hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James M. Richardson (general)
James M. Richardson (born 1960) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general who last served as Deputy Commanding General for Combat Development of the United States Army Futures Command from 2018 to 2022, as well as the Acting Commander of Futures Command from 2021 to 2022. He was commissioned in 1983, through ROTC at the University of South Carolina. He is married to General Laura J. Richardson.

United States Army Futures Command
The United States Army Futures Command (AFC) was a United States Army command that ran modernization projects. It was headquartered in Austin, Texas.

The AFC began initial operations on 1 July 2018. It was created as a peer of Forces Command (FORSCOM), Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), and Army Materiel Command (AMC). While the other commands focus on readiness to "fight tonight", AFC aimed to improve future readiness for competition with near-peers. The AFC commander functioned as the Army's chief modernization investment officer.: Section 4  It was supported by the United States Army Reserve Innovation Command (75th Innovation Command).

On October 2nd, 2025, Army officials inactivated Army Futures Command and activated U.S. Army Transformation and Training Command (T2COM). This effectively merged AFC with Training and Doctrine Command. The Army will retain AFC's headquarters to serve as the new headquarters for T2COM.
National Youth Games of Nigeria
The National Youth Games (NYG), is an annual event aimed at growing the youths in  to become skilled sportsmen and women. The Youth sports event in Nigeria is a brain child of the former President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria Goodluck Jonathan administration.

It is a multi-sporting event organized by the Federal Government of Nigeria through the National Sports Commission for athletes from the 36 States and the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria.

Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)
The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) is a federal territory in central Nigeria. Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria, is located in this territory. The FCT was formed in 1976 from parts of the states of old Kaduna, Kwara, Niger, and Plateau states, with the bulk of land mass carved out of Niger state. The Federal Capital Territory is within the North Central region of the country. Unlike other states of Nigeria, which are headed by elected Governors, it is administered by the Federal Capital Territory Administration, headed by a minister, who is appointed by the president.
Rio do Rasto Formation
The Rio do Rasto Formation is a Late Permian sedimentary geological formation in the South Region of Brazil. The official name is Rio do Rasto, although in some publications it appears as Rio do Rastro.

The strata were deposited between the Wordian and the Wuchiapingian, from about 266 to 254 million years ago. The geology, alongside its paleobiota, indicate that the locality was a freshwater environment. Some of the animals discovered in the formation include Tiarajudens, Parapytanga and Pampaphoneus.

Palaeoniscoid
Palaeoniscoids (also spelled paleoniscoid, or alternatively paleoniscids) are an extinct grouping of primitive ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii), spanning from the Silurian/Devonian to the Cretaceous. Though often assigned to their own order, the Palaeonisciformes (or superorder Palaeoniscimorpha), they are generally considered paraphyletic, but their exact relationships to living ray-finned fish are uncertain. While some and perhaps most palaeoniscoids likely belong to the stem-group of Actinopteryii (less closely related to modern ray-finned fish groups than all modern ray-finned fish are to each other) it has been suggested that some may belong to the crown group, with some of these possibly related to Cladistia (containing bichirs) and/or Chondrostei (which contains sturgeons and paddlefish). Many palaeoniscoids share a conservative body shape and a similar arrangement of skull bones, though paleoniscoids as a whole exhibit considerable diversity in body shape.
The Impossible Years (film)
The Impossible Years is a 1968 American comedy film directed by Michael Gordon, and starring David Niven.  The film also features Lola Albright, Chad Everett, Ozzie Nelson in his final film appearance, and Cristina Ferrare, who was 17 years old at the time the film was shot. It is based upon the 1965 play of the same name by Bob Fisher and Arthur Marx, the son of Groucho Marx, and was adapted for the screen by George Wells.

The eponymous theme song was written by The Tokens and performed by The Cowsills.

Chad Everett
Raymon Lee Cramton (June 11, 1937 – July 24, 2012), known professionally as Chad Everett, was an American actor who appeared in more than 40 films and television series. He played Dr. Joe Gannon in the television drama  Medical Center, which aired from 1969 to 1976.
Otelfingen Golfpark railway station
Otelfingen Golfpark is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Zurich, in the municipality of Otelfingen. The station is located on the Furttal railway line, within fare zone 117 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV).

It is one of two railway stations in the  municipality of Otelfingen, the other being Otelfingen.

Wettingen–Effretikon railway line
The Wettingen–Effretikon railway line (sometimes called the Furttal Bahn) is a standard-gauge railway line to the northwest of Zürich, Switzerland.  It was opened on 15 October 1877 by the Swiss National Railway (Schweizerische Nationalbahn; SNB). The trains ran past Zürich to its north, which meant that it was not connected to this important centre of industry. This circumstance was one of the reasons for the bankruptcy of the company in 1878. The line was then taken over by the Swiss Northeastern Railway (Schweizerische Nordostbahn; NOB). It has been part of the network of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) since 1902.
Christoph Mick
Christoph Mick (born 2 August 1988 in Bolzano) is an Italian snowboarder, specializing in Alpine snowboarding.

Mick competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Italy. He placed 28th in qualifying for the parallel giant slalom and 20th in the parallel slalom, not advancing in either event.

As of September 2014, his best showing at the World Championships is 14th, in the 2011 parallel giant slalom.

Mick made his World Cup debut in January 2006. As of September 2014, his best finish is 6th, in a parallel slalom at Carezza in 2013–14. His best overall finish is 29th, in 2010–11 and 2011–12.

FIS Snowboard World Championships
The FIS Snowboarding World Championships is the world championship organized by the FIS for Snowboarding. It was first held in 1996 and is now held every odd year. The championship events include Big air, Halfpipe, Parallel giant slalom, Parallel slalom, Slopestyle and Snowboard cross for both genders as well as mixed team events in Parallel slalom and Snowboard cross.
Byron Bertram
Byron Bertram (born 29 October 1952) is a former professional tennis player from South Africa

Bertram attended Parktown Boys' High School. During his career, he won one tour doubles title and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 51 in July 1976. Bertram reached the quarterfinals of the 1977 Wimbledon Championships and defeated Stan Smith at the tournament in 1975. He also was a member of the winning South Africa Davis Cup team in 1974.

1977 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles
Defending champion Björn Borg defeated Jimmy Connors in the final, 3–6, 6–2, 6–1, 5–7, 6–4 to win the gentlemen's singles tennis title at the 1977 Wimbledon Championships. It was his second Wimbledon title and fourth major title overall.

This marked the first Wimbledon singles appearance of future three-time champion John McEnroe, who entered as a qualifier and reached the semifinals before losing to Connors. It was also the final major appearance of four-time Wimbledon champion and eleven-time Grand Slam tournament champion Rod Laver.
Pollution in Korea
Pollution in Korea has become diversified and serious due to rapid industrialization and urbanization since the 1960s. The causes of environmental pollution, both in South and North Korea, can be found in population growth, urban concentration, and industrial structure, similar to the rest of the world.

Doosan Group
Doosan Group (Korean: 두산그룹; Hanja: 斗山그룹) is a South Korean multinational conglomerate corporation. In 2009, the corporation was placed in the Fortune Global 500 index. It is the parent company of Bobcat and Škoda Power. Doosan Group is the oldest running company in South Korea and was ranked as one of the world's top 10 largest heavy equipment manufacturers in 2018.
2019 Mallorca Open – Singles
Sofia Kenin won the title, defeating Belinda Bencic in the final, 6–7(2–7), 7–6(7–5), 6–4, after saving three championship points in the second set.

Tatjana Maria was the defending champion, but chose not to participate this year.

Kaja Juvan
Kaja Juvan (born 25 November 2000)  is a Slovenian professional tennis player. She has career-high rankings of world No. 58 in singles and No. 97 in doubles. Juvan won her maiden WTA Tour doubles title at the 2021 Winners Open in Cluj-Napoca, partnering with Natela Dzalamidze.
Bela ciganka
"Bela ciganka" ("White Gypsy") is a song recorded by Serbian pop-folk recording artist Stoja. It was released as a non-album single 4 November 2013. The song was written by Stoja's longtime songwriter Stevan Simeunović and produced by Aleksandar Kobac.

A preview of the song was uploaded to her YouTube account on 2 November 2015, with the full song being released two days later and performed for the first time on the television show BN Koktel on BN Televizija.

BN Televizija
BN Televizija, RTV BN or BN TV is a Bosnian commercial television channel based in Bijeljina, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The channel is part of the RTV BN television network company, founded on May 5, 1998. It primarily broadcasts in Serbian using the Cyrillic alphabet and offers 24-hour programming with news, political, and entertainment shows. RTV BN is currently the highest-rated TV channel in the Republika Srpska entity and is one of the leading commercial TV channels in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Westmoreland Western
Westmoreland Western is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Representatives of the Parliament of Jamaica. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. It was one of the 32 constituencies fixed in the new constitution granted to Jamaica in 1944. Unlike Westmoreland Eastern, which was phased out when the constituency boundaries were redrawn in 1966, this seat remained and has featured in all 16 contested Parliamentary General Elections 1944 to 2016. The MP was Hon. Dr. Wykeham McNeill of the People's National Party from 1997 to 2020.

Morland Wilson from the Jamaica Labour Party defeated McNeill in the 2020 general election in one of the most shocking losses in the PNP camp.

2020 Jamaican general election
General elections were held in Jamaica on Thursday, 3 September 2020 to elect 63 members of Parliament. As the constitution stipulates a five-year parliamentary term, the next elections were not expected until between 25 February and 10 June 2021. However, Prime Minister Andrew Holness called early elections to ensure a united response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. On the advice of Holness, Governor General Patrick Allen dissolved Parliament on 13 August 2020.

The result was a landslide victory for the ruling Jamaica Labour Party, which received 57% of the vote and won 49 seats; the People's National Party remained the opposition party, losing 16 seats. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2019–2020 dengue fever epidemic, voter turnout was only 38%, the lowest in an election since 1983.
Otis (given name)
Otis is a male given name derived from an English surname, which was in turn derived from Ode, a variant form of Odo and Otto. The name also has origins in the Ars Goetia, it is a variation of the name Botis. Otis is also a male nickname from Otieno, with its roots in the Luo tribe in Kenya.

English name
English names are personal names used in, or originating in, England.
In England, as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, a complete name usually consists of one or more given names, commonly referred to as first names, and a (most commonly patrilineal, rarely matrilineal) family name or surname, also referred to as a last name. The given names after the first are often referred to as middle names.
Ministry of Health and Sanitation (Sierra Leone)
The Ministry of Health and Sanitation (Krio: Ministri fɔ Wɛlbɔdi ɛn Sɛnitɛshɔn) is the health ministry of Sierra Leone. As of 2021, the Health Minister is Dr. Austin H. Demby. Their offices are located on the fourth floor of the Youyi Building, Brookfields, Freetown.

As of 2014, the Ministry of Health and Sanitation is engaged in a campaign against the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa, in which Sierra Leone was one of the most seriously affected countries.

Krio language
The Sierra Leonean Creole or Krio is an English-based creole language that is the lingua franca and de facto national language spoken throughout the West African nation of Sierra Leone. Krio is spoken by 96 percent of the country's population, and it unites the different ethnic groups in the country, especially in their trade and social interaction with each other. Krio is the primary language of communication among Sierra Leoneans at home and abroad, and has also heavily influenced Sierra Leonean English. The language is native to the Sierra Leone Creole people, or Krios, a community of about 104,311 descendants of freed slaves from the West Indies, United States and the British Empire, and is spoken as a second language by millions of other Sierra Leoneans belonging to the country's indigenous tribes. English is Sierra Leone's official language, and Krio, despite its common use throughout the country, has no official status.
Narlı, Mut
Narlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mut, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 211 (2022). It is situated in the Toros Mountains. Its distance to Mut is 33 kilometres (21 mi) and to Mersin is 185 kilometres (115 mi).

Mersin
Mersin (pronounced [ˈmæɾsin]) is a large city and port on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey. It is the provincial capital of the Mersin Province (formerly İçel). It is made up of four district governorates, each having its own municipality: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir.

A larger metropolitan region which combines Mersin with Tarsus and Erdemli houses more than 1.7 million inhabitants. Çukurova International Airport (COV) situated 50 kilometres (31 miles) from Mersin city centre, is its closest international airport. There are ferry services from Mersin to Famagusta (Mağusa) in Northern Cyprus. Mersin is linked to Adana via Tarsus by way of TCDD trains.
Simon de Bovill
Simon de Bovill was an English medieval friar and university chancellor.

Brother Simon de Bovill was a Prior of the Preaching Friars in Oxford. Between 1238–9 and 1244–6, Simon de Bovill was twice Chancellor of Oxford University.

Prior (ecclesiastical)
Prior (or  prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a  superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". The office may head a local house, a region of houses (prior provincial), or the entire order (prior general). Its earlier generic usage referred to any monastic superior. In abbeys, a prior would be lower in rank than the abbey's abbot or abbess.
Little Humby
Little Humby or Humby is a hamlet in the civil parish of Ropsley and Humby, in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies 5 miles (8.0 km) east from Grantham, 1 mile (1.6 km) south-east from Ropsley and 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south from the A52 road. Great Humby, a smaller hamlet, is 720 yards (658 m) to the south.

Humby has a ford that is prone to flooding, and a red telephone box. Inhabitants petitioned to keep the box when the local council made plans for a modern replacement.

Local wildlife includes badgers, and birds such as blue tits, wrens, chaffinches, seagulls, kestrels, red kites and buzzards.

Richard Todd, actor, lived and died at Little Humby.

Little Humby was formerly in the parish of Ropsley, in 1866 Little Humby became a separate civil parish, on 24 March 1887 the parish was abolished to form "Humby". In 1881 the parish had a population of 104.

Eurasian blue tit
The Eurasian blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) is a small passerine bird in the tit family, Paridae. It is easily recognised by its blue and yellow plumage and small size.

The Eurasian blue tit is a widespread and common resident breeder throughout temperate and subarctic Europe and parts of western Asia. It inhabits deciduous or mixed woodlands, often with a high proportion of oak, and it is usually non-migratory. They typically nest in tree holes but readily adapt to using nest boxes when necessary. Their main rivals for nests and in the search for food are the larger, somewhat more common great tits (Parus major).

The Eurasian blue tit's diet consists mainly of insects and spiders. Outside of the breeding season, they also eat seeds and other plant-based foods. These birds are known for their acrobatic abilities; they can grip the outermost branches of trees and shrubs and hang upside down while searching for food.
Pietro Micca
Private Pietro Micca (6 March 1677 – 30 August 1706), also known as Pierre Micha, was an Italian soldier who became a national hero of the Duchy of Savoy for sacrificing himself during the siege of Turin of the War of Spanish Succession. Serving as a sapper in the Savoyard Army, he prevented a breakthrough by French grenadiers by lighting two gunpowder barrels at the cost of his life.

Duchy of Savoy
The Duchy of Savoy was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1847 and was a possession of the House of Savoy.
It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, subject of the Holy Roman Empire, until 1792, with a vote in the Imperial Diet. From the 16th century, Savoy belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle.

Its territory included the current French departments of Savoie, Haute-Savoie, and the Alpes-Maritimes, the current Italian region of Aosta Valley, a large part of Piedmont and the County of Geneva in Switzerland, which was then lost to the Old Swiss Confederacy. The main Vulgar languages that were spoken within the Duchy of Savoy were Arpitan and Piedmontese.
Seafood restaurant
A seafood restaurant is a restaurant that specializes in seafood cuisine and seafood dishes, such as fish and shellfish. Dishes may include freshwater fish. The concept may focus upon the preparation and service of fresh seafood, (as opposed to frozen products). Some seafood restaurants also provide retail sales of seafood that consumers take home to prepare. Seafood restaurants may have a marine-themed decor, with decorations such as fish nets, nautical images and buoys. Fare can vary due to seasonality in fish availability and in the fishing industry. Seafood restaurants may offer additional non-seafood items, such as chicken and beef dishes.

Freshwater fish
Freshwater fish are fish species that spend some or all of their lives in bodies of fresh water such as rivers, lakes, ponds and inland wetlands, where the salinity is less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine habitats in many ways, especially the difference in levels of osmolarity. To survive in fresh water, fish need a range of physiological adaptations.

41.24% of all known species of fish are found in fresh water. This is primarily due to the rapid speciation that the scattered habitats make possible. When dealing with ponds and lakes, one might use the same basic models of speciation as when studying island biogeography.
Kibby Mountain
Kibby Mountain is a mountain located in Franklin County, Maine, about 3.5 mi (5.6 km) east of the Canada–United States border. Kibby Mountain is flanked to the southeast by Spencer Bale Mountain.

Kibby Mountain stands within the watershed of the Kennebec River, which drains into the Gulf of Maine. The north side of Kibby Mountain drains into the East Branch of the Moose River, then into the South Branch of the Moose, the Moose River, and the Kennebec River. The west side of Kibby Mountain drains into Caribou Flow, then into the South Branch of the Moose River. The southwest end of Kibby Mountain drains into the Middle Branch of Kibby Stream, then into Spencer Stream and the Dead River, another tributary of the Kennebec. The southeast side of Kibby Mountain drains into the West Branch of Spencer Stream.

The Kibby Wind Power Project is located on the mountain.

South Branch Moose River (Maine)
The South Branch Moose River is a tributary of the Moose River in Franklin County, Maine. Its source (45°26′21″N 70°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿45.4393°N 70.6039°W﻿ / 45.4393; -70.6039﻿ (South Branch Moose River source)) on Caribou Mountain is about 1.5 miles (2 km) from the Canada–United States border, in Skinner (Maine Township 1, Range 7, WBKP). From there, the river winds generally north for 11.0 miles (17.7 km) to its confluence with the main stream of the Moose River in Lowelltown (T1, R8, WBKP).
Wa National Unity Party
The Wa National Unity Party (WNUP) is a political party in Myanmar (Burma). It was founded by members of the former Wa National Development Party, which contested the 1990 general elections but did not win any seats. The party has sought to distance itself from the United Wa State Army in order to enter mainstream politics. The WNUP works together with the Nationalities Brotherhood Federation, an alliance of 23 ethnic political parties in Myanmar.

1990 Myanmar general election
General elections were held in Myanmar on 27 May 1990, the first multi-party elections since 1960, after which the country had been ruled by a military dictatorship. The elections were for a constitutional committee to draft a new constitution.

The result was a landslide victory for Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD), which won 392 of the 492 seats. However, the military junta refused to recognise the results and continued ruling the country until 2011. Voter turnout was 73%.
Reggie Doster
Reggie Doster (born January 2, 1976) is a former XFL cornerback and Arena Football League defensive back. He played for the Orlando Rage, Orlando Predators, Detroit Fury, Philadelphia Soul, Georgia Force, Grand Rapids Rampage and Utah Blaze in a career lasting from 2001 to 2008. He played college football at UCF.

Grand Rapids Rampage
The Grand Rapids Rampage was an arena football team based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The team began play in 1998 in the Arena Football League as an expansion team. They were last coached by Steve Thonn. Their home arena was the Van Andel Arena.
Vines High School
W. A. Vines High School (commonly Vines or VHS) is a free co-educational secondary school in Plano, Texas, United States, serving grades nine and ten. Wilson and Haggard middle schools feed into Vines. Founded in 1976, the school is part of the Plano Independent School District, which is accredited by the Texas Education Agency. The school colors are maroon and white, and the school mascot is the Wildcat. Vines is one of six high schools in PISD, and is one of two that feed into Plano Senior High School.

Plano, Texas
Plano (/ˈpleɪnoʊ/ PLAY-noh; Spanish for 'flat surface') is a city in the U.S. state of Texas, where it is the largest city in Collin County. A small portion of Plano is located in Denton County. Plano is one of the principal suburbs of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. With a population of 285,494 at the 2020 census, it is the ninth most-populous city in Texas, and, respectively, the 73rd most populous city in the United States.

Plano serves as an important hub of the economy of Dallas. It is home to the headquarters of Frito-Lay, JCPenney, Pizza Hut, and Toyota Motor North America.