hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orca Seamount
Orca Seamount is a submarine volcano near King George Island in Antarctica, in the Bransfield Strait.  While it is inactive, the last volcanic activity at Orca Seamount is judged to have occurred in the recent past as there are temperature anomalies in the seawater around the seamount. Thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms have been found at the seamount.

The crater rim is about 3 km (1.9 mi) wide and about 500 m (1,600 ft) above the ocean floor.

The seamount was first named by Professor O. González-Ferrán of Chile in 1987, after the orca (killer whale) often sighted in these waters. It was mapped and studied by the ship RV Polarstern during an Antarctic cruise (number ANT-XI/3) in 2005. The variant name of Viehoff Seamount (approved in 6/95 ACUF 263) was named for Dr. Thomas Viehoff, a remote sensing specialist in marine sciences. Name proposed by Dr. G.B. Udintsev, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry (VIG).

Submarine volcano
Water vapor cloud

Water

Stratum

Lava flow

Magma conduit

Magma chamber

Dike

Pillow lava

Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents or fissures in the Earth's surface from which magma can erupt. Many submarine volcanoes are located near areas of tectonic plate formation, known as mid-ocean ridges. The volcanoes at mid-ocean ridges alone are estimated to account for 75% of the magma output on Earth. Although most submarine volcanoes are located in the depths of seas and oceans, some also exist in shallow water, and these can discharge material into the atmosphere during an eruption. The total number of submarine volcanoes is estimated to be over one million (most are now extinct) of which some 75,000 rise more than 1 kilometre (0.62 miles) above the seabed. Only 119 submarine volcanoes in Earth's oceans and seas are known to have erupted during the last 11,700 years.

Hydrothermal vents, sites of abundant biological activity, are commonly found near submarine volcanoes.
Anthericum ramosum
Anthericum ramosum, known as branched St Bernard's-lily, is a herbaceous perennial plant with a rhizome. The genus Anthericum is currently placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. It was formerly placed in its own family, Anthericaceae, and before that in the Liliaceae.

Asparagaceae
Asparagaceae (/əsˌpærəˈɡeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/), known as the asparagus family, is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots. The family name is based on the edible garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis.  This family includes both common garden plants as well as common houseplants.  The garden plants include asparagus, yucca, bluebell, lily of the valley, and hosta, and the houseplants include snake plant, corn cane, spider plant, and plumosus fern.

The Asparagaceae is a morphologically heterogenous family with the included species varying widely in their appearance and growth form. It has a cosmopolitan distribution, with genera and species contained in the family native to all continents except Antarctica.
Red Barbarian
The Red Barbarian is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is depicted as a villain and the alter ego of Colonel Andre Rostov. First appearing in Tales of Suspense #42 (June, 1963), the Red Barbarian was created by Stan Lee, Robert Bernstein and Don Heck.

Robert Bernstein (comics)
Robert Bernstein (May 23, 1919 – December 19, 1988), sometimes credited as R. Berns, was an American comic book writer, playwright and concert impresario, notable as the founder of the Island Concert Hall recital series which ran for 15 years on Long Island.
Wiluna railway line
The Meekatharra to Wiluna railway (often referred to as the Wiluna railway) was a 113-mile (182 km) branch line of the Western Australian Government Railways that extended the Mullewa – Meekatharra railway from Meekatharra to Wiluna and operated between 1932 and 1957. Wiluna was the furthest rail terminus from Perth on the Western Australian Government Railways system. Paroo was the highest station, at 1,916 feet (584 m) above sea level; the highest point on the Western Australian railway network, west of Paroo, was 2,134 feet (650 m).

Western Australian Government Railways
Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) was the state owned operator of railways in the state of Western Australia between October 1890 and June 2003. Owned by the state government, it was renamed a number of times to reflect extra responsibility for tram and ferry operations that it assumed and later relinquished. Westrail was the trading name of the WAGR from September 1975 until December 2000, when the WAGR's freight division and the Westrail brand were privatised. Its remaining passenger operations were transferred to the Public Transport Authority in July 2003.
Djupeskardnosi
Djupeskardnosi is a mountain in Ål municipality in Buskerud, Norway. It has an altitude of 1,711 meters above sea level and is the 699th highest mountain in Norway with prominence of at least 50 meters.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
NOREM
NOREM is a hardfacing material developed by the Electric Power Research Institute to deal with radiation safety issues associated with the use of cobalt alloys in nuclear power station coolant systems (see stellite for a discussion of the problem). It is a solid-solution strengthened austenitic matrix with a continuous network of eutectic and non-eutectic carbides at the grain boundaries. It is intended to be deposited by various welding processes.

Austenite
Austenite, also known as gamma-phase iron (γ-Fe), is a metallic, non-magnetic allotrope of iron or a solid solution of iron with an alloying element. In plain-carbon steel, austenite exists above the critical eutectoid temperature of 1000 K (727 °C); other alloys of steel have different eutectoid temperatures. The austenite allotrope is named after Sir William Chandler Roberts-Austen (1843–1902). It exists at room temperature in some stainless steels due to the presence of nickel stabilizing the austenite at lower temperatures.
Lindsay Pryor
Lindsay Dixon Pryor AO (26 October 1915 – 17 August 1998) was an Australian botanist noted for his work on Eucalyptus taxonomy and his role in the landscape design of Canberra, including the foundation of the Australian National Botanic Gardens.

Australian National Botanic Gardens
The Australian National Botanic Gardens (ANBG) is a heritage-listed botanical garden located in Acton, Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Established in 1949, the Gardens is administered by the Australian Government's Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. The botanic gardens was added to the Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004.

The botanic gardens is the largest living collection of native Australian flora. The mission of the ANBG is to "study and promote Australia's flora". The gardens maintains a wide variety of botanical resources for researchers and cultivates native plants threatened in the wild. The  herbarium code for the Australian National Botanic Gardens is CANB.
Dalmasula
Dalmasula is a genus of goblin spiders containing five species occurring in Namibia and South Africa.

Males range from 1.7–2.8 mm in length, females 2.2–3.1 mm. The cephalothorax is orange or yellow, and the abdomen is white.

Opisthosoma
The opisthosoma is the posterior part of the body in some arthropods, behind the prosoma (cephalothorax). It is a distinctive feature of the subphylum Chelicerata (arachnids, horseshoe crabs and others). It is similar in most respects to an abdomen (and is often referred to as such).
1997 Wimbledon Championships – Women's doubles
Martina Hingis and Helena Suková were the defending champions but decided not to play together. Hingis teamed up with Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and lost in quarterfinals to Nicole Arendt and Manon Bollegraf, and Suková teamed with Larisa Neiland and lost in semifinals against the same pair.

Gigi Fernández and Natasha Zvereva defeated Arendt and Bollegraf in the final, 7–6(7–4), 6–4 to win the ladies' doubles tennis title at the 1997 Wimbledon Championships. It was the 4th Wimbledon title, 17th Grand Slam and 69th overall title for Fernández and the 5th Wimbledon title, 18th Grand Slam and 67th overall title for Zvereva, in their respective doubles careers.

Arantxa Sánchez Vicario
Aránzazu Isabel María "Arantxa" Sánchez Vicario (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾanθaθw isaˈβel maˈɾi.a aˈɾantʃa ˈsantʃeθ βiˈkaɾjo]; born 18 December 1971) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 12 weeks, as well as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 111 weeks. A defensive baseliner, Sánchez Vicario won 29 WTA Tour-level singles titles and 69 doubles titles, including 14 major titles: four in singles, six in women's doubles, and four in mixed doubles. She also won four Olympic medals and five Fed Cup titles representing Spain. In 1994, Sánchez Vicario was crowned the ITF World Champion of the year.
Portrait of Doña Antonia Zárate (1810–1811)
The Portrait of Doña Antonia Zárate is an 1810–1811 painting of the actress Antonia Zárate by Francisco Goya or his studio. It is now in the Hermitage Museum, and if it is an autograph work, it is the only painting by Goya in a Russian collection.

It seems to have been commissioned by the subject's son Antonio Gil y Zárate in 1811 after her death and probably forms a reworking of Goya's earlier larger 1805 portrait of her. It remained in Spain until 1900, when it was sold in New York City. It passed through various dealers and owners before being acquired by the Knoedler Gallery for $60,000 from an heir of Marshall Field, a department-store magnate in Chicago. That gallery was owned by Armand Hammer, who then used a Liechtenstein front to sell it to his own Armand Hammer Foundation for $160,000. In 1972, Hammer donated it to the Hermitage, claiming it was worth $1,000,000.

Marshall Field
Marshall Field (August 18, 1834 – January 16, 1906) was an American entrepreneur and the founder of Marshall Field and Company, the Chicago-based department stores.  His business was renowned for its exceptional level of quality and customer service.

Field is also known for some of his philanthropic donations, providing funding for the Field Museum of Natural History and donating land for the campus of the University of Chicago.
Ahmed Bahja
Ahmed Bahja (Arabic: أحمد البهجة; born 21 December 1970) is a Moroccan retired footballer. He played for several clubs, including KAC Marrakech, Raja CA. and Dubai's Al Wasl F.C.. In addition, he played for Al Nassr, Al-Ittihad, Al-Hilal in Saudi Arabia and Al-Gharafa in Qatar 2 loane spells 1996 & 1998 for Qatar Emir Cup.

Bahja played for the Morocco national football team and was a participant at the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 1994 FIFA World Cup.

Al-Gharafa SC
Al-Gharafa Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الغرافة الرياضي) is a Qatari multi-sports club based in the Al Gharrafa district of Al Rayyan municipality. The club is best known for its football team, although it also has teams for other sports. The club was established on 6 June 1979 as Al-Ittihad and later officially incorporated into the Qatar Football Association on 23 September of that same year. The club was officially renamed to its current form in 2004 to better represent the district of Al-Gharafa, where the club is located.

The club was founded by Sheikh Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani, Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim Al Thani, Sheikh Hamad bin Faisal Al Thani, Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani and Saad Mohammed Al-Rumaihi. In a documentary produced by Al Kass sports channel about the history of the club, Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim mentioned that the idea was initially suggested by Saad Al-Rumaihi who was working as a sports journalist at the Al Raya newspaper.
Mount Margaret (Skamania County, Washington)
Mount Margaret is a  5,850-ft (1,780 m) mountain summit located in Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, in the Gifford Pinchot National Forest, in Skamania County of southwest Washington state. It is situated in the Cascade Range, 2 mi (3.2 km) north of Spirit Lake, and 2.4 mi (3.9 km) northeast of Coldwater Peak. Its nearest higher neighbor is Mount Whittier, 0.93 mi (1.50 km) to the north, and Mount St. Helens rises 8 mi (13 km) to the south. Precipitation runoff from Mount Margaret drains into Coldwater Creek, a tributary of the North Fork Toutle River. A hiking trail provides access to this mountain. This peak was named some time before 1900 by an admiring prospector for Margaret "Maggie" Shultz Layton (1877-1965), a pioneering resident of Toledo, Washington.

Toledo, Washington
Toledo is a city in Lewis County, Washington, United States. The community is situated on the Cowlitz River.

Named after a paddle steamer, Toledo began out of pioneer settlement, the Cowlitz Farm, and the beginnings of several ports known as Plomondon's Landing, Warbassport, and Cowlitz Landing. The community incorporated in 1892.

Toledo is home to an annual Cheese Days festival that celebrates the town's dairy history and the New Year's Eve Giant Cheese Ball Drop. In addition to nearby Gospodor Monument Park and Saint Francis Xavier Mission, several small parks and Ed Carlson Memorial Field are located in the city.
2,3-Dimethylpentane
2,3-Dimethylpentane is an organic compound of carbon and hydrogen with formula C7H16, more precisely CH3–CH(CH3)–CH(CH3)–CH2–CH3: a molecule of pentane with methyl groups –CH3 replacing hydrogen atoms on carbon atoms 2 and 3. It is an alkane ("paraffin" in older nomenclature), a fully saturated hydrocarbon; specifically, one of the isomers of heptane.

Like typical alkanes, it is a colorless flammable compound; under common ambient conditions, it is a  mobile liquid, less dense than water.

2,3-Dimethylpentane is notable for being one of the two simplest alkanes with optical (enantiomeric) isomerism. The optical center is the middle carbon of the pentane backbone, which is connected to one hydrogen atom, one methyl group, one ethyl group –C2H5, and one isopropyl group –CH(CH3)2. The two enantiomers are denoted (3R)-2,3-dimethylpentane and (3S)-2,3-dimethylpentane (the other simplest chiral alkane is its structural isomer 3-methylhexane).

Saturated and unsaturated compounds
A saturated compound is a chemical compound (or ion) that resists addition reactions, such as hydrogenation, oxidative addition, and the binding of a Lewis base. The term is used in many contexts and classes of chemical compounds.  Overall, saturated compounds are less reactive than unsaturated compounds. Saturation is derived from the Latin word saturare, meaning 'to fill'. An unsaturated compound is also a chemical compound (or ion) that attracts reduction reactions, such as dehydrogenation and oxidative reduction.
St Peter Rural
St Peter Rural was a civil parish in Hertfordshire, England from 1894 to 1947. The local council was St Peter Rural Parish Council.

It was created under the Local Government Act 1894 from the part of the ancient parish of St Peter which was outside the Municipal Borough of St Albans.

It was gradually reduced in size over the years. In 1913 992 acres were transferred to St Albans. In 1935 a further 436 acres were transferred as part of a county review order and 923 acres went to Bishops Hatfield. As part of the review 186 acres were gained from North Mimms, 67 acres from Ridge and 325 acres from Shenley.

The population in 1901 was 3,568 and in 1931 it was 7,908.

It was abolished in 1947, being split between the new parishes of Colney Heath and London Colney.

Shenley
Shenley is a village and civil parish in Hertfordshire, England, between Barnet and St Albans. The village is located 14 miles from Central London. As of 2021, the population of the parish was 5,390; however, the parish stretches far beyond the village itself; it is the largest parish in Hertsmere and is very rural, including hamlets and farming settlements such as Dancers Hill, Green Street, Kitts End, Ridge, Saffron Green, Shenleybury, and the largest other settlement, South Mimms.
Wendlebury Meads and Mansmoor Closes
Wendlebury Meads and Mansmoor Closes is a 73.2-hectare (181-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest south of Wendlebury in Oxfordshire.

Wendlebury Meads consists of several meadows which have been traditionally managed, and have complex and varied flora. Calcareous pastures were common in southern England at the beginning of the twentieth century, and these meadows are among the few have survived agricultural improvements. Almost all show evidence of medieval ridge and furrow ploughing. Mansmoor Closes were enclosed very early, before 1622, and are important from both a landscape and archaeological point of view. More than 160 plant species have been recorded, including 11 of dandelion. There are birds such as snipe and curlew, and many common butterflies.

The site is private land, but it is crossed by a public footpath between Charlton-on-Otmoor and Wendlebury.

Calcareous grassland
Calcareous grassland (or alkaline grassland) is an ecosystem associated with thin basic soil, such as that on chalk and limestone downland.

There are large areas of calcareous grassland in northwestern Europe, particularly areas of southern England, such as Salisbury Plain and the North and South Downs.

The machair forms a different kind of calcareous grassland, where fertile low-lying plains are formed on ground that is calcium-rich due to shell sand (pulverised sea shells).
Emil Tahirovič
Emil Tahirovič (born December 30, 1979, near Ivančna Gorica, Yugoslavia) is an Olympic breaststroke swimmer from Slovenia. He swam for Slovenia at the  2004 Olympics.

He swam for Slovenia at:

Olympics: 2004

Mediterranean Games: 2005, 2009

World Championships: 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009

European Championships: 2004

European SC Championships: 1998, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2010

2004 European Short Course Swimming Championships
The 8th European Short Course Swimming Championships was an international swimming meet organized by LEN, and held in Vienna, Austria, December 9–12, 2004. The meet featured teams from Europe, swimming in 38 short course events. It was held in Vienna's arena (Wiener Stadthalle), in a temporary pool.
MV Grace Darling (1919)
MV Grace Darling was a ferry that operated on Okanagan Lake in British Columbia, Canada. She was an early internal combustion-driven boat run by the Canadian Pacific Railway company in 1919 and was used to move building stone from the granite quarry on the lake shore south of Vernon, British Columbia. Grace Darling was Vernon Granite's first power boat and was purchased from Mrs. Oswald Pease from Ewing's Landing in 1919. She was one of the first internal combustion engine-powered boats on the lake and greatly facilitated the transport of stone barges from the quarry. Grace Darling was replaced by SS Tum Tum and a second MV Grace Darling after retirement.

Vernon, British Columbia
Vernon is a city in British Columbia, Canada. It is 440 km (270 mi) northeast of Vancouver. Named after Forbes George Vernon, a former MLA of British Columbia who helped establish the Coldstream Ranch in nearby Coldstream, Vernon was incorporated in 1892. Vernon has a population of 44,519 (2021), while its metropolitan region, Greater Vernon, has a population of 67,086 as of the 2021 Canadian census. With this population, Vernon is the largest city in the North Okanagan Regional District. A resident of Vernon is called a "Vernonite."
Sri Gading
Sri Gading or Seri Gading  is a mukim and parliamentary constituency in Batu Pahat District, Johor, Malaysia, located along Jalan Batu Pahat-Kluang (Federal Route 50). It lies south-east of Batu Pahat town, north-west of Ayer Hitam and west of Yong Peng. It is also a name of one of 14 parishes in Johor.

Mukim
A mukim is a type of administrative division used in Brunei, the Indonesian province of Aceh (see Mukim (Aceh)), Malaysia and Singapore. The word mukim is a loanword in English. However, it was also originally a loanword in Malay from the Arabic word: مقيم (meaning resident). The closest English translation for mukim is township.
John Eyre (Canadian politician)
John Eyre (June 1824 – May 13, 1882) was an Ontario lawyer and political figure. He represented Northumberland East in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal from 1867 to 1871.

He was born in Launceston, Cornwall, United Kingdom in 1824 and came to Cobourg with his family in 1832. He was admitted to practice as an attorney in 1851. He settled at Brighton in 1853 and married Calista Stevens, granddaughter of bishop John Reynolds, in 1856. Eyre was defeated in the 1871 election for the same seat by William Wilson Webb. He was one of the original shareholders of the Brighton Wharf Company.

Eyre's former residence in Brighton is known as the White House. King Edward VII was a guest there.

Cobourg
Cobourg (/ˈkoʊbɜːrɡ/ KOH-burg) is a town in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in Southern Ontario 95 km (59 mi) east of Toronto and 62 km (39 mi) east of Oshawa. It is the largest town in and seat of Northumberland County. Its nearest neighbour is Port Hope, 7 km (4 mi) to the west. It is located along Highway 401 (exits 472 and 474) and the former Highway 2 (now Northumberland County Road 2). To the south, Cobourg borders Lake Ontario. To the north, east and west, it is surrounded by Hamilton Township.
Schnitger
Schnitger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arp Schnitger (1648–1719), German pipe organ builder

Hans Schnitger (1915–2013), Dutch field hockey player

Lara Schnitger (born 1969), Dutch-American sculptor

Hans Schnitger
Henri Carel Willem "Hans" Schnitger (August 5, 1915 – March 1, 2013) was a Dutch field hockey player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. Schnitger was a member of the Dutch field hockey team, which won the bronze medal. He played all five matches as forward. He was born in Enschede, where he lived until his death.
Ayhan Barut
Ayhan Barut is a Turkish businessman and politician who has served as a member of Parliament (MP) in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey since 2018. Barut was first elected as an MP for Eskişehir in the 2018 Turkish general election, representing the Republican People's Party (CHP). He was re-elected for a second term in the 2023 Turkish general election.

Barut is a graduate of Anadolu University.

2018 Turkish general election
General elections were held in Turkey on 24 June 2018. Presidential elections were held to elect the President of Turkey using a two-round system. Parliamentary elections took place to elect 600 Members of Parliament to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.

The elections had originally been scheduled for 3 November 2019, until the Erdoğan government called for early elections on 18 April 2018.
Psych season 7
The seventh season of Psych, containing 14 episodes, premiered on the USA Network in the United States on February 27, 2013. The primary run ended on May 29, 2013, but a television special, Psych: The Musical aired later in the year. James Roday, Dulé Hill, Timothy Omundson, Maggie Lawson, Corbin Bernsen, and Kirsten Nelson all reprised their roles as the main characters in the series.

Timothy Omundson
Timothy Michael Omundson (born July 29, 1969) is an American actor. He is notable for his supporting roles as Sean Potter on the CBS television series Judging Amy, Eli on the syndicated series Xena: Warrior Princess, Carlton Lassiter in Psych, King Richard on the ABC musical comedy series Galavant, and Cain in The CW's Supernatural.