hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vitalii Sapylo
Vitalii Romanovych Sapylo (Ukrainian: Віталій Романович Сапило; 3 September 2000 – 25 February 2022) was a lieutenant and the commander of a tank platoon in the 14th Separate Mechanized Brigade. He was a participant in the Russo-Ukrainian War.

14th Mechanized Brigade (Ukraine)
The 14th Mechanized Brigade named after Prince Roman the Great (Ukrainian: 14-та окрема механізована бригада імені князя Романа Великого, romanized: 14-ta okrema mekhanizovana bryhada imeni kniazia Romana Velykoho, abbreviated 14 ОМБр, 14 OMBr) is a unit of the Ukrainian Ground Forces formed in December 2014. It is based in Volodymyr as part of Operational Command West. The brigade has been actively participating in the ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine, as a result of the Russian invasion in 2022.
Fort Victoria (British Columbia)
Fort Victoria began as a fur trading post of the Hudson's Bay Company and was the headquarters of HBC operations in the Columbia District, a large fur trading area now part of the province of British Columbia, Canada and the U.S. state of Washington. Construction of Fort Victoria in 1843 highlighted the beginning of a permanent British settlement now known as Victoria, the capital city of British Columbia. The fort itself was demolished in November 1864 as the town continued to grow as a commercial centre serving the local area as well as trading with California, Washington Territory, the United Kingdom, and others.

The location of Fort Victoria was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1924.

Washington Territory
The Washington Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1853, until November 11, 1889, when the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Washington. It was created from the portion of the Oregon Territory north of the lower Columbia River and north of the 46th parallel east of the Columbia. At its largest extent, it also included the entirety of modern Idaho and parts of Montana and Wyoming, before attaining its final boundaries in 1863.

The territory was named after George Washington, a Founding Father and first president of the United States.
Caroline Medina
Caroline Gabriela Medina Peschiutta (born June 27, 1992 in Maracay) is a Venezuelan model and beauty pageant titleholder who won the titles of Teen Model Venezuela 2009, Miss Venezuela Earth 2010, Reina Hispanoamericana 2010 and Miss Earth - Fire 2011.

Venezuelans
Venezuelans (Spanish: venezolanos) are the citizens identified with the country of Venezuela. This connection may be through citizenship, descent or cultural. For most Venezuelans, many or all of these connections exist and are the source of their Venezuelan citizenship or their bond to Venezuela.

Venezuela is a diverse and multilingual country, home to a melting pot of people of distinct origins. As a result, many Venezuelans do not regard their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship or allegiance. From the 1820s to 1930s Venezuela received 2.1 million European immigrants, the third most in Latin America, behind Argentina and Brazil.
Atessa Val di Sangro SSD
Atessa Val di Sangro A.S.D. 2012  is an Italian association football club from Atessa, Abruzzo. It currently plays only in the youth sector: the main team is that of Allievi Regionali Abruzzo in the group B.

Atessa
Atessa (locally L'Atésse) is a  municipality in the province of Chieti, Abruzzo, south-eastern Italy. It is part of the Val di Sangro mountain community. It is the largest municipality in the province by extension and eighth by population.

The closest airport is Abruzzo Airport, which is 41 miles distance. The closest beach is Lido di Casalbordino, a 17 miles drive. The town hospital is Azienda Sanitaria Locale 2 Lanciano, though there are several other medical center options available in town. The closest railway station is Atessa Vasto-S. Salvo train station, 2 miles from city center.
Jalmenus daemeli
Jalmenus daemeli, the Daemel's blue, Dämel's blue or emerald hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae, and was first described in 1879 by Georg Semper It is endemic to the Australian states of New South Wales and Queensland, where it is found in coastal areas. It is named after Eduard Dämel, the collector of the type series (with Amalie Dietrich).

The wingspan is about 2 cm.

The larvae feed on a wide range of plants, including Acacia species, Eucalyptus melanophloia and Heterodendrum diversifolium.

The caterpillars are attended by the ant species Iridomyrmex rufoniger.

Amalie Dietrich
Koncordie Amalie Dietrich (née Nelle) (26 May 1821 – 9 March 1891) was a German naturalist who was best known for her work in Australia from 1863 to 1872, collecting specimens for the Museum Godeffroy in Hamburg.
The Dupes
The Dupes (Arabic: المخدوعون, 'al-makhdūʿūn') is a 1973 Syrian drama film directed and co-written by Tewfik Saleh and starring Mohamed Kheir-Halouani, Abderrahman Alrahy, Bassan Lotfi, Saleh Kholoki and Thanaa Debsi. Based on Ghassan Kanafani's 1963 novel, Men in the Sun, the film portrays the lives of three Palestinian refugees after the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight by following three generations of men who made their way from Palestine to Iraq in the hope of reaching Kuwait to pursue their dreams of freedom and prosperity. The Dupes received very positive reviews from critics and won multiple awards locally and internationally. It was entered into the 8th Moscow International Film Festival, where it was nominated for the Golden Prize, and the 1972 Carthage Film Festival, where it won the Tanit d'Or.

8th Moscow International Film Festival
The 8th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 10 to 23 July 1973. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Soviet film That Sweet Word: Liberty! directed by Vytautas Žalakevičius and the Bulgarian film Affection directed by Ludmil Staikov.
NGC 6355
NGC 6355 is a globular cluster located in the constellation Ophiuchus. It is at a distance of 28,000 light years away from Earth, and is currently part of the Galactic bulge.

NGC was discovered by the German-born British astronomer William Herschel on 24 May 1784. It was initially thought to be an open cluster, but its true nature as a globular cluster was later confirmed. It is a core-collapse cluster.

Galactic bulge
In astronomy, a galactic bulge (or simply bulge) is a tightly packed group of stars within a larger star formation. The term almost exclusively refers to the group of stars found near the center of most spiral galaxies. Bulges were historically thought to be elliptical galaxies that happened to have a disk of stars around them, but high-resolution images using the Hubble Space Telescope have revealed that many bulges lie at the heart of a spiral galaxy. It is now thought that there are at least two types of bulges: bulges that are like ellipticals and bulges that are like spiral galaxies.
Daifuku
Daifukumochi (大福餅), or daifuku (大福) (literally "great luck"), is a wagashi, a type of Japanese confection, consisting of a small round mochi stuffed with a sweet filling, most commonly anko, a sweetened red bean paste made from azuki beans. Daifuku is often served with green tea.

Daifuku comes in many varieties. The most common are white, pale green, or pale pink-colored mochi filled with anko. Daifuku are approximately 4 cm (1.5 in) in diameter. Nearly all are covered in a fine layer of rice flour (rice starch), corn starch, or potato starch to keep them from sticking to each other or to the fingers. Though mochitsuki is the traditional method of making mochi and daifuku, they can also be cooked in a microwave.

Rice flour
Rice flour (also rice powder) is a form of flour made from finely milled rice. It is distinct from rice starch, which is usually produced by steeping rice in lye. Rice flour is a common substitute for wheat flour. It is also used as a thickening agent in recipes that are refrigerated or frozen since it inhibits liquid separation.

Rice flour may be made from either white rice, brown rice or glutinous rice. To make the flour, the husk of rice or paddy is removed and raw rice is obtained, which is then ground to flour.
Tara Theatre
The Tara Theatre is an art house movie theater located in Atlanta. The theater specializes in the showing of independent films, the only theater in Atlanta to do so exclusively. Under the current ownership the Tara has become part of the Atlanta Film Festival.

Atlanta Film Festival
The Atlanta Film Festival (ATLFF) is an Oscar-qualifying international film festival held in Atlanta, Georgia and operated by the Atlanta Film Society, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Started in 1976 and occurring every spring, the festival shows a diverse range of independent films, with special attention paid to women-directed films, LGBTQ films, Latin American films, Black films and films from the American Southeast. ATLFF is one of only a handful of festivals that are Academy Award-qualifying in all three short film categories.
Why Don't You Do Right?
"Why Don't You Do Right?" (originally recorded as "Weed Smoker's Dream" in 1936) is an American blues and jazz-influenced pop song usually credited to Kansas Joe McCoy. A minor key twelve-bar blues with a few chord substitutions, it is considered a classic "woman's blues" song and has become a standard. Singer Lil Green recorded a popular rendition in 1941, which Peggy Lee recorded the next year – accompanied by Benny Goodman – and made one of her signature songs.

The song appeared in the 1988 film Who Framed Roger Rabbit, performed by actress Amy Irving as the singing voice of Jessica Rabbit.

Chord substitution
In music theory, chord substitution is the technique of using a chord in place of another in a progression of chords, or a chord progression. Much of the European classical repertoire and the vast majority of blues, jazz and rock music songs are based on chord progressions. "A chord substitution occurs when a chord is replaced by another that is made to function like the original. Usually substituted chords possess two pitches in common with the triad that they are replacing."
Lexical chain
The sequence between semantic related ordered words is classified as a lexical chain. A lexical chain is a sequence of related words in writing, spanning narrow (adjacent words or sentences) or wide context windows (an entire text). A lexical chain is independent of the grammatical structure of the text and in effect it is a list of words that captures a portion of the cohesive structure of the text. A lexical chain can provide a context for the resolution of an ambiguous term and enable disambiguation of concepts that the term represents. Examples include:

Rome → capital → city → inhabitant

Wikipedia → resource → web

Context window
The context window is the maximum length of input a large language model (LLM) can consider at once. In the development and maturation of LLM technology expanding the context window has been a major goal. The length of a context window is measured in tokens. In 2025, the Gemini LLM had the largest context window with two million tokens.

In some models the context length is limited by the size of inputs during the training runs. However, attention mechanisms can be adopted to allow LLMs to interpret sequences that are much longer than those observed at training time.
The Butterfly Collection
The Butterfly Collection is the second and final full-length album from Californian hardcore punk band The Nerve Agents.

It was released by Hellcat Records and distributed by Epitaph Records in July 2001.

Redemption 87
Redemption 87 was an American East Bay hardcore punk band containing ex-members of Unit Pride, Skankin' Pickle, and Token Entry. It also included future members of AFI and the Nerve Agents.

Their goal was to reclaim "hardcore" from the crossover heavy metal music it had become and return it to its punk roots. They were heavily influenced by New York hardcore bands including Youth of Today, Sick of It All, Warzone, and Gorilla Biscuits.

In 1995 they released their first EP, The Spidey Sessions, which contained four songs. Some of these songs were also included in their 13-song first album in 1997, which was self-titled. They released their last album, All Guns Poolside, in 1999, which contained 13 songs, three of which were covers of songs by Cro-mags, Negative Approach and Bad Brains.

In 1999, the band dissolved and Jade Puget joined AFI, while Eric Ozenne formed The Nerve Agents.
Barbara Goff
Barbara Elizabeth Goff is a Classics Professor at the University of Reading. She specialises in Greek tragedy and its reception; women in antiquity; postcolonial classics and reception of Greek political thought.

Greek tragedy
Greek tragedy (Ancient Greek: τραγῳδία, romanized: tragōidía) is one of the three principal theatrical genres from Ancient Greece and Greek-inhabited Anatolia, along with comedy and the satyr play. It reached its most significant form in Athens in the 5th century BC, the works of which are sometimes called Attic tragedy.

Greek tragedy is widely believed to be an extension of the ancient rites carried out in honor of Dionysus, the god of wine and theatre, and it greatly influenced the theatre of Ancient Rome and the Renaissance. Tragic plots were most often based upon myths from the oral traditions of archaic epics. In tragic theatre, however, these narratives were presented by actors. The most acclaimed Greek tragedians are Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. These tragedians often explored many themes of human nature, mainly as a way of connecting with the audience but also as way of bringing the audience into the play.
CopA-like RNA
CopA-like RNA is a family of non-coding RNAs found on the R1 plasmid.

In several groups of bacterial plasmids, antisense RNAs regulate copy number through inhibition of replication initiator protein synthesis. These RNAs are characterised by a long hairpin structure interrupted by several unpaired nucleotides or bulged loops. In plasmid R1, the inhibitory complex between the antisense RNA (CopA) and its target mRNA (CopT) is characterised by a four-way junction structure and a side-by-side helical alignment.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
2012 Open Sud de France
The 2012 Open Sud de France was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 25th edition of the Open Sud de France, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Arena Montpellier in Montpellier, France, from 28 January to 5 February 2012. It was the first edition to be held in January and the second held in Montpellier.

Gaël Monfils
Gaël Sébastien Monfils (French pronunciation: [ɡaɛl mɔ̃fis]; born 1 September 1986) is a French professional tennis player. He has been ranked as high as world No. 6 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), achieved in November 2016. Monfils has won 13 ATP Tour singles titles, out of 35 finals contested. His best results at the majors are two semifinals, at the 2008 French Open and 2016 US Open.

Monfils was named the ATP Newcomer of the Year in 2005. He reached at least one ATP Tour singles final every year for 19 consecutive seasons from 2005 to 2023, and is one of five players in the Open Era to do so for 19 or more seasons. He is also eighth among active players with over 550 career match wins. In 2025, Monfils became the oldest ATP Tour champion since the Tour's establishment in 1990.
Šklėriai (Varėna)
Šklėriai is a village in Varėna district municipality, in Alytus County, southeastern Lithuania.

Šklėriai village is located c. 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Druskininkai, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Marcinkonys, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Margionys (the nearest settlement) and 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the Belarusian border.

Druskininkai
Druskininkai (Lithuanian pronunciation: [ˈdrʊsʲkʲɪnʲɪŋkɐɪ]; also see other names) is a spa city on the Nemunas River in southern Lithuania, close to the borders of Belarus and Poland. The city of Druskininkai is known for being a spa resort since the 19th century.
Pitticow River
The Pitticow River is a river in the north of the Unorganized Part of Kenora District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Hudson Bay drainage basin and is a right tributary of the Fawn River. The Pitticow River can be used to cross between the Severn River/ Fawn River drainage basin to the Winisk River drainage basin, the next major basin to the east.

Kenora District
Kenora District is a district and census division in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. The district seat is the City of Kenora.

It is geographically the largest division in Ontario: at 407,213.01 square kilometres (157,225.82 sq mi), it covers 38 percent of the province's area, making it larger than Newfoundland and Labrador, and slightly smaller than Sweden or roughly the land size of California. Kenora District also has the lowest population density of any of Ontario's census divisions (it ranks 37th out of 50 by total population).

The district was created in 1907 from parts of Rainy River District. The northern part (north of the Albany River) only became part of Ontario in 1912 (transferred from the Northwest Territories). The separate Patricia District upon transfer, it was in 1937 annexed to Kenora District and known sometimes as the Patricia Portion.
Rowatt
Rowatt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alison Rowatt (born 1981), Scottish field hockey player

Hugh H. Rowatt (1861–1938), Canadian civil servant

Thomas Rowatt (1879–1950), Scottish engineer

Hugh H. Rowatt
Hugh Howard Rowatt, CMG (August 17, 1861 – November 13, 1938) was a Canadian civil servant who served as the commissioner of the Northwest Territories between 1931 and 1934.

A civil servant with the Department of Interior, Howlatt was appointed Commissioner of the Northwest Territories on March 31, 1931, serving until April 30, 1934. At the age of 69, he remains the older person to ever be sworn into the office.
Stabburselva
Stabburselva (Kven: Rautusjoki; Northern Sami: Rávttošjohka) is a river in Porsanger Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The 60-kilometre (37 mi) long river runs through the Stabbursdalen valley which is in the Stabbursdalen National Park which contains the world's most northerly pine forest. The river empties into the Porsangerfjorden about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of Lakselv, along the European route E06 highway.

The Stabburselva river has the reputation of being a good salmon fishing river, along with the nearby rivers Lakselva and Børselva.

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
Atlantropa
Atlantropa, also referred to as Panropa, was a gigantic engineering and colonisation idea that German architect Herman Sörgel devised in the 1920s, and promoted until his death in 1952. The proposal included several hydroelectric dams at key points on the Mediterranean Sea, such as the Strait of Gibraltar and the Bosporus, to cause a sea level drop and reclaim land.

Land reclamation
Land reclamation, often known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill), is the process of creating new land from oceans, seas, riverbeds or lake beds. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground, reclaimed land, or land fill. The term "reclamation" is a misnomer, and promotes confusion with land rehabilitation.
Silver Spurs (1936 film)
Silver Spurs is a 1936 American Western film directed by Ray Taylor and written by Joseph F. Poland. Starring Buck Jones, Muriel Evans, George "Gabby" Hayes, J. P. McGowan, Robert Frazer and W. E. Lawrence, it was released on January 29, 1936, by Universal Pictures.

Joseph F. Poland
Joseph Franklin Poland (September 4, 1892 – March 23, 1962) was an American screenwriter. He wrote for more than 130 films between 1913 and 1954. He was born in Waterbury, Connecticut and died in Los Angeles, California.
2011 Botswana FA Cup
The 2011 FA Challenge Cup was the 44th edition of the FA Challenge Cup, Botswana's premier football knockout tournament. It was sponsored by Coca-Cola and was known as the Coca-Cola Cup for sponsorship reasons. It started with the qualification round on 5 February 2011 and concluded with the final on 30 April 2011. The winner qualified for the 2013 CAF Confederation Cup.

Township Rollers were the defending champions but were eliminated by Uniao Flamengo Santos on penalties in the semifinals. Extension Gunners went on to win the title for a third time, ending a 17-year trophy drought.

Coca-Cola Beverages Africa
Coca-Cola Beverages Africa is a company that was formed in 2014 from the merger of SABMiller plc, The Coca-Cola Company and Gutsche Family Investments beverage bottling operations in Southern and East Africa.
Emmitsburg Historic District
The Emmitsburg Historic District  is a national historic district in Emmitsburg, Frederick County, Maryland. The district is predominantly residential and includes most of the older area of the town extending along Main Street and Seton Avenue.  Also included are several commercial buildings and churches interspersed among the dwellings. The buildings are primarily two-story sided log or brick, dating from the late 18th to the mid 19th centuries. Some later 19th century buildings in this area include some large Italianate-influenced buildings forming the northeast and southeast corners of the main square; an area destroyed by fire in 1863. Settlement began in the region during the 1730s, bringing Protestant Germans and Scotch-Irish from Pennsylvania, as well as English Catholics from Tidewater Maryland.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

Frederick County, Maryland
Frederick County is located in Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 271,717. The county seat is Frederick. The county is part of the Capital region of the state.

Like other outlying sections of the Washington metropolitan area, Frederick County has experienced a rapid population increase since the 1980s. It borders the southern border of Pennsylvania and the northeastern border of Virginia.

Catoctin Mountain Park in the county is the location of Camp David, a U.S. presidential retreat, and Fort Detrick, a U.S. Army base.