hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Silanization
Silanization is the attachment of an organosilyl group to some chemical species.  Almost always, silanization is the conversion of a silanol-terminated surface to a alkylsiloxy-terminated surface.  This conversion confers hydrophobicity to a previously hydrophilic surface. This process is often used to modify the surface properties of glass, silicon, alumina, quartz, and metal oxide substrates, which all have an abundance of hydroxyl groups.  Silanization differs from silylation, which usually refers to attachment of organosilicon groups to molecular substrates.

Organosilicon chemistry
Organosilicon chemistry is the study of organometallic compounds containing carbon–silicon bonds, to which they are called organosilicon compounds. Most organosilicon compounds are similar to the ordinary organic compounds, being colourless, flammable, hydrophobic, and stable to air. Silicon carbide is an inorganic compound.
Nurul Hamira Yusma Mohd Yusri
Nurul Hamira Yusma binti Mohd Yusri  (born 26 October 1992) is a Malaysian women's international futsal player and footballer who plays as a midfielder. She is a member of the Malaysia women's national football team.

Malaysia women's national football team
The Malaysia women's national football team represents Malaysia in international women's association football; it is controlled by the Football Association of Malaysia (FAM). Unlike the men's team, Malaysia women's football team is represented by amateur players and semi professional players.
James Henry Hurdis
James Henry Hurdis (1800–1857) was an amateur artist and the elder son of James Hurdis, a renowned professor of poetry. He is known for his many portraits of notable Sussex people. The cult of the Sussex Martyrs is said to have been started using Hurdis's image of Richard Woodman burning as a Protestant martyr.

Sussex Bonfire Societies
The Sussex Bonfire Societies are responsible for the series of bonfire festivals concentrated on central and eastern Sussex, with further festivals in parts of Surrey and Kent from September to November each year.

The Lewes celebrations, by far the largest and most well-attended event, mark both Guy Fawkes Night and the burning of 17 Protestant martyrs in Lewes's High Street from 1555 to 1557, during the reign of Mary Tudor.
Qafmollë
Qafmollë (The neck of the apple in Albanian) is a village in the former municipality of Dajt in Tirana County, Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality of Tirana.

Dajt
Dajt is a former municipality in the Tirana County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Tirana. The population as of the 2023 census is 35,170. The municipal unit took its name from the Mount Dajt.
Sévaré hotel attack
On August 7, 2015, jihadists from Al-Mourabitoun and Katiba Macina attacked the Byblos Hotel in Sévaré, Mali. The attack was one of the largest attacks against civilians in Mopti Region during the Mali War, and led to the deaths of thirteen people, including five civilians.

Al-Mourabitoun (militant group)
Al-Mourabitoun (Arabic: المرابطون, romanized: al-Murābiṭūn, lit. 'The Sentinels') was an African militant terrorist jihadist organization formed by a merger between Ahmed Ould Amer, a.k.a. Ahmed al-Tilemsi's Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa, and Mokhtar Belmokhtar's Al-Mulathameen. On 4 December 2015, it joined Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). The group sought to implement Sharia law in Mali, Algeria, southwestern Libya, and Niger.

On 2 March 2017, al-Mourabitoun's cells in Mali, along with those of Ansar Dine, Macina Liberation Front and the Saharan branch of Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, merged into Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, the official branch of Al-Qaeda in Mali, after its leaders swore allegiance to Ayman al-Zawahiri.
1912 West Tennessee State Normal football team
The 1912 West Tennessee State Normal football team was an American football team that represented West Tennessee State Normal School (now known as the University of Memphis) as an independent during the 1912 college football season. In their first season under head coach Clyde H. Wilson, West Tennessee State Normal compiled a 1–2–1 record.

1912 college football season
The 1912 college football season was the first season of the modern era of college football, as the NCAA implemented changes to increase scoring:

Teams were given 4 downs instead of 3 downs to gain ten yards

The value of a touchdown was increased from 5 points to 6 points

The length of the playing field was reduced from 110 yards to 100 yards, and end zones of ten yards were added

Kickoff was made from the 40 yard line rather than at midfield.

At the end of the season, Harvard was named the year's champion by The New York Times.
County of Runkel
Runkel was a German county that existed for about 300 years during the Middle Ages. It held a territory extending from the Lahn river at the town of Runkel northwards past Schupbach. To the south of this territory was the County of Limburg (which passed to the Archbishopric of Trier in the early 15th century), the County of Hadamar to the northwest, and the County of Weilburg to the west (both of which belonged to the Counts and Dukes of Nassau). Also part of the County was an exclave located to the east of Villmar. It was bordered by the County of Limburg to the south and west, and Weilburg to the northeast.

Runkel became a County in 1219. It was inherited by the Counts of Wied in 1521.  With the partition of that County in 1698, it passed to the Counts of Wied-Runkel.  Wied-Runkel was mediatised to the Dukes of Nassau-Weilburg in 1806.

Wied-Runkel
Wied-Runkel was a small German state with Imperial immediacy. Wied-Runkel was located around the town and castle of Runkel, located on the Lahn River. It extended from the town of Runkel to further north of Schupbach, but also held an exclave east of Villmar.
Willie Britz
Willem Stephanus "Willie" Britz (born 31 August 1988) is a South African former professional rugby union player. He played as a flanker, number eight, and lock. Britz had an extensive career across South Africa, Japan, and the United States, and was known for his athleticism, versatility, and leadership on the field.

Flanker (rugby union)
Flanker is a position in the sport of rugby union. Each team of 15 players includes two flankers, who play in the forwards, and are generally classified as either blindside or openside flankers, numbers 6 and 7 respectively. The name comes from their position in a scrum in which they 'flank' each set of forwards. They compete for the ball – most commonly in rucks and mauls. Flankers also assist in pushing in a scrum, but are expected to detach from the scrum as soon as the ball is out to get to the play before the opposition's forwards. Flankers also participate in line-outs, either being lifted to contest or win possession, or to lift other players. Flankers are usually the key participants in the tackling process. The flankers, especially the openside, are often the fastest forwards on the team but still relied upon for tackling.
Castilian-Basque aristocracy
In Chile the Castilian–Basque aristocracy (Spanish: aristocracia castellano-vasca) formed the social and political elite of the country after gaining independence in the early 19th century. Despite the abolition of noble titles in 1817 and the mayorazgo inheritance institution in 1852, the social status of this group remained largely unaffected.

Although the over-representation of people of Castilian–Basque ancestry in the National Congress of Chile has declined since the 19th century, they still hold a significant presence. These individuals are particularly concentrated in the affluent northeastern zone of Santiago, where they, along with other high socio-economic status individuals, display characteristics of an ethnic group.

Elite
In political and sociological theory, the elite (/ɛ.ˈliːt/ or /ɪ.ˈliːt/; from French: élite, from Latin: eligere, to select or to sort out) are a small group of powerful or wealthy people who hold a disproportionate amount of wealth, privilege, political power, or skill in a group. Defined by the Cambridge Dictionary, the "elite" are "the richest, most powerful, best-educated, or best-trained group in a society".

American sociologist C. Wright Mills states that members of the elite accept their fellows' position of importance in society. "As a rule, 'they accept one another, understand one another, marry one another, tend to work, and to think, if not together at least alike'." It is a well-regulated existence where education plays a critical role.
2005 European Canoe Slalom Championships
The 2005 European Canoe Slalom Championships took place at the Tacen Whitewater Course in Tacen, Slovenia between 24 and 26 June 2005 under the auspices of the European Canoe Association (ECA). It was the 6th edition.

Tacen
Tacen (pronounced [ˈtaːtsən]; in older sources also Tacenj, German: Tazen) is a formerly independent settlement in the northwest part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. It includes the hamlets of Na Grškem, Sige, V Bregu (or Breg), and Šmarna Gora.
Florian Wiek
Born in 1972, Florian Wiek was scholarship-holder of Villa Musica in Mainz from 1994 to 1997 where he performed chamber music with leading German musicians like Thomas Brandis, Ida Bieler, Martin Ostertag, Wolfgang Gaag and Rainer Moog. Together with his partner Justus Grimm, Wiek was elected for the 44th and 46th 'Bundesauswahl junger Künstler' in Germany and played a large number of sonata recitals.

In 2001 Wiek played Schumann's Piano Quintet in concert together with the violinist Ivry Gitlis, among others.

In October 2004 he became professor for piano and chamber music at the State University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart.

Moreover, he had collaborated with his Master Classes in Magister Musicae project.

State University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart
The State University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart is a professional school for musicians and performing artists in Stuttgart, Germany. Founded in 1857, it is one of the oldest schools of its kind in Germany. It offers programs in music, performing arts, and related disciplines. The university is structured into four faculties and eleven institutes, covering areas such as composition, music education, instrumental and vocal studies, conducting, acting, and puppetry. Its main building, located on the Stuttgart Kulturmeile, was completed in 2002. As of 2023, the university enrolled approximately 800 students and employed over 500 academic and administrative staff. Admission is based on an entrance examination.
Andrew Esinhart
Andrew Esinhart (December 27, 1838 – ca 1915) was a merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented La Prairie in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1871 to 1875 as a Conservative.

He was born in La Prairie, Lower Canada, the son of Andrew Eisenhart and Charlotte Barbeau, and became a merchant there. Esinhart owned a sawmill at Sainte-Clothilde and also operated a brick factory which failed in 1870. In 1867, he married Marie-Ézelda Valotte. He was defeated by Léon-Benoît-Alfred Charlebois when he ran for reelection to the Quebec assembly in 1875. In 1876, he moved to Iberville, where he owned a general store and grain warehouse. Esinhart was mayor of Iberville from 1882 to 1883. He later moved to the United States, where he died around 1915.

Sainte-Clotilde, Quebec
Sainte-Clotilde (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t klɔtild]) is a municipality in the  Jardins de Napierville Regional County Municipality in Quebec, Canada, situated in the Montérégie administrative region. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 2,646.

From 1984 to February 6, 2010, it was known as Sainte-Clotilde-de-Châteauguay.
Eastwood Gardens
Eastwood Gardens is a cricket ground in Gateshead, England which, like Feethams Cricket Ground, Grangefield Road, The Racecourse, Park Drive and Ropery Lane, was used by the Durham 1st XI between 1992 and 1994 prior to The Riverside Ground being built, since which it has not seen any 1st XI action. In 1992, the ground hosted two County Championship matches and one Sunday match, while in 1993 and 1994 the ground hosted one match in each of those two competitions.

Eastwood Gardens is the home of Gateshead Fell Cricket Club one of the top Club teams in the North East of England.

The ground has hosted 4 first-class matches and 5 List A matches.

Game Information:

Game Statistics: first-class:

Game Statistics: one-day matches:

Pro40
The NatWest Pro40 League was a one-day cricket league for first-class cricket counties in England and Wales. It was inaugurated in 1999, but was essentially the old Sunday League retitled to reflect large numbers of matches being played on days other than Sunday.
Hell's Bay trail
Hell's Bay trail is a canoe and kayak trail in the Everglades National Park. The trail is 5.5 miles (8.3 km) long and is mostly cattails, seagrass, and mangroves. Bull sharks, alligators, and other reptiles and animals occupy the area around the trail. There are several chickees and camps along the 5 mile route. The trail starts beside State Road 9336 and terminates at the junction between the Hell's Bay trail and the Everglades Paddling trail.

Canoe
A canoe is a lightweight, narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using paddles.

In British English, the term canoe can also refer to a kayak, whereas canoes are then called Canadian or open canoes to distinguish them from kayaks. However, for official competition purposes, the American distinction between a kayak and a canoe is almost always adopted. At the Olympics, both conventions are used: under the umbrella terms Canoe Slalom and Canoe Sprint, there are separate events for canoes and kayaks.
Johnson County Courthouse (Illinois)
The Johnson County Courthouse, located at Courthouse Square in Vienna, is the county courthouse serving Johnson County, Illinois. The courthouse was built from 1869 to 1871; as county records are unclear on the matter, the courthouse was either the fourth or fifth built in the county and the second or third in Vienna. Architect Niles Llewelly Wickwire designed the courthouse in the Italianate style. The courthouse's design features narrow arched windows with iron hoods, brick quoins on the corners, triangular pediments above the east and west entrances, and a bracketed cornice. The roof is topped by an octagonal cupola with a clock facing each side of the building. The courthouse has functioned continuously since its opening.

The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 9, 2010.

Quoin
Quoins (/kɔɪn/ or /kwɔɪn/) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble, while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. According to one 19th-century encyclopedia, these imply strength, permanence, and expense, all reinforcing the onlooker's sense of a structure's presence.

Stone quoins are used on stone or brick buildings. Brick quoins may appear on brick buildings, extending from the facing brickwork in such a way as to give the appearance of generally uniformly cut ashlar blocks of stone larger than the bricks. Where quoins are decorative and non-load-bearing a wider variety of materials is used, including timber, stucco, or other cement render.
First Flag Unfurling Site, Lewis and Clark Trail
The First Flag Unfurling Site is a historic site along the route of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in Lemhi County, Idaho. The site is located in the Bitterroot Mountains, 5 miles (8.0 km) north of the community of Tendoy. According to an entry in Clark's journal on August 13, 1805, Lewis unfurled an American flag at the site to greet two women whom the party encountered. Local researcher Dave Ainsworth determined that this encounter was the first time an American flag had been unfurled west of the Continental Divide; his findings were confirmed by a National Park Service historian.

The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 22, 1975. At the time, the site was marked by a historic sign, though several parties were planning to install a monument.

Meriwether Lewis
Meriwether Lewis (August 18, 1774 – October 11, 1809) was an American explorer, soldier, politician, and public administrator, best known for his role as the leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, also known as the Corps of Discovery, with William Clark.
Their mission was to explore the territory of the Louisiana Purchase, establish trade with, and sovereignty over the natives near the Missouri River, and claim the Pacific Northwest and Oregon Country for the United States before European nations. They also collected scientific data and information on indigenous nations. President Thomas Jefferson appointed him Governor of Upper Louisiana in 1806. He died in 1809 of gunshot wounds, in what was either a murder or suicide.
Claude Thornton
Christianity portal

Claude Cyprian Thornton was Archdeacon of Richmond from 1937 until his death on 22 September 1939.

Thornton was educated at Winchester College and Trinity College, Cambridge. Thornton was ordained in 1903. After curacies in St Helens, Merseyside and Bishopwearmouth he held incumbencies in Greasley and Sheffield. During World War I he served with the Royal Army Service Corps. After that he served in South London parishes until his Yorkshire appointment.

South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, mostly south of the River Thames. The region consists of the boroughs, in whole or in part, of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

South London originally emerged from Southwark, first recorded as Suthriganaweorc, meaning 'fort of the men of Surrey'. From Southwark, London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent.
Indiana Production
Indiana Production is an Italian multimedia company founded in December 2005 by Fabrizio Donvito and Marco Cohen. The international company has its headquarter in Milan, with subsidiaries in Rome and Los Angeles. Core business of the company is the production of a variety of contents: feature film, commercial, digital and branded content. Partners of the company are Fabrizio Donvito, Marco Cohen, Benedetto Habib and Karim Bartoletti.

Senza tempo
Senza tempo (Italian for 'Timeless') is a 2010 short film by Italian director Gabriele Muccino (director of The Last Kiss, Remember Me, My Love and The Pursuit of Happyness). The film is the result of a collaboration between Peroni Nastro Azzurro and Muccino and was shown in cinemas throughout the UK.
Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus
The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus.  It is involved in feeding, drinking, body-weight regulation and circadian activity. More specifically, it is a necessary component for the expression of numerous behavioral and physiological circadian rhythms. The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus receives information from neurons and humors involved in feeding regulation, body weight and energy consumption, and then passes this information on to brain regions involved in sleep and wakefulness regulation, body temperature and corticosteroid secretion.

Corticosteroid
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, and also their synthetic analogues. The two main classes of corticosteroids – glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids – are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior.

Some common naturally occurring steroid hormones are cortisol (C21H30O5), corticosterone (C21H30O4), cortisone (C21H28O5) and aldosterone (C21H28O5) (cortisone and aldosterone are isomers). The main corticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex are cortisol and aldosterone.
2018 CHA women's ice hockey tournament
The 2018 College Hockey America Women's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 16th tournament in league history played between March 1 and March 3, 2018, at the Harborcenter in Buffalo, New York. Mercyhurst won their 12th tournament and earned College Hockey America's automatic bid to the 2018 NCAA National Collegiate Women's Ice Hockey Tournament.

College Hockey America
College Hockey America (CHA) was a college ice hockey conference in the United States. It participated in the NCAA's Division I as a hockey-only conference. The conference's final membership featured six women's teams, with three in Pennsylvania; two in New York, and one in Missouri.

On April 30, 2024, CHA merged with the Atlantic Hockey Association to form Atlantic Hockey America in 2024–25.
GNU Smalltalk
GNU Smalltalk is an implementation of the Smalltalk programming language by the GNU Project.

The implementation, unlike other Smalltalk environments, uses text files for program input and interprets the contents as Smalltalk code. In this way, GNU Smalltalk acts more like an interpreter rather than an environment in the traditional Smalltalk manner.

GNU Smalltalk includes bindings for many free software libraries including SQLite, libSDL, cairo, gettext, and Expat.

Expat (software)
Expat is a stream-oriented XML 1.0 parser library, written in C, more precisely C99. As one of the first available open-source XML parsers, Expat has found a place in many open-source projects. Such projects include the Apache HTTP Server, Mozilla, Perl, Python and PHP. It is also  bound in many other languages.
Ushytsia
Ushytsia can refer to:

Stara Ushytsia, an urban-type settlement in the Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion of Khmelnytskyi Oblast in Ukraine

Nova Ushytsia, an urban-type settlement in the Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion of Khmelnytskyi Oblast

Nova Ushytsia Raion, a former district of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast

Ushytsia (river), a tributary of the Dniester in Ukraine

Nova Ushytsia
Nova Ushytsia (Ukrainian: Нова Ушиця; Yiddish: נײַ־אושיצע, romanized: Nay-Ushitze; Russian: Новая Ушица) is a rural settlement in Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Nova Ushytsia settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The settlement's population was 4,557 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census. Current population: 3,880 (2022 estimate).

The city is located in the historical region of Podolia.
Loizou
Loizou or Loϊzou (Greek: Λοΐζου) is a Greek patronymic surname meaning "the son of Loizos". Notable people with this surname include:

Christiana Loizu (originally Loizou; born 1990), Cypriot singer

Christoforos Loizou (born 1969), Cypriot footballer

Giorgos Loizou (born 1990), Cypriot footballer

Loizos Loizou (born 2003), Cypriot footballer

Olga Loizou (born 1961), Cypriot swimmer

Philipos C. Loizou (1965–2012), American professor of engineering

Philipos C. Loizou
Philipos (Philip) C. Loizou (Greek: Φίλιππος Λοΐζου, November 10, 1965 – July 22, 2012) was Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering (EE), Erik Jonsson School of Engineering & Computer Science at the University of Texas at Dallas (UTD).