hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
KTHNY theory
In statistical mechanics, the Kosterlitz–Thouless–Halperin–Nelson–Young (KTHNY) theory describes the process of melting of crystals in two dimensions (2D). The name is derived from the initials of the surnames of  John Michael Kosterlitz, David J. Thouless, Bertrand Halperin, David R. Nelson, and A. Peter Young, who developed the theory in the 1970s. It is, beside the Ising model in 2D and the XY model in 2D, one of the few theories which can be solved analytically and which predicts a phase transition at a temperature .

J. Michael Kosterlitz
John Michael Kosterlitz (born June 22, 1943) is a British-American physicist. He is a professor of physics at Brown University and the son of biochemist Hans Kosterlitz. He was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in physics along with David Thouless and Duncan Haldane for work on condensed matter physics.
Uruguay Department
The Uruguay Department (in Spanish, Departamento Uruguay) is an administrative subdivision (departamento) of the province of Entre Ríos, Argentina. It is located in the south-east of the province, beside the Uruguay River.

The head town is Concepción del Uruguay.

Provinces of Argentina
Argentina has 23 provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires, which serves as the federal capital, as determined by Congress.

The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions and exist under a federal system.
Time (INXS song)
"Time" is a song by Australian rock band INXS, released as the third single from their ninth studio album, Full Moon, Dirty Hearts (1993). Written by Andrew Farriss and Michael Hutchence, the song was released only in Australia and Japan as a "Souvenir EP" to coincide with the Dirty Honeymoon Tour in Australia and the Southern Hemisphere.

Andrew Farriss
Andrew Charles Farriss AM (born 27 March 1959) is an Australian rock musician and multi-instrumentalist best known as the keyboardist, backing vocalist, and main composer for rock band INXS. He released his debut solo album in 2021.
Brindaban Goswami
Brindaban Goswami was an Indian politician, a leader of Asom Gana Parishad and former Education Minister in the Government of Assam. He was one of the student leaders who came into limelight during Assam Agitation. He was a member of split group of Asom Gana Parishad known as Natun Asom Gana Parishad when it was formed due to Prafulla Kumar Mahanta. He was also the President of Asom Gana Parishad for a brief period of time.

During Assam Legislative Assembly election in 2006, Goswami was named as chief ministerial candidate of Asom Gana Parishad. He is also five times Member of Legislative Assembly from Tezpur constituency.

2006 Assam Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in Assam in two phases between 3 and 10 April 2006 to elect members from all 126 constituencies of the state . Following the election, the incumbent Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi formed his second ministry with the support of the Bodoland People's Front.
Martin du Toit
Ozard Martin du Toit (born 27 June 1989) is a South African professional rugby union player for Spanish División de Honor de Rugby side El Salvador. He is a utility back that can play as a fly-half, fullback or inside centre.

División de Honor de Rugby
The División de Honor de Rugby is Spain's top level professional men's rugby union competition. The División de Honor de Rugby Championship is organised by the Federación Española de Rugby (Spanish Rugby Federation) and currently consists of 11 teams.

The last-placed team in the competition is relegated at the end of the season to the División de Honor Élite, Spain`s second level of men's rugby union. The team finishing 11th enters a relegation/promotion playoff with the runner-up from the Division de Honor B playoffs.
Shribhargavaraghaviyam
Śrībhārgavarāghavīyam (Sanskrit: श्रीभार्गवराघवीयम्) (2002), literally Of Paraśurāma and Rāma, is a Sanskrit epic poem (Mahākāvya) composed by Jagadguru Rambhadracharya  (1950–). It consists of 2121 verses in 40 Sanskrit and Prakrit metres and is divided into 21 cantos (Sargas) of 101 verses each. The epic is the narrative of the two Rāma Avatars – Paraśurāma and Rāma, which is found in the Rāmāyaṇa and other Hindu scriptures. Bhārgava refers to Paraśurāma, as he incarnated in the family of the sage Bhṛgu, while Rāghava refers to Rāma as he incarnated in the royal dynasty of king Raghu. For the work, the poet was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award for Sanskrit in 2005, and several other awards.

A copy of the epic with a Hindi commentary by the poet himself was published by the Jagadguru Rambhadracharya Handicapped University, Chitrakuta, Uttar Pradesh. The book was released by the then prime minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee on 30 October 2002.

Metre (poetry)
In poetry, metre (Commonwealth spelling) or meter (American spelling; see spelling differences) is the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse.  Many traditional verse forms prescribe a specific verse metre, or a certain set of metres alternating in a particular order. The study and the actual use of metres and forms of versification are both known as prosody. (Within linguistics, "prosody" is used in a more general sense that includes not only poetic metre but also the rhythmic aspects of prose, whether formal or informal, that vary from language to language, and sometimes between poetic traditions.)
Philpots Island
Philpots Island is a member of the Queen Elizabeth Islands and the Arctic Archipelago in the territory of Nunavut. It is the largest of Devon Island's offshore islands, located at Devon's eastern end. It lies in Baffin Bay, with Hyde Inlet to the north, and the Parry Channel to the south.

Philpots Island is home to northern fulmars, glaucous gulls, and ivory gulls

Ivory gull
The ivory gull (Pagophila eburnea) is a small gull, the only species in the genus Pagophila. It is a resident breeding bird in the high Arctic and has a circumpolar distribution through Greenland, northernmost North America, and Eurasia.
WWE Network (Canada)
WWE Network was an English language specialty television channel programmed by United States–based professional wrestling promotion WWE, a subsidiary of TKO Group Holdings, and distributed to Canadian television service providers by Rogers Sports & Media. Its programming consisted entirely of the linear feed offered as part of the WWE Network video streaming service.

Due to WWE's new international distribution agreement with Netflix coming into effect, the network ended operations on January 2, 2025.

Telus Optik TV
TELUS Optik TV is a product of TELUS Communications, a subsidiary of TELUS Corporation, that provides IPTV service in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, and Quebec. The service offers over 630 digital channels, including more than 100 in HD. Despite its name, the service is available to both Fibre To The Node (FTTN) or Fibre To The Home (FTTH) clients, with FTTN implementations using telephone lines instead of fibre optics for a portion of the connection. Telus launched IPTV service in November 2005 to customers in select Alberta communities. As of February 2017, over 1 million customers are subscribed to the Optik TV. Major competitors include satellite services Shaw Direct and Bell Satellite TV, as well as various cable and communications companies across British Columbia and Alberta, such as Rogers, Novus and Eastlink.
Gray-Brownlow-Wilcox House
Gray-Brownlow-Wilcox House, also known as La Vallee, is a historic plantation house located at Aurelian Springs, Halifax County, North Carolina. It was built about 1820, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, three-bay, Federal-style frame dwelling.  It has a temple-form and pedimented gable front facade. Located behind the house is a 1+1⁄2-story frame building that housed Brownlow's Female Academy from about 1833 to 1851.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Halifax County, North Carolina
Halifax County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,622. Its county seat is Halifax. Halifax County is part of the Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids, NC Combined Statistical Area.
2018 Kolkata bridge collapse
The 2018 Kolkata bridge collapse refers to the collapse of the Majerhat Bridge, in the city of Kolkata, India, on 4 September 2018. The bridge collapsed at around 4:45 PM (IST), resulting in the death of three people and injuries to at least 25 others.

Kolkata Circular Railway
Kolkata Circular Railway, also known as the Kolkata Chakra Rail (Bengali: কলকাতা চক্র রেল), is a 36.20 km (22.49 mi) long railway loop line operated by the Sealdah division of the Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways, encircling the city of Kolkata.
Martina Šestáková
Martina Šestáková (née Darmovzalová) (born 12 October 1978 in Valtice) is a Czech triple jumper. She set a personal best jump of 14.18 metres at a national athletics meet in Kladno. She is also a seven-time national triple jump champion (2002–2008), and a member of TJ Lokomotiva Břeclav, under her personal coach Michal Pogány.

Šestáková represented the Czech Republic at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she competed for the women's triple jump. Unfortunately, she did not receive her best mark in the qualifying rounds, after failing to jump at a specific distance in three successive attempts.

Valtice
Valtice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈvalcɪtsɛ]; German: Feldsberg) is a town in Břeclav District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 3,600 inhabitants. It is known as part of Lednice–Valtice Cultural Landscape, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Erme Ingot site
Between 1991 and 1992 an archaeological site containing tin ingots was uncovered close to West Mary's Rocks in Devon, England. Examination of the site revealed that these ingots may represent a wreck site, or the lost cargo from a ship. The ingots are believed to have been made before 1000 BC, during the later stages of the British Bronze Age. The site was designated under the Protection of Wrecks Act on 24 November 1993. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England. The ingots found here are an important source of knowledge for prehistoric tin.

Protection of Wrecks Act 1973
The Protection of Wrecks Act 1973 (c. 33) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which provides protection for designated shipwrecks.

Section 1 of the act provides for wrecks to be designated because of historical, archaeological or artistic value. Section 2 provides for designation of dangerous sites. Wreck sites must have a known location in order to be designated. Designated wrecks are marked on admiralty charts and their physical location is sometimes marked by means of a buoy (sea mark). Information boards are often provided at nearby launch points on land.
Anthony Spaulding
Anthony Michael "Tony" Spaulding (20 October 1933 – 18 April 1998) was a Jamaican attorney-at-law and politician. A political firebrand, he served as a vice president of the People's National Party (PNP), member of Parliament of Jamaica for the Saint Andrew Southern constituency, and Minister of Housing under Prime Minister Michael Manley.

Saint Andrew Southern
Saint Andrew South is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Representatives of the Jamaican Parliament. It elects one Member of Parliament MP by the first past the post system of election. It has been represented by Leader of the Opposition Mark Golding since 2017.
Tarva (Norway)
The Tarva islands are an archipelago in Ørland Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The largest and only populated island is Husøya and the other larger islands are Været and Karlsøya. There are also many smaller surrounding islets and skerries. The islands are located about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) west of the village of Nes on the mainland. Tarva is connected to the mainland via the Dybfest–Tarva Ferry.

The islands were owned by the Austrått manor until 1858. The Royal Norwegian Air Force has a firing range on the western islands. The small Tarva Chapel is located on the northern side of the main island.

Ferry to Tarva

Tarva harbour

Royal Norwegian Air Force
The Royal Norwegian Air Force (RNoAF) (Norwegian: Luftforsvaret, lit. 'The Air Defence') is the air force of Norway. It was established as a separate arm of the Norwegian Armed Forces on 10 November 1944. The RNoAF's peacetime establishment is approximately 2,430 employees (officers, enlisted staff and civilians). 600 personnel also serve their draft period in the RNoAF. After mobilization, the RNoAF would consist of approximately 5,500 personnel.

The infrastructure of the RNoAF includes seven airbases (at Ørland, Rygge, Andøya, Evenes, Bardufoss, Bodø, and Gardermoen). It also has one control and reporting centre (in Sørreisa Municipality) and three training centres: Værnes in Stjørdal Municipality (about 32.7 kilometres (20.3 mi) northeast of Trondheim), Kjevik in Kristiansand Municipality, and at KNM Harald Haarfagre/Madlaleiren in Stavanger Municipality.
Propionyl-CoA C2-trimethyltridecanoyltransferase
In enzymology, a propionyl-CoA C2-trimethyltridecanoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.154) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoA + propanoyl-CoA  3-oxopristanoyl-CoA + CoA

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoA and propanoyl-CoA, whereas its two products are 3-oxopristanoyl-CoA and CoA.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoA:propanoyl-CoA C2-4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyltransferase. Other names in common use include 3-oxopristanoyl-CoA hydrolase, 3-oxopristanoyl-CoA thiolase, peroxisome sterol carrier protein thiolase, sterol carrier protein, oxopristanoyl-CoA thiolase, peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl coenzyme A thiolase, SCPx, 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoA:propanoyl-CoA, and 2-C-4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyltransferase.

Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. Every genome sequenced to date encodes enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester) as a substrate. In humans, CoA biosynthesis requires cysteine, pantothenate (vitamin B5), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

In its acetyl form, coenzyme A is a highly versatile molecule, serving metabolic functions in both the anabolic and catabolic pathways. Acetyl-CoA is utilised in the post-translational regulation and allosteric regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and carboxylase to maintain and support the partition of pyruvate synthesis and degradation.
Mark Everett (cricketer)
Mark Andrew Everett (born 11 November 1967) is a former English cricketer.  Everett was a left-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox.  He was born in Harlow, Essex.

Everett made his debut for Hertfordshire in the 1992 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Oxfordshire.  Everett played Minor counties cricket for Hertfordshire from 1992 to 2002, which included 39 Minor Counties Championship matches and 13 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches.  He made his List A debut against the Sussex Cricket Board in the 1999 NatWest Trophy.  He made 3 further List A appearances for the county, the last coming against Bedfordshire in the 1st round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2002.  In his 4 List A matches, he scored 26 runs at an average of 6.50, with a high score of 14.

1999 NatWest Trophy
The 1999 NatWest Trophy was the 19th NatWest Trophy.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 4 May and 29 August 1999. The tournament was won by Gloucestershire who defeated Somerset by 50 runs in the final at Lord's.
Wiluna Gold Mine
Wiluna Gold Mine is an active gold mine operated by Wiluna Mining Corporation (administrators appointed) near the town of Wiluna, 940 kilometres (580 mi) north of Perth in Western Australia's Goldfields region. Wiluna is one of the Goldfield's great mining centres, with historical production plus current resources of more than 310 tonnes (10 million troy ounces).

Antimony
Antimony is a chemical element with the symbol Sb (from Latin  stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous grey metal or metalloid, it occurs in nature mainly in the form of the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb2S3). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were powdered for use as medicine and cosmetics, often known by the Arabic name kohl.

China is the largest producer of antimony and its compounds, with most production coming from the Xikuangshan Mine in Hunan. The industrial methods for refining antimony from stibnite are roasting followed by reduction with carbon, or direct reduction of stibnite with iron.

The most common applications for metallic antimony are in alloys with lead and tin, which have improved properties for solders, bullets, and plain bearings. It improves the rigidity of lead-alloy plates in lead–acid batteries. Antimony trioxide is a prominent additive for halogen-containing flame retardants. Antimony is used as a dopant in semiconductor devices.
Rishiganga
Rishiganga is a river in the Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India. It springs from the Uttari Nanda Devi Glacier on the Nanda Devi mountain.  It is also fed from the Dakshini Nanda Devi Glacier.  Continuing through the Nanda Devi National Park, it flows into the Dhauliganga River near the village Rini.

Nanda Devi Glacier
Nanda Devi Glacier is a glacier in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India. It is near Nanda Devi.

The Nanda Devi Group of glaciers is a reference to the cluster of seven  glaciers namely Bartoli, Kururntoli, Nada Devi North, Nanda Devi South, Nandakna, Ramani and Trsul of Uttarakhand.

The glacier rose to fame, due to its breaking, which led to the 2021 Uttarakhand flood. Climate change has been suggested to have contributed to the disaster.
Zebulon Moses Farm Complex
Zebulon Moses Farm Complex is a historic home and farm complex located at Lima in Livingston County, New York. The farmhouse is believed to date to the early 19th century and was modernized and expanded in several stages throughout the later 19th century. It is a two-story, four-bay dwelling with three large rear appendages. The property also includes a carriage barn with an attached shed, three barns, and a machine shed.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Livingston County, New York
Livingston County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 61,834. Its county seat is Geneseo. The county is named after Robert R. Livingston, who helped draft the Declaration of Independence and negotiated the Louisiana Purchase. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Livingston County is part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.
William France Jr. (cabinetmaker)
William France Jr. was a cabinetmaker and upholsterer in 18th century London and a member of the well known France family who held the Royal Warrant for over half a century. He was the nephew of William France Sr. and younger brother of Edward France, the former being cabinetmaker to the Royal Household. He was born in 1759 and died in 1838 in Boulogne, France. He was made a Freeman of Lancaster in 1785–86.

Badminton House
Badminton House is a large country house and Grade I listed building in Badminton, Gloucestershire, England, which has been the principal seat of the Dukes of Beaufort since the late 17th century. The house, which has given its name to the sport of badminton, is set among 52,000 acres (21,000 ha) of land. The gardens and park surrounding the house are listed at Grade I on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.
Jens Gjesing
Jens Gjesing (Danish: [ˈjens ˈke̝ːse̝ŋ]; born 13 January 1986) is a Danish football manager and former player who manages Hobro IK in the Danish 1st Division, the second tier of the Danish football league system.

Gjesing mainly played for AGF during his active career for whom he made 137 appearances and scored nine goals. He was, however, injury-prone as a player, and retired in 2012 while representing Hobro IK, after failing to recover from successive cruciate ligament injuries. After his playing career, Gjesing has pursued a managerial career.

He was an established member of the Denmark under-21 team from 2007 to 2008, earning 14 caps in which he scored one goal. He was part of the team that reached the 2009 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification play-offs, which were lost over two legs to Serbia under-21.

Fuglebakken KFUM Århus
Fuglebakken KFUM Århus (Danish: [ˈfuːləpɑkŋ̍]; commonly known as Fuglebakken), is an association football club based in Aarhus V, Denmark, that competes in the Denmark Series, the fifth tier of the Danish football league system. Founded in 2008 as the superstructure of KFUMs Boldklub Århus and Idrætsforeningen Hasle Fuglebakken (IFH), the club play at their home ground Højlyngen. Their colours are red and navy. Fuglebakken KFUM is affiliated to the local football association, DBU Jutland.
2019 Copa Venezuela
The 2019 Copa Venezuela was the 50th edition of the competition. It began on 27 July 2019 with the first stage and concluded on 27 November 2019 with the second leg of the finals. The champions will qualify for the 2020 Copa Sudamericana. Primera División side Zulia were the defending champions, but they were eliminated by Academia Puerto Cabello in the quarter-finals.

Zamora won their first title in the competition after defeating Monagas on away goals in the final, and qualified for the 2020 Copa Sudamericana.

Monagas S.C.
Monagas Sport Club is a Venezuelan professional football team competing at the top level, the Primera División Venezolana. It is based in Maturín. Their home stadium is the Estadio Monumental de Maturín. The club received the nickname of “Los Guerreros del Guarapiche” (The Warriors from the Guarapiche), because of the never giving up mentality of its players and the name of the river (River Guarapiche) which crosses the city where the team has its headquarters.
Kermit Cintrón
Kermit Cintrón (born October 22, 1979) is a Puerto Rican former professional boxer and online boxing writer. He held the IBF welterweight title from 2006 to 2008, and has challenged once for the WBC super welterweight title in 2011.

Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.
Thammy Miranda
Thammy Brito de Miranda Silva (born September 3, 1982) is a Brazilian actor and reporter. He began his career in the entertainment industry, performing as a singer, model and dancer, before turning to acting and politics. He is the son of singer Gretchen and nephew of singer Sula Miranda.

Sula Miranda
Suely Brito de Miranda, known as Sula Miranda (São Paulo, 12 November 1963), is a Brazilian singer. She reached success from the end of 1980s singing sertanejo music. She is the sister of singer Gretchen.

Miranda began her musical career in the group As Mirandas, along with her sisters Yara and Maria Odete (Gretchen), that later became the quartet As Melindrosas with the inclusion of her friend Paula. The first LP Disco Baby was a huge success, reaching the mark of 1 million copies sold.

Miranda started her solo career in 1986, the year she released her first album.