hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shinai, Kutch
Shinai or Shenoi village is located 15 kilometres from the nearest town, Anjar in the taluka of Kutch district in the Indian state of Gujarat.

As per chronicles of Kutch Gurjar Kshatriya or Mistris of Kutch, the village was founded by Rathor, Vegad, Yadav & Parmar clans of their community in 12th century AD but later they shifted to other villages.

Villagers enjoy good drinking water and electricity supply with few power shortages.
The village has good telephone penetration, and most of the houses have televisions and cable supply.

The village entrance greets visitors with a welcome gate.

Kutch Gurjar Kshatriya
Kutch Gurjar Kshatriya (also known as Mistri or Mestri) are a minority Hindu community of Gujarat in India, who claim to be Kshatriya. They are an artisan community related with masonry, artistic carvings, sculpting and building and construction works. They are also known as the Mistris of Kutch adopting word Mistri, a term used in British India  for master-craftsman, thekedar, foreman or supervisor or for those who were expert in building and construction.
Daylighting (tunnels)
Daylighting a tunnel is to remove its "roof" of overlying rock and soil, exposing the railway or roadway to daylight and converting it to a railway or roadway cut. Tunnels are often daylighted to improve vertical or horizontal clearances—for example, to accommodate double-stack container trains or electrifying rail lines, where increasing the size of the tunnel bore is impractical.

South Coast Line
The South Coast Line (SCO) is an intercity rail service that services the Illawarra and South Coast regions of New South Wales, Australia. The service runs from Central in Sydney, and runs the entire length of the eponymous South Coast railway line to Bomaderry. The service also runs along the Eastern Suburbs railway line at peak hours and weekends only, and the Port Kembla railway line to Port Kembla. It is operated with Oscar H sets, with Endeavour railcar N sets operating the service on the non-electrified section between Kiama and Bomaderry.

Passenger trains first operated on the South Coast railway line in 1887, and is one of five routes on the Sydney Trains Intercity network. The South Coast Line routes span 40 stations, across 159 km (99 mi) of railway. An additional 5 stations and 7 km (4.3 mi) of railway are travelled by South Coast Line trains at peak hour on the Eastern Suburbs railway line.
1st Army (German Empire)
The 1st Army (German: 1. Armee / Armeeoberkommando 1 / A.O.K. 1) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I.  It was formed on mobilization in August 1914 from the VIII Army Inspectorate.  The army was dissolved on 17 September 1915, but reformed on 19 July 1916 during the Battle of the Somme.  It was finally disbanded in 1919 during demobilization after the war.

Field army
A field army (also known as numbered army or simply army) is a military formation in many armed forces, composed of two or more corps. It may be subordinate to an army group. Air armies are the equivalent formations in air forces, and fleets in navies. A field army is composed of 80,000 to 300,000 soldiers.
NewsFire
NewsFire is an RSS newsreader developed by David Watanabe for Mac OS X. It supports Atom, RSS, and Podcasting. NewsFire features groups, labels, smart groups, search, and integration with iTunes, Spotlight, and weblog editors. NewsFire can also import and export a blogroll from and to OPML; however, it cannot import Google Reader OPML at this time due to a known bug.

On March 1, 2008, NewsFire became freeware, but since the release of NewsFire 2.0 to the Mac AppStore on February 3, 2011, NewsFire is not freeware anymore.

NewsFire 1.3 requires Mac OS X v10.4.  NewsFire 1.1 was the final version supporting Mac OS X v10.3.

In July 2025, NewsFire cannot be found in the Mac AppStore, and the download link from the website is broken.

Freeware
Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers. For instance, modification, redistribution by third parties, and reverse engineering are permitted by some publishers but prohibited by others. Unlike with free and open-source software, which are also often distributed free of charge, the source code for freeware is typically not made available. Freeware may be intended to benefit its producer by, for example, encouraging sales of a more capable version, as in the freemium and shareware business models; or by collecting and selling user's personal data.
Thomas Ellis (cricketer)
Thomas Ellis (1 March 1828 – date of death unknown) was an English cricketer.

Ellis was born at Birmingham in March 1828. He played for Yorkshire from 1849–51, making eight appearances. He made two appearances in 1849 against Lancashire, following these up with a single appearance against an All England Eleven in 1850. He made four further appearances in 1851, with two appearances each against Lancashire and Surrey. He scored a total of 75 runs in his eight matches, with a high score of 19 not out. As a bowler, he took 17 wickets at a bowling average of 8.20, with one five wicket haul against Lancashire in 1851. In addition to playing cricket, he also stood as an umpire in a single match between Manchester and Sheffield in 1852.

Umpire (cricket)
In cricket, an umpire (from the Old French nompere meaning not a peer, that is, not a  member of one of the teams, impartial) is a person who has the authority to make decisions about events on the cricket field according to the Laws of Cricket. Besides making decisions about legality of delivery, appeals for wickets and general conduct of the game in a legal manner, the umpire also keeps a record of the deliveries and announces the completion of an over.

The umpires in cricket are not to be confused with the referee who usually presides only over international matches and makes no decisions affecting the outcome of the game.
Kyiv Islamic Cultural Center
Kyiv Islamic Cultural Centre (Ukrainian: Ісламський культурний центр та мечеть, romanized: Islamskyi kulturnyi tsentr ta mechet) (from 2001) – mosque and cultural organization in Kyiv, Ukraine. Islamic Cultural Centre (ICC) of Kyiv is one of the nine cultural centers located in the biggest cities of Ukraine. The building of ICC hosted the office of Religious Administration of Muslims of Ukraine “Ummah”, Ukrainian Centre for Islamic Studies, Shariah Committee, right protection organization Together with the law, Alraid Halal Certification and Research Center, publishing office Ansar Foundation, gymnasium Our Future, public organizations Mariam and An-Nur, head office of AUASO Alraid.

Religious Administration of Muslims of Ukraine
Religious Administration of Muslims of Ukraine "Ummah" (Ukrainian: Духовне управління мусульман України «Умма») – union of religious communities of Muslims of Ukraine, established for coordination of actions and providing conditions for worship and preaching of Sunni tradition of Islam. It was registered on September 11, 2008 by State Committee for National and Religious Affairs of Ukraine.
USS SC-19
USS SC-19, until July 1920 known as USS Submarine Chaser No. 19 or USS S.C. 19, was an SC-1-class submarine chaser built for the United States Navy during World War I.

SC-19 was a wooden-hulled 110-foot (34 m) submarine chaser built at the New York Navy Yard at Brooklyn, New York. She was commissioned on 19 October 1917 as USS Submarine Chaser No. 19, abbreviated at the time as USS S.C. 19.

S.C. 19 was assigned to the Second Naval District Experimental Unit at New London, Connecticut.

When the U.S. Navy adopted its modern hull number system on 17 July 1920, Submarine Chaser No. 19 was classified as SC-19 and her name was shortened to USS SC-19.

On 24 June 1921, the Navy sold SC-19 to Joseph G. Hitner of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Henry A. Hitner's Sons Company
Henry A. Hitner's Sons Company owned an iron works in Philadelphia.

The company was established by Henry Adam Hitner and incorporated on 28 December 1906. It purchased many retired United States Navy ships in the early 1900s, converting some of them to merchant ships and scrapping others.

Joseph G. Hitner became a member of the company in 1904 and by April 1919 was president of the company.

In February 1925 a creditors' committee which had controlled the company for the preceding 18 months was dissolved and the stockholders resumed control with Joseph G. Hitner remaining as president.

The company was later renamed the Hitner Industrial Dismantling Company.
2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma
The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma were held on November 6, 2018, to elect the five U.S. representatives from the state of Oklahoma, one from each of the state's five congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. Primary elections were held on June 26 and runoff elections were held two months later on August 28. The state's U.S. House delegation Republican majority changed from 5–0 to 4–1. As of 2025, this is the only time since 2010 that Democrats won any house race in Oklahoma.

Oklahoma Senate
The Oklahoma Senate is the upper house of the two houses of the Legislature of Oklahoma, the other being the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The total number of senators is set at 48 by the Oklahoma Constitution.

Senators approve or reject gubernatorial appointments, and contribute to the creation of both state law and an annual state budget. Every ten years, they aid in drawing new boundaries for Oklahoma's electoral districts. The Oklahoma Senate also serves as a court of impeachment.

The presiding officer of the Senate is the lieutenant governor of Oklahoma, who is the president of the Senate. Since the 1960s, the president pro tempore of the Senate has presided over daily work. Prior to that time, the president of the Senate took a leading role in the Senate, including appointing committees and members to those committees. The president of the Senate may cast a vote only in the instance of a tie vote and may not vote to create a tie.
Air L.A.
Air L.A., a wholly owned subsidiary of Air L.A. Inc (NASDAQ:  AILA) was a U.S. commuter airline headquartered in the Westchester area of Los Angeles, California. It was founded by Wayne Schoenfeld, Ken Dickey and Bill Wolf. It discontinued operations in California in May, 1995.  It ceased all operations in September 1995.

Regional airline
A regional airline is a general classification of airline which typically operates scheduled passenger air service, using regional aircraft, between communities lacking sufficient demand or infrastructure to attract mainline flights. In North America, most regional airlines are classified as "fee-for-departure" carriers, operating their revenue flights as codeshare services contracted by one or more major airline partners. A number of regional airlines, particularly during the 1960s and 1970s, were classified as commuter airlines in the Official Airline Guide (OAG).
Bacidia kurilensis
Bacidia kurilensis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. Found in the Russian Far East, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by Julia Gerasimova, Aleksandr Ezhkin, and Andreas Beck. The type specimen was collected by the second author from Kunashir Island (Kuril Islands archipelago, Sakhalin Oblast), where it was found growing on the bark of Salix udensis in a mixed conifer-broadleaf forest in a small river valley. The species epithet kurilensis refers to the island group where it was first documented. The lichen has a poorly defined, granular thallus, and a greenish hue in the epihymenium and excipulum edge.

Salix udensis
Salix udensis (syn. S. sachalinensis F.Schmidt) is a species of willow native to northeastern Asia, in eastern Siberia (including Kamchatka), northeastern China, and northern Japan.

It is a deciduous shrub growing to 5 m (16 ft) tall. The leaves are slender, lanceolate, 6–10 cm long and 0.8–2 cm broad, glossy dark green above, glaucous and slightly hairy below, with a serrated margin. The flowers are produced in early spring on catkins 2–3 cm long. It typically takes 20 years to reach maturity.

The cultivar S. udensis 'Sekka' (Japanese fantail willow) is grown as an ornamental plant; it has fasciated stems (stems that are joined abnormally in a flattened arrangement—hence "fantail"), highly prized by Ikebana flower arrangers. The Sekka cultivar has also been found to be resistant to plant pathogens such as rust (Melampsora spp.) caused by pathogenic fungi.
1993 Nichirei International
The 1993 Nichirei International was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan that was part of Tier II of the 1993 WTA Tour. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from 21 September through 26 September 1993. Fourth-seeded Amanda Coetzer won the singles title and earned $75,000 first-prize money.

Ariake Coliseum
35°38′11″N 139°47′25″E﻿ / ﻿35.6364°N 139.7903°E﻿ / 35.6364; 139.7903

Ariake Coliseum (有明コロシアム, Ariake Koroshiamu) is an indoor sporting arena in Ariake Tennis Park located in Ariake, Kōtō, Tokyo, Japan. It has a capacity of 10,000 and is one of the few professional tennis venues which has a retractable roof.

When Ariake Coluseum first opened, it had no roof, but its sliding roof was installed in April 1991, making it the first stadium in Japan with a retractable roof, and the third overall after the Rod Laver Arena in Melbourne and the SkyDome in Toronto.
Heatball
Heatball is a brand name for an incandescent lamp. The brand was used as part of a scheme by Siegfried Rotthäuser, a mechanical engineer from Essen in Germany, to stimulate discussion of EU Regulation 244/2009. This Regulation forbade the importation or sale of light sources with energy efficiency worse than 'Class C' after September 2012 as part of the phase-out of incandescent light bulbs.

The scheme's declared purpose was to sell incandescent lamps as small heating elements for winter, or for use in chicken coops. The scheme was covered by several members of the international press.

Poultry farming
Poultry farming is the form of animal husbandry which raises domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese to produce meat or eggs for food. Poultry – mostly chickens – are farmed in great numbers.  More than 60 billion chickens are killed for consumption annually. Chickens raised for eggs are known as layers, while chickens raised for meat are called broilers.

In the United States, the national organization overseeing poultry production is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In the UK, the national organization is the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA).
Sean Barrett (writer)
Sean Barrett (born 1959) is a writer, nucleonicist, former member of the Wikipedia Arbitration Committee, and the grandson of Linton Lomas Barrett.  He is the author of GURPS Lensman: Starkly Astounding Space-Opera Adventure, a book of role-playing instructions carefully based upon the Lensman series by E.E. Smith, and authorized by Dr. Smith's literary executor, Verna Smith Trestrail.  He was a nucleonicist on the USS Ohio (SSBN-726), and senior health physicist on the Three Mile Island Unit Two Recovery Team.

Lensman series
The Lensman series is a series of science fiction novels by American author E. E. "Doc" Smith. It was a runner-up for the 1966 Hugo Award for Best All-Time Series, losing to the Foundation series by Isaac Asimov.
Buenos Aires–Rosario–Córdoba high-speed railway
The Buenos Aires–Rosario–Córdoba high-speed railway (Spanish: Tren de Alta Velocidad de Argentina, abbreviated TAVe, also named Argentine bullet train) was a project designed to link the Argentine cities of Buenos Aires, Rosario and Córdoba through a 710 km (440 mi) high-speed rail network.

The plan, announced by then-President Néstor Kirchner during a press conference at the Casa Rosada on 26 April 2006, would have been the first not only in Argentina but in South America, operating at up to 320 km/h (200 mph). This would reduce the time of the service from 14 to 3 hours.

The entire project, which costs had been calculated in US$4 billion creating 5,000 jobs directly, was dismissed due to the 2008 financial crisis. Although French company Alstom intended to resume the project, plans for a high-speed train were definitely suspended.

Emepa Group
Emepa Group S.A. (Spanish: Grupo Emepa, an acronym for Empresa Metalúrgica Patricias Argentinas) is an Argentine conglomerate (company) that operates in several transport and engineering areas.

The company owns a large amount of companies such as Ferrovías (which operates on the Belgrano Norte Line), with headquarters located in the city of Buenos Aires. It had formerly owned Ferrocentral, which ran services from Buenos Aires to Córdoba and San Miguel de Tucumán on the Mitre Network, however the state-owned company SOFSE took over these services in 2014 and the subsidiary now remains inactive.

Emepa has also manufacturered railway vehicles such as the Alerce diesel railcars.
Seterstøa
Seterstøa is a village in Nes in Akershus, Norway. The village has a railway station, Seterstøa Station on Kongsvingerbanen. There is also a bridge over Glomma at Seterstøa, replacing the former ferry.

Glomma
The Glomma or Glåma is Norway's longest and most voluminous river. With a total length of 621 kilometres (386 miles), it has a drainage basin that covers 13% of Norway's surface area, all in the southern part of the country.
Lachhman Singh Gill
Lachhman Singh Gill (1917 – 26 April 1969) was an Indian politician who served as the 7th Chief Minister of Punjab. He remained in this post from 25 November 1967 to 22 August 1968. He was a member of Shiromani Akali Dal(SAD), a Sikh-centered regional political party in Punjab.

Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
The Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (abbr. SGPC; lit. Supreme Gurdwara Management Committee) is an organization in India responsible for the management of gurdwaras, Sikh places of worship, in the states of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh and the union territory of Chandigarh. SGPC also administers Darbar Sahib in Amritsar.

The SGPC is governed by the president of SGPC. The SGPC manages the security, financial, facility maintenance and religious aspects of Gurdwaras as well as keeping archaeologically rare and sacred artifacts, including weapons, clothes, books and writings of the Sikh Gurus.

Bibi Jagir Kaur became the first woman to be elected president of the SGPC for the second time in September 2004. She had held the same post from March 1999 to November 2000.
Lauren Flanigan
Lauren Flanigan (born May 18, 1958) is an American operatic soprano who has had an active international career since the 1980s. She enjoyed a particularly fruitful partnership with the New York City Opera, appearing with the company almost every year since 1990. She has sung more than 100 different opera roles on stage during her career, often appearing in contemporary works or more rarely staged operas. Opera News stated that, "Flanigan has enjoyed one of the most distinctive careers of any artist of her generation, one marked by a high volume of contemporary works. Modern composers love her because of her innate musicality, dramatic power and lightning-fast skills and instincts."

Frau Margot
Frau Margot is an opera in 3 acts by composer Thomas Pasatieri. The work uses an English language libretto by Frank Corsaro which is based on Corsaro's play Lyric Suite. The opera's premiere was presented by the Fort Worth Opera on June 2, 2007. Corsaro directed the production which used sets by Alison Nalder and costumes by Steven Bryant. A recording of this production was released on CD by Albany Records.
Kayo Sugihara
Kayo Sugihara (杉原 加代, Sugihara Kayo; born 24 February 1983 in Shimane Prefecture) is a Japanese athlete who specialises in long-distance events. She represented her country at the 2007 and 2011 World Championships. In addition, she won a silver medal at the 2006 Asian Games.

2007 World Championships in Athletics
The 11th World Championships in Athletics, (Japanese: 2007年世界陸上競技選手権大会) under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), were held at Nagai Stadium in Osaka, Japan from 24 August to 2 September 2007. 200 of the IAAF's 212 member federations entered a total of 1,978 athletes, the greatest number of competitors at any World Championships to date. Sarah Brightman, the world's best-selling soprano, performed her single Running at the opening ceremony.
Alphabetum
Alphabetum is a commercial multilingual Unicode font (TTF, TrueType font) for ancient languages developed by Juan José Marcos. It is also the prominent title of a Latin book printed in 1772 which describes the evolution of several Indian language scripts including that of Malayalam.

Alphabetum contains fonts for:

Aegean numerals

Anatolian scripts (Lydian, Lycian, Carian, Phrygian, Sidetic)

Avestan

Brahmi

Celtiberian

Coptic (Bohairic)

Cypriot

Old Cyrillic

Old English

Middle English

Glagolitic

Gothic

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek acrophonic numerals

Ancient Greek  musical notation

Ancient Greek papyrological numbers

Hebrew

Iberian

New Testament editorial symbols

Old Italic (Etruscan, Oscan, Umbrian, Faliscan, Messapic, North and South Picene)

Kharosthi

Classical Latin

Medieval Latin

Linear B

Old Nordic

Medieval Nordic

Ogham

Old Persian cuneiform

Phoenician

Runic

Sanskrit

Old Church Slavonic

Ugaritic

Aegean numerals
Aegean numerals are an additive sign-value numeral system that was used by the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations. They are attested in the Linear A and Linear B scripts. They may have also survived in the Cypro-Minoan script, where a single sign with the value "100" is attested on a large clay tablet from Enkomi.
Delanterone
Delanterone (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name) (developmental code name GBR-21162), also known as 1α-methylandrosta-4,16-dien-3-one, is a steroidal antiandrogen described as an anti-acne agent which was never marketed. The compound showed poor efficacy as an antiandrogen in vivo in animals, suggestive of low activity or a short terminal half-life, and likely in relation to this was not further developed. It was described and characterized in the literature in 1977.

Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.

Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Examples include the lipid cholesterol, sex hormones estradiol and testosterone,: 10–19  anabolic steroids, and the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid drug dexamethasone. Hundreds of steroids are found in fungi, plants, and animals. All steroids are manufactured in cells from a sterol: cholesterol (animals), lanosterol (opisthokonts), or cycloartenol (plants). All three of these molecules are produced via cyclization of the triterpene squalene.
Georgia Generals
Georgia Generals were a professional soccer team in the United States. They played for one season (1982) in the ASL. They were formed when the Cleveland Cobras franchise moved to Atlanta, Georgia. Their owner was Walt Russell. They played their games at DeKalb Memorial Stadium in Clarkston.

American Soccer League (1933–1983)
The American Soccer League has been a name used by four different professional soccer sports leagues in the United States. The second American Soccer League was established in summer 1933 following the collapse of the original American Soccer League, which lasted from 1921 until spring 1933. The new league was created on a smaller scale and with smaller budgets. This league existed until over-expansion and financial limitations led to its collapse in 1983. Two successor leagues later operated.