hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Filtered Rayleigh scattering
Filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS) is a diagnostic technique which measures velocity, temperature, and pressure by determining Doppler shift, total intensity, and spectral line shape of laser induced Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.
Founder BEA Trust
Founder BEA Trust Co., Ltd. is a Chinese trust company, formerly known as Wuhan International Trust and Investment Corporation (WITIC; Chinese: 武汉国际信托投资公司). Founder BEA Trust was a subsidiary of Founder Group for 70.01% stake, with Bank of East Asia owned 19.99%. The third largest shareholder was Wuhan Financial Holdings Group, a company owned by Wuhan Municipal People's Government, for 10% stake. However, in 2016 Wuhan Financial Holdings Group acquired 57.51% stake from Founder Group. An additional 12.5% stake sold by Founder Group to their associate company China Hi-Tech Group (SSE: 600730) was still pending the approval from China Banking Regulatory Commission, according to the third quarterly report of China Hi-Tech Group in 2016.

It was set up in the 1980s by the Chinese government to function as the largest investment bank in Central China.

China Banking Regulatory Commission
The China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) was an agency of the People's Republic of China (PRC) authorised by the State Council to regulate the banking sector of the PRC except the territories of Hong Kong and Macau, both of which are special administrative regions.
Andrea Zemanová
Andrea Zemanová (born (1993-01-17)17 January 1993 in Vrchlabí) is a Czech freestyle skier, specializing in ski cross and alpine skier.

Zemanová competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for the Czech Republic. She placed 20th in the seeding run for the ski cross event. In the first round, she finished third in her heat and did not advance.

As of September 2015, her best result at the Alpine World Championships is 32nd place in the 2011 Super-G. Her best result at the Freestyle World Championships is 14th, in the 2015 ski cross.

Zemanová made her Freestyle World Cup debut in December 2013. As of September 2015, she has one World Cup podium finish, a silver at Åre during the 2014–15 season. Her best overall finish in the Freestyle World Cup for ski cross is 11th place, achieved in the 2014–15.

Zemanová made her Alpine World Cup debut in December 2010. As of September 2015, she has yet to finish an Alpine World Cup race.

FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2015
The 2015 FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships were held in Kreischberg, Austria from January 15–25, 2015. In 2014, the FIS (International Ski Federation) decided to merge the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships with the FIS Snowboarding World Championships starting with these championships. The Austrian municipality of Kreischberg was awarded the event in 2010.

Qualification for the women's aerials event began a day before the opening ceremony. Freestyle skiers competed in six disciplines: moguls, dual moguls, ski cross, slopestyle, halfpipe and aerials. Snowboarders competed in six disciplines: halfpipe, slopestyle, parallel slalom, parallel giant slalom, big air and snowboard cross.
Michel Arrignon
Michel Arrignon (French: [miʃɛl aʁiɲɔ̃]; 1948 – 12 March 2025) was a French clarinetist and professor of clarinet at the Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique de Paris and at the Reina Sofía School of Music in Madrid.

Reina Sofía School of Music
The Reina Sofía School of Music (Spanish: Escuela Superior de Música Reina Sofía) is a private music school founded in Madrid, Spain. It was founded in 1991 by Paloma O'Shea and forms part of the Albéniz Foundation. The school is named after its honorary president, Queen Sofía of Spain.
Cookhouse, South Africa
Cookhouse (Afrikaans: Kookhuis) is a small village located in Eastern Cape province, South Africa, some 170 kilometres (110 mi) north of Port Elizabeth and 24 kilometres (15 mi) east of KwaNojoli, on the west bank of the Great Fish River.

Cookhouse is part of the Blue Crane Route Municipality, situated in Sarah Baartman District, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Cookhouse was an early colonial settlement. The Scottish abolitionist and poet, Thomas Pringle mentions Cookhouse in his journal. The town was also visited by early explorers and writers such as Dutch military commander Robert Jacob Gordon and French traveller François Levaillant. Gordon's stay in South Africa produced scientific writings, drawings and maps about the region.

The town is home to the Cookhouse Wind Farm which comprises 66 turbines. The farm became operational in November 2014 and supplies clean energy to the Eskom grid.

François Levaillant
François Levaillant (born Vaillant, later in life as Le Vaillant, "The Valiant") (6 August 1753 – 22 November 1824) was a French writer, explorer, naturalist, zoological collector, travel writer, and noted ornithologist. He described many new species of birds based on birds he collected in Africa and several birds are named after him. He was among the first to use colour plates for illustrating birds and opposed the use of binomial nomenclature introduced by Carl Linnaeus, preferring instead to use descriptive French names such as the bateleur (meaning "tumbler or tight-rope walker") for the distinctive African eagle.
Lerato Mbele
Lerato Mbele is a South African journalist and broadcaster working for the BBC. Mbele currently presents Talking Business Africa for the network. She previously presented the Africa Business Report and Newsday.

Soweto
Soweto (/səˈwɛtoʊ, -ˈweɪt-, -ˈwiːt-/) is a township of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality in Gauteng, South Africa, bordering the city's mining belt in the south. Its name is an English syllabic abbreviation for South Western Townships. Formerly a separate municipality, it is now incorporated in the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality since 2002 and is one of the suburbs of Johannesburg.
Lake Wānaka
Lake Wānaka is New Zealand's fourth-largest lake and the seat of the town of Wānaka in the Otago region. The lake is 300 meters above sea level, covers about 198 km2 (76 sq mi), and is more than 300 m (980 ft) deep.

"Wānaka" is the South Island Māori dialect pronunciation of wānanga, which means "the lore of the tohunga or priest" or a place of learning.

Queenstown, New Zealand
Queenstown (Māori: Tāhuna) is a resort town in Otago in the south-west of New Zealand's South Island. It is the seat and largest town in the Queenstown-Lakes District.

The town is on the northwestern edge of Lake Wakatipu, a long, thin, S-shaped lake formed by glacial processes, and has views of nearby mountains such as The Remarkables, Cecil Peak, Walter Peak and, just above the town, Ben Lomond and Queenstown Hill. Queenstown is known for its tourism businesses, especially adventure and ski tourism.
Allan Amin
Allan Amin is an action director in India's Bollywood, Tollywood and Mollywood film industries. He received the Filmfare Award for Best Action in 2001, 2004 and 2006 for Mission Kashmir (2000), Qayamat: City Under Threat (2003) and Dus (2005). He was also nominated by Flimfare Award for Best action in 2018 for the movie Jagga Jasoos (2017).

Filmfare Award for Best Action
The Filmfare Best Action Award is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films.

Although the overall awards started in 1954, the award in this category started in 1993.
The Other Tom
The Other Tom (Spanish: El otro Tom) is a 2021 English-language Mexican drama film written, co-produced and directed by Rodrigo Plá and Laura Santullo.

The film premiered at the 78th edition of the Venice Film Festival, in the Horizons competition.

The film was also screened at the 46th Toronto International Film Festival and at the 2021 Warsaw Film Festival, where Plá
and Santullo won the award for best director.

Warsaw Film Festival
Warsaw Film Festival (Polish: Warszawski Festiwal Filmowy; WFF), also known as Warsaw International Film Festival, is an annual international film festival held every October in Warsaw, Poland.

The 40th edition of the festival took place from 11 to 20 October 2024. The 41st edition of the festival took place from 10 to 19 October 2025, and showcases 112 features and 56 shorts.
Maria of Montferrat
Maria of Montferrat (French: Marie; 1192–1212), known as la Marquise, was the queen of Jerusalem who reigned from 1205 until 1212. She was the eldest daughter of Queen Isabella I and was born posthumously to Isabella's second husband, Marquis Conrad of Montferrat. She succeeded her mother as a minor under the regency of her half-uncle John of Ibelin. A search for a husband who would rule in her name began immediately, but an initial attempt to arrange a marriage with King Peter II of Aragon failed. In 1210 Maria married John of Brienne, who had been selected for her, and was crowned alongside him. John of Brienne took over the government from John of Ibelin and Maria consented to his acts as king. She died shortly after giving birth to her only child, Isabella II, who succeeded her as queen under King John's guardianship.

Posthumous birth
A posthumous birth is the birth of a child after the death of a parent. A person born in these circumstances is called a posthumous child or a posthumously born person. Most instances of posthumous birth involve the birth of a child after the death of their father, but the term is also applied to infants delivered shortly after the death of the mother, usually by caesarean section.
Chevandré van Schoor
Chevandré Conwin van Schoor (born (1992-09-28)28 September 1992 in Paarl, South Africa) is a South African rugby union player, who most recently played first class rugby with Western Province. He can play as a centre or a winger.

Winger (sports)
In certain sports, such as football, field hockey, ice hockey, handball, rugby union, lacrosse and rugby league, winger is a position. It refers to positions on the extreme left and right sides of the pitch, or playing field (the "wings"). In American football and Canadian football, the analogous position is the wide receiver. Wingers often try to use pace to exploit extra space available on the flanks that can be made available by their teammates dominating the centre ground. They must be wary however of not crossing the touchline, or sidelines, and going out of play. In sports where the main method of scoring involves attacking a small goal (by whatever name) in the centre of the field, a common tactic is to cross the ball to a central teammate.
Lumisterol
Lumisterol is a compound that is part of the vitamin D family of steroid compounds. It is the (9β,10α) stereoisomer of ergosterol and was produced as a photochemical by-product in the preparation of vitamin D1, which was a mixture of vitamin D2 and lumisterol. Vitamin D2 can be formed from lumisterol by an electrocyclic ring opening and subsequent sigmatropic [1,7] hydride shift.

Lumisterol has an analog based on 7-dehydrocholesterol, known as lumisterol 3.

Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.

Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Examples include the lipid cholesterol, sex hormones estradiol and testosterone,: 10–19  anabolic steroids, and the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid drug dexamethasone. Hundreds of steroids are found in fungi, plants, and animals. All steroids are manufactured in cells from a sterol: cholesterol (animals), lanosterol (opisthokonts), or cycloartenol (plants). All three of these molecules are produced via cyclization of the triterpene squalene.
Peter I, Count of Saint-Pol
Peter of Luxembourg (Luxembourgish: Péiter vu Lëtzebuerg,  French: Pierre du Luxembourg, German: Peter von Luxemburg, Dutch: Petrus van Luxemburg, Italian: Pietro del Lussemburgo; 1390 – 31 August 1433) was count of Saint-Pol. His inheritance included the counties of Brienne, Conversano and Saint-Pol.

Conversano
Conversano (Barese: Cunverséne) is an ancient town and comune in the  Metropolitan City of Bari, Apulia, south-eastern Italy. It is 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Bari and 7 kilometres (4 mi) from the Adriatic coast, at 219 metres (719 ft) above sea level.

The counts of Conversano owned a stud that they used to breed black Neapolitan stallions with Barb and Andalusian genetic backgrounds: these horses had strong ram-like heads, short backs, and broad hocks. One horse born in 1767, Conversano,  became one of the principal stallions for establishing the Lipizzan horses (Lipizzaner).
James McDonogh
James John Murphy McDonogh (13 April 1871 – 26 January 1912) was an Irish first-class cricketer.

McDonogh was born at Killarney in County Kerry in April 1871. His debut in first-class cricket came in New Zealand for the North Island against a touring New South Wales team at Wellington in February 1894. His next appearances in first-class cricket came nearly a decade later in British India, when he played two matches for the Europeans against the Parsees in 1903. Emigrating to the United States, McDonogh later played three first-class matches for the Gentlemen of Philadelphia against Jamaica during their 1908–09 tour of Jamaica. Across six first-class matches, McDonogh scored 203 runs at an average of 18.45, with a highest score of 86. This score, one of two half-centuries he made, came for the Gentlemen of Philadelphia against Jamaica. With the ball, he took 10 wickets at a bowling average of 25.70, with best innings figures of 4/53. He died at Philadelphia in January 1912.

Jamaica national cricket team
The Jamaica national cricket team is the representative cricket team of Jamaica. The team competes under the franchise name, Jamaica Scorpions in the Cricket West Indies' Professional Cricket League which comprises both the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50.  Jamaica has won a sum of 12 regional first class and 9 regional one day titles. Hence the Scorpions have won the second most first class and 50 over championships in the history of West Indies cricket.

The most prominent Jamaican cricketers include George Headley, Allan Rae, Alf Valentine, Collie Smith, Lawrence Rowe, Michael Holding, Jeff Dujon, Courtney Walsh, Patrick Patterson, Jimmy Adams, Chris Gayle, Marlon Samuels, Jerome Taylor, Nikita Miller and Gareth Breese.
Ralph Norman Bauer
Ralph Norman Bauer, sometimes known as R. Norman Bauer  (May 1899 - March 13, 1963), was a lawyer from Franklin in St. Mary Parish, Louisiana, who served as a Democratic member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1928 to 1936 and again from 1940 to 1948. During his last two terms, Bauer was the Speaker of the chamber, having served in that capacity under the administrations of Governors Sam Houston Jones and Jimmie Davis.

Louisiana House of Representatives
The Louisiana House of Representatives (French: Chambre des Représentants de Louisiane; Spanish: Cámara de Representantes de Luisiana) is the lower house in the Louisiana State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Louisiana. This chamber is composed of 105 representatives, each of whom represents approximately 42,500 people (2000 figures). Members serve four-year terms with a term limit of three terms (twelve years). The House is one of the five state legislative lower houses that has a four-year term, as opposed to the near-universal two-year term.

The House convenes at the State Capitol in Baton Rouge.
Armen Takhtajan
Armen Leonovich Takhtajan or Takhtajian (Armenian: Արմեն Լևոնի Թախտաջյան; Russian: Армен Леонович Тахтаджян; pronounced takh-tuh-JAHN; 10 June 1910 – 13 November 2009), was a Soviet-Armenian botanist, one of the most important figures in 20th century plant evolution and systematics and biogeography. His other interests included morphology of flowering plants, paleobotany, and the flora of the Caucasus. He was one of the most influential taxonomists of the latter twentieth century.

Walter Max Zimmermann
Walter Max Zimmermann (May 9, 1892 – June 30, 1980) was a German botanist and systematist. Zimmermann’s notions of classifying life objectively based on phylogenetic methods and on evolutionarily important characters were foundational for modern phylogenetics. Though they were later implemented by Willi Hennig in his fundamental work on phylogenetic systematics, Zimmermann's contributions to this field have largely been overlooked. Zimmermann also made several significant developments in the field of plant systematics such as the discovery of the telome theory. The standard botanical author abbreviation W.Zimm. is applied to species he described.
Journal of Multimedia
The Journal of Multimedia was a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Academy Publisher. It covered the study of multimedia algorithms and applications, information retrieval, artificial intelligence, multimedia compression, statistical inference, network theory, and other related topics. The editor-in-chief was Jiebo Luo (University of Rochester).

Statistical inference
Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to infer properties of an underlying probability distribution. Inferential statistical analysis infers properties of a population, for example by testing hypotheses and deriving estimates. It is assumed that the observed data set is sampled from a larger population.

Inferential statistics can be contrasted with descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics is solely concerned with properties of the observed data, and it does not rest on the assumption that the data come from a larger population. In machine learning, the term inference is sometimes used instead to mean "make a prediction, by evaluating an already trained model"; in this context inferring properties of the model is referred to as training or learning (rather than inference), and using a model for prediction is referred to as inference (instead of prediction); see also predictive inference.
Paraguay at the South American Games
Paraguay  was one of the founding members of the South American Games participating in the very first edition held in La Paz, Bolivia in 1978.

Paraguay is represented by the Paraguayan Olympic Committee and have host this event once in 2022 in the city of Asunción.

Paraguayan Olympic Committee
The Paraguayan Olympic Committee (Spanish: Comité Olímpico Paraguayo, COP) (IOC Code: PAR) is the National Olympic Committee representing Paraguayan athletes in the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Pan American Games. It was created and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1970. It is based in Luque, Paraguay, in the Greater Asuncion area.
Pisky, Lviv Raion, Lviv Oblast
Pisky (Ukrainian: Піски) is a village located in Lviv Raion (district) of Lviv Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. It belongs to Velykyi Liubin settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Pisky belonged to Horodok Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Horodok Raion was merged into Lviv Raion.

The name in Ukrainian can be interpreted literally as "the Sands".

The recent estimated population is 56.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Itu, Nigeria
Itu is located in the South South of Nigeria and is a Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The Local Government Area occupies a landmass of approximately 200 square kilometers. It is bounded in the North and North-East by Odukpani in Cross River State and Arochukwu in Abia State, in the West by Ibiono Ibom and Ikono Local Government Areas, in the South and southeast by Uyo and Uruan Local Government Areas, respectively.

Odukpani
Odukpani is a Local Government Area (LGA) in Cross River State, South-South Nigeria. It lies between latitude 5°4'52.46''N and longitude 8°20'59.7''E and has an elevation approximately 413 ft. It shares a boundary with Calabar (the state capital) and is largely populated by the Efik people.

President Olusegun Obasanjo announced in March 2006 that a 561 megawatt gas turbine power station was to be opened at Ikot Nyong in the LGA.
In April 2008, the House Committee on Power and Steel was investigating the power station project, which was only 30% complete and eight months behind schedule, although the contractor had been fully paid.

Settlements in Odukpani include, Akpap Okoyong, Eki, Eniong Abatim, Ito, Idere, Ukwa Ibom, Creek Town, Inuakpa Okoyong, Okurikang. The LGA has approximately a population of 257,800 persons.

The paramount ruler of Odukpani local government area is His Royal Majesty, Etinyin Otu Asuquo Otu Mesembe VI.
John, son of Uros
John, son of Uros (or Janus, Hungarian: Uros fia János; died after 1116) was a Hungarian lord in the early 12th century, who served as Palatine of Hungary at least from 1108 to 1116, during the reigns of Coloman and Stephen II.

Chronicon Pictum
The Chronicon Pictum or Illuminated Chronicle (Hungarian: Képes Krónika, Slovak: Obrázková kronika, German: Ungarische Bilderchronik, also referred to as the Illustrated Chronicle, Chronica Hungarorum, Chronicon Hungarie Pictum, Chronica Picta or Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum) is a medieval illustrated chronicle from the Kingdom of Hungary from the 14th century. It represents the artistic style of the royal court of King Louis I of Hungary. The codex is a unique source of art, medieval and cultural history.

The chronicle's full name is: Chronicon Pictum – Marci de Kalt Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum (Illustrated Chronicle – Mark of Kalt's Chronicle About the Deeds of the Hungarians).