hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eduardus Johannes Petrus van Meeuwen
Jonkheer Eduardus Johannes Petrus van Meeuwen (12 September 1802 in 's-Hertogenbosch – 8 October 1873 in 's-Hertogenbosch) was a Dutch politician from a Catholic family. In 1834, with his father, he was created a member of the lower nobility by King William I of the Netherlands with the title of jonkheer.

Van Meeuwen, a son of Petrus Andreas van Meeuwen, was to become president of the Senate of the Netherlands. In 1846 he was made governor of Limburg, the last with this official title; the function is now called King's (or Queen's) commissioner.

's-Hertogenbosch
's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch: [ˌsɛrtoːɣə(m)ˈbɔs] ⓘ), colloquially known as Den Bosch (pronounced [dɛm ˈbɔs] ⓘ), is a city and municipality in the Netherlands with a population of 160,783. It is the capital of the province of North Brabant and its fourth largest city by population. The city is directly south of the Maas river and near the Waal.
La Plata Peak
La Plata Peak is the fifth-highest summit of the Rocky Mountains of North America and the U.S. state of Colorado.  The prominent 14,343-foot (4,372 m) fourteener is located in the Collegiate Peaks Wilderness of San Isabel National Forest, 22.7 miles (36.5 km) northwest by west (bearing 308°) of the Town of Buena Vista in Chaffee County, Colorado, United States.

"La Plata" is Spanish for "The Silver", a reference to the many silver deposits in the area.  The nearby ghost towns of Winfield and Hamilton were prominent silver mining towns in the early part of the 20th century.  A Hayden Survey team first climbed the peak on July 26, 1873.

The elevation of 14,361 feet marked on the USGS Mount Elbert Quadrangle is incorrect, and should read 14,336 feet (in the NGVD 29 vertical datum).

Fourteener
In the mountaineering parlance of the Western United States, a fourteener (also spelled 14er) is a mountain peak with an elevation of at least 14,000 ft (4267 m). The 96 fourteeners in the United States are all west of the Mississippi River. Colorado has 53 fourteeners, the most of any single state. Alaska has 29, the second most of any single state. Many peak baggers try to climb all fourteeners in the contiguous United States, or in one particular state, or in another region.
Skullerud (station)
Skullerud (pronunciationⓘ) is a station on Østensjø Line of the Oslo Metro, located in the Østensjø borough, between Bogerud and Mortensrud. Since its opening 26 November 1967, it was the end station of the line until Østensjøbanen was extended to Mortensrud in 1997. The area around Skullerud station has a mixture of residential areas and businesses, including the former centers for Norsk Data and Tandberg Radio. The station is also a node for several bus lines.

Norsk Data
Norsk Data was a minicomputer manufacturer located in Oslo, Norway. Existing from 1967 to 1998, it had its most active period from the early 1970s to the late 1980s. At the company's peak in 1987, it was the second largest company in Norway and employed over 4,500 people.

Throughout its history Norsk Data produced a long string of extremely innovative systems, with a disproportionately large number of world firsts. Some examples of this are the NORD-1, the first minicomputer to have memory paging as a standard option, and the first machine to have floating-point instructions standard, the NORD-5, the world's first 32-bit minicomputer (beating the VAX, often claimed the first, by 6 years).
Mall del Norte
Mall del Norte is a super regional shopping mall in Laredo, Texas. The mall opened in 1977 and has since been renovated in 1991, 1993 (expansion), 2007, and 2012. It is located along Interstate 35 in the city's rapidly growing retail hub of town. Mall del Norte is 1,212,515 sq ft (112,646 m2) with over 160 stores, making it the 2nd largest mall in South Texas, and one of the largest malls in Texas overall.  La Plaza Mall in McAllen, Texas is larger by 3,000 sq. feet.

In 2007, as part of the renovations of the mall, Cinemark Theater 16 and Circuit City constructed where the former Montgomery Ward store was located. The mall is currently owned by CBL & Associates Properties.

On July 1, 2020, it was announced that Sears would be closing as part of a plan to close 28 stores nationwide. The store closed in September 2020.

On April 7, 2024, Mega Furniture opened a furniture store in the former Sears utilizing the Sears anchor space.

Forever 21
Forever 21, was a multinational fast-fashion retailer. It was originally founded as Fashion 21 in Highland Park, Los Angeles, in 1984. Before its closure in the US, it was owned and operated by the SPARC Group, with about 540 outlets until it filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy in 2025. It now operates online only and through JCPenney.

The company sells accessories, beauty products, home goods, and clothing for women, men and children. The company has been involved in various controversies that include labor practice issues and copyright infringement accusations. It is also still operating in Mexico, and other countries.
Ramayan (2002 TV series)
Ramayan is a Hindi TV series that was aired on Zee TV in 2001. It is a television adaptation of the ancient Indian epic of the same name, and is primarily based on Valmiki's Ramayana, Tulsidas Ramcharitramanas, Kalidasa's Raghuvaṃśa and Kambar's Kambh Ramayana. It was produced and directed by Baldev Raj Chopra and Ravi Chopra.

The scripting for the series was done by Ram Govind and Research was done by Satish Bhatnagar, Hasan Kamal and Shafiq Ansari. Dharam Chopra was the Director of Photography.

Each episode started with a title song sung by Vinod Rathod and ended with a doha or couplet sung by Manoj Mishra and written by Maya Govind.

Kambar (poet)
Kambar, or Kamban (1180–1250), was an Indian poet. He is the author of the Ramavataram, popularly known as Kambaramayanam, the Tamil version of the Hindu epic Ramayana. He had also authored several other literary works in Tamil including  Silai Elupatu, Kangai Puranam, Sadagopar Antati and Saraswati Antati.
KZPR
KZPR (105.3 FM, "The Fox 105.3") is an active rock format radio station in Minot, North Dakota, owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. The station began as a classic rock station but has evolved into an active rock station and competes with classic rock formatted KTZU "94.9 The Zoo". KZPR is an affiliate of the University of North Dakota athletics broadcasts.

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
Karawaci, Tangerang
Karawaci is  a town and an administrative district (kecamatan) of Tangerang City, in Banten Province of Indonesia, on the island of Java. The district covers an area of 13.48 km2, and had a population of 171,317 at the 2010 Census and 184,388 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 193,480. Lippo Karawaci, a planned community, is located here.

This district formed part of the particuliere landerij, or private domain, of the Oey family of Karawatji, part of the 'Cabang Atas' landowning gentry of colonial Java. Oey Djie San, head of the family at the turn of the century, served as Kapitein der Chinezen of Tangerang.

Cabang Atas
The Cabang Atas (Van Ophuijsen Spelling System: Tjabang Atas)—literally 'upper branch' in Indonesian—was the traditional Chinese establishment or gentry of colonial Indonesia. They were the families and descendants of the Chinese officers, high-ranking colonial civil bureaucrats with the ranks of Majoor, Kapitein and Luitenant der Chinezen. They were referred to as the baba bangsawan (‘Chinese gentry’) in Indonesian, and the ba-poco in Java Hokkien.

As a privileged social class, they exerted a powerful influence on the political, economic and social life of pre-revolutionary Indonesia, in particular on its local Chinese community. Their institutional control of the Chinese officership declined with the colonial ethical policy of the early twentieth century, but their political, economic and social influence lasted until the Indonesian revolution (1945-1950).
Al-Shamsiyah
Al-Shamsiyah (Arabic: الشمسية) is a Syrian village located in the Masyaf Subdistrict in Masyaf District, located west of Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Shamsiyah had a population of 1,452 in the 2004 census.

Masyaf District
Masyaf District (Arabic: مصياف Maṣyāf)  is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Hama Governorate, Syria. At the 2004 Census it had a population of 169,341. Its administrative centre is the city of Masyaf.
1856 Dallas mayoral election
The 1856 Dallas mayoral election was the first mayoral election in Dallas, Texas. The election was held on April 5, 1856. In the election, Dr. Samuel B. Pryor defeated challenger and eventual mayor A. D. Rice.

A. D. Rice
Anderson Doniphan Rice (1818 – October 10, 1869) was the third mayor of Dallas, Texas, from 1858 to 1859.  A physician by profession, he also served as county treasurer (1852–1854) and justice of Precinct No. 1 (1864–1866).
Media Matters for America
Media Matters for America (MMfA) is a nonprofit left-leaning watchdog journalism organization. Founded in 2004 by journalist and political activist David Brock as a counterweight to the conservative Media Research Center, it seeks to spotlight "conservative misinformation" in American media; its methods include issuing reports and quick responses. Two example initiatives are the "Drop Fox" campaign (2011–2013), which sought to discredit Fox News's claims of producing "fair and balanced" coverage, and a 2023 report about X (formerly Twitter) that highlighted antisemitism on the platform.

In July 2025, The New York Times reported that Media Matters was "under siege by Trump and Musk" as part of their retribution campaign. Having difficulty paying legal fees, the organization has scaled back criticism, reduced staff, and contemplated closing entirely.

Watchdog journalism
Watchdog journalism is a form of investigative journalism in which journalists, authors or publishers of a news publication fact-check and interview political and public figures to increase accountability in democratic governance systems.
2011 Zumpango earthquake
The 2011 Zumpango earthquake occurred at 19:47 local time on 10 December with a moment magnitude of 6.5 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong). Its epicenter was located in the city Zumpango, Guerrero, roughly equidistant between the metropolitan areas of Mexico City and Acapulco. The quake was felt in Guerrero, Michoacán, Mexico State, Mexico City and Puebla.

Multiple deaths and injuries resulted from the earthquake, although the effects were minimized because the hypocenter was relatively deep at 65 kilometers (40 mi). The resulting damage was minimal, but during the panic people evacuated buildings in Mexico City.

Zumpango del Río
Zumpango del Río  is the seat of the municipality of Eduardo Neri, in the southern Mexican state of Guerrero.

The Spanish discovered silver lodes here in 1531, and started commercial silver mining in the area.  Francisco de Hoyos and Juan Juan Jaramillo made the discovery when returning from a military expedition to Guerrero.  Using Indian slave labor until the ban from doing so was enforced in 1550, the mines produced 1000 pounds of silver by 1539.  Prominent mine owners included Juan de Burgos and Hernán Cortés.  Most of the mines were abandoned by 1582 however.
Big Sky Brewing Company
46°55′19″N 114°04′22″W﻿ / ﻿46.922°N 114.0727°W﻿ / 46.922; -114.0727

Big Sky Brewing Company is a brewery and taproom located in Missoula, Montana. It is owned by three partners, Bjorn Nabozney, Neal Leathers, and Brad Robinson. It is Montana's largest brewery. It first opened its doors in 1995 on 120-A Hickory Street, but eventually moved to its current location at 5417 Trumpeter Way. The brewery features both seasonal and regular ales and has continued to function under the same owners for twenty-three years.

Ale
Ale is a style of beer, brewed using a warm fermentation method.  In medieval England, the term referred to a drink brewed without hops.

As with most beers, ale typically has a bittering agent to balance the malt and act as a preservative. Ale was originally bittered with gruit, a mixture of herbs or spices boiled in the wort before fermentation, before hops replaced gruit as the bittering agent. In England, however, it was also common to brew ale without adding herbs.
McIlvaine
McIlvaine is a surname of Scottish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham Robinson McIlvaine (1804–1863), American politician, U.S. congressman from Pennsylvania

Robinson McIlvaine (1913–2001), US diplomat

Charles McIlvaine (mycologist) (1840–1909), American author and mycologist

Charles Pettit McIlvaine (1799–1873), American Episcopalian bishop and author

Jim McIlvaine (born 1972), American basketball player

Joseph McIlvaine (1769–1826), American politician, U.S. senator from New Jersey

Maria McIlvaine Gillmore (born Maria McIlvaine; 1871–1965), American writer and missionary

Theodore Clinton McIlvaine (1875–1959), American agronomist

Thomas McIlvaine (1854–1933), American illustrator

Maria McIlvaine Gillmore
Maria McIlvaine Gillmore (born Maria McIlvaine; May 8, 1871 – January 12, 1965) was an American cookbook writer and Presbyterian missionary. She authored the books Meatless Cookery and the Economy Cook Book. She later joined the Commission Appointed to Visit Chile and Brazil by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church, where she contributed her experiences as a missionary to the book Modern Missions in Chile and Brazil.
Torre de Piedra
The Santa Ana Observation Tower (Spanish: Torre de observación de Santa Ana), better known as the Stone Tower (La Torre de Piedra), is an approximately 30 feet tall observation tower located at the summit of Monte del Estado, Santa Ana Peak, at the boundary between the municipalities of San Germán and Maricao, within the Maricao State Forest in southwestern Puerto Rico.

The tower was built in 1940 by the Civilian Conservation Corps, who were also responsible for the building of trails, camps and infrastructure in other parks such as El Yunque and Toro Negro. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2016 along with other properties across Puerto Rico under the listing of New Deal Era (1931–1942) Constructions in the Forest Reserves of Puerto Rico.

Puerto Rican Spanish
Puerto Rican Spanish is the variety of the Spanish language as characteristically spoken in Puerto Rico and by millions of people of Puerto Rican descent living in the United States and elsewhere. It belongs to the group of Caribbean Spanish variants and, as such, is largely derived from Canarian Spanish and Andalusian Spanish. Outside of Puerto Rico, the Puerto Rican accent of Spanish is also commonly heard in the U.S. Virgin Islands and many U.S. mainland cities like Orlando, New York City, Philadelphia, Miami, Tampa, Boston, Cleveland, and Chicago, among others. However, not all stateside Puerto Ricans have knowledge of Spanish. Opposite to island-born Puerto Ricans who primarily speak Spanish, many stateside-born Puerto Ricans primarily speak English, although many stateside Puerto Ricans are fluent in Spanish and English, and often alternate between the two languages.
Ang Panday (1980 film)
Ang Panday (lit. 'The Blacksmith') is a 1980 Filipino action-fantasy film produced and directed by Fernando Poe Jr., who also stars as the titular character. It is based on the fictional comics character of the same name, created by Carlo J. Caparas and illustrated by Steve Gan.

The film was followed by three sequels, which also featuring Poe as Flavio, namely Pagbabalik ng Panday (1981), Ang Panday: Ikatlong Yugto (1982) and Ang Panday IV: Ika-Apat Na Aklat (1984). All four films were shown at the Metro Manila Film Festival in their respective years.

An animated TV series, dubbed as the first full-length Filipino animation series, was shown in RPN 9 during the mid-1980s. It was patterned after the storyline of the first movie.

Paquito Diaz
Francisco Bustillos Diaz Sr. (May 28, 1932 – March 3, 2011), known professionally as Paquito Diaz, was a veteran Filipino actor and movie director. He specialized in antagonist roles for both action and comedy films.
Charmed season 6
The sixth season of Charmed, an American supernatural drama television series created by Constance M. Burge, originally aired in the United States on The WB from September 28, 2003, through May 16, 2004. Airing on Sundays at 8:00 pm. Paramount Home Entertainment released the complete sixth season in a six-disc box set on October 17, 2006. It was later released on high-definition blu-ray on July 20, 2021.

Constance M. Burge
Constance "Connie" M. Burge (born August 6, 1957) is an American television writer and producer. She is the creator of the television series Charmed (1998–2006) and the short-lived series Savannah (1996–1997). Burge was also a writer for Judging Amy, Ally McBeal and Boston Public, and has produced several other shows. In recent years, she has worked as a consulting producer and writer for Royal Pains (2009–2016), The Fosters (2016–2017) and Instinct (2018).

In 2000, Burge left her executive producer position on Charmed ahead of its third season after she reportedly became frustrated with the direction the storylines were going in for that season and because of disagreements with fellow executive producer Brad Kern. However, she remained on Charmed as an executive consultant until the fourth season.
Frączkowo
Frączkowo [frɔnt͡ʂˈkɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Gmina Barciany
Gmina Barciany is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its seat is the village of Barciany, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Kętrzyn and 74 km (46 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 293.62 square kilometres (113.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,735.
Cherkaske, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Cherkaske (Ukrainian: Черкаське) is a rural settlement in Samar Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Cherkaske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 4,117 (2022 estimate).

It is home to the 93rd Mechanized Brigade of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. Cherkaske is located in close proximity to another military townlet, Zarichne.

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровська область, romanized: Dnipropetrovska oblast), also commonly known as Dnipropetrovshchyna (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровщина), is an oblast (province) in southeastern Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country. It was created on February 27, 1932. Dnipropetrovsk Oblast has a population of about 3,096,485 (2022 estimate), approximately 80% of whom live centering on administrative centers: Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, Kamianske, Nikopol and Pavlohrad. The Dnieper River runs through the oblast.
Carson Ross
Carson Ross (born December 15, 1946) was the former mayor of Blue Springs, Missouri. He was the first African American mayor of Blue Springs. He is a Republican. From 1989 to 2003 he served in the Missouri House of Representatives.He graduated from Bradley County High School in Warren, Arkansas in 1964.

Blue Springs, Missouri
Blue Springs is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Blue Springs is located 19 miles (31 km) east of Kansas City. It is the eighth-largest city in the Kansas City metropolitan area and the eleventh-largest city in Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,604.
Buxa
Buxa is a village in the Alipurduar district of West Bengal within Buxa Tiger Reserve. It is located 30 kilometres (19 mi) from Alipurduar, the nearest town. It is known for the Buxa Fort.
It is situated in the dooars in north bengal and it is the critical corridor with assam and Bhutan. Buxa is the wettest place of West Bengal, receiving the highest amount of rainfall (annual average rainfall: 527 cm), as per 2000.

Buxa Tiger Reserve
Buxa Tiger Reserve is a tiger reserve and national park in northern West Bengal, India, covering an area of 760 km2 (290 sq mi). It ranges in elevation from 60 m (200 ft) in the Gangetic Plains to 1,750 m (5,740 ft) bordering the Himalayas in the north. At least 284 bird species inhabit the reserve. Mammals present include Asian elephant, gaur, Sambar deer, clouded leopard, Indian leopard, and Asian golden cat. The Bengal tiger is also present but rarely seen; as of 2005, Buxa Tiger Reserve had only one resident tiger.
Mount Gardner
Mount Gardner (78°23′S 86°2′W﻿ / ﻿78.383°S 86.033°W﻿ / -78.383; -86.033) is a mountain, 4,587 metres (15,050 ft) high, standing 1.5 nautical miles (3 km) west of Mount Tyree in the west-central part of the Sentinel Range, in the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica. It surmounts Patton Glacier to the northeast.

The peak was discovered by the Marie Byrd Land Traverse party of 1957–58 under Charles R. Bentley and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Harvey E. Gardner, U.S. Navy, a pilot in Antarctica in the 1957–58 and 1958–59 seasons who was killed in the crash of a UB-1 Otter airplane at Marble Point on January 4, 1959.

Marie Byrd Land
Marie Byrd Land (MBL) is an unclaimed region of Antarctica. With an area of 1,610,000 km2 (620,000 sq mi), it is the largest unclaimed territory on Earth. It was named after the wife of American naval officer Richard E. Byrd, who explored the region in the early 20th century.

The territory lies in West Antarctica, east of the Ross Ice Shelf and the Ross Sea and south of the Pacific Ocean portion of the Antarctic or Southern Ocean, extending eastward approximately to a line between the head of the Ross Ice Shelf and Eights Coast. It stretches between 158°W and 103°24'W. The inclusion of the area between the Rockefeller Plateau and Eights Coast is based upon Byrd's exploration.
Eva Shang
Eva Shang (born March 1996) is an American lawyer who currently serves as general partner of Legalist.  As an attorney, she also represents the Parkmerced Tenant Association and other tenants unions in San Francisco.

After founding Legalist at the age of 20, Eva led the company through Y Combinator’s S16 accelerator program. By 2025, Legalist had approximately $1.5 billion in assets under management.

Shang is a Harvard drop-out and was recognized by Forbes as one of its 30 under 30 in 2018.

Shang has been featured in several publications, including the Wall Street Journal, the New Yorker, the Boston Globe, and the Financial Times, highlighting her work at Legalist and her commitment to expanding access to justice.

Y Combinator
Y Combinator, LLC (YC) is an American technology startup accelerator and venture capital firm launched in March 2005 which has been used to launch more than 5,000 companies. The accelerator program started in Boston and Mountain View, relocated to San Francisco in 2019, and was entirely online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Companies started via Y Combinator include Airbnb, Coinbase, Cruise, DoorDash, Dropbox, Instacart, Reddit, Stripe, Scale AI, Deel, Helion Energy, Starcloud, and Twitch.