hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1938 college football rankings
One human poll and several ranking methods determined the 1938 college football rankings. Unlike most sports, college football's governing body, the NCAA, did not itself bestow a national championship.

National championship
A national championship(s) is the top achievement for any sport or contest within a league of a particular nation or nation state. The title is usually awarded by contests, ranking systems, stature, ability, etc. This determines the best team, individual (or other entity) in a particular nation and in a particular field. Often, the use of the term cup or championship is just a choice of words.
Atar Club Kidal
Atar Club de Kidal, better known as simply Atar Club, is a Malian basketball club from Kidal. The team plays in the Ligue 1, the highest national basketball league. In 2020 and 2021, Attar was the runner-up behind champions AS Police. They have won one trophy, as they were the Malian Cup winners in 2019.

Kidal
Kidal (Tuareg Berber: ⴾⴸⵍ, KDL, Kidal) is a town and commune in the desert region of northern Mali. The town lies 285 km (177 mi) northeast of Gao and is the capital of the Kidal Cercle and the Kidal Region. The commune has an area of about 9,910 km2 (3,830 sq mi) and includes the town of Kidal and 31 other settlements.
Bombay mix
Bombay mix is an Indian snack mix which consists of a variable mixture of spicy dried ingredients, such as sev, fried lentils, peanuts, chickpeas, chickpea flour ganthiya, corn, vegetable oil, puffed rice, fried onion and curry leaves. This is all flavored with salt and a blend of spices that may include coriander and mustard seeds. Whilst ingredients may vary per region and household, each variety seeks a combination of crunchy ingredients. It is part of a category of snack food called Farsan.

Mustard seed
Mustard seeds are the small round seeds of various mustard plants. The seeds are usually about 1 to 2 millimetres (1⁄32 to 3⁄32 in) in diameter and may be colored from yellowish white to black. They are an important spice in many regional foods and may come from one of three different plants: black mustard (Brassica nigra), brown mustard (B. juncea), or white mustard (Sinapis alba).

Grinding and mixing the seeds with water, vinegar or other liquids creates the yellow condiment known as mustard.
Fred Cheesmur
Frederick Harold Cheesmur (born Wandsworth, 16 January 1908, died Folkestone, 13 August 1987) was an English professional footballer.

Cheesmur's clubs included Charlton Athletic, Gillingham and Sheffield United. While playing for Gillingham in a match against Merthyr Town on 26 April 1930, he scored six goals, a club record haul for a single match at a professional level which stands to this day.

Wandsworth
Wandsworth Town (/ˈwɒnzwərθ/) is a district of South London, within the London Borough of Wandsworth 4.2 miles (6.8 km) southwest of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Berlin Gesundbrunnen station
Berlin Gesundbrunnen station (German: Bahnhof Berlin Gesundbrunnen) is a railway station in Berlin, Germany. It is situated in the Gesundbrunnen district, part of the central Mitte borough, as an interconnection point between the northern Ringbahn and Nord-Süd Tunnel lines of the Berlin S-Bahn, as well as a regional and long distance station of the Deutsche Bahn network. The station is operated by the DB Station&Service subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn AG and is classified as a Category 1 station, one of 21 in Germany and four in Berlin, the others being Berlin Hauptbahnhof, Berlin Südkreuz and Berlin Ostbahnhof.

Mitte
Mitte (German: [ˈmɪtə] ⓘ) is the first and most central borough of Berlin. The borough consists of six sub-entities: Mitte proper, Gesundbrunnen, Hansaviertel, Moabit, Tiergarten and Wedding.

It is one of the two boroughs (the other being Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg) which were formerly divided between East Berlin and West Berlin. Mitte encompasses Berlin's historic core and includes some of the most important tourist sites of Berlin like the Reichstag and Berlin Hauptbahnhof, Checkpoint Charlie, Museum Island, the TV tower, Brandenburg Gate, Unter den Linden, Potsdamer Platz and Alexanderplatz. The latter six of which were in former East Berlin.
Abelia (organisation)
Abelia is an employers' organisation in Norway, organised under the national Confederation of Norwegian Enterprise.

Its predecessor was Kunnskapsbedriftenes landsforening. Managing director from 1986 to 2000 was Finn Karsten Ramstad.

Abelia was established in 2001, and has 2,800 member companies. The first managing director, from 2001 to 2013, was Paul Chaffey. Håkon Haugli took over in 2014. Haugli went on to Innovation Norway in 2019 and was succeeded by Øystein Eriksen Søreide.

Innovation Norway
Innovation Norway (Norwegian: Innovasjon Norge) is a state-owned company and a national development bank.

The company's programs and services are intended to stimulate entrepreneurship in Norway. Its head office is in Oslo, and it has offices in each of the Norwegian counties. It also has offices in 30 countries around the world. The company has over 500 employees worldwide and has supported maritime transportation, biotechnology, thin film, and alternative fuel.
Hard target
Hard target can refer to:

Hard Target, a 1993 American action film

A defended target (in relation to a security threat); the opposite of a soft target

"Hard Target" (Generator Rex), a 2011 television episode

"Hard Target" (Suspects), a 2014 television episode

Suspects (TV series)
Suspects is a British police procedural television series that aired on Channel 5 from 12 February 2014 to 31 August 2016. The series follows members of the Metropolitan Police as they investigate murders, assaults, and other crimes across London.

Most of the show's dialogue is improvised in order to make it seem natural. The actors have a detailed story document and perform from there. The show is filmed within Brownall House the former  Tower Hamlets Council offices on Cambridge Heath Road, London. The building exterior also features in ITV's comedy series The Job Lot.
Kenneth Radnofsky
Kenneth A. Radnofsky (born July 31, 1953 in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania) is an American classical saxophonist. He specializes in the alto saxophone, but plays the soprano and other sizes as well. He currently teaches at the New England Conservatory of Music, and Boston University.

Kurt Masur
Kurt Masur (German pronunciation: [ˈkʊʁt maˈzuːɐ̯]; 18 July 1927 – 19 December 2015) was a German conductor. Called "one of the last old-style maestros", he directed many of the principal orchestras of his era. He had a long career as the Kapellmeister of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, and also served as music director of the New York Philharmonic for about ten years. He made many recordings of classical music with major orchestras. Masur is also remembered for his actions to support peaceful demonstrations against the East German government in the 1989 demonstrations in Leipzig; those protests were part of the events leading up to the fall of the Berlin wall.
County of Livingstone, Queensland
The County of Livingstone is a county (a cadastral division) in Queensland, Australia. It is centred on the city of Rockhampton and includes most of the Rockhampton Region. The county was created on 1 September 1855 by royal proclamation under the Waste Lands Australia Act 1846. On 7 March 1901, the Governor issued a proclamation legally dividing Queensland into counties under the Land Act 1897. Its schedule described Livingstone thus:

Bounded on the south by the county of Deas Thompson and the southern boundaries of the parishes of Plews, Bouldercombe, Mooninera and Playfair; on the west by the western boundaries of the parishes of Playfair, Stanwell, Neerkol, Limestone, Morinish, Yaamba, Canoona and Werribee; on the north by the northern boundaries of the parishes of Werribee, Rosslynn and Yeppoon, and on the east by the Pacific Ocean,—inclusive of Great Keppel, North Keppel, and other adjacent islands.

Rockhampton Region
The Rockhampton Region is a local government area (LGA) in Central Queensland, Australia, located on the Tropic of Capricorn about 600 kilometres (370 mi) north of Brisbane.  Rockhampton is the region's major city; the region also includes the Fitzroy River, Mount Archer National Park and Berserker Range.

In the 2021 census, the Rockhampton Region had a population of 81,968 people.
Acrocercops angelica
Acrocercops angelica is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from the Seychelles.

The larvae feed on Calophyllum inophyllum, Hibiscus abelmoschus and Krukoviella obovata. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant.

Calophyllum inophyllum
Calophyllum inophyllum is a large evergreen plant, commonly called tamanu, oil-nut, mastwood, beach calophyllum or beautyleaf. It is native to the Old World Tropics, from Africa through Asia to Australia and Polynesia. Due to its importance as a source of timber for the traditional shipbuilding of large outrigger ships, it has been spread in prehistoric times by the migrations of the Austronesian peoples to the islands of Oceania and Madagascar, along with other members of the genus Calophyllum. It has since been naturalized in regions of the East African coast. It is also a source of the culturally important tamanu oil.
Conway Ice Ridge
Conway Ice Ridge is an ice ridge between Whillans Ice Stream and Mercer Ice Stream on the Gould Coast, Marie Byrd Land. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names after Howard B. Conway of the Department of Geophysics at the University of Washington, Seattle. He was United States Antarctic Program geophysicist at Siple Dome, 1994–95 and at Meserve Glacier, 1995–96, and team leader in glacial history study of this ice ridge, 2001–02.

Ice dune
An ice dune, also called an ice ridge or an ice foot, is a formation of ice that accumulates on the shores of many arctic beaches and is also common along the shores of the Great Lakes during the winter. Ice dunes are not to be confused with ice shoves, which accumulate on bodies of water then push their way on shore, carrying sediment with them and deforming the shoreline.
WHNH-CD
WHNH-CD (channel 2) is a low-power, Class A religious television station serving Hartford, Connecticut, United States, but nominally licensed to Manchester, Vermont. Owned and operated by the Daystar Television Network, the station maintains a transmitter on Rattlesnake Mountain in Farmington, Connecticut.

Daystar Television Network
The Daystar Television Network commonly known as Daystar Television or just Daystar, is an American evangelical Christian-based religious television network owned by the Word of God Fellowship, founded by Marcus Lamb in 1993. Daystar is headquartered in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex in Bedford, Texas. The network is based around prosperity theology.
The Crime of Doctor Hallet
The Crime of Doctor Hallet is a 1938 American drama film, directed by S. Sylvan Simon and starring Ralph Bellamy, Josephine Hutchinson, William Gargan, Barbara Read, John 'Dusty' King, and Charles Stevens. The film was released by Universal Pictures on March 11, 1938.

S. Sylvan Simon
S. Sylvan Simon (March 9, 1910 – May 17, 1951) was an American stage/film director and producer. He directed numerous Hollywood films in the late 1930s to 1940s, and was the producer of Born Yesterday (1950).
You Be Illin'
"You Be Illin' " is the third single released by Run–D.M.C. from their third album, Raising Hell. It was released in 1986 through Profile Records as the follow-up to the rap rock crossover hit, "Walk This Way", and was produced by Run-D.M.C.

Rap rock
Rap rock is a music genre that developed from the early to mid-1980s, when hip hop DJs incorporated rock records into their routines and rappers began incorporating original and sampled rock instrumentation into hip hop music. Rap rock is considered to be rock music in which lyrics are rapped, rather than sung. The genre achieved its greatest success in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
Gotfrid Köchert
Gotfrid (or Gottfried) Köchert (22 March 1918 – 6 November 1986), a scion of the Viennese jeweller A. E. Köchert, went on to become a yacht racer after World War II, and competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics.

A. E. Köchert
A. E. Köchert (sometimes spelled Koechert) is one of the oldest jewellers in Austria, founded by Jakob Heinrich Köchert in 1814. It is a family business known as the "Jeweler of the Emperors and Kings".
Deaths in July 2020
The following is a list of notable deaths in July 2020.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Hassan Abshir Farah
Hassan Abshir Farah (Somali: Xasan Abshir Faarax, Arabic: حسن ابشير فرح; June 20, 1945 – July 12, 2020) was a Somali politician. He previously served as mayor of Mogadishu and interior minister of Puntland. From November 12, 2001, to November 8, 2003, he was also prime minister of Somalia. Farah was an MP in the Federal Parliament of Somalia.
Pensativa
"Pensativa" is a bossa nova jazz standard by American pianist/composer/arranger Clare Fischer, first recorded in 1962 by a quintet under the joint leadership of Fischer and saxophonist Bud Shank, and released that year as part of an album entitled Bossa Nova Jazz Samba, comprising music in this style, as per its title, all of it arranged by Fischer, and, with the exception of Erroll Garner's "Misty", composed by him as well. This would prove to be just the first of countless forays by Fischer into various areas of Latin music (with "area" denoting both genre and geographic region). This particular song was one of the first, and almost certainly the most famous, of all the foreign-born - i.e. non-Brazilian - bossa novas. Its form, though extended (64 mm.), is standard A-A-B-A, with each section consisting of 16 measures instead of eight.

Erroll Garner
Erroll Louis Garner (June 15, 1921 – January 2, 1977) was an American jazz pianist and composer known for his swing playing and ballads. His instrumental ballad "Misty", his best-known composition, has become a jazz standard. It was first recorded in 1956 with Mitch Miller and his orchestra, and played a prominent part in the 1971 motion picture Play Misty for Me.

Scott Yanow of AllMusic calls him "one of the most distinctive of all pianists" and a "brilliant virtuoso". Garner received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6363 Hollywood Boulevard. His live album Concert by the Sea, first released in 1955, sold more than 1 million copies by 1958, and Yanow's opinion of the album is that it "made such a strong impression that Garner was considered immortal from then on."
Sidi Boubker El Haj
Sidi Boubker El Haj is a small town and rural commune in Kénitra Province, Rabat-Salé-Kénitra, Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 15,990 people living in 2286 households.

2004 Moroccan census
The 2004 Moroccan census, formally the General Population and Housing Census for the year 2004, was held in Morocco in 2004, conducted by the High Planning Commission. The previous census was taken in 1994.
Stavros Flatley
Stavros Flatley are a British-Cypriot father-son dance duo consisting of Demetri and his son Michalis 'Lagi' Demetriou, best known for appearing on the third series of Britain's Got Talent in 2009. They reached the final of the series, finishing fourth behind Diversity, Susan Boyle and Julian Smith.

The name of their act is derived from Irish-American dancer Michael Flatley, best known for Irish dance shows including Riverdance and Lord of the Dance, and Stavros, a Greek kebab shop owner with fractured English who was portrayed by Harry Enfield on Channel 4's television comedy and music show Saturday Live.

Following their appearance on Britain's Got Talent, the act appeared in the second series of Sugar Free Farm.

Britain's Got Talent series 3
The third series of British talent competition programme Britain's Got Talent was broadcast on ITV, from 11 April to 30 May 2009. The judging panel of Simon Cowell, Amanda Holden and Piers Morgan returned from the previous series; a fourth judge, Kelly Brook, was added, but removed from the series shortly after filming began.

The third series was won by street dance troupe Diversity, with singer Susan Boyle finishing in second place and saxophonist Julian Smith third. During its broadcast, the series averaged around 13.3 million viewers, with the figures partly helped by the notable performances of Boyle during her time in on the show, with her audition on the third series considered the most iconic moment in the programme's history. The programme faced criticism during the third series for airing an unsuitable performance conducted in an audition, while Boyle's well-being became a major concern for producers following the final.
IceMole
IceMole is an autonomous ice research probe, incorporating a new type of ice-melting tip for the exploration of polar regions, glaciers, ice sheets, and extraterrestrial regions, developed by a team from the FH Aachen, a Fachhochschule (university of applied sciences) in Aachen, Germany. The advantage over previous probes is that the IceMole can change its direction and can be recovered after being used. A driving ice screw allows the probe to drill through soil layers and other contaminations in the ice.

Polar regions of Earth
The polar regions, also called the frigid zones or polar zones, of Earth are Earth's polar ice caps, the regions of the planet that surround its geographical poles (the North Pole and the South Pole), lying within the polar circles. These high latitudes are dominated by floating sea ice covering much of the Arctic Ocean in the north, and by the Antarctic ice sheet on the continent of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in the south.
College (corporation)
A college is a variety of the corporation, literally a "body" (Latin: corpus, corporis) created by a legal fiction with its own legal personality, able to act largely as a natural person as regards the law of contract. Thus it can enter into contracts for sale, purchase and employment and can sue and be sued in a court of law, and can own real estate.

Capacity (law)
Legal capacity is a quality denoting either the legal aptitude of a person to have rights and liabilities (in this sense also called transaction capacity), or the personhood itself in regard to an entity other than a natural person (in this sense also called legal personality).
The Foundations of Arithmetic
The Foundations of Arithmetic (German: Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik) is a book by Gottlob Frege, published in 1884, which investigates the philosophical foundations of arithmetic. Frege refutes other idealist and materialist theories of number and develops his own platonist theory of numbers.  The Grundlagen also helped to motivate Frege's later works in logicism.

The book was also seminal in the philosophy of language. Michael Dummett traces the linguistic turn to Frege's Grundlagen and his context principle.

The book was not well received and was not read widely when it was published. It did, however, draw the attentions of Bertrand Russell and Ludwig Wittgenstein, who were both heavily influenced by Frege's philosophy. An English translation was published (Oxford, 1950) by J. L. Austin, with a second edition in 1960.

Materialism
In philosophy and metaphysics, materialism is a form of monism holding that matter is the fundamental substance of nature, so that all things, including mind and consciousness, arise from material interactions and depend on physical processes, including those of the human brain and nervous system. It contrasts with monistic idealism, which treats consciousness as fundamental, and is related to naturalism, the view that only natural laws and forces operate in the universe, and to physicalism, the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. Physicalism extends materialism by including forms of physicality beyond ordinary matter (e.g. spacetime, energy, forces, exotic matter), and some use the terms interchangeably.

Alternative philosophies opposed or alternative to materialism or physicalism include idealism, pluralism, dualism, solipsism, panpsychism, and other forms of monism.
Fernando León Boissier
Fernando León Boissier  (born 28 May 1966) is a Spanish sailor and Olympic champion. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta and won a gold medal in the Tornado class, together with José Luis Ballester.

He also won the Youth Sailing World Championships in 420 in 1982, and the Tornado Worlds in 1994.

In 2008 he finished third at the Snipe European Championship.

420 (dinghy)
The International 420 Dinghy is a sailing dinghy popular for racing and teaching. The hull is fiberglass with internal buoyancy tanks. The 420 has a bermuda rig, spinnaker and trapeze. It has a large sail-area-to-weight ratio, and is designed to plane easily. The 420 is an International class recognised by World Sailing. The name refers to the boat's length of 420 centimetres (4.2 m; 13 ft 9 in).
Valandan
Valandan (Persian: ولندان, also Romanized as Valandān; also known as Valandūn) is a village in Manzariyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Shahreza County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 276, in 83 families. The main families living in this village are The Mardānies, The Hemmaties and The Atāees. Many former residents have immigrated to other cities such as Isfahan, Abadan, Tehran. One of the greatest Valandanians is Dr. Parviz Moin, professor of Mechanical Engineering at Stanford University.

Parviz Moin
Parviz Moin (Persian: پرویز معین Parviz Mo'in from Tehran, Iran) is a fluid dynamicist. He is the Franklin P. and Caroline M. Johnson Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Stanford University. Moin has been listed as an ISI Highly Cited author in engineering.
Klavdiya Gadyuchkina
Klavdiya Mikhailovna Gadyuchkina (Russian: Клавдия Михайловна Гадючкина; née Krotova; 5 December 1910 – 29 November 2025) was a Russian supercentenarian. She was the oldest living person in Russia at the time of her death, and the oldest Russian ever recorded.

Supercentenarian
A supercentenarian, sometimes hyphenated as super-centenarian, is a person who is 110 or older. This age is achieved by about one in 1,000 centenarians. Supercentenarians typically live a life free of significant age-related diseases until shortly before the maximum human lifespan is reached.
Peter MacLeod
Peter B. MacLeod (October 26, 1930 – May 29, 2001) was a Canadian politician and farmer. He represented 3rd Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1982 to 1989 as a Progressive Conservative.

MacLeod was born in 1930 in Lorne Valley, Prince Edward Island. He married Glenda Mae MacLeod in 1953. MacLeod was a farmer by career, and also served as a school trustee.

MacLeod attempted to enter provincial politics in the 1978, and 1979 elections, but was defeated both times by Liberal Bud Ings. MacLeod ran again in the 1982 election, and was elected councillor for the electoral district of 3rd Kings. He was re-elected in 1986, but was defeated by Liberal Roberta Hubley when he ran for re-election in 1989.

MacLeod died in Montague, Prince Edward Island on May 29, 2001.

1982 Prince Edward Island general election
The 1982 Prince Edward Island general election was held on September 27, 1982.

In 1981, after just two years as premier, Angus MacLean resigned his position after the election of James Lee to the Progressive Conservative leadership. In the same year, the Liberals selected future premier Joe Ghiz as their leader. Lee called an early election (traditionally elections in PEI are held every four years) in which a few seats changed hands, but the overall count stayed the same as in 1979.

This election also marked the lowest point in popular support for the New Democrats on PEI, who were led by an interim leader.