hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Anderson (botanist)
James Anderson (17 January 1738–6 August 1809) was a Scottish physician and botanist who worked in India as an employee of the East India Company. During his career in India, he was involved in establishing a botanical garden at Mambalam, Madras, originating from a nopalry or Opuntia garden where he made attempts to introduce the cultivation of cochineal insects. He then attempted to introduce various other economically valuable plants, and examined silk and lac production. He maintained a steady communication with his friend from youth, James Anderson LLD (1739–1808) who published some of his notes in The Bee, or Literary Weekly Intelligencer, which has led to the use of the distinguishing form James Anderson MD or James Anderson of Madras.

Economic botany
Economic botany is the study of the relationship between people (individuals and cultures) and plants. Economic botany intersects many fields including established disciplines such as agronomy, anthropology, archaeology, chemistry, economics, ethnobotany, ethnology, forestry, genetic resources, geography, geology, horticulture, medicine, microbiology, nutrition, pharmacognosy, and pharmacology. This link between botany and anthropology explores the ways humans use plants for food, medicines, and commerce.
Trying to Be Cool
"Trying to Be Cool" is a song by the French band Phoenix from their fifth album Bankrupt!. It was released as the second single from the album on 8 July 2013. The official remix features R. Kelly. The song became Phoenix's third top-ten hit on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart, after "1901" and "Lisztomania". The song's cover includes a mint julep, which is said in one of the song's lines, "mint julep testosterone". Frontman Thomas Mars told Spin magazine the lyrics to "Trying to Be Cool" mainly analyse "the beauty of the fake".

Mint julep
Mint julep is an alcoholic cocktail, consisting primarily of bourbon, sugar, water, crushed or shaved ice, and fresh mint. As a bourbon-based cocktail, it is associated with the American South and the cuisine of the Southern United States in general, in particular as a symbol of the Kentucky Derby.
KPLR-TV
KPLR-TV (channel 11), branded STL 11, is a television station in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, serving as the local outlet for The CW. It is owned and operated by network majority owner Nexstar Media Group alongside Fox affiliate KTVI (channel 2). The two stations share studios on Ball Drive in Maryland Heights; KPLR's transmitter is located in Sappington, Missouri.

Maryland Heights, Missouri
Maryland Heights is a second-ring west-northwest suburb of St. Louis, located in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2020 census, Maryland Heights had a population of 28,284. The city was incorporated in 1985. Edwin L. Dirck was appointed the city's first mayor by then County Executive Gene McNary. Mark M. Levin served as City Administrator from August 1985 to 2015.
Michelle Day
Michelle Day is an American attorney and politician from Oklahoma. Day served as the 31st Oklahoma Secretary of State, having been appointed by Governor Mary Fallin to serve in an interim position following the resignation of Glenn Coffee. Fallin then appointed Larry Parman.

Day earned a degree in accounting from Central State University and a Juris Doctor from the University of Oklahoma. Previously, she had served as deputy state auditor, an assistant district attorney general, general counsel for the Oklahoma Department of Central Services, and assistant chief counsel and associate counsel for the Oklahoma Department of Public Safety.

Day currently works as an attorney in Oklahoma City.

Oklahoma Department of Public Safety
The Oklahoma Department of Public Safety (ODPS) is a department of the government of Oklahoma. Under the supervision of the Oklahoma Secretary of Public Safety, DPS provides for the safety of Oklahomans and the administration of justice in the state. DPS is responsible for statewide law enforcement, vehicle regulation, homeland security and such other duties as the Governor of Oklahoma may proscribe.

The Department is led by the Commissioner of Public Safety. The Commissioner is appointed by the Governor of Oklahoma, with the approval of the Oklahoma Senate, to serve at his pleasure. The current Commissioner is Tim Tipton, who was appointed by Governor Kevin Stitt on September 10, 2021.

The Department of Public Safety was created during the term of Governor E. W. Marland.
Tadef Subdistrict
Tadef Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية تادف, romanized: Nāḩiyat Tādif)  is a subdistrict of al-Bab District in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Administrative centre is Tadef. At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 41,951.

Tadef
Tadef (Arabic: تادف; also spelled Tedef or Tadif) is a town southeast of Al-Bab, about 20 miles (32 km) east of Aleppo, Syria and less than 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) south of Al Bab. The town, which is the site of a shrine to the Jewish prophet Ezra (c. 400 BCE), was a popular summer resort for the Jews of Aleppo.
Public Security Police Force
The Public Security Police Force (Chinese: 治安警察局; Portuguese: Corpo de Polícia de Segurança Pública de Macau, abbreviated CPSP) is the non-criminal police department of Macau and a branch of the Macau Security Force. Originally known at first as the Macau Police (Portuguese: Polícia de Macau), the force went through several name changes before taking on its current name. The PSP celebrates its foundation on 14 March 1691.

Due to the one country, two systems perspective, it is organisationally separate from the mainland authorities. CPSPM is organisationally independent from the jurisdiction of the mainland's Public Security Ministry.

The force is currently headed by Ng Kam Wa since 20 December 2019.

One country, two systems
"One country, two systems" (1C2S) is a constitutional principle of the People's Republic of China (PRC) describing the governance of the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.

Deng Xiaoping developed the one country, two systems concept. This constitutional principle was formulated in the early 1980s during negotiations over Hong Kong between China and the United Kingdom. It provided that there would be only one China, but that each region would retain its own economic and administrative system. Under the principle, each of the two regions could continue to have its own governmental system, legal, economic and financial affairs, including trade relations with foreign countries, all of which are independent from those of the mainland. The PRC has also proposed to apply the principle toward unification with Taiwan; however, Taiwan has consistently rejected the proposal.
Communauté de communes des Terroirs d'Angillon
The communauté de communes des Terroirs d’Angillon was created on December 29, 2000, and is located in the Cher  département  of the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. It was created in January 2001. It was merged into the new Communauté de communes Terres du Haut Berry in January 2017.

The Communauté de communes comprised the following communes:

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire (/ˌvæl də ˈlwɑːr, ˌvɑːl-/; French pronunciation: [sɑ̃tʁ(ə) val də lwaʁ], lit. 'Centre-Loire Valley'), or simply Centre as it was known until 2015, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France. It straddles the middle Loire Valley in the interior of the country, encompassing six departments (Cher, Eure-et-Loir, Indre, Indre-et-Loire, Loir-et-Cher and Loiret), with a population of 2,572,853 as of 2018. Its prefecture is Orléans, and its largest city is Tours.
Yellow-fin perchlet
The yellow-fin perchlet (Pseudoambassis elongata) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Ambassidae. It is endemic to Australia where it has only been recorded from the  three rivers which drain into the Gulf of Carpentaria in northern Queensland. They are found in freshwater creeks and rivers with marginal vegetation, frequently recorded from freshwater streams that have quite high turbidity levels.

Ambassidae
The Asiatic glassfishes are a family, the Ambassidae, of freshwater and marine ray-finned fishes. Some species are known as perchlets.

The family has also been called Chandidae, and some sources continue to use the name, but as Ambassidae was used earlier, it has precedence over Chandidae, which was first used in 1905.
Italia suburbicaria
Italia suburbicaria ("Italy under the authority of the urbs", i.e. Rome) was a vicariate of the late Roman Empire established by Constantine I (306–337).

It included south-central Italy and the islands of Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica. Its capital was Rome, where the vicarius urbis Romae, the highest civil authority of the vicariate, had its seat.

Lucania et Bruttium
Lucania et Bruttium, or Lucania et Bruttii, was an southern Italian province of the Roman Empire, which was governed by a corrector. Established under Augustus as the 3rd region of Italy (Regio III), it encompassed the areas of Lucania and Bruttium.
Armand Bouat
Armand Bouat (31 March 1873 in Padirac — 11 August 1929 in Neuilly-sur-Seine) was a French politician and merchant. He was elected to the French National Assembly in 1924 from the Lot constituency, as a Radical Socialist candidate. Bouat became mayor of Martel in 1925. He was re-elected to the National Assembly in 1928.

Lot (department)
Lot (French pronunciation: [lɔt]; Occitan: Òlt [ɔl]) is a department in the Occitanie region of France. Named after the Lot River, it lies in the southwestern part of the country and had a population of 174,094 in 2019. Its prefecture is Cahors; its subprefectures are Figeac and Gourdon.
Galina Grigorjeva
Galina Grigorjeva (Ukrainian: Галина Григорьєва, born 2 December 1962 in Simferopol, Ukraine) is an Estonian composer of Ukrainian origin.

She studied at Odesa Conservatory, and in 1991 she graduated from St. Petersburg Conservatory.

In 2014, she was awarded with Order of the White Star, IV class.

Grigorjeva has received a number of awards, including the Heino Eller Music Prize and the Lepo Sumera Composer Prize, and in 2015 her CD "In Paradisum" won the prize for best classical album at the Eesti Muusikaauhinnad (Estonian Music Prize).

Saint Petersburg Conservatory
The N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov Saint Petersburg State Conservatory (Russian: Санкт-Петербургская государственная консерватория имени Н. А. Римского-Корсакова) (formerly known as the Petrograd Conservatory and Leningrad Conservatory) is a school of music in Saint Petersburg, Russia. In 2013, the conservatory had around 400 faculty members and over 1300 students.
Gondi (food)
Gondi (Persian: گندی), sometimes spelled ghondi or gundi, is a Persian Jewish dish of meatballs made from ground lamb, veal or chicken traditionally served on Shabbat. Dried lime is sometimes used as an ingredient. Gondi are served as part of chicken soup served on Shabbat and other Jewish holidays, similar to their Ashkenazi Jewish counterpart matzo balls.

They are also sometimes served as a side dish, or as an appetizer. Accompaniments are Middle Eastern bread and raw greens such as mint, watercress, and basil.

Watercress
Watercress or yellowcress (Nasturtium officinale) is a species of aquatic flowering plant in the cabbage family, Brassicaceae.

Watercress is a rapidly growing perennial plant native to Eurasia. It is one of the oldest known leaf vegetables consumed by humans. Watercress and many of its relatives, such as garden cress, mustard, radish, and wasabi, are noteworthy for their piquant flavors.
Athens-Macedonian News Agency
The Athens-Macedonian News Agency (AMNA) (Greek: Αθηναϊκό-Μακεδονικό Πρακτορείο Ειδήσεων, ΑΜΠΕ) is a Greek news agency. It is a public entity anonymous company. It was founded in 2008 as the Athens News Agency - Macedonian Press Agency S.A. (ANA-MPA SA), under a presidential decree which merged the Athens News Agency (ANA SA) and the Macedonian Press Agency (MPA SA).

The company has a nine-member board of directors, of which the majority (five members) comprises representatives of the Journalists' Union of the Athens Daily Newspapers (ESIEA), the Macedonia-Thrace Union of Journalists (ESIEMTH), the Athens Union of Daily Newspaper Owners, the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (and on rotation every three years the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and the Panteion University), as well as a representative of the workforce, who is elected by all the company's staff members.

S.A. (corporation)
The abbreviation S.A. or SA designates a type of public limited company in certain countries, most of which have a Romance language as their official language and operate a derivative of the 1804, Napoleonic, civil law. Originally, shareholders could be anonymous and collect dividends by surrendering coupons attached to their share certificates. Dividends were paid to whoever held the certificate. Since share certificates could be transferred privately, corporate management would not necessarily know who owned its shares – nor did anyone but the holders.

As with bearer bonds, anonymous unregistered share ownership and dividend collection enabled money laundering, tax evasion, and concealed business transactions in general, so governments passed laws to audit the practice. Nowadays, shareholders of S.A.s are not anonymous, though shares can still be held by a holding company to obscure the beneficiary.
Cape Disappointment (South Georgia)
Cape Disappointment (54°53′S 36°7′W﻿ / ﻿54.883°S 36.117°W﻿ / -54.883; -36.117) is a headland which forms the southern extremity of South Georgia. It was first charted and so named in 1775 by a British expedition under James Cook, who upon reaching this position was greatly disappointed in realizing that South Georgia was an island and he had not reached the continent of Antarctica.

Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape. Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff.

Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out, then start the same process all over again.
14th Infantry Division (Russian Empire)
The 14th Infantry Division (Russian: 14-я пехо́тная диви́зия, 14-ya Pekhotnaya Diviziya) was an infantry formation of the Russian Imperial Army that existed in various formations from the early 19th century until the end of World War I and the Russian Revolution. The division was based in Kishinev in the years leading up to 1914. It fought in World War I and was demobilized in 1918.

Alexander Ievreinov
Alexander Iosafovich Ievreinov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Иоаса́фович Иевреинов, August 28, 1851 – 1929) was an Imperial Russian brigade, division and corps commander. He was made a captain in 1881, a Podpolkovnik (lieutenant colonel) in 1885, a Polkovnik (colonel) in 1889, a major general in 1899, and a lieutenant general in 1906.
Ian Prior (cricketer)
Ian Prior (26 July 1930 – 13 November 2007) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper. He was born in Battersea and died in Ipswich.

Prior made 3 first-class appearances for the Minor Counties. The first was against the West Indies in 1966, the second against Pakistan batting in the lower order alongside Norman McVicker, Prior scored 21 runs in the first innings and a duck in the second and finally against Australia in 1968.

Prior made a single List A appearance, for Suffolk, during the 1966 Gillette Cup, having played Minor Counties cricket since 1953 with Suffolk and Essex's Second XI. Prior continued to play for Suffolk in the Minor Counties Championship until 1968.

Battersea
Battersea is a large district in southwest London, part of the London Borough of Wandsworth, England. It is centred 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of Charing Cross and also extends along the south bank of the Thames Tideway. It includes the 200-acre (0.81 km2) Battersea Park.
Greg Buckner
Gregory Derayle Buckner (born September 16, 1976) is an American former professional basketball player who is an assistant coach for the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He had previously served as an assistant coach for the Memphis Grizzlies and the Cleveland Cavaliers.

Selected in the second round (53rd pick overall) of the 1998 NBA draft by the Dallas Mavericks after playing college basketball at Clemson, he played for the Mavericks, Philadelphia 76ers, Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves and Grizzlies. Buckner's first professional experience came with the Grand Rapids Hoops of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA), where he averaged 8.6 points and 3.9 rebounds per game in the 1998–99 season.

Grand Rapids Hoops
The Grand Rapids Hoops were a basketball team that played in the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Their first season was in 1989 and their final season was in 2003. Professional basketball later returned to Grand Rapids with the Grand Rapids Flight in 2004.
Royal Lao Navy
The Royal Lao Navy (Lao: ກອງທັບເຣືອພຣະຣາຊອານາຈັກລາວ; French: Marine Royale Laotiènne – MRL) was the naval component of the Royal Lao Armed Forces (FAR), the official military of the Royal Lao Government and the Kingdom of Laos during the Laotian Civil War between 1960 and 1975.

Thakhek
Thakhek (Lao: ທ່າແຂກ, pronounced [tʰāː kʰɛ̏ːk]), the capital of Khammouane Province, is a town in south-central Laos on the Mekong River and the administrative centre of the district with the same name. The Third Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge, linking Thakhek and Nakhon Phanom, Thailand, across the river, started in 2009 and was opened on 11 November 2011.

The city has French colonial style official buildings, villas, and shops. In 1943, 85% of the population of Thakhek were Vietnamese due to the French policy of encouraging Vietnamese immigrants to Laos. Remnants of the abortive Thakhek-Tan Ap railway can be seen in and near the town. The railway would have run between Thakhek and Tân Ấp Railway Station, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam through the Mụ Giạ Pass.
Form I-129
Form I-129, Petition for a Nonimmigrant Worker is a form submitted to the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services used by employers or prospective employers to obtain or amend the details of a worker on a nonimmigrant visa status. Form I-129 is used to either file for a new status or a change of status, such as new, continuing or changed employer or title; or an amendment to the original application. Approval of the form makes the worker eligible to start or continue working at the job (on or after the indicated start date) if already in the United States. If the worker is not already in the United States, an approved Form I-129 may be used to submit a visa application associated with that status. The form is 36 pages long (8 pages for the main form, and the remaining pages for various supplements not all of which may be applicable to every petition) and the instructions for the form are 29 pages long. It is one of the many USCIS immigration forms.

F visa
In the United States, the F series of visa is a class of non-immigrant student visa that allows foreigners to pursue education (academic studies and/or language training programs) in the United States. F-1 students must maintain a full course of study. F-1 visas are only issued in U.S. embassies and consulates, although extensions of stay and changes of status may be possible within the United States. Prospective F-1 students must apply to a school and receive a form I-20 in order to apply for an F-1 visa. F-1 students must show that they are able to support themselves during their stay in the U.S., as their opportunities for legal employment are quite limited. F-2 visas are given to dependents of an F-1 student. F-2 visa holders are prohibited from any form of compensated employment. However, minor children may attend public schools. Finally, the F-3 visa is issued to Canadians and Mexicans who commute across the border to attend American schools.
Arne Åkermark
Arne Åkermark (1902–1962) was a Swedish art director who worked on around a hundred and eighty films during a thirty-year career.

In 1948 Åkermark was employed in Britain for Ealing Studios epic Scott of the Antarctic.

Scott of the Antarctic (film)
Scott of the Antarctic is a 1948 British adventure film starring John Mills as Robert Falcon Scott in his ill-fated attempt to reach the South Pole. The film more or less faithfully recreates the events that befell the Terra Nova Expedition in 1912.

The film was directed by Charles Frend from screenplay by Ivor Montagu and Walter Meade with "additional dialogue" by the novelist Mary Hayley Bell (Mills' wife). The film score was by Ralph Vaughan Williams, who reworked elements of it into his 1952 Sinfonia antartica. The supporting cast included James Robertson Justice, Derek Bond, Kenneth More, John Gregson, Barry Letts and Christopher Lee.

Much of the film was shot in Technicolor at Ealing Studios in London. Landscape and glacier exteriors were shot in the Swiss Alps and in Norway. Background scenes were shot in the Antarctic islands.
Sesa Football Academy (women)
Sesa Football Academy is an Indian women's professional football club from Goa. It forms the women's section of the club Sesa Football Academy and participates in Indian Women's League, the top tier of Indian women's football. They finished third in the 2024–25 edition of the second tier Indian Women's League 2 and were promoted to the top tier Indian Women's League.

Indian Women's League 2
The Indian Women's League 2 (abbreviated as IWL 2) is the second-tier professional women's football league in the Indian football league system. The competition was established in 2023, with its first season starting in 2024. It was launched as India’s first national second-tier professional women’s football league, positioned below the Indian Women's League.
2009–10 UEFA Champions League
The 2009–10 UEFA Champions League was the 55th season of Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 18th under the current UEFA Champions League format. The final was played on 22 May 2010 at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in Madrid, Spain, the first time the final was played on a Saturday. The final was won by Italian club Inter Milan, who beat German side Bayern Munich 2–0.

Inter Milan went on to represent Europe in the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup, beating Congolese side TP Mazembe 3–0 in the final, and played in the 2010 UEFA Super Cup against Europa League winners Atlético Madrid, losing 2–0.

Barcelona were the defending champions, but they were eliminated by eventual winners Inter Milan in the semi-finals.

TP Mazembe
Tout Puissant Mazembe, commonly referred to as TP Mazembe, is a Congolese professional football club based in Lubumbashi. They were the first African and the first outside of Europe and South America to play in a Club World Cup final, losing 3-0 against Inter Milan in the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup edition, finishing runners-up.