hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vasai Creek
Vasai Creek, previously Bassein Creek, is an estuary and one of the two main distributaries of the Ulhas River, in the Konkan division of Maharashtra, India. The Ulhas splits at the northeast corner of Salsette island into its two main distributaries, the other one being the Thane Creek, both of which empty into the Arabian Sea. The creek forms the northern boundary of Salsette island and separates the island from mainland of Konkan. It gets its name from the city of Vasai, previously Bassein, located on the northern bank of the creek.

Konkan division
Konkan division is one of the six administrative divisions of Maharashtra state in India. It comprises the central portions of the Konkani region, excluding Goa and Daman, which were absorbed into Maharashtra owing to the States Reorganisation of India. Konkan division is the western section of present-day Maharashtra, alongside the west coast of India. The two districts of the state capital of Mumbai (Bombay) also fall into this division.
Cabarete
Cabarete is a town in the Puerto Plata province of the Dominican Republic, noted for its tourism and beaches. It is located on Camino Cinco, locally referred to as Calle Principal, approximately 11 miles (18 km) from the airport of Puerto Plata (POP).

Provinces of the Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic is divided into 31 provinces (provincias), while the national capital, Santo Domingo, is contained within its own district.

The division of the country into provinces is laid down in the constitution (Title I, Section II, Article 5) and enacted by law. The latter is currently Law 5220 on the Territorial Division of the Dominican Republic (Ley No. 5220 sobre División Territorial de la República Dominicana), issued 1959 and frequently amended to create new provinces and lower-level administrative units.
Inverness Burghs (UK Parliament constituency)
Inverness Burghs was a district of burghs constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain (at Westminster) from 1708 to 1801 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (also at Westminster) from 1801 to 1918. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP).

There was also, 1708 to 1918, the Inverness-shire constituency, which was, as its name implies, a county constituency.

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
Pratima (Jainism)
In Jainism, Pratima (Sanskrit: प्रतिमा) is a step or a stage marking the spiritual rise of a lay person (shravak). There are eleven such steps called pratima. After passing the eleven steps, one is no longer a sravaka, but a muni (monk).

Rules prescribed for laymen are divided into twelve vrata (vows) and eleven pratimas (steps) and are described in several codes of conduct (shravakacharas).

The pratimas are mentioned in several ancient texts like Uvasagadasao, Samavayanga Sutra, Jayadhavala, Ratnakaranda Shravakachara (2nd century A.D.).

Samavayanga Sutra
Samavāyāṅga Sūtra (c. 3rd-4th century BCE) is the 4th amongst the 12 Angas of the Jaina canon. The sutra is believed to have been composed by Gaṇadhara Sudharmasvāmī. This text contains the essence of Jain religion, defined and catalogued systematically. Written c. 300 BCE, it is a part of the collection of texts containing Lord Mahavira’s teachings, collectively termed as Agama Sutras. Additionally, it includes one of the earliest references to the Indian writing tradition.
St. George Spirits
St. George Spirits is an artisanal distillery located in Alameda, California that produces a range of alcoholic beverages under the direction of Master Distiller Lance Winters. They are known for producing vodka, absinthe, whiskey, gin, brandy, liqueurs, and a range of exotic spirits.

Amaro (liqueur)
Amaro (Italian for 'bitter') is an Italian herbal liqueur that is commonly consumed as an after-dinner digestif. It usually has a bitter-sweet flavour, sometimes syrupy, and has an alcoholic content between 16% and 40%.

Amaro is typically produced by macerating herbs, roots, flowers, bark, and/or citrus peels in alcohol, either neutral spirits or wine, mixing the filtrate with sugar syrup, and allowing the mixture to age in casks or bottles.

Dozens of varieties are commercially produced, the most commonly available of which are Fernet-Branca, Averna, Ramazzotti, Lucano, and Montenegro.

Many commercial bottlers trace their recipe or production to the 19th century. Recipes often originated in monasteries or pharmacies.

Amaro is typically consumed neat, sometimes with a citrus wedge. It may also be consumed on ice, with tonic water or cola-flavoured sodas, as is common in Argentina.
Schmiedefeld (Lichtetal)
Schmiedefeld (German pronunciation: [ˈʃmiːdəfɛlt]) is a village and (with the municipal section Taubenbach) a former municipality in the district Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, in Thuringia, Germany close to the Thuringian Rennsteig. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the town Saalfeld. Before, it belonged to the municipal association Lichtetal am Rennsteig, which consisted of the municipalities Lichte, Piesau, Reichmannsdorf, and Schmiedefeld.

Rennsteig
The Rennsteig (German pronunciation: [ˈʁɛnʃtaɪk]) is a ridge walk as well as a historical boundary path in the Thuringian Forest, Thuringian Highland and Franconian Forest in Central Germany. The long-distance trail runs for about 170 km (110 miles) from Eisenach and the Werra valley in the northwest to Blankenstein and the Selbitz river in the southeast.

The Rennsteig is also the watershed between the river systems of the Weser, Elbe and Rhine. The catchment areas of all three river systems meet at the Dreistromstein ("Three Rivers Rock") near Siegmundsburg.
Aklanon language
Aklanon, also known as Akeanon or Inakeanon, is an Austronesian language of the Bisayan subgroup spoken by the Aklanon people, the locals of the province of Aklan on the island of Panay in the Philippines. Its unique feature among other Bisayan languages is the close-mid back unrounded vowel [ɤ] occurring as part of diphthongs and traditionally written with the letter ⟨Ee⟩ such as in the autonyms Akean and Akeanon. However, this phoneme is also present in other but geographically scattered and distant Philippine languages, namely Itbayat, Isneg, Manobo, Samal and Sagada.

The Malaynon dialect is 93% lexically similar to Aklanon and has retained the "l" sounds, which elsewhere are often pronounced as "r".

Kankanaey language
Kankanaey, also spelled Kankana-ey or Kankanaëy, (kan-ka-NA-əy; kali di Kankanaëy [kaˌli di kankaˈnaɁəj]) is a South-Central Cordilleran language under the Austronesian family spoken on the island of Luzon in the Philippines primarily by the Kankanaey people. Alternate names for the language include Central Kankanaey, Kankanai, and Kankanay. It is widely used by Cordillerans, alongside Ilocano, specifically people from Mountain Province and people from the northern part of the Benguet Province. Kankanaey has a slight mutual intelligibility with the Ilocano language.
Edmund Stubb
Edmund Stubb was a priest and academic at the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th.

Stubb was born in Scottow. He was educated at Gonville Hall, graduating MA in 1478; and B.D. in 1501. He was a Fellow of Gonville from 1480 to 1504; and its Master (and Rector of St Michael Coslany, Norwich) from 1504 until his death in 1514.

Bachelor of Divinity
In Western universities, a Bachelor of Divinity or Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD, DB, or BDiv; Latin: Baccalaureus Divinitatis) is an academic degree awarded for a course taken in the study of divinity or related disciplines, such as theology or, rarely, religious studies.

At the University of Cambridge, the Bachelor of Divinity degree is considered senior to the university's PhD degree.

In the Catholic universities the Bachelor of Sacred Theology (STB) is often called the Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD) and is treated as a postgraduate qualification.

In America, the BD was largely replaced by the Master of Divinity.
Mae Doelling Schmidt
Mae Doelling Schmidt (née Mary Metzke; 22 May 1888 Chicago – 11 March 1965 Chicago) was an American virtuoso pianist, composer, clubwoman, and music educator from Chicago. She was on the faculty of the American Conservatory of Music.

Copyright Catalog
United States copyright registrations, renewals, and other catalog entries since 1978 are published online at the United States Copyright Office website. Entries prior to 1978 are not published in the online catalog. Copyright registrations and renewals after 1890 were formerly published in semi-annual softcover catalogs called The Catalog of Copyright Entries (CCE) or Copyright Catalog, or were published in microfiche.
Ruud de Moor
Ruud Alphons de Moor (6 April 1928 in Chaam – 3 March 2001 in Tilburg) was a Dutch professor of sociology linked to the University of Tilburg and the Open University in the Netherlands.

With Jan Kerkhofs he started the European Values Study which later grew out to become the World Values Survey.

The Ruud de Moor centrum (RdMC) of the Open University in the Netherlands was named after him being a founder and in honour of his influence on reform of higher education in the Netherlands.

Tilburg
Tilburg (Dutch: [ˈtɪlbʏr(ə)x] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, in the southern province of North Brabant. With a population of 229,833 (January 2, 2024), it is the second-largest city or municipality in North Brabant after Eindhoven and the seventh-largest in the Netherlands.

Tilburg University is located in Tilburg, as are Avans University of Applied Sciences and Fontys University of Applied Sciences.

There are three railway stations within the municipality: Tilburg, Tilburg Universiteit and Tilburg Reeshof. The 75-hectare (185-acre) "Spoorzone" area around Tilburg Central station, once a Dutch Railways train maintenance yard, has been purchased by the city and is being transformed into an urban zone.
Pod Egidą
Pod Egidą ("under the aegis") is a Polish satirical cabaret. It has been created in 1967 on the initiative of singer-songwriter Jan Pietrzak, and is still active (as of 2012). "Under the aegis" was a politically charged cliché in the Soviet Union dominated Eastern Europe.

Aegis
The aegis (/ˈiːdʒɪs/ EE-jis; Ancient Greek: αἰγίς aigís), as stated in the Iliad, is a device carried by Athena and Zeus, variously interpreted as an animal skin or a shield and sometimes featuring the head of a Gorgon. There may be a connection with a deity named Aex, a daughter of Helios and a nurse of Zeus or alternatively a mistress of Zeus (Hyginus, Astronomica 2. 13).

The modern concept of doing something "under someone's aegis" means doing something under the protection of a powerful, knowledgeable, or benevolent source.  The word aegis is identified with protection by a strong force with its roots in Greek mythology and adopted by the Romans; there are parallels in Norse mythology and in Egyptian mythology as well, where the Greek word aegis is applied by extension.
Spring Hill, Minnesota
Spring Hill is a city in Stearns County, Minnesota, United States. As of the 2020 census, Spring Hill had a population of 68. It is part of the St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Minnesota State Highway 4 serves as a main route in the community.

Minnesota State Highway 4
Minnesota State Highway 4 (MN 4) is a 167.136-mile-long (268.979 km) highway in southwest and west-central Minnesota, which runs from Iowa Highway 4 at the Iowa state line (near Dunnell, MN and Estherville, IA), and continues north to its northern terminus at its interchange with Interstate Highway 94 near Sauk Centre and Melrose.
Tonelli–Hobson test
In mathematics, the Tonelli–Hobson test gives sufficient criteria for a function ƒ on R2 to be an integrable function. It is often used to establish that Fubini's theorem may be applied to ƒ. It is named for Leonida Tonelli and E. W. Hobson.

More precisely, the Tonelli–Hobson test states that if ƒ is a real-valued measurable function on R2, and either of the two iterated integrals

or

is finite, then ƒ is Lebesgue-integrable on R2.

Iterated integral
In multivariable calculus, an iterated integral is the result of applying integrals to a function of more than one variable (for example  or ) in such a way that each of the integrals considers some of the variables as given constants. For example, the function , if  is considered a given parameter, can be integrated with respect to , . The result is a function of  and therefore its integral can be considered. If this is done, the result is the iterated integral

The alternative notation for iterated integrals

is also used.

In the notation that uses parentheses, iterated integrals are computed following the operational order indicated by the parentheses starting from the most inner integral outside. In the alternative notation, writing , the innermost integrand is computed first.
Shams Last Stand
Shams Last Stand is a live and compilation album by Sham 69 and Sham Pistols, was recorded in 1977–1979 at Rainbow Theatre, London, England. It was released as live album in 1989 and on 24 August 1999 as compilation album. The tracks includes "Pretty Vacant" by Sex Pistols and "White Riot" by The Clash was later featured on compilation album and was covered by Sham 69.

Sham 69
Sham 69 are an English punk rock band that formed in Hersham in Surrey in 1975. They changed their musical direction after seeing the Sex Pistols play live in early 1976. They were one of the most successful punk bands in the United Kingdom, achieving five top 20 singles, including "If the Kids Are United" and "Hurry Up Harry". The group's popularity saw them perform on the BBC’s Top of the Pops, and they appeared in the rockumentary film D.O.A.. The original unit broke up in 1980, with frontman Jimmy Pursey moving on to pursue a solo career.

In 1987, Pursey and guitarist David Parsons reformed the band, joined by new personnel. Although subsequently going through a number of line-up changes, Sham 69 remained active and were still playing gigs as of 2024.
USLHT Fern
USLHT Fern was a lighthouse tender built for the United States Lighthouse Service in 1915. She was designed to maintain aids to navigation in the protected waters of the inside passage in Southeast Alaska. She was placed under U.S. Navy orders in World War I, but returned to Lighthouse Service control in 1919. Fern continued her work for the Lighthouse Service in Alaska until she was sold in 1934.

Her new owners employed her as a commercial freighter. Fern carried mail, food, supplies, and people along the coast of Alaska from Ketchikan to Unalaska. In the military construction boom in Alaska before and during World War II, she was first chartered and then purchased by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for use as a coastal freighter. The Army renamed her S. D. Mason.

After the war she was sold by the government, and renamed Fern. She served as a coastal freighter, and fishing boat until she disappears from historical records in 1981. Her ultimate fate is unknown.

United States Lighthouse Service
The United States Lighthouse Service, also known as the Bureau of Lighthouses, was the agency of the United States government and the general lighthouse authority for the United States from the time of its creation in 1910 as the successor of the United States Lighthouse Board until 1939 when it was merged into the United States Coast Guard. It was responsible for the upkeep and maintenance of all lighthouses and lightvessels in the United States.
Hipponome
In Greek mythology, Hipponome (Ancient Greek: Ἱππονόμη; Ἱππονόμης means "horse-keeper") was the daughter of Menoeceus from Thebes and thus sister of Creon and Jocasta. She married Alcaeus, son of Perseus and Andromeda, and had children by him, a son Amphitryon and two daughters Anaxo and Perimede. In other accounts, the wife of Alcaeus was named Astydamia, daughter of Pelops or Laonome, daughter of Guneus.

Pelops
In Greek mythology, Pelops (/ˈpiːlɒps, ˈpɛlɒps/; Ancient Greek: Πέλοψ, romanized: Pélops) was king of Pisa in the Peloponnesus region (Πελοπόννησος, lit. "Pelops's Island"). He was the son of Tantalus and the father of Atreus.

He was venerated at Olympia, where his cult developed into the founding myth of the Olympic Games, the most important expression of unity, not only for the people of Peloponnesus, but for all Hellenes. At the sanctuary at Olympia, chthonic night-time libations were offered each time to "dark-faced" Pelops in his sacrificial pit (bothros) before they were offered in the following daylight to the sky-god Zeus (Burkert 1983:96).
Dmanisi Sioni cathedral
The Dmanisi cathedral of the Theotokos (Georgian: დმანისის ღვთისმშობლის სახელობის საკათედრო ტაძარი, romanized: dmanisis ghvtismshoblis sakhelobis sak'atedro t'adzari), commonly known as the Dmanisi Sioni church (დმანისის სიონი, dmanisis sioni) is an early medieval basilica located in the heart of the Dmanisi historic site, a ruined medieval town in Georgia's southern Kvemo Kartli region, perched on a promontory at the confluence of the Mashavera and Pinezauri rivers. The church has a three-bay nave, a prominently protruding apse, and a richly adorned narthex added in the early 13th century. The Sioni church is a functioning Georgian Orthodox church, renovated in 2009, and protected by the state as an Immovable Cultural Monument of National Significance.

Mashavera
The Mashavera (Georgian: მაშავერა) is a river of southern Georgia. It is 66 km (41 mi) long, and has a 1,390 km2 (540 sq mi) drainage basin. It is a right tributary of the Khrami, which in turn is a tributary of the Kura. It flows through the towns of Dmanisi and Bolnisi.
Yvonne Twining Humber
Yvonne Twining Humber (December 5, 1907 – May 13, 2004) was an American artist.
She was born in New York City in 1907, and was influenced by Impressionist and Regionalist painters through her education at the National Academy of Design and the Art Students League, then went on to paint cityscapes of Boston and New York through the Works Progress Administration in the 1930s. After marrying a businessman from Washington, Humber relocated to Seattle, where she became known for her hard-edge depictions of the Northwest natural landscape, and as a member of the Women Painters of Washington. During her lifetime, her work was exhibited in major national museums and galleries, and is included in the collections of the Seattle Art Museum, the National Gallery of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the Bellevue Arts Museum, and the RISD Museum.

Regionalism (art)
American Regionalism is an American realist modern art movement that included paintings, murals, lithographs, and illustrations depicting realistic scenes of rural and small-town America, primarily in the Midwest. It arose in the 1930s as a response to the Great Depression, and ended in the 1940s due to the end of World War II and a lack of development within the movement. It reached its height of popularity from 1930 to 1935, as it was widely appreciated for its reassuring images of the American heartland during the Great Depression.

Despite major stylistic differences between specific artists, Regionalist art in general was in a relatively conservative and traditionalist style that appealed to popular American sensibilities, while strictly opposing the perceived domination of French art.
Astle Park
Astle Park is an area of land in the countryside a mile or so south of Chelford in Cheshire in England, on the west side of the A535 road (Holmes Chapel Road) from Chelford to Jodrell Bank. It is sometimes used to hold events and shows: see List of steam fairs. Astle park is also well known for holding VW Goth during the bank holiday weekend in August. Which is very popular for all Volkswagen campers and cars.

Henshaws Society for Blind People formerly owned Astle Park.

Chelford
Chelford is a village and civil parish in Cheshire, England; it includes the hamlet of Astle. It lies six miles (10 km) west of Macclesfield and six miles south-east of Knutsford. The village forms part of the Tatton parliamentary constituency. At the 2011 census, Chelford had a population of 1,174.
Johnston Historic District
Johnston Historic District is a national historic district in Johnston, Edgefield County, South Carolina. The district encompasses 127 contributing buildings, 16 contributing sites, 1 contributing structure, and 1 contributing object in the village of Johnston. The district includes commercial and residential properties from approximately 1880 to 1920. They are in a variety of popular architectural styles such as Italianate, Second Empire, Victorian, Queen Anne, and Neo-Classical. The district also includes three churches and the town's cemetery. The railroad, which passes through Johnston, was the primary cause for the creation of the town and continues to be a reminder of the town's early transportation history. Notable buildings include the Johnston Depot, Western Carolina Bank, H. W. Crouch Building, Bank of Johnston (now Jone's Coin Laundry), Crouch-Halford House, and Johnston First Baptist Church.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Edgefield County, South Carolina
Edgefield County is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 25,657. Its county seat and largest community is Edgefield. The county was established on March 12, 1785. The Savannah River makes up part of the western border of Edgefield County; across the river lies the city of Augusta, Georgia. Edgefield is part of the Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Ghose
Ghose (Bengali: ঘোষ) is a native Bengali surname that is found among the Bengali Hindu community of India and Bangladesh. Historically, Ghoses were part of the Kulin Kayasthas of Soukalin gotra, along with Boses, Mitras, and Bangaja (Eastern Bengal) Guhas. A popular alternative spelling is Ghosh.

Gotra
In Hindu culture, the term gotra (Sanskrit: गोत्र) is considered to be equivalent to lineage. It broadly refers to people who are descendants in an unbroken male line from a common male ancestor or patriline. Generally, the gotra forms an exogamous unit, with marriage within the same gotra being regarded as incest and prohibited by custom. The name of the gotra can be used as a surname, but it is different from a surname and is strictly maintained because of its importance in marriages among Hindus, especially among castes. Pāṇini defines gotra as apatyam pautraprabhrti gotram (IV. 1. 162), which means "the word gotra denotes the descendance (or descendants), apatya, of a couple consisting of a pautra, a son and a bharti, a mother, i.e. a daughter-in-law."  (Based on Monier Williams Dictionary definitions.)
Trans Bodies, Trans Selves
Trans Bodies, Trans Selves: A Resource for the Transgender Community is a 2014 non-fiction book published by Oxford University Press. Edited by psychiatrist Laura Erickson-Schroth, it covers health and wellness for transgender and gender non-conforming people.
 It was a 27th Lambda Literary Awards finalist in the Transgender Non-Fiction category and won a 2015 Achievement Award from GLMA: Healthcare Professionals for LGBT Equality. A second edition, with the new subtitle A Resource by and for Transgender Communities, was published in 2022.

GLMA: Health Professionals Advancing LGBTQ+ Equality
GLMA: Health Professionals Advancing LGBTQ+ Equality (GLMA) is an association of LGBTQ+ and allied health professionals in the United States. Its members include interdisciplinary health professionals, such as physicians, nurses, physician associates, behavioral health specialists, researchers and academics, and their supporters.