hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Schmidt–Newtonian telescope
A Schmidt–Newtonian telescope or Schmidt–Newton telescope  is a catadioptric telescope that combines elements from both the Schmidt camera and the Newtonian telescope. In this telescope design, a spherical primary mirror is combined with a Schmidt corrector plate, which corrects the spherical aberration and holds the secondary mirror. The resulting system has less coma and diffraction effects than a Newtonian telescope with a parabolic mirror (which is free of spherical aberration but not free of coma) and a "spider" secondary mirror support. The design uses a 45° flat secondary mirror to view the image, as in a standard Newtonian telescope.

Curved mirror
A curved mirror is a mirror with a curved reflecting surface. The surface may be either convex (bulging outward) or concave (recessed inward). Most curved mirrors have surfaces that are shaped like part of a sphere, but other shapes are sometimes used in optical devices. The most common non-spherical type are parabolic reflectors, found in optical devices such as reflecting telescopes that need to image distant objects, since spherical mirror systems, like spherical lenses, suffer from spherical aberration. Distorting mirrors are used for entertainment. They have convex and concave regions that produce deliberately distorted images. They also provide highly magnified or highly diminished (smaller) images when the object is placed at certain distances. Convex mirrors are often used for security and safety in shops and parking lots.
Smar Jbeil
Smar Jbeil (Arabic: سمار جبيل), also known as Asmar Jbeil or Samar Jbeil, is a village located in the Batroun District in the North Governorate of Lebanon. It is located on a hill facing the Mediterranean Sea at 500 m elevation. It is one of the oldest villages in Lebanon.

North Governorate
North Governorate (Arabic: الشمال, Aš Šamāl) is one of the governorates of Lebanon and one of the two governorates of North Lebanon. Its capital is Tripoli. Ramzi Nohra was the governor from May 2, 2014 until May 14, 2025 when the Ministry of Interior dismissed him.  The population of North Governorate is 731,251.
Western Quebec seismic zone
The Western Quebec Seismic Zone (French: Zone sismique de l'Ouest du Québec) is a seismically active area in the Ottawa Valley in Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec.  The zone stretches from Montreal to Témiscaming and from Cornwall up along the Laurentian Mountains.

Significant earthquakes associated with this seismic zone include the 1732 Montreal earthquake, the 1935 Timiskaming earthquake, the 1944 Cornwall–Massena earthquake, and the 2010 Central Canada earthquake.

Between the years 1980 and 2000 there were 16 earthquakes stronger than a Richter 4.0, with many more of a lesser magnitude.  The zone averages about one seismic event every five days.

Seismological monitoring of the zone is performed by the Canadian National Seismograph Network.

Témiscaming
Témiscaming (French pronunciation: [temiskamɛ̃ɡ, -miŋ]) is a city located at the south end of Lac Témiscamingue on the upper Ottawa River in the Témiscamingue Regional County Municipality of western Quebec, Canada. Also nearby is Lake Kipawa.

It is the administrative headquarters of the Algonquin Nation Wolf Lake First Nations band government.
Levy Mwanawasa
Levy Patrick Mwanawasa (3 September 1948 – 19 August 2008) was a Zambian politician who served as the third president of Zambia. He served as president from January 2002 until his death in August 2008. Mwanawasa is credited with having initiated a campaign to rid the corruption situation in Zambia during his term. Prior to Mwanawasa's election, he served as the fourth vice-president of Zambia from November 1991 to July 1994, whilst an elected Member of Parliament of Chifubu Constituency.

Patriotic Front (Zambia)
The Patriotic Front (PF) is a political party in Zambia, founded in 2001 by Michael Sata. It emerged as a breakaway party from the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) after Sata was not selected as the MMD's presidential candidate for the 2001 elections. The PF is primarily supported by the youth and the urban poor, and it gained significant political influence over time.

The party first came to power after winning the 2011 general elections, with Michael Sata winning the presidential election. After Sata's death in 2014, Edgar Lungu became the party's leader and won subsequent presidential elections in 2015 and 2016. However, in the 2021 elections, the PF lost power to the United Party for National Development (UPND) led by Hakainde Hichilema.

The PF is associated with social democracy and has been a member of the Socialist International as a consultative party. Its political position is considered centre-left.
Eldorado (poetry collection)
Eldorado is a volume of poetry by Dutch poet J. Slauerhoff. First published in 1928, the collection gathers poems that speak mostly of sailors' and pirates' lives and desires. The poems contain familiar themes for Slauerhoff: a sailor's life, the impossibility of life on land or in society, the myth of the pirate and the Flying Dutchman.

Poète maudit
A poète maudit is a poet living a life outside or against society. Insanity, crime, violence, abuse of alcohol or other drugs, and in general any societal sin, often resulting in an early death, are typical elements of the biography of a poète maudit.
Royal University of Agriculture
The Royal University of Agriculture (RUA) is a leading public agricultural university in Cambodia. It is located in Dangkao Section, southwest Phnom Penh. The university is operated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.

Animal science
Animal science is described as "studying the biology of animals that are under the control of humankind". It can also be described as the production and management of farm animals. Historically, the degree was called animal husbandry and the animals studied were livestock species, like ruminant animals such as; cattle, sheep and goat, non-ruminant such as; pigs, poultry, rabbit, snails and horses are studied. Today, courses available look at a broader area, including companion animals, like dogs and cats, and many exotic species. Degrees in Animal Science are offered at a number of colleges and universities. Animal science degrees are often offered at land-grant universities, which will often have on-campus farms to give students hands-on experience with livestock animals.
Chuck Eaton
Charles "Chuck" Eaton Jr. (born April 1, 1969) is a Judge on the Fulton County Superior Court in the Atlanta Judicial Circuit. He was appointed to the Court by Georgia Governor Brian Kemp on August 12, 2021.

Georgia Superior Courts
The Superior Court is Georgia's general jurisdiction trial court. It has exclusive, constitutional, authority over felony cases, divorce, equity and cases regarding title to land. The exclusive jurisdiction of this court also covers such matters as declaratory judgments, habeas corpus, mandamus, quo warranto and prohibition. The Superior Court corrects errors made by lower courts by issuing writs of certiorari; for some lower courts, the right to direct review by the Superior Court applies.
Jelastic
Jelastic is a cloud platform software vendor that provides multi-cloud platform as a service-based on container technology for hosting service providers, ISVs, telecommunication companies, enterprises and developers. The platform is available as public cloud in over 70 data centers, as well as virtual and on-premises servers. Jelastic provides support of Java, PHP, Ruby, Node.js, Python, Go environments, custom Docker containers and Kubernetes clusters.

Jelastic was co-founded by Ruslan Synytsky, who also was CEO. Jelastic was acquired by Virtuozzo in 2021.

GlassFish
GlassFish is an open-source Jakarta EE platform application server project started by Sun Microsystems, then sponsored by Oracle Corporation, and now living at the Eclipse Foundation and supported by OmniFish, Fujitsu and Payara. The supported version under Oracle was called Oracle GlassFish Server. GlassFish is free software and was initially dual-licensed under two free software licences: the Common Development and Distribution License (CDDL) and the GNU General Public License (GPL) with the Classpath exception. After having been transferred to Eclipse, GlassFish remained dual-licensed, but the CDDL license was replaced by the Eclipse Public License (EPL).
Out of the Black (song)
"Out of the Black" is the debut single by English rock duo Royal Blood. The song was written and recorded by the duo for their debut EP of the same name, released by Black Mammoth Records on 11 November 2013. The track later appeared as the opening track on the band's self-titled debut studio album. It was also part of the soundtrack to the film Who Am I – No System Is Safe, as well as the video games Forza Horizon 2 and EA Sports UFC, and was used in a featurette for the Netflix series Daredevil at the 2015 New York Comic Con. The song served as the official theme song for the 2016 professional wrestling event WWE Roadblock. It has been covered by Billie Marten.

EA Sports UFC
EA Sports UFC is a mixed martial arts fighting video game developed in a collaboration between EA Canada and SkyBox Labs, and published by EA Sports for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. It is based on the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) brand and was released on June 17, 2014. It is the first UFC game since THQ sold the license to Electronic Arts. A downgraded port of the game was released for mobile devices in April 2015.
Robert Wagenhoffer
Robert A. Wagenhoffer (July 5, 1960 – December 13, 1999) was an American figure skater. As a single skater, he was the 1977 Nebelhorn Trophy champion, the 1980 NHK Trophy silver medalist, the 1981 Skate America silver medalist, and a two-time U.S. national medalist. Wagenhoffer also competed in pairs with Vicki Heasley, winning silver at the 1979 NHK Trophy, bronze at the 1979 Skate America, and silver at the 1979 Nationals. He retired from amateur competition in 1982, joining the Ice Capades.

Wagenhoffer died in December 1999 from complications of AIDS.

1979 Skate America
The 1979 Skate America (officially called Norton Skate) was held in Lake Placid, New York. This was the inaugural event. It was the test event for the upcoming 1980 Winter Olympics. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.
Elstar
The Elstar apple is an apple cultivar that was first developed in the Netherlands in Elst in the 1950s by crossing Golden Delicious and Ingrid Marie apples. It quickly became popular, especially in Europe and was first introduced to America in 1972. It remains popular in Continental Europe, but less so in the United Kingdom.

The Elstar is a medium-sized apple whose skin is mostly red with yellow showing. The flesh is white and has a crispy texture. It may be used for cooking and is especially good for making apple sauce. In general, however, it is used in desserts due to its sweet flavour.

Apple sauce
Apple sauce is a purée (not necessarily served as a true sauce) made of apples.  It can be made with peeled or unpeeled apples and can be spiced or sweetened. Apple sauce is inexpensive and is widely consumed in North America and some parts of Europe.

A wide range of apple varieties are used to make apple sauce, depending on the preference for sweetness or tartness. Formerly, sour apples were usually used to make savory apple sauce.

Commercial versions of apple sauce are readily available at supermarkets and other retail stores.
Australian Health Protection Principal Committee
The Australian Health Protection Committee (AHPC) is the peak decision-making committee for public health emergency management and disease control in the Commonwealth of Australia. It is chaired by the Chief Medical Officer of the Australian Government and comprises the chief health officers of the states and territories.

The AHPC's stated function (according to website as of November 2020) is to provide advice to the Australian Health Ministers' Advisory Council (AHMAC) "on health protection matters and national priorities", and AHMAC formerly supported the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) Health Council. However, since the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, the AHPC has provided advice directly to the National Cabinet.

Medical officer of health
A medical officer of health, also known as a medical health officer, chief health officer, chief public health officer or district medical officer, is the title commonly used for the senior government official of a health department, usually at a municipal, county/district, state/province, or regional level. The post is held by a physician who serves to advise and lead a team of public health professionals such as environmental health officers and public health nurses on matters of public health importance.

The equivalent senior health official at the national level is often referred to as the chief medical officer (CMO), although the title varies across countries, for example known as the surgeon general in the United States and the chief public health officer in Canada.
Belarus women's national handball team
The Belarus women's national handball team is the national team of Belarus. It is governed by the Belarusian Handball Federation and takes part in international team handball competitions.

In light of the launching of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Handball Federation in February 2022 temporarily suspended Belarus both in competitions for national teams and on the club level. The International Handball Federation banned Belarus athletes and officials. Referees, officials, and commission members from Belarus will not be called upon for future activities.

International Handball Federation
The International Handball Federation (IHF) is the administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball. IHF is responsible for the organisation of handball's major international tournaments, notably the IHF World Men's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1938, and the IHF World Women's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1957.

IHF was founded in 1946 to oversee international competitions. Headquartered in Basel, its membership now comprises 209 national federations. Each member country must each also be a member of one of the six regional confederations: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and Caribbean, Oceania, and South and Central America. Hassan Moustafa from Egypt has been President of the IHF since 26 November 2000.
Boylston Building
The Boylston Building is an historic building at 2–22 Boylston Street in Boston, Massachusetts. The six-story sandstone building was designed by Carl Fehmer and built in 1887 by Woodbury & Leighton. It is an early instance in Boston of a skeleton-built commercial structure, rather than having load-bearing masonry walls. The building housed the Boylston Market, a wholesale trading exchange which had been on the site since 1810 (in a building designed by Charles Bulfinch).

It was designated as Boston Landmark in 1977 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Boylston Street
Boylston Street is a major east–west thoroughfare in the city of Boston, Massachusetts, and its western suburbs. The street begins in Boston's Chinatown neighborhood, forms the southern border of the Boston Public Garden and Boston Common, runs through Back Bay and Boston's Fenway neighborhood, merges into Brookline Ave and then Washington Street, emerging again contiguous with Route 9 out to where it crosses Route 128, after which it becomes Worcester Street.
Wilbert Roget II
Wilbert Roget II (born December 7, 1983) is an American composer known for his work on video game music, particularly Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Call of Duty: WWII (2017), Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris (2014), Helldivers 2 (2024), and Star Wars Outlaws (2024). His scores have won multiple awards and nominations from the Game Audio Network Guild, the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences, the BAFTA, and the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences.

Video game music
Video game music (VGM) is the soundtrack that accompanies video games. Early video game music was once limited to sounds of early sound chips, such as programmable sound generators (PSG) or FM synthesis chips. These limitations have led to the style of music known as chiptune, which became the sound of the early video games.

With technological advances, video game music has grown to include a wider range of sounds. Players can hear music in video games over a game's title screen, menus, and gameplay. Game soundtracks can also change depending on a player's actions or situation, such as indicating missed actions in rhythm games, informing the player they are in a dangerous situation, or rewarding them for specific achievements.

Video game music can be one of two kinds: original or licensed.

The popularity of video game music has created education and job opportunities, generated awards, and led video game soundtracks to be commercially sold and performed in concerts.
Listed buildings in Helsby
Helsby is a village and a civil parish in Cheshire West and Chester, England.  The A56 road passes through it in a north–south direction.  To the east is the former Helsby hill fort and to the west are the Manchester Ship Canal and the River Mersey.  Helsby contains 13 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings, all of which are at Grade II.  This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".

Cheshire West and Chester
Cheshire West and Chester is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. It was established on 1 April 2009 as part of the 2009 local government changes, by virtue of an order under the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007. It superseded the boroughs of Ellesmere Port and Neston, Vale Royal and the City of Chester. The remainder of the ceremonial county of Cheshire is composed of Cheshire East, Halton and Warrington. Cheshire West and Chester has three key urban areas: Chester, Ellesmere Port and Northwich/Winsford.

The decision to create the Cheshire West and Chester unitary authority was announced on 25 July 2007 following a consultation period, in which a proposal to create a single Cheshire unitary authority was rejected.
British Society of Animal Science
British Society of Animal Science (BSAS) is a learned society in the field of animal science, established in 1944 as the British Society of Animal Production.

Maggie Mitchell is Chief Executive of the British Society of Animal Science. Elizabeth Magowan was appointed president in March 2023.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Edith Murray
Edith Murray (? – 1969) was an American woman suspected of fatally poisoning three of her husbands and two of her children for insurance money. She was later arrested in connection to deaths in April 1922, but released due to a lack of evidence. She then died in 1969.

Poisoning
Poisoning is the harmful effect which occurs when toxic substances are introduced into the body.  The term "poisoning" is a derivative of poison, a term describing any chemical substance that may harm or kill a living organism upon ingestion. Poisoning can be brought on by swallowing, inhaling, injecting or absorbing toxins through the skin. Toxicology is the practice and study of symptoms, mechanisms, diagnoses, and treatments correlated to poisoning.
Paopi 2
Paopi 1 – Coptic calendar – Paopi 3

The second day of the Coptic month of Paopi, the second month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to September 29, of the Julian calendar, and October 12, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Akhet, the season of inundation.

Coptic calendar
The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is a liturgical calendar used by the farming populace in Egypt and used by the Coptic Orthodox and Coptic Catholic churches. It was used for fiscal purposes in Egypt until the adoption of the Gregorian calendar on 11 September 1875 (1st Thout 1592 AM). Like the Julian calendar (and unlike the international Gregorian calendar), the Coptic calendar has a leap year every four years invariably; it does not skip leap years three times every 400 years.
Dibekli, Yüksekova
Dibekli (Kurdish: Awerd, Syriac: Āwert) is a village in the Yüksekova District of Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The village had a population of 350 in 2023.

The hamlet of Odabaşı (Dedîn) is attached to the village.

Hakkâri Province
Hakkâri Province (pronounced [hacːaːɾi], Turkish: Hakkâri ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Colemêrg), is a province in the southeast of Turkey. It borders Van Province to the north, and Şırnak Province to the west. The administrative centre is the city of Hakkâri. Its area is 7,095 km2, and its population is 287,625 (2023). The current Governor is Ali Çelik. The province encompasses 8 municipalities, 140 villages and 313 hamlets. The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.

The province is a stronghold for Kurdish nationalism and a hotspot in the Kurdish–Turkish conflict.
Leobardo Curiel Preciado
Leobardo Curiel Preciado (born 18 January 1947) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). 
In the 2006 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Jalisco's 5th district during the 60th session of Congress.

5th federal electoral district of Jalisco
The 5th federal electoral district of Jalisco (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 05 de Jalisco) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 20 such districts in the state of Jalisco.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

The current member for the district, re-elected in the 2024 general election, is Bruno Blancas Mercado of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
Chirala
Chirala (pronunciationⓘ), is a city in Bapatla district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and the headquarters of Chirala mandal in Chirala revenue division. As of 2011, it had a population of above 170,000.

Chirala is the most populated city in Bapatla Lok Sabha Parliamentary Constituency.

Bapatla district
Bapatla district is a district in coastal Andhra in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh (AP) established on 4 April 2022. The administrative headquarters are in Bapatla. It has an Indian Air Force station and several universities.