hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Princess Royal National Hunt Challenge Cup Novices' Handicap Chase
The National Hunt Challenge Cup is a National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which is open to horses aged five years or older. It is run on the Old Course at Cheltenham over a distance of about 3 miles 6 furlongs (3 miles 5 furlongs and 201 yards, or 6,018 metres), and during its running there are twenty-three fences to be jumped. The race is a handicap race for novice chasers, and it is scheduled to take place each year during the Cheltenham Festival in March.

Handicap (horse racing)
A handicap race in horse racing is a race in which each horse is assigned a specific weight to carry, determined by its past performance and perceived ability. Stronger horses carry more weight, while less accomplished ones carry less. This system aims to equalize the chances of all horses in the race.

The skill in betting on a handicap race lies in predicting which horse can overcome its handicap. Although most handicap races are run for older, less valuable horses with less prize money, this is not true in all cases; some prestigious races are handicaps, such as the Grand National steeplechase, Betfair Stayers' Handicap Hurdle in the UK and the Melbourne Cup in Australia. In the United States, over 30 handicap races are classified as Grade I, the top level of the North American grading system.
2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup
The 2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the sixth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Overall, this was the 16th edition of a world cup in beach soccer since the establishment of the Beach Soccer World Championships which ran from 1995–2004 but was not governed by FIFA. It took place at the Stadio del Mare (Stadium of the Sea), a temporary stadium at the Marina di Ravenna in Ravenna, Italy, the third tournament to take place outside Brazil, which started on 1 September and ended on 11 September 2011. However this was the first tournament to take place under the new two year basis; now the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup takes place once every two years. The tournament was confirmed in March 2010.

Brazil were the defending champions, after winning their fourth FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title in 2009. The tournament was won by Russia, winning their first title in their first final after beating Brazil.

Beach Soccer World Championships
The Beach Soccer World Championships was the premier international beach soccer competition contested by men's national teams between 1995 and 2004. It was replaced by the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup.

The tournament took place annually in Brazil under the supervision of Beach Soccer Worldwide (BSWW) and its predecessors, crowning the world champions of the sport. Due to the sport's rapid growth, FIFA took an interest in it, and as the main tournament in world beach soccer, it joined hands with BSWW in 2005 to take over the organization of the competition, re-branding it as an official FIFA tournament.

Brazil were the most successful team, winning nine of the ten tournaments.
Philopator I
Philopator I (Ancient Greek: Φιλοπάτωρ) was the Roman client king of Cilicia briefly in 31–30 BC.

He was a son of Tarcondimotus I who, like his father, at first sided with Mark Antony during the civil war between him and Octavian. After Octavian's victory in the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, and his father's death, he quickly changed sides, but Octavian nevertheless deposed him from his kingdom in 30 BC. In 20 BC, Cilicia was restored as a kingdom with a king called Tarcondimotus II. The identity of this Tarcondimotus is obscure, but Gilbert Dagron and Denis Feissel have suggested he is the same person as Philopator I; in which case he ruled until his death in 17 AD.

Gilbert Dagron
Gilbert Dagron (January 26, 1932 – August 4, 2015, Paris, France) was a French historian, Byzantine scholar, professor at the College de France (1975–2001), president of the International Association for Byzantine Studies, member of the Academy of Inscriptions and Fine Arts.
Diamond Princess
Diamond Princess can refer to:

Diamond Princess (album), by American rapper Trina

Diamond Princess (ship), a cruise ship operated by Princess Cruises

Princess cut diamond, a popular style of cutting a diamond for jewellery

Diamond Princess, a 2007 album by Miliyah Kato

Diamond Princess (album)
Diamond Princess is the second album by American rapper Trina. It was released on August 27, 2002, through the Atlantic Records and Slip-N-Slide Records. The album debuted at number 14 on the US Billboard 200 and number 5 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.
American exploration of Antarctica
The United States has maintained a continuous presence in Antarctica, conducting scientific research without asserting any territorial claims. The U.S. first established its presence on the continent in 1928 when Richard Byrd led an expedition. Since then, the U.S. has engaged in scientific studies relating to climate, geology, and biology, with permanent research stations supporting year-round operations.

Territorial claims in Antarctica
Seven sovereign states – Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom – have made eight territorial claims in Antarctica. These countries have tended to place their Antarctic scientific observation and study facilities within their respective claimed territories; however, a number of such facilities are located outside of the area claimed by their respective countries of operation, and countries without claims such as Belgium, China, India, Italy, Japan, Poland, Russia, South Africa (SANAE), Spain, Ukraine, and the United States have constructed research facilities within the areas claimed by other countries. There are overlaps among the territories claimed by Argentina, Chile, and the United Kingdom.
Epp (given name)
Epp is predominantly an Estonian feminine given name. As of 1 January 2021, 671 women in Estonia have the first name Epp, making it the 248th most popular female name in the country. The name is most commonly found in Põlva County. Individuals bearing the name Epp include:

Epp Annus (born 1969), Estonian writer and literary scholar

Epp Eespäev (born 1961), Estonian actress

Epp Haabsaar (born 1953), Estonian judge, politician and artist

Epp Kaidu (1915–1976), Estonian theatre director and actress

Epp Mäe (born 1992), Estonian freestyle, judo and sumo wrestler

Epp Mikkal (et:Epp Mikkal) (born 1942), Estonian playwright and theatre pedagogue

Epp Petrone (born 1974), Estonian journalist, blogger, children's writer and publisher

Epp Tamm (et:Epp Tamm) (1940–2020), Estonian classical linguist and translator

Epp Mäe
Epp Mäe (born 2 April 1992) is an Estonian freestyle wrestler. She won the silver medal in the women's 76 kg event at the 2021 World Wrestling Championships held in Oslo, Norway. She won a bronze medal at the 2015, 2019 and 2022 World Wrestling Championships.
Fallaid
Fallaid, in Scotland, was the dusting of meal left on the baking board, after a batch of bread has been baked. This dry meal was put on cakes when fired. An interesting custom used to prevail in the Outer Hebrides, where any meal remaining on the board would be made into a cake in the palm of the hand, and set to fire among the other and larger cakes. The custom has its origin in a superstition, that doing so keeps the store of meal from wasting. It also stems from the days when food was far less plentiful in Scotland and nothing could be wasted, except by the rich and extravagant.

Bread
Bread is a baked food product made from water, flour, and often yeast. It is a staple food across the world, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. Throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been an important part of many cultures' diets. It is one of the oldest human-made foods, having been of significance since the dawn of agriculture, and plays an essential role in both religious rituals and secular culture.

Bread may be leavened by naturally occurring microbes (e.g. sourdough), chemicals (e.g. baking soda), industrially produced yeast, or high-pressure aeration, which creates the gas bubbles that fluff up bread. Bread may also be unleavened. In many countries, mass-produced bread often contains additives to improve flavor, texture, color, shelf life, nutrition, and ease of production.
Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii
The lieutenant governor of Hawaii (Hawaiian: Hope kiaʻāina o Hawaiʻi) is the assistant chief executive of the U.S. state of Hawaii and its various agencies and departments, as provided in the Article V, Sections 2 though 6 of the Constitution of Hawaii. Elected by popular suffrage of residents of the state on the same ticket as the governor of Hawaii, the officeholder is concurrently the secretary of State of Hawaii.

The officeholder becomes acting governor of Hawaii if the governor becomes disabled from duty. Historically, Hawaii lieutenant governors were members of either the Hawaii Democratic Party or Hawaii Republican Party. Four have gone on to become governor of Hawaii: George Ariyoshi, Ben Cayetano, John D. Waiheʻe III, and Josh Green.

Democratic Party of Hawaiʻi
The Democratic Party of Hawaiʻi (DPH; Hawaiian: ʻAoʻao Kemokalaka o Hawaiʻi) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the state of Hawaii.

It is currently the dominant party in the state, and is one of the strongest affiliates of the national Democratic Party. The party currently controls both of Hawaii's U.S. House seats, both U.S. Senate seats, the governorship, and has supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature, controlling nearly 90% of all legislative seats.
Aseel Anabtawi
Aseel Anabtawi (Arabic: أسيل عنبتاوي, born 1969) is a Palestinian-American electrical engineer from Tulkarm who works for the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Prior to this, she has worked in radio science on various NASA missions.

Tulkarm
32°18′45″N 35°1′36″E﻿ / ﻿32.31250°N 35.02667°E﻿ / 32.31250; 35.02667

Tulkarm or Tulkarem (Arabic: طولكرم, Ṭūlkarm) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine and the capital of the Tulkarm Governorate. Netanya is to the west in Israel, while Nablus and Jenin are to the east. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2017 Tulkarm had a population of 64,532. Tulkarm is under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority.
Taupaki
Taupaki is a locality in the Rodney District, which is a part of the Auckland Region in New Zealand. Kumeū lies to the north-west, Whenuapai to the north-east, West Harbour to the east, Massey to the south-east, Swanson to the south, and Waitākere, Auckland to the south-west. The North Auckland Line runs through the area.

Auckland Region
Auckland (Māori: Tāmaki Makaurau) is one of the 16 regions of New Zealand, which takes its name from the eponymous urban area. The region encompasses the Auckland metropolitan area, smaller towns, rural areas, and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf. Containing 34 percent of the nation's residents, it has by far the largest population and economy of any region of New Zealand, but the second-smallest land area.

On 1 November 2010, the Auckland region became a unitary authority administered by the Auckland Council, replacing the previous regional council and seven local councils. In the process, an area in its southeastern corner was transferred to the neighbouring Waikato region. Since then, the Auckland Council has introduced a system of local boards to divide the region for local government.
Tkach
Tkach is a Slavic surname meaning "weaver". It is a common surname in Ukraine, as well as in Russia, Belarus, Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic and Serbia. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Tkach (born 1975), Russian-born Israeli sprinter

Elena Tkach (born 1970),  Russian sport shooter

Joseph W. Tkach (1927–1995), American religious figure

Joseph Tkach, Jr. (born 1951), American religious figure, son of Joseph W. Tkach

Kristina Tkach (born 1999), Russian pool player

Lyubov Tkach (born 1993), Russian athlete

Mikhail Tkach (1895–unknown), Ukrainian-born American spy

Roman Tkach (born 1962), Ukrainian politician

Serhiy Tkach (1952–2018), Russian-born Ukrainian serial killer

Svetlana Tkach (born 1969), Moldovan runner

Walter R. Tkach (1917–1989), American physician

Yaroslav Tkach (born 2001), Ukrainian speed climber

Yuliya Tkach (born 1989), Ukrainian Olympic wrestler

Yuriy Tkach (born 1983), Ukrainian comedian

Zlata Tkach (1928–2006), Moldovan composer

Walter R. Tkach
Walter Robert Tkach (February 9, 1917 – October 31, 1989) was an American physician who served as Physician to the President under Richard Nixon from 1969 to 1974.

He died of heart disease on October 31, 1989, in San Diego, California at age 72.
William Douse
William Douse (May 19, 1800 – February 5, 1864) was a land agent, landowner and political figure in Prince Edward Island. He represented Queens County from 1835 to 1839, then 3rd Queens from 1843 to 1847 and from 1850 to 1859 and then 4th Queens from 1859 to 1862 in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island.

He was born in England and came to the island in the early 1820s. He tried his hand at ship building, farming and dealing in grain and produce. Douse married Esther Young. In 1833, he became land agent for the 6th Earl of Selkirk and he continued in that role until the estate was purchased by the province in 1860. In 1855, he purchased 14,000 acres (57 km2) of the estate. Douse died in Charlottetown in 1864.

Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island (French: Assemblée législative de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard) together with the lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island form the General Assembly of Prince Edward Island. The Legislative Assembly meets at Province House, which is at the intersection of Richmond and Great George Streets in Charlottetown. Bills passed by the Assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.
La Junta Railroaders
The La Junta Railroaders were a minor league baseball team based in La Junta, Colorado. The Railroaders played in the 1912 season as members of the Class D level Rocky Mountain League. La Junta hosted home games at City Park.

La Junta station
La Junta station is a train station in La Junta, Colorado served by Amtrak. Amtrak's Southwest Chief trains 3 & 4 stop here for 10–15 minutes. Westbound trains are scheduled to arrive at 8:15 AM and depart at 8:30 AM, while the eastbound trains arrive at 7:30 PM and depart at 7:41 PM (all times Mountain Time Zone). There are no facilities at the station itself beyond a toilet and beverage vending machine. La Junta was a major point along the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, as a branch line to Pueblo and Denver started from here.

La Junta station was originally built in 1955 as a replacement for the former Harvey House. The freight house, which was part of the previous station was spared from being demolished and now serves as a Purina feed mill.
Stu Douglass
Stuart Williams Douglass (Hebrew: סטו דאגלס; born March 31, 1990) is a retired American-Israeli professional basketball player. He played college basketball at the University of Michigan and spent most of his professional career in Israel. Douglass was known as a three-point specialist.

He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, and is Jewish.

Israeli Americans
Israeli Americans (Hebrew: אָמֵרִיקָאִים יִשׂרָאֵליִם, romanized: Ameriqaim Yiśraʾelim) are Americans who are of full or partial Israeli descent.

The Israeli-American community, while predominantly Jewish, also includes various ethnic and religious minorities reflective of Israel's diverse demographics. This community also comprises ethnic Arab minorities, including Muslims, Christians and Druze as well as smaller, non-Arab minority groups.
Woburn Golf and Country Club
51°59′28″N 0°39′54″W﻿ / ﻿51.991°N 0.665°W﻿ / 51.991; -0.665

Woburn Golf Club is a golf club in England located in Little Brickhill, near Milton Keynes within the county of Buckinghamshire, about fifty miles (80 km) northwest of central London.

There are three courses at the Woburn property: the "Duke's Course", which opened in 1976; the "Duchess Course", both designed by Charles Lawrie, which followed in 1978; and the "Marquess Course", designed by Peter Alliss and Clive Clark, European Golf Design (Ross McMurray), and Alex Hay, which dates from 2000. The courses are situated amid mature woodland on the Duke of Bedford's Woburn Abbey estate.

Ryder Cup and PGA Tour player Ian Poulter of England is the club's Men's "touring professional".

Solheim Cup and LPGA Tour player Charley Hull of England is the club's Ladies "touring professional".

Country club
A country club is a privately owned club, often with a membership quota and admittance by invitation or sponsorship, that generally offers both a variety of recreational sports and facilities for dining and entertaining.  Typical athletic offerings are golf, tennis, and swimming. Where golf is the principal or sole sporting activity, and especially outside of the United States and Canada, it is common for a country club to be referred to simply as a golf club. Many country clubs offer other new activities such as pickleball, and platform tennis.

Country clubs are most commonly located in city outskirts or suburbs, because of the need for substantial grounds for outdoor activities.  This factor distinguishes them from an urban athletic club.

Country clubs originated in Scotland and first appeared in the US in the early 1880s. Country clubs had a profound effect on expanding suburbanization and are considered to be the precursor to gated community development.
Paola Drigo
Paola (née Bianchetti) Drigo (4 January 1876 – 4 January 1938) was an Italian writer of short stories, novellas, and novels. Her first collection of short stories, La fortuna, was published in 1913 and caught the attention of literary critics and the public. Her last major works were two novels, Fine d'anno and Maria Zef, both published in 1936. With a style rooted in 19th century Italian realism, she was admired for the detailed psychological analysis of her characters and her descriptions of provincial life in her native Veneto region. The protagonists of her stories (usually women) were people of humble origin or those who had been "humiliated by fate".

Verismo (literature)
Verismo (Italian for 'realism', from vero, 'true') was an Italian literary movement which peaked between approximately 1875 and the early 1900s. Sicilian writers Giovanni Verga, Luigi Capuana and Federico De Roberto were its main exponents. Capuana published the novel Giacinta, generally regarded as the "manifesto" of Italian verismo. Unlike French naturalism, which was based on positivistic ideals, Verga and Capuana rejected claims of the scientific nature and social usefulness of the movement. D. H. Lawrence was influenced by Italian verismo, and translated several of Verga's works into English.
ECOLAS
The European Consortium of Liberal Arts and Sciences, or ECOLAS, is a non-governmental educational consulting group based in Europe, that proposes to address key issues associated with liberal arts undergraduate education as a consequence of the reforms initiated by the Bologna Process.  It was founded by three international educators, Samuel Abraham, President and Rector of the Bratislava International School of Liberal Arts (Slovakia), Hans Adriaansens, Dean of Roosevelt Academy (Netherlands), and Laurent Boetsch, President Emeritus of European College of Liberal Arts, Berlin (Germany).

Hans Adriaansens
Henricus Petrus Maria (Hans) Adriaansens (born 1946, Middelburg) is a Dutch sociologist, and the former dean of Roosevelt Academy, a small liberal arts college in Middelburg, the Netherlands. He is especially known as founder of University College Utrecht (UCU), the first honors college of the Netherlands, as well as Roosevelt Academy itself, now known as University College Roosevelt (UCR).
Peter Schrijver
Peter Schrijver (Dutch: [ˈpeːtər ˈsxrɛivər]; born 1963) is a Dutch linguist. He is a professor of Celtic languages at Utrecht University and a researcher of ancient Indo-European linguistics. He worked previously at Leiden University and the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.

He has published four books and a large number of articles on the history and the linguistics of Indo-European languages, particularly the description, reconstruction and syntax of the  Celtic languages, and has lately been researching language change and language contact in ancient Europe.

Ériu (journal)
Ériu is an academic journal of Irish language studies. It was established in 1904 as the journal of the School of Irish Learning in Dublin. When the school was incorporated into the Royal Irish Academy in 1926, the academy continued publication of the journal, in the same format and with the same title. Originally, the journal was published in two parts annually, together making a volume, but parts slipped further apart after Volume III. Articles are written in either Irish or English.
Giambattista Orsini
Giambattista Orsini (died February 22, 1503) (also called Giovanni Battista Orsini or Jean-Baptiste des Ursins) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal. He served as papal legate to the Marches of Ancona.

Lake Trasimeno
Lake Trasimeno (/ˌtrɑːzɪˈmeɪnoʊ/ TRAH-zim-AY-noh, also US: /-ˈmiːnoʊ, ˌtræz-/ -⁠EE-, TRAZ-im-; Italian: Lago Trasimeno [ˈlaːɡo traziˈmɛːno]; Latin: Trasumennus; Etruscan: Tarśmina), also referred to as Trasimene (/ˈtræzɪmiːn/ TRAZ-im-een), Trasimeno Lake, or Thrasimene in English, is a lake in the province of Perugia, in the Umbria region of Italy on the border with Tuscany. The lake has a surface area of 128 km2 (49.4 sq mi), making it the fourth largest in Italy, slightly smaller than Lake Como. Only two minor streams flow directly into the Lake and none flows out. The water level of the lake fluctuates significantly according to rainfall levels and the seasonal demands from the towns, villages and farms near the shore.
20th Canadian Parliament
The 20th Canadian Parliament was in session from 6 September 1945, until 30 April 1949. The membership was set by the 1945 federal election on 11 June 1945, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1949 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party minority first under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 16th Canadian Ministry, and later a majority under Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent and the 17th Canadian Ministry.  The Official Opposition was the newly named Progressive Conservative Party, led first by John Bracken and later by George Drew.

The Speaker was Gaspard Fauteux.  See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1933-1947 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

In this parliament, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, led by M. J. Coldwell, overtook the Social Credit as third largest party.

There were five sessions of the 20th Parliament.

Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF; French: Fédération du Commonwealth Coopératif, FCC) was a federal democratic socialist and social-democratic political party in Canada. The CCF was founded in 1932 in Calgary, Alberta, by a number of socialist, agrarian, co-operative, and labour groups, and the League for Social Reconstruction. In 1944, the CCF formed one of the first social-democratic governments in North America when it was elected to form the provincial government in Saskatchewan.

The full, but little used, name of the party was Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Farmer-Labour-Socialist).

In 1961, the CCF was succeeded by the New Democratic Party (NDP).