hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Results of the 2008 Canadian federal election by riding
Abbreviations guide

(Ind.) - Independent

(NA) - No Affiliation

Minor parties:
(AAEVP) – Animal Alliance Environment Voters Party of Canada
(CAP) – Canadian Action Party
(CHP) – Christian Heritage Party
(Comm.) – Communist Party
(FPNP) – First Peoples National Party of Canada
(Libert.) – Libertarian Party
(Mar.) – Marijuana Party
(M-L) – Marxist–Leninist Party
(NFLP) – Newfoundland and Labrador First Party
(PC) – Progressive Canadian Party
(PPP) – People's Political Power Party of Canada
(Rhino.) – Rhinoceros Party
(WBP) – Western Block Party
(WLP) – Work Less Party

All candidate names are those on the official list of confirmed candidates; names in media or on party website may differ slightly.

Names in bold represent party leaders, cabinet ministers, and the Speaker of the House of Commons.
† represents that the incumbent chose not to run again.
§ represents that the incumbent was defeated for nomination.
‡ represents that the incumbent ran in a different district.

Canadian Action Party
The Canadian Action Party (CAP; French: Parti action canadienne, PAC) was a Canadian federal political party founded in 1997 and deregistered on 31 March 2017.

The party stood for Canadian nationalism, monetary and electoral reform, and opposed liberal globalization and free trade agreements that had been signed by the Canadian government.
NorthTown Mall (Spokane, Washington)
NorthTown Mall is a shopping mall located in Nevada Heights, Spokane, Washington, United States. The shopping mall first opened in 1955 as an open-air center and has been expanded several times, with its biggest expansion occurring between 1989 and 1991. The mall is currently anchored by Barnes & Noble, Get Air Trampoline Park, J. C. Penney, Kohl's, Marshalls, and Regal Cinemas.

W. T. Grant
W. T. Grant or Grants was a United States–based chain of mass-merchandise stores founded by William Thomas Grant that operated from 1906 until 1976.  The stores were generally of the variety store format located in downtowns.
2018 MAAC men's basketball tournament
The 2018 Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference for the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. It was held from March 1–5, 2018 at the Times Union Center in Albany, New York. No. 4 seed Iona defeated No. 6 seed Fairfield in the championship game to receive the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. This was Iona's third consecutive MAAC tournament championship, while also being their MAAC-record leading sixth straight championship game appearance.

Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference
The Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC, /mæk/) is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with NCAA Division I. Its current 13 full members are located in five Northeastern states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.

Members are all relatively small private institutions, a majority Catholic or formerly Catholic, with the only exceptions being two secular institutions: Rider University and Quinnipiac University.

The MAAC currently sponsors 25 sports and has 17 associate member institutions.
August Johannes Salum
August Johannes Salum (19 May 1894 Mäksa Parish, Tartu County – June 1969) was an Estonian veterinarian and politician. He was a member of IV and V Riigikogu. He was a member of the Riigikogu beginning on 2 September 1930, when he replaced Hans Miller.

August Salum was born in present-day Kastre Parish. He served in the Estonian Defence Forces during the Estonian War of Independence. From 1924-1926, he studied at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Tartu. He then studied at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Tartu from 1927-1930 and from 1936-1939.

He worked as a veterinarian on the island of Saaremaa from 1939 to 1941, in Palamuse from 1941 to 1944, in Jõgeva from 1944 to 1953, and in Põltsamaa from 1953 to 1965.

Palamuse
Palamuse is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Jõgeva County, in Jõgeva Parish, Estonia, located about 12 km (7 mi) southeast of the town of Jõgeva. It is passed by the Amme River. With a population of 551 (as of 1 January 2011)

Palamuse was the biggest settlement and the administrative centre of Palamuse Parish.

Palamuse is best known for being depicted in the Oskar Luts' 1912–1913 novel Spring (Kevade) as the settlement called "Paunvere". The 1969 film adaptation Spring was also filmed in Palamuse. His brother, the filmmaker Theodor Luts (1896–1980), was born in Palamuse.

Palamuse was first mentioned in a letter by Pope Gregory IX on 20 November 1234.
Plainsong and Medieval Music Society
The Plainsong and Medieval Music Society (PMMS), also spelled as the Plainsong and Mediæval Music Society, is an English music society. Founded in 1888, the PMMS primarily researches, promotes and produces publications on medieval music, particularly the liturgical chant from that time to the present. A registered charity since 1987, it has been particularly influential in encouraging the revival of Anglican chant. Musicologists associated with the PMMS include H. B. Briggs, Anselm Hughes, G. H. Palmer, and George Ratcliffe Woodward, and more recently Gustave Reese, D. H. Turner, John Stevens, Christopher Page and Margaret Bent.

The society is best known for its publications, which number over a hundred; most of them are either essays on, or editions of, plainchant. Through Cambridge University Press, it publishes the journal Plainsong and Medieval Music twice a year, previously known as the Journal of the Plainsong & Mediaeval Music Society.

Margaret Bent
Margaret Bent CBE FBA, (born Margaret Hilda Bassington; 23 December 1940) is an English musicologist who specialises in music of the late medieval and Renaissance eras. In particular, she has written extensively on the Old Hall Manuscript, English masses as well as the works of Johannes Ciconia and John Dunstaple.
1984 Virginia ballot measures
The 1984 Virginia State Elections took place on Election Day, November 6, 1984, the same day as the U.S. Presidential, U.S. Senate, and U.S. House elections in the state. The only statewide elections on the ballot were two constitutional referendums  to amend the Virginia State Constitution. Because Virginia state elections are held on off-years, no statewide officers or state legislative elections were held. All referendums were referred to the voters by the Virginia General Assembly.

1984 United States House of Representatives elections
The 1984 United States House of Representatives elections was an election for the United States House of Representatives on November 6, 1984, to elect members to serve in the 99th United States Congress. They coincided with the re-election of President Ronald Reagan in a landslide. This victory also yielded gains for Reagan's Republican Party in the House, where they picked up a net of sixteen seats from the Democratic Party. Despite Reagan's extremely large electoral victory, the Democrats nonetheless retained a commanding majority in the House and actually gained seats in the Senate. These elections were the last until 2020 when a member of a political party other than the Democrats, Republicans, or an independent had one or more seats in the chamber.

This would be the last time for eight years that the Democrats experienced a net loss of seats in the House.
Dorothy Burney Richards
Dorothy Burney Richards (April 7, 1894 – August 1, 1985) was an American conservationist. She is known for founding and operating Beaversprite with her husband Al Richards. Beaversprite is a tamed beaver sanctuary in Fulton County, New York.

Fulton County, New York
Fulton County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. It forms part of the state's Mohawk Valley region. Its county seat is Johnstown. At the 2020 U.S. census, the county had a population of 53,324. The county is named in honor of Robert Fulton, who is widely credited with developing the first commercially successful steamboat. The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.
Shivam Sharma (cricketer, born 1995)
Shivam Sharma (born 14 November 1995) is an Indian cricketer. He made his List A debut on 20 February 2021, for Uttar Pradesh in the 2020–21 Vijay Hazare Trophy. He made his Twenty20 debut on 4 November 2021, for Uttar Pradesh in the 2021–22 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.

Uttar Pradesh cricket team
The Uttar Pradesh cricket team, formerly United Provinces Cricket Team, is a domestic cricket team which is based in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, run by the Uttar Pradesh Cricket Association. The team competes in the first-class cricket tournament Ranji Trophy and limited-overs Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. They have won the Ranji Trophy in 2005–06 and have been runners-up on five occasions. Cricketers such as Suresh Raina, Mohammad Kaif, Piyush Chawla, Rudra Pratap Singh, Praveen Kumar, Bhuvneshwar Kumar and Kuldeep Yadav have passed through Uttar Pradesh and gone on to represent India.
Global commons
Global commons is a concept to describe international, supranational, and global resource domains in which common-pool resources are found. They are "areas that lie outside of the political reach of any one nation State". Global commons include the earth's shared natural resources, such as the high seas (international waters), the atmosphere and outer space and the Antarctic in particular. The global commons concept investigates how those shared resources that lie outside of national borders can be managed or governed.

Anti-satellite weapon
Anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) are space weapons designed to incapacitate or destroy satellites for strategic or tactical purposes. Although no ASAT system has yet been utilized in warfare, a few countries (China, India, Russia, and the United States) have successfully shot down their own satellites to demonstrate their ASAT capabilities in a show of force. ASATs have also been used to remove decommissioned satellites.

ASAT roles include: defensive measures against an adversary's space-based and nuclear weapons, a force multiplier for a nuclear first strike, a countermeasure against an adversary's anti-ballistic missile defense (ABM), an asymmetric counter to a technologically superior adversary, and a counter-value weapon.

Use of ASATs generates space debris, which can collide with other satellites and generate more space debris. A cascading multiplication of space debris could cause Earth to suffer from Kessler syndrome.
Pimelea plurinervia
Pimelea plurinervia is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to north-eastern Queensland. It is a shrub with densely hairy young stems, elliptic leaves and heads of 24 to 45 white, tube-shaped flowers.

Thymelaeaceae
The Thymelaeaceae /ˌθɪmɪliːˈeɪsiː, -siˌaɪ/ are a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants composed of 50 genera (listed below) and 898 species. It was established in 1789 by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The Thymelaeaceae are mostly trees and shrubs, with a few vines and herbaceous plants, the latter including some annual species.
Egletes viscosa
Egletes viscosa, the erect tropical daisy, is a New World species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across much of South America, Central America, Mexico, and the West Indies, just barely crossing the US border into the southernmost county in Texas (Cameron County).

Egletes viscosa is an annual, aromatic herb up to 60 cm (2 feet) tall, covered with glandular and non-glandular hairs. One plant can produce several flower heads, each with white or pale blue ray florets and yellow disc florets.

Borders of the United States
The United States has land borders with Canada to the North and Mexico to the South and a maritime boundary with Russia to the West, as well as maritime boundaries with several much smaller countries of the diverse exclusive economic zone of the United States (EEZ).

All of the United States maritime borders with Canada are at least partially disputed, and its territorial claims on three Caribbean islands are disputed.
Second Revised Dwikora Cabinet
The Second Revised Dwikora Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Dwikora Yang Disempurnakan Lagi) was the Indonesian cabinet which served under President Sukarno from March 1966 until July 1966. The cabinet was formed after Lieutenant General Suharto, using the powers that Sukarno gave to him through Supersemar, arrested 15 ministers from the Revised Dwikora Cabinet who were suspected of being sympathizers of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI).

Cabinet of Indonesia
The Cabinet of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Kabinet Republik Indonesia) is part of the executive branch of the Indonesian government. It is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the government serving under the president. Members of the Cabinet (except for the vice president) serves at the president's pleasure, who can dismiss them at will for no cause.

Indonesia has seen dozens of cabinets since independence in 1945. Although after the New Order most cabinets remained unchanged for five years at a time. Most cabinets are referred to by the names given them at the time of formation. The current presidential cabinet is the Red and White Cabinet of Prabowo Subianto.
Franklin High School (New Jersey)
Franklin High School (FHS) is a comprehensive four-year public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades, located in the Somerset section of Franklin Township in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone secondary school of the Franklin Township Public Schools.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,134 students and 180.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.9:1. There were 905 students (42.4% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 166 (7.8% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Comprehensive high school
Comprehensive high schools are the most widely adopted form of public high schools around the world, designed to provide a well-rounded education to its students. The typical comprehensive high school offers more than one course program of specialization to its students. Comprehensive high schools generally offer a college preparatory course program and one or more foreign language, scientific or vocational course programs. Alternatively, in some educational systems examinations are used to sort students into different high schools for different populations. Other types of high schools specialize in university-preparatory school academic preparation, remedial instruction, or vocational instruction.
Charlotta Ehrenpohl
Charlotta Sophia "Lotten" Ehrenpohl (1841–1914), was a Swedish Bridgettines nun and painter.

She converted to Catholicism in 1875. In 1877, she entered to Brigettine convent Maria Haart in Weert in the Netherlands. She became known as a painter, making religious paintings for churches and convents.

Bridgettines
The Bridgettines, or Birgittines, formally known as the Order of the Most Holy Saviour (Latin: Ordo Sanctissimi Salvatoris; abbreviated OSsS), is a monastic religious order of the Catholic Church founded by Saint Birgitta (Bridget of Sweden) in 1344 and approved by Pope Urban V in 1370.  They follow the Rule of Saint Augustine. There are today several different branches of Bridgettines.
St James House, Monmouth
St James House is a grade II listed building in Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales. It is in the historic St James Square neighbourhood, within the medieval town walls. While the house currently has an attractive, 18th-century facade, it originated as a burgage tenement. In addition, behind the house, evidence of a kiln has been unearthed, with both Medieval and Post-medieval pottery. In 2010, archaeological excavation in the square revealed the first evidence of Mesolithic human settlement in Monmouth. Recent residents of St James House have included boarding students from Monmouth School.

Monmouth
Monmouth (/ˈmɒnməθ/ MON-məth or /ˈmʌn-/ MUN-; Welsh: Trefynwy, lit. 'Town on the Monnow') is a market town and community in Monmouthshire, Wales, situated on where the River Monnow joins the River Wye, two miles (three kilometres) from the Wales–England border. The population in the 2011 census was 10,508, rising from 8,877 in 2001. Monmouth was the county town of historic Monmouthshire, although Abergavenny is the largest settlement and Monmouthshire County Council has its main offices at Rhadyr, just outside Usk. Monmouth is in the UK Parliament constituency of Monmouthshire and the Senedd constituency of Monmouth.

The town was the site of a small Roman fort, Blestium, and became established after the Normans built Monmouth Castle c. 1067. The medieval stone gated bridge is the only one of its type remaining in Britain. The castle later came into the possession of the House of Lancaster, and was the birthplace of King Henry V in 1386.
Kōfukuron
"Kōfukuron" (幸福論, lit.The theory of happiness) is the debut single by Japanese singer Ringo Sheena and it was released on May 27, 1998 by  Toshiba EMI, East World.
Since Sheena suddenly gained popularity, it was decided that this single was resold as a 12 cm single. 
New edition, including the new song, was re-released with the fourth single "Honnō" on October 27, 1999. The 1999 edition was certified gold by the RIAJ for 200,000 copies shipped to stores.

Recording Industry Association of Japan
The Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) (日本レコード協会, Nihon Rekōdo Kyōkai) is an industry trade group composed of Japanese corporations involved in the music industry. It was founded in 1942 as the Japan Phonogram Record Cultural Association, and adopted its current name in 1969.

The RIAJ's activities include promotion of music sales, enforcement of copyright law, and research related to the Japanese music industry. It publishes the annual RIAJ Year Book, a statistical summary of each year's music sales, as well as distributing a variety of other data.

Headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, the RIAJ has twenty member companies and a smaller number of associate and supporting members; some member companies are the Japanese branches of multinational corporations headquartered elsewhere.

The association is responsible for certifying gold and platinum albums and singles in Japan.
Unconquered (1947 film)
Unconquered is a 1947 American historical epic adventure film produced and directed by Cecil B. DeMille and starring Gary Cooper and Paulette Goddard. The supporting cast features Boris Karloff, Cecil Kellaway, Ward Bond, Howard da Silva, Katherine DeMille (the director's daughter), C. Aubrey Smith and Mike Mazurki. Released by Paramount Pictures, the film depicts the violent struggles between American colonists and Native Americans on the western frontier in the mid-18th century during the 1763 Pontiac's Rebellion, primarily around Fort Pitt (modern-day Pittsburgh). The film is characterized by DeMille's lavish style, including colourful costumes and sets, thousands of extras, violence, and sensationalism.

Mike Mazurki
Mike Mazurki (December 25, 1907 – December 9, 1990, born Markiian Yulianovych Mazurkevych) was a Ukrainian-American actor and professional wrestler who appeared in more than 142 films. Although educated as an attorney, his hulking 6 ft 5 in (196 cm) presence, craggy face, and croaking voice had him often typecast as brainless athletes, tough guys, thugs, and gangsters. Memorable roles included Moose Malloy in Murder, My Sweet (1944), Splitface in Dick Tracy (1945), Yusuf in Sinbad the Sailor (1947), and "The Strangler" in Night and the City (1950). He was the founder and first president of the Cauliflower Alley Club.
Ronald Prent
Ronald Prent is a Dutch mix engineer best known for pioneering in surround sound mixing and immersive audio. In 2019, Prent received a Grammy nomination in the category of “Best Immersive Audio Album” for the Engine-EarZ Experiment album Symbol. He has also worked with Rammstein, The Scorpions, Mink DeVille, Udo Lindenberg, Tina Turner. Def Leppard, Freddie Mercury, Queensryche, Celine Dion, Dire Straits, the Police, and Herbert Grönemeyer.

Herbert Grönemeyer
Herbert Arthur Wiglev Clamor Grönemeyer (born 12 April 1956) is a German singer, musician, producer, composer and actor, popular in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

Grönemeyer starred as war correspondent Lieutenant Werner in Wolfgang Petersen's 1981 film Das Boot, but later focused on his musical career. His fifth album 4630 Bochum (1984) and his 11th album Mensch (2002) are the fifth- and second-best-selling records in Germany respectively, making Grönemeyer the most successful artist in Germany with combined album sales over 13 million.
Charles S. Olcott
Charles S. Olcott (1864 - May 4, 1935) was an American non-fiction writer. Born in Terre Haute, Indiana, he graduated from DePauw University and worked in publishing as the general manager of the private library of Houghton Mifflin. He was the author of four books, including a two-volume biography of President William McKinley.

DePauw University
DePauw University (/dəˈpɔː/ də-PAW) is a private liberal arts college in Greencastle, Indiana, United States. It was founded in 1837 as Indiana Asbury College and changed its name to DePauw University in 1884. The college has a Methodist heritage and was founded to be an ecumenical institution of national stature, "conducted on the most liberal principles, accessible to all religious denominations and designed for the benefit of our citizens in general".

In 2023, DePauw had an enrollment of about 1,800 students. Its residential campus is located 45 miles (72 km) west of Indianapolis and is spread across 175 acres (71 ha) and 36 buildings, with an additional 520-acre (210 ha) DePauw Nature Park.
Plumieux
Plumieux (French pronunciation: [plymjø]; Breton: Pluvaeg; Gallo: Ploemioec) is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France. On 1 January 2025, the former commune of Le Cambout and Coëtlogon were merged into Plumieux.

Inhabitants of Plumieux are called plumetais and plumetaise in French.

Côtes-d'Armor
The Côtes-d'Armor (/koʊt dɑːrmər/ koht dar-mər, /-dɑːrmɔːr/ -⁠dar-mor; French pronunciation: [kot daʁmɔʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Aodoù-an-Arvor, [ˈoːdu ãn ˈarvor]), formerly known as Côtes-du-Nord until 1990 (Breton: Aodoù-an-Hanternoz, [ˈoːdu ãn ˌhãntɛrˈnoːs]), is a department in the north of Brittany, in northwestern France. In 2019, it had a population of 600,582.
Weohstan, ealdorman of Wiltshire
Weohstan (died  802) was the ealdorman of Wiltshire, part of the kingdom of Wessex, at the beginning of the ninth century. In 802 King Beorhtric died, and on the same day ealdorman Æthelmund of the Hwicce invaded Wiltshire. He was met by a Wiltshire army under Weohstan, which defeated the invasion and both ealdormen were killed in the battle.

According to a poem in the fifteenth century Chronicon Vilodunense, Weohstan founded Wilton Abbey, and his wife Alburga, the half-sister of Beorhtric's successor, King Ecgberht, later became the abbess. This story is accepted by some historians, but rejected by Sarah Foot and Elizabeth Crittall.

Hwicce
Hwicce (Old English: [ˈʍittʃe]) was a kingdom in Anglo-Saxon England. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the kingdom was established in 577, after the Battle of Deorham. After 628, the kingdom became a client or sub-kingdom of Mercia as a result of the Battle of Cirencester.

The Tribal Hidage assessed Hwicce at 7,000 hides, an agricultural economy akin to either the kingdom of Essex or Sussex.

The exact boundaries of the kingdom remain uncertain, though it is likely that they coincided with those of the old Diocese of Worcester, founded in 679–680, the early bishops of which bore the title Episcopus Hwicciorum. The kingdom would therefore have included Worcestershire except the northwestern tip, Gloucestershire except the Forest of Dean, the southwestern half of Warwickshire, the neighbourhood of Bath north of the Avon, part of west Oxfordshire and small parts of Herefordshire, Shropshire, Staffordshire and north-west Wiltshire.