hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1824 United States presidential election in Georgia
The 1824 United States presidential election in Georgia took place on November 1, 1824, as part of the 1824 United States presidential election. The Georgia General Assembly chose 9 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.

During this time, political divisions in the state fell along the lines of personal support for outstanding leaders in their struggle for power. Many of these factions were usually held together through personal friendships and family associations. The two factions at the time were the Clark faction, followers of Ex-Governor John Clark, and the Crawford faction, followers of Secretary of the Treasury William H. Crawford.

As both houses of the assembly were controlled by the Crawford party, their slate won by a margin of 121 to 45 against the Clark party which nominated Andrew Jackson.

John Clark (Georgia governor)
John Clark (sometimes spelled Clarke) (February 28, 1766 – October 12, 1832) was an American planter, politician, and slaveholder. He was the 31st Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia, from 1819 to 1823. As governor, he prevailed in the U.S. Supreme Court case Ex parte Madrazzo, a dispute over whether a claim of ownership of a group of enslaved people could be enforced against the state. He also advocated for presidential electors to be elected by popular vote as seen in many of his bills, culminating in the 1824 Georgia Popular Vote Referendum.
Composite monitor
A composite monitor or composite video monitor is any analog video display that receives input in the form of an analog composite video signal to a defined specification. A composite video signal encodes all information on a single conductor; a composite cable has a single live conductor plus earth. Other equipment with display functionality includes monitors with more advanced interfaces and connectors giving a better picture, including analog VGA, and digital DVI, HDMI, and DisplayPort; and television (TV) receivers which are self-contained, receiving and displaying video RF broadcasts received with an internal  tuner. Video monitors are used for displaying computer output, closed-circuit television (e.g. security cameras) and other applications requiring a two-dimensional monochrome or colour image.

Radio frequency
Radio frequency (RF) is the oscillation rate of an alternating electric current or voltage or of a magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in the frequency range from around 20 kHz to around 300 GHz. These are the frequencies at which energy from an oscillating current can radiate off a conductor into space as radio waves, so they are used in radio technology, among other uses.  Different sources specify different upper and lower bounds for the frequency range.
98 Rock
There are several radio stations with the branding of 98 Rock:

KRXQ in Sacramento, California

WIYY in Baltimore, Maryland

WXTB in Tampa, Florida

KTAL-FM in Shreveport, Louisiana (98 Rocks)

WACL in Elkton, Virginia

Actual Rocks:

The 98 Rock - A stone on Wake Island marked after a massacre of 98 American POWs by the Japanese

KTAL-FM
KTAL-FM (98.1 MHz, "98 Rocks") is an American radio station licensed to Texarkana, Texas, The station is broadcasting a classic rock format. The station serves the Shreveport–Bossier City metropolitan area. KTAL-FM is owned by Connoisseur Media, through licensee Alpha Media Licensee LLC. Its studios are located just north of downtown Shreveport, and the transmitter is in Vivian, Louisiana.

The station is a former sister station of KCMC and KTAL-TV, all of which were owned for many years by WEHCO Media until the company sold its broadcasting assets.
Monday's Warriors
Monday's Warriors is a 1990 historical novel by New Zealand author Maurice Shadbolt. It is part two of his New Zealand Wars trilogy.

Set in mid-nineteenth century New Zealand, the story is a semi-fictionalized account of Titokowaru's War, told from the perspective of Kimball Bent.  Bent was an historical individual born in the United States, but had enlisted in the British army, where he was eventually posted to the Taranaki region of colonial New Zealand.  Bent deserted and joined up with a local Māori chief of the Ngā Ruahine iwi, where he became accepted as a member of the local tribe.  In 1867, Bent joined other Ngāti Ruanui led by Tītokowaru in their war against the colonists in Taranaki.

Army
An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch, or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army.
Butch Davis (outfielder, born 1916)
Robert Lomax "Butch" Davis (May 4, 1916 – November 28, 1988) was an American baseball left fielder in the Negro leagues. He played for the Atlanta Black Crackers in 1944 and the Baltimore Elite Giants in 1947 and 1949. He also played in Minor League Baseball until 1955.

Atlanta Black Crackers
The Atlanta Black Crackers (originally known as the Atlanta Cubs and later briefly the Indianapolis ABCs) were a professional Negro league baseball team which played during the early to mid-20th century. They were primarily a minor Negro league team; however in the brief period they played as a major Negro league team, they won the second half pennant of the Negro American League in 1938 but lost the play-off for the overall season title.
Tea in the United Kingdom
Since the 17th century the United Kingdom has been one of the world's largest consumers of tea, with an average annual per capita supply of 1.9 kilograms (4.2 lb). Originally an upper-class drink in Europe, tea gradually spread through all classes, eventually becoming common. It is still considered an important part of the British identity and is a prominent feature of British culture and society.

In Northern Ireland and in the rest of the United Kingdom tea drinking blends and preferences vary. Although typically served with milk, it is also common to drink certain varieties black or with lemon. Sugar is a popular addition to any variety. Everyday tea, such as English breakfast tea, served in a mug with milk and sugar is a popular combination. Sandwiches, crumpets, scones, cake, or biscuits often accompany tea, which gave rise to the prominent British custom of dunking a biscuit into tea.

Green tea
Green tea is a type of tea made from the leaves and buds of the Camellia sinensis that have not undergone the withering and oxidation process that creates oolong teas and black teas. Green tea originated in China in the late 1st millennium BC, and since then its production and manufacture has spread to other countries in East Asia.

Several varieties of green tea exist, which differ substantially based on the variety of C. sinensis used, growing conditions, horticultural methods, production processing, and time of harvest. While it may slightly lower blood pressure and improve alertness, current scientific evidence does not support most health benefit claims, and excessive intake of green tea extracts can cause liver damage and other side effects.
Aiki-ken
Aiki-ken (Kanji: 合気剣 Hiragana: あいきけん) is the name given specifically to the set of Japanese sword techniques practiced according to the principles of aikido, taught first by Morihei Ueshiba (aikido's founder), then further developed by Morihiro Saito, one of Ueshiba's most prominent students. Currently, Iwama Shin-Shin Aiki Shuren-kai is the main proponent organization.

Japanese sword
A Japanese sword (Japanese: 日本刀, Hepburn: nihontō) is one of several types of traditionally made swords from Japan. Bronze swords were made as early as the Yayoi period (1,000 BC – 300 AD), though most people generally refer to the curved blades made from the Heian period (794–1185) to the present day when speaking of "Japanese swords". There are many types of Japanese swords that differ by size, shape, field of application, and method of manufacture. Some of the more commonly known types of Japanese swords are the katana, tachi, ōdachi, wakizashi, and tantō.
Krishnapatnam railway station
Krishnapatnam railway station (station code:KAPT), is an Indian Railways station in Krishnapatnam of Nellore district in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a non-coaching traffic handling station and is mainly utilized for freight transport from Krishnapatnam Port. It is situated on Obulavaripalle–Krishnapatnam section of Vijayawada railway division of South Coast Railway zone.

Krishnapatnam Port
14°15′N 80°08′E﻿ / ﻿14.250°N 80.133°E﻿ / 14.250; 80.133

Krishnapatnam Port popularly known as KPCL is a privately built and owned all weather, deep water port on the east coast of India, located in the Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh. It is located about 190 km north of the Chennai Port and 18 km east of the city of Nellore. The port was owned and operated by the Krishnapatnam Port Company Limited (KPCL) which was 92% owned by Hyderabad-based CVR Group. The London-based equity firm 3i owned the remaining 8% equity in KPCL.

In October 2020, Adani Ports & SEZ acquired 75% stake in the port, which increased to 100% in April 2021 with Adani Group buying the residual 25% stake.
Peugeot Type 174
The Peugeot Type 174, also known at the time and normally advertised simply according to its fiscal horse power as the Peugeot 18HP, was a large, powerful sedan made by Peugeot from 1923 to 1926. The Type 174 S was made until 1926. The engine displaced 3828 cc, large and low-revving for a four-cylinder engine, and produced a considerable 85 horsepower at 1900 rpm. The sport version sold 208 examples compared to 810 for the standard version.

In October 1924 at the 19th Paris Motor Show the price quoted by the manufacturer for a Peugeot Type 174 in bare chassis form was 54,000 francs.   The sport version was priced in bare chassis form at 56,000 francs.

Tax horsepower
The fiscal / taxable horsepower or just tax horsepower was an early system to calculate road taxation rates for automobiles in a number of key Western European countries such as the UK, Germany, France, Belgium and Italy. Some U.S. states like Illinois also charged license plate purchase and renewal fees for passenger automobiles, based on taxable horsepower. The tax horsepower rating was typically computed not from actual engine power but by mathematical formulae based on cylinder dimensions etc, and varying per country. In the early twentieth century, fiscal power was reasonably close to real power – but as the internal combustion engine developed, real power output outpaced nominal taxable power by a factor of up to ten or more.
Ford Rhein
The Ford Rhein (type G398TS) is a truck model that Ford Germany manufactured together with its smaller sister model Ford Ruhr between 1948 and 1951.

The new truck came as the successor to the Ford V8-51 and offered only a few changes to it such as larger headlights. It had a V8 gasoline engine with 3924 cc displacement, which initially produced 90 PS (66 kW) and was increased by 5 PS to 95 PS (70 kW) from 1949. The engine power was passed on to the rear wheels via a four or five-speed gearbox. An all-wheel drive system by Marmon-Herrington was also available on request. After a thorough modernization in 1951, the Rhein/Ruhr range was renamed Ford FK, followed by a four-digit code indicating its weight rating.

Ford Germany
Ford-Werke GmbH is a German-based car manufacturing company headquartered in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia. It is a fully owned subsidiary of American Ford Motor Company. It operates two large manufacturing facilities in Germany, a plant in Cologne and a plant in Saarlouis, and serves as a major hub for Ford's presence in the European markets.
Stefan Erdélyi
Ștefan (Stefan, Stepan) Erdélyi (17 November 1905, in Temesvár (now Timișoara) – 26 October 1968, in Reșița) was a Hungarian–Romanian chess master.

Born in Temesvár (then Austria-Hungary), he lived in Romania after World War I. He took 4th at Bucharest 1925 (Alexandru Tyroler won), shared 1st with János Balogh at Cernăuți (Chernivtsi) 1930 (Romanian Chess Championship, the title went to his co-winner). Erdélyi was thrice Romanian Champion (1931, 1934, and 1949).

He twice played for Romania in Chess Olympiads at Prague 1931 and Warsaw 1935.

Erdélyi tied for 5-6th at Budapest 1934 (Maróczy Jubilee, Erich Eliskases won), tied for 4-5th at Klosterneuburg 1934 (Karl Gilg and Hans Müller won), and tied for 15-16th at Trenčianske Teplice 1949 (Gideon Ståhlberg won).

He was awarded the International Master title in 1950.

Romanian Chess Championship
The Romanian Chess Championship became a yearly event in 1946, and was held irregularly earlier. A series of national eliminating contests are played to select a 20-player field for the men's final. The women's final consists of 16 players.
Alive! (Kiss album)
Alive! is the fourth album overall, and the first live album, by American hard rock band Kiss, released on September 10, 1975. It is considered to be their breakthrough, and a landmark for live albums. The double-album contains live versions of selected tracks from their first three studio albums, Kiss, Hotter Than Hell and Dressed to Kill. It was recorded at concerts in Detroit, Michigan; Cleveland, Ohio; Wildwood, New Jersey; and Davenport, Iowa on May 16, June 21, July 20 and 23, 1975.

The album's title was an homage to the 1972 live album Slade Alive! by the English rock group Slade, a band that heavily influenced Kiss.

Peter Criss
George Peter John Criscuola (born December 20, 1945), better known by his stage name Peter Criss, is an American musician, best known as a co-founder, original drummer, and a vocalist of the hard rock band Kiss. Criss established the Catman character for his Kiss persona. In 2014 he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Kiss.
Matthew P. Anderson
Matthew P. Anderson is a retired United States Air Force colonel, aerospace executive, and the Chief Growth Officer of the Space Force Association. On May 6, 2025, he was nominated by President Donald Trump to serve as the Deputy Administrator of NASA, pending confirmation by the United States Senate.

Deputy Administrator of NASA
The deputy administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the second-highest-ranking official of NASA, the national space agency of the United States. Administrator of NASA is NASA's chief decision maker, responsible for providing clarity to the agency's vision and serving as a source of internal leadership within NASA. The office holder also has an important place within United States space policy.
Vladimir Picheta
Vladimir Ivanovich Picheta (Russian: Владимир Иванович Пичета; Belarusian: Уладзімір Іванавіч Пічэта; 21 October 1878, Poltava – 23 June 1947, Moscow) was a Belarusian and Soviet historian, first rector of the Belarusian State University (July 1921 - October 1929), academician of the Academy of Sciences of the BSSR since 1928, Honorary Professor of the BSSR (1926), Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union since 1939, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union since 1946.

National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
The   National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (NASB; Belarusian: Нацыянальная акадэмія навук Беларусі, romanized: Nacyjanalnaja akademija navuk Biełarusi; Russian: Национальная академия наук Беларуси, romanized: Natsional'naya akademiya nauk Belarusi, НАН Беларуси, NAN Belarusi, НАНБ, NANB) is the national academy of Belarus.
Stompin' Grounds
Stompin' Grounds is the fourth studio album released by the American country rock/southern rock band The Kentucky Headhunters. It was the first album to feature Doug Phelps on lead vocals. He had rejoined the band after leaving Brother Phelps, a duo founded by him and his brother Ricky Lee, who was originally their lead vocalist. The only single from it was a cover of Guy Mitchell's "Singin' the Blues".

Southern rock
Southern rock is a subgenre of rock music and a genre of Americana. It developed in the Southern United States from rock and roll, country and blues, and is focused generally on electric guitars and vocals.
Crusade of Barbastro
The crusade of Barbastro (also known as the siege of Barbastro or battle of Barbastro) was an international expedition, sanctioned by Pope Alexander II, to take the Spanish city of Barbastro, then part of the Hudid Emirate of Lārida. A large army composed of elements from all over Western Europe took part in the siege and conquest of the city (1064). The nature of the expedition, famously described by Ramón Menéndez Pidal as "a crusade before the crusades", is discussed in historiography, and the crusading element of the campaign is still a moot point.

Ramón Menéndez Pidal
Ramón Menéndez Pidal (Spanish pronunciation: [raˈmom meˈnendeθ piˈðal]; 13 March 1869 – 14 November 1968) was a Spanish philologist and historian. He worked extensively on the history of the Spanish language and Spanish folklore and folk poetry. One of his main topics was the history and legend of El Cid. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in 26 separate years, the most nominations of any other person.
Wild Thing (Tone Lōc song)
"Wild Thing" is a single by American rapper Tone Lōc from his 1989 album Lōc-ed After Dark.  The title is a reference to the phrase "doin' the wild thing," a euphemism for sex. According to producer Mario Caldato Jr., who engineered and mixed the song, producer Michael Ross was inspired by an utterance of Fab 5 Freddy "Come on baby let's do the wild thing" in Spike Lee's She's Gotta Have It, and asked Young MC to write the lyrics.

"Wild Thing" peaked at number two on the US Billboard Hot 100 in February 1989 and reached number one in New Zealand for two weeks in April. It eventually sold over two million copies in the United States, receiving a double-platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The song inspired at least two parodies (the Gilligan's Island-themed "Isle Thing" by "Weird Al" Yankovic, which was Yankovic's first rap parody; and "Child King" by Christian band ApologetiX).

Euphemism
contraceptives

menstrual pads and tampons

adult diapers

A euphemism is the substitution of a potentially offensive or unpleasant word or expression with one that is more pleasant or inoffensive. Some euphemisms are humorous, while others use mild or neutral language to downplay certain concepts. They can often be used to soften profanity or discuss sensitive or taboo topics, such as disability, sex, bodily functions, pain, violence, illness, or death, in a more polite manner.
Jenna McCorkell
Jenna McCorkell (born 15 September 1986) is a former figure skater from Northern Ireland. She is an eleven-time British national champion (2003–05; 2007–14) and won seven senior international medals, including gold at the Ondrej Nepela Memorial and Ice Challenge. She placed as high as eighth at the European Championships (2008) and 14th at the World Championships (2010, 2012), and competed at two Winter Olympics (2010, 2014).

Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics was held at the Pacific Coliseum in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The events took place between 14 and 27 February 2010.

Shen Xue and Zhao Hongbo (CHN) won the gold medal in the pairs skating. This was the first time since 1960 that a Russian, Soviet, or Unified Team (CIS) flagged team did not win the gold medal.
Lecania madida
Lecania madida is a species of saxicolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. It occurs in the Pacific Northwest region of Canada and the United States, where it grows in moist habitats.

The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2008 by Rikke Reese Næsborg and Curtis Björk. The type specimen was collected from Wells Gray Provincial Park in British Columbia, where it was found in a swamp  growing on a hardwood root buttress of Populus trichocarpa. The species epithet madida is derived from the word madidus, meaning "moist" or "wet", and refers to the lichen's habitat.

Lecania leprosa has been recorded from humid habitats of British Columbia and western Montana, but the authors speculate that it probably also occurs in the US states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and California. It has been found on the bark of Populus trichocarpa, Cornus stolonifera, Alnus incana, and Thuja plicata.

Hardwood
Hardwood is wood from angiosperm trees. These are usually found in broad-leaved temperate and tropical forests. In temperate and boreal latitudes they are mostly deciduous, but in tropics and subtropics mostly evergreen. Hardwood (which comes from angiosperm trees) contrasts with softwood (which is from gymnosperm trees).
The Keeper of the Bees (1925 film)
The Keeper of the Bees is a 1925 American silent drama film written and directed by James Leo Meehan. It is based on the 1925 novel The Keeper of the Bees by Gene Stratton-Porter. The film stars Robert Frazer, Josef Swickard, Martha Mattox, Clara Bow, Alyce Mills, and Gene Stratton. The film was released on September 6, 1925, by Film Booking Offices of America.

Martha Mattox
Martha Mattox (born Eleanor Perry Mellen; June 19, 1879 – May 2, 1933) was an American silent film actress most notable for her portrayal of Mammy Pleasant in the 1927 film The Cat and the Canary. She also played a role in Torrent (1926). She died from a heart ailment at age 53.
René Tremblay
René Tremblay, PC (November 12, 1922 – January 22, 1968) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Luceville, Quebec, he was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada representing the riding of Matapédia—Matane in the 1963 federal election. A Liberal, he was re-elected in 1965. From 1963 to 1964, he was a Minister without Portfolio. From 1964 to 1965, he was the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration. In 1965, he was the Postmaster General. He died of a heart attack at the age of forty-five on Monday, January 22, 1968.

Haute-Gaspésie—La Mitis—Matane—Matapédia
Haute-Gaspésie—La Mitis—Matane—Matapédia (formerly known as Matapédia—Matane) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1979 until 2013. It has the lowest percentage of visible minorities among all Canadian electoral districts (0.3%).
Boleslav Kukel
Boleslav Kazimirovich Kukel (Russian: Болеслав Казимирович Кукель; 1829–1869) was a Russian general, Governor of Transbaikalia, officially "the chief of General Staff of East Siberia," a geologist and geographer, and a Lithuanian strongly inspired with the modern ideas of the epoch, who maintained personal connections to various Russian radical political figures exiled to Siberia.

Lithuanians
Lithuanians (Lithuanian: lietuviai) are a Baltic ethnic group. They are native to Lithuania, where they number around 2,378,118 people. Another two million make up the Lithuanian diaspora, largely found in countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Brazil and Canada. Their native language is Lithuanian, one of only two surviving members of the Baltic language family along with Latvian. According to the census conducted in 2021, 84.6% of the population of Lithuania identified themselves as Lithuanians. Most Lithuanians belong to the Catholic Church, while the Lietuvininkai who lived in the northern part of East Prussia prior to World War II, were mostly Lutherans.
Monteagudo, Bolivia
19°48′17″S 63°57′22″W﻿ / ﻿19.80472°S 63.95611°W﻿ / -19.80472; -63.95611

Monteagudo is a small town in South Eastern Bolivia. Its name is dedicated to Bernardo de Monteagudo Cáceres (1789-1825) who took part in the Chuquisaca revolution of 25 May 1809.

Bernardo de Monteagudo
Bernardo de Monteagudo (1789–1825) was a political activist and revolutionary. He took part in the liberation struggles in South America, particularly in Argentina.

He was born in Tucumán in Argentina, and was assassinated in Lima, Perú.

He was most likely of mixed race, with ancestry which included African slaves. He was a key figure in the presence of Afrodescendants in the 18th and 19th centuries.