hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hiram N. Breed
Hiram Nichols Breed (2 September 1809 – 31 March 1893) was a Massachusetts cordwainer and politician who served as the ninth Mayor of Lynn, Massachusetts.
He also served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1853.

Cordwainer
A cordwainer (/ˈkɔːrdˌweɪnər/) is a shoemaker who makes new shoes from new leather. The cordwainer's trade can be contrasted with the  cobbler's trade, according to a tradition in Britain that restricted cobblers to repairing shoes. This usage distinction is not universally observed, as the word cobbler is widely used for tradespeople who make or repair shoes.

The Oxford English Dictionary classifies the word cordwainer as archaic, but "still used in the names of guilds, for example, the Cordwainers' Company"; but its definition of cobbler mentions only mending, reflecting the older distinction. Play 14 of the Chester Mystery Plays was presented by the guild of corvisors, glossed as "shoemakers".
Shirishkumar Mehta
Shirishkumar Mehta, 28 December 1926 – 9 September 1942) was an Indian freedom fighter, a Revolutionary movement for Indian independence.

Mahatma Gandhi started the Quit India movement against the British in 1942. Shirishkumar was leading a procession protesting against the government in Nandurbar.  The police had set up barricades at Mangal Bazar area.  The police launched a Lathi charge on the protesters as soon as procession reached them.  Shirishkumar had the Tiranga, the Indian national flag and the slogan was 'Vande Mataram'. The police opened fire when their lathi charge could not stop the procession.  Shirishkumar was killed on the spot.  With him, Dhansukhlal Wani, Ghanshyam Das, Shashidhar Ketkar, and Laldas also died.

Revolutionary movement for Indian independence
The Revolutionary movement for Indian Independence was part of the Indian independence movement comprising the actions of violent underground revolutionary factions. Groups believing in armed revolution against the ruling British fall into this category, as opposed to the generally peaceful civil disobedience movement spearheaded by Mahatma Gandhi.

The revolutionary groups were mainly concentrated in Bengal, Bombay, Bihar, the United Provinces and Punjab. More groups were scattered across India.
1997–98 Iran 2nd Division
The 1997–98 Iran 2nd Division football season was played in four groups of ten teams each. The top two teams from each group advanced to the second round, and the top four in the second round (Malavan, Bank Melli, Chooka Talesh and Aboomoslem) gained promotion to the Azadegan League, at that time the top-level football league in Iran.

Malavan F.C.
Malavan Bandar Anzali Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال ملوان بندر انزلى, Bāšgāh-e Futbāl-e Malavān-e Bandar-e Anzali) is an Iranian football club based in Bandar-e Anzali, Iran. It won Iran's second league, the Azadegan League and came back to Persian Gulf Pro League after being relegated in the 2015–16 season. The team is known for having some of the most passionate fans in Iranian football, and is one of the country's most successful teams based outside Tehran. It is one of the most successful Iranian teams in the Hazfi Cup, reaching the final 7 times and winning 3 titles.

The club forms the football part of the multisport Malavan Sport and Cultural Club. Malavan was previously owned by the Iranian Navy.
Guadua
Guadua is a Neotropical genus of thorny, clumping bamboo in the grass family, ranging from moderate to very large species.

Physically, Guadua angustifolia is noted for being the largest Neotropical bamboo. The genus is similar to Bambusa and is sometimes included in that genus. Several animals are, to a various extent, associated with stands of Guadua bamboo, for example several species of seedeaters, and the Amazon and Atlantic Bamboo Rats.

Seedeater
The seedeaters are a form taxon of seed-eating passerine birds with a distinctively conical bill.

Most are Central and South American birds that were formerly placed in the American sparrow family (Passerellidae), but are now known to be tanagers (Thraupidae) closely related to Darwin's finches. Indeed, some of the birds listed here as seedeaters are closer to these "finches", while the more "true" seedeaters form a clade with some tanagers. A few "atypical" seedeaters are closely related to certain tanagers, many of which (such as the flowerpiercers) have peculiarly adapted bills.

In addition, there are some African passerines called seedeaters. They belong to the serin genus (Serinus) of the true finch family (Fringillidae), but might need to be separated with their closest relatives in Crithagra.
Blackcap illadopsis
The blackcap illadopsis (Illadopsis cleaveri) is a species of bird in the family Pellorneidae. It is native to areas surrounding the Gulf of Guinea (including Bioko island). Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.

Gulf of Guinea
The Gulf of Guinea (French: Golfe de Guinée; Spanish: Golfo de Guinea; Portuguese: Golfo da Guiné) is the northeasternmost part of the tropical Atlantic Ocean from Cape Lopez in Gabon, north and west to Cape Palmas in Liberia. Null Island, defined as the intersection of the Equator and Prime Meridian (zero degrees latitude and longitude), is in the gulf.

Among the many rivers that drain into the Gulf of Guinea are the Niger and the Volta. The coastline on the gulf includes the Bight of Benin and the Bight of Bonny.
Goran Bogdanović (politician)
Goran Bogdanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Горан Богдановић, born 2 February 1963) is a Serbian politician who served as the Minister for Kosovo and Metohija in the Cabinet of Mirko Cvetković from 2008 to 2012.

Mirko Cvetković
Mirko Cvetković (Serbian Cyrillic: Мирко Цветковић, pronounced [mǐːrkɔ tsʋɛ̂tkɔʋitɕ]; born 16 August 1950) is a Serbian economist and former politician who served as the prime minister of Serbia from 2008 to 2012 and as finance minister from 2007 to 2008, and again from 2011 to 2012.

Cvetković became the prime minister as an nonpartisan politician endorsed by For a European Serbia coalition, which declared Serbia's accession to the European Union (EU) as its main goal. During his government run, the EU has abolished visas for Serbian citizens traveling to the Schengen Area countries, Serbia received an EU candidate status, as well as, completed obligations to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). The period of his premiership was marked by the challenges of the Kosovo declaration of independence and the Great Recession, leading to low rates of economic growth.
Alois Swatosch
Alois Swatosch (born 27 August 1910; date of death unknown) was an Austrian boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1936 he was eliminated in the first round of the lightweight class after losing his fight to Simon Dewinter.

Boxing at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Lightweight
The men's lightweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1936 Summer Olympics. The weight class was the fourth-lightest contested, and allowed boxers of up to 135 pounds (61.2 kilograms). The competition was held from Tuesday, August 11, 1936 to Saturday, August 15, 1936. Twenty-six boxers from 26 nations competed.
Verona–Rovigo railway
The Verona–Rovigo railway is a state-owned railway line that connects two provincial capitals of Veneto: Verona and Rovigo. The main hub is Legnago. Main centers crossed are also Bovolone, Cerea, Badia Polesine, Lendinara.

The infrastructure is managed by RFI, while the passenger service is carried out by Trenitalia regional trains.

The line is single-track, except along two double-track sections:

Verona Porta Nuova - Isola della Scala; where trains of the Verona-Bologna railway (including high-speed ones) run

the Cerea - Legnago, which is also used by the Mantua-Monselice railway.

Badia Polesine
Badia Polesine is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rovigo in the Italian region Veneto, located about 70 kilometres (43 miles) southwest of Venice and about 25 kilometres (16 miles) west of Rovigo. It is part of the upper Polesine, and is bounded by the Adige river, which separates the communal territory from the province of Padua.

Badia Polesine borders the following municipalities: Canda, Castagnaro, Castelbaldo, Giacciano con Baruchella, Lendinara, Masi, Piacenza d'Adige, Terrazzo, Trecenta. The main sight is the abbey of Vangadizza.

The town has a station on the Verona-Legnago-Rovigo railroad. It can be reached by road through the  SS343 Transpolesana national road and the A31 motorway.
Sandrine Hurel
Sandrine Hurel (born 7 August 1968 in Lisieux, Calvados) is a member of the National Assembly of France.  She represents the Seine-Maritime department,  and is a member of the Socialist Party and of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche parliamentary group.

Seine-Maritime
Seine-Maritime (French pronunciation: [sɛn maʁitim] ⓘ) is a department of France in the Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the northern coast of France, at the mouth of the Seine, and includes the cities of Rouen and Le Havre. Until 1955 it was named Seine-Inférieure. It had a population of 1,255,633 in 2019.
Abbey of Fontenay
The Abbey of Fontenay is a former Cistercian abbey located in the commune of  Marmagne, near Montbard, in the département of Côte-d'Or in France.  It was founded by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in 1118, and built in the Romanesque style.  It is one of the oldest and most complete Cistercian abbeys in Europe, and became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. 
Of the original complex comprising church, dormitory, cloister,  chapter house, caldarium, refectory, dovecote and the so-called "forge", all remain intact except the refectory and are well maintained.  The Abbey of Fontenay, along with other Cistercian abbeys, forms a connecting link between Romanesque and Gothic architecture.

Forge
A forge is a type of hearth used for heating metals, or the workplace (smithy) where such a hearth is located. The forge is used by the smith to heat a piece of metal to a temperature at which it becomes easier to shape by forging, or to the point at which work hardening no longer occurs. The metal (known as the "workpiece") is transported to and from the forge using tongs, which are also used to hold the workpiece on the smithy's anvil while the smith works it with a hammer. Sometimes, such as when hardening steel or cooling the work so that it may be handled with bare hands, the workpiece is transported to the slack tub, which rapidly cools the workpiece in a large body of water. However, depending on the metal type, it may require an oil quench or a salt brine instead; many metals require more than plain water hardening. The slack tub also provides water to control the fire in the forge.
Gatineau Privilege
The Gatineau Privilege referred to a monopoly introduced to limit the cutting of timber along the Gatineau River in Lower Canada from 1832 to 1843.

Quotas were established for each participant and no other timber companies were allowed to cut wood in that area. The participants were:

several descendants of Philemon Wright:
Ruggles Wright
Tiberius Wright
Christopher Columbus Wright

Peter Aylen

Thomas McGoey, a son-in-law of Philemon Wright, Jr.

George Hamilton

Charles Adamson Low

The lumber merchants built roads into the area and established farms to take care of the animals used to remove the logs.

In 1843, the Crown Timber Act brought an end to the Gatineau Privilege. Cutting rights for all crown lands were purchased at an office in Bytown, the former name of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Bytown
Bytown is the former name of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was founded on September 26, 1826, incorporated as a town on January 1, 1850, and superseded by the incorporation of the City of Ottawa on January 1, 1855. The founding was marked by a sod turning, and a letter from Governor General Dalhousie which authorized Lieutenant Colonel John By to divide up the town into lots.  Bytown came about as a result of the construction of the Rideau Canal and grew largely due to the Ottawa River timber trade.  Bytown's first mayor was John Scott, elected in 1847.
Julian Aldrin Pasha
Julian Aldrin Pasha (born July 22, 1969 in Bandar Lampung, Lampung) is an Indonesian politician. Julian Pasha was the Presidential Spokesman of Indonesia replacing Andi Mallarangeng during the reign of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in Second United Indonesia Cabinet. He was previously a guest lecturer at several universities in Tokyo. He was also Head of Political Science Department Faculty of Social and Political Sciences of the University of Indonesia.

Bandar Lampung
Bandar Lampung (/ˈbɑːndɑː ˈlæmpʌŋ/
BUN-dar-LUM-pung; Indonesian: Kota Bandar Lampung; Lampung: Kutak Bandarlampung; and formerly Dutch: Oosthaven, lit. 'Eastern Harbor') is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Lampung. Located on the southern tip of Sumatra, Bandar Lampung was originally called Tanjungkarang–Telukbetung, since it was a unification of two major settlements in Lampung, before being renamed in 1983.

The city proper, together with South Lampung Regency (which borders the city on its northern and eastern sides) and Pesawaran Regency (which borders it on its western side), are major transmigration recipients. The city's area is about 183.77 km2. It had a census population of 881,801 in 2010 and 1,166,066 in 2020; the official estimate as of mid-2024 was 1,077,664 (comprising 543,865 males and 533,799 females).
2008 European Road Championships
The 2008 European Road Championships were held in Stresa, Pettenasco, Arona and Verbania, in the province of Novare and Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, Italy, between 3 July and 6 July 2008. Regulated by the European Cycling Union. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men and women under 23 and juniors.

Pettenasco
Pettenasco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Novara. It lies on the eastern shore of Lake Orta.

As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,318 and an area of 7.1 square kilometres (2.7 sq mi).

The municipality of Pettenasco contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Pratolungo, Crabbia, and Poggio Luneglio.  A daily ferry service connects Pettenasco with Omegna and towns and villages around the lake.

Pettenasco borders the following municipalities: Armeno, Miasino, Omegna and Orta San Giulio.
Gaetano Sabatini
Gaetano Sabatini (1703–1734; or 1731), also known as il Mutarolo (or Il Mutolo) due to his deaf-mutism, was an Italian draftsman and Baroque painter.

Born in Bologna to a domestic worker for the aristocratic Marescalchi family, he  perfected his style first in drawing, then in painting. The painter Francesco Monti mentored him as a painter. He painted an altarpiece of the church of the Celestine order in Bologna. He died young in Bologna.

The Getty Museum has a self-portrait by Sabatini.

J. Paul Getty Museum
The J. Paul Getty Museum, commonly referred to as the Getty, is an American art museum in Los Angeles, California, housed on two campuses: the Getty Center and Getty Villa. It is operated by the J. Paul Getty Trust, the world's wealthiest art institution.

The Getty Center is located in the Brentwood neighborhood of Los Angeles and features pre-20th-century European paintings, drawings, illuminated manuscripts, sculpture, decorative arts, and photographs from the inception of photography through present day from all over the world. The original Getty museum, the Getty Villa, is located in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles and displays art from Ancient Greece, Rome, and Etruria.
Westcombe Park RFC
Westcombe Park RFC is a rugby football club based in Orpington in south-east London. The name of the club comes from the Westcombe Park area of what is today part of the Royal Borough of Greenwich, where the club was founded. The club played on fields in Lee, Shooter's Hill and Sidcup before the move to Orpington. Westcombe Park play in National League 2 East, a level four league in the English rugby union system following their promotion from Regional 1 South East at the end of the 2022–23 season.

Sidcup
Sidcup is an area of south-east London, England, primarily in the London Borough of Bexley. It is 11.3 miles (18.2 km) south-east of Charing Cross, bordering the London Boroughs of Bromley and Greenwich. It was part of Kent prior to the creation of Greater London in 1965.

The name is thought to be derived from Cetecopp meaning "seat-shaped or flat-topped hill"; it had its earliest recorded use in 1254.

According to the ONS, as of 2021, the population of Sidcup is 15,400 (rounded to the nearest 100).
Southern Telecom (Southern Company)
Southern Telecom is the wireline, fiber optic telecommunications subsidiary of Southern Company (NYSE: SO). Established in 1997 as an Exempt Telecommunications Company (ETC) pursuant to the Telecommunications Act of 1996, Southern Telecom is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.

Fiber-optic communication
Fiber-optic communication is a form of optical communication for transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of infrared or visible light through an optical fiber. The light is a form of carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. Fiber is preferred over electrical cabling when high bandwidth, long distance, or immunity to electromagnetic interference is required. This type of communication can transmit voice, video, and telemetry through local area networks or across long distances.

Optical fiber is used by many telecommunications companies to transmit telephone signals, internet communication, and cable television signals. Researchers at Bell Labs have reached a record bandwidth–distance product of over 100 petabit × kilometers per second using fiber-optic communication.
Htee Khee
Htikhi (Burmese: ထီးခီး; also spelt Htee Khee) is a town in Dawei Township, Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar. The town is home to Phu Nam Ron, one of 7 official border trade posts with Thailand. In 2022, total trade volume at the border post stood at US$2.563 billion, making it the busiest border post with Thailand. As of September 2019, the road from Myitta, the closest Burmese town, which is 101 kilometres (63 mi) away, remained unpaved. A roads project was initiated in 2019, to link Htikhi to the Dawei Special Economic Zone. Htee Khee was formerly the headquarters of the Karen National Union's 4th brigade until 2012. After 3 years of closure, Htee Khee reopened for trade on 5 July 2025 under KNU control.

Karen National Union
The Karen National Union (Burmese: ကရင် အမျိုးသား အစည်းအရုံး; abbreviated KNU) is a political organisation with an armed wing, the Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA), that represent the Karen people of Myanmar. It operates in mountainous eastern Myanmar and has underground networks in other areas of Myanmar where Karen people live as a minority group.

Some of the Karen, led primarily by the Karen National Union (KNU), have waged a war against the central government since early 1949. The aim of the KNU at first was independence. Since 1976 the armed group has called for a federal system rather than an independent Karen State.

The Karen conflict is the second longest internal war in the world after the Dagohoy rebellion in the Philippines, having been waged for 85 years until 1829.

In 2025, the Myanmar military junta designated the KNU as a terrorist organization.
Aerialize Sydney Aerial Theatre
Aerialize Sydney Aerial Theatre is a Sydney-based circus school and performing arts organisation. It was founded in 1999 by Shelalagh McGovern and Aimee Thomas. The organisation is run by a board of directors and is classified as a not-for-profit organisation and non-governmental organisation in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Aerialize runs circus classes ranging from beginner to professional skill levels and is a training space for professional and recreational circus artists.

Originally founded in the Addison road Community Centre in Marrickville, Sydney, the aerial theatre organisation took up residency in the ‘Great Hall’ before moving to Canterbury, NSW.

Aerialize performed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney at the Opening Ceremony.

Community centre
A community centre, community center, or community hall is a public location where members of a community gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may be open for the whole community or for a specialized subgroup within the greater community. Community centres can be religious in nature, such as Christian churches, Islamic mosques, Jewish synagogues, Hindu temples, or Buddhist temples; though they can also be secular and in some cases government-run, such as youth clubs or Leisure centres.
Medionidus parvulus
Medionidus parvulus, the Coosa moccasinshell, is a rare species of freshwater mussel in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. This aquatic bivalve mollusk is native to Georgia and Tennessee in the United States, and has been extirpated from the state of Alabama. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.

This mussel is up to 4 centimeters long or occasionally larger and has a thin, fragile, dark brown or yellow-brown shell. The nacre of the shell is blue, sometimes with pink areas.

This mussel is native to the Mobile River drainage, where it was once sporadic but widespread. This species is rare except in Polk County, Tennessee, where it is locally common in the Conasauga River. It can also be found in the tributary Holly Creek, which extends into Georgia. It is in severe decline, having been extirpated from much of the Coosa River system and all of the waterways in Alabama where it once occurred.

Coosa River
The Coosa River is a tributary of the Alabama River in the U.S. states of Alabama and Georgia. The river is about 280 miles (450 km) long.

The Coosa River begins at the confluence of the Oostanaula and Etowah rivers in Rome, Georgia, and ends just northeast of the Alabama state capital, Montgomery, where it joins the Tallapoosa River to form the Alabama River just south of Wetumpka. Around 90% of the Coosa River's length is located in Alabama.  Coosa County, Alabama and Etowah County, Alabama are located on the Coosa River.

The Coosa is one of Alabama's most developed rivers. Most of the river has been impounded, with Alabama Power, a unit of the Southern Company, owning seven dams and powerhouses on the Coosa River. The dams produce hydroelectric power, but they are costly to some species endemic to the Coosa River.
Judie Bamber
Judie Bamber (born 1961) is an American artist in Los Angeles. Her often representational paintings explore themes of gender, sexuality, temporality, and memory. She teaches in the Master of Fine Arts program at Otis College of Art and Design and is best known for Are You My Mother?, featured in New American Paintings in 2003 and 2004. Her paintings, watercolors, and graffiti emphasize women's pleasure and permeate her family history.

Otis College of Art and Design
Otis College of Art and Design is a private art and design school in Los Angeles, California, United States. Established in 1918, it was the city's first independent professional school of art. The main campus is located in the former IBM Aerospace headquarters at 9045 Lincoln Boulevard in Westchester, Los Angeles. The school's programs, accredited by the WSCUC and National Association of Schools of Art and Design, include BFA and MFA degrees.