hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Queenstown Massacre
On 17 November 1985, 2000 residents from Mlungisi township in Queenstown, Eastern Cape, gathered in Nonzwakazi Methodist Church to hear back from the Local Residents Association, who, in early November, had met with the Department of Education and Training, the Queenstown municipality, the Eastern Cape Development Board, and the Queenstown Chamber of Commerce to discuss the end of the consumer boycott. The meeting was short-lived as members of the Queenstown branch of the South African Police stormed into the meeting and opened fire on the residents. In the ensuing conflict between police and residents, 14 people were shot dead and 22 were injured. This incident is known as the 1985 Queenstown Massacre.

United Democratic Front (South Africa)
The United Democratic Front (UDF) was a South African popular front that existed from 1983 to 1991. The UDF comprised more than 400 public organizations including trade unions, students' unions, women's and parachurch organizations. The UDF's goal was to establish a "non-racial, united South Africa in which segregation is abolished and in which society is freed from institutional and systematic racism." Its slogan was "UDF Unites, Apartheid Divides." The Front was established in 1983 to oppose the introduction of the Tricameral Parliament by the white-dominated National Party government, and dissolved in 1991 during the early stages of the transition to democracy.
Hoogeveen railway station
Hoogeveen is a railway station located in Hoogeveen, Netherlands. The station was opened on 1 May 1870 and is located on the Meppel–Groningen railway. Train services are operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen.

Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen ([ˈneːdərlɑntsə ˈspoːrˌʋeːɣə(n)] ⓘ, lit. 'Dutch Railways', NS [ɛnˈɛs] ⓘ) is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands. It is a Dutch state-owned company founded in 1938.

The rail infrastructure is maintained by network manager ProRail, which was split off from NS in 2003. Freight operator NS Cargo merged with DB Cargo in 2000. NS runs 4,800 scheduled domestic trains a day, serving 1.1 million passengers. The NS also provides international rail services from the Netherlands to other European destinations and carries out concessions on some foreign rail markets through its subsidiary Abellio.
Shi Xiu
Shi Xiu is a fictional character in Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels in Chinese literature. Nicknamed "Daredevil Third Brother", he ranks 33rd among the 36 Heavenly Spirits, the first third of the 108 Stars of Destiny.

Chinese literature
The history of Chinese literature extends thousands of years, and begins with the earliest recorded inscriptions, court archives, building to the major works of philosophy and history written during the Axial Age. The Han (202 BC – 220 AD) and Tang (618–907 AD) dynasties were considered golden ages of poetry, while the Song (960–1279) and Yuan (1271–1368) were notable for their lyrics (ci), essays, dramas, and plays. During the Ming and Qing, mature novels were written in written vernacular Chinese, an evolution from the preeminence of Literary Chinese patterned off the language of the Chinese classics. The introduction of widespread woodblock printing during the Tang and the invention of movable type printing by Bi Sheng (990–1051) during the Song rapidly spread written knowledge throughout China. Around the turn of the 20th century, the author Lu Xun (1881–1936) is considered an influential voice of vernacular Chinese literature.
Shōrin-ryū
Shōrin-ryū (少林流) is one of the major modern Okinawan martial arts and is one of the two styles of karate as mentioned in the 'Ten Precepts' of Ankō Itosu. Shorin-ryu diverged into many styles and it became an umbrella term to encompass all of the schools derived from it.

At that time not all karate schools had a name. However it is quite common to refer to Choshin Chibana’s school as Shōrin-ryū, following the name he adopted in 1933; which is also known as Kobayashi-ryū to make a distinction from other 'Shōrin-ryū' schools.

The characters 少林, meaning "sparse" or "scanty" and "forest" respectively and pronounced "shōrin" in Japanese, are also used in the Chinese and Japanese words for Shaolin. "Ryū" means "school".  Shōrin-ryū combines elements of the traditional Okinawan fighting styles of Shuri-te.

Shaolin kung fu
Shaolin kung fu (Chinese: 少林功夫; pinyin: Shàolín gōngfū), also called Shaolin Wushu (少林武術; Shǎolín wǔshù), or Shaolin quan (少林拳; Shàolínquán), is the largest and most famous style of kung fu. It combines Mahayana Buddhist, Chan philosophy and martial arts. 
It was developed in the Shaolin Temple in Henan, China during its 1500-year history. In Chinese folklore there is a saying, "Shaolin kung fu is the best under heaven", which indicates its superiority among martial arts, and "All martial arts under heaven originated from Shaolin", which indicates its influence on other martial arts. The name Shaolin is also used as a brand for the external styles of kung fu. Many styles in southern and northern China use the name Shaolin.
Nevada's congressional delegations
These are tables of congressional delegations from Nevada to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Nevada's current U.S. senators are Democrats Catherine Cortez Masto (serving since 2017) and Jacky Rosen (serving since 2019). Nevada has been allotted 4 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives since the 2010 census; currently, 3 of the seats are held by Democrats, and the last seat is held by a Republican.

The current dean of the Nevada delegation is Representative Mark Amodei (NV-2), having served in the House since 2011.

Jacky Rosen
Jacklyn Sheryl  Rosen (née Spektor; born August 2, 1957) is an American politician serving as the junior United States senator from Nevada since 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, she was the U.S. representative for Nevada's 3rd congressional district from 2017 to 2019.

Rosen was elected to the Senate in 2018, defeating Republican incumbent Dean Heller with 50.4% of the vote. Rosen was reelected in 2024, defeating Republican nominee Sam Brown.
Yong-gi
Yong-gi, also spelled Yong-ki, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

David Yonggi Cho (born 1936), South Korean Christian minister

Oh Young-ki (born 1965), South Korean former handball player

Kim Yong-Gi (footballer) (born 1989), South Korean footballer

Kim Yong-ki (1908–1988), South Korean agrarian activist

Lee Yong-Gi (born 1985), South Korean footballer

Ryang Yong-Gi (born 1982), Zainichi Korean footballer

Oh Young-ki
Oh Young-Ki  (born November 11, 1965) is a male South Korean former handball player who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics.

In 1988 he won the silver medal with the South Korean team. He played all six matches and scored two goals.
American Anti-Slavery Almanac
The American Anti-Slavery Almanac was an abolitionist publication published yearly from 1836 to 1843 by the American Anti-Slavery Society, as one of the society's efforts to raise awareness of the realities of slavery in nineteenth-century America. The yearly almanac compiled calendars and astronomical data with anti-slavery literature, art, and advertisements in a small, neat pamphlet. The 1843 edition included works from authors such as William Lloyd Garrison and Thomas Moore, as well as accounts of recent slave rebellions and quotes from political speeches supporting the abolition of slavery. The almanac did not call for uprising or violence, but rather served as a means to spread the word about the anti-slavery cause.

Isaac Knapp
Isaac Knapp (January 11, 1804 – September 14, 1843) was an American abolitionist printer, publisher, and bookseller in Boston, Massachusetts. He is remembered primarily for his collaboration with William Lloyd Garrison in printing and publishing The Liberator newspaper.
Golra Hashim
Golra Hashim Urdu pronunciation: [golrɑːhɑːshim] ⓘis a small village in Kharian Tehsil, Gujrat District in Punjab province, Pakistan. Its nearby villages are Bhagwal, Kotla Haji Shah, Jhantla, Shorian, Chak Bakhtawar, Chak Budho, and Malka. It is situated at 32° 50' 17N 73° 56' 56E. It is part of Union council  Bhagwal.

Gujrat District
Gujrat (Punjabi, Urdu: ضلع گجرات) is a district of Gujrat Division in the Pakistani province of Punjab. The Gujrat District was created by the British Government in 1846. According to the 2023 Pakistani census, the population of the Gujrat District is 3,219,375.
Contraception, Sterilisation, and Abortion (Safe Areas) Amendment Act 2022
The Contraception, Sterilisation, and Abortion (Safe Areas) Amendment Act 2022 is an  Act of Parliament in New Zealand that provides a regulation-making power to set up safe areas around specific abortion facilities on a case-by-case basis. The Bill passed its third reading on 16 March 2022 and received royal assent on 18 March.

Vanushi Walters
Vanushi Sitanjali Walters (née Rajanayagam; born August 1981) is a New Zealand lawyer and politician who served as Member of Parliament in the House of Representatives for the Labour Party representing the Upper Harbour electorate from 2020 to 2023. She returned to Parliament as a Labour list MP in May 2025, following the resignation of David Parker.
Walter Bird (cricketer)
Walter Bird (22 July 1845 – 27 July 1921) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket in 1880. He was born at Crouch Hall, Hornsey, Middlesex.

Bird made one first-class appearance for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against Hampshire in 1880 at Day's Ground, Southampton. In the match, which 	Hampshire won by an innings and 38 runs, Bird was dismissed for 13 runs by Frederick Blundell in the MCC first-innings, while in their second-innings he was dismissed by Frederick Jellicoe for a duck.

He died at Upperton, Sussex on 27 July 1921. His brother George, and nephews' Austin and Morice were all first-class cricketers, with Morice playing Test cricket for England.

Hornsey
Hornsey (/ˈhɔːrnzi/) is a district of north London, England, in the London Borough of Haringey. It is an inner-suburban, for the most part residential, area centred 10 km (6.2 mi) north of Charing Cross. It adjoins green spaces Queen's Wood to the west and Alexandra Park to the north, and lies in the valley of the now-culverted River Moselle. The central core of the area is known as Hornsey Village.
2011 Farmers Classic
The 2011 Farmers Classic, presented by Mercedes-Benz, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Los Angeles. It was the 85th edition of the Los Angeles Open, and was part of the Olympus US Open Series of the 2011 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Los Angeles Tennis Center on the campus of UCLA, from July 25 through July 31, 2011, with total player compensation in excess of $1 million. The events were televised by ESPN2 and the Tennis Channel. Following the tournament, a Coldplay concert was held on August 3 and broadcast a portion on ABC's Jimmy Kimmel Live!.

Juan Martín del Potro, who won the 2008 Countrywide Classic and 2009 US Open was one of the first players signed on to play in the tournament. The Argentinean reached a career high of No. 4 in 2010.

Unseeded Ernests Gulbis won the singles title and the accompanying first-prize money of $113,000.

2011 US Open Series
In tennis, the eighth edition of the US Open Series (known as Olympus US Open Series for sponsorships reasons), includes ten hard court tournaments that start on July 18, 2011 in Atlanta and will end in Winston-Salem for the men and in New Haven for the women on August 28, 2011. This edition has scheduled five separate men's tournaments, four women's tournaments, and the Western & Southern Open that will host both a men's and women's event. The series includes two ATP World Tour Masters 1000 and two WTA Premier 5 events to headline the series.
Mesilla Valley AVA
Mesilla Valley is an American Viticultural Area  (AVA) located  in the Mesilla Valley landform that extends along the Rio Grande River encompassing an area from the vicinity north of Las Cruces, New Mexico within Dona Ana County on a 50-mile (80 km) north–south axis toward the Mexican border, across the state border to El Paso County, Texas and the vicinity of El Paso. It was established as the nation's 76th, and the initial appellation in New Mexico and Texas, on February 14, 1985, by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by Mr. George Newman, President of the Las Cruces Chapter of the New Mexico Wine and Vine Society, proposing a viticultural area located in New Mexico and Texas named "Mesilla Valley."  
Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel and Syrah are the most important grape varieties planted there.  The plant hardiness zones are 8a and 8b. The climate in the Mesilla Valley is dry and hot.

Landform
A landform is a land feature on the solid surface of the Earth or other planetary body. They may be natural or may be anthropogenic (caused or influenced by human activity). Landforms together make up a given terrain, and their arrangement in the landscape is known as topography. Landforms include hills, mountains, canyons, and valleys, as well as shoreline features such as bays, peninsulas, and seas, including submerged features such as mid-ocean ridges, volcanoes, and the great oceanic basins.
Anita Ramos Camba
Anita Ramos-Camba (born April 13, 1979) is a Filipina film and television reporter, director, and producer. She has produced several TV shows for Net 25 such as Tribe and the celebrity talk show Moments.

DZCE-TV
DZCE-TV (channel 48) is a television station in Metro Manila, Philippines, serving as the flagship of the INCTV network. Owned and operated by Christian Era Broadcasting Service International, a broadcast ministry of the Iglesia ni Cristo (an independent Philippine Christian church), the station maintains studio and hybrid analog and digital transmitting facilities located at Milton Hills Subdivision, Redeemer St., Brgy. New Era, Quezon City.
Brooklyn Aces
The Brooklyn Aces are a defunct minor professional ice hockey team that played the 2008-09 season in the Eastern Professional Hockey League. They played their home games at the 2,500 seat Aviator Arena.

On June 17, 2008 the Brooklyn Aces announced Chris Firriolo as the team's first head coach.

Aviator Sports and Events Center
Aviator Sports and Events Center is a sports and events center in Floyd Bennett Field, Brooklyn, New York City. Operating as a concessionaire of the National Park Service (NPS), Aviator has refurbished four historic aircraft hangars and the surrounding grounds in partnership with the NPS. The area includes 175,000 square feet (16,300 m2) of indoor sports and event space along with adjoining outdoor turf fields and free parking for 2,000 cars. Aviator provides a variety of sports and league play, including basketball, football, gymnastics, ice hockey, ice skating, lacrosse, soccer, and volleyball. Parties, field trips, camps, and birthday celebrations are held at the facility.

The NPS and Aviator formed a partnership in 2003, and the facility opened in 2006. By combining several of Floyd Bennett Field's hangars, they created one of the largest sports complexes in the country and the largest in New York.
Trams in Zagreb
The Zagreb tram network, run by the Zagreb Electric Tram (ZET), consists of 15 day and 4 night lines in Zagreb, Croatia. Trams operate on 116.3 kilometres (72.3 mi) of metre gauge route. During the day, every line runs on average every 5–10 minutes, and almost every station serves at least two routes. Nighttime lines have exact timetables averaging at about every 40 minutes. The first horsecar tram line was opened in 1891, and the first electric one in 1910.

Network length (transport)
In transport terminology, network length (or, less often, system length) refers to the total length of a transport network, and commonly also refers to the length of any fixed infrastructure associated with the network.

A measurement can be made of the network length of various different modes of transport, including rail, bus, road and air.  The measurement may focus on one of a number of specific characteristics, such as route length, line length or track length.
Forensic Files season 11
Forensic Files is an American documentary-style series which reveals how forensic science is used to solve violent crimes, mysterious accidents, and even outbreaks of illness. The series was broadcast on Court TV, narrated by Peter Thomas, and produced by Medstar Television, in association with Court TV Original Productions. It has broadcast 406 episodes since its debut on TLC in 1996 as Medical Detectives.

TLC (TV network)
TLC is an American premium multinational cable and satellite television network owned by the Networks division of Warner Bros. Discovery. First established in 1980 as The Learning Channel, it initially focused on educational and instructional programming. By the late 1990s, after an acquisition by Discovery, Inc. earlier in the decade, the network began to pivot towards reality television programming—predominantly focusing on programming involving lifestyles and personal stories—to the point that the previous name with "The Learning Channel" spelled out was phased out in favor of its initialism.

As of November 2023, with its programming primarily dedicated to the nine-series 90 Day Fiancé universe, comprising 31% of the shows carried by the channel, TLC is available to approximately 71,000,000 pay television households in the United States—down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.
Trolls Bottom
Trolls Bottom is a play-by-mail (PBM) role-playing wargame. It was published by Project Basilisk in the United Kingdom shortly after the company began in 1986 and spread to multiple countries globally over the following year. Up to 70 players per game roleplayed trolls on a volcanic island called Trolls Bottom struggling to win by being the last survivor. Players had various possible actions that affected four character traits. Besides other players, vulture companions and non-player characters populated the island. Orders were written in the style of It's a Crime with turn results written in a comedic style. The game received generally positive reviews in gaming magazines of the late 1980s and was listed No. 1 in Flagship's role-playing wargame category in its Autumn 1987 issue.

Non-player character
A non-player character  (NPC) is a character in a game that is not controlled by a player. The term originated in traditional tabletop role-playing games where it applies to characters controlled by the gamemaster, or referee, rather than by another player. In video games, this usually means a computer-controlled character that has a predetermined set of behaviors that potentially will impact gameplay, but will not necessarily be the product of true artificial intelligence.
Witch Hunt (South Korean talk show)
Witch Hunt (Korean: 마녀사냥) is a 2013 South Korean variety talk show starring Shin Dong-yup, Sung Si-kyung, Heo Ji-woong, Yoo Se-yoon that first aired on August 2, 2013. It airs on JTBC every Friday at 23:00. This show ended on December 28, 2015.

Shin Dong-yup (comedian)
Shin Dong-yup (Korean: 신동엽; born February 17, 1971) is a South Korean comedian and television comedy show host. He graduated from the Seoul Institute of the Arts. He became popular after appearing in SBS's variety program Happy Saturday and MBC's sitcom Guys n Girls.
Williams Pinball Controller
The Williams Pinball Controller (WPC) is an arcade system board platform used for several pinball games designed by Williams and Midway (under the Bally name) between 1990 and early 1999. It is the successor to their earlier System 11 hardware (High Speed, Pin*Bot, Black Knight 2000). It was succeeded by Williams/Midway's Pinball 2000 platform, before Williams left the pinball business in October 1999.

The WPC System was designed by Chuck Bleich, with its operating system, dubbed APPLE, developed by Larry DeMar.

FunHouse (designed by Pat Lawlor) was the first production game to use WPC, although there are prototype Dr. Dude machines that use WPC.

World Cup Soccer (pinball)
World Cup Soccer is a 1994 pinball machine designed by John Popadiuk and Larry DeMar and released by Midway Games. It is based on the 1994 FIFA World Cup, with gameplay mechanics largely centered around the sport. A digital version of the game is available in Pinball FX and its variants.
Bhushangad
Bhushangad is a hill fort in the Khatav taluk of the Satara district of Maharashtra, India. It is oval in shape, and rises 600 feet (180 m) above the surrounding plain. Its top is flat, and measures to be about 300 square yards (250 m2) in area.

The origins of the fort are unclear. Local legend attributes construction of the fort to King Singhana of Devagiri (1210–1246). Construction has also been attributed to Shivaji I in 1676, as part of a fortification of the area that included the nearby Vardhangad Fort, Sadashivgad and Machindragad.

The fort is home to the only temple of Haranaidevi (an incarnation of Durga), who is revered by the Kulkarnis clan. There is also a temple dedicated to Maruti.

Kulkarni
Kulkarni  is a surname. The name "Kulkarni" is a combination of two words (kula and karni). Kula means "family", and Karanika means "archivist". Historically, Kulkarni was the title given to the village record keeper.

As per the historian P.J. Marshall, both Kulkarni and Deshpande were specialized scribes who "served great households and enhanced other, familiar, administrative mechanisms at their disposal".
Keith Otterbein
Keith Edward Otterbein (born May 19, 1957) is an American former college football coach. He served as the head football coach at Ferris State University in Big Rapids, Michigan from 1986 to 1994 and Hillsdale College in Hillsdale, Michigan from 2002 to 2023. Otterbein played at Hillsdale as a linebacker.

Hillsdale, Michigan
Hillsdale is the largest city in Hillsdale County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The population was 8,036 at the 2020 census. It is the home of Hillsdale College, a private liberal arts college.
Oladokun
Oladokun audioⓘis a Yoruba surname from Nigeria, meaning "Wealth has become like the ocean". It is derived from the components ọlá (wealth), dì (become), and òkun (ocean)

Notable people with the name include:

Chris Oladokun (born 1997), American football player

Jordan Oladokun (born 2002), American football player

Joy Oladokun, singer, songwriter and folk musician

Victor Oladokun, British Nigerian journalist

Chris Oladokun
Chris Oladokun [listenⓘ] (born September 3, 1997) is an American professional football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the South Florida Bulls, Samford Bulldogs, and South Dakota State Jackrabbits before being selected by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the seventh round of the 2022 NFL draft.
Hestina
Hestina is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae subfamily Apaturinae. The genus is found in the East Palearctic and Southeast Asia.

Known larval food plants are Celtis and, for one species, Trema (Ulmaceae). These include Celtis boninensis Japan, Celtis formosana Taiwan, Celtis nervosa Taiwan, Celtis jessoensis, Celtis sinensis, Trema orientalis. Hestina nama larvae feed on Oreocnide (Urticaceae).

Trema orientale
Trema orientale (sometimes Trema orientalis) is a species of flowering tree in the hemp family, Cannabaceae. It is known by many common names, including charcoal-tree, Indian charcoal-tree, pigeon wood, Oriental trema, and in Hawaii, where it has become naturalized, gunpowder tree, or nalita. It has a near universal distribution in tropical and warm temperate parts of the Old World, with a range extending from South Africa, through the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent and southern China  to Southeast Asia and Australia.