hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ian Holliday
Ian Holliday (Chinese: 何立仁; Cantonese Yale: hòh laahp yàhn; Jyutping: Ho4 Lap6jan4; pinyin: Hé Lìrén; born 1960) is a scholar with expertise in British and Asian Government, particularly in relation to Myanmar. He is currently the Vice-President and Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Teaching and Learning) of The University of Hong Kong. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree (BA) in Social and Political Science at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge in 1982, before completing his Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) degree in Politics at New College, Oxford in 1989. He taught at University of Kent, University of Manchester (1990–99), New York University, and City University of Hong Kong (from 1999) before teaching at the University of Hong Kong (from 2006). He served as Dean of Faculty of Social Sciences of The University of Hong Kong for six years. He was appointed Vice-President of The University of Hong Kong in 2015.

University of Kent
The University of Kent (formerly the University of Kent at Canterbury, abbreviated as UKC) is a public research university in Kent, United Kingdom. Founded by royal charter in 1965, Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent served as its first Chancellor.

The university's principal campus occupies 300 acres of land overlooking the World Heritage Site of Canterbury Cathedral, and also maintains a campus in Medway and a postgraduate centre in Paris. The university is international, with students from 158 different nationalities and 41% of its academic and research staff being from outside the United Kingdom. It is a member of the Santander Network of European universities encouraging social and economic development.

Alumni include two Nobel laureates in literature — Sir Kazuo Ishiguro, and Abdulrazak Gurnah — as well as prominent individuals in politics, media, and law.
Amanda Gorman
Amanda S. C. Gorman (born March 7, 1998) is an American poet, activist, and model. Her work focuses on issues of oppression, feminism, race, and marginalization, as well as the African diaspora. Gorman was the first person to be named National Youth Poet Laureate. She published the poetry book The One for Whom Food Is Not Enough in 2015. She rose to fame in 2021 for writing and delivering her poem "The Hill We Climb" at the inauguration of Joe Biden. Gorman's inauguration poem generated international acclaim and, shortly thereafter, two of her books achieved best-seller status and she obtained a professional management contract.

Gorman was highlighted in Time magazine's 100 Next list under the category of "Phenoms", with a profile written by Lin-Manuel Miranda. That same month, Gorman became the first poet to perform at the Super Bowl, when she delivered her poem "Chorus of the Captains" at Super Bowl LV.

Oppression
Oppression is malicious or unjust treatment of, or exercise of power over, a group of individuals, often in the form of governmental authority. There are many scholars who have attempted to define oppression, usually by the types of harm suffered by those who are persecuted.
Synecdoche (planthopper)
Synecdoche is a genus of planthoppers comprising 22 described species in the family Achilidae. All species are New World in distribution, primarily Nearctic. Their immature stages (nymphs) are commonly encountered associated with fungus (usually in logs).

Planthopper
A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of grasshoppers. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. Fulgoromorphs are most reliably distinguished from the other Auchenorrhyncha by two features: the bifurcate (Y-shaped) anal vein in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented antennae, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous arista.
2023 Curitiba Challenger – Doubles
Rubén Ramírez Hidalgo and Pere Riba were the defending champions from when the last tournament was held in 2016 but were unable to defend their title as they had both retired from professional tennis.

Guido Andreozzi and Ignacio Carou won the title after defeating Diego Hidalgo and Cristian Rodríguez 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Guido Andreozzi
Guido Andreozzi (Latin American Spanish: [ˈɡiðo andɾeˈosi]; Italian: [ˈɡwiːdo andreˈɔttsi]; born 5 August 1991) is an Argentine professional tennis player of Italian descent. His career-high rankings are world No. 70 in singles, achieved on 28 January 2019, and No. 28 in doubles, reached on 27 October 2025. He has won two ATP Tour and 36 ATP Challenger Tour doubles titles.
Liga THB-KFA
Liga THB-KFA is a regional football league in Kedah, Malaysia. The league is managed by the football authority in Kedah, the Kedah Football Association (KFA). As part of a sponsorship deal with THB Maintenance SDH BHD, it was renamed as Liga THB-KFA. The league is at level 4 of the Malaysian football league system. Teams from this league entered the Malaysia FAM Cup, and champions go to the Malaysia A2 Amateur League.

Malaysian football league system
The Malaysian football league system, also known as the Malaysian football pyramid, is a series of interconnected leagues for men's football clubs in Malaysia. The system has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels, allowing even the smallest club the hypothetical possibility of ultimately rising to the very top of the system. The exact number of clubs varies from year to year as clubs join and leave leagues or fold altogether, but an estimated average of 10 clubs per division implies that hundreds of teams are members of a league in the Malaysian men's football league system.
Murodō
Murodō (室堂, Muro-do, IPA: [Murodo]) is a volcanic plateau located near Tateyama in Toyama Prefecture, central Honshu, in Japan.

Murodō is located on the Tateyama Kurobe Alpine Route. Murodō's is located near Mount Tate, Mount Tsurugi and other peaks. Murodō is the highest point on the Tateyama Kurobe Alpine Route, reaching 2,450 meters (8,038 feet) above sea level.

Mount Tsurugi (Tokushima)
Mount Tsurugi (剣山, Tsurugi-san), meaning sword, is a 1,954.7-metre-high (6,413.1 ft) mountain on the border of Miyoshi, Mima and Naka in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. This mountain is one of the 100 Famous Japanese Mountains.
John Ishiyama
John Toaru Ishiyama (born 1960) is an American political scientist. He is a University Distinguished Research Professor of Political Science, and Chairperson of the Department of Political Science. He is also the Piper Professor of Texas at the University of North Texas. He studies comparative politics, particularly the party structure and democratization of Post-Soviet states, as well as the politics of Ethiopia. He is a past President of the American Political Science Association.

American Political Science Review
The American Political Science Review (APSR) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering all areas of political science. It is an official journal of the American Political Science Association and is published on their behalf by Cambridge University Press. APSR was established in 1906 and is the flagship journal in political science.
Uppland Runic Inscription 100
Uppland Runic Inscription 100 is the Rundata designation for a memorial runestone that is located in the forest where a path meets a bog near Skälby, which is about two kilometers northeast of Sollentuna, Stockholm County, Sweden, which was part of the historical province of Uppland.

Stockholm County
Stockholm County (Swedish: Stockholms län [ˈstɔ̂kː(h)ɔlms ˈlɛːn]) is a county (Swedish: län) on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders Uppsala County and Södermanland County. It also borders Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. The city of Stockholm is the capital of Sweden. Stockholm County is divided by the historic provinces of Uppland (Roslagen) and Södermanland (Södertörn). More than one fifth of the Swedish population lives in the county. Stockholm County is also one of the statistical riksområden (national areas) according to NUTS:SE, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics within the EU. With more than two million inhabitants, Stockholm is the most densely populated county of Sweden.
Stargate Studios
Stargate Studios is an American post-production studio founded in 1989 by cinematographer and special visual effects supervisor Sam Nicholson.

It is a production company offering visual effects and production services to the film and television industry with studios in Los Angeles, Toronto, Vancouver, Atlanta, Malta, London, Cologne, Dubai, and Mexico City.

Reaper (TV series)
Reaper is an American comedy television series that focuses on Sam Oliver, a "reaper" who works for the Devil by retrieving souls that have escaped from Hell.

The series ran from September 25, 2007, to May 26, 2009, airing on Tuesdays at 8:00 p.m. Eastern/7:00 p.m. Central, on The CW. The series was produced by ABC Studios and The Mark Gordon Company. The rights for the show have been sold to Fox for its broadcast in Asia.
Oxygen-15 labelled water
Oxygen-15 labelled water (also known as 15O-water, [O-15]-H2O, or H215O) is a radioactive variation of regular water, in which the oxygen atom has been replaced by oxygen-15 (15O), a positron-emitting isotope. 15O-water is used as a radioactive tracer for measuring and quantifying blood flow using positron emission tomography (PET) in the heart, brain and tumors.

Due to its free diffusibility, 15O-water is considered the non-invasive gold standard for quantitative myocardial blood flow (MBF) studies and has been used as reference standard for validations of other MBF quantification techniques, such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and dynamic computed tomography (CT).

Positron
The positron or antielectron is the particle with an electric charge of +1e, a spin of 1/2 ħ (the same as the electron), and the same mass as an electron. It is the antiparticle (antimatter counterpart) of the electron. When a positron collides with an electron, annihilation occurs. If this collision occurs at low energies, it results in the production of two or more photons.

Positrons can be created by positron emission radioactive decay (through weak interactions), or by pair production from a sufficiently energetic photon which is interacting with an atom in a material.
Keswick Mountain Festival
The Keswick Mountain Festival is an annual festival held in May in Keswick, Cumbria, England. The festival was first held in 2007.

In 2012, the festival ran from 16 to 20 May and included guided walks, triathlons, kayaking, the "Keswick Sportive" (for cyclists), as well as the Borrowdale Trail Run and the Latrigg Fell Race. Speakers at Keswick's Rawnsley Centre included Helen Skelton, Sir Chris Bonington, Monty Halls and Cameron McNeish. In addition, there was as an evening with the Alpine Club and its president Mick Fowler. The temporary Keswick Mountain Festival Village is sited on the shores of Derwentwater.

According to The Observer, the festival is "one of the few places on the planet where Gore-Tex and gaiters might actually help you to pull".

Borrowdale
Borrowdale is a valley and civil parish in the English Lake District in Cumberland, England. It is in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, and is sometimes referred to as Cumberland Borrowdale to distinguish it from another Borrowdale in the historic county of Westmorland.
1222 Brescia earthquake
The 1222 Brescia earthquake occurred on Christmas Day in the year 1222. The chronicler Salimbene de Adam records that it was so powerful that the inhabitants of Brescia left their city en masse and camped outside, so that the falling buildings would not crush them.

Salimbene di Adam
Salimbene di Adam O.F.M. (or Salimbene of Parma) (9 October 1221 – c. 1290) was an Italian Franciscan friar, theologian, and chronicler. Salimbene was one of the most celebrated Franciscan chroniclers of the High Middle Ages. His Cronica is a fundamental source for Italian history of the 13th century.
Aybek Abdymomunov
Aybek Abdymomunov (born December 20, 1985) is a male amateur boxer from Kyrgyzstan. He qualified to compete at the 2004 Summer Olympics in the bantamweight division (– 54 kg)where he lost in the first round to Pakistan's Mehrullah Lassi.

Abdymomunov qualified for the 2004 Athens Games as a bantamweight by ending up in second place at the 2004 Asian Championships in Puerto Princesa. In the final he lost to Uzbekistan's Bahodirjon Sooltonov.

2004 Asian Amateur Boxing Championships
The 22nd edition of the Men's Asian Amateur Boxing Championships were held from January 11 to January 18, 2004 in Puerto Princesa Coliseum, Puerto Princesa, Philippines. The tournament served as a qualification event for the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

In the light flyweight, flyweight, bantamweight and featherweight divisions, the top three performers gained Olympic qualification. From lightweight to light-heavy weight, the top two boxers qualified while only the winners of the heavyweight and super heavyweight divisions progressed to the Olympics.
Lemland List
Lemland List (in Swedish: Lemlandslistan) is an electoral alliance of Non-aligned Coalition and the Moderate Coalition for Åland in the municipality of Lemland, Åland, Finland.

In the 1999 elections the list won three seats in the municipal council. Prior to the 1999 elections the Åland Centre party had also taken part in the list. The list also contested the 2003 elections, winning some seats.

Lemland
Lemland is a municipality of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland. Covering a land area of 113.21 km2 (43.71 sq mi), it had a population of 2,133 in 2025. The majority of Lemland's population speaks Swedish. The Lemström Canal, carved in 1882, separates Åland’s main island from the Lemland peninsula. Historically, the municipality has been an important maritime hub, given its strategic location in the Baltic Sea.
Nocticron
Nocticron ("Night-time" from Latin nox, noctis "night" and ancient Greek kronos "time") is the brand name of Leica lenses with an extreme speed of f/1.2. Because of the large aperture size and its image stabilisation system it is possible to take images with relatively short exposure time especially in available light situations. Together with the high number of nine diaphragm blades the lens creates a strong and pleasant bokeh.

Diaphragm (optics)
In optics, a diaphragm is a thin opaque structure with an opening (aperture) at its center. The role of the diaphragm is to stop the passage of light, except for the light passing through the aperture. Thus it is also called a stop (an aperture stop, if it limits the brightness of light reaching the focal plane, or a field stop or flare stop for other uses of diaphragms in lenses). The diaphragm is placed in the light path of a lens or objective, and the size of the aperture regulates the amount of light that passes through the lens.  The centre of the diaphragm's aperture coincides with the optical axis of the lens system.

Most modern cameras use a type of adjustable diaphragm known as an iris diaphragm, and often referred to simply as an iris.

See the articles on aperture and f-number for the photographic effect and system of quantification of varying the opening in the diaphragm.
Swedish national road 11
National Road 11 (Swedish: Riksväg 11), is a Swedish national road in Skåne in southern Sweden between Malmö and Simrishamn. The length of the road is 88 km (55 mi).

Earlier the road had the road number 12, but in conjunction with the renumbering of the European routes in 1992 the Swedish National Road Administration changed the number of the national roads that would have the number in common with any European routes in Sweden, in this case E12.

International E-road network
The International E-road network is a numbering system for roads in Europe, Central Asia and Asia Minor, developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The network is numbered from E1 up and signposted on a green background. Its roads cross national borders, consisting of three types of roads: highways, limited access roads, and ordinary roads (as defined by ECE/TRANS/SC.1/2016/3/Rev.1).

The display of European roads on signs depend on jurisdiction. In most countries, the roads carry the European route designation alongside national designations. However, Belgium, Denmark, Norway and Sweden have integrated them as their sole route designations (examples: E18 and E6) in most cases. Some places, such as the United Kingdom and Albania do not show the European designations at all.

Other continents have similar international road networks, e.g., the Pan-American Highway in the Americas, the Trans-African Highway network, and the Asian Highway Network.
Robert Strang (physician)
Robert Strang ONS (born 1959) is a Canadian physician and the chief medical officer for the province of Nova Scotia. Before becoming a doctor, Strang played rugby union for the Canada men's national rugby union team until retiring in 1991.

Medical officer of health
A medical officer of health, also known as a medical health officer, chief health officer, chief public health officer or district medical officer, is the title commonly used for the senior government official of a health department, usually at a municipal, county/district, state/province, or regional level. The post is held by a physician who serves to advise and lead a team of public health professionals such as environmental health officers and public health nurses on matters of public health importance.

The equivalent senior health official at the national level is often referred to as the chief medical officer (CMO), although the title varies across countries, for example known as the surgeon general in the United States and the chief public health officer in Canada.
Huntington baronets
The Huntington Baronetcy, of Clock House in the Metropolitan Borough of Chelsea, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 20 July 1906 for Charles Huntington, previously Liberal Member of Parliament for Darwen. The title became extinct on the death of the third Baronet in 1928.

Darwen (UK Parliament constituency)
Darwen was a county constituency in Lancashire, centred on the town of Darwen. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 until it was abolished for the 1983 general election.

During the 1920s, the constituency was a fiercely contested marginal between the Liberal and Conservative Parties, with the sitting MP defeated at each election. At the 1924 general election, it saw a 92.7% turnout, a record for an English constituency. Following the defeat of Liberal leader Sir Herbert Samuel in 1935, the seat became a safe Conservative seat for the remainder of its existence.

It was largely replaced by the new Rossendale & Darwen constituency.
Sea-Eye (ship)
The Sea-Eye is a former fishing trawler. The ship was bought by Sea-Eye e.V. in 2014 and was used as a rescue ship in the southern Mediterranean from 2015 to 2018, primarily between Malta and Libya. The ship sailed under the flag of the Netherlands. Her sister ship is the Seefuchs (described on the Sea-Eye website as identical, and built within a year of Sea-Eye), which until 2019 was also used by Sea-Eye.

Fishing trawler
A fishing trawler is a commercial fishing vessel designed to operate fishing trawls. Trawling is a method of fishing that involves actively dragging or pulling a trawl through the water behind one or more trawlers. Trawls are fishing nets that are pulled along the bottom of the sea or in midwater at a specified depth. A trawler may also operate two or more trawl nets simultaneously (double-rig and multi-rig).

There are many variants of trawling gear. They vary according to local traditions, bottom conditions, and how large and powerful the trawling boats are. A trawling boat can be a small open boat with only 30 horsepower (22 kW) or a large factory ship with 10,000 horsepower (7457 kW). Trawl variants include beam trawls, large-opening midwater trawls, and large bottom trawls, such as "rock hoppers" that are rigged with heavy rubber wheels that let the net crawl over rocky bottom.
Jeremy Tankard
Jeremy Tankard is a British type designer. Tankard has designed retail fonts independently and for FontShop and Adobe. Corbel was designed for Microsoft and has been included in Microsoft Office and Windows since 2006.

Tankard has also designed custom corporate typefaces for organisations such as Sheffield City Council, Falmouth University and Christchurch Art Gallery.

Some of his typeface designs such as FF Disturbance and Blue Island are experimental and based on distorting the alphabet, through a unicase design in Disturbance and the use of ligatures to connect letters in unexpected ways in Blue Island. Tankard’s Bliss design, used by Amazon, is more traditional and loosely based on humanist sans-serif designs such as Johnston, Gill Sans and Syntax. Tankard studied at the Royal College of Art.

Falmouth University
Falmouth University is a specialist public university for the creative industries based in Falmouth and Penryn, Cornwall, England. Founded as Falmouth School of Art in 1902, it was later known as Falmouth College of Art and Design and then Falmouth College of Arts until 2012, when the university college was officially granted full university status by the Privy Council.

The university is located across two campuses, in the towns of Penryn and Falmouth. Penryn Campus, near the town of Penryn, is the larger of its two campuses, which it operates in partnership with the University of Exeter. The Falmouth Campus is in Falmouth town centre. Falmouth University has about 7,000 students as of 2023, offering undergraduate and postgraduate degrees.
Valerie and Her Week of Wonders
Valerie and Her Week of Wonders (Czech: Valerie A Týden Divů) is a novel by Vítězslav Nezval, written in 1935 and first published in 1945. The novel was written before Nezval's dramatic shift to Socialist Realism. It was made into a 1970 Czech film directed by Jaromil Jireš, a prominent example of Czech New Wave cinema.

With this novel, Nezval explored the gothic themes and settings of such novels as Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818) and M. G. Lewis' The Monk (1796), as well as F. W. Murnau's film Nosferatu (1922; based on 1897 novel Dracula  by Bram Stoker).

The 2005 English edition features the illustrations by Kamil Lhoták that appeared in the original edition.

Matthew Gregory Lewis
Matthew Gregory Lewis (9 July 1775 – 16 May 1818) was an English novelist and dramatist, whose writings are often classified as "Gothic horror". He was frequently referred to as "Monk" Lewis, because of the success of his 1796 Gothic novel The Monk. He also worked as a diplomat, politician and an estate owner in Jamaica.