hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Feudal relief
Feudal relief was a one-off "fine" or form of taxation payable to an overlord by the heir of a feudal tenant to license him to take possession of his fief, i.e. an estate-in-land, by inheritance. It is comparable to a death duty or inheritance tax.

The equivalent duty at the lower levels of the feudal hierarchy was heriot (in England) or le droit du meilleur catel (in France).

Estate (law)
In common law, an estate is a living or deceased person's net worth. It is the sum of a person's assets; their legal rights, interests, and entitlements to property of any kind, minus all of their liabilities at a given time. The issue is of special legal significance on a question of bankruptcy and death of the person. (See inheritance.)

Depending on the particular context, the term is also used in reference to an estate in land or of a particular kind of property (such as real estate or personal estate). The term is also used to refer to the sum of a person's assets only.

The equivalent in civil law legal systems is patrimony.
Vasco de Quiroga railway station
The Vasco de Quiroga railway station is a commuter railway station serving the El Insurgente commuter rail system which connects Greater Toluca, State of Mexico, with Mexico City. The station is located near Avenida Vasco de Quiroga and the Cablebús aerial lift station of the same name, located in Santa Fe, Álvaro Obregón, Mexico City. It opened on 2 February 2026.

El Insurgente
El Insurgente (transl. The Insurgent) is a 57.7 km (35.9 mi) commuter rail line between the State of Mexico and Mexico City. Also known as Interurban Train Mexico City–Toluca, the passenger railway line connects the cities of Toluca and Mexico City. The Tren Interurbano project was announced by President Enrique Peña Nieto on 1 December 2012, and construction began in 2014.

On 1 September 2023, it was announced that the line would be branded as El Insurgente, after Miguel Hidalgo. On 15 September 2023, the first section from Zinacantepec to Lerma opened, with four trains initially running on the section. On 31 August 2024, the second section from Lerma to Santa Fe inaugurated. The opening of the entire line was expected on 2 February 2026. On 2 February 2026, the third section from Santa Fe to Observatorio was inaugurated and in operation that afternoon.
Mazda CX-30
The Mazda CX-30 is a subcompact crossover SUV produced by Mazda. Based on the fourth-generation Mazda3, it debuted at the 2019 Geneva Motor Show, to slot in between the CX-3 and the CX-5. It went on sale in Japan on 24 October 2019, with global units being produced at Mazda's Hiroshima factory, North and South American units built in Salamanca, Guanajuato, Mexico, Thailand and initial Australian units made at the AutoAlliance Thailand plant in Rayong, and China-market units produced in Nanjing by Changan Mazda.

Rayong
Rayong (Thai: ระยอง, pronounced [rā.jɔ̄ːŋ]) is a city (thesaban nakhon) on the east coast of the Gulf of Thailand and the capital of Rayong province. It covers tambons Tha Pradu and Pak Nam and parts of tambons Choeng Noen and Noen Phra, all within Mueang Rayong district. As of 2016 the population was 64,256 (est.). The main industry is fishing, and it is also the main producer of Thailand's fish sauce. It is also the center of the chemical and auto industries. In 2012 Ford Motor Company opened an assembly plant in Rayong to expand Ford's presence in the ASEAN area, employing some 2,200 people.

Rayong was named an Asia-Pacific City of the Future by the Financial Times in 2017.
Laboring People's Party
The Laboring People's Party (Korean: 근로인민당; Hanja: 勤勞人民黨) of Korea was a centre-left to left-wing political party in South Korea and North Korea.

Under the leadership of Lee Yong, the party continued to operate in North Korea where it participated in elections. It won seats in the Supreme People's Assembly at least in 1957. Two of its delegates were purged in the aftermath of the August Faction Incident sometime between 1957 and 1959.

Elections in North Korea
Elections in North Korea are held every four-to-five years for the Supreme People's Assembly (SPA), the country's national legislature, and every four years for Local People's Assemblies. Each candidate is selected by the Workers' Party of Korea. Voters may either submit the ballot unaltered as a vote of approval, or cross out the name on the ballot to disapprove the candidate. The vast majority of candidates come from the Workers' Party of Korea.

Turnout is near 100% according to official statistics. The elections are also used as a census, and to determine approval of government policies. Critics argue that North Korean elections are show elections, lacking competition and allowing the government to claim a veneer of pseudo-democratic legitimacy.
Mélantois
The Mélantois (French pronunciation: [melɑ̃twa]) is an inland area of northern France, at south-east of Lille. Between the Deûle and the Marque, it is bounded to the north by a line from Willems to La Madeleine. It is a chalky plateau at an altitude of between 20 and 45 metres (66 and 148 ft), with gentle slopes (below 5 %).

Chalk
Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock. It is a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed under the sea by the accumulation and lithification of hard parts of organisms, mostly microscopic plankton, which had settled to the sea floor. Chalk is common throughout Western Europe, where deposits underlie parts of France, and steep cliffs are often seen where they meet the sea in places such as the Dover cliffs on the Kent coast of the English Channel.

Chalk is mined for use in industry, such as for quicklime, bricks and builder's putty, and in agriculture, for raising pH in soils with high acidity. It is also used for "blackboard chalk" for writing and drawing on various types of surfaces, although these can also be manufactured from other carbonate-based minerals, or gypsum.
1983 in Japanese music
In 1983 (Shōwa 58), Japanese music was released on records and  performed in concerts, and there were charts, awards, contests and festivals.

During that year, Japan continued to have the second largest music market in the world, and the value of tapes and records made there was $1.198 billion.

Music of Japan
In Japan, music includes a wide array of distinct genres, both traditional and modern. The word for "music" in Japanese is 音楽 (ongaku), combining the kanji 音 on (sound) with the kanji 楽 gaku (music, comfort). Japan is the world's largest market for music on physical media and the second-largest overall music market, with a retail value of US$2.7 billion in 2017.
Lindsay Morse
Lindsay Morse Bennett (born January 24, 1955) is an American former professional tennis player.

Morse, who grew up in Pasadena, California, was a collegiate player for UC Irvine and won the AIAW Singles Championship in 1977. She competed on the professional tour in the early 1980s and made several grand slam appearances. This included the 1980 Wimbledon Championships, where she fell in the third round to Chris Evert Lloyd. She won a WTA Tour doubles title in Nagoya in 1980, partnering UC Irvine teammate Jean Nachand.

1980 Wimbledon Championships
The 1980 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 23 June until 5 July. It was the 94th staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1980.
Hokianga County
Hokianga County was one of the counties of New Zealand in the North Island, from 1876 until 1989. It came into existence in November 1876, when the provinces were abolished. The county seat was at Rawene. In the 1989 local government reforms, Hokianga County amalgamated with Bay of Islands County, Kaikohe Borough, Kaitaia Borough, Mangonui County and Whangaroa County to form the Far North District.

1989 New Zealand local government reforms
The 1989 New Zealand local government reform was the most significant reform of local government in New Zealand in over a century. Some 850 local bodies were amalgamated into 86 local authorities, on regional and territorial levels. The new authorities were established on 1 November, following the election of members on 14 October 1989.
Helmut Burk
Helmut Burk is a Grammy Award-winning classical recording engineer and producer. He has worked extensively for the German classical record label, Deutsche Grammophon, and has recorded artists such as Krystian Zimerman, Yuja Wang, Herbert von Karajan, Yundi Li, Maria Joao Pires, Gidon Kremer, Pierre Boulez, Leonard Bernstein, Claudio Arrau, and numerous others.

Maria João Pires
Maria João Alexandre Barbosa Pires (Portuguese: [mɐˈɾi.ɐ ʒwɐ̃w ˈpiɾɨʃ]; born 23 July 1944) is a Portuguese classical pianist, widely regarded as one of the leading interpreters of the repertoire of the 18th and 19th centuries.
Torunn Fossli Sæthre
Torunn Fossli Sæthre (born 16 January 1970) is a Norwegian orienteering competitor and junior world champion.

She received a silver medal in relay at the 1997 World Orienteering Championships in Grimstad, together with Elisabeth Ingvaldsen, Hanne Sandstad and Hanne Staff. She finished 4th in the short course and 9th in the classic course West Point in 1993, and 17th in the short distance in 1995, and 18th in 1997.

She finished overall 11th in the 1992 World Cup, 14th in 1994, and 21st in 1996.

She won a gold medal in the individual event at the 1990 Junior World Orienteering Championships.

She represented the sports club NTHI.

1995 World Orienteering Championships
The 1995 World Orienteering Championships, the 16th World Orienteering Championships, were held in Detmold, Germany, 15–20 August 1995.

The championships had six events; the classic distance (formerly called individual) for men and women, the short distance for men and women, and relays for men and women.
H Waldman
H Waldman (Hebrew: אייץ' ולדמן; nickname: H; born January 21, 1972) is an American-Israeli former basketball player. He played the point guard and shooting guard positions. Waldman played in the Israel Basketball Premier League from 1996 to 2001.

Israeli Americans
Israeli Americans (Hebrew: אָמֵרִיקָאִים יִשׂרָאֵליִם, romanized: Ameriqaim Yiśraʾelim) are Americans who are of full or partial Israeli descent.

The Israeli-American community, while predominantly Jewish, also includes various ethnic and religious minorities reflective of Israel's diverse demographics. This community also comprises ethnic Arab minorities, including Muslims, Christians and Druze as well as smaller, non-Arab minority groups.
Welcome Acres
Welcome Acres is a historic house in Goshen, New Hampshire.  It is located on the east side of New Hampshire Route 10, about 1/2 mile north of its junction with Brook Road.  Built c. 1835, it is one of a cluster of plank-frame houses in the community, and is unusual in that set for being two stories high, and for its unusual construction.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

New Hampshire Route 10
New Hampshire Route 10 is a 122.25-mile-long (196.74 km) north–south state highway in western New Hampshire, United States. Its southern terminus is in Winchester at the Massachusetts state line, where it continues south as Massachusetts Route 10. Administratively, the northern terminus is at a junction with U.S. Route 302 in Haverhill.

In the field, however, NH 10 is cosigned along US 302 for an additional 19.8 miles (31.9 km) from Haverhill to an intersection with New Hampshire Route 18 in Littleton. However, this is not officially part of the route.

NH 10 is a multi-state route along with Massachusetts Route 10 and Connecticut Route 10. Its number is derived from its original 1922 designation as New England Interstate Route 10.
Ali Mohammad Dar
Ali Mohammad Dar is an Indian politician from Jammu and Kashmir. Born in the village of Dooniwari, he serves as a member of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly, representing Chadoora constituency since October 2024. Dar began his political career in 1977 as a member of the Jammu & Kashmir National Conference party. He was first elected to the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly during the 1996 assembly elections.

Dooniwari
Dooniwari (Urdu pronunciation: [ɖuːniːʋɑːɾiː] ; Kashmiri pronunciation: [ɖuːnʲʋoːr]) or Dooniwara (Urdu pronunciation: [ɖuːniːʋɑːɾɑː]) is a village in Budgam district of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, situated 13 km (8.1 mi) from Srinagar city and 18 km (11 mi) away from Budgam town. The total geographical area of the village is 168 ha (420 acres). Dooniwari has a total population of 1,839 residents. There are about 278 houses in Dooniwari village as per the 2011 census. Areas in its locality include Wathoora, Gopalpora, Chattergam, Kralapora, and Bagati Kani Pora.
Bombay night frog
The Bombay night frog (Nyctibatrachus humayuni), also known as Abdulali's wrinkled frog, Abdulali's night frog or Humayun's wrinkled frog, is a species of frog in the family Nyctibatrachidae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats of Maharashtra state, India. The species is found near torrential hill streams in tropical moist evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, a habitat that is threatened by habitat loss and pollution. Its name honours Humayun Abdulali, an Indian biologist.

Nyctibatrachidae
Nyctibatrachidae is a small family of frogs found in the Western Ghats of India and in Sri Lanka. Their common name is robust frogs. Recognition of Nyctibatrachidae as a family is fairly recent. These frogs were previously placed in the broadly defined family Ranidae, which was more recently divided into three subfamilies: Lankanectinae, Nyctibatrachinae, and Astrobatrachinae.
Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay v. Union of India
Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay v. Union of India, WP (Civil) 1246/2020, also known as the Places of Worship Act case, is an ongoing litigation before the Supreme Court of India examining the constitutional validity of the Places of Worship Act, 1991, which prohibits the conversion of any place of worship and provides for the maintenance of the religious character of any place of worship. The lead petition, filed by advocate and BJP leader Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay, challenges the Sections 2–4 of the act arguing that the law infringes on religious freedom and constitutional secularism. The case has significant implications for several ongoing disputes over religious sites in India, including the Gyanvapi mosque in Varanasi and the Shahi Eidgah mosque in Mathura.

Ashwini Upadhyay
Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay is a politician and lawyer at the Supreme Court of India and a leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party Delhi unit. In 2011, he quit his job to join Anna Hazare's anti-corruption movement and subsequently joined the newly formed the Aam Aadmi Party of which he was one of the founding members. He is known for filing Public Interest Litigations (PILs).
Duke of Clarence
Duke of Clarence was a substantive title created three times in the Peerage of England. The title Duke of Clarence and St Andrews has also been created in the Peerage of Great Britain, and Duke of Clarence and Avondale and Earl of Clarence in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The titles have traditionally been awarded to junior members of the English and British royal family, and all are now extinct.

Peerage of Great Britain
The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain between the Acts of Union 1707 and the Acts of Union 1800. It replaced the Peerage of England and the Peerage of Scotland, but was itself replaced by the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1801.

The ranks of the Peerage of Great Britain are Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount and Baron. Until the passage of the House of Lords Act 1999, all peers of Great Britain could sit in the House of Lords.

Some peerages of Great Britain were created for peers in the Peerage of Scotland and Peerage of Ireland as they did not have an automatic seat in the House of Lords until the Peerage Act 1963 which gave Scottish Peers an automatic right to sit in the Lords.

In the following table of peers of Great Britain, holders of higher or equal titles in the other peerages are listed. Those peers who are known by a higher title in one of the other peerages are listed in italics.
Lingleville, Texas
Lingleville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Erath County, Texas, United States. Lingleville is located at the intersection of Farm to Market Road 8 and Farm to Market Road 219, 10 miles (16 km) west of Stephenville.

Stephenville, Texas
Stephenville is a city in and the county seat of Erath County, Texas, United States. It sits on the North Bosque River, which rises nearby. Founded in 1854, it is home to Tarleton State University. Stephenville's population was 20,847 as of the 2020 census, and it is the principal city in the Stephenville Micropolitan Statistical Area. Stephenville is among several communities that call themselves the "Cowboy Capital of the World".
Colera
Colera (Catalan pronunciation: [kuˈleɾə]) is a municipality in the comarca of Alt Empordà, Girona, Catalonia, Spain, on the Costa Brava. It is a village on the coast with an economy primarily based on tourism.  It has several beaches within its vicinity including: Garbet, Burro, Atzuzenes, Portes, Morts la d'en Goixa, and Rovellada.

Alt Empordà
Alt Empordà (Catalan: [ˈal əmpuɾˈða]; Spanish: Alto Ampurdán; "Upper Empordà") is a comarca (county) located in the Girona region, in Catalonia, Spain. It is one of two comarques into which Empordà was divided by the comarca division of Catalonia in 1936, the other one being Baix Empordà. The capital is the municipality of Figueres.
Bitstream
A bitstream (or bit stream), also known as binary sequence, is a sequence of bits.

A bytestream is a sequence of bytes.  Typically, each byte is an 8-bit quantity, and so the term octet stream is sometimes used interchangeably. An octet may be encoded as a sequence of 8 bits in multiple different ways (see bit numbering) so there is no unique and direct translation between bytestreams and bitstreams.

Bitstreams and bytestreams are used extensively in telecommunications and computing. For example, synchronous bitstreams are carried by SONET, and Transmission Control Protocol transports an asynchronous bytestream.

Octet (computing)
The octet is a unit of digital information in computing and telecommunications that consists of eight bits. The term is often used when the term byte might be ambiguous, as the term byte has historically been used for storage units of a variety of sizes.

The term octad(e) for eight bits is no longer common.
Andretti Bain
Andretti "Dretti" Bain (born 1 December 1985) is a Bahamian sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres. He was born in Nassau.

Bain finished fifth in 4 x 400 metres relay at the 2004 World Indoor Championships, together with teammates Chris Brown, Timothy Munnings and Dennis Darling.

He was the NCAA Indoor Champion at 400m in 2008 for Oral Roberts University, in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He set an indoor personal best of 46.02 in the preliminary round.

Bain also won the 2008 NCAA Outdoor 400m Championship in 44.62 over USC's Lionel Larry, for Oral Roberts University.

Was part of the Bahamas' silver-medal winning team in the men's 4 × 400 m relay at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Bain graduated from Oral Roberts University.

2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 10th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) were held in the Budapest Arena, Hungary between March 5 and March 7, 2004. A total off 139 countries were represented by 677 athletes at the championships.

It was the second visit of the championships to Budapest having previously visited there 15 years earlier in 1989. The newly built 13,000 capacity arena was built on the site of a former stadium that was destroyed by fire in 1999.

This was the last World Indoor Championships where the 200 m event was contested. The event was discontinued as the tight bends involved in running indoors left athletes drawn to run on the inside lanes with minimal or no chance of winning.
Been Thinking
"Been Thinking" is a single by South African singer and songwriter Tyla. It was released on 27 January 2023 through Fax and Epic Records. It features production and songwriting from American record producers and songwriters Tricky Stewart and Theron Thomas. It impacted rhythmic contemporary radio in the United States on 31 January 2023, and became her first Billboard-charting song in the region, entering at 36 on the Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay chart in May 2023.

Rhythmic contemporary
Rhythmic contemporary, also known as Rhythmic Top 20, Rhythmic Top 30, Rhythmic Top 40, Rhythmic CHR or rhythmic crossover, is a primarily American music-radio format that includes a mix of EDM, upbeat rhythmic pop, hip-hop and upbeat R&B hits. Rhythmic contemporary never uses hard rock or country in its airplay, but it may occasionally use a reggae, Latin, reggaeton, or an urban contemporary gospel hit. Essentially, the format is a cross between the mainstream radio and urban contemporary radio formats.
Chalood Nimsamer
Chalood Nimsamer (Thai: ชลูด นิ่มเสมอ, 2 May 1929 – 4 June 2015) was a Thai artist, working in sculpture, painting, drawing and prints. He was named National Artist in visual arts (sculpture) in 1998.

He graduated from the Poh Chang School of Arts and Crafts and received a Bachelor of Arts, First Class Honors (Sculpture) from Silpakorn University. He also earned Diploma of Fine Arts from the Art Institute of Accademia di Belle Arti in Rome, Italy. When he studied at the Silpakorn University, he was the first batch of students of Professor Silpa Bhirasri (The Father of Modern Arts in Thailand). His outstanding work includes the sculpture Olkutra which is displayed in front of the entrance to the Queen Sirikit National Convention Center, the sculpture Silver Bullet Money (photduang) displayed in front of the Kasikorn Bank office and the sculpture Phrabrom Phothisompharn at Huachiew Chalermprakiet University.

Huachiew Chalermprakiet University
Huachiew Chalermprakiet University (HCU) is a university in Samut Prakan Province, Thailand. It is organized into 13 faculties and a graduate school.

Huachiew (Chinese: 華僑; pinyin: Huáqiáo) comes from Teochew dialect and means 'overseas Chinese'. It is the name the foundation uses as the name of the foundation's hospital and college.
Mid-Central Conference
The Mid-Central Conference was a short-lived Indiana High School Athletic Association (IHSAA)-sanctioned conference based in Northwest-Central Indiana. Formed in 1966, and based in Boone, Carroll, Clinton, and Tippecanoe counties, the conference was hit hard by the consolidation of smaller Tippecanoe County schools into Harrison and McCutcheon high schools. The consolidation of the latter left the conference with three schools, effectively ending it. The same three schools would form the Hoosier Heartland Conference 15 years later, which is another small-school conference with a similar geographic footprint.

McCutcheon High School
McCutcheon High School is a public high school in Wea Township, Tippecanoe County, Indiana, with a Lafayette postal address, and in proximity to Lafayette. It is a part of the Tippecanoe School Corporation.

Its attendance boundary includes the municipalities of Clarks Hill, Dayton, and Shadeland, and the census-designated places of Romney, Stockwell, and West Point. Portions of the Lafayette city limits are in the McCutcheon boundary.

McCutcheon High School, situated along Old 231 South, was founded in 1975 through the unification of Wainwright and Southwestern high schools. The institution bears the name of John T. McCutcheon, a distinguished political cartoonist and native of Tippecanoe County. Since 2014, it has proudly participated in the North Central Conference.