hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eğilmez, Karaman
Eğilmez is a village in the Karaman District of Karaman Province, Turkey. Its population is 294 (2022). It is situated to the north of Karadağ an extinct volcano.  Its distance to Karaman is 46 kilometres (29 mi). The village was founded by Turkmens. The main economic activity of the village is agriculture.

Karaman
Karaman is a city in south central Turkey, located in Central Anatolia, north of the Taurus Mountains, about 100 km (62 mi) south of Konya. It is the seat of Karaman Province and Karaman District. Its population is 175,390 (2022). The town lies at an average elevation of 1,039 m (3,409 ft). The Karaman Museum is one of the major sights.
Aneroëstes
Aneroëstes (Greek Ἀνηροέστης) (died 225 BC) was one of the two leaders of the Gaesatae, a group of Gaulish mercenaries who lived in the Alps near the Rhône and fought against the Roman Republic in the Battle of Telamon of 225 BC. He and his colleague Concolitanus were hired by the Boii and Insubres in response to the Roman colonisation of the formerly Gallic region of Picenum. After some initial success in Etruria, when faced with the army of the consul Lucius Aemilius Papus, Aneroëstes persuaded the Gauls to withdraw, but they were cut off at Telamon (modern Talamone, Tuscany) by the other consul, Gaius Atilius Regulus, and forced to fight a pitched battle.

The Gaesatae fought at the front, naked apart from their weapons, but their small shields offered little protection against Roman javelins. The Gaesatae were forced back and their allies slaughtered. Colcolitanus was captured. Aneroëstes escaped with a small group of followers, who took their own lives.

Picenum
Picenum was a region of ancient  Italy. The name was assigned by the Romans, who conquered and incorporated it into the Roman Republic. Picenum became Regio V in the Augustan territorial organisation of Roman Italy. It is now in Marche and the northern part of Abruzzo.

The Piceni or Picentes were the native population of Picenum, but they were not of uniform ethnicity. They maintained a sanctuary to the Sabine goddess Cupra in Cupra Marittima.

Picenum was also the birthplace of such Roman notables as Pompey the Great and his father, Pompeius Strabo.
Aortic valve replacement
Aortic valve replacement is a cardiac surgery procedure whereby a failing aortic valve is replaced with an artificial heart valve. The aortic valve may need to be replaced because of aortic regurgitation (back flow), or if the valve is narrowed by stenosis.

Current methods for aortic valve replacement include open-heart surgery, minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS), surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), percutaneous or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR; also PAVR, PAVI, TAVI), and robotic aortic valve replacement (RAVR).

A cardiologist can evaluate whether a heart valve repair or valve replacement would be of benefit.

Lawrence H. Cohn
Lawrence H. Cohn,  (March 11, 1937 – January 9, 2016) was an American pioneering cardiac surgeon, researcher, and medical educator. He had been on the surgical staff at Harvard Medical School since 1971 and had been a Professor of Surgery at Harvard Medical School since 1980.  In 2000, he was awarded the first endowed Chair in Cardiac Surgery at Harvard Medical School.
Magni Vittoria
The Magni PM.2 Vittoria was an Italian experimental, single seat, parasol wing aircraft built in the mid-1920s.  It had a large area aerofoil on each of its single wing bracing struts which could be rotated together or independently to give lift or drag.

Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag, sometimes referred to as fluid resistance, and also known as viscous force, is a force acting opposite to the direction of motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid. This can exist between two fluid layers, or between a fluid and a solid surface. Drag forces tend to decrease fluid velocity relative to the solid object in the fluid's path.

Unlike other resistive forces, drag force depends on velocity. Drag force is proportional to the relative velocity for low-speed flow and is proportional to the velocity squared for high-speed flow. This distinction between low and high-speed flow is measured by the Reynolds number.
Japanese destroyer Kasumi
Two ships of the Japanese Navy have been named Kasumi:

Japanese destroyer Kasumi (1902), an Akatsuki-class destroyer launched in 1902 and broken up in 1920.

Japanese destroyer Kasumi (1937), an Asashio-class destroyer launched in 1937 and sunk in 1945.

Japanese destroyer Kasumi (1902)
Kasumi (霞, Mist) was one of two Akatsuki-class destroyers, built for the Imperial Japanese Navy in the early 1900s. During the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), she took part in the Battle of Port Arthur in February 1904, the capture of the Imperial Russian Navy destroyer Reshitel'nyi in August 1904, and the Battle of Tsushima in May 1905. She also participated in the Battle of Tsingtao in 1914 during World War I (1914–1918).
Lucian of Antioch
Saint Lucian of Antioch (Greek: Λουκιανός Αντιοχείας c. 240 – January 7, 312), known as Lucian the Martyr, was a Christian presbyter, theologian, and martyr. He was noted for both his scholarship and ascetic piety.

Pope Alexander I of Alexandria
Alexander I of Alexandria (Koine Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος, Aléxandros) was the 19th Patriarch of Alexandria. During his patriarchate, he dealt with a number of issues facing the Church in that day. These included the dating of Easter, the actions of Meletius of Lycopolis, and the issue of greatest substance, Arianism. He was the leader of the opposition to Arianism at the First Council of Nicaea. He also mentored his successor, Athanasius of Alexandria, who would become one of the Church Fathers. He is regarded as a Pope by the Coptic Orthodox Church but not by the Catholic Church.
Itay Margalit
Itai Margalit (Hebrew: איתי מרגלית; born 25 January 1970) is a retired Israeli high jumper.

He finished ninth at the 1998 European Indoor Championships. He also competed at the 1990 European Championships, the 1993 World Championships, the 1994 European Championships, the 1997 World Indoor Championships and the 1998 European Championships without reaching the final.

Margalit was an All-American jumper for the Kansas State Wildcats track and field team, finishing runner-up in the high jump at the 1996 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships.

His personal best jump is 2.27 metres, achieved in June 1998 in Tel Aviv.

1993 World Championships in Athletics – Men's high jump
These are the official results of the Men's High Jump event at the 1993 IAAF World Championships in Stuttgart, Germany. There were a total of 40 participating athletes, with two qualifying groups and the final held on Sunday August 22, 1993. The qualification mark was set at 2.29 metres.
Standard Chartered Bank Building, Kuala Lumpur
The Standard Chartered Bank Building, is a historical building in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Completed in 1909, it is situated on the south side of Independence Square, and served as the main branch of the former Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China which was later absorbed into Standard Chartered Bank.

Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China
The Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China (informally The Chartered Bank; Chinese: 印度新金山中國渣打銀行) was a bank incorporated in London in 1853 by Scotsman James Wilson, under a Royal Charter from Queen Victoria.

Though lacking a truly strong domestic network in Britain, it was influential in the development of British colonial trade throughout the East of Suez.

In 1969, Chartered Bank merged with Standard Bank, which did business throughout Africa. The merged enterprise was incorporated in London under the name Standard Chartered.
Nyam-Osor Naranbold
Nyam-Osoryn Naranbold (Mongolian: Ням-Осорын Наранболд; born 22 February 1992) is a Mongolian footballer who plays as a forward for Mongolian Premier League club Hunters FC Mongolia and the Mongolian Premier League. With nine international goals, he is the all-time top scorer for Mongolia.

2020 Mongolian National Premier League
The 2020 Mongolian National Premier League was the 52nd season of the Mongolian National Premier League. The season began on 1 July and ended in September 2020. This is the final year of a three-year sponsorship deal with Mazala.
New Toys
New Toys is a 1925 American comedy film directed by John S. Robertson and written by Josephine Lovett and Agnes Smith. It is based on the 1924 play New Toys by Oscar Hammerstein II and Milton Herbert Gropper. The film stars Richard Barthelmess, Mary Hay, Katherine Wilson, Clifton Webb, Francis Conlon, and Bijou Fernandez. The film was released on March 1, 1925, by First National Pictures.

Josephine Lovett
Josephine Lovett (October 21, 1877 – September 17, 1958) was an American scenario writer, adapter, screenwriter and actress, active in films from 1916 to 1935.  She was married to Canadian-born director, John Stewart Robertson.  She is best known for her then-risqué film Our Dancing Daughters in 1928. Her screenplays typically included a heroine who was oftentimes economically and sexually independent.
Jafar Ali Shah
Jafar Ali Shah was a politician from Chitral, Pakistan. He was the grandson of Ataliq Bahader Shah and son of Ataliq Sarfraz Shah. He won all of the elections he participated in. He was a Member of the Legislative Assembly from Chitral during the Zulfiqar Bhutto era and was Member of the Shoora during the Zia ul Haq era. He helped to create the Lowari Tunnel. He was Parliamentary Secretary and while representing his constituency NW-15 Chitral-cum-Dir-cum-Swat, Jafar Ali Shah also had the privilege of being one of the  signatories of the 1973 Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

Lowari Tunnel
Lowari Tunnel (Urdu: لواری سرنگ, Lowari Surang) consists of two separate tunnels, and the combined length of both tunnels is 10.4 kilometers (6.5 miles). It is a vehicular tunnel under the Lowari Pass of the Hindu Kush mountains, between Dir and Chitral in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The tunnel effectively bypassed Pakistan's reliance on Afghanistan to reach Chitral region. It is operated by the National Highway Authority and carries traffic on the N-45 National Highway, thus bypassing Lowari Pass. Construction was partly completed by June 2017. By late 2018, the tunnel was open to vehicular traffic for at least ten hours per day.

The total cost of the tunnel was Rs. 26.954 billion (US$93 million). The tunnel is one of the longest tunnels in South Asia, and is the longest in Pakistan, superseding the 3.91 km (2.43 mi) Khojak Tunnel in 2018.
Death Race (franchise)
The Death Race series is a car combat franchise encompassing a series of films and other media centered on a reality show set in a prison, where inmates race against each other in order to win their freedom.

Media franchise
A media franchise, also known as a multimedia franchise, is a collection of related media in which several derivative works have been produced from an original creative work of fiction, such as a film, a work of literature, a television program, or a video game. Bob Iger, chief executive of the Walt Disney Company, defined the word franchise as "something that creates value across multiple businesses and across multiple territories over a long period of time."
Egypt II: The Heliopolis Prophecy
Egypt 2: The Heliopolis Prophecy (French: Égypte II: La Prophétie d'Héliopolis) is an adventure video game developed and published by Cryo Interactive for the PC and PlayStation in 2000.  It was released for Mac OS X in May 2012. Egypt 2 follows Egypt 1156 B.C. and is followed by Egypt III.

Cryo Interactive
Cryo Interactive Entertainment was a French video game development and publishing company founded in 1990, but existing unofficially since 1989 as a developer group under the name Cryo. The company gained recognition for its adventure games, such as the commercially successful titles Dune, Dragon Lore and Atlantis: The Lost Tales, along with the  racing series MegaRace.
Codium
Codium is a genus of edible green macroalgae (or seaweed) under the order Bryopsidales. The genus name is derived from a Greek word that pertains to the soft texture of its thallus. One of the foremost experts on Codium taxonomy was Paul Claude Silva at the University of California, Berkeley. Silva was able to describe 36 species for the genus, and in honor of his work on Codium, the species C. silvae was named after him.

Friedrich Traugott Kützing
Friedrich Traugott Kützing  (8 December 1807 in Ritteburg – 9 September 1893) was a German pharmacist, botanist and phycologist.

Despite his limited background in regard to higher education, Kützing made significant scientific contributions. In 1833, he demonstrated differences between diatoms and desmids, thus separating the two groups into families of their own. Also, independent of Charles Cagniard-Latour (1777–1859) and Theodor Schwann (1810–1882), he was among the first to provide comprehensive answers in regard to yeast and the role it played in fermentation. In 1849, he published Species Algarum, a large work that provided descriptions for 6000 species of algae.

He is the taxonomic authority of the genera Syringodium (family Cymodoceaceae)  and Phlebothamnion (family Ceramiaceae).
Temal Rural Municipality
Temal (Nepali: तेमाल) is a Rural municipality located within the Kavrepalanchowk District of the Bagmati Province of Nepal. The municipality spans 88.85 square kilometres (34.31 sq mi) of area, with a total population of 16,957 according to a 2021 Nepal census.

On March 10, 2017, the Government of Nepal restructured the local level bodies into 753 new local level structures. The previous Sarasyunkhark, Saramthali, Bolde Fediche, Pokhari Narayansthan, Thulo Parsel, Kuruwas Chapakhori and Milche VDCs were merged to form Temal Rural Municipality. Temal is divided into 9 wards, with Pokhari Narayansthan declared the administrative center of the rural municipality.

Saramthali, Kavrepalanchok
Sarmathali is a village development committee in Kabhrepalanchok District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1,159 in 234 individual households.
Tits 'n Ass
Tits 'n Ass is the twenty-fifth and final studio album by Dutch rock band Golden Earring, released on 11 May 2012. It was their first studio album since 2003's Millbrook U.S.A., but was not issued in the U.S. It was the group's final album before their 2021 breakup.

The album cover model was designed by Dutch pin-up artist and tattoo designer Claudia Hek.

George Kooymans
George Jan Kooymans (11 March 1948 – 22 July 2025) was a Dutch guitarist and vocalist. He was best known for his work and to be the founder of the Dutch group Golden Earring. Kooymans wrote "Twilight Zone", the group's only top 10 entry on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, which hit No. 1 on the Billboard Top Album Tracks chart.

In 2021, Kooymans announced his retirement from the music business after he was diagnosed with ALS. He died four years later.
Goldcrest Films
Goldcrest Films is an independent British distribution, production, post production, and finance company. Operating from London and New York, Goldcrest is a privately owned integrated filmed entertainment company.

Goldcrest Films oversees the production, distribution and marketing of films produced by Goldcrest and third-party acquisition in addition to monetising Goldcrest's library of over 100 titles. Goldcrest Films recent slate includes Slumber, Come and Find Me, Stonewall (directed by Roland Emmerich), BBC's EARTH: One Amazing Day (directed by Peter Webber), and Joe Dante's Labirintus.

Stonewall (2015 film)
Stonewall is a 2015 American coming-of-age drama film directed by Roland Emmerich, written by Jon Robin Baitz, and starring Jeremy Irvine, Jonny Beauchamp, Joey King, Caleb Landry Jones, Matt Craven, Jonathan Rhys Meyers, and Ron Perlman. The film is set in and around the 1969 Stonewall riots, a violent clash with police that sparked the gay liberation movement in New York City. Released on September 25, 2015, by Roadside Attractions, it received largely negative reviews.
12 Gifts of Christmas
12 Gifts of Christmas is a 2015 American Christmas romantic comedy television film directed by Peter Sullivan and written by Sullivan, Lynn Grant Beck and Jennifer Notas Shapiro. The film stars Katrina Law, Aaron O'Connell and Donna Mills. It premiered on Hallmark Channel on November 26, 2015, and later re-aired every Christmas season during the Countdown to Christmas.

Peter Sullivan (screenwriter)
Peter Sullivan (born November 30, 1976) is an  American screenwriter, film director, and film producer. He has more than 150 producing credits and directed more than 40 movies, most of them made-for-television.
Long-billed thrasher
The long-billed thrasher (Toxostoma longirostre) is a medium-sized resident songbird of South Texas and eastern Mexico.  It bears a strong resemblance to its close relative the brown thrasher in appearance, calls, and various other behaviors; however, the two species do not overlap in range except in the winter when the brown thrasher will temporarily reside in the northern range of the long-billed.

The bird is a large sized mimid that is not especially wary, but it will take precautionary measures to prevent itself from being potential prey. Like other thrashers, it is named after its sweeping methods when searching for food, not for thrashing predators, although they are aggressive defenders of their territories.

South Texas
South Texas is a geographic and cultural region of the U.S. state of Texas that lies roughly south of—and includes—San Antonio. It is bordered by the Rio Grande,to the south and west, and by the Gulf of Mexico to the east. The population of this region is more than 5 million according to the 2024 census estimates. The southern portion of this region is often referred to as the Rio Grande Valley. The eastern portion along the Gulf of Mexico is also referred to as the Coastal Bend.

Greater Houston and Beaumont–Port Arthur are occasionally tied to the region because they are on the southern end of the state and for businesses that use "South Texas" in its name. (i.e. South Texas School of Law, South Texas State Fair, etc.). However, the two are more commonly associated with East Texas or Southeast Texas.
Chulym (inhabited locality)
Chulym (Russian: Чулым) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Chulym, Chulymsky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, a town in Chulymsky District, Novosibirsk Oblast

Rural localities

Chulym, Kemerovo Oblast, a selo in Chulymskaya Rural Territory of Topkinsky District of Kemerovo Oblast

Chulym, Krasnoyarsk Krai, a settlement in Chulymsky Selsoviet of Novosyolovsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai

Chulym, Zdvinsky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, a selo in Zdvinsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Zdvinsky District
Zdvinsky District (Russian: Здви́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwestern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 4,943 square kilometers (1,909 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Zdvinsk. Population: 16,636 (2010 Census);  18,770 (2002 Census); 21,035 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Zdvinsk accounts for 33.7% of the district's total population.
Wegelin & Co.
Acquired by Swiss Crown AG. UBS Bank Underwriter.
Wegelin & Co. was a private bank that was located in St. Gallen in the Canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland, and specialized in private banking and asset management.

Founded by Caspar Zyli in 1741, the company was renamed Wegelin & Co. in 1893. The bank's legal name changed multiple times by incorporating the names of the senior personally liable partners. As of 2013, the bank's name was Wegelin & Co. Privatbankiers, Gesellschafter Bruderer, Hummler, Tolle & Co. At the time of its closing, it was the oldest bank in Switzerland and the 13th oldest in the world.

Canton of St. Gallen
The canton of St. Gallen or St Gall (German: Kanton St. Gallen [zaŋkt ˈɡalən] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Son Gagl; French: Canton de Saint-Gall; Italian: Canton San Gallo) is a canton of Switzerland. Its capital is St. Gallen.

Located in northeastern Switzerland, the canton has an area of 2,026 km2 (782 sq mi) (5% of Switzerland) and a resident population close to half a million as of 2015 (6% of Switzerland). It was formed in 1803 as a conflation of the city of St. Gallen, the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and various former subject territories of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
Parada Harahap
Parada Harahap (born 1899 in Sipirok, Dutch East Indies, died 1959 in Jakarta) was an important journalist and writer from the late colonial period and early independence era in Indonesia. In the 1930s, he was called the "king of the Java press". He pioneered a new kind of politically neutral Malay language newspaper in the 1930s which would cater to the rising middle class of the Indies.

Sin Po (newspaper)
Sin Po (Chinese: 新報; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-pò; lit. '(The) News') was a Peranakan Chinese Malay-language newspaper published in the Dutch East Indies and later Indonesia. It expressed the viewpoint of Chinese nationalism and defended the interests of Chinese Indonesians and was for several decades one of the most widely read Malay newspapers in the Indies. It existed under various names until 1965.
Vallis Bouvard
Vallis Bouvard is a 284-km-long valley on the Moon, centered at 38°18′S 83°06′W﻿ / ﻿38.3°S 83.1°W﻿ / -38.3; -83.1. It begins at the southern rim of the crater Shaler, and winds its way to the south-southeast towards Baade. This is one of several such valleys that radiate away from the southeast edge of the Mare Orientale circular impact basin, the other two being Vallis Inghirami and Vallis Baade. It was formed by a secondary crater chain. The valley was named after  Alexis Bouvard.

Alexis Bouvard
Alexis Bouvard (French pronunciation: [alɛksi buvaʁ], 27 June 1767 – 7 June 1843) was a French astronomer. He is particularly noted for his careful observations of the irregularities in the motion of Uranus and his hypothesis of the existence of an eighth planet in the Solar System.
Jerrinja
Jerrinja are an Aboriginal Australian people from the South Coast of New South Wales, Australia. Their traditional lands include Cullunghutti (Coolangatta Mountain), Shoalhaven Heads, Greenwell Point, Orient Point, Culburra Beach, Lake Wollumboola, Currarong, Bundarwa (northern Jervis Bay). They are members of the Wandi Wandi (Wandiwandian) tribe. Their name is also the name of their preeminent community: the Jerrinja Aboriginal Community at Orient Point; that was known as Roseby Park Aboriginal Reserve Mission Station and was controlled and administered by the New South Wales Aboriginal Protection Board until the late 1960s.

Currarong, New South Wales
Currarong is a small coastal fishing and tourist village of 556 houses in the Shoalhaven area of New South Wales, Australia. At the 2021 census, Currarong had a permanent population of 479 (occupying 38 percent of dwellings). The village is a haven for fishermen, with several underwater rises where fish are abundant.