hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Code Access Security
Code Access Security (CAS), in the Microsoft .NET framework, is Microsoft's solution to prevent untrusted code from performing privileged actions. When the CLR loads an assembly it will obtain evidence for the assembly and use this to identify the code group that the assembly belongs to. A code group contains a permission set (one or more permissions). Code that performs a privileged action will perform a code access demand which will cause the CLR to walk up the call stack and examine the permission set granted to the assembly of each method in the call stack. 
The code groups and permission sets are determined by the administrator of the machine who defines the security policy. 
Microsoft considers CAS as obsolete and discourages its use. It is also not available in .NET Core and .NET.

File-system permissions
Typically, a file system maintains permission settings for each stored item – commonly files and directories – that either grant or deny the ability to manipulate file system items. Often the settings allow controlling access based on function such as read, change, navigate, and execute and to different users and groups of users.

One well-established technology was developed for Unix and later codified by POSIX. Another common technology is an access-control list (ACL) with multiple variants implemented in file systems and one codified by POSIX. Since POSIX defines both the older Unix-based technology as well as ACLs, the former is called traditional POSIX permissions for clarity even though it is not a well-known term.

A permission-driven user interface tailors the functionality available to the user based on file system item permissions. For example, the interface might hide menu options that are not allowed based on the permissions stored for an item.
Igor Romishevsky
Igor Anatolievich Romishevsky (March 25, 1940 – September 28, 2013) was a Russian ice hockey player who played in the Soviet Hockey League. At the 1968 Winter Olympics and 1972 Winter Olympics he won the gold medals with the Soviet team. He was gold medalist of the World Championships from 1969 to 1971 and silver medalist in 1972.

Romishevsky was born in Zhukovsky, Moscow Oblast. He graduated from Moscow Forest Engineering Institute 1969 and received his PhD degree in 1974.

During his professional hockey career he played with HC CSKA Moscow.

He was later inducted into the Russian and Soviet Hockey Hall of Fame in 1968.

In 1974–1979 Romishevsky was a chair of Sports Department at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. Since 1979 he was a head coach of SKA Leningrad for two seasons. In 1984–1990 Romishevsky was a head coach of SKA Novosibirsk.

He died at age 73, on 28 September 2013, in Moscow.

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT; Russian: Московский физико-технический институт, also known as PhysTech), is a public research university located in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It prepares specialists in theoretical and applied physics, applied mathematics and related disciplines.

The main MIPT campus is located in Dolgoprudny, a northern suburb of Moscow. However the Aeromechanics Department is based in Zhukovsky, a suburb south-east of Moscow.

As Phystech's founder, Pyotr Kapitsa, designed the institute inspired by and in accordance with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology model, Phystech is commonly hailed as the "MIT of Russia" and is considered to be the leading specialized technical institution of higher education in the former Soviet Union.

The rector Dmitry Livanov and Nikolay Kudryavtsev, the president of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, both have signed a letter of support for the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Rajauri, Punjab
Rajauri is a village in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 km from Nagar, 17.6 km from Phillaur, 60.8 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 114 km from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.
The Enterkraner
The Enterkraner is the debut studio album by Nigerian singer Dammy Krane. Released on 21 August 2014 through Hypertek Digital and 960 Music Group, the album features guest appearances from 2Face Idibia, Rocksteady, Davido, Pucado, DJ Consequence, Olamide, Pasuma, and Ice Prince. Production was handled by LeriQ, Spellz, Teebeeo, Fliptyce, and Dayme.

960 Music Group
960 Music Group (also known as 960 Music), headquartered in Lagos, is a Nigerian record company, content owner, and artist management firm focused on providing diverse audio and visual entertainment across Nigeria. The company is headed by Mark Redguard.

Independent record labels under 960 Music include Hypertek Digital (2 Face, Sir Victor Uwaifo, Rocksteady and Dammy Krane), Aristokrat Records (Pucado, Kamar Tachio, Ozone, Mojeed and Leriq) and Ultima Productions (Geoffrey Oji). On 19 November 2014, 960 Music Group announced the addition of Password to the label on a management and promotions deal.
2026 San Francisco Board of Supervisors election
Five of the eleven seats on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors are up for election in the 2026 San Francisco Board of Supervisors elections. Two seats filled by mayoral appointments will be contested first in a special election on June 2, 2026. Those two seats, along with three additional seats, are scheduled to be decided on as part of the November 3, 2026 general election. The election will be conducted with ranked-choice voting.

Shamann Walton
Shamann Walton (born 1974/1975)  is an American politician. He has been a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors since 2019, representing District 10, and served as president of the Board from January 8, 2021 to January 8, 2023. Walton earlier served on the San Francisco Board of Education and was its president immediately prior to his election as supervisor.
Dislecksia: The Movie
Dislecksia: The Movie is a documentary film. It was released in 2012 by Captured Time Productions, LLC, a production company based in Litchfield, Connecticut. Dislecksia is the company's seventh film. It is directed by Emmy Award-winning director Harvey Hubbell V, who is a dyslexic himself.

Litchfield, Connecticut
Litchfield is a town in and former county seat of Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 8,192 at the 2020 census. The town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region. The boroughs of Bantam and Litchfield are located within the town. There are also three unincorporated villages: East Litchfield, Milton, and Northfield. Northfield, located in the southeastern corner of Litchfield, is home to a high percentage of the Litchfield population.
Odis Allison
Odis Jackson Allison Jr. (October 2, 1949 – July 30, 2022) was an American basketball player.

Born in Tulare, California, Allison played collegiately for the University of Nevada, Las Vegas from 1969-71. At UNLV, Allison led the team in scoring for the 1969-70 season with 19.0 ppg. He was selected as a second-team WCAC all-conference forward in 1970 and 1971. In 2010, The Las Vegas Review-Journal named Allison the 43rd best player in UNLV history.

He was selected by the Golden State Warriors in the 5th round (76th pick overall) of the 1971 NBA draft.  He played for the Warriors in the NBA (1971–72) for 36 games.

After his playing career, Allison worked in automotive sales and also coached basketball. He was an assistant coach on Jerry Tarkanian's 1976-77 UNLV team that made the Final Four in the NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament. He also served as the head coach at Contra Costa College for a number of years.

West Coast Conference
The West Coast Conference (WCC) — known as the California Basketball Association from 1952 to 1956 and then as the West Coast Athletic Conference until 1989 — is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with NCAA Division I consisting of nine member schools across the states of California, Oregon, and Washington.

All of the current full members are private, faith-based institutions. Seven members are Catholic Church affiliates, with five of these schools being Jesuit institutions, including the newest member of the conference, Seattle. Pepperdine is an affiliate of the Churches of Christ. The conference's second-newest member, the University of the Pacific (which rejoined in 2013 after a 42-year absence), is affiliated with the United Methodist Church, although it has been financially independent of the church since 1969.
SAS Jan Smuts
SAS Jan Smuts was a Minister-class strike craft of the South African Navy.

The SAS Jan Smuts was the first of the Minister class to be built and initially launched with only a pennant number, P1561. She arrived in Simon's Town in September 1977 under the command of Commander Robert Simpson-Anderson. She was later named SAS Jan Smuts after former Prime Minister Jan Smuts.

When the strike craft were renamed in 1997, the SAS Jan Smuts was the only one to retain her original name.

She was withdrawn from service on 20 March 1998 and sold for scrap.

Simon's Town
Simon's Town (Afrikaans: Simonstad), sometimes spelled Simonstown, is a town in the Western Cape, South Africa and is home to Naval Base Simon's Town, the South African Navy's largest base. It is located on the shores of Simon's Bay in False Bay, on the eastern side of the Cape Peninsula. For more than two centuries, it has been a naval base and harbour (first for the British Royal Navy and now the South African Navy). The town is named after Simon van der Stel, an early governor of the Cape Colony.
Neuse Correctional Institution
Neuse Correctional Institution is a minimum and medium security state prison for men in the United States, operated by the State of North Carolina Department of Public Safety in Goldsboro in Wayne County, North Carolina.

Housing 816 prisoners, Neuse Correctional Institution received its first inmates on August 27, 1994. Neuse was built to replace Triangle Correctional Center in Raleigh as the eastern North Carolina processing center for adult male misdemeanants.  The original 500-bed construction project was authorized in July 1992 with a budget of $10.6 million, and another 100-bed dormitory was added to the construction program in July 1993.

North Carolina Department of Public Safety
The North Carolina Department of Public Safety (NCDPS) is an umbrella agency that carries out many of the state's law enforcement, emergency response and homeland security functions. The department was created in 1977 as the Department of Crime Control and Public Safety. In 2012, the North Carolina Department of Correction and the North Carolina Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention were merged with Crime Control & Public Safety to create the new agency.

The department is headed by a secretary of public safety, who is appointed by the governor of North Carolina. The secretary is a member of the North Carolina Cabinet. The most recent Secretary Eddie Buffaloe was reaffirmed on January 5, 2025.
3rd Tarang Cine Awards
The results of the 2012 3rd Tarang Cine Awards, the awards presented annually by the Tarang entertainment television channel to honor artistic and technical excellence in the Oriya language film industry of India ("Ollywood"), are as follow:

Lifetime Achievement – Sarat Pujari

Best Film – Chocolate

Best Director – Sushant Mani -Chocolate

Best Actor – Anubhav Mohanty  - Balunga Toka

Best Actress – Archita Sahu -Chocolate

Best Lyricist – Bapu Goswami  -Chocolate

Best Singer – Babusan Mohanty -Chocolate

Best Editor – Biren Jyoti Mohanty -Chocolate

Best Dialogues – Bapu Goswami - Chocolate

Best Cinematography – Apurba Kishore Bir  - Jianta Bhuta

Best Comedian – Papu Pom Pom -Balunga Toka

Best Actor (Debut) – Harihar Das -Mu Premi Mu Pagala

Best Actress (Debut) – Anubha Sourya -Mu Premi Mu Pagala

Best Actor (in a Negative Role) – Samaresh Routray - Loafer

Archita Sahu
Archita Sahu (born 29 June 1990), known mononymously as Archita, is an Indian actress, model, and television personality. She is known for her work in Odia films, for which she has received four Odisha State Film Awards.
Anthony Antoncich
Anthony Mark Antoncich DFM (17 October 1917 – 5 October 1998) was a member of the Royal Air Force in the Second World War. He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Medal in 1943 for service in West Africa. The award was officially presented on 11 June 1953 in Rhodesia by the Governor of Northern Rhodesia. The award was made for two separate attacks on U-boat submarines in difficult conditions.

Born at Keetmanshoop, South West Africa, he attended Selborne College, East London, South Africa.  In 1939, Anthony was living in Umtali, Rhodesia when he joined the Rhodesian Air Force at Salisbury and was subsequently drafted into the Royal Air Force in 1941.

Rhodesian Air Force
The Rhodesian Air Force (RhAF) was an air force based in Salisbury (now Harare) which represented several entities under various names between 1935 and 1980: originally serving the British self-governing colony of Southern Rhodesia, it was the air arm of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland between 1953 and 31 December 1963; of Southern Rhodesia once again from 1 January 1964; and of the unrecognised nation of Rhodesia following its Unilateral Declaration of Independence from Britain on 11 November 1965.

Named the Royal Rhodesian Air Force (RRAF) from 1954, the "Royal" prefix was dropped in 1970 when Rhodesia declared itself a republic – the official abbreviation changed appropriately. When the internationally recognised country of Zimbabwe came into being in 1980, the RhAF became the Air Force of Zimbabwe.
Canton of Yerres
48°43′02″N 2°29′17″E﻿ / ﻿48.7171°N 2.4881°E﻿ / 48.7171; 2.4881

The Canton of Yerres is a French administrative division, located in the arrondissement of Évry, in the Essonne département (Île-de-France région). Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the canton of Yerres consists of the communes of Yerres and Brunoy (partly). It had 49,067 inhabitants as of 2018.

Brunoy
Brunoy (French pronunciation: [bʁynwa] ⓘ) is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, Île-de-France, France. It is located 20.6 km (12.8 mi) from the center of Paris. The tenor Louis Nourrit (1780–1831) died in Brunoy.

The city has a church Saint-Medard, richly decorated in the Louis XVI style. Organ Festival takes place each year in November.

Brunoy is home to a branch of Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim Lubavitch, which attracts hundreds of students from around the world, most notably from the United States of America and Israel.
Greta Magnusson
Maja Greta Magnusson (8 March 1929 – 16 January 1998) was a Swedish athlete. She competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in the long jump and 4 × 100 m relay, but failed to reach the finals. She finished fifth-seventh in these events at the 1946 European Athletics Championships. Magnusson won the national long jump title in 1947, 1949, 1952 and 1956.

1946 European Athletics Championships
The 3rd European Athletics Championships were held from 22 August to 25 August 1946 in the Bislett Stadion in Oslo, Norway. For the first time it was a combined event for men and women, and for the first time a city in Scandinavia hosted the championships.  Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald.

Two of the women's medalists from France underwent sex change later.  Claire Brésolles became Pierre Brésolles, and Léa Caurla became Léon Caurla.
New Edubiase
New Edubiase is a small town and is the capital of Adansi South, a district in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. it was formerly called the Adansi East district in the Ashanti Region. It shares boundaries on the north with Adansi North and the northeast with the Amansie East District and on the east side shares boundary with Birim East in the Eastern Region, share boundary with Obuasi Municipal from the west and the south with Assin North in the Central Region.

Central Region (Ghana)
The Central Region is one of the sixteen administrative regions of Ghana. Ashanti and Eastern regions border it to the north, Western region to the west, Greater Accra region to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. The Central Region is renowned for its many elite high schools and an economy based on an abundance of industrial minerals and tourism. The Central region has tourist attractions including castles, forts and beaches along the region's coastline.
Porcellio obsoletus
Porcellio obsoletus is a species of woodlouse in the genus Porcellio belonging to the family Porcellionidae that can be found on islands like Crete, Cyclades, Cyprus, Dodecanese, Malta, North Aegean, and Sicily. It can also be found in such European countries as Albania, Croatia, Greece, Italy,  Ukraine, and European part of Turkey.

North Aegean
The North Aegean Region (Greek: Περιφέρεια Βορείου Αιγαίου, romanized: Periféreia Voreíou Aigaíou [periˈferia voˈriu eˈʝeu]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece, and the smallest of the thirteen by population. It comprises the islands of the north-eastern Aegean Sea, called the North Aegean islands, except for Thasos and Samothrace, which belong to the Greek region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, and Imbros and Tenedos, which belong to Turkey.
Alfred Hawkins (footballer)
Alfred T. Hawkins (born 1904, date of death unknown) was a professional footballer who played in the Football League as a forward for Crystal Palace. He also played non-league football for Southall F.C.

Southall F.C.
Southall Football Club is a football club representing Southall in the London Borough of Ealing, England. The club is affiliated to the Middlesex County Football Association. They are currently members of the Isthmian League South Central Division.

From the start of the 2025-26 season, Southall FC will ground share at Hayes & Yeading United's SKYex Community Stadium.
91st New York State Legislature
The 91st New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 7 to May 6, 1868, during the fourth year of Reuben E. Fenton's governorship, in Albany.

Reuben Fenton
Reuben Eaton Fenton (July 4, 1819 – August 25, 1885) was an American merchant and politician from New York. In the mid-19th century, he served as a U.S. Representative, a U.S. Senator, and as Governor of New York.
Sewa-II
Sewa-II is a hydroelectric power station located in the Himalayan region in Kathua District Jammu and Kashmir state. It is constructed by NHPC Limited on the Sewa River, a tributary of the Ravi River. Commissioned in 2010, it has a surface power house with the capacity of 120 MW, comprising three Pelton wheel units of 40 MW each, which are fed through a 10 km headrace tunnel from the Sewa II Reservoir, giving a maximum water head of 599m. The Sewa II Dam has a height of 53m. The power station generates 534 GW⋅h annually in a 90% dependable year. The beneficiary states of the project include Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Delhi, Rajasthan and Union Territory of Chandigarh.

Kilowatt-hour
A kilowatt-hour (unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units, which is the energy delivered by one kilowatt of power for one hour. Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities. Metric prefixes are used for multiples and submultiples of the basic unit, the watt-hour (3.6 kJ).
Paraphylax
The paraphylax  (Greek: παραφύλαξ, "chief guardian") was a low-ranking provincial military office in the middle Byzantine Empire.

The paraphylax is often attested in lead seals of the 7th–9th centuries, and mentioned in lists of offices. The post was low-ranking (bearers typically held the dignities of hypatos,  strator, or, at most, spatharios), and apparently concerned with the maintenance of public order and/or the command of irregular forces. In seals, the office is frequently combined with provincial fiscal posts as well, such as the kommerkiarios or the chartoularios of the genikon.

Chartoularios
The chartoularios or chartularius (Ancient Greek: χαρτουλάριος), Anglicized as chartulary, was a late Roman and Byzantine administrative official, entrusted with administrative and fiscal duties, either as a subaltern official of a department or province or at the head of various independent bureaus.
Manuherikia River
The Manuherikia River is located in Otago in the South Island of New Zealand. It rises in the far north of the Maniototo, with the West Branch draining the eastern side of the St Bathans Range, and the East Branch draining the western flanks of the Hawkdun Range.  The river continues southwest through the wide Manuherikia Valley to its confluence with the Clutha River at Alexandra. During the 1860s the Manuherikia was one of the centres of the Otago gold rush.

The river is crossed by two historically significant bridges, the curved Manuherikia Bridge No.1 (number 70 on the Otago Central Railway line), a concrete pier bridge completed in 1903, and a stone pier bridge at Ophir built in 1880.

The Māori spelling for the river is Manuherekia, meaning "at long last".

Otago Central Railway
The Otago Central Railway (OCR) or in later years Otago Central Branch Railway, now often referred to as the Taieri Gorge Railway, was a secondary railway line in Central Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand.
2014 Illinois elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Illinois on November 4, 2014. All of Illinois' executive officers were up for election as well as a United States Senate seat, and all of Illinois' eighteen seats in the United States House of Representatives. Primary elections were held on March 18, 2014.

Dan Rutherford
Dan Rutherford (born May 26, 1955) is an American politician who served as the 73rd Treasurer of Illinois from 2011 to 2015. A member of the Republican Party, he previously was the Illinois State Senator from the 53rd district from 2003 to 2011 and a member of the Illinois House of Representatives from 1993 to 2003.
Mayré Martínez
Mayré Andrea de los Ángeles Martínez Blanco (born in Caracas Venezuela November 28, 1978), is a Latin pop singer, songwriter. She rose to popularity in Latin America after winning the first season of the reality show Latin American Idol. In her native country, Venezuela, she was a contestant in Radio Caracas Television's reality show Fama, Sudor y Lágrimas 2006, where she came in fifth place, because she decided to back out to join the cast of Latin American Idol. She's the oldest contestant ever to win Latin American Idol prior to being the first winner.

Latin pop
Latin pop (Spanish: pop latino), also referred to as Spanish-language pop (Spanish: pop en español), is a subgenre of popular music defined primarily as pop music performed in Spanish. While its foundation lies in the structural and commercial conventions of international pop music—memorable melodies, rhythmic regularity, electric instrumentation, and broad appeal—it is often enriched by stylistic influences from Latin American and Iberian musical traditions.

Emerging from Spanish-speaking musicians, Latin pop remains distinct from other Latin genres such as rock en español, tropical, reggaeton, and dance, though it may incorporate elements of these styles. In this sense, the fusion with Latin or Hispanic folk genres is characteristic but secondary to its central definition as pop music in Spanish.