hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Γ-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
γ-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) is an endogenous peptide hormone and neuropeptide. It is a melanocortin, specifically, one of the three types of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), and is produced from proopiomelanocortin (POMC). It is an agonist of the MC1, MC3, MC4, and MC5 receptors. It exists in three forms, γ1-MSH, γ2-MSH, and γ3-MSH.

γ-MSH regulated cardiovascular functions. γ-MSH effects are measured through the effects it has on the central neural pathway dispersed throughout the kidney. It is not moderated based on tubular sodium transport. Gamma-MSH activates MC3R in renal tubular cells by limiting sodium absorption by inhibiting the central neural pathway.  This regulates sodium balance and blood pressure. If MC3R is absent then there is resistance in γ-MSH which results in hypertension on HSD.

Endogeny (biology)
Endogeny, in biology, refers to the property of originating or developing from within an organism, tissue, or cell.

For example, endogenous substances, and endogenous processes are those that originate within a living system (e.g. an organism or a cell). For instance, estradiol is an endogenous estrogen hormone produced within the body, whereas ethinylestradiol is an exogenous synthetic estrogen, commonly used in birth control pills.

In contrast, exogenous substances and exogenous processes are those that originate from outside of an organism.
Chemex Coffeemaker
The Chemex Coffeemaker is a manual pour-over style glass coffeemaker, invented by Peter Schlumbohm in 1941, manufactured by the Chemex Corporation in Chicopee, Massachusetts.

In 1958, designers at the Illinois Institute of Technology selected the Chemex Coffeemaker as "one of the best-designed products of modern times." It is included in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.  It has been featured in the novel From Russia with Love, in a scene where James Bond eats breakfast, the film Harper starring Paul Newman, The Mary Tyler Moore Show, and Ira Levin's Rosemary's Baby, as well as its film adaptation.

Illinois Institute of Technology
The Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech or IIT) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Tracing its history to 1890, the present name was adopted upon the merger of the Armour Institute and Lewis Institute in 1940. The university has programs in architecture, business, communications, design, engineering, industrial technology, information technology, law, psychology, and science. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

The university's historic roots are in several 19th-century engineering and professional education institutions in the United States. In the mid 20th century, it became closely associated with trends in modernist architecture through the work of its Dean of Architecture Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who designed its campus. The Institute of Design, Chicago-Kent College of Law, and Midwest College of Engineering were also merged into Illinois Tech.
Judo at the 1986 Asian Games
The Judo competition at the 1986 Asian Games was held at Saemaul Sports Hall from 1 to 4 October 1986 and contested in eight weight classes, for only men. This was the first competition of Judo for Asian Games.

The host nation South Korea dominated the competition winning six out of eight possible gold medals.

Saemaul Sports Hall
Saemaul Sports Hall (Korean: 새마을운동본부 연수원) is an indoor arena located in Seoul, South Korea. Built from June 1984 to June 1986, it hosted the volleyball preliminaries for the 1988 Summer Olympics. At the Asian Games two years earlier, the hall hosted the judo competitions.
Byszewy
Byszewy [bɨˈʂɛvɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowosolna, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Łódź East County
Łódź East County (Polish: powiat łódzki wschodni) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Łódź, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county consists of areas to the east and south of the city, and contains three towns: Koluszki, which lies 24 km (15 mi) east of Łódź, Tuszyn, 20 km (12 mi) south of Łódź, and Rzgów, 14 km (9 mi) south of Łódź.

The county covers an area of 499.32 square kilometres (192.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,574, out of which the population of Koluszki is 13,407, that of Tuszyn is 7,178, that of Rzgów is 3,338, and the rural population is 40,651.

Until 2002 the county also included the areas which now form Brzeziny County.
William Rees (archdeacon of St Asaph)
William Hugh Rees was Archdeacon of St Asaph in Wales from 1970 to 1974.

He was born in 1905 and educated at St David's College, Lampeter, and Westcott House, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1929 and began his career with curacies at Carmarthen and Uzmaston. After this, he was Bishop's Messenger for the Diocese of St Davids from 1935 to 1939. He held incumbencies at St Mary Haverfordwest and St Paul, Colwyn Bay. He was Rural Dean of Rhos from 1960 to 1970, when he became Archdeacon of the surrounding area. He retired in 1974.

St Paul's Church, Colwyn Bay
St Paul's Church, Colwyn Bay is an active Anglican parish church in the town of Colwyn Bay, Wales. It is located in the Mission Area of Aled in the archdeaconry of St Asaph, and the Diocese of St Asaph. The church is designated by Cadw as a Grade II* listed building.
Hal Murphy
Harold Aloysius Murphy (July 6, 1927 – October 11, 1976) was a Canadian ice hockey goaltender. He played one game in the National Hockey League with the Montreal Canadiens during the 1952–53 season. Loaned from the minor league Montreal Royals of the Quebec Senior Hockey League, Murphy replaced the Canadiens regular goalie Gerry McNeil on November 8, 1952, against the Chicago Black Hawks. He helped the Canadiens win the game, 6–4.

Royal Montreal Hockey Club
The Royal Montreal Hockey Club, also known as the Montreal Royals, was a Canadian amateur ice hockey club formed in Montreal, Quebec, in 1932. It operated various teams in men's junior and senior leagues until 1961. The senior team of the club won the Allan Cup men's championship in 1939 and 1947, and the junior team of 1949 won the Memorial Cup junior men's Canadian championship.
Elephantosaurus
Elephantosaurus is an extinct genus of dicynodont from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) Bukobay Formation. The holotype and only known specimen, catalogued as PIN 525/25, is a fragment of the skull that includes portions of the left interorbital region and nasal bones, and suggests a very large animal with a skull at least 30 centimetres (12 in) wide (although it may have been smaller than Stahleckeria). The bones of the skull roof are also unusually thick. While usually considered a member of the Stahleckeriidae, generally due to its size, it probably falls just outside the group due to its frontal bone contributing substantially to the margin of the eye socket.

Interorbital region
The interorbital region of the skull is located between the eyes, anterior to the braincase. The form of the interorbital region may exhibit significant variation between taxonomic groups.

In oryzomyine rodents, for example, the width, form, and presence of beading in the interorbital region vary among species. In birds and many other animals whose eyes are set on the side of the skull, the interorbital region normally consists of a thin interorbital septum only. This may be pierced by a hole of larger or smaller size, connecting the eye sockets.
Eastern Bengali dialects
Eastern Bengali, Baṅgālī Bengali (Bengali: বঙ্গালী, romanized: bôṅgalī) or Vaṅga Bengali (Bengali: বঙ্গ, romanized: bôṅgô) is a set of vernacular dialects of Bengali, spoken in most of Bangladesh and Tripura, thus covering majority of the land of Bengal and surrounding areas.

Implosive consonant
Implosive consonants are a group of stop consonants (and possibly also some affricates) with a mixed glottalic ingressive and pulmonic egressive airstream mechanism. That is, the airstream is controlled by moving the glottis downward in addition to expelling air from the lungs. Therefore, unlike the purely glottalic ejective consonants, implosives can be modified by phonation. Contrastive implosives are found in approximately 13% of the world's languages.

In the International Phonetic Alphabet, implosives are indicated by modifying the top of a letter (voiced stop) with a rightward-facing hook: bilabial ⟨ɓ⟩, alveolar ⟨ɗ ⟩, retroflex ⟨ᶑ ⟩ (this letter is 'implicit' in the IPA), palatal ⟨ ʄ ⟩, velar ⟨ɠ ⟩ and uvular ⟨ʛ ⟩.
Days Go By (The Offspring song)
"Days Go By" is a song by the American punk rock band the Offspring, featured as the third track on the band's ninth studio album of the same name and was released as its first single. The song was premiered on the Los Angeles, California rock station KROQ on April 27, 2012. "Days Go By" was released to radio on May 1, 2012; the song was written by frontman Dexter Holland. It peaked at No. 2 on the US  Mainstream Rock chart.

KROQ-FM
KROQ-FM (106.7 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Pasadena, California, serving Greater Los Angeles. Owned by Audacy, Inc., it broadcasts an alternative rock format known as "The World Famous KROQ" (pronounced "kay-rock"). Its current weekday lineup includes Klein.Ally.Show. in the mornings, middays with Doug "Sluggo" Roberts, afternoon drive with Kevin Ryder, and evenings with Megan Holiday.

The station has studios at the intersection of Wilshire Blvd. and Hauser Blvd. in the Miracle Mile neighborhood of Los Angeles. The transmitter is based in the Verdugo Mountains. It was the flagship station of Kevin & Bean and Loveline which was originally hosted by Jim "The Poorman" Trenton with Dr. Drew Pinsky.
Blízkov
Blízkov is a municipality and village in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Blízkov lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) south of Žďár nad Sázavou, 24 km (15 mi) east of Jihlava, and 132 km (82 mi) south-east of Prague.

Vysočina Region
The Vysočina Region (IPA: [ˈvɪsotʃɪna]; Czech: Kraj Vysočina) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Jihlava.

The region is located in the central part of the country. It is one of just three in the country (the others being Prague and the Central Bohemian Region) which does not have a border with a foreign country.

The Vysočina Region is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the most in any region in the Czech Republic.
Eight Step Rail
Eight Step Rail is the debut EP by Australian rock band The Superjesus. The EP was released in May 1996.

The track "I'm Stained" was later re-recorded for their debut album, Sumo.  A re-recorded version of "Shut My Eyes" was also later included as a hidden track on Sumo.

The big guitar sounds are yet another use of the infamous Sansamp from Tech 21. After the engineer (Mick Wordley of Mixmasters Studios in Adelaide, Australia) spent a day trying to get a big sound out of Marshall stacks, he could not go past the sound the band had achieved by direct injecting a Sansamp into their Fostex recorder.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 1997, the EP won two ARIA Awards, "Best New Talent" and "Breakthrough Artist – Single".

1997 ARIA Music Awards
The 11th Annual Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as the ARIA Music Awards) were held on 22 September 1997 at the Capitol Theatre in Sydney. The event was hosted by Australian actor–comedian Paul McDermott, with presenters Elle McFeast, Kylie Minogue, Ben Folds, Colin Buchanan, the Presidents of the United States of America and others. Savage Garden dominated this year, receiving a record ten awards including Album of the Year for Savage Garden, Single of the Year for "Truly Madly Deeply", Best Group and seven other trophies.

In addition to the annually presented awards, a Special Achievement Award was given to Charles Fisher and an Outstanding Achievement Award was received by Peter André. The ARIA Hall of Fame inducted: the Bee Gees, Graeme Bell and Paul Kelly.
Queísmo
Queísmo is a phenomenon in Spanish grammar, the omission of a preposition, usually de, which, in Standard Spanish, would precede the conjunction (or complementizer) que. For example, "No me di cuenta que habías venido" ("I didn't realize you had come"), compared to the standard "No me di cuenta de que habías venido". Queísmo is frowned upon by prescriptive grammar.

Although the omitted preposition is typically de, other prepositions occasionally are also subject to omission by queísmo: "Insisto que te vayas" ("I insist that you go"); compare standard "Insisto en que te vayas".

Queísmo may be, in some cases, a hypercorrective reaction to dequeísmo: the insertion of de before que where it would not appear in standard Spanish, which is considered a much more serious and socially stigmatized mistake, but which is nevertheless widespread in both Peninsular and American Spanish.

Standard Spanish
Standard Spanish, also called the norma culta, 'cultivated norm', refers to the standard, or codified, variety of the Spanish language, which most writing and formal speech in Spanish tends to reflect. This standard, like other standard languages, tends to reflect the norms of upper-class, educated speech.
There is variation within this standard such that one may speak of the Mexican, Latin American, Peninsular (or European), and Rioplatense standards, in addition to the standard forms developed by international organizations and multinational companies.
Julia Moon
Julia H. Moon also known as Hoon Sook Moon (born Hoon Sook Pak, January 1, 1963) is the General Director of Universal Ballet in South Korea, and daughter-in-law of Sun Myung Moon, founder of the ballet company. She was the prima ballerina of the company.

Ballet dancer
A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers are at a high risk of injury due to the demanding technique of ballet.
Martinice (Kroměříž District)
Martinice is a municipality and village in Kroměříž District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants.

Martinice lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) east of Kroměříž, 10 km (6 mi) north-west of Zlín, and 245 km (152 mi) east of Prague.

Kroměříž
Kroměříž (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkromɲɛr̝iːʃ] ⓘ; German: Kremsier) is a town in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 28,000 inhabitants. It is known for Kroměříž Castle with its castle gardens, which are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The historic town centre with the castle complex is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Oppo A31 (2020)
The Oppo A31 (2020) is a budget smartphone that was manufactured by Oppo Electronics, announced on February 13, 2020. In China, the Oppo A8 was releleased in December 2019, along with the Oppo A91.

The A31 (2020) was available at CPH2015, CPH2073, CPH2081, CPH2029, and CPH2031 variants, while the A8 was only available at PDBM00 variant.

Oppo
OPPO Electronics Corporation or Oppo (stylized as OPPO or oppo) is a private Chinese consumer electronics manufacturer and technology company headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong.

Founded in 2004, its major product lines include smartphones, smart devices, audio devices, power banks, and other electronic products.

The company is one of the largest smartphone manufacturers in the world, with around 9% of the global market share, and 600 million global monthly active users across more than 60 markets. The company is also in the top three smartphone brands by sales in 20 regional markets, competing with major smartphone manufacturers like Samsung and Xiaomi.

Oppo also owns other smartphone brands such as Realme and OnePlus.
Vipperød
Vipperød is a railway town located 4 km south of Holbæk on the northwestern part of the island of Zealand in Holbæk Municipality, Region Zealand in Denmark. It has a population of 2,673 (1 January 2025).

Vipperød is located at the Danish national road 21 and is served by Vipperød railway station located on the railway line between Roskilde and Holbæk.

Northwest Line (Denmark)
The Northwest Line (Danish: Nordvestbanen), also referred to as the Kalundborg Line (Danish: Kalundborgbanen),  is a 79.3 km (49.3 mi) long, state-owned single track passenger railway line between Roskilde and Kalundborg in the western part of the island of Zealand. The railway is owned by Banedanmark and the service is operated by DSB between Copenhagen Central Station and Kalundborg.

The busiest station on the line is Holbaek, and the section from Roskilde to Holbaek was doubletracked in 2014 and electrified in 2021. The remainder is due for electrification and upgrading to ERMTS level 2 in the future.
Polaris FIB
The Polaris FIB ("Flying Inflatable Boat") is an Italian flying boat ultralight trike, designed and produced by Polaris Motor of Gubbio. The aircraft was introduced in the mid-1980s and remains in production. It is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Rotax 582
The Rotax 582 is a 48 kW (64 hp) two-stroke, two-cylinder, rotary intake valve, oil-in-fuel or oil injection pump, liquid-cooled, gear reduction-drive aircraft engine manufactured by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG. It is for use in non-certified aircraft operating in day visual flight rules.

Production of the engine ended at the end of 2021.
Hathorn
Hathorn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Hathorn (born 1962), South African businessman

Gina Hathorn (born 1946), British alpine skier

Henry H. Hathorn (1813–1887), American politician

John Hathorn (1749–1825), American politician

Libby Hathorn (born 1943), Australian writer

Linda Hathorn (born 1982), Canadian women's soccer player

Maitland Hathorn (1878–1920), South African cricketer

Gina Hathorn
Georgina Melissa "Gina" Hathorn (born 6 July 1946) is a British former alpine skier who competed in the 1964 Winter Olympics and 1968 Winter Olympics, where she finished fourth in the Slalom, and in the 1972 Winter Olympics.
David Robb (motorcycling)
David Robb, born 1956 in Boston, Massachusetts, USA, is a vehicle designer best known for his work as chief designer at BMW Motorrad, BMW's motorcycle division, from 1993 to 2012.

Robb was trained in design at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California. After graduating he worked for Chrysler in the US, and Audi in Germany, before joining BMW's car division in 1984.

At BMW Motorrad Robb was responsible for designing, or led the design of the K1200RS sport bike, the R1200 which is a cruiser; the C1, which is an enclosed scooter; the K1200R, a powerful naked bike; the F800S, F800ST, F800R, and F800GS, all of which share the same 800 cc parallel-twin engine; the R1200GS, a dual-sport motorcycle which is BMW Motorrad's best selling model, and the S1000RR sport bike which is sold as a road bike and is also raced in the Superbike World Championship.

Dual-sport motorcycle
A dual-sport motorcycle  is a type of motorcycle that is designed for varying degrees of off-road use while still being street-legal.  Dual-sports are equipped with lights, a speedometer, mirrors, a horn, registration plates, turn signals, and a muffler with spark arrestor and decibel noise output to comply with government regulations. They vary considerably in engine size and weight, though they are typically 510cc or smaller. They are often versions of off-road bikes that have been made legal for street driving.

Other names such as all-road, on/off-road, dual-purpose, and adventure bike may be chosen by the manufacturer based upon the size, weight, and intended application of the motorcycle. Typically the dual sport category weighs less than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable off-road, while adventure bikes are more than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable on the pavement.
Christ Church South (Barbados Parliament constituency)
Christ Church South is a constituency in the Christ Church area of Barbados represented in the House of Assembly of the Barbadian Parliament since 2026 by Shantal Munro-Knight from the Barbados Labour Party. It was previously held since 2018 by Ralph Thorne, MP of the DLP after he crossed the floor from the Barbados Labour Party in February 2024.

Since its founding in 1991 it has mostly been held by the BLP.

House of Assembly of Barbados
The House of Assembly of Barbados is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Barbados. It has 30 Members of Parliament (MPs), who are directly elected in single member constituencies using the simple-majority (or first-past-the-post) system for a term of five years.  The House of Assembly sits roughly 40–45 days a year and is presided over by a Speaker. If the Speaker elected by the Assembly is not an MP currently in the House of Assembly, that Speaker becomes the 31st member of the Assembly, having a vote on motions that are tied.

The Barbadian House of Assembly chamber is located in the east-wing of The Public Buildings on Broad Street, in Bridgetown, Barbados.
Wiebke Osigus
Wiebke Osigus (born 27 June 1981) is a German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of Lower Saxony since 2017. From 2022 to 2025, she served as minister of federal and European affairs of Lower Saxony.

Landtag of Lower Saxony
The Lower Saxon Landtag (Niedersächsischer Landtag) or the Parliament of Lower Saxony is the state diet of the German state of Lower Saxony. It convenes in Hanover and currently consists of 146 members, consisting of four parties. Since 2022 the majority is a coalition of the Social Democratic Party and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Olaf Lies (SPD).
American trusteeship proposal for Palestine
The United States Proposal for Temporary United Nations Trusteeship for Palestine, announced by President Harry S. Truman on March 25, 1948, was a revised plan from the United States government for the future of the British Mandate for Palestine. The proposal came four months after the approval in the General Assembly of the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine which had been vigorously supported by the United States, and represented a major shift in policy in response to the ongoing 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine. Truman was not against trusteeship per se, but believed that the State Department had went behind his back. Ultimately, the US recognized Israel on May 14, 1948, abandoning the plan. The day after Truman recognized Israel, he wrote in a private letter to Bartley Crum that he still believed that the unitary state proposed by the joint Committee was the "correct solution", and they would "get it worked out that way".

Bartley Crum
Bartley Crum (November 28, 1900 – December 9, 1959) was an American lawyer who became prominent as a member of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, for his book on that experience, and for defending targets of HUAC, particularly the Hollywood Ten and Paul Robeson.