hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Joseph Mackenzie
John Joseph Mackenzie (24 March 1865 – 1 August 1922) was a Canadian pathologist and bacteriologist.  He was born at St. Thomas, Canada West, and was educated at Toronto, Leipzig, and Berlin universities, and later was appointed bacteriologist at the Ontario Board of Health.  In 1900 he became professor of pathology and bacteriology in Toronto University.  He was made fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (1909), president of the Canadian Institute (1909), and a member of the Society of American Bacteriologists and of the American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists.  He contributed scientific papers to the medical press and published Recent Theories in Regard to the Causes of Immunity to Infectious Disease (1907).

Bacteriologist
A bacteriologist is a microbiologist, or similarly trained professional, in bacteriology— a subdivision of microbiology that studies bacteria, typically pathogenic ones. Bacteriologists are interested in studying and learning about bacteria, as well as using their skills in clinical settings. This includes investigating properties of bacteria such as morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry, phylogenetics, genomics and many other areas related to bacteria like disease diagnostic testing. Alongside human and animal healthcare providers, they may carry out various functions as medical scientists, veterinary scientists, pathologists, or diagnostic technicians in locations like clinics, blood banks, hospitals, laboratories and animal hospitals. Bacteriologists working in public health or biomedical research help develop vaccines for public use as well as public health guidelines for restaurants and businesses.
Qasr Ali
Qasr Ali (Arabic: قصر علي)  is a Syrian village located in Al-Hamraa Nahiyah in Hama District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Qasr Ali had a population of 263 in the 2004 census.

Al-Hamraa Subdistrict
Al-Hamraa Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية الحمراء)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Hama District in Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Hamraa Subdistrict had a population of 32,604 in the 2004 census.
Foothill High School (Orange County, California)
Foothill High School is a public secondary school located in the unincorporated community of North Tustin, California. It has a mailing address of Santa Ana, but it is a part of the Tustin Unified School District.

North Tustin, California
North Tustin is an unincorporated community in Orange County, California. The population was 25,718 at the 2020 census, up from 24,917 in 2010. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined North Tustin as a census-designated place (CDP). It is both the largest CDP and largest unincorporated community in Orange County. The CDP's name was changed from Tustin Foothills in 2005. Located outside the city limits of Tustin, North Tustin has 92705 and 92780 ZIP Codes.
Booubyjan Homestead
Booubyjan Homestead is a heritage-listed homestead at Booubyjan Road, Booubyjan, Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from the 1860s to the 1870s circa. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Homestead (building)
A homestead is an isolated dwelling, especially a farmhouse, and adjacent outbuildings, typically on a large agricultural holding such as a ranch or station.

In North America the word "homestead" historically referred to land claimed by a settler or squatter under the Homestead Acts (United States) or the Dominion Lands Act (Canada). In Old English, the term was used to mean a human settlement, and in Southern Africa the term is used for a cluster of several houses normally occupied by a single extended family.

In Australia, it refers to the owner's house and the associated outbuildings of a pastoral property, known as a station. Some large and historic homesteads, especially those that resemble a mansion with large tracts of farmland, are often called "estates", and can be analogous to the English country house, châteaux, or a schloss, but are much younger and modest compared to their European counterparts. Examples include Booloominbah and Iandra Castle.
Santa Sangre
Santa Sangre (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsãn̪.t̪a ˈsãŋ.ɡɾe], 'Holy Blood') is a 1989 surrealist psychological horror film directed by Alejandro Jodorowsky and written by Jodorowsky along with Claudio Argento and Roberto Leoni. It stars Axel Jodorowsky, Adán Jodorowsky, Teo Jodorowsky, Blanca Guerra, Thelma Tixou, and Guy Stockwell. An international co-production of Mexico and Italy, the film is set in Mexico, and tells the story of Fénix, a boy who grew up in a circus and his struggle with childhood trauma. It is included in Empire magazine's 2008 list of the 500 Greatest Movies of All Time.

Childhood trauma
Childhood trauma is often described as serious adverse childhood experiences. Children may go through a range of experiences that classify as psychological trauma; these might include neglect, abandonment, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and physical abuse. They may also witness abuse of a sibling or parent, or have a mentally ill parent. Childhood trauma has been correlated with later negative effects on health and psychological wellbeing. However, resilience is also a common outcome; many children who experience adverse childhood experiences do not develop mental or physical health problems.
Kungsholmens gymnasium
Kungsholmens gymnasium is an upper secondary school (Swedish: gymnasium) located on the island of Kungsholmen in Stockholm, Sweden. The school is divided into a Swedish Section, an English-speaking International Section, and a Music Section which uses the name Stockholms Musikgymnasium. Kungsholmens Gymnasium is a popular school in Stockholm with high application rates and some of the highest minimum admission requirements within the Stockholm County.

Kungsholmen
Kungsholmen is an island in Lake Mälaren in Sweden, part of central Stockholm, Sweden. It is situated north of Riddarfjärden and considered part of the historical province Uppland. Its area is 3.9 km2 (1.5 sq mi) with a perimeter of 8.9 km (5.5 mi). The highest point is at Stadshagsplan at 47 metres (154 ft). The total population is 71,542 (December 31, 2020).

Administratively, it is subdivided into the five districts Kungsholmen, Marieberg, Fredhäll, Kristineberg and Stadshagen.
LAN-free backup
A LAN-free backup  is a backup of server data to a shared, central storage device without sending the data over the local area network (LAN). It is usually achieved by using a storage area network (SAN).

Note that trivial backup to a dedicated, unshared storage device (such as local tape drive) does not meet the definition.

Network-attached storage
Network-attached storage (NAS) is a file-level computer data storage server connected to a computer network providing data access to a heterogeneous group of clients. In this context, the term "NAS" can refer to both the technology and systems involved, or a specialized computer appliance device unit built for such functionality – a NAS appliance or NAS box. NAS contrasts with block-level, storage area networks (SAN) and direct-attached storage (DAS).
Okaikwei Central (Ghana parliament constituency)
Okaikwei Central is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. The Okaikwei Central constituency is located in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.

Greater Accra Region
The Greater Accra Region has the smallest area of Ghana's 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 3,245 square kilometres. This is 1.4 per cent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region, with a population of 5,455,692 in 2021, accounting for 17.7 per cent of Ghana's total population.

The Greater Accra region is the most urbanized region in the country, with 87.4% of its total population living in urban centres. The capital city of Greater Accra Region is Accra which is at the same time the capital city of Ghana.
George Herbert Walker
George Herbert "Bert" Walker Sr. (June 11, 1875 – June 24, 1953) was an American banker and businessman. He was the maternal grandfather of the 41st United States President George H. W. Bush and a great-grandfather of George W. Bush, both of whom were named in his honor.  He was also the amateur heavyweight-boxing champion of Missouri while studying law at Washington University School of Law.

Washington University School of Law
The Washington University School of Law (WashU Law) is the law school of Washington University in St. Louis, a private research university in St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1867, it is the oldest continuously operating law school west of the Mississippi River.

In 2025, WashU Law reported a median LSAT score of 175 for its incoming Class of 2028, which is the highest median of any law school in the United States. The school offers JD, LLM, MLS, and JSD degrees, along with a range of dual-degree programs in conjunction with other schools at the university, and graduates around 230 to 250 JD students each year.
Sowe (surname)
Sowe is a Gambian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ali Sowe (born 1994), Gambian football forward

Modou Sowe (born 1963), Gambian football referee

Mousa Balla Sowe (born 1997), Gambian football winger

Modou Sowe
Modou Sowe (born November 25, 1963) is a Gambian football referee who currently resides in Gambia.  He first became a full international referee for FIFA in 1998.

He was selected as a referee for the 2004 African Cup of Nations in Tunisia, the 2006 African Cup of Nations in Egypt, and the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations in Ghana, and officiated in qualifying matches for the 2002 and 2006 World Cups.

Sowe was named as a candidate referee for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, but was not selected for the tournament.
Lailakh Mamalkha railway station
Lailakh Mamalkha railway station is a railway station on Sahibganj loop line under the Malda railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside National Highway 80 At- Lailakh Mamalkha in Bhagalpur district in the Indian state of Bihar.

Bhagalpur district
Bhagalpur district (/ˈbɑːɡəlpʊər/) is one of the thirty-eight districts of the Indian state of Bihar, located in the southeastern region, with its administrative headquarters in the city of Bhagalpur. It is one of the oldest districts of Bihar. It is a part of Bhagalpur Division.
Sound bite
A sound bite or soundbite is a short clip of speech or music extracted from a longer piece of audio, often used to promote or exemplify the full-length piece. In the context of journalism, a sound bite is characterized by a short phrase or sentence that captures the essence of what the speaker was trying to say, and is used to summarize information and entice the reader or viewer. The term was coined by the U.S. media in the 1970s. Since then, various politicians have increasingly employed sound bites to summarize their positions.

Due to its brevity, the sound bite often overshadows the broader context in which it was spoken, and can be misleading or inaccurate. The insertion of sound bites into news broadcasts or documentaries is open to manipulation, leading to conflict over journalistic ethics.

Context
In semiotics, linguistics, sociology and anthropology, context refers to those objects or entities which surround a focal event, in these disciplines typically a communicative event, of some kind. Context is "a frame that surrounds the event and provides resources for its appropriate interpretation".: 2–3  It is thus a relative concept, only definable with respect to some focal event within a frame, not independently of that frame.
Davide Fragnito
Davide Fragnito (born 3 February 1996) is an Italian rugby union player. His usual position is as a Lock and he currently plays for Fiamme Oro in Top12.

In 2016–17 Pro12 and 2017–18 Pro14 seasons, Fragnito was named Additional Player for Zebre.

After playing for Italy Under 20 in 2015 and 2016, in 2017 and 2018 he also was named in the Emerging Italy squad.

Italy national under-20 rugby union team
The Italy national under-20 rugby union team has competed in both the IRB Junior World Championship and IRB Junior World Rugby Trophy. They were one of four teams relegated in 2009 to the Junior World Trophy after finishing at the bottom of the tournament. They were again promoted to the 2011 IRB Junior World Championship after winning the 2010 IRB Junior World Rugby Trophy.

Italy finished in last place at the 2012 IRB Junior World Championship and had again been relegated to the Junior World Trophy for 2013. Then they won the 2013 IRB Junior World Rugby Trophy so Italy participated in the 2014 IRB Junior World Championship that was played in New Zealand.

Since 2008, its first edition, they participate in the Six Nations Under 20s Championship.
Rodley, West Yorkshire
Rodley is a suburb in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough, West Yorkshire, England. The village is situated within the Calverley and Farsley ward of Leeds Metropolitan Council, just inside the Leeds Outer Ring Road, 5 miles (8.0 km) north-west from Leeds city centre and 4 miles (6.4 km) north-east from Bradford. The hamlet of Bagley borders Rodley.

Leeds Outer Ring Road
The Leeds Outer Ring Road is a main road that runs around most of the perimeter of the city of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. The ring road is approximately 29 miles (45 km) and consists of single and dual carriageways.  The road is not a loop and so is not a true ring road, although it is designated as such.

The road begins in Belle Isle and ends in Thorpe Park, Leeds at junction 46 of the M1 motorway. It begins in Belle Isle as an un-numbered road and goes through to Beeston.  It is then designated the A6110 between Beeston and Bramley, a dual carriageway, before running concurrently with the Stanningley By-Pass A647, also a dual carriageway but with grade separated junctions. For the rest of the way between Farsley and Thorpe Park the road is the A6120 and it is a mixture of single and dual carriageway.
Briese (surname)
Briese is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gaston Briese (1898–1953), German stage and film actor

Gerd Briese (1897–1957), German film actor

Naemi Briese (1908–1980), Swedish film actress

Ralf Briese (1971–2011), German politician for the Alliance '90/The Greens

Stu Briese (born 1945 or 1946), politician in Manitoba, Canada

Gerd Briese
Gerd Briese (25 December 1897 – 13 August 1957) was a German stage and film actor.

Briese's film career began in 1924, and he late worked as a stage actor and director. He was killed in a traffic accident in the Wilmersdorf district of West Berlin in 1957, aged 59.
1945 City of London by-election
The 1945 City of London by-election was held on 31 October 1945.  The by-election was held due to the elevation to hereditary peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, George Broadbridge. It was won by the Conservative candidate and sitting Chairman of the Conservative Party Ralph Assheton who had lost Rushcliffe at the general election earlier in the year.

Rushcliffe (UK Parliament constituency)
Rushcliffe is a constituency in Nottinghamshire represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 2024 by James Naish, a Labour MP.

From 1970 until 2019, it was represented by Kenneth Clarke who was Father of the House of Commons for his last two years as an MP. He was appointed to the executive in the governments of Margaret Thatcher, John Major and David Cameron – one of five ministers to serve the whole 18 years of the Thatcher and Major governments. His political career is the fifth-longest in the modern era; he remains a notable figure in British politics.
PAOK FC Sport Center
PAOK Sports Center (also known as Nea Mesimvria sports center) is the training ground and academy headquarters of Greek football club PAOK FC, located in Nea Mesimvria, Chalkidona, Thessaloniki regional unit, Greece. It is the first training center owned by the club. Before that, PAOK first team and the academies were renting several training centers in Thessaloniki. Construction on the Nea Mesimvria area began in February 2009, and was opened in September 2011 where the first coaching session took place. Since then, there have been major additions at the center, including a bigger medical centre, larger physiotherapy room, diagnostic ultrasound, hyperbaric chamber for recovery, cryotherapy room, pool and hydrotherapy room.

Chalkidona
Chalkidona (Greek: Χαλκηδόνα) is a municipality in the Thessaloniki regional unit, Greece. The seat of the municipality is Koufalia. The town is a hub for trucking traffic around the Thessaloniki area.
Liu Xin (badminton)
Liu Xin (born 11 June 1990) is a Chinese professional badminton singles player. Born in Benxi, Liaoning, her string of good performances during the 2010 and early 2011 helped her to attain the career-best ranking of 5 in April 2011. She was part of the Chinese team that won gold medals at the 2010 and 2014 World University Championships, and also at the 2014 Asian Games.

BWF Super Series Finals
The BWF Super Series Finals (named as BWF Super Series Masters Finals until 2009) was an annual badminton tournament held at the end of the year where the players with the most points from that calendar year's twelve events of the BWF Super Series competed for total prize money of at least US$ 1,000,000. It was replaced by BWF World Tour Finals in 2018.
William Nairn (army)
William Nairn (1767 – 8 June 1853) was an English-born army officer and farmer in the Swan River Colony (now Western Australia).

Born in England, Nairn was commissioned in the 46th (South Devonshire) Regiment of Foot on 12 May 1800, promoted to captain on 29 June 1809 and major on 30 August 1827. In early 1814 he was sent to Hobart Town in charge of a company. In 1818 Nairn sailed with his detachment for India.
After retiring from the army, he eventually settled in the Swan River Colony in 1833.

Nairn was the original grantee of 3,575 ha (8,830 acres), known as Grass Valley, east of Northam, Western Australia. He later acquired a further 1,327 ha (3,280 acres) on the Canning River.

Nairn's only son, William Edward Nairn became president of the Tasmanian Legislative Council. Nairn died in Fremantle on 8 June 1853, at the age of 86. Nairn Street in Fremantle is named after him.

Northam, Western Australia
Northam is a town in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, situated at the confluence of the Avon and Mortlock Rivers. It is the largest town and regional centre in the Avon Valley region of the Central Wheatbelt. It is located approximately 97 kilometres (60 miles) north east of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia. At the time of the 2021 census, Northam had a population of 6,679.
Luftflotte 3
Luftflotte 3 (Air Fleet 3) was one of the primary divisions of the German Luftwaffe in World War II.  It was formed on 1 February 1939 from Luftwaffengruppenkommando 3 in Munich and redesignated Luftwaffenkommando West (Air Command West) on 26 September 1944. This Luftwaffe detachment was based in German-occupied areas of Northern France, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Vichy France, to support the Axis power's forces in area. Its command offices were in Paris, France (on 26 June 1944).

Istres
Istres (French pronunciation: [istʁ]; Occitan: Istre) is a commune in southern France, some 60 km (38 mi) northwest of Marseille. It is in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, in the Bouches-du-Rhône department, of which it is a subprefecture.
Archdiocese of Hanoi
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Hanoi (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Hanoiensis, Vietnamese: Tổng giáo phận đô thành Hà Nội, French: Archidiocèse Metropolitain d'Hanoï) is a Catholic metropolitan archdiocese of Vietnam. It is one of the earliest in the history of the Catholic Church in Vietnam.

The creation of the diocese in present form was declared 24 November 1960. It covers an area of 7,000 km2 and has been led by Archbishop Joseph Vũ Văn Thiên since November 2018.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Nanhi
Nanhi (Urdu: ننھی, lit. 'Little One') is a 2013 Pakistani thriller drama serial directed by Haseeb Hassan aired on Geo Entertainment in 2013. The serial is written by Mona Haseeb and produced by Iqbal Ansari. Focuses on the issues of Pakistani society, such as child trafficking and education of young girls. It stars Sajal Ali, Shahood Alvi, Asma Abbas and Javaid Sheikh.

The most popular serial of that time with the highest TRP of 6.5, lifted Geo TV's perception among local and international audiences. It received nominations for all major categories at the 13th Lux Style Awards, including Best TV Play, Best TV Actress, Best TV Writer, and Best TV Director and won for Best TV Director. At 4th Pakistan Media Awards, it received two nominations that includes, Best Drama Actress for Aly and Best Supporting Actor for Sheikh.

Lux Style Award for Best TV Play
The Lux Style Award for Best TV Play is given by the Lux as part of its annual Lux Style Awards for Pakistani TV series. The recipient of the award is the producer of the play.

The award was first given in 2002, during the first ceremony of the award. Kaisi Teri Khudgarzi is the recent winner in this category.

Here is a list of the award winners and the nominees of the respective years.
1999 Generali Open – Doubles
Tom Kempers and Daniel Orsanic were the defending champions, but Kempers did not compete this year. Orsanic teamed up with Tomás Carbonell and lost in the second round to Jürgen Melzer and Alexander Peya.

Chris Haggard and Peter Nyborg won the title by defeating Álex Calatrava and Dušan Vemić 6–3, 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4) in the final.

Alexander Peya
Alexander Peya (born 27 June 1980) is an Austrian tennis coach and a former professional player. His career-high doubles ranking was World No. 3, first achieved in August 2013. He also reached a career-high singles ranking of No. 92 in April 2007. Peya won the 2018 Wimbledon mixed doubles title alongside Nicole Melichar-Martinez, defeating Jamie Murray and Victoria Azarenka in the final.
Jinshi Township, Hunan
Jinshi Township (simplified Chinese: 锦石乡; traditional Chinese: 錦石鄉; pinyin: Jǐnshí Xiāng) is a rural township in Xiangtan County, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China. As of the 2000 census it had a population of 29,896 and an area of 56.7 square kilometres (21.9 sq mi).

Xiangtan County
Xiangtan County (simplified Chinese: 湘潭县; traditional Chinese: 湘潭縣; pinyin: Xiāngtán Xiàn)  is a county in Hunan Province, China; it is under the administration of Xiangtan City. Located on the east central Hunan, the county is bordered to the north by Yuhu, Yuetang Districts and Xiangtan City, to the west by Xiangxiang City and Shuangfeng County, to the south by Hengshan and Hengdong Counties, and to the east by Zhuzhou County and Tianyuan District of Zhuzhou City. Xiangtan County covers an area of 2,132.80 km2 (823.48 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a registered population of 979,600 and a resident population of 857,200. The county has 14 towns and 3 townships under its jurisdiction, and the county seat is at Yisuhe Town (易俗河镇).
Victor Rostagno
Victor Rostagno (born (1998-12-04)4 December 1998) is an Uruguayan male artistic gymnast. He represents his nation at international competitions, including the 2016 Pan American Individual Event Artistic Gymnastics Championships. Rostagno is notable for being the first male Uruguayan gymnast to earn a medal at the Pan American Gymnastics Championships. He is also the first Uruguayan gymnast to earn a gold medal at the South American Gymnastics Championships. Both achievements were accomplished in his first year as a senior gymnast, in 2016.

South American Gymnastics Championships
The South American Gymnastics Confederation (CONSUGI) organizes South American Gymnastics Championships in different disciplines of gymnastics: men's and women's artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, trampoline and tumbling, as well as aerobic gymnastics.