hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edge Hill, Warwickshire
Edge Hill is an escarpment and Edgehill is a hamlet in the civil parish of Ratley and Upton, Stratford-on-Avon District, southern Warwickshire, England.  At Ratley, the escarpment rises to 219 m (719 ft) above sea level and 112 m (367 ft) above nearby Radway, within 300 metres of the Warwickshire border with Oxfordshire.

Edge Hill gave its name to the first battle of the English Civil War, in which it was a prominent feature.

The hamlet has a public house, an eccentric building of local Hornton Stone called the Castle Inn that was built in the 1740s to the designs of Sanderson Miller (1716–80). It is controlled by the Hook Norton Brewery.

Escarpment
An escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff that forms as a result of faulting or erosion and separates two relatively level areas having different elevations.

Similarity causes  the term scarp to be incorrectly used interchangeably with escarpment, which refers to the margin between two landforms as opposed to scarp, which refers to a cliff or a steep slope. In this usage, an escarpment is a ridge that has a gentle slope on one side and a steep scarp on the other side.

More loosely, the term scarp also describes a zone between a coastal lowland and a continental plateau that shows a marked, abrupt change in elevation caused by coastal erosion at the base of the plateau.
Thomasville station (North Carolina)
The Thomasville Railroad Passenger Depot is a historic train station located at Thomasville, Davidson County, North Carolina. It is one of the oldest remaining frame depots in the state, built between 1870 and 1871. The board-and-batten building features Victorian sawnwork detailing. Until 1912, it served as a passenger train station with the Richmond and Danville Railroad and later the Southern Railway. Due to the increase in passenger rail travel, a new brick depot was built. This depot was then moved to the north side of the tracks and served as a freight agent's office. The Southern Railway eventually gave the structure to the town. The Thomasville Historical Society raised $5,000 for its restoration in 1969. Another restoration was completed in the late 1990s. In July 2000, the Thomasville Railroad Passenger Depot became the home of the Thomasville Visitors' Center.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.

Richmond and Danville Railroad
The Richmond and Danville Railroad (reporting mark R&D) was a railroad that operated independently from 1847 until 1894, first in the U.S. state of Virginia, and later on 3,300 miles (5,300 km) of track in nine states.

Chartered on March 9, 1847, the railroad completed its 140-mile (230 km) line between Richmond and Danville in 1856. During the American Civil War, the railroad was a vital link between the Confederate capital of Richmond and the rest of the Confederacy. After the Civil War, the railroad grew to become the 3,300-mile (5,300 km) Richmond and Danville Railroad Company System.

Placed in receivership in 1892, the Richmond and Danville Railroad Company was sold in 1894 and conveyed into the new Southern Railway Company (later the Norfolk Southern Railway) in 1896 and 1897.
Nockels
Nockels is a surname. People with that name include:

Christy Nockels (born 1973), American singer-songwriter of contemporary Christian music, wife of Nathan

Edward Nockels (1869-1937), American electrician and trade unionist

Nathan Nockels (born 1973), American Christian musician and worship leader, husband of Christy

Edward Nockels
Edward N. Nockels (1869 – February 27, 1937) was an American electrician and trade unionist. Nockels was the secretary of the Chicago Federation of Labor from 1903 until his death. He was born in Dubuque, Iowa and trained as an electrician. He was an ally of American Federation of Labor leaders Samuel Gompers and William Green. Conversely, Nockels and CFL president John Fitzpatrick were considered by some as "radical fabians" and were close friends with radical labor organizer Mother Jones. He is credited with founding WCFL, which was called the "Voice of Labor". Nockels spearheaded the effort to establish a labor-union radio station over the misgivings of the board of the CFL and Fitzpatrick himself.

Nockels died at a Chicago restaurant of a heart attack on February 27, 1937.
Scream Street (TV series)
Scream Street is a stop motion animated comedy-horror television series, airing on the CBBC channel in the United Kingdom. It is a co-production between Factory, Coolabi Productions, ZDF Enterprises and Ingenious Media based on the books of the same name by Tommy Donbavand.

A second season was confirmed in 2020.

Rasmus Hardiker
Rasmus Hardiker (born 31 January 1985) is a British actor. He is best known for voicing Scott and Alan Tracy in the reboot animated television series Thunderbirds Are Go. He played Raymond in Steve Coogan's sitcom Saxondale and Ben in the Jack Dee comedy Lead Balloon. Hardiker was also in the BBC3 sketch series The Wrong Door.

He joined the voice cast of Thomas & Friends, voicing several characters in the UK and USA versions. He is also known for voicing Alfur in Hilda.
The Switch (2022 film)
The Switch (French: La Switch) is a 2022 Canadian drama film, directed by Michel Kandinsky. The film stars François Arnaud as Cpl. Marc Leblanc, a soldier who returns home to Northern Ontario after serving in the War in Afghanistan, only to find his reintegration into civilian life complicated by his struggles with post-traumatic stress disorder.

The cast also includes Lothaire Bluteau, Sophie Desmarais, Joe Pingue, Maxwell McCabe-Lokos and Roch Castonguay.

The film was shot in Sudbury, Ontario, in fall 2020. It had its premiere at the 2022 Cinéfest Sudbury International Film Festival.

Joe Pingue
Giuseppe Pingue is a Canadian actor and filmmaker. His roles include Captain McDowell in the Prime sci-fi series The Expanse, Aloznzo Bunker in the Netflix Western limited series Godless, Whiff in Thomas & Friends: All Engines Go and Hoyt in the feature film The Book of Eli.
Electoral district of Brown Hill-Ivanhoe
The Electoral district of Brown Hill-Ivanhoe (sometimes styled Brownhill-Ivanhoe) was a Legislative Assembly electorate in the state of Western Australia. It covered part of the Goldfields city of Boulder, near Kalgoorlie, and neighbouring mining areas. It was created at the 1911 redistribution out of the former seats of Brown Hill and Ivanhoe, and was first contested at the 1911 election. It was abolished in the 1948 redistribution, with its area split between the neighbouring electorates of Boulder and Hannans, taking effect from the 1950 election. The seat was a very safe one for the Labor Party.

Goldfields–Esperance
31°S 123°E﻿ / ﻿31°S 123°E﻿ / -31; 123

The Goldfields–Esperance region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It is located in the south-eastern corner of Western Australia, and comprises the local government areas of Coolgardie, Dundas, Esperance, Kalgoorlie–Boulder, Laverton, Leonora, Menzies, Ngaanyatjarraku, Ravensthorpe and Wiluna.

It also incorporates the area along the Great Australian Bight to the South Australian border known as the Nullarbor Plain.
Baltuška
Baltuška is a Lithuanian surname.

Andrius Baltuška, Lithuanian physicist

Raimundas Saulius Baltuška (1937–2016),  Lithuanian military figure, flotilla admiral, former commander of the Lithuanian naval forces

Andrius Baltuška
Andrius Baltuška (born 26 November 1971 in Leningrad) is a  Lithuanian physicist.

Baltuška studied physics at the University of Vilnius later at the University of Amsterdam and received his PhD from the University of Groningen in 2000. After postdoctoral positions at the University of Tokyo, Technical University of Vienna and Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics he became professor at the Technical University of Vienna in 2006.
Membrane-spanning 4A
Membrane-spanning 4A genes are members of the CD20-like family. The MS4A genes are usually organized in a single genomic clusters in mammals, suggestive of gene duplication events. MS4A genes encode a class of four-transmembrane spanning proteins. MS4A genes have been described to act as a specific kind of olfactory receptor in the necklace olfactory sensory neurons in mice (Mus musculus).

In human (Homo sapiens) the members of this family include:

MS4A1 (better known as "CD20")

MS4A2

MS4A3

MS4A4A

MS4A4E

MS4A5

MS4A6A

MS4A6E

MS4A7

MS4A8

MS4A9

MS4A10

MS4A12

MS4A13

MS4A14

MS4A15

MS4A18

CD20-like family
In molecular biology, the CD20-like family of proteins includes the CD20 protein and the beta subunit of the high affinity receptor for IgE Fc, MS4A2. MS4A2 has a tetrameric structure consisting of a single IgE-binding alpha subunit, a single beta subunit, and two disulfide-linked gamma subunits. It has four putative transmembrane segments and a probable topology where both amino- and carboxy termini protrude into the cytoplasm. This family also includes LR8 like proteins from humans (TMEM176B), mice and rats. The function of the human LR8 protein is unknown although it is known to be strongly expressed in the lung fibroblasts. This family also includes sarcospan, a transmembrane component of dystrophin-associated glycoprotein. Loss of the sarcoglycan complex and sarcospan alone is sufficient to cause muscular dystrophy. The role of the sarcoglycan complex and sarcospan is thought to be to strengthen the dystrophin axis connecting the basement membrane with the cytoskeleton.
Skippy (X)
Skippy is a window management tool for X11 similar to Mac OS X's Exposé feature. It is a fullscreen task switcher that allows a user to quickly see open windows by two different sets of criteria, or to hide all windows and show the desktop without the need to click through many windows to find a specific target. Skippy-XD is a branch that provides 'live' (and updating) snapshots of the windows.

Alt-Tab
Alt+Tab ↹ is the common name for a keyboard shortcut that has been in Microsoft Windows since Windows 1.0 (1985). This shortcut switches between application-level windows without using the mouse; hence it was named Task Switcher (Flip in Windows Vista).

Alt+Tab ↹ orders windows by most recently used, thus repeated Alt+Tab ↹ keystrokes will switch between the two most recent tasks. It can also be used alternate between a full-size window and the desktop. The window environment maintains a Z-order list of top-level windows (tasks) with the most recently used tasks at the front and the desktop at the bottom, so the most recently used tasks can be switched to the most quickly.

The Alt+Tab ↹ keyboard combination has also been incorporated in other operating systems and desktop environments such as KDE, Xfce, and GNOME. iOS and macOS have similar functionality by pressing ⌘ Command+Tab ↹ but that switches applications rather than windows.
T. D. Muthukumaraswamy Naidu
T. D. Muthukumaraswamy Naidu was an Indian politician and former Member of Parliament elected from Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Cuddalore constituency as an Independent candidate in 1957 election.

He also served as a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Tamil Nadu Toilers Party candidate from Tirukkoyilur constituency in 1952 election.

Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party
Tamil Nadu Toilers Party was created by members of the populous Vanniyar community of Tamil Nadu, India, during the 1950s. In 1951, Vanniyars convened a conference of the Vanniyar Kula Kshatriya Sanga which intended to organise Vanniyars on a statewide basis. It failed due to traditional local loyalties. S. S. Ramasami Padayachi, chairman of the Cuddalore Municipal school and member of the South Arcot district board, led the Vanniyars of South Arcot and Salem in forming the Tamil Nadu Toilers Party (TTP) while M. A. Manickavelu Naicker, a lawyer, led those from North Arcot and Chengalpattu in the creation of the Commonweal Party.

N. D. Govindaswamy Kachirayar, A. Jayaraman, V. Muniswami and V. Boorarangaswami Padayachi of TTP won four seats in the 1952 Indian general election.
Anna Wu
Anna Wu Hung-yuk (Traditional Chinese: 胡紅玉; born 1951, Hong Kong) is a former non-official member of the Executive Council of Hong Kong. She qualified as a solicitor after graduating from the Faculty of Law of the University of Hong Kong. She is currently a management consultant.

Formerly, she served as Chairperson of the Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority and Council Member of the Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre.

On 26 April 2013, she was appointed Chairperson of the Competition Commission, a position she continues to hold today.

Politically, she is considered on good terms with the pan-democratic camp. She has urged democratic parties to "roll up their sleeves" and set up a shadow cabinet that offers alternative policy programmes, in preparation for a time when they might hold political office.

Faculty (division)
A faculty or academic division is an academic and administrative unit within a university or college comprising one subject area or a group of related subject areas, possibly also delimited by level (e.g. undergraduate). In North America, academic divisions are sometimes titled colleges, schools, or departments, with universities occasionally using a mixture of terminology, e.g., Harvard University has a Faculty of Arts and Sciences and a Law School.
Fred H. Blume
Fred Heinrich Blume (/bluːm/; January 9, 1875 – September 26, 1971), or Fred H. Blume, as he referred to himself, was a German-born American attorney and judge. He served as a justice of the Wyoming Supreme Court for 42 years, from 1922 to 1963, and by himself translated from Latin into English the Codex Justinianus and the Novels (or Novellae Constitutiones), two parts of the Corpus Juris Civilis.

Codex Theodosianus
The Codex Theodosianus ("Theodosian Code") is a compilation of the laws of the Roman Empire made by the Christian emperors from 311 A.D. until 437 A.D. A commission was established by Emperor Theodosius II and his co-emperor Valentinian III on 26 March 429 and the compilation was published by a constitution of 15 February 438. It went into force in the eastern and western parts of the empire on 1 January 439. About one-quarter of the original text of the codex is also found in the Breviary of Alaric (also called Lex Romana Visigothorum), promulgated on 2 February 506 by Visigoth King Alaric II.
Castlemaine railway station
Castlemaine railway station is a regional railway station on the Deniliquin line, part of the Victorian railway network. It serves the north-western town of Castlemaine, in Victoria, Australia. Castlemaine station is a ground level staffed station, featuring two side platforms. It opened on 21 October 1862.

The station is the terminus of the Victorian Goldfields Railway heritage services on the Maldon line. It used to be the terminus of the cross-country Castlemaine-Maryborough railway, but the section from Castlemaine to Moolort was closed in 2004, and the remaining section to Maryborough was closed in 2011.

Disused stations at Elphinstone and Taradale are located between Castlemaine and Malmsbury, while disused stations Harcourt and Ravenswood are located between Castlemaine and Kangaroo Flat. Chewton station, between Castlemaine and Malmsbury, has been demolished.

Harcourt railway station
Harcourt is a closed station located on the Bendigo line. It served the township of the same name and was closed to passenger traffic on 4 October 1981, as part of the New Deal timetable for country passengers.

A 10-ton crane at the station, which was used for loading blocks of Harcourt granite quarried at nearby Mount Alexander, was removed in 1973.

Between 1982 to 2006, the station building on the former down platform housed the studios of Goldfields Community Access Radio (3CCC).
François Rauber
François Rauber (19 January 1933 – 14 December 2003) was a French pianist, composer, arranger and conductor known for his works with chansonnier Jacques Brel. He served as the music director for the 1975 film Jacques Brel Is Alive and Well and Living in Paris.

Rauber was born in Neufchâteau, Vosges and studied music at the Nancy Conservatoire and the Conservatoire de Paris.

Rauber is also the composer of the Napoleonic March in the Colonel Chabert French movie by Yves Angelo.

In 1979 Rauber was awarded the Grand Prize for Light Symphonic Music. During the 1980s and early 1990s, he worked extensively with Portuguese singer-songwriter Fernando Tordo and served as arranger and conductor in some of his records. In 2003, he was awarded the Chanson Française Grand Prize.

Yves Angelo
Yves Angelo (born 22 January 1956) is a French cinematographer, film director and screenwriter. Angelo has won the César Award for Best Cinematography three times: in 1990 for Nocturne indien, in 1992 for Tous les matins du monde, and in 1994 for Germinal.
Ithaca Mag-10
The Ithaca Mag-10 was the world’s first 10 GA semi-automatic gas-operated shotgun chambered in 10-gauge (3½"). The CounterCoil system built into the front of the magazine tube reduced the recoil from the round to allow easier second shots but cut the magazine size in half to 2 shells. Regular models had jeweled-finish bolts, engraved barrels and checkered stocks. It was produced until 1989, at which point Remington Arms bought the design and used it as the basis for the Remington Model SP-10.

Remington Arms
Remington Arms Company, LLC, was an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was formerly owned by the Remington Outdoor Company, which went bankrupt in 2020 with its lines of business sold to several purchasers. Two resulting companies each bear the Remington name—the firearms manufacturer is Remington Firearms owned by RemArms, LLC., and the ammunition business is Remington Ammunition owned by The Kinetic Group (Czechoslovak Group).

Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington as E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the United States and claimed to be the oldest factory in the country that still made its original product. The company was the largest rifle manufacturer in North America according to 2015 ATF statistics. The company developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world.
Castaños
Castaños is a city in the northern Mexican state of Coahuila. 
It is located at 101° 25' 58" West, 26° 47' 3"  North, in the state's central region (Región Centro), within Castaños Municipality. It was settled in 1582 by Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva and Gaspar Castaño de Sosa. The town was then founded on November 22, 1674.

Gaspar Castaño de Sosa
Gaspar Castaño de Sosa  (ca. 1550, Portugal – ca. 1595, Molucca) was a Portuguese settler, colonist, explorer, and reputed slaver who was among the founders of the towns of Saltillo and Monclova, in Coahuila, Mexico. He led an expedition, deemed illegal by Spanish authorities, and attempted unsuccessfully to establish a colony in New Mexico in 1590 and 1591.
Caterpillar G3600
The Caterpillar G3600 is a family of gas internal combustion engines made by Caterpillar. The G3600 series was first introduced in 1991. The engines range from six to sixteen cylinders. Each cylinder offers 21.2 liters in displacement (1294 cubic inches) has a size of 11.8 × 11.8 bore/stroke. Engine ratings are available from 1875 - 5500 horsepower at 1000 RPM, depending on the model. The different models weigh between roughly seventeen and thirty-three tons (34,560 - 65,900 pounds). The G3600 engines are often used in gas compression applications.

Revolutions per minute
Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, rev/min, r/min, or r⋅min−1) is a unit of rotational speed (or rotational frequency) for rotating machines.
One revolution per minute is equivalent to ⁠1/60⁠ hertz.
Georgetown Law Weekly
Georgetown Law Weekly is a weekly newspaper published by students at Georgetown University Law Center in Washington, D.C., United States.

The Law Weekly has a circulation of 1,500 and is printed each Tuesday of the school year. In total, twenty-two issues are printed over the course of the Fall and Spring semesters. It is composed on Quark XPress 6.1 and is printed by Southern Maryland Publishing. The newspaper accepts letters to the editor via email that do not exceed 700 words. A version of the Law Weekly is available online.

The Law Weekly won the American Bar Association Law Student Division's best newspaper award three years in a row, from 2002 to 2004. The late Reverend Father Robert F. Drinan served as Faculty Adviser.

QuarkXPress
QuarkXPress is desktop publishing software for creating and editing complex page layouts in a WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) environment. It runs on macOS and Windows. It was first released by Quark, Inc. in 1987 and is still owned and published by them.

The most recent version, QuarkXPress 2026 (internal version number 22.0.0), has compatibility with macOS Tahoe.

QuarkXPress is used by designers, publishing houses and corporations to produce from printable to multimedia projects. Recent versions have added support for ebooks/flipbooks, Web and mobile apps.
Pogo cello
The pogo cello is a percussion instrument in the idiophone family. This instrument can be heard in the skiffle bands of England, jug bands from the United States, as well as some blues, bluegrass, folk and rock bands. Notable musical groups or persons using the pogo cello in their music are Jim Kweskin's Jug Band, Mojo Nixon, Rend Collective, the Gloucester Hornpipe and Clog Society and Redd Foxx, the famous comedian/singer who starred as Fred Sanford in the television show Sanford and Son.

Sanford and Son
Sanford and Son is an American sitcom television series that was produced by Tandem Productions and aired on NBC from January 14, 1972, to March 25, 1977. It was based on the British sitcom Steptoe and Son, which initially aired on BBC1, in the United Kingdom, from 1962 to 1974.

Known for its racial humor, running gags, and catchphrases, the series was adapted by Norman Lear and considered NBC's response to CBS's All in the Family. Sanford and Son has been hailed as the precursor to many other Black American sitcoms. It was a hit through its six-season run, finishing in the Nielsen top ten five times.

The series follows Fred G. Sanford, known for his bigotry and cantankerousness, and Lamont Sanford, his long-suffering, conscientious, peacemaker son. Both characters are occasionally involved in get-rich-quick schemes to pay off their various debts.

The show also includes characters Aunt Esther, Grady Wilson, Bubba Bexley, Rollo Lawson, Donna Harris, and Julio Fuentes.
Carysfort
Carysfort can refer to:

Carysfort, County Wicklow former borough now called Macreddin
Carysfort (Parliament of Ireland constituency)

Earl of Carysfort, and Baron Carysfort, Irish peerage of the Proby family

Carysfort Reef, Florida Keys
Carysfort Reef Light

Carysfort Island, a name for Tureia

Cape Carysfort, East Falkland island

HMS Carysfort, five ships of the Royal Navy

Carysfort College former teacher training college in Dublin

Carysfort Reef Light
Carysfort Reef Light is located on Carysfort Reef east of Key Largo, Florida. The lighthouse has an iron-pile foundation with a platform, and a skeletal, octagonal, pyramidal tower, which is painted red. The light was 100 feet (30 m) above the water. It was the oldest functioning lighthouse of its type in the United States until it was decommissioned in 2015, having been completed in 1852. The light last installed was a xenon flashtube beacon.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
Cardrona, Scottish Borders
Cardrona is a village on the A72 and B7062, between Peebles and Innerleithen, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland.

Places nearby include Glentress, Kirkburn, Scottish Borders, Kirkhouse, Traquair, and Walkerburn.

Innerleithen
Innerleithen (Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Leitheann) is a civil parish and a small town in the committee area of Tweeddale, in the Scottish Borders. It was formerly in the historic county of Peeblesshire or Tweeddale.