hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steve Dowden
Stephen Henry Dowden (February 24, 1929 – January 24, 2001) was an American professional football player who was a tackle for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). Dowden was born in 1929 in Natchitoches, Louisiana, and played college football for the Baylor Bears. He was selected by the Detroit Lions in the 10th round of the 1952 NFL draft and played that season with Green Bay.

1952 NFL draft
The 1952 NFL draft was held on January 17, 1952, at Hotel Statler in New York. Selections made by New York Yanks were assigned to the new Dallas Texans.

This was the sixth year that the first overall pick was a bonus pick determined by lottery, with the previous five winners (Chicago Bears in 1947, Washington Redskins in 1948, Philadelphia Eagles in 1949, Detroit Lions in 1950, and New York Giants in 1951) ineligible from the draw; it was won by the Los Angeles Rams, who selected quarterback Bill Wade.

The Washington Post sportswriter Mo Siegel later claimed that Washington Redskins owner George Preston Marshall let him choose a late-round pick. Siegel, he said, chose Tennessee Tech's Flavious Smith to force the first black player onto the all-white Redskins. If true, Marshall likely persuaded NFL Commissioner Bert Bell to remove the choice from the official records. (Smith, who did not hear the story until years later, was white.)
Doryteuthis opalescens
Doryteuthis opalescens, the opalescent inshore squid or market squid, is a small species of squid in the family Loliginidae. It is a myopsid squid, a near shore group with corneas over their eyes. The species is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from Baja California, Mexico to Alaska, United States, and as an inshore squid can be found within a range of 200 miles (320 km) off the coast.

Baja California peninsula
The Baja California peninsula (Spanish: Península de Baja California, lit. 'Lower California peninsula') is a peninsula in northwestern Mexico. It separates the Gulf of California from the Pacific Ocean. The peninsula extends from Mexicali, Baja California, in the north to Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, in the south.

With a length of 1,247 km (775 miles), its width ranges from 40 km (25 miles) at its narrowest to 320 km (200 miles) at its widest point and has approximately 3,000 km (1,900 miles) of coastline and approximately 65 islands. The total area of the Baja California peninsula is 143,390 km2 (55,360 sq mi).

The peninsula is separated from mainland Mexico by the Gulf of California and the Colorado River. There are four main desert areas on the peninsula: the San Felipe Desert, the Central Coast Desert, the Vizcaíno Desert, and the Magdalena Plain Desert.
Quasipaa boulengeri
Quasipaa boulengeri is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is known under many common names, including Boulenger's spiny frog, spiny-bellied frog, and Boulenger's paa frog. It is found in southern and southwestern China and northern Vietnam. It is a very common species that has declined. It is collected for human consumption, and it is also threatened by habitat loss. Its natural habitats are hill streams and ponds.

Quasipaa boulengeri are relatively large frogs: males grow to a snout–vent length of about 90 mm (3.5 in) and females to 98 mm (3.9 in). Tadpoles are up to about 52 mm (2.0 in) in length.

Dicroglossidae
The frog family Dicroglossidae occurs in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa, with most genera and species being found in Asia. The common name of the family is fork-tongued frogs.

The Dicroglossidae were previously considered to be a subfamily in the family Ranidae, but their position as a family is now well established.
Longobucco
Longobucco (Sicilian: Lunguvuccu) is a town and comune in the province of Cosenza, in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Longobucco is one of the main municipalities of the Sila National Park and in terms of its territory is one of the largest in Calabria. It is a small town in the heart of Sila Greca, part of the Greater Sila Plateau, in the midst of mountains, rivers and lakes that are home to numerous species of animals and plants.

Province of Cosenza
The province of Cosenza (Italian: provincia di Cosenza) is a province in the region of Calabria in Italy. Its capital is the city of Cosenza. It has a population of 669,239 across its 150 municipalities.

The province of Cosenza contains a community of Occitan language (also known as Langue d'oc) speakers in Guardia Piemontese: it was formed by Vaudoi or Waldensian movement members, who moved to Cosenza to avoid religious persecution, in the 13th and 14th centuries. Many of the Arbëreshë Albanians of Italy live in the province, since arriving in the 16th century to flee the religious persecution undertaken by the Ottoman Empire.
Auctoritas
Auctoritas is a Latin word that is the origin of the English word "authority". While historically its use in English was restricted to discussions of the political history of Rome, the beginning of phenomenological philosophy in the 20th century expanded the use of the word.

In ancient Rome, auctoritas referred to the level of prestige a person had in Roman society, and, as a consequence, his standing, influence, and ability to rally support around his will. Auctoritas was not merely political, however; it had a numinous content and symbolized the mysterious "power of command" of heroic Roman figures.

Noble women could also achieve a degree of auctoritas. For example, the wives, sisters, and mothers of the Julio-Claudians had immense influence on society, the masses, and the political apparatus. Their auctoritas was exercised less overtly than that of their male counterparts due to Roman societal norms, but they were powerful nonetheless.

Numinous
Numinous (/ˈnjuːmɪnəs/) means "arousing spiritual or religious emotion; mysterious or awe-inspiring"; also "supernatural" or "appealing to the aesthetic sensibility." The term was given its present sense by the German theologian and philosopher Rudolf Otto in his influential 1917 German book The Idea of the Holy. He also used the phrase mysterium tremendum as another description for the phenomenon. Otto's concept of the numinous influenced thinkers including Carl Jung, Mircea Eliade, and C. S. Lewis. It has been applied to theology, psychology, religious studies, literary analysis, and descriptions of psychedelic experiences.
Marcus Lantz
Marcus Lantz (born 23 October 1975) is a Swedish football manager and former professional footballer who played as a holding midfielder. He is the head coach of the women's team of IFK Göteborg. A full international between 1998 and 2010, he played six matches for the Sweden national team.

Svenska Cupen
Svenska cupen (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsvɛ̂nːska ˈkɵ̌pːɛn], lit. 'the Swedish cup'), also known as the Swedish Cup in English, is a knockout cup competition in Swedish football and the main Swedish football cup. Svenska cupen usually refers to the men's tournament, although a women's tournament is also held. Each year 96 teams compete, comprising the 16 teams from Allsvenskan and the 16 teams of Superettan together with 64 teams from lower tiers of the league system. The winners qualify for the qualifying stages of the UEFA Europa League. The winner is awarded the Gustaf VI Adolf cup.

Svenska cupen was first held in 1941. The current holders of the cup are BK Häcken who beat Malmö FF in the 2025 final. Malmö FF are the most successful club of the competition having won 16 titles, the latest in 2024.
Casus irreducibilis
Casus irreducibilis (from Latin 'the irreducible case') is the name given by mathematicians of the 16th century to cubic equations that cannot be solved in terms of real radicals, that is to those equations such that the computation of the solutions cannot be reduced to the computation of square and cube roots.

Cardano's formula for solution in radicals of a cubic equation was discovered at this time. It applies in the casus irreducibilis, but, in this case, requires the computation of the square root of a negative number, which involves knowledge of complex numbers, unknown at the time.

The casus irreducibilis occurs when the three solutions are real and distinct, or, equivalently, when the discriminant is positive.

It is only in 1843 that Pierre Wantzel proved that there cannot exist any solution in real radicals in the casus irreducibilis.

Field extension
In mathematics, particularly in algebra, a field extension is a pair of fields , such that the operations of K are those of L restricted to K. In this case, L is an extension field of K and K is a subfield of L. For example, under the usual notions of addition and multiplication, the complex numbers are an extension field of the real numbers; the real numbers are a subfield of the complex numbers.

Field extensions are fundamental in algebraic number theory, and in the study of polynomial roots through Galois theory, and are widely used in algebraic geometry.
Binhai County
Binhai County (simplified Chinese: 滨海县; traditional Chinese: 濱海縣; pinyin: Bīnhǎi Xiàn; lit. 'marine') is a coastal county under the administration of Yancheng, Jiangsu province, China. In this county, the Yellow Sea coast turns from a north-northwest/south-southeast bearing to a northwest–southeast bearing. It is well known for its mouth-watering sausage. The sausage is made from pork seasoned with Sichuan peppercorns, star anise, cinnamon, angelica, ginger etc. and air dried for 3 to 4 days.

Yellow Sea
The Yellow Sea (simplified Chinese: 黄海; traditional Chinese: 黃海; pinyin: Huáng Hǎi; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄞˇ; Korean: 황해; Hanja: 黃海; RR: Hwanghae), also known as the North Sea, is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula, and can be considered the northwestern part of the East China Sea.
16th Manitoba Legislature
The members of the 16th Manitoba Legislature were elected in the Manitoba general election held in June 1920. The legislature sat from February 10, 1921, to June 24, 1922.

The Liberal Party led by Tobias Norris formed a minority government.

John Thomas Haig of the Conservatives was Leader of the Opposition.

James Bryson Baird served as speaker for the assembly.

There were two sessions of the 16th Legislature:

James Albert Manning Aikins was Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba.

Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba
The Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba (PC; French: Parti progressiste-conservateur du Manitoba) is a centre-right political party in Manitoba, Canada. It is currently the opposition party in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, following a defeat in the 2023 provincial election.
Wentzville Ice Arena
Wentzville Ice Arena is an arena and recreational sport facility located in Wentzville, Missouri and owned and operated by the City of Wentzville Parks & Recreation Department. It served as the home for LU Lindenwood Lions Men's and Women's ice hockey teams and LU synchronized skating team until relocating to the newly built Centene Community Ice Center.

It features two NHL-size sheets of ice for ice hockey, figure skating and open skating, and local high school hockey. Other features of the arena include eight locker rooms, heated bleacher seating, and concession stand. Current capacity for spectators is about 750 for each of the two NHL-size hockey rinks.

Synchronized skating
Synchronized skating, often called synchro, is an ice skating sport where between 8 and 20 skaters perform together as a team. They move as a flowing unit at high speed over the ice, while performing elements and footwork.

This complex sport originated in 1956 and was initially called "precision skating" due to its emphasis on the maintenance of intricate and precise formations and the requirement of precise timing from all members of the group. Synchronized skating is now well-established as an organized sport in several European countries with several of them having produced teams who frequently win championships at the international level. As of 2022, there are more than 600 synchro teams in United States alone.
Viseu (Assembly of the Republic constituency)
Viseu is one of the 22 multi-member constituencies of the Assembly of the Republic, the national legislature of Portugal. The constituency was established in 1976 when the Assembly of the Republic was established by the constitution following the restoration of democracy. It is conterminous with the district of Viseu. The constituency currently elects eight of the 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic using the closed party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2024 legislative election it had 335,659 registered electors.

Districts of Portugal
The districts (Portuguese: distritos) are the most important first-level administrative subdivisions of continental Portugal. Currently, mainland Portugal is divided into 18 districts.

As an administrative division, each district serves mainly as the area of jurisdiction of a civil governor, who acts as the local delegate of the Central Government of Portugal.
Keatinge
Keatinge is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cadogan Keatinge (1720–1799), Anglican priest in Ireland

Edgar Keatinge (1905–1998), English farmer, soldier and Conservative Party politician

Joe Keatinge (born 1982), American comic book writer and editor

John Keatinge (1769–1817), Irish Anglican priest

Maurice Keatinge (c.1761–1835), Irish landowner, soldier and politician

Paffard Keatinge-Clay (1926–2023), British-born architect

Richard Harte Keatinge (1825–1904), Irish Lieutenant General and Victoria Cross recipient

William Keatinge (1869–1934), English Catholic prelate

William Keatinge
William Lewis Keatinge, CMG, CBE (1 August 1869 – 21 February 1934) was an English prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. After four years as a parish priest, he joined the British Army as a chaplain in 1897. He served in the Second Boer War, and then in the First World War as a senior Catholic chaplain. He was chaplain to the forces 1st class (equivalent to colonel) from 1910, served on the Western Front and the Macedonian front. Finally, he was Vicar Apostolic for Great Britain, Military from 1917, and Principal Roman Catholic Chaplain to the Forces from 1920.
Second Zambezi expedition
The Second Zambezi expedition, from 1858 to 1864,  was launched by the Royal Geographical Society of Britain to explore Southeast Africa for mineral deposits and other natural resources. The expedition led to the establishment of the Central Africa Mission and was under the command of Dr. David Livingstone, who would become famous for his journeys into the interior of Africa.

Southeast Africa
Southern Africa, or Southeastern Africa, is an African region that is intermediate between East Africa and Southern Africa. It comprises the countries Burundi, Botswana, Eswatini, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe in the mainland, with the island-nations of Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoros, and Seychelles also included.
2025 Dutch Open – Doubles
Marcelo Demoliner and Guillermo Durán were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Michael Geerts and Tim Rühl won the title after defeating Mats Hermans and Mick Veldheer 7–5, 7–6(7–4) in the final.

Michael Geerts
Michael Geerts (born 17 January 1995) is a Belgian tennis player.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 212 achieved on 3 April 2023. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 162 achieved on 17 October 2022. Geerts competes mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour, where he has won one singles and five doubles titles.
Reito Tsutsumi
Reito Tsutsumi (堤麗斗, Tsutsumi Reito; born 23 August 2002) is a Japanese professional boxer. As an amateur, Tsutsumi won a gold medal at the 2021 World Youth Championships as well as competing at the 2021 World Championships.

2021 AIBA Youth World Boxing Championships
The 2021 AIBA Youth World Boxing Championships (21st) were held in Kielce, Poland, from 13 to 23 April 2021. The competition was held under the supervision of AIBA, the world's governing body for amateur boxing, and was open to boxers born in 2002 and 2003. It was the third time in the tournament's history that men and women have fought in the same championship. India topped the medal table with eight gold and three bronze medals.
Castle Mountain (Alaska)
Castle Mountain is a remote 8,620-foot (2,630-meter) mountain summit located at the southeastern edge of the Wrangell Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The peak is situated 35 mi (56 km) northeast of McCarthy at Skolai Pass in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant as the south face rises 4,000 feet above the terminus of the Russell Glacier in less than one mile. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains east via the White River, and west to the Nizina River via Skolai Creek. The mountain's descriptive name was reported in 1914 by the United States Geological Survey.

Terrain
Terrain (from Latin  terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of a land. In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.
Kailan Ba Tama ang Mali?
Kailan Ba Tama ang Mali? (transl. when is it right to be wrong? / international title: Ruins of Love) is a 2015 Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by GMA Network. The series is based on a 1986 Philippine film of the same title. Directed by Gil Tejada Jr., it stars Max Collins, Geoff Eigenmann, Empress Schuck and Dion Ignacio. It premiered on February 9, 2015 on the network's Afternoon Prime line up. The series concluded on May 8, 2015 with a total of 63 episodes.

Dion Ignacio
Dion Joseph Ignacio (born March 28, 1986) is a Filipino actor and musician. Popularly known of his role as Raul Agoncillo in the afternoon soap opera Saan Darating ang Umaga?, a role originally portrayed by former 1980s teen idol Raymond Lauchengco, but his most notable role in TV is in the afternoon drama Magdalena, where he is paired with Bela Padilla.

Ignacio is also the rhythm guitarist of the rock band Philia with Arci Muñoz as their lead vocalist.
Fontaine Maubuée
The Fontaine Maubuée is an 18th-century water fountain located at the corner of rue Saint-Martin and rue Venise in the 4th arrondissement of Paris.  The fountain was originally at the corner of the rue Saint-Martin and the rue Maubuée. The site was originally occupied by one of the oldest fountains in Paris, which had been built in 1392 by King Charles VI of France. The name of the fountain referred to the either the bad vapors (mauvaise buée) or the bad washing, because of the poor quality of the water coming to the fountain from the springs of Belleville.

The present fountain was built by Jean Beausire and his son, Jean-Baptiste Augustin, in 1733.  It is decorated with a bas-relief representing a rocaille vase, surrounded with roses and water plants.  The fountain was dismantled and moved to its present location in 1937.

The older fountain on the site was the subject of a poem by François Villon.

Belleville (commune)
Belleville (French pronunciation: [bɛlvil] ⓘ) was a French commune in the Seine department, lying immediately east of Paris, Île-de-France. It was one of four communes entirely annexed by the city of Paris in 1860. Its territory is now shared by the 19th and 20th arrondissements, but a neighborhood has retained its name: the quartier de Belleville. The village was built on and around a hill, the second highest of the French capital after Montmartre. The composer and conductor Jules Pillevesse (1837–1903)  was born in Belleville.
The Apache (1928 film)
The Apache is a lost 1928 American silent mystery film directed by Phil Rosen and starring Margaret Livingston, Warner Richmond and Don Alvarado.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Harrison Wiley.

Phil Rosen
Philip E. Rosen (May 8, 1888 – October 22, 1951) was an American film director and cinematographer. He directed more than 140 films between 1915 and 1949.

He was born in Marienburg, German Empire (now, Malbork, Poland), grew up in Machias, Maine, and died in Hollywood, California, of a heart attack. He was one of the founders of the American Society of Cinematographers. Rosen was married to model and actress Joyzelle Joyner.

Rosen was meant to direct The Mad Dog of Europe, a film written by Herman J. Mankiewicz with Rudolph Hitler as its central character, but the film was never made.
Sewell Park, Norwich
Sewell Park is a triangular park between Constitution Hill and St. Clement's Hill in Norwich, Norfolk, England. The park was given to the Norwich Corporation and Norwich City Council as an open space by members of the Sewell family and former mayor Edward Gurney Buxton in 1908. The park was formally opened on July 5, 1909.

At the entrance to the park is a commemorative horse trough in honour of Anna Sewell,  the author of Black Beauty, and other members of the Sewell family.

Facilities in the park include an open green space and a designated play area for children. The park contains specimen trees including several London Planes.
From the top of the park, the steeples of Norwich Cathedral, St John the Baptist Cathedral, Norwich, St. Peter Mancroft and the clock-tower of Norwich City Hall can be seen.

Adjacent to the park is Sewell Park Academy, where the Sewell Barn Theatre is in the school grounds. There is another entrance to the park opposite Sewell Road.

City Hall, Norwich
Norwich City Hall is an Art Deco building completed in 1938 which houses the city hall for the city of Norwich in Norfolk, England. It is one of the Norwich 12, a collection of twelve heritage buildings in Norwich deemed of particular historical and cultural importance. It was designated as a Grade II* listed building in 1971.
Ragin' Cajun (roller coaster)
Ragin' Cajun is a decommissioned steel roller coaster which operated at Six Flags Great America from 2004 to 2013 and Six Flags America from 2014 to 2025. Manufactured by Zamperla and Reverchon Industries, the design is a "Crazy Mouse", which is similar to a "Wild Mouse." Crazy Mouse coasters' cars freely spin during the second half of the ride, but Wild Mouse coasters' cars do not. The ride runs five cars at a time, and each car holds up to four riders with a maximum of two adults. Ragin' Cajun permanently closed with Six Flags America in November 2025.

Steel roller coaster
A steel roller coaster is a type of roller coaster classified by its steel track, which consists of long steel tubes that are run in pairs, supported by larger steel columns or beams. Trains running along the track typically rely on wheels made of polyurethane or nylon to keep each train car anchored to the track. The introduction of tubular steel drastically changed roller coaster innovation, allowing for greater speeds, higher drops, and more intense elements such as inversions.

Arrow Dynamics is credited with inventing tubular steel track and introducing the first modern steel coaster with the opening of Matterhorn Bobsleds at Disneyland in 1959. Older steel-tracked coasters existed previously in a simpler form, such as Little Dipper at Memphis Kiddie Park in Brooklyn, Ohio, which is the oldest operating steel coaster in North America. The oldest in the world is Montaña Suiza at Parque de Atracciones Monte Igueldo (Spain), which has been operating since 1928.