hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Burns (surname)
The surname Burns has several origins. In some cases, it derived from the Middle English or Scots burn, and originated as a topographic name for an individual who lived by a stream. In other cases the surname is a variant form of the surname Burnhouse, which originated as a habitational name, derived from a place name made up of the word elements burn and house. In other cases the surname Burns originated as a nickname meaning "burn house". In other cases, the surname Burns is an Anglicised form of the Irish Ó Broin, which means "descendant of Bran". In some cases the surname Burns is an Americanized form of the Jewish surname Bernstein, which is derived from the German bernstein ("amber").

An early form of the surname when derived from the place name Burnhouse is "Burnis", recorded in 1526. An early form of the surname when derived from a nickname meaning "burn house" is "Brenhus", recorded in 1286 and 1275.

Bernstein
Bernstein is a common surname of German origin, meaning "amber" (literally "burn stone"). The name is used by both Germans and Jews, although it is most common among people of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage. The German pronunciation is [ˈbɛʁnʃtaɪn] ⓘ, but in English, it is pronounced either as /ˈbɜːrnstaɪn/ or /ˈbɜːrnstiːn/.
Schoenmaker
Schoenmaker and Schoenmakers are Dutch occupational surnames meaning "shoemaker". People with these names include:

Celinde Schoenmaker (born 1989), Dutch actress and singer

Lex Schoenmaker (born 1947), Dutch football player and manager

Michael Schoenmaker (born 1983), Dutch Paralympic swimmer

Milo Schoenmaker (born 1967), Dutch politician (VVD)

Nevil Schoenmakers (1956–2019), Australian botanist and cannabis breeder

Ryan Schoenmakers (born 1990), Australian rules footballer

Tatjana Schoenmaker (born 1997), South African swimmer

Noraly Shoenmaker Motorcycle traveler, Author, Geologist

The name can also refer to:

5071 Schoenmaker, an asteroid

Milo Schoenmaker
Milo Schoenmaker (born 17 November 1967 in Alkmaar) is a Dutch politician for the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He was Mayor of Gouda between 2012 and 2019. Since 15 January 2019 he is the chairman of the Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers (COA), the Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers
Otay Ranch Town Center
Otay Ranch Town Center is an open-air shopping mall/lifestyle center in the Otay Ranch area of Chula Vista, California, south of San Diego. Owned and operated by GGP, a subsidiary of Brookfield Properties, it has one vacant anchor store once occupied by Macy's, and features AMC Theatres, Barnes & Noble, and Planet Fitness.

Other retailers include Apple Inc., H&M, and Hollister Co. Dining options include The Cheesecake Factory, Chili's, and P.F. Chang's China Bistro.

The Cheesecake Factory
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated is an American restaurant company and distributor of cheesecakes based in the United States. It operates 370 full-service restaurants: 218 under the Cheesecake Factory brand, 47 under the North Italia brand, and 105 under other brands. The Cheesecake Factory also operates two bakery production facilities—in Calabasas, California, and Rocky Mount, North Carolina.

David M. Overton, the company's founder, opened the first Cheesecake Factory restaurant in Beverly Hills, California, in 1978. The restaurant established the future chain's pattern of featuring an eclectic menu, large portions, and signature cheesecakes. In 2025, Fortune ranked the Cheesecake Factory at number 23 on their Fortune List of the Top 100 Companies to Work For in 2020 based on an employee survey of satisfaction. Additionally, The Cheesecake Factory's average unit volume consistently leads the casual restaurant industry.
Bassus of Nice
Saint Bassus of Nice (182 ca. – 250 AD) is a 3rd-century Roman Catholic saint and martyr, traditionally the earliest named bishop of Nice.

He was active on the Côte d'Azur, and was martyred for his faith under the Emperor Decius by being burned with red-hot blades and pierced from head to feet by two large shipbuilding nails, one through each foot.

He is venerated as a saint. His feast day is 5 December. He is the patron saint of Cupra Marittima in Italy, where his body was taken after his death, and since 1922 or 1923 the second patron saint of Nice.

Decius
Gaius Messius Quintus Trajanus Decius (c. 201 – June 251), known as Trajan Decius or simply Decius (/ˈdiːʃiəs/), was Roman emperor from 249 to 251.

A distinguished politician during the reign of Philip the Arab, Decius was proclaimed emperor by his troops after putting down a rebellion in Moesia. In 249, he defeated and killed Phillip near Verona and was recognized as emperor by the Senate afterwards. During his reign, he attempted to strengthen the Roman state and its religion, leading to the Decian persecution, where a number of prominent Christians (including Pope Fabian) were put to death. In the last year of his reign, Decius co-ruled with his son Herennius Etruscus, until they were both killed by the Goths in the Battle of Abritus.
Newspaper Proprietors Association
The Newspaper Proprietors Association was a London-based trade association.

It opposed proposed legislation in 1908 to restrict the publication of unauthorised military information. In 1912 it was a member of the Admiralty, War Office and Press Committee, the fore-runner of the D-Notice system.   Letters, or telegrams, sent to editors asking them not to carry certain stories in the interest of national security were known as "Parkers" after Ernest Parke who was then the representative of the Association on the Committee.

It opposed proposals by the BBC to produce a magazine in 1928.

Some of its records are held in the British National Archives.

D-Notice
In the United Kingdom, D-Notices, officially known since 2015 as DSMA-Notices (Defence and Security Media Advisory Notices), are official requests to news editors not to publish or broadcast items on specified subjects for reasons of national security.

DSMA-Notices were originally called Defence Notices (abbreviated to D-Notice) from their inception in 1912 to 1993, and DA-Notices (Defence Advisory Notices) from 1993 until the mid-2010s.

A similar D-Notice system was previously operational in Australia, but has fallen into disuse. Sweden maintained a similar "gray notice" system during World War II, as described below.
2013–14 Logan Cup
The 2013–14 Logan Cup was a first-class cricket competition held in Zimbabwe from 9 December 2013 to 26 April 2014. The tournament was won by the Mountaineers, who claimed their first title.

Regis Chakabva of the Mashonaland Eagles finished the competition as the leading run-scorer, accumulating 588 runs. The leading wicket-taker was Donald Tiripano of the Mountaineers, who took 34 wickets.

The season was disrupted after the first round of matches, due to a player boycott following non-payment of salaries. The second round of matches, which were due to be played between 17 and 20 December 2013, was ultimately cancelled. The tournament resumed on 24 February 2014.

Regis Chakabva
Regis Wiriranai Chakabva (born 20 September 1987) is a Zimbabwean cricketer and vice-captain of the team in all formats of the game. He is a right-handed wicket-keeper batter. He played through school-level cricket and started making his mark as a good batter with sound wicket-keeping abilities. He got picked to play for Zimbabwe.
Museum of West African Art
The Museum of West African Art (MOWAA) is a museum that has been built in Benin City, Nigeria and was planned to open on 11 November 2025. However, due to political protests during opening ceremony, the museum remains closed until further notice. It will show over 300 items on loan from European museums. Its architect, David Adjaye, revealed renderings for the museum in November 2020. The campus is 15 acres large, and construction cost is estimated to be US$25 million (36.2 Billion Nigerian Naira) so far. More costs and funding are expected to appear upon opening.

Ewuare II
Ewuare II (born 20 October 1953) was crowned the Oba of Benin on 20 October 2016. He is the 40th Oba, a title created for the Head of State (Emperor) of the Benin Empire at some time between 1180 and 1300.
Al-Etisalat SC
Al-Etisalat Sports Club (The Communications, Arabic: الاتصالات), is an Iraqi football team based in Baghdad was called Al-Bareed before season 2009/10. They play in the Iraqi Premier Division League.

The Al-Bareed team was founded in 1963, and was merged with Al-Minaa for the 1974–75 season to form Al-Muwasalat. After the season ended, Al-Muwasalat was dissolved and Al-Minaa were reinstated in their place, meanwhile Al-Bareed was consigned to competing in non-IFA competitions as it was an institute-representative team and not a club. In 1992, Al-Bareed was registered as a sports club and entered the lower divisions of Iraqi club football organised by the IFA.

Iraq Football Association
The Iraq Football Association (IFA) (Arabic: الاتحاد العراقي لكرة القدم) is the governing body of football in Iraq, controlling the Iraqi national team and the Iraqi football league system. The Iraqi Football Association was founded in 1948 and has been a member of FIFA since 1950, the Asian Football Confederation since 1970, and the Sub-confederation regional body West Asian Football Federation since 2001. Iraq is also part of the Union of Arab Football Associations (founded in 1974) and the Arab Gulf Cup Football Federation (founded in 2016). The Iraqi team is commonly known as Usood Al-Rafidain (Arabic: أسود الرافدين), which literally means Lions of Mesopotamia.
2014 Royal Guard Open
The 2014 Royal Guard Open was a men's tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 21st and last edition of the Royal Guard Open, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2014 ATP World Tour. It took place in Viña del Mar, Chile from 3 February through 9 February 2014.

Gonzalo Lama
Gonzalo Andrés Lama Feliu (Latin American Spanish: [ɡonˈsalo ˈlama]; born 27 April 1993 in Santiago) is a former Chilean professional tennis player. His best singles ranking was 160 in June 2016. He won two Challengers (Cali and São Paulo), along with fourteen futures, twelve in singles and two in doubles.
749 Malzovia
749 Malzovia (prov. designation: A913 GD or 1913 RF) is a stony background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 11 kilometers (6.8 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 5 April 1913, by Russian astronomer Sergey Belyavsky at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The elongated S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 5.9 hours. It was named after Russian amateur astronomer Nikolai Maltsov (S. I. Maltsov) who founded the discovering Simeïs Observatory in 1900.

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.
Trichromes
Trichromes is an album by the Trichromes, a rock band led by former Grateful Dead drummer Bill Kreutzmann.  The group's only full-length album was released in 2002. Robert Hunter wrote the lyrics for eight of the eleven songs.

Pete Sears
Peter Roy Sears (born 27 May 1948) is an English rock musician. In a career spanning more than six decades, he has been a member of many bands and has moved through a variety of musical genres, from early R&B, psychedelic improvisational rock of the 1960s, folk, country music, arena rock in the 1970s, and blues. He usually plays bass, keyboards, or both in bands.
Dolores Wilson
Dolores Mae Wilson (August 9, 1928 – September 28, 2010) was an American coloratura soprano who had an active international opera career from the late 1940s through the early 1960s. Beginning her career with major theatres in Europe, she performed in six seasons at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City during the 1950s. She is perhaps best known for originating the title role in the world premiere of Douglas Moore's The Ballad of Baby Doe at the Central City Opera in 1956. After abandoning her opera career, she embarked on a second career as a musical theatre actress; making several appearances on Broadway in the following decades.

Coloratura soprano
A coloratura soprano (Italian: soprano di coloratura) is a type of operatic soprano voice that specializes in music that is distinguished by agile runs, leaps and trills.

The term coloratura refers to the elaborate ornamentation of a melody, which is a typical component of the music written for this voice. Within the coloratura category, there are roles written specifically for lighter voices known as lyric coloraturas and others for larger voices known as dramatic coloraturas. Categories within a certain vocal range are determined by the size, weight and color of the voice. Coloratura is particularly found in vocal music and especially in operatic singing of the 18th and 19th centuries.
Rizah Mešković
Rizah Mešković (born 10 August 1947) is a Bosnian former professional football player and manager who played as a goalkeeper. At international level, he played for the Yugoslavia national team once, in 1972, and was part of the squad at the 1974 FIFA World Cup in West Germany.

Throughout his football career, both as a player and coach, Mešković had many success and received a number of awards from UEFA, FIFA and the Football Association of Yugoslavia (FJS).

1974 Yugoslav Cup
The 1974 Yugoslav Cup was the 27th season of the top football knockout competition in SFR Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav Cup (Serbo-Croatian: Kup Jugoslavije), also known as the "Marshal Tito Cup" (Kup Maršala Tita), since its establishment in 1946.
Syd Slater
Arthur John "Syd" Slater QPM (16 December 1914 – 8 March 1994) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon and North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Slater came to the VFL from Gisborne, in the Riddell District Football League (RDFL). He started as a forward and kicked four goals on his Essendon debut in the opening round of the 1935 season, against Melbourne at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. The feat was overshadowed by teammate Ted Freyer who kicked 12 goals, a then club record. Despite the promising start up forward, Slater spent most of his time at Essendon in defence and as a follower. He won the best and fairest award for the Essendon seconds in 1938. From 1940 to 1945, Slater played for North Melbourne, then in 1946 crossed to Brunswick in the Victorian Football Association.

Outside of football, Slater worked for Victoria Police, rising to the rank of Superintendent. He was awarded the Queen's Police Medal in 1970.

Victoria Police
Victoria Police is the primary law enforcement agency of the Australian state of Victoria. It was formed in 1853 and currently operates under the Victoria Police Act 2013.

As of June 2023, Victoria Police has 21,326 staff, comprising 15,842 police officers, 1,412 Protective Services Officers, 346 Police Custody Officers and 216 Police Recruits in training, 2 reservists and 3,507 Victorian Public Service (VPS) employees across 333 police stations. Victoria Police's budget for 2023–2024 is A$4.13 billion.

Between 31 July 2018 and 18 July 2019, Victoria Police recorded 514,398 offences, an increase of 1.5% from the previous year. Victoria Police also responded to 897,016 emergency calls, a reduction of 0.3% from previous year.
37th Manitoba Legislature
The members of the 37th Manitoba Legislature were elected in the Manitoba general election held in September 1999. The legislature sat from November 18, 1999, to May 2, 2003.

The New Democratic Party led by Gary Doer formed the government.

Gary Filmon of the Progressive Conservative Party was Leader of the Opposition. After Filmon's resignation in 2000, Bonnie Mitchelson served as acting party leader until Stuart Murray was elected leader in November 2000.

George Hickes served as speaker for the assembly.

There were four sessions of the 37th Legislature:

Peter Liba was Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba.

Gary Filmon
Gary Albert Filmon PC OC OM (born August 24, 1942) is a Canadian politician from Manitoba who served as the 19th premier of Manitoba. He was the leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba from 1983 to 2000, and served as the premier from 1988 to 1999.
Brendan Larkin
Brendan Larkin (born 1943) is an Irish retired Gaelic footballer who played as a centre-back for the Cork senior football team.

Born in Douglas, Cork, Larkin first played competitive football in his youth. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Cork minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He joined the senior panel during the 1964 championship and played for just one season.

At club level Larkin  played with Douglas.

Douglas, Cork
Douglas (Irish: Dúglas or Dúbhglas, meaning 'dark stream') is a suburb, with a village core, in Cork city, Ireland. Douglas is also the name of the townland, Roman Catholic parish, Church of Ireland parish and civil parish in which it is contained.

Originally a separate village, the growth of both the village and the city has meant Douglas has become incorporated into the city over time. The 2017 Mackinnon Report proposed that Douglas and surrounding residential areas be moved to within an extended Cork City Council boundary, ending the division of Douglas between the city and county administrative areas. Douglas, along with Rochestown, Grange and Frankfield, formally moved into the city council area on 31 May 2019, following the 2019 local elections.
Abaciscus tristis
Abaciscus tristis is a species of moth belonging to the family Geometridae, and the type species of the genus Abaciscus. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1889. It is known from the Himalaya, western and southern China, Taiwan and Borneo.

It is infrequent in upper montane forest, ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 meters.

Arthur Gardiner Butler
Arthur Gardiner Butler F.L.S., F.Z.S. (27 June 1844 – 28 May 1925) was an English entomologist, arachnologist and ornithologist. He worked at the British Museum on the taxonomy of birds, insects, and spiders.
Athermalization
Athermalization, in the field of optics, is the process of achieving optothermal stability in optomechanical systems. This is done by minimizing variations in optical performance over a range of temperatures.

Optomechanical systems are typically made of several materials with different thermal properties. These materials compose the optics (refractive or reflective elements) and the mechanics (optical mounts and system housing). As the temperature of these materials change, the volume and index of refraction will change as well, increasing strain and aberration content (primarily defocus). Compensating for optical variations over a  temperature range is known as athermalizing a system in optical engineering.

Refraction
In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. The redirection can be caused by the wave's change in speed or by a change in the medium. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction. How much a wave is refracted is determined by the change in wave speed and the initial direction of wave propagation relative to the direction of change in speed.

Optical prisms and lenses use refraction to redirect light, as does the human eye. The refractive index of materials varies with the wavelength of light, and thus the angle of the refraction also varies correspondingly. This is called dispersion and allows prisms  and raindrops in rainbows to divide white light into its constituent spectral colors.
USS Storm King
USS Storm King (AP-171) was a Storm King class auxiliary transport of the United States Navy. She was designed as a troop carrier, and named after Storm King Mountain.

Storm King was laid down under United States Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 1346) on 20 July 1943 by the North Carolina Shipbuilding Company, Wilmington, North Carolina; launched on 17 September 1943; sponsored by Mrs. P. F. Halcey; delivered to the Navy on 3 December 1943, and commissioned on 4 December 1943.

Storm King Mountain (New York)
Storm King Mountain is a mountain on the west bank of the Hudson River just south of Cornwall-on-Hudson, New York. Together with Breakneck Ridge on the opposite bank of the river it forms "Wey-Gat" or Wind Gate, the picturesque northern narrows of the Hudson Highlands. Its distinctive curved ridge is the most prominent aspect of the view south down Newburgh Bay, from Newburgh, Beacon, and the Newburgh-Beacon Bridge. It can also be seen by southbound travelers on nearby sections of the New York State Thruway. This view was a popular subject for early artists of the Hudson River School.

While thought of as the highest point in the area, its summit reaching approximately 1,340 feet (410 m) above sea level, the eastern summit known officially as Butter Hill is actually higher, with an elevation of 1,380 feet (420 m).
Benton County, Tennessee
Benton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,864. Its county seat is Camden. The county was created in December 1835 and organized in 1836.

Benton County is located in northwest Tennessee, bordering the western branch of the Tennessee River and 30 miles south of the Kentucky border. Aside from Camden, other major communities include agrarian communities Big Sandy and Holladay. It is known well in the area for its duck hunting and fishing industries, and in the past, was recognized for sorghum production, although it is no longer produced there.

Waterfowl hunting
Waterfowl hunting is the practice of hunting aquatic birds such as ducks, geese and other waterfowls or shorebirds for sport and meat. Waterfowl are hunted in crop fields where they feed, or in areas with bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, ponds, wetlands, sloughs, or coasts. There are around 3 million waterfowl hunters in the United States alone.
Scottish Rugby Schools' Cup
The Scottish Rugby Schools' Cup is the annual Scottish schools' rugby union cup competition. Competitions are held at under-18 and under-16 age group levels and are organised by Scottish Rugby. The finals are held at Murrayfield Stadium in Edinburgh.

The competitions have had many different formats over the years. For season 2024–25 there are four competitions for each age group, the Cup, Shield, Plate and Bowl. The main cup competitions involve a straight knock-out format. In 2013-14 a new shield competition was introduced for those teams eliminated in the preliminary and first rounds of the cup competitions.

The fixtures and results are regularly posted on the Scottish Rugby website and in the mainstream media. Previous sponsors include the Bank of Scotland, Bell Lawrie White and Brewin Dolphin.

Scottish Rugby Union
The Scottish Rugby Union (SRU; Scottish Gaelic: Aonadh Rugbaidh na h-Alba) is the governing body of rugby union in Scotland. Now marketed as Scottish Rugby, it is the second-oldest Rugby Union, having been founded in 1873. The SRU oversees the national league system, known as the Scottish League Championship, and the Scottish National teams. The SRU is headed by the President (Keith Wallace) and Chairman (John McGuigan), with Mark Dodson acting as the chief executive officer. Dee Bradbury became the first female president of a Tier 1 rugby nation upon her appointment on 4 August 2018.