hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ammonium arsenate
Ammonium arsenate is an inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)3AsO4, typically encountered as a trihydrate, (NH4)3AsO4·3H2O. It is a colorless, water-soluble crystalline solid that decomposes upon heating, releasing ammonia and forming arsenic-containing residues.

Like arsenic and all inorganic arsenic compounds, it is classified as an IARC Group 1 carcinogen. It is highly toxic and poses significant health and environmental risks.

Historically used in pesticides and analytical chemistry, its applications are now limited due to toxicity concerns. Ammonium arsenate occurs rarely in nature and is primarily synthesized for research or industrial purposes. Its chemistry, environmental behavior, and analytical detection are of interest in toxicology, environmental chemistry, and biogeochemistry.

Acid salts are also known, including diammonium arsenate and ammonium dihydrogen arsenate.

IARC group 1
IARC group 1 Carcinogens are substances, chemical mixtures, and exposure circumstances which have been classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This category is used when there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Exceptionally, an agent (chemical mixture) may be placed in this category when evidence of carcinogenicity in humans is less than sufficient, but when there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and strong evidence in exposed humans that the agent (mixture) acts through a relevant mechanism of carcinogenicity.

This list focuses on the hazard linked to the agents. This means that while carcinogens are capable of causing cancer, it does not take their risk into account, which is the probability of causing a cancer, given the level of exposure to this carcinogen.
The list is up to date as of January 2026, including all agents classified by Volumes 1–140 of the IARC Monographs.
Mount Regulator
Mount Regulator (54°0′S 37°44′W﻿ / ﻿54.000°S 37.733°W﻿ / -54.000; -37.733) is a mountain, 655 m, standing 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) west of Right Whale Bay on the north side of South Georgia. Surveyed by the SGS in the period 1951–57, and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for the Regulator.  The Regulator was an American sealing ship that was wrecked during the 1799–1800 season.  The crew was rescued by an unknown British sealing ship.  Captain Edmund Fanning of New York returned during the next season and found deserted shelters at Right Whale Bay, built by the crew of the Regulator before their rescue.

Edmund Fanning (explorer)
Edmund Fanning (July 16, 1769 – April 23, 1841) was an American explorer and sea captain, known as the "Pathfinder of the Pacific." Cape Fanning in Antarctica and Fanning Ridge on South Georgia Island are named after him.
Large dense core vesicles
Large dense core vesicle (LDCVs) are lipid vesicles in neurons and secretory cells which may be filled with neurotransmitters, such as catecholamines or neuropeptides. LDVCs release their content through SNARE-mediated exocytosis similar to synaptic vesicles. One key difference between synaptic vesicles and LDCVs is that protein synaptophysin which is present in the membrane of synaptic vesicles is absent in LDCVs. LDCVs have an electron dense core which appears as a black circle in micrographs obtained with transmission electron microscopy.

Synaptic vesicle
In a neuron, synaptic vesicles (or neurotransmitter vesicles) store various neurotransmitters that are released at the synapse. The release is regulated by a voltage-dependent calcium channel. Vesicles are essential for propagating nerve impulses between neurons and are constantly recreated by the cell. The area in the axon that holds groups of vesicles is an axon terminal or "terminal bouton". Up to 130 vesicles can be released per bouton over a ten-minute period of stimulation at 0.2 Hz. In the visual cortex of the human brain, synaptic vesicles have an average diameter of 39.5 nanometers (nm) with a standard deviation of 5.1 nm.
Lalo-Honua
In Hawaiian mythology, Lalo-Honua (Hawaiian for "below the Earth") is the first woman.

She was married to Kumu-Honua and formed out of his side parts; the couple was given a garden by Kāne and were forbidden from eating a particular fruit.

This story may be in whole or in part Christianized.

Kāne
In Hawaiian mythology, Kāne is considered the highest of the three major Hawaiian deities, along with Kū and Lono. He represented the god of procreation and was worshipped as ancestor of chiefs and commoners. Kāne is the creator and gives life associated with dawn, sun and sky. No human sacrifice or laborious ritual was needed in the worship of Kāne. In the Kumuhonua legend, he created Earth, bestowed upon it sea creatures, animals, plants, as well as created man and woman.
Logie Awards of 1975
The 17th Annual TV Week Logie Awards were presented on Friday 7 March 1975 at Southern Cross Hotel in Melbourne and broadcast on the Nine Network. It was the first time the Awards were telecast in Colour. Bert Newton from the Nine Network was the Master of Ceremonies. American film star John Wayne and television actors Lee Majors and William Conrad, British actor Edward Woodward and his wife Michele Dotrice, and Australian-born British television stars Keith Michell and Diane Cilento appeared as guests. Each of the guest presenters were given special souvenir Logies.

Southern Cross Hotel
The Southern Cross Hotel was a hotel in Melbourne, Australia. It was opened by Prime Minister Robert Menzies on 24 August 1962 as Australia's first modern 'International' hotel, heralding the arrival of American-style glamour, the jet-set and international tourism. It occupied a large site on Bourke Street in central Melbourne, formerly occupied by the grand Eastern Market, and was the premier hotel in the city into the early 1980s. The Southern Cross was the preferred hotel for celebrities in this period, most famously The Beatles in 1964, and the ballroom was the preferred location for locally and nationally important events.

Closed on 1 April 1995 and partly demolished, the hotel tower remained standing and vacant until its demolition in 2003.
2009 flu pandemic table September 2009
This is a table containing the figures from the ECDC Influenza A Situation Updates issued in September 2009 roughly three times a week.  From 10 August, ECDC only published deaths totals outside its area, and so the world cases table has not been maintained. The table can be sorted by country, date of first confirmed case or date of first confirmed case by continent.

This presentation of the data in this and other tables may show the progression, peaks, and, eventually, decline of the epidemic in each country and continent.

Summary tables | Previous month | Next month

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) is an agency of the European Union (EU) whose mission is to strengthen Europe's defences against infectious diseases. It covers a wide spectrum of activities, such as: surveillance, epidemic intelligence, response, scientific advice, microbiology, preparedness, public health training, international relations, health communication, and the scientific journal Eurosurveillance. The centre was established in 2004 and is headquartered in Solna, Sweden.
Idjwi
Idjwi, or Ijwi, is an inland island in Lake Kivu which forms part of South Kivu Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. At 70 km (43 mi) in length and with an area of 340 km2 (131 sq mi), it is the second-largest lake island in Africa and the tenth largest in the world. Idjwi is roughly equidistant between the Congo and Rwanda, with 10 to 15 kilometres (6 to 9 mi) separating its western shore from the DRC mainland and a similar distance between its eastern shore and the coastline of Rwanda. The island's southern tip, however, lies only 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from a promontory of the Rwandan coast. It is accessible via boat from Bukavu.

Chiefdom
A chiefdom is a political organization of people represented or governed by a chief. Chiefdoms have been discussed, depending on their scope, as a stateless, state analogue or early state system or institution.

Usually a chief's position is based on kinship, which is often monopolized by the legitimate senior members of select families or 'houses'. These elites can form a political-ideological aristocracy relative to the general group.

Chiefdoms and chiefs are sometimes identified as the same as kingdoms and kings, and therefore understood as monarchies, particularly when they are understood as not necessarily states, but having monarchic representation or government.
Richard Callaghan
Richard S. Callaghan is an American former figure skating coach. He is best known as the long-time coach of Todd Eldredge, the 1996 World champion and a six-time U.S. national champion. He also coached Nicole Bobek to her national title, and Tara Lipinski to Olympic, World, and national titles.

Several of Callaghan's former students have accused him of sexually abusing them as minors. Following an investigation into his conduct sparked by allegations reported to the United States Center for SafeSport by a former student, and a decision by an arbitrator, Callaghan was subjected to a suspension and an indefinite ban on coaching minor skaters. In March 2018, Callaghan was suspended from all participation in sports under the auspices of U.S. Olympic Committee member organizations.

Sexual abuse
Sexual abuse or sex abuse is abusive sexual behavior by one person upon another. It is often perpetrated using physical force, or by taking advantage of another. It often consists of a persistent pattern of sexual assaults. The offender is referred to as a sexual abuser. Live streaming sexual abuse involves trafficking and coerced sexual acts, or rape, in real time on webcam.

Molestation refers to an instance of sexual assault, especially when perpetrated against a child. The perpetrator is called (often pejoratively) a molester. The term also covers behavior by an adult or older adolescent towards a child to sexually stimulate any of the involved. The use of a child for sexual stimulation is referred to as child sexual abuse and, for pubescent or post-pubescent individuals younger than the age of consent, statutory rape.

Sexual abuse can be perpetrated against other vulnerable populations like the elderly, a form of elder abuse, or those with developmental disabilities.
Multiple Species Conservation Program
The Multiple Species Conservation Program (MSCP) is a environmental organization based in San Diego County, California, that aims to preserve a network of habitat and open space, protecting biodiversity and enhancing the region's quality of life.

The City of San Diego is one of several jurisdictions participating in the MSCP. The city has completed the planning effort to identify core biological resource areas targeted for conservation and has entered into an agreement with the federal and state wildlife agencies to ensure implementation of the resource conservation plan and habitat preserve. Current efforts of city MSCP staff largely focus on project review, preserve assembly, and biological monitoring.

Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management.

The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology.
Delfina Guzmán
Delfina Guzmán Correa (born 7 April 1928) is a Chilean actress. She has appeared in more than 30 films and television shows since 1968. She starred in the 1968 Raúl Ruiz film Three Sad Tigers. She is the daughter of Florencio Guzmán Larraín and María Luisa Correa Ugarte. Her son, Nicolás Eyzaguirre, is a Chilean economist.

Raúl Ruiz (director)
Raúl Ernesto Ruiz Pino (French: Raoul Ruiz; 25 July 1941 – 19 August 2011) was an experimental Chilean filmmaker, writer and teacher whose work is best known in France. He directed more than 100 films.
Axinidris
Axinidris is a genus of arboreal ants in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. The genus is known from forested areas the Afrotropics, where they nest in hollow stems or rotten wood. They forage mainly in trees, but occasionally on the ground.

Afrotropical realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region.
I Beg Your Pardon
"I Beg Your Pardon" is a song by Canadian musical duo Kon Kan from their 1989 debut album Move to Move, released as their debut single in 1988. It was written and produced by Barry Harris. American musician Joe South also received a songwriting credit, due to the song's sampling of Lynn Anderson's 1970 hit "Rose Garden", which South wrote.

Harris said that the song was "the question to Lynn Anderson's 'Rose Garden' answer." It was Harris's first studio project, and was initially released on an unknown independent record label in Toronto.

The song was a hit, reaching the top twenty in a number of countries including the UK and U.S., where it peaked at numbers 5 and 15, respectively.

Joe South
Joe South (born Joseph Alfred Souter; February 28, 1940 – September 5, 2012) was an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer. Best known for his songwriting, South won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year in 1970 for "Games People Play" and was again nominated for the award in 1972 for "Rose Garden".
Dinesh Sharma (politician)
Dinesh Sharma (born 12 January 1964) is an Indian politician and a Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha
from Uttar Pradesh. He was the Deputy Chief minister of Uttar Pradesh from 2017 to 2022. He was previously the mayor of Lucknow. A professor by profession, he is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party and he has held various posts in the party.

Lucknow Municipal Corporation
The Lucknow Municipal Corporation (LMC), or the Lucknow Nagar Nigam is a local government for Lucknow, the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is responsible for the civic infrastructure and administration in the city of Lucknow.

In 2025, LMC passed a budget of 4,304 Crore INR for the financial year 2025-2026, a major jump from the last years budget of 2,865 Crore INR.
Gautam Shrestha
Gautam Shrestha (born 21 February 2000) is a Nepali footballer who plays as a defender for Nepali club Pokhara Thunders and the Nepal national team.For part of his first season with Pokhara Thunders, he was on loan with Tribhuvan Army.

Nepalis
Nepali or Nepalese or Gorkhali (Nepali: नेपाली जनता) are the permanent citizens of Nepal under Nepali nationality law. The term Nepali strictly refers to nationality, meaning people holding citizenship of Nepal. Conversely, people without Nepalese citizenship but with roots in Nepal (such as Nepalese Australians), who speak Nepali or any of the other 128 Nepali languages but hold foreign citizenship, are referred to as Nepali-language Speaking Foreigners (Nepali: नेपाली भाषी विदेशी). The term Nepali is also not generally used to refer to non-citizen residents, dual citizens, or expatriates.

Nepal is a multicultural and multi-ethnic country. Bagmati Province is the most densely populated province, holding approximately 20.97 percent of Nepal's population.
Brown FK
Brown FK, also called Kipper Brown, Chocolate Brown FK, and C.I. Food Brown 1, is a brown mixture of six synthetic azo dyes, with addition of sodium chloride, and/or sodium sulfate. It is very soluble in water. When used as a food dye, its E number is E154.

It was once used in smoked and cured mackerels and other fish and also in some cooked hams and other meats. It gave a "healthy" color that did not fade during cooking, nor leach.

It is currently not approved for use in the European Union (but was allowed to color kippers to produce orange kippers), in Australia, Austria, Canada, United States, Japan, Switzerland, New Zealand, Norway, and Russia.

In 2011, a review by the European Food Safety Authority concluded that Brown FK was no longer used and the Authority could not conclude on the safety of the substance due to the deficiencies in the available toxicity data. Therefore, it should not be included in the Union list of approved food additives.

E number
E numbers, short for Europe numbers, are codes for substances used as food additives, including those found naturally in many foods, such as vitamin C, for use within the European Union (EU): 27  and European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Commonly found on food labels, their safety assessment and approval are the responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The fact that an additive has an E number implies that its use was at one time permitted in products for sale in the European Single Market; some of these additives are no longer allowed today.

Having a single unified list for food additives was first agreed upon in 1962 with food colouring. In 1964, the directives for preservatives were added; In 1970 antioxidants were added; In 1974 emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents were added as well.
Gerardus Siderius
Gerardus Gijsbertus Siderius (11 March 1914, Amsterdam – 14 April 1990, Loosdrecht) was a Dutch canoeist who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
In 1936 he and his partner Henk Starreveld finished fifth in the K-2 10000 metres competition.

Canoeing
Canoeing is an activity which involves paddling a canoe with a single-bladed paddle. In some parts of Europe, canoeing refers to both canoeing and kayaking, with a canoe being called an 'open canoe' or 'Canadian'.

A few of the recreational forms of canoeing are canoe camping and canoe racing.  Other forms include a wide range of canoeing on lakes, rivers, oceans, ponds and streams.
Lucas Paquetá
Lucas Tolentino Coelho de Lima (born 27 August 1997), better known as Lucas Paquetá (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈlukas pakɛˈta]), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Flamengo and the Brazil national team.

Paquetá began his career in 2007 with Flamengo, where he won the 2016 Copa São Paulo de Júniores title. After being promoted to the senior team in 2016, he moved to Europe in 2019 to join Italian giants AC Milan, where he played for two seasons. He then joined French club Lyon, and in 2022 signed for English side West Ham United, winning the UEFA Europa Conference League in his debut season. He then joined Brazilian side Flamengo in 2026.

Paquetá represented Brazil at the Copa América in 2019, 2021 and 2024, winning the 2019 tournament, and was also a part of their squad for the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

Campeonato Carioca
The Campeonato Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (English: Rio de Janeiro State Championship), most known as Campeonato Carioca and commonly as the Cariocão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is run by the Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation (FERJ).

The first season of the Campeonato Carioca was played in 1906. Rivalries amongst four of the most prestigious Brazilian teams (Botafogo, Flamengo, Fluminense and Vasco da Gama) have marked the history of the competition. Flamengo leads the title count with 39, followed by Fluminense (33), Vasco da Gama (24), Botafogo (21), America (7), Bangu (2), São Cristóvão and Paissandu (1 each).
Tentlingen
Tentlingen (French: Tinterin; Arpitan: Tenterens [tɛ̃təˈʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.  It is one of the municipalities with a large majority of German speakers in the mostly French speaking Canton of Fribourg.

Sense District
Sense District (German: Sensebezirk; French: District de la Singine [distʁi(kt) d(ə) la sɛ̃ʒin]; Arpitan: District de la Singena [diʃˈtʁi də la ʃɛ̃ˈdzəna] ⓘ) is one of the seven administrative districts of the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland, and the only completely German-speaking one. It is named after the Sense river, which forms the majority of its eastern border with the canton of Bern.
Wheelchair fencing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Women's épée B
The women's épée B wheelchair fencing competition at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was held on 16 September at the Olympic Green Convention Center.

The competition began with a preliminary stage where fencers were divided into two pools and played a round robin tournament.
In this stage, the winner of a bout was the first person to score five hits or the person with the highest score at the end of four minutes.
Next was a knock-out stage, where fencers competed in three three-minute bouts with a one-minute break between each.
The winner was the first to reach fifteen hits, or the one with the highest score at the end of the last bout.
In the event of a tie, another one-minute bout was held, with the winner being the first to score a hit.

The event was won by Chan Yui Chong, representing  Hong Kong.

China National Convention Center
The China National Convention Center, previously known as the Olympic Green Convention Center (simplified Chinese: 国家会议中心; traditional Chinese: 國家會議中心; pinyin: Guójiā Huìyì Zhōngxīn) is a convention center located in the Olympic Green in Beijing.
Piłsudski's colonels
Piłsudski's colonels, or the colonels' regime (in Polish, simply "the colonels") governed the Second Polish Republic from 1926 to 1939.

In some contexts, the term refers specifically to the period, from 1935 to 1939, following the death of their mentor and patron, Józef Piłsudski.

Kazimierz Świtalski
Kazimierz Stanisław Świtalski (Polish pronunciation: [kaˈʑimjɛʂ staˈɲiswaf ɕfiˈtalskʲi]; 4 March 1886 – 28 December 1962) was a Polish politician, diplomat, soldier, military officer in the Polish Legions and Prime Minister of Poland between April and December 1929.
Patiyali Assembly constituency
Patiyali  Assembly constituency is  one of the 403 constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly,  India. It is a part of the Kasganj district. Patiyali Assembly constituency comes under Etah Lok Sabha constituency. First election in this assembly constituency was held in 1969 after the delimitation order was passed in 1967. After the "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order" was passed in 2008, the constituency was assigned identification number 102.

Etah
Etah (Hindi pronunciation: [eːʈaː]) is a city in western Uttar Pradesh, India, and the administrative headquarters of Etah District. It lies approximately 72 km (45 mi) northeast of Agra, 77 km (48 mi) southeast of Aligarh, 58 km (36 mi) northeast of Firozabad and 40 km (25 mi) southwest of the Ganges River.