hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Doe subpoena
A Doe subpoena is a subpoena that seeks the identity of an unknown defendant to a lawsuit.  Most jurisdictions permit a plaintiff who does not yet know a defendant's identity to file suit against a placeholder defendant, using the name John Doe or Jane Doe.  A plaintiff may then use the tools of the discovery process to seek the defendant's true name and amend the complaint to name the Doe defendant. A Doe subpoena is often served on an online service provider or ISP for the purpose of identifying the author of an anonymous post.

Defendant
In court proceedings, a defendant is a person or object who is the party either accused of committing a crime in criminal prosecution or against whom some type of civil relief is being sought in a civil case.

Terminology varies from one jurisdiction to another. In Scots law, the terms "accused" or "panel" are used instead in criminal proceedings and "defender" in civil proceedings. Another term in use is "respondent".
Hiebert
Hiebert is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Augie Hiebert (1916–2007), American television executive

Christine Hiebert (born 1960), Swiss-born American artist known for her drawing

Cornelius Hiebert (1862–1919), Canadian politician

Elfrieda "Freddy" Hiebert (born 1948), American educational researcher

Erwin N. Hiebert (1919–2012), Canadian-American historian of science

Jake Hiebert (born 1963), Canadian songwriter and musician also known as Big Rude Jake

Paul Hiebert (1932–2007), American missiologist

Paul Hiebert (1892–1987), Canadian writer and humorist

Russ Hiebert (born 1969), Canadian politician

Augie Hiebert
August Gottlob Hiebert (December 4, 1916 – September 13, 2007) was an American television executive.  Hiebert is credited with building Alaska's first television station, KTVA in Anchorage in 1953. He is often called the "father of Alaskan television."
Semantic parsing
Semantic parsing is the task of converting a natural language utterance to a logical form: a machine-understandable representation of its meaning. Semantic parsing can thus be understood as extracting the precise meaning of an utterance. Applications of semantic parsing include machine translation, question answering, ontology induction, automated reasoning, and code generation. The phrase was first used in the 1970s by Yorick Wilks as the basis for machine translation programs working with only semantic representations. Semantic parsing is one of the important tasks in computational linguistics and natural language processing.

Semantic parsing maps text to formal meaning
representations. This contrasts with semantic role
labeling and other
forms of shallow semantic processing, which do
not aim to produce complete formal meanings.
In computer vision, semantic parsing is a process of segmentation for 3D objects.

Yorick Wilks
Yorick Alexander Wilks FBCS (27 October 1939 – 14 April 2023) was a British computer scientist. He was an emeritus professor of artificial intelligence at the University of Sheffield, visiting professor of artificial intelligence at Gresham College (a post created especially for him), senior research fellow at the Oxford Internet Institute, senior scientist at the Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, and  a member of the Epiphany Philosophers.

In February 2023, Wilks joined WiredVibe as Director of AI and a Board Member, with the goal of commercializing his previous research and ideas. He remained in this role until his death, which occurred shortly before WiredVibe was acquired by AKY X, a company that continues to build on his legacy and contributions.
Delwara
Delwara, nestled in the Aravalli Range  hills, is a small town about 28 km away from Udaipur, Mewar (a former state in present-day Rajasthan), and close to Eklingji Temple, on the way to the temple town of Nathdwara, in the state of Rajasthan, India. Delwara was originally known as ‘Devkul Patan Nagri’, which means the town of god. It boasted over 1500 temples at one time, including over 400 Jain temples. Delwara was the center of learning and culture before the 15th century AD.

Aravalli Range
The Aravalli Range (also spelled Aravali) is a mountain range in north-western India. running approximately 670 km (420 mi) in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The highest peak is Guru Shikhar in Mount Abu, Rajasthan at 1,722 m (5,650 ft). The Aravalli Range is the oldest fold-mountain belt in India, dating back to the Paleoproterozoic era.
Kongupatty
Kongupatti (Village ID 636305) is a semi-developed village in Omalur taluk, itself within the Salem district of Tamil Nadu, India. It is 26 kilometres (16 mi) northwest from Salem city. According to the 2011 census it has a population of 10400 living in 2657 households.

Salem, Tamil Nadu
Salem (pronounced [seːlam] ⓘ) is a major tier II city in Salem district, located on the banks of the Thirumanimutharu river in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu surrounded by mountains. Salem is the fifth largest urban agglomeration in the state, and the third largest metropolitan region. The city is 124 km2 (48 sq mi) large.
2021 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
The 2021 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship was the 91st staging of the All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1928. The championship began on 30 June 2021 and ended on 21 August 2021.

The 2021 championship was the first in over 90 years to begin before the previous year's championship had concluded. The number of participating teams also increased, with Down and Meath joining the Leinster Championship. Galway entered the championship as the defending champions in search of a fifth successive title.

The final, the first to be played at Semple Stadium in Thurles in over 30 years, was played on 21 August 2021 between Cork and Galway, in what was their first meeting in a final in four years. Cork won the match by 1-23 to 0-12 to claim their 19th championship title overall and their first title since 2001.

Cork's Jack Leahy was the championship's top scorer with 4-41.

Semple Stadium
FBD Semple Stadium is the home of hurling and Gaelic football for Tipperary GAA and for the province of Munster. Located in Thurles, County Tipperary, it is the second largest GAA stadium in Ireland (after Croke Park), with a capacity of 45,690 and named after Tom Semple, the captain of the Thurles "Blues". He won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship medals in 1900, 1906, and 1908.

The stadium is the leading venue for Munster hurling followers, having hosted the Munster Hurling Final on many memorable occasions.
Leah Gottfried
Leah Gottfried (born April 1991) is an American actress and filmmaker, best known for creating and starring in the web series Soon By You. In 2017, she was featured in The Jewish Week's "36 Under 36", an annual list of influential Jews under age 36.

Monsey, New York
Monsey (English pronunciation: /ˈmʌnsi/ ⓘ, Yiddish: מאנסי, romanized: Monsi) is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Ramapo, Rockland County, New York, United States, north of Airmont, east of Viola, south of New Hempstead, and west of Spring Valley. The village of Kaser is surrounded by the hamlet of Monsey. The 2020 census listed the population at 26,954.

The hamlet has a large, and growing, community of Haredi Jews.
Haasrode, Leuven
The northern part of the former municipality of Haasrode (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦaːsroːdə]) is now a part of the city of Leuven, Belgium. According to the official website of Leuven, Haasrode is a part of the sub-municipality of Heverlee.

In 1977, Haasrode was merged with Oud-Heverlee, Blanden, Vaalbeek and Sint-Joris-Weert to form the municipality of Oud-Heverlee. The northern part of the former municipality of Haasrode was administratively annexed to Leuven. Haasrode Research-Park is located in Leuven's Haasrode.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.
Amsterdam–Rhine Canal
52°9′8″N 5°0′23″E﻿ / ﻿52.15222°N 5.00639°E﻿ / 52.15222; 5.00639

The Amsterdam–Rhine Canal (Dutch: Amsterdam-Rijnkanaal) is a canal in the Netherlands that was built to connect the port and capital city of Amsterdam to the main shipping artery of the Rhine. The canal is 72 km in length, over 100 meters wide and 6 meters deep. Its course follows a generally south-easterly direction as it goes through the city of Utrecht towards Wijk bij Duurstede where it intersects the Lek branch of the Rhine and then continues on to the river Waal near Tiel, with a branch, the Lek Canal, to the Lek near Nieuwegein. The canal is one of the busiest in the world. 91,495 vessels (including 5,541 recreational vessels) sailed through the canal in 2016, carrying a total of 77,172,454 tons of cargo.

Waal (river)
The Waal (Dutch name, pronounced [ʋaːl] ⓘ) is the main distributary branch of the river Rhine flowing approximately 80 km (50 mi) through the Netherlands. It is the major waterway connecting the port of Rotterdam to Germany. Before it reaches Rotterdam, it joins with the Afgedamde Maas near Woudrichem to form the Boven Merwede. Along its length, Nijmegen, Tiel, Zaltbommel and Gorinchem are towns of importance with direct access to the river.

The river, which is the main channel in the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta system, carries 65% of the total flow of the Rhine.
Heath Howard
Heath J. Howard (born May 26, 2000) is an American politician. He currently serves as a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives representing Strafford County District 4, encompassing Strafford and Barrington, for the Democratic Party. He assumed office on December 7, 2022. Howard is currently the Deputy Ranking member of the Executive Departments and Administration.

He is among the youngest state legislators in the United States and one of the few members of Generation Z. serving within the New Hampshire House of Representatives, alongside Valerie McDonnell, a Republican.

Howard launched his campaign for New Hampshire's 1st Congressional District in July 2025. His platform focuses on issues like universal health care, a living wage, tuition-free college, and affordable housing.

Strafford County, New Hampshire
Strafford County is a county in the U.S. state of New Hampshire. As of the 2020 census, the population was 130,889. Its county seat is Dover. Strafford County was one of the five original counties identified for New Hampshire in 1769. It was named after William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford in the mistaken belief that he was the ancestor of governor John Wentworth – although they were distantly related, William had no descendants. The county was organized at Dover in 1771. In 1840, the size of the original county was reduced with the creation of Belknap County.

Strafford County constitutes a portion of the Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as of the greater Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area. It is estimated to be New Hampshire's county with the highest percentage growth over the 2010–2019 period.
Northern Appalachians seismic zone
The Northern Appalachians seismic zone is an active seismic zone in the Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America, extending from New Brunswick southwards into New England and Boston. Both the seismic zone and the resultant Appalachian Mountains were created by the collision of two tectonic plates about 440–480 million years ago during the middle Ordovician Period.

Seismic zone
In seismology, a seismic zone or seismic belt is an area of seismicity potentially sharing a common cause. It can be referred to as an earthquake belt as well. It may also be a region on a map for which a common areal rate of seismicity is assumed for the purpose of calculating probabilistic ground motions. An obsolete definition is a region on a map in which a common level of seismic design is required.
John Thomson (Western Australian politician)
John Thomson (29 May 1865 – 27 February 1947) was an Australian politician. He was the Nationalist member for Claremont in the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 1921 to 1924, becoming an Independent Nationalist in 1924.

Nationalist Party (Australia)
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party  was in government (from 1923 in coalition with the Country Party) until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
American Poet (album)
American Poet is an album of an early solo concert by American rock musician Lou Reed, recorded live at Ultrasonic Recording Studios, Hempstead, New York, on Boxing Day (December 26), 1972  during the Transformer tour. The backing band are the Tots. It features material from The Velvet Underground and Reed's first two 1972 solo albums, debut Lou Reed and Transformer. The version of "Berlin" is the arrangement from that debut album. American Poet was released in 2001. It is an unauthorized release.

The album's cover photo is by Mick Rock, from the same photo shoot as the Transformer cover.

Boxing Day
Boxing Day, also known as Offering Day, is a holiday celebrated on 26 December, the day after Christmas Day. Boxing Day was once a day to donate gifts to those in need, but it has evolved to become a part of Christmas festivities. It originated in the United Kingdom and is celebrated in several Commonwealth nations. The attached bank holiday or public holiday may take place on 27 or 28 December if necessary to ensure it falls on a weekday. Boxing Day is usually concurrent with the Christian festival Saint Stephen's Day.

In parts of Europe, such as east Spain (Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands), the Czech Republic, Germany, Austria, Hungary, the Netherlands, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, Catholic Romania, Sweden, Belgium, Norway, Latvia and the Republic of Ireland, 26 December is Saint Stephen's Day, which is considered the second day of Christmas.
Christine Blundell
Christine Blundell (born October 1961) is a British make-up artist who won an Academy Award in the category of Best Makeup during the 72nd Academy Awards. She won for the film Topsy-Turvy. Her win was shared with Trefor Proud.

She has over 50 credits since her start in 1990 as well as a make-up academy based in London, the Christine Blundell Make-Up Academy (CBMA).

Topsy-Turvy
Topsy-Turvy is a 1999 British musical period drama film written and directed by Mike Leigh, starring Jim Broadbent as W. S. Gilbert and Allan Corduner as Sir Arthur Sullivan, along with Timothy Spall, Lesley Manville and Ron Cook. The story concerns the 15-month period in 1884 and 1885 leading up to the premiere of Gilbert and Sullivan's The Mikado. The work explores the creative conflict between playwright and composer, and depicts their decision to continue their partnership, which led to their creation of several more Savoy operas.

The film received very favourable reviews, film festival awards and two Academy Awards for design. While it is considered an artistic success as an in-depth illustration of British life in the theatre during the Victorian era, the film did not recover its production costs. Leigh cast actors who did their own singing in the film, and the singing performances were faulted by some critics, while others lauded Leigh's strategy.
SQL Access Group
The SQL Access Group (SAG) was a group of software companies that was formed in 1989 to define and promote standards for database portability and interoperability. Initial members were Oracle Corporation, Informix, Ingres, DEC, Tandem, Sun and HP.

The SAG started the development of the SQL Call Level Interface which later was published as an X/Open specification.

In 1992, Microsoft released version 1.0 of ODBC which was based on the X/Open SQL CLI specification.

The SQL Access Group transferred its activities and assets to X/Open in the fourth
quarter of 1994.

Informix Corporation
Informix Corporation, formerly Informix Software, Inc., was a software company located in Menlo Park, California. It was a developer of relational database software for computers using the Unix, Microsoft Windows, and Apple Macintosh operating systems.
Lentinula madagasikarensis
Lentinula madagasikarensis is a species of edible agaric fungus in the family Marasmiaceae that is found in Madagascar. It was described by Buyck, Randrianjohany & Looney in 2021. It is "strikingly" similar to the shiitake mushroom in appearance, but phylogenetic research shows its closest relative is Costa Rican Lentinula aciculospora. It grows on various dead wood in forests dominated by Uapaca densifolia, Sarcolaenaceae and Eucalyptus robusta. Its description expands the known range of Lentinula genus transoceanically and by over 4000 miles (from the Asian locations of shiitake)

Agaric
An agaric (/ˈæɡərɪk, əˈɡærɪk/) is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. It is a type of mushroom (or toadstool), the diverse group of agarics being lumped together as gilled mushrooms. "Agaric" can also refer more generally to any basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body.
Victor Servranckx
Victor Servranckx (26 June 1897 – 11 December 1965) was a Belgian abstract painter and designer.

Servranckx was born in Diegem (Machelen) and studied from 1913 to 1917 at the Brussels Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Brussels. There, in 1916, he met René Magritte, with whom he wrote "Pure Art: A Defence of the Aesthetic" in 1922. Servranckx's style was influenced by cubism, constructivism, and surrealism. He died in Vilvoorde.

Constructivism (art)
Constructivism is an early twentieth-century art movement founded in 1915 by Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko. Abstract and austere, constructivist art aimed to reflect modern industrial society and urban space. The movement rejected decorative stylization in favour of the industrial assemblage of materials. Constructivists were in favour of art for propaganda and social purposes, and were associated with Soviet socialism, the Bolsheviks, and the Russian avant-garde.

Constructivist architecture and art had a great effect on modern art movements of the 20th century, influencing major trends such as the Bauhaus and De Stijl movements. Its influence was widespread, with major effects upon architecture, sculpture, graphic design, industrial design, theatre, film, dance, fashion and, to some extent, music.
Tim Ginter
Timothy E. Ginter (born May 25, 1955) is an American politician and minister who served in the Ohio House of Representatives from 2015 to 2023. A member of the Republican Party, he represented the 5th district, which included all of Columbiana County. Ginter was speaker pro tempore of the house from 2021 to 2023. He has served as a Columbiana County commissioner since 2024.

President pro tempore
A president pro tempore or speaker pro tempore is an officer of a legislative body who presides over the chamber in the absence of the normal presiding officer. The phrase pro tempore is Latin "for the time being".

In Argentina, a similar role is carried by the provisional president of the Argentine Senate in the absence of the vice president of Argentina. By the 1994 amendment to the 1853 Constitution, the vice president is designated as the senate president.
Blackwater Creek Preserve
Blackwater Creek Nature Preserve is a 1,993-acre (807 ha) area of conservation land in northeast Hillsborough County, Florida near Plant City. Hikers can enjoy 6 miles of sunny, grassy hiking trails winding through the open pine flatwoods to an overlook on Blackwater Creek.

Hillsborough County, Florida
Hillsborough County is located in the west-central portion of the U.S. state of Florida. In the 2020 census, the population was 1,459,762, making it the fourth-most populous county in Florida and the most populous county outside the Miami metropolitan area. An estimate in 2021 shows the population of Hillsborough County at 1,512,070 people with a yearly growth rate of 1.34%, which itself is greater than the populations of 12 states according to their 2019 population estimates. Its county seat and largest city is Tampa. Hillsborough County is part of the Tampa–St. Petersburg–Clearwater Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Krestnikovo (settlement), Vladimir Oblast
Krestnikovo (Russian: Крестниково) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Klyazminskoye Rural Settlement, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 272 as of 2010. There are 13 streets.

Kovrovsky District
Kovrovsky District (Russian: Ковро́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the sixteen in Vladimir Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,817 square kilometers (702 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Kovrov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 30,174 (2021 census); 31,477 (2010 census); 31,148 (2002 Census); 30,044 (1989 Soviet census).
Guyonne de Laval
Guyonne de Laval née Renée de Rieux (1524–1567) was a French suo jure countess of Laval 1547–1567.  She, along with Louis, Prince of Condé (1530–1569), Gaspard II de Coligny and François de Coligny d'Andelot are pointed out as one of the instigators of the famous Surprise of Meaux of 1567.

Surprise of Meaux
The surprise of Meaux (La surprise de Meaux) was a failed coup attempt by leading aristocratic Huguenots which precipitated the second French War of Religion. Dissatisfied with their lot, and under the pretext of fear of extermination, Louis, Prince of Condé and Gaspard II de Coligny plotted to seize the king, Charles IX, while he was staying near Meaux. Alerted by the mustering of the Huguenots, the royal court made a dash for Paris, fighting off attempts to break through to them en route. Their plan foiled, the Huguenots laid siege to the city, beginning the second war. The event would be of lasting importance in the reputation it gave its architects for sedition.