hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wonderfonteinspruit
The Wonderfonteinspruit is a small river situated in the Highveld region of South Africa. Its source has been disputed in the past, although it is now accepted that the river originates in the West Rand of Gauteng between Krugersdorp and Randfontein, at the Tudor Dam, which was initially used as a storage dam for the Luiperdsvlei Gold Plant. In the past the river received a majority of its water from karst springs along its course. The river flows through one of the richest gold-producing areas in the world, which led to the dolomitic compartments which fed the river being dewatered to make way for mining activities. This led to the drying up of the karst springs that fed the river.

Dolomite (mineral)
Dolomite (/ˈdɒl.əˌmaɪt, ˈdoʊ.lə-/) is an anhydrous carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate, ideally CaMg(CO3)2. The term is also used for a sedimentary carbonate rock composed mostly of the mineral dolomite (see Dolomite (rock)). An alternative name sometimes used for the dolomitic rock type is dolostone.
Peggy Adam
Peggy Adam (born 1974) is a French comic book artist and illustrator. She studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Saint-Étienne, at the OCAD University in Toronto, and at the ESI (Ecole Supérieure de l'Image) in Angoulême.

She created posters for the Angoulême International Comics Festival, Tulle's theater, and cartoons for French national newspapers and magazines such as Le Monde, Libération, Femme Actuelle, Femina, and Bang. She now lives in Geneva and holds a regular comics section in the daily newspaper Le Courrier.

Her most famous graphic novel, Luchadoras, which was part of the Sélection Officielle of the Angoulême International Comics Festival, was first published by Swiss publisher Atrabile in 2006. It was published by UK-based publisher Blank Slate Books in early 2011. She also published three other books with Atrabile, all part of the Plus ou Moins... series: Plus ou moins... le printemps in 2005, Plus ou moins... l'été in 2006 and Plus ou moins... l'automne in 2007.

Le Courrier
Le Courrier (French pronunciation: [lə kuʁje], lit. 'The Mail') is a Swiss French-language daily newspaper published in Geneva. Founded on 5 January 1868, it was originally supported by the Roman Catholic Church, but has been completely independent since 1996.
Muslim Southeast Asia
Muslim Southeast Asia refers to the areas of Southeast Asia that have significant populations of Muslims. It includes:

Most parts of Indonesia including most of Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, West Nusa Tenggara, Maluku Islands and Sulawesi (Java and Sumatra alone have the majority of Indonesia's population).

Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah

Brunei

Southern Philippines (Bangsamoro)

Patani region and Satun

Westernmost parts of Myanmar, near the Bangladeshi border.

Culturally, it would also include the Malay people of Singapore (which was historically a Malay Muslim populated island), several (mainly coastal) ethnic groups of Sarawak such as Melanau, Bisaya, Narom, Seru, Miriek, Kedayan and Sarawak Malays, Cham people of Cambodia and Vietnam, and other Muslim community in Southeast Asia.

Miriek people
Miriek people (Malay: Orang Miriek, Miriek: Jatti Miriek), also spelled Meirek or Mirek are an Austronesian ethnic group indigenous to Miri in eastern Sarawak, Malaysia. They are the autochthonous people of the city of Miri and its surrounding areas.
Ortensia Poncarale Maggi
Ortensia Poncarale Maggi (1732–1811) was an Italian painter. Her maiden name is sometimes given as Poncarli or Poncarali.

Maggi was born in Brescia, the daughter of Ercole Poncarli (or Poncarale) and Chiara Rodengo. In 1762 she married count Annibale Camillo Maggi-Via. She lived in Parma for many years. Maggi studied painting with Francesco Monti, and worked in oil and pastels. In 1760 she was admitted to the Accademia di belle arti di Parma of Parma, and in 1761 she became a member of the Accademia di Belle Arti di Bologna. The reception piece which she produced for the former, a pastel of a farm girl with a basket of fruit, is kept in the Galleria nazionale di Parma, and is today her only surviving work.

Galleria nazionale di Parma
The Galleria nazionale di Parma is an art gallery in Parma, northern Italy.

Painters exhibited in the museum include Beato Angelico, Fra Angelico, Canaletto, Ludovico Carracci (The Funeral of the Virgin Mary), Agostino Carracci (Madonna and Child with Saints), Correggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Sebastiano del Piombo, Guercino (Susannah and the Elders), Parmigianino (Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine), Tintoretto, and others.
The Discarnates
The Discarnates (Japanese: 異人たちとの夏, Hepburn: Ijin Tachi to no Natsu) is a 1988 Japanese fantasy drama mystery film directed by Nobuhiko Obayashi from a screenplay by Shin'ichi Ichikawa, based on the novel Strangers by Taichi Yamada.

Produced and distributed by Shochiku, the film was released in Japan on September 15, 1988. It was screened at the 16th Moscow International Film Festival where it competed for the Golden St. George but lost to Maurizio Nichetti's The Icicle Thief.

The Icicle Thief
The Icicle Thief (Italian: Ladri di saponette, lit. 'Soap Thieves') is a 1989 Italian comedy film directed by Maurizio Nichetti, titled in imitation of Vittorio De Sica's 1948 classic Italian neorealist film The Bicycle Thief (Italian: Ladri di biciclette). Some feel The Icicle Thief was created as a spoof of neorealism, which predominated Italian cinema after World War II. However, it is generally understood that the film is critical of the impact of consumerism on art, as suggested by the contrast between the nested film and commercials, and the apathy of Italian television viewers in recognising the difference between the two. The film won the Golden St. George at the 16th Moscow International Film Festival.
A Desert Wooing
A Desert Wooing is a 1918 American drama silent film directed by Jerome Storm and written by J.G. Hawks. The film stars Enid Bennett, Jack Holt, Donald MacDonald, J. P. Lockney and Charles Spere. The film was released on June 23, 1918, by Paramount Pictures. The film has been preserved and was released on DVD format in 2012. It was the screen debut of actress Irene Rich in an uncredited role.

Jerome Storm
Jerome Storm (November 11, 1890 – July 10, 1958) was an American film director, actor, and writer. He acted in 48 films between 1914 and 1941 and directed 47 films between 1918 and 1932. He was born in Denver, Colorado, and died in Desert Hot Springs, California.
Steevy Gustave
Steevy Gustave (born 5 February 1970) is a French politician, dancer and artistic producer. A member of The Ecologists, he was elected deputy of the National Assembly in July 2024 in the Essonne's 3rd constituency.

Idir (singer)
Hamid Cheriet (Kabyle: Ḥamid Ceryat; 25 October 1945 – 2 May 2020), better known by his stage name Idir, was an Algerian Kabyle singer-songwriter and musician. Referred to as the "King of Amazigh music", he is regarded as one of the most significant modern day figures in Algerian and Amazigh culture, history, and struggle.

Initially training to be a geologist, his interest for music was piqued when he was called to sing on state radio as a late substitute. After finishing his compulsory military service, he moved to France in 1975 and embarked on his career in music. Idir took a hiatus during the 1980s before returning in 1993. He was a passionate advocate of the Kabyle and Berber cultures.
HMS Pellew
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Pellew, after Admiral Sir Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, or his brother, Admiral Sir Israel Pellew. A fourth was planned but renamed before being launched:

HMS Pellew (1916) was an Admiralty M-class destroyer launched in 1916. She was sold in 1921 and broken up in 1923.

HMS Pellew was to have been a destroyer, ordered in 1942. The order was cancelled and transferred to another shipyard, and she was launched in 1944 as the C-class destroyer HMS Carysfort (R25).

HMS Pellew (F62) was a Blackwood-class frigate launched in 1954 and sold in 1971.

HMS Pellew (1982) was a stone frigate of the Royal Naval Reserve in Exeter.  She was decommissioned in 1994.

HMS Carysfort (R25)
HMS Carysfort was a C-class destroyer of the Royal Navy. She was ordered in 1941, originally under the name HMS Pique.

Her name was changed to conform with the initials "Ca" to her seven sister ships. She is named after John Proby, a politician who was also a Lord of the Admiralty in 1750. In 1752 he was created Baron Carysfort. His son, William Proby, Lord Proby, and his grandson, Granville Proby, 3rd Earl of Carysfort, were both naval officers, the latter eventually became an Admiral. She was the fifth Royal Navy warship to carry the name Carysfort. She was built and engined by J. Samuel White & Co. The keel was to be laid down on 4 May 1943 but was delayed until 12 May 1943 because of German bombing raids. She was launched on 25 July 1944 and completed on 20 February 1945. Her original pennant number was R25 changing to D25 after the Second World War.
Tatarchev Nunatak
Tatarchev Nunatak (Bulgarian: Татарчев нунатак, ‘Tatarchev Nunatak’ \ta-'tar-chev 'nu-na-tak\) is the rocky ridge rising to 645 m (central height) and 659 m (eastern one) and horseshoe-shaped, extending 3.2 km in north-south direction and 2.2 km in east-west direction on Oscar II Coast in Graham Land. It is part of the glacial divide between Hektoria Glacier to the west and Brenitsa Glacier to the east.  The feature is named after Hristo Tatarchev (1869-1952), a leader of the Bulgarian liberation movement in Macedonia.

Hektoria Glacier
Hektoria Glacier (65°3′S 61°31′W﻿ / ﻿65.050°S 61.517°W﻿ / -65.050; -61.517) is a glacier flowing south from the area around Mount Johnston between Mount Quandary and Zagreus Ridge into Vaughan Inlet next west of Brenitsa Glacier and east of Green Glacier, on the east coast of the Antarctic Peninsula.

The name "Hektoria Fiords" was given by Sir Hubert Wilkins during his flight of 20 December 1928, after the SS Hektoria, which had brought him to Deception Island. Following survey by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1947, the feature could not be identified; however, during further survey by FIDS in 1955, Wilkins' "long ice-filled fiords" were found to be this glacier and two short unnamed ones.

Between early 2022 and mid 2023, the glacier retreated 25 km in 15 months, including 8 km in just two months in November and December 2022, by a factor of ten the fastest rate of glacier collapse ever observed.
Charles Leete Attenborough
Charles Leete Attenborough (12 January 1853 - 6 March 1937) was an English solicitor and barrister, judge, and legal scholar.

Attenborough was admitted as a solicitor in 1875 and then called to the bar by Inner Temple in 1891. He practiced on the Midland Circuit from chambers in the Temple, London.  From 1892 to 1912 he wrote the sixth to twelfth editions of Harris's Principles of the Criminal Law. He was an alderman of Middlesex and chairman of the county licensing committee, and from 1918 to 1936 he was the Recorder of Great Grimsby.

Harris's Criminal Law
Harris's Criminal Law (originally published as Principles of the Criminal Law and also known as Harris and Wilshere's Criminal Law) was a leading textbook on English criminal law published in 22 editions from 1877 to 1973.
The Association of Private Museums of Russia
The Association of Private and People's Museums of Russia (before August 2021 — the Association of Private Museums of Russia) is a non-profit organization founded in 2018 that unites private museums of Russia and museum specialists on a voluntary basis. The Association represents the interests of the museum community before the executive authorities and offers a permanent platform for private museums for open dialogue and sharing experience.; The mission of the Association is to popularize Russian folk culture, preserve the cultural code and cultural heritage, promote museum pedagogy and cultural tourism.

Museum education
Museum education is a specialized field devoted to developing and strengthening the education role of informal education spaces and institutions such as museums.

In a critical report called Excellence and Equity published in 1992 by the American Association of Museums, the educational role of museums was identified as the core to museums' service to the public. As museum education has developed as a field of study and interest in its own right, efforts have been made to record its history and to establish a research agenda to strengthen its position as a discipline in the wider work of museums.
Emily Andras
Emily Andras is a Canadian television screenwriter, showrunner, and producer. She is known for creating the beloved cult genre television series Wynonna Earp and for serving as executive producer and showrunner of Lost Girl (seasons 3 and 4).

Showrunner
A showrunner is the top-level executive producer of a television series. The position outranks other creative and management personnel, including episode directors, in contrast to feature films, in which the director has creative control over the production, and the executive producer's role is limited to investing. In scripted comedy and drama TV shows, the showrunner also usually serves as the head writer (or its most prolific writer). The role of a showrunner is not present on all television series, especially outside the United States; this article describes the nature of the role where it is present.
Th 9 cell
In cell biology, TH9 cells (T helper type 9 cells, CD4+IL-9+IL-13−IFNγ − ) are a sub-population of CD4+T cells that produce interleukin-9 (IL-9). They play a role in defense against helminth infections, in allergic responses, in autoimmunity, and tumor suppression.

Allergic response
An allergic response is a hypersensitive immune reaction to a substance that normally is harmless or would not cause an immune response in everyone. An allergic response may cause harmful symptoms such as itching or inflammation or tissue injury.
Arbovirus
Arbovirus is an informal name for any virus that is transmitted by arthropod vectors. The term arbovirus is a portmanteau word (arthropod-borne virus). Tibovirus (tick-borne virus) is sometimes used to more specifically describe viruses transmitted by ticks, a superorder within the arthropods. Arboviruses can affect both animals (including humans) and plants. In humans, symptoms of arbovirus infection usually occur 3–15 days after exposure to the virus and last three or four days. The most common clinical features of infection are fever, headache, and malaise, but other features of viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome and encephalitis may also occur.

Viral hemorrhagic fever
Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are a diverse group of infectious diseases. "Viral" refers to a virus being the etiologic factor (as opposed to, for instance, a parasite or a bacterium), "hemorrhagic" as in "bleeding-associated," and "fever" meaning an unusually high body temperature. Indeed, bleeding and fever are typically the most prevalent and severe symptoms of VHFs.

There are five known families of (RNA) viruses known to cause hemorrhagic fever: Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, Flaviviridae, Hantaviridae, and Rhabdoviridae. Some VHFs are considered mild, such as nephropathia epidemica (caused by a hantavirus), while others tend to be debilitating or even lethal, such as ebola fever (caused by a filovirus). All VHFs have the potential to result in hypotension, high fever, and death.

Both humans and non-human animals can be infected. VHFs are often zoonoses, meaning they can be transmitted from wild animals to human populations; for instance, the Lassa arenavirus is spread by mice.
Train of Knowledge
The Train of Knowledge was an Australian school camp on wheels, allowing students and teachers to visit multiple locations around Victoria without having to organise accommodation or transport.

The first run was organised by Macleod High School, which chartered a train in March 1958, taking 200 students from Melbourne to Warrnambool, Hamilton, Portland, Stawell, Bendigo, Echuca, Kyabram and back.

The Victorian Railways operated the train through to 1976. Its successors, VicRail and the Public Transport Corporation, operated the service until 1989, when the service was withdrawn. All the carriages were preserved, and most ended up with the Seymour Railway Heritage Centre, which continued to run tours on occasion until 2004.

Macleod College
Macleod College is a co-educational, Prep to Year Twelve school located on the corner of May and Carwarp Streets, Macleod, Melbourne, Australia. Information on the Primary can be found at macleodcollegeprimary.edublogs.org. The College grew out of the merger of Macleod High School and Macleod Primary School in 2000.  It has two sister schools, the Geschwister Scholl Gymnasium (GSG) in Düsseldorf, Germany, and the Hauibei Experimental School in the Anhui province in China and has an international student program.

Macleod College is next to the Macleod railway station and Macleod kindergarten. It shares facilities with the adjacent Banyule NETS stadium.

In 2010 Macleod College obtained funds through the National School Pride Program to renovate its Year Seven area to an open-plan design and the Primary Schools for the 21st Century program to build a new wing for Grade 3-6 students.
1897 Minor Counties Championship
The 1897 Minor Counties Championship was the third running of the Minor Counties Cricket Championship, and ran from 7 June to 28 August 1897. Having been unbeaten for the entire season, Worcestershire won their second consecutive outright title, having also shared the title in 1895. Staffordshire were level in the table with Worcestershire, but played an insufficient number of matches to be considered co-champions. Sixteen teams competed in the championship, with Cornwall, Dorset and Monmouthshire all competing for the first time, though none of them played the minimum of eight matches.

The leading run-scorer, Arthur Croome of Berkshire, also had the highest individual score of the season, 158 against Hertfordshire. The leading wicket-taker for the second consecutive season, Buckinghamshire's George Nash, took three ten wicket match hauls, including 16/74 against Oxfordshire.

Oxfordshire County Cricket Club
Oxfordshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Oxfordshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Oxfordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1967 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
The Bombing Islands
The Bombing Islands is a puzzle video game developed and published by Kemco for the PlayStation. It was later re-released for Nintendo 64 as Charlie Blast's Territory (whose working title was Charlie Blast's Challenge) in 1999 in North America on April 2, and in Europe on June 18. A cell phone game named "The Bombing Island" was also released in 2003 by Kemco, but with graphics from the game Bombuzal with the main character changed to Kid Clown.

Kemco
Kemco Co., Ltd. (株式会社ケムコ, Kabushiki gaisha Kemuko), from Kotobuki Engineering & Manufacturing Co., Ltd., is a Japanese video game developer and publisher established in 1984. It is headquartered in Kure, Hiroshima.

Its best known franchises are the Kid Klown and Top Gear series, the latter developed by Sheffield-based English developers Gremlin Graphics.
Afghanistan–Turkey relations
Ahmet Davutoğlu has described bilateral relations between Afghanistan and Turkey as "exemplary" even if the two countries do not border each other, but are close. Afghanistan was the second nation to recognize the Republic of Turkey, after the Soviet Union, on 1 March 1923.

Both countries established education and cultural exchange programs. Turkish schools were established in Afghanistan. Furthermore, Turkish army officers assisted or even commanded the training of Afghan military members. The foreign relations of Afghanistan have changed so much politically, socially, and economically. Today the relations between the two countries go beyond giving military education. Afghanistan has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate-general in Istanbul, while Turkey has an embassy in Kabul. Turkey is a large aid provider to Afghanistan.

Amanullah Khan
Ghazi Amanullah Khan Barakzai (1 June 1892 – 26 April 1960) was Emir of Afghanistan from 1919 to 1926, and then King of Afghanistan from 1926 until his abdication in 1929. After the end of the Third Anglo-Afghan War in August 1919, Afghanistan was able to relinquish its protected state status to proclaim independence and pursue an independent foreign policy free from the influence of the United Kingdom.

His rule was marked by dramatic political and social change, including attempts to modernize Afghanistan along Western lines. He did not fully succeed in achieving this objective due to an uprising by Habibullah Kalakani and his followers. On 14 January 1929, Amanullah abdicated and fled to neighbouring British India as the Afghan Civil War began to escalate. From British India, he went to Europe, where after 30 years in exile, he died in Zürich, Switzerland on 26 April 1960. His body was brought to Afghanistan and buried in Jalalabad near his father Habibullah Khan's tomb.
Éric Millot
Éric Millot (12 December 1968) is a French former competitive figure skater. He is the 1993 European bronze medalist, the 1995–96 Champions Series Final bronze medalist, and a four-time (1990–93) French national champion. He represented France at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, where he placed 15th, and at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, where he placed 7th.  He is also the first skater to land a triple loop-triple loop combination in competition. With wife Valerie and young daughter, the Millot family moved to California (Palm Springs and then San Diego) in the late 1990s.  While in San Diego, Millot skated with Sea World summer nights skating show and coached at local rinks.  His son was born in 2006.  In 2013, Millot relocated to the Toyota Sports Center in El Segundo, California to coach alongside Frank Carroll.

1995–96 Champions Series Final
The 1995–96 ISU Champions Series Final was an elite figure skating competition held in Paris, France from February 23 through 25, 1996. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

The Champions Series Final was the culminating event of the ISU Champions Series, which consisted of Skate America, Skate Canada International, Nations Cup, Trophée de France, and NHK Trophy. The top six skaters from each discipline competed in the final.
Elizabeth Bainbridge
Elizabeth Bainbridge (28 March 1930 – 8 December 2024) was an English and British opera singer. Her career in singing spanned several decades. She achieved most of her successes while a member of the company of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, London. Bainbridge was a mezzo-soprano and contralto.

Contralto
A contralto (Italian pronunciation: [konˈtralto]) is a classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest of their voice types.

The contralto voice type is fairly rare. A contralto's range is similar to that of a mezzo-soprano, and almost identical to that of a countertenor – typically from the F below middle C (F3 in scientific pitch notation) to the second F above middle C (F5), although, at the extremes, some voices can reach the D below middle C (D3) or the second B♭ above middle C (B♭5). The contralto voice type includes coloratura, lyric, and dramatic contraltos.