hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Negro (candy)
Negro is a candy originating in Subotica, made by the company founded in 1917 by József Ruff. Originally based in Austria-Hungary, Ruff and his family continued living and working in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia following the dissolution of Austria-Hungary. This brand of candies has been later produced by Pionir (the successor of Ruff's confectionery production) since 1946 in Serbia. In Hungary, it was produced by Győri Keksz until 2019. The product's slogan is "the chimney sweeper of the throat". On its wrapper a chimney sweeper is depicted sweeping a chimney. It gets its black colour, from which the candy's name is derived from active carbon. Anise, which is similar in taste to licorice, and taste from menthol is added. Its full recipe is an industrial secret.

Chimney sweep
A chimney sweep is a person who inspects then clears soot and creosote from chimneys. The chimney uses the pressure difference caused by a hot column of gas to create a draught and draw air over the hot coals or wood enabling continued combustion. Chimneys may be straight or contain many changes of direction. During normal operation, a layer of creosote builds up on the inside of the chimney, restricting the flow. The creosote can also catch fire, setting the chimney alight (and potentially the entire building). The chimney must be swept to remove the soot.

In Great Britain, master sweeps took apprentices, typically workhouse or orphan boys, and trained them to climb chimneys. In the German States, master sweeps belonged to trade guilds and did not use climbing boys. In Italy, Belgium, and France, climbing boys were used.

The occupation requires some dexterity and carries health risks.
An Agricultural Testament
An Agricultural Testament is Sir Albert Howard's best-known publication, and remains one of the seminal works in the history of organic farming agricultural movement. Dedicated to his first wife and co-worker Gabrielle, herself a plant physiologist, it focuses on the nature and management of soil fertility, and notably explores composting. At a time when modern, chemical-based industrialized agriculture was just beginning to radically alter food production, it advocated natural processes rather than man-made inputs as the superior approach to farming. It was first published in England in 1940, with the first American edition in 1943.

Gabrielle Howard
Gabrielle Louise Caroline Howard (née Matthaei; 3 October 1876 – 18 August 1930), usually cited as G. L. C. Matthaei, was an English plant physiologist and economic botanist who advocated organic farming.
Ireland–Israel relations
Ireland–Israel relations are foreign relations between Ireland and Israel. Relations between the two countries have been complex and generally strained due to their conflicting positions on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

Relations between the two countries soured during the Gaza war. In late 2024, Israel closed its embassy in Dublin, citing Ireland's "anti-Israel" stance. In January 2025, Ireland announced it would join South Africa's Gaza genocide case against Israel in the International Court of Justice.

Alan Shatter
Alan Joseph Shatter (born 14 February 1951) is an Irish lawyer, author and former Fine Gael politician who served as Minister for Justice and Equality and Minister for Defence from 2011 to 2014. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin South constituency from 1981 to 2002 and from 2007 to 2016. He left Fine Gael in early 2018 and ran as an independent candidate at the 2024 general election, but was not elected.

His most recent books are Life is a Funny Business (2017), Frenzy and Betrayal: The Anatomy of a Political Assassination (2019) and Cyril's Lottery of Life (2023)

He has had occasional opinion articles published in The Irish Times, the Irish Independent, the Sunday Independent, the Business Post, the Jerusalem Post and the Times of Israel.

He is chairperson of the Inheritance Tax Reform Campaign and of Magen David Adom Ireland.

He is also a board member of the Israel Council on Foreign Relations and chair of MDA Ireland.
Susie Wind
Susie Wind (born 1968 in Wichita, Kansas) is a visual artist specializing in oils and chalk paintings. She is active in the Seattle arts community but has participated in showings across the United States.

Wind received a bachelor's degree in Fine Arts from the University of Utah in 1995 and a master's degree in Art Therapy from College of Notre Dame in Belmont, California in 1997. She is married to Professional Engineer Lloyd Wind.  They had two children.

Wind specializes in "Urban Settings", a subset of American Scene Painting, a generalized series of vignettes attempting to capture the unknown stories of previous inhabitants of the spaces we now inhabit.  She has been featured in showings at Salt Lake City Library and several other civic and municipal settings, as well as many gallery shows.

Regionalism (art)
American Regionalism is an American realist modern art movement that included paintings, murals, lithographs, and illustrations depicting realistic scenes of rural and small-town America, primarily in the Midwest. It arose in the 1930s as a response to the Great Depression, and ended in the 1940s due to the end of World War II and a lack of development within the movement. It reached its height of popularity from 1930 to 1935, as it was widely appreciated for its reassuring images of the American heartland during the Great Depression.

Despite major stylistic differences between specific artists, Regionalist art in general was in a relatively conservative and traditionalist style that appealed to popular American sensibilities, while strictly opposing the perceived domination of French art.
Rodrigo Álvarez de las Asturias
Rodrigo Álvarez de Asturias (died 1334) was a Spanish nobleman and lord of Noreña, Gijón, and County of Trastámara. He was the son of another Rodrigo Alvarez de Asturias and grandson of Pedro Álvarez de Asturias. He married Juana Fernandez de Saldana daughter of Fernando Rodriguez de Saldana. He had two children including Rodrigo Álvarez de Asturias II.

County of Trastámara
The County of Trastámara (Spanish Condado de Trastámara) was a tenancy of the crown in the Kingdom of Galicia in the Middle Ages. Its name comes from the Latin tra(n)s Tamar(is), meaning "beyond [north of] the Tambre", a river which runs through Galicia. It was regularly granted to men of a single family, the House of Traba from the 11th century into the 13th, after which it was often given for life to others, including Alvar Núñez Osorio and the future King Henry II of Castile, whose dynasty is thus known as the House of Trastámara. On 4 February 1445 in San Martín de Valdeiglesias, it was granted as a hereditary possession to Pedro Álvarez Osorio by Juan II of Castile.
Ali ibn Isa al-Asturlabi
ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā al-Asṭurlābī (Arabic: علي بن عيسى, fl. 832) was a 9th century Arab geographer and astronomer. He wrote a treatise on the astrolabe and was an opponent of astrology. During the reign of al-Ma'mun, and together with Khālid ibn ʿAbd al-Malik al-Marwarrūdhī, he participated in an expedition to the Plain of Sinjar to measure the length of a degree. Differing reports state that they obtained a result of 56 miles (90 km), 56 and two-thirds, or 56 and one-quarter miles per degree.

Sinjar
Sinjar (Arabic: سنجار, romanized: Sinjār; Kurdish: شنگال, romanized: Şingal, Syriac: ܫܝܓܪ, romanized: Shingar) is a town in the Sinjar District of the Nineveh Governorate in northern Iraq. It is located about five kilometers south of the Sinjar Mountains. Its population in 2013 was estimated at 88,023, and is predominantly Yazidi.
Taekwondo at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's 58 kg
The men's  58 kg competition of the taekwondo events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place on July 19 at the Mississauga Sports Centre. The defending Pan American Games champion was Gabriel Mercedes of the Dominican Republic.

Taekwondo at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's 58 kg
The men's  58 kg competition of the taekwondo events at the 2011 Pan American Games took place on the 15 of October at the CODE II Gymnasium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Yulis Gabriel Mercedes of the Dominican Republic, while the defending Pan American Championship, champion is Marcio Ferreira of Brazil.
Warboys Clay Pit
Warboys Clay Pit is a 12.6-hectare (31-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Warboys in Cambridgeshire. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

According to Natural England this "unrivalled Oxfordian section shows more than 20 metres of Upper Oxford Clay". It has ammonite fossils dating to the Late Jurassic, around 160 million years ago.

The site is private land with no public access.

Oxfordian age
The Oxfordian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the earliest age of the Late Jurassic Epoch, or the lowest stage of the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 161.5 ± 1.0 Ma and 154.8 ± 0.8 Ma (million years ago). The Oxfordian is preceded by the Callovian and is followed by the Kimmeridgian.
Newag 19WE
Newag 19WE is a standard-gauge, four-car electric multiple unit (EMU) produced between 2008 and 2010 at the Newag plant in Nowy Sącz. A total of 4 units were built, which are operated by Szybka Kolej Miejska in Warsaw.

The prototype 19WE, after adding two middle cars, received the designation 20WE.

Nowy Sącz
Nowy Sącz (Polish pronunciation: [ˈnɔvɨ ˈsɔnt͡ʂ] ⓘ; Hungarian: Újszandec; Yiddish: צאַנז, romanized: Tsanz; Slovak: Nový Sonč) is a city in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship of southern Poland. It is the district capital of Nowy Sącz County as a separate administrative unit. With a population of 83,116 as of 2021, it is the largest city in the Beskid Sądecki Region as well as the third most populous city in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.
1976 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1976 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships took place between June 10–12 at Drake Stadium on the campus of University of California, Los Angeles in Westwood, California. The decathlon took place on June 25–26 at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon as part of the 1976 Olympic Trials where Bruce Jenner improved his own world record. This meet was organized by the AAU. It was the first such meet, a precedent that has been followed subsequently, where the women's division competed  at the same venue concurrently with the men.

Westwood, Los Angeles
Westwood is a commercial and residential neighborhood in the northern central portion of the Westside region of the city of Los Angeles, California. It is the home of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Bordering the campus on the south is Westwood Village, a major regional district for shopping, dining, movie theaters, and other entertainment.

Wilshire Boulevard through Westwood is a major corridor of condominium towers, on the eastern end and of Class A office towers, on the western end. Westwood also has residential areas of multifamily and single family housing, including exclusive Holmby Hills. The neighborhood was developed starting in 1919, and UCLA opened in 1929, while Westwood Village was built up starting in 1929 through the 1930s.
2024 United Kingdom general election in Wales
The 2024 general election was held on Thursday, 4 July 2024. Thirty-two seats were up for election in Wales as the general election occurred after the recently completed boundary review took effect. The Labour Party remained the largest party in Wales, gaining six seats for a total of 27. Both Plaid Cymru and the Liberal Democrats made gains, taking them to four seats and one seat respectively. The Conservatives lost all thirteen seats they had held previously, leaving the party without Westminster representation from Wales for the first time since 2005.

Clwyd East
Clwyd East (Welsh: Dwyrain Clwyd) is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament, first contested at the 2024 general election, following the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies. It is currently represented by Becky Gittins of the Labour Party.
September Mourning
September Mourning is an American alternative metal band that incorporates a transmedia dark culture project created by Emily Lazar and Marc Silvestri. The conceptual project was formed by frontwoman, vocalist, and screamer Emily Lazar in New York in 2009. The concept narrative created by Lazar and incorporated in the band and their performances, centers around the fictional story of a human-grim reaper hybrid named September, as she navigates the worlds of the living and the dead. The character's human-side possesses the empathy to give some human souls a second chance. The story is presented on different media platforms, including music, comic books, and live concerts. The comic books are published by Top Cow Productions Image Comics.

Screaming in music
Screaming is an extended vocal technique that is usually harsh, loud and aggressive. While a few other music genres have used screaming, it is especially popular in hardcore punk and extreme metal. Proper technique is required to scream safely, and some vocalists experience health issues due to improper screaming.
Bert Robertsson
Bert Erik Johan Robertsson (born June 30, 1974) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey defenceman and current assistant coach of Malmö Redhawks of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). Robertsson played in the system of Södertälje SK in Sweden and was selected by the Vancouver Canucks in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft. Moving to North America in 1995, Robertsson played parts of four seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Canucks, Edmonton Oilers, and New York Rangers between 1997 and 2001, while mainly playing in the minor American Hockey League, before returning to Europe in 2002 and finishing his career there.

Södertälje SK
Södertälje Sportklubb, also known as Södertälje SK and often referred to as SSK, is a Swedish professional ice hockey club playing in HockeyAllsvenskan, the second highest level of pro hockey in Sweden. Södertälje were charter members of Elitserien when the league was founded in 1975 and have since played 24 seasons in the league (1975–1978, 1980–1981, 1983–1992, 1996–1998, 2001–2006, 2007–2011). Södertälje SK's fan club is known as Supporterklubben
1988 Cameroonian general election
General elections were held in Cameroon on 24 April 1988 to elect a President and National Assembly. The country was a one-party state at the time, with the Cameroon People's Democratic Movement as the sole legal party. Its leader, incumbent Paul Biya was the only candidate in the presidential election, and was re-elected unopposed.

For the first time since 1960 voters had a choice of candidates in the National Assembly election, with two or more CPDM candidates contesting each constituency, and a total of 324 candidates running for the 180 seats in the enlarged Assembly. Nevertheless, the CPDM won all 180 seats with a 90.3% turnout.

Cameroon People's Democratic Movement
The Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (CPDM; French: Rassemblement démocratique du Peuple Camerounais, RDPC) is the ruling  political party in Cameroon. Previously known as the Cameroonian National Union, which had dominated Cameroon politics since independence in the 1960s, it was renamed in 1985. The national president of the CPDM is Paul Biya, the president of Cameroon, while the secretary-general of the party's Central Committee is Jean Nkuete.
Hollow fiber membrane
Hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) are a class of artificial membranes containing a semi-permeable barrier in the form of a hollow fiber. Originally developed in the 1960s for reverse osmosis applications, hollow fiber membranes have since become prevalent in water treatment, desalination, cell culture, medicine, and tissue engineering. Most commercial hollow fiber membranes are packed into cartridges which can be used for a variety of liquid and gaseous separations.

Polysulfone
Polysulfones are a family of high performance thermoplastics. These polymers are known for their toughness and stability at high temperatures. Technically used polysulfones contain an aryl-SO2-aryl subunit. Due to the high cost of raw materials and processing, polysulfones are used in specialty applications and often are a superior replacement for polycarbonates.

Three polysulfones are used industrially: polysulfone (PSU), polyethersulfone (PES/PESU) and polyphenylsulfone (PPSU). They can be used in the temperature range from -100 to +200 °C and are used for electrical equipment, in vehicle construction and medical technology. They are composed of para-linked aromatics, sulfonyl groups and ether groups and partly also alkyl groups. Polysulfones have outstanding resistance to heat and oxidation, hydrolysis resistance to aqueous and alkaline media and good electrical properties.
Ralph Johonnot
Ralph Helm Johonnot (1880–1940) was an American artist, designer, and arts educator, he is known for his educational series on color and interior decoration. He created paintings and prints, within the Arts and Crafts movement of still life and landscapes, as well as creating decorative work with his wife Salome Lavinia Johonnot (née Hopper, 1883–1962). Together with Salome, they traveled to give educational lectures on the arts and created two private art schools, the Ralph Johonnot Studio in Richmond, California and Johonnot Summer School of Design and Hand Work in Pacific Grove, California. He was active in the arts throughout the state of California from approximately 1912–1940.

Richmond, California
Richmond is a city in western Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city was incorporated on August 3, 1905, and has a city council. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area's East Bay region, Richmond borders San Pablo, Albany, El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond, Hasford Heights, Kensington, El Sobrante, Bayview-Montalvin Manor, Tara Hills, and East Richmond Heights, and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay.

Richmond is one of two cities, the other being San Rafael, that sits on the shores of both San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay. Its population was 116,448 as of the 2020 United States census making it the second largest city in the United States named Richmond after Richmond, Virginia.
Karl Champley
Karl Champley is an Australian master builder, television personality and actor. He has hosted Wasted Spaces on the American television network DIY Network. He has also presented DIY to the Rescue (2003) and DIY Inside: The Home Builder's Show (2005) on the same channel.

A tradesman, contractor and builder, Champley has been involved in the building trade since the 1980s. In his native Australia, he is a member of the Master Builders' Association of New South Wales. He is also a registered and certified Home Inspector in the United States.

Construction worker
A construction worker is a person employed in the physical construction of the built environment and its infrastructure. The term is used to cover a wide range of roles and tasks during all phases of a construction projects.
Holmes, California
40°25′06″N 123°56′26″W﻿ / ﻿40.41833°N 123.94056°W﻿ / 40.41833; -123.94056

Holmes (formerly Holmes Camp, and also known as Holmes Flat) is an unincorporated community in Humboldt County, California. It is located 2.25 miles (3.6 km) north of Redcrest, at an elevation of 154 feet (47 m).

A post office operated at Holmes from 1910 to 1965. Holmes was named for a lumber company executive.

Redcrest, California
Redcrest is a census-designated place in Humboldt County, California. It is located 5.5 miles (8.9 km) north of Weott, at an elevation of 377 feet (115 m). The population was 61 at the 2020 census.

The Redcrest post office was established in 1965.

The greater Redcrest area includes the Holmes flat, Englewood and Larabee areas.

Redcrest is located along the Avenue of the Giants. The ZIP Code is 95569. The community is inside area code 707.
Stupnytsia
Stupnytsia (Ukrainian: Ступниця, Polish: Stupnica) is a village (selo) in Drohobych Raion, Lviv Oblast, in south-west Ukraine. It belongs to Drohobych urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

The village was first mentioned in 1377.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Modjeska (confection)
A Modjeska is a confection consisting of marshmallow dipped in caramel. It was created in the 1880s in Louisville, Kentucky by confectioner Anton Busath to honor Shakespearean actress Helena Modjeska, who was performing there in the US debut production of Ibsen's A Doll's House. After Modjeska granted Busath permission to use her name for the candy, she sent him an autographed portrait, which he hung in his shop.  Other Louisville shops began to make versions of the candy, which continues to be popular in the region today; in particular, Bauer's Candies in Lawrenceburg, Kentucky renamed their own "caramel biscuit" the Modjeska in tribute to Busath after his family's store was destroyed by a fire. Muth's Candies and Dundee Candy in Louisville, and Schimpff's Confectionery in Jeffersonville, Indiana, in the Louisville metropolitan area, also sell the candy.

Lawrenceburg, Kentucky
Lawrenceburg is a home rule-class city in Anderson County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 11,728 at the 2020 census. It is the seat of its county. Lawrenceburg is part of the Frankfort, Kentucky, micropolitan statistical area.
2007 Alnwick District Council election
Elections to Alnwick District Council were held for the final time on 3 May 2007.  The whole council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control. The council was abolished in 2009 when Northumberland County Council became a unitary authority.

Unitary authority
A unitary authority is a type of local authority in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Unitary authorities are responsible for all local government functions within their areas, or perform additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by multiple tiers of local government.

Typically, unitary authorities cover towns or cities that are large enough to function independently of a council or other authority. An authority can be a unit of a county or combined authority.
Pancheti Koteswaram
Pancheti Koteswaram (25 March 1915 – 11 January 1997) was an Indian meteorologist, hydrologist, atmospheric physicist and the Director-General of Observatories of Government of India. He was a professor at University of Chicago, University of Hawaii, University of Miami and Tehran University and served as a research associate at National Hurricane Research Laboratory, Miami, and the National Centre for Atmospheric Research, Colorado. A former vice-president of World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Geneva, he was an elected Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy and the Andhra Pradesh Academy of Sciences. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1975, for his contributions to science.

Andhra University
Andhra University is a public university located in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. It was established in 1926 by the Andhra University Act, 1925 (Madras Act II of 1926). It is graded as an A++ institution by National Assessment and Accreditation Council, receiving a score of 3.74 on a scale of 4.
Wulfsberg
Wulfsberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gregers Winther Wulfsberg (1780–1846), Norwegian jurist and politician

Henriette Wulfsberg (1843–1906), Norwegian school owner and writer

Niels Wulfsberg (1775–1852), Norwegian priest, newspaper editor, and publisher

Gregers Winther Wulfsberg
Gregers Winther Wulfsberg (26 October 1780 – 23 September 1846) was a Norwegian jurist and politician, and a member of the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll that wrote the Constitution of Norway on 17 May 1814.