hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Canadian Society of Medievalists
Canadian Society of Medievalists (CSM; French: Société canadienne des médiévistes [SCM]) is a Canadian learned society of medievalists "dedicated to promoting excellence in research for all aspects of medieval studies".

In addition to its biannual newsletter, Scrinium, the society publishes Florilegium, "an international, peer-reviewed journal concerned with the study of late Antiquity and the Middle Ages". It holds an annual conference together with other scholarly groups as part of the Congress of the Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences (the "Learneds"), and develops and collaborates on scholarly projects with related associations including the international network of medievalists, CARMEN (the Co-operative for the Advancement of Research through a Medieval European Network).

The society's first president was Margaret Wade Labarge, in 1993.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Kounotori 2
Kounotori 2 (こうのとり2号機, "white stork"), also known as HTV-2, was launched on 22 January 2011 and was the second flight of the Japanese H-II Transfer Vehicle to resupply the International Space Station (ISS). It was launched by the H-IIB Launch Vehicle No. 2 (H-IIB F2) manufactured by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) and JAXA. After the supplies were unloaded, Kounotori 2 was loaded with waste material from ISS, including used experiment equipment and used clothes. Kounotori 2 was then unberthed and separated from the ISS and burned up upon reentering the atmosphere on 30 March 2011.

Nadir
The nadir is the direction pointing directly below a particular location; that is, it is one of two vertical directions at a specified location, orthogonal to a horizontal flat surface.

The direction opposite of the nadir is the zenith.
Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks at the Cannes Film Festival
Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks at the Cannes Film Festival is a live 1963 comedy album by the American comedians Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks, recorded at the Cannes Film Festival. It was the third album released by the pair, and their last recording in 12 years. In 1964 at the 6th Annual Grammy Awards it was nominated for both Best Comedy Performance and Best Album Cover – Other Than Classical.

Characters on the album include the Italian film director "Federico Fetuchini" (inspired by Federico Fellini), the Nazi inspired "Adolph Hartner", and the British Tippy Skittles K.C.V.B.

Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album
The Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album is presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement in comedy." The award was awarded yearly from 1959 to 1993 and then from 2004 to present day.
Three Is a Family
Three Is a Family is a 1944 American comedy film directed by Edward Ludwig and starring Marjorie Reynolds, Charlie Ruggles, and Fay Bainter. It is an adaptation of the hit 1943 play Three's a Family by Henry Ephron and Phoebe Ephron which ran for 497 performances on Broadway. It was distributed by United Artists. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Sound Recording (W. V. Wolfe).

Edward Ludwig
Edward Irving Ludwig (October 7, 1899 – August 20, 1982) was a Russian-born American film director and writer. He directed nearly 100 films between 1921 and 1963 (some under the names Edward I. Luddy and Charles Fuhr).
Chukwuemeka Fred Agbata
Chukwuemeka Fred Agbata Jnr.Listenⓘ (born 10 July 1979) also known as CFA is a Nigerian journalist and a former television presenter at Channels TV. He is into digital marketing and known as a technology entrepreneur with focus on business coaching and public speaking. He hosted the first virtual telehealth conference of Nigeria’s telemedicine company, CareClick with the theme ‘The Future Of Healthcare Today’ on 24 September 2020. He was involved in various ICT-related companies that contributed to the development of the Founder Institute. He is known as the founder of Pacer Venture and has links with Climate Action Africa. He is the MD/CEO of Anambra State ICT Agency.

Enugu (city)
Enugu (/eɪˈnuːɡuː/ ⓘ ay-NOO-goo; Igbo: Enụgwụ) is the capital city of Enugu State in Nigeria. The city had a population of 876,000 (2024 estimate) spread across the three LGAs of Enugu East, Enugu North and Enugu South, according to the 2022 Nigerian census.
Wambai Giwa
Abdullahi Giwa, known as Wambai Giwa, was a Kanoan statesman who held the title of "Wambai" during the reign of Muhammad Nazaki. A man of great wealth and influence, he is remembered by the Kano Chronicle for overseeing the expansion of the Kano walls and for leading Kano's exploits against Katsina through Karaye.

Kingdom of Kano
The Kingdom of Kano was a Hausa kingdom centred on the city of Kano in modern-day northern Nigeria that was established around 1000 CE, and endured until its conquest during the jihad of Usman dan Fodio in 1805. Following this, its dynasty was replaced with a Fulani one subordinate to the Sokoto Caliphate, and the polity continues to exist today as the Kano Emirate Council, a non-sovereign monarchy in Nigeria.
Ernst Däumig
Ernst Friedrich Däumig (25 November 1868 in Merseburg – 4 July 1922 in Berlin) was a German politician, journalist and newspaper editor who became co-chairman of both the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) and Communist Party of Germany (KPD).

Merseburg
Merseburg (German pronunciation: [ˈmɛʁzəbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a town in central Germany in southern Saxony-Anhalt, situated on the river Saale, and approximately 14 km south of Halle (Saale) and 30 km west of Leipzig. It is the capital of the Saalekreis district. It had a diocese founded by Archbishop Adalbert of Magdeburg.
The University of Merseburg is located within the town. Merseburg has around 35,000 inhabitants.
James O. Berger
James Orvis Berger (born April 6, 1950, in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is an American statistician best known for his work on Bayesian statistics and decision theory. He won the COPSS Presidents' Award, one of the two highest awards in statistics, in 1985 at the age of 35. He received a Ph.D. in mathematics from Cornell University in 1974. He was a faculty member in the Department of Statistics at Purdue University until 1997, at which time he moved to the Institute of Statistics and Decision Sciences (now the Department of Statistical Science) at Duke University, where he is currently the Arts and Sciences Professor of Statistics. He was also director of the Statistical and Applied Mathematical Sciences Institute from 2002 to 2010, and has been a visiting professor at the University of Chicago since 2011.
In 2024–25, Berger has been elected as a Hagler Fellow at the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study at Texas A&M University.

Statistical and Applied Mathematical Sciences Institute
Statistical and Applied Mathematical Sciences Institute (SAMSI) was an applied mathematics and statistics research organization based in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.  It was funded by the National Science Foundation, and partnered with Duke University, North Carolina State University, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and the National Institute of Statistical Sciences.

SAMSI was founded in 2002.  In 2012, the National Science Foundation renewed SAMSI's funding for an additional five years.  SAMSI offered programs in bioinformatics and statistical ecology in 2014–15. SAMSI closed its doors in August 2021, after 19 years of work.
Chronicle of Alfonso III
The Chronicle of Alfonso III (Latin: Chronica Adefonsi tertii regis) is a chronicle composed in the early tenth century on the order of King Alfonso III of León with the goal of showing the continuity between Visigothic Spain and the later Christian medieval Spain.  Intended as a continuation of Isidore of Seville's history of the Goths, it is written in a late form of Latin and outlines a history of the period from the Visigothic King Wamba through that of King Ordoño I. The Chronicle exists in two somewhat different recensions: the earlier Cronica Rotensis, and the later Cronica ad Sebastianum, which includes additional details furthering the ideological goals of the chronicle.

Wamba (king)
Wamba (Medieval Latin: VVamba, Vamba, Wamba; c. 630 – 687/688) was the king of the Visigoths from 672 to 680. During his reign, the Visigothic kingdom encompassed all of Hispania and part of southern Gaul known as Septimania.

According to Herwig Wolfram, Wamba means "big paunch" in Gothic (like German: "Wampe", cognate to English "womb") and may have been a nickname. Both Julian of Toledo in his Historia Wambae (History of Wamba) and the decisions of the eleventh Council of Toledo, held under Wamba's auspices, refer to the king only as Wamba.
DKW Munga
The DKW Munga is a DKW-branded 4WD off-road vehicle that was built by Auto-Union in Ingolstadt, (West) Germany from 1956 to 1968. When German authorities inquired in 1953 about vehicles for border police and the possible future Army that was founded on 12 November 1955, DKW developed the car based on the Two-stroke engine DKW 3=6 car and DKW Schnellaster van, and won the tender over so-called Jagdwagen (hunter's cars) like Goliath Typ 31 and Porsche 597.

The name Munga abbreviates the German description Mehrzweck Universal Geländewagen mit Allradantrieb, which translates as "multi-purpose universal off-road car with all-wheel drive" In addition, the name is similar to Mungo, German for Mongoose, and predates the Volkswagen Iltis Typ 183 named after the European polecat.

Goliath (company)
Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. was a German car manufacturer started by Carl F. W. Borgward and Wilhelm Tecklenborg in 1928, and was part of the Borgward group. Goliath was based in Bremen and specialized in three-wheeler cars and trucks and medium-sized cars. Their vehicles were sold under the Goliath brand.
Chantranith Ros
Chantranith Ros (born 1955) is a Cambodian-born French former tennis player.

Born in Kampot, Chantranith held dual nationality with France and fled to the European country in 1975, as the Khmer Rouge took control of his homeland.

In the late 1970s he made main draw appearances at the French Open as a doubles player. His best performance was a second round appearance in mixed doubles at the 1979 French Open.

Kampot
Kampot (Khmer: ក្រុងកំពត) is a city in southern Cambodia and the capital of Kampot province. It is situated on the Praek Tuek Chhu River, southeast of the Elephant Mountains, and around five kilometres (three miles) from the Gulf of Thailand. Kampot was the capital of the Circonscription Résidentielle de Kampot under French rule and Cambodia's most important seaport after the loss of the Mekong Delta and before the establishment of Sihanoukville. Its center is, unlike most Cambodian provincial capitals, composed of 19th-century French colonial architecture. The region and town are known for high-quality pepper, which is exported worldwide. It is also known for its fish sauce, sea salt, and durian. The government and the Ministry of Culture and Fine Art have been preparing documents to nominate the Old Town of Kampot for admission to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list (along with the Old Town of Battambang and the Old Town of Kratie), since 2017.
New Zealand Cat Fancy
The New Zealand Cat Fancy (NZCF) is a cat registry in New Zealand. It is a member of the World Cat Congress and has 21 affiliated clubs.

The NZCF lists 55 breeds of purebred cat on its website. It promotes cat shows and holds an annual national cat show. It was the first cat registry to admit polydactyl Maine Coons to competition, in December 2008. The NZCF also publishes a quarterly magazine called Flash Cats.

Cat show
A cat show is a judged event where the owners of cats compete to win titles in various cat registering organizations by entering their cats to be judged after a breed standard. Both pedigreed and companion (or moggy) cats are admissible, although the rules differ from organization to organization. Cats are compared to a breed standard, and the owners of those judged to be closest to it are awarded a prize. Moggys are judged based on their temperament. Often, at the end of the year, all of the points accrued at various shows are added up and more national and regional titles are awarded.
Radical of an integer
In number theory, the radical of a positive integer n is defined as the product of the distinct prime numbers dividing n. Each prime factor of n occurs exactly once as a factor of this product:

The radical plays a central role in the statement of the abc conjecture.

On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (OEIS) is an online database of integer sequences. It was created and maintained by Neil Sloane while researching at AT&T Labs. He transferred the intellectual property and hosting of the OEIS to the OEIS Foundation in 2009, and is its chairman.

OEIS records information on integer sequences of interest to both professional and amateur mathematicians, and is widely cited. As of November 2025, it contains over 390,000 sequences, and is growing by approximately 30 entries per day.

Each entry contains the leading terms of the sequence, keywords, mathematical motivations, literature links, and more, including the option to generate a graph or play a musical representation of the sequence. The database is searchable by keyword, by subsequence, or by any of 16 fields. There is also an advanced search function called SuperSeeker which runs a large number of different algorithms to identify sequences related to the input.
Neil Hawkins Park
31°44′38″S 115°46′42″E﻿ / ﻿31.743757°S 115.778290°E﻿ / -31.743757; 115.778290

Neil Hawkins Park is a park located in Joondalup, Western Australia. It is beside Lake Joondalup, and part of the Yellagonga Regional Park.

The park was named for Neil Campbell Hawkins CBE JP, a chairman of the former Metropolitan Regional Planning Authority.

The Yaberoo Budjara Heritage Trail between Neil Hawkins Park and Loch McNess (in Yanchep National Park) follows an ancient Indigenous Australian migration route along a chain of lakes and swamps.

Lake Joondalup
Lake Joondalup is a freshwater lake in Perth, Western Australia. It is in the Perth northern suburbs of Joondalup, Wanneroo, and Edgewater. It is a nature reserve and part of the Yellagonga Regional Park.
Francisco Claver
Francisco Funaay Claver, S.J. (20 January 1926 – 1 July 2010) was a Filipino Jesuit, cultural anthropologist and human rights activist. As a Roman Catholic prelate, he is renowned for his writings on ecclesiology and social justice, and his efforts to institutionalize Vatican II reforms in the Philippine Catholic Church. As a human rights activist, Claver was one of the most persistent critics of the Marcos dictatorship among Philippine Catholic Church leaders. Claver was at the forefront of civil society groups that opposed the Marcos regime's World Bank-funded Chico River Dam project, which would have caused the displacement of Indigenous peoples living in the area. He was also responsible for drafting the 1986 Philippine bishops' statement, which was considered a key moment in the People Power Revolution that overthrew the Marcos dictatorship. Claver is considered one of the "intellectual minds" in the ranks of the bishops of the Catholic Church in Asia.

Igorot people
The indigenous peoples of the Cordillera in northern Luzon, Philippines, often referred to by the exonym Igorot people, or more recently, as the Cordilleran peoples, are an ethnic group composed of 9 main ethnolinguistic groups whose domains are in the Cordillera Mountain Range, altogether numbering about 1.8 million people in the early 21st century.

Their languages belong to the northern Luzon subgroup of Philippine languages, which in turn belongs to the Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) family. A 2014 genetic study has found that the Kankanaey (an Igorot subgroup from Mountain Province), and by extension other indigenous Cordillera groups, descend almost entirely from the ancient Austronesian expansion originating in Taiwan around 3000-2000 BCE
Skurup Municipality
Skurup Municipality (Swedish: Skurups kommun) is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. Its seat is located in the town Skurup. It is considered part of Greater Malmö by Statistics Sweden.

The present municipality was formed in 1971 when the market town (köping) of Skurup was merged with Rydsgård and Vemmenhög.

Municipalities of Sweden
The municipalities of Sweden (Swedish: Sveriges kommuner) are its generally smaller but co-equal local government entities. There are 290 municipalities which are responsible for a large proportion of local services, including schools, emergency services and physical planning.
TRNA (cytidine56-2'-O)-methyltransferase
tRNA (cytidine56-2'-O)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.206, aTrm56, tRNA ribose 2'-O-methyltransferase aTrm56, PAB1040 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA (cytidine56-2'-O)-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cytidine56 in tRNA  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2'-O-methylcytidine56 in tRNA

The archaeal enzyme specifically catalyses the S-adenosyl-L-methionine dependent 2'-O-ribose methylation of cytidine at position 56 in tRNA transcripts.

Cytidine
Cytidine (symbol C or Cyd) is a nucleoside molecule that is formed when cytosine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. Cytidine is a component of RNA. It is a white water-soluble solid that is only slightly soluble in ethanol.
Wisconsin Highway 124
State Trunk Highway 124 (often called Highway 124, STH-124 or WIS 124) is a state highway in the US state of Wisconsin. It runs in north–south in west central Wisconsin from Lake Hallie to near Eagleton, in the Town of Eagle Point. The entire length of the highway is in Chippewa County. It previously extended into Eau Claire County, but the Eau Claire County section was renumbered WIS 312 as part of the US Highway 53 (US 53) bypass project in 2006.

Eau Claire County, Wisconsin
Eau Claire County (/oʊˈklɛər/ ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,710. Its county seat is Eau Claire. The county took its name from the Eau Claire River.

Eau Claire County is included in the Eau Claire, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Eau Claire-Menomonie WI Combined Statistical Area.
Chris Fisk
Christopher Fisk (born c. 1977) is an American college football coach for Portland State. He was previously the head football coach for Central Washington University, a position he held from 2019 until 2025. He previously coached for Mary and Southern Oregon. He played college football for Jamestown and Southwestern (KS).

Mary Marauders
The Marauders are the athletic teams that represent the University of Mary, located in Bismarck, North Dakota, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Marauders compete as members of the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference for all 16 varsity sports . The University also is home to an ACHA men's hockey team. As of November 11, 2019, the University of Mary has discontinued their men's soccer program after 25 seasons of playing in the Great Northwest Athletic Conference.
Federal Correctional Institution, Hazelton
The Federal Correctional Institution, Hazelton (FCI Hazelton) is a medium-security United States federal prison for male inmates, as well as a secure facility for female inmates, located in unincorporated Preston County, West Virginia. It is the newest facility in the federal prison system and is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice. The New York Times notes that its nickname is "Misery Mountain".

The Federal Correctional Complex (FCC) Hazelton has two prisons, physically adjacent but distinct:  FCI Hazelton and the high-security United States Penitentiary, Hazelton constructed in 2004.  Both are operated by the FBOP.

Federal prison
A federal prison is operated under the jurisdiction of a federal government as opposed to a state or provincial body. Federal prisons are used for people who violated federal law (U.S., Mexico), people considered dangerous (Brazil), or those sentenced to longer terms of imprisonment (Canada). Not all federated countries have a legal concept of "federal prison".
SS Sackett's Harbor
SS Sackett's Harbor was a T2 tanker that was built in August 1943. She served in the United States Merchant Marine during World War II. The ship was a namesake of Sackets Harbor, New York.

Sackett's Harbor survived the war basically unscathed but on 1 March 1946 she was sailing between Yokosuka and Balboa when she broke in half about 800 miles southwest of Adak, Alaska.  The bow of the ship was sunk but the stern continued to float. The stern section was able to get to Adak under her own power. The only reported fatalities were two cats.

Yokosuka
Yokosuka (横須賀市, Yokosuka-shi; pronounced [jokosɯ̥ka]) is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.

As of February 2024, the city has a population of 373,797, and a population density of 3,708 inhabitants per square kilometre (9,600/sq mi). The total area is 100.7 km2 (38.9 sq mi). Yokosuka is the 11th-most populous city in the Greater Tokyo Area, and the 12th in the Kantō region. The city is home to United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka.
Tassift
Tassift is a small town and rural commune in Chefchaouen Province, Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 8319 people living in 1193 households.

Tangier-Tétouan-Al Hoceima
Tangier-Tétouan-Al Hoceima (Arabic: طنجة - تطوان - الحسيمة, romanized: ṭanja - tiṭwān - al-ḥusayma) is the northernmost of the twelve regions of Morocco. It covers an area of 15,090 km2 and recorded a population of 4,030,222 in the 2024 Moroccan census. The capital of the region is Tangier.
FIFA 11
FIFA 11, titled FIFA Soccer 11 in North America, is a football simulation video game developed by EA Canada and published by Electronic Arts worldwide under the EA Sports label. It was released on 28 September 2010 in North America, 30 September 2010 in Australia, and 1 October 2010 in Europe for all platforms, except the Wii and Nintendo DS. The Wii version was released on 1 October 2010 in North America and Europe and the DS version on 8 October 2010. The Windows version of FIFA 11 is the first in the series to use the same game engine as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions. The game received positive reviews and was awarded 'Sports Game of the Year' at the Golden Joystick Awards after a record-breaking 2.05 million votes. This was the last FIFA title to be released for the Nintendo DS.

Golden Joystick Awards
The Golden Joystick Awards, also known as the People's Gaming Awards, is a video game award ceremony; it awards the best video games of the year. Although originally solely voted for by the British public, it is now a global event that is voted for online by millions of fans worldwide via GamesRadar+. Launched in 1983, the Golden Joystick Awards is the longest-running and one of the biggest public-voted video game award shows.

The awards were initially focused on computer games, but were extended to include console games. The ceremony is not directly related to the golden joystick prize given away to successful contestants on GamesMaster, a British television show, but both properties belong to Future plc.