hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reinforced concrete
Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete or ferro-concrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility. The reinforcement is usually, though not necessarily, steel reinforcing bars (known as rebar) and is usually embedded passively in the concrete before the concrete sets. However, post-tensioning is also employed as a technique to reinforce the concrete. In terms of volume used annually, it is one of the most common engineering materials. In corrosion engineering terms, when designed correctly, the alkalinity of the concrete protects the steel rebar from corrosion.

Calcium hydroxide
Calcium hydroxide (traditionally called slaked lime) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)2. It is a colorless crystal or white powder and is produced when quicklime (calcium oxide) is mixed with water.  Annually, approximately 125 million tons of calcium hydroxide are produced worldwide.

Calcium hydroxide has many names including hydrated lime, caustic lime, builders' lime, slaked lime, cal, and pickling lime. Calcium hydroxide is used in many applications, including food preparation, where it has been identified as E number E526. Limewater, also called milk of lime, is the common name for a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide.
Harry Apted
Harry Joseph Apted (30 April 1925 – 8 April 2016) was a Fijian cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman who bowled slow left arm orthodox.

Apted made his first-class debut for Fiji in 1948 against Auckland during Fiji's tour of New Zealand. From 1948 to 1954 he played 9 first-class matches for Fiji, with his final first-class appearance coming against Auckland during Fiji's 1953/54 tour of New Zealand.

In his 9 first-class matches for Fiji he scored 497 runs at a batting average of 27.61, with four half centuries and a high score of 97 against Auckland in 1948. With the ball he took 5 wickets at a bowling average of 27.80, with best figures of 2/36. In the field he took 19 catches for Fiji.

Apted also represented Fiji in 76 non first-class matches from 1948 to 1968, including a match against the touring West Indians. Apted's final match for Fiji came in 1968 against Northland.

In 2008, Apted was inducted into the Fiji Sports Hall of Fame. He died in April 2016.

Northern Districts men's cricket team
The Northern Districts cricket team is a men's cricket team that represents the northern half of New Zealand’s North Island (excluding Auckland). It is one of six major first-class cricket teams governed by New Zealand Cricket. The team competes in the Plunket Shield first-class competition, the Ford Trophy one-day competition, and the Men's Super Smash T20 competition. The T20 team is known as the Northern Brave (previously Northern Knights until the 2021–22 season.

Northern Districts were the last of New Zealand’s six major teams to gain first-class status, joining the Plunket Shield in the 1956–57 season. The association comprises six constituent districts: Northland Cricket Association, Counties Manukau Cricket Association, Waikato Valley Cricket, Hamilton Cricket Association, Bay of Plenty Cricket, and Poverty Bay Cricket Association.
Maurice Raizman
Maurice Raizman (né Miron Raizman) (26 February 1905, Bendery – 1 April 1974, Paris) was a French chess master.

Born into a Jewish family in Bendery (then in Russian Empire), he emigrated to France. He was six-times French Champion (1932, 1936, 1946, 1947, 1951, and 1952) and Paris Champion in 1938. 
He shared first with Victor Kahn in 16th Paris Championship 1934, and tied for 1st-2nd with Aristide Gromer in 17th French Championship at Nice 1938. He took 2nd, behind Stepan Popel, in the Paris Championship 1953.

Raizman played for France in Chess Olympiads:

In 1935, at first reserve board in 6th Chess Olympiad in Warsaw (+4 –4 =8);

In 1954, at second board in 11th Chess Olympiad in Amsterdam (+5 –6 =5);

In 1958, at first board in 13th Chess Olympiad in Munich (+1 –7 =5);

In 1972, at first reserve board in 20th Chess Olympiad in Skopje (+8 –1 =1).

French Chess Championship
The French Chess Championship is the annual, national chess tournament of France. It was officially first played in 1923
after the formation of the Fédération Française des Echecs in 1921. The first unofficial national tournament was played in 1880, in the Café de la Régence, where further edition were held in 1881 and 1883. The 1903 and 1914 tournaments were the first real predecessors of the official championship. They ran under the name Championnat de France des amateurs (Championship of the chess enthusiasts).
Vaillant Group
The Vaillant Group is a company that develops products for heating, cooling and hot water.

The company employs ~16,000 people worldwide and generates an annual turnover of approximately 3.2 billion euros. This makes the Vaillant Group one of the largest companies in its sector in Europe. The family-owned company is a global market leader in the wall-hung boiler segment. The Group's activities focus on the development of green products, and energy-saving and environmentally friendly products in particular, with the aim of achieving sustainable and profitable growth. The Vaillant Group's headquarters are located in Remscheid, North Rhine-Westphalia. The company is still one-hundred per cent family owned today.

The National German Sustainability Award
The National German Sustainability Award was established in 2008 to encourage the acceptance of social and ecological responsibility and to identify role models in the area of sustainability. The award is endorsed by the German Federal Government, local and business associations as well as numerous NGOs, among them UNESCO and UNICEF. The awards are presented to cities, companies and individuals promoting the idea of a sustainable society by Federal Chancellor Angela Merkel or other members of her cabinet. Responsible for the award is the foundation Deutscher Nachhaltigkeitspreis e.V.
That's What She Gets for Loving Me
"That's What She Gets for Loving Me" is a song written by Ronnie Dunn and Terry McBride, and recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn.  It was released in February 2004 as the third and final single from their album Red Dirt Road.  It peaked at number 6 in the United States.

Terry McBride (musician)
Terry McBride (born September 16, 1958) is an American country music artist. Between 1989 and 1994, and again from 2000 to 2002, McBride was the lead vocalist and bass guitarist in the band McBride & the Ride, a country music group which recorded four studio albums, received CMA and ACM Nominations for Vocal Group of the Year, and charted more than ten singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts. The trio reunited a second time in 2021 and is currently touring throughout the country in support of their comeback EP, Marlboros & Avon. McBride continues to write and record solo music as well, including albums Hotels & Highways and Rebels & Angels. He is also the son of 1970s country singer Dale McBride.
Duboviazivka
Duboviazivka (Ukrainian: Дубов'язівка; Russian: Дубовязовка) is a rural settlement in Konotop Raion, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. It is located on the banks of the Lipka, a tributary of the Ezuch in the drainage basin of the Dnieper. Duboviazivka hosts the administration of Duboviazivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,282 (2022 estimate).

Konotop Raion
Konotop Raion (Ukrainian: Конотопський район, [konoˈtɔpsʲkɪj rɐˈjɔn] ⓘ) is a raion in Sumy Oblast in Central Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the town of Konotop. Population: 194,408 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Sumy Oblast was reduced to five, and the area of Konotop Raion was significantly expanded.  The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 26,838 (2020 est.).
Howard Wright Alexander
Howard Wright Alexander (19 June 1911, Toronto – 28 June 1985, Richmond, Indiana) was a Canadian-American mathematician.

Alexander graduated from the University of Toronto in 1933 with a bachelor's degree. He emigrated from Canada to the United States in 1937. He received his Ph.D. in 1939 from Princeton University. As a Quaker, he was a conscientious objector during World War II and did alternative national service. At Earlham College he became an associate professor of mathematics in 1952 and retired there in 1976 as professor emeritus. He was an Invited Speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1950 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

He married Mary Alice Nace in 1942; they had six children.

International Congress of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU).

The Fields Medals, the IMU Abacus Medal (known before 2022 as the Nevanlinna Prize), the Gauss Prize, and the Chern Medal are awarded during the congress's opening ceremony. Each congress is memorialized by a printed set of Proceedings recording academic papers based on invited talks intended to be relevant to current topics of general interest. Being invited to talk at the ICM has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame".
Maoluo River
The Maoluo River (Chinese: 貓羅溪; pinyin: Māoluó Xī; Wade–Giles: Mao1-lo2 Hsi1) is a tributary of the Wu River (Dadu River) in Taiwan. It is the main tributary on the left bank of the Wu River. Originating from the Jialishan Range, it flows east of the Bagua Plateau through Nantou County, Changhua County, and Taichung City for 47 kilometers.

Changhua County
Changhua (Wade-Giles: Chang¹-hua⁴) is a county of Taiwan, that is the smallest on the main island of Taiwan by area, and the fourth smallest in the country. With a total population of 1.24 million, Changhua County is the most populous county in the Republic of China. Its capital is Changhua City and it is part of the Taichung–Changhua metropolitan area.
2024 National Conference League
The 2024 National Conference League was the 39th season of the National Conference League, the top league for British amateur rugby league clubs.

Fixtures were released on 14 December 2023. The following are the results for each season:

In 2024, dual registration was trialed for the first time in competition.

National Conference League
The National Conference League (NCL) was part of the British rugby league system at the top end of the amateur pyramid below the professional Championship. It came under the jurisdiction of the Rugby Football League (RFL). It was replaced by the National Community Rugby League.
Ingrid Goude
Ingrid Goude (born May 26, 1937) is a Swedish retired actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder. She became an actress in B-movie and sci-fi motion pictures of the late 1950s and early 1960s. Her parents were Edward K. Goude, the manager of a steel plant in Sandviken, and Valdy Goude.

Sandviken
Sandviken is a locality and the seat of Sandviken Municipality in Gävleborg County, Sweden with 26,438 inhabitants in 2023. It is situated about 25 km west of Gävle and lies approximately 190 km north of Stockholm. The rail journey to Stockholm takes about 1.5 hours and to Arlanda, Sweden's main international airport, around an hour.

Sandviken is the home town of the major high-technology Swedish engineering concern Sandvik and the main office of the company was located in Sandviken until January 2012 when it was moved to Stockholm.
County Palatine of Tipperary Act 1715
The County Palatine of Tipperary Act 1715 (2 Geo. 1. c. 8 (I)) is an act of the Parliament of Ireland. This act enabled the purchase by the crown of the Palatine Rights in County Tipperary given to the Earls of Ormond, later Dukes of Ormonde, over the preceding centuries. Prior to the act, the dukes appointed the sheriffs and judges of the county and owned certain revenues from the county which would otherwise have gone to the Crown.

The passing of the act was followed almost at once by the attainder for treason of James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde by the British Parliament passing the Attainder of Duke of Ormonde Act 1714 (1 Geo. 1. St. 2. c. 17). Ormonde fled to France on suspicion of being involved in the Jacobite Rising of 1715. Although his titles and estates were restored at the end of the 18th century to another branch of the Butler family, there was no question of reviving the palatine court, which was by then an anachronism.

Jacobite rising of 1715
The Jacobite rising of 1715 (Scottish Gaelic: Bliadhna Sheumais [ˈpliən̪ˠə ˈheːmɪʃ];
or 'the Fifteen') was the attempt by James Edward Stuart (the Old Pretender) to regain the thrones of England, Ireland and Scotland for the exiled Stuarts.

At Braemar, Aberdeenshire, the Earl of Mar raised the Jacobite standard on 27 August. Aiming to capture Stirling Castle, he was checked by the much-outnumbered Hanoverians, commanded by the Duke of Argyll, at Sheriffmuir on 13 November. There was no clear result, but the Earl appeared to believe, mistakenly, that he had won the battle. After the Jacobite surrender at Preston (14 November), the rebellion was over.
PrivadoVPN
PrivadoVPN is a VPN service provider with applications for Windows, macOS, Android, iOS, AndroidTV and Amazon Fire TV along with custom configuration support for routers and Linux. PrivadoVPN is based in Switzerland and operates under Swiss privacy laws.

Android TV
Android TV is an operating system developed by Google, it is a closed-source Android distribution. Android TV features a user interface designed around content discovery and voice search, content aggregation from various media apps and services, and integration with other recent Google technologies such as Assistant, Cast, and Knowledge Graph.

The platform was unveiled in June 2014, as a successor to Google TV, available first on the Nexus Player in October. The platform has since been adopted as smart TV middleware by companies such as Hisense, Sony, Panasonic, Philips, Sharp, Motorola, Nokia, Toshiba, TCL and Xiaomi. Android TV products have also been adopted as set-top boxes by a number of IPTV television providers. The "Operator Tier" certification allows operators to distribute their own custom devices based on the Android TV platform.
Living in the Material World: 50th Anniversary Edition
Living in the Material World: 50th Anniversary Edition is an expanded edition of George Harrison's 1973 album Living in the Material World. The reissue was released on 15 November 2024 and includes Dolby Atmos mixes by three time Grammy winning engineer and mixer Paul Hicks.

Dolby Atmos
Dolby Atmos is a surround sound technology developed by Dolby Laboratories. It expands on existing surround sound systems by adding height channels as well as free-moving sound objects, interpreted as three-dimensional objects with neither horizontal nor vertical limitations. Following the release of Atmos for the cinema market, a variety of consumer technologies have been released under the Atmos brand. The initial cinema Atmos systems used in-ceiling speakers, then upward-firing speakers (e.g. for soundbars) were introduced as an alternative for consumer products. Atmos is also used on some devices that do not have a height channel, such as headphones, televisions, mobile phones, and tablets.
2024 Burnie International – Women's doubles
Mai Hontama and Eri Hozumi were the defending champions but chose not to participate.

Paige Hourigan and Erin Routliffe won the title, defeating Kyōka Okamura and Ayano Shimizu in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–4.

Erin Routliffe
Erin Hope Routliffe (born 11 April 1995) is a professional tennis player from New Zealand who specializes in doubles and previously represented Canada. She has won two major doubles titles at the 2023 and 2025 US Open, partnering with Gabriela Dabrowski, thus becoming the second Kiwi woman to win a major in the Open Era, after 1979 Australian Open women's doubles champion, Judy Connor.

Routliffe is a former world No. 1 in doubles, first achieving the feat on 15 July 2024. She and Dabrowski won the doubles title at the 2024 WTA Finals. Routliffe has won 12 WTA Tour doubles titles and represented New Zealand in the BJK Cup and at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
Simha Baludu
Simha Baludu (transl. A Man with Lion's Power) is a 1978 Indian Telugu-language swashbuckler film written and directed by K. Raghavendra Rao from a story by D. V. Narasa Raju. It stars N. T. Rama Rao and Vanisri, with music composed by M. S. Viswanathan. The film was released on 11 August 1978 to negative reviews and despite the grand opening ended up as a box-office bomb.

D. V. Narasa Raju
D.V. Narasaraju or Datla Venkata Narasaraju (Telugu: డి.వి.నరసరాజు; 15 July 1920 – 28 August 2006) was a writer and director of South India films and playwright. He wrote stories such as Gundamma Katha, Yamagola, and Donga Ramudu.

Narasa Raju was highly motivated by M. N. Roy and his party-free politics.

He died on 28 August 2006 at Care Hospital.
2023–24 Alabama A&M Bulldogs basketball team
The 2023–24 Alabama A&M Bulldogs basketball team represented Alabama A&M University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bulldogs, led by second-year head coach Otis Hughley Jr., played their home games at the Alabama A&M Events Center in Huntsville, Alabama as members of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). They finished the season 12–23, 9–9 in SWAC play, to finish in seventh place. As the No. 7 seed in the SWAC tournament, they defeated Alcorn State in the quarterfinals, before losing to Texas Southern in the semifinals. They received an invitation to the CIT, where they defeated Austin Peay in the quarterfinals, before losing to Norfolk State in the semifinals.

2023–24 Austin Peay Governors men's basketball team
The 2023–24 Austin Peay Governors men's basketball team represented Austin Peay State University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Governors, led by first-year head coach Corey Gipson, played their home games at the newly opened F&M Bank Arena located in Clarksville, Tennessee as second-year members of the Atlantic Sun Conference (ASUN).
Stary Radziejów
Stary Radziejów [ˈstarɨ raˈd͡ʑɛjuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radziejów, within Radziejów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is located in the historic region of Kuyavia.

Stary Radziejów was a royal village of the Kingdom of Poland. It was administratively located in the Radziejów County in the Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province.

Greater Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Greater Poland Province (Polish: Prowincja Wielkopolska) was an administrative division of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1569 until 1795. The name of the province comes from the historic land of Greater Poland.

The Greater Poland Province consisted initially of twelve voivodeships (after 1768 thirteen voivodeships) and one duchy:

Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship

Chełmno Voivodeship

Gniezno Voivodeship, est. in 1768

Inowrocław Voivodeship

Kalisz Voivodeship

Łęczyca Voivodeship

Malbork Voivodeship

Masovian Voivodeship

Płock Voivodeship

Pomeranian Voivodeship

Poznań Voivodeship

Rawa Voivodeship

Sieradz Voivodeship

Prince-Bishopric of Warmia

The location of the Crown Tribunal for the Greater Poland Province (the highest appeal court of the province) was Piotrków Trybunalski, and after the Convocation Sejm (1764) also Poznań and Bydgoszcz.
Natalie Christensen
Natalie Christensen (born 1966 in Owensboro, Kentucky) is an American photographer based in Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States. She has exhibited her photographs in the U.S. and internationally, including Santa Fe, New York, Brooklyn, Los Angeles, London, Berlin and Barcelona.

Owensboro, Kentucky
Owensboro is a home rule-class city in Daviess County, Kentucky, United States, of which it is also the county seat. It is the fourth-most populous city in the state. Owensboro is located on U.S. Route 60 and Interstate 165 about 107 miles (172 km) southwest of Louisville, and is the principal city of the Owensboro metropolitan area. The 2020 census had its population at 60,183. The metropolitan population was estimated at 116,506. The metropolitan area is the sixth largest in the state as of 2018, and the seventh largest population center in the state when including micropolitan areas.
Gerrion Jones
Gerrion Jones a.k.a. Wacky (born 1963 in Merthyr Tydfil) is a Welsh art collector.  He is best known for his curation of the Punk Forever exhibition which features artwork by Billy Childish, Jamie Reid and Jimmy Cauty.

Jones lived on the Gurnos Estate for over 25 years and was educated at the local Pen-Y-Dre High School.  He worked as a cook, roadie, sound engineer and DJ followed by 12 years at The Hoover Company in Pentrebach.  Whilst at Merthyr Tydfil College he trained as a panel beater and welder.

He started collecting subversive art at an early age, having been inspired by seeing the Sex Pistols on television in his early teens.

He now tours the exhibition regularly; most recently at Gwynedd Museum and Art Gallery in Bangor, Gwynedd.

Jamie Reid
Jamie Macgregor Reid (16 January 1947 – 8 August 2023) was an English visual artist. His best known works include the record cover for the Sex Pistols single "God Save the Queen", which was lauded as "the single most iconic image of the punk era."
Laem Son National Park
Laem Son National Park is located in Ranong and Phangnga provinces, Thailand. It is situated 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of Ranong on the country's west coast, with 100 kilometres (62 mi) of Andaman Sea coastline, making it Thailand's longest protected shore. The marine national park is named after the pines along the cape's shore. It was established in 1983, and is 196,875 rai ~ 315 square kilometres (122 sq mi) in size.

Andaman Sea
The Andaman Sea (historically also known as the Burma Sea) is a marginal sea of the northeastern Indian Ocean bounded by the coastlines of Myanmar and Thailand along the Gulf of Martaban and the west side of the Malay Peninsula, and separated from the Bay of Bengal to its west by the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands.  Its southern end is at Breueh Island just north of Sumatra, with the Strait of Malacca further southeast.

Traditionally, the sea has been used for fishery and transportation of goods between the coastal countries and its coral reefs and islands, which are popular tourist destinations.  The fishery and tourist infrastructure was severely damaged by the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.