hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Black Friend
The Black Friend: On Being a Better White Person is a 2020 young adult book written by Frederick Joseph.

Joseph wrote this book after reflecting on daily microaggressions throughout his life. Writing from the perspective of a friend, Joseph offers candid reflections on his own experiences with racism, as well as conversations with prominent artists and activists about theirs. The Black Friend encourages White people to be thoughtful of their interactions with people of color.

The book discusses racism and social injustice and teaches awareness and knowledge to help people become antiracist. It includes personal experiences, interviews with prominent figures such as Angie Thomas, Toni Tone, and April Reign, references to pop culture and media, and an interactive encyclopedia of racism.

Toni Tone
Toni Omotola Adenlé Listenⓘ, known professionally as Toni Tone, is a British-Nigerian author, content creator and host of Toni Told Me. She is known for her best-selling book I Wish I Knew This Earlier: Lessons on Love (2021).
HKGolden50
HKGolden50 (Chinese: 香港黃金五十) is a small policy research organisation in Hong Kong. It claims to be "non-political, non-profit, independent" although its prime mover is Franklin Lam. a former member of the Executive Council of Hong Kong.  The group publishes research reports on perceived opportunities and bottlenecks in Hong Kong.  The research team consists of Lam and nine post-80s members.

Post-80s
The Post-'80s or Post-1980s is a Chinese colloquial term referring to the generation in Mainland China born between 1980 and 1989, especially in urban cities, after the introduction of the one-child policy. It is the Chinese counterpart to the early Generation Y in the Western World, the first post-Cultural Revolution generation, and the first to grow up entirely within the Reform era. The Post-80s currently ranges from age 35 to 45, making up a major portion of China's working young adult demographic.
Angel Stoykov
Angel Georgiev Stoykov (Bulgarian: Ангел Стойков; born 24 August 1977) is a former Bulgarian footballer who played as a midfielder.

He played for Chernomorets Burgas, Spartak Varna, CSKA Sofia, Marek Dupnitsa, Slavia Sofia, Cypriot Nea Salamis Famagusta FC and Kaliakra Kavarna. Stoykov was appointed as manager of Montana in February 2023, remaining in this capacity until May 2023.

FC Chernomorets Burgas
FC Chernomorets Burgas (Bulgarian: ФК Черноморец Бургас) or simply Chernomorets (Bulgarian: Черноморец) were a Bulgarian football club from the city of Burgas. Chernomorets played its home matches at the local Chernomorets Stadium. The team was a runner-up in the Bulgarian Cup and Bulgarian Supercup competitions.

Chernomorets established itself as one of the most consistent teams in Bulgaria, spending most of its history in the top tier A Group. Financial problems started in the early 2000s however, and the club eventually folded after the 2005–06 season. An unofficial successor, PSFC Chernomorets Burgas was soon founded. The new club played in the top tier between 2007 and 2014, but also encountered financial problems, folding in 2019. A third club from Burgas was created in the wake of PSFC Chernomorets’ problems, named FC Chernomorets 1919 Burgas, which began playing in the amateur levels.
Jerusalem, Maryland
Jerusalem is an unincorporated community in Harford County, Maryland, United States.  It is the location of the historic Jerusalem Mill Village and Jericho Covered Bridge, both listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Jerusalem Mill Village is located on Jerusalem Road in Kingsville, MD between the Little Gunpowder Falls river and Jericho Road.

Jerusalem Mill Village
Jerusalem Mill Village is a living history museum that spans the 18th through early 20th centuries. One of the oldest and most intact mill villages in the U.S. state of Maryland, Jerusalem is located in Harford County, along the Little Gunpowder Falls River. It also serves as the headquarters of the Gunpowder Falls State Park.  The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 20, 1987.  Also on the National Register of Historic Places and located nearby are Jericho Farm and the Jericho Covered Bridge.
Rwesero Art Museum
Rwesero Art Museum is a museum in Nyanza, Rwanda. It is under the responsibility of the  Institute of National Museums of Rwanda.

It was built as a palace for King Mutara III Rudahigwa, but he never had time to move into it; he died before occupying it, and was turned into an art museum.

Mutara III Rudahigwa
Mutara III Rudahigwa (March 1911 – 25 July 1959) was King (umwami) of Rwanda between 1931 and 1959. He was the first Rwandan king to bring Catholicism to the country, being baptised Charles Léon Pierre. He is thus sometimes referred to as Charles Mutara III Rudahigwa.
Clive MacDonnell Dixon
Major Clive MacDonnell Dixon (10 February 1870 in Middlesbrough – 5 November 1914 in Ypres) was an English illustrator and soldier, best known for the charming images in his book The Leaguer of Ladysmith, created during the four-month Siege of Ladysmith in South Africa. This material also appeared in the Ladysmith Lyre at the time of the siege. The Sphere praised the book, describing it as 'highly humorous and showing comic sketching genius'.

Ypres
Ypres (/ˈiːprə/ EE-prə, French: [ipʁ] ⓘ;  Dutch: Ieper [ˈipər] ⓘ; West Flemish: Yper; German: Ypern [ˈyːpɐn] ⓘ) is a Belgian city and municipality in the province of West Flanders. Though 
the Dutch name Ieper is the official one, the city's French name Ypres is most commonly used in English. The municipality comprises the city of Ypres/Ieper and the villages of Boezinge, Brielen, Dikkebus, Elverdinge, Hollebeke, Sint-Jan, Vlamertinge, Voormezele, Zillebeke, and Zuidschote. Together, they are home to about 34,900 inhabitants.

During the First World War, Ypres (or "Wipers" as it was commonly known by the British troops) was the centre of the Battles of Ypres between German and Allied forces.
Essunga Municipality
Essunga Municipality (Swedish: Essunga kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Nossebro.

The 1952 municipal reform in Sweden saw the creation of Essunga Municipality out of eight original entities. In 1974 it was dissolved and part of Vara Municipality until 1983, when it was reestablished within the boundaries of 1952. The village of Essunga is a minor settlement just east of Nossebro.

Västra Götaland County
Västra Götaland County  (Swedish: Västra Götalands län) is a county or län on the western coast of Sweden.

The county is the second most populous of Sweden's counties and it comprises 49 municipalities (kommuner). Its population of 1,616,000 amounts to 17% of Sweden's population. The formal capital and seat of the governor of Västra Götaland County is Gothenburg. The political capital and seat of the Västra Götaland Regional Council is Vänersborg.

The county was established on 1 January 1998, when Älvsborg County, Gothenburg and Bohus County and Skaraborg County were merged.
Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Valdivia
Museo de Arte Contemporáneo or MAC (Spanish for Museum of Contemporary Art) is a modern art museum in Valdivia run by Universidad Austral de Chile. It was founded in 1994 by the then rector of Universidad Austral Manfred Max-Neef and the artist Hernán Miranda. Artists that have had exhibitions at MAC include: Nicanor Parra and Juan Francisco Salazar. MAC was built in the same site of the old Anwandter Brewery that collapsed during the 1960 Valdivia earthquake.

Manfred Max-Neef
Artur Manfred Max Neef (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmaɱfɾeð maks]; 26 October 1932 – 8 August 2019) was a Chilean economist of German descent. Max-Neef was born in Valparaíso, Chile. He started his career as a professor of economics at the University of California, Berkeley in the early 1960s. He was known for his taxonomy of fundamental human needs and human scale development. In 1983, he was awarded the Right Livelihood Award for "revitalising small and medium-sized communities through 'Barefoot Economics'."
Caterina Visconti
Caterina Visconti (1361 – 17 October 1404) was Duchess of Milan as the second spouse of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, the first Duke of Milan, and was the mother of two succeeding Dukes of Milan, Gian Maria and Filippo Maria Visconti.  Caterina served as Regent of Milan from 1402 to 1404, during her elder son's minority, but due to Gian Maria's suspicion of her alleged treason (planted in his mind by her enemy, the condottiero Facino Cane), he had his mother arrested and imprisoned in the castle of Monza, where she was presumably poisoned in 1404.

Condottiero
Condottieri (Italian: [kondotˈtjɛːri]; singular: condottiero or condottiere) were Italian military leaders active during the Middle Ages and the early modern period. The term originally referred specifically to commanders of mercenary companies, derived from the Italian word condotta—the contract under which they served a city-state or lord. The word condottiero thus meant 'contractor'. Over time, however, in Italian usage, condottiero came to mean any 'commander' or 'military leader'.
Small Međimurje Dog
The Small Međimurje Dog, also known as Međi, or locally well known as Štakoraš ("Ratter"), is a breed of dog native to Croatia. It has been bred for over a hundred years in northwestern Croatia, in Međimurje area mostly. It is found in rural yards as a guard dog and hunter for harmful rodents. The breed is currently recognized by national kennel clubs of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Netherlands, Finland, and the Czech Republic. The breed is currently not recognized by the FCI. The unofficial FCI classification of the breed is FCI Group 1 Sheepdogs and Cattle Dogs (except Swiss Cattle Dogs) Section 1 / Sheepdogs, without working trial.

Kennel club
A kennel club (known as a kennel council or canine council in some countries) is an organization for canine affairs that concerns itself with the breeding, showing and promotion of more than one breed of dog. Kennel clubs became popular in the mid 19th century. All-encompassing kennel clubs are also referred to as 'all-breed clubs', although "all" means only those breeds that they have decided to recognize, and "breed"  means purebred dogs, not including dog hybrids and crossbreeds or mixed-breed dogs. A club that handles only one breed is known as a breed club.
Jeremy Boissevain
Jeremy Fergus Boissevain (5 August 1928 – 26 June 2015) was a Dutch anthropologist. He was Emeritus Professor of Social Anthropology at the Amsterdam School for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam.

Social anthropology
Social anthropology is the study of patterns of behaviour in human societies and cultures. It is the dominant constituent of anthropology throughout the United Kingdom and much of Europe, where it is distinguished from cultural anthropology. In the United States, social anthropology is commonly subsumed within cultural anthropology or sociocultural anthropology.
Andesite Mountain Bushveld
The Andesite Mountain Bushveld is a type of sub-tropical woodland ecoregion of Southern Africa. It is part of the Bushveld biome, which straddles the Tropic of Capricorn and constitutes the southern part of the Zambezian region.

Tropic of Capricorn
The Tropic of Capricorn (or the Southern Tropic) is the circle of latitude that contains the subsolar point at the December (or southern) solstice. It is thus the southernmost latitude where the Sun can be seen directly overhead. It also reaches 90 degrees below the horizon at solar midnight on the June Solstice. Its northern counterpart is the Tropic of Cancer.

The Tropic of Capricorn is one of the five major circles of latitude marked on maps of Earth. Its latitude is currently 23°26′09.2″ (or 23.43589°) south of the Equator, but it is very gradually moving northward, currently at the rate of 0.47 arcseconds, or 15 metres, per year.
Miss Thailand
Miss Thailand (Thai: นางสาวไทย; RTGS: Nang Sao Thai), is a beauty pageant held in Thailand for Thai women first held in 1934 under the name of Miss Siam (Thai: นางสาวสยาม; RTGS: Nang Sao Sayam). Since 2025, The winner of Miss Thailand pageant represents Thailand at Miss Cosmo.

The reigning Miss Thailand 2025 is Chotnapa Kaewjarun from Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya.

Miss Cosmo
Miss Cosmo (mis•ˈkɒzmɒ) is an annual international beauty pageant by UNICorp and UNIMedia in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It was founded in August 2023 under the leadership of Trần Việt Bảo Hoàng, with its inaugural competition held in October 2024.

Ketut Permata Juliastrid of Indonesia, who was crowned Miss Cosmo 2024 on 5 October 2024, at Saigon Riverside Park, Ho Chi Minh City by the CEO of the Miss Cosmo Organization, Mr. Trần Việt Bảo Hoàng. She is the inaugural winner of Miss Cosmo since its inception.

The current titleholder of Miss Cosmo  is Yolina Lindquist from USA, who was crowned at Creative Park in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, on December 20, 2025.
Matsumura Goshun
Matsumura Goshun (jap. 松村 呉春; April 28, 1752 (traditional: Hōreki 2/3/15) – September 4, 1811 (traditional: Bunka 8/7/17)), sometimes also referred to as Matsumura Gekkei (松村 月渓), was a Japanese painter of the Edo period and founder of the Shijō school of painting. He was a disciple of the painter and poet Yosa Buson (1716–1784), a master of Japanese southern school painting.

Bunka
Bunka (文化, culture) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. 'year name') after Kyōwa and before Bunsei. The period spanned the years from January 1804 to April 1818. The reigning emperors were Kōkaku-tennō (光格天皇) and Ninkō-Tennō (仁孝天皇).
1884 in Canadian football
The following is an overview of the events of 1884 in Canadian football, primarily focusing on the senior teams that played in this era. This includes news, standings, playoff games, and championships. This was the second season since the creation of the Ontario Rugby Football Union (ORFU) and the Quebec Rugby Football Union (QRFU) in 1883 and the first since the re-establishment of the Canadian Rugby Football Union (CRFU). The season was highlighted by the first ever Rugby Football Dominion Championship where the Montreal Football Club defeated the Toronto Football Club by a score of 30 to 0.

Football Canada
Football Canada is the governing body for gridiron football in Canada headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario. Football Canada focuses primarily its own Canadian form of the sport, and is currently the world's only national governing body for Canadian football.

The governing body is also Canada's representative member of the International Federation of American Football (IFAF), the world's governing body for American football. In this capacity, it organizes the Canada men's national team which competes in IFAF competitions using American rules.
Judicial minimalism
Judicial minimalism refers to a philosophy in United States constitutional law that promotes a politically moderate viewpoint such as that of former Supreme Court justice Sandra Day O'Connor. It is often compared to other judicial philosophies such as judicial activism, judicial originalism, and judicial textualism. Judicial minimalism takes its approach from a limited method of decision-making conceived by Edmund Burke.

Originally stated in Liverpool, New York & Philadelphia Steamship Co. v. Commissioners of Emigration (1885), minimalism is one the seven rules of the constitutional avoidance doctrine established in Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority (1936) that requires that the Supreme Court of the United States to "not 'formulate a rule of constitutional law broader than is required by the precise facts to which it is to be applied.'"

Liverpool, New York & Philadelphia Steamship Co. v. Commissioners of Emigration
Liverpool, New York & Philadelphia S. S. Co. v. Commissioners of Emigration, 113 U.S. 33 (1885), was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court. The Court held that courts should not prematurely determine whether a statute applies or does not apply to a given case based solely on pleadings and the text of the statute without considering the evidence. The Court further held that in cases where it is unclear whether an act applies, courts should not preemptively rule on the act's constitutionality, marking an early statement of the ripeness doctrine.
Oliver Stewart
Major Oliver Stewart MC AFC (1896-1976) was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories. Post war, he had a long and distinguished career as a writer. His parents were Thomas Gibson Bowles and Rita Shell.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase
3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratases (HACDs) are a family of enzymes that play a crucial role in fatty acid elongation in eukaryotes. These enzymes catalyze the third step in the four-step cycle of fatty acid elongation, specifically the dehydration reaction that converts 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA to trans-2-enoyl-CoA. In humans, there are four known HACD enzymes (HACD1-4) encoded by separate genes. These enzymes are primarily involved in the biosynthesis of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), which are essential components of various cellular structures and signaling molecules. HACDs are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, where they work in concert with other enzymes of the fatty acid elongation complex to produce fatty acids with chain lengths greater than 16 carbon atom.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
Japanese gunboat Uji (1903)
Uji (宇治) was an early steam gunboat, serving in the Imperial Japanese Navy. She was named after the city of Uji in Kyoto prefecture. She should not be confused with the later World War II period Hashidate-class Uji with the same name

Hashidate-class gunboat
The Hashidate-class gunboat was a class of two Imperial Japanese Navy gunboats which served during World War II. The class consisted of two vessels, Hashidate and Uji. During World War II the number of their AA guns was increased and they were also equipped with depth charges.
Lori Ann Setton
Lori Ann Setton is an American biomechanical engineer noted for her research on mechanics and mechanobiology of the intervertebral disc, articular cartilage mechanics, drug delivery, and pathomechanisms of osteoarthritis. She is currently the department chair as well as the Lucy and Stanley Lopata Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering at McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis.

Mechanics
Mechanics (from Ancient Greek  μηχανική (mēkhanikḗ) 'of machines') is the area of physics concerned with the relationships between force, matter, and motion among physical objects. Forces applied to objects may result in displacements, which are changes of an object's position relative to its environment.

Theoretical expositions of this branch of physics have their origins in Ancient Greece, for instance, in the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes (see History of classical mechanics and Timeline of classical mechanics). During the early modern period, scientists such as Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Christiaan Huygens, and Isaac Newton laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics.

In the 20th century the concepts of classical mechanics were challenged by new discoveries, leading to fundamentally new approaches including relativistic mechanics and quantum mechanics.
Mercedes Baptista
Mercedes Ignácia da Silva Krieger, known as Mercedes Batista or Mercedes Baptista (20 May, 1921 — 19 August, 2014) was a Brazilian ballet dancer and choreographer, the first black woman to join Theatro Municipal do Rio de Janeiro's corps de ballet.

Baptista was responsible for the creation of the Afro-Brazilian ballet, inspired by the candomblé terreiros, elaborating a codification and vocabulary proper for these dances.

Corps de ballet
In ballet, the corps de ballet ([kɔʁ də balɛ]; French for "body of the little dance") is the group of dancers who are not principal dancers or soloists. They are a permanent part of the ballet company and often work as a backdrop for the principal dancers.

A corps de ballet works as one, with synchronized movements and corresponding positioning on the stage. Well-known uses of the corps de ballet include the titular swans of Swan Lake and The Nutcracker's snow scene and the Waltz of the Flowers sequence.
Golden Reel Awards 2021
The 69th Golden Reel Awards, were held on March 13, 2022, by the Motion Picture Sound Editors (M.P.S.E.) to honor the best in sound editing for film, television, computer entertainment and student productions in 2021. The nominations were announced on January 24, 2022. The film Dune led the nominations with three.

Motion Picture Sound Editors
Motion Picture Sound Editors (MPSE) is an American professional society of motion picture sound editors founded in 1953. The society's goals are to educate others about and increase the recognition of the sound and music editors, show the artistic merit of the soundtracks, and improve the professional relationship of its members. The society is not to be confused with an industry union, such as the I.A.T.S.E. The names of active members of the MPSE will generally appear in film credits with the post-nominal letters "MPSE".
Burak, Kermanshah
Burak (Persian: بورك, also Romanized as Būrak) is a village in Howmeh-ye Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Eslamabad-e Gharb County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 308, in 67 families.

Eslamabad-e Gharb County
Eslamabad-e Gharb County (Persian: شهرستان اسلام‌آباد غرب) or Shahabad- Ghrb County (Persian: شهرستان شاه‌آباد غرب) is in Kermanshah Province, Iran, part of what is unofficially referred to as Iranian Kurdistan. Its capital is the city of Eslamabad-e Gharb.
Haenel RS9
The Haenel RS9 is a bolt action sniper rifle manufactured by C.G. Haenel. It is the Bundeswehr's medium-range sniper rifle and replaces the Accuracy International AWM in the Kommando Spezialkräfte and Kommando Spezialkräfte Marine.

Sniper rifle
A sniper rifle is a high-precision, long-range rifle. Requirements include high accuracy, reliability, mobility, concealment, and optics, for anti-personnel, anti-materiel and surveillance uses by military snipers. The modern sniper rifle is a portable shoulder-fired rifle with either a bolt action or semi-automatic action, fitted with a telescopic sight for extreme accuracy and chambered for a high-ballistic performance centerfire cartridge.