hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Devastation Channel
Devastation Channel is a channel in the North Coast region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It lies between Hawkesbury Island and the mainland. It was named in 1863 by Captain Daniel Pender after the H.M. paddle-sloop Devastation. It was first charted in 1793 by Joseph Whidbey, master of the Discovery during George Vancouver's 1791-95 expedition.

HMS Discovery (1789)
HMS Discovery was a Royal Navy ship launched in 1789 and best known as the lead ship in George Vancouver's exploration of the west coast of North America in his famous 1791-1795 expedition. She was converted to a bomb vessel in 1798 and participated in the Battle of Copenhagen. Thereafter she served as a hospital ship and later as a prison hulk until 1831. She was broken up in 1834.
Kopanino, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kopanino [kɔpaˈninɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubicz, within Toruń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

In 2004 the village had a population of 180.

Toruń County
Toruń County (Polish: powiat toruński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It was created on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Toruń, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only town in Toruń County is Chełmża, which lies nineteen kilometers (twelve miles) north of Toruń.

The county covers an area of 1,229.71 square kilometres (474.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 107,641, out of which the population of Chełmża is 14,503  and the rural population is 93,138.
Cottonera dialect
One of the dialects of the Maltese language is the Cottonera dialect, known to locals as Kottoneran. Many inhabitants of the Three Cities speak the local dialect, and thus roughly amount to 10,000 speakers.

The most distinctive feature of this dialect is its treatment of vowels i and u after the silent consonant għ. In Standard Maltese, and other dialects, these vowels are realized as diphthongs after għ.  However, in most situations, they remain monophthongs in the Cottonera dialect.

Monophthong
A monophthong (/ˈmɒnəfθɒŋ/, MON-əf-thong) is a vowel sound characterized by a relatively stable articulatory configuration throughout its duration. During the production of a monophthong, the tongue does not undergo significant vertical (height) or horizontal (front–back) movement toward a different position of articulation. For this reason, monophthongs are commonly referred to as pure vowels.

Monophthongs are contrasted with diphthongs, in which vowel quality changes (or glides) within a single syllable, and with hiatus, in which two adjacent vowel sounds belong to separate syllables.

The term derives from Ancient Greek μονόφθογγος (monóphthongos, “single sound”), formed from μόνος (mónos, “single”) and φθόγγος (phthóngos, “sound”).
All the Way from Tuam
All the Way from Tuam is the second studio album by Irish rock band The Saw Doctors. The CD was released on The Saw Doctors' own record label, Shamtown Records and has the catalogue number of SAWDOC002CD. It is named after the band's home town, Tuam.

Davy Carton
Davy Carton (born 10 April 1959) is a singer, songwriter, and rhythm guitarist from Tuam, County Galway, in the Republic of Ireland. He is best known as a core member of the Saw Doctors, the folk-rock band he co-founded with Leo Moran and others in 1987.
Samuel Shippey
Samuel Ward Shippey (born 13 June 1937) is a former English cricketer.  Shippey was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break.  He was born at Wisbech, Cambridgeshire.

Shippey made his debut for Cambridgeshire in the 1958 Minor Counties Championship against Bedfordshire.  From 1958 to 1963, he represented the county in 13 Minor Counties matches.  Fifteen years after last representing Cambridgeshire in the championship, he played his fifteenth and final Minor Counties Championship match against Lincolnshire in 1978.

Shippey also represented Cambridgeshire in 2 List-A matches against Essex in the 1964 Gillette Cup and against Yorkshire in the 1967 Gillette Cup. In his 2 List-A matches, he scored just 2 runs.

1967 Gillette Cup
The 1967 Gillette Cup was the fifth Gillette Cup, an English limited overs county cricket tournament. It was held between 23 April and 2 September 1967. The tournament was won by Kent County Cricket Club who defeated Somerset County Cricket Club by 32 runs in the final at Lord's.
Government of Arizona
The government of Arizona consists of the executive, judiciary, and legislature of Arizona as established by the Arizona Constitution. The executive is composed of the Governor, several other statewide elected officials, and the Governor's cabinet. The Arizona Legislature consists of the House of Representatives and Senate. The judiciary is composed of the Arizona Supreme Court and lower courts. There is also local government, consisting of counties, municipalities and special districts.

Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Concepción (military district)
Concepción, officially the Comandancia of Concepcion (Spanish: Comandancia de Concepción), was an administrative division of the Philippines that functioned as a politico-military district within the province of Iloilo. Established in 1857 by a decree from Governor General Fernando Norzagaray y Escudero, it was located in northern Iloilo on the northeastern coast of Panay Island. It was comprised several towns, including its capital, Concepcion, as well as Ajuy, Balasan (which also includes modern-day Batad and Estancia), Lemery, San Dionisio, and Sara. The district was abolished on April 11, 1901, following the American takeover of the Philippines and the subsequent establishment of a civil government in Iloilo.

San Dionisio, Iloilo
San Dionisio, officially the Municipality of San Dionisio (Hiligaynon: Banwa sang San Dionisio, Tagalog: Bayan ng San Dionisio), is a municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 39,423 people.
MS MR
MS MR (pronounced Miz Mister) was a New York-based American pop duo, consisting of vocalist Lizzy Plapinger and producer Max Hershenow. The duo are signed to Iamsound, Kitsuné and Columbia Records. Plapinger is also known for her work as co-founder of the New York City/London-based Independent record label Neon Gold Records. Their music has been characterized as indie pop, alternative rock, dream pop and dark wave.

Neon Gold Records
Neon Gold Records is a New York City-based boutique record label founded in 2008 by Derek Davies and Lizzy Plapinger.

Initially operating as a vinyl-only singles label, Neon Gold has launched the debut releases and international careers of many acts including Passion Pit, Ellie Goulding, Marina, Gotye, Christine & The Queens, Charli XCX, Matt Maeson and Tove Lo. Beyond their own roster, Neon Gold are often credited with the discovery and initial support of a number of other successful artists including Vampire Weekend, Lana Del Rey, CHVRCHES, Grouplove and Walk the Moon.

Since 2024, Neon Gold has operated as a subsidiary of Virgin Music Group.
SEEC microscopy
Surface-enhanced ellipsometric contrast microscopy (SEEC) uses an upright or inverted optical microscope in a crossed polarization configuration and specific supporting plates called surfs on which the sample is deposited for observation. It is described as an optical nanoscopy technique.

SEEC relies on precise control of the reflection properties of polarized light on a surface, improving the axial sensitivity of an optical microscope by two orders of magnitude without reducing its lateral resolution. Applications could include real-time visualization of films as thin as 0.3 micrometers and isolated nano-objects in air and in water.

Imaging
Imaging is the process of creating visual representations of objects, scenes, or phenomena. The term encompasses both the formation of images through physical processes and the technologies used to capture, store, process, and display them. While traditional imaging relies on visible light, modern imaging systems can visualize information across the electromagnetic spectrum and through other physical phenomena such as sound waves, magnetic fields, and particle emissions, enabling the visualization of subjects invisible to the human eye.

Imaging science is the multidisciplinary field concerned with the theoretical foundations and practical applications of image creation and analysis. The field draws on physics, mathematics, electrical engineering, computer science, computer vision, and perceptual psychology to develop systems that generate, collect, duplicate, analyze, modify, and visualize images.
Tuvaluan cuisine
The cuisine of Tuvalu, a state in the Central Pacific (Oceania), is based on the staple of coconut and the many species of fish found in the ocean and the lagoons of the atolls of Tuvalu. Pulaka (Cyrtosperma merkusii), or "swamp taro", is an important source of carbohydrates. Rice now forms an important part of the diet. Coconut is used in different forms with coconut water, coconut milk and the flesh of the coconut being used to flavour dishes. Various desserts made on the islands include coconut and coconut milk, instead of animal milk.

Coconut water
Coconut water (also coconut juice) is the clear liquid inside young coconuts (fruits of the coconut palm). In early development, it serves as a suspension for the endosperm of the coconut during the nuclear phase of development. As development continues, the endosperm matures into its cellular phase and deposits into the rind of the coconut pulp. The liquid inside young coconuts is sometimes preferred to the liquid of a ripened coconut. Coconut water from young green coconuts is also known specifically as buko juice in Philippine English.
WFEA
WFEA (1370 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Manchester, New Hampshire, airing a talk radio format.  It is owned and operated by Saga Communications of New England LLC, which also owns 95.7 WZID and 96.5 WMLL.  WFEA's studios and offices are on North Commercial Street in Manchester.

WFEA is powered at 5,000 watts, using a directional antenna with a two-tower array.  Its AM transmitter is on Danial Webster Highway (U.S. Route 3) in Merrimack, at its original studio building.  One of the towers in the Merrimack array is a diamond-shaped "Blaw-Knox", a smaller version of the famous Blaw Knox tower of WLW in Cincinnati.  Programming is also heard on FM translator station W260CF at 99.9 MHz.  The FM transmitter is on Mount Uncanoonuc in Goffstown.  WFEA is simulcast on the HD2 digital subchannel of WMLL.  Until February 1, 2017, it was on the HD3 subchannel of WZID.

Tower array
A tower array is an arrangement of multiple radio towers which are mast radiators in a phased array. They were originally developed as ground-based tracking radars. Tower arrays can consist of free-standing or guyed towers or a mix of them. Tower arrays are used to constitute a directional antenna of a mediumwave or longwave radio station.

The number of towers in a tower array can vary.
In many arrays all towers have the same height, but there are also arrays of towers of different height. The arrangement can vary. For directional antennas with fixed radiation pattern, linear arrangements are preferred, while for switchable directional patterns (usually for daytime groundwave versus nighttime skywave), square arrangements are chosen.
Bébé Manga
Elizabeth Bessem Ayamo Manga (27 November 1948 – 1 July 2011), also known as Bébé Manga, was a Cameroonian makossa singer whose best-known song is "Ami O". She is considered one of the most popular makossa singers of the 1980s.

Manu Dibango
Emmanuel N'Djoké "Manu" Dibango (12 December 1933 – 24 March 2020) was a Cameroonian musician and songwriter who played saxophone and vibraphone. He developed a musical style fusing jazz, funk, and traditional Cameroonian music. His father was a member of the Yabassi ethnic group, while his mother was a Duala. He was best known for his 1972 single "Soul Makossa". The song has been referred to as the most sampled African song in addition Dibango, himself, as the most sampled African musician in history. He died from COVID-19 on 24 March 2020.
Coedcanlas
Coedcanlas is a small parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales, on the eastern shore of the Daugleddau estuary, 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Pembroke, in the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, Wales, United Kingdom. Together with the parishes of Martletwy, Minwear, Newton North and Lawrenny, it constitutes the community of Martletwy.

River Cleddau
The River Cleddau (Welsh: Afon Cleddau) consists of the Eastern and Western Cleddau rivers in Pembrokeshire, west Wales.  They unite to form the Daugleddau estuary and the harbour of Milford Haven Waterway.

The name of the combined estuary – the Daugleddau – means “the two Cleddaus”. The name Cleddau, whilst seeming to be a plural ('-au' generally denotes plurality in Welsh) comes from the Welsh word cleddyf meaning 'sword' and refers perhaps to the manner in which both rivers are incised into the landscape of Pembrokeshire. A number of former Anglican parishes in the area have been combined to form the modern Church in Wales parish of Daugleddau in the Diocese of St Davids.
Baird baronets of Newbyth (second creation, 1809)
The Baird baronetcy of Newbyth, second creation, in the County of Haddington, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 13 April 1809 for the soldier David Baird, grandson of William Baird, a younger son of Sir Robert Baird, 1st Baronet, of Saughtonhall. His father, William Baird, had inherited the Newbyth estate in 1745 on the death of Sir John Baird, 2nd Baronet, of the 1680 creation. The baronetcy was created with remainder to Baird's elder brother Robert Baird and the heirs male of his body. Sir David Baird died childless and was succeeded, according to the special remainder by his nephew David Baird, the second Baronet. At the death of the 6th Baronet in 2022, his fourth cousin, Sir Andrew James Baird became the 7th Baronet in April 2023.

Baird baronets of Newbyth (first creation, 1680)
The first Baird baronetcy, of Newbyth in the County of Haddington, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 4 February 1680 for William Baird, 1654–1737, son of John Baird, Lord Newbyth. He was registered an advocate and later made Lord of Session.

The title became extinct in 1745 on the death of his son the 2nd Baronet. While the baronetcy failed, the Newbyth estate passed to his cousin William Baird of the Saughtonhall branch of the family. See Baird baronets of Saughtonhall (1695).
Central University of Jammu
Central University of Jammu is a Central University in the Samba district of the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It was established through an Act of Parliament, The Central Universities Act, 2009. It started functioning from 2011. Dr. Sudhir Singh Bloeria was first Vice Chancellor of the university.

Samba district
Samba district is an administrative district in the Jammu division of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It was formed in 2006. Before its formation, this area was part of Jammu district and Kathua district.
Yanina Karolchyk-Pravalinskaya
Yanina Karolchyk-Pravalinskaya (Belarusian: Яніна Карольчык-Правалінская, née Karolchyk, born 26 December 1976) is a Belarusian shot putter who won an Olympic gold medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, and a gold medal at the 2001 World Championships in Edmonton, Alberta.

In June 2003, at a meet in Germany, Korolchik tested positive for the steroid clenbuterol. She was banned for two years and missed the 2004 Summer Olympics.

She threw her longest distance in nine years in her 2010 season opener at the Olympic Champions Trophy meeting in Minsk, recording a best mark of 19.95 m.

Karolchyk is married to Belarusian singer Uladzimer Pravalinski.

Clenbuterol
Clenbuterol is a sympathomimetic amine used by sufferers of breathing disorders as a decongestant and bronchodilator. People with chronic breathing disorders such as asthma use this as a bronchodilator to make breathing easier. It is most commonly available as the hydrochloride salt, clenbuterol hydrochloride.

It was patented in 1967 and came into medical use in 1977.
1992 Kremlin Cup – Doubles
Eric Jelen and Carl-Uwe Steeb were the defending champions, but Jelen did not participate this year.  Steeb partnered Patrik Kühnen, losing in the first round.

Marius Barnard and John-Laffnie de Jager won the title, defeating David Adams and Andrei Olhovskiy 6–4, 3–6, 7–6 in the final.

David Adams (tennis)
David Dixie Adams (born 5 January 1970) is a former tennis player from South Africa. He turned professional in 1989. In his career, he won 19 doubles titles and finished runner-up an additional 33 times, including at the French Open in 1992. He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 9 in February 1994.

Adams participated in six Davis Cup ties for South Africa between 1997 and 2003, posting a 4–2 record, all in doubles.

Adams won two Grand Slam titles in mixed doubles, both with fellow South African Mariaan de Swardt, taking the Australian Open title in 1999 and the French Open title in 2000.
Saleius Bassus
Saleius Bassus was a Roman epic poet. He lived during the reign of Vespasian, being a contemporary of Gaius Valerius Flaccus.

Quintilian credited him with a vigorous and poetical genius and Julius Secundus, one of the speakers in Tacitus' Dialogus de oratoribus styles him a perfect poet and most illustrious bard. Saleius was apparently overtaken by poverty, but was generously treated by Vespasian who gave him a present of 500,000 sesterces. Nothing from his works has been preserved; the Laus Pisonis, which has been attributed to him, is probably by Lucan or Titus Calpurnius Siculus.

Quintilian
Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (Latin: [kʷiːntɪliˈaːnʊs]; c. 35 – c. 100 AD) was a Roman educator and rhetorician born in Hispania, widely referred to in medieval schools of rhetoric and in Renaissance writing. In English translation, he is usually referred to as Quintilian (/kwɪnˈtɪliən/ kwin-TIL-ee-ən), although the alternate spellings of Quintillian and Quinctilian are occasionally seen, the latter in older texts.
Helen Riehle
Helen Riehle is an American politician from the state of Vermont who served as a U.S. Republican Party member of the Vermont Senate, representing all of Chittenden County except for the town of Colchester. She is chair of the South Burlington City Council and resides in that city. Having previously served in both the State House and Senate, she was appointed by Governor Peter Shumlin in March 2016 to succeed Diane Snelling, who had earlier resigned.

South Burlington, Vermont
South Burlington is a city in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. Along with neighboring Burlington, it is a principal city of the Burlington metropolitan area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 20,292, making it the second-most populous city in Vermont after Burlington. It is home to the headquarters of Ben & Jerry's and the state of Vermont's largest mall, the University Mall.
Alone in the Universe
Alone in the Universe is the thirteenth studio album by British rock band Electric Light Orchestra (ELO), and the first credited to Jeff Lynne's ELO. The moniker came out from Lynne as a response to ELO tribute and imitation bands, who repeatedly used ELO for promoting their own tours. Released on 13 November 2015, the album is the first of new original material credited to the group since Zoom in 2001, and the second since the group's original disbandment in 1986. It is also the first album since the group's debut album to not feature keyboardist Richard Tandy.

The album was met with generally favourable reviews, peaking at number two on the Billboard Top Rock Albums and number four on the UK Albums Chart, where it has been certified Platinum. It was followed by the album From Out of Nowhere, which was released on 1 November 2019.

Shaker (musical instrument)
The word shaker describes various Percussive musical instruments used for creating rhythm in music.

They are called shakers because the method of creating the sound involves shaking them – moving them back and forth in the air rather than striking them. Most may also be struck for a greater accent on certain beats. Shakers are often used in rock and other popular styles of music to provide the ride pattern along with or substituting for the ride cymbal.
Spectrin repeat
Spectrin repeats are found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure. These include spectrin, alpha-actinin, dystrophin and more recently the plakin family. The spectrin repeat forms a three-helix bundle. These conform to the rules of the heptad repeat. Spectrin repeats give rise to linear proteins. This however may be due to sample bias in which linear and rigid structures are more amenable to crystallization. There are hints however, that some proteins harbouring spectrin repeats may also be flexible. This is most likely due to specifically evolved functional purposes.

Plakin
A plakin is a protein that associates with junctional complexes and the cytoskeleton.

Types include desmoplakin, envoplakin, periplakin, plectin, bullous pemphigoid antigen 1, corneodesmosin, and microtubule actin cross-linking factor.
Richard Wellesley (1787–1831)
Richard Wellesley (22 April 1787 – 1 March 1831) was an Anglo-Irish Member of Parliament.

He was the illegitimate son of Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley and his mistress (later wife) Hyacinthe-Gabrielle Roland and educated at Eton College (1800), Christ Church, Oxford (1805), and Lincoln's Inn (1808).

He represented Queenborough in Parliament from 1810 to 1812, East Grinstead from January to March 1812, and Ennis from 1820 to 1826. He was appointed one of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury from January to June 1812 and Commissioner of Stamp Duties from 1812 to his death.

He married in 1821, Jane Eliza, the daughter of George Chambers of Hartford, Huntingdonshire. They had 4 sons and a daughter.

His papers are held at the University of Southampton.

Queenborough (UK Parliament constituency)
The constituency of Queenborough was a rotten borough situated on the Isle of Sheppey in Kent.

From 1572 until it was abolished by the Reform Act 1832, it returned two Members of Parliament. The franchise was vested in the freemen of the town, of whom there were more than 300.  Its electorate was therefore one of largest of the 56 boroughs that were abolished.  Most freemen, however, were non resident.

A small town in Kent, England, which grew as a port near the Thames Estuary.
It was formerly a municipal borough in the Faversham parliamentary division of Kent, and is two miles south of Sheerness on the Isle of Sheppey, nearby the westward entrance to the Swale, where it joins the River Medway. It is now in the Sittingbourne and Sheppey parliamentary constituency and governed by Swale Borough Council and Queenborough Town Council.