hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spilsby railway station
Spilsby railway station was a railway station in the market town of Spilsby, Lincolnshire, England. The station stood on a four mile long branch line between Spilsby and Firsby Junction, where it connected with the main line from Cleethorpes to London, and was opened on 1 May 1868. However, traffic on the line soon slumped, and the line was bought by the Great Northern Railway in 1890. In 1939 passenger services on the line were suspended, leaving only a goods service which itself ceased in 1958, when the railway station and line were closed.

Spilsby branch
The Spilsby branch was a railway line built in Lincolnshire, England by the Spilsby and Firsby Railway Company. It was made to connect the market town of Spilsby with the main line network. It opened in 1868, and was worked by the Great Northern Railway.

The Company was never financially successful, and its proprietors sold it to the Great Northern Railway in 1891. The passenger service was withdrawn as an economy measure on the outbreak of World War II in 1939 and never reinstated, and the line closed completely in 1958.
Nikolay Bogdanov
Nikolay Ivanovich Bogdanov (Russian: Граф Михаил Андреевич Милорадович; 28 August 1751 - 16 March 1829) was a Russian general who participated in the wars against Napoleonic France. He received numerous awards and decorations for his work and with his experience also later fought the Ottoman Turks. In the Napoleonic Wars, he took part in the hard-fought Battle of Borodino. Bogdanov also served as Governor of Tula Governorate.

Order of Saint George (Russia)
The Order of Saint George (Russian: Орден Святого Георгия, romanized: Orden Svyatogo Georgiya) is the highest military decoration of the Russian Federation. It was originally established on 26 November 1769 Julian (7 December 1769 Gregorian) as the highest military decoration of the Russian Empire for commissioned officers and generals by Empress Catherine the Great. After the October Revolution in 1917, it was awarded by the White movement under Alexander Kolchak until their collapse in 1921. The order was revived in the Russian Federation on 20 March 1992 by Decree No.1463 of the President of Russia. The current award criteria were amended on 7 September 2010 by Presidential Decree 1099.
Bitemarks and Bloodstains
"Bitemarks and Bloodstains" is a song by the American rock band Finch. It is the twelfth track on the band's second studio album Say Hello to Sunshine, and was released as a single on May 17, 2005, through Geffen Records. "Bitemarks and Bloodstains" was released to radio on June 21, 2005. It was subsequently released through other labels internationally in a variety of formats with various bonus tracks. Vocalist Nate Barcalow said "Bitemarks and Bloodstains" was the first song Finch wrote for Say Hello to Sunshine and it "makes the transition between the old and the new sound."

Geffen Records
Geffen Records (formerly The David Geffen Company from 1980 to 1992 and Geffen Records Inc. from 1993 to 2004) is an American record label owned by Interscope Geffen A&M (IGA), a division of the Interscope Capitol Labels Group, which is owned by Universal Music Group. It was founded in 1980 by David Geffen, as a music subsidiary of his then film company Geffen Pictures, with financial and distribution support from Warner Bros. Records.

In 1990, the label was sold to MCA Music Entertainment, which later became part of Universal Music Group (UMG) through acquisitions by Panasonic and Seagram. Since its merger into the Interscope Geffen A&M group in 1999, Geffen has served as a syndicate label within Interscope Records, expanding its catalog through the absorption of other imprints. It has operated as a key platform for new releases, especially following its 2003 expansion and 2017 relaunch. As of 2024, Geffen is part of Universal Music Group's Interscope Capitol Labels Group.
Ramanlal Patkar
Ramanlal Patkar (born 1952) is an Indian politician from Gujarat. He is a six time member of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly from Umbergaon Assembly constituency, which is a reserved seat for Scheduled Tribe community, in Valsad district. He won the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.

2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in Gujarat from 1 to 5 December 2022 in two phases, to elect 182 members of 15th Gujarat Legislative Assembly. The votes were counted and the results were declared on 8 December 2022.

The Bharatiya Janata Party won a landslide victory  of 156 seats, the most ever won by any party in Gujarat's history. No other political party could win enough seats to be recognised as official opposition in the state. The Indian National Congress fell to its lowest count in the state for 3 decades, and the Aam Aadmi Party gained five seats.
Lappa (see)
Lappa or Lampa was an episcopal see, suffragan of Gortyn, based on the ancient town of Lappa, now the site of the village of Argyroupoli.

Le Quien (Oriens Christianus, II, 268) mentions the following bishops:

Petrus, who attended the First Council of Ephesus, 431;

Deneltius, at the Council of Chalcedon, 451;

Prosdocius, in 458;

John, who appealed to Rome against his metropolitan Paul, and attended the Council of Constantinople, 667;

Epiphanius at the Second Council of Nicaea, 787.

The episcopal see is mentioned in the Notitiae episcopatuum as late as the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.

It was re-established by the Orthodox Church about the end of the nineteenth century; the bishop resides in the monastery of Preveli.

It is also a titular see of the Catholic Church under the name Lappa and previously under the name Lampa.

Argyroupoli, Rethymno
Argyroupoli (Greek: Αργυρούπολη) is a village in the municipality of Rethymno, Rethymno regional unit, Crete, Greece, with a population of 313 (2021 census) and an altitude of 260 m. It was previously known as Lappa or Lampa, Stimboli, and Polis.
Margaret Mutu
Margaret Shirley Mutu is a Ngāti Kahu leader, author and academic from Karikari, New Zealand and works at the University of Auckland, New Zealand. She is Māori and her iwi (tribes) are Ngāti Kahu, Te Rarawa and Ngāti Whātua.

Karikari Peninsula
The Karikari Peninsula on the east coast of the far north of Northland, New Zealand, is between Rangaunu Harbour to the west, Rangaunu Bay to the north-west and Doubtless Bay to the east. It is a right-angled land mass of two relatively distinct parts. The rocky northern part, which has an east–west orientation and is approximately 17 km long, was originally an island but is now connected to the mainland by a low sandy tombolo approximately 11 km long, which has a north–south orientation.
Day by Day (Soviet TV series)
Day by Day (Russian: День за днём, romanized: Den' za dnyom) is a Soviet drama TV series directed by Vsevolod Shilovsky and written by Mikhail Ancharov. It ran for 17 episodes from 1971 to 1972. It was the first dramatic television series filmed by Soviet Central Television.

Soviet Central Television
The Central Television of the USSR (Russian: Центральное телевидение СССР, romanized: Tsentral'noye televideniye SSSR; abbreviated CT USSR, SCTV [Russian: ЦТ СССР, romanized: TsT SSSR]) was the state television broadcaster of the Soviet Union.

Initially, the service was operated, together with the national radio service, by the Ministry of Culture. Later it was operated by the Gosteleradio committee, under the Communications Ministry and the Information and Press Ministry, and later a Council of Ministers-controlled network of television and radio broadcasting.
Primera División de Fútbol Profesional – Clausura 2015
The Clausura 2015 season was the 34th edition of El Salvador's Primera División de Fútbol de El Salvador since its establishment of an Apertura and Clausura format. Isidro Metapán were the defending champions. The league consisted of 10 teams, each playing a home and away game against the other clubs for a total of 18 games, respectively. The top four teams at the end of the regular season will take part of the playoffs.

To be announced
To be announced (TBA) is a placeholder  term used very broadly in event planning to indicate that although something is scheduled or expected to happen, a particular aspect of it remains to be fixed or set. Other versions of the term include to be confirmed (TBC) and to be determined, discussed, defined, decided, declared, or done (TBD).
Armenian Sisters of the Immaculate Conception
The Order of the Armenian Catholic Sisters of the Immaculate Conception (Armenian: Անարատ յղութեան հայ քոյրերու միաբանութիւն)
is a religious order of the Catholic Church founded on 5 June 1847 in Istanbul, Turkey. It was proposed in 1843 on the initiative of Archbishop Andon Hassounian who later became Catholicos and the first cardinal of Armenian ancestry. The Sisters had, around 1900, up to 30 schools in various countries in the Middle East, including Beirut, Cairo and Aleppo, Syria. In America they operate the Armenian Sisters Academy with schools in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (1963), Boston and Los Angeles.

Armenian Sisters Academy
The Armenian Sisters Academy (ASA; Armenian: Հայ քույրերի վարժարան) is a Pre-K through eighth grade institution located in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania suburb of Upper Merion Township, Pennsylvania, with a Radnor postal address. It is in proximity to Radnor Township. Its campus is a former estate.

The name is also shared by two sister schools founded later in Boston and Los Angeles. The Armenian Sisters Academy is run by Sister Emma and Sister Hovanna who teach Armenian and religion classes, while a mostly American faculty teach homeroom classes.
NOAAS Thomas Jefferson
NOAAS Thomas Jefferson (S 222) is a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) hydrographic survey vessel in service since 2003. The ship was built for the United States Navy as USNS Littlehales (T-AGS-52) serving as one of two new coastal hydrographic survey vessels from 1992 until transfer to NOAA in 2003 when it was named after Founding Father and third U.S. president, Thomas Jefferson.

Survey vessel
A survey vessel is any type of ship or boat that is used for underwater surveys, usually to collect data for mapping or planning underwater construction or mineral extraction. It is a type of research vessel, and may be designed for the purpose, modified for the purpose or temporarily put into the service as a vessel of opportunity, and may be crewed, remotely operated, or autonomous. The size and equipment vary to suit the task and availability.
Berning
Berning is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bud Berning, member of Sole and the Skyrider Band

Karl Berning (1911–2005), American politician, actor, and writer

Michael Berning (1941–2006), South African librarian, author, and bell ringer

Robert Berning (1935–2008), American grocer and wine buyer

Susie Berning (1941–2024), American golfer

Tina Berning, German artist and illustrator

Wilhelm Berning (1877–1955), German Catholic bishop

Susie Berning
Suzanne Maxwell Berning (July 22, 1941 – October 2, 2024) was an American professional golfer. She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1964 and won four major championships and eleven LPGA Tour victories in all. She also competed under her maiden name Susie Maxwell from 1964 to 1968. She was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2022.
Məmmədxanlı, Khachmaz
41°24′54″N 48°59′56″E﻿ / ﻿41.41500°N 48.99889°E﻿ / 41.41500; 48.99889

Məmmədxanlı (known as İlxıçı or İlxıçı-Məmmədxan until 2015) is a village in the Khachmaz Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Sayad.

Khachmaz District
41°28′N 48°48′E﻿ / ﻿41.467°N 48.800°E﻿ / 41.467; 48.800

Khachmaz District (Azerbaijani: Xaçmaz rayonu; Lezgian: Хъачмаз район) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the northeast of the country and belongs to the Guba-Khachmaz Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Qusar, Quba, Shabran, and the Russian Republic of Dagestan. Its capital and largest city is Khachmaz. As of 2020, the district had a population of 179,800.
New York's 39th congressional district
New York's 39th congressional district was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. It was created in 1913 as a result of the 1910 U.S. census. It was eliminated in 1983 as a result of the redistricting cycle after the 1980 census. It was last represented by Stan Lundine who was redistricted into the 34th congressional district.

Stan Lundine
Stanley Nelson Lundine (born February 4, 1939) is an American politician from Jamestown, New York who served as the mayor of Jamestown, a United States representative, and the lieutenant governor of New York.
Postal codes in Portugal
The Portuguese postal code (código postal) is formed by four digits, a hyphen, then three digits, followed by a postal location of up to 25 characters in capitals.

Postal codes are given at the building block level and also to designated addresses with high volumes of mail. The first digit designates one of nine postal regions; the following two digits designate postal distribution centers; the fourth digit is 0 if it belongs to a capital of municipality, 5 if not, or any other digit if it is a designated address; the last three digits sort building blocks and designated addresses. The more important the city, the more rounded is the number formed by the first four digits.

Guarda District
The District of Guarda (Portuguese: Distrito de Guarda [ˈɡwaɾðɐ] ⓘ) is located in the Centro Region of Portugal, except Vila Nova de Foz Côa, which is in the Norte Region. The district capital and most populous city is Guarda. It borders Castile and León, Spain.
Occam (programming language)
Occam is a programming language which is concurrent and builds on the communicating sequential processes (CSP) process algebra, and shares many of its features. It is named after philosopher William of Ockham after whom Occam's razor is named.

Occam is an imperative procedural language (such as Pascal). It was developed by David May and others at Inmos (trademark INMOS), advised by Tony Hoare, as the native programming language for their transputer microprocessors, but implementations for other platforms are available. The most widely known version is occam 2; its programming manual was written by Steven Ericsson-Zenith and others at Inmos.

William of Ockham
William of Ockham or Occam OFM (/ˈɒkəm/ OK-əm; Latin: Gulielmus Occamus; c. 1287 – 9/10 April 1347) was an English Franciscan friar, scholastic philosopher, apologist, and theologian, who was born in Ockham, a small village in Surrey. He is considered to be one of the major figures of medieval thought and was at the centre of the major intellectual and political controversies of the 14th century. He is widely known for Occam's razor, the methodological principle that bears his name, and also produced significant works on logic, physics and theology. Ockham is remembered in the Church of England with a commemoration corresponding to the commonly ascribed date of his death on 10 April.
Pontecorvo
Pontecorvo is a town and comune in the province of Frosinone, Lazio, Italy. Its population is c. 13,200. The village lies under Rocca Guglielma, a medieval fortification perched on an inaccessible spur. Its name derives from the pons curvus, "curved bridge", that may still be seen spanning the Liri in the center of the town that grew around the bridgehead in the course of the Middle Ages. The curve of the bridge was intended to divert timbers that might strike its piers during floods.

The folk etymology of corvo, "crow", symbol of the "black monks", the Benedictines of the abbey of Monte Cassino, within whose secular territory, the Terra Sancti Benedicti, Pontecorvo lay, is displayed in the town's modern coat-of-arms, which represents a crow surmounting a curved bridge. The town was destroyed during World War II, and rebuilt in a modern style.

Terra Sancti Benedicti
The Terra Sancti Benedicti ("Land of Saint Benedict") was the secular territory, or seignory, of the powerful Abbey of Montecassino, the chief monastery of the Mezzogiorno and one of the first Western monasteries: founded by Benedict of Nursia himself, hence the name of its possessions. It lasted from the 8th to the 19th century.

The "Terra Sancti Benedicti" was part of larger states, according to the historical succession, from the Duchy of Benevento to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Despite the wide autonomy it enjoyed in some periods, it was never, neither de jure nor de facto, an independent state, as were the Italian city-states of Northern and Central Italy. The nature of the dominion of the Abbey of Montecassino has sometimes been improperly assimilated to these Italian states. The "Terra Sancti Benedicti" is therefore an integral part of the Terra di Lavoro and has always followed its political vicissitudes.
Megathymus streckeri
Megathymus streckeri, or Strecker's giant skipper, is butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in the United States from southeastern Montana and southwestern North Dakota south to southern Texas and west to northwestern Arizona and southwestern Utah. Its habitats include short grass prairies, sand hills, and rocky bluffs.

The wingspan is 57–78 mm.

The larvae feed on Yucca glauca, Yucca constricta, Yucca angustissima and Yucca baileyi.

Yucca baileyi
Yucca baileyi is a plant in the family Agavaceae. It is native to Utah, Arizona, New Mexico and Colorado but has been cultivated elsewhere. Much of its native range is within the boundaries of the Navajo (Diné) Reservation, hence the common name "Navajo yucca." The Navajo people make extensive use of yucca fibers to make a wide assortment of useful and ceremonial items. They also use the roots as soap. It is not considered to be threatened, as it has a large range and an overall stable population.

Yucca baileyi is a relatively small species, usually acaulescent but sometimes with a short leafy stem. It can produce as many as 15 rosettes. Flowering stalk is up to 150 cm tall, with greenish-white to slightly purplish flowers.
Dig (Mudvayne song)
"Dig" is a song by American heavy metal band Mudvayne, released in 2000 as the band's debut single. It appears on the band's debut studio album L.D. 50 (2000). A music video was released for the song on April 10, 2001, and it later won the first ever MTV2 Award. It is also one of the band's most well-known songs, being certified gold in the United States. A live version of the song taken from the Tattoo the Earth tour appears on the live album Tattoo the Earth: The First Crusade. The song also appeared on the compilation album WWF Tough Enough. The song has also spawned an Internet meme known as "Brbr Deng" (the onomatopoeia of the opening bass riff), which bassist Ryan Martinie has expressed some ambivalence about.

In 2019, Joe Smith-Engelhardt of Alternative Press included the song in his list of "Top 10 nü-metal staples that still hold up today". In 2021, Eli Enis of Revolver included the song in his list of the "15 Greatest Album-Opening Songs in Metal".

Alternative Press (magazine)
Alternative Press is an American entertainment magazine primarily focused on music and culture. It generally provides readers with band interviews, photos, and relevant news. It was founded in 1985 by Mike Shea in Cleveland, Ohio. The company is now managed by MDDN, and based in Los Angeles, California. Anna Zanes is the current Editor-in-Chief and Kelsey Barnes is the current Junior Editor. As of late 2025, Alternative Press was no longer offering a printed magazine.
Martha Sharp Joukowsky
Martha Sharp Joukowsky (September 2, 1936 – January, 7, 2022) was an American archaeologist and a member of the faculty of Brown University known for her fieldwork at the ancient site of Petra in Jordan.

American University of Beirut
The American University of Beirut (AUB; Arabic: الجامعة الأميركية في بيروت, romanized: al-Jāmiʿa l-Amērkiyya fī Bayrūt) is a private, non-sectarian, and independent university chartered in New York with its main campus in Beirut, Lebanon. AUB is governed by a private, autonomous board of trustees and offers programs leading to bachelor's, master's, MD, and PhD degrees.

AUB has an operating budget of $423 million with an endowment of approximately $768 million. The campus is composed of 64 buildings, including the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC, formerly known as AUH – American University Hospital) (420 beds), four libraries, three museums and seven dormitories. Almost one-fifth of AUB's students attended secondary school or university outside Lebanon before coming to AUB. AUB graduates reside in more than 120 countries worldwide. The language of instruction is English. Degrees awarded at the university are officially registered with the New York Board of Regents.
Nangō, Miyazaki (Higashiusuki)
Nangō (南郷村, Nangō-son) was a village located in Higashiusuki District, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 2,479 and the density of 13.03 persons per km2. The total area was 190.23 km2.

On January 1, 2006, Nangō, along with the villages of Kitagō and Saigō (all from Higashiusuki District), was merged to create the town of Misato and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Nango literally means "south shire". This village was a southern quarter of so-called Irigo (literally Inlands Shire) area.

Miyazaki Prefecture
Miyazaki Prefecture (宮崎県, Miyazaki-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲi.jaꜜ.(d)za.kʲi, -ja.(d)za.kʲi̥ꜜ.keɴ, -(d)zaꜜ.kʲi̥.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Miyazaki Prefecture has a population of 1,028,215 as of 1 January 2025 and has a geographic area of 7,735 km2 (2,986 sq mi). Miyazaki Prefecture borders Ōita Prefecture to the north, Kumamoto Prefecture to the northwest, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the southwest.

Miyazaki is the capital and largest city of Miyazaki Prefecture, with other major cities including Miyakonojō, Nobeoka, and Hyūga. Miyazaki Prefecture is located in southeastern Kyūshū on Japan's Pacific coast, with its coastline extending from Nobeoka near the entrance to the Bungo Channel to Shibushi Bay in Kushima.
Morning Joe
Morning Joe is an American morning news talk show, which airs weekdays from 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time on the cable news channel MS NOW. It features former US Representative (Independent) Joe Scarborough reporting and discussing the news of the day in a panel format with co-hosts Mika Brzezinski (whom Scarborough married in November 2018), Willie Geist, who regularly co-hosts from Tuesdays to Fridays, and Jonathan Lemire, along with recurring and special guests.

Double Down: Game Change 2012
Double Down: Game Change 2012 is a book written by political journalists John Heilemann and Mark Halperin about the 2012 United States presidential election, in which Barack Obama was re-elected as President of the United States, defeating Mitt Romney. The book, published by Penguin Press, is a behind-the-scenes narrative of the Obama and Romney campaigns. It is the sequel to Game Change, which chronicled the 2008 United States presidential election. Double Down was released on November 5, 2013.
Massad (musician)
Massad Barakat-Devine (born 27 September 1993), known mononymously as Massad, is a New Zealand pop musician. He co-hosted the TV2 show The 4.30 Show, along with Eve Palmer and ex-The Erin Simpson Show presenter Michael Lee.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.