hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Nemonite Invasion
The Nemonite Invasion is an exclusive to audio Doctor Who story, produced as part of BBC Books' New Series Adventures line, and the third entry in the series to be produced. Read by Catherine Tate, it is the third non-televised Doctor Who adventure to feature the companion Donna Noble.  It was released on 12 February 2009.

New Series Adventures
The New Series Adventures are a series of novels relating to the long-running BBC science fiction television series, Doctor Who. The 'NSAs', as they are often referred to, are published by BBC Books, and are regularly published twice a year. Beginning with the Tenth Doctor, a series of 'Quick Reads' have also been available, published once a year. With exception to the Quick Reads, all of the NSAs have been published in hardcover to begin with, and have been reprinted in paperback for boxed collections that are exclusive to The Book People and Tesco. Some of the reprints amend pictures of the companion of the novel from the cover. Some of the hardback editions have also been reprinted to amend pictures of Rose.
Calvin Barton
Calvin Lewis Barton (1874 – May 10, 1939) was a one-term Republican mayor of Norwalk, Connecticut. He was the son of Lewis Barton and Caroline C. Bebee. He graduated from Cornell University in 1899 in civil engineering. He married Nina Bagley on September 19, 1908

He was president of C. L. Barton, engineers, of South Norwalk. Previously he had been an engineer with various companies, including the American Bridge Company, the Phoenix Construction Company, and the McHarg-Boston Company.

South Norwalk, Connecticut
South Norwalk is a neighborhood in Norwalk, Connecticut which corresponds to the city's Second Taxing District. Often referred to as SoNo, the neighborhood was originally settled as Old Well, then chartered as the city of South Norwalk on August 18, 1870. The cities of Norwalk and South Norwalk were incorporated on June 6, 1913. South Norwalk underwent major redevelopment during the early 21st century, with many new apartments being constructed, often in close proximity to South Norwalk station, and generally more expensive than existing housing.

South Norwalk is a diverse neighborhood both from a socioeconomic and racial perspective.

The neighborhood hosts the annual SoNo Arts Festival, an event that showcases local artists, businesses, and musical acts. The annual Norwalk Oyster Festival, sponsored by the Norwalk Seaport Association, is held at Veteran's Memorial Park, across the Norwalk Harbor in East Norwalk.
Innoshima Bridge
The Innoshima Bridge (因島大橋, Innoshima Ō-hashi) is a Japanese suspension bridge, part of the 59 kilometer Nishiseto Expressway linking the islands of Honshu and Shikoku. Completed in 1983, it has a main span of 770 metres (2,526 ft) and connects Mukaishima, Hiroshima with Innoshima, Hiroshima.

Shikoku
Shikoku (四国, Shikoku; pronounced [ɕi̥ꜜ.ko.kɯ, ɕi̥.koꜜ.kɯ] ⓘ, lit. 'four provinces') is the smallest of the four main islands of Japan. It is 225 kilometres (140 miles) long and between 50 and 150 kilometres (30 and 95 miles) wide. It has a population of 3.8 million, the least populated of Japan's four main islands. It is south of Honshu and northeast of Kyushu. Shikoku's ancient names include Iyo-no-futana-shima (伊予之二名島), Iyo-shima (伊予島), and Futana-shima (二名島), and its current name refers to the four former provinces that make up the island: Awa, Tosa, Sanuki, and Iyo.
Villers-les-Pots station
Villers-les-Pots station (French: Gare de Villers-les-Pots) is a railway station in the commune of Villers-les-Pots, in the French department of Côte-d'Or, in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. It is an intermediate stop on the Dijon–Vallorbe line of SNCF.

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (French pronunciation: [buʁɡɔɲ fʁɑ̃ʃ kɔ̃te] ⓘ; lit. 'Burgundy-Free County', sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: Borgogne-Franche-Comtât) is a region in northeastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region came into existence on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections of December 2015, electing 100 members to the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region covers an area of 47,783 km2 (18,449 sq mi) and eight departments; it had a population of 2,811,423 in 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Dijon, although the regional council sits in Besançon, making Bourgogne-Franche-Comté one of two regions in France (along with Normandy) in which the prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council.
Bernard Romain
Bernard Romain  son of René Margotton(born in Roanne, on 11 February 1944) is a French painter and sculptor.

Author of the coloring of the tallest cliff of Europe in Normandy (Le Tréport) to commemorate the bicentenary of the French Revolution. He is also the author, of the Statue of Europe "Unity in Peace" of the European Commission. Since completing his art studies in Paris he has held an impressive amount of exhibitions and won various competitions and awards with land art and sometimes extreme work.

Le Tréport
Le Tréport (French pronunciation: [lə tʁepɔʁ]) is a port town in the Seine-Maritime department in Normandy, France.

The three adjoining towns of Le Tréport, Eu and Mers-les-Bains are known locally as the "Three Sisters".
Kotaro Oshio
Kotaro Oshio (押尾 コータロー, Oshio Kōtarō, real name: 押尾 光太郎) is an acoustic guitarist from Japan.  Born in Suita, Osaka, on February 1, 1968, he is best known for his work on the steel string guitar. Oshio is a part of Sony Music Japan's SME Records division. Oshio was voted the second greatest Japanese guitarist in a 2019 poll held by goo.

Steel-string acoustic guitar
The steel-string acoustic guitar is a modern form of guitar that descends from the gut-strung Romantic guitar, but is strung with steel strings for a brighter, louder sound. Like the modern classical guitar, it is often referred to simply as an acoustic guitar, or sometimes as a folk guitar.

The most common type is often called a flat top guitar, to distinguish it from the more specialized archtop guitar and other variations.

The standard tuning for an acoustic guitar is E-A-D-G-B-E (low to high), although many players, particularly fingerpickers, use alternate tunings (scordatura), such as open G (D-G-D-G-B-D), open D (D-A-D-F♯-A-D), drop D (D-A-D-G-B-E), or D-A-D-G-A-D (particularly in Irish traditional music).
Serene Lakes
Serene Lakes (also called Ice Lakes) are a pair of freshwater lakes, located in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in Northern California, about 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Lake Tahoe. Serene Lakes consists of two connected bodies of water, Lake Serena and Lake Dulzura, which together span about 77 acres (31 ha). Located in the unincorporated community of Soda Springs in Placer County, CA, the lakes are adjacent to Interstate 80 to the north and Donner Pass to the east. The Geographic Names Information System ID for Serene Lakes is 254806.

Donner Pass
Donner Pass is a 7,056-foot-high (2,151 m) mountain pass in the northern Sierra Nevada, above Donner Lake and Donner Memorial State Park about 9 miles (14 km) west of Truckee, California. Like the Sierra Nevada itself, the pass has a steep approach from the east and a gradual approach from the west.

The pass has been used by the California Trail, First transcontinental railroad, Overland Route, Lincoln Highway and Victory Highway (both later U.S. Route 40 and still later Donner Pass Road), as well as indirectly by Interstate 80. The pass gets its name from the ill-fated Donner Party who overwintered there in 1846.

Today, the area is home to a thriving recreational community with several alpine lakes and ski resorts (Donner Ski Ranch, Boreal, and Sugar Bowl). The permanent communities in the area include Kingvale and Soda Springs, as well as the larger community below the pass surrounding Donner Lake.
Pomeron
In physics, the pomeron is a Regge trajectory — a family of particles with increasing spin — postulated in 1961 to explain the slowly rising cross section of hadronic collisions at high energies. It is named after Isaak Pomeranchuk.

String (physics)
In physics, a string is a physical entity postulated in string theory and related subjects. Unlike elementary particles, which are zero-dimensional or point-like by definition, strings are one-dimensional extended entities. Researchers often have an interest in string theories because theories in which the fundamental entities are strings rather than point particles automatically have many properties that some physicists expect to hold in a fundamental theory of physics. Most notably, a theory of strings that evolve and interact according to the rules of quantum mechanics will automatically describe quantum gravity.
Khosrow-Yazdegerd
Khosrow-Yazdegerd was a 5th-century statesman in Sasanian Iran, who was active during the reign of shah Yazdegerd I (r. 399–421). He first appears in 410, when he was sent with Mihr-Shapur as the shah's representative to the Nestorian Council of Seleucia-Ctesiphon.

Khosrow-Yazdegerd is the second person known to occupy the office of wuzurg framadar (grand vizier) after Abarsam, who was active under Ardashir I (r. 224–242). He was most likely succeeded by Mihr Narseh.

Shah
Shāh (/ʃɑː/; Persian: شاه [ˈʃaːɦ] ⓘ) is a royal title meaning 'king' in Persian. Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Khanate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, and various Afghan dynasties, as well as among Gurkhas. With regard to Iranian history, in particular, each ruling monarch was not seen simply as the head of the concurrent dynasty and state, but as the successor to a long line of royalty beginning with the original Persian Empire of Cyrus the Great. To this end, he was more emphatically known as the Shāhanshāh (شاهنشاه, šāhanšāh, 'king of kings' [ˌʃaːhanˈʃaːɦ]), since the Achaemenid dynasty. A roughly equivalent title is Pādishāh (پادشاه, pādišāh, pādšāh, 'master king'), which was most widespread during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Ramana Tower
Ramana Tower (Azerbaijani: Ramana qalası) – is a historical architectural monument located in the Ramana village of the Sabunchu district in Baku. The palace has been registered as a monument of global significance by the Ministry of Culture of Azerbaijan Republic. In 2001, along with other defensive structures of the Absheron Peninsula, Ramana Fortress was included in.

Built by order of the Shirvanshahs, the palace dates back to the 14th century according to historical records. Some researchers, however, suggest that the construction of the palace may belong to the 12th century.

The internal courtyard of the palace measures 28x10 meters. Its external walls are fortified with rounded corner towers placed along the walls. The entrance to Ramana Fortress is situated within a defensive courtyard. Unlike the characteristic three-tiered shape for circular towers, the square-shaped tower of Ramana Palace is divided into four tiers.

12th century
The 12th century is the period from 1101 to 1200 in accordance with the Julian calendar.  
In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages and overlaps with what is often called the "'Golden Age' of the Cistercians". The Golden Age of Islam experienced significant development, particularly in Islamic Spain.

In Song dynasty China, an invasion by Jurchens caused a political schism of north and south. The Khmer Empire of Cambodia flourished during this century, while the Fatimids of Egypt were overtaken by the Ayyubid dynasty. Following the expansions of the Ghaznavids and Ghurid Empire, the Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent took place at the end of the century.
Pseudolus
Pseudolus is a play by the ancient Roman playwright Titus Maccius Plautus. It is one of the earliest examples of Roman literature and is a key example of the Fabulae Palliatae which are early Roman Comedies set in a Classical Greek setting.  Pseudolus was first shown in 191 BC during the Megalesian Festival, which was a celebration for the Phrygian Goddess Cybele. The temple for worship of Cybele in Rome was completed during the same year in time for the festival.

Pseudolus was written in Plautus's old age (he was probably over 60 at the time): Cicero mentions it in his book on Old Age as an example of a work written by older men. It proved to be very popular and was frequently revived. Cicero records that in his day the famous actor Roscius frequently took the part of Ballio.

Malcolm M. Willcock calls this play "Plautus' masterpiece". He adds: "For the special qualities of Plautus – vigour, wit, invention, the charm of low-class humanity – this play is supreme."

Latin literature
Latin literature includes the essays, histories, poems, plays, and other writings written in the Latin language. The beginning of formal Latin literature dates to 240 BC, when the first stage play in Latin was performed in Rome. Latin literature flourished for the next six centuries. The classical era of Latin literature can be roughly divided into several periods: early Latin literature, the golden age, the imperial period and Late Antiquity.

Latin was the language of the ancient Romans as well as being the lingua franca of Western and Central Europe throughout the Middle Ages. Latin literature features the work of Roman authors, such as Cicero, Virgil, Ovid and Horace, but also includes the work of European writers after the fall of the Empire, from religious writers like Aquinas (1225–1274) to secular writers like Francis Bacon (1561–1626), Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677), and Isaac Newton (1642–1727).
The Last Play at Shea
The Last Play at Shea is a 2010 American documentary film written by Mark Monroe, directed by Paul Crowder, produced by Steve Cohen and Nigel Sinclair, in conjunction with Billy Joel's Maritime Pictures and Spitfire Films.  The film is centered on Billy Joel's 2008 concerts of the same name that occurred at Shea Stadium. The shows were staged on July 16 and 18, 2008, before a combined 110,000 fans, and were the last performances ever to play the historic stadium before it was demolished. The film debuted at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 26, 2010. The film was released on DVD on February 8, 2011. The CD and DVD from the show were released on March 8, 2011, by Sony.

The film premiered on August 21, 2010, at Citi Field, Shea Stadium's successor, in front of around 20,000 moviegoers.  Earlier that day, Joel watched it himself, and there was an announcement from him that he liked it and said: "I haven't puked from it," which was shown right before the film's premiere.

This Is the Time (Billy Joel song)
"This Is the Time" is a song performed by Billy Joel released as the third single from his album The Bridge. The song reached No. 18 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart.
ISO 3166-2:GE
ISO 3166-2:GE is the entry for Georgia in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Georgia, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for two autonomous republics, one city and nine regions. The city Tbilisi is the capital of the country and has special status equal to the regions.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is GE, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Georgia. The second part is two letters.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
Glen Elmes
Glen Wayne Elmes (born 11 August 1955) is an Australian politician who represented Noosa in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 2006 to 2017. Elmes is a member of the Liberal National Party (LNP).

Prior to entering parliament, Elmes worked for 34 years in the commercial radio industry throughout Queensland, 22 of which were in the Sunshine Coast region. Before election, he was the general manager of Sunshine Coast stations Classic Hits 107.1; FM Noosa and Classic Hits 558 AM 4GY (Gympie). He lives in Noosaville with wife Lesleigh and their two children.

Gympie
Gympie (/ˈɡɪmpi/ GHIM-pee) is a city and a locality in the Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. Located in the Greater Sunshine Coast, Gympie is about 170.7 km (110 mi) north of the state capital, Brisbane. The city lies on the Mary River, which floods Gympie occasionally. The locality of Gympie is the central business district for the city of Gympie and also the administrative centre for the Gympie Region local government area. In the 2021 census, Gympie had an urban population of 22,424 people.

Gympie is famous for its gold field. It contains a number of historic buildings registered on the Queensland Heritage Register.
Almora Lok Sabha constituency
Almora Lok Sabha constituency is one of the five Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Uttarakhand. This constituency came into existence in 1952, following the delimitation of Lok Sabha constituencies. It comprises four districts namely Almora, Bageshwar, Champawat and Pithoragarh. Since 2009, this constituency is reserved for the Scheduled Caste candidates.

State legislative assemblies of India
The State Legislative Assembly, also known as the Vidhan Sabha or the Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in each of the states and certain union territories of India. Members of the legislative assembly are often directly elected to serve five year terms from single-member constituencies. A legislative assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the governor on request of the chief minister of the respective state or union territory, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.
Midnapore Town School
Midnapore Town School,  established in 1883,  is one of the oldest school located in Midnapore town, West Bengal, India.

The school follows the course curricula of West Bengal Board of Secondary Education (WBBSE) and West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education (WBCHSE) for Standard 10th and 12th Board examinations respectively.

West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education
The West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education (WBCHSE) is an Indian examining authority (School Educational Board), which is responsible for conducting examinations for standard XII for both government and private schools affiliated to this board. The exam is commonly known as Uccha Madhyamik Pariksha or Higher Secondary Exam (HS). It came into existence in 1975. It is responsible for improvement and promotion of education in the state. WBCHSE conducts the West Bengal Higher Secondary Examinations (Class 12) each year, for which more than 8 Lakh  students appear across the state.

First Higher Secondary examination was conducted by WBCHSE in 1978. Till then, its equivalent exam (known as 'Intermediate' degree) was conducted by University of Calcutta.
Vem vet mest?
Vem vet mest? was a Swedish game show based on the popular British show Fifteen to One. It aired on SVT2 every Monday through Friday at 7pm, with Johan Wester as host.

The game consisted of three rounds with questions, starting with eight contestants of which three reach the final round. Two of the finalists from Monday through Thursday's shows went through to the Friday Final. The winner of that final received a prize of 10 000 SEK.

The show started in August 2008 and ran until 2020. Rickard Olsson hosted from 2008 to 2017, and was replaced by Wester in 2018.

There is also a children's version, Vem vet mest junior.

Johan Wester
Johan Wester (born 19 December 1967 in Lund, Sweden) is a Swedish comedian and actor.

Together with Anders Jansson he wrote and created the comedy sketch-show Hipphipp!. He has been a contestant in the Swedish TV game show På spåret three times and ended up as winner twice, 2007/2008 and 2008/2009.

In 2010 he acted in the Swedish production of Spamalot at Nöjesteatern in Malmö.

In 2012, he became the host for Intresseklubben, a Swedish version of the British panel show QI.
Henry Stewart (archdeacon of Brecon)
Henry John Stewart (2 March 1873 – 2 May 1960) was a Welsh Anglican priest.

Stewart was born in Lampeter and educated at St David's College there. He was ordained deacon in 1896, and priest in 1897. After curacies in Llandysul and Llansamlet he held incumbencies at Llangorwen, Cockett, Sketty and Builth. He was Archdeacon of Brecon from 1941 to 1947.

University of Wales, Lampeter
University of Wales, Lampeter (Welsh: Prifysgol Cymru, Llanbedr Pont Steffan) was a university in Lampeter, Wales. Founded in 1822, and incorporated by royal charter in 1828, it was the oldest degree awarding institution in Wales, with limited degree awarding powers since 1852. It was a self-governing college of the University of Wales from 1972 until its merger  (under its 1828 charter) with Trinity University College in 2010 to form the University of Wales Trinity Saint David.

The university was founded as St David's College (Coleg Dewi Sant), becoming St David's University College (Coleg Prifysgol Dewi Sant) in 1971, when it became part of the federal University of Wales. With fewer than 2,000 students on campus, it was often claimed to be one of the smallest public universities in Europe.
Blinov Sports and Concerts Complex
Blinov Sports and Concerts Complex (Russian: Спортивно-концертный комплекс им. Виктора Блинова short form: СКК "Блинова" previous name: СКК "Иртыш") is an indoor sporting arena located in Omsk, Russia. The capacity of the arena is 5,500.  It was the home arena of the Avangard Omsk ice hockey team since 1987 till 2007. Today it is a home arena of women's volleyball club Omichka and Avangard affiliated MHL-B team Yastreby Omsk.

The construction began back in the 70s, but later was postponed and frozen for several years. The complex was finished only in 1986 and hosted the first hockey games in February 1987. Before 2001 it was called Irtysh Sports and Concert Complex subsequently changing the name to Blinov Sports and Concert Complex after Viktor Blinov, the first ice hockey Olympic champion from Omsk.

National Junior Hockey League
The National Junior Hockey League (NMHL) (formerly Junior Hockey League Division B) (Russian: Национальная молодежная хоккейная лига (НМХЛ)) is the second level of the Junior Hockey League, the KHL's junior ice hockey league. The B division was established in 2011 and the inaugural season was the 2011–12 season. A promotion and relegation system was in place between the MHL and MHL-B, where the bottom 2 teams at the end of the season of MHL were relegated to MHL-B and the 2 best MHL-B teams are promoted to MHL.

The Regions Cup is awarded to the champion of the playoffs of the league.