hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bianconi–Barabási model
The Bianconi–Barabási model is a model in network science that explains the growth of complex evolving networks. This model can explain that nodes with different characteristics acquire links at different rates. It predicts that a node's growth depends on its fitness and can calculate the degree distribution. The Bianconi–Barabási model  is named after its inventors Ginestra Bianconi and Albert-László Barabási. This model is a variant of the  Barabási–Albert model. The model can be mapped to a Bose gas and this mapping can predict a topological phase transition between a "rich-get-richer" phase and a "winner-takes-all" phase.

Preferential attachment
A preferential attachment process is any of a class of processes in which some quantity, typically some form of wealth or credit, is distributed among a number of individuals or objects according to how much they already have, so that those who are already wealthy receive more than those who are not.

"Preferential attachment" is only the most recent of many names that have been given to such processes.  They are also referred to under the names Yule process, cumulative advantage, the rich get richer, and the Matthew effect. They are also related to Gibrat's law.

The principal reason for scientific interest in preferential attachment is that it can, under suitable circumstances, generate power law distributions. If preferential attachment is non-linear, measured distributions may deviate from a power law. These mechanisms may generate distributions which are approximately power law over transient periods.
Sahajadapur
Sahajadapur is a village and a gram panchayat within the jurisdiction of the Jaynagar Majilpur police station in the Jaynagar II CD block in the Baruipur subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Jaynagar Majilpur
Jaynagar Majilpur (Bengali: [d͡ʒɔe̯nɔgoɾ mod͡ʒɪlpuɾ] ⓘ) is a town and a municipality of South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The town is famous for its confectionery called Jaynagarer Moa.
Kaygısız, Dicle
Kaygısız (Kurdish: Avdelan) is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Dicle, Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. It is populated by Kurds and had a population of 841 in 2022.

Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde).

Diyarbakır Province
Diyarbakır Province (Turkish: Diyarbakır ili; Zazaki: Suke Dîyarbekîr; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Amedê) is a province and metropolitan municipality in southeastern Turkey. Its area is 15,101 km2, and its population is 1,804,880 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Diyarbakır. The Kurdish majority province is part of Turkish Kurdistan.
1924–25 Scottish Division Two
The 1924–25 Scottish Division Two was won by Dundee United who, along with second placed Clydebank, were promoted to Division One. Johnstone and Forfar Athletic finished 19th and 20th respectively and were relegated to Division Three.

Johnstone F.C.
Johnstone Football Club was a  football club based at Newfield Park in Johnstone, Renfrewshire in Scotland. The club was a member of the Scottish Football League in two spells between 1912 and 1915, then 1921 and 1926.
V. Y. Praveen Kumar
Praveen Kumar is an Indian film producer. Started his career as Production manager with film like Money Money, Gulabi, Anaganaga Oka Roju and Rangeela. And started producing films independently with movies like Kalusukovalani, Bhagyalakshmi Bumper Draw and Pothe Poni in 2006. He is currently working as an executive producer for Ram Charan Tej's TBA films #RC16 and #RC17

Kalusukovalani
Kalusukovalani (transl. In order to meet) is a 2002 Indian Telugu-language romantic comedy film directed by R. Raghuraj and written by Vakkantham Vamsi. The film stars Uday Kiran, Gajala and Prathyusha. The film was Prathyusha's final film; she died at the age of 20 exactly two weeks after the film's release. Kalusukovalani was a moderate success at the box-office. The film was remade by Raghuraj in Tamil as Ice (2003).
The Old Man of Restelo
The Old Man of Restelo (Portuguese: Velho do Restelo), also known as the Old Man of Belem, is a fictional character introduced by the Portuguese epic poet Luís de Camões in Canto IV of his work Os Lusíadas (The Lusiads). The Old Man of Restelo is variously interpreted as a symbol of pessimism, or as representing those who did not believe in the likely success of the then upcoming Portuguese voyages of discovery. The character appears at the embarkation of the first expedition to India (1497), giving warnings about the odyssey that was about to happen.

Pessimism
Pessimism is a mental attitude in which an undesirable outcome is anticipated from a given situation. Pessimists tend to focus on the negatives of life in general. A common question asked to test for pessimism is "Is the glass half empty or half full?"; in this situation, a pessimist is said to see the glass as half empty, or in extreme cases completely empty, while an optimist is said to see the glass as half full. Throughout history, the pessimistic disposition has had effects on all major areas of thinking.
Calgary Mavericks
The Calgary Mavericks are a Canadian rugby union team based in Calgary, Alberta. The team plays in the Rugby Canada National Junior Championship and draws most of its players from the Calgary Rugby Union, one of fourteen Rugby Unions that have rep teams in the RCSL.

The Mavericks play their "home" games at Calgary Rugby Park in Calgary.

During the sixth season of the Super League the Mavericks became the first team outside of B.C. to win the league Championship defeating the Toronto Xtreme (40-24).

Rugby Canada
Rugby Canada is the national governing body for the sport of rugby union in Canada.  Rugby Canada was incorporated in 1974, and stems from the Canadian Rugby Football Union, a body established in 1884 that now governs amateur Canadian football as Football Canada; and the now-defunct Rugby Union of Canada, established in 1929.  Rugby Canada administers the Canada national rugby union team and sanctions the Rugby Canada National Junior Championship, a national competition for under-20 men's teams. It previously sanctioned the Super League as the premier level of men's competition in the country, but scrapped that league after the Americas Rugby Championship was created in 2009 as a two-stage competition in which the first involved only Canadian teams.
Iborra
Iborra is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Monique Iborra (born 1945), French politician

José Iborra Blanco (1908–2002), Spanish footballer

Vicente Iborra (born 1988), Spanish footballer

José Iborra
José Iborra Blanco (12 June 1908 – 17 September 2002) was a Spanish football player. He played for FC Barcelona in 1935-36, Due to the Spanish revolution of 1936 he among others fled the country to Mexico. In 1938 he arrive in Mexico and quickly signed with Mexican club Real Club España which was mostly Spanish players. In 1943 he was contacted by Joaquín Díaz Loredo and Alfonso Sobero owners of the newly formed club Puebla. He would help Puebla win their first tournament in 1945 winning the Copa Mexico. He would go on to play for 4 years with Puebla playing over 200 games. He died on September 17, 2002, at the age of 94. At the time of his death he was the last living Spanish player who had fled the 1936 Spanish revolution.
2024 Pennzoil 250
The 2024 Pennzoil 250 was the 20th stock car race of the 2024 NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the 13th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, July 20, 2024, at Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana, a 2.5 miles (4.0 km) permanent square-shaped racetrack. Contested over 100 laps, the race ended in a 3-car battle for the win, with Stewart-Haas Racing driver Riley Herbst claiming just his second career win, and his first of the season. It was Stewart-Haas Racing's 100th win across NASCAR's top 3 series. Teammate Cole Custer finished second, and Joe Gibbs Racing’s Aric Almirola finished third. Shane Van Gisbergen and Sheldon Creed rounded out the top five, and Austin Hill, Daniel Dye, A. J. Allmendinger, Justin Allgaier, and Carson Kvapil rounded out the top ten.

This race was followed by a three-week long break for the 2024 Summer Olympics which aired on NBC and USA.

Daniel Dye
Daniel Wayne Dye (born December 4, 2003) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 10 Ram 1500 for Kaulig Racing, part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series driving the No. 52 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for AM Racing, and part-time in the ARCA Menards Series, driving the No. 24 Ford for SPS Racing.
Gevurah
Gevurah or Geburah (Hebrew: גְּבוּרָה, romanized: Gəvūrā, Tiberian: Găḇūrā, lit. 'strength'), is the fifth sephirah in the kabbalistic Tree of Life, and it is the second of the emotive attributes of the sephirot. It sits below Binah, across from Chesed and above Hod.

Gevurah is "the essence of judgment (DIN) and limitation", and corresponds to awe and the element of fire.

Fire (classical element)
Fire is one of the four classical elements along with earth, water and air in ancient Greek philosophy and science. Fire is considered to be both hot and dry and, according to Plato, is associated with the tetrahedron.
Neil O'Brien
Neil John O'Brien OBE (born 6 November 1978) is a British Conservative Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Harborough, Oadby and Wigston, previously Harborough, since 2017. He has served as Shadow Minister for Policy Renewal and Development since July 2025. He was the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Primary Care and Public Health from September 2022 to November 2023. He was previously a special adviser to Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne from 2012 to 2016 and Theresa May during the first year of her tenure as Prime Minister.

Parliamentary under-secretary of state
The parliamentary under-secretary of state (historically under-secretary of state or just parliamentary secretary, particularly in departments not led by a secretary of state) is the lowest of three tiers of government minister in the UK government, immediately junior to a minister of state, which is itself junior to a secretary of state.
Cyclopropanol
Cyclopropanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C3H6O. It contains a cyclopropyl group with a hydroxyl group attached to it. The compound is highly unstable due to the three-membered ring, and is susceptible to reactions that open the ring. It is highly prone to rearrangement, undergoing structural isomerization to form propanal. This property is useful synthetically: cyclopropanol can be used as a synthon for the homoenolate of propanal. The chemical is also useful as a reagent to introduce a cyclopropyl group into ester, sulfate, and amine linkages. The resulting cyclopropyl-containing compounds have been used in investigations of potential antiviral drugs and of modulators of protein trafficking.

Synthon
In retrosynthetic analysis, a synthon is a hypothetical unit within a target molecule that represents a potential starting reagent in the retroactive synthesis of that target molecule. The term was coined in 1967 by E. J. Corey. He noted in 1988 that the "word synthon has now come to be used to mean synthetic building block rather than retrosynthetic fragmentation structures".
It was noted in 1998 that the phrase did not feature very prominently in Corey's 1981 book The Logic of Chemical Synthesis, as it was not included in the index. Because synthons are charged, when placed into a synthesis an uncharged form is found commercially instead of forming and using the potentially very unstable charged synthons.
Ashleigh Orchard
Ashleigh Orchard (née Baxter) (born 21 December 1991) is an Irish female rugby union player and coach. She has made 87 appearances for Ireland Sevens in the World Rugby Women's Sevens Series, and represented Ireland at the Women's Rugby World Cup in 2014 and 2017.

She began playing tag rugby before she joined a club in Lisburn; As of 2014, she played for Belfast Harlequins. For the 2022–23 season, she joined the Ulster Women's coaching team, and took a player-coach role at Cooke RFC. She was named Ulster Rugby Personality of the Year in the 2022 Ulster Rugby Awards.

She studied Aerospace engineering at Queen's University Belfast. She represented Ireland at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.

Women's Rugby World Cup
The Women's Rugby World Cup is the women's rugby union world championship which is organised by World Rugby. The first Rugby World Cup for women was held in 1991, but it was not until the 1998 tournament that the tournament received official backing from the International Rugby Board (IRB, now World Rugby); by 2009, the IRB had retroactively recognized the 1991 and 1994 tournaments and their champions.

Normally, the tournament is held every four years; it was moved forward in 2017 so that the competition could be held in the year before the Commonwealth Games. The 2021 tournament was postponed to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but still marketed as the 2021 tournament.

Three countries have won the Women's Rugby World Cup since its establishment, with New Zealand having won the tournament a record six times.
First Austrian Republic
The First Austrian Republic (German: Erste Österreichische Republik), officially the Republic of Austria, was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 10 September 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I which ended the Habsburg rump state of Republic of German-Austria—and ended with the establishment of the authoritarian Federal State of Austria based upon a dictatorship of Engelbert Dollfuss and the Fatherland Front in 1934. The Republic's constitution was enacted on 1 October 1920 and amended on 7 December 1929. The republican period was increasingly marked by violent strife between those with left-wing and right-wing views, leading to the July Revolt of 1927 and the Austrian Civil War of 1934.

National Council (Austria)
The National Council (Austrian German: Nationalrat, pronounced [nat͡si̯oˈnaːlˌʁaːt] ⓘ) is one of the two houses of the Austrian Parliament and is frequently referred to as the lower house. The constitution endows the National Council with far more power than the Federal Council.
Danish Union of Bricklayers
The Danish Union of Bricklayers (Danish: Murerforbundet i Danmark, Murer) was a trade union representing bricklayers in Denmark.

The union was founded in 1887, and in 1898 it affiliated to the Danish Confederation of Trade Unions (LO).  It left the LO again in 1912, but rejoined in 1935.

By 1993, employment in the construction industry had declined, and the union had only 13,104 members.  The following year, it merged into the Danish General Workers' Union.

Danish Confederation of Trade Unions
LO, The Danish Confederation of Trade Unions (Danish: LO, Landsorganisationen i Danmark or simply LO) was founded in 1898 and was an umbrella organisation (the largest of the three national trade union centers in Denmark) for 18 Danish trade unions.  At the end of 2018, it merged into the new Danish Trade Union Confederation.
Hampus Ericsson
Hampus Ericsson (born 14 March 2003) is a Swedish racing driver who currently competes in the Lamborghini Super Trofeo North America for Wayne Taylor Racing. He is the younger brother of former Formula One driver and current IndyCar Series driver, Marcus Ericsson.

Mantorp Park
Mantorp Park is a 3.106 km (1.930 mi) motor racing circuit near the town of Mantorp in Mjölby Municipality, Sweden. The circuit was built in 1969 with finance from BP Sweden as a permanent road course and a drag strip. Mantorp Park is capable of four different layouts, but today only the short and long tracks are used.

The European Formula Two Championship visited from 1971 until 1973, and again in 1981 and 1982. Today it mainly hosts club events, dragracing, a driving school and rounds of the Swedish Formula Three Championship and the Swedish Touring Car Championship.

Mantorp Park was the first European drag racing circuit to adopt the new 301.8 m (1000 ft) drag strip format adopted by the NHRA in July 2008.
The Ballad of the Sad Café (play)
The Ballad of the Sad Café is a dramatic stage play with music written by American playwright Edward Albee, based on the 1951 novella of the same name written by Carson McCullers. The play premiered on Broadway at the Martin Beck Theatre in 1963. The play follows a woman named Amelia and her tumultuous relationship with her husband. The play was nominated for six Tony Awards including the Tony Award for Best Play.

Carson McCullers
Carson McCullers (February 19, 1917 – September 29, 1967) was an American novelist, short-story writer, playwright, essayist, and poet. Her first novel, The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (1940), explores the spiritual isolation of misfits and outcasts in a small town of the Southern United States. Her other novels have similar themes. Most are set in the Deep South.

McCullers's work is often described as Southern Gothic and indicative of her Southern roots. Critics also describe her writing and eccentric characters as universal in scope. Her stories have been adapted to stage and film. A stage adaptation of her novel The Member of the Wedding (1946), which captures a young girl's feelings at her brother's wedding, made a successful Broadway run in 1950–51.
Koskela
Koskela (Swedish: Forsby, lit. "rapids village") is a district in the city of Helsinki, Finland. There are about 3,300 inhabitants. The borough is surrounded by Käpylä, Kumpula, Vanhakaupunki, and Oulunkylä. Koskela is located in the subdivision of Vanhankaupungin peruspiiri, near the rapids close to the mouth of the Vantaa River. The earliest mention of the human settlement in Koskela dates back to 1417, which makes it the oldest part of Helsinki.

Koskela can be divided into two distinct areas: the small north side dominated by detached housing and the dense south side with apartment buildings. The streets of Puu-Koskela (wooden Koskela) have been named after municipalities in Uusimaa. Before the recession of the 90s, Koskela had many kiosks and stores. After the financial collapse, only one Alepa remained in the center of the apartment building district.

Uusimaa
Uusimaa (Finnish: [ˈuːsimɑː]; Swedish: Nyland, Finland Swedish: [ˈnyːlɑnd]) is a region of Finland. It borders the regions of Southwest Finland, Kanta-Häme, Päijät-Häme, and Kymenlaakso. Finland's capital and largest city, Helsinki, along with its surrounding metropolitan area, is located in the Uusimaa region, which is Finland's most populous region. Its population is 1,734,000.
Ruyifang station
Ruyifang Station (Chinese: 如意坊站; pinyin: Rúyìfāng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Yùhyífōng Jaahm) is an interchange station between Line 6 and Line 11 of the Guangzhou Metro. It is located underground in the Liwan District of Guangzhou. It started operations on 28 December 2013. The Line 11 station opened on 28 December 2024.

Line 11 (Guangzhou Metro)
Line 11 of the Guangzhou Metro (Chinese: 广州地铁11号线; pinyin: Guǎngzhōu Dìtiě Shíyīhàoxiàn) is a fully automated rapid transit line in Guangzhou. It is a loop line around the city center, connecting Guangzhou railway station, Guangzhou East railway station, Pazhou, and Fangcun. It opened on 28 December 2024, minus Guangzhou Railway Station due to national rail station renovation requirements from China Railways.
DWYS
DWYS (101.1 FM), broadcasting as 101.1 Yes FM, is a radio station owned and operated by MBC Media Group through its licensee Pacific Broadcasting System. It serves as the flagship station of the Yes FM Network. The station's studio is located at the second floor, MMG Building, Star City, V. Sotto St., CCP Complex, Roxas Boulevard, Pasay, and its transmitter is located at the BSA Twin Towers, Bank Drive, Ortigas Center, Mandaluyong, sharing the same site with sister stations 90.7 Love Radio and 96.3 Easy Rock.

As of Q4 2022, 101.1 Yes FM is the 4th-most-listened-to FM radio station in Metro Manila, based on a survey commissioned by Kantar Media Philippines and Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas.

Kantar Media Philippines
Kantar Media Research Philippines (formerly known as Kantar/TNS Philippines, popularly referred to as Kantar Media Philippines or simply Kantar Media) is a market research firm in the Philippines that specializes in broadcast media. Kantar Media is responsible for audience measurement of television ratings across the country. ABS-CBN is the main television partner of Kantar Media Philippines.

As of 2015, Kantar Media employs a nationwide panel of 2,610 urban and rural households, with a respondent base of 7,000 individuals representing one hundred percent (100%) of the total Philippine TV viewing population.

The panel reports on seven sectors, namely National Capital Region, Suburbs, North Luzon, Central Luzon, South Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. The Suburbs consist of four provinces: Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, and Rizal.
Liverpool, Mississippi
Liverpool is a ghost town in Yazoo County, Mississippi, United States.  Liverpool Landing, the settlement's port on the Yazoo River, was located 0.9 mi (1.4 km) west of Liverpool.

Liverpool Road runs through the former settlement, and Mississippi Highway 3 runs between the former settlement and its river landing.

Yazoo River
32°20′8″N 90°53′50″W﻿ / ﻿32.33556°N 90.89722°W﻿ / 32.33556; -90.89722

The Yazoo River is a river primarily in the U.S. state of Mississippi. It marks the eastern boundary of the Mississippi Delta, a broad floodplain that was cultivated for cotton plantations before the American Civil War. It has continued to be devoted to large-scale agriculture.
The Baddest (Froggy Fresh song)
"The Baddest" is a song by the American hip-hop artist Tyler Cassidy, released as his Froggy Fresh character under the character's original "Krispy Kreme" moniker. Released on April 20, 2012, the song was self-written and accompanied by a music video, just as all subsequent songs by Froggy Fresh. Cassidy's debut song as the character, it is included as the first track on the album Money Maker (Re-Loaded).

Money Maker (Reloaded)
Money Maker (Reloaded), alternatively spelled Money Maker (Re-Loaded), is the debut album by American rapper Froggy Fresh, originally released on December 21, 2012. The album was originally titled Money Maker. The album was named for Money Maker Mike. On April 23, 2014, a remastered version of the album was released.
Tom Addington
Raymond Thomas Casamajor Addington MC (27 January 1919 – 28 October 2011) was a British Army soldier who won the Military Cross in the Netherlands in 1944/45 for his bravery as a battery captain with the 13th Honourable Artillery Company (HAC), Royal Horse Artillery (RHA).

Addington was the third son of Raymond Anthony Addington (6th Viscount Sidmouth 1887–1976). He was born in Quetta, India (now in Pakistan), where his father was serving in the 26th King George's Own Light Cavalry at Waziristan.

After retiring from the army in 1949, he became a cattle farmer until his death in 2011, aged 92.

8th Light Cavalry
The 8th Light Cavalry traces its origins from the 8th King George's Own Light Cavalry which was formed in 1922 by the amalgamation of the 26th King George's Own Light Cavalry and the 30th Lancers following a re-organisation of the Indian Cavalry Corps. Both regiments were regular cavalry units that had had long and distinguished records in the British Indian Army prior to their amalgamation. During World War II the regiment was converted into an armoured car unit and served during the Burma campaign. After India gained Independence the regiment was named 8th Light Cavalry.The regiment is the third oldest armoured regiment in India and is amongst the most highly decorated regiments in the country.