hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pointe Coupee Artillery
The Pointe Coupee Artillery was a Confederate Louisiana artillery unit in the American Civil War made up primarily of men from the parishes of Pointe Coupee, East Baton Rouge, Livingston and other surrounding parishes as well as a large number of men from New Orleans.

Army of Tennessee
The Army of Tennessee was a field army of the Confederate States Army in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. Named for the Confederate state of Tennessee, It was formed late in 1862 in Tennessee and fought until the end of the civil war, participating in most of the significant battles in the Western Theater.
Laura Coles
Laura Coles (born 22 April 1987) is an Australian sport shooter. She competed in the women's skeet event at the 2014 Commonwealth Games where she won a gold medal.She also competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games held in the Gold Coast, Australia, where she placed 9th.

Laura represented Australia at the postponed 2020 Tokyo Olympics in Women's Skeet Shooting. She did not score sufficient points to advance past qualification.

She is married to Nick Melanko and manages a Perth-based clay target shooting experience business called Hot Shots Shooting.

Skeet shooting
Skeet shooting is a recreational and competitive activity whose participants use shotguns to attempt to break clay targets which two fixed stations mechanically fling into the air at high speed and at a variety of angles.

Skeet is one of the three major disciplines of competitive clay shooting—alongside trap shooting and sporting clays. There are several types of skeet, including one with  Olympic status (often called "Olympic skeet" or "international skeet"), and many with only national recognition.
Colorogenic
Colorogenic or colourogenic describes a property of chemical compounds which are initially not colored (i.e. they show negligible absorbance of visible light), but become colored through a chemical reaction, often through an intermolecular covalent reaction that either covalently binds the now colored compound to a target molecule, or through a reaction which leads to a colored non-covalently bound product. Colorogenic reagents are often used for qualitative testing for the presence of chemical functional groups. Colorogenic labeling reagents are sometimes used in analytical chemistry procedures, for example in HPLC or CE to derivative target compounds (e.g. labeling the primary amines of polypeptides), however the enhanced sensitivity from the analogous fluorogenic reagents, leads colorogenic reagents to be less frequently used in quantitative applications.

Absorbance
In spectroscopy, absorbance (abbreviated as A) is a logarithmic value which describes the portion of a beam of light which does not pass through a sample. Whilst the name refers to the absorption of light, other interactions of light with a sample (reflection, scattering) may also contribute to attenuation of the beam passing through the sample. The term "internal absorbance" is sometimes used to describe beam attenuation caused by absorption, while "attenuance" or "experimental absorbance" can be used to emphasize that beam attenuation can be caused by other phenomena.
Chandipur (community development block)
Chandipur (also referred to as Nandigram III) is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Tamluk subdivision of Purba Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Severo Colberg Toro
Severo Colberg Toro (born on November 6, 1953, in Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico) is a Puerto Rican politician and attorney. He served as a member of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives from 1993 to 2004. He is affiliated to the Popular Democratic Party (PPD).

Attorney at law
Attorney at law or attorney-at-law, usually abbreviated in everyday speech to attorney, is the preferred term for a practising lawyer in certain jurisdictions, including South Africa (for certain lawyers), Sri Lanka, the Philippines, and the United States. The term has its roots in the verb to attorn, meaning to transfer one's rights and obligations to another.
Hpasawng Township
Hpasaung Township (Burmese: ဖားဆောင်းမြို့နယ်; Pa'O: ဝေင်ꩻနယ်ႏဖားသောင်း, pronunciation: [weŋ˨ naːj˧ pʰa˥˦ˀ sɔːŋ˥˦ˀ]) is a township of Bawlakhe District in the Kayah State of Myanmar.
The capital town is Hpasaung.

Kayah State
Kayah State (Burmese: ကယားပြည်နယ်, pronounced [kəjá pjìnɛ̀]), or Karenni State, is a state of Myanmar. Situated in eastern Myanmar, it is bounded on the north by Shan State, on the east by Thailand's Mae Hong Son Province, and on the south and west by Kayin State. It lies approximately between 18° 30′ and 19° 55′ north latitude and between 96° 50′ and 97° 50′ east longitude. The area is 11,670 km2 (4,510 sq mi). Its capital is Loikaw (also spelt Loi-kaw). The estimated population in the 2014 Myanmar Census was 286,738, the smallest among Myanmar's seven states. It is inhabited primarily by the Karenni ethnic group, also known as Red Karen or Kayah, a Sino-Tibetan people. Even though Kayah State is the smallest state in Myanmar, it is still larger than Yangon Region.
Dospey Heights
Dospey Heights (Bulgarian: Доспейски възвишения, romanized: Dospeyski Vazvisheniya, IPA: [do'spɛjski vɤzvi'ʃɛnijɐ]) are the ice-free heights on Ray Promontory in the northwestern part of Byers Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  Extending 6 km southeastwards from Essex Point and Start Point, and 2.6 km wide.  Rising to 265 m at Start Hill.

The feature is part of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area ASPA 126 Byers Peninsula, and is situated in one of its two restricted zones.

The heights are named after the settlement of Dospey in Rila Mountain, southwestern Bulgaria.

Essex Point
Essex Point is a point at the northwest end of Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It forms the west side of the entrance to Barclay Bay and the northeast side of the entrance to Svishtov Cove, and is surmounted by Drong Hill.

The feature is part of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area ASPA 126 Byers Peninsula, situated in one of its restricted zones.

It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee (UK-APC) in 1958 after the American sealing ship Essex (under Captain Chester), one of the fleet of American sealers from Stonington, CT, which visited the South Shetland Islands in 1820–21 and 1821–22.
Krishnavarma I
Krishnavarma I (c. 430) was a Kadamba king. When the Pallava threat loomed, Santivarma divided his kingdom in c. 455 and let his younger brother Krishnavarma I rule over the southern portion and deal with the Pallavas. The branch is called the Triparvata branch and ruled from either Devagiri in the modern Dharwad district or Halebidu.

Dharwad district
Dharwad district or Dharawada is an administrative district of the state of Karnataka in southern India. The administrative headquarters of the district is the city of Dharwad, also known as Dharwar. Dharwad is located 425 km northwest of Bangalore and 421 km southeast of Pune, on the main highway between Chennai and Pune, the National Highway 4 (NH4).

Before 1997 the district had an area of 13738 km2. In 1997, the new districts of Gadag and Haveri were carved out of Dharwad's former territory, and a portion of Dharwad district was combined with lands formerly part of three other districts to create the new district of Davanagere.
Strömstad Municipality
Strömstad Municipality (Swedish: Strömstads kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Strömstad.

The municipality got its present boundaries in 1967, when  the City of Strömstad was merged with the two adjacent rural municipalities Tjärnö and Vette. Vette had been created in 1952 out of four older entities.

Västra Götaland County
Västra Götaland County  (Swedish: Västra Götalands län) is a county or län on the western coast of Sweden.

The county is the second most populous of Sweden's counties and it comprises 49 municipalities (kommuner). Its population of 1,616,000 amounts to 17% of Sweden's population. The formal capital and seat of the governor of Västra Götaland County is Gothenburg. The political capital and seat of the Västra Götaland Regional Council is Vänersborg.

The county was established on 1 January 1998, when Älvsborg County, Gothenburg and Bohus County and Skaraborg County were merged.
Bukachacha
Bukachacha (Russian: Букачача) is an urban locality (urban-type settlement) in Chernyshevsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population:  2,359 (2010 Census); 3,525 (2002 Census); 7,941 (1989 Soviet census).

During 1938-1942 there were the headquarters of the Bukachachlag GULAG labor camp. At that time it was part of Chita Oblast.

Chernyshevsky District
Chernyshevsky District (Russian: Черныше́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the center of the krai and borders Tungokochensky District in the north, Sretensky District in the east,  District in the south, and Nerchinsky District in the west.  The area of the district is 13,200 square kilometers (5,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Chernyshevsk. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 35,019, with the population of Chernyshevsk accounting for 38.2% of that number.
Rick Ravanello
Rick Ravanello (born 24 October 1967) is a Canadian actor and ex-bodybuilder who has appeared in several television series and movies. Known primarily from action and thriller films, he often portrayed soldiers, military men and detectives.

Viper (TV series)
Viper is an American action-adventure television series about a special United States task force set up by the federal government to fight crime in the fictional city of Metro City, California, that is perpetually under siege from one crime wave after another. The weapon used by this task force is an urban assault vehicle that masquerades as a Dodge Viper RT/10 roadster and coupe (later, the Viper GTS). The series takes place in "the near future". The primary brand of vehicles driven in the show were Chrysler or subsidiary companies. The series ran on NBC for one season in 1994 before being revived two years later for three more seasons of first-run syndication. Reruns of the series have appeared on Sci-Fi Channel and USA Network.

The Viper Defender "star car" was designed by Chrysler Corporation engineers unlike most Hollywood film/television cars that are usually customized by film picture designers. The exterior design of the car was produced by Chrysler stylist Steve Ferrerio.
Zavodovski Island
Zavodovski Island is an uninhabited volcanic island in the Traversay Islands subgroup of the South Sandwich Islands, which are located southeast of South Georgia in the South Atlantic Ocean. Zavodovski is the northernmost of the South Sandwich Islands and consists of one major stratovolcano, Mount Curry, which is surrounded to the east by a plain formed by lava flows. Mount Curry has a fumarolically active crater on the southwestern side, which also bears traces of a sector collapse. An eruption occurred in 2016.

The island was officially discovered in December 1819 by Thaddeus von Bellingshausen. The largest penguin colony on Earth with over a million breeding pairs is situated on Zavodovski. It consists mostly of chinstrap penguins, although other seabirds and penguin species breed on the island as well. Early explorers noted the bad smell of the island, which is reflected in numerous placenames.

Volcanic island
Geologically, a volcanic island is an island of volcanic origin. The term high island can be used to distinguish such islands from low islands, which are formed from sedimentation or the uplifting of coral reefs (which have often formed on sunken volcanoes).
Maarten van Severen
Maarten Van Severen (5 June 1956, Antwerp, Belgium – 21 February 2005, Ghent, Belgium) was a Belgian furniture designer and interior architect. He came from an artistic family: his father was the abstract painter Dan Van Severen while his brother, Fabian Van Severen, is also a designer. Maarten Van Severen started out studying architecture in Ghent, designing furniture from 1986 onward. He is considered one of the few Belgian designers who have achieved international success.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Mykola Sumtsov
Mykola Fedorovych Sumtsov (Ukrainian: Микола Федорович Сумцов) or Nikolai Fyodorovich Sumtsov (Russian: Николай Фёдорович Сумцов, 18 April 1854, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire – 12 September 1922 Kharkiv [Kharkov], Ukrainian SSR, USSR), sometimes spelled Sumcov, was an ethnographer, folklorist, art historian, literary scholar, educator and museum expert, who flourished in the Russian Empire, Ukrainian People's Republic, and Soviet Ukraine.

Sumtsov was a champion and defender of the culture and language of Ukraine in both academic and popular realms, and contributed to a systematic history of Ukrainian literature. He delivered the first Ukrainian-language university lecture during a decades-long imperial ban, and established the H.S. Skovoroda Museum of Sloboda Ukraine (in 2015, renamed M. F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum after its founder).

VN Karazin Kharkiv National University
The V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (Ukrainian: Харківський національний університет імені В.Н. Каразіна, romanized: Kharkivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni V.N. Karazina), also known as Kharkiv National University or Karazin University, is a public university in Kharkiv, Ukraine. It was founded in 1804 through the efforts of Vasily Karazin, becoming the second oldest university, and the oldest continuously operating one, in modern-day Ukraine.

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, all buildings were partially or fully destroyed by attacks from Russian forces.
Nicholas Theocarakis
Nicholas Theocarakis, also transcribed as Nikos Theocharakis (Greek: Νίκος Θεοχαράκης, born 1956), is a Greek economist and professor of economics at Athens University. He is the author of several books and contributions on economic theory and history of economic thought.

In March 2015, he was appointed General Secretary of Fiscal Policy leading the technical negotiations of the Greek Ministry of Finance with the Eurogroup. At the end of April, PM Alexis Tsipras made changes in the negotiation team.

Eurogroup
The Eurogroup is the recognised collective term for the informal meetings of the finance ministers of the eurozone—those member states of the European Union (EU) which have adopted the euro as their official currency. The group has 21 members. It exercises political control over the currency and related aspects of the EU's monetary union such as the Stability and Growth Pact.

The ministers meet in camera a day before a meeting of the Economic and Financial Affairs Council (ECOFIN) of the Council of the European Union. They communicate their decisions via press and document releases. The group is related to the Council of the European Union (only Eurogroup member states vote on issues relating to the euro in the ECOFIN) and was formalised under the Treaty of Lisbon.
Mount Tidd
Mount Tidd (81°17′S 85°13′W﻿ / ﻿81.283°S 85.217°W﻿ / -81.283; -85.217) is a prominent rock peak which is the highest summit in Pirrit Hills. The peak was positioned by the U.S. Ellsworth-Byrd Traverse Party on December 10, 1958. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Paul Tidd of the U.S. Navy, who was the Officer-in-Charge of Ellsworth Station in 1958.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Tidd". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Ellsworth Station
Ellsworth Scientific Station (Spanish: Estación Científica Ellsworth, or simply Estación Ellsworth or Base Ellsworth) was a permanent, all year-round originally American, then Argentine Antarctic scientific research station named after American polar explorer Lincoln Ellsworth. It was located on Gould Bay, on the Filchner Ice Shelf.

It was shut down in 1962 over safety concerns due to it being built on increasingly unstable ice, which produced fast deterioration of its superstructures and endangered both personnel and equipment.
Aotearoa (canoe)
In Māori tradition, Aotearoa was one of the great ocean-voyaging canoes that were used in the migrations that settled New Zealand. Aotearoa was captained by Mokotōrea or Mokoterea. It landed at Aotea on the Tasman Sea coast of the Waikato and was buried there.

Aotea Harbour
Aotea Harbour (Māori: Aotea Moana) is a settlement and smallest of three large natural inlets in the Tasman Sea coast of the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located between Raglan Harbour to the north and Kawhia Harbour to the south, 30 kilometres southwest of Hamilton.
John Hotham (died c.1609)
John Hotham (died c. 1609) was the Member of Parliament for Scarborough in 1584 and Hedon in 1586.

He was a son of Francis Hotham and Mary, a daughter of Humphrey Hercy or Horsey of Grove, Nottinghamshire. His family lands were at Scorborough in Yorkshire. The house at Scorborough burnt down in 1705.

A surviving portrait of John Hotham was formerly attributed to the artist Abraham Janssens.

Hedon (UK Parliament constituency)
Hedon, sometimes spelt Heydon, was a parliamentary borough in the East Riding of Yorkshire, represented by two Members of Parliament in the House of Commons briefly in the 13th century and again from 1547 to 1832.
Joseph Dorsey House
Joseph Dorsey House was a historic building in West Brownsville, Pennsylvania. It is designated as a historic residential landmark/farmstead by the Washington County History & Landmarks Foundation.

The namesake Joseph Dorsey, a Maryland native, built the stone house c. 1787 on a large estate of 1,280 acres (5.2 km2).

The house no longer stands, having been destroyed by a 1993 fire.

West Brownsville, Pennsylvania
West Brownsville is a former important transportation nexus and a present-day borough in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States and part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. The population was 972 at the 2020 census. Culturally, by postal route, and socially, the community is connected to cross-river sister-city Brownsville.  The two towns were long joined by the Amerindian trail known as Nemacolin's Path that became a wagon road after the American Revolution.  In present times, however, West Brownsville is a separate municipality. Brownsville was the first point where the descent from the Appalachians could safely reach the river down the generally steep banks of the Monongahela River.  Between Brownsville and West Brownsville was a shallow stretch, usable as a river ford astride a major Emigrant Trail to the various attractive regions in the Northwest Territory, the first National Road, the Cumberland Pike (Now U.S. Route 40).
Bielby (surname)
Bielby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elizabeth Bielby, British physician and missionary

Jonathan Bielby (born 1944), British organist

Matt Bielby (born 1965), British magazine editor

Paul Bielby (born 1956), British footballer

Richard Bielby (born 1947), British cricketer

William T. Bielby, American sociologist

Richard Bielby
Stephen Richard Bielby (born 9 March 1947 in Windsor) is an English former first-class cricketer who played for Nottinghamshire between 1967 and 1971. He also appeared in Minor Counties matches for Buckinghamshire.
Proposed Melbourne tram extensions
Numerous proposals have been made for improvements to the Melbourne tram network, the largest such network in the world. Nearly all of these have been for track extensions of existing lines to connect with nearby railway station or to service new areas and suburbs.

Fishermans Bend
Fishermans Bend (formerly Fishermen's Bend) is a precinct within the City of Port Phillip and the City of Melbourne. It is located on the south of the Yarra River in the suburb of Port Melbourne and opposite Coode Island, close to the Melbourne central business district. Fishermans Bend originally included the area now known as Garden City, which was renamed in 1929.

Since 2012 the area has been designated as a major urban renewal area, with plans for 80,000 residents by 2050. The future framework for Fishermans Bend includes one major employment precinct and four primarily residential suburbs.
Ingrailed clay
The ingrailed clay (Diarsia mendica) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775. It is distributed through most of Europe and the Palearctic.

This species occurs in a huge range of colours and is one of the most variable species in the family. Its forewings range in colour from very pale straw to very dark brown, with the pale forms predominant in the south of the range and the darker forms prevalent further north.

Johan Christian Fabricius
Johann Christian Fabricius (7 January 1745 – 3 March 1808) was a Danish zoologist, specialising in the "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others. He was a student of Carl Linnaeus, and is considered one of the most important entomologists of the 18th century, having named nearly 10,000 species of animals, and established the basis for the modern insect classification.
2010 FC Tampa Bay season
The 2010 FC Tampa Bay season was the first and inaugural season of FC Tampa Bay and only season in the USL Conference of the USSF Division 2 Professional League, the second tier of the American Soccer Pyramid. The USSF D-2 was a temporary professional soccer league created by the United States Soccer Federation (USSF) in 2010 to last just one season, as a compromise between the feuding United Soccer Leagues (USL) and the North American Soccer League (NASL).

Puerto Rico Islanders
The Puerto Rico Islanders were a professional soccer team based in Bayamón, Puerto Rico. The team was founded in 2003, and played in several different leagues from 2004 to 2012, when they suspended operations. In their last two seasons they played in the North American Soccer League (NASL), the second tier of the American soccer pyramid. They played their home games at Juan Ramón Loubriel Stadium. The team's colors were orange and white. The team was dissolved after the 2012 season, and the team was succeeded by Puerto Rico FC.