idaho State Capitol.

Concordia Law closed at the end of the Summer 2020 term in connection with the closure of its parent institution.

Law school
A law school (also known as a law centre/center, college of law, or faculty of law) is an institution, professional school, or department of a college or university specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a judge, lawyer, or other legal professional within a given jurisdiction. Depending on the country, legal system, or desired qualifications, the coursework is undertaken at undergraduate, graduate, or both levels.
Luis Felipe Rodríguez Bolívar
Luis Felipe Rodríguez Bolívar is a Venezuelan paralympic athlete. He competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in the athletics competition, winning the silver medal in the Men's 400 metres T20 class, finishing in a time of 47.71.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics were held in the National Stadium in Tokyo. There was 167 medal events: 93 for men, 73 for women and one mixed event. It was the largest contest of the Games programme regarding athlete numbers and medal events to be scheduled.

The 2020 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They kept the 2020 name and were instead held from 24 August to 5 September 2021.
Nazifi Sani
Nazifi Sani Gumellistenⓘ is a Nigerian politician. He is currently a member representing Gagarawa/Gumel/Maigatari/Sule Tankarkar Federal Constituency in the House of Representatives. Born on 1 August 1980, he hails from Jigawa State and holds a master’s degree. He was first elected into the House of Assembly in 2019. He was re-elected in 2023 for a second term under the All Progressives Congress (APC).

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
Athletics at the 2011 ALBA Games
Athletics competitions at the 2011 ALBA Games were held at the Polideportivo Máximo Viloria in Barquisimeto, Venezuela, between July 27-30, 2011.

A total of 43 events were contested, 22 by men and 21 by women.

ALBA Games
The ALBA Games (Spanish: Juegos Deportivos del ALBA) are a multi-sport event organized by the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA). The games are held once every two years. It was originally intended only for athletes of the ALBA member states but it has expanded to other countries in the Americas.

The first edition was held in 2005 in Havana, Cuba. Since then it was decided that Cuba and Venezuela will be switching editions every two years. However, there is a possibility that other countries may host the games in future editions.

Amid the international isolation Russia is facing due to the invasion of Ukraine, ALBA invited Russia to participate at the 2023 Games. Russia sent 48 athletes to the 2023 ALBA Games and competed under its national flag.
Isidore Renouard
Isidore Renouard was a French politician and representative of the Ille-et-Vilaine's 4th constituency.

Before this he was the general councillor for the canton of Redon and mayor of the small town of Langon. When he first stood in 1958 he was facing a Poujadist politician, Henri Dorgères, who had a far right past.

Renouard, a centre-right politician, joined the Valéry Giscard d'Estaing-led Independent Republicans in 1962. Reelected in 1962, 1967, 1968 and 1973, he died in 1975 in a car crash.

Independent Republicans
The Independent Republicans (French: Républicains Indépendants, pronounced [ʁepyblikɛ̃ ɛ̃depɑ̃dɑ̃]; RI) were a liberal-conservative political group in France founded in 1962, which became a political party in 1966 known as the National Federation of the Independent Republicans (Fédération nationale des républicains et indépendants [fedeʁɑsjɔ̃ nɑsjɔnal de ʁepyblikɛ̃ e ɛ̃depɑ̃dɑ̃]; FNRI). Its leader was Valéry Giscard d'Estaing.

In 1977 it became the Republican Party which joined the Union for French Democracy (UDF) the following year.
Frank (Fly Anakin album)
Frank is the debut studio album by American rapper Fly Anakin, released on March 11, 2022 through Lex Records. The album features guest appearances from Pink Siifu, Billz Egypt and Nickelus F, as well as fellow Mutant Academy members Henny L.O. and Big Kahuna OG.

The album cover image was created by photographer Timothy Saccenti and artist Yoshi Sodeoka.

Yoshi Sodeoka
Yoshi Sodeoka is a Japanese-born multimedia artist and musician based in New York City. His work spans digital video, animation, print, and music, and often incorporates techniques such as video feedback, generative processes, and experimental sound. His projects have been presented by museums, galleries, and media platforms internationally, and his work is held in the permanent collections of the Museum of the Moving Image in New York City and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.
Edward Hartman
Edward Ernest Hartman (August 25, 1964 – October 3, 2003) was convicted of the 1993 murder of Herman Smith Sr. and was executed via lethal injection in 2003 by the State of North Carolina at Central Prison in Raleigh, North Carolina.

Hartman confessed to the crime but requested a life sentence. According to The News & Observer, five mitigating factors were presented at Hartman's trial, including alcoholism (he claimed to be severely intoxicated at the time of the murder) and childhood abuse. The jury felt that these factors were outweighed by Hartman's theft of Smith's car and money. In seeking clemency, Hartman's lawyers (along with outside groups) argued that the prosecution had used Hartman's sexuality (he was bisexual) in a discriminatory manner, an argument rejected by the courts and by Governor Mike Easley of North Carolina.

Mitigating factor
In criminal law, a mitigating factor, also known as an extenuating circumstance, is any information or evidence presented to the court regarding the defendant or the circumstances of the crime that might result in reduced charges or a lesser sentence. Unlike a legal defense, the presentation of mitigating factors will not result in the acquittal of a defendant. The opposite of a mitigating factor is an aggravating factor.
Suddenly Yours
Suddenly Yours is the debut studio album by the American pop rock band Allstar Weekend. It was released on October 19, 2010 by Hollywood Records.

The album is preceded by the lead single, "Dance Forever", which was released on June 7, 2010. The album's second single, "Come Down with Love" was released on September 19, 2010.

Hollywood Records
Hollywood Records is an American record label owned by the Disney Music Group which focuses on pop, rock, alternative, hip hop and country genres, also specializing in recordings for a more mature audience not suitable for the flagship Walt Disney Records label.

Founded in December 1989, its current roster includes Sofia Carson, Tini, Kevin Jonas, Area21, Queen, Little Image, Almost Monday, Joywave, Andy Grammer, Adrian Lyles, Freya Skye, and Kenzie. The label also releases soundtrack albums and digital releases from Marvel Studios, 20th Century Studios, Searchlight Pictures, ABC, National Geographic, Hulu, 20th Television, Freeform, FX Productions, and ESPN since their acquisitions by The Walt Disney Company.
Index Copernicus
Index Copernicus (IC) is an online database of user-contributed information, including profiles of scientists, scientific institutions, publications and projects. It was established in 1999 in Poland, and is operated by Index Copernicus International. The database, named after Nicolaus Copernicus (who triggered the Copernican Revolution), has several assessment tools to track the impact of scientific works and publications, individual scientists, or research institutions. In addition to the productivity aspects, IC also offers the traditional abstracting and indexing of scientific publications.

Project
A project is a type of assignment, typically involving research or design, that is carefully planned to achieve a specific objective.

An alternative view sees a project managerially as a sequence of events: a "set of interrelated tasks to be executed over a fixed period and within certain cost and other limitations".

A project may be a temporary (rather than a permanent) social system (work system), possibly staffed by teams (within or across organizations) to accomplish particular tasks under time constraints.: Section 1.2

A project may form a part of wider programme management: 1  or function as an ad hoc system.: 922

Open-source software "projects" or artists' musical "projects" (for example) may lack defined team-membership, precise planning and/or time-limited durations.
No. 121 Expeditionary Air Wing
No. 121 Expeditionary Air Wing is a deployable Expeditionary Air Wing of the Royal Air Force based at RAF Coningsby, Lincolnshire, England, UK.

The current wing was established on 1 April 2006 the unit has history dating back to February 1943.

No. 247 Squadron RAF
No. 247 Squadron was formerly a squadron of the Royal Air Force. It was also known as No. 247 (China British) Squadron in recognition of the donations made by the British  communities of the foreign concessions established on the Chinese coast. The financial gift to provide two fighter squadrons also included the badge in the form of a scroll with Chinese characters Cheu Feng meaning "fierce wind" or Hurricane, and the motto "Rise from the East". The squadron was heavily involved in air operations during the Second World War, and the defence of the United Kingdom during the early years of the Cold War.
Viktor Hamburger
Viktor Hamburger (July 9, 1900 – June 12, 2001) was a German-American professor and embryologist. His collaboration with neuroscientist Rita Levi-Montalcini resulted in the discovery of nerve growth factor. In 1951 he and Howard Hamilton published a standardized stage series to describe chicken embryo development, now called the Hamburger-Hamilton stages. He was considered "one of the most influential neuroembryologists of the twentieth century".

Embryology
Embryology (from Greek ἔμβρυον, embryon, 'the unborn, embryo'; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of zoology that studies the prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization and development of embryos and fetuses. Embryology includes teratology, the study of congenital disorders that occur before birth.

Early embryology, put forward by Marcello Malpighi, was preformationist in concept: based on the idea that organisms develop from pre-existing miniature versions of themselves.  The theory now accepted, epigenesis, is the idea that organisms develop from seed or egg in a sequence of steps.  This concept was proposed in antiquity by Aristotle. Modern embryology developed from the work of Karl Ernst von Baer, though accurate observations had been made in Italy by anatomists such as Aldrovandi and Leonardo da Vinci in the Renaissance.
The Best of Faron Young Vol. 2
The Best of Faron Young Vol. 2 is a compilation album by American country music singer and songwriter Faron Young, released in 1977 by Mercury Records. The album, composed of tracks recorded between 1970 and 1976, reached No. 24 on the US country music chart.

Faron Young
Faron Young (February 25, 1932 – December 10, 1996) was an American country singer, musician, and songwriter from the early 1950s into the mid-1980s. His hits including "If You Ain't Lovin' (You Ain't Livin')" and "Live Fast, Love Hard, Die Young" marked him as a honky-tonk singer in sound and personal style; and his chart-topping singles "Hello Walls" and "It's Four in the Morning" showed his versatility as a vocalist.

Known as the "Hillbilly Heartthrob", and following a singing cowboy film role as the "Young Sheriff", Young's singles charted for more than 30 years.

In failing health, he died by suicide at the age of 64 in 1996. Young is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Evie Christie
Evie Christie is a Canadian poet and author.  Her works includes the poetry collection Gutted (2005) and her debut novel, The Bourgeois Empire (2010) both published by ECW Press.
She adapted two plays for Graham McLaren and Necessary Angel Theatre Company. Andromache was commissioned by and premiered at Lumimato and 360 (La Ronde) was commissioned by and premiered at the National Theatre School of Canada.
She ran the popular blog, Desk Space.

ECW Press
ECW Press is a Canadian book publisher located in Toronto, Ontario.  It was founded by Jack David and Robert Lecker in 1974 as a Canadian literary magazine named Essays on Canadian Writing.  They started publishing trade and scholarly books in 1979.

ECW Press publishes a range of books in fiction, non-fiction, poetry, sport, and pop culture. In 2015, Publishers Weekly listed ECW Press as one of the fastest-growing independent publishers in North America.
Churchill, Prince Edward Island
Churchill is a community in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island. The community was named for Winston Churchill. It is located in the township of Lot 65, Queens County immediately west of New Haven.

Churchill is located in the Bonshaw Hills, a high land in the centre of the province.  Strathgartney Hill separates the community from Bonshaw to the west.

Lot 65, Prince Edward Island
Lot 65 is a township in Queens County, Prince Edward Island, Canada.  It is part of Hillsboro Parish. Lot 65 was awarded to Richard Wright and Hugh Owens in the 1767 land lottery. In 1796, then-Lieutenant Governor Edmund Fanning granted Lot 65 to fellow Loyalist Andrew Ladner, with Louisa Augusta Fanning and Peter MacGowan as witnesses. Both Fanning and Ladner were Loyalist immigrants from the newly formed United States. Andrew Ladner died in 1836 and is buried in the township at Nine Mile Creek.
S. R. Thompson House
S. R. Thompson House is a historic home at New Wilmington, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania.  It was built in 1884, and is a three-story, Queen Anne style dwelling with a steep hipped roof and projecting gables.  It has irregular massing, multiple porches, five types of wood siding, and stick style decoration.  The house has been owned by Westminster College since 1945, and used for administrative offices and a women's residence.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Lawrence County, Pennsylvania
Lawrence County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 86,070. The county seat and largest city is New Castle.

The county was created on March 20, 1849, from parts of Beaver and Mercer counties. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth.
World Where You Live
"World Where You Live" is a song by Australian-New Zealand rock band Crowded House. It was the second single from the group's debut album Crowded House. Though it was the second single, "World Where You Live" was the first internationally released single, as the first single "Mean to Me" was only released in Australia. It was released a month after the album Crowded House was released.

The song later appeared on Crowded House's greatest hits compilation Recurring Dream and was performed at the group's farewell concert Farewell to the World.

Recurring Dream
Recurring Dream: The Very Best of Crowded House, usually abbreviated to Recurring Dream, is a compilation album by rock group Crowded House, released in 1996. It includes most of their singles, as well as three new songs, "Not the Girl You Think You Are", "Instinct", and "Everything Is Good for You".
Julius Lederer
Julius Lederer (24 June 1821 in Vienna – 30 April 1870 in Vienna) was an Austrian entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera.
He travelled widely: to Andalusia in 1849 Carinthia with Johann von Hornig (1819–1886) in 1853. He then traveled to various places in the Ottoman Empire such as İzmir in 1864, Magnesia in 1865, Amasya and in 1866, Mersin and the Taurus Mountains in 1867, Lebanon in 1868 and the Balkans in 1870).

Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları or Toroslar; Kurdish: Çiyayên Torosê) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region from the central Anatolian Plateau. The system extends along a curve from Lake Eğirdir in the west to the upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the east. It is a part of the Alpide belt in Eurasia.
Anneke Levelt Sengers
Johanna Maria Henrica (Anneke) Levelt Sengers (4 March 1929 – 28 February 2024) was a Dutch physicist known for her work on critical states of fluids. She retired from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 1994, after a 31 year career there. In 2005 Levelt Sengers was co-chair (with Dr Manju Sharma) for the InterAcademy Council of the advisory report 'Women for Science' published June 2006. She co-chaired the InterAmerican Network of Academies of Sciences women for science program.

Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force. They have zero shear modulus, or, in simpler terms, are substances which cannot resist any shear force applied to them.