hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
4-(Gamma-L-glutamylamino)butanoyl-(BtrI acyl-carrier protein) monooxygenase
4-(gamma-L-glutamylamino)butanoyl-(BtrI acyl-carrier protein) monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.13, btrO (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name 4-(gamma-L-glutamylamino)butanoyl-(BtrI acyl-carrier protein),FMN:oxygen oxidoreductase (2-hydroxylating). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

4-(gamma-L-glutamylamino)butanoyl-[BtrI acyl-carrier protein] + FMNH2 + O2  4-(gamma-L-glutamylamino)-(2S)-2-hydroxybutanoyl-[BtrI acyl-carrier protein] + FMN + H2O

4-(gamma-L-glutamylamino)butanoyl-(BtrI acyl-carrier protein) monooxygenase catalyses a step in the biosynthesis of the side chain of the aminoglycoside antibiotics of the butirosin family.

Side chain
In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a side chain is a chemical group that is attached to a core part of the molecule called the "main chain" or backbone. The side chain is a hydrocarbon branching element of a molecule that is attached to a larger hydrocarbon backbone. It is one factor in determining a molecule's properties and reactivity. A side chain is also known as a pendant chain, but a pendant group (side group) has a different definition.
Hagen (given name)
Hagen is a masculine given name. Bearers of the name include:

Hagen Danner (born 1998), American baseball player

Hagen Kearney (born 1991), American snowboarder

Hagen Kleinert (born 1941), German theoretical physicist

Hagen Kunze (born 1973), German journalist, music critic and playwright

Hagen Liebing (1961–2016), German bass player for the punk band Die Ärzte and journalist

Hagen von Ortloff (born 1949), German television presenter

Hagen Reeck (born 1959), German football manager and former player

Hagen Reinhold (born 1978), German politician

Hagen Rether (born 1969), Romanian-born German political cabaret artist and musician

Hagen Schulte (born 1993), New Zealand rugby union player

Hagen Schulze (1943–2014), German historian

Hagen Stamm (born 1960), German former water polo player

Hagen Stehr (born 1941), German-born Australian businessman

Hagen Kearney
Hagen Kearney (born November 6, 1991) is an American snowboarder who competes internationally.

He competed for the US at the FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2017 in Sierra Nevada, Spain, where he won a gold medal in the men's snowboard team cross, along with Nick Baumgartner.

He competed for the US at the XXIII Olympic Winter Games in Pyeongchang County, Gangwon Province, South Korea, where he placed 13th overall in the Men's Snowboard Cross.
End-diastolic volume
In cardiovascular physiology, end-diastolic volume (EDV) is the volume of blood in the right or left ventricle at the end of filling during diastole, the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle. Because greater EDVs cause greater distention of the ventricle, EDV is often used synonymously with preload, which refers to the length of the sarcomeres in cardiac muscle prior to contraction (systole). An increase in EDV increases the preload on the heart and, through the Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart, increases the amount of blood ejected from the ventricle during systole (stroke volume).

Systole
Systole (/ˈsɪstəli/ SIST-ə-lee) is the part of the cardiac cycle during which some chambers of the  heart contract after refilling with blood. Its contrasting phase is diastole, the relaxed phase of the cardiac cycle when the chambers of the heart are refilling with blood.
Orient Hotel, The Rocks
The Orient Hotel is a heritage-listed pub located at 87–89 George Street, in the inner city Sydney suburb of The Rocks in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1843 to 1844. The property is owned by Property NSW, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 10 May 2002.

Property and Development NSW
Property and Development NSW is a statutory body of the Government of New South Wales that manages the State's significant property portfolio and its places. Formed on 1 July 2016, Property and Development NSW encompasses the entities of the former Government Property NSW (GPNSW), the former Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority (SHFA), Teacher Housing Authority of NSW (THA) and Waste Assets Management Corporation (WAMC).

Services provided by Property and Development NSW include:

leading property reform

active portfolio and asset management

delivering transactions and major projects

place making and heritage conservation, and

valuation services

The authority is led by chief executive officer, presently Leon Walker.
Halfwidth and fullwidth forms
In CJK (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) computing, graphic characters are traditionally classed into fullwidth and halfwidth characters. Unlike monospaced fonts, a halfwidth character occupies half the width of a fullwidth character, hence the name.

Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms is also the name of a Unicode block U+FF00–FFEF, provided so that older encodings containing both halfwidth and fullwidth characters can have lossless translation to and from Unicode.

CJK characters
In internationalization, CJK characters is a collective term for graphemes used in the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean writing systems, which each include Chinese characters. It can also go by CJKV to include Chữ Nôm, the Chinese-origin logographic script formerly used for the Vietnamese language, or CJKVZ to also include Sawndip, used to write the Zhuang languages.
Mole toadlet
The mole toadlet (Uperoleia talpa) is a species of frog in the family Myobatrachidae.
It is endemic to Western Australia.
Its natural habitats are dry savanna and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.

Its closest relative is thought to be the Pilbara toadlet (Uperoleia saxatilis), described in 2011.

Myobatrachidae
Myobatrachidae, commonly known as Australian ground frogs or Australian water frogs, is a family of frogs found in Australia and New Guinea. Members of this family vary greatly in size, from species less than 1.5 cm (0.59 in) long, to the second-largest frog in Australia, the giant barred frog (Mixophyes iteratus), at 12 cm (4.7 in) in length. The entire family is either terrestrial or aquatic frogs, with no arboreal species.
Saint Albina
The name Albina comes from  Albina, "the White Goddess," the Etruscan goddess of the dawn and protector of ill-fated lovers. It was a common name in ancient Rome.  According to Nennius,  Britain gains its earliest name, Albion from Albina, the White Goddess, the  eldest of the fifty Danaïdes.
There appear to be several different women named Albina remembered as saints in the Roman Catholic Church.

Albina (mythology)
Albina, also known as Albine or The White Goddess, is a goddess (possibly Etruscan) associated with the dawn and the founding of Great Britain. She is first mentioned in the Anglo-Norman poem Des Grantz Geanz. Other sources claim that she presides over doomed love.
Hugh McMonagle
Hugh McMonagle (1817 – October 12, 1889) was an inn-keeper and political figure in New Brunswick, later a province of Canada. He represented King County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1856 to 1857.

He was born in Hillsborough, Albert County, the son of Cornelius McMonagle, a native of Ireland, and Anne Scott. McMonagle later settled in Sussex Corner. He was married twice: first to Margaret Roach and then to Mary Roach, her sister. McMonagle raised cows and work horses as well as raising and training pure-bred race horses. He introduced the Morgan horse to New Brunswick. McMonagle's horse Livingstone defeated George Gilbert's Retriever in the so-called "Great race of 1847".

Kings County, New Brunswick
Kings County  is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada. Its historical shire town is Hampton and it was named as an expression of loyalty to the British Crown. Both the Saint John and Kennebecasis rivers pass through the county.

Approximately half of the Kings County population of 71,184 (as of 2021) lives in suburbs of the nearby city of Saint John.
Annie Reickert
Annie Starr Reickert (born July 17, 2001) is a Hawaiian big wave surfer.

She is the first woman to foil the Ka’iwi Channel between Molokai and Oahu in Hawaii and came third at the Jaws Big Wave Competition in 2018.

In 2022 she won the Biggest Paddle division of the Big Wave Awards by the World Surf League.

In 2024 she was invited to compete in “The Eddie”.

The Eddie
The Eddie Aikau Big Wave Invitational (colloquially, "The Eddie") is a big wave surfing tournament held at Waimea Bay on the north shore of Oahu, Hawaii.  The tournament is named for native Hawaiian champion big wave surfer and life-saving Waimea Bay lifeguard Eddie Aikau.  Created in 1984 at nearby Sunset Beach, the invitational tournament moved to the notoriously big-waved Waimea Bay, where Aikau's family maintains an ancestral tradition as caretakers of Waimea Valley.

Previously, The Eddie was formally the Quiksilver in Memory of Eddie Aikau until 2016, after which sponsor Quiksilver and the Aikau family could not agree to terms for a new contract; since 2024 it has been called the Rip Curl Eddie Aikau Big Wave Invitational after the surfing apparel company Rip Curl took over sponsorship of the event. The tournament draws crowds of up to 50,000 people and can be seen from Kamehameha Highway in Waimea Bay on O‘ahu.
Stellar archaeology
Stellar archaeology is the study of the early history of the universe, based on its early composition. By examining the chemical abundances of the earliest stars in the universe: metal-poor, Population II stars; insights are gained into their earlier, metal-free, Population III progenitors. This sheds light on such processes as galaxy formation and evolution, early star formation, nucleosynthesis in stars and supernovae, and the formation processes of the galactic halo. The field has already discovered that the Milky Way cannibalizes surrounding dwarf galaxies, giving it a youthful appearance.

Dwarf galaxy
A dwarf galaxy is a small galaxy composed of about 1000 up to several billion stars, as compared to the Milky Way's 200–400 billion stars. The Large Magellanic Cloud, which closely orbits the Milky Way and contains over 30 billion stars, is sometimes classified as a dwarf galaxy; others consider it a full-fledged galaxy. Dwarf galaxies' formation and activity are thought to be heavily influenced by interactions with larger galaxies. Astronomers identify numerous types of dwarf galaxies, based on their shape and composition.
Osmanoğlu family
Osmanoğlu family is a family belonging to the historical House of Osman, which was the ruling house of the Ottoman Empire from 1299 until the abolition of the Ottoman sultanate in 1922, and the Ottoman Caliphate from 1517 until the abolition of the caliphate in 1924. In 1924, members of the Osmanoğlu family were forced into exile. Their descendants now live in many countries throughout Europe, as well as in the United States, the Middle East, and since they have been permitted to return to their homeland, many now also live in Turkey. The female members of the dynasty were allowed to return after 1951, and the male members after 1973. The family adopted the surname of Osmanoğlu, meaning "son of Osman".

Abolition of the Ottoman sultanate
The Grand National Assembly of Turkey abolished the monarchy on 1 November 1922 and ended the Ottoman Empire, which had lasted from c. 1299. On 11 November 1922, at the Conference of Lausanne, the sovereignty of the Grand National Assembly exercised by the Government in Angora (now Ankara) over Turkey was recognized. The last sultan, Mehmed VI, departed the Ottoman capital, Constantinople (now Istanbul), on 17 November 1922 aboard HMS Malaya. The legal position was solidified with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne on 24 July 1923 and the proclamation of the Republic of Turkey on 29 October 1923. In March 1924 the Caliphate was abolished, marking the end of the last remnant of the former monarchy.
Miss Chinese International Pageant 2003
The 15th anniversary of the pageant, Miss Chinese International Pageant 2003 was held on January 25, 2003 in Hong Kong.  TVB of Hong Kong broadcast and distributed the pageant worldwide. In the end, Miss Chinese International 2002 Shirley Zhou of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada crowned Rachel Tan of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia as the new winner.

Rachel Tan
Rachel Tan Weng Kim, 陈泳锦, is a former Miss Chinese International who represented Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia when she captured the prestigious title in Hong Kong, in 2003. She was 20 when she competed and was the only Malaysian to ever hold the title, though Malaysian representatives have a striking track record in the pageant.

Tan was born on May 5, 1982, in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.  She has a bachelor's degree in law from University of Sheffield, and a master's degree in law from University of Cambridge.

Tan's Chinese origin is Fujian, and she speaks three languages: Cantonese, English and Malay.
Kütahya Archaeology Museum
Kütahya Archaeological Museum is a museum in Kütahya, Turkey.

The museum is located in the Vacidiye Medrese, a historical medrese (Islamic school) building commissioned by the Germinyanid ruler Umur in 1314. It is next to Kütahya Ulu Mosque ("Grand mosque") at 39°25′02″N 29°58′34″E﻿ / ﻿39.41722°N 29.97611°E﻿ / 39.41722; 29.97611. In 1965 it was opened as a museum. After a period of restoration it was reopened on 5 March 1999.

The building material is cut stone and the portal is of Seljukid style. There are nine rooms. The exhibits span the Paleolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Hittite, Phrygian, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Seljukid and Ottoman eras. The oldest items are painted ceramics from Hacılar.

One interesting item is a sarcophagus of a supposed Amazon, a rare specimen.

Hacilar
Hacilar, or Hacılar Höyük ("Hacilar Mound"), is an early human settlement in southwestern Turkey, 23 km south of present-day Burdur. It has been dated back 7040 BC at its earliest stage of development. Archaeological remains indicate that the site was abandoned and reoccupied on more than one occasion in its history.
Acrobasis vaccinii
Acrobasis vaccinii, the cranberry fruitworm, is a moth of the family Pyralidae described by Charles Valentine Riley in 1884. It is found in North America from Nova Scotia to Florida and from Wisconsin to Texas, it is introduced in the state of Washington.

The wingspan is 16–18 mm.

The larvae feed on Vaccinium corymbosum, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Vaccinium vitis-idaea and Vaccinium stamineum. Larvae feed inside a berry until most of its contents have been consumed. Larvae are mostly green, with some brownish-red pigmentation on the dorsal surface, and grow to about half an inch before pupation. Full-grown larvae over winter in a cocoon, and emerge as adults after full bloom and fruit set. Female moths lay their eggs on the fruit, usually on or within the calyx cup of unripe berries. One generation emerges each year, with each larvae feeding on as many as eight berries to complete its development.

Vaccinium corymbosum
Vaccinium corymbosum is a North American species of blueberry that became commonly cultivated as a fresh fruit crop in the 20th century. Dozens of commercial cultivars exist.

It has several common names, including highbush blueberry and rabbiteye blueberry. It can be used as an ornamental hedge and food source for humans and wildlife.
Kocher–Debre–Semelaigne syndrome
Kocher–Debré–Semelaigne syndrome (KDSS) is hypothyroidism in infancy or childhood characterised by lower extremity or generalized muscular hypertrophy (Herculean appearance), myxoedema, short stature, and cognitive impairment.

The syndrome is named after Emil Theodor Kocher, Robert Debré and Georges Semelaigne. Also known as Debré–Semelaigne syndrome or cretinism-muscular hypertrophy, hypothyroid myopathy, hypothyroidism-large muscle syndrome, hypothyreotic muscular hypertrophy in children, infantile myxoedema-muscular hypertrophy, myopathy-myxoedema syndrome, myxoedema-muscular hypertrophy syndrome, myxoedema-myotonic dystrophy syndrome.

The adult-onset form of this syndrome is Hoffmann syndrome. Some sources claim that two of the differentiating symptoms between KDSS and Hoffmann syndrome is that Hoffmann syndrome lacks painful spasms and pseudomyotonia; however, this claim is in conflict with other sources that list these symptoms as also being present in Hoffmann syndrome.

Myxedema
Myxedema (British English: myxoedema) is a term used synonymously with severe hypothyroidism, but also to describe a dermatological change that can occur in hypothyroidism and (rare) paradoxical cases of hyperthyroidism. In this latter sense, myxedema refers to deposition of mucopolysaccharides in the dermis, which results in swelling of the affected area. One manifestation of myxedema occurring in the lower limb is pretibial myxedema, a hallmark of Graves disease, an autoimmune form of hyperthyroidism. Myxedema can also occur in Hashimoto thyroiditis and other long-standing forms of hypothyroidism.
Rhae-Christie Shaw
Rhae-Christie Shaw (born 20 November 1975) is a Canadian former road cyclist. She participated at the 2011 UCI Road World Championships and 2012 UCI Road World Championships. Shaw was the winner of the criterium at the 2012 Canadian National Road Championships, and won a silver medal in the time trial at the 2012 Pan American Cycling Championships.

2011 UCI Road World Championships
The 2011 UCI Road World Championships took place in Copenhagen, Denmark, over 19–25 September 2011. The event consisted of a cycling road race and a time trial for men, women, men under 23, and for the first time since 2004 the junior men and junior women competed at the same event as the elite riders. It was the 78th running of the Road World Championships. Castelfidardo near Loreto in Italy was also a candidate, but Italy held the UCI Road World Championships in Varese in 2008. It was the first time that Denmark has hosted the event since 1956, when it was also held in Copenhagen.
North Carolina's 7th congressional district
North Carolina's 7th congressional district stretches from Wilmington and the South Carolina border to parts of Fayetteville.

The district is represented by David Rouzer, a Republican. He has been in office since 2015.

From 2003 to 2013, it covered Bladen, Brunswick, Columbus, Cumberland, Duplin, New Hanover, Pender, Robeson, and Sampson counties.

On February 23, 2022, the North Carolina Supreme Court approved a new map which changed the 7th district boundaries to remove Duplin and Sampson counties and add part of Cumberland County.

North Carolina Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the State of North Carolina is the state of North Carolina's highest appellate court. Until the creation of the North Carolina Court of Appeals in the 1960s, it was the state's only appellate court. The Supreme Court consists of six associate justices and one chief justice, although the number of justices has varied.  The primary function of the Supreme Court is to decide questions of law that have arisen in the lower courts and before state administrative agencies.
Greenskeepers
Greenskeepers are an indie rock/new wave band from Chicago. Their song "Lotion" is a tribute to the character Buffalo Bill, the fictional serial killer featured in the 1991 film The Silence of the Lambs. "Lotion" also came in at #90 in the 2004 Triple J Hottest 100.
Their track "Low & Sweet" was listed in British DJ John Peel's 2001 Festive Fifty. Their song "Vagabond" has been featured in the popular video game Grand Theft Auto IV on the in-game radio station "Radio Broker".

Buffalo Bill (The Silence of the Lambs)
Jame Gumb (known by the nickname "Buffalo Bill") is a fictional character and the main antagonist of Thomas Harris's 1988 novel The Silence of the Lambs and its 1991 film adaptation, in which he is played by Ted Levine. In the film and the novel, he is a serial killer who lures, kidnaps, and skins women for the purpose of making a "woman suit" to fulfill his desire of female transformation. In the television series Clarice, he is portrayed by Simon Northwood.
Wauna, Oregon
Wauna is an unincorporated community on the Columbia River in Clatsop County, Oregon, United States. According to Oregon Geographic Names, it names a Native American mythological being associated with the Columbia River. There was a post office in Wauna from January 21, 1911, to circa 1980. Wauna is best known as the home of a Georgia-Pacific paper mill.

Oregon Geographic Names
Oregon Geographic Names is a compilation of the origin and meaning of place names in the U.S. state of Oregon, published by the Oregon Historical Society. The book was originally published in 1928. It was compiled and edited by Lewis A. McArthur. As of 2011, the book is in its seventh edition, which was compiled and edited by Lewis L. McArthur (who died in 2018).
Manethi
Manethi is a village in Khol and development block of Rewari district in southern region of Haryana state of India. It is located off NH26 about 20 km southeast of Mahendragarh, 25 km west of Rewari, 30 km east of Narnaul, 63 km west of Manesar, 79 km north of Alwar, 90 km west of Gurugram, 96 northeast of Sariska Tiger Reserve, 110 km west of national capital Delhi and 335 km southwest of the state capital Chandigarh. Kund Railway Station and Kathuwas Railway Station are the nearest stations.

Rewari
Rewari is a city and a municipal council in Rewari district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is the district headquarters of Rewari district. It is located in south-west Haryana around 82 km from Delhi and 51 km from Gurgaon. It lies in Ahirwal region.
Shahi Masjid
The Shahi Masjid, also known as the Masjid Awan e Shahi , the Public Garden Mosque, and as the Bagh E Aam ke Masjid, is a mosque, located within the Public Gardens, adjacent to Telangana Legislative Assembly, in Hyderabad, in the Hyderabad district of the state of Telangana, India.

In 1924 the Nizam of Hyderabad Mir Osman Ali Khan commissioned the construction of the Shahi Masjid thru "the City Improvement Board" and was completed in 1933. The mosque served as a principal mosque for the VII Nizam and his courtiers.

Hyderabad district, India
Hyderabad district is a district in the state of Telangana in India that contains a part of the metropolitan area of Hyderabad. It is headed by a district collector who is drawn from the IAS cadre and is appointed by the state government. It is the smallest of all the districts in the state, but has the highest population density. Old MCH area, which is central region of Hyderabad city comes under this district. The district shares boundaries with Ranga Reddy and Medchal districts.
Eabh
The European Association for Banking and Financial History (eabh) is an independent, non-profit association based in Frankfurt am Main. Founded in 1990, eabh aims to promote research on banking history; support the preservation historically valuable archive material of public and private banking institutions; and facilitate dialogue on key challenges and opportunities to the historical study of finance, insurance, and globalization. It maintains a global network of financial professionals and academics who meet to discuss and encourage projects in the field of financial and banking history. The eabh currently has 80 member organisations.

Herman Van der Wee
Herman Frans Anna baron Van der Wee (born 10 July 1928) is a Belgian economic historian. He was a full professor of social and economic history at the KU Leuven from 1969 to 1993. The academic output of Van der Wee spans economic history, the history of banking, financial history. He has performed research on the period from the Middle Ages to the present time. Geographically he has performed broad research as well, looking into Antwerp, Belgium, the Low Countries, Europe and the world.